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The Mauryan pillars are rock-cut pillars thus displaying the carverโs skills. | ุฃุนู
ุฏุฉ ุงูู
ุงูุฑูุงู ูู ุฃุนู
ุฏุฉ ู
ูุญูุชุฉ ูู ุงูุตุฎุฑุ ู
ู
ุง ูุนุฑุถ ู
ูุงุฑุงุช ุงููุญุงุช. | ar | technical | moderate |
Ashoka emerged as the most powerful king of the Mauryan dynasty. | ุจุฑุฒ ุฃุดููุง ูุฃููู ู
ููู ุณูุงูุฉ ุงูู
ุงูุฑูุงู. | ar | history | simple |
Religious practices had many dimensions and were not confined to just one particular mode of worship. | ูุงูุช ุงูู
ู
ุงุฑุณุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉ ุฐุงุช ุฃุจุนุงุฏ ุนุฏูุฏุฉ ููู
ุชูุชุตุฑ ุนูู ู
ุฌุฑุฏ ุทุฑููุฉ ุนุจุงุฏุฉ ูุงุญุฏุฉ. | ar | history | moderate |
The Mauryan pillar capital found at Sarnath popularly known as the Lion Capital is the finest example of Mauryan sculptural tradition. | ุฑุฃุณ ุนู
ูุฏ ุงูู
ุงูุฑูุงู ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ุณุงุฑูุงุซ ูุงูู
ุนุฑูู ุจุงุณู
ุฑุฃุณ ุงูุฃุณุฏ ูู ุฃูุถู ู
ุซุงู ุนูู ุชูููุฏ ุงููุญุช ุงูู
ุงูุฑู. | ar | art | complex |
The capital originally consisted of five component parts. | ุชูููุช ุงูุนุงุตู
ุฉ ูู ุงูุฃุตู ู
ู ุฎู
ุณุฉ ุฃุฌุฒุงุก. | ar | art | simple |
The facial musculature of the lions is very strong. | ุนุถูุงุช ูุฌู ุงูุฃุณูุฏ ูููุฉ ุฌุฏูุง. | ar | art | simple |
The abacus has the depiction of a chakra (wheel) having twenty-four spokes. | ูุญุชูู ุงูุญุณุงุจ ุนูู ุชุตููุฑ ูุนุฌูุฉ (ุนุฌูุฉ) ุจูุง ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูุนุดุฑูู ุถูุนูุง. | ar | art | moderate |
The life-size standing image of a Yakshini holding a chauri (flywhisk) from Didargunj near modern Patna is another good example. | ุตูุฑุฉ ูุงูุดููู ุจุงูุญุฌู
ุงูุทุจูุนู ููู ุชุญู
ู ุชุดูุฑู (ู
ุถุฑุจ ุงูุฐุจุงุจ) ู
ู ุฏูุฏุงุฑุฌููุฌ ุจุงููุฑุจ ู
ู ุจุงุชูุง ุงูุญุฏูุซุฉ ูู ู
ุซุงู ุฌูุฏ ุขุฎุฑ. | ar | art | complex |
The method of working was collective in nature. | ูุงูุช ุทุฑููุฉ ุงูุนู
ู ุฌู
ุงุนูุฉ ุจุทุจูุนุชูุง. | ar | art | simple |
Traders recorded their donation along with their place of origin. | ุณุฌู ุงูุชุฌุงุฑ ุชุจุฑุนุงุชูู
ู
ุน ู
ูุงู ุฅูุงู
ุชูู
. | ar | history | simple |
During the early phase of Buddhism, Buddha is depicted symbolically through footprints, stupas, lotus throne, chakra, etc. | ุฎูุงู ุงูู
ุฑุญูุฉ ุงูุฃููู ู
ู ุงูุจูุฐูุฉุ ูุชู
ุชุตููุฑ ุจูุฐุง ุจุดูู ุฑู
ุฒู ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุขุซุงุฑ ุงูุฃูุฏุงู
ุ ูุงูุณุชูุจุงุ ูุนุฑุด ุงูููุชุณุ ูุงูุนุฌูุฉุ ูู
ุง ุฅูู ุฐูู. | ar | religion | moderate |
The Jataka stories also became equally important for sculptural decorations. | ุฃุตุจุญุช ูุตุต ุงูุฌุงุชุงูุง ู
ูู
ุฉ ุจููุณ ุงููุฏุฑ ููุฏูููุฑุงุช ุงููุญุชูุฉ. | ar | art | moderate |
From the second century BCE onwards, various rulers established their control over the vast Mauryan Empire. | ู
ูุฐ ุงููุฑู ุงูุซุงูู ูุจู ุงูู
ููุงุฏ ูุตุงุนุฏูุงุ ุฃูุงู
ุญูุงู
ู
ุฎุชูููู ุณูุทุฑุชูู
ุนูู ุฅู
ุจุฑุงุทูุฑูุฉ ุงูู
ุงูุฑูุงู ุงูุดุงุณุนุฉ. | ar | history | moderate |
Bharhut sculptures are tall like the images of Yaksha and Yakhshini in the Mauryan period. | ู
ูุญูุชุงุช ุจูุงุฑูุช ุทูููุฉ ู
ุซู ุตูุฑ ูุงูุดุง ููุงูุดููู ูู ูุชุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุงูุฑูุงู. | ar | art | moderate |
