id
stringlengths 8
90
| text
stringlengths 528
58.1k
| page_name
stringlengths 2
99
| topic
stringclasses 15
values | subtopic
stringclasses 45
values | subjects_top_term
stringclasses 279
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18679_AVeryGleeChristmas | glee christmas glee christmas tenth episode second season american musical television series glee thirty second episode overall written series creator directed premiered fox december served mid season finale season nearly months episode aired featured trying girlfriend brittany belief intact sue rigging faculty secret santa gift exchange gets gifts later gifts episode features seven songs come television special stole christmas creators glee received permission estate use characters stole christmas allowed use promotional photographs songs featured episode released glee music christmas album weeks prior airing including baby cold outside debuted number seven billboard hot episode aired despite having released separately single welcome christmas song chart episode aired song episode album released single debuted number thirty seven canadian hot episode received generally positive reviews critics judged different criteria normal holiday episode music fared somewhat better especially rendition baby cold outside duet kurt extensively praised initial airing episode viewed hair million american viewers received nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings episode previous episode special education watched week million american viewers received rating share demographic plot faculty hold secret santa gift exchange coach selection process ensure receives gifts glee club director sends club carol school raise money local homeless charity met abuse students staff alike return handed ohio member sings duet baby cold outside friend help christmas spectacular visits kurt seek advice gift sue kurt reveals fallen love glee club captain lea_michele twice attempts estranged boyfriend cory_monteith upset cheated best friend officially ends relationship club member discovers girlfriend believes encourages members visit christmas help reinforce belief dismay brittany asks santa restore ability walk agrees hoping maintain faith convinces football coach shannon dot marie jones brittany house dressed santa explain particular wish granted santa visit success brittany loses christmas spirit later finds gift underneath christmas tree mobility device allows stand walk assistance demonstrates glee club brittany tells group come santa coach secretly observes demonstration faculty members discover sue deception reclaim gifts intention homeless charity sue dresses favorite cheerleader potter max steals presents choir room christmas decorations club members stunned theft destruction encourages private performance faculty proves successful charitable donations sue performance welcome christmas comes regret actions returns presents apartment brings members new christmas tree spread holiday cheer production episode written series creator directed creators glee received permission estate use characters stole christmas allowed use promotional photographs recurring characters episode include glee club members school football coach shannon cheerleader potter lead singer glee christmas features cover versions seven christmas songs wonderful day year performed need little christmas amber riley lead vocals baby cold outside sung merry christmas sung christmas sung welcome christmas stole christmas song stole christmas heard episode arrangement mean lyric modified sue christmas released previously charity single late included glee music christmas album welcome christmas released single available digital download separately album includes remaining tracks additional songs heard episode different version mean recorded album featured morrison original lyric reception ratings glee christmas broadcast december united_states fox earned nielsen rating share demographic received hair million american viewers initial airing won demographic cbs minute win nbc charlie brown christmas special abc tree hill total viewership ratings episode previous episode special education watched million american viewers received rating share demographic airing television november canada million viewers watched episode ranked fifth week slight increase million viewers watched special education previous week ranked second week australia episode aired christmas new year episode australian broadcast february drew viewers glee seventeenth watched program night failed place weekly viewership rankings viewership registered steep fall previous episode special education attracted million viewers aired january ranked seventh week episode watched million viewers million watched cable week lowest viewed episode season far special education previous week received million viewers critical reception episode received generally positive reviews critics judged different criteria normal holiday episode atlantic called maintained exactly want christmas colleague wrote holiday episodes dangerous line sweet episode splits difference perfectly title article wrote glee christmas cheesy charming found echoes reviews los_angeles_times daily_news thought episode cheesy characterized good kind cheese kind eat bring beef christmas dinner line wonderful episode year feature moments like trimmed family tree time james_poniewozik enthusiastic noted glee delivered episode touched holiday bases felt added generally robert_canning ign gave great stated episode lacking bit turn absolute classic todd_vanderwerff gave episode wrote guess thought episode worked moment moment working overall narrative stated positively filled stupid moments wrote hour brittany belief new_york_post called realized actress heather morris canning said perfectly played brittany innocence joy surrounding santa brown enthusiastic wrote look dumb kind hearted brittany plots approved brittany said way fun watch rachel finn angst canning felt episode heart working brittany disillusioned santa wrote shining storyline scene santa knowing expression watched walk best moments episode burns agreed coach performance bearer harsh reality moving nice acting refreshing character vulnerability agreed said jones remarkable taking ridiculous moment glee thrown finding true emotion core glee best disappointed storyline played didn feel right story episode built brittany felt needed feet truly happy ending houston_chronicle critical tedious forth canning wrote thing dragged episode rachel trying win finn asked care rachel finn point later stated nice christmas glad finn didn fall noted finn lines episode counted critics widely views sue storyline wrote cartoon character called sue destruction choir room fun little parody watch added grand scheme pretty damn good episode distraction worried role sue big fat joke canning noted shift tone sue evil sue enjoyed attempt secret santa said fun reason love hate felt perfect frame physical humor think base tree belly sing called sue transformation pretty amusing watch admitted doubted able resist urge classic role called brittany unexpected clever surprisingly touching reviewers commented favorably playing max including canning wrote worth realize max sue entertainment_weekly declared totally love little hilarious music performances episode musical performances received generally good marks canning described average song selection wrote literally thousands holiday songs choose ones sung glee christmas santa magic reviewers commented songs performances including christmas canning described terrible song season stated loved called wonderful day year perfectly pleasant opening sing tree canning deemed episode successful song added great tone rest episode hadn focused heartbreak hate harper said song got episode right holiday foot stack gave wrote performance felt like beginning real holiday musical little cheesy kind charming sweet song need little christmas declared fun short added thing number teaches mercedes carry number better finish stack said little taste included sounded promising harper totally loved song kurt duet baby cold outside received reviews songs greatest praise called far away favorite song episode stack declared complete total highlight episode best moments second season gave said best musical number described performed sweet wonderfully choreographed added bold atlantic enthusiastic brown said kurt sexy duet near perfect vocals choreography gave real chance shine burns called rolling_stone wrote sweet harmonies ideal romantic tension harper wasn feeling chemistry felt performance little noted voices like enthusiastic gave song felt missing rendition sang number sleep kind sounds like rachel performance merry christmas good reception wrote nails sentiment restrained love past rachel phase singing ballads watching bliss called nice fun voice thing wonder gave song added weary rachel face stack gave said great job usual noted wasn favored holiday song reviewers actually discussed rachel finn performance christmas stack enthusiastic gave grades respectively called fun songs episode described performance fun great production design felt vocals bit diva esque simple pop tune noted sweet moments songs stole christmas featured episode vocal mean sung based version song artist sue havoc choir room confused reviewers thought sung lynch said thoroughly enjoyable gave song approved change lyrics sue harper approved change admitted thought lynch sung google set straight called song fitting moment fell bit short fully realized second song welcome christmas welcomed reviewers described lovely gave harper noted song sung like real glee club people getting individually characterized note perfect performance wrote layered harmonies simple sentiment christmas long glee tie episode bow came chart history christmas songs featured episode released glee music christmas album weeks prior airing exceptions welcome christmas appear album released single christmas album originally released charity single year episode aired song billboard hot baby cold outside debuted number seven episode aired despite having released separately single jumped number thirty number seven billboard chart week debuted number canadian hot welcome christmas debuted number hot number thirty seven canadian hot christmas charted december debuted number hot number canadian hot december reappeared number thirty chart alongside baby cold outside welcome christmas songs episode album reached number billboard chart sold million copies certified platinum | A Very Glee Christmas | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
19164_Mattress(Glee) | glee known twelfth episode american television series glee episode premiered fox network december written series creator directed glee club discovers going omitted school club member lea_michele team cast local commercial attempt raise social status glee club director discovers wife pregnancy episode features cover versions songs studio recordings released singles available digital download included album glee music volume watched million viewers glee series high point received mixed reviews critics conclusion fake pregnancy storyline attracted praise morrison acting zap2it expressed dismay songs performed wall_street_journal deemed jump memorable song episode plot coach convinces include photograph glee club school previous years glee club photographs heavily library copy fellow students club director personally buys section advertising space book photograph featuring members included fearing club rachel lea_michele represent photograph rachel convinces finn cory_monteith appear alongside teased peers drops school photographer soon direct commercial brother law local store owner rachel convinces cast glee club believing local celebrity status prevent students mocking dismayed learn close friend guidance counselor arranged marry fiancé football coach day glee club compete goes discover wife lying months supposed pregnancy actually experienced pregnancy hid truth wearing pregnancy pad clothes planning secretly adopt quinn baby walks spends night school sleeping given glee club payment commercial sue informs club receiving payment commercial amateur status eligibility compete quinn trying convince sue let appear photographs despite removed team pregnancy reminds sue coach given render ineligible competition demands sue sacrifice pages glee club sue agrees accepts quinn team quinn tells longer wishes cheerleader announces accompanying club accepted payment allowed compete involvement glee club group photograph taken copy library subsequently hockey player football player production written series creator directed recurring characters appear episode glee club members brittany rivera football coach local news anchors hockey player football player guest stars school photographer dennis plays brother law store owner episode features cover versions smile jump smile smiling studio recordings songs smiling released singles available digital download included album glee music volume deemed jump favorite songs album explaining fun perform comparing proud mary performed episode wheels utilized props referred confrontation described sad shoot morrison invested storyline explained hope conveyed child inside fear commented viewers wondering taking long discover actually pregnant explaining think people asking slow guy finally reflects fully evolved human puts noted emma believes couple think loves people crazy things deep deep obviously flawed think love heart fan reaction character previously resulted backlash found tough hoped episode fans joined team reception watched million viewers glee series high television season time original broadcast achieved rating share demographic season high time rating share adults series high highest rating demographic night broadcast canada ninth watched week broadcast attaining million viewers episode received mixed reviews critics entertainment_weekly wrote felt like step forward week place hair toss called poignant ending glee best contrast new_york_times wrote glee appeared taking break ahead midseason finale episode zap2it relieved brought fake pregnancy storyline end noted episode conclusion storyline come sooner songs featured houston_chronicle called episode pretty good noting wasn crazy songs enjoyed plot development particularly confrontation wall_street_journal happy convoluted fake pregnancy storyline end called performance jump lively stunts incredible wrote memorable song episode los_angeles_times noted previous reviews shy disdain hatred vanished lie praising confrontation mtv praised actors especially devastated having nailed scary sad life altering moment deemed jump delightful musical number date | Mattress (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
19754_Rumours(Glee) | rumours glee rumours nineteenth episode second season american musical television series glee overall episode written series creator directed aired fox united_states features return guest star rumours glee club swept rumors strain friendships relationships members director perform songs album rumours episode tribute album songs covered episode generated strong interest album rumours billboard chart number week aired australian album charts number days aired country episode received mixed reviews critics los_angeles_times wrote episode moments glee fun called sue subplot tired critics impressed album music incorporated episode including rolling_stone wrote songs rumours fit drama organic way segments favorite reviewers developed idea fans musical performances received praise especially going way rumours cover versions debuted billboard hot featured subsequent glee music volume soundtrack album initial airing rumours episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings episode slightly previous episode born way plot coach student newspaper wants publish libel high glee club cause conflict club members destroy brittany new internet talk gives newspaper rivera brittany ill chosen words finn cory_monteith nearly comes blows sam chord item pairs sam finn girlfriend quinn quinn sam deny dating finn plans rachel help true surveillance instead finds sam kurt leaving room sam goes inside april rhodes visits ask help new broadway project woman entitled tells current glee club tensions rumours album april sing dreams club assigns perform songs album focus music confronts brittany upset brittany recognize cheating calls stupid brittany walks away tears sings going opens brittany true feelings singing agrees brittany online talk let brittany ask backs minute brittany later claim interview love running mate king queen minus kurt sam meet coffee speculate absent pair quinn maintains kurt cheat boyfriend states sam gay finn rachel resume night quinn leaving room sam giving going inside day newspaper item finn rachel spotted quinn furious finn finn mad seeing quinn sam confront sing barbed version duet don want know glee club assignment quinn gives ultimatum finn wants relationship continue sing rachel rachel ideas later sings way finn accompanies drums subsequent end revelation sam parents unemployed family lives house kurt bringing sam clothes quinn helping sam younger brother sister sam storms club discovers quinn sam guitar buy offer support sam brings siblings glee club rehearsal sings don stop production creators long wanted episode tribute single album musical act glee covered landslide weeks earlier episode sexy visited set watch song filmed stayed hours relationship helped obtain rights cover songs studio album episode named idea brittany segments episode came glee fan went glee live concert new_york letter delivered cory_monteith mentioned writing internet program like youtube called according heather morris plays brittany admits idea came letter later sent copy script cast picture thanks marks time series april appeared season episode home murphy explained reason return failure attempt white musical production recurring guest stars episode include glee club members school bully school reporter cheerleader potter additional guests include sam sister brother played respectively played coffee shop patron played songs rumours covered episode released singles available digital download morrison featured dreams sang going rivera covered don want know sang way glee club combined don stop episode included portion original song nice meet slept written sung morrison released chain rumours backing music second scene reception ratings rumours broadcast united_states fox garnered nielsen rating share demographic received million american viewers initial airing watched scripted week adults aged total viewership ratings episode slightly previous episode born way watched million american viewers acquired rating share demographic airing episode canadian broadcast drew million viewers eighteenth watched program week dropped places previous episode attained viewers australia rumours watched viewers glee twelfth watched night episode thirty second watched program week ranked fifth demographic viewership increased born way drew viewers ranked fourteenth night broadcast episode watched million viewers million watched week second watched cable viewership registered slight decline previous episode attained viewers ranked cable critical response rumours met mixed favorable reviews critics listed significant los_angeles_times wrote episode moments glee fun mtv said wasn perfect episode certainly improvement cnn ball tissue hand time cast sang don stop finale concluded played glee time james_poniewozik said rumours flaws structure allowed serve stories feeling like stories service songs particularly praised songs integrated drama rolling_stone concurred point wrote despite forced theme premise songs rumours fit drama organic way atlantic called episode focus songs refreshing change pace robert_canning ign liked album concept felt didn fully deliver gave rumours good rating wrote episode mildly entertaining comedy bits brittany segments fantastic reviewers similarly segments including aforementioned praised return character april rhodes wall_street_journal said brings humor button nose cute wrote sly note sung week highlight acknowledged amazing pipes added character thin start kind worn welcome subplot thinking going broadway april criticized atlantic houston_chronicle said tension viewer knows stay zack_handlen called entire scenario highly compressed time frame dress rehearsal bizarre criticisms echoed brown sue scenes generally liked canning wrote newspaper delivered laughs entertainment_weekly characterized newspaper subplot important substantive unimpressed random frightening costume changes said sue storyline felt tired news said episode recognized character human obstacle suggested better way use according best parts episode centered brittany think finn rachel quinn great job portraying tension distrust team felt matter rumors said episode decent scene room sam rachel finn sam brother sister called arguably affecting scene entire episode handlen wrote chord sold sam feeling loss canning felt better impact cared sam delivered believable tears things ordinary drama developments relationship brittany received considerable attention buddytv thought plot pointless said boiled ready come ready added going question don happen screen impressed acting morris rivera wrote feels like relationship developing commended morris brittany breakup scene rivera far surpassing expectations music performances musical numbers generally praised number received enthusiasm disappointed special arrangements saw performances different perspective visually stunning vocally impressive renditions glee season said dreams rendition morrison harmonies bare bones arrangement glee faithful covers critics welcomed version gave song vanity_fair awarded stars praised criticized morrison simply gave wondered pair trying imitate felt better singers gave song wrote enjoyed smaller numbers tonight felt like kids sold performances infused nice emotional context going received consistent approval said better post tina stronger declared proof good hitting emotional notes said blown away gave gave stars gave stars gave slightly generous described vocals raw restrained called rendition song heartbreaking performance called sweet wrote rivera voice doesn pack punch tune requires said easily best song episode reviewers appreciated pointed don want know performance called entertaining felt angry singing hot gave grade said song bit original added finn sings subtlety artillery barrage happy quinn strong foundation wrote better quinn sam lucky gave song stars grade gave way criticized rachel motivations singing song gave noted listen cover song called lea_michele strongest season said rare times balls walls delivery works arrangement instead distracting gave particularly fond song added great energy group finale don stop received good grades stars found bright spot sam got sing solo performance received pretty great inspired portion original song april rhodes musical sung april nice meet slept received little commentary specific mention range charismatic stage presence chart history rumours cover versions debuted billboard hot way debuted number number don stop number seventy going number eighty dreams number ninety sixth don want know chart glee songs hot charted hot way debuted number thirty don stop number number seventy going number eighty peak positions attained way thirty australia respectively songs rumours featured episode featured eighth soundtrack album series glee music volume don stop way dreams episode sparked renewed interest commercially successful album rumours billboard chart number week new solo album dreams debuted number recordings sold little units respectively music downloads accounted ninety percent rumours sales spike sales rumours represented highest chart entry previously issued album reissue exile entered chart number june australia interest profound effect days episode aired rumours album entered australian charts number number following week sales came digital downloads album consecutive weeks rumours received certification australia end | Rumours (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
19868_JourneytoRegionals | journey second episode season finale american television series glee episode written directed series creator premiered fox network june journey performs celebrity judges club member quinn gives birth daughter rival glee club coach adopts captains finn cory_monteith rachel lea_michele reunite director love guidance counselor comes competition sue persuades club year episode features cover versions songs seven included glee music journey released june album charted number america setting record shortest span weeks billboard different releases charting weeks soundtrack album glee music volume reached number journey episode glee musical performances released singles tracks charted billboard hot canadian hot journey watched million american viewers attained highest finale rating new television season episode watched scripted week broadcast demographic received generally positive reviews critics todd_vanderwerff deemed best entire season time felt episode return glee roots renewal second season contrast vanity_fair felt journey mediocre episode mtv found uneven representative season plot episode begins flashback night lost sex bed unbeknownst boyfriend coach announces judges local news anchor glee club members worry new directions soon disbanded stands requirement glee club place continue despite director sue attempting sabotage turns guidance counselor reveals begun dating rachel lea_michele kisses finn cory_monteith encourages optimistic perform singing mash magic raise gives talk finn love rachel going stage club pays tribute journey performing mash way want don stop quinn mother comes watch quinn perform tells quinn kicked father house found having affair invites quinn come home quinn informs water broken rushed hospital gives birth girl members accompany quinn hospital rachel stays watch performance bohemian asks coach biological mother help coach tells rachel tired coaching glee clubs stepping vocal adrenaline coach settle start family adopts quinn baby names request pre vote discussion celebrity judges insult sue lack fame intensity named runner wins coming emma argues club future remains intent disbanding failed place accepted loss love emma kisses sue new directions performance sir love appreciation help grow revealed sue voted win agreed end blackmail exchange giving year prove win explains like respects work students tells club extension performs israel version rainbow celebration production journey filmed april fans glee invited facebook twitter attend filming beverly_hills california episode reprise roles earlier season appearing judge round choir competition alongside sue series creator explained theme celebrity judges sue nationwide celebrity olivia like sing songs funny wanted played people think play type gave opportunity funny sue judge doesn know music glee club recurring characters appear episode glee club members rivera brittany heather morris lead singer coach rachel birth mother quinn mother emma new love interest appear episode major character early second season played emma kiss journey chose inform planned ensure authenticity reaction glee music containing songs episode released june features cover versions journey don stop mash way want bohemian queen sir love rainbow israel debuted number billboard selling copies number canadian albums_chart selling copies entered irish albums chart number climbing number second week release fourth glee cast release irish charts america cast number album charting weeks glee music volume beating record shortest span weeks position different releases previously held glee music power madonna volume episode glee musical performances released singles despite tracks charted billboard hot canadian hot highest charting number rainbow number canada mash magic raise episode feature injured filming bohemian receiving inch staging performance glee costume designer took inspiration 1960s girl groups outfits worn selecting black dresses dress new directions reception original broadcast journey watched million american viewers tied lead demographic timeslot attaining nielsen rating series viewership percent previous episode giving glee highest finale rating new television season journey fourth watched week demographic highest scripted sixth watched program viewers episode broadcast monday june watched million viewers million watched week watched cable week episode received generally positive reviews critics called perfect writing high energy episodes narrowed song focus found right mix optimism reality glam performance wall_street_journal commented long premiere season ups downs warm embrace let face don want let houston_chronicle deemed episode awesome observing light usual humor heavy emotion think ideal season finale glee ended freshman season real took couple unexpected turns pulling nicely satisfying finish todd_vanderwerff graded episode deeming best entire season felt fantastic episode glee season works vanderwerff issues episode including sudden decision adopt summarized good stuff absolutely stupid stuff felt glee wrapped high note leaving season appealing heading promise performances amazing liners season time james_poniewozik wrote journey glee returned roots balancing intimate stories small town high school life showing best case staying year ign rated journey signifying great episode felt match standards mid season finale episode satisfying wrap year glee los_angeles_times noted went finale incredibly week episode overall deemed finale success vanity_fair found journey fulfilling albeit pretty mediocre episode describing having sense narrative went writers usual throwing mtv found episode representative season explaining like entire year uneven episode started promising action packed plot impressed couple musical numbers got cheesy good overly sentimental song fellow mtv writer noted hoping little excitement episode feel circle characters come know love hoping glee stellar momentum season | Journey to Regionals | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
20876_SillyLoveSongs(Glee) | silly love songs glee silly love songs twelfth episode second season american musical television series glee thirty fourth overall valentine day themed episode written series creator directed premiered fox february episode director assigns glee club perform love songs honor valentine day club member cory_monteith sets kissing booth occasion advantage rising popularity raise money club plans perform musical number outside campus confesses love silly love songs met critical acclaim praise stemming character development musical performances los_angeles_times todd_vanderwerff washington_post deemed storyline entertaining went episode best episode season episode features cover versions songs including cover michael_jackson funny valentine musical arms covers performances met positive reception critics fans alike praise going glee covers fat girls queen silly love songs paul_mccartney respectively songs exception funny valentine released singles available digital download initial airing episode watched million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings significantly previous episode sue shuffle aired immediately super bowl plot glee club director gives love song assignment having fallen group newest member queen fat girls finds song choice insulting stands date eventually agrees spend valentine day friends celebrate respective relationships performing michael_jackson pretty young thing tina later begins sing funny valentine mike overcome emotion begins cry continuing sing cory_monteith sets kissing booth advantage popularity hope kissing girlfriend wants donate proceeds glee club quinn initially refuses buy kiss finn insistence boyfriend suspicious relationship kiss finn quinn feelings begin affair rivera angry having recently bad behavior highlighted club members reveal quinn infidelity finn recent girlfriend lea_michele dismayed renewed feelings quinn resolves concentrate career instead romance leads female members performance katy_perry private school attended member object affection announces intention sing love song crush kurt believes feelings disappointed crush turns assistant manager local gap store accompany subsequently fired kurt confesses feelings tells kurt cares terrible romance want risk damaging friendship episode ends assembled local restaurant perform titular silly love songs production silly love songs announced glee creator interview german journalist episode announced shortly announcement getting short term hiatus cast members contracting flu inspiration episode partially related lobbying effort paul_mccartney covers songs beatles incorporated glee interview reporters teen choice awards murphy revealed received sent reportedly fan series recurring characters appear episode include glee club members football coach shannon dot marie jones lead singer silly love songs features cover versions songs katy_perry queen fat girls michael_jackson pretty young thing funny valentine musical arms silly love songs paul_mccartney band wings fourth time song katy_perry glee episode previous covers kissed girl pilot teenage dream episode kissed california previous episode sue shuffle songs exception funny valentine released singles available digital download singles included glee soundtrack albums pretty young thing fat girls featured sixth soundtrack album glee music volume silly love songs featured seventh glee reception ratings silly love songs originally broadcast united_states fox february received million american viewers initial airing despite airing simultaneously cbs nbc ordinary family abc tree hill garnered nielsen rating share demographic highest rating night episode total viewership ratings significantly previous episode sue shuffle watched million american viewers received rating share demographic canada aired february episode watched million viewers ranked number watched television programs week total viewership slightly declined previous episode attained million viewers ninth watched television program week australia episode aired february viewed viewers initial airing eleventh watched program night episode total viewership declined marginal rate previous episode drew million viewers fourth watched program night watched demographic placed tenth weekly viewership rankings episode watched million viewers million watched week watched cable week critical response silly love songs met critical acclaim television critics initial airing rolling_stone gave positive review episode wrote favorite type glee episode enjoy real shines songs board fit cohesive storyline didn appearance dare didn miss houston_chronicle enjoyed episode going write thought strong showing little honest thing appeal los_angeles_times gave episode positive review tuesday night glee wasn usual time best giving entertaining storylines involving characters care sing songs emerge advance story like perfect heart shaped bubble episode reminding fans things missed couple months robert_canning ign gave episode positive review opined glee club temporarily hold glee series able little fun tuesday night episode fun gang new directions taking valentine day flirting kissing course singing bullying lighter episode glee results gave way lot laughs story development went praise performance said falling love decide want root couple certainly know going canning ultimately gave episode paste went praise episode depiction relationships high school backing vocals performance fat girls queen todd_vanderwerff gave episode positive review grade silly love songs fine example nearly absolute best tone nailed completely consistently feeling teenage romance sense person love person love followed immediately feeling heartbreak losing person soon teenage life moves fast filled heightened emotions like musicals glee best sides characters lives silly love songs pretty excuse play romantic glee club characters lot fun trying hard conclusion review wrote best episodes play devastation worst episodes sort emotional glee tells small sweet stories kids ways trying cope high school know meant bigger things terrific tonight episodes tonight episode terrific good february sweeps fanatic gave episode stars went describe episode funny touching entertaining glee episode didn feature single line thought day exactly silly love songs stopped feeling like week actually focused paced written relationship developments core characters squad gave episode positive review wrote silly love songs strikes interesting contrast sunday night post super bowl episode tonight kids stories big production numbers sue cartoon funniest episode season small got insight lives members rarely hang length time james_poniewozik praised storyline musical performances episode daily news gave episode negative review sounds like written pit prime idiot writer bad tina breaking tears reason singing funny valentine mike attempting channel singing paul_mccartney silly love songs middle washington_post praised storyline calling cohesive musical performances musical covers performances episode received critics fans alike entertainment_weekly stated favorite silly love songs paul_mccartney performed review performance wrote esque worried wouldn weekly dose dance moves plus major points miss moment sang love won come line probably personal biggest laugh loud moment episode gave performance praised performance fat girls opined general love voice right book song awesome sauce bonus points sort feminine head bob brittany background club reactions singing mild eye roll went performance bit critical cover song week singing queen fat girls know song fits storyline episode feel like song wrong key times sounded like hit higher notes wonder backing vocals purposely drowning voice depending song selection vocal performances continue hit miss season tina cover funny valentine stirred mixed emotions criticized ending started got weird downright uncomfortable liked earlier performance wrote tina started getting song let face happens love hurts continued song mild throat think gotten rachel cover katy_perry reviewed negatively wrote loving vocals track like wanted purposely sound like katy_perry like katy_perry tremendous voice parts thought sounded great song wasn cup tea beautiful voice wish given songs allow showcase advantage billboard gave positive review performance silly love songs writing sound great song brings sweet end super episode blog cnn gave music numbers positive review notable segment reads loved seeing groove amidst jeans cotton shirts kurt super trying supportive spite feelings totally loved music overall favorite episodes season vanity_fair praised performance fat girls casts performances michael_jackson performance positive review wrote thoroughly entertained attempt win tribute larger figure world queen song qualify horror turned amusement mirrored fellow faces handles melody makes lack range chart history cover versions released singles debuted billboard hot appeared musical charts new hot debuts plus debut week prior episode sue shuffle aired days silly love songs passed elvis_presley record singles hot reaching singles cast songs hot week new record rendition debuted number thirty number thirty hot songs episode hot silly love songs number number canadian hot number seven number canadian hot fat girls number number canadian hot pretty young thing number number canadian hot | Silly Love Songs (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
21050_Wheels(Glee) | wheels glee wheels ninth episode american television series glee written series creator directed episode premiered fox network november wheels sees glee club hold sale raise money handicap accessible bus club member travel challenges students experience life different point view quinn struggles medical expenses incurred pregnancy offer support sue accepts student syndrome squad kurt rachel lea_michele compete solo performance called wheels episode glee far murphy deemed turning point episode introduces new characters features covers rendition dancing gravity rendition proud mary dancing solo performance gravity included reflection high school experience saw drama teacher refuse allow sing song sex proud mary staged entirely described series choreographer number produced date wheels watched million viewers saw nominated directors guild america award outstanding directing comedy series prompted criticism committee performers disabilities felt inappropriate cast able bodied actor disabled role episode received generally positive reviews critics entertainment_weekly mtv writing brought tears reviewers alan_sepinwall star-ledger chicago_tribune commented positively episode despite having given unfavorable reviews series contrast new_york_times deemed episode problematic ign described special plot glee club director informed school budget cover handicap accessible bus transport glee club means travel separately rest club encourages club members support holding sale raise funds handicap bus spending time experience life like struggling cover medical expenses pregnancy threatens break cory_monteith pay bill fights finn feels support quinn including ensures sale success offers quinn money raised apologizes previously calling loser refuses accept money relieved finn able find job lea_michele compete solo gravity normally performed female initially offered rachel kurt father mike complains son kurt allowed audition rachel receives anonymous abusive phone son sexual orientation kurt deliberately audition spare father harassment reveals origin disability explaining paralyzed car accident age wheelchair use tina speech date kiss bad terms tina confesses speech sixth grade order attention feels longer needs having given confidence glee club having previously removed quinn squad pregnancy coach forced hold open auditions find replacement accepts potter sophomore syndrome suspicious motives increasingly sue money school fund new handicap ramps students disabilities sue later seen visiting older sister jean syndrome lives residential home people disabilities end glee club performs staging entire routine support production deemed wheels episode glee far enjoyed character development episode explaining cast role know background backstory believed later life born way proven correct wheels burgeoning romance tina opined think tina think couple long time explained beginning production creator expressed belief tina deliberately sat close filming assuming eventually happen shocked reaction tina faked initially unsure dramatic concluded think fell tina set apart disabilities kind glee group shared connection based relationship went away didn know hope characters ultimately couple best friends real life murphy called wheels turning point elaborated certainly remains comedy fun writing feel responsibility showing truth pain business tough painful growing people murphy commented episode caused realize highlighting fun glamour glee clubs occasionally great people different feel recurring characters appear episode kurt father glee club members brittany rivera school reporter glee club director wheels guest stars nurse manager local residential facility introduces characters syndrome sue sister sophomore potter member contacted auditioning association house talent agency fourteen actresses auditioned role potter deemed great experience perform music choreography episode features cover versions rendition dancing gravity wicked rendition proud mary glee cast versions songs including solo performances gravity released singles available digital download proud mary dancing chart gravity reached number australia canada america duet version gravity appeared soundtrack album glee music volume murphy selected gravity episode relayed story high school days drama teacher refused let sing song sex murphy explained found way write told perception opposed real ability stated opportunity finally sing song meant world absolutely terrifying watch dreamed long time know definitely best singer think message story song limits borders placed hopefully gets performance things song probably honest close heart scenes filmed performed matter dancing solo performance murphy commented performance chance break away misunderstood express explaining usually secure guy care opinions wheels sees friends disability granted performance saying look want stated performing aware challenges people disabilities face completely different life realize grateful able walk glad represent kind life television millions people week point matters glee choreographer described proud mary number produced date citing concerns entire routine problems building correct staging explained stage ramps initially built preventing actors ascending actors experienced problems learning distribute weight correctly backwards like roller derby actors fall backwards hit heads particularly lea_michele lose balance quick try ramp wheelchair caught edge going ramp fell completely pile ups crashes basically wrong murphy specified cast members able leave number doesn didn want agreed looked fun easy wouldn read right ryan wanted people understand deals reception wheels watched million viewers attained rating share demographic second watched canada week broadcast attaining million viewers episode watched million viewers million watched week watched cable week director nominated directors guild america award outstanding directing comedy series work wheels competing glee creator nominated work glee pilot episode 62nd primetime emmy awards saw nominated outstanding directing comedy series award wheels murphy pilot nominated outstanding guest actor comedy series award role episode production recording nominated sound mixing television series award cinema audio society awards work wheels episode honored honors television conscience called dynamic episode paint portrait treat better critical reaction episode attracted criticism committee performers disabilities felt casting able bodied actor play disabled student inappropriate csi star commented think fear litigation person disabilities slow production fear viewers uncomfortable glee executive producer responded understood concern frustration disability advocates singing acting ability charisma required role hard talented stated pleased represent character wheelchair think great wheelchair online refuted criticism episode opining wheels empowering people disabilities sends uplifting message disabled community los_angeles_times expressed similar sentiment stating episode addressing disability respect dignity complaints wheelchair bound real life guys entertainment_weekly called wheels great great episode stating cry times mtv commented episode brought tears suggesting lynch performance emmy worthy deeming wheels truly standout hour wall_street_journal reviewed episode positively calling rendition dancing catchy upbeat praising rachel gravity audition wrote leaves wanting kennedy described episode sheer perfection james_poniewozik time pun glee pleasure raises storytelling ambitions way gravity alan_sepinwall star-ledger wrote generally finds glee identity crisis dislike wheels previous episodes sepinwall wrote glee broad face self episode human scaled interesting chicago_tribune similarly commented episodes glee lack narrative drive wheels problem describing case study glee right deeming kurt storylines provocative handled new_york_times felt episode problematic thought having kurt sabotage audition sent mixed message believed actress prop continuing wrote storyline felt artificial praised lynch making scene sue sister warm real entertainment_weekly felt revelation sue sister little manipulative wrote didn care glorious moment hoped glee writers sue fearing lose ign rated episode commenting hope episode getting lot issue storylines way lot felt episode contained usual strong humor warm character moments catchy musical performances overall felt special | Wheels (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
21183_PromQueen(Glee) | queen glee queen twentieth episode second season american musical television series glee second overall aired fox united_states episode written series creator directed featured return guest star queen glee club tapped provide music school junior episode shows dramas surrounding high school high stakes race king queen involves members glee club students find dates outfits initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership slightly previous episode rumours episode received mixed reviews generally favored final segment king queen earlier portions music received enthusiasm special praise given pre renditions rolling deep isn lovely songs covered released singles charted billboard hot plot high junior approaches cory_monteith runners crowned king queen mark learns relationship damaged bad boy reputation resolves restore punch bowl rivera intensify election efforts anti bullying group bully asks school glee club perform members amber riley lea_michele decide attend group rachel boyfriend returns sings impromptu duet rolling deep apologizes treating badly joins group asks reveals beaten formal dance old school shortly coming agrees kurt father mike express kurt daring outfit kurt determined wear pleased sudden absence bullying school kurt suggests consider coming refuses makes apology kurt asks girlfriend isn lovely declines joins planning spike punch sam sing friday rachel performs hearts backed brittany sings gon teach boyfriend dance upset reunion rachel finn starts fight ejected catches pouring liquid punch refuses wrongdoing ultimately confesses non alcoholic elected king non candidate kurt elected queen kurt runs gym humiliation distressed having lost quinn rachel immediately regrets brittany tells hide lesbian identity kurt able calm return coronation comment eat heart applause swells ovation abruptly faced having publicly dance boy traditional dance king queen rejecting kurt suggestion come instead leaves kurt dance floor asks kurt dance soon joined rest student body production star rival choir appeared episodes romance rachel season prior breaking shortly competition returned episode quinn mother returned recurring characters appeared included glee club members school reporter cheerleader potter kurt boyfriend school bully felt episode time viewers saw true self following broadcast recounted receiving messages people inspired come commented believe episode television seriously changing lives incredible experience april extra named revealed king queen result social networking twitter creator replied hope qualified work entertainment talented people spent months create result reportedly fired later claimed glee extra october learned dinner party set following scandal speculation arose ending tweeted photograph standing wearing comment stated glee took long days shoot according involved lot hard work added fun actors extras involved blast original script kurt persuaded attend coronation requested kurt persuaded second party events duly changed actor reservations episode called difficult worked explained combination kurt queen wearing dancing dancing queen caused concern pushing way kurt helpful progressive depiction completed conceded turn beautiful episode wrong episode featured musical cover versions performed gon teach boyfriend dance friday performed series creator explained use viral hit tribute popular culture covered cappella arrangement rolling deep isn lovely sung hearts sung dancing queen performed riley rivera featured songs released singles available digital download reception ratings queen broadcast united_states fox garnered nielsen rating share demographic received million american viewers initial airing ranked second watched scripted week adults aged total viewership episode previous episode rumours watched million american viewers airing rating share remained flat episode canadian broadcast drew million viewers placed sixteenth weekly program rankings viewership increased rumours watched million viewers ranked eighteenth episode aired watched million viewers watched cable week glee gained viewers previous episode million second watched cable program australia queen attracted million viewers june eighth watched program night sixth week rumours received viewers twelfth watched night thirty second week critical response episode received somewhat positive reaction reviewers ign robert_canning representative gave good rating episode fine touching decent episode bit let final moments episode felt quickly tried pin happy ending called drama rachel quinn finn superficial stuff view shared atlantic said drama felt shallow forced kurt scene described painful poignant brown colleague stated like episode glee best worst mtv thought wasn strong cohesive week rumours said certainly moments especially notably hilarious ones todd_vanderwerff wrote entirety like minutes episode best vanderwerff liked rolling deep felt return resulting storyline mess didn work canning little moved drama surrounding rachel resulting brawl brown thought developments lacked real emotional stakes inconsistent snap rest episode vanderwerff found excellent final segment marred quinn generic cheerleader stereotype favorite glee performers sue scenes drew little response canning referred torture bits called idea actually work los_angeles_times happy great lines sue right blend evil funny vanderwerff felt role prominent storyline exception trying brittany fairly painful kurt received reviews wrote credit world matter material knocks park time james_poniewozik time agreed given episode material important hands actor good scene kurt finn singled online observed quickly turned jumps quirky heavy glee special love watching cast handle scene canning said announcement kurt queen effectively caught guard right gut good critical story moment including brown said logic kurt victory explanation happened sense vanderwerff called actions question sequence announcement lauded canning impressed presentation multiple said led episode theme community characters problems equal best able handle recognize common feel like outsider night vanderwerff talked sense community absent season noted glee found way best worst high school worked past storytelling issues capture raw emotion music performances musical performances queen praised episode called best musical night months characterized numbers pretty good vanity_fair opposite view gave songs single star lowest grade received stars rolling deep sung rachel received considerable praise gave single star song entertainment_weekly given heard version gave instead favorable comments buddytv called best vocal performances seen complimented fantastic voices gave song wrote simply crush rolling_stone called performance passion filled winner detected isn lovely enthusiastically received brown favorite number added voice sounded great favorite commented melt gave stars gave explained arrangement gives track wonderful spontaneous feel white boy soul explained getting emotional song weeks row boring reviewers disliked friday original version commentary incarnation sung sam generally positive despite said hated giving addictive version song vanderwerff said song way way way long fun expected wall_street_journal called good infectious said original gave song called remaining songs reviewed widely hearts praised absolutely beautiful performance said haunting filmed wrote nice hear sing song stated songs rachel sang episode favorite songs entire season gave lowest grade night asked stop numbers pain sing gave gon teach boyfriend dance questioned taken long receive numbers independent wrote best fun bubblegum pop surprised love gave missed backing use dancing queen song kurt dance questioned called borderline poor taste vanderwerff felt musical choices vanderwerff critical singing song king queen dance known queen candidate gave song gave reviewers criticized performance musical grounds called simple karaoke version lamented suffered comparison previous mercedes duet river deep mountain high arrangement waters power vocals gave duo thin sound original better chart history cover versions featured debuted billboard hot featured musical charts hot rendition rolling deep debuted number week original version remained chart number thirty canadian hot cover friday number thirty hot charted higher black original peaked number number thirty canadian hot songs hot hearts number number thirty canadian hot isn lovely number number eighty canadian hot gon teach boyfriend dance number seventy number eighty seven canadian hot dancing queen number seventy songs featured episode featured eighth soundtrack album series glee music volume rolling deep isn lovely dancing queen | Prom Queen (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
21243_BadReputation(Glee) | bad reputation glee bad reputation seventeenth episode american television series glee episode premiered fox network directed written series creator bad reputation coach publicly ridiculed video dancing physical posted youtube list members glee club school leading certain members try earn bad reputation newton john guest stars episode makes appearance recurring role following romance episode mash club members rachel lea_michele reunited decision producers unexpected popularity pairing episode features cover versions songs released singles available digital download included soundtrack album glee music volume bad reputation watched million american viewers received mixed reviews critics houston_chronicle considered return form following disappointing episodes praised episode cover version ice ice baby contrast criticized wall_street_journal los_angeles_times kennedy deeming performance favorite moment entire series far plot kurt steals video coach performing physical routine glee club members decide post youtube prank video viral hit sue retaliation gives list found called ranks students glee club based scale sexual tells club director find creator list forced glee club suspend members club members weekly club assignment students find songs bad performing ice ice baby example sue laughed workers seen video mocked new alcoholic astronomy teacher coach shannon sue reminded sister jean syndrome hurt children volunteer animal shelter reminder fortunate light sister advice sue decides act guidance counselor informing emma confronts teachers lounge publicly kurt tina upset included list listed given school boys girls perform rendition touch school library cause disruption hope earning bad reputation plan librarian asks perform church sunday service kurt confesses sue stole video expecting punished gain dangerous reputation instead thanks having recently contacted seen sue video requested help physical video song release gains sue position recording artists ends ridicule colleagues share profits sister residential care facility emma presenting flowers sees depressed looking quinn hallway realizes responsible list confronts quinn confesses prevent suspended lies culprit found convinces new lists posted matter dropped rachel lea_michele asks assist glee club assignment creating video run run secretly recruits boyfriend finn cory_monteith current boyfriend triple casting role film boyfriend bid improve rating rachel plays video class surprised offended angered deception breaks rachel result sings total eclipse heart club members walk classroom leaving production recurring characters appear episode glee club members brittany rivera glee club director football coach sue sister appears recently widowed teacher makes appearance recurring role new astronomy teacher coach special guest star appears portraying dark mixture mean diva lynch produced exact creation original physical video filming took hours series musical producer felt newton john appearance episode organic explaining best glee introducing new music older generation old music newer generation great music listen music vacuum exposed things love example perfect marriage songs chosen storyline happens moves people bad reputation shows reunion glee club members rachel involved glee eighth episode mash time series creator expect pairing received viewers believed viewers find rachel far irritating surprised positive fan response emerged murphy described response strange bizarre explaining believed fans prefer rachel finn result planned romance later season thirteen episodes filmed time mash aired murphy wrote special episode air mid season break characters reunite way despite popularity pairing referred media series writers intend retain bad boy persona ultimately plan pairing female characters episode features cover versions songs ice ice baby touch newton john physical run run total eclipse heart songs performed released singles available download physical total eclipse heart included soundtrack album glee music volume reception ratings original broadcast bad reputation watched million american viewers attained rating share demographic united_kingdom episode watched million viewers watched week non terrestrial channels canada bad reputation watched million viewers making glee eleventh viewed week australia glee drew highest overnight audience million viewers won timeslot key demographics consolidated ratings adjusted million making bad reputation 13th viewed program week critical response episode received mixed reviews critics praised episode writing self quality glee mid season break bad reputation return glee fell love graded songs performed commending deemed far greatest performance ice ice baby houston_chronicle felt episode return form praised decision apply meaningless rules musical selections writing freedom use songs artist let storylines priority sticking songs share common lyrical theme kept choices feeling forced new_york_times episode positively describing pack ing camp hour worth television kids summer todd_vanderwerff graded bad reputation writing enjoyed episode bit found vanderwerff felt episode worked stated stuff reminded like embrace crazy tones wall_street_journal criticized musical performances episode calling run run highlight slow forced opined ice ice baby kicking old school doesn cut 80s flashback moves takes seriously looks like live crew los_angeles_times wrote hated episode similarly calling run run favorite song noting hard considering offered kennedy deemed ice ice baby performance favourite moment entire series far concluded musical numbers felt minutes longer love walk cameo don want fall habit creating music videos frame frame cute sounds harsh completely episode needed filler showcase physical video december guide named rendition glee worst performances | Bad Reputation (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
21450_SpecialEducation(Glee) | special education glee special education ninth episode second season american musical television series glee thirty episode overall written series creator directed aired fox united_states november special education glee club competes round choir competition dealing internal feuding threatens rip club apart episode shows member new school joins rival departure new directions find new twelfth member remain eligible competition club director decides feature overlooked performers group usual lead singers lea_michele cory_monteith episode received wide range reviews small majority commenting favorably viewed lesser version season episode contrast songs covered received generally favorable reviews praise going dog days performed hey soul sister sung initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic significantly previous episode plot choir competition imminent new directions glee club required minimum members enrolled home rivals club director behest attempts recruit football teammates lock port rescued day president wrestler agrees join bribe invites school guidance counselor accompany accepts suggests consider featuring club members instead usual choices captains cory_monteith lea_michele gives lead vocals song competition winners rachel finn given lead dancing roles number brittany admits nervous performing boyfriend gives magic boost confidence mike commence time consuming rehearsals dance routine mike girlfriend suspects having affair confronts brittany confesses avoiding lost admits magical tells brittany magic kurt attends meeting learns setlist selected council offered chance audition solo visits rachel advice recommendation sings don cry argentina musical kurt given solo friend suggests try fit stand rivera tells rachel finn sex previous spring rachel furious finn claim virgin lie emma realizes attend boyfriend hurt fly las_vegas nevada weekend perform singing train hey soul sister lead despite backstage drama set goes smoothly quinn sam performing time life singing lead cover brittany mike receive bursts applause dancing tie place means groups advance competition emma tells married las_vegas despite shock says happy finn breaks rachel confesses performs florence machine dog days celebrate club competition survival tina singing lead production competitors announced episodes prior kissed cappella male institution seen episode performing song teenage dream continuing education program consists seniors working earning sings lead song background vocals sung male cappella group massachusetts actors playing screen met time episode aired scenes performance hey soul sister filmed theater course hour days according actors day second originally supposed scenes episode fox publicity included photograph scene jackson cut entirely brief shot embracing emma retained final version recurring characters episode include glee club members school lead singer mother glee choreographer plays youngest performers wear great deal makeup emulate older person appearance including pounds powder instructed cast oldest limit dance movements realistic scenes filmed course days actress member plays group member stars include appears new glee club member return david respectively debut nick respectively special education features cover versions songs don cry argentina musical living years train hey soul sister time life film specifically cover version featuring dog days song released single available digital download separate versions don cry argentina released kurt lea_michele rachel time life included fifth soundtrack album glee music volume released november hey soul sister included seventh soundtrack album glee released april reception ratings viewership special education broadcast november united_states fox received nielsen rating share demographic attracted million american viewers initial airing won time slot despite airing simultaneously network specials including cbs christmas center nbc stole christmas abc usual offering tree hill total viewership ratings episode significantly previous episode watched million american viewers acquired rating share demographic airing television november canada million viewers watched episode ranking second week episode watched million viewers million watched cable week critical reception special education received wide range reviews television critics positive negative responses enthusiastic reviewers atlantic declared best episode glee season suggested competition episodes mtv similarly said form added episode felt reminiscent magic season provided tempered praise said episode grounded solid spectacular highlighted glee developed broad ensemble characters capable taking spotlight originally comic relief character like brittany todd_vanderwerff houston_chronicle liked episode vanderwerff gave like rolling_stone complimentary disappointed failed measure time competed vanderwerff wrote remains level bunch kids love sing dance maybe adventures remains fundamentally strong tonight stated fact tied probably necessary reason keeps episode pretty los_angeles_times disappointed said episode felt like long slow season highs added new directions performance wasn total wasn touchdown hoped long awaited opportunity members featured competition anticipated shining moment turned dull critics note absence coach episode lamented relative lack humor merely remarked sue non appearance passing came conclusion got hour expense emotional investment daily news complimented solid acting wrote time started feel genuinely boring opposed know general complaint starting suffer big way making music secondary plot robert_canning ign gave episode rating said tried work hour enjoyable storyline felt little bit shy going good great reviewers remarked reflection new directions crew years getting future rachel start number cane future mercedes break finish song riff hard wrote rachel silent reminder kurt smile stage perfect sweet little moment sentiment shared entertainment weekly noted lea_michele strongest non singing moments season showing rachel dealt problems finn periphery group storyline featured rachel finn relationship commented viewed vanderwerff called stupid twist brown praised addition new directions declared hope team keeps pleased episode comedy simply making butt jokes brown wrote kurt arc week times interesting impressed glee handling canning similarly impressed called kurt solid story episode little approval reviewers cage metaphor scene kurt end episode kurt new cage characterized super nearly harsh music performances musical performances episode praised critics little said quality abbreviated performance competition near universal approval song heard don cry argentina stack called totally beautiful gave like burns said fantastic loved having rachel kurt chance sing buddytv echoed kurt words episode said rachel talented irritating wished didn look like crying singing added digging kurt lower register noted rachel usual power ballads uses time latest obstacle future stardom kurt deliver clear restrained called voice added solo alternated kurt audition outstanding gave song disliked song composer won performance gave stars burns thought fantastic liked song tag team presentation performance train hey soul sister received praise don cry argentina called flawless gave zap2it gave prize night gave stars burns said sounded fantastic fun harper said loved like audience given standing ovation stack said hated song sheer sold choreography acting gave lead singer train said loved thought amazing job praise sam quinn time life called solid added knocks solid stack said number fell little flat stack said duo great physical chemistry characterized duet gave stars best grade episode called perfection impressed wrote voices romantic thin new directions closing number received commentary solo given enthusiastic praise brittany mike dancing lauded called songs nice point shifted gears said burns roof rendition awesome wall_street_journal echoed came killed spot rendition wearing display audience added brittany mike opined brittany handle moves vocals steal completely outstanding lead vocals understand hasn gotten solo gave stack slightly generous wrote great song choice gave bonus points phenomenal choreography harper said dancing totally song liked dancing critical song sounded felt lacked didn feel worthy standing said sassy vocals perfect echo rest song feels bit like circus felt entire song kind dancing solo dog days favorite song reviewers including said exact brand high energy love harper enthusiastic performance represents like new directions kurt needs come got individual thing work group best song night view cute choreographed unconventional oddly fitting choice tina mercedes sing tune wish save winner vanderwerff wrote dog days right naturally hits song park gave song awarded stars stack gave said series creator chose perfect pull cover chart history seven cover versions released singles debuted billboard hot appeared musical charts rendition dog days debuted number hot canadian hot pushed original version song ahead number hot number previous week songs hot hey soul sister number number thirty canadian hot time life number thirty number thirty canadian hot number number seventy canadian hot don cry argentina lea_michele version number ninety seven | Special Education (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
22079_Theatricality | twentieth episode american television series glee episode written directed series creator premiered fox network glee club member identity crisis female club members kurt pay tribute lady_gaga performing selection costumes rest male club members perform kiss rachel lea_michele meets mother coach rival glee club finn cory_monteith mother kurt father leading confrontation kurt finn episode features cover versions songs released singles available digital download included soundtrack album glee music volume watched million american viewers received generally positive reviews critics entertainment weekly deemed favorite episodes season mtv cnn compared positively madonna tribute episode power madonna acting kurt finn storyline attracted critical praise new_york_post felt similar scenes kurt increasingly frequent diminishing impact buddytv highlighted pacing issues rachel storyline fused film criticized use poker face mother daughter duet plot informs tina longer dress alarmed pseudo school inspired twilight series briefly changes style dressing vampire convincing allow wear preferred clothes vicious asian vampire father bite rachel lea_michele discovers rival glee club planning performing lady_gaga number glee club director sets club gaga assignment girls kurt create costumes inspired lady_gaga perform bad romance rest male club members unwilling gaga number dress kiss perform shout loud suggests quinn daughter later attempt father kiss song guys suggests quinn daughter quinn agrees present birth rehearsal rachel realizes director biological mother introduces makes better lady_gaga costume meets concerned invested relationship rachel confesses longer children wishes baby fully grown rachel feels need tells rachel instead trying act like mother daughter grateful met maintain distance rachel goodbye duet acoustic version poker face kurt father invites finn cory_monteith mother finn feels awkward sharing room kurt crush keeps trying seduce argument insults items bedroom losing temper kicks finn term costs relationship kurt bullied gaga costume football players finn creates costume shower curtain tells let hurt kurt backed rest glee club production originally intended air june switched schedule episode funk impetus lady gaga tribute comes tina conflict explaining storyline reflects tina slowly coming box making way shell allowing glee rights songs lady_gaga loaned series costume designer recreate signature looks series creator directed episode stated elaborate staging performance bad romance expensive number date bad romance took hours film murphy describing big athletic hard damaged knee performance statement released entertainment_weekly gaga anticipated covers songs love glee love cast creativity writers went musical theatre school dream someday students singing songs wait bad romance poker face glee fashion glee costume designer deemed episode tribute lady_gaga genius explaining costumes characters wear exact gaga giving impression glee club members rachel wears dresses inspired gaga frog dress second based gaga silver mirrored triangle dress murphy selected tina wear inspired bubble dress adapted vest easier kurt costume inspired outfit gaga wears bad romance video described george_washington meets oceanic whale disco ball type thing authenticity inch platforms unable buy pair fit large sizes quinn wears orbit dress gaga wore 52nd grammy awards fitted pregnant stomach complicated costume hat worn brittany heather morris stay place bad romance dance build safety pinned head steel sphere took minutes hat morris day restricted vision directly solidarity kurt finn wears vinyl floor length red dress based latex dress gaga wore meet elizabeth_ii mercedes wears purple hair bow wig wears lace black rose hat lace face mentioned episode members wear red lace body outfits blonde inspired fall dress gaga wore whilst accepting award mtv_video_music_awards episode includes acoustic performance lady_gaga poker face performed rachel mother explained sexual meaning song different context calling actually simple male glee club members kurt perform shout loud kiss sings funny girl film featured background music scene finn wiped kiss makeup kurt outfit songs performed episode released singles available digital download poker face included deluxe edition soundtrack album glee music volume bad romance included deluxe standard editions album bad romance charted number australia canada ireland united_kingdom united_states poker face charted number canada ireland united_kingdom united_states recurring guest star appears episode kurt father sharing scene described emotional scene series far explaining reading paper idea going intense got kind realised bigger meaning god dramatic called favorite episode series recurring characters appear glee club members rivera gets lines episode school reporter school athletes coach finn mother reception ratings original broadcast watched million american viewers led demographic timeslot attaining nielsen rating fifth watched week demographic twelfth viewers united_kingdom episode watched viewers lowest audience season watched million canadian viewers eleventh watched program week canada australia episode drew glee highest overnight ratings watched million viewers leading key demographics timeslot critical response following episode original broadcast asian vampires fifth discussed topic social networking website twitter reference tina storyline lady_gaga praised episode calling amazing entertainment_weekly deemed favorite episodes season writing glee best combining comedy music emotional truths stack praised kurt finn plotline calling scene glee greatest moments mtv reviewed episode positively writing topped previous episode dream madonna tribute episode power madonna cnn france deemed better madonna episode calling perfect homage artist pretty writing glee keeps getting better better ign rated episode impressive felt lot enjoy fun material mixed heaviest scenes glee houston_chronicle called episode pretty great praising acting noting impressed confrontation kurt dad finn got writers kept language raw emotions todd_vanderwerff graded episode called rachel storyline handled emotional story series execution opined good brought best cory_monteith struggles stuff overall vanderwerff felt good preceding episode contained executed moments funny lines surprised episode praising storylines found tina quinn ridiculous new_york_post enjoyed episode observed time write scene stands kurt impact season handful increasingly identical scenes buddytv felt pretty strong albeit perfect episode deeming star criticized storyline suggesting rushed better stretched remainder season felt rachel plot rushed calling handled criticized performance bad romance additionally noting poker face work context mother daughter duet commented tired themed episodes glee concluding episode fails lot levels actually episodes preceding look better result fused film criticized selection poker face noting badly matched scene storyline | Theatricality | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
22217_Audition(Glee) | audition glee audition second season premiere episode overall american television series glee episode written directed premiered fox network september audition glee club members attempt attract new recruits including foreign exchange student transfer student new football coach shannon dot marie jones arrives school blogger provides updates glee club summer break episode features musical dance performances released singles available download musical performances attracted mixed reviews critics lea_michele rendition love chorus line described today putting amateur musical performance talent year shame los_angeles_times todd_vanderwerff found context performances received american filipino critics expressed approval glee cast cover empire state mind audition watched million american viewers attained glee series high nielsen rating demographic received generally favorable reviews critics entertainment_weekly new_york_post stated fears declining quality second season vanity_fair rolling_stone felt returned form following increasingly disappointing season critics highlighted racial issues episode fred described scene involving sunshine downright racist stir questioned pairing asian characters plot loss glee club members attempt recruit new students bolster competition performances learning nationals held new_york year decide perform empire state mind school courtyard hoping interest foreign exchange student philippines transfer student notice intrigued performance club captain lea_michele later encounters sunshine girls bathroom sing impromptu duet telephone lady_gaga beyoncé rachel intimidated performance directs sunshine crack house instead auditorium attempt sabotage glee club audition rachel glee club director discovered sunshine later auditions successfully club members rendition listen captain cory_monteith encourages sam audition singing rose poison choir room sam finn mike sing sam declines audition low social status glee club members dot marie jones appointed new coach failing football team resulting reductions glee budgets favor football team coach team hoping drive school budgets restored amidst sue rivera position head cheerleader learning breast replacing quinn asks finn help join football team hopes win girlfriend tina broken date mike believes finn forcing reject wheelchair dependent student drops finn team appointing sam new quarterback unable convince finn realizes hostile behavior hurting new colleague later defends sue driven sexual harassment accusation apologizes earning sue acting rivalry sue contacts new director rival glee club vocal adrenaline able secure permanent residency sunshine mother joins club sunshine confesses felt driven rachel hostile behavior admitting values club members rachel sings love chorus line auditorium heading choir room apologize production january fox president announced glee picked second season holding nationwide open casting calls fill new roles auditions intended subject multi television special air lead second season premiere new cast members revealed episode series creator stated glee aimed interactive musical comedy television ultimately reality ahead murphy desire concentrate main series fear distraction reality damage glee audition recurring cast members promoted series regulars glee club members respectively episode introduced new cast members plays recurring character initially athletic protégé glee club member finn rival appears foreign exchange student rival rachel fan season manager approach murphy casting season dot cast football coach shannon replacing season cast member appears new director rival glee club replacing jackson originally considered role cast glee episode choreographer unable perform illness murphy described complete villain stated life music episode featured cover versions empire state mind jay-z featuring lady_gaga telephone featuring beyoncé featuring rose poison love chorus line getting know king listen film adaptation performed vocally power snap featured dance performance songs performed episode rose getting know power released singles available download empire state mind included album glee music volume following release glee tracks downloaded digitally hours week according nielsen_soundscan additionally empire state mind saw largest day sales glee cover released point musical performances episode attracted mixed reviews usa_today deemed highlight love wrote performance puts amateur musical performance talent year shame wall_street_journal agreed best song episode smart heart contrast los_angeles_times called non song agent rolling_stone deemed touching todd_vanderwerff stated performed poorly chosen emotional moment unintentionally hilarious vanderwerff felt odd song choices particularly introductory number called adequate noted doesn nearly good job introducing character listen entertainment_weekly graded performance listen wrote wanted standing ovation wilson cnn praised performances hoped series discussed reception role said singing drop dead stunning proud mtv commented songs overall sharp presented highlighted hip hop numbers particular praise anderson felt choreography empire state mind compensated delivery lauded unusual emily washington_post deemed best performance episode colleague agreed characterized runner performance empire state mind maybe trying hard writing mtv felt empire state mind lacking original version reported keys deemed glee cover amazing reception ratings original broadcast audition watched million american viewers episode led demographic night attaining nielsen rating share percent season premiere september glee second highest rated telecast adults series high adults attaining rating share canada audition watched million viewers watched programme night beat dancing stars closest competitor timeslot percent demographic australia episode drew million viewers seventh watched programme night episode watched million viewers million watched week second watched cable week hitting series high critical response episode received generally favorable reviews critics vanderwerff graded episode felt imperfect audition demonstrated glee executives learned surprising doesn work format added season premiere promise come audition good daily news rated audition felt episode little self series cross plots hoped setting foundations interesting evolving story season come called episode rich mix song dance magic high school musical spoof overall excess concluded mess kind mess makes think order los_angeles_times praised episode musical numbers sue lines stack new_york_post deemed episode worries glee experiencing sophomore slump commented positively opening scene directly addressed criticism season vanity_fair received episode positively despite having disappointed second half season sentiment shared deemed audition fresh start season songs long term plot guide wrote audition far favorite episode cruelty dirty tricks employed characters commented moments remind genuine pop culture james_poniewozik time called solid episode awful amazing set promising storylines season ahead felt stand musical performances commented gave season emotional grounding showed glee working double time want pretty want globe_and_mail wrote audition glee formulaic asserted glee won disappointed rest overall positive review episode hollywood news wrote opening scenes addressed fan criticisms little harsh fictional characters having gone overboard point highlighted concern downright racist scene minutes rachel sunshine buddytv described rachel behavior aforementioned scene totally racist writing stir asked glee racist cited moments audition perceived racist found scene rachel screaming sunshine bathroom broken english highlighted pairing tina mike noting shared surname joke jacob assuming couple asian speculated attempting self aware racism intentionally trying point racist beliefs concluded glee self awareness matter saving grace | Audition (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
22570_TheRhodesNotTaken | rhodes taken fifth episode american television series glee premiered fox network september written series creator directed episode features glee club director recruiting star april rhodes hoping improve club chances wake rachel lea_michele school musical finn cory_monteith rachel attempt convince return rachel angry discovers finn girlfriend pregnant ultimately club special guest star played april performed episode musical tracks studio recordings songs performed episode released singles available digital download appear album glee music volume episode watched million viewers received positive reviews critics appearance performance queen cover somebody love particular receiving praise wall_street_journal new_york_times los_angeles_times deemed somebody love best musical number staging journey don stop pilot episode plot lead singer lea_michele longer high glee club director grows concerned club forthcoming performance discovers april rhodes member club high school days actually graduated convinces return school order diploma join glee club having failed achieve broadway dreams april alcoholic goes winning favor existing club members unconventional means including getting kurt drunk teaching tina guidance counselor warns april students asks april sober vows club member finn cory_monteith concerned future having told girlfriend quinn pregnant child emma suggests instead aiming attend college football scholarship finn utilize musical talent participation glee club chance success finn romantic interest rachel takes date rachel realizing unhappy performing school musical excited finn interest returns glee club kurt mercedes tina informed quinn pregnancy pretends finn fathered child actual father finding quinn rachel furious finn confronts asking actually attracted finn insists kiss shared honest rachel defects glee club returning school musical given artistic control drunk april accompanied glee club performs packed auditorium receives standing ovation dreamed performed drunk tells april longer glee club accepts telling realized kids ones spotlight leaves lead singer number rachel offers april place quit musical wants rejoin club perform queen somebody love production guest starred episode glee club member april alcoholic bad influence glee club members described graduated kind deal high school glee club explained april didn big star expected brought glee club previously acquainted glee creator having appeared film running murphy commented loves writing enjoyed pitching songs sung found singing different styles required role fun challenging sung maybe time singing glee went use shows opening number stated love return glee future sentiment shared murphy commented working hard figure stories time great sense come like chance confirmed october reprise role home asked explain finn actions flirting rachel glee club explained finn strangely attracted rachel respects chases life walking thin line trying somebody everybody example truly following dreams attractive episode features cover versions don stop journey maybe time heart somebody love queen studio recordings maybe time somebody love released singles available digital download maybe time charted number australia charted number australia canada somebody love charted number australia canada maybe time somebody love feature album glee music volume reception episode watched million viewers attained rating share demographic viewed episode season fall return sixth watched canada week broadcast million viewers episode watched million viewers million watched cable week watched episode series time episode received positive reviews critics usa today wrote guest appearance presence sense probably right means hearing sing explanation cares offer wall_street_journal equally positive role praising powerful voice commanding presence deemed performance somebody love best number don stop debuted pilot episode new_york_times similarly stated rhodes taken best episode musically pilot calling performance somebody love truly guide included renditions somebody love maybe time list glee best performances far new_york_post called episode funniest heart song est episode los_angeles_times enjoyed episode writing don know glee keeps topping martin praised performance somebody love writing love hate queen sings magical time don stop got kids singing songs raising arms makes hopeful technically skilled rival glee club vocal adrenaline makes story real entertainment_weekly called rhodes taken best episode glee far deeming musical numbers fantastic ign rated episode felt terrific april character creation assessed episode musically felt resolution rushed forced suggesting series find right balance music comedy drama | The Rhodes Not Taken | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
22723_HoldOntoSixteen | hold sixteen hold sixteen eighth episode season american musical television series glee second overall episode title line song written directed episode aired fox united_states december featured return high participation choir competition songs covered episode include songs originated members jackson family performed new directions jackson abc janet_jackson control michael_jackson man mirror performances reviewed favorably notable exception red solo cup given mixed reception episode given mixed reception reviewers criticizing ease sam return felt track developments recent episodes seven tracks episode singles soundtrack album glee music volume charted billboard hot canadian hot cast young debuting numbers respectively selling downloads united_states initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings episode previous episode kissed girl plot member quinn plans fired sleeping student wants reclaim baby gave adoption sabotage rival glee club prior competition rachel lea_michele insists quinn ruin life takes true mother new directions needs members compete rachel suspended school finn cory_monteith rachel travel kentucky ask sam chord come unknown parents sam dancing strip joint help pay family expenses wants return agree let return quinn attempts help reclaim refuses tells girlfriend intends new boyfriend shane final performers need recruits bassist drummer instead sing dance complains boyfriend kurt finn dismisses suggestions glee club kurt warns stay away declares intention steal choir room suggests choreography sam wants instead add moves sell sex angrily declares sale storms finn goes finds punching bag demands know finn hostile transferred finn admits jealous talent apologizes tina appalled mike tells applying dance schools planned instead applied stanford pre program father tina tries intervene mike father remains convinced dancing risky path mike year held auditorium led perform quinn leaves auditorium tell rachel urges warn quinn confronts tells resigning apologizes perform mash survivor survive new directions performs abc control man mirror mike tina surprised mike father audience afterward tells couple understands dancing mike passion mike apply best dance schools wins come second quinn decides reveal secret sake convinces rachel director promise feature members future competitions agree group tells mercedes rivera deal sugar come auditorium join singing young production episode written directed title comes line song filming began november following completion seventh episode previous day finished november days shot parallel ninth episode extraordinary merry christmas began filming november played member football team player second season returns time season multi episode recurring role sam parents appear time episode father played mother series creator stated returns harmony episode appear second time member recurring guest stars appearing episode include teacher exchange student member member mike father songs covered episode include songs originated members jackson family performed new directions jackson abc leads janet_jackson control leads spoken introduction michael_jackson man mirror leads songs included soundtrack album glee music volume songs red solo cup sung mash survive survivor performed featuring leads rivera riley buenos_aires featuring fun young sung reunited young featured soundtrack album glee music graduation album reception ratings hold sixteen broadcast december united_states fox received nielsen rating share demographic attracted million american viewers initial airing million viewers rating share previous episode kissed girl broadcast november canada episode broadcast day million viewers watched episode eleventh viewed week slots million viewers watched kissed girl previous week viewership declined united_kingdom australia united_kingdom hold sixteen watched days premiere viewers decrease compared kissed girl week million viewers watching australia hold sixteen broadcast february watched viewers glee thirteenth watched program night fifteenth week viewership slightly previous episode kissed girl seen viewers social media night episode debuted topics related appeared topics twitter point glee executive producer tweeted topics indicating available slots filled glee related topics soon posted correction forgot review episode online posted evening stated minutes appearance returning twitter critical reception hold sixteen received mixed reception reviewers music favorably received robert_canning ign called gave okay rating noted competition episodes spend time performance deemed non performance segments rolling_stone characterized moral week story embrace youth noted competition began episode succeeded spite los_angeles_times called feel good episode came huge relief lost moral weeks said gave hope rest season billboard summarized episode way overall glee felt like plots dealt fast possible singing dancing reviewers took issue nature plot points washington_post lack basic logic sam able easily transfer entertainment_weekly pointed considerable required minor guardians state register school bothered sam parents establish guardians affect academically pointed failed pick set list ahead time despite weeks preparing mtv unimpressed quinn late game thought apply competitive school yale expressed reviewers including wall_street_journal finn think sam great performer begin important bring despite pleased sam return bell thought enjoyable aspects episode sam scene met criticism characterization sam buddytv pointed essentially calls sam like completely different person star described scene pretty character houston_chronicle said entire subplot including finn assembled glad ended following scene confrontation kurt little remarked west enjoyed said hoping end triangle crazy quinn celebrated bell reviewers including highly critical failure acknowledge wrong sleeping student canning felt possibility quinn actually ruin life failed follow earlier episodes threat lacked drama hollow sullivan enthusiastic said emerged happy character forced storyline episode canning noted mike storyline bit season fun root lack dance showcase competition justify father change heart hollywood reporter glad split glee clubs single group called final scene neat ending reviewers including approved conclusion season storylines episode canning called nice little reset button season started promise failed deliver late wrote return sam kind like seven episodes season happened music performances episode opening musical number red solo cup given mixed reception reviewers called fun change pace wasn fond originated song bell admitted sam fan thought sam version pretty great canning called song terrible choice ford wrote fell short credited surprisingly natural country sam added choir room performance feels find sense inclusion called song glee run run declared favorite glee performance time west hand said song perfect sam smooth sultry voice nailed harmony performance received good marks overly enthusiastic ones said fine gave wrote harmony brings latin flair proves vocal competition song weird effect feeling time called performance fairly forgettable west felt choir presentation gave grade termed showcase backup dancers west likened lounge act impressed harmony characterized pretty awesome said fantastic singer sullivan amazed survive survivor performance mash fun second time bell called awesome characterized mercedes vocals strong felt good like mash episodes prior gave performance said loved broke free standard operating glee club choreography legendary duet add wrote choreographed jumping thought finn triumphant fist bump number sullivan set jackson family numbers favorably reviewed critics didn necessarily agree songs effective bell couldn decide enjoyed songs mash west felt choreography thing stellar graded singled abc demonstrated lovely singer tina said enjoyed tina deserves singing time love fact mike actual singer gets solos called solid performance gave wrote felt like flashback group performances feel good attitude dancing control highlighted reviews complimentary wrote choreography little awkward occasionally effective jackson numbers added felt dated retro fresh graded song mention slick dance moves noted jazz band guys holding background dancing number song definitely brought energy middle performance bell characterized final song amazing man mirror cover said best songs gave wrote proved ending performance young received near universal enthusiasm called totally fun said joyful moment night handed grades respectively felt performed silly spirit throwback simpler successful glee moments thought best musical number night little reminiscent performance dog days thought earlier song million times better west called great closing song said finale singing best kind glee chart history singles released episode included total cover versions thanks survivor survive mash debuted billboard hot including sixth highest song chart date young debuted number sales downloads hot shot debut canadian hot charted higher number march song sold digital copies united_states aforementioned survivor survive debuted number red solo cup debuted number ninety canada songs debuted number seven number ninety respectively addition covers episode available soundtrack album glee music volume released day episode broadcast appeared hot man mirror number seventy abc number eighty total debuts hot songs appeared canadian hot man mirror number eighty abc number ninety totalled debuts chart buenos_aires control appeared canadian charts original versions songs covered episode charted hot week young fun featuring debuted united_states canada red solo cup charts cited greatest digital rose seventeen united_states thirty canada subsequently young featured super bowl commercial song originating artist reach number billboard hot appearing attaining position chart week march | Hold On to Sixteen | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
22981_Comeback(Glee) | comeback glee comeback thirteenth episode second season american musical television series glee thirty fifth overall written series creator directed premiered fox february episode glee club director allows coach join high glee club attempt ease depression club member sam chord creates tribute band teen singer order win heart quinn later joined group male members minus captain finn cory_monteith recreate somebody love significant prior broadcast murphy dismissed rumors comeback serve tribute stated episodes reserved artists extensive musical comeback met mixed reception critics deemed bad standout critics houston_chronicle appreciated episode early glee aesthetic los_angeles_times felt episode lacked substance sue storyline focuses depression suicide attempt widely criticized storylines mixed positive reviews critics deemed related subplot strongest james_poniewozik time compared favorably madonna tribute episode power madonna episode features musical performances released singles initial airing comeback watched million viewers acquired nielsen rating share demographic unlike story critics received musical numbers acclaim glee songs praised vocals cast members lea_michele duet leave rent confidence performance know boys like plot squad loses competition time seven years coach depressed stages apparent suicide colleague school guidance counselor suggests temporarily join school glee club lift spirits hoping create group sue pits members rachel lea_michele plan duet results deepening respect vocally attempt bring good sue club director takes cancer ward sing little light patients club member establishes man tribute band teen singer calls experience hope winning girlfriend quinn suspects feelings boyfriend finn cory_monteith baby glee club quinn performance girls club male members mike impressed effect girls convince let join tribute band perform somebody love recreate music video song auditorium girls delight quinn chooses sam finn rivera convinces sam quinn cheated breaks begins dating help glee club solo assistance performs know boys like trick taught club members underwear confidence later sue suggests club perform anthem sing present anthem forthcoming competition song received members disregard rachel suggestion instead compose original anthem week sue reveals vocal coach glee club competitors production january rumors began glee planning tribute episode similar power madonna madonna britney brittany britney_spears series creator refuted claims stated episodes reserved artists extensive musical confirmed music episode season small plot point sam perform song artist quinn approval red carpet golden globe awards cast member riley confirmed mtv_news songs baby somebody love featured upcoming episode singer receive tribute similar lady_gaga tribute episode devoted catalog official facebook page stated truly honoured music covered glee prior broadcast interacted social networking website twitter told got work moves kill addition baby somebody love episode featured cover versions know boys like performed leave rent performed riley sing acoustic performance gospel children song little light scenes filmed real patients performed alongside morrison lynch bailey ward nurse played guest star worked series sound department season june deemed comeback appearance favorite guest role series working alongside children touched expanded vibrant energetic kids awesome storyline moved initially aware role involve singing little light group number episode recurring guest cast members sam mike reception ratings comeback watched million viewers attained nielsen rating share demographic highest rated night watched scripted week adults aged placed 21st viewers episode declined percent million viewers previous episode silly love songs canadian broadcast february comeback attained million viewers placed 18th weekly program rankings silly love songs ranked tenth watched million viewers australia episode aired february watched viewers 11th viewed night viewership marginally previous episode attracted viewers placed 11th episode broadcast april attained million viewers million watched cable week viewership declined slightly previous episode drew million viewers critical response episode received mixed reviews critics houston_chronicle online pleased comeback reminded early episodes glee hailed return familiar characterization commented felt like old times felt good observed episode light plot praised writing comedy cnn found episode title glee firing cylinders little room improvement rolling_stone surprised anticipated decline quality previous episode atlantic commented apart jokes rest episode sharply written loaded self jokes critics found comeback mediocre entertainment_weekly wrote bit todd_vanderwerff felt missing making thing boring robert_canning ign deemed fine ultimately forgettable los_angeles_times little disappointed episode lack substance creativity emotional maturity james_poniewozik time deemed favorite episodes bad memorable way noted comeback essentially collection questioned purpose sue storyline garnered unfavorable reviews criticized inconsistent characterization actions like fragments form vanderwerff favorable wrote sue jokes committing sue dark provoke burst laughter funny overcome central called scene ward hilarious atlantic found use seriously ill children borderline offensive called sue suicide attempt totally bad taste npr felt glee treated suicide lightly sent mixed message youth audience wrote sue burden described breakout character broken constraints recognizable character questioned point arc suggested attempt redundant viewers know sue capable compassion storylines received mixed response canning disliked focus placed sam thin characterization found love triangle plot little sense hard invest contrast called sam subplot episode strongest element deemed fun praised glee capturing fun music making called better respect power madonna received positive reviews vanderwerff found relationship lot assured silly love songs praised endearing dynamic felt comeback new characters like sam managed shine established favorites fared finn continues drained rachel deprived depth sex appeal carefully developed time critics raised similar criticism found need brittany help disliked return old desperate habits episodes personal growth canning felt storyline forced observed episode trying advance character simply vanderwerff wrote rachel appeared different came reflected awkward construction episode music performances episode musical covers performances received critics wrote songs blended best listed sic slick production raw vocal ability praised music numbers received positive reception complimented particularly performance baby said performance impressive total pop star package recalled found element smooth somebody love called recreation admirable nonetheless highlighted songs best episode gave baby somebody love grades respectively song enjoyed sam performance particularly dance moves boy band era complimented male vocalists perfect creation video disappointed chose repeat choreography praised songs called sam charming said acoustic opening baby actually sweet stripped tune open grammy performance added dancing stood somebody love wall_street_journal expressed disappointment performances displayed sam baby opined lacked coordination charm impressed rendition somebody love noted sam vocally overshadowed performance duet leave praise deemed highlight episode brown noted addictive glee quality actually feeling like high school watching mercedes rachel blast blasting treat gave duet partial ballads discourage entire song wrote mercedes rachel ladies sang vanderwerff song relevant felt voice ill suited called know boys like highlight episode vanderwerff praised best musical number complimented confidence said underwear joke unnecessary contrast cited underwear shots factor raising grade song basic atlantic unimpressed questioned spot glee club character believable join glee club sing december guide named cover glee worst performances new directions collaboration sue sing wrote turning rock bringing choral element song actually came great anthem bunch kind wish choir robes instead fully embraced arrangement gave performance called lacking material need blown away guide listed rendition glee worst performances chart history cover versions released singles cover little light released debuted billboard hot appeared musical charts songs featured sixth soundtrack album series glee music volume hot rendition baby debuted number seven number hot glee cover version sing debuted hot number placing higher original climbed number ninety number best showing point canada versions debuted canadian hot week glee version number thirty seven highest glee singles original charted slots number seven songs hot leave number number canadian hot somebody love number number canadian hot know boys like chart | Comeback (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
24093_NewYork(Glee) | new_york glee new_york second episode season finale second season american musical television series glee fourth overall episode written directed series creator filmed location new_york_city aired fox united_states million budget reportedly expensive episode glee time broadcast garnered nomination outstanding costumes series episode features appearance guest stars glee club performs national choir competition new_york_city finishes twelfth place glee club members sights including times square rachel lea_michele kurt sing song broadway stage director episode musical performances featured received mixed reviews critics number scenes praised including epilogue club return ohio reviewers fact new directions arrived new_york songs competition deemed completely original songs competition met wide range opinions covers original songs covers performed released singles originals covers charted billboard hot initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings episode significantly previous episode funeral plot glee club travels new_york_city compete national choir competition glee club director tasks students writing original songs leaves spending hours trying compose music creation cup brittany heather morris seeking fresh inspiration songwriting explore city sing mash love new york new_york new_york visiting theater april rhodes musical secretly involved located performs got tonight stage returns finds glee club shaken learning broadway plans coach rival club vocal adrenaline fulfilled dream singing broadway stage chooses stay encouraged fellow male glee club members finn cory_monteith asks rachel date enjoy dinner meet date draws close sam chord mike rachel feels torn finn dreams broadway leaves refusing kiss morning breakfast rachel kurt sneak stage wicked sing duet good rachel realizes true love broadway return new_york_city college nationals rachel encounters nervous apologizes having sunshine feel admits jealous talent offers sunshine support opens vocal adrenaline long set begins rachel finn singing duet wrote pretending enthusiastic audience falls silent kiss conclusion glee club closes light world receives standing ovation jealous confronts finn performance asserts kiss cost championship groups named advance finals day finishes twelfth place competing ohio kurt recounts experiences new_york_city love revealed sam secretly dating rivera brittany friendship brittany tells loves loved rachel meets finn nationals kiss finn reminds year graduation kisses production expensive glee episode reported million budget exceeded previous record holder sue shuffle episode followed super bowl major state location shoot cast crew filmed new_york_city april april members crew flown new_york cast joined local crew members creators serve executive executive producers present episode writer director executive producer assistant director locations new_york filming including times square guest appearance scene shot morning thursday accommodate schedule rehearsal washington square park final day filming approved location city production team arrived new_york noted biggest challenge shooting city people costumes new_york shoot prepared ahead time new_york costumes episode received nomination costume designer revealed plan little nod iconic new_york places going shoot little bit 50s 60s flair vintage said landed new_york saturday night day sunday threw clothes filming began monday according article hollywood reporter outfits found single day filming continued los_angeles episodes typically shot including location shoot film morrison scene sings got tonight broadway stage shooting episode season wrapped early hours recurring guest star appeared episode coach star vocalist sunshine recurring characters included glee club members kurt boyfriend episode featured original songs musical cover versions original songs morris performed cup morrison sang got tonight track solo album performed long sang pretending performed light world solo vocals short duet cover versions included brief performance theme new_york new_york mash madonna love new york new_york new_york town lady good wicked usher yeah number released singles available digital download got tonight released late april lead debut morrison album reception ratings new_york broadcast united_states fox garnered nielsen rating share demographic received million american viewers initial airing american idol lead despite strong competition hour dancing stars results abc matched rating share hour broadcast total viewership ratings episode previous episode funeral watched million american viewers acquired rating share demographic airing episode scripted week viewers episode canadian broadcast drew million viewers seventh watched week ranked twice high funeral watched million viewers episode aired june watched million viewers million watched cable week increased viewership funeral watched million viewers australia new_york aired june watched viewers glee tenth watched night viewership declined funeral watched million ranked seventh critical response new_york met mixed reviews critics rolling_stone wrote didn actually expect win nationals episode felt like going motions seizing opportunity truly spectacular todd_vanderwerff called episode good piece television gave said wasn good season finale journey largely wasted lot time performances designed solely actually new_york borrowed lot episode set pieces finding remotely powerful performance bohemian robert_canning ign gave new_york good grade stated epic nationals new_york decent close enjoyable season atlantic said episode uneven end uneven season killer numbers strange resolutions head plot devices colleague opined season finale exception glee having undeniably frustrating season ample reason tune enjoy elements episode highlighted arrival new_york having songs prepared received widespread condemnation including vanderwerff houston_chronicle led brown write absolutely universe makes sense distracting notion rachel know cats closed years derided brown los_angeles_times rachel kurt encounter friendly security guard new_york_city mocked critics disappointed quinn ominous mention plans new_york funeral came including called actual idea sabotage plot credited scene great wasted job great wasted character sentiments echoed vanderwerff james_poniewozik time gave episode likened quinn dropped plot leaving broadway rachel love finn fact happened fact know happen issue hope season actually grows pair finn rachel date new_york praised happy ending liked short guest spot hoped lesson producers deal guest appearances future canning said date sweet comical tone thought episode best series far couple felt rachel making false choice refusal finn end date wondered couldn asked consider coming new_york competition performance said end pretending invested startling moment audience disappeared middle kiss feel like called moment awesome vanderwerff pleased reviewers singled final segment set return ohio wrote episode fine job handling epilogue hopes crushed went found pretty awesome experience regardless brittany connected brief scene reminded far characters come season kurt didn championship taste life like graduation canning said nice putting peace having failed reach nationals getting hopes high year credited brittany funniest lines episode important scene epilogue impressed lead vocals concluded night possibly season music performances musical performances received mixed reaction critics individually said songs felt like offered strong connection contrast story vanderwerff called music favorite element episode complimentary brittany original song cup called light fun characterized brilliantly absurd original song canning said hilarious performance vanity_fair stated horrible gave stars mash love new york new_york new_york typical range reactions songs received gave wondered bad thought joke song realized mash gave said favorite called infectious high speed mash listed favorite songs episode said screen performance real new_yorker want kick new directions reviewers highly critical inclusion morrison got tonight second single solo album vanderwerff called way self characterized self promotion said song isn half bad gave generous despite belief belong episode called generic sounding pop melody use contrast generally approved thought kind weird weren gave stars solely singers vanderwerff thought song performed gave different found imaginary appearance male club members hilarious kurt rachel allowed stage broadway theater deemed extreme critics willing suspend disbelief enjoy duet good wrote performance brought events circle season drama singing gravity fitting song friendship kurt rachel nail wall_street_journal described sublime fit easily cast version musical wished song started voice harmony sooner gave called lovely favorable comments vanderwerff felt song pretty weak usher yeah unnamed female cappella group received variant opinions mtv said group nailed song found track performers annoying gave noted arrangement feels flat dancing called song vocal adrenaline offering long song garnered opinions fun interesting award best grade wrote sunshine handled ballad skill unbelievable ease original songs sung rated excellent gave song called duet pretending lovely thing wrote sounded lyrics written teenage boy called light world access amazing song history popular music terribly watching kids sing shit tune finale desperate conviction gave light world said sounded bit like loser like thought better melody loser better use criticized chorus similarity let rock said uplifting lackluster pop song called favorite number episode chart history original songs cover versions featured episode debuted numerous musical charts original songs sung main glee cast best light world debuting number thirty billboard hot issue dated june sold copies united_states week release digitally downloadable single pretending sold single cover good wicked charted number cover mash love new york new_york new_york debuted number eighty original song long sung number ninety canadian light world debuted number pretending number good number seventy love new york new_york new_york number eighty songs performed episode featured eighth soundtrack album series glee music volume original songs light world pretending long plus cover album released day episode aired debuted number billboard number billboard soundtracks chart sold copies week second lowest opening sales figure glee release extended play glee music rocky horror glee lower sold glee week previous month album number chart | New York (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
24342_Acafellas | episode american television series glee episode premiered fox network september directed written series creator episode sees glee club director form male cappella group club favor time new endeavor new directions struggle choreography resist attempts sabotage members cheer squad romantic feelings kurt comes homosexual singer guest stars appears wood shop teacher play parents episode features covers seven songs including instrumental piece performed guitar studio recordings songs performed released singles available digital download tracks appear album glee music volume episode watched million viewers received mixed reviews critics entertainment_weekly new_york_times welcomed return new_york_post wall_street_journal praised riley cover bust windows reviewing episode independent deemed confusing simple plot boot plot lea_michele questions director choreography skills glee club rehearsal forms male cappella group build confidence group originally consists football coach teacher kent worker wife performance howard drop replaces glee club member cory_monteith considering glee club fellow football player glee club director joins group having arranged singer performance star rendition wanna sex reveals attended sure sandy stopped stalking absence glee club hires choreographer rival club help coach nationals championship quinn rivera hope harsh stanley prompt members club quit plan sabotage club stanley heavily critical group rachel convinces members differences unique edge fires choreographer lead amber riley believe fellow club member feelings leaving hurt rejects advances believing feelings rachel mercedes breaks car sings bust windows kurt later confesses gay time said coach angry club stronger quinn quinn sue helping realize believing need bring people realizes passion teaching performing resolves glee club production recurring cast members appear glee club director football coach sheets things employee glee club members guest starred choreographer originally supposed play arrived california learned flu played retired wood shop teacher excellent singing voice played parents morrison thrilled casting having longstanding fan received special guest star billing playing words ignorant morrison rapping episode acquired skill commenting didn look like joke actually looked totally authentic fantastic think amazing musical range people like singing lives command coming episode emotional favorite scenes described scene respectful touching real music episode features cover versions good fellow poison mercy bust windows wanna sex instrumental performance studio recordings bust windows mercy released singles available digital download bust windows featured soundtrack album glee music volume studio recording wanna sex included bonus track discs purchased target reception ratings watched million viewers attained nielsen rating share demographic tenth watched canada week million viewers episode shown straight pilot episode watched million viewers million watched cable week critical reception episode received mixed reviews critics entertainment weekly reviewed episode positively deeming potentially better season premiere stack wrote best aspect episode focus placed previously minor characters mercedes kurt praised lynch sue wrote sandy reliable characters great lines laughs disappointed sing role father hoped return future episodes new_york_post stated key lies directly female leads praising rachel quinn riley mercedes noting riley finally got chance shine wall_street_journal praised riley rendition bust windows vocal adrenaline mercy leg splits shoulders exciting deemed performance wanna sex noted high school los_angeles_times wrote bust windows emotion thing felt appropriately real new_york_times critical episode discussing increasingly rapid march country commented match standard pilot episode funnier praised return called cameo fun episode overall noted humor lack big production numbers problem going fill gaps songs lot current plot lines like wife phantom baby getting old producers gaps short possible reviewing episode confusing simple plot boot ray wrote glee upbeat message attempt darker run mill high school drama ray commented music feature glee viewer gets satisfying taste cast members musical talents criticized characterization episode deeming annoying wrote confidence creator flesh character time seemingly sincere apology supportive boy band nice step posed question didn feel commitment glee club melted away quickly turn easily positively called kurt coming scene lovely wrote appearance laugh loud funny stack commented little random worth scene hitting mom | Acafellas | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
25835_IKissedaGirl(Glee) | kissed girl glee kissed girl seventh episode season american musical television series glee overall written directed episode aired fox united_states november featured election new senior class president covered special congressional election plus repercussions outing rivera congressional campaign episode received mixed negative reviews critics praised scene grandmother music viewed favorably reviewers earned mixed positive reactions songs covered episode including katy_perry kissed girl released downloadable singles charted billboard hot initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings previous episode mash aired weeks plot rivera suspended hitting finn cory_monteith claims merely stage having glee club temporarily meet club support kurt sing perfect leaves unimpressed finn slow stripped rendition girls want fun better received ostensibly sings delivers song embarrassed suspicious quinn quinn later tries seduce refuses calls crazy calls assistance daughter minor medical emergency later sex regrets asks leave angered returns quinn reveals desire second baby refuses tries comfort offers share important secret promises tell kurt quest senior class president appears doomed college prospects confesses rachel lea_michele thinking ballot box ensure wins sue congressional campaign trouble combat allegations lesbian sue decides start arbitrary relationship man chooses having difficulty connecting dot marie jones emotional armor distraught sings confesses love tells sue won fight sue loses congressional election arrogant tries seduce normal female members glee clubs defend sing kissed girl comes parents accepting tells grandmother tells leave return saying sin speak things kurt father called revealed kurt apparently won election votes votes cast students kurt admits contemplated cheating decided kurt disqualified brittany wins election kurt tells finn rachel suspicion leaves rachel admits finn stuffed ballot box wanted help kurt end week sings combined glee clubs inter cut singing rachel arrives confesses committed election fraud incident permanent record suspended week banned participating impending choir competition production episode written directed filming began october fifth sixth episodes time mash respectively shooting fifth episode finished following day final day filming november series creator revealed guide episode election senior class president congressional special election occur day polling place according people voting elections school signs pointing voters different directions surprising twist final results football returns episode bone contention sue recurring guest stars appear episode include teachers kurt father congressional candidate jones cheerleader potter school reporter member member music episode includes song gets title katy_perry kissed girl previously sung tina glee club audition pilot jones performs episode second time singing duet second season episode blame alcohol songs episode released singles including kissed girl sung rivera girls want fun version sung sung clean version pink perfect entitled perfect sung august creator uploaded deleted scene comes sue fellow youtube reception ratings kissed girl broadcast november united_states fox received nielsen rating share demographic attracted million american viewers initial airing million viewers rating share previous episode mash broadcast november viewership significantly united_kingdom canada united_kingdom kissed girl watched million viewers increase compared mash weeks viewers watching canada million viewers watched episode eighth viewed week slots million viewers watched mash weeks prior australia kissed girl broadcast january new episode mash aired november new friday evening time slot opposed previously scheduled wednesday broadcasts watched viewers previous new episode watched viewers sydney morning herald scathing opinion channel insane waste new season glee night target audience trying alcohol fake look numbers friday chart critical reception episode received mixed negative reviews critics billboard wrote shines plot lines worth structure sense fall completely flat rolling_stone stated undeniably significant plot moments emotional depth lacking robert_canning ign said kind boring happened better bland found frustrating said worst stop caring characters todd_vanderwerff wrote ton didn work houston_chronicle looked episode favorably maintained achieve level previous pretty strong outing nonetheless hollywood reporter said scene comes grandmother rejected powerful moment rivera delivered way equal scenes kurt coming bell complimented sequence criticized scene showing happy smiling explanation canning unhappy abrupt change mood happened vanderwerff called coming scene moment played sort honesty moving going stated storyline best things half season half season scenes emotional occurring comes parents called fact finn suffered consequences outing missed opportunity bell thought telling cares doesn want hold feelings women anymore touching scenes series characterized finn statement cared creepy mtv choice perform kissed girl poor song lyrics lesbian drunk girl kissed girl drinking vanderwerff wondered happy song experienced sort outrageous rest life quinn increasingly odd behavior commented reviewers wrote acting manner connection reality bell wondered creator murphy trying hated character glee los_angeles_times noted quinn character gets wrote gets right quinn self involved character far life needs healthy dose self esteem vanderwerff initially pleased acknowledged actions driven deep need loved gently told better turned pointless drama critics scathing storyline led pair having sex episode storyline glee gets sullivan called divisive plot line season bell asked instead super creepy scenes screen time rachel criticized pointless adult love triangle involving sue vanderwerff described jones greatest gifts lamented fighting style ohio_state bell called scene confesses love simply sweet scene ruined sue presence sue decision crazy plot looked sue pursuit different lens episode kids looking approval ways don achieve gives completely opposite message sue quest prove messages thought sue fine form noted election tied remarkably quickly point sit wrote resolved interesting interesting ways canning disappointed episode son kurt wanted leap television explain student council elections mean absolutely future college prospects declared sick plot thread called plain music performances musical performances received mixed positive reviews wrote strong night thought decent strong previous episode mash similar called songs fit bill don necessarily stand musically bell wrote music awful upset like chick rock musical focus episode excited kurt rendition perfect wall_street_journal called duet entertainment_weekly thought sung perfectly lovely said picked steam progressed said got wonderfully perfect balance musical strengths cut verses relevant kept rap bridge contrast thought performance awkward thing glee forever added sounded great expressed wish interesting arrangement gave song said song strain voice presentation cutter classroom setting buddytv called kind song finn performance girls want fun received commentary bell wrote cover cover song favorite finn solo described slowed acoustic version good called poignant surprising appealing west said best showcase voice recent memory called favorite performance finn seasons added sounded terrific thought rendition sweet sung wrote felt little center described terribly compelling sullivan called creepy performance coach solo number called haunting vanity_fair gave stars said killer use isn strongest vocalist noted lack emotion voice noted emotion face said wrote execution felt emotionally flat gave west graded said pain clear dot marie jones sad hearted rendition called kissed girl enjoyable number night said ladies favorite parts reaction shots west mentioned favorably declared rendition noted nice harmonies trend episode song falls flat stated emotions text wrote performance stunning certainly strong said kills song stated awesome called gorgeous totally relevant chart history cover versions released singles debuted billboard hot perfect debuted number seven girls want fun number kissed girl number number eighty number eighty singles debuted hot perfect number seventy girls want fun number seventy kissed girl number eighty seven chart country girls want fun featured soundtrack album glee music volume additional songs episode included bonus tracks available target edition album perfect kissed girl | I Kissed a Girl (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
25940_Britney/Brittany | britney brittany second episode second season american television series glee fourth episode overall written directed series creator premiered fox network september pays tribute britney_spears glee club member heather morris experiences induced iconic spears moments comes self realization club members follow suit captains rachel lea_michele finn cory_monteith experience difficulties relationship club director jealous guidance counselor new boyfriend following season episode power madonna served homage madonna murphy planned tribute episodes glee second season britney brittany approached spears songs deemed important female musicians decade having inspired young cast pursue musical careers spears makes cameos episode appearing students dream sequences intended showcase morris character originally background character promoted series regular character proved fan favorite episode features seven musical performances released singles watched million american viewers glee largest audience attracted mixed reviews critics criticized plot musical numbers james_poniewozik time praised episode embracing fantasy nature entertainment_weekly dismayed close spears videos preferring glee original interpretations cover versions mtv felt performance slave best sequences history rendition baby time attracted negative reviews performance exception generally received spears cameo received mixed reviews critics received favorably expressing relief appear longer morris performance attracted critical praise particularly dancing skills plot glee club director attempts set easy listening adult contemporary assignment kurt informs facebook group club perform britney_spears number high homecoming assembly refuses stating spears bad role model supported club member brittany heather morris reveals brittany dismayed successful similarly named pop star discusses spears school guidance counselor office meets new boyfriend offers talk glee club dental plaque test reveals brittany rachel lea_michele require dental work brittany general fill experiences performs spears slave later returns practice friend rivera share duet music brittany feels empowered encounter begins act glee club rachel feels threatened boyfriend finn cory_monteith desire join school football team fearing relationship work popular visiting experiencing performs baby time rachel begins dressing new look received positively coach finds school blogger video rachel library rachel encourages finn join team dental visit results stronger member football team football coach shannon dot marie jones accepts finn despite fact wheelchair rachel jealous attention finn receiving team test finn fidelity girlfriend quinn attempt seduce relieved finn turns quinn sings exception apology advised emma relax learns recently purchased new chevrolet corvette buys confronted wife insists return cease savings seeing positive effect spears glee club members allows perform inspired rendition toxic homecoming assembly joining stage effort impress emma multiple students including jacob sexually aroused performance sue sets fire alarm student body evacuate auditorium later threatens sue injured emma tells stop trying returns new car tells club performing spears numbers production season glee paid tribute madonna episode power madonna murphy planned tribute episodes second season britney brittany second originally planned air super bowl february young cast members inspired pursue musical careers spears murphy stated spears idea glee use songs explaining think loves paying tribute pop culture loving respectful kind way responded described spears arguably important female musician lady_gaga years commenting episode concerned music public image morrison told weekly hoped spears songs performed glee based comments murphy morrison character spend episode resisting students desire perform songs storyline featuring chevrolet corvette involved product placement chevrolet division event sponsor glee prior launch cast received scripts episode july murphy began directing august spears filmed guest starring scenes august murphy commented heart designed skills prior appearing glee morris dancer originally hired choreographer teach cast members single ladies dance week later cast cheerleader brittany morris recurring role season promoted series regular season murphy stated brittany big storylines new season viewers want know makes glee appearance britney brittany playing emma love interest recurring characters appear episode glee club member coach shannon jones school reporter cheerleader potter school student think dance contestant appears backing dancer music episode featured cover versions spears songs performed morris stronger baby time toxic slave music featuring madonna covered exception sailing performed songs sailing released singles available download songs slave baby time sailing included album glee music volume spears praised episode social networking website twitter approving use songs singles managed chart billboard hot selling downloads collectively cast cover toxic charted highest number sixteen downloads entertainment weekly felt performances slave music fell flat opining glee best musical numbers ones twist imitate original versions praised morris dancing felt episode revealed standout vocalist conversely rolling_stone enjoyed direct iconic spears moments slave mtv called best sequences history impressed music recreation highlighting way played ambiguous relationship complimenting morris dancing rivera vocals wall_street_journal criticized rendition baby time writing look intelligent voice sound pop like youtube spoof opera singer trying appealing clothes left wanting number feeling tune lost sexuality rachel octaves higher singing stack deemed stronger favorite performance episode best incorporation spears music song served storyline praised increased use vocalist second season enjoying soulful voice enjoyed stronger twist having males sing feminist empowerment song wrote toxic provided best spears cover episode commenting took fresh sound honoring original disapproved exception closing song feeling use spears song appropriate called rendition suitably earnest described gorgeous tender stack felt served nice emotional episode reception ratings original broadcast britney brittany watched million american viewers drew glee second largest audience date hell watched million viewers april following month hiatus viewership million previous episode audition million madonna tribute episode power madonna million episode episode attained glee series high rating date demographic nielsen rating share subsequently beaten sue shuffle aired february immediately following super bowl watched million viewers garnered rating share making highest rated night broadcast fox highest rated live action comedy episode fall years adults years total viewers time seventeen years highest rated entertainment premiere week grew second week adults total viewers canada episode watched night attaining million viewers demographic audition ordinary family closest competitor timeslot australia episode watched million viewers making glee seventh watched night episode watched million viewers million watched week watched cable week watched episode series time episode entire series draw million viewers critical response britney brittany received mixed reviews critics todd_vanderwerff graded episode commenting people glee awful talking glee awful criticized lack plot musical numbers feeling storyline character arcs ignored favor showcasing spears covers stack described episode monumental television event expressed lingering sense slight disappointment enjoyed episode overall stack wrote spears songs felt forced storyline episode iconic glee madonna tribute slammed episode accusing presentation spears symbol empowerment self esteem problematic observing young audience basically witnessed endorsement abuse public school sanctioned disliked madonna episode surprised britney brittany deemed funniest entertaining episodes series morris performance fortunately limited spears cameos responding criticism episode conceded storylines slender spears remakes dominated episode felt unlike power madonna worked owned kept videos britney appearances belonged fantasy houston_chronicle described episode brilliant felt presenting spears performances series unrelated inspired choice ign robert_canning rated britney brittany signifying impressive episode described fun close gimmick song choices vanderwerff deemed spears cameo totally useless criticizing singer flat dialogue washington_post graded cameo commenting didn try funny met mother guest spot disappointed spears appear longer concluded given acting demonstrated film crossroads better pop star conversely online appreciated fact spears appear background character writing best playing stack felt appearances handled nice level restraint canning felt kept perfect minimum morris performance attracted critical praise calling britney brittany great showcase actress praising spectacular dance moves negative review vanderwerff deemed morris cast best dancer stated murphy intent running character ground morris isn going stop funny fight observed said episode celebration heather wasn commending musical performances canning initially concerned episode diminish morris appeal background role ultimately pleased managed retain fan favorite secondary character status | Britney/Brittany | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
26032_AsianF | asian asian episode season american musical television series glee seventh overall written series creator directed aired fox united_states october episode features introduction parents final auditions high production west story competition amber riley lea_michele leads quit advance copy episode released reviewers received highly enthusiastic response episode aired equally impressed brittany run world girls performance hailed entire storyline especially rendition cool initial solo dance sequence received favorable notice musical numbers generally greeted positively featured mercedes particularly storyline detractors mercedes versus rachel plot characterization past appearances songs released singles available download fix run world girls charted billboard hot fix charted canadian hot initial airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic total viewership ratings episode slightly previous episode plot mike receives chemistry exam father upset asian danger poses chances attending harvard insists mike focus studies glee club girlfriend tina helping improve singing mike begs chance promises meet tutor later decides follow dreams auditions role riff west story performing cool misses session confronted mother admits wants dancer doctor reveals gave dreams dancer doesn want son promote candidacy senior class president sings song female empowerment run world girls impromptu assembly help rivera rejoined unbeknownst coach enormous enthusiasm school entire female population worries kurt candidate race kurt given dream play tony musical gives roses boyfriend likely choice tony insecure relationship emma hasn asked meet parents invites dinner telling mock daughter display extreme hair color obsession emma refers suffers severe resurgence stress visit helpless apologizes joins emma supported boyfriend shane auditions role maria directors emma dot marie jones rendition spotlight schedule rachel lea_michele help decide cast role mercedes angry continued shown rachel especially awarding solos pushes glee club extra dance rehearsals rachel decides glee club mercedes rachel compete singing mercedes gives performance rachel privately better prompts rachel begin minute candidacy senior class president improve college prospects kurt rival campaign directors decide offer role maria contenders half performances mercedes convinced deserved win outright refuses accept half role contention leaves rachel sole maria volunteers join new glee club cast list posted rachel maria tony kurt officer production episode began filming august finale filmed september script written series creator episode directed new sets parents introduced episode emma parents rose played don excited learned played 1970s sitcom happy days cast father funny shooting sequence apologize causing portion telling sorry shoulders shaking laughing hard mike parents recurring characters role recurring guest stars appearing episode include football coach shannon dot marie jones student teacher football players shane episode features cover fix previously refused license music use glee later changed minds songs covered including beyoncé run world girls sung morris spotlight sung riley cool west story sung solo fame sung performed riley riley appreciated opportunity perform spotlight modern pop song mercedes usually old diva songs found episode challenging think mercedes reception ratings asian broadcast october united_states fox garnered nielsen rating share demographic received million american viewers initial airing second week row timeslot cbs earned rating share demographic episode follows glee fox brought rating share million viewers glee numbers slightly previous week episode rating share million viewers viewership increased markedly countries united_kingdom asian watched million viewers compared previous week viewers watching australia asian watched viewers glee eleventh watched program night viewership significantly week drew viewers improvement season premiere canada million viewers watched episode fourteenth viewed week slots million viewers watched critical reception dos online heavily praised copies episode called arguably best episode glee season history series praised episode standout hour entertainment_weekly viewed episode advance similarly impressed wrote series best episodes number critics viewed episode aired equally taken asian atlantic called glee best including rolling_stone entertainment_weekly said best new season vanity_fair wrote week episode stands cohesive acted series wondered happened humorous noted found significant problem glee identity crisis knowing sitcom hard deeply invested characters los_angeles_times wrote producers hit note emotional musical character plot auditioning role episode emotional truth character growth new revelations good musical numbers kind emerge plot advance said episode delivered setup previous outing said definitely echo glory days season guide later included asian list episodes impressed praised fantastic performances emma criticized storytelling moves forward ign robert_canning noted inconsistent character development display gave episode best grade far season great samantha urban dallas morning news likened asian half hearted meal said featuring mike emma worked main storyline featuring mercedes offensive executed mercedes storyline met widely reactions musical numbers generally given high marks addition urban reviewers unhappy return rachel versus mercedes rivalry including bell lamented season nearly expressed hope mercedes pregnant given booty camp scene including star-ledger buddytv west felt mercedes acting wildly character episode change asked mercedes team player seriously going cut bad week canning agreed wrote tough love mercedes came left field felt added characters ultimately sense context setup time james_poniewozik wrote having story turn resentment overlooked glee club touch overlooked time todd_vanderwerff enthusiastic storyline called best episode feels appreciated boyfriend willing rachel role maria actually beat push feels involves respect major storyline widely praised episode west said showed acting urban thought plot worked notion college consider glee club application mike cool performance received called spectacular audition bell said highlights episode noted episode solidified mike tina relationship pointed tina neglected member entire cast mike scenes dance studio highly praised cool mike dances tina dad room described beautiful characterized standout scene performer dances life realizes place feels happy stage trademark glee moment agreed wrote studio started dancing music reminded special glee hollywood reporter lauded subsequent scene studio mother touching storyline reviewer admitted tears including stated emma storyline shows glee handles adults worse teens added reason couldn rewarding plot called bizarre subplot stated patent emma parents felt rest episode vanderwerff felt story failed work despite featuring don best canning thought role emma racist father greatest bit casting seen television year urban thought subplot worked added brittany campaign rally flash mob complete performance run world girls huge favorite called excellent brittany dance showcase critical rachel run senior class president development urban said absolutely zero sense vanderwerff lauded montage kids finding cast west story said best thing huffington_post wrote football team dancing good urban mentioned seeing cool performed football players realize haven seen season direct hell music performances episode musical performances generally received reviewers including continued emphasis broadway major dance numbers came considerable praise run world girls garnered wrote brittany performance run world girls thrilling adrenaline pumping musical number series produced choreographed shot edited perfectly woven story performed vanderwerff enjoyed production number built bit wall_street_journal called stellar performance stated superb easily favorite performance entire season noted brittany vocals near power beyoncé fine performance real focus dancing mercedes featured episode musical numbers said solo blew spotlight world wrote great added stretch amber riley hit praised amazing voice gave performance stars characterized rendition flawless reviewers critical including vanderwerff said song episode didn work felt arrangement distinct original gave performance west wrote mercedes looked fantastic carried voice strong felt little lacking maria rachel said kill characterized easy fun gave west didn feel mercedes clear winner thought singers fantastic thought mercedes clearly won maintained clearly rival continued believe sings agreed contrasted singers rating scale stars stars rachel sang like mercedes sang like lived slightly different rachel puts diva inside scared nervous mercedes diva thought evenly matched canning billboard thought rachel victor stated wants believe rachel clearly mercedes received enthusiastic commentary including west wrote mercedes best performance sentiment echoed awarded song called pretty awesome amusing said mercedes fully inner white song par best glee broadway songs terms plot vocal arrangements praised group added want characterized flawless fantasy homage stated perfect use non realism glee power musical theater express storyline agreed like real musical regards praised mike short solo west liked segment confronts mercedes number enthusiastic rendition wrote wished scene better questioned mercedes character members gave number wrote cool solo impressive added maybe play tony instead thought considered tony performed charisma conceded mike strongest singer assessment echoed decent singer called performance fine job wrote total package said mike singing wasn terrible lee said means wonderful voice said kind easy grace makes joy watch wrote got smooth dance moves slick vocals point hitting nice rises falls certain moments staying real cool song calls gave performance stars fix received warm reception songs episode criticized exactly like original gave noted bit kind good hands felt version imitation original thought thematically appropriate finest singing moment lee stated song fit morrison range comfortably mtv called surprisingly tragic moving rendition characterized emotionally manipulative song west like implied singing song emma gave thought morrison sounded good good way close december guide listed rendition glee worst performances chart history cover versions released singles debuted billboard hot fix debuted number run world girls number ninety fix debuted number seventy hot song episode appear chart fix run world girls featured soundtrack album glee music volume | Asian F | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
26480_BigBrother(Glee) | big brother glee big brother fifteenth episode spring premiere season american musical television series glee ninth overall written directed episode aired fox united_states april features introduction special guest star elder brother cooper revelation badly injured automobile accident ended previous episode way episode received mixed positive reviews critics praised performance elder anderson brother reviewers divided opinions quinn storyline played wheelchair number favorable comments scenes acted wheelchair mentor songs given mixed response chart contrast somebody know performed given enthusiastic reception sold digital copies week song charted billboard hot ahead duet hungry like wolf rio songs fighter solo charted hot initial airing episode viewed million american viewers received nielsen rating share demographic total viewership significantly winter finale way broadcast seven weeks previously plot quinn car accident left wheelchair suffering severely compressed spine return school performs standing glee club tells happy survived feel sorry feeling legs planning recovery informs sue swim coach sue coach sue makes deal helps win nationals choir competition regain sole control sue offers assistance takes dance rehearsals harsh insulting glee club older brother actor television ads visits high treated celebrity boyfriend kurt sue unhappy cooper impromptu songs choir room cooper finds fault singing sue recruits cooper acting master class club contains bad advice appalled worse cooper subsequently criticizes acting class scene new directions goes senior ditch day flags takes quinn park designed people disabilities enjoy adventurous sports quinn great time possibility need wheelchair asserts walk quinn later assisted fellow god squad member joe praying decides sponsor join glee club sue goes doctor find sex baby accompanied emma doctor says sue having girl results irregularities sue later tells cheerleader potter syndrome sue baby like advises sue learn patient sue tells glee club moderate harsh coaching methods long wants finn cory_monteith join moving pool cleaning business california finn later possibility fiancée rachel lea_michele alternative new_york says needs new_york replies needs sure loves wants kurt urges cooper auditorium sings emotional somebody know cooper afterward cooper apologizes tells known truly talented determine friends brothers production big brother fourth episode season directed second written shooting began february continued february ended february shooting following episode commenced news cast brother appeared january suggested glee creator consider song featuring somebody know duet murphy thought song week later received text murphy asking wanted come sing scenes cooper shot starting february addition reported early february flashback scene featuring cooper children young actors cast roles addition somebody know perform songs hungry like wolf rio early episode sings christina_aguilera fighter songs released singles available digital download episode standing performed amusement park scenes episode shot flags magic mountain california roller coaster sequences shot ride recurring guest stars appearing episode include coach glee club members cheerleader potter recent transfer student reception ratings big brother broadcast april united_states fox received nielsen rating share demographic attracted million american viewers initial airing decrease approximately rating share million viewers previous episode way broadcast february viewership increased canada million viewers watched episode day american premiere tenth viewed week slots million viewers watched way seven weeks previously united_kingdom big brother aired april watched sky viewers viewership slightly way attracted viewers aired weeks australia big brother broadcast thursday april change friday time slot seventh fourteenth episodes season watched viewers increase viewers way march glee twelfth watched program night fifteenth nearly weeks critical reception episode received mixed positive reviews reviewers expressed enthusiasm guest star elder anderson brother buddytv wrote episode strong todd_vanderwerff gave episode grade called forgettable aside performance described absolutely terrific entertainment_weekly characterized episode laugh loud funny billboard expressed similar sentiments said definitely room improvement substance albeit delicious washington_post described pretty lackluster episode received reviewers huffington_post called appearance perfect casting favorite guest stars vanderwerff praised bad acting advice cooper master class vanderwerff said storyline overshadowed charismatic older brother worked actors damn committed houston_chronicle fond cooper appearance described old school sitcom introduce long lost neglected family members dodge noted role didn like guest stars quinn storyline received widely commentary thought writers missed opportunity hugely daring reduce size cast wall_street_journal characterized message folks added wasn scratch face concluded nice know touches irony haven left called quinn walking dangers general dodge said favorite scenes episode tries quinn wheel steep ramp outside vanderwerff noted pair chemistry friends rolling_stone described quinn kids bonding scenes second best thing episode expressed wish extras scene park actually gotten chance speak like real humans like props musical number vanderwerff episode gave shades play usually asked good thing sue pregnancy storyline continued unpopular reviewers bell included discovery daughter syndrome telling led bell state felt relationship sue glee finest accomplishments noted scenes favorites commended episode poignant heart heart dodge praised touching gave sue advice work patience vanderwerff thought sue storyline episode main ones cooper conflict quinn post accident return kept described mtv silly trying recruit finn clean pools california music performances musical performances given positive response overall final song somebody know received enthusiastic reception bell called highlight episode favorite performance fantastic job bringing life said initially brothers singing love noted weird context felt song conversion therapy session despite sung disappointing duet gave performance wrote bought sibling angst room charismatic gave song stated shout glee writers episode picking fun songs tracks great lyrically terms moving plot forward initially reported unimpressed glee rendition song later stated words taken context april australian newspapers sunday quoted having said faithful arrangement vocals pop glee style mail quote continued ultra dry sounded pretty tuned rock real sense like playing cardboard box continuation quote came period sound wrong said interview day referring hook song kind cover version original song added thought clever song guys great idea interview published days later glee executive music producer said itunes version song released true episode reality drier songs performed quinn reviewed enthusiastically approved harmonies standing thought number felt subdued expect wrote song choice little bit grade gave song said segment wasn dynamic described performance pleasant added grade gave song said background music song particularly memorable far complimentary characterized performance energetic set piece night nice use infectious song thought vocals work quinn wrote vocal indistinct performance hungry like wolf rio given positive reception gave called real treat truly fun choreography hand described choreography peculiar graded song sullivan wrote paper like best idea honestly kind noted fun watch gave performance said cover cherry ice cream smile originals wondered biased lifelong appreciation solo fighter received wider range opinions gave song said sang song conviction complimented visually boxing shower scenes wrote energy emotional punch totally gave song stated talk singing beginning little weird said vocally embodies song characterized staging impact transitions smooth called song choice unsuitable vanderwerff said performance completely ridiculous chart history singles released episode debuted north american charts somebody know sold digital downloads number billboard hot single charted hot hungry like wolf rio debuted number ninety fighter enter billboard hot peaked number bubbling hot singles chart songs charted hot somebody know debuted number hungry like wolf rio number eighty fighter number eighty week glee single charted somebody know moved second billboard hot number canada selling copies single week fourth highest weekly digital sales point sales aided glee performance performance song saturday night live end week | Big Brother (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
27643_Ballad(Glee) | ballad glee ballad tenth episode american television series glee episode premiered fox network november written directed series creator ballad sees glee club split pairs sing ballads rachel lea_michele paired club director develops crush quinn parents learn quinn pregnant moves finn cory_monteith mother parents guest star quinn parents russell appears student crush returns finn mother episode features covers seven songs including mash don stand close police young girl studio recordings songs performed episode released singles available digital download ballad watched million viewers received mixed reviews critics wall_street_journal zap2it disappointed appear new_york_times miss presence houston chronicle deemed ballad best episodes glee date entertainment_weekly enjoy preceding episode wheels reviewed episode positively overall chicago_tribune deemed bad ballad episode submission primetime emmy award outstanding lead actress comedy series nomination failed final cut plot glee club director club split pairs sing ballads absent forced place sing rachel lea_michele develops crush dismayed remembering student strong feelings feelings distraught ate extremely hot pepper mexico hospitalized rachel visits apartment wife puts work cooking cleaning encounter explains similar chasing won repair rachel self esteem rachel realizes feelings reflect concerns self worth apologizes behavior afterward assures find man dreams loves finn paired kurt advises sing ballad daughter finn mother finds singing video girlfriend quinn pregnant finn dinner quinn parents russell reveals quinn pregnancy song russell says extremely disappointed daughter quinn family home moves finn mother kurt feels responsible encouraging finn reveal truth apologizes finn asks ballad kurt planning sing kurt says honestly love tells ballad partner father quinn baby mercedes advises leave quinn glee club comes sing lean support finn quinn production ballad written directed series creator recurring characters appear episode glee club members brittany rivera plays finn mother appearance series second episode guest star quinn parents russell student insane absurd crush drew described kind creepy ultimately episode features cover versions endless love stand crush having baby lean mash don stand close police young girl studio recordings songs performed episode released singles available digital download included album glee music volume endless love charted number canada america stand reached number canada america don stand close young girl charted number canada america allowed attend rehearsals episode final musical performance lean wanted reactions real brought tears performance star commenting special kinds touching moments real raw emotions screen reception ballad watched million viewers attained rating share demographic highest rated program night broadcast adults teens canada twentieth watched week broadcast attaining million viewers episode watched million viewers million watched week watched cable week watched episode series time episode received mixed reviews critics wall_street_journal disappointed coach appear episode pleased pregnancy plot appeared coming end houston_chronicle pleased pregnancy plot moved conclusion called ballad best episodes glee date commenting increasingly clear episodes adult drama strongest ign observed ballad proved glee capable delivering pretty solid episode presence rating episode zap2it felt absence lynch praised performance kurt new_york_times miss sue presence episode wrote ballad contained scenes honestly emotional series began involving kurt finn los_angeles_times appreciated episode expectations having finn mother react news quinn pregnancy affluent financially capable entertainment_weekly opined ballad good preceding episode wheels overall offer choice cuts fun moments advancing big story line james_poniewozik time agreed ballad good wheels commenting amazing glee career single episode chicago_tribune watching glee time deemed episode bad casting young adult actors teenagers dimensional stock characters plots questioned people actually like spectacular admit compelling | Ballad (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
27666_Heart(Glee) | heart glee heart stylized fox video preview materials thirteenth episode season american musical television series glee seventh overall written directed creator episode aired fox united_states february features valentine day love songs performed high glee club features debuts special guest stars rachel fathers winner transfer student version love performed episode completed episode delivered network scheduled run days houston died unexpectedly february dedication added episode end credits reviewers gave riley rendition positive reception best given songs heard episode performances general received songs episode chart billboard hot canadian hot stereo hearts singles chart reviews episode varied widely positive reaction greatest enthusiasm rachel fathers complimented brief scenes scene kurt praised episode significant featured screen kiss rivera lesbian kiss initial airing episode viewed million american viewers received nielsen rating share demographic lowest rating season date total viewership previous episode spanish teacher plot assigns members perform best love songs valentine day sugar takes opportunity announce valentine day party date including set sugar gifts song sings let love says informed second year denied performs home sugar chooses date rivera kiss hall stops tells received complaints public displays affection double standard citing longer public kisses finn cory_monteith rachel lea_michele quinn sam chord members christian club called decide raise money performing singing valentine day newest member previously home group rachel stereo hearts finn behest hires sing brittany sparks discussion squad members morality homosexuality joe decide comfortable delivering singing telegram gay couple mercedes breaks shane date sam feels guilty hurting shane wants sure feelings performs love song sam leaves tears finn rachel reveal marriage plans rachel fathers finn mother step father act supportive arrange couple spend night rachel room expecting reality having live encourage teens postpone wedding ruse engaged pair announce getting married sooner planned kurt receiving gifts week secret admirer believes home recovering eye surgery arrives sugar party early discover admirer actually bully declares love kurt kurt lets gently parting words classmate flees party underway god squad delivers singing telegram mash brittany behalf couple kisses sugar dance confused saying miss leave arrives having finally recovered lead group singing love production heart second episode written executive producer directed creator commenced filming january day eleventh episode michael_jackson tribute episode completed final musical number twelfth episode filmed begun january episode completed filming musical numbers january december reported begun casting rachel fathers january actors playing identified respectively days later set shooting scenes lea_michele tweeted picture appearance long coming actors cast roles appear screen scene written second episode featured rachel fathers subsequently cut script actors cast reported work shortly final episodes season begin airing creator asked march fathers appearing replied season met think great surprise think want hold little bit second seasons creator said tricky parents referenced scene cut noted talked forever different sets parents high school parents stop major influence life added think soon probably reveal second winners seven episode arc debuts episode new transfer student named arrived set january according cory_monteith described role ties lot storylines smart way bring day filming glee club january number fellow actors tweeted arrival including lea_michele fellow winner originally thought missing half episodes return time appear episode missing twelfth star initially stated appearing find leaves little bit comes bad later said episode way think return time appear musical finale recurring guest stars appearing episode include glee club members finn mother stepfather student football player episode features cover versions songs released singles available song mash released single release chapel love heard brief snippet performances include sung love style whitney houston cover version sung riley stereo hearts gym class heroes featuring sung mario let love sung songs featured include cole porter musical goes love home mash songs entitled association song madonna song died unexpectedly february days episode scheduled air day finished episode delivered network producers subsequently announced pay tribute houston dedication end credits reception ratings heart broadcast february united_states fox received nielsen rating share demographic attracted million american viewers initial airing significant decrease rating share million viewers previous episode broadcast february lowest rating season date canada viewership increased million viewers watched episode day american premiere thirteenth viewed week slots million viewers watched spanish teacher previous week united_kingdom heart aired march watched sky viewers viewership slightly spanish teacher attracted viewers aired week australia heart broadcast march watched viewers glee fourteenth watched program night twelfth week despite drop actual viewership unchanged previous episode spanish teacher seen viewers critical reception heart received wide range opinion reviewers balance clearly positive rolling_stone wrote thoroughly enjoyable start finish called standout episode season houston_chronicle characterized sort terrible ign robert_canning gave okay grade canning acclaimed introduction rachel played broadway said fantastic schemes engagement delightful bell called theirs surprising pleasant performances night added absolutely wall_street_journal summed appearance perfect guide devoted entire article pair wrote like seamless chemistry witty forth noted appearance filled rachel backstory todd_vanderwerff pointed characterization rachel got way billboard approved episode parents pair noticeably absent half seasons ton character moments single scene vanderwerff wrote scheme fathers break marriage plans talking teenage creepy little sort like suggests yeah guys characterized goofy sitcom characters unlike mtv stated stole passing reference vanderwerff said funny moment episode complimented sequence having alluded harder sex kiss broadcast network rachel finn neck god squad received canning described arriving sake storyline episode debating forced issue knew result acceptance vanderwerff pointed know kids going shake surprisingly sole purpose watch new character decide okay gay people hand felt sequence incorporated religion views ongoing look gay relationships sequence featuring mercedes singing love received entertainment_weekly happy state mercedes sam relationship don soon voting thing tired false starts vanderwerff referring member romantic triangle wrote characters responded shane didn gave good cry face vanderwerff character characterized scene kurt electric kurt giving friends speech dave lynch thought plot having kurt secret admirer contrived canning accurately predicted seen classmate episode gets bullied thinking suicide actually taking life music performances theme episode love songs inspired vanderwerff note songs great musicals pretty work necessary terms expressing inner emotions moving plot forward said song episode clear emotional plot purpose love finale wrote glee club succeeded finding performing world greatest love songs reactions reviewers generally favorable death days episode aired great deal attention given performance houston hit episode love unexpected function tribute singer reviews glowing los_angeles_times called gorgeous lush definitely episode highlight bell described beautiful cover perfect song mercedes sing sam haunting performance wrote heart love song homage year old fallen star brought shot near end mercedes dressed sweetheart gown standing reaching stars memorable washington_post said riley deserves standing ovation sang song power motivated genuine emotions tied directly storyline heartbreaking context houston death immediately elevated moment best glee entire season december guide listed rendition glee best performances characterized tina mike duet cute gave bell called absolute perfection praised sweet vocals wondered rare moment spotlight serve backdrop sugar triangle gave performance thought quick edits actually gave song nice energy prevented seeing tina mike dancing said shame lynch praised mike singing lynch said voice sounded great declared mike come singer let love lynch wrote sex appeal gave spot smooth performance described convincing song bestowed said finally finds jam lets fits voice mention kurt sam mike impressive job style backup called performance including choreography gave grade noted natural sing home said sang nicely expressed enthusiasm rendition gave grade lynch slightly generous matching grades unimpressed lynch declared tastes admitted doesn songs sung received little comment disappointed chapel love brief lynch called fun similarly approved called goofy family fun characterized song appropriately maintained gay world perform song teenage daughter pair performances high god squad received attention stereo hearts received trio grades reviewers said bit semi enjoyable described somewhat bland rendition lynch wrote joe hart vocal debut glee proper fine sam rapping bell said mercedes flawless called song rapping major flaw wrote sam wins surprising glee vocalist convincingly taking rap said voices mash better received garnered grades highest deemed delicious lynch said quinn sounded great grade sweet number attached called cute vanderwerff said rendition nice understated despite criticism episode liked love favorite song episode called executed note end lynch said failed project song required glad kurt took grades different gave lynch complimented mercedes kurt bestowed enthusiastic gave cover enthusiastic place noted entertaining company performances glee ones clear fun filming chart history episode released singles debuted billboard hot love debuted number eighty seven sales downloads stereo hearts debuted number ninety songs debuted hot reverse order stereo hearts number seventy love number ninety | Heart (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
28001_Sexy(Glee) | sexy glee sexy fifteenth episode second season american musical comedy drama television series glee thirty seventh episode overall written directed aired fox network march episode mainly revolves topics sex adolescent sexuality returns substitute teacher class devoted sex education glee club director begins develop feelings holly guidance counselor club advisor pleased holly lessons rivera expresses love talk son kurt sex sexy received generally positive reviews critics praised performance preferring appearance substitute disagreed storylines received particularly involving brittany todd_vanderwerff atlantic deemed highlight episode scene featuring having talk kurt singled praise episode featured cover versions songs including kiss prince landslide song received musical performances cover versions episode given mixed reception reviewers original airing episode viewed million american viewers garnered nielsen rating share demographic episode total viewership ratings increased significantly previous episode blame alcohol plot substitute teacher returns high cover sex education classes tells director school glee club club members ignorant sex asks educate song holly performs wanna touch yeah later rendition kiss kiss holly believes end hurting director rival glee club intensity seeks member current tell friend lead singer planning sexually provocative routine upcoming competition having heard judges looking responds having work performance animal kurt joining lead kurt sexy faces moves kurt insists remaining ignorant sexual matters feels dangerous age visits kurt father mike prompts kurt talk sex glee club members plan sex tape holly informs considered child pornography appalled joins club club advisor thinks holly lessons inappropriate arranges club perform song picks afternoon delight unaware song sex husband approaches holly afterward counseling counseling session reveals emma virgin emma admits feelings tells moving hotel certain feelings holly glee club members rivera express confusion sexuality joins performance landslide confesses brittany love wants afraid bullied sex relationship brittany love explains loves boyfriend break distress annoyed joining club explains trying responsibility actions kisses agrees join quinn finn cory_monteith secretly holly stint sex education instructor ends parents complain classes tells wants learn romance offers teach kiss production sexy marked second guest appearance glee substitute teacher appeared earlier second season seventh episode substitute role devised series creator suggested showcase vocal dancing talent ahead release film plays country singer signed glee episodes substitute originally intended feature love holly emma initial arc reduced single episode post broadcast murphy said hoped appear glee future depending right storyline january confirmed reprising role murphy stated appear episodes sixteen sex education teacher serve love interest actually appeared episodes seventeen reprised role emma husband march unsure return glee stated conclude emma storyline explaining think people like love emma don know longer people stand emma episode continued romantic relationship brittany alluded season kissed screen time season episode romance little explored leading rivera described fans pairing december following month executive producer revealed social networking website twitter developments storyline intended holly serving catalyst addition reprising role recurring characters appear episode include glee club members football coach shannon dot marie jones kurt friend sexy features cover versions songs released singles available download wanna touch yeah recorded animal kiss prince acoustic version landslide afternoon delight performs wanna touch yeah kiss landslide feature series sixth soundtrack album glee music volume united_kingdom wanna touch yeah omitted glee music volume afternoon delight features included instead cover think sexy sung planned featured episode appear animal number performed tracks appear seventh soundtrack album glee neon trees bassist recounted approached band valley music arts festival thank allowing animal brought song murphy attention wrote originated landslide visited glee set day song filmed reception ratings sexy broadcast march united_states fox watched million american viewers initial airing according nielsen ratings episode attained nielsen rating share demographic highest rated night episode total viewership ratings share increased significantly previous episode blame alcohol received million viewers garnered rating share demographic original airing weeks earlier canadian broadcast march sexy received million viewers placed eleventh weekly program rankings good audience blame alcohol aired weeks earlier watched million viewers improvement weekly ranking fourteenth place australia sexy watched million viewers march glee eighth watched night slight increase million viewers watched blame alcohol week sixth watched night united_kingdom episode broadcast april watched million viewers million watched cable week viewership slightly blame alcohol previous week totaled million viewers critical reception episode received positive response reviewers disagreed generally praised kurt storylines atlantic deemed sexy episode mixed messages treated issues raised appropriate failed play sex argument probably thought atlantic writer criticized series subject half attempt ing hammer home moral writing atlantic called solid episode strong character moments time james_poniewozik felt episode began lacked subtlety involved embarrassing moments focused continued achieve moments delight honest emotion described incredibly comprehensive enjoyable boot ign robert_canning said avoided preaching teaching instead fun let guest star steal scenes rolling_stone wrote glee continues climb successfully marrying actual sex lessons camp humor reviewers preferred return sexy appearance substitute washington_post emily felt better integrated episode wall_street_journal called return infinitely better appearance puzzle sly quick appropriately adult episode showcased comedic timing stiff dance skills better wrote possible felt served anchor busy episode contrast entertainment_weekly mixed feelings holly believed character dominated screen time todd_vanderwerff liked acting disliked holly interaction said lacked chemistry daily news disliked return emma separation commented appearance substitute relatively fresh sexy acting like cardboard version self overly lines carefully choreography found scenes ridiculous wrote actress failed bring element realism character wondered holly appeared perfect mentor sexually confused kids given previous appearance fun equipped deal issues canning said moment came screen episode lit episode fun funny showcase everybody favorite recurring character echoed called new favorite cast member storyline featuring brittany received acting praised houston_chronicle wrote fear confusion journey rendered honesty subtlety rarely exhibited somewhat surprised storyline observed previously portrayed vulnerable enjoyed depth brought character described rivera perfect vanity_fair wrote rivera deserve special praise complex way portray relationship vanderwerff highlighted work actresses choir room scene landslide sung vanderwerff described scene confessed feelings brittany better scenes season impressed episode found heartbreak treated canning felt revelation built better reviewers including visit talk kurt widespread praise talk harper buddytv described best scene episode called uncomfortable father son sex talks committed television realistic colleague brown said lovely open hearted true deemed awkward watch wrote scene served convince loved father son pair found realistic moving gave particular praise portraying determination helping son completely grounded performance helps anchor reality burns emma month old marriage criticized going substitute teacher relationship advice found stupid vanderwerff disliked episode portrayal emma recently seen stronger altogether appealing emma inconsistent depiction positive comments canning singled emma ignorance afternoon delight actually reviewers enthusiastic pairing somewhat divided mtv emily called favorite couple evening cited ridiculous logic share canning called scenes said buying relationship couple resurrected pairing finn quinn harper didn love column vanderwerff couldn bring care comment music performances musical performances episode attracted wide range commentary enthusiastic dismissive song landslide received generally high marks brown wrote performances felt little lackluster stood particularly awful maintained songs universally great reviewers agreed performance wanna touch yeah sexy entertained number thought holly vocals oddly subdued trying imitate voice gave grade gave grade took issue vocals enjoyed energy brittany dancing rolling_stone different view singing said holly muster vocal power gave song stars noted amazing roberts called performance leather clad hair mess gave performance wrote completely captured track naughty spirit brittany took bump grind atop music room piano inclusion wanna touch yeah episode dealing sex education adolescent sexuality sparked controversy original performer writer registered sex united_kingdom convicted sexual crimes involving minors including conviction possession child pornography conviction child sexual abuse vietnam charities dedicated serving helping children filed complaints fox producers glee television executives episode broadcast month later rumored considering removal scene entirely spokesperson channel stated episode air explained scene justified programme seek censor material proper context executive director london based children charity said producers consider track context sex education class fact song linked wholly inappropriate edition glee music volume track afternoon delight included instead afternoon delight variously described goofy given generally positive reception called performance absolutely hilarious characterized cover pretty impressive gave grade los_angeles_times enthusiastic said incredible rendition ranked best moments glee grade issued strong arrested development better wrote wasted performance gave cited incredible harmonies gave song stars animal received widely mix reviews harper wrote good job special called super fun great finally kurt share spotlight pleased kurt said ruined song likened performance acid moves facial expressions roberts called version said setting felt contrived gave song end scale grade summary completely crush gave number deemed unforgettable praised unique song selection called pure fun described season characterized performance successful kurt series reliable lead singers severely lead singer said thought cool enthusiasm performance kiss reviewers impressed falsetto harper said ears sad said didn like sections natural register gave performance harper noted holly saved song said hits falsetto notes didn feel chemistry final kiss hand said chemistry called cover pretty great gave roberts praised real sex appeal morrison brought number deemed rigid burns commented white people ought performing prince called music dismayed white white people dancing enjoyed dancing wrote strong holds slow cuts perfect swivel lean seductive landslide received praise songs episode vanderwerff harper named episode best number harper noted great harmonies added got called rendition gorgeous perfection went star maximum performance stars roberts found performance pretty called perfectly pitched power song lesbian love surprisingly poignant noted cover based version gave grades respectively came wished rivera sung lead vocal meaning song held welcomed cover landslide hoped bring songs new generation approved performance said sang beautifully chart history cover versions released singles debuted billboard hot appeared musical charts hot rendition landslide debuted number number thirty hot songs hot wanna touch yeah number seven number canadian hot animal number number canadian hot kiss number eighty number eighty canadian hot afternoon delight chart list | Sexy (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
28395_NeverBeenKissed(Glee) | kissed glee kissed sixth episode second season american television series glee eighth episode overall written directed premiered fox november kissed glee club members assigned boys girls singing competition bullying club member meets new ally lead singer rival glee club released juvenile detention forms friendship football coach shannon dot marie jones hurt learns students quell moods episode began story arc bullying spanned remainder season coincided bullied youths reportedly gave cast crew additional inspiration best work songs covered form mash ups released singles charted billboard hot critics mash ups performances cover teenage dream particularly received glee single chart million viewers watched kissed episodes submitted judges glee nomination outstanding comedy series category 63rd primetime emmy awards jones received outstanding guest actress comedy series nomination work submitted episode judging reviewers approved performance critical storyline plotting bullying story generally approved episode sub plot plot glee club director announces second new directions boys girls singing competition later sees shaken hallway slammed locker school bully takes kurt office recover kurt criticizes school failure act bullying lack challenge club competition decides modify assignment teams perform songs groups opposite gender kurt new spin boys ideas team especially dismissive suggests spy competitors forthcoming round choir competition girls team decides sings mash start prayer kurt visits boys private school watches perform teenage dream befriended lead singer gay encourages kurt stand time attacked kurt confronts boys locker room argument kissed leaves kurt stunned kurt tells kurt later try talk difficulties confusion homosexual feelings causing denies happened soon returns bullying kurt granted early release juvenile detention condition performs community service picks fulfill service school courtyard sing duet love people ready giving donations helps setting double date rivera believed working gang members tells return detention center finds alternative type service admits despite miserable locked want return convinces complete required real community service offers tutor school members need cool making discover football coach shannon effective finds technique deeply hurt resignation attempts convince stay gives friendly kiss admits kissed invites watch boys competition performance apologize mash stop love free mind win forgiveness production kissed written series creator directed premiered november launched story arc bullying glee creator building season half explained wanted kurt reach point accept abusive treatment received planned follow developments rest year characters affected revelation stemmed homosexual feelings based personal acquaintance murphy episode written occurred nation teenage victims bullying murphy said added extra significance kissed cast crew best push story episode introduced gay member rival glee club september casting released actor portray cute charismatic gay high school junior lead competing glee club auditioned glee times role character breakdown believed chance securing audition successful introduced primarily mentor kurt explained point kurt sexuality sense life finds gay empowering sees kurt struggling things deal think wants knowledge murphy described character great self regret having run away intended form story arc season tries set right past mistakes knew eventually kurt boyfriend role originally intended new club member producers decided change sam paired quinn based characters chemistry immediate outcry fans wanted couple murphy later decided pair romantically recurring characters appeared glee club members sam bully cheerleader potter students coach shannon physical appearance comedy episode jones offended called said serves purpose message hoped maybe people think outside murphy intended storyline highlight fact bullying damaging necessarily overt stated episode completely change young minds aware consequences actions different forms cruelty think great great gift guest starred david respectively additional members guest starred probation officer episode featured cover versions teenage dream katy_perry love people ready mash ups start prayer stop love vogue free mind songs performed released singles available download teenage dream love people ready featured soundtrack album glee music volume teenage dream later included opening track seventh soundtrack album glee background vocals teenage dream provided collegiate cappella group reception ratings original broadcast kissed watched million american viewers attained nielsen rating share demographic rating season low point glee rated night broadcast categories viewed scripted week adults ranked viewers australia episode watched million viewers decline previous weeks attributed sydney morning herald regular viewers away week canada million viewers watched episode placing twelfth week episode watched million viewers million watched cable week accolades glee nominated outstanding comedy series category 63rd primetime emmy awards kissed episodes submitted consideration paired season fourth episode jones received outstanding guest actress comedy series nomination work glee second season submitted performance episode final judging critical response kissed received mixed reviews critics kurt storyline cnn thought glee best episode far ign robert_canning rated signifies outstanding episode dismissed emotionally episodes produced todd_vanderwerff deemed failure level huffington_post found response string teenage gay early houston_chronicle james_poniewozik time approved storyline principle opined glee willingness raise mainstream awareness issues incredibly courageous appreciated span multi episode arc critical depiction practice elements plot highlighted problematic holmes felt swift transition bullying kissing kurt absurd emotionally disapproved treating kurt upset key problem bullying provoked found advice kurt misleading dangerous especially suggestion targeted children held responsible confronting attackers putting risk injury protecting vanderwerff critical found tolerance unrealistic disappointed glee declined depict flawed high school bullying favor creating paradise noted storyline inherently flawed previously treated bullying light hearted manner opined saving grace focus placed probably strongest actor interesting character glee kids praise performance came canning entertainment_weekly approved episode depiction simple solution bullying los_angeles_times commented testament writers cast kiss audience kurt commended transitioning nuanced character story hidden motives mtv wrote episode inspire single teenager courage face discrimination consider bullying impressive accomplishment storyline met criticism questioned look high school students gauge element found creepy criticized depiction object pity felt behavior worse students acted amazing kissed disliked way viewers humiliation invited laugh expense holmes criticized glee denying dignity observation plot given kurt vanderwerff commented negatively way glee plays masculine nature simultaneously viewers mocking called kiss heartfelt completely canning praised jones best performance season raw real confession sub plot received generally positive reviews called best authentic night praise performance canning felt served comical break episode storylines vanity_fair enjoyed additional depth given stack new_york commented positively friendship vanderwerff deemed episode storyline wrote awkward inclusion duet feelings brittany forced nature scene confesses want return juvenile detention storyline lifting music performances reviews episode musical numbers mixed mash ups favorably received performances canning felt songs storytelling wrote mash ups stuffed hour emily washington_post said served real purpose buddytv harper enjoyed harmonies simple arrangement love people ready daily news gave praise vocals stack graded called nice performance context concern shared rolling_stone preferred rendition good die young episode perry expressed approval cover song teenage dream social networking website twitter harper found choreography uncomfortable viewing zap2it agreed performers appeared bit felt song worked remarkably overall deemed best song episode appreciated understated numbers performed rival glee club vocal adrenaline season stack went called performance favorites glee enjoyed choreography arrangement graded gave song called flawless improvement perry original december guide named rendition glee best performances girls rolling_stones mash received favorably stack graded called fun writers appreciated black leather costumes harper liked costumes energetic performance felt comparison mash girls performed season episode commented costumes choreography overwhelmed vocals point little glee called song gave lowest performance grade episode suggested glee responsible reviving hoped girls performance serve end boys vogue mash graded stack liked combination artists harper preferred girls costumes felt boys gave better performance found overly sentimental context preferred girls song gave commented previous mash given fantastic episode better chart history cover versions featured debuted billboard hot appeared musical charts hot rendition teenage dream debuted number sold downloads day total copies week best day week sales numbers single glee single billboard chart debuted number canadian hot teenage dream single pilot don stop certified gold songs hot start prayer number thirty number canadian hot stop love free mind number thirty number canadian hot love people ready number number thirty canadian hot | Never Been Kissed (Glee) | Media and drama | Television | Glee episodes |
82_JessieStephen | april june twentieth century british labour activist local councillor grew scotland won scholarship train teacher family finances dictated leading domestic worker age involved national labour issues teenager organisations moving lancashire london visited united_states canada held meetings public including english domestic workers stephen later involved formal political parties elected local councillor standing candidate general elections moving bristol woman president appointed life commemorated blue plaque bristol biography stephen recorded labour activist described working class childhood family sources stephen place birth london glasgow eldest children closely family father tailor described virtually scottish working class women social political union member known attended sunday schools separately linked church socialism educated won scholarship train pupil teacher father low variable income meant afford pursue teacher domestic worker age father founder member established described mother quiet opposite dad early career referred young activist joined aged youngest member glasgow delegation chancellor member led scottish involving attacks pillar boxes glasgow february stephen approached moved glasgow london considered active members workers suffrage federation april stephen number speakers address crowd people opposing speakers included active member conference argued use force events preceding treaty creation ussr 1920s visited united_states holding public meetings immigrant communities scotland wales fund raising visited vancouver encouraged english domestic workers middle years stephen later lived lancashire london involved sold women dreadnought elected labour borough councillor failing selected parliamentary candidate worked stood labour candidate general elections worked freelance journalist established agency joined time second world war worked garden city later moved bristol worked branch operative later chair local management committee time spoke publicly gave advice birth control elected city council woman president later life general election candidate labour_party super mare constituency appointed services trade union movement june died life commemorated blue plaque | Jessie Stephen | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
265_GeorgeN.Briggs | april september american lawyer politician massachusetts whig served years united_states house_of_representatives served seven year terms 19th governor massachusetts raised rural upstate new york studied law western massachusetts civic involvement successful legal practice preceded statewide political activity elected congress supported conservative whig agenda serving regular advocate alcohol consumption nominated run democratic governor whig bid rural votes easily won election sought avoid contentious issue slavery protested south_carolina policy allowing imprisonment free african americans supported capital punishment notably refusing death sentence murder died accidental gunshot wound home massachusetts early life education born april eleventh children originally rhode_island descent parents moved family manchester vermont seven years later new_york household religious father baptist mother gave children religious instruction bible age second great awakening especially strong upstate new york experienced conversion experience joined baptist faith spoke revival meetings experience drawing applause crowds according hall came know time lifelong friend political associate faith informed personal behavior remained committed religious ideals instance congressional sessions stretched sunday alcohol consumption sporadically attended public schools years support older brothers embarked study law admitted massachusetts bar opened practice adams moved trial work characterized contemporary clear brief fond telling stories formal settings helped establish baptist church congregation met married children george henry called raise orphaned children brother brothers supported law studies died followed wife long afterward involvement civic life began local level register deeds northern district massachusetts elected town clerk appointed chairman board commissioners highways interest politics sparked acquaintance served united_states house_of_representatives criminal case tried brought wider notice indian living accused murder appointed court defend convinced evidence man innocent described contemporary plea model jury jury unfortunately disagreed convicted man hanged true murderer confessed commission crime despite rise prominence ineligible state offices property decided run congress requirement elected second fourth anti whig fifth seventh serving march march decided run reelection known later years cotton whig favor opposed expansion slavery western territories seek threaten unity nation strong stance slavery served serving time chairman committee regular recipient complaints southern states concerning transmission abolitionist seen matter controversy southern legislators sought types banned friend hall sat committee drafted report legislative proposals committee house refused accept report authorship report appears entirely hall contributed hall publication report major political journal document influential driving later congressional debate legislative proposals concerning abolitionist adopted hall instrumental drafting gaining passage included substantive accounting reforms wake financial time congress vocal advocate formed sitting executive committee convention new_york advocated taking total way bring people away alcohol notably prepared pledge kentucky representative floor house_of_representatives moves organize movement congress died left body cause continue rest life chosen president governor massachusetts nominated run governorship whig ticket incumbent democrat governor nominated refused nomination possibly promised party support future vice presidential bid apparently recommended compromise candidate acceptable different factions party controlled probably chosen appeal directly state rural voters constituency normally supported abolitionist fielded candidate result candidates won needed majority legislature decided election cases whig majority election assured reelected annually succession democratic opponents won popular election parties including successor involved reputation aristocratic bearing man people preceding whig governors alarmed recently enacted policy south_carolina authorizing imprisonment free blacks arriving massachusetts northern states sent representatives protest policy daughter elizabeth unsuccessful changing south_carolina policy protests perceived yankee interference southern affairs advised leave state safety capital punishment major issue debated state tenure social calling abolition personally favored capital punishment political reasons called use seeking example limit application murder cases involving degree murder murder case anti death penalty sentiment thought role seeking anti death penalty lobby proposed eliminating penalty crimes murder expressed concern sympathetic undermine connection crime punishment argument trial washington black accused killing rival affections lady case essentially jury district attorney punishment crimes violence convicted calls capital sentence refused writing pardon tend utter law long case came sensational trial professor murder crime took place november trial received nationwide coverage prosecution case based evidence complicated fact complete corpse found founded new types evidence forensic time trial furthermore chief justice widely criticized bias instructions gave jury petitioned sentence death penalty opponents threatened physical harm refused stating evidence case clear especially gave confession reason doubt court acted proper time governor abolitionist activists continued democrats primarily making common cause democrats dominant stance cotton whig opposition forces opposed federal demands states assist raising troops war earning wrath activist promote types reform supporting activities improve education state failed secure majority popular vote rise power whig legislature returned office election anger compromise series federal acts designed preserve unity nation included fugitive slave act prompted democrats free form coalition gain control massachusetts legislature divided lines gubernatorial election sent legislature democrat chosen later years resumed practice law member state constitutional convention sat judge nominated governor fading movement trailed far candidates appointed president abraham_lincoln diplomatic mission roughly present day colombia panama died position september getting closet home gun fell picking gun discharged shot died early morning september buried | George N. Briggs | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
266_SimonBradstreet | simon simon baptized march march colonial magistrate businessman diplomat governor arriving massachusetts constantly involved politics colony governor served diplomatic missions agent crown london served commissioner politically comparatively moderate arguing minority positions favor freedom speech accommodation demands king charles_ii following restoration throne married anne daughter massachusetts founder new_england published poet businessman investing land shipping interests advanced age died referred new england descendants include famous holmes early life baptized march second sons simon father rector parish church descended minor irish nobility father vocal young simon acquired religious views early life age cambridge studied years entering service earl lincoln assistant uncertainty returned according attended time receiving degree opinion individual recommended tutor governor lord rich son earl rich preston named master took position moved temporarily boston return years later briefly served steward married daughter anne earl lincoln circle formed view establishing colony north_america involved company april joined colonial governor fleet ships carried massachusetts bay founded boston capital massachusetts bay colony brief stay boston residence later renamed cambridge near harvard square sat trial voted colony granted land salem near lived time moving founding settlers home destroyed fire supposedly maid varied business interests land investing colonists ship involved trade purchased shares land development company interests country present day southern rhode_island leading figures serving management committee publishing advertising lands died owned acres land communities spread colony known slaves woman named hannah daughter heavily involved colonial politics council met time boston selected serve colonial secretary post hold politically moderate arguing legislation judicial decisions people speaking governing outspoken opposition witch infested home town salem culminating numerous trials served years commissioner representing massachusetts organization coordinated matters common interest principally defense new_england colonies regularly chosen assistant serving council dominated public affairs colony reach higher office elected deputy governor military actions colony foreign neighbors opposing official intervention french dispute spoke attacking new anglo dutch war sent number diplomatic missions dealing settlers english colonies dutch sent connecticut treaty negotiated determine boundary english colonies following years negotiated agreement settlers york bring massachusetts jurisdiction following restoration charles_ii throne england colonial authorities concerned preserving charter rights headed legislative committee consider debate matters touching patent rights privileges duty majesty proper letter committee drafted reiterated colony charter rights included allegiance loyalty crown chosen agents deliver letter london charles renewed charter sent agents massachusetts letter conditions colony expected things expand religious tolerance include church_of_england religious minorities like agents harshly criticized factions legislature defended need accommodate king wishes course respond king demands divided colony moderate faction arguing colony obey king wishes faction lost debate commonwealth faction favor aggressively maintaining colony charter rights led governors charles distracted war dutch domestic politics late issue lay dormant relations colony crown deteriorated king renewed demands legislative religious reforms resisted governor early governor died deputy succeeded opposed accommodation king demands change leadership late turn governor original charter deputy commonwealth faction tenure crown agent colony attempting enforce certain types trade involving colony illegal enforcement attempts vigorously resisted merchant classes sympathetic despite attempts accommodate frequently refused condemn ships accused violating acts instance tried times jury change verdict attempts enforce navigation laws eventually convinced colony general court needed create mechanisms enforcement bill establish naval office vigorously debated house deputies dominated commonwealth party opposing idea moderate supporting bill finally passed victory commonwealth party making enforcement difficult subject lawsuits refused actually implement law published open challenges degree won election judicial authority undermine law effects threats report colonial legislature prompted dispatch agents england argue colony case powers limited shortly arrival late issued ultimatum colony grant agents wider powers including ability negotiate modifications charter risk having charter general court responded issuing agents instructions hard line following legal processes begun charter formally october dominion temporary return governor king charles_ii established brother law served colonial agents commissioned james president king took control colony offered position council refused replaced december sir came greatly massachusetts existing land titles seizing church properties church_of_england religious services high handed rule unpopular colonies dominion idea revolt arose early january news december glorious revolution reached boston william mary took throne sir massachusetts agents london petitioned restoration massachusetts charter furthermore convinced delay revolution dispatched letter containing news report prepared revolution stating charter illegally prepare minds people change news revolution apparently reached individuals early late march possible organizers mob formed boston april pre dominion members council addressed open letter day calling surrender order quiet mob fled safety surrendered eventually returned england months confinement wake arrest council safety formed president council drafted letter william mary colony acts language similar william invaded england council fairly quickly decided revert government old charter form resumed governorship annually elected governor defend colony opposed old rule characterized reports london strangers stirring trouble colony northern frontier war frequent indian raiding approved expeditions sir quebec william mary issued charter establishing appointed governor offered position council new governor arrived declined died home salem march age advanced age called new england family legacy buried salem poetry wife anne published england including verses containing expressions enduring love husband died couple children seven survived infancy married widow captain son salem descendants include holmes president actor | Simon Bradstreet | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
679_GeorgeW.Johnson(governor) | governor april confederate governor kentucky lawyer turned farmer kentucky johnson favored means preventing civil war believing forces equal strength wary attack political sentiment commonwealth took decidedly union turn following elections johnson instrumental organizing sovereignty convention kentucky intent forever connection convention created confederate shadow government commonwealth johnson elected governor despite political experience having previously served years johnson ensure success shadow government kentucky admitted confederacy december shadow government influence commonwealth extended far advanced abandoned confederate capital governor johnson government officials accompanied despite advanced age crippled arm johnson volunteered military service general army johnson killed battle making state governor union confederate fall battle civil war succeeded second governor early life career born near georgetown kentucky son major william major johnson died soon close war participant home stepfather johnson received degrees august married daughter captain couple children seven lived adulthood johnson briefly practiced law georgetown decided preferred farming owned acre km2 farm near georgetown acre km2 plantation arkansas johnson elected democrat offered nominations lieutenant governor congressman declined august johnson headed committee seized abolitionist printing press shipped cincinnati ohio civil war supported president feel abraham_lincoln election justified republicans controlled congress supreme_court formed johnson began lose hope kentucky union instead began advocate kentucky join confederacy believing union confederate nations evenly matched consider war negotiate free trade agreement benefit johnson traveled richmond virginia ask respect kentucky neutrality civil war following near sweep kentucky state federal elections union nelson established union recruiting camp southern saw breach commonwealth neutrality called state rights convention september johnson delegates seventy kentucky counties attended convention delegates elected chair called restoration kentucky neutrality war condemned federal government invasion minute effort prevent kentucky aiding union unsuccessful johnson known southern fled virginia avoid potential arrest union forces virginia johnson traveled tennessee despite age crippled arm volunteered aid general october group johnson met kentucky discuss formation confederate government commonwealth believing government represent majority kentucky citizens johnson chaired committee authored convention final report personally introduced key resolutions report called sovereignty convention ties federal government johnson notable members committee arrangements convention november delegates representing kentucky counties convened days shadow government established temporary capital johnson unanimously chosen governor new confederate state confederate governor november johnson wrote confederate president request kentucky admission confederacy davis reservation elected general_assembly forming confederate government concluded johnson request merit kentucky admitted confederacy december winter johnson tried assert legitimacy fledgling government avail jurisdiction extended far area controlled johnson came short raising troops requested richmond efforts levy taxes citizens turn guns government similarly unsuccessful january johnson requested sum million meet provisional government operating expenses congress instead approved sum million expenditure required approval secretary president davis sustain provisional government johnson lack hearing family weighed heavily family member contact son madison joined cavalry johnson admired respected morgan pleased son chosen serve requested letter wife send year old son serve despite johnson ensure son safety wife refused request johnson practice avoid interference military decisions supported morgan request light artillery pieces command contrast consistently opposed command general trying repeatedly unsuccessfully removed unclear military influence johnson position governor enjoyed relationship confederate generals death battle general forced withdraw troops february confederate state government moved army tennessee april general attacked union army tennessee battle governor johnson served volunteer aide colonel horse killed johnson fought foot company fourth kentucky infantry regiment insisted sworn private declared good night rest ready fight tomorrow day governor johnson seriously wounded right thigh abdomen lay wounded battlefield morning recognized union general johnson attended johnson taken aboard union hospital ship despite physicians died april friends union army including general packed johnson body salt shipped louisville georgetown burial | George W. Johnson (governor) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