Clarity in the narrative is enhanced by selecting main events. | ูุชู
ุชุนุฒูุฒ ุงููุถูุญ ูู ุงูุณุฑุฏ ุนู ุทุฑูู ุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุฃุญุฏุงุซ ุงูุฑุฆูุณูุฉ. | ar | art | moderate |
At Bharhut, narrative panels are shown with fewer characters. | ูู ุจูุงุฑูุชุ ุชุธูุฑ ุงูููุญุงุช ุงูุณุฑุฏูุฉ ุจุนุฏุฏ ุฃูู ู
ู ุงูุดุฎุตูุงุช. | ar | art | simple |
Folded hands in the narratives as well as single figures of the Yakhshas and Yakshinis are shown flat clinging to the chest. | ุชุธูุฑ ุงูุฃูุฏู ุงูู
ุทููุฉ ูู ุงูุฑูุงูุงุช ุจุงูุฅุถุงูุฉ ุฅูู ุงูุฃุดูุงู ุงููุฑุฏูุฉ ูู Yakshas ู Yakshinis ู
ุณุทุญุฉ ุชูุชุตู ุจุงูุตุฏุฑ. | ar | art | complex |
Sculptures at Bharhut, Bodhgaya, Sanchi Stupa-2, and Jagayyapetta are good examples. | ู
ูุญูุชุงุช ูู ุจูุงุฑูุชุ ูุจูุฏุบุงูุงุ ูุณุงูุชุดู ุณุชูุจุง -2ุ ูุฌุงุฌูุงุจุชุง ุฃู
ุซูุฉ ุฌูุฏุฉ. | ar | art | moderate |
The next phase of sculptural development at Sanchi Stupa-1, Mathura, and Vengi in Andhra Pradesh is noteworthy. | ุงูู
ุฑุญูุฉ ุงูุชุงููุฉ ู
ู ุงูุชุทูุฑ ุงููุญุชู ูู ุณุงูุชุดู ุณุชูุจุง -1ุ ูู
ุงุชูุฑุงุ ููููุฌู ูู ุฃูุฏุฑุง ุจุฑุงุฏูุด ุฌุฏูุฑุฉ ุจุงูู
ูุงุญุธุฉ. | ar | art | moderate |
Figure compositions are in high relief, filling up the entire space. | ุชููููุงุช ุงูุดูู ูู ุฅุบุงุซุฉ ุนุงููุฉุ ูู
ูุก ุงูู
ุณุงุญุฉ ุจุฃูู
ููุง. | ar | art | moderate |
Map showing prehistoric sites (Outline map not to scale) 2024-25 PREHISTORIC ROCK PAINTINGS | ุฎุฑูุทุฉ ุชูุถุญ ุงูู
ูุงูุน ุงูุฃุซุฑูุฉ (ุฎุฑูุทุฉ ุชูุถูุญูุฉ ูููุณุช ุนูู ูุทุงู) 2024-25 ุฑุณูู
ุงุช ุงูุตุฎูุฑ ูู ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ | ar | general | simple |
The distant past when there was no paper or language or the written word, and hence no books or written documents, is called prehistory or as we often say, prehistoric times. | ููุทูู ุนูู ุงูู
ุงุถู ุงูุจุนูุฏ ุงูุฐู ูู
ููู ููู ูุฑู ุฃู ูุบุฉ ุฃู ููู
ุฉ ู
ูุชูุจุฉุ ูุจุงูุชุงูู ูุง ุชูุฌุฏ ูุชุจ ุฃู ู
ุณุชูุฏุงุช ู
ูุชูุจุฉุ ุงุณู
ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ ุฃู ูู
ุง ูููู ุบุงูุจูุงุ ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ. | ar | general | moderate |
How people lived in those times was difficult to surmise until scholars began to discover the places where prehistoric people lived. | ูุงู ู
ู ุงูุตุนุจ ุชุฎู
ูู ููู ุนุงุด ุงููุงุณ ูู ุชูู ุงูุฃููุงุช ุญุชู ุจุฏุฃ ุงูุนูู
ุงุก ูู ุงูุชุดุงู ุงูุฃู
ุงูู ุงูุชู ุนุงุด ูููุง ุฃูุงุณ ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ. | ar | general | moderate |
Excavation at these places brought to light old tools, pottery, habitats, bones of ancient human beings and animals, and drawings on cave walls. | ุฃุฏุช ุงูุญูุฑูุงุช ูู ูุฐู ุงูุฃู
ุงูู ุฅูู ุฅููุงุก ุงูุถูุก ุนูู ุงูุฃุฏูุงุช ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ ูุงููุฎุงุฑ ูุงูู
ูุงุฆู ูุนุธุงู
ุงูุจุดุฑ ูุงูุญููุงูุงุช ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ ูุงูุฑุณูู
ุงุช ุนูู ุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงููููู. | ar | general | moderate |
By piecing together the information deduced from these objects and the cave drawings, scholars have constructed fairly accurate knowledge about what happened and how people lived in prehistoric times. | ู