726_JonathanJennings | march july governor indiana term congressman indiana born new_jersey virginia studied law initially intended practice law took jobs assistant federal land office assistant clerk territorial legislature support pursued interests land speculation politics involved dispute territorial governor soon led enter politics set tone early political career moved eastern settled near elected delegate dividing supporters running anti harrison candidate leader anti slavery pro faction territorial government political allies took control territorial assembly dominated governmental affairs resignation governor harrison congressional delegate aided passage enabling act authorized organization indiana state government state constitution elected president indiana constitutional convention held june helped draft state constitution supported effort ban slavery state favored strong legislative branch government august elected serve governor indiana age elected additional term pressed construction roads schools negotiated treaty mary open central indiana american settlement opponents attacked participation treaty negotiations unconstitutional brought proceedings measure narrowly defeated vote month long investigation resignation lieutenant governor second term following panic encountered financial problems situation exacerbated inability business interests run state government simultaneously ineligible term indiana governor state constitution looked means financial support shortly completion second term governor elected retiring public service promoted federal spending internal improvements heavy alcohol life addiction worsened death wife ann development alcoholism led defeat reelection campaign retirement condition worsened unable work farm finances collapsed creditors sought land holdings farm protect friend senator purchased farm permitted continue living death estate sold left funds purchase grave remained unmarked seven years historians offered varied interpretations life impact development indiana early state historians gave high praise credited defeat pro slavery forces indiana laying foundation state critical historians prohibition era described self promoting politician focused alcoholism modern historians places importance extremes agreed assessment state owes early life family background son jacob born new_jersey virginia march sixth children father doctor presbyterian missionary ordained minister mother educated practiced medicine daughter presbyterian minister new_jersey mary medical degree assisted husband practice father moved family pennsylvania remained adulthood mother death raised older sister sarah brother particularly close younger sister ann husband physician home attended nearby grammar school pennsylvania received basic education classmates later political allies studied law washington pennsylvania left pennsylvania moved ohio brother law office helped cases headed west stayed briefly moved capital early open law practice admitted bar april difficulty earning income lawyer finding clients territory busy july federal land receiver friend pennsylvania invited job assistant federal land office engaged land speculation obtained significant land holdings substantial profits assistant clerk territorial legislature continued speculate sale public lands confrontation harrison august appointed clerk board trustees began drawn ongoing political disputes going territory territorial governor member president board governor harrison considerable influence political appointments veto powers received university appointment general resigned clerk board following dispute harrison proposal ban french residents university board defeated harrison proposal resigned clerk selected replacement harrison loyal supporters harrison outraged promptly resigned board later decision september harrison easily reelected board selected president meantime wrote pamphlet describing board proceedings certified board knowledge approval angered harrison attempted secure territorial legislature opponent anti slavery candidate enemy harrison dropped race floyd selected position important political ally april harrison reelected president board commission appointed investigate conduct committee inquiry concerned certification pamphlet dealing board proceedings knowledge incident led resignation created considerable animosity prevailed years march believed future harrison dominated western territory bleak november left moved settling nearby believed political future success eastern territory settlements southeast eastern portion territory opposed slavery harrison aristocratic manner similar beliefs western portion territory area remained petitions allow slavery received formation issue attracted widespread attention harrison supporters territorial legislature revived efforts allow slavery territory supporters opposed slavery wrote writing articles appearing western sun newspaper attacking harrison administration pro slavery sentiments aristocratic policies congressman resigned office harrison ordered special election fill vacancy entered race harrison candidate attorney general territory native support group promised introduce slavery territory majority constituents agreed johnson remained silent issue candidate eastern portion territory rode settlement settlement speeches slavery spoke believed aristocratic tendencies ties harrison territorial government issue slavery territory found greatest support growing community eastern territory november elected delegate election close votes johnson taking votes challenged election results traveled washington case claimed election officials follow proper procedures ninety votes county seventh district argued votes vote totals discarded revised totals winner house committee took case issued resolution favor recommended new election held immediately left launch new campaign seat house defeated committee recommendation vote margin permitted seat territorial delegate congress learned legislative process served house committees introduced legislation debated issues continued ongoing crusade governor harrison play major role congressional discussions effort represent interests constituents reelected courtship marriage session congress small portrait later gave daughter prominent politician recently begun hay born kentucky family moved settled met campaigning congress session congress ended returned married eighteen year old ann august ann father died leaving family means support following reelection congress couple returned washington remained briefly traveling pennsylvania live sister remainder session wife suffered ill health deteriorated governor indiana died protected illness later year married come kentucky teach seminary children marriage congressman battle harrison angered electoral loss supporters challenging duel stabbed times recovered challenged bid reelection harrison came personally behalf focused slavery issue tied continued attempts institution congressional election coincided popular election delegates territorial legislature year prior election territory pro slavery faction suffered significant setback illinois separated cutting harrison supporters western portion territory harrison suggested expanded political base french residents territory defeat harrison pro slavery policies following triumph election anti slavery allies successful legislative agenda limited territorial governor authority repealed act service term congress stepped attacks harrison accusing office personal gain taking questionable land speculation deals raising tensions native american tribes frontier presented congressional resolution intended reduce harrison authority political appointments opposed policy purchasing lands indians harrison territorial governor sent scathing letter president argued harrison allies washington argued behalf aided securing hostilities broke frontier americans native tribes culminating battle november successfully promoted passage bill grant compensation veterans battle years killed privately lamented battle friends territory harrison situation causing loss life calls war great_britain increased war hawks ultimately accepted arrival war early war harrison commissioned military general dispatched defend frontier invade canada caused resign post territorial governor prior harrison resignation allies moved quickly advantage situation initiated efforts weaken governor authority territorial legislature voted capital away stronghold began shift political power territorial governor delegates territorial legislature elected officials elderly acting governor territorial duties largely dealt military affairs challenge territorial legislature harrison successor confirmed march party territorial legislature entrenched began advance request ran reelection congress pro slavery candidate taylor campaign divisive career taylor derided went far challenge duel refused ran slavery issue fielding new motto slavery indiana supporters tied taylor territorial judge pro slavery movement easily won reelection thanks expanding base support included growing community following reelection developed illness caused alcoholism recovered term congress began advocating granted indiana held formally introducing legislation end war ran sparks reelection campaign easily won push territorial legislature ready embark course december introduced petition territorial legislature congress requested indiana census showed territory population exceeding minimum requirement house began debate measure passed enabling act april act granted indiana right form government elect delegates constitutional convention create state constitution territorial governor expressed concern territory populated provide sufficient tax revenue fund state government letter president madison recommended president veto bill delay years allow finish term governor madison signed bill ignoring plea leading member territorial legislature able secure election anti slavery delegates constitutional convention delegate convention held june new territorial capital elected president assembly permitted appoint convention committee delegates drafted new constitution indiana majority content copied state notably ohio kentucky items new unique indiana slavery prohibited territorial legislation banned indiana constitution contracts servants existence preserved new state government divided legislative executive judicial branches gave governor limited powers concentrated authority hands county officials shortly convention publicly announced candidacy governor governor campaign election state convention june informed delegates intended run governor early july publicly announced candidacy indiana territorial governor opponent announced candidacy governor prior convention june weeks august election little active campaigning thought indiana premature popular candidate suffered health issues won large majority votes votes probably came eastern portion state support particularly strong probably came western portion moved new state capital served duration term governor salary governor highest elected official state constitution governor served year term prohibited serving years year period agenda called establishing court proceedings secure justice organizing state funded educational systems creating state banking system preventing unlawful seizure free blacks organizing state library planning internal improvements efforts limited success state limited financial resources limited powers governor strongly condemned slavery inauguration speech governor refined stance institution november encouraged state legislature enact laws prevent unlawful attempts seize carry persons color legally entitled freedom preventing owe service citizens state territory seeking limits state refuge possession owners acknowledged earlier position fugitive slaves claiming needed preserve harmony states agreed allow citizens means slave escaping state belong little delay possible citizens kentucky difficulty slaves escaped indiana internal improvements began promoting large scale plan internal improvements state projects directed construction roads canals projects enhance commercial appeal economic viability state second term state government continued support public improvements new road construction expanded settlement central indiana indianapolis site state permanent capital new settlers arrived area appropriated new road construction improvements important routes considerably short needed state experienced budget shortages low tax revenues forced pursue means financing projects main sources funds came issuing government bonds state bank sales public lands state spending borrowing led short term budget problems despite early setbacks poor access capital eventually halted improvement programs caused fold lack funds infrastructure improvements initiated attracted new settlers state population boundaries new state decades following governorship indiana population grew thousand surpassed million inaugural speech august called attention need educational plan annual message state legislature encouraged establishment free state funded education system called state constitution state citizens willing impose taxes fund public schools state legislature believed priority given creating government infrastructure lack public funds postponed creation state library system governor administration beginning state banking institutions closely tied state government fiscal affairs challenging state extremely limited economic population base economic depression late teens early twenties lack experience banking state politicians citizens factors indiana banking rested foundation prosperous years preceding remedy problem signed legislation create converting established territorial charter new bank main headquarters established new branches soon federal funds involved land speculation established chose remain separate state bank territorial charter valid state expenditures exceeded revenues preferred secure state debts bank loans cover issuing treasury notes taxes levied state borrowed state fiscal status remained bleak worsened economic depression federal deposits suspended bank notes longer accepted purchases federal land offices numerous reports corruption collapse land values brought panic bank financial distress bank june circuit court declared charter november upheld termination bank charter concluded federal deposits issued paper debt exceeding limited allowed charter established branches capital support paid shareholders large took steps dissolve paying debts owed years failure indiana citizens depended branch louisville financial services farmers fared better charter expired january paper passed rates years criticized monitoring state banks carefully investigating bank officials potential wrongdoing second term spent state continuing financial difficulties tax revenues land sales remained low state revenue sufficient repay bonds finance internal improvements forced significantly value bonds state credit making difficult secure new loans tenure governor nominated candidates quickly confirmed state legislature late appointed federal commissioner negotiate treaty native americans miami delaware lived northern central parts indiana treaty mary allowed purchase millions acres land north treaty line extending west parcels land opened central indiana american settlement appointment created crisis political career state constitution prohibited person holding federal government position exercising duties state governor political enemies seized opportunity force office arguing vacated governor office accepted federal appointment lieutenant governor claimed abandoned elected office took state acting governor absence meantime launched investigation learned situation actions questioned burned documents received federal government related assignment legislature called harrison appear questioning declined stating assembly authority harrison refused appear assembly recognized acting governor men meet legislature assembly demanded copies documents received federal government prove acting agent responded possession public documents calculated advance public interest pleasure shall times prepared afford information constitution laws state require difficulty real supposed grown circumstances having connected negotiation mary feel duty state committee acted entire conviction anxious desire promote welfare accomplish wishes people state assisting add large fertile tract country possess legislature summoned surrounding area knowledge events found certain role commission short debate house passed resolution voting recognize governor dropped proceedings house votes opposing came largely state western counties harrison outraged decision resigned lieutenant governor harrison ran reelection bid won election large majority votes harrison win margin suggests remained popular politician state voters overly concerned attacks governor character personal financial problems personal finances suffered panic indiana governorship continued increase financial burden able recover debts historian suggests financial situation arisen expenses incurred political campaigns long time service state government busy adequately manage farm wife frequently entertained visitors legislators dignitaries home high profile dinner hosted president general dinner held honor leaders making tour frontier states personal loan letter political ally request denied able secure personal loans friends granting land earlier career land land prices decreased significantly forced sell tracts land loss late 1820s critically short cash depended income political office pay expenses farm likely provide sufficient financial support thirty year old prohibited law running reelection term indiana governor forced consider political options decided return congress return congress september shortly second term governor expired candidate congress resigned seat run indiana governor special election held august fill vacant seat congress time state increased population gave indiana congressional seats regular congressional election held day elect indiana principal candidates special election won regular election fill seat indiana second congressional district easily won defeating wide margin democratic republican 17th congress lieutenant governor succeeded governor ran unopposed subsequently elected governor succeed won reelection congress represented indiana republican 18th congress switched allegiance adams republican 19th 20th aligned anti 21st congress continued promote internal infrastructure improvements term congress introduced legislation build forts northwest grant federal funding improvement projects indiana ohio led debate support federal funds build nations longest canal indiana introduced legislative amendment provision locate survey national road west mississippi_river people living indiana illinois assurance road large federal appropriation benefit directly helped secure appropriation funds survey river accessible year round travel reelection second district congressman supported protection internal improvements vowed support presidential candidate constituents preferred election went house decide winner won reelection congress close race beating sullivan madison presidential election american political parties organized candidates running favored adams later clay contested presidential election passed house voted majority gave political support jackson defeated house adams president indiana voters supported jackson hoped victory election seeking advance political career ran senate twice defeated attempts senate candidate time elected state senators congress ballot came incumbent governor came second fourth ballot won senate seat second attempt lost wife died protected illness couple children deeply loss began drink liquor heavily later year married drinking condition worsened frequently serving congress health continued decline struggled alcohol addiction suffered severe ceiling plaster boarding room fell head severely injuring ill health limited ability visit constituents continued remain popular politician indiana congressional election ran unopposed won reelection defeating opponent indiana lieutenant governor publicly favor presidential candidate won second district seat support voters favored final term office house journals introduced legislation frequently present vote matters delivered speech friends led senator took note situation took action block reelection bid drinking political liability man opposed way race congressional seat won election arranged enter race divide supporters left office march later years twice elected grand master serving declined reelection retirement retired wife home felt mistake force public service hoped work force alcohol secured appointment negotiate treaty native tribes northern indiana attended negotiations treaty delegation failed attempt returned farm health steadily declined continued drinking alcohol spending considerable time local tavern frequently discovered sleeping streets ditches alcoholism worsened point longer able tend farm steady income creditors began moving seize estate acquired mortgage farm enlisted help local acquire debts holdings allowed remain farm remainder life encouraged grant permission died heart attack likely brought bout july farm near years old buried brief ceremony unmarked grave estate lacked funds purchase creditors neighbors left unpaid following death sold farm gave widow gift proceeds legacy memorials late nineteenth century attempts erect monument honoring public service separate occasions petitions brought erect marker grave attempt failed state legislature finally granted petition erect monument honor time unmarked independently verified witnesses burial body new site cemetery named honor political impact historians offered varied interpretations life impact development indiana state early historians wrote mythical manner focusing strong positive leadership provided indiana formative years referred young hercules praising crusade harrison slavery assessment positive indiana owes debt prohibition era early twentieth century historians critical wrote height prohibition attitudes alcohol consumption particularly harsh highly critical alcoholism described abilities mediocre argued took decisive stand important issues dismissed importance impact indiana saying legislature leading men set tone era described politician statesman leadership evident convention argued poverty obscure significant contributions territorial delegate congress president state governor congressman modern historians argue legacy lie extremes assessments mills agrees indiana owes debt gratitude accomplishments extensive job state transition democratic form government describes ambitious passionate hot tempered moody argues successful indifferent statesman governor good laying agenda achieving implementation believed popular democracy opposed slavery despised especially rights fellow americans service indiana governor representative congress came end political era beginning governmental power authority shifted governor patronage appointments state legislature elected officials electoral history territorial delegate gubernatorial elections indiana 2nd congressional district | Jonathan Jennings | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
999_ManuelAlberti | january priest buenos_aires city british invasions returned buenos_aires time revolution chosen seven members considered national government argentina supported proposals worked newspaper internal disputes negative effect health died heart attack biography colonial times born buenos_aires baptized following june parish brothers sisters family land plot headquarters studies february graduating philosophy logic physics studied ended secondary education february moved following year university studies theology despite brief return buenos_aires second year health problems finish got doctorate theology physics july got degree interim received months appointed parish baptized worked aforementioned house spiritual works got september resigned year later health problems returned resigned definitively february moved historical records activities territory fell briefly british rule british invasions looting failed resistance hid valuable things half built parish defiance new british rule gave medical aid spanish soldiers catholic deceased spanish forces details british troops located city result jailed released british order restore religious practices invaders attempt enforce population military escort british defeated driven away returned buenos_aires got supposed new jurisdiction split change enforced actually charge involved politics joining groups groups sought generate great political social changes lead revolution selected open celebrated decide fate seven nineteen voted removal supporting proposal supported proposed calling deputies cities brother signed popular petition formulated aimed draft composition replace power day moved house observed events plaza patriots gathered came know chosen member new reasons inclusion unclear members common accepted theory considers balance particular elected serve chaplain government aligned proposals signed shaped new political system related popular sovereignty representative republican principles separation powers publicity government actions freedom speech bases political support actions contradicted religious formation regardless context refused sign death penalty captured defeat counter revolution signed harsh commands given campaign noticing signature exception articles involving capital punishment concerned role church new political system headed dispute considered authority topics prevent abuses governments worked journalism newspaper created ruling created newspaper gave duty selecting news reports publish duty exclusive shared members historians consider real author newspaper editorials signed style similar reports usually considered author conflict caused arrival dean similar ideas president keeping internal dispute expected write harsh comments distanced voted incorporation deputies cities opposed proposal ultimately voted accepting stating political convenience turned left minority group resigned inclusion new deputies increased disputes opposed albeit moderate manner fights affected health mild heart attack january fearing life wrote received sick days later strong disagreement heart attack returning house buried cemetery requested death certificate states hadn given rites death allow time member die commemoration members assisted funeral political enemy domingo affected death point crying replaced decided like social generated death avoided offer resistance nomination requested avoid complex inherited properties house farm furniture slaves clothing books etc siblings personal diaries kept parts lost poor keeping personal historians reconstruct influences ideological background included works theology studies bible studies remains lost chapel demolished way expansion government buenos_aires street honor statue erected neighborhood north buenos_aires district named | Manuel Alberti | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1010_LouisAntoinedeSaint-Just | french pronunciation august july military political leader french revolution youngest deputies elected saint rose quickly ranks major leader government french republic spearheaded movement execute king later drafted radical french constitution close friend served commissioners powerful dispatched army rocky start french revolutionary wars saint imposed severe discipline credited army subsequent revival paris supervised consolidation power ruthless bloody program intimidation relatively brief time historical stage enduring public face reign terror dubbed angel death later writers organized arrests famous figures revolution saint arrested violent episode executed day allies histories revolution deaths mark end reign terror early life born central france eldest child retired french cavalry officer knight years younger daughter younger sisters born family later moved north settled village province establishing countryside noble family living land year father died leaving mother children saved son education sent school promising start saint acquired reputation augmented infamous stories certainly led students rebellion tried burn school nonetheless earned graduation nature diminish young man wild handsome connected popular showed special affection young woman daughter wealthy powerful figure town adolescent said proposed marriage said desired hard evidence exists relationship official records july married prominent local family saint town unaware event tradition portrays true state known weeks marriage abruptly left home paris announcement gathering pair pistols good quantity mother silver venture turned short mother seized police sent correction stayed september march attempted begin enrolled student year drifted away law school returned mother home prospects young age saint shown fascination literature stay time begin writing lengthy poem published anonymously years later outbreak revolution year old saint added touch social times poem poem medieval epic fantasy relates quest young virtues primitive man praising independence blaming present day troubles modern wealth power written style mimicking gave juvenile political brutal satire pornographic episodes attacks monarchy nobility church contemporaries regarded novelty quickly banned tried discovered copies available sell resulted financial loss author public taste literature changed prelude revolution taste changed aside pages unfinished novel found amidst papers end life devoted future writing entirely essays social political theory previous ambitions literary fame directed focus single goal revolutionary command early revolutionary career traditional power structure events previously undisputed town leader challenged group led friends including husband sister attempts successful held open municipal elections mandated new electoral structure allowed friends assume authority village mayor secretary case brother law head local national_guard despite meeting legal age tax qualifications allowed join guard saint immediately exhibited ruthless famous months commanding officer rank lieutenant colonel local meetings moved attendees patriotic zeal flair repeated story brought town council tears hand flame burning anti revolutionary pamphlet swearing devotion republic powerful allies sought member district electoral assembly initiated correspondence known leaders revolution like late wrote time asking consider local petition letter filled highest praise beginning uphold country intrigue know know god correspondence developed deep mysterious friendship day died revolution waited election composed extensive work revolution constitution france published spring writing style shed satire adopted stern tone classical romans french revolutionaries revealed unexpectedly moderate set principles deeply influenced remained fully confined constitutional monarchy expressed violence revolution far character little slaves instead praise people representatives sober virtue guide revolution best spread books revolution inconsistent shows clearly saint longer saw government oppressive man nature necessary success ultimate object edge society direction distant ideal new work like predecessor attracted minimal readership june days published attention focused king ill fated flight theories constitutional monarchy suddenly irrelevant episode effect fostered public anger king year finally mob attacked palace august response assembly declared ready step ahead schedule called new election universal male suffrage timing excellent turned legal age end month fear inspired invasion opponents retire scene elected deputies left paris join youngest member deputy convention deputies interacted little joined remained alike waited november speech convention effect spectacular brought discussion treat king dramatic contrast earlier speakers delivered condemnation king demanded judged king citizen traitor enemy deserves death declared middle ground man reign die oppressed free nation declared enemy abused laws die assure people mind crush people assure young deputy speech electrified convention saint interrupted frequently bursts applause end speech universal observation reign particularly impressed spoke day terms identical views official position december position law king taken trial convention sentenced death executed january constitution french constitution included role king long invalid needed updated republic large number drafts circulating convention king execution submitted lengthy proposal april draft incorporated common right vote right petition equal eligibility employment basic principles draft stood apart rest issue elections dismissed complex systems voting eligibility supported classical style simple majority citizens nationwide vote amid proposals deputies held man vote plan conspicuous homage traditions particularly prized french culture revolution enhanced political plan gained votes pass compromise tasked small body deputies official constitutional elected members recognition importance mission added powerful new convention given committee extraordinary authority provide state security outbreak french revolutionary war early committee members originally intended serve periods thirty days replacements elected needed work quickly took charge issue led development french constitution end term new document completed submitted convention ratified law june new constitution remained saint little wanted implemented emergency measures wartime effect war called provided cover constitutional democracy gave supreme power sitting convention administrative pyramid assistance fought vigorously ensure government remain emergency measures revolutionary victory time working constitution dramatic political warfare taking place deemed people represented grown moderate june mass action supported surrounded convention arrest deputies deputies long enjoyed informal alliance resented intimidation compelled leader indicted treason scheduled trial imprisoned pursued formal charges convention debated fate political disorder lasted weeks previously remained silent clearly stood thoroughly opposed long time initial indictment committee served saint delivered report convention secret negotiations initially unable form consensus concerning jailed deputies fled provinces attempted insurrection opinion hardened early july able address convention lengthy report committee attack left room trials proceed said severe proceedings dragged months allies eventually condemned sent october situation gain approval intimidating new laws culminating law suspects september gave committee vast new powers arrest punishment military saint proposal deputies convention directly oversee military efforts approved october amid conditions fall year deputies sent critical area shore results sufficiently forthcoming end month saint sent ally convention men charged extraordinary powers impose discipline troops start saint dominated mission relentless demanding results commanders sympathetic complaints common soldiers day issued proclamation promising examples justice severity army witnessed short time officers dismissed executed firing squad including general entire army placed immediately discipline soldiers civilians alike opponents revolution agree mass executions ordered deputies mission vetoed deputies work recalled paris local politicians vulnerable powerful revolutionary leader largest city called arrested orders rapidly dispatched saint worked closely general reliable respected surveillance general secured frontier began invasion army returned briefly paris success applauded little time celebrate quickly sent time belgium army north experiencing problems discipline organization delivered results effectively month mission cut short paris political violence assistance required president convention republican army advancing destroyed left wing led controlled convention circumstances day year revolution february elected president new power persuaded chamber pass radical aristocratic property distribute acts wealth arguably revolutionary acts french revolution went operation committee creating procedures enforcement frantic pace political events left opponents saw cynical ploy appeal militant extreme left sincere arguments week adoption urged exercised vigorously hailed new era eliminate poverty free state property patriots sacred goods conspirators powerful earth right speak masters governments neglect spring approached led exercised near complete control government despite vast reach powers rivals enemies remained problems came shape populist discharged criticism newspaper ultra radical club undermined efforts court manage extreme called openly insurrection role president convention announced attacked dignity revolutionary government condemned death convention agreed vote closest associates arrested following day saint vowed pity weakness guilty henceforth government pardon crimes march sent vincent prominent ongoing political combat bloody time arrest known reign terror spread widely fell felt compelled eliminate rivals starting close friend powerful deputies difficult prey financial scandal involving french provided convenient pretext sent saint convention deliver committee report march announced arrest partisans tumultuous trial supporters went leader april report promised final republic enemies violent removal provided stability deaths caused deep resentment absence difficult influence dangerously unpredictable masses lack support street prove fatal events committee reports served public face terror known widely angel death events saint intensified control state security apparatus created new bureau general police matched powers given officially shortly establishment administration new bureau passed left paris lines days sent mission army belgium saint took supreme oversight army north contributed victory contested battle june sent austrian army retreat marked turning point war coalition france remain offensive eventual victory return battle treated hero sides paris saint discovered political position degraded significantly terror reached called great terror danger enemies inevitable remained alliance french victory followed reduced need national security war justification terror excuse terror end opponents terror words demanding implementation constitution political combat reaching fever pitch committee introduced bill establish newer version law suspects law new category enemies people established terms vague virtually accused defendants permitted legal counsel instructed impose sentence death bill swiftly law saint directly involved composition certainly supportive new statutes defined month average executions paris rose day seventeen soaring following month law breaking point opponents resistance terror spread convention compelled address division claimed proposed dictatorship nonetheless considered useful delivered public defence july saint declared absolute necessity current law deputies angrily spoke finally physically away started address called removal supporters amid recalled saint leave platform spite driven away came steps mounted continue discourse calm saint saved dignity life rising support lost voice brother key allies tried sway deputies failed meeting ended order arrest saint platform remained looked scene confidence troops arrived liberate hours entire group confined soldiers finally broke inside number defeated tried commit suicide stood shot head suicide unclear emerged wild violent final arrest captured hands bound head held high able walk allies day accepted death pride identification copy constitution said legacy writings lifetime continued work books essays meaning revolution survive published collected edited include revolution published speeches legislative proposals military orders notes drafts private correspondence saint legislative proposals compiled death form outline communal society published single volume fragments sur les institutions proposals far radical constitution identify closely traditions ancient interpreted socialist overarching theme equality saint point man independent rich poor saint composed lengthy draft philosophical views remained hidden obscurity published work title expanded version included later versions outlines ideas nature society actual date written disputed agreed range based assumption man social animal argues nature need contracts legislation acts force necessary society need moral regeneration serve merely unsatisfactory natural bonds free people permit small groups assume powers according leads corruption society return natural state impossible argues government composed educated members society expected share understanding larger social good outside government asserts equality men including equal security material possessions personal independence property protected state order secure universal independence citizens including women property posthumous publications saint fragments sur les institutions french saint edited paris french complete collections notice sur edited paris french volumes edited paris french introduction paris french edited paris french edited paris french character ambitious active minded worked goals rest tomb repeatedly described contemporaries arrogant believing skilled leader having proper revolutionary character self assurance manifested superiority complex clear considered charge law wrote carries head like sacred host rise power wrought remarkable change personality passionate youth quickly focused thorough ice cold republican purity inaccessible stone warm measure change experience known left husband taken residence neighborhood near late saint developed relationship potentially sister colleague refused stayed year returning dead record exists exchanges known written friend complaining rumors connecting citizen public speaking saint daring outspoken mentor france internal strife spared punish indifferent punish passive republic thought way create true republic rid enemies enforce complete destruction opposite war declared regret convention vessel revolution arrive port sea blood urged deputies embrace notion nation generates corpses despite flaws accorded respect strength convictions words actions viewed commitment rarely questioned sincere like sense exhibited attraction material benefits devoted entirely advancement political agenda saint rebel discussed extensively context analysis rebellion man progression enlightenment freedom identifies successful argument execution moment death divine right twilight idols dedication sovereignty people sacred power laws described source new god kind political examined source grew lifetime popular culture representations saint include found novel plays film portrayed reign terror plays surreal caricature week end main character fantasy novel light rising dust | Louis Antoine de Saint-Just | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1240_CabellBreckinridge | joseph july september lawyer politician state kentucky member serving speaker appointed kentucky secretary state governor member political family son attorney general father vice president born virginia john moved kentucky parents elected traveled washington completed preparatory studies enrolled princeton_university studies interrupted participated student protest strict rules rigorous curriculum institution year long break returned completed bachelor degree graduation married daughter university president intended begin practicing law lexington kentucky enlisted service war instead war opened practice elected led unsuccessful attempt ascended governorship death served speaker house appointed secretary state moved state capital attend duties office fell ill fever august died office september early life family born virginia july second child son john née named maternal grandfather virginia political family known life family moved lexington kentucky late year smallpox epidemic struck city came late mother siblings infected mother sister survived sister mary brother robert died historian wrote little known speculates probably attended local schools read father extensive library years old father elected family moved virginia lived relatives order closer elder congressional session attended case prevented attending william father alma mater cousin future congressman enrolled accompanied father capital witnessed debates returning college october congress march met son virginia arrived family estate near lexington april return virginia father late instead pursuing preparatory studies colonel advance enrollment princeton_university studies princeton_university arrived princeton new_jersey late december completed final exams april declined father offer come washington needed catch studies term began joined american whig society debating society founded learned father sick long received word father improving expected meet virginia route capital rendezvous location set assumed relatives october traveled uncle home wait father came disappointed returned princeton beginning new term unaware father recovery short lived later learned father attempted leave october collapsed horse returned sick bed died december january travelers kentucky finally brought news death despite declaration relative consider life dedicated mother ease continued studies died settlement estate creating financial difficulties receiving support father desperate appealed sister husband son senator assistance march students organized protest college strict conduct policies rigorous study requirements protest included signing formal petition protest college administrators subsequently suspended refused withdraw petition required apologize protest order return school refused left princeton philadelphia found available stages heading west weeks unable afford room board long went virginia stay relatives considered mary fall term believing complete studies months ultimately decided harrison lack correspondence family kentucky july july indicated period july decided return princeton october finish studies roommate university president ardent influence convinced slavery ended voluntary emancipation government interference completed bachelor degree marriage law practice completing degree began daughter university president granddaughter declaration independence graduation home returned princeton smith married couple children caroline went represent kentucky houses congress elected vice president united_states fifth final secretary war attending wedding celebrations friends relatives princeton philadelphia new_york_city couple moved widowed mother commence practice entered war commissioned major served aide camp later refer war campaigns illinois war returned kentucky admitted bar opened practice lexington concurrent practice served professor religion helped found lexington ruling elders purchased hill home lexington political career elected democratic republican represent gaining largest majority given candidate office county point historian notes legislative career began national largely presidency political disagreements relatively erupted kentucky october death governor weeks term lieutenant governor acting governor rescinded madison appointment secretary state replacing senator unpopular vote declaring war slaughter followed appointing widely regarded despite nominal identification democratic republicans fill senate vacancy caused resignation appointments unpopular state january formed coalition legislators house sponsored bill elect governor fill vacancy death madison essentially attempt slaughter governorship bill passed house vote senate refused madison death time lieutenant governor succeeded permanently governorship establishing precedent future instances anti slaughter candidates elected legislative elections elected chosen speaker house years friend newly elected governor appointed kentucky secretary state appointment historian wrote prestigious albeit influential position require time presence capital remained lexington birth son january february family moved live mother opposed intended permanent acquaintance wrote plans extensive hopes high family life state capital addition duties secretary state continued practice law death term health increasingly fragile illness described contemporary accounts prevailing fever struck lexington took children prevent ill returned late august contracted fever despite care brother john local doctors died september week falling ill originally buried grounds family members interred near grave brother left debts nation panic assets pay obligations wife fell ill pregnant couple sixth child depressed death subsequent financial straits suffered children moved widowed mother years dependent laws survival brother robert assumed debts paid | Cabell Breckinridge | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1318_ThomasBryanMartin | 18th century english american land agent justice legislator colony later state virginia present day west_virginia martin land agent uncle 6th lord cameron served terms martin born kent grandson 5th lord cameron mother martin raised humble surroundings england martin relocated virginia assist uncle 6th lord cameron known lord encompassed acres km2 martin resided uncle frontier estate present day virginia earned affections lord account energetic nature loyalty martin growing influence lord relocated base operations martin steward land agent martin took active role political civil affairs domain served anglican creation presided county justice appointed county lieutenant later represented serving george_washington represented martin appointed trustee frontier towns winchester present day bath present day appointed colonel militia best health martin relied settlers use considerable resources response native american attacks following outbreak american revolutionary war martin refused governor justice afterward martin retreated civil service entirely retired maintained low profile war uncle lord treated respect consideration despite resident peer american colonies following death lord martin brother reverend inherited martin given estate took uncle mistress died unmarried martin bequeathed estate adjoining acres km2 martin brother unable properly maintain conveyed remaining lands terminating martin families interests formally dissolved city west_virginia named martin friend early life family born son wife martin father mother married martin mother daughter 5th lord cameron wife sister 6th lord cameron 7th lord cameron grandmother daughter 2nd baron wife dutch noble family martin named honor uncle thomas baptized anglican faith loose april martin siblings raised amid humble surroundings england seven siblings including brothers sisters reverend later administration martin uncle 6th lord cameron known lord owned land grant inherited martin great grandfather 2nd baron constituted acres km2 virginia vast area spanning west awarded seven supporters official patent seven supporters lord acquired right entire grandson lord inherited land grant death lord dispatched cousin replace steward land agent position served death martin uncle lord established hunting plantation estate near present day intention lord previously reserved land private residence known quarter cousin acting land agent lord sought additional assistance managing family members england task lord considered brother robert brother law finally decided enlisting assistance year old nephew son lord sent martin arrived virginia england aboard accompanied seeking appointment position england martin arrived fellow virginia governor council member visited governor palace capitol beginning journey following arrival northern neck martin settled uncle autumn humble upbringing martin quickly adapted frontier life soon earned affections lord account energetic nature loyalty good greatly assisted uncle shortly martin come age birthday lord granted nephew acres km2 limestone lands west bank known called subject annual quit rent fee good feast day taken family manor kent larger role administration martin sought influence uncle management martin suggestion lord relocated base operations miles northwest built land office archive prior small land office operation following death son succeeded steward land agent martin succeeded steward land agent replacement martin transfer land office martin increased influence lord caused bitter feelings evidenced letters period wife returned england prior return afterward residing martin preferred comfortable quarters estate living situation originally supposed temporary construction estate martin wrote plans construction improvements remain status quo quo state likely remain building castles earth greatly wanted castles air martin uncle remarked primitive life strange people past conception thirty years lord death martin remained shared loneliness self exiled uncle established martin engaged agricultural pursuits martin described tobacco crop like farmers martin transitioned farming wheat time wrote brother england prices flour farming object political civic affairs addition management martin began taking active role political civil affairs uncle domain following act february anglican authorized hold election parish june year martin elected alongside uncle lord martin fellow set expanding anglican presence parish creation martin presided inaugural justice county court act establishing county county court held june court held december court held addition martin composed justices serving clerk court martin appointed county lieutenant martin elected alongside representing martin george_washington challenged ran election represent martin washington received considerable support lord leading anglican washington received votes followed martin votes votes west votes martin washington served alongside representing martin chose run reelection retired legislative politics september appointed martin trustees winchester martin appointed trustee town present day uncle lord appointed trustees towns alongside martin town bath present day received charter october martin appointed trustee alongside martin appointed colonel militia martin best health relied settlers use considerable resources act promptly emergency especially response attacks native americans outbreak american revolution martin serving appointed justice martin justice peace governor men declined serve term martin swear committee refused serve new revolutionary regime initially believing american independence great_britain futile effort committee actively arresting loyalists influenced martin decision turn martin retreated performing civil service entirely afterward retired prior death martin active american revolution lord death loyalist martin maintained low profile following outbreak american revolutionary war abolished quit recognition lord loyalty exception lord treated respect consideration assembly despite resident peer american colonies accorded privileges virginia citizen following death lord recorded march conveyed title remnants american properties including martin elder brother reverend assumed surname coat arms lord devised property title condition apply act authorize inherit title lord cameron martin appointed uncle estate martin inherited plantation lord purchased consisting acres km2 martin bequeathed estate stock cattle sheep household goods furniture martin brothers philip inherited lord slaves martin uncle lord brother appealed claim title lord succeeded 7th lord cameron account residency england appointed martin jones managers martin jones placed advertisements newspapers tenants bring claims lord estate forward prove descendants continued assert claims estates lord rendered prior order claims renounced appointments martin jones instead appointed 8th lord cameron sole steward official london september british subject residing england legal rights american jurisdiction british relatives considered alien enemies confiscated laws ordered records books documents pertaining lands confiscated state virginia removed richmond virginia seized remaining lands granted citizens acquired grants permitted land land values continued increase value martin noted letter higher land prices caused residents sell lands relocate frontier martin commented emigration inhabitants astonishing later life death following death lord martin took uncle mistress fathered daughter remained martin mistress years death daughter married british captain died issue soon marriage martin gave acres km2 number slaves following death daughter martin employed martin died unmarried dated july proved october bequeathed estate adjoining acres km2 powers inherited houses household goods plate watch half stock horses cattle sheep choice slaves martin living sisters received remainder personal property bequeathed powers martin received martin bequeathed remainder property acres km2 powers divide parcels sell profits given martin sisters powers received harness acres km2 near following martin death powers married advanced age inability relocate america martin brother unable properly protect maintain american possessions conveyed deed august divers tracts pieces parcels land parcel beneficial right interest whatsoever nature terminated martin families interest authorized marshall legal remaining officially dissolved virginia legal owner legality virginia northern neck lands continued contested state federal courts long death upheld state lands arguing terms jay treaty address disputed reviewed decision hunter ruled treaty fact cover dispute case state supreme court ruled authority cases originating state courts state supreme court refusal accept mandate appealed martin hunter reversed state court decision appeal ruled article united states constitution granted jurisdiction authority state courts matters involving federal law chief justice forced ruling martin hunter brother james previously contracted purchase disputed lands legacy proprietor close personal friend martin town formally established stephen named town honor friend martin | Thomas Bryan Martin | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1462_HarryStrom | july october ninth premier alberta canada half years premier thirty year dynasty defeat saw replacement new era government remembered honest decent man lacked political skills predecessor alberta native born premier born alberta worked young adult life family farm actively involved church stint municipal politics ran provincial election elected manning appointed cabinet minister agriculture position held appointed minister municipal affairs manning decided resign candidate succeed finished candidate field premier undertook number initiatives especially education youth related fields politically ineffective lacked charisma sense purpose government gradually lost popularity election government defeated served opposition leader years soon relinquished position seek election leaving politics returned farming died early life born alberta july parents second generation swedish canadians attended school moving calgary attend high school studied mechanics received certificate art father died year returned home help mother operation family farm october married children howard faith brian family attended served sunday school teacher board chair addition years involvement church activities church involved mile rural electrification association entry politics elected council southern alberta served local school boards time cabinet minister provincial election ran candidate incumbent seeking election easily defeated opponent liberal elected elected seat elections winning vote october premier appointed minister agriculture capacity undertook series initiatives related water use including developing agreement use water eastern slopes alberta rocky mountains passed series legislation including soil conservation act crop insurance act undertook major organization inducted credited expanding use irrigation province key figure leading signing cost sharing agreement subject federal government served minister municipal affairs months manning government leadership election manning decided retire called key group senior ministers office advise decision group includes industry minister education minister natural choice succeed manning health problems declined run desire job rejected suggestion candidate rejection group influential young including premier son preston started movement draft settled personally popular party members displayed new ideas past accepted late week announced candidacy offering step aside favour candidate young turks choice campaign theme social development alberta general theme encompassed diverse policy citizens committee constitutional reform head start program youth commissions future urban planning education expansion role policy development opening branch premier office calgary entered favourite poll spring showed running second candidates minister transportation strongest organization candidate thanks large young overcame deficit fall convention won large ballot finishing nearly times votes second place taylor place threw support transportation minister second ballot results decisive gained support new delegates won clear majority premier premier december served election government defeated tenure makes fourth shortest serving premier alberta history policy initiatives policy initiatives revolved education youth created allowed young work summers public services environmental projects models federal government later program response increasing use illicit drugs alberta youth government led education minister inserted anti messages province school curriculum implemented trial programs calgary calgary program provided jointly inner city community association called canada public private partnerships interest educational matters best exemplified government travelled province views final report credited setting tone direction education alberta generation government substantial reforms alberta post secondary education system expanding distance learning creation laying foundation access television effectively creating province college distinct university system led creation took number non educational policy initiative naming province environment minister priorities reform establishment affairs converted government ministry government established leadership style resisted leadership saw charged maintaining unity cabinet caucus soon premier chief staff scheduled strategy meetings drawn leadership platform meetings lead action began talking decisions form action according hamilton eventually started agenda week date changed notice effective speaker look text speeches delivering realizing hamilton handed paper reading harry premier speech premier opened visibly alarmed received real speech aide brought resisted calling early election government fresh mandate despite hamilton advocacy course action positive anderson proposals radical overhaul party including political data voting trends demographic shifts polling results purchase office building party profit free need fundraising ideas reject outright referred committees study groups shelved despite recognized possessing number virtues kind honest humble sought party leadership asked repeatedly addressed premier cabinet meeting plain harry anymore travelling ottawa stayed ate meals basement ordered bread soup final analysis concludes temperament running government emerging economic powerhouse defeat legislature mandate election years started convention canadian politics dissolved years accordingly resolved election september considering spring hopes planting season farmers feeling optimistic inclined support incumbent government finally settled august partly concerns farmers election called middle planting harvest seasons campaign committee assembled recommended budget party recruited star candidates including calgary star future mayor defeated bid win nomination centre incumbent handicapped efforts offer cabinet posts incentives potential new candidates lack personal charisma liability large budget recommended central committee recommended use television advertising shine party tried premier image publicity movies efforts mixed pulled single showing appeared living room urging lower expectations government produced showing variety settings talking province changing face successful campaign partisans reason optimism draw crowds august rally featuring speeches manning criticizing conservatives platform promised free older barely cheaper alternative older dollar month earlier published poll showing intended vote endorsed premier election night saw defeated taking seats share vote slipped slightly benefited substantial reduction new democrats vote near collapse liberals party province largest cities losing seats calgary conceded defeat returned home office legacy continued leader serving leader opposition resigned replaced continued legislature election seek election leaving politics returned farm involvement church died cancer october buried honour political services received honorary doctor laws degrees acts premier consequences extending term today largely forgotten experienced brief resurgence recognition year critics compared destined lose election dynasty way dynasty end provincial election leadership defeated comparing wife died electoral record party leader party leadership contests | Harry Strom | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1511_GeorgeS.Armstrong | june canadian businessman politician served mayor armstrong born soon province ontario briefly teaching school entered business industry initially gaining experience politics council relocated west city alberta established business worked briefly brother real estate construction projects ran election elected year term decided run municipal election nominated candidate election day armstrong acclaimed mayor chair upcoming year term issues brought attention including city need new civic building possibility new gas plants city term mayor saw issue possible amalgamation twin cities issue spoken possibility previous years approved councils cities successful held permitting merge passed annex came effect february armstrong mayoral election mandated agreement defeated rival candidate post amalgamation mayor city term introduced new hospital improvements street rail system commissioning report expansion city election held later december stand election armstrong later gained employment post office leaving office mayor later rise position served years armstrong operated drug store remained post office retirement died years later age early life career armstrong born canada west william sarah née armstrong attending schools ontario armstrong briefly moving ontario entered business armstrong spend time served town council treasurer moved west settle city alberta year opened avenue street presently street avenue early years involved real estate ventures construction projects brother gordon early political career citizen meeting local store armstrong speculated possible candidate upcoming election armstrong despite newcomer city open fact running election ultimately run armstrong decide run council election platform based assuring utilities people ensuring sense council people time leading election voiced opposition city arbitrary divisions sections elected council year term receiving votes finishing second field candidates despite preferred candidate opted run council instead elected year term election speculated run city upcoming election citizens approaching run later decided favour running publishing acceptance letter bulletin stating city ladies gentleman request large number candidate mayor coming municipal election platform address appear press days platform consist main points leading city debt assuring completion city projects progress introducing news ones ensuring utilities available high quality expressed desire existing city city divided situated south councillor urged run group citizens armstrong nominated mayoral candidate nomination deadline day came acclaimed mayor occurrence acclaimed supporters candidacy outgoing mayor mayor charles mayoral term term mayor armstrong oversaw issues concerned city march expressed support new city hall building built expressing dissatisfaction existing building housed council civic employees mentioning expanding number staff later year committee formed concerning issue new structure planned planned cost million dollars july year sign allow american entrepreneur establish gas plant city issue presented council debate months prior later year prospect municipal gas plant supplied city council july city council dismissed pair city commissioners months debate firing triggered election resign protest action served vice president involved national provincial affairs voiced support canal constructed stating presence canal improve trading relations canada united_states allowing easier route countries favour hydroelectric project additionally term mayor armstrong oversaw city festivities coronation moved form municipal purchasing department amalgamation issue presented council term office potential amalgamation city south issue armstrong gauge public interest favour stating satisfied carry particular issue works early draft versions permitting cities join presented respective city council talks begun particular year plans action set negotiations committee cities reaching agreement conditions including election held amalgamation law takes place new bridge constructed river separating cities expansion street rail system cover land unified cities hoped time larger city lower taxes held september results municipalities overwhelmingly favour joining twin cities law passed council december approved amalgamation set february combined election place february population new combined city rise people second term office armstrong later declare candidacy particular election municipal election february position referred mayor greater stating belief successful years history city ran premise unfinished work term stating ask confidence support influence allow opportunity complete best interests opponent charged city long lacked efficiency utilities particular water supply believed public ownership armstrong later defeat general election votes margin voter turnout percent brief second term mayor armstrong council approved plan construct miles electric railway lines city considered legislation permitting band concerts sundays oversaw opening advocated availability housing accommodations face influx new settlers welcomed visit governor general canada prince arthur duke city planning grand celebration land holdings market bridge city east end opened armstrong commissioned master plan newly amalgamated city american firm based minneapolis named suggestions report recommendation civic square built opened years later sir final week mayor retiring armstrong delivered city annual report annual meeting thanked people mayor advised successor responsible stating reckless administration gets year city like recently borrow money clean streets election held later week succeeded mayor supported campaigned armstrong later honoured informal gathering city council chamber presented gift city fire chief proclaiming mayor armstrong bound historical character post mayoral career year left office mayor armstrong began work post office recommended position city named city november year oversaw construction new building avenue mainly use business additional space offices housing upper levels armstrong involved legal case involving office accused disappearance sum post office arrested charged theft trial testified witness seen armstrong day robbery paper hand heading armstrong proclaimed innocence provided evidence trial eventually acquitted found guilty charges decision followed eruption applause later armstrong appointed south remained post office retired january time retirement serving south post office years post office served total years later multiple owners closing december personal life armstrong married bruce county ontario daughter margaret died george remarried son daughter armstrong member hospital board affiliated later attending served elder politically aligned free time enjoyed sports baseball football died hospital june age illness weeks survived wife children brother later interred funeral held wife died interred states armstrong remembered fair honest person served city time rapid change growth industrial park located northwestern city near trail named honour residence located street designated heritage building | George S. Armstrong | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1579_WilliamShirley | december march british colonial administrator longest serving governor governor bahamas best known role organizing siege king george war role military affairs french indian war spent years colonial administration north_america working defeat new france lack formal military training led political difficulties eventual downfall politically connected began career massachusetts advocate general admiralty court quickly opponent governor joined political enemies bring recall appointed governor massachusetts bay place successfully political divisions province able bring united action king george war began successful major role organizing high points administration king george war disputes funding accounting war effort returned england deal political legal matters arising disputes assigned commission established great_britain france determine colonial borders north_america hard line approach negotiations contributed failure returned massachusetts military matters dominated remaining years massachusetts french indian war beginning led military expedition reinforce commander chief north_america death general difficulties organizing expeditions compounded political disputes new_york politicians military matters indian agent sir disagreements led recall commander chief governor later years served governor bahamas returning massachusetts died early life son william born december england educated cambridge read law london grandfather died leaving hall funds purchase london time married large number children called bar inheritance substantial cultivated expensive lifestyle suffered significant financial depression financial demands large family children prompted seek appointment north american colonies family connected marriage duke newcastle important patron sponsor advancement speaker house_of_commons armed letters introduction newcastle appointment arrived boston massachusetts advocate general initially received indifference massachusetts governor refused patronage positions available sought secure commission crown surveyor general eventually decided retain office influence newcastle eventually yielded position advocate general admiralty court resisted newcastle promote began position actively prosecute supporters illegal logging activities came jurisdiction common cause wealthy merchant major landowner province eastern district present day maine enforcement timber cutting laws business royal_navy sent wife london lobby behalf eventually went london combination connection newcastle money soon colonial administration joined new_hampshire interests governor new_hampshire scale offensive launched late included forged letter opponents attempt discredit governor denounced newcastle dominant position colonial administration british government opponent prime minister sir actively encouraged opponents voted separate massachusetts new_hampshire began debating idea replacing governor exact reasons dismissal recurring subject scholarly interest colonial imperial political factors play principal themes analyses acquisition local enemies idea good imperial governance london eventually required replacement issues efforts failed noted year carrying manner years past historian notes powerful newcastle time generally issues deal colonial politics instance imperial colonial considerations coincided need massachusetts provide significant number troops newcastle proposed west_indies expedition war ear april newcastle effect offered opportunity prove light political difficulties effectively raise troops governor consequently engaged recruiting principally outside massachusetts refused offers assistance understanding going newcastle documentation successes preoccupied banking crisis newcastle handed issue secretary known opponent apparently decided based weight extant evidence needed replaced april approved commission governor massachusetts commission governor new_hampshire issued following june governor massachusetts assumed governorship massachusetts august immediately confronted currency crisis province suffering years inflation caused issuance increasing quantities paper currency late tenure competing banking proposals bid address issue popular proposal bank secured real estate enacted bank controversy having contributed recall dissolved act parliament negotiate dissolution bank assets notes issued process occupied rest legislation provincial assembly provided schedule bank currency causing bank principal owners collapse rising tensions acted strengthen military defenses colony created series volunteer militia companies frontier included rangers model famous creation roger rangers outbreak war britain captured france queen anne war treaty left french hands clearly boundary new france british colonies atlantic coast protect crucial heart new france france built strong fortress atlantic coast took office relations france britain strained possibility britain drawn war austrian succession started european mainland able restrictions production paper currency achieve province defences requested permission printing additional currency war break permission granted warning war france likely france declared war britain march forces raided british fishing port northern end mainland nova scotia residents aware war french began british colonial vessels british colonial governors coast including sent colonial guard ships authorized response french activity new_england fishermen fall interest massachusetts prior capture received request assistance lieutenant governor nova scotia support defence response fall second urgent request promptly companies volunteers timely arrival troops early july broke siege captured held prisoner returned new_england prisoner exchange gave detailed report emphasised weaknesses french fort owned businesses maine vulnerable raids new france toured new_england advocating expedition capture leaders new_england new_york sent letters colonial authorities london seeking support expedition citing vulnerable conditions wanted attack winter colonial force doubted plan january submitted provincial assembly declined support plan request britain undertake attack continued advocate quick american expedition enlisting support fishing captains merchants principal gentlemen boston called session discuss matter proposal submitted committee chaired committee reported favourably plan approved single vote opponents absent chamber appointed reluctant command expedition appointed colonel command position appointed military advisor requested support expedition commodore royal_navy squadron west_indies warren declined objections captains news arrived boston expedition preparing leave despite absence support royal_navy new_england expedition set march men transports mainly fishing boats coastal traders escorted colonial guard ships descended expedition waited ice clear site south chosen troop landing starting april expedition joined royal_navy warships command commodore warren received orders issued january received previous refusal assist expedition siege provincial forces began landing bay april laid siege fortress british ships blockaded harbour americans began suffering battle losses british naval officers low opinion american soldiers grew increasingly critical american efforts warren tried exert control provincial troops resisted surrendered june americans lost men combat disease sea siege royal_navy ships fire fortress lost sailor settled occupation friction grew americans british terms surrender guaranteed french possessions american troops hand royal_navy captured rich french prizes british sailors shore leave americans rich going shares american troops signed capture expected home siege ended british government believed provincial troops incapable capturing plans send british troops occupation fortress evident british troops relieving winter passed governor travelled raise morale troops speech troops little effect troops close mutiny second speech promised send home troops immediately provide higher pay better supplies stayed spring honors british government sparse british_army right raise regiments warren promoted rear admiral aborted campaign engaged campaign primarily way ensure british interests atlantic fisheries victory expand vision encompass possibility capturing new france capturing french fort wrote newcastle proposing series expeditions gain control north_america far west mississippi_river starting saint lawrence return boston began making preparations expedition received plans london outlining attempt quebec royal_navy provincial forces second expedition attack fort saint stepped recruiting massachusetts asked neighboring governors contribute men resources effort expected support britain arrived expeditions called waiting definite word london plans province western defenses spring began sending supplies hudson_river valley anticipation fort saint word arrived newcastle british establishment support expeditions drop military spending resulted negative consequences massachusetts economy popularity personally supply activities surrounding expedition funds purchase estate built elaborate mansion known house building complete wife died fever august interred king chapel crisis governor trouble royal_navy people boston navy long sought press americans service ships long standing practice britain application america resisted colonists fired tried leave recently impressed men aboard result american complaints reinforced british merchants parliament banned american colonies navy leaders argued american exemption force queen anne war ended practice royal_navy captains apply colonial governors license press men late november fight press gang sailors staying boarding house boston left sailors fatal injuries members press gang charged murder convicted released indictment found invalid years later commodore served governor capture large number seamen boston harbour impressed service squadron mob men seized naval officers deputy sheriff beat sheriff mob went governor house demanding release men impressed tried militia respond succeed getting naval officers house mob eventually left later day went meet people mob consisting thousand people attacked breaking windows building spoke mob promised present demands commodore mob left intending find royal_navy ship burn returned home afternoon mob seized naval officer petty officers returned house ordered number armed men protecting house fire mob able stop men firing persuade mob leave meantime commodore threatened bombard boston squadron adopted resolutions support demands mob situation boston mob eventually released hostages released impressed seamen compensation currency issue contention compensation american colonies britain costs expedition long occupation american troops british_army finally took presented problem expedition leaders including ally inflated claimed costs openly act begin efforts governor able effort promising colonial administration achieve financial stability province retiring paper currency british government slow responding requests compensation waiting response question use compensation debated provincial newspapers pamphlets father famous leader advocated placing money london banks serve backing paper currency issued colonies including speaker favoured compensation paper currency massachusetts hard currency treaty returned france massachusetts awaiting compensation seizure meantime governor trying finance campaign capture fort present day crown point new_york issued paper money campaign abandoned colonies failed support resulting inflation helped turn supporters loss increase public dissatisfaction seen british american colonies joined large number citizens calling removal edited published regularly criticised british government administration paper published letters officials britain critical americans regularly called governor removal prominent physician boston wrote series pamphlets published rogers attacking commodore conduct campaign occupation sued libel lost cases court conflict expenses eventually reached high pitch successfully attached assets legal action countered legal action appealed actions london granted permission received august travel london deal matter sailed britain september long promised compensation reached boston legislation delivered retire paper currency abroad served carefully instructed lieutenant governor enemies opportunities manoeuvre absence european interlude met newcastle colonial secretary duke discuss colonial matters situation newcastle ordered military books analysis found confirm position accounts examined found great majesty orders colonies communicated political concerns new_york governor london word arrived clinton wanted leave post applied newcastle job turned newcastle upset accepted unexpected offer participate commission established boundaries british french territories north_america commission set meet paris saw opportunity advance views newcastle time involved political struggle newcastle unhappy accepted offer able convince newcastle experience position use negotiations commission met paris accompanied somewhat mild merchant adopted hard line negotiations arguing technical fashion expansive reading british territory claimed territory east line north saint lawrence river french claimed area nova_scotia approach served negotiating positions commission work complained london spending effort negotiations dragged french british actively expanding interests valley raising tensions minor scandal married young daughter paris landlord recalled london complained taking actions consulting returned london convinced french needed driven north_america attempted continue negotiations believing overcome previous negotiations ended failure renewed application new_york governorship newcastle upset marriage instead ordered return massachusetts leaving wife london unclear saw biographer believes family lore reunited left massachusetts governorship return massachusetts opposition massachusetts died england paris soon deal increasing conflict frontier french canada tensions increasing particularly british french traders coming conflict false rumors reached boston french military activity province northern frontier maine quick organize expedition bolster area defenses expedition erected news hostilities brought urgency matter attendance planned conference colonies albany new_york urgency support politically powerful maine landowners relationship provincial assembly relatively good instructed provincial representatives seek colonial union provincial assembly provinces rejected conference proposals seven years war campaigns approached nova_scotia governor assistance dealing french threat province suggesting collaborate military actions lawrence believed proposed expedition require assistance britain sent letters requesting time preparations anticipation request approved ordered activate recruit regiment serve force leave province sent sons new_york recruit troops massachusetts men drafted nova scotia expedition furthermore revived idea expedition fort limited year action establishment fort southern end sought draw leaders neighboring colonies assist operation new_york acting governor generally hostile massachusetts interests proposing expedition led new_york indian commissioner colonel johnson reluctant able convince command french indian war matter imperial concern british_army regiments general sent america written exchanges announced intention use force unsuccessfully lobbied instead target fort conference governors military leaders april favorably impressed declared target authorized regiment sir fort confirmed johnson command campaign instructions gave command johnson later source trouble northern expeditions logistical assistance regular army conference traveled new_york_city negotiated merchants supplying expedition relationship governor continued objected saw massachusetts interference provincial affairs moved prevent new_york agent recruiting connecticut caused threatened planning new_york expeditions created breach johnson attempting troops johnson command increase force fort expedition fact expeditions competing supplies sources exacerbated ongoing border disputes provinces johnson met july respective expeditions set tension men continued johnson delayed decisions assigning indian campaign observing expedition traveling friendly territory needed took offense act believing johnson sought bypass indian agent negotiate directly tribes recruits johnson subordinates actively opposed objected presence recruiting agent colonel outstanding issues past land transactions situation easier fact johnson commanded expeditions size scope proposed expedition reached fort mid august trek slowed low water supplied resulting shortage provisions learned route general died aftermath july battle claimed life son william result temporary commander chief north american forces expedition fort need improve defenses ongoing crisis council september decided proceed plans reach fort week later decision reversed returned albany preoccupied need manage entire british war effort continent expedition fared little better reached southern end forces inconclusive encounter french forces september began work fort william henry rumors french movements brought activity november opposition failed johnson force abandoned camp return home pressure new_england governors assign militia new posting winter nova scotia governor lawrence easily captured fort embarked known great expulsion removal nova scotia ships carrying entered boston harbor early december ordered winter months march remained ships half died cold weather seven years war campaigns winter feud johnson continued johnson advised continued assert exclusive authority interactions indians renewed complaints interference recruiting campaign letter johnson wrote enemy blast character johnson common cause related marriage dislike fed reports new new_york governor sir london unaware threat authority commander chief proposal campaign season november continuing routes attack begun adding expedition quebec complaints reached duke newcastle felt needed embroiled controversies leaders charge military matters north_america british leaders received intercepted letters destined france believed written married traveled london early denounced colonial administration learn matters april time british leadership decided replace commander chief waiting replacement lord effort advance supplies reinforcements garrison short rations winter supply line interrupted march continued resources personnel efforts authority widespread knowledge replacement military affairs continued deteriorate new_york frontier finally arrived july fell french august removed commander chief retained massachusetts governorship expected lose post long return boston august replacement named saw interference wrong new_york frontier raised detailed questions war related expenditures later historians concluded poorly disguised patronage spending argued issues including military preparations january commission issued pointed british leadership hardly expect preparations cease interval commission arrival command waited replacement announced took gathered evidence support version affairs worked close financial affairs opinion delayed departure intentionally political maneuver sailed england october formally replaced later life arrival london received newcastle sympathetic figures newcastle forced office poor showing war ongoing disagreements meant unlikely receive north american posting newcastle withdrew support hearing matters disputed granted formal hearings aspects conduct managed convince newcastle matter accounts prospects damaged continued poor military performance north_america notably august resulted recall failures served bring newcastle good late commissioned governor bahamas followed early promotion lieutenant general lengthy passage arrived bahamas december ship wrecked reef islands eventually arrived incident injury nassau assumed power rule quiet dealing islands major issue demanding governor attention combat illicit trade lobbied london government nassau established free port influential regard nassau receive status left office oversaw renovations governor mansion promoted construction churches funding wife death took children england properly cared returned islands deal protests recently enacted stamp act proposed use stamps official documents local assembly reaction opposition dissolved body time assembly met stamp act repealed health failing eventually replaced governor son thomas appointed november arrived assume office following year sailed boston took residence old house daughter son law died march state funeral interred king chapel family legacy son thomas major general british army created served posting bahamas governor governor leeward_islands died son killed battle whilst serving daughter anne married member massachusetts governor council built family home sold daughter son law later came hands governor massachusetts 19th century known house stands street largely restored museum open public town massachusetts founded term massachusetts governor massachusetts geographical feature feature named helped establish fishery namesake street halifax nova scotia parallel named works william letter duke newcastle london william alexander william conduct major briefly stated london william lincoln correspondence volume new_york william lincoln correspondence volume new_york | William Shirley | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1727_LazarusW.Powell | october july 19th governor kentucky serving later elected represent kentucky reforms enacted term governor gave kentucky educational systems south improved kentucky transportation system vetoed legislation felt created banks commonwealth election governor marked end whig dominance kentucky predecessor governor elected party commonwealth favorite son following term governor elected assume office president dispatched major utah ease tensions assumed senate seat return utah prior election abraham_lincoln president outspoken critic lincoln administration asked resignation fellow senators tried expelled body groups later renounced actions died home near henderson kentucky shortly following failed bid return senate early life born october near henderson kentucky son attended common schools henderson earned bachelor_of_arts degree kentucky began studying law enrolled studying justice judge admitted bar partnered start law practice henderson remained partners november married couple sons died july political career democrat whig district political career began bid seat campaigned vigorously opponent relied largely party affiliation carry election proved critical secured surprise victory apparently learned mistake completion term challenged defeated considerable majority year later chosen presidential democratic ticket supporting governor kentucky kentucky democrats nominated governor declined nomination chosen replace ticket largely influence whig party nominated senator race complicated vice president announcement run independent democratic candidate knowing democrats chances having candidates race arranged meeting johnson following withdrew candidacy pledged support won election gubernatorial election democratic_party nominee nominated friend law partner traveled state eating speaking platforms generally showing rare kentucky politics days margin victory general election thin votes whig candidate defeated democratic nominee lieutenant governor thousand votes candidate governor abolitionist received votes democrat elected office years ascended governorship resignation maintained control general_assembly governor largely able cooperate political opponents clashes occur result census general_assembly state congressional districts vetoed noting districts fading whig party control state delegation legislature veto governor successful legislation felt created banks commonwealth implemented use state sinking fund pay interest school bonds measure passed governor helm veto helm refused carry kentucky voters passed landslide measure raise school tax cents dollars property cents dollars measure enjoyed support governor superintendent public schools leadership kentucky school system strongest south successes governor successful lobbying legislature conduct geological survey encouraged private investment transportation state term state went having miles railroad track operation having miles operation united_states senator january elected united_states senate april year president appointed major commissioners negotiate settlements utah arriving utah issued proclamation president offering agreed submit federal authority offer accepted violence senator favored kentucky neutrality policy civil war nationally conflict political situation hand favored strong national government strict interpretation constitution hand opponent kentucky proximity southern states maintained sympathetic view southern cause legislators northern states term governor critical northern states refused fugitive slave act senator vigorously condemned president lincoln decision suspend writ corpus denounced arrest citizens delaware officially arrests called resolutions inquiry violation constitutional rights led calls resignation colleagues led kentucky senator unsuccessfully attempted expelled senate end war general_assembly davis admitted wrong attempts remove following successful defense calls removal continued speaking saw violations constitutional rights condemned general order barred jews included regions kentucky speech federal military interference elections kentucky opposed constitutional amendment aimed freeing slaves later life legacy following term senate returned henderson resumed law practice delegate nominated ballots months general_assembly elected believed legislators elected result election interference northern forces intent prevent kentucky senator diminishing influence nationally light belief urged democrats withdraw nominate union putting forth subsequently elected died home july cause death apparently result toll years nervous system buried cemetery henderson kentucky state erected foot high marble monument grave kentucky named honor governor | Lazarus W. Powell | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1820_CalebStrong | january november massachusetts lawyer politician served sixth tenth governor massachusetts assisted drafting served state senator massachusetts governor council elected inaugural united_states senate leading member political success delayed decline massachusetts successful lawyer prior strong politically active rebel cause american revolutionary war played influential role development united_states constitution philadelphia convention senator passage 11th amendment played leading role passage judiciary act established federal court system adept harsh political conflict democratic republicans popular massachusetts state direction early years 19th century rest country progressively republican sought retire politics losing governor race advent war brought governor office committed opponent war refused united_states_army requests state militia placed army command sought engage nova scotia governor peace talks state federal government weak defense massachusetts northern frontier strong tenure contributed successful drive maine granted early years born january principal towns parents descendant early massachusetts settlers immigrant massachusetts founders lead elder church years son received early education entered graduating years later high honors shortly afflicted smallpox temporarily blinded prevented engaging study law years studied law admitted bar began practice law political mentor shaping strong views relations colonies great_britain american revolution strong elected american revolutionary war broke strong unable serve military damaged sight active patriot cause served local offices refused service delegate massachusetts constitutional convention elected committee drafted state constitution ratified served governor council state senate strong legal practice tumultuous war years successful judge appointed county attorney following year post held occasion offered seat state supreme court rejected position account inadequate salary strong described contemporary detailed preparation legal advocate speaking jury strong lawyers worcester lawyer future united_states attorney general worked series legal cases surrounding walker slave seeking claim freedom cases firmly established slavery incompatible new state constitution united_states senator strong elected delegate drafted committed strong opposed idea means president instead supporting idea legislature choose initially opposed proposals number senators equal states eventually changed mind enabling passage temper power states introduced language requiring tax legislation originate house_of_representatives illness wife forced return massachusetts work completed sign document vocal supporter adoption state convention constitution came force strong chosen state legislature serve united_states senate known class senator came reelection chosen principal judiciary act established federal courts instrumental development passage congress 11th amendment united_states_constitution measure enacted response georgia supreme_court decision private individual sued state georgia amendment expanded sovereign immunity states limit suits private individuals states strong small group senators convinced president george_washington special envoy sent britain order war convinced accept role jay ended negotiating known jay treaty resolved number issues nations angered leadership widely disliked criticized opposed republicans strong resigned seat returned private life term governor election strong nominated candidate governor principal opponent nominated democratic republicans strong criticized opponents lack military service fact lawyer countered asserting patriotism association popularity western state decisive wide margin won overcame smaller advantage carried east acting governor died days strong took office end strong won annual reelection governor seat tenure state introduced new system reformed judiciary reducing number judges strong time governor marked political debate state principally foreign policy related british interference massachusetts maritime trade interference consequence ongoing napoleonic wars europe years strong tenure republicans gradually gained power nationally massachusetts election republicans secured majority massachusetts assembly gubernatorial election notably close running mainly strong barely received majority votes cast fewer votes balance republican controlled legislature returns partisan manner ballots strong retaining sullivan performing ways favored candidate process concluded finding strong fact lacked majority votes required carry election opposed modern requirement strong allies legislature able partisan nature analysis resulting hostile public backlash proclaimed winner biased analysis corrected count favor election rising tide swept strong office asked run refused noting home base strongly second term war strong convinced leaders come retirement run governor war britain imminent sought strong candidate oppose victorious previous elections originally somewhat moderate increasingly partisan tenure viewed strong earlier success office relatively modest demeanor assets strong victory election saw regain control legislature attributed factors capitalized recent state resulted term strong sentiment state strong reelected wide margins following war years strong took stand war generally refusing assist federal government efforts prosecute war strong chorus massachusetts broadly new_england complained madison war federal government state individual rights adhered view state militia required serve regular army command requests general strong backing refused arguing need militia invasion imminent stance regular army command state denied shipment arms instead diverted frontier areas war theater strong took particular actions prevent widespread smuggling state neighboring british provinces strong opposition regular army control nuanced neighboring connecticut governor ensured militia remained state command strong concerned state militia defense state borders compromised issue command long refusing general request authorized dispatch militia companies state eastern district maine united_states_army command british naval blockade threatening state coastal communities early strong authorized brigadier general command militia forces defenses boston harbor subject reasonable limitations transferred connecticut general commanded regular army forces massachusetts interpreted agreement strong apply statewide began militia companies conform regular army practices ill militia strong refused place additional command defense maine proved problematic strong aide negotiated agreement army command defense portland ironically republican dominated district militia objected idea serving regular army leadership serving relatively low ranked officer lieutenant colonel given command portland agreement signed units local militia refused perform assigned duties consequence dispute militia state remained state control paid state cost ran month strained state economy suffering british blockade following british seizure september strong called legislature session early october respond occupation given federal government unwilling fund militia control legislature authorized strong borrow money fund major expansion militia funds acquired spent improving boston defenses result special session meeting states opposed war known time convention held connecticut beginning december strong secretly wrote nova scotia lieutenant governor sir essentially offering separate peace exchange return seized territory refused authorize temporary massachusetts funding federally led expedition recover leading cries maine republicans treaty ended war nova scotia negotiations went strong policies war credited reasons maine drive came successful conclusion war end strong elected retire politics strong died november buried bridge street cemetery family charity legacy strong married daughter local pastor children survived couple strong active church leading member local missionary bible societies founding member member strong elected member world war united_states liberty ship strong named honor town strong maine incorporated named strong township ohio originally named honor land allocated strong ownership share sold minority partners | Caleb Strong | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
1851_MosesGill | moses gill moses gill january massachusetts politician briefly served state acting governor state acting governor die office successful businessman leading settlers princeton massachusetts entering politics shortly american revolutionary war served executive committee state adopted constitution continued serve state elected lieutenant governor served office governors increase died shortly winning reelection gill served apparently term acting governor death days successor assumed office gill significant founder supported church princeton family large estate early life family moses gill born january john elizabeth abbot gill massachusetts younger sons long line children included known colonies printer gill entered business local merchant boston married daughter pastor boston father death couple inherited prince lands western largest tracts town princeton retired business activities couple divided time boston princeton sarah died childless gill remarried influential family sister childless brother gill adopted sons gills known slaves political career gill entered politics winning election provincial assembly assembly dissolved governor terms massachusetts government act punishment massachusetts members met shortly gill served body executive council functioned facto executive state constitution adopted american revolutionary war broke april gill involved early military organization heading provincial congress supply committee delegated general meet george_washington springfield escort army camps outside boston prominence appointed county district court reorganized revolution began role sat panel heard preliminary cases involving walker african american seeking declaration freedom gill panel decided walker favor eventually confirmed appeal declaring slavery incompatible state constitution continued serve state legislature winning election state senate annually chosen body serve stood election united_states house_of_representatives election adoption united_states_constitution defeated death immensely popular governor state gubernatorial election wide open race gill nominees lieutenant governor received votes nominees winning gubernatorial candidate candidates lieutenant governor receiving majority decided election choosing gill won annual reelection post aging adams announced run reelection following spring election wide open affair party system taking shape state nominated populist factions previously supported adams nominated gill gill polled boston eastern counties present day maine won decisive victory divided opposition nominated faction lieutenant governor gill returned post principal issues subsequent elections federal policy specifically national response threats war consequent need increased taxes arm nation gill politics unclear historian opinion popularity sufficient head ticket democratic republicans observes gill term acting governor essentially year short particularly distinguished easily won reelection ill race won landslide constitutional issues raised deathbed uncertain oath office finally took oath office early june died days later point gill acting governor gill served term considered candidate governorship election approached election primarily pitted democratic republican won strong gill derided opponents preferred candidate wealthy accused promoting candidate order divide opposition gill died strong informed victory resulting time state history offices governor lieutenant governor formally vacant result ruled state days council governed times colonial period similar circumstances state constitution amended remove council gubernatorial succession charitable concerns legacy gill member major supporter princeton founding trustee years president indians gill massachusetts named honor gill civic contributions town princeton land donated town original center located half mile current town center land includes town earliest gill members family interred estate located near town center reputed largest magnificent time second wife nephew inherited estate addition charitable works major contributor establishment princeton present town center | Moses Gill | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
2088_EdwardMillen | november september australian journalist politician served minister emigrated australia england established journalist subsequently serving time fiercely opposed proposed federation despite supporting principle member election australian senate new_south_wales federal election led conservative parties senate shortly death served vice president minister defence short lived liberal governments appointment minister organised new department australia effort briefly acting prime minister settled seamen strike resigned ministry february died later year illness attributed heavy workload post war years early life born deal kent pilot charlotte née davis migrated new_south_wales having educated england employed marine insurance business february married settled worked journalist wrote owner editor river advocate owning business period worked land agent acquiring office street sydney house stood free trade candidate defeated contested seat won known strong advocate land reform urging changed pastoral conditions suggesting additional government assistance deal australia dry climate particularly 1890s drought state politics foundation member formed campaign unification australian colonies single commonwealth active people federation council distrust leadership led defeat candidate objected proposed nature senate calling equal representation states dangerous claimed new_south_wales conventional delegates elected proficiency political business new_south_wales obligation endorsing decisions result opposed referendum founding member april election defeated votes candidate having overcome opposition federation appointed april premier appointments guarantee passage legislation referendum federal election march stood senate free trade candidate elected second senators new_south_wales resigned seat year early senate career early leader senate serving deputy unofficial leadership advocated high claiming industries withstand free trade entitled consideration senate hands vigorous supporter policy advocating cessation immigration gradual arrived queensland opposition based concern inferior labour tend labour commonwealth concerns racial purity succeeded leader senate following fusion leader government senate vice president prime minister lead conservative parties senate continuously death following seat victory election minister defence position held outbreak world war april refused winston_churchill suggestion australia need maintain fleet territorial waters expressed criticism british memorandum senate continued privately britain management war cook government ultimately placed navy control august oversaw initial recruitment men defence proposals war following victory election returned leading opposition senate member parliamentary war committee minister following labor split conscription included nationalist ministry february initially vice president september australia minister dealing largely veterans affairs major controller responsibility creation new governmental department returned servicemen department staff little administrative experience caused problems wrote soldiers politician time organised passage established administration scheme commissioner led series parliamentary inquiries joint committee public accounts walker appointment came question resulting investigation commissioner minister parliament described examinations ministerial responsibility actions autonomous public corporation history introduced australian soldiers bill provided paid commission higher servicemen senate march response bill vigorous lobbying hughes veterans movement bill faced difficulty passage senator successfully moved resolution minister house appear floor bill allowed address house_of_representatives facing fierce criticism ultimately house acted resolution hughes absence europe acting prime minister treasurer served acting prime minister fell ill july brought successful resolution seamen strike sent geneva australia delegate meeting general_assembly secured mandated pacific australia despite opposition japan returned australia having arranged funding australia debts reorganised heavy workload begun affect health considered retirement ultimately decided continue elected senate election retired ministry february march granted leave absence deteriorating health died aged chronic september melbourne survived wife daughters presbyterian services held melbourne sydney given state funeral buried legacy experienced fierce criticism press parliament time minister remembered important figure australia war effort subsequent recovery described significant contributor development australia inaugural minister largely defined death described senate leadership remembered destructive critics | Edward Millen | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
2234_ChristopherGreenup | april american politician served representative governor kentucky little known early life reliable records documents recording service revolutionary war served lieutenant continental_army colonel virginia militia service war helped settle trans regions virginia involved politics played active role conventions secured separation kentucky virginia state representatives served elected governor race immense popularity ran unopposed term office marred accusations participated align kentucky spain prior separation virginia vigorously successfully charges following term governor active political arena died april kentucky county seat named honor early life virginia likely born virginia parents john elizabeth early education attained local schools area learned surveying studied law colonel virginia revolutionary war served lieutenant later attained rank colonel virginia militia helped settle area known kentucky spent time surveyor land admitted practice law county court following virginia creation admitted bar district court served clerk original trustees later purchased lots land lexington served clerk town trustees elected represent single term service appointed committee recommendations ways divide area kentucky committee responsible acts surveys related land water surveys area committee ultimately recommended creation new counties madison created later year appointed justice time continued practice law pursued interests founding member joined future kentucky governors future supreme_court justice members society helped organize later appointed group dedicated improving infrastructure july brief return virginia married pope virginia couple children nancy william political career kentucky served clerk kentucky convention elected delegate second sixth conventions respectively trustee city biographer fellow delegate noted despite excellent legal background legislative experience lack skills prevented taking leadership role conventions kentucky admitted union moved rewarded efforts behalf state chosen state senators governor served kentucky senate following appointed court resigned immediately accept seat kentucky representatives house elected successive terms serving november march elected representing served clerk state senate candidate governor kentucky runner man race included garnered majority vote counties fewer enjoyed strong support populous central kentucky counties received votes compared logan appointed judge circuit court refused confirm secretary state land office nominated intended run governorship request withdrew nomination days later resigned circuit june run governor immensely popular ran unopposed served governor september september administration state chartered director despite popularity unable pass proposed agenda included provision public education reforms militia courts revenue system system partisan newspaper implicated conspiracy successfully defended preserved reputation deployed kentucky militia defend state threat result conspiracy threat largely dissipated october wife mary died governor mansion according legend image appeared clock faces mirrors inside mansion following term governor chosen presidential ticket justice peace august kentucky secretary state recommended governor appointed assistant secretary state appointment resigned december nominated replacement approved nomination february served resignation march died april traveled seeking relief buried cemetery kentucky named honor county seat kentucky | Christopher Greenup | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
2381_JanDekert | jan october polish merchant german descent political activist starting rose prominent merchants polish capital warsaw activist arguing rights polish lithuanian commonwealth opposing jewish merchants representative warsaw elected deputy great mayor warsaw period organized black procession december march delivered petition king major step passing reforms constitution 3rd biography born city exact date information family unknown relevant documents lost likely basic education sum money left traveled warsaw december admitted warsaw youth started clerk cloth store house stayed april married patron daughter taken cloth store moved youth senior citizen warsaw time died married children marriages future bishop warsaw rise mayor began official positions warsaw merchant organizations early steering group youth resigned joining senior confusion exact positions dates held according received position magistrate warsaw according position usually known polish warsaw contradicted according reached rank magistrate served elder translates political career business enterprise growing gathered savings granted request buy landed estates privilege usually restricted nobility leased company polish treasury years later leased theatre warsaw representative warsaw elected deputy great meantime february elected mayor warsaw reelected mayor warsaw succeeded turn succeeded great organized confederation cities towns forefront demanding representations notably helped organize black procession december march delivered petition king demanded similar privileges held nobles demands included right buy land estates right represented polish parliament reforms urban law procession influenced great create commission cities tasked addressing concerns works new constitution vocal critic jews accusing unfair competition spend fortune political activism nearly bankrupt time death february despite objections pressured general public demand reelection second yearly term office mayor warsaw likely major reasons preferred elected ailing business operations health led public debate april withdrew politics afterward died october warsaw buried large funeral paid died passed reforms great constitution 3rd legacy contemporary poet called leader polish plaque dedicated proclaimed defender representative class commonwealth characters painting adoption polish constitution | Jan Dekert | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
2385_ThomasR.Cornelius | november june prominent american politician soldier early history oregon born missouri moved family young man fought war indian war native americans settled near later named honor whig later republican served oregon territorial legislature following served oregon state senate senate served term president chamber built pass road bears father prominent state politics early life born missouri november elizabeth thomas family traveled oregon trail set farm north community late thomas volunteered militia militia prosecuted war attempt punish responsible killings gold discovered california brief time returning year married children died including son benjamin family settle acres km2 donation land claim near second war native americans started east tribe volunteered militia months led company rank captain elected colonel resigned commission continued colonel end war political career elected upper chamber called council serving whig represented washington columbia counties won election council final session territorial legislature continued holding office newly formed oregon entered union february 33rd state continued republican representing counties legislature service interrupted american_civil_war session authorized president abraham_lincoln raise regiment cavalry federal service chosen colonel troops deployed military post washington assumed command resigned summer returned home legislature selected president won republican nomination governor oregon lost general election later life family wife died remarried moved renamed opened store addition store owned total acres km2 including covering farms warehouse built pass road linked died june age buried | Thomas R. Cornelius | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3038_CharlesMay(Canadianpolitician) | charles canadian politician charles june march canadian contractor politician served later mayor native province ontario moved soon completing education hometown briefly farming entering construction industry establish prominence work railway join contracting firm involved construction buildings moving west living briefly came rise city prominent contractors constructing city landmark buildings houses prominent residents long interested municipal affairs entered civic politics election term saw inclusion alberta province canada elected mayor newly incorporated city term oversee improvements advances city retiring term office returning contracting firm eventually leave vancouver live years leading death active community man founded oversaw local organizations liberal politics remembered progressive mayor policies helped accelerate development city early life career born canada west john helen née parents immigrants come canada early lives father originally ireland veteran upper canada rebellion mother native scotland charles attended completed public schooling family relocated ontario death father shortly tasked responsibilities heading providing family brother thomas closing father estate sale father property moved west homestead farm district near years later come realization farming efficient means business farm situated area far removed town travel deliver products gained employment carpenter builder tasked building rail bridges stations later continued working field join contracting firm serving projects including building years went continued contracting time entering furniture business involved construction building career later moved time west town north west territory arrival purchase lots land construct series cottages houses later sell establish prominent contractor building notable early buildings town later city partnered established construction company firm buildings involved constructing included town canadian northern railway station post office buildings hudson store provincial building residences city involved construction railway bridge set concrete piers foundation regina construct standing mansion atop assist construction mansion construction bankrupt force cottage present day debts settled work fort smith superintendent civic politics interested citizens affairs related development growing town nominated eventually elected finishing candidates votes term years truncated year incorporation city meant entire city council elected election election elected year term finishing seventeen candidates time resigned year term order run mayor election time council included time alberta incorporated province voiced support lavish celebration capital city new province sitting council voted proposed permitted suffrage women civic elections initially voted favour law later reversed vote effectively killing bill vote previously favour bill margin vote popular choice leading election defeated fellow councillor count votes mayor served capacity term year seek election retired political life term mayor municipal foundations set oversaw purchase road maintenance equipment city telephone system upgrade street car system steel rails posts purchase land municipal use paving roads negotiations establishment manufacturing plant city travelled toronto lobby new union railway station constructed use term open doors participate opening ceremonies named returning officer charge overseeing canadian federal election personal life active member director manager founder president founders local contractors association involved planning provincial fair alberta married ontario children remain married died suddenly remarried additional children son norman killed accident working grand trunk railway alberta charles uncle famed aviator flying ace son brother alexander mayor unsuccessful canadian federal election riding death legacy moved vancouver british_columbia following long period illness died stomach cancer march aged survived wife daughter sons later died regarded progressive energetic mayor death bulletin noted mayoral term progressive policies advance progress publication history province alberta praised stern ambitious personality stating adverse circumstances endured | Charles May (Canadian politician) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3166_JamesTemple | james temple english civil war soldier convicted rochester kent connected gentry family second sons sir elder brother died child temple moved father rochester mary essex sussex settled temple gained military experience member duke buckingham expedition joined parliamentary army outbreak civil war fought battle rose colonel commanded fort important defensive position approach london river elected member parliament september replace ejected royalist sided army opposing compromise king appointed judge trial king charles england temple attended court sessions 28th sign king death warrant restoration charles_ii convicted avoided execution imprisoned jersey died early life temple born sir parents living parish rochester kent house previously owned mother husband family closely related temple family family belonged gentry having reasonable income members aristocracy father tower london james following king accession english throne members gentry years king reign temple older brother john sister susan result mother marriage half brothers including sir half sisters born connected family included sir 1st 1st sister mother grandmother following mother death moved known essex older brother john admitted lincoln inn year temple given permission council travel abroad years allowed servant strictly forbidden visit rome temple living number temple family portraits painted family commission include temple father hangs hall sister family portraits included temple portrait known survived early result father marriage previously married moved time hall sussex father marriage gave step siblings including temple married march years children expedition june 1st duke buckingham led expedition island support besieged king louis france standing army buckingham forces largely volunteers mercenaries public opinion england particularly extreme supported number connected gentry came forward volunteers join buckingham included temple elder brother john members family expedition disaster altogether buckingham lost men campaign force died temple brother life sussex father died temple main father estate father property held wife meet commitments temple relatively inheritance grand country house great estate certainly large fortune financial affairs good order discussed members family temple cousin wrote mother cousin broke thousand pounds able pay shillings pound charles personal rule network gentry sussex course sussex justice peace civil war temple like members family supported parliament king uncle lord king principal opponents temple military experience useful english civil war broke august appointed captain troop horse raised lord commanded temple cousin temple related able secure commission uncle unit saw action close temple family home temple fought battle october march temple returned sussex appointed parliament sussex committee set seizure administration assets prominent december temple prominent defence crossing castle royalist attack lord attempt obtain control sussex king actions described 12th december visited brave soldier acquaintance day defend fort bold daring enemy wonder country marvel man head heart hand success war progressed temple promoted colonel governor fort essex post previously held father fort close temple childhood home place strategic importance controlled approach london river second civil war royalist uprisings kent essex temple control parliament enabled lord troops cross route siege town trial charles commonwealth september temple elected member parliament replace sir royalist member ejected belonged political religious group known opposed compromise parliament negotiations king result mps allowed remain pride purge military coup excluded parliament roughly quarters mps particularly believed army january army decided bring charles trial temple judges named conducted trial attended sessions court approved guilty verdict signed king death warrant 28th judges early commonwealth period continued serve parliamentary committees attracted accusations corruption september accusations led giving post fort probably time married second wife temple attracted number accusations financial apparently proved ordered house_of_commons respond legal action attempted serve connection bond threw ground foot temple guardian daughter apparently marry son alexander result temple acquired deeds property ireland subsequently refused return years later accused estate prominent sussex catholic sir heir minor following temple marriage father invested farming venture brother law temple mary sir alexander apparently intended provide inheritance grandchildren children younger son sir alexander wanted ensure suitable provision younger son investment temple father benefit children apparently fled scotland late prominent successful member establishment possibility recovering money late temple went determine temple children death subsequent restoration charles_ii faced possibility execution case appears unresolved restoration temple returned parliament recall long general following restoration excluded act role trial execution captured trying travel ireland wife maiden held tower london tried tried avoid death penalty saying acted judge charles trial order information went claim tried prevent king execution begging spare avoid execution sentenced life imprisonment result security concerns number including temple sent jersey initially imprisoned subsequently reported died february described famous remarkable horrible business king came pack share | James Temple | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3182_JohnH.Clifford | january january american lawyer politician massachusetts served state attorney general 1850s retaining office dominated different political parties whig elected state 21st governor serving single term governor massachusetts born state attorney general gained fame leading prosecution sensational trials 19th century murder case case victim upper crust boston society featured use forensic secure conviction american civil war supported union cause involved unsuccessful maneuvers prosecute confederate president war later years served president boston early years born benjamin wade providence rhode_island january sixth thirteen children graduated read law coffin massachusetts massachusetts opened law practice maintained practice partners rest life married january couple children elected massachusetts legislature sat committee revised state statutes served aide governor position held lost election rewarded service naming district attorney southern district state post held years concurrently elected state senator representing appointed state attorney general governor major appointed whig official retained democrat took office explained memoirs good officer upright man lacked quality enables man reach conclusions useful investigate subject authorities leave conclusions administration party wished appoint candidate generally supported instructed lawyer respects opposite attorney general governor major case prosecuted murder boston sensational 19th century disappeared november harvard professor arrested murder method body disposal complete fact capital crime high status victim accused ensured great deal public interest case courtroom packed case complicated fact actual body assisted retained family resorted instead dental strong evidence build case jury returned guilty verdict half hours controversy afterward concerning jury instructions given chief justice eventually hanged crime case continued interest legal scholars allegations defense included lawyer lacking significant criminal trial experience failed aggressively dispute evidence presented introduce potentially evidence state whig party popularity case nomination governorship reluctantly accepted race difficult dominated presidential contest candidate stands state maine law addition whig support nominated party opposed maine law opponents running law nominations divided reactions compromise national election held week state election saw voting democrat way race involving democrat received vote majority requirement effect popular election elected state senate bishop demanded replacement senator exchange support single term governor refused stand reelection preferring work lawyer successor governor attorney general office held term service notably included tenure know governor politically whig advent know retained office anti immigrant legislation view extreme reform proposals know legislature tenure state constitution amended office attorney general elected appointed election elected replace later political legal work state hired assist phillips turned final stages long running year series issues concerning state boundary rhode_island phillips traveled january appearance time tensions exceptionally high united_states attorney general expressed concern washington attacked rebel forces letter massachusetts governor andrew warnings prompted andrew begin organizing massachusetts volunteer regiments american_civil_war like conservative politically opposed abolitionist movement described slave pro slavery aristocratic gentleman civil war broke supported union cause state participation conflict joined formation party oppose republicans formed primarily people supported pro union constitutional union party failed gain traction president abraham_lincoln preliminary issued september elected state senate year served president supported lincoln reelection chosen presidential casting vote chosen act special confederate president davis prosecuted treason variety reasons charges eventually dropped years political legal contributed debate difficulty davis virginia noting essentially packing jury failed prosecution result awkward outcome virginia jury sense outcome war resigned duties july later years retired legal profession president boston tenure railroad constructed new terminal station boston park square received degree brown harvard years president american_civil_war appointed board trustees initiative building educational resources post war south later years offered turned number diplomatic europe including ambassador russia ambassador ottoman_empire traveled warmer climates bid improve declining health appointed diplomatic commission established treaty washington united_kingdom resolve fishery issues owing delay difficulty selecting neutral commissioner assumed duties died heart disease short illness january home buried rural cemetery mansion stands orchard street contributing friendly relationship chief justice father law writer crossed paths number occasions notably summer occasion recounted story early cases later wrote asking details sent journal entries case ended material story published | John H. Clifford | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3194_GuillermoEndara | september president panama raised family allied founder attended school exile united_states argentina following removal power later received law degree panama subsequently served member panama briefly government minister heading exile following overthrow death leading opponent military dictatorship heading opposition coalition presidential election coalition judged international observers having defeated candidate results government running mates attacked streets paramilitary assaults received widespread coverage international media helping build support military action seven months later united_states invaded panama swore new president night invasion military base presidency abolished military replaced national police force term saw steady economic growth return democratic institutions high unemployment rates administration marked internal fighting corruption scandals popularity succeeded opposition candidate september ran office lost party candidate independent candidate died heart attack september months campaign early life career born panama father ally founder family went exile overthrown coup went school argentina los_angeles united_states described brilliant student later attended graduated class returned panama practice law specialized labor law founded firm panama successful law firms won public office declined evidence voter fraud election later served terms served minister planning economic policy brief term president overthrown october went underground jailed briefly joined exile remained politically engaged died leading opposition figure opposition presidential election ran candidate coalition parties opposed military ruler rival candidate selected government contributed million opposition campaigns unknown received money safeguard planned vote rigging organized count results country election sent district centers showed nearly margin took tally sheets district centers time opposition count international observers led president separate group observers appointed president agreed won decisive victory planned declare winner regardless actual results refused regardless results counting complete foreign interference day running mates led contingent thousand supporters protest elections urge candidates recognized winners protest attacked detachment paramilitary group supporting candidates badly beaten struck iron club leaving head briefly hospitalized received images attacks ford carried media world credited building public support invasion soon follow presidency armed forces government invasion panama december time taken refuge military bases control american officials told accept presidency alternative american occupation opposed military action campaign accepted presidency stating later morally choice certified winner election inaugurated fort december inaugurated vice president ford second vice president unlike previous rulers appointed whites ministerial positions excluding panama large population seen democracy later noted having defended freedom speech democratic institutions oversaw reform loyalists asserting civilian government returning group military national police force october passed amendment military urging second latin american country early coalition began ford publicly criticized april accusing rallying support vote dismissed cabinet resigned vice presidency december stating news conference government listen people courage changes responded resignation merely starting political campaign ahead time term office saw marked economic recovery nation years military rule presidency panama average annual economic growth unemployment rose near february overweight began hunger strike attention nation poverty pressure president previously pledged american aid course strike lost thirty pounds public approval rating fallen initial associated_press later described administration scandal financial scandals wife accused food donated italy streets won national lottery indicated intended money incident cited example administration lack concern panama poor later career broke party differences opinion party leader president accused party corruption ran presidential election candidate platform reducing crime government corruption primary rival candidate son military dictator ran platform strengthening democracy negotiating free trade agreement supported popular musician politician finished second receiving vote later founded political party moral vanguard candidate general elections party won election vote candidate won placed distant vote months later september died age apartment heart attack preparing dinner given state funeral september attended president presidents personal life married wife couple daughter grandchildren jacob died heart attack hospitalized attack remarried june age year old law student chinese origin reportedly happy marriage leave cabinet meetings quick marriage received widespread coverage press including new nickname happy | Guillermo Endara | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3268_HenryBellGilkeson | june september american lawyer politician school administrator banker west_virginia born virginia west_virginia eldest child dry goods merchant raised following graduation served superintendent district later studied law started law practice following death served principal west virginia schools deaf blind served west virginia legislature state senator representing 12th district west_virginia senate member west virginia house delegates served mayor beginning president early life education born virginia west_virginia june eldest child wife scottish ancestry father prominent dry goods merchant henry brother edward raised graduated virginia student inducted member beta fraternity completed special course engineering yale_university received education germany academic career following graduation later served superintendent district elected member brother deaf blind served member secretary fourth fifth sixth west virginia schools deaf blind position enabled familiar school efforts educate deaf blind students death schools principal selected serve principal institution reservations selecting immediate successor requested fill position temporarily board find permanent replacement left lucrative law practice accepted position condition serve interim principal sought suitable candidate build initiatives reforms believed administrators fluent sign language appointed serve tenure principal found personnel relied receive satisfactory results spent weeks acting principal appointed stay permanently tenure position principal included roles clerk steward final matters classroom lacked special training position business experience allowed run schools economically efficient manner pleased schools summer delegated attend new_york_city select fitting candidate present conference recommended replace principal west virginia schools deaf blind offer instructor return recommended hill resigned post principal hill subsequently appointed board fill position pleased performance principal wished stay position preferred return professional law political career end resumed practice law pursued political career continued involvement advocacy west virginia schools deaf blind especially influence prominent lawyer state legislator position state legislator condemn hold officials responsible west virginia schools deaf blind schools behalf following hill retirement political reasons displeased state political interference schools positions institution filled personnel political business ties lacked prior knowledge experience deaf blind education law political careers following tenure superintendent undertook study law started law practice subsequently prominent lawyer community law office located main street blocks west virginia schools deaf blind legal field high standing community served dean twice elected represent member west virginia house delegates legislative sessions leadership determined leading contender speaker candidacy fellow native selected party candidate instead august twelfth nominated fill vacant senate seat elected fill seat general election served remainder senate term time appointment twelfth district consisted hardy mineral counties appointed committees judiciary public buildings addition serving state senate held position mayor west_virginia beginning banking business career served board directors president granted charter september opened later december tenure president occupied rooms ground floor city previous bank virginia located prior american_civil_war served president retirement succeeded 15th governor west_virginia november operated mill creek mountain west later life death resided majority life involved community organizations leader officer son died november injuries sustained falling piece sharp iron penetrated stomach wife february following effects surgical procedure undergone cumberland maryland later years suffered experienced physical breakdown following death son october offensive world war shortly armistice germany second lieutenant engineers interred american cemetery memorial near graduate father alma mater account increasingly failing health spent summer maryland week death fell flight porch steps vacation residence number bones died september funeral held anniversary son death october interred wife son henry indian mound cemetery west_virginia achievements following death deaf blind instructor said son law bequeathed million shared alma mater father law brother law time largest given living person institution second largest gift year history arnold gave trust honor family religious activities active served trustee winchester fellow trustees instrumental securing house large partially wooded land lot bridge use centrally located remained trustee death commissioner general_assembly united_states representing attended assembly meeting jackson mississippi marriage family married november daughter iron gate virginia wedding ceremony reverend residence street washington employed teacher seminary following ceremony wife embarked tour wife children august married lawyer july october february november | Henry Bell Gilkeson | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3447_PaulGondjout | june july politician civil servant father prominent politician member ethnic group served french colonial administration founded des port delegate founded joined party eventually leader president government consulting parliament filed motion charged attempting coup état sentenced years prison following release appointed largely symbolic post president silence threat represented served minister state abortive coup état acquitted charges subsequent trial lived outside public view death july little record life period early life political career born june family younger brother named elder began service french colonial administration founded des port roughly translated organization utilised talents educated assistance established alongside elected senate france july elected times independent candidate serving end term june december father later prominent politician son nephew august merged form democratic course following seven years party published newspaper caught eye aspiring politician earlier helped elect council government formed alliance supported business community wealthy coastal like french managed fellow members self appointed secretary decreed secretary general believed political independence stating shortly obtained belief premature achieve total independence anarchy worse sort head aligned issues opposing power nonetheless gained independence august named president new president november called constitutional amendment allow executive power cabinet consulting parliament filed motion supposedly hoped benefit balance power modified advantage model western share ideas reacted november pretext conspiracy declared state emergency ordering opponents dissolution day asked vote february sentenced years prison imprisoned remote village house arrest supplied according ambassador beer drink girls want unable fulfill position given release appointed symbolic post president silence threat power coup état night february early morning february members military police headed lieutenant seized presidential palace arrested president french commanders major ministers president dragged bed gunpoint military announced people coup état taken place asked technical assistance told french interfere matter forced broadcast speech acknowledging defeat said day measure people patient patience limits came blood shed event people respond violently military interpreted sign approval offered presidency newly formed provisional government government composed civilian politicians coup served minister state coup leaders content restoring security civilians small army intervene composed french officers remained barracks second lieutenant gave instructions transfer electoral stronghold heavy rain deposed president captors took shelter unknown village morning decided easier road hours later returned new head government contacted french ambassador assure property foreign nationals protected request french military intervention paris president decided plea france loyal african allies visit france declared france regime europeans particularly treated french authorities decided accordance signed agreements restore legitimate government intervention commence formal request head state imprisoned french contacted vice president arrested remained decided compose letter confirming intervention later sign hours later french troops stationed landed restored power operation french soldier died post coup état fled captured february august trial rebels provisional government opened state imposed decreed local government surveillance suspected necessary order special permits required travel town trial held school building overlooking near hospital space hearing limited members public attending permits required attend trial family members restricted permit press coverage limited journalists allowed represented high profile news agency addition restrictions defence accused trial carried death sentence maximum prosecution called separate witnesses claimed formed provisional government constitutional manner request members argued french intervention effectively illegal act interference belief shared education minister september consulting handed verdict charges little known life death july buried near wife fashion model secondary school established | Paul Gondjout | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3537_HumphreyMarshall(politician) | politician july politician states virginia kentucky served state states represented kentucky united_states senate member marshall political family included cousins chief justice united_states federal judge noted educator prominent members family marshall father congressman grandfather congressman confederate general revolutionary war marshall served war moved kentucky district virginia extremely wealthy farmer surveyor delegate kentucky conventions delegates kentucky district vote favor constitution virginia convention kentucky gained marshall elected state legislature despite fact unpopular cause received slight boost federal forces successful ending indian threat battle fallen result general_assembly elected marshall senator marshall principles supporting alien acts voting jay treaty action constituents tried throw defeated reelection elected state legislature legislative session disagreement led duel men slightly wounded early marshall prominent kentucky politicians scheme kentucky union alliance spain senate term resumed charges pages newspaper allegations resulted legislative investigation judge found receiving pension spain resigned bench federal judge target marshall allegations embroiled legal battle lasted decade hired write publish book giving version dealings spain marshall countered publishing history kentucky partisan widely read history state time marshall ended legal battle agreement signed publish negative upheld agreement years death marshall published updated edition history kentucky previous version marshall faded public life later years died home son lexington kentucky july early life born virginia son john mary marshall apparently named honor maternal grandfather marshall father man means despite member prominent virginia family little known marshall early years tradition holds formal education childhood cousin mary later wife taught read eventually john sent live brother educated scottish educated thomas children thomas children cousins future chief justice united_states future federal judge noted educator addition thomas daughters married future attorney receiving education marshall surveyor january marshall enlisted cadet year term service revolutionary war unit command uncle thomas held rank colonel marshall assigned company captain edwards service records lost according pension application held rank lieutenant later lieutenant december promoted rank captain lieutenant year commitment marshall fellow soldiers expired unit disbanded february marshall designated officer ended military service rewarded acres land western frontier marshall moved present day kentucky deputy surveyor serving uncle thomas settling lexington purchased lot september married cousin mary marshall thomas daughter couple sons congressman father congressman confederate general daughter killed infancy lightning shortly creation marshall moved borders appointed county surveyor virginia governor capacity surveyed claimed significant additional tracts land kentucky wealthy citizens according tradition marshall known ride versailles distance miles enter tract land didn supposed boasted measured silver having time count individual coins marshall believe rule masses frequently expressing disdain common people sharp wit lack writing little neighbors like members family principles majority affiliated democratic republicans neighbors wrote pamphlets denouncing religion kinds published expense later descendants embarrassed anti religious writings personal papers burned early political career letter kentucky gazette indicated marshall unsuccessfully sought election year contest given letter continued defeat convinced marshall win elected office subsequently lobbied creation hoping gain office new county county created immediately applied county lieutenant office apparently promised marshall applied appointment deputy lieutenant received appointment known marshall began studying law tutor practicing early year discovered flaw original survey town flaw choice acres land northern remained marshall quickly entered claims land office marshall gained membership promoting useful knowledge based society dedicated information farmers mechanics common citizens apparently accepted membership sources report accepted member initially rejected marshall gained public attention expressing suspicions negotiations spain free use mississippi_river possibility kentucky united_states affiliate spanish possessions remainder life vigorously opposed suspected involved spanish conspiracy marshall delegate convention consider separating kentucky virginia time primary positions regard question separation favored immediate separation virginia consent favored waiting legal approval virginia marshall group uncle thomas primary spokesman position biographer notes prominence notable acted said historians marshall announced candidacy delegate proposed constitution unpopular parts kentucky marshall openly favored ratification hoping wreck marshall candidacy man named charged marshall letter acknowledged pages kentucky gazette marshall called harris publish letter harris insulted marshall demand threatened cane meeting harris fired pistols marshall shot injured marshall beating harris stick severely force retreat encounter despite favorable position proposed federal constitution marshall chosen delegate convention june joined delegates voting ratification kentucky delegates opposed ratification final convention vote favor ratification reported delegates beginning commitment proposed constitution marshall resolve influenced delegates parts virginia favor marshall elected convention consider separation virginia kentucky separation virginia elected represent kentucky house representatives notable piece legislation authored act simplified classification taxation land reelected position opposed men supplies proposed attack spanish new_orleans attack promoted marshall accused sitting governor matter partly result marshall attacks prominent democratic republicans governor gained influence state legislature cause bolstered federal forces federal victory battle fallen august later year general_assembly nominated marshall united states senate ballot marshall garnered votes compared democratic republican incumbent runoff ballot followed marshall defeated vote shortly marshall departed philadelphia temporary national capital justices published pamphlet stating marshall case known copies pamphlet extant related surviving documents relate exact nature charges marshall state unable reply immediately charges enemies general_assembly drafted memorial requesting investigation charges december memorial approved general_assembly transmitted senate senate appointed committee recommend action memorial committee found charges marshall specific authors provided evidence evaluate charges empowered prosecute charges senate action senate inappropriate march senate approved committee report vote filed formal charges marshall marshall frequently active debate senate floor strong advocate nearly measure considered body unpopular kentucky including marshall vote favor jay treaty particularly unpopular constituents returned home vote mob angry citizens mob tried throw marshall marshall appealed crowd declaring allow according baptist rules irregular administer baptism receiver gives experience determined proceed let exercise performed decent order let experience thought hearing religious testimony marshall noted mob disbanded fit laughter marshall escaped subsequent election defeated marshall seat later political career senate term marshall returned farm law practice seldom acting realm public affairs resumed attacks suspected participants spanish conspiracy articles newly founded newspaper written pseudonym observer prompted form select committee investigate charges committee found received pension year spain return involvement conspiracy federal judge frequent object marshall suspicions testified committee resigned position court house declined pursue action marshall unsuccessfully lobbied brother law attorney grand jury attempting enlist participate conspiracy marshall intensified attacks judge pages severe prompted sue marshall founder libel cases dragged years courts involvement exposure marshall declared candidacy seat kentucky house implicated marshall spanish conspiracy recruited lawyer turned farmer oppose marshall approximately votes cast marshall elected majority votes marshall biographer records records services legislature time journals session existence believed rate extremely rare believed introduced measure reduced limitation years seven duel marshall sought reelection defeated opponent majority votes identical margin previous year expectations confrontation marshall fellow representative high session owing tensions dating clay defense conspiracy biography clay records clay allies house refused vote speaker house clay remain chamber floor better able counter marshall clay chair chamber separated marshall general representative described german gigantic size strength minor passed marshall clay early session relative peace dissolved december clay introduced resolution calling members general_assembly wear means encouraging local manufacturing reducing british imports clay typically wore finer marshall duration debate motion clay wore simple clothes marshall regarded measure employed tailor suit british wear house floor men exchanged insults house floor commenced physical altercation intervention instead january clay challenged marshall duel quickly accepted duel took place indiana january kentucky provided pistols shot marshall missed clay lightly marshall stomach marshall missed second shot clay pistol marshall shot lightly wounded clay thigh clay missed marshall entirely clay insisted shot marshall declined grounds clay injury unequal adversary matter ended expulsion reelection house tensions marshall continued marshall tenure legislature acting recommendation advisory jury dismissed unrelated fraud case brought marshall district court marshall convincing congressman file petition house_of_representatives countered having son law pursue marshall state house petition failed marshall succeeded marshall expelled house elected following year marshall sought reelection defeated margin votes served city unsuccessful run losing long absence politics marshall called final act public service death elected died office marshall pursued abbreviated campaign vacant seat defeated margin votes primary issue day controversy attempt legislature abolish extant replace new court retaliation law passed previous legislative session marshall enjoyed higher level support election virtue support prevailing sentiment district actions session appear seek reelection end term later life death political career marshall interested writing frequently contributed content state newspapers occasionally wrote poetry founded newspaper state published issue june newspapers sympathetic democratic republicans soon derided snake marshall added inscription country paper marshall soon changed paper eventually sold immediately changed newspaper dubbing resolution legal disputes libel suit joseph street fully jury found favor awarded damages counsel insisted desired guilty verdict street collect damages soon street moved illinois libel suit marshall dragged allies hired author publish version interactions spain marshall countered publishing history kentucky partisan popular history kentucky time street returned kentucky deposition case swore writ collect damages awarded case street unable pay street imprisoned case marshall ended hung jury case marshall signed agreement end legal battle agreement stipulated man write publish upheld agreement years death marshall published updated volume version history kentucky critical suspected participating spanish conspiracy death marshall retired public life altogether selling wife died previous year soon selling newspaper paralyzed disabled soon moved lexington live son thomas professor died son home july entire life marshall dictated slaves death buried estate kentucky marker erected grave general_assembly allocated marshall remains place marker grave family members asked remains | Humphrey Marshall (politician) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3567_TedKennedy | february august united_states senator massachusetts member democratic_party second senior member senate died fourth longest serving senator united_states history having served years prominent living member kennedy family years surviving son youngest brother president senator victims assassination father congressman kennedy entered senate november special election fill seat held brother john elected year term reelected seven times incident july resulted death automobile passenger kennedy pleaded guilty charge leaving scene accident incident aftermath hindered chances president united_states attempt presidential election resulted democratic primary campaign loss incumbent president kennedy known charisma skills eulogy brother robert rallying cry modern american best known speeches recognized lion senate long tenure influence bills kennedy staff wrote enacted law liberal kennedy championed government emphasizing economic social justice known working republicans find senators disparate views kennedy played major role passing laws including laws addressing immigration cancer research health insurance disability discrimination aids care civil rights mental health benefits children health insurance education 2000s led unsuccessful immigration reform efforts course senate career continuing obama administration kennedy continued efforts enact universal health care called cause life kennedy hospitalized suffering seizure diagnosed brain limited appearances senate died august port massachusetts home later years life come viewed major figure spokesman american early life born february section boston massachusetts youngest children members prominent irish american families boston constituted wealthiest families nation elder siblings included john robert john asked newborn godfather request parents honored agree request baby newborn entered world president birthday named assistant instead frequently uprooted child family moved new_york massachusetts florida london england attended different schools age education suffering result age seven received communion pope vatican spent sixth seventh grades mediocre student eighth grade massachusetts parents youngest child compared older brothers ages sixteen suffered failed deaths airplane crashes early political personal influence maternal grandfather honey mayor boston congressman spent high school years prep school massachusetts grades finished 36th class graduated high school football playing varsity years school later described play absolutely fearless tackled express train new_york asked loved contact sports played tennis team drama debate glee clubs college military service law school like father brothers attended spring semester assigned athlete oriented brothers lived offensive defensive end freshman football team play characterized large size fearless style semester kennedy friends arranged copy answers student final examination science class end second semester anxious maintaining eligibility athletics year friend place spanish language examination ruse immediately discovered students expelled cheating standard harvard treatment disciplinary cases told apply year demonstrating good behavior kennedy enlisted united_states_army june signing optional year term shortened minimum years father intervened following basic training fort new_jersey requested assignment maryland training dropped weeks explanation went camp gordon georgia training june kennedy assigned honor guard shape headquarters paris france father political connections ensured deployed ongoing korean war stationed europe traveled extensively weekends climbed switzerland discharged months march private class kennedy entered harvard summer improved study habits brother john senator family attracting public attention joined owl final club chosen fraternity athletic probation sophomore year kennedy returned second string way end crimson junior year barely missed earning varsity letter received recruiting head coach asking interest playing professionally kennedy saying plans attend law school contact sport politics kennedy starter end harvard senior season working hard improve blocking complement size season ending game snow yale bowl november yale won kennedy caught pass score harvard touchdown team finished season record academically kennedy received mediocre grades years improved average senior year finished barely half class age kennedy graduated harvard history government accepted grades kennedy followed brother bobby enrolled acceptance controversial faculty alumni judged kennedy past cheating episode incompatible honor code took faculty vote admit kennedy attended summer virginia kennedy felt study times hard times long students grades middle class ranking winner prestigious elected head family connections brought prominent speakers campus fast automotive habits curtailed charged reckless driving driving license attending law school officially named manager brother john senate election campaign ability connect ordinary voters street helped bring record setting victory margin gave credibility john presidential aspirations graduated law school family early career early second year law school october kennedy met following dedication speech gymnasium family donated campus purchase new_york bennett senior worked model won beauty contests unfamiliar world politics engagement grew nervous marrying know father insisted wedding proceed married cardinal november joseph church new_york reception held nearby children february september born september born july mid-1960s marriage trouble joan growing alcoholism kennedy admitted john ran president united_states managed campaign western states learned fly democratic primary campaign western states meeting delegates bonding trying hand ski jumping riding seven weeks spent wisconsin helped brother win contested primary season similar time spent wyoming rewarded unanimous vote state delegates brother following victory presidential election john vacated seat senator massachusetts eligible fill vacancy february turn thirty initially wanted stay west run office right away said disadvantage position constantly compared brothers superior ability brothers favor running immediately senate seat accomplishment match brothers father overruled john asked massachusetts governor kennedy family friend interim senator john term december kept seat available started work february assistant district attorney massachusetts took nominal salary developed hard attitude crime took overseas trips billed fact finding tours goal improving foreign policy credentials nation latin american trip fbi reports time showed kennedy meeting alleged soviet spy locals country reports deemed left communist reports fbi sources kennedy renting opening hours tour latin american trip helped kennedy foreign policy views subsequent boston_globe columns warned region turn communism reach effective way kennedy began speaking local political clubs organizations special election massachusetts kennedy initially faced democratic_party primary challenge state attorney general kennedy slogan massachusetts john campaign seat years earlier support liberals intellectuals thought kennedy inexperienced knew suspension harvard fact later public race kennedy faced notion brother president attorney general don think kennedy kennedy proved effective street level televised debate said office united_states senator inherited said opponent candidacy joke voters thought performance family political machine finally getting fully kennedy won september primary margin november special election kennedy defeated republican product noted massachusetts political family gaining percent vote united_states senator years brothers kennedy sworn senate november maintained attitude older laden southern members entered senate avoiding publicity focusing committee work local issues compared brothers office lacked john robert intense drive november kennedy presiding senate task given junior members aide rushed tell brother president shot brother robert soon told president dead sister kennedy flew family home port massachusetts tell father afflicted stroke suffered december news june kennedy passenger private commander airplane flying bad weather washington massachusetts crashed apple orchard western massachusetts town southampton final approach pilot kennedy aides killed kennedy pulled wreckage fellow senator birch spent months hospital recovering severe injury lung broken ribs internal bleeding suffered chronic pain rest life kennedy took advantage long meet academics study issues closely hospital experience triggered lifelong interest provision health care services wife joan campaigning regular election massachusetts defeated republican opponent margin kennedy returned senate january walking cane employing stronger effective legislative staff took president succeeded voting rights act explicitly ban poll tax state local level directing attorney general challenge gaining reputation legislative skill leader pushing ended system based national origin despite kennedy predictions profound effect demographic makeup united_states played role creation following cold warrior path fallen brother kennedy initially said reservations expanding role vietnam war acknowledging long enduring struggle kennedy held hearings plight refugees conflict revealed government coherent policy refugees kennedy tried reform unfair aspects draft time january trip vietnam kennedy disillusioned lack progress suggested publicly tell shape going ship initially advised brother robert challenging incumbent president johnson democratic nomination presidential election strong showing new_hampshire primary led robert presidential campaign starting march recruited political leaders endorsements brother western states san_francisco brother robert won crucial california primary june midnight robert shot los_angeles died day later devastated death closest robert kennedy family kennedy aide said seeing hospital robert lay mortally wounded expect face grief delivered eulogy robert funeral included quoted brother need enlarged death life remembered simply good decent man saw wrong tried right saw suffering tried heal saw war tried stop loved rest today pray wished day come pass world said times parts nation touched sought touch men things dream things chaotic democratic national convention august mayor chicago party factions feared unite party encouraged available draft year old kennedy seen natural heir brothers draft movements sprang quarters delegates thinking seen stand brother ready job getting uncertain reaction mccarthy negative southern delegates kennedy rejected place convention candidate nomination declined consideration vice presidential spot remained symbolic standard bearer robert delegates instead deaths brothers took role father reports negotiated october marital contract following republican richard_nixon victory november kennedy widely assumed runner democratic nomination january kennedy defeated louisiana senator margin senate majority whip youngest person attain position boosted presidential image appeared conflicted having run position reluctance danger kennedy reportedly observed know going ass shot day don want constant series death threats kennedy rest career incident night july kennedy martha island party gave boiler room girls group young women worked brother robert presidential campaign year kennedy left party driving women year old later drove pond inlet tidal channel island kennedy escaped overturned vehicle description dove surface seven times attempting reach ultimately swam shore left scene contacted authorities morning body discovered july kennedy pleaded guilty leaving scene accident given sentence months jail suspended night gave national broadcast said regard fact report accident police immediately denied driving influence alcohol denied immoral conduct kennedy asked massachusetts electorate stay office resign getting favorable response messages sent kennedy announced july remain senate run election year january death held massachusetts request kennedy lawyers ordered conducted secret presiding judge concluded aspects kennedy story night true driving appears contributed death grand jury martha conducted day investigation april issued indictment report public kennedy deemed conclusions justified questions incident generated large number articles books years 1970s end kennedy joined new invitation founder president died senator chairman senate labor health lost primary election kennedy leadership role issue national health insurance august kennedy introduced bill universal national health insurance cost sharing paid payroll taxes general federal revenue kennedy easily won election term senate november percent vote republican candidate received fewer votes january kennedy lost position senate majority whip lost support members defeated senator west_virginia later tell defeat blessing allowed focus issues committee work best strengths lay exert influence independently democratic party apparatus began decade chairman senate labor february president nixon proposed health insurance reform employer mandate offer private health insurance support health maintenance organizations hearings national health insurance held bill support kennedy sponsored helped pass limited act played leading role senator creation passage national cancer act october kennedy speech troubles northern_ireland said britain vietnam demanded british troops leave northern counties called united ireland declared accept given decent opportunity britain position backed away couple years kennedy harshly criticized british formed long political relationship labour_party founder scores anti war speeches kennedy opposed president richard_nixon policy calling policy violence means war december kennedy strongly criticized nixon administration support pakistan ignoring brutal systematic repression pakistani army traveled india wrote report plight million refugees february kennedy flew bangladesh delivered speech killing begun year earlier greatly damaged kennedy future presidential prospects declared shortly incident candidate presidential election polls suggested win nomination tried kennedy gave thought running year decided saying needed breathing time gain experience care children brothers sum feels wrong gut november poll place democratic nomination race percent near democratic nomination june forces tried kennedy enter contest minute declined repeatedly tried recruit kennedy vice presidential running mate turned choice stepped soon convention tried kennedy nod success instead chose kennedy brother law kennedy son discovered leg underwent long difficult experimental year drug treatment case brought international attention doctors general media young kennedy return ski slopes half year later suffering severe attacks pressure situation mounted times entered facilities alcoholism emotional strain arrested drunk driving traffic accident february president nixon proposed comprehensive health insurance reform employer mandate offer private health insurance replacement state run health insurance plans available income based cost sharing april kennedy mills introduced bill near universal national health insurance benefits identical expanded nixon plan criticized labor senior citizen organizations substantial cost sharing august nixon resignation president ford health insurance reform mills tried advance compromise based nixon plan gave conservative half committee instead backed limited voluntary tax credit plan wake scandal kennedy pushed campaign finance reform leading force passage set contribution limits established public financing presidential elections april kennedy travelled soviet_union met leader advocated nuclear test ban relaxed emigration gave speech met soviet secured exit famed kennedy continued focus vietnam especially fall kennedy initially opposed racial lines grew support practice focal point civil rights efforts federal judge ordered racially integrate boston public schools kennedy surprise appearance september anti rally city hall plaza express need peaceful dialogue met extreme hostility predominantly white crowd insults children tomatoes eggs retreated john kennedy federal building went far push glass walls break kennedy talked contender presidential election strong runners possible democratic candidates kennedy concerns family strong news boston_globe time magazine incident raising doubts kennedy version events september kennedy announced family reasons run election declaring decision firm final eventual democratic nominee built little way relationship kennedy primary campaign convention general election campaign kennedy senate election defeated primary challenger angry support school boston won general election percent vote carter administration years difficult kennedy important democrat washington brother robert death carter kennedy committee influence carter turn resented kennedy status political celebrity despite generally similar priorities different kennedy expressed reporters content congressional role viewed presidential ambitions far kennedy wife joan separated staged joint appearances public events held hearings march led public revelations extensive scientific misconduct contract research organizations including kennedy visited china goodwill mission late december meeting leader eventually gaining permission number mainland chinese nationals leave country visited soviet_union 1970s kennedy showed interest nuclear efforts field visited hiroshima january gave public speech effect chairman time amassed wide ranging senate staff candidate carter proposed health care reform included key features kennedy national health insurance bill december president carter told kennedy bill changed preserve large role private insurance companies minimize federal spending payroll tax financing phased interfere carter paramount domestic policy objective balancing federal budget kennedy labor compromised requested changes broke carter july commit pursuing single bill fixed schedule comprehensive coverage frustrated carter budgetary concerns political caution december speech national health insurance democratic convention kennedy said liberal goals overall party sail wind particular provide health care basic right expensive privilege kennedy proposed new universal national health insurance bill choice competing federally regulated private health insurance plans cost sharing financed income based employer mandate individual mandate replacement government payment private adding drug coverage eliminating cost sharing june carter proposed limited health insurance reform employer mandate provide catastrophic private health insurance plus coverage cost sharing pregnant women extension poor adding catastrophic coverage plan gained traction congress failure come agreement represented final political breach carter wrote kennedy disagreements carter proposed approach ironically thwarted carter efforts provide comprehensive health care system country turn kennedy wrote relationship carter clearly president carter difficult man convince presidential campaign kennedy finally decided seek democratic nomination presidential election launching unusual campaign incumbent carter member party poll shown democrats preferring kennedy carter margin spring summer kennedy run carter intimidated despite percent approval rating saying publicly kennedy runs whip ass carter later asserted kennedy constant criticism policies strong indicator kennedy planning run presidency labor unions urged kennedy run democratic party officials feared carter result heavy losses congressional elections august kennedy decided run polls showed advantage carter carter approval rating slipped percent kennedy formally announced campaign november boston received substantial negative press response question want president interview broadcast days earlier iranian hostage crisis began november soviet invasion afghanistan began december prompted electorate rally president allowed carter pursue rose garden strategy staying white house kept kennedy campaign headlines kennedy campaign staff disorganized kennedy initially ineffective incident emerged significant issue staff expected newspaper editorials criticizing kennedy answers matter january iowa initiated season carter demolished kennedy percent margin kennedy fundraising immediately declined campaign remained defiant saying going whip kennedy lost new_england contests kennedy form coherent message running saying believe permit dream social progress shattered premises failed concerns issues related personal character prevented kennedy gaining support people disillusioned carter chicago kennedy wear bullet proof vest assassination threats key march primary illinois kennedy failed gain support catholic voters carter crushed winning delegates little mathematical hope winning nomination polls showing likely defeat new_york primary kennedy prepared withdraw race partially jewish voter vote united_nations israeli settlements kennedy staged upset won march vote percent margin carter responded advertising campaign attacked kennedy character general explicitly mentioning kennedy managed narrow win april pennsylvania primary carter won held june super tuesday kennedy won california new_jersey smaller states contests overall kennedy won presidential carter won carter delegates clinch nomination kennedy carried campaign august new_york hoping pass rule free delegates bound primary results open convention failed night convention kennedy withdrew second night august kennedy delivered famous speech career drawing allusions quotes alfred lord american concluded words hours ago campaign came end cares concern work goes cause hope lives dream shall die madison square garden audience reacted wild applause demonstrations half hour final night kennedy arrived late carter acceptance speech shook carter hand failed raise carter arm traditional party unity carter difficulty securing kennedy supporters election campaign factor led defeat november ronald_reagan 1980s election saw republicans capture presidency control senate kennedy minority party time career kennedy presidential loss instead reaffirmed public commitment american chose ranking member labor public welfare committee later important decisions career kennedy committed champion women issues gay rights established relationships select republican senators block reagan actions preserve improve voting rights act funding aids treatment equal funding women sports title combat minority worked long hours devised series hearings like public forums invite experts discuss topics important kennedy hope stop reagan government nearly sole effective democrat battling january announced getting divorce proceedings generally received reported million settlement divorce granted later year kennedy created friends ireland organization senator house speaker tip support initiatives peace reconciliation northern_ireland kennedy easily defeated republican businessman win election senate leaders granted seat allowing major seats despite traditional limit seats kennedy visible opposing aspects foreign policy reagan administration including intervention support nicaragua opposing reagan supported weapons systems including bomber missile strategic defense initiative kennedy senate leading advocate nuclear freeze critic reagan policies soviet_union memorandum chairman general secretary noted stance asserted kennedy senator discussions soviet contacts suggested relations improved kennedy meet person discuss arms control issues soviet officials kennedy help able address american public news media unimpressed idea kennedy staff drew detailed plans candidacy presidential election considered family opposed realization senate fully satisfying career late decided run kennedy campaigned hard democratic presidential nominee defended vice presidential nominee criticism pro choice catholic reagan elected landslide kennedy staged dangerous high profile trip south_africa january defied government wishes militant anti white spending night home visited wife imprisoned black leader returning kennedy leader push economic sanctions south_africa collaborating senator secured senate passage reagan veto comprehensive anti act despite political differences kennedy reagan good personal relationship administration approval kennedy traveled soviet_union act arms control negotiations soviet leader discussions productive kennedy helped gain release number soviet jewish including kennedy accomplished legislator personal life troubled time weight fluctuated wildly drank heavily times interfere senate duties kennedy later acknowledged went lot difficult times period life drinking somewhat factor force chased women frequently series romantic relationships want commit long term fellow senator twice drunken incidents washington restaurants involving physical contact kennedy young female surprised room restaurant state partial considering candidacy presidential election influenced personal difficulties family concerns content remaining senate december kennedy publicly cut short talk run added know decision means president pursuit presidency life public service kennedy legislative skills achieve passage cobra act extended employer based health benefits leaving job following congressional elections democrats regained control senate kennedy chair labor public welfare committee kennedy colleague termed best senate knew best legislation kennedy continued close working relationship ranking republican senator close allies health related measures kennedy biggest battles senate came reagan july nomination judge kennedy saw possible appointment leading civil rights law helped place feared judicial philosophy kennedy staff researched writings record hour nomination initially expected succeed kennedy went senate floor announce opposition america land women forced alley blacks sit segregated lunch rogue police break citizens doors midnight raids taught evolution writers artists censored government doors federal courts shut fingers millions citizens rhetoric known speech enraged supporters considered worried democrats reagan administration unprepared assault speech democrats supporting nomination gave kennedy opponents time prepare case september hearings began kennedy challenged civil rights privacy women rights issues demeanor hurt nomination defeated committee senate tone battle changed way washington worked controversial nominees candidates experiencing war waged felt decades later presidential election kennedy supported eventual democratic nominee massachusetts governor start campaign fall lost kennedy won election senate republican easiest race career kennedy remained powerful force senate kennedy sponsored amendment fair housing act prohibits discrimination rental sale marketing financing nation housing amendment strengthened ability enforce act expanded protected classes include disabled persons families children prolonged negotiations bush chief staff attorney general secure bush approval directed passage landmark americans disabilities act kennedy personal interest bill sister condition son lost leg considered enactment important successes career late 1980s kennedy hatch staged prolonged battle senator provide funding combat aids epidemic provide treatment low income people affected passage ryan white care act late november kennedy traveled hand newly fallen berlin wall spoke site famous speech said emotionally wish brother seen fall rise kennedy personal life came dominate image european vacation photographed having sex february published long thorough profile rocks magazine captured kennedy aging irish bottle blonde portrayed control regency brought behavior forefront public attention death cancer brother law august left kennedy emotionally loss close family member kennedy pushed legislative successes civil rights act expanded employee rights discrimination cases came cost criticized republicans southern democrats easter weekend kennedy family florida estate restless brother law left late night visit local bar getting son patrick nephew smith accompany smith returned women met said subsequently walked patrick dressed weird look face smith went beach sex said said rape local police delayed investigation soon kennedy sources feeding press negative information background mainstream newspapers broke taboo publishing case quickly media directly implicated case kennedy frequent butt jokes tonight late night television programs time magazine said kennedy perceived tabloid newsweek said kennedy living symbol family flaws contentious supreme_court nomination united_states history thomas thomas hearings began september kennedy pressed thomas express opinion wade nomination appeared headed success sexual harassment charges broke following month nomination battle dominated public discourse kennedy past reputation ongoing developments smith case said day thomas hill hearings criticized hill supporters little late biographer rates kennedy silence thomas hearings worst moment senate career writer said kennedy let facts life day senate vote kennedy gave speech thomas declaring treatment hill benefit doubt judge thomas judge thomas important supreme_court voted nomination thomas confirmed margin successful nomination media attention thomas hearings kennedy public image suffered poll gave kennedy low percent national approval rating poll found percent massachusetts citizens thought kennedy run reelection margin thought kennedy authorities investigation kennedy losing hypothetical senate race governor points june dinner party kennedy saw washington lawyer divorced mother daughter old kennedy family ally louisiana judge began dating september relationship late october speech john kennedy school government kennedy sought begin political recovery saying aware criticism directed recent months involves far disagreements positions involves disappointment friends rely fight good fight recognize shortcomings faults conduct private life realize responsible confront december smith rape trial held nationally televised watched murder case years later kennedy testimony trial relaxed confident forthcoming helped convince public involvement peripheral smith acquitted kennedy continued relationship devoted children caroline engaged march married judge july civil ceremony kennedy home virginia gain credit personal life helping resume productive career senate presidential ambitions left kennedy formed good relationship democratic president bill_clinton taking office despite having initially backed fellow massachusetts senator democratic presidential kennedy floor managed successful passage clinton created program despite reservations supported president issue kennedy cared national health insurance supported involved formation clinton health care plan run lady failed badly damaged prospects legislation years come kennedy strong recommendation played role clinton appointing kennedy senator home page world wide web product effort helped counter image kennedy old touch election massachusetts kennedy faced challenger young funded ran successful entrepreneur washington outsider strong family image moderate stands social issues kennedy recent past 25th anniversary wife joan seeking divorce settlement mid september polls showed race kennedy campaign ran short money image wealthy forced second mortgage virginia home kennedy responded series attack ads focused shifting political views treatment workers paper products plant owned kennedy new wife proved strong asset campaigning kennedy held widely watched late october debate clear winner kennedy pulled ahead polls stayed ahead afterward november election despite bad outcome democratic_party nationally kennedy won election percent percent margin closest election race career kennedy mother rose died january age kennedy intensified practice catholicism attending mass times week carrying kennedy role liberal lion senate came fore republican revolution took control legislation intending fulfill contract america coming house_of_representatives democrats senate country overall depressed kennedy rallied forces combat republicans beginning republicans contract failed pass senate democrats forward legislation coming kennedy staff kennedy secured increase minimum wage law favorite issue increase years following failure clinton health care plan kennedy went past strategy sought measures instead kennedy worked republican senator create pass act set new marks insurance records year forced insurance companies treat mental health payments respect limits reached kennedy prime increased tobacco taxes fund largest expansion funded health insurance coverage children began 1960s senator hatch lady played major roles passing kennedy president clinton scandal trying cheer president getting add past kennedy defense team helped improve president fortunes trial bill_clinton kennedy voted clinton charges saying republicans house_of_representatives partisan president power precisely way rejected regard constitution american people july tragedy struck kennedy family light aircraft crashed atlantic_ocean coast martha accident killed pilot wife sister law patriarch extended family president clinton public memorial service saying nephew think irish phrase live gray hair beloved like father gift length years served role model family members boston_globe wrote changed role evolution surprised people knew baby family grown man reckless steady patriarch family turned good times bad 2000s kennedy easy time election senate republican lawyer entrepreneur sufficiently damaged past personal record republican state party officials refused endorse kennedy got percent general election vote robinson splitting rest long disputed post presidential election battle florida kennedy supported vice president legal actions bitter contest democrats congress want work incoming president kennedy saw bush genuinely interested major overhaul elementary secondary education bush saw kennedy potential major ally senate partnered legislation kennedy accepted provisions governing mandatory student testing teacher democrats like return increased funding levels education child left act passed congress june signed law bush january kennedy soon implementation act saying billion short billion authorized kennedy said tragedy long reforms finally place funds accused bush living personal word matter democrats concluded kennedy penchant cross party deals gotten better white_house defended spending levels given context wars going kennedy senate offices meeting lady september attacks took place involved taken boston following weeks kennedy massachusetts families lost members attacks pushed legislation provided healthcare grief counseling benefits families recommended appointment chief staff special master government september 11th victim compensation fund kennedy maintained ongoing bond massachusetts families subsequent years reaction attacks kennedy supporter american led overthrow government afghanistan kennedy strongly opposed iraq war start senators voting iraq war resolution october iraqi grew subsequent years kennedy pronounced conflict bush vietnam response losses massachusetts service personnel bombs kennedy vocal issue vulnerability sponsored enacted legislation sped production army armored despite strained relationship kennedy bush child left spending attempted work extending cover drug benefits kennedy strategy doubted democrats saw proposed billion program opportunity missed final improvement contained provisions steer seniors private plans kennedy switched opposing passed late led kennedy betrayed bush administration democratic_party presidential kennedy campaigned heavily fellow massachusetts senator lent chief staff campaign kennedy appeal effective blue collar minority voters helped stage come win iowa propelled democratic nomination bush won second term general election kennedy continued oppose iraq issues kennedy sought partner republicans matter immigration reform context ongoing united_states immigration debate kennedy chair united_states refugees kennedy teamed republican senator john_mccain orderly immigration act kennedy bill reach senate vote provided template attempts dealing guest worker programs border enforcement components kennedy returned comprehensive immigration reform act sponsored diverse group senators strong support bush administration bill aroused furious opposition talk radio listeners amnesty program despite kennedy minute attempts salvage failed vote senate kennedy philosophical defeat saying took attempts multiple type legislation build momentum passage kennedy released children book view dog splash senator dog eye view washington kennedy released political history entitled america track kennedy easily won election senate winning percent vote republican language school owner suffered poor recognition illness new president kennedy initially stated support run president january said kennedy remained neutral democratic nomination battle senator senator barack_obama intensified friend running initial split withdrawn kennedy dissatisfied tone clinton campaign saw racially tinged remarks bill_clinton kennedy gave endorsement obama january despite appeals seen symbolic passing torch kennedy said time new generation leadership compared obama ability inspire fallen brothers return kennedy gained commitment obama universal health care priority administration elected kennedy endorsement considered influential democrat raised possibility improving obama vote getting unions traditional base democrats dominated political news gave national exposure candidate known country super tuesday nation approached kennedy suffered seizure rushed kennedy compound cape hospital helicopter boston days doctors announced kennedy type brain grim diagnosis brought reactions shock prayer senators parties president bush doctors initially told kennedy looked opinions decided aggressive exhausting course treatment possible june kennedy underwent brain surgery attempt remove possible operation conducted kennedy conscious minimize permanent effects deemed successful goals kennedy left hospital week later begin course radiation treatment opinions varied kennedy surgery typically extended survival time matter months people lived years operation follow treatments left kennedy thinner prone weak short energy hurt balance kennedy post illness public appearance july surprised senate showing supply added vote break republican bill preserve fees doctors additionally ill attack kidney stones advice associates kennedy insisted appearing night democratic national convention august video tribute played introduced niece senator said wonderful going away special gathering tonight delivered speech delegates impaired vision left unable read reminiscent speech said november torch passed new generation americans barack_obama country committed cause work begins hope rises dream lives dramatic appearance speech electrified convention audience kennedy vowed present obama inaugurated september kennedy suffered mild seizure home port examined released hospital day doctors believed change medication triggered seizure kennedy relocated florida winter continuing treatments sailing lot staying touch legislative matters telephone absence senators wore blue january kennedy attended barack_obama presidential inauguration washington suffered seizure immediately taken wheelchair capitol building ambulance following morning released hospital home washington doctors attributed episode simple fatigue began kennedy dropped spot focus health care issues regarded cause life saw characteristics obama administration democratic congress representing best great chance universal health care following lost nixon clinton opportunities big legislative battle kennedy surprise appearance senate break republican obama package spring arrived kennedy appeared frequently announce attendance committee meetings sure kennedy appear march prime minister united kingdom announced kennedy granted honorary queen elizabeth_ii work northern_ireland peace process contribution relations caused controversy connections irish republican political party later march bill expanding program renamed serve america act senator hatch kennedy honor kennedy threw ceremonial pitch park boston_red_sox season opener april echoing grandfather honey member open park illness prevented major factor health plan symbolic presence key senators involved spring kennedy spread treatments clearly going cure disclosed publicly june kennedy cast senate vote months health forced retreat massachusetts undergoing round absence premature release health committee expansive plan resulted poor public reception kennedy friend taken role labor republican senators observers said lack kennedy physical presence resulted consultation making successful negotiation difficult democrats missed kennedy ability smooth divisions health proposals kennedy cut television commercial struggling early election bid july hbo began showing documentary tribute kennedy life words health care reform bill voted committee content kennedy favored faced long difficult process having chance law end july kennedy awarded presidential medal freedom attend ceremony receive medal attended private service public funeral sister kennedy died age mid august end kennedy wheelchair difficulty speaking consistently said wonderful life death months original diagnosis kennedy succumbed disease august age home port survived wife joan wife sister jean children grandchildren laws statement kennedy family thanked gave care support year stood years march progress justice reaction president obama said kennedy death marked passing extraordinary leader lady learn kennedy death vice president said today lost truly remarkable man kennedy changed circumstances tens millions americans massachusetts governor kennedy opponent senate race called kennedy kind man like adversary lady said terribly went given political differences people surprised close kennedy family miss senator west_virginia president pro senate issued statement kennedy death said heart soul loss best friend senate beloved friend broken senate floor cried kennedy cancer diagnosis public previous year death sister jean living kennedy siblings tributes outside politics including moment peace fierce rivalry new_york_yankees boston_red_sox teams observed moment silence flags park flown half staff performed players stood game yankees observed moment silence kennedy game yankee stadium funeral services kennedy body traveled mile journey kennedy compound past numerous landmarks named family john kennedy library boston massachusetts lay members public filed pay respects saturday august procession traveled library lady perpetual help boston funeral mass present funeral service president obama presidents bill_clinton representing father president decided attend vice president vice presidents senators senators members house_of_representatives foreign dignitaries president obama delivered eulogy funeral service drew celebrities outside politics boston washington united_states including singers actors actress presidents boston area colleges universities including harvard_university president president sports figures including legend management kennedy body returned washington burial arlington national cemetery near graves assassinated brothers kennedy grave marker identical brother robert white oak cross white marble foot marker bearing year birth death aftermath true compass memoir kennedy worked illness published weeks death debuted atop new_york_times best seller list mid december total sales copies special election scheduled january seat massachusetts left vacant kennedy death shortly death kennedy written democratic governor massachusetts massachusetts legislature change state law allow fill vacancy term special election kennedy instrumental prior alteration law prevent governor appointing republican senator presidential campaign succeed law amended september chairman aide kennedy appointed occupy senate seat completion special election announced candidate special election election republican state senator won seat stunning upset ending democratic control going brown victory ended vote senate democrats held appeared spell end health care reform legislation democrats rallied passed measure speaker instrumental credited kennedy life work final remarks house floor final vote kennedy widow attended signing affordable care act president obama wore blue congressman brought copy national health insurance bill father introduced gift president laid note father grave said dad unfinished business patrick earlier decision seek election meant january year streak kennedy holding office washington came end resumed november election great nephew house democratic control kennedy senate seat regained following brown loss political positions political scientists gauge ideology comparing annual ratings americans ratings kennedy lifetime liberal percent score awarded kennedy lifetime conservative rating percent metric kennedy lifetime average liberal score percent according analysis places liberal senator office analysis political scientists princeton_university stanford_university examined difficulties making kind analysis found kennedy likely 8th liberal senator congress rates congressional votes liberal conservative political spectrum policy areas economic social foreign kennedy average ratings follows economic rating percent liberal percent conservative social rating percent liberal percent conservative foreign rating percent liberal percent conservative interest groups gave kennedy scores grades votes aligned positions group gave percent lifetime score 1990s 2000s typically gave kennedy ratings percent typically gave rating percent prevent gun violence gave kennedy lifetime rating percent gave kennedy lifetime grade failing cultural political image died kennedy second senior member senate president pro west_virginia longest serving senator time south_carolina passed later following presidential bid kennedy recognizable influential members party called democratic icon lion senate kennedy senate staff authored bills enacted law kennedy sponsored bills law kennedy known effectiveness dealing republican senators democrats president half successful proposals forward senate democratic policy makers came kennedy labor 2000s bill signed administration significant involvement kennedy late 2000s survey republican senators ranked kennedy democrats kennedy strongly believed principle let perfect enemy good agree pass legislation viewed incomplete imperfect goal improving road april kennedy selected time america best senators magazine noted amassed record legislation affecting lives virtually man woman child country late 1990s liberal icon cross aisle dealer republican leaders began party colleagues sponsor bills soon republican presidential nominee john_mccain said kennedy legendary highest respect worked fair generous partner republican governor california kennedy relative described uncle liberal icon warrior fortunate fierce advocate health care reform champion social justice abroad rock family time kennedy death nation board member wrote kennedy come viewed voice conscience american despite legislative practices years kennedy symbol american republican conservative groups long viewed kennedy reliable mention fundraising letters par similar democratic liberal appeals mentioning famous racially motivated hands negative north_carolina senator election campaign accused supporting racial law political science professor study partisan found state state survey job approval ratings state senators kennedy largest partisan difference senator percentage point difference approval massachusetts democrats republicans associated_press wrote impossible kennedy tried shake image liberal left wing caricature detractors prominent living member kennedy family surviving son said went politics joe died happened tomorrow brother bobby run seat senate bobby died able carry way fallen brothers disappearing failed presidential bid loss life kennedy documented later personal problems image relation kennedy significantly damaged chances president associated_press wrote unlike brothers grown old public victories defeats human contradictions played decades public kennedy legislative accomplishments remained boston_globe wrote early 21st century achievements younger brother rival presidents death prompted realization era truly kennedy new_york_times obituary described character sketch figure senate life instantly recognizable shock white hair face boston powerful stride celebrity self parody friend foe man large faith large flaws melancholy character drank deeply sang loudly kennedy awards honors senator kennedy received awards honors years include honorary bestowed queen elizabeth_ii united_kingdom mexico presidential medal freedom order merit chile honorary degrees number institutions including harvard_university electoral history writings kennedy collected essays privately published kennedy decisions decade policies programs 1970s kennedy critical condition crisis america health care simon isbn kennedy day generation words edward kennedy isbn kennedy mark freeze prevent nuclear war isbn kennedy america track viking adult isbn kennedy senator dog eye view washington david isbn kennedy true compass isbn | Ted Kennedy | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3586_MariaUlfahSantoso | maria august april better known married indonesian women rights activist politician indonesian woman receive degree law female indonesian cabinet member daughter politician interested women rights seeing numerous youth despite pressure doctor graduated degree law netherlands involved indonesian nationalist movement returning dutch_east_indies began teaching working marriage reform member indonesian independence later social minister march june term continued work government capacities chosen cabinet post activities paved way female cabinet members including received awards indonesian government activities biography early life activism born dutch east indies august wife youngest children spent childhood father served regent day ill aunt came looking help receiving letter husband aunt returned home died long later described incident inspiring work women rights elementary school father sent modern day live dutch family completed middle schooling observed women issues women devastated husbands took second wives divorced cause despite father wanting doctor insisted going law went netherlands father studies enrolled graduated master laws degree indonesian woman earn law degree studies involved indonesian nationalist movement leaders including returned took teaching job run teacher college refusing position colonial government teaching continued active nationalist movement helping establish news agency february married year led congress dealing marriage reform better protect rights women reforms passed worked promote women literacy groups women came study invited learn read marriage rights child government work japanese occupied indonesia left work teacher found employment legal assistant later country minister justice japanese preparing withdraw indies proclamation independence member indonesian independence march female cabinet member selected services minister second cabinet working quickly efficiently found organising return japanese run camps kept cabinet dissolved june refused term social minister instead chose work head prime minister kept position cabinet operation dutch led offensive city december husband killed outside committee tasked preparing marriage bill keeping spirit modern times 1950s kept busy numerous social works served head indonesia film censorship bureau position held reluctantly served head married time figure january couple separated imprisoned political activities able 1960s continued politically active serving adopted child final years lived obituary tempo magazine reported pension barely day day expenses died april treated month buried legacy wrote selection social minister important reasons firstly selection showed government truly respected women contributions nationalist movement secondly way indonesian people committed needs people having woman deal women issues women held government positions second female indonesian minister served minister labour female president indonesia received awards indonesian government including level medal great work medal memory freedom fighting class star indonesia highest award civilians | Maria Ulfah Santoso | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3595_LeonoreAnnenberg | february march known american government official philanthropist noted serving chief protocol united_states married ambassador united_kingdom newspaper publishing magnate served chairman president born new_york_city raised los_angeles graduated stanford_university marriages ended divorce married noted businessman appointed ambassador united_kingdom president richard_nixon role ambassador wife directed major renovation ambassador official residence contributed ronald_reagan presidential campaign inauguration named chief protocol placing charge advising president vice president secretary state matters relating diplomatic protocol major money education facilities charitable causes arts served committees boards husband death continued donate money succeeded chairman president early life family born jewish family new_york_city february nicknamed lee father operated textile business seven years old mother died younger sister raised upper class neighborhood los_angeles uncle founder younger sister attended wife rose raised girls graduated stanford_university graduating married family owned real estate national parking lot chain daughter marriage ended divorce years married founder liquor daughter named elizabeth marriage ended divorce editor philadelphia_inquirer met party florida married following year ambassador wife husband appointment united_states ambassador united_kingdom ordered renovation thirty room ambassador official london residence total cost project million took months complete london founded organization designed foster goodwill great_britain musical expression chief protocol contributed substantially ronald_reagan presidential campaign reagan election named chief protocol united_states position placed charge advising president vice president secretary state matters dealing diplomatic protocol formally welcoming foreign dignitaries arrival united_states oversaw staff worked details ranging choice state gifts given guest foreign delegation visit said position making guests feel respected welcome attracted controversy tenure visiting prince charles arriving diplomatic visit commentators saying republic gained independence monarchy chief protocol achieved rank ambassador friends hosted annually california estate resigned post january stating wanted spend time husband philanthropy committee work leaving post began work promote enhance cultural appreciation united_states husband continued donate money worthy causes awarded andrew medal philanthropy presented award explained husband donated causes walter believe education foundation democratic society asked work husband responded powerful statement regard work investment future america effective way serve country help ensure benefits generation served charitable organizations committees stemming interest arts trustee member member managing directors honorary trustee board president member member member active trustee emeritus served governing boards husband walter awarded national medal arts elected fellow later life died october aged succeeded husband chairman president organization founded late husband funds nonprofit organizations education programs arts continued donate money worthy causes fields science education art death ranked wealthiest person world forbes magazine richest person united_states according forbes net worth billion dollars traveled washington attend state dinner queen elizabeth_ii hosted president following month accepted prestigious honor given philadelphia region worked better area recently death honorary board member richard nixon foundation honorary fellow death resided california prior death march aged according family spokesperson died natural causes time death declining health announcement death statements issued president lady reagan called dear longtime friend praised work having left print education united_states | Leonore Annenberg | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3647_ZhuDe | chinese pinyin pronounced december july chinese general politician revolutionary pioneers born poor adopted wealthy uncle age prosperity provided superior early education led admission military academy time academy joined rebel army soon period adopted communism ascended ranks closed securing nation time china control high ranking official served commander chief second sino japanese war regarded principal founder remained prominent political figure death chairman head state life early life born december poor tenant farmer family hung town hilly isolated northern province children born family survived family relocated migration origins given biography says people came speaks merely associates says older generations family spoken dialect close probably different modern generation spoke dialect standard chinese distinct regional variant speakers standard chinese spite family poverty resources chosen sent regional private school age adopted prosperous uncle political influence allowed gain access suspension imperial examinations attained rank allowed qualify civil servant enrolled high school graduated subsequently returned primary school gym instructor advocate modern science political teaching strict classical education afforded schools dismissed post entered joined secret political society forerunner nationalism met taught academy graduation july siding revolutionary forces chinese revolution joined brigadier october expeditionary force marched forces served regimental commander campaign governor death june brigade commander following death mentor november wife developed severe habit afflicted underwent treatment shanghai troops continued support consolidated forces troops driven border returned public security commissioner provincial government time second wife child murdered rival believed contributed decision leave china study europe traveled shanghai broke habit according historians met attempted join early rejected converting communism late went berlin resided germany studying point met expelled germany role number student protests time joined sponsors having sponsors condition membership stage actual membership july expelled germany traveled soviet_union study military affairs returning china july unsuccessfully persuade support following collapse united authorities ordered lead force having helped uprising army defected uprising failed gather support forced flee army false managed find shelter remaining forces joining soon named head new united military institute close affiliation began assistance defected protection marched army men formed soviet began building army consolidating expanding soviet areas control leadership figure immense prestige locals credited supernatural abilities time closely connected local peasant farmers known collectively pig forced flee following military pressure formed eventually grow cover square kilometers square miles include million people appointed leader leadership successfully led conventional military force lead able fled helped form break began long march leader long march organized certain battles tandem positive effects real power hands conference supported criticisms conference military affairs july separation divisions occurred forced leader south fourth red army barely survived retreat arriving directed reconstruction political guidance second sino japanese war chinese civil war held position commander chief alongside devised organized regiments offensive initially supported offensive successful campaign later attributed main devastating japanese policy later criticize conference later life named commander chief way regards principal founder served vice chairman communist_party vice chairman oversaw korean war authority commander chief conferred rank marshal conference tried protect giving mild criticisms denouncing merely gently targeted target wasn satisfied behavior conference dismissed vice loyalty fallen april summit cultural revolution dismissed position activity halted support harmed imprisoned august issued command dispatched important martial figures distant areas tension china soviet_union driven reinstated continued prominent elder statesman death july passing came months death months death cremated days later received funeral days strike hard anti crime campaign sentenced death rape conviction personal life married times according unfinished biography written wives educated women introduced brothers fellow officers married died fever bearing son married killed child son wife vanished presumed killed viewed separated leaving felt free marry formal divorce married peasant leader educated family captured killed peasant leader educated joined famous right | Zhu De | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3671_JohnEndecott | march spelled english colonial magistrate soldier governor years colony held form civil judicial military high office served total years governor including years life period service longest colonial governor held important posts representing colony leading force expanding settlement salem massachusetts parts somewhat attitudes odds views dominant colony early leaders apparent gave shelter vocally argued women dress men hair short issued judicial decisions individuals held religious views accord english flag saw symbol death returning colony expedition led considered opening offensive war practically destroyed tribe entity properties fruit trees pear tree planted lives massachusetts engaged earliest attempts develop mining industry colonies copper ore found land found rock carved sent identify massachusetts colony northern border places institutions named like early colonists notable descendants life known origins best biographers 19th century believed town significant later association people place early 20th century historian proposed born circa near devon 16th century prominent family owned mines town family explain governor interest developing copper mining based evidence house period named honour recent research identified problems claims dispute according research born near firm evidence evidence identifies parents conclude based available evidence probably born later active devon early 17th century firm evidence connecting little known life association efforts known sir come know connection highly spoke french early colonial documents refer captain indicating military experience records suggest medical training settlement new world march seven signatories land grant given massachusetts earl behalf council time umbrella organisation overseeing english efforts north_america degrees latitude chosen lead expedition sailed new world aboard servants june settlement organized called local indian tribe eventually renamed salem area occupied settlers failed participated group earlier settlers led migrated settlement near present day gloucester massachusetts abandoned formally named governor new colony issued royal charter time appointed governor company council london named company governor london responsibility establish colony prepare arrival additional settlers winters difficult compared england called plymouth colony medical assistance wife ill voyage died winter difficulties encountered included early signs religious friction colony settlers dividing poor relations failed practices including pole dancing conservative practiced settlers plymouth colonies early term governor visited abandoned site colony taken group early settlers wanted establish church independent established colonial leadership leaders sent england early tenure governor came end arrival colonial charter company reorganised relocating seat colony sole governor seeing conditions salem decided relocate colony seat mouth founded city boston chosen governor assistants precursor later notion chose remain salem leading citizens rest life serving roles town militia leader addition statewide roles militia leader magistrate deputy governor governor established plantation called orchard known cultivated fruit trees particular pear tree brought early settlement convoys lives bears fruit known pear tree early religious conflict primary source political disagreement colony embodied churches established boston salem salem church adhered teachings sought complete break church_of_england teachings held colonial leadership boston sought reform anglican church arrival boston heightened conflict authorities banished went salem intervention offered position teacher local church word reached boston criticised supporting williams banished colony williams went plymouth returned salem years later church unofficial pastor following death boston authorities called arrest viewed statements fled eventually establishing providence rhode_island time argued women church local militia flag bore williams claimed symbol action celebrated story red_cross writer presents tension symbol religious emblem heroic resistance foreign domination new_england time examining affairs massachusetts colonial administration concerned strong response needed prevent loss colonial charter action act deprived holding offices year year held office committee managing colonial militia voted year stop english flag standard following incident refusal colonial assembly grant salem additional land neck williams presence salem salem church circulated letter churches colony calling legislative act sin authorship letter uncertain defended letter summoned boston consequently jailed day came acknowledged fault discharged war boat massachusetts trader seen anchored indians indians fled approach investigating colonists body found main deck attackers time believed tribes affiliated leaders claimed responsible fled protection time aggressively dealings surrounding native tribes including generally kept peace english colonists present day southern new_england accusation angered massachusetts authorities governor henry upset earlier failed turn men implicated killing trader second perceived produced calls massachusetts action august governor placed head man force extract justice instructions kill indian men captive women children mainland demands killers trader surrendered second payment thousand children delivered serve hostages executed instructions zeal indians briefly opposed english landing spent days destroying villages crops indians island successfully english searches english reports claimed indians killed reported dead sailed english settlement mouth leader angrily informed learned mission goals come raise ears wing flee away discussion delays bad weather company men agreed accompany massachusetts force raid harvest stores arrived village near mouth returned friendly inhabitants silence eventually rowed meet english delivered demands threatening war receive satisfaction left discuss matter village gave promise await return shortly left began landing fully armed men shore rushed claiming senior tribal leaders away long_island responded lie ordered attack village villagers got away expedition activity reduced destroying village seizing crop stores reported killed man completing work massachusetts men boarded boats return boston leaving men finish removal crops launched attack party armor protected escape difficult describes actions heavy handed indian war surrounding colonies protested action complaining lives citizens placed jeopardy raid