ู ุฎูุงู ุชุฌู
ูุน ุงูู
ุนููู
ุงุช ุงูู
ุณุชูุชุฌุฉ ู
ู ูุฐู ุงูุฃุดูุงุก ูุฑุณูู
ุงุช ุงูููููุ ูุงู
ุงูุนูู
ุงุก ุจุจูุงุก ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุฏูููุฉ ุฅูู ุญุฏ ู
ุง ุญูู ู
ุง ุญุฏุซ ูููู ุนุงุด ุงููุงุณ ูู ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ. | ar | general | complex |
When the basic needs of food, water, clothing and shelter were fulfilled people felt the need to express themselves. | ุนูุฏู
ุง ุชู
ุชูุจูุฉ ุงูุงุญุชูุงุฌุงุช ุงูุฃุณุงุณูุฉ ู
ู ุงูุบุฐุงุก ูุงูู
ุงุก ูุงูู
ูุงุจุณ ูุงูู
ุฃููุ ุดุนุฑ ุงููุงุณ ุจุงูุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅูู ุงูุชุนุจูุฑ ุนู ุฃููุณูู
. | ar | general | moderate |
Painting and drawing were the oldest art forms practised by human beings to express themselves, using the cave walls as their canvas. | ูุงูุช ุงูุฑุณู
ูุงูุชุตููุฑ ู
ู ุฃูุฏู
ุฃุดูุงู ุงููู ุงูุชู ู
ุงุฑุณูุง ุงูุจุดุฑ ููุชุนุจูุฑ ุนู ุฃููุณูู
ุ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงููููู ูููุญุงุชูู
. | ar | general | moderate |
Why did prehistoric people draw these pictures? | ูู
ุงุฐุง ุฑุณู
ุฃูุงุณ ุนุตูุฑ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ ูุฐู ุงูุตูุฑุ | ar | general | simple |
They may have drawn and painted to make their shelters more colourful and beautiful or to keep a visual record of their day-to-day life, like some of us who maintain a diary. | ุฑุจู
ุง ุฑุณู
ูุง ูุฑุณู
ูุง ูุฌุนู ู
ุขูููู
ุฃูุซุฑ ุฃููุงููุง ูุฌู
ุงููุง ุฃู ููุงุญุชูุงุธ ุจุณุฌู ู
ุฑุฆู ูุญูุงุชูู
ุงูููู
ูุฉุ ู
ุซู ุจุนุถูุง ู
ู
ู ูุญุชูุธูู ุจู
ุฐูุฑุงุช. | ar | general | moderate |
The prehistoric period in the early development of human beings is commonly known as the Old Stone Age or the Palaeolithic Age. | ุชูุนุฑู ูุชุฑุฉ ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ ูู ุงูุชุทูุฑ ุงูู
ุจูุฑ ููุจุดุฑ ุจุงุณู
ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฌุฑู ุงููุฏูู
ุฃู ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฌุฑู ุงููุฏูู
. | ar | general | moderate |
Prehistoric paintings have been found in many parts of the world. | ุชู
ุงูุนุซูุฑ ุนูู ููุญุงุช ู
ุง ูุจู ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎ ูู ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ูุซูุฑุฉ ู
ู ุงูุนุงูู
. | ar | general | simple |
We do not really know if Lower Palaeolithic people ever produced any art objects. | ูุญู ูุง ูุนุฑู ุญููุง ู
ุง ุฅุฐุง ูุงู ุฃูุงุณ ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฌุฑู ุงููุฏูู
ุงูุณููู ูุฏ ุฃูุชุฌูุง ุฃู ุฃุดูุงุก ูููุฉ ุนูู ุงูุฅุทูุงู. | ar | general | moderate |
But by the Upper Palaeolithic times we see a proliferation of artistic activities. | ูููู ุจุญููู ุนุตูุฑ ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฌุฑู ุงููุฏูู
ุงูุนูููุ ูุฑู ุงูุชุดุงุฑูุง ููุฃูุดุทุฉ ุงููููุฉ. | ar | general | moderate |
Around the world the walls of many caves of this time are full of finely carved and painted pictures of animals which the cave-dwellers hunted. | ูู ุฌู
ูุน ุฃูุญุงุก ุงูุนุงูู
ุ ุชู
ุชูุฆ ุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงููููู ูู ูุฐุง ุงูููุช ุจุตูุฑ ู
ูุญูุชุฉ ูู