previously relatively peaceful english raid effect predicted feared communities connecticut river attacked april virtually besieged forces role war ended destruction tribe land divided colonies indian allies treaty surviving distributed neighbors later terms governor elected deputy governor role signatories number individual rights available colonists united states bill rights years quiet rumors war indians led formation designed facilitate united action new_england colonies common external threats internal matters like dealing escaped slaves justice governor embroiled controversy taking sides power struggle going neighbouring french pointed let french fight english involvement weaken governor election referendum policy elected governor deputy year term oversaw division colony counties suffolk essex middlesex norfolk ascent salem based prompted attempt salem residents colonial capital relocated attempt rejected governor council assistants fallout english civil war begun boston tenure ships royalist captain captain arrived boston sought seize royalist ship councils essentially adopted support position right declare independence parliament spirit permitted seize royalist vessel colony began seizing royalist vessels came port elected governor deputy given command colonial militia reporting governor governor assistant chosen represent colony confederation threat indian conflicts neighbouring colonies prompted colony raise defensive profile played leading role reelected governor death succeeded governor annual elections served nearly continuously death periods deputy governor granted acres land north salem tract formally laid early granted additional acres land tend copper works adjacent land hired early pioneering work iron works nearby efforts develop site copper processing failed persistent shortage colonies prompted massachusetts establish mint begin production coins silver reserves act solved practical problem colony authority crown issue governor eventually source controversy crown mint apparently ceased operations colony boundaries expanded somewhat tenure mainly addition formally claiming present day connecticut war sought establish colony northern boundary sent commission locate northerly point colonial grant defined northern border miles north river led indian guides outlet lake claimed guides source location party inscription rock survives located small new_hampshire state park survey line extended eastward boundary determined fall coast bay colony claimed southern maine new_hampshire religious written statement early tenure showed dislike fashionable trend long hair wearing long manner indians begun invade new england contrary rule gods word signed paper declare manifest dislike wearing long presided legal case people accused practice banned colony sentencing pay fine according clarke account exchange told clarke deserved death said trash brought jurisdiction clarke refused pay fine paid friends wishes returned rhode_island men convicted bond returned rhode_island clarke consolidated control england early began crackdown religious communities religious views notably included groups began migration north american colonies escape persecution arrived boston promptly deported deputy salem arrived resident boston imprisoned pending trial met times receiving outrageous letter meetings apparently fruitless deported following acts members adopted measures prompt removal jurisdictions measures adopted insufficient prevent influx perceived measures enacted repeat offenders punished having ears cut offense tongue bored hot iron punishment offense raised death publicly renounce said cursed opinions october death penalty enacted second offense massachusetts year later arrested sentenced death law hanged received minute returned colony questioning refused beliefs agree permanent colony hanged june robinson hanged known boston severity acts recognized colonists problematic laws changed execution penalty fifth offense poor treatment religious cited reasons colonial charter role treatment poem ballad named suffered persecution husband lawrence children daughter provided sons daniel governor characterized dark exhibiting bitter hate recreated trial john dramatic poems collection called sentenced death returning massachusetts having banished executed law changed shortly sentencing author described gentle boy title character year old son william man narrow mind imperfect education hot violent hasty exerted influence compass death enthusiasts contact respect marked brutal cruelty colonists new_england supportive reign england receptive suggestions response proposal migrate ireland increase protestant population massachusetts assembly drafted response signed indicating people happy english restoration july word arrived boston charles_ii restored english throne immediate cause concern colonies supported charters revoked boston created difficult problem commissioners voted execute charles promised declaration pardoned act parliament act singled punishment moved freely boston area time refused order arrest word arrived passage act issued warrant arrest march unknown advance warning warrant fled apparently area warrant followed order issued march received containing direct order ship england appointed recently arrived track somewhat search came escaped biographer suggests appointed different men search catching opponents rule massachusetts vocal airing complaints new king complaints fact charles ascension power formally announced took place received order king prompted assembly draft letters addressed king rise power mint claimed bald faced attempt good english currency colonists complained expansion colony borders little land grab forward claims administrative respect funds provided crown long list grievances believing best ignore accusations members old guard opposed sending representatives london argue charges supporters idea raised funds private subscription sent commission london colonial mission led future governor pastor successful announced renew colonial charter provided colony allowed church_of_england practice administration dragged feet implementation months king sent commission headed colony vocal critics investigate advance warning commission investigate took steps address form substance expected actions charles insisted religious freed long arrival commissioners arrival assembly took matter allowing church_of_england activity colony passed law deliberately king language allowing orthodox religion practice colony defined consisting views acceptable local ministers effectively law probably ministers colony agree satisfied idea years massachusetts assembly passed law requiring governor live closer boston probably response sixth consecutive election governor consequently obliged acquire residence boston returned salem frequently boston home rest life died boston march early accounts claim buried boston later evidence identified burial site tomb burying ground family came colonies married wife cousin governor death new_england married woman gibson married elizabeth daughter uncertain represent different wives single wife elizabeth gibson uncertainty concerning wives known mother sons firm evidence married elizabeth records survive sons born identify wife wife elizabeth sister law colonial magistrate known children seemingly disappointment followed public service evidence fathered child early years england arranged funds instructions care minor named despite high position particularly affluent according large tracts land including orchard estate salem quarter distributed wife sons noted books sold pay debts unexpected legacy left uncertain boundaries orchard estate generations later descendants involved litigation concerning disputed occupancy estate descendants include massachusetts governor united_states secretary war william descendants donated family records dating far colonial era massachusetts marked issuance medal bearing likeness designed massachusetts salem named brig governor salem master engaged pepper trade coast sumatra occasion help free friendship salem master pirates officers gone ashore negotiate pepper town pirates took ship murdered crew looted cargo captain obtained aid governor ship new_york master rescue ship captors return salem arrived july descendants educator | John Endecott | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3699_RogersMorton | rogers september april american politician served secretary interior secretary commerce presidents respectively served member maryland born louisville kentucky moved farm maryland early 1950s elected house_of_representatives capacity established environmental record joke middle initials stood bay played major role richard_nixon campaign president chosen nixon serve chairman elections considered strong candidate challenge seat maryland chose instead remain chairman president nixon tapped serve secretary interior time oversaw construction oil crisis person east_coast serve head 20th century following nixon resignation scandal continued post administration nominated serve secretary commerce april august served ford campaign manager bid election retired politics following ford election defeat years later died cancer home maryland early life career born louisville son physician wife flour business related military officer served american revolutionary war children brother career politics serving chairman representing kentucky united_states house_of_representatives united states senate received early education near orange virginia graduated yale_university brother delta fraternity chapter like father worked physician entered dropped year married children commissioned united_states_navy served short time problems entered family flour business outset world war enlisted armored field artillery united_states_army private served received commission war left army captain war returned family business served president business merged went serve director member executive committee years congressional career spent great deal time helping brother ultimately successful campaign election house_of_representatives kentucky initial exposure politics moved early 1950s set acres km2 cattle farm decided challenge democratic incumbent maryland 1st congressional district johnson political scandal lost general election lauded making johnson legal troubles primary campaign issue elected congress times served congress worked enact legislation preserve chesapeake_bay including laws reducing pollution bay working creation national park providing funds model bay functions estuary concerning civil rights voted civil rights act act republican national convention served floor manager eventual presidential nominee richard_nixon delivered speech governor maryland vice presidential candidate role nixon election campaign environmental advocacy expected appointed secretary interior passed position favor considered nixon vice presidential running mate lost january recognize efforts nixon appointed chairman united_states senate election leading elections considered strongest potential candidates challenge incumbent democratic senator sought republican nomination maryland seat elections favor prevent primary battle speculation seek election seat increased editorial encouraged challenge sources administration vice president governor maryland commenting strong candidate likely run stated making important announcement president nixon december certain time declare candidacy republicans country concerned appointed chairman january resign election season better handle battle president nixon shared concerns encouraged remain chairman december nixon announced priorities national committee seek seat threw support nomination freshman member decision challenge initially worried maryland republicans saw best candidates national republican begun write seat election wealth popularity dense urban areas baltimore despite initial state republicans defeated november margin votes secretary interior continued serve house chairman nominated secretary interior president nixon unanimously confirmed united states senate interior concerns record environmental protection raised president predecessor chosen fill job fired nixon late criticizing white_house policy person east coast serve interior secretary 20th century assuming office secretary interior promised seek environment tenure progressed gradually isolated proceedings white_house lost major divisions departments oil crisis example oil natural gas divisions department transferred furthermore announced construction speculation forward play major role determining route august approved state park inclusion national registry natural landmarks leaving post criticism directed overseeing partial criticized lacking necessary serve head cabinet department failing proposed creation new stronger cabinet department replaced interior later years following resignation president nixon scandal continued position secretary interior administration president march serving head nominated ford serve secretary commerce ford cited extensive business experience primary factor selecting expressed hope able encourage american business expand energy development conservation efforts january ford announced resigning commerce secretary serve special president cabinet rank new position advise president domestic economic policy addition serve special liaison political committee elect president ford duties blurred line public political duties caused controversy concerning divide time white_house ford election campaign salary supplied versus ford election committee stated separate government politics presidential aides allowed offer political advice april named campaign manager president ford leading presidential election replaced representative georgia forced resign following allegations improper use authority secretary army directed ford campaign august reassigned chairman steering committee replaced houston texas request said longer wished bear responsibility nixon aide south_carolina claimed ford relieved campaign manager remark need write cotton south general election strategy democratic nominee governor georgia president ford campaign retired politics farm isle near maryland operated boat construction business diagnosed cancer said disease early phase died cancer home interred maryland | Rogers Morton | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3938_ReubenP.Boise | june april american attorney judge politician early years state oregon native massachusetts immigrated oregon twice serve total years chief justice early legal career worked district attorney member served helped laws served circuit court judge trustee colleges educated twice married women massachusetts total children early life born massachusetts june attended massachusetts graduating honors bachelor_of_arts degree graduation moved missouri taught school years returning massachusetts returned studied law uncle years passing bar practiced law years massachusetts oregon decided traveled ship panama crossed panama pacific_ocean took ship arriving oregon mouth later year spring moved portland set law practice portland served school board married boston san_francisco california engaged massachusetts family sailing attend wedding ellen sons ellen died appointed justice district attorney purchased land oregon renamed community wife family moved salem oregon married miss hailed massachusetts couple daughters political career selected attorney districts covered valley selected following year served total years capacity represented counties territorial legislature democratic_party politician lower chamber house_of_representatives following year selected help oregon laws democratic delegate serving constitutional convention served appointed president replace beginning service elected oregon state february justice served winning election winning election resigned election results contested elected commission overseeing construction oregon state capitol returned winning election years later divided court supreme_court reduced number justices supreme_court new court prior judges lost seats positions filled appointment governor appointed governor new court term ending time court served chief justice times leaving state highest court elected state circuit court judge oregon judicial district covering counties served court entered private legal practice years private practice salem returned circuit court retired court july later life legacy later years served board trustees salem pacific gave honorary doctor laws degree additionally trustee preparatory school dallas regent spent terms master state association owned public speaker gave speeches dedication monument missionary died april age salem buried salem attorney general gave eulogy funeral prominent politicians officials attendance honor judge state courts day time death owned acres km2 farmland spread farms counties road named honor building salem listed national_register_of_historic_places works years bench bar speech weekly oregon statesman salem | Reuben P. Boise | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
3999_AnnDunham | november november mother barack_obama 44th president united_states american specialized economic rural development known high school ann second divorce finally born kansas spent childhood california oklahoma texas kansas teenage years washington adult life hawaii indonesia studied east west center honolulu attained bachelor master phd attended seattle interested weaving role women cottage industries research focused women work island java indonesia address problem poverty rural villages created programs working consultant employed consulted pakistan life worked helped apply research largest program world son elected president interest renewed work held research exhibition indonesian textile collection toured united_states december indonesia book based original author new_york_times reporter published biography life titled posthumous interest led creation ann ann intended fund students associated east west center honolulu hawaii interview barack_obama referred mother dominant figure formative years values taught continue comes world politics early life born november saint francis hospital kansas child predominantly english ancestry german swiss scottish irish welsh ancestry sixth cousin times removed announced july combination old documents analysis mother descended african servant slave seventeenth century colonial virginia parents born kansas met married attack pearl harbor father joined united_states_army mother worked boeing plant according named father wanted son relatives doubt story maternal uncle recalled mother named favorite actress character film life thought stanley girl sounded sophisticated child teenager known stanley children teased high school time introduced new town time began attending college known middle ann instead world war family moved california father attended moved oklahoma texas kansas family moved seattle washington father employed furniture salesman mother worked vice president bank lived apartment complex neighborhood attended family moved suburb seattle parents wanted year old daughter attend newly opened school teachers taught importance challenging social norms questioning authority young took lessons heart felt didn need date marry children classmate remembered way mature little bit ahead time center way high school friend described progressive concerned going wrong world stanley know liberals knew liberals called original feminist family life marriages august hawaii 50th state admitted union parents sought business opportunities new state graduating high school family moved honolulu soon enrolled marriage attending russian language class met barack_obama school african student age come hawaii pursue education leaving pregnant wife infant son home town kenya married hawaiian island february despite parental opposition families months pregnant eventually informed marriage kenya claimed divorced years later discover false wife later said granted consent marry second wife keeping customs august age gave birth child friends state washington recall visiting month old baby took classes september june lived single mother neighborhood seattle son husband continued studies hawaii graduated june offered scholarship study new_york_city declined preferring attend prestigious harvard_university left cambridge massachusetts begin graduate study harvard fall returned honolulu resumed undergraduate education spring semester january time parents helped raise young obama filed divorce january contest december married jewish american lithuanian heritage separated divorced having sons received economics harvard came hawaii month visited son years old time son major personal interaction killed car accident second marriage east west center met surveyor come honolulu september east grant study geography graduated geography june married hawaii returned indonesia graduated august moved october year year old son indonesia rejoin husband indonesia worked low paid surveyor indonesian government later government relations office family lived street newly built neighborhood administrative village half years son attending nearby indonesian language santo catholic school 1st 2nd 3rd grade moved miles north neighborhood administrative village son attending indonesian language government run half miles east exclusive administrative village 3rd grade 4th grade august daughter maya indonesia enriched son education correspondence courses english recordings speeches sent young obama hawaii attend starting 5th grade having stay indonesia job worked way decade clerk female vice presidents helped pay steep tuition assistance scholarship year later august daughter moved hawaii rejoin son begin graduate study graduate work supported grant august july east west center technology grant august december completed december having spent years hawaii accompanied daughter maya returned indonesia field work son chose indonesia preferring finish high school honolulu living grandparents divorced november married children son born daughter born died age march liver failure estranged husband encouraged children feel connected fathers professional life january december taught english assistant director indonesia indonesia america friendship institute administrative village government january august taught english department head director dan administrative village founder active member crafts instructor weaving honolulu career rural development women work world poor worked leaders organizations supporting indonesian human rights women rights grass roots development march supervision agricultural economics professor developed taught short lecture course staff members june september carried research village industries special region indonesia student grant east west center interested village industries moved center june short term consultant office writing recommendations village industries non agricultural enterprises indonesian government year development plan iii october december rural industries consultant funded implemented inc january november program officer women employment southeast_asia regional office developed model standard indonesia country world leader micro credit systems father later secretary treasury son administration head foundation asia grant making time november august november cottage industries development consultant pakistan credit component project implemented district province pakistan funding credit component implemented inc worked closely office january consultant research coordinator indonesia oldest bank work funded march research policy coordinator women world banking new_york helped manage new_york january helped prominent roles fourth world conference women held september beijing regional conferences forums preceded august awarded phd supervision page titled peasant indonesia surviving thriving odds described classic depth ground study year old industry according dove challenged popular perceptions economically politically groups countered notions roots poverty lie poor cultural differences responsible gap developed countries west according dove found villagers studied economic needs beliefs aspirations capitalist village interested profits wrote plentiful supply rural indonesia having traditional culture millennium based observations concluded communities resulted capital allocation matter politics culture programs ignored reality potential inequality reinforce power wrote government programs inadvertently foster resources village officials money strengthen status illness death late living working indonesia night dinner friend house experienced stomach pain visit local physician led initial diagnosis returned united_states early examined memorial cancer center new_york_city diagnosed cancer time cancer spread moved hawaii live near widowed mother died november days short 53rd birthday following memorial service sister spread mother ashes pacific_ocean south obama scattered ashes grandmother spot december weeks election presidency obama talked death second campaign advertisement mother arguing health care reform featured photograph holding young obama arms obama talks days worrying expensive medical bills topic came speech remember mother years old died cancer know thinking months life wasn thinking getting wasn thinking coming terms mortality diagnosed transitioning jobs wasn sure insurance going cover medical expenses consider condition remember seeing struggle medical bills insurance forms seen like somebody love suffering broken health care system wrong people employer provided health insurance covered costs medical treatment leaving pay uncovered expenses came dollars month employer provided disability insurance denied claims uncovered expenses insurance company said cancer condition posthumous interest september held december published version titled surviving odds village industry indonesia book revised edited graduate advisor daughter maya wrote foreword book describes research legacy relevant today indonesian studies engaged scholarship book launched annual meeting philadelphia special presidential panel work meeting taped exhibition textile collection lady found culture cloth indonesian toured museums united_states finishing tour august early life explored interest textile arts creating wall enjoyment moving indonesia attracted striking textile art began collect variety different december awarded highest civilian award indonesia lengthy major biography new_york_times reporter titled published established ann supports faculty position housed ann providing funding students associated east west center honolulu hawaii stanley ann scholarship established young women graduating ann alma mater years scholarship fund awarded college scholarships january president obama family visited exhibition mother work display filmmaker feature length biographical film entitled obama mama obama french title premiered 40th annual seattle international film festival far grew personal beliefs memoir dreams father barack_obama wrote mother confidence virtues depended faith didn possess land indonesia remained necessary tool enduring lonely witness secular soldier new deal position paper book hope obama wrote raised religious household mother experiences reinforced inherited skepticism memories christians populated youth fond ones professed mother ways awakened person known religion ways necessarily best way man attempted control understand deeper truths lives obama wrote daughter maya asked later mother said wouldn called basically gave good books bible buddhist scripture wanted recognize beautiful contribute jesus felt wonderful example felt lot christians behaved christian ways hand best friend high school said touted read argue challenging arguing comparing thinking things rest hadn speech obama contrasted beliefs mother parents commented spirituality skepticism mother parents spiritual souls knew healthy skepticism religion institution obama described beliefs relation religious upbringing mother father father kenya lot people village muslim didn practice islam truth wasn religious met mother mother christian kansas married divorced raised mother christian connection islam grandfather father came country practiced islam publications ann civil rights working indonesian women effects women workers indonesia women work village industries java ann women economic activities fishing communities background proposal development impact survey ann peasant indonesia surviving odds thesis honolulu indonesia iron warrior warrior studies traditional indonesia indonesian indonesia isbn ann cooper nancy surviving odds village industry indonesia foreword maya durham isbn legacy collection indonesian malaysia malaysia ancestry | Ann Dunham | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4012_JohnLymburn | september november canadian politician served attorney general alberta born educated scotland came canada practiced law premier alberta sought lawyer partisan affiliation succeed attorney general accepted position elected election attorney general took negotiations alberta federal governments natural resource rights prepared alberta submission persons case played minor role sex scandal forced office provincial election alberta candidates defeated led victory briefly returned prominence incident strong unsuccessful attempt return legislature dying early life born scotland william margaret attended studying law graduating douglas qualified solicitor emigrated canada settling joined short cross years later founded later renamed interim married fellow clark july couple daughters attorney general attorney general succeeded leader alberta provincial caucus premier alberta lawyer caucus dominated farmers appointing attorney general replace looked outside caucus appointed lack affiliation provincial political party convention cabinet ministers including attorneys general expected sit alberta accordingly ran provincial election candidate finished eighteen candidates members attorney general involved government important initiatives major figure securing transfer resource rights federal government alberta government great depression proved fertile breeding ground labour request prepared list communist leaders government action non residents ordered alberta provincial government support persons case responsible submission involved scandal head allegations eliminated bureau save money charges little effect legal system public eye sex scandal sued family friend focus controversy department hired private investigator look claims liberal lawyer offered young woman money position divorce taking stand trial stated investigation initiated aid premier defense alleged criminal offense noted insisted government cost investigator scandal forced resignation premier stayed attorney general short lived government popularity government great depression inability radical action ensure employment reasonable standard living alberta residents radical economic theories notably version social credit espoused calgary gained support public government position proposals legal authority provincial government involved banking constitution canada makes responsibility federal government attorney general played major role defending position government brought leader united_kingdom advisor provided copy speeches asked critique douglas concluded proposals align social credit desired effect later life provincial election wiped legislature historian noted ironic demise politically successful farmers group history candidate came closest election lawyer defeat remained active community life elder chairman chairman unmarried mothers president long standing member country club work fellow native poetry spoke burns briefly entered public eye named produced pamphlet whip convicted criminal libel relation pamphlet contested election initial vote count finished candidates subsequent distribution votes system use came second final vote count emerging victorious died died years later november electoral record | John Lymburn | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4179_JohnHancock | january january october american merchant statesman prominent patriot american revolution served president governor remembered large stylish signature united_states declaration independence term united_states synonym signature american revolution wealthiest men thirteen colonies having inherited profitable business uncle prominent began political career boston protégé influential local politician men later estranged tensions colonists great_britain increased wealth support colonial cause popular massachusetts especially british officials seized sloop liberty charged smuggling charges eventually dropped professor author explains appropriate declaration independence boston known merchant boston leaders crisis led outbreak american revolutionary war served years philadelphia president congress sign declaration independence returned massachusetts elected governor commonwealth serving role remaining years influence ensure massachusetts ratified united_states_constitution early life according calendar born january according julian calendar use date january born massachusetts town eventually separate city son reverend widow nearby child casual acquaintance young reverend baptized lived comfortable life owned slave help household work father died john sent live uncle aunt proprietor firm known imported manufactured goods britain exported whale oil fish highly successful business boston richest best known residents servants slaves lived couple children dominant influence john life graduating enrolled received bachelor degree graduation began work uncle french indian war begun close relations royal governors massachusetts secured profitable government contracts war learned uncle business years trained eventual partnership firm worked hard enjoyed playing role wealthy developed fondness expensive clothes lived england building relationships customers suppliers returning boston gradually took uncle health failed partner january member october connected boston influential citizens died august john inherited business household slaves thousands acres land wealthiest men colonies household slaves continued work john aunt eventually freed terms evidence bought sold slaves growing imperial tensions victory seven years war british_empire deep debt looking new sources revenue sought time directly tax colonies beginning sugar act earlier tax shipments west_indies produced hardly revenue widely bypassed smuggling seen crime little social stigma attached smuggling colonies port cities trade primary generator wealth smuggling enjoyed considerable community support possible obtain insurance caught colonial merchants developed impressive repertoire maneuvers conceal origin routes content illicit included frequent use fraudulent cargo appear legal authorised frustration british authorities happen local merchants able use sympathetic provincial courts reclaim confiscated goods cases dismissed instance appointed head customs new_england brought trial end acquitted alternatively merchants took matters hands stole illicit goods sugar act provoked outrage boston widely viewed violation colonial rights men argued colonists represented parliament body colonial assemblies colonists represented levy taxes colonies political activist criticized tax economic constitutional reasons emerged leading political figure boston tensions great_britain increasing march elected boston office previously held uncle years soon parliament passed stamp act tax legal documents levied britain years wildly unpopular colonies producing riots organized resistance initially took moderate position loyal british subject thought colonists submit act believed parliament months changed mind continued violence intimidation royal officials joined resistance stamp act participating boycott british goods popular boston learned impending repeal stamp act elected political success benefited support clerk house_of_representatives leader boston popular party known later patriots men unlikely pair years older adams somber outlook stood marked contrast taste luxury stories later portrayed adams political rise merchant wealth whig agenda historian portrayed shallow vain easily manipulated adams wrote biographies men argued characterization relationship adams mentor protégé acts crisis repeal stamp act parliament took different approach raising revenue passing acts established new duties imports strengthened customs agency creating british government believed efficient customs system necessary colonial american merchants smuggling violated trading ports outside british_empire avoiding import taxes parliament hoped new system reduce smuggling generate revenue government colonial merchants involved smuggling found new regulations oppressive colonists protested new duties attempt parliament tax colonies consent joined calling boycott british imports duties repealed enforcement customs regulations targeted boston wealthiest whig suspected wanted harass politics especially governor refusing attend public functions customs officials present april customs employees called boarded brig summoned finding agents lacked writ assistance general search warrant allow deck later managed hold men forced deck customs officials wanted file charges case dropped massachusetts attorney general ruled broken laws later ardent incident act physical resistance british authority colonies credit initiating american revolution liberty affair incident proved major event coming american revolution evening sloop liberty arrived carrying shipment wine custom officers inspected ship morning found contained pipes wine fourth ship carrying capacity paid duties pipes wine officials suspected arranged wine night avoid paying duties entire cargo earlier heard authority customs officials stayed ship overnight gave sworn statement month later british warship hms port changed story saying forcibly held liberty orders illegally released subjected threats vengeance death destruction case affair following day liberty boarded seized officials found barrels tar barrels oil board bond posted permit load obtained june customs officials seized liberty angry captain colonists royal_navy arguably illegal activity riot broke officials began tow liberty confrontation escalated sailors marines coming ashore seize liberty mistaken press gang riot customs officials relocated island fort harbor claiming unsafe town insisted customs officials danger london send troops boston british officials filed lawsuits stemming liberty incident suit ship suit previously heard dismissing authority officials suit filed june resulted liberty august customs officials ship anti smuggling operations burned angry colonists rhode_island following year second trial began october charges filed allegedly unloading pipes wine liberty paying duties convicted defendants pay penalty triple value wine came serving lawyer prosecuted highly publicized trial vice admiralty court jury allow defense cross examine witnesses dragging nearly months proceedings dropped explanation charges dropped writers later described accuracy characterization questioned guilt innocence exact charges wrote historian fiercely debated argued victim essentially criminal scheme governor bernard customs officials believed reliable evidence guilty liberty case purpose trials punish political reasons property opposed interpretation editors legal papers argued innocence open question british officials acted legally lawyer historian concluded customs officials right seize ship illegal legal historian argued testimony sides politically partial possible reconstruct incident aside liberty affair degree engaged smuggling widespread colonies questioned given clandestine nature smuggling records scarce documentation found identified study merchants revolutionary boston found written evidence biographer concluded probably engaged smuggling business legitimate later reputation king colonial myth foundation massacre tea party liberty affair reinforced previously british decision suppress unrest boston military decision prompted circular letter sent british american colonies hopes coordinating resistance lord secretary state colonies sent regiments british_army boston support royal officials instructed governor bernard order massachusetts legislature circular letter voted letter instead drew petition demanding governor bernard recall bernard returned england celebrated british troops remained tensions soldiers civilians eventually resulted killing civilians march involved incident led committee demand removal troops meeting bernard successor governor british officer command colonel claimed armed colonists ready march boston troops leave knew soldiers position garrisoned town agreed remove regiments celebrated hero role getting troops withdrawn reelection nearly unanimous parliament partially repealed duties boston boycott british goods ended politics massachusetts tensions remained tried improve relationship governor turn sought away adams influence april approved election colonel militia unit primary function provide ceremonial escort governor approved election council upper chamber members elected house subject veto governor previous elections council vetoed allowed election stand declined office wanting appear opted governor improved relationship resolve ongoing dispute avoid hostile crowds boston legislature outside town agreed allow sit boston relief legislators hope win discredit adams adams odds adams formed november advocate colonial rights declined join creating impression split whig ranks differences adams came renewal major political turmoil revelation private letters governor recommend called english liberties bring order colony blaming military occupation boston called removal governor trouble followed parliament passage tea act november elected boston town meeting resolved supported tea act enemy america tried force resignation agents appointed receive tea shipments unsuccessful attempted prevent tea tea ships arrived meeting december reportedly told crowd let man right eyes night approved action careful publicly praise destruction private property months disabled trouble increasing frequency coming years march recovered deliver fourth annual massacre day commemoration speech denounced presence british troops boston said sent enforce obedience acts parliament god man empowered speech probably written collaboration adams published widely reprinted enhancing stature leading patriot revolution begins parliament responded called acts intended strengthen british control colonies replaced governor general arrived june elected delegates send philadelphia organized coordinate colonial response serve congress possibly health reasons possibly remain charge patriot leaders away soon dismissed post colonel october canceled scheduled meeting response house resolved body independent british control elected president key member created companies consisting ready action moment notice december elected delegate replace unable attend congress illness reported philadelphia unanimously reelected president february multiple roles gave enormous influence massachusetts early january british officials considered arresting attending concord april decided safe return boston leaving philadelphia stayed instead childhood home lexington received letter lord april advising arrest principal actors proceedings appear light acts treason rebellion night april sent detachment soldiers mission spark american revolutionary war purpose british expedition seize destroy military supplies colonists stored concord according historical accounts instructed men arrest adams written orders issued mention arresting patriot leaders apparently decided gain arresting adams leaders simply place british portrayed evidently decided seizing adams patriots initially believed boston dispatched messenger warn adams british troops attempt arrest reached lexington midnight gave warning considering militia colonel wanted field patriot militia lexington adams convinced avoid battle arguing valuable political leader soldier adams escape shots war fired lexington concord soon battle issued proclamation granting general pardon lay arms return duties subjects exceptions adams manner added renown patriots president congress war underway way philadelphia massachusetts delegates unanimously elected president succeeding declined nomination good choice president reasons experienced having presided legislative bodies town meetings massachusetts wealth social standing inspired confidence moderate delegates association boston acceptable position somewhat ambiguous role president fully defined clear resigned leave absence like presidents congress authority limited presiding officer handle great deal official correspondence found necessary hire expense help congress june massachusetts delegate nominated george_washington commander chief army gathered boston years later adams wrote shown great disappointment getting command brief comment source cited claim sought commander chief early 20th century historian wrote incident initiated lifelong washington subsequent historians expressed doubt incident occurred according historian contemporary evidence ambitions named commander chief contrary washington maintained good relationship alleged incident named son admired supported general washington washington declined request military appointment congress august took opportunity fiancée couple married august connecticut john children survived adulthood daughter born died months later son john born died suffering head injury ice skating president involved long running controversy harvard treasurer college entrusted school financial records cash rush events onset revolutionary war unable return money accounts harvard leaving congress harvard committee headed chief political social rival boston sent messenger philadelphia retrieve money records offended turned records college harvard replaced treasurer ego bruised years declined settle account pay interest money held despite pressure political opponents issue dragged death estate finally paid college resolve matter served congress days revolutionary war british drove washington new_york new_jersey prompted congress flee baltimore maryland congress returned philadelphia march compelled flee months later british occupied philadelphia wrote letters colonial officials raising money supplies troops washington army chaired took pride helping create small fleet american frigates including uss named honor signing declaration president congress declaration independence adopted signed primarily remembered americans large flamboyant signature declaration united_states informal synonym signature according legend signed largely clearly king george read story originated years later contrary popular mythology ceremonial signing declaration july congress approved wording text july fair copy sent printed president signed document sent printer uncertain document lost destroyed printing process produced published version declaration widely distributed broadside president congress delegate appeared broadside secretary delegate attested implying signed fair copy meant second broadside issued months later listed delegate publicly attached document sent copy broadside george_washington instructing read troops way shall think proper printed signed broadside iconic signature appears different document sheet carefully july signed august delegates present known copy famous document display washington return massachusetts october years congress president requested leave absence asked george_washington arrange military escort return boston washington short manpower sent horsemen accompany journey home time estranged disapproved viewed adams believed inappropriate republican leader congress voted thank service adams massachusetts delegates voted resolution delegates states boston reelected house_of_representatives previous years philanthropy popular finances suffered greatly war gave poor helped support loaned money friends according biographer generous man people loved idol december reelected delegate boston town meeting rejoined pennsylvania june brief time unhappy absence congress elected new president disappointment hoped reclaim chair got poorly missed wife newborn son july massachusetts delegates joined representatives seven states signing remaining states prepared sign articles ratified returned boston july motivated opportunity finally lead men combat appointed senior major general massachusetts militia french fleet come aid americans general washington instructed general continental_army lead attack british garrison newport rhode_island august nominally commanded campaign let professional soldiers planning issue orders french admiral abandoned operation militia deserted suffered criticism emerged brief military career popularity intact charter member delay new massachusetts constitution finally went effect october surprise elected governor massachusetts landslide garnering vote absence formal party politics contest personality popularity patriotism immensely popular patriotic given personal sacrifices leadership principal opponent cast supporters citing things refusal poor health serve supporters principally commercial interests massachusetts coastal communities cast populace governed massachusetts end revolutionary war economically troubled postwar period repeatedly winning reelection wide margins took hands approach governing avoiding controversial issues possible according led strength deal critical issues confronting commonwealth governed surprise resignation january cited failing health reason aware growing unrest countryside wanted office trouble came critics believed claims illness avoid difficult political situations historian wrote chief resources money gain popularity second prevent losing turmoil avoided ultimately rebellion successor deal uprising reelected promptly pardoned rebels reelected annual terms governor remainder life final years resigned governor elected delegate known ratification congress declined importance revolutionary war frequently ignored states congress elected serve president attended poor health interested sent congress letter resignation effort remedy perceived defects delegates sent drafted united_states_constitution sent states ratification rejection present philadelphia convention new constitution lack bill rights shift power central government january elected president massachusetts convention ill present convention began remained silent contentious debates convention drawing close gave speech favor ratification time years supported position support adams massachusetts convention narrowly ratified constitution vote support probably deciding factor ratification forth candidate presidential election custom era political ambition viewed suspicion campaign publicly express interest office instead wishes known indirectly like knew george_washington going elected president interested vice president despite poor health received electoral votes election home state massachusetts voted massachusetts native received second highest number electoral votes vice president disappointed performance election continued popular massachusetts health failing spent final years essentially governor wife died bed october years age order acting governor day burial state holiday lavish funeral given american time legacy despite grand funeral faded popular memory death according historian boston celebrated hero half century revolution george_washington early lamented buried boston little effort preserve historical legacy house torn city boston massachusetts legislature decided maintaining according young conservative new elite massachusetts comfortable rich man pledged fortune cause revolution centennial american independence popular interest revolution plaques honoring boston memorial column finally erected essentially unmarked grave burying ground length biography appeared 20th century challenge facing biographers compared prominent founding fathers like jefferson left relatively personal writings historians use interpreting life result depictions relied writings political opponents critical according historian chief victim massachusetts historiography gifted popular politician long history suffered known later generations entirely detractors whig influential 20th century historian wrote negative portraits dictionary american biography 1930s adams argued fair presiding officer great ability prominent inherited wealth decades later historian argued adams repeated negative views political opponents research adams presented series incidents anecdotes partially documented documented sum leave distinctly unfavorable impression according adams evidently projected disapproval 1920s businessmen ended key events career writing 1970s called scholars evaluate based merits views critics time historians usually presented favorable portrait acknowledging important writer political theorist military leader places things united_states named honor named vessels uss world war liberty ship named honor states named places named include massachusetts michigan new_hampshire new_york new_hampshire named founded boston connection business ventures financial company passed boston chicago popular culture miniseries major characters portrayed portrayed hbo miniseries actor musical film years later played decent fair man sympathetic rebel cause willing sides respect american superhero comedy film starring smith reference american slang term signature slang reason smith character receive suffering amnesia asked john signature nurse ends thinking video game fallout named finds red coat adopts inspired ideas freedom starts militia takes town town modeled square local mob boss later completing quest recruited player follower | John Hancock | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4380_James"HonestDick"Tate | honest dick january unknown kentucky state treasurer nicknamed honest dick good reputation colleagues nickname turned ironic nearly quarter million dollars state treasury found frequently cited kentucky fourth constitutional convention reason impose term limits kentucky elected officials term limit remained force kentucky officials state constitution amended allow governor lieutenant governor state treasurer state serve consecutive terms early life born child nancy taylor second husband colonel kentucky father descended virginia family scots irish ancestry father farmer veteran war paternal grandfather veteran maternal grandfather reverend pioneer baptist minister kentucky received education franklin counties finished schooling later year age began work clerk post office june married june couple child son named howard died age couple daughter political career political career began appointment governor position assistant secretary state state kentucky model democrat resigned post governor elected years later appointed post democratic governor supported wing kentucky democratic party american civil war resigned disagreements general_assembly continued serve hand picked successor resigning end robinson term served assistant clerk end service house successfully ran state treasurer post elected years decades mentioned biographer contributed personal popularity great success democratic party adding time opposition party elected popular exceeding obtained candidate office state popularity lease office regarded fixed fact gubernatorial race republican challenger issue need examine treasury bradley ultimately lost race idea treasurer records took root general_assembly began calling commission undertake session claimed need time books order effectively delayed establishment commission ultimately formed disappearance aftermath quarter began pattern behavior aroused considerable suspicion man lesser began checks state bank account instead cash usual short period time paid number personal debts march noticed filling tobacco sacks gold silver coins later determined worth departed louisville leaving note saying return days nature job perceived record found actions questionable week passed word clear happened records later days louisville boarded train cincinnati vanished leaving wife daughter investigation followed state found giving state officials loans times left unpaid advances salaries including advance thousand dollars governor apparently state money personal investments mines real estate governor announced outright theft state treasury hearings followed house_of_representatives senate removed office counts criminal indictment followed case marked officially reported freed implicated scandal obligation repay state synonymous political corruption state crime frequently cited state fourth constitutional convention resulting constitution expanded term limit applied governor statewide elected officials legislature voters adopted term limit officials despite general_assembly offer information leading arrest found family claimed heard presumed committed suicide daughter eventually admitted received letters father april december letters british_columbia canada japan china san_francisco witness claimed seen letter friends written brazil known communication honest dick article new_york_times citing friends know claimed believed died china | James "Honest Dick" Tate | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4506_WilliamPhips | sir february february shepherd boy born massachusetts bay colony ship captain treasure hunter major general appointed governor best remembered establishing later ruling disbanding court associated infamous salem witch trials humble origin young age watched family flock sheep near home present day maine moved boston start business building ships soon began embark treasure hunting expeditions west_indies famous london boston recovering large treasure sunken spanish feat earned instant wealth king william war commissioned major general day allowed vote led successful military expedition port royal capital followed unsuccessful attempt capture quebec years later appointed governor successfully middle political position strong connection powerful new_england royalist opposition returned massachusetts bay colony england height numerous executions salem suspended court proceedings pardoned people sentenced death released held jail trial related controversies resulted recall england answer variety charges died london age charges heard early life born son james frontier settlement present day maine near mouth father died boy years old mother married neighbor business partner biography claimed children number likely included survive infancy mother known children white father poor ancestry descended country gentry technically cousin years junior according shepherd age began year ship carpenter received formal schooling despite keen intelligence literacy skills likely rudimentary wrote generally acknowledged education attained master ship achieved wealth fame relied personal secretary assistance common figures time ended traveled boston continued employ skills year later married widow unrelated massachusetts mary father merchant landowner interests maine known mary early age accounts couple exhibited genuine affection evidence long home established shipyard bay maine outbreak shipyard successful turning number small boats building large merchant ship preparing maiden voyage august planning deliver load lumber boston band indians descended area cargo took board local settlers financially ruined indians destroyed shipyard intended cargo masts lumber considered hero colonists boston early began engage favorite colonial treasure hunting bahamas captain resolution seeking treasure sunken spanish ships near expedition documented profitable returning shares worth certain low level participants new_england mint master investors earned widespread reputation continually finding sunken ships strange voyage hms rose captain frigate sailing england west_indies officers present broke open secret instructions learned mission aid hunt large treasure near hispaniola sloop convoy designated searching falcon act aid protection instructions sir rear admiral commissioner royal_navy ear king charles_ii time thirty year old way england gained audience charles_ii measure remarkable achievement poor new like clear right place right time reputation finding sunken ships preceded gains letter writer mentions late successful returns delivered king portion returns person case reckless plan probably new_england native despite having background english navy assigned commander gun frigate treasure hunt given financial backing crew required pay expenses voyage including food diving equipment deposit treasure found king rest divided unpaid crew plan ill conceived suggests obsessed possibility treasure possible complex way sly intention act noisy important treasure hunt unlike falcon sent directly search near hispaniola correctly believed great treasure lay buried instructions kept secret signed entire crew broadcasting designs harbor shipyards july articles agreement image signed seven crew members presence evil genius new england set sail mission added manifest foe serving boston writ quo precious charter massachusetts searching frigate muscle backing essential frigate new_england coast time second quo submission war vessel present awe hoped display induce new_england submit revisions charter crown having fully revoked august wrote sir informed rose fitted bahamas orders boston weeks way indicates time essence willing travel frigate idea embark brother bernard given passage told rose set sail things complicated crown decided place board named look king interest acted sort sailors far shore whiskey tobacco offering credit wages collected captain lucrative post required investment usually went young naval afford capital like terrible idea place voyage like rose budget men receiving wages collectively buying sharing food brought great quantities fancy cheese predictable results way dependent good relations captain looked decided forward introducing crew absent london reception friendly began curse ship wished saw better hired ship merchants crew bunch lot calls final minute bait switch previous addition nearly edge know crew comes detailed journal trip boston kept called hostile observer important note ignorant complex dual nature voyage basic colonial politics important elements human nature distant historians available source shed light events past history tends heavily writers writer story comes journal pile like rest understood role intended play support possible cleanup interaction says seeking signatures crew king july agreement image accurately portrayed crew mate protests job seek additional signatures crew easily returns ship acting witness complained firing ships cannons set watch time ship set sail day distinctly odds records asked cabin berth told sleeping trunk unfortunate turn events historian prefer captain table recording dinner conversation brother class friction surely played strong role conflict consistently presents victim times bullied badly set thought higher class articles agreement testify trust king placed crew willing commanded acts journal addressed reads like strong future promotion presents captain sailor questionable literacy level probably safe gentleman class likely years younger mid twenties excellent taking coordinates trained exhibit breadth experience knowledge rigging records perceived careful plotting journey shows great ability possessed sailor crossing atlantic half time ship meet making landfall boston october increase recorded diary entry arrived boston quickly began provide force insisting ship strike colors firing bows claims historians followed lead treating activities boston harbor arrogant clear letters merely explosive fun cites personal instructions king charles_ii known insisted salute flag creating chaos massachusetts government continued pursue original intention gathering diving equipment divers bahamas later followed procedures requiring ships strike west_indies new crew bermuda lack experience royal_navy suggest likely mistakes procedure best way strange uncomfortable boston records initiated building house boston criticism complain activities boston harbor winter assisted searching ship choosing threatening posture showed inability understand new_england character produce effect intended voted submit crown deputies resisted rose focal point resistance recorded understanding crew soon fire town called rebels deposition records believe merely recording brawl particular told thought town born child captain answering let sworn sixteen years age true king government act delayed vengeance boarded captain imprisoned years later boston revolution writ quo required response massachusetts end term handed brother boarded pink bound england december days later began making preparations detained problems boston government ongoing search discussion allows crew owe money says thrown jail hinder treasure hunt finally sailed clear january unfortunately rogue crew cause small riot boston assault hull according board meaning effectively deserted according articles important bad light days left boston area gave speech deputies advising submit crown resist quo historian calls increase important entry politics remarkable distributed month echoes new_england government increase debut colonial politics extent arguments crossed atlantic hard know certainly played role spoken royalist boston government meetings recorded cross increase begin consistently oppose dominion government helped bring suggest degree shame dismay role played captain leaving boston searched picked bahamas limited success treasure hunters gone crew jamaica november jamaica time captain stanley record joining forces sharing information likely met don know distract treasure hunters away stanley time soon visited north coast hispaniola slowly cruised north exploring banks stanley searching year later returned quickly located treasure suggests able gather valuable knowledge begin clear plan wait years bring fruition returned london august ordered assess rose power set strange plan motion march ordered attend lord treasurer found king receive treasure wear tear rose estimated age piracy high mortality making london alive king ship afloat probably pass test new plan works captain time private venture long hispaniola treasure diminished captain stanley report shown willing harass harbor hometown compromise interests interests crown surely noted conservative elements captain stanley expressing continuing search hispaniola treasure captain probably expressed enthusiasm new confidence logical choice commander obvious turned hard duke assembled group private investors fund expedition tasked finding suitable ships came james mary gun ton frigate ton henry london sloop commanded second mate previous voyage left rose boston utilized experience sailor select high quality anchors chains cables hold ships close proximity months tried fish treasure worth taken provisions provide cover ruse hispaniola merely merchants treasure hunters london investors felt confident paid total ships voyage unlike voyage rose crew paid regular wages sailed downs september november arrived hispaniola spent weeks water weather bad search consequently way weeks january sent captain rogers smaller henry london native american divers listed search called bit delay weather writes doubt knew exactly going january spotted cannons lying white sands reef ship found spanish silver fleet later determined english know ship wrecked days divers able bring coins silver bars decided travel let know turned somewhat slow trip reefs informed amazing find spent days preparing ships gathering food sustain men months bringing treasure controversies surrounded end life critics like portray hot headed ill bred worth noting careful conduct life changing time march april divers ships crews worked recover manner treasure silver coins silver jewelry small gold artifacts concerned possibility mutiny guaranteed crew hired wages receive shares find pay percentage carefully avoided putting ports dispatched london news treasure weighed tons quarter went paying crew shares received treated hero london find talk town economic historians argue find significantly effected history led major increase formation joint stock companies played role eventual formation crew rewarded investors medals james june james rewarded post marshal general chief sheriff serving sir september returned wreck command venture admiral elected personally lead expedition nearly successful wreck discovered arrival english scattered smaller ships treasure worth recovered death brought expedition end left wreck site early sailing boston time home half years new post marshal general marshal general arrived boston summer welcomed hero wife happy celebrated harvard college commencement compared jason golden happy feeling mutual new_england unified opposition interesting note despite having captain carried association minds people massachusetts bay swore new post early july council refused demand previously named dismissed simply wanted share dominion stuck kept head instead stayed home boston weeks shipping london join opposing dominion seeking restore original charter mention increase diary correspondence motivated shared dislike worked bring downfall glorious revolution late replaced catholic james protestant monarchs william petitioned new monarchs restoration massachusetts charter successfully convinced delay transmission formal instructions change power returned boston carrying king queen found arrested revolt boston served time guarding prison free political baptism paris worth mass boston worth conversion sense turmoil england william accession throne prompted governor advantage political turmoil new_england launching series indian raids northern frontier early frontier town maine overrun early march french perceived provisional government massachusetts began casting major general lead expedition french demonstrated military interests young man king philip war took arms built ships cut lumber journal constitutional military discipline control naval subsequent actions suggested good candidate lead large military expedition writes saturday march sir offers person governor sends tells tell general court send sir william accepts appointed command forces major thanks sir william sent feared thought lady consent court makes sir william free swear boston wednesday night clock entire entry entry day shows richest men colony highly active colony behalf able vote serve provisional government following old charter church members free court church free saturday according devout active church congregation likely deliberately withheld information point diary generally considered widely referenced historians years later death following good bit political involving anonymously wrote biography sent away london publication despite having boston printing presses cast scenario spontaneous spiritual awakening including heartfelt testimony claims adding word unto loved inside jokes interpreted sly way saying wrote single word events mutually exclusive places baptism day march general court played active role free understanding add rolls north church records north church added brother withheld prefix unlike image book recording infant lists admitted baptized wife doesn appear records admission baptism adult generally somewhat drawn process weeks doesn surviving record coming table lord supper church members invited reference baptism hand reference boss london mentioning general year publicly christened boston expanding franchise new_england away control clergy comment probably goes point noting loyalty new_england opposed crown short like march church scene happened understood foremost political event major general port royal expedition late april leading fleet seven ships sailed boston capital port royal summoned governor des surrender command men fort disrepair promptly negotiated terms capitulation came ashore day discovered removing including government property supposed come victor control motives continue debated historians today claimed violation terms capitulation consequently declared agreement void allowed troops sack town destroy church acts promised prevent oral surrender agreement fortifications destroyed removing weaponry left convinced number swear allegiance english crown appointed council locals administer town sailed boston carrying garrison prisoners war received hero welcome praise criticized circles french histories allowing port royal quebec expedition wake success massachusetts provisional government agreed organize expedition larger scale quebec capital new france gave command originally intending coordinate simultaneous overland attack montreal launched albany new_york expedition departure delayed vain hope needed munitions arrive england expedition counting ships soldiers finally sailed august short ammunition pilots familiar saint lawrence river carried turn inadequate provisions contrary winds difficulty navigating expedition took weeks reach quebec late arrival conditions setting river long voyage meant impossible conduct lengthy siege sent message citadel demanding surrender governor general declared response mouths cannons held war council decided combined land assault naval bombardment failed landing force men led major unable cross defended saint charles river naval bombardment failed guns unable reach high city furthermore soon ran ammunition fighting according cost expedition deaths field cannon numerous wounded disease disaster took additional toll smallpox ravaged troops transports lost accidents men lost causes expedition cost colony mount issued paper currency english colonies expedition participants creditors unhappy paid way purchased paper hard currency financial losses process time governor petitioned return minor small items taken outraged heard case returned england february seek support expedition quebec governor massachusetts soon returning england joined supported dealing increase diary says march march march writes response meeting sir clergyman flanked knights sir sir emerge later major proponents brought new charter counting total agents acting behalf massachusetts seeking restore old charter agents holding official commission papers massachusetts council politically sought policy pushing new charter knights away agents july increase records diary life sooner compromise charter long increase left london vacation august letter written king william secretary desire king willing accept charter longer insist alterations mentioned stance opposing new charter diary entry week later august indicates unaware accepted august earl nottingham told committee sir informed new_england agents new charter august decided participate process shaping new charter reluctantly number requests concerning new charter rejected william mary allowed nominate colony governor council members monarchs appointed royal governor approval newly issued colonial charter charter greatly expanded colony bounds including territories plymouth colony islands south including martha present day territories maine new_brunswick nova scotia expanded franchise nearly universal males increase odd common politically new charter job sell people massachusetts expecting agents return old charter restored increase reached boston separate ships saturday afternoon meaning activity cease according old laws unlike arrival hms rose showed little regard occasion highly elaborate swearing ceremony meeting house halted delayed following monday according letter writer presented having intentions oppose ancient laws customs promised rule weak governor according tradition predecessors speech likely crafted care attention crossed atlantic come agreement work street work tend frontier slate domestic affairs unfortunately crossing coincided great swelling infamous people arrested charges held boston salem prisons special created hear accumulated cases officially signed commission likely architect courts specifically mentioned new charter spent time working details charter increase increase pick lieutenant governor lifelong bachelor chosen chief judge new court little indicate proceed ruthless conviction later claimed chosen nominations court persons best figure pitched pointed known respected merchants boston area june ordered woman accused executed days later tradition allow days order execution following monday clergy asked officially weigh issue likely asking opinion son cotton writing response called return ministers simultaneously urging caution prosecution importantly cautioned discredit admission evidence accusations crime committed possible father son area ministers continued debate issue summer fall documented minutes end june women condemned die granted impressed salem gentlemen point wash hands proceedings idea gaining lieutenant governor allied including fully committed increase record having travelled north meet afflicted attend single trial execution instead continued work recruiting troops gathering supplies build fort maine left province end july gone entire month august september officially handing executive powers absence beginning august french indian raids resumed years following expeditions sought improve province defenses instructions london oversaw construction stone fort dubbed fort william henry present day bristol maine wooden fort destroyed recruited major lead man expedition eventually leading peace agreement people time returned maine september persons executed accusations arrests continued including charges high profile individuals allegedly including wife point finally let known court fall new court formed instructions entirely disregard evidence selected peers chief justice late january ordered graves dug advance round execution orders realizing longer cleared leading storm court replacement court inclined mercy accused beginning february accused condemned die released prison recall london leadership dependent support powerful father son pick lieutenant governor strange disparate coalition badly fractured proceedings final slow shut letter written october expressed ending proceedings stated displeasure father recent presumed innocence cases conscience stood gained terrible foe furthermore massachusetts native dominion official alongside london replace early joined forces strain gotten way previous seemingly challenges january involved embarrassing physical altercation subordinate captain royal navy accusations letters follow standard lines gentleman short called drunk corrupt unwilling withstand hardships obey direct orders lieutenant captain accused usual accused having carpenter education poor manners standard procedure reminiscent journal pick replacement captain accused accused corruption standard charge standard problem colonial leadership time having traded silver paper quebec building ship chase pirates maine teeth accusation following dominion government oversaw colonies good bit jealousy border disputes position new governors colonies work past expressed outrage execution enemies new_york government replaced ongoing struggles usher new_hampshire continued following death placed usher suggesting unimpressed provinces particular merits arguments ordered posthumous pardon keeping longstanding tradition massachusetts bay fought office custom arguing port massachusetts goods warrant presence instead attempted establish naval office acting head admiralty favors gain support powerful merchant class old turf battle admiralty customs lead altercation custom inspector follow similar embarrassing pattern altercation captain short weighed accused violating predecessor slowly steadily working flow tributes colonies crown pipes need answer spring elections needed new connections balance dangerous elected seat appointed governor exercise veto power granted controversial new charter highly unpopular establish dangerous precedent increase fought unsuccessfully veto power new charter ironically architect weeks later invited men dinner unable broker truce trying maintain bond loyalty counts considered poor political father son house divided trying heal lost credibility public trust slow realize increase longer trusted adviser year later elected allowed stand time probably little late july hosted house meeting including judges read letter arrived day queen letter supported ending trials stated greatest accused doubt wanted letter read official minutes hosting meeting house wonders trying provoke especially wife accused november little year shut heard complaints short london recall internal date february summoned london answer charges took months letter reach boston july received summons appear people ordered oversee gathering evidence hearing reversal fortunes spent summer maine securing peace treaty overseeing frontier defenses near birthplace finally sailed england november increase asked support decided citing difficulty journey diary time return england friendly coalition partnership final stroke left pardoned accused pardon ensured brought trial absence sailed harbor sunset firing guns ship notes similarity uncomfortable time arrival differences telling longer sensitive customs clergy loudly arrived london early january arrival london arrested exaggerated charges levied customs sir fell ill fever died february aged charges heard buried london family legacy william children adopted son mary sister formally took went serve lieutenant governor massachusetts including periods acting governor maine named honor | William Phips | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4534_WilfridKentHughes | kent hughes sir june july australian soldier olympic games author federal state government minister born melbourne upper middle class family set attend university_of_oxford rhodes scholarship enlisted army outbreak world war discharge army attended oxford represented australia athletics summer olympics antwerp completion degree oxford returned australia seeking career politics elected victorian state parliament sat conservative rising position deputy premier victoria proved controversial figure politics afraid publicly personal beliefs admiration poor understanding enlisted army outbreak world war stationed singapore captured japanese spent years prisoner war liberation returned victorian state politics switching federal politics appointed minister federal government led complained responsibilities interesting summer olympics organising committee showed willing break longstanding olympic conventions order games role organisation melbourne olympics led sporting historians refer important figures olympic history following olympics kent hughes dropped ministerial posts spent remainder time parliament gaining reputation ardent parliament died aged member federal parliament history early life second child seven english surgeon publisher wife née born educated accepted christ church oxford commence study oxford war service family hughes young usually called bill billy later avoid confusion fellow politician adopted middle names kent surname known spelled given father spelled number relatives gained national recognition chosen fields uncle canon influential member church_of_england australia leading australian rules uncle brigadier general mayor governor general earl aunt hughes founded australian women national_league largest body organised women country sisters leading community activist referred family communist renowned proponent indigenous rights world war enlisted private august served 3rd gallipoli wounded palestine syria reached rank major mentioned despatches times received marked ability energy performance duties appointed deputy adjutant general return australia published volume memoirs exploits university olympics war end entered christ church oxford gaining bachelor_of_arts honours captained oxford ski team showed proficiency athletics chosen represent australia metre summer olympics finished fourth heat metre failed progress won metre heat finishing fifth semi final return england handed later admitted official olympic flag olympic stadium visit europe australian ski overseas following graduation oxford married wealthy american thread manufacturing empire february new_jersey returned melbourne work director father publishing company career politics political life unsuccessfully sought newly created seat winning seat independent candidate election joined nationalists soon found opposed conservative establishment considered victorian politics openly referred number fellow nationalists opposition members semi educated ill narrow minded close friend ally founded influential force conservative politics victoria nationalists came power december appointed cabinet secretary government whip resigned positions july ostensibly protest government freezing works company likely reaction ongoing fellow following formation place nationalists served including railways transport minister portfolio designed deal poverty great depression known minister starvation drafted legislation unemployment relief administration bill enacted january forced unemployed work denied form financial assistance women bill described piece legislation australia directed unemployed depression january embroiled cricket affair friend english captain oxford days publicly defended tactics sustained short pitched bowling australian batsmen arguing australia similar tactics england ashes tour criticised protests australian cricket governing body stating bitter insulting attacking simultaneously organising australian tour duke gloucester efforts appointed member royal victorian order manager australian team empire games held sydney fascist late 1920s 1930s developed strong sympathy encouraged uncle visited italy published enthusiastic report italy local newspaper return impressed sir proposal british parliament consisting business national interests headed powerful executive government published series articles titled fascist article wrote avoid attitude socialism kent hughes saw half way house systems fascist countries said industrial peace security found worth price sacrificing individual liberty previously enjoyed called british communities expected black shirt style british parliamentary representative unique prominent australians publicly identifying fascist joined fascist organisation acted overtly way described fascist evidence suggest anti biographer maintains know word mainly shock value kent hughes paid attention difference theory practice italy observes public support failed damage political career elected victorian deputy leader serving army world war resigning parliament rejoined army colonel 8th division served malaya campaign mentioned despatches taken prisoner japanese singapore kept prisoner war camp beaten half shipped slave taiwan october shipped japan korea sent rail prisoners war work arms factories august liberated invading returned australia complaint continue bother imprisoned secretly wrote slaves colourful account wartime experiences published took case australian general accused leaving singapore shortly city surrendered japanese appeared bennett case argued bennett correct avoid taken prisoner return australia continue fight appointed officer order british empire wartime service popular service community appearing day march april year horseback world war uniform campaigning improved benefits servicemen particularly prisoners war post war politics returned politics followed newly created served deputy premier minister transport minister public instruction chief secretary minister electrical decided transfer federal politics bulk state electorate comfortably safe liberal federal seat held old colleague federal leader instead opted stand newly created seat south east melbourne safe duly elected appointed minister interior minister minister works june complained left charge issues olympics following successful bid melbourne host summer olympics problems organising games extent president threatened award games city response approached chairman believing public stature background experience administration great assets took chairman role relationship visit melbourne inspect preparations impressed progress achieved condemned apparent lack concern deadline games criticism lightly quoted saying worry having chicago blow ins come blow tops particular general broke olympic tradition significant ways decided charge television footage games previously footage provided free charge secondly following suggestion year old apprentice carpenter melbourne instigated familiar closing ceremony tradition athletes different nations instead national teams symbol world unity plan charge television footage games strongly opposed circles including media believed games news free australian government authorities thought providing free television coverage games lead greater tourism opportunities public comment television rights games financial possibilities charging rights television rights fees policy following games television stations forced negotiate televised rights future games policy believed billion inception summer olympics recognition work successfully organising games kent hughes knight commander order british empire award presented athlete considers given outstanding performance games named honour significance modern olympic movement suggested oil portrait commissioned placed political decline dropped cabinet ostensibly opposed housing plans canberra likely continued public comments foreign affairs defence matters took independent line favouring policy anti communist higher defence spending conscription widely renowned parliamentary figure asian affairs leading member taiwan lobby sought maintain recognition taiwan official representative china met times following unexpected death prime minister number liberal politicians expressed support leader acting prime minister remaining prime minister ahead fellow turned member selected new leader prime minister remained popular electorate served parliament death survived wife daughters accorded state funeral times obituary highlighted war service status referring colourful australian earlier | Wilfrid Kent Hughes | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
4963_PeterDawson(politician) | politician april march canadian minister politician member alberta born scotland attending schools briefly working apprentice butcher immigrated canada age brother shortly arriving took residence ontario worked automobile profession years moving west alberta following decision settle calgary found employment butcher interest missionary work residence calgary didn long years later moved nearby capital city attended schooling ordained minister soon called remained years getting called champion intending career politics group citizens persuaded run election defeated member vote appointed speaker alberta year tenure death witnessed presided events instance crossing floor alberta naming fellow remarks provincial official witnessed royal visits alberta different monarchs king queen elizabeth_ii years later presided installation fountain legislature dying office honoured state funeral attended prominent citizens alberta early life career born scotland april john née twin sister died age months siblings died peter years old prior death worked police constable attended public schools attended finishing school worked farm butcher apprentice scotland shortly coming canada brother james sailed glasgow arriving halifax days later arrival settled ontario worked automobile manufacturer anderson years later moved calgary alberta found work years butcher years calgary decided relocate enrolled seminary studied arts theology united theological college later campus president student council graduates ordained minister later year calgary politics initially having interest politics ran election candidate riding request pressure citizens group win seat defeating alberta candidate speaker vote continue elected seven consecutive times riding held years speaker elected speaker february year speaker designate arranged opening session legislature broadcast radio given large number public wanting attend session family frequently took residence speaker suite time legislature session creating readily accessible speaker responsible things official duties writing speech throne compiled information government departments later read lieutenant governor alberta open session time speaker saw alberta legislative history cabinet ministers left respective party caucus sit instance crossing floor province legislative history june played major role ceremonies legislature royal visits princess later queen elizabeth wife acted hosts respective visits nominated speaker premier subsequently times nomination premier nomination making instance nomination supported session ruled comments alberta liberal leader debate child welfare remarked members government content hiding skirts unfortunate women unfortunate babies deemed terms deaf time speaker chosen chair committee set revise rules assembly session march pushed remarks provincial official committee meeting asked remarks refused prompting order removal chamber unanimous motion later passed suspended sitting days ready withdraw remarks issue apology chamber returned days later issuing apology remarks february opening second session 13th legislature accepted new occasion province 50th anniversary occasion royal visit time prince philip permanent fountain legislature installed 25th anniversary speaker presented silver banded behalf members continued serve position speaker unexpected death right election served years total speaker preceding death longest served alberta church career time calgary interested missionary work ordained minister alberta remained years called champion october conducting services later came alberta serve resident minister conducted services places alberta years minister ranging churches services participated solo performances strong voice duties speaker continued service minister retired active minister years service personal life calgary december married met serving missionary summer year daughter swedish immigrants father john commonly known worked helping new swedish families immigrated canada settle area later peter sons born went successful professional engineers ontario spare time enjoyed wide range recreational activities including golf tending gardens home vulcan vital planning establishment near champion active member alberta association served office master grand chaplain grand lodge finally grand master additionally active shrine wife moved vulcan alberta purchasing house marriage received honours time speaker including life membership served honorary president year death vulcan senior citizens centre named memory receiving entries contest facility death funeral march speaking engagement red deer ancient accepted scottish rite titled know hour suffered heart attack speaker suite legislature building attended health minister rushed died way speaker history died session death announced day paying tribute session quickly morning march body lay state chamber lying state speaker held people gathered chamber pay respects lying state body taken state funeral church judiciary government officials province general attendance premier manning acted clergy delivering eulogy notably attendance premier manning lieutenant governor mayor body later transported train vulcan second service interred soon death moved death june interred husband legacy death premier manning stated passing alberta canada lost outstanding figures reputation built fair honest ability won confidence respect members assembly extended borders alberta mayor said doubt occupied speaker chair canada fair efficient assembly late speaker son david recalled father talked easily complete strangers ability start conversation met regardless future lieutenant governor calgary grant compared sitting assembly like attending school strict qualified teacher | Peter Dawson (politician) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5057_JohnW.Stevenson | august 25th governor kentucky represented state houses son future speaker house diplomat graduated studied law cousin future congressman briefly practicing law mississippi relocated kentucky elected county attorney serving kentucky legislature chosen delegate state constitutional convention commissioners charged code laws task finished democrat elected consecutive terms supported proposed civil war blamed failure losing reelection bid known confederate stayed public life war consequently able avoid imprisoned confederate days elected governor lieutenant governor respectively helm died acting governor subsequently won special election finish helm term governor opposed federal intervention considered state matters insisted blacks newly granted rights observed state militia quell post war violence state fiscal conservative advocated new tax benefit education created state bureau education defeated incumbent seat criticizing allegedly supporting appointment hated federal position senate opposed internal improvements defended view constitution resisting efforts expand powers granted document beginning late functioned chairman later called floor leader senate democratic caucus seek reelection returning law practice accepting future kentucky governor law partner chaired elected president died august buried cincinnati ohio early life family born richmond virginia child andrew white mother granddaughter declaration independence died sent live maternal grandparents john father remarried father prominent virginia lawyer rose political prominence childhood elected congress eventually serving speaker house later appointed minister called united_states ambassador united_kingdom president controversy pro slavery practices father position young met educated private virginia washington frequently lived father congress age sydney college years later transferred graduated graduation read law cousin later serve congress admitted bar virginia following madison advice decided settle west traveled horseback western frontier reached mississippi_river settling mississippi small settlement time provide work satisfy decided travel kentucky settling permanently formed law partnership respected lawyer area partnership lasted death devout frequently attended conventions elected november married newport kentucky children political career soon arriving elected county attorney chosen delegate elected represent kentucky house representatives following year reelected chosen delegate state constitutional convention produced kentucky state constitution appointed commissioners revise kentucky civic criminal code work code civil criminal cases published kentucky delegates serving presidential representative elected consecutive terms duration tenure body served favored admitting kansas union constitution like sympathetic southern states position lead civil war opposed means dealing tensions presidential election supported close friend civil war advocated acceptance proposed including compromise authored fellow blamed rigid adherence demands failure proposed january denounced speech dictionary american biography called notable career house defeated reelection duration war lasted april stayed public life order avoid arrested confederate war delegate convention philadelphia pennsylvania supporter reconstruction policies president governor kentucky dominated kentucky democratic convention met february father late confederate general nominated governor nominated lieutenant governor entire democratic slate candidates elected including received votes non confederate win election year congressman state democrat federal soldier helm took oath office sick bed home kentucky september died days later sworn governor september acts governor appointments union soldier adjutant general confederate soldier state general helm died soon taking office special election remainder term set august democrats held convention february nominated finish helm term opponent election lieutenant governor choice republicans republicans faced including national party persecution president johnson lack local organization kentucky counties despite shortcomings public speaker elected landslide time largest majority obtained candidate kentucky election civil rights post war kentucky democrats split factions conservative democrats progressive new departure democrats governed moderately giving concessions sides urged immediate restoration rights denounced congress failing seat portion kentucky delegation sided confederacy champion states rights resisted federal measures saw violating sovereignty states denounced proposed fifteenth amendment following lead general_assembly refused pass fourteenth fifteenth amendment passage constitutional majority states generally insisted blacks newly granted rights silent state legislators officials cities lengthy residency restrictions district municipal boundaries exclude black voters specific elections plea legislators constitutional convention revise state pro slavery constitution better conform post war reality completely ignored opposed effort expand blacks rights assured federal amendments legislation civil rights act guaranteed blacks testify whites federal courts opposed new departure democrats insisted kentucky amend laws allow black testimony whites state courts measure failed legislative session later year declared civil rights act unconstitutional federal court soon overturned decision backed democrats appeal decision supreme_court united_states changed mind supported blacks right testify despite support measure failed general_assembly passed following year left office election state blacks allowed vote warned violence tolerated relied local authorities suppress incidents offered rewards perpetrators election related violence recommended carrying concealed weapons outlawed general_assembly passed requested legislation march law imposed small fines offense rapidly increased subsequent order deter repeat offenders state matters message legislature called legislators finally decide state capital remain moved lexington louisville wanted address clear favored keeping capital noted additional space needed present capitol building existing building continue house room state treasurer laid vision addition capitol pay expansion conservative pressed federal government pay claims kentucky civil war expenses end term state collected million claims legislature disregarded plan expanding capitol instead opting construct separate executive office building capitol advocated careful study state finances deal increasing expenditures insisted state stop covering short term bonds willing tax benefit segregation schools helped create state bureau education blacks possessed little property significant value new tax yielded little revenue support educational institutions state legislators rejected proposal create state bureau immigration statistics spur interest migration state persuade legislators improvements state institutions including establishing house reform juvenile offenders mob violence calling felt local authorities failed duties protect people ongoing problem administration september urged local authorities ordered groups disbanded october group calling band began anti violence dispatched authorizing use state militia quell violence necessary called companies militia suppressed band sent similar movement later october dispatched state militia dispatched lincoln counties governor declared send troops necessary arrest bringing justice combine matter law feet acts personal violence senator beginning late attacked kentucky senator representative allegedly supporting president nomination union general federal position revenue service born northern kentucky commanded colored troops civil war specifically ordered suppress confederate home state kentucky general_assembly sought bring trial war crimes wrote people kentucky pursued hated efforts finally came point friend left state raise voice defend attacks jones likely designed discredit advance senate term vigorously denied charges eventually challenged duel declined challenge citing christian beliefs general_assembly met choose successor december fifth ballot chose year senate term resigned governorship february advance march congressional session senate conservative opposing spending internal improvements maintaining strict view constitution urged fellow senators oppose civil rights act claiming provision president suspend right corpus cases believed violence imminent amounted giving chief executive powers dictator opposed appropriation federal money fund philadelphia pennsylvania believe congress given authority allocation constitution democratic national convention received votes delaware delegates democratic vice presidential nomination ultimately nominated february vice president named members investigate new_hampshire senator involvement scandal fellow senator new_jersey asked removed commission senate refused grant request february commission recommended expulsion senate chamber march acting recommendation term ended end session elected rendering consideration matter december term generally recognized chairman later known floor leader minority democratic caucus senate person acted capacity fourth congress chaired seek reelection end term disputed presidential election visiting went new_orleans louisiana concluded election fairly conducted state later life death service senate returned law practice addition accepted position teaching criminal law contracts remained interested politics chosen chairman democratic state convention louisville president democratic national convention cincinnati ohio began exploring concept dual personal acquaintance characterized proponent dual delivered address subject association annual meeting maintained madison believed strongly rights sovereign states regarded supreme_court appeal remedy reserved rights states unconstitutional acts congress elected president year address published association member characterized presidential report reviewing state federal legislation interesting valuable profession men studied law later years future treasury secretary future kentucky governor eventually law partner early august traveled tennessee attend commencement ceremonies fell ill rushed home died august buried cincinnati | John W. Stevenson | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5106_GabrielSlaughter | december september seventh governor kentucky person ascend office death sitting governor family moved kentucky virginia young member kentucky militia serving political career received citation state legislature recognition service battle new spending decade state legislature slaughter elected fourth lieutenant governor serving war end tenure slaughter ran governor state governor noted military leader years later slaughter elected lieutenant governor serving madison died short time term slaughter acting governor sought sworn governor public sentiment turned replaced son law secretary state pope unpopular figure kentucky appointment general_assembly began special election replace slaughter measure pass slaughter able shed title acting governor following term governor slaughter baptist lay minister served board trustees died september buried family cemetery early life born virginia december son robert harrison slaughter educated county public schools worked farmer slaughter married cousin couple daughters slaughter father visited kentucky early moved permanently september sold land virginia family followed father kentucky known large mansion lexington nicknamed rest vast number travelers allowed stay guests future lieutenant governor soon arrival kentucky wife sarah died leaving slaughter care daughters slaughter appointed justice peace governor year named tax commissioner district return trip virginia slaughter married second wife couple returned slaughter home children ann slaughter service kentucky general assembly slaughter political career began earnest election representing named probably served chair delivered committee reports assembly unclear seek election defeated year case filled space legislative hiatus serving trustee newly incorporated elected state house addition served joint committee reported state treasurer offices records served chairman house sat committee november slaughter elected state house served kentucky senate chosen commissioners charged selling stock shares chartered clear mouth mouth south fork candidate president kentucky senate following death senate presiding officer lieutenant governor ultimately proved popular choice served chair slaughter elected lieutenant governor man race received times number votes nearest opponent year term governor largely exact date unknown likely death slaughter second wife preceded election lieutenant governor october married wife elizabeth thompson widow prohibited kentucky constitution succeeding lieutenant governor slaughter ran governor kentucky impending war england drew military hero governor race despite immense popularity slaughter refused withdraw race beaten margin following defeat slaughter took year hiatus public life engaged farming estate service state militia slaughter commissioned lieutenant colonel kentucky militia december promoted rank major colonel answered governor volunteers serve army southwest general general deliver promised supplies slaughter regiment private funds purchase boats travel mississippi_river ran short weapons arrival new_orleans january general jackson noted official report man armed man arms citizens new_orleans provided firearms equip rest slaughter men kentucky battalion despite vastly outnumbered jackson forces victorious units kentucky tennessee including slaughter regiment bore british attack slaughter later recognized state legislature service following service jackson asked slaughter court martial verdict satisfactory jackson ordered slaughter reconsider reverse decision slaughter declined know duty performed decision respected jackson apparently harm mutual respect slaughter ascension governorship slaughter elected post lieutenant governor elected governor opposition madison died october slaughter ascended governorship time sitting governor died office kentucky questioned legality slaughter status position following governor madison death secretary state offered step slaughter preferred appoint post letter explicit resignation declared intention work slaughter governor choose retain slaughter replace senator apparently political favor proved disastrous slaughter political career popular virtue son law twice governor contrast pope extremely unpopular vote declaring war war panned state newspapers prominent citizens future governor slaughter followed unpopular decision appointing member hated fill senate seat despite general_assembly appointment permanent convened december administration candidate term defeated general_assembly opted january faction led proposed bill calling election governor fill vacancy death governor madison measure failed legislative elections showed popular mandate special gubernatorial election passed bill calling elections vote measure died state senate slaughter officially given title governor referred lieutenant governor acting governor administration general_assembly slaughter pope failing require proper security oath office state treasurer slaughter led demise proposals regardless merits suggested comprehensive system public schools idea proposed previous governors slaughter devised means funding hostile legislature refused plan slaughter bills allowed individual schools supported slaughter proposed reform system recommended internal improvements including creation state library measures rejected slaughter governorship complicated financial panic spent majority term working stabilize state economy politicians day generally divided favored measures favorable called relief position party insisted creditors paid timely manner called anti relief position party december general_assembly passed law requiring month collection debts slaughter anti relief partisan vetoed bill relief party legislators held large majority general_assembly thanks previous fall elections veto following february general_assembly passed liberal stay law preventing collection debts year accept payments notes years demanded payment backed notes actions precursor controversy slaughter clashed general_assembly potential solutions crisis state level adopted strong states rights policy national level challenged supreme_court ruling individual states tax branches bank religious leadership later life following term governor slaughter failed bid return state senate elected state house_of_representatives serving single term term continued support measures improve education voted ask congress aid deaf dumb school state opposed fines state learning state treasury named joint committee investigate use state concurrent political career slaughter took leading role affairs church born tradition church_of_england soon associated baptist congregation served messenger congregation associations connected thirty years association slaughter served clerk body annual meeting later served years helped found following term state house slaughter retired politics active lay minister baptist faith appointed board trustees baptist college georgetown kentucky died september interred family cemetery | Gabriel Slaughter | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5146_HenryGardner | june july 23rd governor massachusetts