ูููุฉ ุจุฏูุฉ ููุญููุงูุงุช ุงูุชู ูุงู ุณูุงู ุงููููู ูุตุทุงุฏูููุง. | ar | general | complex |
The subjects of their drawings were human figures, human activities, geometric designs and animal symbols. | ูุงูุช ู
ูุถูุนุงุช ุฑุณูู
ุงุชูู
ูู ุงูุฃุดูุงู ุงูุจุดุฑูุฉ ูุงูุฃูุดุทุฉ ุงูุจุดุฑูุฉ ูุงูุชุตู
ูู
ุงุช ุงูููุฏุณูุฉ ูุฑู
ูุฒ ุงูุญููุงูุงุช. | ar | general | moderate |
In India the earliest paintings have been reported from the Upper Palaeolithic times. | ูู ุงูููุฏุ ุชู
ุงูุฅุจูุงุบ ุนู ุฃูุฏู
ุงูููุญุงุช ู
ู ุนุตูุฑ ุงูุนุตุฑ ุงูุญุฌุฑู ุงููุฏูู
ุงูุนููู. | ar | general | simple |
It is interesting to know that the first discovery of rock paintings was made in India in 1867โ68 by an archaeologist, Archibold Carlleyle, twelve years before the discovery of Altamira in Spain. | ู
ู ุงูู
ุซูุฑ ููุงูุชู
ุงู
ู
ุนุฑูุฉ ุฃู ุฃูู ุงูุชุดุงู ูููุญุงุช ุงูุตุฎุฑูุฉ ุชู
ูู ุงูููุฏ ูู 1867-68 ู
ู ูุจู ุนุงูู
ุงูุขุซุงุฑ ุฃุฑุดูุจููุฏ ูุงุฑูููุ ูุจู ุงุซูู ุนุดุฑ ุนุงู
ูุง ู
ู ุงูุชุดุงู ุฃูุชุงู
ูุฑุง ูู ุฅุณุจุงููุง. | ar | general | complex |
Cockburn, Anderson, Mitra and Ghosh were the early archaeologists who discovered a large number of sites in the Indian sub-continent. | ูุงู ูููุจูุฑู ูุฃูุฏุฑุณูู ูู
ูุชุฑุง ูุบูุด ู
ู ุนูู
ุงุก ุงูุขุซุงุฑ ุงูุฃูุงุฆู ุงูุฐูู ุงูุชุดููุง ุนุฏุฏูุง ูุจูุฑูุง ู
ู ุงูู
ูุงูุน ูู ุดุจู ุงููุงุฑุฉ ุงูููุฏูุฉ. | ar | general | moderate |
Remnants of rock paintings have been found on the walls of the caves situated in several districts of Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka and Bihar. | ุชู
ุงูุนุซูุฑ ุนูู ุจูุงูุง ู
ู ุงูููุญุงุช ุงูุตุฎุฑูุฉ ุนูู ุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงููููู ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู ุนุฏุฉ ู
ูุงุทุนุงุช ู
ู ููุงูุงุช ู
ุงุฏูุง ุจุฑุงุฏูุด ูุฃูุชุงุฑ ุจุฑุงุฏูุด ูุฃูุฏุฑุง ุจุฑุงุฏูุด ููุงุฑูุงุชุงูุง ูุจููุงุฑ. | ar | general | complex |
Some paintings have been reported from the Kumaon hills in Uttarakhand also. | ุชู
ุงูุฅุจูุงุบ ุฃูุถูุง ุนู ุจุนุถ ุงูููุญุงุช ู
ู ุชูุงู ููู
ุงูู ูู ุฃูุชุงุฑุงุฎุงูุฏ. | ar | general | simple |
The four gateways are decorated profusely with sculptures. | ุชูุฒูููููู ุงูุจููููุงุจุงุชู ุงูุฃูุฑุจูุนู ุจูููุซูุฑูุฉู ุจูุงูุชููู
ุงุซูู. | ar | art | moderate |
Buddha is shown symbolically as an empty throne, feet, chhatra , stupas, etc. | ููุตููููุฑู ุจูุฐุง ุฑูู
ูุฒููููุง ููุนูุฑูุดู ูุงุฑูุบูุ ูุฃูููุฏุงู
ูุ ููู
ูุธููููุฉูุ ููุฃูุจูุฑุงุฌูุ ููุบูููุฑู ุฐููููู. | ar | art | moderate |
Their stylistic differences indicate their possible chronology from the first century BCE onwards. | ุชูุดูุฑู ุงุฎูุชููุงูุงุชููุง ุงูุฃูุณููููุจููููุฉู ุฅูู ุชูุณูููุณููููุง ุงูุฒููู
ูููููู ุงูู
ูุญูุชูู
ููู ู
ููู ุงูููุฑููู ุงูุฃูููููู ููุจููู ุงูู
ูููุงุฏู ููุตุงุนูุฏูุง. | ar | art | complex |
The figures at Sanchi, despite being small in dimension, show considerable mastery of sculpting. | ุชูุธูููุฑู ุงูุชููู
ุงุซููู ูู ุณุงููุชุดูุ ุนูู ุงูุฑููุบูู
ู ู
ููู ุตูุบูุฑู ุญูุฌูู
ููุงุ ุฅูุชููุงููุง ููุจูุฑูุง ูู ุงููููุญูุชู. | ar | art | moderate |
Their physiognomictreatment of the body shows both depth and dimension which arevery naturalistic. | ุชูุธูููุฑู ู
ูุนุงููุฌูุชูููู