serving know elected governor sweeping victory know candidates massachusetts elections born dry goods merchant boston active local early 1850s sudden secretive rise previously held positions joined movement winning landslide victory terms office know enacted legislation wide ranging reform agenda significant changes state constitution including important electoral reforms replacement majority voting voting know movement began long victory dividing slavery won reelection republican support given exchange know support republican presidential candidate republican easily defeated know movement effectively dissolved left politics returned business interests died relative obscurity early life born community separate boston june grandfather named respected harvard graduate politically active american revolution served state treasurer younger henry educated private schools boston area attended graduated attended embarked career dry goods merchant boston business remained married portland maine seven children entry politics politically whig elected serving moderately conservative involved state party organization serving central organizing committee broke support pro slavery kansas nebraska act involved know movement shift position fairly radical viewed contemporaries recent historians politically prior joining know displayed sentiments supported irish american bid justice peace switched moderate position slavery abolitionist stance supported positions prohibition alcohol previously opposed whig statesman described man character know convention october chose gubernatorial candidate stand slavery radical republican candidate seeking know support wilson eventually deal know withdrawing race moment exchange know support united_states senate bid campaign relatively democrats organize large scale events larger parties concerned rallies poorly attended know aristocratic fielded incumbent governor stand reelection particularly dismissive know commentator described know ticket ministers lying priests led optimistic warning journalist win large majority election landslide won vote state legislature congressional delegation entirely populated governor massachusetts legislature elected know sweep unlike preceded members new elected office session productive state history bills resolutions passed inaugural address set hoped tone position party leader speech focused exclusion issues included claims level immigration reaching crisis proportions notably omitted popular substantive reform issues hour avoided contentious subject slavery reforms legislature passed wide variety reform legislation signed board insurance broad powers inspection created bankruptcy laws changed benefit lower class individuals imprisonment debt abolished mandated school children women given right property responsibility husbands debts restrictions placed child labor schools reform school girls established state funding withdrawn schools cities towns authorized engage wide variety civic improvements including building highways gas water sewer lines public transport facilities docks major reforms enacted despite vigorous debate legislation calling hour amendments state constitution enacted term originated constitutional convention proposals popular poorly organized defeated popular referendum voting previously enacted apply federal elections extended state elections state executive offices including attorney general secretary state treasurer state rules reformed based districts drawn population instead towns reform immediately subject controversy harsh prohibition law service glass month jail sentence bill signed law immediately protested legislators passed later criticized charging bar state traveled issues legislation executive action aimed addressing concerns called foreign militia composed irish immigrants disbanded foreigners allowed police forces state government jobs state deported allegedly aliens protest abuses notable case involved liverpool woman american born infant means support reported state saved process aspect agenda legislature investigation alleged abuses roman catholic boarding houses principal investigators reported remarks establishments later found engage drinking hiring prostitutes scandal received great deal press badly know slavery election arrested boston fugitive fugitive slave law judge served commissioner massachusetts ordered burns forced slavery virginia increasingly public massachusetts pressure public petition campaign spearheaded legislature passed bills address calling judge removed state office cases declined remove bill address remove office later approved republican successor know legislature passed veto stringent personal liberty laws designed enforcement fugitive slave act difficult slave possible said law relations called repeal minority parties legislature sought weaken bill major provisions including rights corpus jury trial state funded defense survived later elections national know convention split subject slavery prominent know supporters massachusetts including began attempt having failed form party abolition major focus effort resulted formation republican_party sought negotiate know fusion parties massachusetts know leadership refused fusion republican leadership refused coalition republicans skeptical fidelity cause despite support fusion parties ended fielding separate candidates know politicians supporters switched allegiance fall election running strictly platform garnered vote republican new voting rule effect won election split circles know agenda cost support free democrats election benefited deal republicans refused run candidate governor exchange know support presidential candidate easily won reelection republicans voted protest candidate instead supporting attempted republican support election united_states senate matter decided state senate early session replacing republican senate voting speech opening session easily reelected nation election massachusetts year factors opposed republican know democrat accused having little tool whig industrial interests banks adept bringing camp importantly attested banks strong credentials sought focus contests local issues slavery issue banks won comfortable victory sought bring remained know coalition democrats attempts find suitable candidate unsuccessful year know candidate trailed banks later life continued dry goods business agent died massachusetts july 1850s recognized harvard_university honorary degrees member | Henry Gardner | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5320_StanisławStaszic | november january leading figure polish enlightenment catholic priest philosopher writer poet translator statesman supported reforms poland particularly remembered political writings great year support constitution adopted founded precursor president served member minister trade industry congress poland seen father polish geology statistics studies exploration mining industry life early life born family town november youngest siblings father mayor royal secretary attended secondary school studied theology graduated jesuit school ordained catholic priest took lesser holy orders higher orders continued studies france took classes physics natural history returning poland accepted position tutor house grand crown chancellor received doctorate translated works french polish briefly worked academy teacher french language reformer remarks life jan published anonymously eve great transformed little known tutor chief political late 18th century commonwealth model similar works began flood political books pamphlets unprecedented commonwealth history reprinted numerous times including unauthorized editions remarks portray life prominent polish history argued reforms needed proposed supported centuries strong partisan reforms ardent advocate interests lower classes advocated abolition improvements peasants fate granting land private rights criticised polish nobility inefficient governance argued showed allowed govern argued slight increase taxes allow commonwealth create army stand chance larger armies neighbours preferred theory commonwealth context agreed strengthening central royal power practical solution reforming country line similar developments europe remarks supported introduction absolute monarchy poland keen observer proceedings spending time warsaw began continued publishing new books pamphlets warnings poland coming current european politics natural laws writer remarks life previous remarks considered influential works polish enlightenment warnings criticised poland lithuania monastic orders supported participant influential widely read discussed writings time recognized founding fathers constitution accompanied family trip abroad continued serve adviser family relations sons august strained eventually align daughter family supported failed attempt liberate commonwealth foreign influence following events second partition poland money insurgents cause defeat uprising accompanied family trip vienna successful financial investments including stock market served economic adviser families invested estates lent money late life poland russia prussia austria seized commonwealth territory active scientific scholarly initiatives studied geology founded active members went france observed changes wrought napoleon return poland spent time continued geological studies conducted ones worked geological map poland worked involved numerous educational reforms initiatives briefly worked president forerunner elected repeatedly society president death member council active regard questions education economy president active initiatives supported popularized science poland oversaw construction headquarters came known palace supported russian_empire seen ally poland favored idea great slavic monarchy fall member government newly created small state personal union russia initially new religion serving deputy minister decorated endorsed controversial censorship law damaging reputation polish translation met negative reception published writings volume volumes comprised poem gigantic philosophical essay poem regarded important contribution history polish philosophy work ran new censorship law distributed edition eventually destroyed carried studies education human behavior social science tradition views theories precursor natural social sciences essays human nature declared science relatively critical influence religion views gained critics seen priest abandoned religion involved mining research projects actively supported industrial development poland importance coal supported development related projects mines steel mills involved development textile industries improving transport infrastructure roads canals discovered coal deposits initiated building coal facto minister industry styled officially director crafts industry initiated construction projects result quick returns incurred increasing criticism eventually resigned position founded seen polish cooperative died warsaw january likely stroke funeral gathered people including congress poland buried cemetery testament left property tenants wealth went initiatives private life remembered contemporaries person quick friends described somewhat despite acquiring significant wealth said wear old clothes use old carriage nonetheless widely respected contemporaries seen stern honest tendency speak fashion found amusing remembrance seen chief representatives political activists writers polish enlightenment seen father polish geology statistics studies exploration mining industry figures jan painting constitution protagonist judge novel little silver published biography lost 100th anniversary death celebrated second polish republic studies articles publications april honoured postage stamp set issued figure popular scholars stressed anti clerical views anniversary death celebrated works dedicated including poems patron schools including statues geographical landmarks minerals bear gathered artifacts related publishes journal awards works best known works include following remarks life jan warnings poland warnings poland origin mountains later poland reasons jewish polish translation | Stanisław Staszic | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5724_JuanLarrea(politician) | politician june spain june buenos_aires spanish businessman politician buenos_aires early nineteenth century headed military unit second british invasion worked took ill fated mutiny domingo spanish born members national government argentina supported secretary moved distant city san_juan removed government returned deputy assembly year constituent assembly promoting resolutions organized strategy downfall royalist stronghold threat buenos_aires argentine war independence despite victory faced political conflicts admiral economic crisis exiled country moved france returned buenos_aires exile lifted law served consul time business declined committed suicide june surviving member biography early life born june city father charge customs operations mother studied mathematics navigation focused education career commerce father died patriarch family moved buenos_aires established warehouse leather sugar traded peru chile colonial brazil respected businessman promoted role deputies buenos_aires madrid court better representation brazilian reduce privileges merchants buenos_aires nearby cities faced british invasions absence reinforcements spain arranged buenos_aires capable bearing arms join resistance second invasion established appointed captain military unit defense successful british driven away business prospered appointed oversee naval patrol suppress shipments gave opportunity nautical skills use participated secret meetings patriots promoted political change joined mutiny attempted replace mutiny failed patriots continued plot revolution succeeded new discussions open appointed member prestige influential businessman promoted appointment member members precise reasons inclusion unclear membership considered balance resigned wages position member organized resources upcoming war independence drafted new code regulating business argentina secured exile captain ship carrying avoid landfall reaching far atlantic supported execution defeat counter revolution supported secretary president voted incorporation deputies cities previously indicated opposition proposal intended change reduce influence proposal prevailed incorporating new deputies resignation death reduce conflicts rebellion behalf ensued april aiming resignation remaining including accused joining factions public security deposed taken prisoner moved nearby city distant san_juan return politics resumed business activities san_juan avoiding politics revolution october returned power return buenos_aires returned deputy assembly year constituent assembly assembly promoted customs law imports exceptions machines scientific tools books weapons military supplies organized local mint supply presidency assembly rotated presided april june time assembly outlawed torture repealed noble titles chose official argentine national anthem served briefly second replacing finance minister assembly replaced supreme director office placing powers head state hands person chosen supreme director concerned nearby city royalist control beginning war constant threat buenos_aires complemented existing siege naval blockade expertise instrumental developed military strategy took care financial aspects drafted report nature costs strength proposed navy captains sailors required planned negotiate american appointed irish admiral lead attack royalist forces finally defeated june brown blamed supply shortages discontent sailors buenos_aires naval tradition people involved naval campaign foreigners result commitment war limited capture instructed brown report directly minister war correspond disagreements continued economic crisis caused war sold captured ships decommissioned navy sold government ships sailors complained received wages reward military victory percentage sale captured ships white blamed resigned end year signing order creation infantry cavalry regiment blamed white unresolved dispute sailors wages declaring arranged white organize payment wages resigned mutiny members administration trial accused abuse power administrative fraud stealing national treasury properties confiscated exiled exile return exile moved france business old associates continued correspondence moved brazilian control time strengthened contacts buenos_aires finally able return buenos_aires law returned buenos_aires avoided political activities concentrated business activities established service buenos_aires france venture failed worked animal buenos_aires appointed consul governor moved strengthen commerce france resigned consul shortly appointment governor returned private business business began fail lived times del sacramento returning buenos_aires committed suicide june surviving member | Juan Larrea (politician) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5776_EdmundAndros | sir december february english colonial administrator north_america governor year existence times served governor provinces new_york east virginia maryland service north_america served tenure new_england authoritarian turbulent views decidedly pro anglican negative quality region home actions new_england resulted overthrow boston revolt considered effective governor new_york virginia enemy prominent figures colonies worked remove office despite managed negotiate treaties establishing long lived peace involving colonies tribes interacted confederacy actions governance generally followed instructions given appointment office received monarchs governments appointed recalled england virginia resumed title longer resided entirely appointed lieutenant governor island served position years died early life born london december father staunch supporter mother sister king sister claimed present surrender royalist stronghold surrender english civil war firm evidence support possible fled mother uncle sir captain cavalry company served winter campaigns denmark including relief copenhagen result experiences gained french swedish dutch remained firm supporter exile charles_ii restoration throne specifically commended family support served death married daughter yorkshire son cousin earl queen closest advisors friend served patron years served english army dutch commissioned major regiment sir sent barbados returned england years later carrying despatches letters governor new_york father died named succeed appointed duke york governor province territory included territories ceded england treaty westminster including present day new_jersey dutch holdings hudson_river renamed new_york_city albany long_island martha charles_ii granted james territory land present day maine rivers intervening dutch territory charles issued new patent james arrived new_york harbor late october negotiated dutch territories local representatives dutch governor took place november agreed confirm existing property holdings allow dutch inhabitants territory maintain protestant religion connecticut boundary dispute involved boundary disputes neighboring connecticut colony dutch claims originally extended far east claims ceded treaty reduced boundary line miles east hudson york territorial claim acknowledge announced connecticut authorities intentions reclaim territory included connecticut capital early connecticut leaders pointed later revisions connecticut boundaries pressed claim arguing revisions superseded york grant outbreak king philip war july excuse ship connecticut small military force establish duke claim arrived mouth river july found fort occupied connecticut militia flying english flag came ashore brief conversation fort commander read commission returned new_york_city extent attempt claim territory remembered connecticut later attempts assert new_york authority king philip war following connecticut expedition traveled country establish relations received agreed continue dutch practice supplying firearms action successfully french diplomatic successes led charges new_england provided arms indians allied king philip leader known english fact provided gunpowder rhode_island great swamp fight december specifically outlawed sale munitions tribes known allied philip charges poisoned atmosphere massachusetts leaders conduct met approval london meeting given refer new_york governor way french governor dubbed consequence establishment albany colonial department indian affairs head philip known western massachusetts winter accused suggests philip purpose draw conflict instead draw conflict view attacking albany offer send new_york troops massachusetts attack philip rebuffed based idea covert ploy assert authority instead albany area battle philip driving eastward connecticut authorities later appealed assistance replied strange considering previous behavior refused help july established haven indian war refugees conflict came end southern new_england continued friction northern new_england english settlers prompted send force duke territory maine established fort present day bristol annoyed massachusetts fishermen restricting use duke land drying fish november departed england spend year visit reward performance governor sat meetings agents massachusetts bay defended charter gave detailed accounts state colony southern border disputes southernmost territories duke roughly encompassing northern delaware desired baron baltimore sought extend reach province maryland area time seeking end frontier war north having persuaded intervening maryland territory furthermore dominated delaware bay unhappy lands virginia maryland settlers war groups imminent dutch retook new_york came new_york moved stabilize situation befriended chiefs convincing act english tribes peace appeared imminent bacon rebellion broke maryland resulting attack fort surviving fort night making way east delaware bay june offered exchange moving jurisdiction protect enemies maryland settlers extended offer given settle offers received maryland authorities unable convince indian allies peace offered organized march delaware goal strengthening maryland claim area responded urging retreat new_york maryland reach delivering strongly threat maryland acknowledge sovereignty offered services pointing absence left maryland settlements open direct attack council held village site present day philadelphia february march major parties met final agreements reached ordered remaining disperse parts new_york april maryland sent new_york engage eventually peace talks time sent lay plots land claimed new_york delaware bay instructed offer essence bribe indian peace reached exchange land refused bribe ended compelled negotiate peace agreed negotiations followed albany summer considered foundations set alliances treaties called unable prevent baltimore granting land delaware successfully blunt maryland leader attempt control greater portion land duke eventually lands state delaware control governance created problems james awarded territory west hudson_river berkeley western portion known partnership berkeley transferred rights group exact nature rights james given berkeley disputed james believed second patent granted earlier grants berkeley resulted conflict attempted extend government territory governed behalf cousin philip possibly based orders given visit england began assert new_york authority death despite friendly personal relationship governor issue governance eventually prompted arrested dispute collection customs duties ports jersey hudson sent company soldiers home according account incident beaten troops jailed new_york trial presided acquitted jury charges returned new_jersey injuries sustained arrest affected health died aftermath incident duke york surrendered claims contentious occurred settlers sent sought establish new_jersey insisted right settle duke permission agreed allow settlement agreed receive commissions falling authority new_york gubernatorial administration situation permanently resolved york renounced favor penn remaining claims recall analysis political opponents colony brought number charges duke york accusations dutch businessmen engaging business private gain duke statements duke claimed revenues lower addition complaints led duke order england explain situation left province january charging administration new_york government expecting short visit england wife remained new_york time new_york thought demonstrated good administrative abilities manner considered opponents colonists numerous enemies tenure governor appointed governor arrived boston december immediately assumed power commission called governance council initial composition council included representatives colonies dominion absorbed travel fact travel costs council dominated representatives massachusetts plymouth insisted govern assembly expressed concern commission drafted brief work sir historian attested fact certain policies assembly legislators proven inefficient dominion initially consisted territories including present day maine rhode_island connecticut new_hampshire extended include new_york east wife joined boston died long arrival church_of_england shortly arrival asked churches boston services church_of_england rebuffed demanded given keys church services held auspices king chapel built actions highlighted pro anglican eyes local later accuse involvement plot revenue laws council engaged lengthy process dominion english laws work consumed great time march issued proclamation stating pre existing laws remain effect revised massachusetts pre existing tax laws scheme taxation created apply entire dominion developed committee landowners proposal derived revenues import duties principally alcohol debate different proposal abruptly proposed adopted essentially reviving previous massachusetts tax laws laws unpopular farmers felt taxes livestock high bring immediate revenue received approval increase import duties alcohol attempts enforce revenue laws met stiff resistance number massachusetts communities towns refused choose commissioners assess town population estates officials number consequently arrested brought boston fined released imprisoned promised perform duties leaders vocal opposition law tried convicted offenses provinces resist new law rhode_island rates higher previous colonial administration plymouth relatively poor landowners hard hit high rates livestock funds derived sources profit individual towns directed dominion government town meeting laws consequence tax protest sought restrict town meetings protest begun introduced law limited meetings single annual meeting solely purpose officials explicitly banning meetings times reason loss local power widely hated protests town meeting tax laws violations guaranteed taxation representatives people noted complaints colonial charter excluded large numbers voters requirement church membership land title reform instructed bring colonial land title practices line england introduce quit means raising colonial revenues titles previously issued massachusetts new_hampshire maine colonial administration suffered defects form example lacking imprint colonial seal include quit rent payment land grants colonial connecticut rhode_island colony charter conflicting claims number areas manner approached issue necessarily divisive threatened landowner title way dubious landowners went confirmation process refused want face possibility losing land viewed process land grab plymouth massachusetts extensive existing land titles massachusetts granted vacated colonial charter essentially declared void required landowners ownership paying fees dominion subject charging quit rent attempted certification ownership issuing intrusion large landowners owned parcels contested individually lands connecticut charter commission included connecticut asked connecticut governor surrender colonial charter long arrival boston unlike rhode_island officials readily dominion connecticut officials formally acknowledged authority little assist continued run government according charter holding quarterly meetings legislature colony wide officials treat negotiated surrender charter october finally decided travel connecticut personally matter accompanied honour guard arrived october met evening colonial leadership according legend meeting charter laid table lights room unexpectedly went charter disappeared charter said hidden nearby oak tree referred afterward charter oak search nearby buildings locate document truth account connecticut records government formally surrendered seals ceased operation day traveled colony making judicial appointments returning boston december dominion council formally extended laws connecticut completing new_england colonies provinces new_york added dominion remote boston seat new_york run lieutenant governor new_york_city army captain protégé colonial secretary came boston early honor guard promoted council summer traveled new_york establish commission dominion governance complicated fact charters revoked retained property petitioned traditional rights dominion period relatively uneventful distance power centers unexpected end dominion indian diplomacy governor new france launched attack villages western new_york objective disrupt trade english albany confederation belonged break peace negotiated governor new_york new_york governor appealed help king james ordered render assistance james entered negotiations france resulted tensions northwestern frontier new_england northeastern frontier grievances english settlers began offensive early expedition maine early year raided number indian settlements raided trading outpost home careful preservation chapel source later accusations took administration new_york august met albany renew meeting annoyed referring children implying english implying equality returned boston amid attacks new_england frontier parties admitted french encouragement presence new_york situation maine deteriorated english colonists raiding indian villages taking prisoners actions taken accordance directive issued dominion remaining boston ordered frontier militia commanders custody suspected participating raids directive sparked problem maine including women children taken custody colonial militia local authorities faced dilemma housing captives shipping boston natives area seized english hostages ensure safe return captives acts ordered indians released returned maine brief skirmish process exchanging captives resulted deaths english hostages sparked discontent maine faced returned maine significant force began construction additional fortifications protect settlers spent winter maine returned boston march hearing rumors revolution england discontent boston revolt april soon news reached boston overthrow colonists boston rose rule organized mob descended city arresting dominion officials quarters garrison house south city number officials took refuge old massachusetts colonial leadership restored rebellion headed governor summoned governor surrender safety mob claimed wholly ignorant refused instead tried escape rose sole element royal_navy present near boston time revolt boat sent rose intercepted militia forced negotiations ensued agreed leave fort meet rebel council promised safe conduct marched guard council assembled told government hands arrest taken home dominion treasurer held close watch fell rebel hands 19th moved usher house confined dominion officials june transferred period captivity said attempted escape dressed women clothing story circulated widely disputed anglican minister claimed story foundation truth lies propagated render people successful escape august servant drink managed flee rhode_island quickly recaptured kept virtual solitary confinement held months sent england trial massachusetts agents london refused sign charges court dismissed freed questioned accusations pointed actions taken bring colonial laws english law specifically taken pursuit commission instructions captivity new_york government lieutenant governor simultaneously deposed military faction led event came known rebellion govern new_york captured executed force led newly appointed provincial governor eventually allowed depart england point effectively ceased exist colonies dominion having reverted previous forms governance massachusetts surrounding territories reorganized governor virginia received court return england king particular recalled visited court netherlands expressed approval service search employment offered services spy offering idea going paris ostensibly meet exiled james actually attempt acquire french military plans plan rejected england married second time july widow connected marriage wife family opportunity employment came resignation february lord governor dominion lieutenant governor serving lieutenant governor virginia sought superior position william awarded governorship awarded lieutenant governorship time maryland destined tenure difficult relationship deteriorated reasons exact reasons unclear contemporary wrote especially resented sir particular account earlier dealings arrived virginia september began duties week later received long sailed england settled future site live worked organize provincial records maintenance suffered bacon rebellion promoted enforcement laws designed prevent slave rebellions encouraged virginia economy entirely dependent tobacco export oriented economy badly hurt ongoing years war merchant ships required travel convoys years virginia receive military escorts products going market europe encouraged introduction new crops like cotton manufacture fabric virginia colonial posting work local assembly relationship generally encountered resistance especially measures related war colonial defenses hired armed vessels patrol colony waters contributed financially new_york colonial defenses formed possibility french indian incursions virginia ordered king send troops new_york reluctantly appropriated management colonial defense indian relations successful virginia unlike new_york new_england attacked war tenure enemy prominent anglican minister blair working establish new college anglican ministers believed supportive idea blair worked closely idea coming maryland meetings subject men united dislike activities helped cause resignation mary founded despite blair claims donated cost bricks construct college chapel funds convinced approve funding year college blair complaints vague inaccurate way london proceedings conduct began ecclesiastical courts church_of_england lost support whig faction came power advocates unable sway board favor anglican bishops supported blair march complaining fatigue illness asked recalled later years recall announced london replaced returned england resumed post divided time london house second wife died married time queen anne named lieutenant governor post held died london february buried anne church wife died buried nearby church destroyed second world war longer trace graves issue wives legacy remains notorious figure new_england especially connecticut connecticut officially list colonial governors portrait hangs state capitol disliked colonies recognized england effective administrator implementing policies ordered carry advancing crown agenda biographer notes accomplished statesman brave soldier polished devoted servant style arbitrary lacked difficulty reaching similarly featured antagonist novel captain nelson described romance colonial days appears episodes witch pond conflict connecticut colonists forms background protagonist personal problems believed bahamas named early bahamas included members wife family | Edmund Andros | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
5828_JanWillemSpruyt | jan july netherlands september known jan south african civil servant lawyer statesman dutch descent government secretary times acting state president state secretary grew netherlands studied law complete studies worked coming south_africa practised law agent private practice boer soon arrival quickly enrolled administration attained powerful position government secretary capacity stood state president times period quarter nineteenth century politicians government officials served boer finished career state secretary biography early life migration son dutch medical doctor families stood tradition medical practice brothers doctors netherlands trained lawyer probably finish studies went work village north netherlands professor recruited south_africa group interested development good education new boer settlements south_africa dutch immigrants settled new boer middle nineteenth century arriving ship later known figure south_africa travel companions fellow migrants der travelled cart march appointed town disputes specifically der settled moved established civil servant worked clerk capacity acted secretary occasions september february filling government secretary strength capacities appointed clerk state president september soon illness government secretary took position october appointed vacancy succeeded government secretary regarded colleagues accurate civil servant lesser politician statesman reason appointed president state president went leave trusted fully allowed represent presidency meetings occasions later acted state president president general opinion man lesser qualities resignation praised state president loyal accurate work civil servant impact nascent state apparatus designed coat arms state laid foundation model state later years having worked functions state president clerk servant parliament government state left clear mark early administration organisation sensitive good labour relations state apparatus propagated rise officials salaries succeed eventually matter salaries instigated resignation felt salary insufficient live family resignation law agent publisher state secretary resignation established law agent acted publisher dutch language weekly paper den times political newspaper started competitor english language newspaper friend declared subsequently moved government appointed state secretary november advice state president appointment lasted till returned private law practice established territory conquered war kept following late possessions including building complex publicly sold minute sum money efforts regain public position failed returned allowed work law agent lower courts known popular set successful law practice end life kept healthy interest affairs state especially land cases period life lived died visit aged family married december originating cape colony couple sons daughters emma william elizabeth catherine literature january president den van der jan | Jan Willem Spruyt | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6075_JoséMaríaCaroMartínez | spanish pronunciation november chilean politician civil servant unanimously elected mayor francisco reyes respectively elected second magistrate previously served years administrator san 13th san department comprised district year lasted qualified journalist local historian history terms constructed roads connected capital department founded schools parts current resigned completed fourth mayoral term mayor succeeded held office non consecutive terms father roman_catholic_church terms december 8th mayor following resignation lawyer served acting judge chilean cities early life born current region exact birth date unknown books parish baptism records burnt fire family devout catholics described having profound christian faith members devotion christian duties child shaped personality duties according article newspaper personality robust youth faced accident consequences stood death like father dedicated life agricultural activities managed raise small fortune served years administrator property administration rich possessed cows produced yearly thousand sacks wheat kilograms family lived area 1880s moved nearby village lived death active member parish according journalist archives published yearly elected steward years political career member appointed party leaders perpetual president party seat appointed president 13th san department comprised district territory current held position succeeded december created spanish written new comprised districts extensive department local government established march preparatory meeting held create organisation charge elections elected president meeting later year municipal meeting municipal held meeting aged unanimously elected mayor creation francisco reyes elected respectively immediately election created local police force constructed roads special attention connect central area department specifically capital chile project constructed bridge known connecting town founded schools area located include schools trinidad current territory central works include grant chilean design plans construction railway installation water tank located house municipal secretary additionally government determined urban limits gave help victims heavy hit area time brought forces scare away local farms repairs roads trinidad elected mayor year fourth term expired decided resign office took position following resignation mayor held office year month described historian municipal life described biographer son individual public spirit leadership skills according article published longest history later life death legacy according article following retirement politics stayed favour led appears newspaper published printed editions edition newspaper dated january article states awarded held previous day headquarters newspaper late september early october ill unspecified disease days later night november won strong physique provoked death age subsequently cremated buried wife died age august constructed son located churchyard eighty years death december government mayor decreed celebrations centennial creation renaming streets original names caused confusion repeated streets new names relevant people local history result street neighborhood renamed street honour mayor family married february chapel couple children born catholic priest served archbishop death like father involved politics serving terms december 8th mayor following resignation run deputy seat francisco held office president appointed mayor lawyer served acting judge amid served secretary treasurer | José María Caro Martínez | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6182_Nasibal-Bakri | syrian politician nationalist leader half 20th century played major role establishing underground organization sought independence unity ottoman_empire arab territories chief envoy based close aide following success arab revolt opposed establishment french mandate syria chief commanders leading rebels brief capture damascus escaped death warrant syria returned following year served representative damascus main general strike vice president defected join party post independence period appointed syria ambassador jordan resigned protest seizure power following year president retired early life born damascus father second oldest sons influential official city district councils damascus 1890s prominent arabs serve imperial ottoman court constantinople family muslims claimed descent islamic prophet muhammad landowners possessing lands homes commercial venues native quarter village countryside damascus owned land village outside damascus maintained good relations local chiefs overthrown lost favor central authorities deposed sultan criticized revolutionary officers consequently family realigned arab nationalists syria opposed increased turkish nationalist efforts arabic speaking territories empire developed close ties hosted brother son damascus home attended preparatory school damascus attracted children elite produced future arab nationalists graduated son visited syria early lodged summer house outside damascus prior brothers joined movement underground society advocating arab independence ottomans movement secretary leader syrian independence movement hosted country house invited join reportedly agreed time organized meeting members chiefs intention gaining support planned arab rebellion ottomans launched uprisings ottomans prior meeting concluded offering nationalists backing short military support meeting kind afterward appointed personal secretary envoy post serve summer amid world war launched great arab revolt ottomans backing british military joined revolt moved served channel based damascus forces leading uprising ottomans defeated arab british forces reached damascus soon served advisers year founded legal political party syria pan independence sought unify ottoman held arab territories leadership period member representative damascus france invaded began occupying syria following battle july exiled kingdom left authority brother later serve aide position held years returning syria french issued amnesty political return member actively sought french authorities syria align country ruling iraq driven role great syrian revolt summer saw beginning great syrian revolt launched arab region southern syria men destroyed french column received letter july calling nationalists damascus join revolt subsequently joined following french defeat battle august began working chief advance revolt parts country outside set meeting damascus based nationalists home sides agreed work french syria following meeting conferred agreed bring damascus revolt initial attempt men headed damascus launch attack french forces assembled armed volunteers neighborhoods villages damascus including maintained particularly close ties local boss friend family early august urging formed militia effective rebel bands country french authorities informed nationalist rebel plans began wide scale arrest campaign city august nearly damascus nationalist leaders brothers managed evade arrest participated attacks alongside warriors french positions offices rebel commanders damascus respected fighting rebels french forces escalated devised operation control damascus french capturing citadel palace housed city french garrison housed french mandate high commissioner requested reinforcements men occupied fighting notified help delayed decided ahead nonetheless october assembled group group rebels inside damascus day launched operation men managed capture palace police station led band fighters base raid armenian refugee camp killing armenian refugees rebels accused typically allied french authorities participating french military assaults villages preceding weeks attacking forces swept city capturing police stations captured neighborhood forces increased size enthusiastic joined attacks damascus time rebel assault ordered aerial bombardment city leading destruction neighborhoods deaths hundreds damascus residents october rebels routed escaped target criticism rebel leaders said stated sought personal glory decided prematurely launch attack small numbers armed volunteers instead waiting arrival reinforcements numbered member damascus nationalist elite directly participate fighting ground early december chaired meeting rebel leaders village meeting launched scathing criticism rebel commander condemning heavy fines fees residents villages captured rebels taxes entirely directed major landowners city peasants defended skilled commander criticized leadership accused holding secret ambitions nonetheless ally managed expelled rebellion meeting stripped arms insignia subsequent french bombardment allowed escape punishment killed french raid weeks later defected french following expulsion younger brother killed action politician french mandatory rule revolt dissipated june sentenced death french military tribunal consequently fled march brother french authorities family properties bombed french revolt restored according historian inclusion amnesty list surprising reasons maintained strong relationship france chief rivals region british patrons held influence bosses popular quarters damascus french sought divide ranks rebels nationalist politicians leaders like relations subsequently grew tense accused funds revolt personal ventures founded national political party sought use diplomatic means end french rule helping draft constitution appointed vice president successfully ran parliament representative damascus national ticket winning run vote large margin january syrian nationalist sentiments french authorities suspended parliament appointed pro french president following arrest nationalist leaders general strike declared president speeches denouncing arrests including students local youths gathered home coordinated march french government headquarters protests led confronted security forces leaving street january led sermon mosque calling calm attendance nonetheless left attack french police station withdrawing mosque killed following day led funeral procession attended thousands mid february unrest spread syria authorities clashed syrian protesters cities commander levant declared martial law forbade public assemblies arrested deported february went win election seat president chief leader following year appointed serve governor defected join rival led colleague short lived cabinet prime minister justice minister prime minister cabinet served national economy agriculture minister post independence career syria independent joined pro western arab nationalist president assigned ambassador jordan ruled refused post saudi_arabia government opposed following seizure presidency resigned stepped president unsuccessful establishing significant support base damascus resigned political life april died | Nasib al-Bakri | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6191_EdwinMaxwell(attorneygeneral) | attorney general july february american lawyer judge politician state west_virginia served attorney general west_virginia associate justice elected west_virginia senate west virginia house delegates born virginia present day west_virginia raised farm age despite father plans carpenter studied uncle representative admitted bar relocated served terms commonwealth attorney moved established law partnership later joined support union american_civil_war movement west_virginia following state creation began political career elected serve inaugural session west_virginia senate served chairman chaired senate committee proposed state constitutional amendment known amendment aimed remove citizenship rights returning west_virginia governor appointed attorney general west_virginia fall elected served ran unsuccessfully election bench unsuccessful gubernatorial candidate gubernatorial campaign known moniker old honesty elected member west_virginia senate representing district serving subsequently twice elected west virginia house delegates representing served chairman terms died pneumonia serving session charleston time death age oldest member early life law career born july virginia present day west_virginia son wife father grandson thomas english scottish ancestry mother grandson col siblings john jane brother uncle west_virginia historian father carpenter farmer initially selected trade son father regularly relied residential construction projects family relocated farm mile remained years old received primary education local schools despite father initial plans carpenter studied uncle united_states house representative virginia admitted bar june began practice law soon early years legal career provided legal services counties relocated established law practice practicing served terms commonwealth attorney named authorized superintendent receive capital stock assembly permitted establishment bank branch march march seeking expand law practice wanting greater opportunities advancement moved established law partnership creating law practice offered legal services clients taylor counties joined law partnership known later judge served united_states senator west_virginia political judicial careers despite early resolution allow politics legal career support union american_civil_war movement west_virginia priorities political affiliation republican actively involved formation state west_virginia weeks prior state creation june year began political career elected represent district inaugural session west_virginia senate june tenure senate lasted served chairman position chairman played prominent role passage state earliest legislation chairman senate committee drafted proposed amendment constitution west_virginia known amendment aimed remove citizenship rights returning west_virginia following war favored banning voting opposed complete amendment came known notable uncovered increasing tensions west_virginia coalition january appointed attorney general west_virginia republican west_virginia governor replace served state attorney general december year march appointed replace hall circuit judge served capacity january law partnership operation autumn elected justices chosen early leadership depended defend new state virginia sympathies uphold cause serving court major issues faced justices primarily involved post war reconstruction state served associate justice supreme_court january december democrats swept power state constitution rewritten went effect year state new constitution meant term finished end court served associate justice short lived administered oath office state democratic governor term associated justice ruled state cases involved questions west_virginia earliest statutes following tenure state supreme_court returned practice law ran unsuccessfully election represent district west_virginia senate state convention west july nominated candidate associate supreme court unsuccessful electoral bid following vacancy bench supreme_court united_states december named possible candidate associate nominated ran election candidate west_virginia gubernatorial election democrat gubernatorial campaign dubbed old honesty media wilson defeated votes election results mirrored republican candidates state office lost margins varying thousand votes election elected serve west_virginia senate representing district comprising counties received votes compared democratic opponent elected position served senate tenure senate elected chairman served roads committees term december selected opponent governor wilson commissioners represent west_virginia centennial celebration inauguration george_washington elected member west virginia house delegates alongside representing serving served chairman elected alongside served house death served following standing committees judiciary human institutions public buildings rules january nominated west virginia republican_party caucus fill short term vacancy created death senator nominated party fill long term vacant senate seat democrat subsequently elected fill remainder term later life death following graduation son joined law practice brief bout pneumonia died february local time time death charleston session west virginia legislature oldest member age son ran election father house delegates seat served position personal life family married april daughter captain wife following marriage resided wife sons married march october december married june | Edwin Maxwell (attorney general) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6204_MaríaSantosGorrostietaSalazar | november mexican physician politician served mayor small town mexican state spite failed assassination attempts tenure mayor continued outspoken fight organized crime fourth attack kidnapped assassinated suspected drug november home violent drug trafficking organizations career born small town state mexico attended san earned phd medicine began political career joining served mayor office survived assassination attempts ran elected returned office mayor differences urged resign left party joined august said catholic faith influenced approach duties politician described heroine 21st century opposition mexico drug refusing bribes children husband killed october attack later married assassination attempts background elected mayor drug trafficking organizations particularly based area leading producer marijuana poppy making lucrative route taking united_states despite receiving threats publicly denounced activities groups drug constantly fighting territorial control target confront corrupted mexico municipalities far capital cities lack amenities available parts country areas plagued drug related violence political parties faced difficulties finding people interested holding post mayor launched country military led operation ongoing drug war days took office december military campaign spread states mexico eventually including federal agents years past taking passive stance drug decided time government muscles violence exploded country leaving death toll years numerous journalists killed start drug war members federal police accused human rights abuses causing forced organized crime groups criminal longer focusing solely drug trafficking operate kidnapping rings protection engage piracy human trafficking force local population pay protection spy report suspicious activities law enforcement presence argued acted mexico state drug trafficking organizations impose law sure tomorrow remember days moment country took decision defend force criminal phenomenon dimensions said november ceremony fallen soldiers successor pledged continue fight plans adjust strategy reduce level violence attacks january months took office husband travelling near rural community automobile ran road incident gunmen threatened shooting air warning resign late january rural area couple attacked armed received minor injuries prevent continuing public lives attack occurred october ambushed driving husband group armed men opened fire left vehicle phone ran protect husband shot died day gunshot wounds survived gunmen believed dead months later announced willing work returned duties mayor contacted leaders ask protection encountered difficulties including unanswered phone calls attack january attacked armed men guerrero returning local event people severely injured bullet wounds abdomen chest leg taken local hospital injured driver vehicle shot twice head journalist addition bullet wounds suffered injuries vehicle crashed shooting wounds left constant pain use bag refused resign post mayor publicly displayed wounds photographs published issue magazine repeated statement continue work wanted wounded mutilated body ashamed result marked life living testimony strong woman despite physical mental wounds continues standing left joined august stating supported attacks ran election failed elected end term mayor retired politics returned private life remarried dedicated time raise children police protection came end mayoral term expired assassination november driving daughter school vehicle ran road armed men descended vehicle forced car watched pleaded let daughter unharmed agreed family mayor initially thought ransom kidnapping hearing days notified police november police identified body farm workers rural community found corpse way work post reports indicated died traumatic brain injury result severe blows head governor said organized crime undoubtedly involved buried alongside husband tomb local cemetery hometown | María Santos Gorrostieta Salazar | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6375_JosephBrittan | january october surgeon newspaper editor provincial councillor dominant figures early new_zealand born middle class family southern england caused scandal marrying deceased wife sister unusual time responded followed younger brother wife arrived february children soon got involved usual activities early settlers gained prominence bought acres july took east converted farmland built family residence suburb subsequently named farm homestead members family devout close association neighbouring lay reader son law married surviving daughter mary elected canterbury superintendent months death member years served provincial secretary expected succeed second superintendent canterbury province beaten october established newspaper canterbury existed years shortly death speaker biting sarcastic character disliked feared later life suffered frequent financial trouble died homestead october long period declining health early life born january bristol england respectable middle class family originated bristol father listed heading traders agent fire office brother lived point hampshire wife seven children died infancy wife died weeks birth death child surviving children joseph joe arthur mary frank married deceased wife sister second wife legal england acceptable church_of_england intended marry denmark legal necessary documents application eventually collected lord mayor london september reason wedding performed scotland unusual time having caused scandal responded newly month ceremony sailed new_zealand sister law children left deal kent october younger brother known guise immigrated earlier aboard sir guise married sister joseph wives time melbourne married sisters wife children travel instead daughters came family board livestock brought including devon cow ducks rabbits journey performed duties ship surgeon ship chaplain produced play merchant venice contribution invite women act female roles unusual time hot topic conversation causing great amusement arriving february immigrants find live slept tents open sky fortunate house street arranged guise like everybody heading ship way port hills follow steep path reach city carried possessions possible following months sea fitness poor remainder possessions shipped coast dangerous undertaking sand bar located entrance estuary life new_zealand small settlement buildings early doctors services area required instead followed brother interest involved land speculation bought rural section triangular piece land acres later called avenue northern tip land touching leased adjacent later purchased total property acres addition land owned converted land farming acres set aside homestead garden orchard called property place hampshire ready family moved home street adjacent farm time church february anglican church canterbury consecrated read lesson service entire family close connection church helping raise money construction singing church choir attended church sundays taken construction pledged generous interests immediately arriving joined activities played cricket fortnight reaching later helped improve grounds raised money fencing area pursued horse racing later bred horses hosted canterbury farm enjoyed music play piano brought england joseph played portable joined musical group port town early years culturally important walked path instrument musical evenings held home newspaper emigrated joseph guise newspaper covering outlying areas new country continued line work founder proprietor editor published advertisement announcing new paper appeared august owned paper published june newspaper canterbury following published short lived guardian published months member syndicate february attempted ownership newspaper press founded previous year deed association press drafted surprisingly deed executed months later political colleague funds sole owner called later interest press declared opposition proposal connect rail tunnel project strongly opposed school christ college listed major writers press early years prolonged absence acting editor press sold auction press days april stopped publication political career elections held new_zealand second half levels government introduced house_of_representatives national level provinces stood public office membership expanded seats available resident street stood town electorate positions filled weeks campaigning filled newspapers candidates language accused public houses nomination meeting held march market square nominated declared elected led provincial secretary resigned province superintendent tasked form new succeeded hall provincial secretary attending session 2nd parliament resigned provincial secretary february succeeded remained end term july seek election later resigned parliament advice doctors decided seek election provincial superintendent offered available election result resignation parliament electorate replied absent private affairs parliament time met session lasted april august required absence home months instead editor proprietor person nominated declared elected public generally expected succeed superintendent candidate position published political views long letter appeared editions weekly period months announced candidacy months later experienced polished public speaker visited election campaign remarked man idea building central issue election campaign strong proponent project whilst opposed received support position residents evidenced results election residents canterbury including candidates received votes residents overall results victory votes later began project turning july october election victory support skilled regarded reputation best dinner speaker following january resignation parliament spearheaded broadly supported influential people available resulting election electorate declined opposed rail tunnel scheme overwhelming support population representative disagreed popular public opinion earlier supported elected august nomination meeting held election canterbury superintendent fill positions available electorate returned unopposed superintendent candidates nominated election held day topped polls votes followed men elected defeated months council election scheduled seven candidates nominated positions available electorate election topped poll elected elected september year announced resignation citing declining health thought loss son earlier year factor succeeded elected unopposed later mayor publicly thanked nomination meeting years service given appointed resident magistrate succeeding declining health position resigned months succeeded family death legacy children survived childhood wife eldest son joe appears simple mind tasked important roles later lived regarded burden family younger brothers arthur frank sent christ college mary likely educated privately home aunt private opened attended family moved mary continued school tragedy struck january drowned learning swim got introduced took half hour body recovered arthur left school helping father farm indications went period depression soon drowning advertised sale property transaction recorded time provincial secretary proposed early time joseph opposed marriage surprising given intelligent educated successful higher social standing thought old daughter young marry want lose daughter effect running household entertaining guests ill look tasks despite parental objections engagement announced soon offered accepted role secretary requiring wellington wedding went ahead newly moved capital ill health dominant issue life problems suffering frequent financial trouble health declined family financial affairs debts joseph knew tried financial advice ignored died october buried son arthur died august buried near husband oldest son joseph died inscription placed father grave stone daughter biographer great granddaughter described man ability polished speaker biting sarcastic manner feared disliked obituary described speaker took high rank possessing force expression power statement readiness debate exceptions council street named appeared street fronted avenue registered class heritage building change classification system later later listing significantly damaged september february earthquakes ordered building demolition march carried later year | Joseph Brittan | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6516_HenryVanetheYounger | younger sir baptised march june son henry elder referred distinguish father english politician statesman colonial governor briefly present north_america serving term governor massachusetts bay colony supported creation rhode_island colony proponent religious tolerance returned england following controversy led banning massachusetts leading english civil war worked closely played execution king charles refused expressed approval act served functioned government executive split issues governance removed power dissolved parliament returned power short lived commonwealth period arrested orders king charles_ii following restoration throne long debate act denied amnesty granted people roles civil war formally granted charles_ii charged high treason parliament court proceeding denied counsel opportunity properly prepare defence convicted partisan jury charles withdrew earlier beheaded tower hill june recognised political peers competent administrator politician politics driven desire religious tolerance era governments establish official churches suppress views views small minority able successfully build advance agenda actions ultimately divisive contributed rise downfall books pamphlets written political religious subjects analyzed today remembered massachusetts rhode_island early champion religious freedom early life baptised essex eldest child sir elder came landed gentry came minor nobility elder family money purchase positions court rising educated classmates included men figure prominently english politics friend biographer wrote ignorant god temperament acceptable good religious awakening company came parting blow enrolled hall oxford studied spite refusal necessary traveled europe reported studying possibly france geneva father upset open adoption views fearing opportunities advancement court sent young vienna assistant english ambassador apparently privileged role writings time include messages written french trip elder sent negotiate swedish alliance king charles act matter meant effort vain introduced king returning england encouraged father seek position chamber father engaged numerous attempts views success order worship chose decided new world joining migration new_england left arriving boston october ship carrying younger elder described young gentleman excellent parts following month admitted freeman colony began playing role judicial administration deciding legal disputes sufficient merit heard court instrumental resolution dispute elder concerning matters judicial conduct spring elected governor colony succeeding situation faced complex issues religious political military fronts biographers describe term office disastrous colony split actions beliefs come husband children colony began holding bible sessions home gaining wide audience sharing opinions colonial leaders labeled view existing laws practices necessary salvation older colonial leadership including espoused view supporter influential pastor faction propelled governor seat immediately alienated colonists insisting flying english flag boston fort flag recently subject controversy depiction seen colonists symbol cut cross salem militia flag popularity went learned december issues england requiring presence attempted resign court assistants accepted resignation withdrew request congregation boston church tenure dispute tribe present day southeastern connecticut boiled war boat massachusetts trader named found near overrun indians examination indians fled uncovered body board attackers time believed tribes affiliated leaders claimed responsible fled protection aggressively dealings surrounding native tribes including generally kept peace nearby english colonists massachusetts authorities angry failed turn men implicated killing trader led calls action despite fact warned likely responsible governor august placed head man force extract justice heavy handed expedition little destroy settlements sparked military backlash struck settlements recently established colonists massachusetts colony younger april ostensibly called session general court authorized colonial militia assist new_england colonies continuing war resulted destruction tribal entity lost position elder election contentious election marked sharp disagreement treatment supporter won location vote moved cambridge reducing power boston support aftermath election trial eventually banished colony followers seriously considered leaving election urging people including founded settlement portsmouth later named rhode_island joined providence form colony rhode_island decided return england apparently notion acquire royal governorship colonial administration departure published brief answer certain declaration response defense act exclusion act passed election restrict immigration people views colony religious despite political differences developed relationship following years legacy time new world includes colonial legislation establishment institute higher learning known harvard_university support acquisition local indians resulted formal beginnings rhode_island surviving accounts provide funds acquisition williams credits instrument hand god island according historian experiences massachusetts significantly religious views came believe clergy types including ministers second beast revelations pretending visible conviction drove political activities england sought minimize power influence types clergy writes guiding principles religious policy rooted distrust clerical power bishops belief state interference church matters altogether stance seen way rhode_island patent drafted sat parliamentary committee charged colonial affairs unique early english colonial charters contains provisions freedom religion assisted sought confirmation rhode_island charter conflicting charter issued return england return england assistance earl northumberland father position treasurer royal_navy position personally highly profitable task collecting hated ship money tax support navy imposed charles parliamentary approval june awarded married daughter sir july father settled family holdings included kent home according biographers relationship anchored shared spiritual goals intimacy happy fulfilling connection admiralty secured election short representing hull formed renewed associations prominent opponents charles policies including noted capable managing great affairs penetrating judgment easy graceful manner speaking like represented younger generation leadership effectively managed affairs identified history included earl lords instrumental execution earl member discovered confidential notes father council meeting passed wording notes interpreted mean proposed charles use england evidence weak failed consequently orchestrated passage bill executed illicit means acquired notes caused rift healed elder eventually came oppose king root branch petition debate december supported radical reforms church_of_england position opposition father amid sea complaints church governance february added committee established previous november draft report state kingdom efforts led introduce root debate bill resulted clear indication parliamentary support church reform wake invaded churches removing images signs speech brought faction claiming governing structure church_of_england corrupt doctrine rome bill died vote august critical matters arose occupy parliament charles went scotland rally scottish forces royalist cause began drafting known historians claimed role drafting language matter disputed way participate debate narrowly passed november document grievances king church served political affairs king refused enact requested reforms return scotland king deprived father son administrative posts revenge roles execution civil war early years months relations king parliament broke completely factions supporting sides took arms parliament returned post treasurer navy connections bring significant naval support parliamentary charles attempted arrest mps charges high treason december june charles rejected nineteen substantive set demands parliament prior outbreak english civil war hostilities began june siege hull given seat oversaw parliamentary military activities failure root parliament called body lay politicians lords clergy purpose reform church governance sat body met periodically lay representatives independent faction long meeting july sent head parliamentary commission seeking military assistance scots scots opposed charles bishop wars religious issues willing assist willing allow extension presbyterian system church england opposed found way agreement proposed agreement covered combination religious political topics called introduced slippery language agreement concerning example best reformed churches language permitted scots believe ideas adopted english interpret mean english independent practices adopted league eventually approved authorities scotland england ireland paved way scottish entry war following success negotiating scottish agreement death end propelled leadership parliament promoted chief member established february point english scottish authorities coordinate war activities sent york june besieged parliament armies urge sir earl manchester divert forces face prince rhine recently taken liverpool properties parliamentary supporters lancashire proposed generals establishment government king idea rejected old guard generals believed charles accommodated found support rising star september acted set grand committee accommodation designed find compromise religious issues dividing sought debate identify religious tolerance behalf exposed opposition created rift pro war led pro peace scots supporters included earl essex failures west england reduced popular support cause military success raised profile realization parliamentary despite previous claims support scots wrote sir solicitor john regard saved nation brought persons height power enjoy use prejudice parliamentary victory peace talks begun november king parliament sent failed attempt negotiate peace seen principal reason failure talks scots charles prepared agree issues church doctrine talks lasted late january february overshadowed execution parliament began discussing reorganization military early november remove poorly performing commanders eliminate regional character existing forces debate principally divided lords supported passage self denying ordinance forbidding military officers serving parliament establishment capable fighting country provisions self denying ordinance extended individuals like held civil service posts included exceptions like turned office charles restored parliament began drawing fees previously refused failed pay half treasurer fees parliament required law following decisive parliamentary victory june phase civil war effectively dragged year charles surrendered scottish army commanders time new political faction began rise military known led populist force favour greater press freedoms opposed privileges aristocracy including existence house_of_lords january amid ongoing peace negotiations charles attempted separate factions proposing letters alliance faction responded pointing preferred rights tender granted parliament king papers exposing king negotiating positions captured largely royalist elements parliament estates spared war father reported visited times suffering damages september succeeded getting parliamentary approval interwar politics end war presbyterian group led sir slightly stronger proceeded introduce legislation hostile views religious tolerance held army apparently came realize presbyterian actions posed threat equal military action having sidelined work mutual distrust held somewhat aristocratic view voting rights reserved gentry attempted negotiate terms favourable charles unsuccessful leader army came work closely presbyterian majority sought army reduce threat issues pay grievances prompted enter negotiations army bitter debate army petition led charge attempting people wanting hold power year forever eventually able army parliamentary purge independent officers followed army ordered parliamentary leaders began negotiating scots return army time oppose english army parliament army orders possibly prompted warning detachment troops seized charles placed comfortable house arrest forced presbyterian leadership meet army demands pay established commission treat army placed presumably influence military negotiations army parliament presbyterian dominated london threatened independent mps fled city august protection army army marched london head seated parliament parliament debated army fixing term powers parliament church governance key terms interest effectively stripped church powers sent charles indicated agreement terms opposition proposed negotiations king proposal split willing negotiate king reverend spoke favor non addresses longer negotiating king particularly critical saying clearly designs poor people slavery november debate continued charles escaped confinement way recaptured imprisoned castle offered proposals scots chose alliance scots violence spread country army maintained peace london war renewed violence country factions armed organized mutiny royal_navy thrust attempts prevent spreading regain support declared charles mid july army regained control england defeated scottish army august battle preston appeared times opposition independent factions having falling quickly healed factions came distrust despite parliamentary representatives negotiations september widely blamed failure negotiations insistence liberty conscience debates late concerning king fate argued parliament constitute government king nation people world forceful speech december suggesting king need eliminated political force opposed including claimed concessions king date sufficient agreement reached suggested dividing house opposition king divided separating gained war financial contributions group speech parliament finally voted december king concessions sufficient opponents abused positions power war profit walker compiled long list mps claimed acted instead walker charged buying sleeping debts owed public purse individuals pursuing payment today substantive way assess validity walker charges december military stepped control matters troops led surrounded systematically arrested arriving mps supportive negotiation king appear day aware going happen stayed away lost vote action known pride purge resulted exclusion mps parliament sat known main order business trial execution process refused attend parliament present spectator trial began january later claimed oppose putting king trial blood continued fulfill duties government posts signing admiralty papers day charles executed commonwealth oliver execution charles house_of_commons voted abolish crown house_of_lords replace executive functions crown established appointed refused seated taking oath particular required expression approval served council committees role committees overseeing military directed supplies conquest ireland leading member committee overseeing navy joined directed affairs naval navy disastrous performance dutch headed committee reformed navy drafting new formally naval law reforms instrumental navy successes later war involved foreign diplomacy going mission france purpose unknown meet traveling scotland organize government victories english civil war active domestic affairs sat committee disposed charles art collection enemies role committees committees sat responsible distribution assets seized government opponents negotiating failed pay taxes government charges enemies engaged work day sit judgment process parliament carried duties executive issue army sought ability act decisively attitude drove wedge pressure new elections parliament began consider proposals electoral reform january committee headed proposal called suffrage allowed basis property ownership specifically sought eliminate number called rotten small numbers voters controlled wealthy patrons proposal called current members republican credentials deemed suitable retain seats fledgling commonwealth mother brought forth clause specifically proposed urging army realised charged implementation able retain power seeking general election opposed scheme sides unable reconcile parliamentary leaders promised april delay action election bill likely sought bill enacted day react alerted supporter interrupted proceedings passed bill bringing troops chamber end debate saying parliament parliament end sitting protested honest morality common honesty shouted response sir sir lord deliver sir ended commonwealth began rule lord protector daily missed courted assistance invited sit council refused effectively retirement wrote retired man published amid rumors rebellion principally work laden religious treatise literal symbolic interpretation biblical scriptures treated contemporaries later analysts including absolutely formed year called fast day consider methods government improved wrote healing question carefully structured political work proposed new form government insisting parliament supreme army encouraged publish shown work wrote words good old cause rallying cry years group republicans healing question seen secretary state attack publication prompted number opposition political groups step activities rumors circulated protests raised fringe religious groups like involvement prompting council issue order july appear ordered post bond prejudice present government peace commonwealth refused arrested shortly afterward imprisoned castle addressed letter extra parliamentary authority assumed released december retirement established religious teaching group resulted group known pastor classified religious wild men cultivated promote political views introduced westminster head supporter defended essay defence good old cause death september son richard succeeded lord protector younger lacked political military skills father political earlier commonwealth began elections called new parliament december attempted prevent election republicans leader republican faction specifically targeted managed win election representing parliament session republicans questioned claim power argued favour limiting spoke veto power packed supporters protector republicans unsuccessful substantive changes formed alliance group republican military officers known party met secretly violation laws enacted limit military participation political matters factions parliament attempts control republican sentiment military forced dissolve parliament april little support military days later following purge supporters military widespread campaign council recalled appointed new council state served commissioner appointment army officers managed foreign affairs examined state government finances found dismal condition work general sent quell booth rebellion royalist uprising august support non mainstream religious views like ensured political downfall officers stripped command parliament october rallied troops marched parliament forcibly committee safety formed composed army including agreed serve feared republican cause destined fail army support committee served december advance general army scotland led melting away military support restoration long parliament taking committee safety expelled vocal objections allies like ordered house arrest castle went february stayed briefly eventually returned house tumultuous year late proposals government structured powers balanced widely debated private public debates parliament publication pamphlets methods promote ideas published balance popular government open letter essentially response treatise describing view government included limitations property ownership legislature elected upper chamber thesis power arose property ownership concentrated land ownership led forms government disagreed arguing instead power came presented somewhat apocalyptic argument support idea supporter stated openly october permanent senators required proposals caused terminal split alliance followers deserted restoration march finally dissolved elections held sat body dominated formally proclaimed charles_ii king restored throne order minimize acts vengeance acts taken parliament passed act terms actions specific exceptions directly involved long debate named exception act passed august arrested july orders king imprisoned tower london parliament passing act petitioned charles grant asking life spared petition granted despite remained tower income estates seized suffered prison unable discharge debts ran transferred isles october order limit access potential conspirators free continued write principally religious themes seeking come terms political state affairs condition according written time power originated god resided primarily people power directive states morality rule obedience hand god original power arises free gift people power hand king people bound fundamental constitution compact king violated people return original right freedom following passed resolution november demanding return tower trial charles january parliament renewed demand moved tower april june charges high treason charles_ii trial began june bench judges headed lord chief justice presiding king attorney general sir typical accused treason denied legal representation defended charges making war king civil war asserting sovereign power parliament accused imagining death king argued possible commit treason king possession crown prosecution argued king possession pointed rendered invalid charges charles_ii exercising power judges stepped point irrelevant jury packed convicted thirty minutes debate attempted appeal conviction tried sign bill exclusion problems saw trial refused informed conduct trial charles_ii felt dangerous man left alive retracted unlike trial thrown mercy court consequently exiled conviction sentenced death hanged drawn charles persuaded grant gentleman death june taken tower hill beheaded noted recorded event long speech times interrupted sheriff taken paper hand let caused books writ given sheriff brought heard prayed fitted received blow crowded issue neck desired hurt changed colour speech died cause stood spoke presently right hand christ things appeared resolved man died manner showed heat gravity asked pray king answered says shall pray king pray god final days peace god carefully prepared speech intended execution order preserve speech gave copies close friends visited days later printed viewed martyr continuing cause thought king lost gained having executed body returned family interred church near family estate kent family wife children sons christopher children succeeded father estates created baron works number speeches parliament bodies printed lifetime shortly including speech intended spoken published printed works include brief answer certain declaration retired man healing question love god union god proceeds protector sir knight balance popular government general face times written title intended case instead cause pilgrimage land promise trial sir knight work contains addition speech details relating trial people case stated valley concerning man life contemporary works incorrectly attributed history rebellion assigns credit speech support later historians find speech probably composition later writer light shining darkness written reputation widely recognized contemporary gifted administrator forceful royalist good words wrote follows unusual aspect men think extraordinary life good imagination credited having possessed extraordinary parts pleasant wit great understanding temper moved debate quick conception sharp expression biography life death sir younger chaplain included written praise presented year religious writings unusual found difficult understand readers varied continue seen today civil war historian comments political ideas religious beliefs barely biographer writes presented witness light advanced setting imminent apocalyptic age spirit reputation height nineteenth century especially united_states english historian wrote acquired dazzling reputation granted public spirit referenced great men included exchange end child history england published early 1850s placed list historical english modern british notes vanguard issues religious freedom small easily defeated minority successors years later responsible solid civil religious freedom adopted constitution marked demolished house blue plaque editing journal wrote heroic life death services freedom significant figure present moment regarded character touches early new_england history personal contact america brief space life american ideas government people principle english speaking men feel especially bound maintain life death contributed cause idea prevail | Henry Vane the Younger | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6538_ElizabethCadyStanton | november october american social activist abolitionist leading figure early women rights movement declaration sentiments presented falls convention held new_york credited initiating organized women rights women suffrage movements united_states president narrowed political focus exclusively women rights active abolitionist husband founder republican_party cousin unlike involved women rights movement addressed issues pertaining women voting rights concerns included women parental custody rights property rights employment income rights divorce economic health family birth control outspoken supporter 19th century movement american_civil_war commitment female suffrage caused women rights movement declined support passage fourteenth united_states_constitution opposed giving added legal protection voting rights african american men women black white denied rights position issue thoughts organized christianity women issues voting rights led formation separate women rights organizations finally rejoined president joint organization approximately years break original women suffrage movement died having authored autobiography eighty years articles pamphlets concerning female suffrage women rights childhood family background eighth children born new_york siblings died early childhood infancy sixth sibling elder brother died age prior graduation new_york sisters lived adulthood old age later life elizabeth named daughters sisters margaret father prominent attorney served term united_states congress later circuit court judge justice judge introduced daughter law brother law planted early seeds grew legal social activism young girl enjoyed father law library debating legal issues law early exposure law caused realize law favored men women particularly married women realization married women virtually property income employment custody rights children helped set course changing mother descendant early dutch settlers daughter colonel officer continental_army american revolution having fought assisted capture major west_point new_york escaped aboard hms vulture planning turn west_point english unusually tall woman time commanding presence routinely described mother daughter remembers grandmother fun lively apparently share memories emotionally devastated loss children fell depression kept fully involved lives surviving children left maternal void childhood mother depressed father contended loss children including eldest son work child responsibilities fell elder sister years senior husband classmate son senator wilmington delaware time engagement marriage apprentice law office instrumental growing understanding explicit implicit gender legal system slavery end july like men day father slave household later freed took care sister margaret makes mention position slave family household remembered particular fondness memoir eighty years things pleasure took attending episcopal church sisters enjoyed sitting church white families congregation immediately fact family owned slave exposure abolition movement young woman visiting cousin new_york led staunch abolitionist sentiments education intellectual development unlike women era formally educated attended studied latin greek mathematics religion science french writing age academy enjoyed educational classes compete academically boys age older won academic awards honors including award greek language memoir credits neighbor strongly encouraging intellectual development academic abilities time felt father writing brother death remembers trying comfort father saying try brother time father response devastated daughter wish boy understanding father valued boys girls took disappointment firm belief abilities father perceived went teach encouraged read widely ultimately bequeathed greek books confirmation intellectual abilities strengthened confidence self esteem graduation received tastes sexual discrimination watched dismay young men graduating surpassed academically went older brother previously taking men enrolled female seminary new_york founded run school renamed honor founder spurred respect despite growing speaker event early student days remembers strongly influenced evangelical preacher central figure movement influence combined childhood caused great hearing speak terrified possibility fear judgment seized soul visions lost haunted dreams mental health reason friends credits father brother law convincing ignore warnings credits taking trip restoring reason sense balance returned organized christianity experience maintained logic humane sense ethics best guides thought behavior marriage family young woman met early involvement abolition movements acquaintance cousin abolitionist member secret supported raid ferry west_virginia journalist marriage attorney despite reservations couple married requesting minister phrase promise obey removed wedding vows later wrote refused obey supposed entering equal relation couple children seventh child robert baby born soon returning united_states european honeymoon moved household studied law father law moved boston massachusetts henry joined law firm living boston elizabeth thoroughly enjoyed social political intellectual came constant round abolitionist gatherings meetings enjoyed company influenced people marriage eventual took husband surname signing refused addressed asserting women individual persons stated custom calling women john tom colored men founded principle white men lords marriage entirely tension disagreement like disagreed notion female suffrage employment travel financial considerations husband wife lived apart friends couple found similar temperament ambition views certain issues including women rights abolitionist reformer elizabeth letter henry greatly needs humble holy companion thou considered marriage overall success marriage lasted years ending death concerned effect new_england winters fragile health moved boston new_york situated northern end finger lakes found upstate new_york house purchased located distance town couple children sons daughters born asserting children conceived program called voluntary era commonly held wife submit husband sexual demands firmly believed women command sexual relationships mother advocated freedom expression lots outdoor activity solid highly academic education children breadth interests activities learning sons daughters remembered daughter margaret cheerful sunny enjoyed assumed primary responsibility children found depressed lack intellectual loneliness increasingly involved community established ties similarly minded women area time firmly committed nascent women rights movement ready engage organized activism early activism women rights movement prior living admirer friend minister feminist abolitionist met world anti slavery convention london england spring honeymoon women allies male delegates attending convention voted women denied participation proceedings like nominated serve official delegates respective abolitionist societies considerable debate women required sit section hidden view men attendance soon joined prominent abolitionist arrived vote taken protest outcome refused seat instead sit women example decision prohibit women participating convention strengthened commitment women rights early life experiences experience london initially experience housewife later wrote general discontent felt woman portion wife physician spiritual guide chaotic conditions fell constant supervision anxious look majority women impressed strong feeling active measures taken remedy society general women particular experience world anti slavery convention read legal status women oppression saw swept soul intensified personal experiences elements onward step begin thought public meeting protest discussion acting feelings perceptions joined sister handful women organized held july people attended drafted declaration sentiments read convention modeled united_states declaration independence declaration proclaimed men women created equal proposed things controversial resolution demanding voting rights women final resolutions including female suffrage passed small measure support attended informally spoke convention soon convention invited speak second women rights convention rochester new_york role activist reformer invited speak pregnancy chose instead lend list sponsors send speech read introduced street feminist mutual acquaintance signed declaration sentiments subsequent resolutions despite attendance convention best known joint work behalf women suffrage anthony joined movement instrumental founding short lived presidency organization supporters suggesting sufficient cause divorce relationship women suffrage movement movement hardly accidental movements common interests women suffrage filling role cause prohibition effect later state state women gained right vote press political measures reduce perceived largely problem involving male sex movement frequently allied anthony focus soon shifted female suffrage women rights activities brought acquaintance short time served editor anthony newspaper revolution single having children anthony time energy speaking traveling unable skills complemented better writer scripted anthony speeches anthony movement organizer wrote anthony power heaven hell earth separate hearts likewise writing tribute appeared new_york_times died anthony described having forged anthony fired unlike anthony relatively narrow focus suffrage wanted push broader platform women rights general opposing viewpoints led discussion conflict disagreement threatened friendship working relationship women remained close friends colleagues death years initial meeting recognized movement leaders support sought anthony voices soon joined began assuming leadership positions movement women included washington age gave powerful speech begins urge sixteenth amendment suffrage man government civil religious social male element destructive force stern selfish loving war violence conquest acquisition breeding material moral world alike disorder disease death record blood cruelty pages history reveal slavery slaughter sacrifice pains black codes soul humanity struggled centuries mercy face hearts dead alike love hope speech ends violence disturbance natural world constant effort maintain forces nature like loving mother trying land sea mountain valley place angry winds waves balance extremes heat cold rain drought peace harmony beauty reign supreme striking analogy matter mind present society warns woman let loose elements violence ruin power curb civilization age calls extension suffrage surely government educated men women better represent protect interests representation sex ideological divergence women rights movement american civil war anthony broke abolitionist backgrounds lobbied strongly ratification fourteenth united_states_constitution granted african american men right vote believing african american men virtue thirteenth amendment legal suffrage offered white male citizens largely expanding male franchise country increase number voters prepared deny women right vote anthony angry partners working african american women rights refused demand language amendments changed include women eventually rhetoric took racial overtones arguing behalf female suffrage women voters wealth education needed offset effect slaves immigrants ignorance degradation negatively affect american political system declared question better stand aside walk kingdom civil rights scholars argued emphasis property ownership education opposition black male suffrage desire hold universal suffrage fragmented civil rights movement pitting african american men women emphasis educated suffrage established basis literacy requirements followed wake passage fifteenth amendment position caused significant rift civil rights leaders particularly believed white women empowered connection fathers husbands brothers vote according treatment slaves entitled liberated african american men lacked women indirect empowerment voting rights women granted franchise african american women believed degree empowerment white women african american men vote general female suffrage according concern black male suffrage despite racist language resorted firmly believed universal franchise empowered blacks whites men women speaking behalf black women stated allowing vote condemned african american triple man knows slavery gender race joined belief anthony especially champion voting rights republican congressman pennsylvania ardent abolitionist agreed voting rights universal anthony drafted universal suffrage petition demanding right vote given consideration sex race petition introduced united_states congress stevens despite efforts fourteenth amendment passed adjustment time fifteenth amendment making way congress position led major women rights movement leaders women rights movement including strongly argued position disagreement ratification fifteenth amendment given birth separate women suffrage organizations founded anthony served president years opposed passage fifteenth amendment changes include female suffrage influence particular championed number women issues deemed radical conservative members suffrage movement better funded larger representative woman vehicle founded following november led stone howe supported fifteenth amendment written following passage amendment preferred focus female suffrage advocate broader women rights espoused gender neutral divorce laws woman right refuse husband sexually increased economic opportunities women right women serve believing men given right vote women granted franchise slave feminist affiliated anthony organization anthony truth joined later worked woman bible despite position efforts expand fifteenth amendment include voting rights women amendment passed originally written later years interested efforts create cooperative communities work places attracted forms political populist movement identifying socialism especially socialism later years decade following ratification fifteenth amendment anthony increasingly took position advocated fourteenth actually women right vote argued fourteenth amendment defined citizens persons born united_states subject jurisdiction thereof included women fifteenth amendment provided citizens right vote logic asserted women constitutional right vote simply matter claiming right constitution based argument came called new departure women rights circles divergence earlier attempts change voting laws state state basis led anthony later going polls demanding vote despite similar attempts hundreds women nearly years women obtained right vote united_states time maintained broad focus women rights general focus female suffrage particular passage fifteenth amendment support prominent stone howe gap leaders women movement widened took issue fundamental religious movement leaders unlike colleagues believed organized christianity relegated women unacceptable position society explored view 1890s feminist understanding biblical scripture sought correct fundamental believed inherent organized christianity likewise supported divorce rights employment rights property rights women issues preferred involved radical positions included acceptance marriage despite opposition giving african american men right vote women language resorted expressing opposition objection marriage wrote letter marriage white woman anthony fearing public condemnation wanting demand female suffrage foremost pleaded letter support marriage publicly known went write influential books documents speeches women rights movement starting anthony collaborated write volume history woman suffrage seminal volume work containing history documents letters woman suffrage movement volumes published work eventually completed major writings included woman bible published autobiography published self self sovereignty delivered speech convention washington leading male feminist day began publishing weekly periodical revolution editorials focused wide array women issues view different modern supported birth control likely believed killing abortion considered position discussed revolution time joined embarking year career traveling months year provided funds youngest sons college given popularity lecturer way spread ideas general population gain broad public recognition establish reputation leader women rights movement popular speeches girls boys education marriage divorce prison life bible woman rights lecture travels occupied president presided conventions period addition writing speaking instrumental promoting women suffrage states particularly new_york missouri kansas included ballot michigan vote unsuccessful bid seat new_york primary force passage eventually passed worked female suffrage wyoming utah california convinced california senator introduce female suffrage amendment wording similar fifteenth amendment passed years previously active internationally spending great deal time europe daughter fellow feminist lived helped prepare founding opposed merger conservative based objections organizations merged creating despite opposition merger president largely intervention good measure woman bible position issues divorce popular conservative members january approximately years died joined address issue suffrage judiciary nearly decades fighting female suffrage women rights final appearance members united_states congress text self spoke central value individual noting value based gender declaration sentiments penned years earlier statement expressed need women voting rights particular need revamped understanding women position society women general isolation human soul necessity self dependence individual right choose surroundings strongest reason giving woman opportunities higher education development forces mind body giving enlarged freedom thought action complete emancipation forms custom dependence influences fear personal responsibility individual life strongest reason ask woman voice government lives religion asked believe equality social life chief factor place trades earn bread self sovereignty individual rely impressed brilliance speech published self entirety leaving speech committee strongly supported spanish american war writing hate war glad come instance like spain swept face earth death burial remembrance died heart failure home new_york_city october years women granted right vote united_states survived seven children seven grandchildren interred new_york_city grave monument husband unable attend formal college university daughters attended columbia_university received undergraduate graduate degrees respectively death unorthodox ideas religion emphasis female employment women issues led focus anthony founder women suffrage movement controversial publishing alienated traditional cemented anthony place readily recognized leader female suffrage movement anthony continued work familiar younger members movement celebrating 75th anniversary paid tribute role mother played women rights movement late anthony received attention founder movement mentioned time received attention commemorated sculpture united_states capitol unveiled originally kept display capitol sculpture moved current location prominently displayed elizabeth house declared house new_jersey declared landmark years later park row site original office anthony newspaper revolution included map manhattan historical sites related dedicated important women created president march commemorated truth calendar saints july interest popularly produced documentary story elizabeth attention drawn central founding role shaping woman suffrage movement broad women rights movement united_states included women suffrage women legal reform women roles society dollar bill april treasury secretary announced denominations united_states currency redesigned prior 100th anniversary 19th amendment newly designed bill include images pay homage women suffrage movement feature images writings writing author author books history woman suffrage volumes written vol completed authors including anthony self originally delivered speech later published hard bound edition woman bible eighty years selected periodicals journals revolution editor lily published contributor published contributor published contributor selected papers essays speeches declaration sentiments resolutions petition universal suffrage self government best means self development self speeches girls boys education marriage divorce prison life bible woman rights women rights papers archived elizabeth university particularly entries editor collected works open collections program publications harvard_university elizabeth register papers volumes library works public domain individual writings declaration rights list signatories digital library project girls online sources elizabeth internet encyclopedia philosophy family memorabilia women president borough manhattan new_york_city writings journey history elizabeth find grave | Elizabeth Cady Stanton | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6675_AlphonseAlley | alley april march army officer political figure active country known born central enrolled schools enlisting french army saw combat morocco algeria coup president promoted alley chief staff army young army officer appointed alley chef cabinet launched coup december forced hand power alley days later administration oversaw creation new constitution presidential election results boycott prevented quarters country voting alley lost popularity suggestion military retreat barracks eventually reduced july alley forced hand power veteran politician alley retirement marked series military trials prison sentences trial conduct sparked coup led october seized power coup ended alley military career senior officer named alley commissioner role little responsibility accused alley plotting february sentenced years prison died march military background alley born april central member small ethnic group based north father military commander served french syria helped train police enrolled schools enlisted french army combat operation later year peninsula war alley withdrew late shortly launched wartime experience went france saw combat morocco algeria gained independence alley travelled homeland led unit lieutenant promoted captain major later year led soldiers border border dispute described alley liked figure known diplomats wine women song officer alley urged general seize power coup promoted alley chief staff army alley known disagreements occasions remained loyal nonetheless young army officer appointed alley chef cabinet frequent opposition alley staff meetings helped create factions coup état aspirations december soldiers led military coup toppled seized presidency unsure members faction urged new president remain post general public opinion france refused aid recognise forced appointed alley provisional president days later placed alley house arrest accused duties maintained policy served prime minister president alley figures trusted northern southern alike role temporary power ceded civilians months time events official military published january creation january write new constitution document granted alley strong executive power adopted alley interim government military officers early march national referendum constitution held march passed percent favor decided ban presidents vice presidents government ministers presidents upcoming presidential election prevent politics repeating practices old supreme_court ruled unconstitutional alley overruled decision instead recognised candidates legitimate response disqualification presidents staged protests president supported obscure candidate named election held won election percent vote alley declared result void protest prevented nearly quarters electorate voting result sparked demonstrations president forbidden enter country attempt crack dissent alley felt mistake believed bring unity radio address alley announced military stay power june noted administration require extra time find successor backed alley suggested military retreat barracks camp leave politics career politicians view unpopular military comrades alley eventually little alley attempted remove army avail case june fellow officers mind president talks civil servants academics power years charged form government national union june newspaper article state press july alley handed power veteran politician later life alley retired presidency combat army assigned new post military appointment refused accept general president neighboring thought serve alley right stupid power politicians don think going dumb alley discharged armed forces altogether september taking place chief staff july accused alley plotting kidnap murder facing death penalty alley sentenced years hard labor open trial held october intervened alley strained relations president decided lead coup december aftermath alley released reinstated army july named secretary general ended alley adjutant alley allowed refugee protection despite official government policy contrary october seized power coup ended alley military career senior officer named commissioner role little responsibility accused alley plotting february sentenced years prison released amnesty august political involved armed aggression sunday january official press release states alley died march survived son plans works decades death | Alphonse Alley | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6722_ThomasHutchinson(governor) | governor september june businessman historian prominent loyalist politician years american revolution successful merchant politician active high levels massachusetts government years serving lieutenant governor governor politically figure despite initial opposition parliamentary tax laws directed colonies came identified proponent hated british taxes blamed lord north british prime minister time significant contributor tensions led outbreak american revolutionary war boston mansion protests stamp act damaging collection materials early massachusetts history acting governor exposed mob attack aftermath boston massacre ordered removal troops boston letters calling colonial rights published intensifying dislike colony replaced governor general went exile england advised government deal americans deep interest colonial history collecting large number historical documents wrote volume history province massachusetts bay volume published posthumously covered period office wrote person america actions altered outcome protests disputes preceding american revolutionary war scholars use career represent tragic fate loyalists attachment imperial structure time modern nation state emerging ideology dual america britain loyalist loser sacrificed love massachusetts loyalty great_britain spent years unhappy exile early life born september fourth children thomas descended early new_england settlers including son parents merchant families father involved family trade active political military charitable circles served provincial council young thomas entered graduating father introduced business world early displayed remarkable business according autobiographical sketch childhood turned modest gift fish father time received exposure politics accompanied governor voyage negotiations maine massachusetts voyage vessel owner married granddaughter rhode_island governor families long history business personal connections margaret fact distant relative descended rhode_island governor marriage secured political alliance andrew lasted long margaret death sister mary second wife likewise daughter married son oliver brothers related massachusetts governor new_hampshire harvard class couple children survived adulthood margaret died complications legislator councillor entered politics elected boston later year seat provincial assembly spoke province practice issuing bills credit form paper currency drop value wrought havoc economy position unpopular populist party province voted election sent england agent behalf property owners affected king decision concerning boundary line massachusetts new_hampshire significantly favored new_hampshire embassy unsuccessful returned harvard construction new chapel built funds stands today elected served body speaker continued advocacy currency reforms annoyed populist faction need guard properties boston possible mob action discussed british government convinced province expense mounting expedition seized idea massive payment gold silver retire province paper currency despite significant opposition successfully bill implementing idea assembly general court received agreement signature governor bill opponents surprised exchange paper cause financial popularity despite success voted assembly immediately appointed headed commission arrange treaty indians massachusetts served boundary commissions settle disputes connecticut rhode_island appointed judge justice following outbreak french indian war delegate meeting took leading discussions working draft plan colonial union agreed franklin present endangered british colonies decisive action taken competing colonies coherent important report drafted concluded colonies encouraged establish union majesty governments continent councils treasure strength employed proportion common enemy wife died suddenly threw work work entirely political nature humanitarian streak supported refugees expelled nova scotia support roman catholics gain friends sensitive needs military men involved war giving aid families veterans lieutenant governor massachusetts governor political opponents engineered recall sought received endorsement british military leader lord effort succeed governor time leading politician province age lieutenant governor application unsuccessful receive appointment lieutenant governor serving relationship awkward center political activities governor patronage risen power influence cultivated relations populist factions state sought remove influence supporters asking turn people earlier supported refused saw actions province stability taking place governor requested leave return england late political opposition supporters death leading populist supporters contributed decision departed province june leaving acting governor months later replacement arrived power assistance bernard early acts appointment instead chief justice action turned province vocal leaders included son bernard long term consequences reputation legal training sought post emerging legal notably rising young lawyer named outraged brought storm protest criticism issuing assistance documents authorised essentially arbitrary searches customs officials issued ironically objections earlier years authorised cases existing necessitated accession king george iii throne adams seized issue rail power lieutenant governor sat council lack legal qualifications post chief justice taxes stamp act sugar act discussed parliament proposals forward send represent colony opposition proposal governor bernard objected sending sitting lieutenant governor bill enacted colonial protest followed agreement vocal opponents like time began phrase taxation representation law harmed massachusetts economy ensuing debates differences emerged parliament supremacy feasibility having formal colonial representation exacerbated personal animosity developed led anti parliament faction seized minor dispute rail faction power dismissive ongoing political attacks believing opponents biographer observes stage seriously impact attacks building coherent opposition crown control damage reputation debates leading passage stamp act bernard quietly warned london proceed particular wrote good tax americans lose gain assembly met draft petition london matter october opposed inclusion language eventually pushed moderate statement opposition massachusetts petition seen weak comparison prepared colonies claimed secretly seeking promote stamp act accused country news act passage propelled vocal opponents parliamentary supremacy larger role provincial politics privately supported calls repeal publicly oppose act merely provided additional fuel opponents mob violence brother law colonial secretary given job stamp master responsibility implementing act province apparently hand assignment opponents quick accuse attempts explain position opposition recounted early unpopular acts questioned motives deeds august descended oliver home office night mansion surrounded crowd demanded formally deny arguing favour stamp act correspondence london refused intervention moderate leader prevented action night days later evening august mob formed outside mansion time denied described architectural historian developed example provincial new_england house broken family narrowly escaping systematically house decorative effectively destroyed building taken violence lasted entire night family silver furniture items stolen destroyed items eventually returned collection historically important manuscripts scattered working final volume volume history colony pages work lost night recreated detailed inventory reprinted biographer valued damage eventually received province troubles family temporarily took refuge castle william took primary residence estate governor massachusetts controversy stamp act radical faction came control assembly governor council denied seat governor council amid increased passage acts governor bernard requested received british_army troops protect crown officials letters written bernard describing conditions province acquired radical opposition published leading recall bernard left england august leaving acting governor unsuccessful attempts distance unpopular bernard administration continued attacked assembly local press despite continued lobby formal appointment governor refused serve lieutenant governor governor preferring instead posting resign lieutenant governorship acting governor protests taxes erupted march british soldiers fired crowd killing people went scene aftermath shooting promised justice applied fairly british soldiers involved incident arrested day ongoing unrest city compelled request withdrawal british troops city able postpone trial months allow anger settle adams prepare solid case soldiers eventually tried convicted sentences reduced episode shook confidence ability manage affairs province penned resignation letter governor bernard mean time taken cause london march commission governor arrived boston having approved king resignation letter going way colonial secretary lord rejected resignation instructions sent commission fairly strict left relatively little room manoeuvre politically instructions particularly included restricting meetings governor council limiting appointment colonial agents individuals having governor approval instructions relocate provincial assembly boston cambridge influence radical boston politics modest demand accomplished executive order resulted complaint gubernatorial assembly exchange arguments assembly ran thousands pages lasted nature affair radical cause proponents painted action bold attempt executive outraged announced salary previously subject appropriation assembly paid crown instead seen power belonged province written debates assembly extended role parliament governing policies deepened divide raised flags colonies england observers noted arguments effectively driven province join political letters affair massachusetts debate reached pitch speech assembly argued colony wholly subject parliament effectively independent assembly response authored countered colonial charter granted autonomy england colonial secretary lord insisted colonial agent massachusetts assembly response franklin acquired letters written late colonial officials concluded situation colonies parliament believing wider knowledge letters focus colonial anger away parliament written misleading letters franklin sent letters speaker massachusetts assembly december insisted published widely circulated liberty letters public letters came hands serving clerk assembly engineered publication june franklin belief partially publication letters opposition parliamentary policy instead opposition saw letters confirmation conspiracy rights letters reprinted colonies burned places far away philadelphia letters written retired leading member british government included observation impossible colonists rights home country essentially requiring called english liberties specific proposals colonial government reformed writing letter published think produce great evil remove uncertain event letters contrast specifically proposed governor council members elected assembly governor consent changed members appointed crown wrote letters particularly new manipulated contents implications statements suggest officials london colonists rights defended print provincial attorney general claimed actually expressing desired changes state affairs instead possible consequences present conditions massachusetts assembly drafted petition demanding removal office concerned effect letter publication assembly petition london requested permission come england defend letter authorizing return reach boston november late depart year request assembly petition heard early meantime parliament repealed taxes keeping tea passed tea act authorised ship tea directly colonies eliminating colonial merchants supply chain price smuggled dutch tea caused colonial merchants north american colonies organise opposition deliveries company tea massachusetts arrival ships carrying tea november brought crisis duties paid cargo days ship arrival sons businessmen company tea official role choice cargo ships armed patrolled docks ensure tea landed took hard line refusing allow tea ships leave harbour despite city wide protests tea sent england insisting duty paid tea landed day deadline arrived december indian disguise boarded ships night dumped tea harbour justified stance contributed crisis claiming duty governor uphold revenue laws american opponents observed easily refused accept tea clear popular sentiment impossible land tea british critics complained asked british troops boston intervene known tea ships sent north_america turned continued justify actions letters england anticipating hearings matter arrived met consider assembly petition recall discussed tea party franklin colonial agent forced listen barrage criticism dismissed colonial general assembly petition dismissed request leave granted general arrived boston governor implement acts parliament passed punishment tea party believing away massachusetts temporarily sailed england june exile arrival london granted audience king questioned affairs north_america received lord north prime minister interview north expressed dismay terms massachusetts government act sought establish basis eventual repeal enactment governor effect province economy government act appointment crown governor council long opposed formal hearings matter colonial authorities sympathetic view believed events gone far british political establishment support alternatives outbreak american revolutionary war april mansion seized use army barracks trunk containing copies correspondence fell rebel hands war progressed criticised answered unpublished manuscript continued treated favourably king compelled refuse offer fortune lost exile power prosecution war took center stage july awarded honorary doctorate law oxford_university enemies massachusetts continued attack reputation exile impossible effectively dispute charges properties like exiled loyalists seized sold state home eventually purchased james mercy warren sister long time enemy bitter disillusioned forced exile loss daughter continued work history colony fruit decades research volumes published lifetime volume history massachusetts appeared volume volume published posthumously included tenure lieutenant governor governor time worked complete history family details political affairs found suffered stroke died london june aged buried legacy memory central role main focal point opposition royal rule reputation america generally poor seen traitor native massachusetts cause freedom harsh assessment calling describing manipulated higher levels power achieve aims criticized british political figures continued disagree exile despite working behalf disapproved actions lord north believed publication letters responsible outbreak war biographers 20th century reputation seeking explain came way recent decades historians typically portrayed tragic figure torn rulers london people massachusetts example portrays ill fated tragic figure british scholar says tragedy emerged victim clash archaic static opponents contemporary dynamic prominent american historian wrote pleased new_england shown emancipation good king america general boston particular proud father beloved child fails credit high places changed interpretation years 1970s saw portrayed locked old mindset time enlightenment ideas taking hold thanks remnants country estate preserved main piece parcel land known governor field owned trustees reservations listed national_register_of_historic_places open public nearby property features constructed listed national_register_of_historic_places properties hill historic district boston landmarks named family took pains departure publications history colony bay settlement thereof incorporation colony province main etc charter king william queen mary boston thomas volume history charter king william queen mary year boston thomas second volume john history bay comprising detailed narrative origin early stages american revolution london volume published posthumously declaration london self published commentary united_states declaration independence | Thomas Hutchinson (governor) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
6854_MichaelBruxner | lieutenant colonel sir march march australian politician soldier serving years leader predecessors born educated started studies later dropped employment station agent serving enlisted australian light horse outbreak world war serving distinction gallipoli egypt palestine promoted lieutenant colonel awarded returning australia sold business joined elected election came political prominence led rural true blues faction went leader decision form coalition sir short lived government emerged leader reduced consisted members faction joined fuller nationalists form government involved new england new state movement resigned party leadership renamed end election abandonment proportional representation won new seat unopposed included new premier cabinet minister local government included responsibility transport served labor won election april elected new party leader hold continuously sir dismissed called leader opposition form government stevens formed coalition named deputy premier new_south_wales sworn minister transport briefly resumed portfolio worked long time friend minister education establish later central ensuring premier stevens defeated house august coalition lost government election serve government rest parliamentary career opposition benches leading elections instability larger opposition parties eventually united formally resigned leader having served continuously role continued serve capacity member term retiring politics election served capacities boards continued passion horses death aged march early life military career born near second son english born wife initially educated private tuition soon sent point sydney school captain studied arts law resident expelled non attendance lectures returning home work eventually moved set business stock station agent purchased grazing property near bred cattle june christ church married vice president local agricultural society cricket rugby clubs owner rose president commissioned justice peace started military career commissioned second lieutenant september 6th australian new_england light horse redesignated 5th following year world war broke september joined soon october 6th light horse regiment promoted captain sent unit wounded times later commanded 6th served distinction mentioned despatches twice appointed president france recognition distinguished services campaign appointed general headquarters rose assistant adjutant general service promoted lieutenant colonel appointed companion distinguished service order july returned australia discharged month later august returned sold stock station agency went property eventually raised family having daughter sons early political career prominent member local community involved emerging movements political force regional areas joined convinced friends stand candidate new south wales state election elected proportional representation second member district northern alongside friend december premier cabinet resigned having lost vote week governor sir commissioned leader opposition sir premier fuller majority initiated attempts form coalition split join fuller government urban wing led leader deputy leader agreed enter fuller coalition rural wing true blues led offered fuller support seven hours government majority fuller requested double dissolution refused basis majority lower house fuller resigned commissioned granted dissolution election march permanently divided true blues opposed coalition maintained separate identity urban members party joined fuller elected leader election reduced rural members election entered coalition nationalists increased margin electorate member involved new england new state movement helped pass formal request commonwealth establish new state northern new_south_wales request resulted election retained seat increased margin nationalist progressive government lost office election renamed reflecting electoral base party resigned leadership end citing difficulty balancing needs family commitments political career succeeded minister crown election abandonment proportional representation won new seat unopposed election defeated included new premier cabinet minister local government included responsibility transport minister responsible amendment gave powers provided principal roads state roads state classified accordance order importance formed basis road development funded view transport public asset reinforced brought passage transport act regulated private bus services prevent collapse government owned railways remained minister defeated election election retained seat december granted king george retention title honourable having served years member political climate new_south_wales volatile attempts abolish conflict debts emphasised need remain independent succeeded amidst calls opposition unite april leader notified party intention resign elected new party leader deputy premier long governor sir dismissed government called leader opposition leader form government stevens formed coalition immediately called election heavily defeated gained seats held seats cabinet retained seat unopposed elected unopposed total times term time equal partner coalition named deputy premier new_south_wales sworn minister transport briefly resumed portfolio period june party equal role coalition government formed good working relationship long lasting friendship stevens ensure government stability stevens government significant success reducing million pound deficit significant problem stevens trouble increasingly depended deputy premier saw loyal stevens managed push initiatives specifically benefited rural areas including royal commission question new states election saw stevens retaining government divided labor opposition returned unopposed seat deputy leader minister public works local government saw trying undermine confidence leadership reducing influence government stevens went visit london march months october acting premier acting deputy animosity pronounced time petty issues visited united_kingdom member parliamentary delegation coronation king march election stevens government power divided elected vote worked long time friend minister education establish regional education institution election moved establish constituent college city appointed served july stevens colonial attempted address cabinet decisions ministerial expenditure creating committee consisting stevens approve expenditure furious gesture resigned july minister deputy leader citing disagreement government policy relief works reason despite departure stability government short august carried motion confidence stevens house unexpectedly passed votes owing absence ministers august stevens resignation governor lord granted days remain successor chosen resignation touted stevens possible successor refused form coalition government party meeting august chose nominate favoured candidate defeated votes leader sworn premier lord day got ensured survival coalition government attempted shore unity party save government months government preoccupied preparation australia entry second world war equipped railway workshops modern machine tools established deal air raids despite efforts controversy surrounding stevens departure led moderate ensured popularity government recovered campaign election government performed poorly finding difficult distinguish past proposing policies promising action war opposite leaving war matters federal government promising current reforms election polled half vote lost seats lost seats retained seat hold ministerial office conservative political forces government won election opposition rest parliamentary career opposition benches largely larger opposition party federal election large number members formed democratic_party new_south_wales led continued opposition leader resigned democratic_party leader february replaced assembly speaker election stable leadership ensured retained seats retained seat witnessed fragmented opposition parties forming leadership justice minister march led party elected unopposed election achieving overall gain seats led recognising importance larger liberals opposing labor responsive needs rural voters maintained coalition liberals trying prevent seat conflicts parties persistence tri contested seats labor candidates prove problematic maintaining coalition attempting government labor led coalition june election resulted hung parliament gained seats total coalition total seats holding seats balance power lay elected members expelled previous parliament support labor able stay power retained seat sold property bought homestead section station dividing time sydney residence near loss election labor weakened position replaced premier april won popular support vigorous impressive minister resolved problems electricity supply months premier party brought order government chaotic public works program addition attacked increasingly unpopular federal coalition government combined constantly policy candidate issues contributed defeated february election amounted total loss seats seats swing retained seat replaced august like senior members liberals having conservative government experience government little interest policy cold war anti communism ignored majority views party fellow parliamentary colleagues attempts forge closer alliance failed alienated party replaced leader september aged having fallen ill times led time march election resulted labour victory regained seat overall government majority fell retained unopposed formally resigned leader having served continuously role continued serve capacity member retaining seat final time march election vote final term retired assembly election retirement legacy retirement youngest son tim served distinction 2nd royal_australian_air_force world war gained father vacated seat allegedly parent advice won election went member lewis including father old portfolio minister transport deputy leader eldest son having graduated honours law admitted bar served 2nd officer june appointed judge retiring politics appointed knight commander order british empire political public services november named highway spanning highway recognition services transport roads life maintained passion horses including member australian deputy president wife having died year died march survived daughter sons portrait offices sydney sketch australian war memorial canberra | Michael Bruxner | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7278_LevChernyi | russian died september russian theorist activist poet leading figure russian revolution released political imprisonment imperial russian regime swiftly leading figures russian strongly denouncing new government publications joining underground resistance movements arrested charge executed trial early life philosophy imprisonment born russian army colonel father intellectual historian compares advocated overthrow values russian society rejected voluntary communist threat freedom individual advocated free association independent individuals book titled published scholars including interpreted vision society greatly influenced subsequent book publication imprisoned siberia russian regime revolutionary activities return moscow opposition return siberia enjoyed great popularity moscow workers lecturer time russia leading main secretary leading theorist formed march primarily concerned propaganda moscow poorer classes personal acquaintance leading denounced nascent rally march declaring socialist state enemy predecessor promising governmental mechanism advocate seizing private homes agitated state pages weekly newspaper proposing increasingly detailed means production complete absence internal power structures spring groups formed armed detachments reaction growing repression resistance free expression black guards fought russian civil war night april soviet secret police raided building occupied official aim arresting charging bands ranks met armed resistance black guards ensuing battle approximately killed wounded imprisoned arrest execution having helped establish underground group joined group called underground following year organization founded published issues denouncing communist dictatorship worst human history september number leftist social revolutionaries underground bombed headquarters communist_party meeting communists killed wounded including eminent theorist editor detained charge august published official report announcing shot hearing trial historian contends executed september year august personally involved bombing communist_party headquarters association likely candidate communists refused turn body family burial rumors persisted fact died torture related pages poets people visited lectures | Lev Chernyi | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7337_EdwardPulsford | september september english born australian politician free trade established successful business father commission agents yorkshire moving interests new_south_wales vigorous free trade founder colony body later machine attempts enter abortive appointed served elected senate opponent forms following fusion anti labour forces joined reluctance remembered avid opposition policy forms racial discrimination whilst financial editor daily_telegraph attacked restrictive immigration laws fought policy state parliament later senate oppose immigration restriction act racial tolerance combined opposition women suffrage led economist describe probably racist member australian senate decade early life born september mother née father baptist minister businessman received private education worked father commission agent worked hull yorkshire february married hull edward embarked new_south_wales father travelled new_york resident secretary liverpool arrival sydney immediately involved free trade cause founded forerunner campaigning behalf free trade led honorary member colonial politics foundation secretary ferocious received prize essay beneficial influence free trade policy colony new south wales written contribution centennial edition year book australia actively involved journalism proprietor financial editor daily_telegraph focusing overwhelmingly free trade actively neighbouring colony victoria policies worked compilation australian biographical supplement supported federation leading proponent free trade cause intended candidacy contested election earlier year losing candidate nominated continued support free trade policies differentiated colleagues firmly opposing restrictions asian immigration expressed regret concerning fate telegraph article opposed sir poll tax chinese opposed continuing restrictive measures passed served president new south wales branch deputy president federal election campaign committee standing senate new_south_wales federal politics federal election march elected senator new_south_wales sixth final position narrowly defeating fellow free trader continued support free trade senators oppose policy describing inhabitants asia friends opposed immigration restriction act supported eligibility old age pension treatment labourers cattle opposition immigration restriction highlighted diplomatic insult japan asian nations published pamphlet supporting japanese government policy spoke hours debate customs bill later supported time limits speeches missing portfolio free traders briefly government absent parliament described best living authority australia question pamphlet attracted favourable reception opposed women suffrage grounds australia advance public opinion world believing lead women fusion parties form difficult faith old protection new protection join new party support legislation order legislation failure defeated election labour_party won senate seats new_south_wales later life continued support free trade cause outside parliament planned establish free trade paper circulated australia new_zealand south_africa scheme abandoned following outbreak world war revised book commerce empire originally published arguing free trade central freedoms empire fighting calling free trade germany war march married neutral bay died later year seventy fifth birthday september survived second wife sons marriage buried gore hill cemetery anglican service | Edward Pulsford | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7454_WilliamBurnet(colonialadministrator) | colonial administrator march september british civil servant colonial administrator served governor new_york new_jersey massachusetts new_hampshire born position privilege godfather england long birth father later educated active life intellectual pursuits elected fellow occupied posts importance financial considerations political connections brought new_york new_jersey tenure new_jersey major controversies set precedent accepting effectively bribes exchange legislation new_york sought unsuccessfully end fur trade albany montreal order implement colonial policy preferring direct trade native americans central north_america new_york rule marked increase political divisions land owners sided merchants death king george king appointed governor new_hampshire massachusetts new_hampshire tenure engaged nasty dispute massachusetts assembly issue salary holding legislative body session months relocating away boston dispute held colonial business ongoing september died death apparently caused illness contracted carriage overturned dumped water early life born leading city march child mary scott leading theologian dutch court william prince orange godfather wife mary scottish family settled netherlands acquired great wealth marriage gilbert generally agreed money genuine love match sides younger children survived infancy later william led army english channel glorious revolution william mary ascended english throne father gave coronation sermon later elevated ongoing influence english court king william reign fell favour took throne mother died smallpox accordance dying request father years later remarried close friend proved william siblings devoted gilbert best fathers gilbert death william inherited estate given mother wealth considerable excellent scholar entered oxford age dismissed disciplinary reasons later education came private including tutor ultimately admitted bar married mary daughter dean canterbury child boy died intellectual pursuits education brought lifelong interest scientific mathematical pursuits proposed membership enrolled fellow february acquainted mathematician regular correspondent wide array scientific subjects philadelphia merchant politician reported observations switzerland unusual instance hungarian twins saw resident observations governor new_york precisely determine new_york_city tenure new_york relatively intellectual discourse briefly met young encouraged intellectual pursuits like teacher wrote religious subjects anonymously published essay scripture prophecy explain periods contain arguments probable periods year work forward argument jesus christ return earth based interpretation book daniel governor new_york new_jersey connections court appointment great_britain invested heavily collapse led consider lucrative positions north american colonies correspondence longtime friend returned england provided opportunity hunter governor new_york new_jersey returned england variety personal reasons intending posts hunter connected whig government power exchange offices readily approved new_jersey tenure new_jersey governor marked disputes issuance bills credit granting permanent salary bills credit addition providing funding province expenses circulated local currency issuance large quantities bills tendency relative pound sterling instructions issuance certain conditions provincial assembly approved bill called issuance bills secured property dissolved assembly approved similar legislation exchange legislature approval year salary plan assembly began funds bills ways years later convinced sign exchange grant incidental expenses method assembly essentially governor agreement violation instructions somewhat normal practice new_jersey later governors new_york sided large landowners province based advice refused elections provincial assembly keeping assembly dominated court party members years relationship new_york assembly deteriorated special elections resulted addition country party members elect hostile speaker sought province tax base include larger real estate holdings powerful property owners dominated assembly court party successful efforts taxes merchant interests tax levied ships docking new_york led rise smuggling new_jersey new_york months arrival new_york married bride daughter relative marriage powerful new_york landowner chief advisors children child died long birth indian trading policy important aspects tenure new_york attempts strengthen colony position frontier relations controlled upstate new_york achieved peace vibrant trade begun new_york merchants albany french merchants montreal english goods sold french traders goods native american tribes central north_america british colonial administrators sought alter method trade instructing direct trade lands instead montreal bringing end albany montreal trade long arrival new_york assembly pass law banning albany montreal trade action earned opposition merchant interests traded directly including stephen albany merchants vocal merchants sat governor council removed law fairly easily merchants routed trade goods nearby carried goods montreal law enforcement trade ban passed policies caused protest new_york london british merchants argued having negative impact trade volume europe informed french begun construction fort western end action presented clear threat british attempts directly access control fur trade consequently ordered construction fort mouth decision upset albany traders lose monopoly fur trade upset french gave british direct access lake ontario wanted fort sited lake instead tried militia forces area resented intrusion attempts implement trade policy ultimately unsuccessful merchant interests succeeded gaining seats assembly special elections decision question citizenship right seat assembly angered body following years assembly noticeably hostile rule trade ban repealed replaced system taxation designed prefer western trade albany montreal trade time departure clear policy working cases having negative effects laws indian trade passed administration repealed long term effects establishment british military presence breaking albany monopoly trade left new_york divided merchants landowners arrived replacement king george died event required renewal royal commissions decided new_york new_jersey colonel served groom instead given appointment governor massachusetts new_hampshire known new_york replaced assembly parting shot formally protested actions court judge declaring void arrived new_york april carrying commissions left new_york july boston governor massachusetts new_hampshire briefly new_hampshire short tenure unlike massachusetts readily granted salary years duration administration time appointment massachusetts seat province governed number years lieutenant governor acting governor attempt force massachusetts assembly grant permanent salary institution royal charter assembly resisted choosing instead periodic grants governor local politicians found effective mechanism influencing governor approve policies governor know grant large salary matter governor time province wealthy massachusetts native insisting control provincial militia remain hands chose extremely hard line subject salary refused conduct business dissolve legislature salary decided legislature turn refused enact salary bill offered generous time grants refused principle raised tensions suggesting assembly failure act salary colonial charter order life difficult possible legislators relocated assembly boston salem cambridge increasing costs legislators forcing boston area properties november assembly voted send agents london argue issue attempts appropriate funds agents denied governor council agents ended paid funds raised subscription ruled siding governor assembly refused yield attempts conduct business matters invariably caught salary dispute stalled dispute ongoing route cambridge boston august thrown water carriage accidentally overturned fell ill died september interred king chapel burying ground boston lieutenant governor acted governor replacement agents sent london selected returned province took similar position refusing annual grants replaced lieutenant acting governor annual grants governor later instructed matter salary tenure finally abandoned instruction allowed receive annual grants | William Burnet (colonial administrator) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7459_PeterthePatrician | peter peter latin greek senior east roman byzantine official diplomat historian educated successful lawyer repeatedly sent envoy prelude gothic war despite diplomatic skill able war imprisoned years release appointed post head imperial held years capacity leading ministers emperor playing important role byzantine emperor religious policies relations notably led negotiations peace agreement ended year long war historical writings survive fragments provide unique source material early byzantine ceremonies diplomatic issues byzantium biography early career envoy italy peter born year origin according according origin near studying law embarked successful career lawyer constantinople brought attention account skills employed imperial envoy court time power struggle developing queen regent young king cousin following death throne imprisoned sent messages emperor hoping recognition peter met envoys way italy notified constantinople seeking new instructions emperor ordered convey message emperor protection harmed time peter arrived italy killed narrative gothic war ambiguous explicitly claims peter arranged murder instructions feared potential rival assurances privately given public peter strongly condemned act declared war truce emperor result peter returned constantinople letters roman senate imperial couple bearing pleas peaceful solution time reached imperial capital emperor resolved war preparing forces consequently peter returned italy summer conveying ultimatum returned italy imperial rule war byzantine offensive followed soon attacking outlying possessions kingdom took sicily invaded hearing news peter able secure wide ranging concessions sicily ceded byzantine_empire gothic king authority italy severely restricted gold crown sent annual tribute men provided imperial army subject status fearing offer rejected instructed peter oath offer italy original concessions rejected event rejected proposal delighted learn second peter sent italy bearing letters gothic nobles time cradle return peacefully fold arrival byzantine envoys found changed disposition supported gothic nobility success resolved resist imprisoned ambassadors peter remained imprisoned years released june july new gothic king exchange gothic envoys sent persia captured byzantines reward services emperor appointed peter post master offices highest positions state heading palace imperial guards hold post consecutive years longer wide margin time shortly raised supreme title supreme rank glorious awarded honorary took discussions western bishops chapter controversy repeatedly sent envoy pope opposed emperor issue peter recorded attending sent envoy negotiate peace treaty persia role reprised met persian envoy end war reaching agreement persian evacuation border armenia envoys concluded year peace respective allies annual roman subsidies persia resume lowered pounds gold clauses regulated cross border trade limited cities return protection respective religious minorities christians byzantium exchange persian recognition existence construction originally sparked brief war byzantines agreed limit troops remove seat city disagreements remained border areas spring peter travelled persia negotiate directly achieving result returned constantinople died march son nicknamed succeed brief interval post held sacred palace held post time appointed comes count sacred year led unsuccessful embassy persia end ongoing war assessment leading officials age peter controversial figure receiving greatly differing assessments contemporaries mid level east peter virtue intelligent firm fair administrator kind man mild manners desire avoid giving insult time accuses members biggest thief world absolutely filled responsible murder early career peter renowned learning passion reading discussions scholars speaker calls fitted nature persuade men witnessed court praises man wise hand late 6th century historian relied peter work history accuses records enhance role performance negotiations writings peter wrote books survive fragments history centuries death death emperor fragments extant history office institution emperor constantine great time emperor containing list holders descriptions imperial ceremonies reproduced chapters volume 10th century vii account diplomatic mission source recently peter ascribed authorship 6th century political science volume book discussing political theory drawing extensively classical texts republic survives fragments peter late roman byzantine author write imperial ceremonies beginning tradition lasted unto 14th century histories important historical source instance work preserves negotiations provisions roman persian treaty lost history peter published translation greek fragments including additional fragments considered work roman historian called | Peter the Patrician | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7476_RobertP.Letcher | february january politician lawyer state kentucky served representative minister mexico 15th governor kentucky served speaker house strong supporter friend family came kentucky attended private academy studied law briefly judge advocate volunteer militia war began political career representing kentucky house representatives elected served decade presidential election acted adams opponent charged negotiations clay agreed support adams president exchange named secretary state chosen whig nominee governor kentucky general election won landslide judge conservative policies helped kentucky recover financial panic end term state experiencing budget state banks resumed payments left office appointed minister mexico president following attempt return defeated democrat defeat home district strong indication decline whig influence kentucky remained active politics sought public office died january early life born virginia february seventh children born family moved kentucky living settling time attended common schools area dismissed studied trade masonry enthusiastically father enrolled private academy near kentucky better instruction common schools gained sound education following instruction academy returned father tradition holds helped build state governor mansion alongside future governor read law office admitted bar commenced practice lancaster kentucky briefly served judge advocate colonel volunteer militia war married died march bear children following death wife married sister congressman future chief justice records referred second wife queen children born result marriage couple raised childhood survived husband died october political career nicknamed black bob known witty known distract audiences opponents campaign speeches playing political career began elected represent kentucky house representatives served respite term elected house_of_representatives elected democratic republican eighteenth congress represented state fourth district general_assembly conducted state fifth district friend ardent supporter candidate gained thirds majority electoral vote presidential election outcome fell vote house_of_representatives political followed served clay eventually clay supporters threw support adams reportedly exchange clay named secretary state called alleged deal corrupt bargain supported adams administration anti administration jackson won presidential contest consistent support clay promoted expansion internal improvements including road bill vetoed jackson clay proposed compromise senate quell crisis introduced clay compromise house election challenged fifth district seat house_of_representatives moore previously represented counties fifth district returned year stint minister vote close house refused seat candidate ordered new election won new election votes term served seek election end term served presidential whig ticket returned kentucky house later year elected year years sought speaker house defeated incumbent speaker vote following year way contest speaker helm ballots helm withdrew race defeated year elected post opposition governor kentucky state convention held august candidates initially forward office governor withdrew consideration leaving contest judge won nomination vote general election defeated democratic opponent judge majority votes cast captured large houses state legislature weeks inauguration prevailed presidential election soon harrison visited discuss appointment friend harrison cabinet december wrote tell general_assembly shortly elect senate seat going accept position president harrison cabinet prefer march general_assembly session elect replacement senate january replied expected named attorney general believed accept post preferred deadline harrison death month inauguration able timeline appointed attorney general march half term state struggling recover financial panic consistent whig views blamed crisis federal government failure state dire financial situation drastically cut spending including suspension construction improvements green kentucky rivers actions greatly reduced state deficit improved credit years office state showed small growing budget surplus generally opposed debt relief measures allow passage minor legislation aid danger property legislation passed expanded types personal property year general_assembly eliminated summer terms circuit courts effectively delaying hearings encouraged banks new small loans legislature followed suit moderately increasing credit extended state banks state economy recovered banks resumed payments state bonds increased value end term kentucky worst economic crisis final acts governor proclaimed thanksgiving day kentucky september leaving office resumed law practice contenders seat contenders consisted fellow democrat ballots winner emerged supporters withdrew nominated eventually won seat diplomat mexico strong supporter whig candidate presidential election taylor won election friend recommended post general taylor declined suggestion instead appointed united_states envoy minister mexico arrived mexico_city february primary responsibility negotiating treaty protect interests american citizens purchased rights construct line transit submitted rough draft treaty mexican officials march nearly months negotiation signed modified treaty june modifications provision tolls mexican produced goods transported route percent united_states goods increase authority exercised mexico protecting route wrote secretary state treaty fell short hoped believed provisions best obtained month signed treaty replaced secretary state response concerns raised americans hoping construct line transit asked attempt obtain certain modifications treaty brought modifications mexican diplomats refused accept speaking blessing administration united_states region force requested concessions mexican government conceded able resist action refused accept modifications treaty learning strong mexican resistance proposed modifications instructed negotiate favorable terms agree january signed second treaty slightly favorable americans time taken sides negotiate treaty public sentiment mexico turned decidedly form treaty united_states mexican government declared agreement american investors grounds provisional government granted right attempted negotiate new treaty acquire rights mexican government february reported expect able reach kind agreement returned home august later political career returning kentucky resumed legal practice away mexico congressional seat kentucky won democrat known district contained estate territory represented whig hadn represented democrat eager avenge loss wanted candidate state convention chose kentucky attorney general nomination received whig factions withdrew march chosen replace met debate april incumbent spoke focused political issues like contrasting higher revenue generated produced higher favored campaign responded appealing party loyalty district claimed democrat typically composed debate angry occasion frequently attempted grabbed coat tails supporters nicknamed remainder campaign enemy abolitionist endorsed charged combined abolitionist views uncle reverend proved secretly abolitionist despite consistent denial congress power interfere institution responded citing newspaper accounts campaign speech indiana behalf speech predicted constitutional convention way kentucky produce document contained provisions gradual emancipation noting ultra men extreme south desire extension slavery candidates received financial support outside district buy votes bribe voters stay home received thousand dollars substantial coming washington banker estimates support ranged won votes received vote recorded votes registered voters considered strongest whig candidate state inability win seat ultimate failure kentucky loss run public office remained active politics death presidential election spoke behalf pennsylvania new_york kentucky urged oppose constitution kansas dissolution generally supported candidates state politics supported candidate presidential election believing represented best hope peacefully resolving tension north south election day health beginning fail died home january buried cemetery kentucky named honor | Robert P. Letcher | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7595_BobHeffron | september july known long serving new_south_wales politician union premier new_south_wales born new_zealand involved socialist labor movements new_zealand later australia joining prominent having stage conspiracy strike action eventually elected disputes party leader led expulsion formed party labor mps known success party enabled party prominence branch won office served minister crown notably minister education deputy premier significant tenure minister education oversaw massive expansion state public schools development higher education services including establishment rising premier spearheaded final attempt abolish referendum ended failure serving premier member years retirement january early years background bob widely known born september thames new_zealand fifth child irish born parents spending early education nearby left school work gold treating plant studying went california work canada look gold proved unsuccessful returned new_zealand joined miners union involved miners strike event significant development labour movement new_zealand appointed studied law time whilst residing family home street grey having volunteered military service world war rejected medical grounds attending doctor citing heart troubles rejection grounds health despite allegation attempt encourage finding smoked packs cigarettes prior medical order avoid military service elder brother enlisted private october killed action days armistice november serving december married daughter norwegian engineer daughters june moved melbourne victoria year victoria appointed joined leftist later moved sydney secretary new_south_wales branch union state secretary role hold years took prominent role maritime trade sydney february commonwealth steamer declared black owing worker disputes ship having declared union representatives acted advise members refuse work port april government sir arrested charge conspiracy strike action refused bail trial judge fellow defendants represented found guilty released july court verdict returned direction judge later joining time showed supporter party leader supporting successful motion state conference party early political career having confirmed credentials stood endorsed labor party candidate seat election held split party stood independent labor candidate denied contest marked clashes accusations ultimately unsuccessful gaining vote eventually successful election defeating hold abolition support enabled accelerate political career found increasingly unhappy divisive political style great depression expulsion branch federal branch ultimate dismissal government governor sir labor defeats hands state elections associated small group caucus aimed leader movement based personal stronghold branches left wing trade unions maintained majority control caucus party machine party newspaper secretary organised conference left wing unions august attended caucus members summoned special party conference august expelled king leaders attended conference result colleague formed known despite expulsion new increasingly winning subsequent elections seats won won june mps unhappy leadership joined result success federal executive pressured party unity conference august combined forces september new leader party declined stand position deputy leader minister crown eventually regained office defeating election elevated ministry minister charged implementation administration new south wales role responsible civil defence air raid precautions new_south_wales increasingly important entry japan second world war december subsequent attacks australia darwin sydney serving june advocated public whilst portfolio declaring living fool paradise australia people idea happening countries happen clashed procedures notably city sydney november denounced advisers continued maintain brown essential defence measure conclusion come brown born form panic japan entered war continued brass hats look facts evidence fighting men persist sticking conclusion position later affirmed brown completely unnecessary black short notice given effective safer defensive measure minister education appointed minister education june authored comprehensive policy new_south_wales education system entitled tomorrow theirs present future education new_south_wales minister important post war era economic growth infrastructure development presided expansion number facilities public schools areas doubling size november appointed director general education commissioned chair committee tasked completely review secondary education system new_south_wales recommendations improvements committee report popularly referred report presented october gave rise public education act brought effect term premier key changes objective presenting students opportunity experience wide range subjects including visual arts industrial arts music drama wide range languages year secondary school system abandoned favour adding year course major statewide external examinations end tenth school certificate twelfth years schooling attitude education extended level intended significantly expand capacity higher level learning july presented proposal cabinet outlining creation technological based university separate institution existing year later cabinet authorised appointment chaired bring new institution existence meeting august council established guidelines regulations set future institution march students enrolled study institution named new south wales university technology gained statutory status enactment carried firm support cause government fully alive need democratic country extend facilities students financial reasons attend present time university courses time second university established australian state establishment institution receiving opposition areas media conservatives came defence article published noting feel new institution given time prove worth quality work graduates september moved bill change following recommendations murray report proposed expansion focus technology fields medicine arts opposition mps objected debate basis posing threat status called came defence university dismissed objections absurd seat abolished largely replaced subsequently elected hold retirement supported general policy education state directed department begin establishment new south wales provide sufficient training expanding numbers teachers filling new schools colleges state established opened facilitated growing calls city newcastle permanent university city indicated support establishment satellite college newcastle initial step establishment university july sought approach officials facilitate efforts university established newcastle soon possible noted moves purchase land city site college indication government intentions didn buy site newcastle fun want provide university newcastle want step providing universities state time opened december affiliation finalised gained momentum notified premier insufficient funds available establishment university early college college premier late moved minister education university come achieved march vice chancellor notified warden professor allowed autonomy january played role establishment discussed thoughts training external studies correspondence courses university rejected idea stating external degree certification programs significantly inferior residence education asked new_england willingness conduct external studies warden later vice chancellor enthusiastically supported idea instructed college staff begin preparing external studies program asked objection new_england granted independence operate state external education program university replied objection result introduced parliament early december received december college independent february deputy premier leadership period cabinet seen prominent performing member government potential contender opportunity came february announced labor caucus intention resign election intention ensuring successor remained prime minister announced appointment governor general order vote ballot february lost votes minister housing favoured catholic conservative caucus members announced resignation grounds ill health april forward candidate succeed deputy premier day ballot april aware numbers caucus win consequently arrangements votes exchange support deputy premier result april defeated attorney general votes premier defeated mines secretary votes deputy premier opponent arthur resigned ministry february set investigate involvement corrupt business activity commissioned replace secretary mines serving february september deputy premier acted absence times included receiving japanese prime minister arrival sydney airport october visit prime minister japan australia role deputy prime importance died suddenly october year old elected succeed unopposed premier new south wales premier sworn cabinet october government house sydney governor sir time premier marked significant tensions nationally split involving avoided term party present increasingly perceived tired divided government year old government consisted mps ministers come election parliament tended reflect leaving speaking roles deputy local government highways minister clear aged best days politician future labor political advisor noted bulletin house tends recalling past minister education minister emergency services answer questions age clichés politicians throws devastating occasionally old radical shown teeth anger minutes reminded great mob led bitter strikes old nemesis took opportunity newspaper century october presided official opening dam completion meant primary reservoir reliable water supply sydney opening declared come way sydney water supply chief justice january provided old friend exit federal politics succeed sir chief justice new south wales attorney general horrified having favoured senior justice sir suitable candidate realising health render equal task chief justice downing attorney general normally person nomination chief justice cabinet refused leaving motion nominate passed narrowly votes downing concerns come pass proved highly ineffective mental physical ill health reduced having written written resigning years chief justice abolition elevation premier following approved motion state conference longstanding labor policy abolish announcing statewide referendum question long supported policy days seeing council outdated conservative privilege position echoed trade union official member tom pushed rule state conference banned members state party executive efforts found significant opposition parties labor party constitution amendment legislative council abolition bill came december council resolved votes send grounds bill originated council passed support seven labor crossing floor including subsequently expelled party formed april attempted send bill council returned assembly grounds result requested governor order joint session parliament april session lasted hours opposition assembly resolved bill submitted referendum later day leader opposition started legal action government grounds section constitution council voted bill bill submitted referendum case majority bench headed chief justice found favour government grounds complied fully intention section denying leave appeal high_court subsequent appeal appeal rejected chief judge equity october subsequent case high_court argued section commonwealth constitution dealt process state filled senate entrenched requirement account exclusive mention houses rejected court affirmed mention exclude right state saw fit abolition reform january announced date referendum april affirmed simple yes question include alternative proposals retaining basis despite lack time allocated campaign opposition led despite rallying moderate slogan retain reform spearheaded strong campaign centered warnings labor dominated single house subject communist influence promised fight abolition end state promised campaign alongside liberals contrast labor campaign described extremely having weakened fact criticism included labor members labor council union officials club result referendum april rejected votes abolition votes attempt abolish council time labor party lost state poll years widely seen beginning end labor government power supporter resigned council month later protest result second term election despite damage prestige represented failed referendum forward new policies including establishment reduce unemployment free school travel aid home buyers commencing construction sydney newcastle freeway toll road election increased margin seats leaving comfortable majority new parliament success attributed time sir federal liberal government following credit squeeze election promises course betting caused considerable tension cabinet attorney general favoured government supervised chief secretary favoured activities existing downing went head order requiring establishment handed march echoing position downing obliged carry establishment issue arose cardinal presented september plan state aid catholic_church schools including assistance teacher salaries capital grants buildings issue highly explosive politics new_south_wales time alive need limited form state support conflict destroy government permitted include state support school laboratories means tested school students budget later dropped school laboratory provision permitting means tested provoked condemnation adelaide september interested traditional catholic hierarchy informed bitterness earlier split party backed provision leaving state aid catholic schools dominance matters tired decades ministerial office resigned premier months later april age announcement came surprise members party existing hints previous months labor caucus discussing departure plan replaced deputy premier insisted decision year prior declaring purely decision complain throwing advising advised hints don notice come outside course coming party succeeded premier june granted queen elizabeth_ii retention title honourable having served years member later life resigning premier remained parliament member retaining seat election witnessing enter opposition time years stayed term retirement january marking thirty seven years parliament speech remarked looking life express happiness politics anybody said minister crown thought card pack young ministry reminds beating dark days depression anybody suggested premier new south wales considered man suitable candidate park passage time things happen matter best tried years youth roman catholic spent adulthood unusually politician time outside describing later years attached beliefs youth australian statesman received official visit vatican july retirement lived north shore suburb wife died aged july admitted patient died aged hospital july survived daughters granted state funeral service sydney attended people including governor premier lewis sent motion august reflected achievements importance term minister education lies merely record length sixteen years lies unprecedented challenges years way met seminal importance years lay claim father modern education system new_south_wales years vast expansion number schools pupils years great experimentation innovation reflecting deep changes community attitudes purposes education years established time equality opportunity education right privileged honours legacy honoured honorary fellow honorary doctor letters august citation reading political career shown man deep sincerity purpose courage convictions turned marched consequence surprising ministerial results educational zeal enthusiasm rapid growth raised level equal best overseas expansion library cultural facilities planning creation new schools colleges higher learning sympathy shown university ready understanding pressing problems awarded honorary doctor science graduation ceremony held campus april citation noted played vital role founding early development university remains sympathetic wise cause written history portrait depicting scarlet old gold robes honorary painted entered year purchased university collection honour role establishment continuing support named newest building robert building honorary doctor letters prince henry hospital named ward building extension honour honour role establishing school boys high school named library library nearby boys high school new library opened school march june resolved newly built community hall burton street hall named new state electorate covers electorate building named honour role establishment preceding teacher colleges campuses named park daughter married dutch sailor trained nurse awarded medal order australia efforts save heritage included building named father years previously | Bob Heffron | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7619_JonathanBelcher | january august merchant businessman politician american colonial period served simultaneously decade colonial governor british colonies new_hampshire massachusetts later years governor new_jersey born wealthy massachusetts merchant family attended entered family business local politics instrumental promoting governor massachusetts sat colony council time eventually joined populist faction sudden death governor successfully acquired massachusetts new_hampshire tenure politically perceived opposition powerful enemies provinces long running border dispute massachusetts new_hampshire sided massachusetts interests despite openly proclaiming neutrality matter later discovered allowed illegal logging crown lands political allies opponents led eventually convinced replace massachusetts new_hampshire border dispute resolved new_hampshire favor appointed governor new_jersey support community unsuccessfully attempted partisan conflicts new_jersey large landowners promoted establishment princeton_university tenure royal governor ill progressive nervous disorder died office massachusetts named early life youth education born cambridge province massachusetts bay january fifth seven children father andrew businessman mother daughter politically connected connecticut merchant indian trader mother died seven father sent live relatives country expanded trading business highly successful trade violation supposedly conducted pirates money wealthiest men massachusetts promote family status sent son listed second order listing rough indication family importance went political careers province allies opponents sisters married politically economically prominent families important connections career january married daughter new_hampshire lieutenant governor occasional business partner father couple children andrew sarah died brother law marriage painter agent father commercial empire graduated harvard age entered father business trading empire father built encompassed trade west_indies europe included shares outright ownership ships spring father sent london business contacts secure military supply contracts relations based father letters introduction london traveled netherlands dutch merchants begin tour western europe seeing sights amsterdam traveled received met future king great_britain george duke calling prussian court berlin returned new_england travels exposed variety religious practices found regular comfort christian services similar leaning eventually came defender faith practice political life years war spanish succession north american theater known war father retained major supplier provincial militia served province general involved management family trading activities traveled london secured major contract admiralty returning massachusetts traveled received court war effort caused economic massachusetts grain supplies military use focus popular discontent food shortages arose late war family warehouses targets mob action beaten mob occasion investments merchant interests included occasional trafficking slaves known owned slaves ordering friend presented enslaved indian second visit despite expressed slavery writing parts wish addition trade family extensive land holdings new_england errors early surveys line massachusetts neighboring connecticut massachusetts early gave lands central portion province connecticut compensation survey errors favor connecticut auctioned equivalent lands buyers lands allocated eventually incorporated inherited property father located connecticut spent significant money unsuccessful attempt property metal particularly copper expanded mining interests acquiring stake connecticut reported having invested ventures failed british law time illegal copper colonies necessitating costly shipment england eventually established technically illegal operation site later state prison accession king george sent london seeking capitalize existing connection new king trip engaged recruiting properties connecticut addition hiring experienced metal england recruited german miners area near known consequence presence previously toured mines mountains visit agent colonel commissioned governor massachusetts new_hampshire new king representing opponents land bank proposal promised support resign left england instrumental promoting alternative believing things likely received new_england prominent family coached political situation province won appointment arrived boston october began difficult contentious tenure office signaled taking residence son appointed governor land bank opponent acting governor elected massachusetts governor council tenure seen political faction generally supported governor consequently council times blocked efforts populist leader struggle continued left province end prosecute differences assembly london increasingly unhappy influence administration brother law followed arrived governor unexpectedly elected boston town meeting election apparently engineered dispute assembly salary exceeded occupied brief tenure common cause issue elected assembly agent london explain colonial position governor salary helped raise funds needed trip governor massachusetts new_hampshire london news arrived governor died suddenly lobbied awarded job governor massachusetts new_hampshire accomplished bypassing appealing directly higher level ministers government earning powerful board secretary opposed nomination accepting appointment effectively promising argue colony favor position sent london argue long tenure served longer massachusetts provincial governor argue colonial politicians acting interest working convince london colonial administrators implementing policies writes consequence trying good terms province administration lost respect massachusetts london arranged lieutenant governor replaced appointment post ironically managed lobbying appointment recommended relations seriously strained dismissed colonial agent received massachusetts arrival immediately began purge opponents supporters positions control immediately notice freely use patronage power political weapon early issue took defending established church ardent establishment massachusetts perceived dangerous attempts adherents church_of_england particular gain church taxes willing exemption relatively modest number refused support numerous politically connected apparent instructed support exemption brought potent support base community london presided meeting indians agreed accept missionaries authorized erection mission house built agreement stands sought improve business conditions boston tours europe opportunity witness comparatively orderly markets dutch cities learned experiences significantly reform previously chaotic markets boston positive feelings prompted boston street honor new_hampshire administration new_hampshire started friendly rapidly turned sour learned lieutenant governor offered support governorship available consequently turned entire clan retaliation took ally bitter opponent relative marriage long tenure lieutenant governor established large power base province land owners merchants powerful enemies biographer influence drove strip allies patronage positions power base generally unhappy new_hampshire tied massachusetts shared governorship resented fact massachusetts man occupied post influence new_hampshire assembly hostile opponents able convince appoint number provincial council objections repeated unsuccessful attempts sympathetic assemblies calling elections times tenure refused enact legislative proposals appointed lieutenant governor new_hampshire died december friendly king surveyor responsible identifying trees suitable use ship masts ensuring illegal logging taking place lands northern new_england work opposition significant number supporters engaged illegal logging lands behavior explicitly governor took steps possible ensure exercise significant powers refusing seat council making frequent trips boston portsmouth exercise authority personally men disliked began moving supporters london lobby replacement long appointment illegal logging activity allies eventually came attention crown advocate provincial admiralty court patron powerful duke newcastle boundary dispute unwilling resolve longstanding boundary disputes new_hampshire massachusetts disputed territory included areas west great bend near present day massachusetts present day concord new_hampshire competing provinces engaging increasingly tense legal action petty violence despite claims neutral matter orchestrated affairs prefer settlement lands north west massachusetts residents dispute eventually reached highest levels government court england new_hampshire advocates separation massachusetts found able spokesman london merchant logging interests convinced establish commission boundary issue despite attempts legislative proceedings advantage massachusetts example allowing new_hampshire assembly day prepare case dispute massachusetts months final ruling boundary issued went significantly new_hampshire favor united opposition representatives political enemies began unified opposition london sought lucrative position sent wife london lobby behalf making common cause wealthy lumber baron supply contracts royal_navy harmed support illegal logging resigned lieutenant governor went london provided documentation logging practices forces united effort replacement massachusetts new_hampshire matters complicated london politics currency crisis massachusetts ordered effect retirement large massachusetts paper currency legislation accomplish rejected leading introduction competing banking proposals province faction dominated landowners proposed land bank merchants proposed bank issue silver backed paper proposals massachusetts political establishment unable sides fear supporters instead sought success assembly passing currency retirement scheme acceptable london elections land bank supporters swept office bank began issuing notes merchant interests opposed land bank began widespread lobbying london parliamentary relief came passed legislation extending bubble act companies colonies likely crisis massachusetts duke newcastle successfully pressured prime minister declare war spain war strategy involved raising provincial forces assist operations spanish holdings west_indies expected raise men promised raise able raise massachusetts promised new_hampshire reluctance extra companies travel caribbean assurances pay supply pursuit financial agenda vetoed bills issue currency fund militia raised exact reasons dismissal recurring subject scholarly interest colonial imperial political factors play principal themes analyses acquisition local enemies idea good imperial governance london eventually required replacement issues efforts failed noted year carrying manner years past historian notes powerful newcastle time generally issues deal colonial politics instance imperial colonial considerations coincided need massachusetts provide significant number troops newcastle proposed west_indies expedition april newcastle effect offered opportunity prove light political difficulties effectively raise troops governor consequently engaged recruiting principally outside massachusetts refused offers assistance understanding going newcastle documentation successes preoccupied banking crisis newcastle handed issue secretary known opponent apparently decided based weight evidence needed replaced april approved commission governor massachusetts commission governor new_hampshire issued following june governor new_jersey fact supplanted came surprise expected lose new_hampshire governorship shocked news commissioning arrived following inauguration retired estate seemingly restless financial need expressed weak interest possibility holding colonial appointment traveled england stopping dublin visit son arrived london joined social circles communities including influential members brother law called colonial administrators hopes acquiring new posting remained years word arrived governor new_jersey died new_jersey strong political establishment immediately began supporters community assist securing post able posting agents morris son time organize effort served governor new_jersey death year arrival provincial capital married second time widow met london september political situation arrive highly riots previous year widespread disagreements land titles land owners controlled provincial council farmers tenants controlled assembly legislation stalled inability assembly council governor resolve differences issues governor morris high handed actions support united previously divided populist factions council province rural different cultures religions unlike predominantly english new england near new_york heavily populated evangelical christians reverend found welcome regularly attended services particularly influenced including leaders great awakening corresponded arrival prompted goodwill resulting passage bills fund government deal ongoing colonial paper currency divisions soon lines believed land issues resolved negotiation parties sought maintain position neutral dispute propelled office interests refused support council moves advance interests received little support assembly assembly council divided issue tax undeveloped lands owned large amounts government short funds controversial matter able establishment known princeton_university college proposed new_jersey evangelical found religious agreement leaders expressed great reservations drive gain charter school grounds vehicle converting children governor morris refused grant death council president acting prior appointment granted charter college opponents pressured withdraw charter instead adopted college cause support expanded board include diversity religious views building constructed college board wanted preferring named honor hailed result building stands known nassau hall supported establishment college library bequeathed personal library legislature remained divided french indian war broke demands support military action brought unity assembly objected increased funding militia refused authorize additional paper currency later demands increased security reluctant support militia action outside province boundaries legislators complained meetings frequently held primarily poor health new_jersey administration ill suffering type progressive disorder summer moved hopes health improve eventually hands paralyzed wife employed write died home august body transported massachusetts buried cambridge personal youngest son appointed chief justice lieutenant governor nova scotia son andrew continued family business father standards served massachusetts governor council children second wife prevail son andrew marry daughter marriage uncle future massachusetts lieutenant governor chief justice great grandfather british admiral reputation exhibiting personality said contemporaries divisions new_jersey wrote caricature arrogant despite belief rational action calculated maneuver acquired governorship took potential assaults power personally reacted attempts destroy enemies personal correspondence friends family supporters names refer opponents applied pressure press boston ensure reasonably favorable coverage legacy massachusetts named home survives listed national_register_of_historic_places contributing property summer home massachusetts destroyed fire portions survived replacement built widow known listed house massachusetts named recognition different time lineage family burial death left instructions buried ardent friend cousin judge father law declaration independence body judge placed monument governor directed raised resting place erected tomb family vault granddaughter married site grave forgotten long search late 1800s local historians found judge buried grave old burying ground cambridge tomb judge judge rest remains chief justice poet family | Jonathan Belcher | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
7776_MladenLorković | march april croatian politician lawyer senior member served foreign minister minister interior independent state croatia world war led plot attempt establish coalition government align croatia allies student joined viewed fled country avoid arrest eventually settled germany obtained doctorate law joined close associate initially commander germany sought support creating protecting croatian state later leader outside italy soon establishment appointed foreign minister strongly opposed italian influence state cabinet chief executed smuggling gold removed office later named minister interior minister interior negotiated hopes establishing coalition government held secret negotiations representatives propose having join allies germany apparently support soon arrested conspirators state period detention executed end april alongside early life born march son prominent politician attended gymnasium supporter later joined began law studies completed austria following escape later earned subject establishment state serbs spoke state croatian university students congress brussels arrested held palace justice taken german border time berlin met later married later divorced august remarried von activities january king alexander dissolved government introduced royal dictatorship newly created viewed placed constant police surveillance november warrant arrest issued succeeded escaping austria later germany keen advocate amalgamation croatian parties super party october swore oath commander units germany later assassination commander outside italy assassination king alexander led briefly detained germany released german court rejected yugoslav request arrested following hearing conducted subsequently left germany moved hungary returned yugoslavia associate editor croatian folk journal editor underground journal published book croatian people lands stated muslims croatia proclamation arrested detained prison later near declaration march signed requested declaration croatian state document sought german support protection recognition axis nations croatia pro german members pre war movement having cultivated political academic ties germany time establishment member temporary government known croatian state leadership april named secretary government formed served foreign minister april served chief contact general croatia cabinet succeeded foreign minister june shortly taking office french authorities fate implicated assassination sentenced life imprisonment actual assassin bulgarian mercenary killed deed french security forces men died prison returned early intervention german occupation forces france later killed allegedly orders july speech designed serbs living lied serbs beaten mutilated tens thousands croatian peasants inter war period august strongly opposed italian request implement civil administration zone italians countered following spring accusing communist discredit pro german views cleared charges police investigation german police claim contact communists early 1930s helped croatian communists appointed honorary member strongly opposed italian influence croatia end wrote note described cooperative efforts italy note officially submitted january italian foreign minister response italian diplomat tried removed office leader wanted form croatian muslim division sent representative begin formal negotiations croatian government february met german foreign ministry envoy represented agreed raise division croatian government disagreed division recruited controlled suggested named croatian unit raised assistance familiar regimental titles concerned exclusively muslim division aid muslim bid independence compromise word croatian included official title croatian catholic officers recruited largely prevailed created division saw fit causing grave dissatisfaction leadership particularly ethnic composition april removed office cabinet chief found guilty gold smuggling executed following removal named minister government presidency responsible relations german_army close associate general summer advocated cooperation represented negotiations vice president august forming coalition government advocated stronger government greater independence activity initiated new government led prime minister named prime minister september associates submitted accepted despite setback continued negotiations september end month capitulation italy september high ranking german officers discussed return territory lost treaty rome april ultimately hitler gave permission croatia annex territory unlimited independence croatia including croatian adriatic coast october named minister interior advocated second term foreign minister april friend removed office agreed remain foreign minister minister interior simultaneously soon replaced foreign minister realising germany lose war cease exist advocated radical changes state policy february wrote detailed memorandum german summarized history current situation fundamental problems problems german_army plot death secretly met president discussed poor state german war effort allies invade balkans taranto month launched initiative renew negotiations conducted apartment secretly met august sought foreign contacts switzerland contact british american officials rebuffed proposed end relations germany join allies proposal supported minister high ranking officers politicians switching sides knowledge consent special session government held august villa guarded armed men accused conspiracy croatia german ally vice president government defended avail kept house arrest tried decided stripped rank expelled trial transferred later alongside later escaped executed end april publishing activities publications time closely tied political activity state obligations number magazines croatia published german french published book croatian people lands focused issue croatian boundaries participated speeches independently published published german | Mladen Lorković | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8056_ThomasLee(Virginiacolonist) | virginia november leading political figure colonial virginia member lee family political dynasty included figures pre american revolutionary war era late 20th century lee involved politics resident manager lady catherine father died inherited land northumberland lee later acquired vast holdings arlington properties developed tobacco plantations lee married benefited connections established harrison family year later member lee home burnt criminals lost possessions fair sum money donations received english commissioners built new home naming hall years later appointed upper house general_assembly founded fellow colonists wished expand virginia territory period year facto governor virginia place absent lee favored appointment governor died biography early life born mount pleasant virginia parents scholar ancestors immigrated virginia fourth son couple lee receive large inheritance older brothers prevent successful politics lee attended college mary lee education referred common virginia education soon interested working tobacco industry left home work uncle tobacco business political career lee political career began appointed naval officer position previously held father resignation lee appointed new naval officer lee uncle helped gain position virginia agent result appointed catherine living england agent resident manager inherited father governor 2nd baron catherine wife 5th baron property consisted approximately million acres included land rivers time lee uncle headed england offices agency located plantation lee supervision poor management agency given governor carter event led animosity competitive lee carter families members families refused marry henry light horse harry lee married notable child thomas held position thomas succeeded father naval officer charge collecting customs south father death lee inherited lands near land maryland adjoining brother thomas leased estate brother london year thomas visited england remaining year lee thought marriage important individuals families nephew later said late worthy lee said fall ruin families estates families estates race engaged year returned england lease plantation married return found husband lee learned lee brother henry negotiated lease years plantation stay england lee decided buy property called plantation time property owned london lee believed virginia gained independence capital located later renamed thomas purchased father old estate sister law wife older brother later known mount pleasant marriage family married december january member prominent harrison family virginia marriage lasted life brought increased wealth status hannah daughter philip couple children survived adulthood lee february february january february december april member editor january january united_states declaration independence lee october january united_states declaration independence june march august june december december tragic year lee family january thieves broke house stealing lee family plate jewelry articles value leaving set fire plantation house fire destroyed entire plantation including thomas office possessions destroyed pounds cash equal today house quickly burned pregnant fourth child thrown chamber window second floor resulted hannah son named john injured fire slave girl died virginia governor blamed transported crime said col lee loss pounds equal today english commissioners later gave lee pounds equal today compensation gave money private purse help rebuilding accomplice later found guilty punishment unknown trial records destroyed construction began new lee mansion family stayed thomas brother henry lee hall lee sold estate son built mount pleasant lee political career required trips causing away family extended periods time lee managed mile journey family wife children sons high ranking political figures active american revolutionary war post revolution politics senator virginia united_states senate lee youngest sons served diplomats european countries william drafted unofficial treaty united_states netherlands great_britain reason fourth anglo dutch war lee later parish justice peace lee member held office appointed position lifetime appointment council selected governor virginia upper half lower half position gave lee rank colonel military rank second governor members council advisers governor judges colony work led spend year capital governor recalled england lee named president commander chief colony nominated appointment governor virginia king died took place lee appointed commissioner negotiate treaty agreement nations pounds equal today return right travel settle lee founded duke land speculation venture helped lee influence member helped lead success seven years company families living ohio president company lee died succeeded hall lee higher rank society wealth decided needed build mansion secure position virginia gentry chose owned lee decided site located born located land sufficient having construction laborers live hannah influential design planning interior house philip couple eldest son said ruled woman living house like father persuaded wife inferior dwelling head exact construction date house unknown estimated construction began lee sons born workers plantation working class free people servants british isles african slaves lee acquired vast holdings arlington counties town named honor recommended sons founders trustees died january having borne children buried old family burying ground called burnt house fields mount pleasant later removed hall probably built new vault place november died age buried old burnt house fields according wished buried wife mother bequeathed eldest son plantation nephew | Thomas Lee (Virginia colonist) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8102_MatthewCharlton | march december politician born rural victoria moved new south wales age worked coal primary education married interest politics early middle age joined union strikes wage reductions year stint returned rejoined local workers union treasurer won election seat transferred northumberland won seat hunter rose ranks government staying period opposition rose ranks party leader lost election campaign partly hospitalised illness course invited meeting united_nations unsuccessful getting australia adopt geneva protocol established meeting union strikes party lost election held year resigned died december early life little recorded early life grew relatively unknown mining district known born march victoria small town near today residents born english durham née year old father moved family suburb newcastle new south wales primary education began work coal children job opening coal old job given job coal face married nearby emerging interest politics plans reduce coal workers wages led strike action supported struggle wage reductions effort failed miners moved near years returned official treasurer occupying position prepared arbitration cases battling improvement workers conditions attended trade union congress november moved coal mining industry believing eliminate cut throat competition owners depressed miners wages conditions idea opposed radical compromise drawn urging state governments open run coal mines ultimate state political career colleagues urged stand state electoral district december second member district new south wales legislative assembly representation district short lived year transferred northumberland replacing unofficial spokesperson miners speaking principally mining matters parliament coal miners strike struck new_south_wales called represent wage board unsuccessful gaining better conditions miners settle dispute talking miners state convincing return work resigned state politics federal sitting hunter remained safe labor seat early federal career immediate success promoted temporary committees house threatened resign dispute government delays granting committee increased powers fisher proved loyalty new labor leader voting hughes conscription referendum bill opposed conscription fought hard accept result referendum proved loyalty hughes defending target caucus criticism attempted attacks hughes party conference hughes left party decision new labor leader weak leader health political prowess successor designate chosen caucus chosen died filled deputy leadership position election year tudor died going election leader opposition offered alternative policies looked favourite hospitalised illness halfway campaign labor won seats single party unable defeat strong government coalition labor remained opposition great losses world war opposed military training commitments australian forces invited united_nations conference geneva switzerland conference strongly opposed war geneva protocol took form return australia advocated adoption protocol government sided british refused observe lost election largely stance industrial relations continual militant union action plagued campaign aided maintaining relations party times lent expertise conflicts branch resigned positions march successor went prime minister australia managed final years following years service labor leader took interest local government merger city newcastle december died new south wales grew lived life named honour safe labor seat creation abolition | Matthew Charlton | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8472_KenLivingstone | born june english politician served leader greater london council council abolished mayor london creation office served suspended member labour_party party hard left identifying democratic socialist born working class family joined labour elected represent elected leader labour members attempting reduce london underground plans challenged court declared unlawful successful schemes benefit women minorities despite stiff opposition heavily criticised mainstream media supporting controversial issues like lgbt rights given moniker red vocal opponent government prime minister abolished elected east closely associated anti racist campaigns unsuccessfully stood labour_party leader leftist platform vocal critic new labour project pushed party centre failing labour candidate london mayoral election successfully contested election independent candidate term mayor london introduced congestion charge card articulated buses unsuccessfully opposed government despite opposition blair government issues like iraq war invited stand election labour candidate elected expanding transport policies introducing new environmental regulations civil rights policies initiating overseeing london winning bid host summer olympics major redevelopment city leadership july london bombings widely praised stood unsuccessfully labour candidate london mayoral elections losing conservative candidate characterised truly successful left wing british politician modern times highly controversial figure british politics supporters lauded efforts improve rights women lgbt people ethnic minorities london critics accused connections irish republicans early life childhood young adulthood born grandmother house south london june family working class mother née born training dancer working music hall circuit prior second world war scottish father born joining ship master having met april music hall married months war couple moved aggressive mother williams considered sister born years later robert went jobs post war years working fishing english channel ferries worked catalogue dispatch cinema parents working class unlike conservative voters time hold socially conservative views race sexuality opposing racism family nominally anglican abandoned christianity moving hill council housing estate attended failing plus exam began secondary education family purchased property road west shy school bullied got trouble year form master encouraged pupils debate current events interesting politics related little home bringing topics dinner table father interest politics papal election pope man strong impact united_states presidential election hill comprehensive gained interest amphibians reptiles keeping pets mother worried focusing school work cared pet friends school attained levels english literature geography art subjects later described easy ones started work stay non compulsory sixth form required levels worked technician cancer research laboratory looking animals experimentation technicians helped found branch fight imposed company bosses leftist views solidified election labour prime minister friend toured west_africa visiting algeria interested region wildlife rescued infant eaten children zoo returning home took protest marches anti vietnam war movement increasingly interested politics briefly publication socialist group solidarity political activism joined labour_party march years old later describing recorded instances rat climbing aboard sinking ship time leaving disgust labour government support vietnam war cuts budget restrictions trade unions went join far left parties like single issue groups like suffering mass electoral defeat local elections london labour lost including came conservative control believed campaigning student protests ineffective joining labour considered best chance implementing progressive political change joining local labour branch involved operations month chair secretary young gaining place constituency sitting prepared labour manifesto borough election hoping better qualifications attended night school gaining levels human anatomy physiology level leaving job september began year course teacher training college attendance poor considered complete waste time beginning romantic relationship president student union couple married realising conservative governance council hard aided reaching members local populace traditional labour leadership leftist founded wake student protests encouraged members branch join labour involvement led dismissal student union disagreed secondary school pupils comrades developed new strategy obtaining political power borough focusing campaigning marginal seats south borough safe labour seats north left established party members public dissatisfaction conservative government prime minister led labour best local government results 1940s labour gained marginal seat borough returned labour control october father died heart attack mother soon moved lincoln year labour members voted vice chairman london borough council job local government reforming housing system chairman cancelled proposed rent increase council housing temporarily halting construction europe largest tower blocks founded ensure homeless families immediately houses increased number compulsory purchase orders private rented properties converting council housing faced opposition reforms cancelled central government embroiled fighting labour powerful positions members adopting involved number groups active labour viewing potential allies friends members socialist charter cell affiliated labour party struggle labour influenced convinced oppose use british troops northern_ireland believing simply nationalist protests british rule stood leftist candidate april defeated reforms early years june campaign orchestrated selected labour candidate elections won seat votes firm lead conservative rival led dominated labour controlled seats compared controlled conservatives labour members including staunch representing continued councillor vice chairman criticising council dealings borough homeless learning council pursued racist policy best housing white working class families went public evidence published august publicly threatened resign council failed honour longstanding promises homeless families staying dilapidated halfway accommodation frustrated council failure achieve resigned december considered radical labour management allocated relatively position vice chairman monitoring release soft pornography like board members opposed cinematic censorship view changed increasing availability violent pornography growing support labour march elected executive responsible drawing manifesto group lists candidates council parliamentary seats turning attention housing vice chairman sacked april vocal opposition administration decision cut house building budget coming elections recognised difficulty retaining seat instead selected labour safe seat following retirement accused ensured leftist labour remain fell conservative hands turning houses parliament moved north london june selected local party members labour parliamentary candidate constituency beating gained notoriety publicly support controversial issue lgbt rights declaring supported reduction age consent male sex activity line different sex age consent active politics london borough elected putting forward radical reforms council housing meetings welcoming local people year reformed rate collection system changed rent procedures implemented compulsory purchase orders increase council housing criticised senior colleagues incompetent excessively ambitious accused encouraging borough council