ูููููุฒูููููููููุฉู ุงูุฌูุณูุฏู ูููููุง ู
ููู ุงูุนูู
ููู ูุงูุฃูุจูุนุงุฏูุ ูููููู ุทูุจููุนููููุฉู ุฌูุฏููุง. | ar | art | complex |
There are guardian images on pillars and theshalbhanjika (i.e., lady holding the branch of a tree) sculptures are remarkable in their treatment of volume. | ุชููุฌูุฏู ุตูููุฑู ุญุงุฑูุณูุฉู ุนูู ุงูุฃูุนูู
ูุฏูุฉูุ ููุชูู
ุงุซููู ุงูุดููุงููุจุงููุฌูููุง (ุฃูููุ ุณููููุฏูุฉู ุชูู
ูุณููู ุจูููุฑูุนู ุดูุฌูุฑูุฉู) ู
ูููููุชูุฉู ููููููุธูุฑู ูู ู
ูุนุงููุฌูุชููุง ููููุญูุฌูู
ู. | ar | art | complex |
The rigidity of the earliersculptures of Stupa-2 is no more there. | ููู
ู ุชูุนูุฏู ุตููุงุจูุฉู ุงูุชููู
ุงุซููู ุงูุฃูููุฏูู
ู ููููุณููุชููุจูุฉู 2 ู
ูููุฌููุฏูุฉู. | ar | art | moderate |
Each torana consists of two vertical pillars and three horizontal bars on the top. | ููุชูููููููู ููููู ุชูููุฑุงููุง ู
ููู ุนูู
ููุฏููููู ุฑูุฃูุณูููููููู ููุซููุงุซูุฉู ููุถูุจุงูู ุฃููููููููุฉู ูู ุงูุฃูุนููู. | ar | art | simple |
Each horizontalbar is decorated with different sculptural themes on the front aswell as at the back. | ููุฒูููููู ููููู ููุถููุจู ุฃูููููููู ุจูู
ููุงุถููุนู ููุญูุชููููุฉู ู
ูุฎูุชูููููุฉู ูู ุงูุฃูู
ุงู
ู ููููุฐููููู ูู ุงูุฎููููู. | ar | art | moderate |
Supporting the extensions of the lowermosthorizontal bar from below are the images of shalbhanjikas. | ุชูุฏูุนูู
ู ุตูููุฑู ุงูุดููุงููุจุงููุฌูููุงุณู ุชูู
ูุฏููุฏูุงุชู ุงูููุถููุจู ุงูุฃูููููููู ุงูุฃูุณููููู ู
ููู ุงูุฃูุณููููู. | ar | art | complex |
Mathura was a great centre for making sculptures during the early historic period and many images have been found here. | ูุงูุช ู
ุงุซูุฑุง ู
ูุฑูููุฒูุง ุนูุธููู
ูุง ููุตูููุนู ุงูุชููู
ุงุซููู ุฎููุงูู ุงูููุชูุฑูุฉู ุงูุชููุงุฑููุฎููููุฉู ุงูู
ูุจููููุฑูุฉูุ ููููุฏู ุนูุซูุฑู ุนูู ุตูููุฑู ููุซูุฑูุฉู ูููุง. | ar | art | moderate |
A large number of images dating back to the Kushana Period is from Mathura. | ููุนูุฏู ุนูุฏูุฏู ููุจูุฑู ู
ููู ุงูุตููููุฑู ุฅูู ุนูุตูุฑู ูููุดุงูุง ูููููู ู
ููู ู
ุงุซูุฑุง. | ar | art | simple |
The image of the Buddha from the Katra mound belongs to the second century CE. | ุชูุนููุฏู ุตููุฑูุฉู ุจูุฐุง ู
ููู ุชูููู ูุงุชูุฑุง ุฅูู ุงูููุฑููู ุงูุซููุงููู ุงูู
ูููุงุฏููู. | ar | art | simple |
It represents the Buddha with two Boddhisattva attendants. | ุชูู
ูุซูููู ุจูุฐุง ู
ูุนู ู
ูุฑุงูููููููู ู
ููู ุงูุจููุฏููููููุงุชู. | ar | art | simple |
The Buddha is seated in padmasana (cross-folded legs) and the right hand is in the abhayamudra, raised a little above the shoulder level whereas the left hand is placed on the left thigh. | ููุฌูููุณู ุจูุฐุง ูู ููุถูุนููููุฉู ุจุงุฏูู
ุงุณุงูุง (ุฃูุฑูุฌููู ู
ูุชููุงุทูุนูุฉู) ููุงูููุฏู ุงูููู
ููู ูู ุฃูุจููุงูุงู
ููุฏูุฑุงุ ู
ูุฑูุชูููุนูุฉู ููููููุง ูููููู ู
ูุณูุชููู ุงูููุชูููุ ูู ุญูููู ุฃูููู ุงูููุฏู ุงูููุณูุฑู ู
ูููุถููุนูุฉู ุนูู ุงูููุฎูุฐู ุงูููุณูุฑู. | ar | art | complex |
The ushanisha, i.e., hair knot, is shown with a vertically raised projection. | ููุธูููุฑู ุงูุฃููุดูุงูููุดุงุ ุฃูููุ ุนูููุฏูุฉู ุงูุดููุนูุฑูุ ุจูููุชููุกู ู
ูุฑูุชูููุนู ุนูู
ููุฏููููุง. | ar | art | moderate |
Mathura sculptures from this period are made with light volume having fleshy body. | ุชูุตูููุนู ุชู
ุงุซููู ู
ุงุซูุฑุง ู
ููู ููุฐููู ุงูููุชูุฑูุฉู ุจูุญูุฌูู
ู ุฎูููููู ููุฌูุณูุฏู ููุญูู
ูููู. | ar | art | moderate |
The shoulders are broad. | ุงูุฃูููุชุงูู ุนูุฑููุถูุฉู. | ar | art | simple |
The sanghati (garment) covers only one shoulder and has been made prominently visible covering the left hand whereas while covering the torso, the independent volume of the garment is reduced to the body torso. | ุชูุบูุทูู ุงูุณููุงููุบุงุชู (ุงููููุจุงุณู) ููุชูููุง ูุงุญูุฏูุง ููููุทูุ ููููุฏู ุฌูุนูููุชู ูุงุถูุญูุฉู ุจูุดููููู ุจุงุฑูุฒูุ ูููููู ุชูุบูุทูู ุงูููุฏู ุงูููุณูุฑูุ ูู ุญูููู ุฃูููููุง ุนูููุฏู ุชูุบูุทูููุฉู ุงูุฌูุฐูุนูุ ููุชููููููุตู ุงูุญูุฌูู
ู ุงูู
ูุณูุชูููููู ูููููุจุงุณู ุฅูู ุฌูุฐูุนู ุงูุฌูุณูุฏู. | ar | art | complex |
The Buddha is seated on a lion throne. | ููุฌูููุณู ุจูุฐุง ุนูู ุนูุฑูุดู ุฃูุณูุฏู. | ar | art | simple |
The artisan skillfully carved intricate designs into the stone. | ูุงู
ุงูุญุฑูู ุจูุญุช ุชุตุงู
ูู
ู
ุนูุฏุฉ ุจู
ูุงุฑุฉ ูู ุงูุญุฌุฑ. | ar | general | moderate |
The temple's architecture reflects a blend of different cultural influences. | ุชุนูุณ ููุฏุณุฉ ุงูู
ุนุจุฏ ู
ุฒูุฌูุง ู
ู ุงูุชุฃุซูุฑุงุช ุงูุซูุงููุฉ ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ. | ar | general | moderate |
The museum houses a vast collection of ancient artifacts. | ูุถู
ุงูู
ุชุญู ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ูุจูุฑุฉ ู
ู ุงููุทุน ุงูุฃุซุฑูุฉ ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ. | ar | general | simple |
The artist used vibrant colors to depict the bustling marketplace. | ุงุณุชุฎุฏู
ุงูููุงู ุฃููุงููุง ูุงุจุถุฉ ุจุงูุญูุงุฉ ูุชุตููุฑ ุงูุณูู ุงูุตุงุฎุจ. | ar | general | moderate |
The intricate details of the sculpture were admired by all. | ุฃุนุฌุจ ุงูุฌู
ูุน ุจุงูุชูุงุตูู ุงูู
ุนูุฏุฉ ูููุญุช. | ar | general | simple |
The historical significance of the site is immense. | ุงูุฃูู
ูุฉ ุงูุชุงุฑูุฎูุฉ ููู
ููุน ูุงุฆูุฉ. | ar | general | simple |
The ancient texts provide valuable insights into the past. | ุชููุฑ ุงููุตูุต ุงููุฏูู
ุฉ ุฑุคู ููู
ุฉ ูู ุงูู
ุงุถู. | ar | general | moderate |
The architectural style of the building is unique. | ุงููู
ุท ุงูู
ุนู
ุงุฑู ููู
ุจูู ูุฑูุฏ ู
ู ููุนู. | ar | general | simple |
The use of semi-precious stones added to the beauty of the artwork. | ุฃุถุงู ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงูุฃุญุฌุงุฑ ุดุจู ุงููุฑูู
ุฉ ุฅูู ุฌู
ุงู ุงูุนู
ู ุงูููู. | ar | general | moderate |
The artist's skill was evident in every brushstroke. | ูุงูุช ู
ูุงุฑุฉ ุงูููุงู ูุงุถุญุฉ ูู ูู ุถุฑุจุฉ ูุฑุดุงุฉ. | ar | general | simple |
The preservation of cultural heritage is of utmost importance. | ุงูุญูุงุธ ุนูู ุงูุชุฑุงุซ ุงูุซูุงูู ูู ุฃูู
ูุฉ ูุตูู. | ar | general | moderate |
The exhibition showcased a wide range of artistic styles. | ุนุฑุถ ุงูู
ุนุฑุถ ู
ุฌู
ูุนุฉ ูุงุณุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุฃุณุงููุจ ุงููููุฉ. | ar | general | simple |
The influence of religious beliefs is apparent in the art. | ุชุฃุซูุฑ ุงูู
ุนุชูุฏุงุช ุงูุฏูููุฉ ูุงุถุญ ูู ุงููู. | ar | general | moderate |
The intricate patterns on the walls were mesmerizing. | ูุงูุช ุงูุฃูู
ุงุท ุงูู
ุนูุฏุฉ ุนูู ุงูุฌุฏุฑุงู ุณุงุญุฑุฉ. | ar | general | simple |