housing increase local support base internal crisis labour activist group struggled greater party management joined activists july helping unify small hard left groups labour victory producing sporadically published paper views criticised labour prime minister anti working class january britain hit series public sector worker strikes came known winter discontent council employees went strike demanding hour limit working week weekly wage increase backed urging grant demands eventually getting way district government appointed monitored council finances claimed reckless illegal taking court found guilty held personally responsible measure forced pay massive disqualified public office years ultimately judge threw case general election held united_kingdom standing labour candidate defeated incumbent conservative weakened government lost conservatives leader prime minister staunch right free market advocate bitter opponent labour movement following electoral defeat told blame lay solely labour government policies anti democratic attitude calling greater party democracy turn socialist platform popular message labour activists amassed primary leftist trend narrowly missed elected deputy leader labour september new party leader head left inspiration prophet best known left labour greater leadership leader inspired planned october called meeting labour entitled taking beginning publication monthly newsletter london labour briefing focused increasing leftist power london labour party urged stand candidates upcoming election time came choose lead election challenged moderate april vote beat votes september separated wife remained moving small flat avenue pet reptiles amphibians divorced october began relationship chair turned attention achieving labour victory exchanging safe seat marginal seat won seat votes conservatives learned plans proclaiming labour victory lead takeover london britain press picked story headline stop red ineffective election labour victory installed head hours deposed members party replaced called caucus supporters announcing intent challenge leadership invited assembled stand posts meeting ended having agreed slate candidates clock held labour meeting attendees called immediate leadership election defeated votes entire left caucus slate elected day leftist coup deposed sir replacing left group controlled proclaimed coup illegitimate asserting labour danger leftist mainstream right wing press criticised coup daily_mail called left wing sun nicknamed red stating victory meant steam ahead red socialism london issued warning use tactics control government erosion democracy surely begin joined rallying proclaiming like time parliamentary democracy plotting impose nation peoples eastern_europe cast aside leader leader initiated changes converting building temple meeting room removing privileges enjoyed members senior officers initiated open door policy allowing citizens hold meetings committee rooms free charge county hall gaining nickname people palace took great pleasure watching disgust expressed conservative members non members began building restaurant london labour briefing announced london vicious election time labour_party won working majority radical socialist programme stated job sustain holding operation time conservative government brought replaced left wing labour government perception allies constituted genuine opposition government foot labour leadership dismissed hoped soon replace widespread public perception leadership illegitimate mainstream british media remained hostile hard left received levels national press attention normally reserved senior members parliament press interview arranged evening standard portrayed ruthless sun editor took particular interest establishing reporting team dig dirt unable uncover information focusing love amphibians personality trait mocked media sources satirical journal referred proceeding erroneously claim received funding libel november journal apologised awarding damages court settlement new appointments governance appointed key chair finance chair new sir chairman appointed chair housing stayed positions including transport chair chair industry created biographer described second administration leading calm supportive environment turning attention parliament attempted selected labour candidate constituency place felt affinity friends lived time strife competing factions battled control attempting gain support hard soft left securing significant level support local party members nonetheless failed apply candidacy time incumbent selected labour candidate subsequent vote council meeting revealed local labour members voted united_kingdom general election went win constituency labour began presenting late night television chat transport policy greater london labour manifesto elections written leadership determined special conference london labour party october speech decisive transport policy manifesto focused job creation schemes cutting issues administration turned primary manifesto focus pledge known focused reducing freezing lower rate based fare freeze implemented widely considered moderate mainstream policy labour hoped public transport reducing congestion october implemented policy cutting fund planned increase london rates legality policy challenged conservative leader london borough complained constituents having pay cheaper london underground operate borough initially found favour took issue court appeal judges lord lord justice oliver lord justice reversed previous decision finding favour november proclaimed policy illegal forbidden choosing run deficit perceived interest appealed decision taking case house_of_lords december law lords unanimously ruled favour putting permanent end policy transport chairman labelled judges maintained belief judicial decision politically motivated initially presenting motion labour groups refuse comply judicial decision continue policy regardless voted commentators claimed order save face labour left instead got board campaign known fair order bring change law policy legal alternate movement pay won pay accused sell insisted proceed policies regardless legality aspect reforms maintained new system flat ticket zones inter ticket continues basis system new measures hope reducing modest taking roughly price administration took office ruled legal january subsequently implemented nuclear administration founded create employment investing industrial regeneration london funds provided council workers pension fund financial markets later claimed tried achieve policies implemented labour left attempts prevent sale council housing largely failed strong opposition conservative government attempted carry promise cut price school meals capital forced abandon plans following legal advice pay disqualified public office administration took strong stance issue nuclear proclaiming london nuclear free zone halted annual spending million nuclear war defence plans deputy proclaiming challenging absurd approach armageddon published names politicians administrators survival underground event nuclear strike london government remained highly critical moves putting propaganda campaign explaining argument necessity britain nuclear counter soviet_union policies administration advocated measures improve lives minorities london percentage city population called rainbow coalition allocated small percentage expenditure funding minority community groups including english collective prostitutes women rape woman place rights women believing groups initiate social change increased annual funding voluntary organisations million million provided loans groups coming barrage press criticism awarding loan works widely labelled pornographic july founded gay lesbian june established believing racist organisation appointed head monitor force activities considering police highly political organisation publicly remarked canvas police flats election time find conservatives think bit national conservatives mainstream press largely critical measures considering termed left claiming served fringe interests criticisms exhibited racist sentiment number journalists fabricated stories designed discredit left instance claiming workers drink coffee solidarity country socialist government leader banned use term black liner rhyme black sheep perceived racially writing bbc reporter noted administration policies ultimately failure role helping change social attitudes women minorities london remained enduring legacy ireland invited wedding charles prince wales july republican critical monarchy wished couple turned offer permitted irish republican protesters hold steps county hall wedding celebrations actions enraged press administration supported people march jobs demonstration anti unemployment protesters marched london allowing sleep county hall catering costing critics argued illegally public money political causes orchestrated propaganda campaign government january sign county hall clearly visible stating number unemployed london september began production weekly newspaper edited published press owned financed funding libya iraq commercial relationship leader controversial british disapproved violent nature labour herald folded exposed sex ousted leadership supporter irish connections left wing irish republican party july met mother imprisoned militant taking irish hunger strike day publicly proclaimed support prisoners hunger strike claiming british government fight sort campaign terrorism colonial war heavily criticised meeting statements mainstream press prime minister claimed comments constituted statement heard soon met children irish protestant killed bomb attack october bombed london killing injuring denouncing attack informed members misunderstanding view criminals strong political motives violence long ireland mainstream press criticised comments sun labeling man britain response proclaimed press coverage ill founded utterly context distorted opposition attacks british rule northern_ireland pressure mounted october publicly attacked street members militia friends second incident attacked far right shouting pub known green paramilitary plotted kill abandoning plan convinced security services agreed meet president supporter adams invited london labour members troops campaign december day invitation bombed bar killing soldiers civilians aftermath pressured cancel meeting expressing horror bombing insisted meeting proceed adams connection secretary banned adams entry britain prevention terrorism temporary provisions act february visited adams constituency receiving hero welcome local republicans july adams finally came london invite allowing present views mainstream british audience televised interviews august interviewed irish state radio proclaiming britain year occupation ireland destructive holocaust publicly criticised labour members press expressed solidarity government cuba economic turn receiving annual christmas gift cuban cuban embassy controversy war united_kingdom battled argentina control stated belief islands belonged people military ruling country british victory remarked britain finally able beat hell country smaller weaker worse governed challenging conservative government proclaimed peace year ties order advocate international nuclear measure opposed government keeping outlook banned marching past county hall year proclaimed anti racism year july london city control socialist press continued administration funding volunteer groups perceived represented fringe interests biographer remarked far contentious grant given february group called founded group mothers united campaign nuclear weapons members london labour groups controversial statements believing detrimental party leading labour members supporters defect highlighted labour failure secure seat north west election sign labour prospects called removal assistant defended position boss television radio outlets welcomed interviews described biographer having best television styles contemporary politician medium speak wider audience gaining widespread public support attributed self colourful language complete fire lack coupled popular policies like abolition general election proved disastrous labour support went social democrat liberal alliance entered second term office foot replaced man considered publicly attributed labour electoral failure leading role party capitalist wing played arguing party promote socialist program national reconstruction overseeing banks major industry allowing investment new development considering waste rate money government keen abolish control stating intention electoral manifesto secretary state employment norman labour dominated high spending odds government view world commented huge gulf cultural values group considered right proper government felt confident sufficient opposition administration abolish according poll april dissatisfied satisfied attempting fight proposals devoted million campaign led focusing press campaigning advertising parliamentary lobbying campaign sent party conference convinced parties oppose abolition slogan publicly highlighted london capital city western_europe directly elected body campaign successful polls indicating majority support retaining council march public servants held hour strike support government remained committed abolition june house_of_commons passed local government act votes favour senior members resigned seats august force issue abolition conservatives declined contest comfortably elected low turnout formally abolished midnight march marking occasion holding free concert festival hall capacity leader invited visit australia israel following months leftist groups countries allen undertook week trek base camp member parliament defeated represent labour north west london constituency general election election came narrowly defeated conservative candidate retained term found atmosphere uncomfortable labeling absolutely tribal asserting like working exhibits stuffed hostility allocated office fellow leftist took personal secretary remain years maiden speech parliament july parliamentary privilege raise number allegations operative northern_ireland despite convention maiden speeches non controversial alleged tried expose loyalist 1970s denounced claims utterly september elected labour voted october replaced tried pull labour centre worked strengthen socialist elements party continued opinions known refusing pay controversial poll tax revoked labour mps oppose british involvement gulf war january conversely supported nato intervention balkans bombing serbia general election led conservatives narrow victory resulting resignation head labour forward proposed replacement deputy selected taking positions instead smith died potential leader withdrew lack support instead selected predicting right wing leader labour history blair supporters sought reform party leftist elements taking centre ground creating new labour asserting hard left figures like represented enemy reform unsuccessfully fought blair attempts remove clause promoting industry labour constitution saw betrayal party socialist roots warned growing influence spin doctors party called blair sack high_court judge criticised libel trial blair reforms led labour landslide victory general election resulting formation labour government december joined labour revolt blair attempts cut benefits single mothers march publicly criticised advocating awful lot nonsense attempting london underground scheme elected beating position continued association members group group leader important adviser teaching economics investing advanced computer ross machine undertake complex economic analysis basis began publishing members group trusted advisers founded campaign group anti racist alliance came closely associated campaigned racist murder rise far right ongoing rivalry anti nazi league political significance waned gained work media commenting press started use thought harmless receive outside earnings founded company known authored autobiography voting changed abolish conducted journalism stood disk jockey served judge year published second book labour programme 90s expressed views variety issues year employed promote red leicester cheese appear alongside october began writing column right wing tabloid sun controversial british column discussed love amphibians campaigned protection great basis appointed vice president subsequently began write food column evening standard making regular appearances bbc got news invited appear track band mayor london mayoral election prominent public figures arguing implementation directly elected large cities like london idea london mayor included labour election manifesto election referendum scheduled yes vote turnout mayoral election scheduled march stated intention stand potential labour candidate position blair want claiming knocked party edge cliff extinction 1980s labour spin doctors organised campaign ensure selected campbell unsuccessfully attempting king failed convince stand instead encouraged reluctant stand recognising member vote election probably selected blair ensured votes come rank file members trade unions labour mps pressure voting preferred candidate deeply uncomfortable information campaign public costing support impact mps won candidacy proclaimed candidate stated intention run independent candidate aware result expulsion labour publicly stated forced choose party love democratic rights polls indicated clear support london electorate campaign run associates gained support wide range celebrities musicians like artists like fields donated campaign half required march agreed public apology house_of_commons criticised failure properly register outside interests worth election took place came second preference votes conservative candidate came second started acceptance speech saying interrupted years ago mayoral term largest direct mandate politician british history receiving annual salary mayor job oversee number subordinate bodies including london granted number executive powers elected chairman labour politician dislike permitted principal advisers members people worked ross closest commenting aren closest political advisers best friends promoted senior aides resulting allegations assembly members mayoral office initially based temporary headquarters westminster purpose built building constructed termed city hall officially opened queen elizabeth_ii july commenting resembled glass years devoted setting mayoral system administration devoted time battling plans upgrade london underground system public private partnership program believing expensive state owned service furthermore strong concerns safety divide different parts underground companies argued threatened safety maintenance program concerns shared trade union went strike issue joined picket line appointing transport commissioner duo argued upgrade carried state hands public bond issue case new_york_city subway launched court cases government ultimately unsuccessful project went ahead underground january initially stated administration sought phase use buses design dated 1950s iconic deemed hazardous responsible high number deaths injuries passengers climbed non wheelchair accessible meeting requirements disability discrimination act process gradual decommissioned december replaced new fleet articulated buses known colloquially buses launched june fitted people time articulated buses fitted passengers deemed dangerous attempting reduce london environmental impact created term mayor london mayor energy strategy green light clean power committed london reducing emissions carbon dioxide relative level sought remove square tried seed sellers introduced hawks scare north square transforming public space cafe public toilets lift disabled introduced annual day festival celebrate contributions irish london revived london free anti racism music festival called rise later london decrease racist attacks anti racist policies continuing support lgbt rights set britain register sex couples falling short legal marriage rights register seen step civil partnership act relationship ended november remained friends started relationship having children thomas born december born march party got argument friend reporter evening standard subsequently fell wall bruised ribs press claimed pushed insisted liberal democrats referred matter ruled evidence wrongdoing behalf proposed election manifesto february administration introduced congestion charge covering square miles central london charging motorists day driving area introduced attempt deter traffic reduce congestion took london underground work tried inspire use public transport cars policy highly controversial strongly opposed businesses resident groups roads lobby labour government commentators recognised opposition resulted policy abandoned lead end political career year named politician year implementation bold imaginative scheme scheme resulted marked reduction traffic central london resulting improved bus services claim charge reduced congestion encourage use public transport june card system introduced bus underground journeys free people aged came support proposal olympic games held london insisted games held east end result urban regeneration program centred gained support labour culture secretary convinced government plans london potential locations games alongside paris madrid moscow new_york_city paris widely expected eventual victor london prove successful nomination major development project launched february london plan administration laid intentions deal city major housing shortage ensuring construction new homes year stressed deemed affordable housing later critics highlight affordable housing new constructions exceed control government policy immigration resulted significant growth foreign arrivals coming london administration london population grew reach million didn oppose encouraging racial equality celebrating city condemned involvement iraq war involved stop war campaign november headlines referring president greatest threat life planet bush official visit organised alternative peace reception city hall everybody anti war vietnam veteran guest honour success congestion charge square led labour leadership reconsider position blair admitting party asking stand mayoral candidate election agreed candidate volunteered subordinate position deputy campaigning election highlighted record congestion charge free bus travel extra buses extra police officers main competitor conservative campaigned primarily policy congestion charge continued court controversy campaign june quoted guardian website saying long day wake find swinging lamp posts got proper government represents people saudi_arabia widely criticised month came criticism sectors left urging members cross picket lines proposed underground strike latest offer extremely generous leading general secretary step board member london mayoral election announced winner june won preference votes liberal democrat candidates eliminated second preferences voters picked choice counted won second mayoral term amid war terror threat sought build closer ties london muslim community agreeing meet groups like britain alongside moderate organisations july attended conference discussing france ban talked alongside described authoritative muslim scholars world today argued influence help stop young british muslims controversial jewish lgbt organisations criticising citing record anti semitic remarks meeting leading publicised argument supporter continued champion palestinian cause israel palestine conflict march accusing israeli prime minister war criminal responsible massacre second term continued support london bid host olympic games playing crucial role securing vital russian support bid july ceremony held singapore attended london announced victor resulting widespread celebration following day british born suicide bombers undertook attacks underground bus killing civilians gave speech singapore denouncing attackers terrorists immediately returning london informing bbc western foreign policy largely blame attacks response situation widely praised opponents fearing backlash city muslim minority initiated advertising campaign counter holding rally inter community unity second failed suicide bombing attack took place july aftermath police officers shot dead brazilian tourist bomber police initially lied killing resulting widespread condemnation defended actions commissioner left party february reporter evening standard attempted ask question street aware jewish accused acting like concentration camp guard asserting worked supported daily_mail evening standard initially comments leaked guardian resulting accusations anti british jews calls including holocaust survivors group deputy daughter holocaust survivor refused asked deal issue february found guilty bringing office suspended office month decision controversial arguing board power suspend elected official october overturned decision suspend alienated london jewish community denied charges anti holding regular meetings city jewish groups introducing public celebrations square december came accusations anti march asserting businessmen david return iran like britain claimed mistakenly believed iranian muslims reality indian jews refused instead offering complete apology people iran suggestion linked way brothers march publicly criticised foreign london refused pay congestion charge conditions vienna convention diplomatic relations criticism focused diplomat condemning little embassy refusing pay million believed owed february administration doubled congestion charge zone extending westwards despite opposition resident groups october government agreed ahead billion project construct train line central london linking essex felt opposition public private partnership companies controlled underground collapsed july state having intervene protect service welcomed construction london giving ahead constructed including considered necessary fill demand office space criticised groups individuals notably charles prince wales concerned preservation historic welcomed president london hosting event city hall condemned conservatives claiming democratic socialist government undermined democracy proceeded accept presidency pro information centre november travelled latin_america visit entourage stayed cuba cost british sources condemned visit waste tax money august announced come agreement oil rich venezuela government supply million year worth free oil use half priced bus benefits return london provide expertise running transport services waste management helped organise square event square commemoration islamic festival october travelled new_york_city attend conference major world cities deal issues leading figures conference called cities adopt congestion charging environmental measure august issued public apology behalf london role slave trade selected anniversary revolution speech asserted resistance enslaved persons philanthropy wealthy whites led trade end week later attended unveiling statue parliament square met june criticised planned million thames water plant united_kingdom calling step environmental policy encouraging people use water october stated gone promise chair developing provide million funding project government failed provide absolute control board intended stand labour candidate election time conservative candidate start campaign took johnson seriously referring formidable opponent face political career labour campaign revolved criticising johnson perceived racist comments past johnson denied proposed win term increase congestion charge fee vehicles removing introduce cycling scheme based system paris campaign highlighted officers highlighting statistics indicate falling crime rates city recent rise gang killing young people teenagers having killed gang warfare johnson campaign emphasised idea johnson administration far tougher youth crime anti social behaviour controversy campaign december evening standard journalist alleged close advisers million fund black community groups closely associated stood claimed evening standard campaign racist ultimately agreed suspend investigation took place independent report affair district july found evidence funds noted significant gaps financial election took place witnessed turnout approximately eligible voters johnson receiving preference votes second preference votes added johnson proved victorious post mayoral career unsuccessful election newly elected mayor johnson paid tribute considerable achievements hoping new administration discover way continue benefit transparent love london johnson administration reversed number policies instance deal oil intent giving venezuela advice promised august announced advising urban planning predicted years world city hoped help extensive network contacts domestically internationally january responded war calling european_union bring home ambassadors israel express disapproval slaughter systematic murder innocent arabs september march presented book review programme epilogue iranian state sponsored international news channel came criticism iranian exile groups july spoke praising working class culture speech attack spending cuts new coalition government claiming necessary september criticised public spending cuts announced recently elected democrat coalition government stated amounted billion year london dreams threatening result widespread division poverty capital said appalled shot dead special forces kid values western democracy best demonstrated trial words challenged stood labour candidacy mayoral candidate campaign attracted criticism joked election simple choice good evil accused anti supporters suggesting largely wealthy jewish community vote denied making comments apologised johnson campaign emphasised accusation guilty tax called johnson bare faced political scientist believed campaign suffered focus criticising johnson presenting alternate progressive vision london future suggesting decades public eye come seen familiar politically tired figure london electorate defeated london incumbent mayor difference votes candidates receiving votes johnson receiving votes criticised bias media declared politics remained publicly critical johnson coming years april admitted feared johnson right wing course johnson instead concluded fairly lazy wants little work leadership endorsed labour candidate london mayoral election july endorsed labour_party leadership election elected labour leader prominent allies november appointed labour defence review alongside appointment criticised shadow defence minister expressed view knew little defence damage party reputation responded claiming jones spoken clinical depression needed psychiatric help jones took offense initially refused subsequently urging faced criticism following television appearance stated perpetrators london bombings carried actions retribution involvement iraq war march courted controversy comparing fund donation labour funding children group subsequently emerged received fund leading accusations suspension labour_party april commented publicly suspension labour removed party revealed comments facebook suggesting israeli jews relocated united_states stated general election completely rude asserted orchestrated campaign israel lobby anybody israeli policy stated adolf hitler supporting went mad ended killing million jews defended claims reference age commentators suggested referring agreement nazi germany germany statements criticised historians said historically inaccurate involved public argument subject labour subsequently suspended labour_party membership bringing party labour mps called suspension founder group called leave politics altogether khan called expulsion party subsequent interview expressed regret mentioning hitler jews added going telling truth announced decision expel internal inquiry whilst insisted basis book saying truth offence following controversy questioned jewish ancestry mother stating speculate jewish grandmother sacked spring quoted daily_telegraph saying comments hitler conservative minister hosted saturday morning current affairs programme years political views labour_party aligned hard left noted entire approach politics revolved simply providing public services trying change society words wanted away concept old white men coming general management committees talking rubbish collection biographer john journalist guardian remarked political motivation fundamental desire cooperative society leading oppose concentrations power exploitation forms economic racial sexual described approach fiscal policy right beginning leader paid debt year absolutely firm rule describes socialist stated politics religion moral framework believe socialist society inherently best thing like act faith stated believe day idea main means production owned private individuals considered anti democratic idea tied land alive day comes worked unified socialist british left disliked tendency forming rival factions usually issues political theory socialist community rejecting political career worked alongside far left groups involved politics street worked groups advocate destruction labour_party way forward socialism seeing beliefs incompatible consistently opposed actions israeli government interview said existence israel government recalled visit country got left wing politicians consistently rejected defined particular ideological current socialism recognising labour_party leader asserted defined understanding politics arises studies animal behaviour rejecting idea human species naturally progressing view advocated like instead took view human society coming terms massive socio economic changes experienced development agriculture highlighting hunter mode natural human species believes modern society adopt hunter values mutual operation emphasis human relationships order survive personal life historian noted gifted self publicist able opponents sense humour echoed comments highlighting talent public speaking biographer noted worked commented excellent boss good decisive supportive friendly modest colleague reporter spectator expressed view person hard dislike notable absence manner laughter love ideological scrap allied calm style delivery looks paper guardian journalist described man periphery hates especially called media political opponents respect issue expressed view identifies english british father scottish supports continued existence united_kingdom raised nominally christian family renounced religious belief interview commented rejected favour rational science known enthusiasm keeping breeding person breed captivity big fan godfather film franchise stating actions criminal organisations movies akin world politics family repeatedly attempted family life private commenting expect private life public domain rude journalist turns home known children married marriage ended divorce time involved director couple separated november entered relationship office manager son daughter married september live fathered children prior boy mother girls children born different women involved according article memoir describes old friend keen children feared running time involved romantically knew know wonderful mother said like father children daughter born friend said like children agreed baby son born weeks daughter legacy influence career public opinion widely recognised risk supporters described people anti politician politician opining common touch working class british politicians lacked widely recognised having improved status minority groups london deemed formidable operator city hall intimate knowledge london criticised career faced repeated accusations favouring chosen aides staff supporters commented leadership culture bullying city hall denied staff widely criticised denounced career faced repeated accusations favouring chosen aides staff supporters commented leadership culture bullying city hall denied staff 1980s image featured version voiced bbc produced episode entitled continues played portrayal playing hollywood movie wrote song episode released single love anger | Ken Livingstone | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8529_J.ProctorKnott | august june representative kentucky served 29th governor kentucky born kentucky moved missouri began political career served missouri attorney general resigned swear oath allegiance federal government prior outbreak civil war briefly imprisoned refusal oath allegiance returned kentucky elected notable speech bill westward expansion railroads speech remote town minnesota speech eventually reprinted publications brought national acclaim stand election instead making failed run office governor returned house served chair judiciary committee left congress successful run governor secured major reforms education pursuit tax reform term governor delegate state constitutional convention professor kentucky helped organized college law school served dean law school illness forced retire died home lebanon kentucky june early life born kentucky august son father early age later attended public school counties began study law relocated memphis missouri admitted bar commenced practice served offices circuit court county married november died birth couple child august january married cousin political career political career began elected represent served chair judiciary committee conducted hearings judge resigned seat legislature august accept governor appointment fill term missouri attorney general elected term attorney general january missouri called convention determine follow lead pro slavery states union sympathetic southern cause opposed methods position carried convention vote majority resigned position attorney general oath allegiance required federal government result refusal practice state missouri imprisoned short time house_of_representatives returned kentucky opened legal practice lebanon elected democrat legislator opposed reconstruction agenda radical republicans ratification fourteenth fifteenth amendments elected second term stand election notable action legislator occurred near end stint congress january delivered satirical speech bill provided seven land grants financial concessions railroads westward expansion speech singled proposed line river minnesota point derided town need railroad repeatedly referring map asking located following speech railroad bill killed congress day speech known brought national acclaim copies speech reprinted sold residents apparently offended speech extending offer visit city accepted offer city near incorporated adopted present minnesota unsuccessful bid governor kentucky losing democratic nomination elected house_of_representatives serving consecutive terms chaired terms named managers proceedings secretary war governor kentucky candidates seeking democratic gubernatorial nomination prominent candidates included congressman confederate general judge louisville mayor jacob began jones leading vote unable secure majority ballots jacob withdrew moved lead following day dropped extended lead remained ballot race came jones delegates switched counties soon followed suit jones withdrew nominated unanimously general election defeated republican margin nearly votes term office asked legislature conduct thorough reform state tax system legislators response create board charged making tax assessments legislature refused grant powers requested successful initiatives area education leadership state established normal school blacks created state teacher organization new legislation spelled time state history duties responsibilities administrators school boards major shortcomings crime despite feuds continued rage state including lasted years refused acknowledge problem prisons prompted employ pardon power legislature approved construction kentucky state predecessor laid project later life death following term governor continued legal practice declined separate appointments offered president territorial governor hawaii appointment served special assistant kentucky attorney general chosen delegate state constitutional convention professor economics kentucky centre president organized law department college department dean illness forced retire died lebanon june buried cemetery lebanon kentucky formed named honor | J. Proctor Knott | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8605_JamesSullivan(governor) | governor april december lawyer politician massachusetts early associate justice served state attorney general years governor state death sullivan born raised maine massachusetts studied law brother john establishing successful law practice actively involved massachusetts state government american revolutionary war appointed state highest court march involved drafting state constitution state convention united_states_constitution resigning bench returned private practice appointed attorney general years judge attorney general responsible drafting state legislation transition british rule independence attorney general worked commission established border maine new_brunswick prosecuted high profile murder cases sullivan political partisan supporting democratic republican party republican ideals supported political careers frequent contributor political dialogue state newspapers ran unsuccessfully governor times finally winning office died office second term addition political pursuits sullivan engaged charitable business endeavors leading proponent middlesex canal bridge boston cambridge instrumental development boston public water supply founding president held membership variety charitable organizations wrote histories native maine legal text land titles legal historian calls important legal figures time massachusetts life born april fourth son state maine sullivan father mother child aboard ship came older elder sullivan farmer sullivan educated home prospects military service foot crushed childhood accident afflicted relatively young suffered generally mild lasting hours rest life foot injury read great deal learning latin classics elder brother john studying law instructed supply brother law books training sullivan studied law brother law practice durham new_hampshire eventually admitted bar massachusetts established practice georgetown shortly afterward town resident lawyer married daughter successful portsmouth new_hampshire merchant sullivan law practice flourished time leading citizens supplemented legal work acting agent boston based merchant interests including boston wealthiest men services lawyer defending land claims sullivan offered tract claims defended accepted property organized named birthplace father helped settle town personally assisting clearing land march incorporated town according sullivan financial rewards invest local real estate including mills revolution sullivan early outspoken opponent british colonial policies leading revolution elected provincial assembly met june sullivan leader calling continental congress governor indefinitely delayed meeting assembly following october members met establishing body exercised facto control massachusetts early years american revolutionary war addition sitting provincial congress sullivan leading organizer colonial defenses sitting committee correspondence bodies sent commission inspect troops facilities fort upstate new_york nominally control issued massachusetts colonel commission succeeded capturing assistance journey sullivan ill months afterward late sullivan member committee drafted legislation establishing terms positions established admiralty judges sullivan appointed admiralty judge eastern district maine addition duties period service provincial congress drafted large legislation activities committees resigned post march offered seat known judicial service postwar activities time appointment bench position seen particularly risky clear representation anti british authority thought lives british succeed putting rebellion noteworthy case sullivan sat preliminary hearing commonwealth cases court decided slavery incompatible state constitution sullivan publicly expressed opposition slavery predicted writings issue contentious future sullivan participated convention drafted new state constitution rest court active state laws document old statutes assisting drafting new ones sullivan awarded honorary degree served court resigned salary insufficient meet expenses longer afford cover difference opened law office boston moved house arlington cambridge elected represent massachusetts attend financial reasons politically active state supporting governor prolific writer contributing frequently political discourse took place massachusetts newspapers variety sullivan participated defense individuals charged participation rebellion uprising rural parts state begun previous year activity earned criticism pro government members massachusetts debated ratification united_states_constitution sullivan number massachusetts politicians expressed reservations document generally supported ratification debate proposed convention adopt constitution subject congress considering acting suite amendments seven amendments sullivan proposed primarily designed increase state powers expense congress federal courts example allowed state supreme courts issues corpus persons charged federal crimes attorney general rewarded sullivan support appointment state attorney general post held supported democratic republican party views relatively moderate retained post state attorney general despite dominance state sullivan legal work independence framed republican ideals expressed wide ranging support individual rights including women children minorities manifested letters contemporaries including cases argued lawyer decisions judge attorney general defended state loyalist recovery action involving rights married women time rights common law doctrine arguing loyalist wife right abandoned property question sullivan supported harsh laws property loyalists fled country fought british later took clients personal friends loyalists seeking recover property native maine mixed record representing state large scale land taking work included powerful politicians state interest difficulties surrounding land titles maine prompted write seminal work subject history land titles massachusetts cases highest profile sullivan prosecuted attorney general criminal cases prosecuted murderer retained defense council convicted murdering local woman escaped conviction eventually captured near canadian border hanged sullivan faced sensational trial accused murdering older attorney retained assist collection debt austin republican father politically charged atmosphere day boston fearing safety armed pistol younger austin apparently initiative sought beat cane fatally shot encounter defended lawyers including acquitted murder jury patriot sullivan continued private legal work served attorney general career spanning years law practice largest successful state acknowledged expert admiralty law described legal historian important legal figures time massachusetts maine new_brunswick border commission sullivan appointed secretary state united_states agent commission established terms jay treaty border maine british canadian province new_brunswick southern portion border defined saint river treaty paris ended american revolutionary war question river actually area time sparsely poorly surveyed maps area contained conflicting references named river sullivan responsibility gather relevant maps legal documents present legal case claim border addition researching materials massachusetts archives sullivan spent significant time exploring poorly surveyed remote bay attempting build case river intended treaty river location french settlement island river commissioners agents explored area ordered surveys surveys located evidence settlement commission fixed southern portion border known saint river disposition islands bay settled northern portion border fixed governor sullivan received republican nomination governor lost landslide lent strength cause eventually began gaining ground massachusetts sullivan nominated governor losing times popular incumbent governor republicans gained control massachusetts legislature managed nearly deny strong narrow victory fewer votes balance republican controlled legislature returns partisan manner ballots strong retaining sullivan performing ways favored candidate process concluded finding strong fact lacked majority votes required carry election opposed modern requirement strong allies legislature able partisan nature analysis resulting hostile public backlash proclaimed winner biased analysis corrected count favor sullivan faced strong time decisively victorious carrying eastern counties present day maine wide margin amid series republican victories new_england sullivan sought ways moderate voice highly partisan disagreements republicans supported policy president trade great_britain france embroiled napoleonic wars act significant negative impact shipping interests based massachusetts ports sought use threats war jefferson administration sullivan senator wrote open letter raising war charging jefferson failing publish critical documents ongoing negotiations asked sullivan formally send state legislature view imply sullivan agreement content sullivan refused fact charge republicans generally damaging information sullivan defense included letters senator charges sufficient ensure sullivan reelection control legislature returned republicans unhappy sullivan handling political attacks refusal remove patronage positions government legislature immediately launched attacks sullivan republicans sullivan immediately able respond spring opening legislature sullivan health began decline organic disease heart unable seize initiative finally speech assembly failed respond political aspects dispute called national unity dealing outside interests warnings jefferson nature contentious disputes going state attributed jefferson declining mental state sullivan health sought delay slate presidential election sullivan vetoed slate chosen legislature popular vote legislative majority assured hopes actions states decision massachusetts sullivan came criticism political partisans sides issuing large numbers ostensibly avoid civil strife event grain shortage legislature met november rejected proposal sullivan popular elections determine state electoral slate instead chose slate supporting president vote republicans based widespread opinion likely lose presidential election sullivan health failing electoral votes congress died office december aged interred boston tomb shared colonial governor business economic development charity addition political legal activities sullivan engaged wide variety civic charitable work founding member president charter member involved indians charitable society supported ministers sullivan major moving force leading director company oversaw middlesex canal construction began canal connected present day port boston ending roughly sullivan square named honor deeply involved canal purchasing necessary land supervising construction time involved company formed build bridge connecting boston cambridge instrumental development boston public water supply wooden family legacy sullivan brothers active participants revolutionary war john daniel served continental_army john served distinction retired army enter new_hampshire politics captured battle spent time captive subjected torture daniel captured action died aboard british prison ship sullivan maine named brother daniel early settlers area places new_hampshire named john sullivan governor small fortification known constructed maine named uncertain early historian states john james likely candidates preferring john association general ordered fort construction sullivan wife children died young son died hardships militia service rebellion died afterward married widowed sister new_hampshire politician sullivan enduring interest maine led write history published work document history maine historian writes sullivan history thoroughly researched particularly written self conscious expression romantic nationalism picturesque romantic inspired sullivan predicted maine eventually separate massachusetts large populous situation peculiar remain long state works sullivan james pamphlet boston sons sullivan james history boston sullivan james history land titles massachusetts boston | James Sullivan (governor) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8764_VentidiusCumanus | 1st century roman disagreement surviving sources jewish historian makes unclear authority province time office marked disputes troops jewish population failed respond anti jewish murder territory led violent conflict jews following investigation governor syria sent rome hearing emperor held responsible violence sentenced exile known appointed succession alexander main source career presents governing succeeded states governing authority north map mention controlled areas province conflict led historians number positions political arrangements province argued greater knowledge jewish affairs favouring account believes division power reversed governors areas authority actually governed south north fits better describes active jerusalem nearby suggestion province transferred disturbances rule roman jewish conflict alexander province enjoyed period relative peace proved governorship marked series public disturbances trouble started jewish pilgrims gathered jerusalem feast following precedent set earlier governors assembled detachment roman soldiers roof temple maintain order crowds caused chaos exposing jews courtyard calling insults jews brought complaints began stones soldiers openly accused responsible sign relations governor poor finding unable calm angry crowd called fully armed reinforcements assembled temple courtyard roof overlooking temple ensuing according estimates thirty thousand people crushed death numbers exaggerated loss life substantial feast says cause mourning nation unrest triggered imperial slave named robbed travelling near troops sent arrest leading men nearby villages began area finding copy destroyed view villagers shouting angered insult god jewish religion crowd jews confronted demanding guilty party punished time governor acted decisively ordered soldier responsible beheaded temporarily restoring calm jewish conflict events cost office began murder pilgrims travelling way jerusalem embassy asked investigate received little attention turn blind eye result crowd jews decided law hands leadership alexander invaded began massacre led troops killing taking prisoner jewish leaders jerusalem subsequently able calm state guerrilla warfare persisted separate dispatched tyre appeal syria authority lower ranking protested jewish attacks villages jewish counter embassy held responsible violence accused siding agreeing investigate proceeded jewish prisoners ordered jews involved fighting hearing case sent jewish leaders including high priest cases rome emperor hearing influential officials took jews supported friend father king province placed roman influenced court politics decided favour jewish leaders executed sent exile succeeded life career unknown ancient war annals modern july conflicting accounts concerning terms office history jewish people age jesus christ volume revised edited revised english edinburgh clark isbn mary jews study political relations 2nd isbn | Ventidius Cumanus | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8834_RobertWhite(judge) | judge march march distinguished early american military officer lawyer judge politician state virginia white represented virginia house delegates served judge prior political law careers white served virginia militia continental_army american revolutionary war white grandson virginia pioneer physician member prominent white political family virginia west_virginia nephew united_states house representative brother united_states house representative early life education born march winchester virginia son justices serving bench court wife white grandson early physician pioneer white received primary education grammar school near pennsylvania direction reverend presbyterian minister age white undertook hiatus education serve american revolutionary war military career private virginia militia company command captain organized virginia present day west_virginia company departed boston campaign days company departed winchester white company departed june marched boston reinforce commander chief forces besieged british_army forces boston white bearing received attention washington saw boy remarkable decision character march british forces withdrew boston ending boston campaign summer white elevated rank ensign white fought lieutenant battle october major spring white engaged attacking british_army detachments later new_jersey white suffered fractured caused musket ball received wound head stock british_army musket following engagement white taken prisoner war british forces white fallen unconscious taken tent accomplished british officer rescued death later exchanged autumn white returned winchester slow painful efforts lame weak acute protracted suffering wounds healed time return winchester following removal bone fragments wound began close white remained permanently physically disabled result injuries fully recovered wounds white received commission captain cavalry commenced recruitment training american troops philadelphia fight war severity injuries retired military service age returned winchester white inducted original member military service war law political careers following military service return winchester white studied uncle lawyers practicing course years law studies white read legal lying couch recovering injuries white admitted practice law winchester december engaged practice law years white health continued improve law practice extensive profitable biographical sketch white published southern white described able lawyer clear argument voice harsh debate affected white maintained bar decade time white served member representing multi member district white ran election seat won alongside page votes page votes white ran election seat page white received largest total votes result judicial career later life white appointed judge serving virginia tenth judicial district composed counties including winchester chosen act center point judicial district judicial records kept appointment judge tenth judicial district paid compensation dollars white appointed judge november continued hold office death period white served president years death serving required white travel richmond june november year white served judge judge virginia tenth judicial district war white took dislike military power winchester began attract sizable number recruits going fight war white refused permit military officers appear courtroom swords sides white judicial opinions known powerful specimens sound learning extensive research including case defendant tried murder preston case legal question office white conducted teaching notable maryland later served associate justice spring white route serve court stayed night tavern discovered proprietor following morning suffering white remained stricken weeks returned home winchester litter position judge tenth judicial district assumed judges white remained paralyzed remainder life july white gave power attorney son management affairs white later died residence winchester march personal life family white married daughter wife born february virginia west_virginia white wife children white family resided winchester south cecil street years white death white house earliest built brick houses winchester destroyed fire built residence site property brother colonel henceforth house known house legacy 1970s restored portraits painted white wife son white daughter donated west_virginia west_virginia portraits painted renowned painter nephew known painter | Robert White (judge) | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8934_Soedjatmoko | born january december called indonesian intellectual diplomat born noble father mother west sumatra finishing primary education went modern day study medicine city saw poverty academic interest later life expelled medical school japanese political activities moved practised medicine father indonesia proclaimed independence youths deployed lake success new_york represent indonesia united_nations helped secure international recognition country sovereignty work attempted study forced resign pressure work including serving indonesia london months establishing political desk embassy indonesia washington returned indonesia involved socialist press joined indonesia elected member serving married president government authoritarian began government avoid censorship spent years guest lecturer new_york self imposed unemployment indonesia replaced returned public service sent indonesia representatives indonesia ambassador time received honorary doctoral degrees advised foreign minister returning indonesia held position think tanks incident january held interrogation half weeks accused event eventually released leave indonesia half years received chosen rector tokyo years returning japan died cardiac arrest teaching early life born january west sumatra eldest son physician noble descent housewife couple children adopted children younger brother went work united nations years old family moved netherlands father received year scholarship returning indonesia continued studies elementary school european called later attended secondary school graduated school introduced latin greek teachers introduced european art later recalled introduction allowed europeans colonists continued medical school modern day seeing drawn issue poverty later academic interest japanese occupation expelled city relationship married sister participation protests occupation expulsion moved studied western history political literature led interest socialism figure affected worked father hospital indonesia proclaimed independence asked deputy head request prime minister friends established dutch language weekly inside counter dutch sponsored outlook year launched socialist oriented journal published weekly period dropped reminded feudal aspects indonesian culture work sent new_york member observer delegation united_nations delegation travelled united_states philippines month stay singapore philippines president guaranteed support nascent nation case united nations stayed lake success new_york temporary location participated debates international recognition new country end stay new_york enrolled time delegation new_york boston seven months released delegation spent year center period months nation dutch_east_indies desk dutch embassy london serving temporary capacity indonesian embassy established moved washington establish political desk indonesian embassy indonesia busy schedule demanding cities proved dropped center late resigned positions went europe months seeking political inspiration yugoslavia met impressed greatly return indonesia returning indonesia editor founders daily guidance followed political journal helped establish publishing house directed joined indonesia psi elected member elections dissolution assembly served indonesian delegation conference later year founded secretary general years married daughters end 1950s president warm working relationship falling president increasingly authoritarian policies founded headed attempted promote democracy country opposed guided democracy policy effort failed went took position guest lecturer returned indonesia discovered key members psi arrested party banned closed avoid trouble government voluntarily left unemployed editor academic activities failed coup état replacement returned public service served vice chairman indonesian delegation delegation adviser adviser foreign minister member london based think tank following year indonesian ambassador united_states position held time ambassador received honorary american universities including yale published book southeast_asia today tomorrow returned indonesia return special adviser chairman year board member london based position held joined selected board trustees position served years governor position held years following year governor based documents accused planning incident january students protested eventually state visit prime minister japan held interrogation half weeks allowed leave indonesia half years suspected involvement received called asia nobel prize citation read encouraging outsiders look carefully village awareness human dimension essential development writings added body international thinking meet greatest challenges time life decent satisfying percent southeastern southern asia response said felt awareness small contribution magnitude problem persistent poverty human suffering asia realization remains later life death moved tokyo japan september year began service rector replacing remained position japan published books received asia society award following year died cardiac arrest december | Soedjatmoko | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
8984_LucyStone | august october prominent american abolitionist vocal advocate organizer promoting rights women stone woman massachusetts earn college degree spoke women rights slavery time women discouraged prevented public speaking stone known maiden marriage custom women husband surname stone organizational activities cause women rights yielded gains difficult political environment 19th century stone helped initiate supported sustained annually number local state regional activist conventions stone spoke number legislative bodies promote laws giving rights women assisted establishing woman help pass thirteenth amendment abolish slavery helped form built support woman suffrage constitutional amendment winning woman suffrage state local levels stone wrote extensively wide range women rights publishing distributing speeches convention proceedings long running influential weekly periodical founded promoted stone aired differing views women rights called morning star heart soul women rights movement stone influenced cause women suffrage wrote person heart american public deeply stirred woman question anthony stone called 19th century women suffrage feminism early life influences born august family farm massachusetts eighth children born grew brothers sisters siblings having died birth member stone household aunt children sister abandoned husband left dependent brother farm life hard work tightly managed family resources remembered childhood farm producing food family wanted extra trade store bought goods needed stone recalled family father described family government characteristic day earned modest income selling eggs cheese denied control money denied money purchase things francis considered trivial believing right earnings hannah stole coins purse secretly sold cheese child resented instances saw father unfair management family money later came realize custom blame injustice demonstrated necessity making custom right rule examples mother neighbor neglected husband left stone early learned women mercy husbands good came biblical passage desire shall husband shall rule thee distraught appeared divine women reasoned injunction applied wives resolving man master determined control life marrying obtaining highest education earning teaching woman pay age sixteen stone began teaching district schools brothers sister beginning pay day lower male teachers substituted brother winter received pay received protested school committee taught subjects replied woman pay lower pay women arguments cited promoting hiring women teachers education universal moderate expense women afford teach half salary men ask stone salary increased size schools finally received month lower male rate woman question stone began reading newspaper reports controversy raging massachusetts referred woman question woman proper role society assume active public role reform movements day developments controversy years shaped evolving philosophy women rights debate women entitled political voice begun women responded appeal petitions sent thousands signatures congress rejected women sent women responded holding convention new_york_city expand efforts declaring certain rights duties common moral beings longer remain limits prescribed corrupt custom application scripture sisters began speaking audiences men women instead women acceptable state convention ministers issued pastoral letter condemning women assuming place man public reformer ing character public teachers stone attended convention spectator angered letter determined public pastoral letter stone read letters province woman later republished letters equality sexes told brother reinforced resolve man master drew letters writing college essays later women rights lectures having determined obtain highest education stone enrolled age disappointed women rights withdrew term month enrolled later found liking decided large majority literary society day reported brother ladies ought politics congress etc etc stone read newspaper account connecticut meeting denied right speak vote recently hired agent work state refusing relinquish right kelly raised hand time vote taken admire calm noble bearing stone wrote brother wish spirits years later stone followed example church recommended expulsion certain activities including giving anti church views driving lectures entertaining home vote taken stone raised hand defense minister discounted vote saying member church voting member like kelly raised hand remaining votes completing year summer stone learned ohio college nation admit women bestowed college degrees women stone enrolled neighboring warren read studied latin greek grammar preparation entrance examinations august turned stone traveled train steamship ohio country college admit women african americans entered college believing women vote assume political office women study classic women able speak minds public forum share sentiments year stone befriended abolitionist came study minister stone brown eventually marry abolitionist brothers sisters law equal pay strike stone hoped earn college expenses teaching institute lower departments policy employing year students teachers work stone teaching district schools winter break house keeping school manual labor program paid cents hour half male students received work program measures taken reduce expenses stone prepared meals dormitory room stone given position teaching received reduced pay sex compensation policies required stone twice labor male student pay costs stone frequently rose clock fit work study found health declining february having decided submit injustice longer asked pay given lesser experienced male colleagues request denied resigned position pleading faculty restore stone students said pay stone right college stone planned borrow money father funds ran moved daughter description struggles promised provide money needed help home needed months pressure faculty yielded hired stone paying women student teachers rate paid male student teachers public speaking february stone thinking public speaker following summer storm controversy speaking decide matter faculty opposition foster ignited discussion women rights students especially woman right speak public stone vigorously defended joint meeting men women literary societies followed campus demonstration making public speech august commemoration emancipation west indies fall stone informed family intention woman rights lecturer brothers supportive father encouraged considered duty mother remaining sister reconsider mother fears stone said knew hated pursue course conduct appears best calculated promote highest good world stone tried gain practical speaking experience women students debate literary society considered inappropriate participate oral exercises men women members collegiate rhetoric class expected learn observing male classmates stone year student wanted develop skill public speaking organized campus women debating club gaining measure sought received permission debate stone rhetoric class debate attracted large student audience attention formally banned women oral exercises classes shortly stone accepted challenge editor county newspaper public debate women rights defeated submitted petition signed members graduating class asking women chosen write graduation essays permitted read men honored instead having read faculty members refused stone elected write essay declined saying support principle denied women privilege laborers men sphere ability makes adequate stone received degree august female college graduate massachusetts stone gave public speeches women rights fall brother church massachusetts little later neighboring warren stone agent june persuaded experience speaking practice felt needed beginning women rights campaign stone immediately proved effective speaker reported extraordinary power audiences described little looking body modest manners self possessed loaded canon assets addition storytelling ability audiences tears laughter said unusual voice contemporaries compared silver bell said perfect instrument bestowed speaker addition helping stone develop agency introduced network progressive wing abolition movement assisted women rights work fall received invitation new_york lecture women organized falls rochester women rights conventions earlier summer stone accepted expected begin working fall agency april stone invited lecture took advantage presence hold pennsylvania women rights meeting help stone conducted massachusetts petition campaigns right women vote hold public office drafted petitions accompanying appeals circulation published readers copy stone sent petitions legislature february half towns april woman rights convention held salem ohio petition drive asking constitutional convention revise state constitution secure women equal legal political rights woman negro suffrage stone sent letter praising initiative said massachusetts ought taken lead work chooses let young sisters west set worthy example spirit dead pledge massachusetts follow leaders asked stone address constitutional convention behalf believing appeals come residents state declined support garrison stone arranged meeting called national woman rights convention presided stone addressed large audience served secretary seven women appointed organize convention davis stone appointed conduct correspondence needed signatures recruit speakers attendance months convention stone contracted fever traveling indiana nearly died health limited participation held october worcester massachusetts formal address closing session convention decided establish formal association exist annual convention standing committee arrange meetings publish proceedings execute adopted plans action stone appointed women men following spring secretary committee year retained position secretary stone took leading organizing setting agenda national conventions decade woman rights boston attending society annual meeting stone went exhibit powers statue moved sculpture addressed meeting evening poured heart statue stone said society general agent samuel speaking women rights meeting replied woman abolitionist speak women months later stone notified intended lecture women rights time available work stone launched career independent women rights lecturer october continued press work agreed lecture sundays arranging women rights lectures engagements pay work expenses independent felt confident charge admission dress reform stone resumed fall wore new style dress adopted winter consisting loose short jacket pair trousers skirt fell inches knees dress product health reform movement intended replace fashionable french dress tight fitted skirt dragged inches floor worn layers straw fall water cure journal urged women style dress allow free use legs women country wearing form pants short skirt generally called turkish costume american dress wore walking dress letter writer urged women adopt common attire spring women states wearing dress public march editor newspaper lily announced wearing printed description dress instructions soon newspapers dubbed dress stuck fashion following months women new_york_city massachusetts held reform dress social events festivals supporters gathered signatures declaration independence fashion organized dress reform societies supporters women rights took prominent activities offered silk friends short skirt trousers public dress stone accepted offer stone dress fall audiences seen dress controversial newspapers initially praised new style soon turned ridicule condemnation viewing trousers symbol male authority women retreated face criticism stone continued wear short dress exclusively years wore hair short cut jaw line stone new_york_city april report speeches accompanied stone dress stone found short skirt convenient travels defended said distraction hurt women rights cause disliked instant attention drew arrived new place fall added dress inches longer occasional use abandoned dress altogether involved formation february resumption long skirts drew condemnation dress reform leaders accused sacrificing principle sake pleasing husband western tour october following held cleveland ohio stone addressed cincinnati women rights meeting arranged local businessman family capable women taken interest stone successful meeting stone accepted offer arrange tour western states considered west pennsylvania virginia following thirteen weeks stone gave lectures thirteen cities report said stirring west women rights seldom stirred subject whatsoever lectures louisville stone repeat entire course told having effect indianapolis newspaper reported stone set thirds women town crazy women rights placed half men similar papers said lectures attracted largest crowds assembled filling city largest auditorium capacity thousand chicago papers praised lectures best season said inspiring discussion debate city homes meeting places stone headed home january left influence stone women rights massachusetts maine new_hampshire vermont connecticut rhode_island new_york pennsylvania delaware new_jersey washington ohio indiana illinois michigan wisconsin ontario later write speaker stirred nation heart subject woman hearings addition women rights movement prominent spokesperson led movement efforts initiated petition efforts new_england states assisted efforts state local organizations new_york ohio indiana massachusetts massachusetts legislature right women vote serve public office stone aimed petitions convention meet revise state constitution phillips drafted petition asking word male stricken appeared constitution appeal urging massachusetts citizens sign state months stone sent convention petitions bearing thousand signatures stone phillips addressed convention reporting stone hearing noted world country woman publicly demand hall legislation represented person equal framing laws determining action government multi state campaigns stone called new england woman rights convention boston june expand efforts convention adopted resolution new_england proposed form petition appointed committee state organize work speech second new england woman rights convention held june stone urged reason women needed suffrage protect gains achieved reminding legislature women convention adopted resolution calling ballot woman sword shield means achieving protecting civil rights urging national convention suffrage priority met cincinnati october stone delivered impromptu remarks famous disappointment speech interrupted proceedings calling female speakers disappointed women stone yes disappointed woman education marriage religion disappointment lot woman shall business life disappointment woman heart bows longer convention adopted stone resolution calling circulation petitions saying duty women respective states ask legislators franchise following convention suffrage took place new_england states new_york ohio indiana illinois michigan wisconsin nebraska resultant legislative hearings action nebraska wisconsin recently moved iowa near nebraska border took work area officers cincinnati convention directed work indiana stone helped launch new_york campaign state woman rights convention august cleveland convention recruited workers work illinois michigan ohio stone took charge work ohio new home state drafting petition placing ohio newspapers circulating lectures southern ohio recruit worked northern state stone illinois indiana support petition drives personally introduced work wisconsin found volunteers petition legislators introduce houses legislature national convention stone presented new strategy suggested send memorial state signed officers married january stone sister law process stone appointed committee carry plan stone drafted printed appeal state indiana pennsylvania referred memorial select committees massachusetts maine granted hearings march stone phillips addressed massachusetts senate march stone phillips addressed select committee maine legislature marriage began year courtship stone summer stone told wish marry want surrender control life assume legal position occupied married woman maintained despite law couples create marriage equal partnership governed mutual agreement steps protect wife laws placing assets hands trustee believed marriage allow partner accomplish help advance stone work arranged highly successful western tour eighteen month courtship conducted primarily correspondence stone discussed nature marriage actual ideal marriage stone gradually fell love november agreed marry stone developed private agreement aimed preserving protecting stone financial independence personal liberty monetary matters agreed marriage like business partnership partners joint results previous claim lands belonging obligation costs holding married living share earnings separate relinquish claim subsequent earnings right property pleased children objections stone refused supported insisted paying half mutual expenses addition financial independence stone agreed enjoy personal independence autonomy partner shall attempt fix residence employment habits shall partner feel bound live longer discussion marriage stone given copy book marriage reproductive element man means elevation happiness asked accept principles considered relationship husband wife wright proposed women bore results sexual intercourse wives govern couple marital relations accordance view agreed stone choose mother addition private agreement drew protest laws rules customs conferred superior rights husbands wedding ceremony pledged avail laws wedding took place stone home massachusetts stone close friend worker sent copy stone worcester spy spread country commentators viewed protest marriage agreed woman resign legal existence formal protest forced marriage submit degradation law placed married woman inspired couples similar protests wedding ceremonies keeping stone viewed tradition wives abandoning surname assume husbands manifestation legal married woman identity immediately marriage agreement husband continued sign correspondence summer tried register deed property stone purchased wisconsin insisted sign couple consulted friend cincinnati lawyer future chief justice immediately able answer question legality continuing sign private correspondence months signed public documents allowed identified convention proceedings newspaper reports receiving assurance chase law required married woman change stone public announcement convention american anti slavery society boston remained boston women granted franchise school elections stone registered vote officials notified allowed vote added signature refused time energy consumed suffrage work challenge action court law children stone daughter born september leader suffrage movement wrote biography mother pioneer woman family living temporarily chicago stone lost baby boy activism marriage summer summer stone continued organizing schedule january stone accused court spoke defense rumor forward prosecution stone gave knife slave trial killing child prevent enslaved stone said slipped prisoner knife garner kill forced return slavery stone referred court asked wanted defend preferred address assembly record saying teeth tear open veins let earth drink blood wear chains slavery blame wishing child find freedom god angels chains birth daughter september impossible maintain high level activism stone preliminary arrangements national convention held providence able attend handed responsibility disrupted plan convention chicago stone announcement anthony helped stone arrange convention took sole responsibility meeting took charge convention marriage stone felt women allowed divorce drunken husbands formally end marriage true love grow soul injured enjoyment legal bond right pure holy right right recognized think right recognized stone friends felt differently issue brown wrote stone ready accept idea parties wanted divorce inclined clerical favor giving women right divorce eventually coming view reform marriage laws important women voting rights process planning women rights conventions stone worked remove proposed platform formal advocacy divorce stone wished subject separate prevent appearance moral pushed right woman control person moral intelligent rights certain fall place women given control bodies years later stone position divorce change differences newspaper printed stone free combination women rights saying diminishing focus power anti slavery movement later found stone fault speaking whites philadelphia lecture hall stone insisted replaced planned speech day appeal audience boycott facility took years reconciled tax protest january stone staged highly publicized protest took issue taxation representation nation previous summer purchased house orange new_jersey tax bill came stone returned unpaid explanation women denying right vote violation america founding principles january city auctioned household goods pay tax attendant court costs following month stone spoke taxation representation large meetings orange circulated petitions asking new_jersey legislature woman suffrage stone protest inspired tax paying women action followed example refused pay taxes case reaching went polls demand right tax vote national organizations civil war stone joined form woman group held convention new_york_city resolved fight emancipation african americans organization gathered signatures petition united_states congress significantly assisting passage thirteenth amendment slavery reconstruction began stone helped form main goal achieve equal voting rights people gender race conference division arose great majority participants stone wanted voice support proposed fifteenth amendment grant suffrage african american men vocal minority opposed amendment voting rights provide universal suffrage conflict led adoption muted resolution favor fifteenth amendment expressed disappointment congress offered privilege women hold internal strife positions heading minority formed female focus women gaining voting rights cleveland november stone husband founded moderate admitted men women goals fifteenth amendment passed effort win women vote membership timing women suffrage groups differed minor points policy divorce free love twentieth anniversary celebration spoke hours rallying crowd women right divorce stone position matter shifted significantly personal differences stone came fore issue stone writing believe marriage life loose talk favor easy divorce stone clear wishing free divorce associated stone organization headed time reverend stone wrote free love free love means free lust editorial position come stone told husband carrying relation good friend published editorial saying time life detected improper certain ladies congregation informed alleged affair passed information free love advocate printed began convincing write book life story imaginative material supplied stone wrote friend wish regard ideas heard meeting self serving activities attracting disapproval radical divert criticism published saying practiced free love private speaking pulpit caused sensation press resulted inconclusive legal suit subsequent formal inquiry lasting adultery friction camps women rights activists took focus away legitimate political aims wrote stone michigan working putting woman suffrage state constitution saying affair playing woman suffrage michigan chance success year fancy voting rights stone moved pope hill massachusetts relocating new_jersey organize town women active female anti slavery society number local women time stone founded boston publication voicing concerns stone continued edit journal rest life assisted husband daughter colorado lesson stone asked come assist colorado activists organization popular referendum campaign aim gaining suffrage women stone worked northern half state late summer traveled promising rough southern half scattered support reported activists areas receptive latino voters proved largely voting reform resistance blamed extreme opposition measure voiced roman catholic bishop colorado handful politicians colorado ignored measure actively fought stone concentrated convincing denver voters october ballot measure lost heavily voting married working men showed greatest support young single men called colorado lesson writing woman suffrage carried popular vote political party school board vote stone organized petition state massachusetts women given strictly voting rights woman prove qualifications male voter allowed cast vote members school board stone applied voting board boston required sign husband surname refused participated vote reconciliation eighteen years rift formed american women rights movement stone proposed merger groups plans drawn annual meetings heard voted passed group evaluation organizations resolved differences merged form stone weak heart problems respiratory illness attend convention elected chair executive committee starting early january visited stone repeatedly pope hill purpose learning stone ways political organizing stone previously met iowa state woman suffrage convention october impressed ambition sense presence saying heard movement stone rest winter giving wealth information lobbying techniques fund raising later teaching good effect leading final drive gain women vote stone went january convention isabella stone anthony women suffrage called away convention opening hours unexpected woman suffrage hearing judiciary stone told assembled come committee sense feel handicapped women try single fact vote care votes stone argued men work pass laws equality property rights sexes stone demanded folding wife property husband stone impromptu speech comparison brilliant preceded stone later published speech entirety self convention anthony elected president stone honorary presidents final appearance stone convinced sit portrait sculpture rendered sculptor poet stone previously protested proposed portrait year saying funds engage artist better spent suffrage work stone finally yielded pressure friends neighbors boston area sat whitney produced bust february stone invited brother frank wife sarah come bust shipped chicago display upcoming world exposition stone went daughter chicago gave public speeches world saw strong international involvement women women countries speaking meetings attendance topping week long event stone immediate focus state consideration new_york nebraska stone presented speech prepared entitled progress years described change said think ending gratitude young women today know price right free speech speak public earned stone met form plan organizing colorado stone attended days meetings getting woman suffrage drive restarted kansas stone daughter returned home pope hill knew stone thought voice lacking strength august husband harry wanted meetings exposition weak stone diagnosed suffering advanced stomach cancer september wrote final letters friends relatives having prepared death concern women cause died october age funeral days later people crowded church hundreds stood outside women men served including sculptor stone old abolitionist friends lined streets sight funeral procession page banner headlines ran news accounts stone death widely reported american woman time according wishes body cremated making person cremated massachusetts wait months undertaken forest hills cemetery completed stone remains chapel named legacy refusal husband assertion rights controversial largely remembered today women continue use birth marriage occasionally known united_states founded new_york_city described time league instituted began write history woman suffrage planned volume finished death anthony afterward volumes chronicled beginnings women rights movement including years stone active differences stone highlighted stone place history work text standard scholarly resource 19th century american feminism 20th century causing stone extensive contribution overlooked histories women causes august anniversary birth honored stone postage stamp prominent americans series image adapted photograph included biography stone displayed portraits influential male leaders state massachusetts year project called hear initiated state legislature came fruition portraits female leaders mounted historic building women honored girls included song entitled solo recording administration classroom building new_jersey named warren massachusetts contains bust display boston building featured home owned managed non profit land conservation historic preservation organization dedicated preserving natural historic places site includes acres forested land massachusetts farmhouse stone born married burned ground ruins center property time stone wedding parents married brother family lived half story house family descendants continued live pilgrimage placed memorial tablet house read house birthplace pioneer advocate equal rights women born august married died october grateful memory massachusetts placed tablet august tablet severely damaged surviving fire fire surrounding farmland abandoned left revert forest hunting harvesting timber trustees acquired home site maintaining property | Lucy Stone | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
9114_EminXhinovci | spelled born retired restaurant owner known striking resemblance nazi leader adolf_hitler immigrated germany settled started import export business returned later joined intention helping separate region yugoslavia time guerrilla came known nickname hitler likeness nazi leader following war settled opened string nazi themed restaurants angered nato quickly closed firmly believes hitler resorted portraying nazi leader time public life posing pictures locals tourists charging photograph known daughters referred locals hitler children carries copy hitler autobiographical manifesto frequently paid attend events weddings subject short documentary film directed independent filmmaker titled germans bit scared early life emigration guerrilla activity born yugoslavia moved german city started import export business left germany returned fight tensions serbs increased joined fought dominated serbian goal separating yugoslavia earned reputation fierce fighter commanded respect local comrades gave nickname hitler resemblance nazi leader adolf_hitler told journalist people called hitler army days look lot like unlike english guy plays movie apparently reference role great dictator serbian police documents indicate suspected participating kidnapping execution coal near wounded battle germany treatment hospital grew attracted attention hospital staff controversy nazi themed restaurants bars following experience german hospital staff realized capitalize resemblance hitler went great lengths enhance physical likeness nazi leader regularly dying hair jet black imitating hitler signature war ended returned opened bar called known hitler establishment proved controversial western occupied following withdrawal yugoslav security forces june instance french nato troops took sign carrying entrance bar displeasure french commander told reporters disgusted actions said troops forbidden entering bar nazi imagery portraits uniform asked enjoyed dressing hitler responded people carried friend apparently referring german led axis occupation yugoslavia german forces turned blind eye raids populated areas conceded hitler gone far killing women children said good idea eliminate blood years forced close local commanders felt organization image like post war encountered great financial difficulties relied service pension financial assistance relatives western_europe financial situation stabilized opened restaurant named oldest daughter restaurant receipts stamped black upper left corner restaurant closed years opening reasons unknown hitler following closure resorted walking dressed hitler posing pictures locals tourists nato charging photograph days earns posing hitler posing photographs attends events including weddings attendees nazi salute undesirable effect people come pay respects deceased wish speak pictures explains come believe hitler began dressing nazi leader carries numerous pieces nazi including nazi era buttons nazi imagery copy business cards featuring word hitler printed bold locals alike mind especially preoccupied country poverty rampant corruption actions thought contrary including nato stop greet nazi salute local told vice news lot things worry life look walks locals apparently believe way earning living shows great enterprise people respect explains young old men women children daughters referred locally hitler children bothered father hitler reportedly attends parent teacher conferences dressed hitler says teachers parents mind appearance says time goes pick daughters school surrounded children want talk pictures girls like touch face think mask pull hair ask kiss face house family people stop talk wife jealous person doesn mind unable return germany appearance country series laws prohibit nazi symbols uniforms forms expressed great dislike serbs says carry concealed time wished visit held section says greatly disappointed post war believed reconciliation serbs occurred conflict asked difficult portray hitler responded easy find hitler character fought enemy enemy enemy friend yes serbs enemies physical similarity hitler says dictator like great financial benefit resemble controversial figure circles based german language newspaper called actions unacceptable popular culture filmmaker created short documentary film titled germans bit scared chronicles everyday activities follows locals | Emin Xhinovci | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
9286_MartinBormann | june prominent official nazi_germany head nazi party gained immense power position adolf_hitler private secretary control flow information access hitler joined paramilitary organisation working manager large estate served nearly year prison accomplice friend later commandant concentration camp murder joined initially worked party insurance service transferred july office deputy served chief staff position create extensive bureaucracy involve possible decision making gained acceptance hitler inner circle accompanied providing events requests began acting hitler personal secretary post officially appointed solo flight britain seek peace negotiations british government assumed duties title head final approval civil service appointments reviewed approved legislation facto control domestic matters leading proponents ongoing persecution christian churches favoured harsh treatment jews areas conquered germany world war returned hitler berlin january approached city hitler committed suicide attempted flee berlin avoid capture soviets probably committed suicide bridge near station body buried nearby found confirmed genuine tried trials convicted war crimes crimes humanity sentenced death hanging early life education born son post office employee second wife family lutheran half siblings father earlier marriage died gave birth sons died infancy martin born albert born survived adulthood died mother soon remarried studies agricultural trade high school interrupted joined 55th field gunner june days world war saw action served garrison duty february working short time cattle feed mill estate manager large farm shortly starting work estate joined landowners association meant money worthless stored farms estates valuable estates including units stationed site guard crops joined organisation headed acting section leader treasurer march sentenced year accomplice friend murder perpetrators believed tipped french occupation authorities fellow member carrying sabotage operations french industries arrested executed night took meadow town beaten throat cut perpetrators confessed police dug body laid charges july released prison february joined short lived paramilitary organisation created replace storm detachment assault division banned aftermath failed returned job remained moved mother career joined membership number joined january number special order granted number reflect old fighter status early career took job weekly paper edited member deputy party leader joining began duties regional press officer lack public speaking skills ill suited position soon skills use business manager region moved munich october worked insurance office initially provided coverage insurance companies members hurt killed frequent violent skirmishes members political parties insurance companies unwilling pay claims activities set der benefits relief fund directly administered party party member required pay receive compensation injuries sustained conducting party business payments fund solely discretion began gain reputation financial expert party members felt personally receiving benefits fund addition stated purpose fund resort source funding short money time success general election won seats party membership grew dramatically fund collecting million year worked staff founded precursor organisation responsible donated use motor vehicles belonging party members later expanded training members automotive skills head party seizure power january relief fund provide general accident property insurance resigned administration applied transfer accepted chief staff office deputy july served personal secretary july department responsible settling disputes party acted party state policy decisions legislation position create extensive bureaucracy involve decision making possible october hitler named national leader highest party rank november named deputy june gaining acceptance hitler inner circle accompanied providing events requests appointed renovations hitler property early 1930s hitler bought property renting vacation retreat chancellor hitler drew plans expansion main house charge construction commissioned construction barracks guards roads motor vehicles accommodation staff amenities retaining title bought adjacent farms entire complex covered square kilometres members inner circle built houses perimeter beginning commissioned building eagle nest tea house high gift hitler birthday april hitler seldom building liked impress guests taking hitler residence constantly attendance acted hitler personal secretary capacity began control flow information access hitler period hitler gave control personal finances addition salaries chancellor president hitler income included money raised royalties collected book use image postage stamps set collected money german hitler behalf funds received programme party leaders retained hitler personal use took notes hitler thoughts expressed dinner late night preserved material published war hitler table talk office deputy final approval civil service appointments reviewed personnel files decisions appointments power minister interior example overlapping responsibilities typical nazi regime travelled hitler including trips austria annexation austria nazi_germany signing munich agreement later year placed charge organising major annual party event hitler intentionally played party members civil service way fostered distrust competition subordinates consolidate power typically written orders instead communicated verbally conveyed falling favour meant access hitler cut proved master intricate political ability control access hitler enabled power high ranking officials enemies ruthless continuous intriguing power influence hitler favour came inner workings world war progressed hitler attention focused foreign affairs conduct war exclusion directly engaged increasingly sidelined affairs nation hitler attention successfully supplanted duties position hitler concerned germany face war fronts plans progressed invasion soviet_union scheduled place later year flew solo britain seek peace negotiations british government arrested arrival spent rest war british prisoner eventually receiving life sentence war crimes trials later said hitler described departure worst blows life considered personal betrayal hitler ordered shot return germany abolished post deputy assigning duties title head position responsible appointments hitler associates began refer face power effective reach considerably war early war produced labour crisis regime hitler created man committee representatives state army party attempt control war economy committee members head field marshal chief der controlled party committee intended independently propose measures regardless wishes hitler final decisions committee soon known met times january august ran resistance hitler cabinet ministers headed deeply entrenched spheres influence excluded committee seeing threat power worked bring result changed committee declined anti church campaign article party platform called christian denominations treaty vatican signed guarantee religious freedom catholics hitler believed religion fundamentally incompatible strongly anti christian agreed stated publicly national socialism christianity political hitler intended postpone elimination christian churches war repeated hostile statements church indicated subordinates continuation church struggle tolerated encouraged leading proponents ongoing persecution christian churches february decreed members clergy admitted following year ruled members clergy holding party offices dismissed party member considering entering clergy party membership push force closure theological departments universities unsuccessful able reduce religious instruction provided public schools hours week mandated removal classrooms notes memoirs drafting plans planned rebuilding berlin told churches allocated building sites campaign catholic_church hundreds monasteries germany austria confiscated occupants expelled august publicly protested persecution action nazi non voluntary programme mentally ill physically deformed sick killed series received international attention criticised programme illegal immoral led widespread protest movement church leaders strongest protest nazi policy point called hanged hitler concluded death viewed lead unrest hitler decided deal issue war personal secretary preoccupied military matters spending time military headquarters eastern hitler came rely handle domestic policies country april hitler officially appointed personal secretary time facto control domestic matters new appointment gave power act official capacity matter invariably advocate extremely harsh radical measures came treatment jews conquered eastern peoples prisoners war signed decree extending laws annexed territories east signed decree october permanent longer solved emigration use ruthless force special camps east nazi death camps decree signed july gave absolute powers jews came exclusive jurisdiction estimates million jews representing thirds jewish population europe nazi regime knowing hitler viewed slavic people inferior opposed introduction german criminal law conquered eastern territories lobbied eventually achieved strict separate code implemented martial law polish jewish inhabitants areas criminal law practices poles jews incorporated eastern territories december permitted corporal punishment death sentences trivial offences supported hard line approach brutal treatment slavic people serving head favoured moderate policy touring collective farms ukraine concerned health good physical constitution population concerned constitute danger regime discussion hitler issued policy directive read work far don need die fertility undesirable food necessary masters come shared responsibility people militia drafted remaining able bodied men aged ditch militia founded october poorly equipped trained men sent fight eastern nearly killed having impact soviet advance days berlin hitler transferred headquarters shelter berlin january secretary remained end april located garden government district centre city final major soviet offensive war began april april started city april 56th birthday hitler trip surface ruined garden awarded boy soldiers afternoon berlin bombarded soviet artillery time april left bunker complex flew ordered hitler leave berlin early morning hours april witnessed signed hitler testament named estate night hitler married civil ceremony soviet forces continued fight way centre berlin hitler committed suicide afternoon april took hitler shot hitler instructions bodies carried garden burned accordance hitler wishes named party minister officially confirming position facto general secretary party grand admiral appointed new president germany head government chancellor germany wife committed suicide later day battle berlin ended general der commander surrendered city general commander soviet death rumours survival discovery remains account death left doctor hitler youth leader hitler pilot members groups attempting break soviet carried copy hitler testament group left travelled foot tunnel station surfaced members party attempted cross bridge tiger tank tank hit soviet artillery destroyed knocked ground eventually crossed river attempt walked railway tracks station decided leave opposite direction encountered patrol doubled saw bodies later identified bridge near railway switching yard time check thoroughly know died soviets admitted finding body fate remained doubt years tried chaotic days war contradictory reports arose whereabouts sightings reported argentina spain wife placed surveillance case tried contact long time insisted saw munich july case alive multiple public notices upcoming trials placed newspapers radio october november proceedings trial got underway november lacking evidence confirming death tried permitted article charter charged counts conspiracy wage war aggression war crimes crimes humanity prosecution assigned lieutenant defence prosecution stated participated planning signed virtually legislation forward regime unsuccessfully proposed court convict dead nature activities unable prosecution extent involvement decision making convicted war crimes crimes humanity acquitted conspiracy wage war aggression october sentenced death hanging provision later found alive new facts brought light time taken consideration reduce sentence discovery remains coming years organisations including cia west german government attempted locate success west german government offered reward information leading capture sightings reported points world including australia denmark italy south_america autobiography nazi intelligence officer claimed soviet spy escaped moscow nazi hunter believed living south_america west german government declared hunt retired postal worker named told police soviets ordered colleagues bury bodies found near railway bridge near station dressed uniform clad underwear colleague found doctor second body identifying gave boss postal chief turned soviets turn destroyed wrote wife august told husband body interred bodies dead soldiers grounds berlin excavations july site specified failed locate bodies december construction workers uncovered human remains near station spot claimed buried autopsy fragments glass found jaws skeletons suggesting men committed suicide biting avoid capture dental records reconstructed memory identified skeleton damage consistent injuries sons reported sustained riding accident forensic determined size skeleton shape skull identical likewise second skeleton deemed similar height known proportions composite photographs images photographs men faces completely facial reconstruction undertaken early confirm identities bodies soon afterward west german government declared dead family permitted body case forensic examination later proved necessary remains identified german authorities ordered genetic testing fragments skull testing led professor forensic science tests dna relatives identified skull remains cremated ashes scattered baltic_sea august family september married year old father major served chairman und responsible settling disputes party hitler frequent visitor met hitler served witnesses wedding series including actress children martin april march called crown prince named hitler godfather born july named later called flight scotland died twin sister died born july born august named godfather changed flight scotland born june named godfather born born august born april born september died children fled italy april allied air attack died cancer april italy children survived war cared foster homes eldest son martin ordained roman catholic priest worked africa missionary later left married nazi awards decorations golden party badge olympic games decoration class honour old guard honour ring honour sword blood order bronze knight order crown italy explanatory notes | Martin Bormann | History | World history | Historical figures: politicians |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.