The study of art history provides a deeper understanding of human civilization. | ูููุฑ ุฏุฑุงุณุฉ ุชุงุฑูุฎ ุงููู ููู
ูุง ุฃุนู
ู ููุญุถุงุฑุฉ ุงูุฅูุณุงููุฉ. | ar | general | complex |
The use of symbolism adds layers of meaning to the artwork. | ูุถูู ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงูุฑู
ุฒูุฉ ุทุจูุงุช ู
ู ุงูู
ุนูู ุฅูู ุงูุนู
ู ุงูููู. | ar | general | moderate |
The artist's interpretation of the subject was unique and thought-provoking. | ูุงูุช ุฑุคูุฉ ุงูููุงู ููู
ูุถูุน ูุฑูุฏุฉ ู
ู ููุนูุง ูู
ุซูุฑุฉ ููุชูููุฑ. | ar | general | complex |
The restoration project aimed to preserve the ancient structure. | ูุฏู ู
ุดุฑูุน ุงูุชุฑู
ูู
ุฅูู ุงูุญูุงุธ ุนูู ุงููููู ุงููุฏูู
. | ar | general | moderate |
The cultural exchange between different regions is reflected in the art. | ุชูุนูุณ ุงูุชุจุงุฏูุงุช ุงูุซูุงููุฉ ุจูู ุงูู
ูุงุทู ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉ ูู ุงููู. | ar | general | complex |
The legacy of the past continues to inspire artists today. | ูุณุชู
ุฑ ุฅุฑุซ ุงูู
ุงุถู ูู ุฅููุงู
ุงูููุงููู ุงูููู
. | ar | general | moderate |
The temples at Khajuraho are all made of sandstone. | ู
ุนุงุจุฏ ุฎุงุฌูุฑุงูู ูููุง ู
ุตููุนุฉ ู
ู ุงูุญุฌุฑ ุงูุฑู
ูู. | ar | general | simple |
They were patronised by the Chandella dynasty. | ูุงูุช ุชุญุช ุฑุนุงูุฉ ุณูุงูุฉ ุชุดุงูุฏููุง. | ar | history | simple |
The Lakshmana temple represents the full-fledged, developed style of temple architecture during the time of the Chandellas. | ูู
ุซู ู
ุนุจุฏ ูุงูุดู
ุงูุง ุงููู
ุท ุงูู
ุชุทูุฑ ูุงูู
ุชูุงู
ู ูุนู
ุงุฑุฉ ุงูู
ุนุจุฏ ูู ุนูุฏ ุชุดุงูุฏููุงุณ. | ar | history | moderate |
Its construction was completed by 954, the year as per the inscription found at the base of the temple. | ุงูุชู
ู ุจูุงุคู ุนุงู
954ุ ููู ุงูุนุงู
ุงูู
ุฐููุฑ ูู ุงูููุด ุงูู
ูุฌูุฏ ูู ูุงุนุฏุฉ ุงูู
ุนุจุฏ. | ar | history | moderate |
The temple plan is of a panchayana type. | ุฎุทุฉ ุงูู
ุนุจุฏ ู
ู ุงูููุน ุงูุจุงูุดุงูุงูุง. | ar | architecture | moderate |
The outer walls of the garbhagriha and the outer and inner walls around the circumambulatory path are decorated with sculptures. | ุงูุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ูู garbhagriha ูุงูุฌุฏุฑุงู ุงูุฎุงุฑุฌูุฉ ูุงูุฏุงุฎููุฉ ุญูู ู
ุณุงุฑ ุงูุทูุงู ู
ุฒููุฉ ุจู
ูุญูุชุงุช. | ar | architecture | complex |
The Khajuraho temples are also known for their erotic sculptures. | ุชุดุชูุฑ ู
ุนุงุจุฏ ุฎุงุฌูุฑุงูู ุฃูุถูุง ุจู
ูุญูุชุงุชูุง ุงูู
ุซูุฑุฉ. | ar | history | simple |
Many erotic sculptures are carved on the plinth wall. | ุงูุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูู
ูุญูุชุงุช ุงูู
ุซูุฑุฉ ู
ูุญูุชุฉ ุนูู ุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงููุงุนุฏุฉ. | ar | art | simple |
Some erotic sculptures are carved on the actual wall of the temple. | ุจุนุถ ุงูู
ูุญูุชุงุช ุงูู
ุซูุฑุฉ ู
ูุญูุชุฉ ุนูู ุงูุฌุฏุงุฑ ุงููุนูู ููู
ุนุจุฏ. | ar | art | simple |
The interior halls are also decorated profusely. | ูู
ุง ุฃู ุงููุงุนุงุช ุงูุฏุงุฎููุฉ ู
ุฒููุฉ ุจุบุฒุงุฑุฉ. | ar | architecture | simple |
An image of Chaturmukha Vishnu is in the garbhagriha. | ุตูุฑุฉ ุชุดุงุชูุฑู
ูุฎุง ููุดูู ู
ูุฌูุฏุฉ ูู garbhagriha. | ar | religion | moderate |
There are four shrines in each corner of the temple. | ููุงู ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃุถุฑุญุฉ ูู ูู ุฑูู ู
ู ุฃุฑูุงู ุงูู
ุนุจุฏ. | ar | architecture | simple |
Drapery and ornaments are given a lot of attention. | ูููู ุงูุชู
ุงู
ูุจูุฑ ููุณุชุงุฆุฑ ูุงูุญูู. | ar | art | simple |
We have focussed on the dominant art styles and some of the most famous monuments from different parts of India in the medieval period. | ููุฏ ุฑูุฒูุง ุนูู ุฃูู
ุงุท ุงููู ุงูุณุงุฆุฏุฉ ูุจุนุถ ุฃุดูุฑ ุงูู
ุนุงูู
ู
ู ุฃุฌุฒุงุก ู
ุฎุชููุฉ ู
ู ุงูููุฏ ูู ุงูุนุตูุฑ ุงููุณุทู. | ar | history | moderate |
These large projects would have brought architects, builders, sculptors and painters together. | ูุงูุช ูุฐู ุงูู
ุดุงุฑูุน ุงููุจูุฑุฉ ุณุชุฌู
ุน ุงูู
ููุฏุณูู ุงูู
ุนู
ุงุฑููู ูุงูุจูุงุฆูู ูุงููุญุงุชูู ูุงูุฑุณุงู
ูู ู
ุนูุง. | ar | art | moderate |
Through them we can surmise what their buildings were like, what types of clothes they wore and above all we can use the art material to reconstruct the history of their religions. | ู
ู ุฎูุงููู
ูู
ูููุง ุฃู ูุฎู
ู ููู ูุงูุช ู
ุจุงูููู
ุ ูุฃููุงุน ุงูู
ูุงุจุณ ุงูุชู ูุงููุง ูุฑุชุฏูููุงุ ููุจู ูู ุดูุก ูู
ูููุง ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู
ุงูู
ูุงุฏ ุงููููุฉ ูุฅุนุงุฏุฉ ุจูุงุก ุชุงุฑูุฎ ุฏูุงูุงุชูู
. | ar | history | complex |
Hinduism, Buddhism and Jainism each have a plethora of gods and goddesses, and this was the period when bhakti and tantra โ two major developments, affected them. | ููู ู
ู ุงูููุฏูุณูุฉ ูุงูุจูุฐูุฉ ูุงูุฌุงูููุฉ ุนุฏุฏ ูุจูุฑ ู
ู ุงูุขููุฉ ูุงูุฅููุงุชุ ููุงูุช ูุฐู ูู ุงููุชุฑุฉ ุงูุชู ุฃุซุฑุช ูููุง ุจูุงูุชู ูุชุงูุชุฑุง - ููู
ุง ุชุทูุฑุงู ุฑุฆูุณูุงู - ุนูููู
. | ar | religion | complex |
Temples also became a space for many other art forms, such as music and dance and, from the tenth century onwards, temples became large landowners as kings and feudal lords gave them land for their maintenance once and upkeep, and performed an administrative role as well. | ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงูู
ุนุงุจุฏ ุฃูุถูุง ู
ุณุงุญุฉ ููุนุฏูุฏ ู
ู ุงูุฃุดูุงู ุงููููุฉ ุงูุฃุฎุฑูุ ู
ุซู ุงูู
ูุณููู ูุงูุฑูุตุ ูู
ู ุงููุฑู ุงูุนุงุดุฑ ูุตุงุนุฏูุงุ ุฃุตุจุญุช ุงูู
ุนุงุจุฏ ู
ูุงููุง ูุจุงุฑูุง ููุฃุฑุงุถู ุญูุซ ู
ูุญูู
ุงูู
ููู ูุงูุฅูุทุงุนููู ุงูุฃุฑุงุถู ูุตูุงูุชูู
ูุฑุนุงูุชูู
ุ ููุงู
ูุง ุจุฏูุฑ ุฅุฏุงุฑู ุฃูุถูุง. | ar | history | complex |
Find any temple or monastery in or around your town and note down its important features such as different artchitectural features, sculptural style, identification of images, dynastic affiliation and patronage. | ุงุจุญุซ ุนู ุฃู ู
ุนุจุฏ ุฃู ุฏูุฑ ูู ุจูุฏุชู ุฃู ุญูููุง ููู
ุจุชุฏููู ู
ูุฒุงุชู ุงููุงู
ุฉ ู
ุซู ุงูู
ูุฒุงุช ุงูู
ุนู
ุงุฑูุฉ ุงูู
ุฎุชููุฉุ ูุงูุฃุณููุจ ุงููุญุชูุ ูุชุญุฏูุฏ ุงูุตูุฑุ ูุงูุงูุชู
ุงุก ุงูุณูุงูู ูุงูุฑุนุงูุฉ. | ar | general | moderate |
Mark out all the places discussed in this chapter on a map of India. | ุญุฏุฏ ุฌู
ูุน ุงูุฃู
ุงูู ุงูุชู ุชู
ุช ู
ูุงูุดุชูุง ูู ูุฐุง ุงููุตู ุนูู ุฎุฑูุทุฉ ุงูููุฏ. | ar | general | simple |
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