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21043_ChicagoOptionsAssociates | finance company chicago illinois trading options contracts founded davis chief executive officer hiring graduate student research director wales served position company davis subject litigation resulting decision successfully sued company davis winning judgement defendants davis tried shield assets transferring funds law firm assisted buying home florida representation davis paid maintained owed money circuit courts agreed reversed found filed case favoring law firm position decision time concept advance payment recognized state court codified ruling regulation affecting legal practice illinois history options trading finance company incorporated chicago illinois trading options contracts founded graduate university_of_chicago received bachelor degree school company originally offices chicago philadelphia pennsylvania chief executive officer company established successful reputation chicago davis hired economics graduate student analyze company model strategy wales left graduate program join company research director serving capacity adept determining future movements foreign interest rates davis wales aggressive financial trading davis joined wales form internet company wales decided form non profit organization manage website davis shell wales formed initial member located street chicago inc company subject decision lawsuit argued owed defendants obtained court ruled favor law firm stating owed firm took precedence inc ruled attorneys acceptable arrangements clients original case defendants won judgement defendants court entered judgement davis tried shield assets attorney client relationship law firm assist buying home florida arrangement davis transferred funds trust account controlled time stated contract law firm allocated funds funds pay day day company expenses attorneys learned asked court order return circuit court ruled favor appeal decision upheld reversed circuit court decision ruling property filed case favoring law firm position case dealt concept advance payment fee given attorney later services client advance payment attorney assets soon paid regardless subsequent events common types defined court included classic known true security classic described court attorney client relationship set length time particular purpose security referred deposit kept trust account attorney distinct assets case recognition advance payment illinois case defining illinois observed starting point discussion getting paid work private practice law fees inc supreme court identified types lawyer fees state referred legal descriptions fee classifications july codified definitions set forth case rule applicable practice law state known rule came practice january noted rule reflects recent supreme court decision inc describes detail called advance payment recognized | Chicago Options Associates | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
21117_NestléPurinaPetCare | missouri based subsidiary produces markets pet food treats litter pet food brands include company formed combining acquired billion consumers willing spend money pets company grew second largest pet food company globally largest united_states voluntarily recalled products widespread contamination discovered pet food industry ingredients china company recognized practices manufacturing sponsors pet related charities events markets pet food crowd sourced competitions sponsorship mobile television advertising corporate history origins formed december acquired billion merged pet food business started horse feed business marketed dog cat pro plan pet food brands produced brand pet foods merger opposed consumer advocates anti trust concerns companies combined largest pet food brand market share percent share cat food market approved merger mix brands sold creating separate missouri location chosen new company north_america headquarters early history continued integrating companies cut dry dog food manufacturing facilities inherited jefferson missouri missouri minnesota moved operations manufacturing facilities acquired expanded manufacturing facilities planned new_york location later expanded wet food production asia shifted dealer system managing distribution merged north american latin_america operations americas division formed partnership advance research following year company donated tons pet food pets affected florida donated local animal shelters grew percent revenues largest market share holder pet food industry percent market voluntarily recalled dry pet food produced plant venezuela internal investigation verified causing illnesses pets according pet food market turmoil widespread discovery contaminated ingredients period voluntarily recalled product contained wheat china contaminated recent history fastest growing divisions increasing willingness consumers spend money formed separate company called headquarters san_antonio texas sold pet insurance later acquired introduced pet litter products built new manufacturing facilities russia thailand colorado plant built largest privately owned solar panel system state september reached agreement acquire producer pet treats million annual revenues august recalled dog food bag found contain consumer sued pet died eating train treats received reports pet owners alleged treat causing illness death pets chicken products china issued warnings ingredients lab tests repeatedly confirmed later year consumer started petition asking retailers voluntarily stop carrying product petition attracted signatures following year train dog treats voluntarily taken market temporarily identified trace amounts allowed europe china approved early million settlement reached pending approval court according washington_post company later introduced brands manufacturing process supply chain acquired pet adoption website following year acquired producer cat dog treats expanded manufacturing operations australia hungary germany implemented company largest solar panel farm facilities atlanta georgia april opened cat cafe legal issues began legal dispute advertising practices class action lawsuit filed claiming dog food manufactured company hazardous pets advertised products contain meat corn said independent lab tests confirmed similar allegations counter suit week later alleged engaging characterized campaign found advertising misleading claims competitors hiding information ingredients said disagreed obey ruling class action lawsuit filed alleged company brand dog food contained toxic ingredients said ingredients approved products services according analysis pet food brands contribute substantially revenue include dog brands intended budget like cost health ingredient conscious consumers fastest growing brand company introduced cat food pro plan line senior dogs introduced contains medium chain brain function grains grain free product introduced pro plan sport contains extra fat protein intended athletic dogs available introduced product growing brazilian market called locally available ingredients fruits branded accessories training pads beds began sold brand licensing agreements manufacturers significant brands product lines include marketing advertising introduced sponsored email application send messages online talking dog sponsored site developed aol hosted crowd sourced pet videos tips content pet ownership sponsored pet tips site company introduced advertising campaign brand slogan real dogs eat meat pets rescued fed implying pets needed stay touch nature eating real meat released free iphone app called places allows users map local pet related locations like dog parks pet friendly hotels released branded facebook game called pet resort players manage virtual pet resort official sponsor westminster hosted company introduced competition pet owners win time job earning annually travel cat interview pet owners write website produced television advertisements intended austria audio effects pets hear set advertisements targeting pets directly owners business jointly created project pet slim online program intended help pets pet owners lose weight brand late featured ads westminster featured crowd sourced videos submitted response question dog great operations operated subsidiary headquartered missouri operations north_america asia africa europe latin_america oceania sixteen buildings acres headquarters including story research facility built learning training center built built million event center dog shows competitions sponsors charitable activities annual event employees volunteer work employees allowed bring pets work company site physical fitness trainers medical care employee turnover approximately percent second profitable division largest pet food manufacturer market share second largest europe globally percent share pet food market largest competitor mars percent share according report competition mars fierce won based organizational manufacturing performance manufacturing operations continuously reduced materials packaging increased recycling waste product reduced water usage addition installing solar panels produce electricity offices facilities ranked sustainable companies tomorrow annual ranking manufacturing plants | Nestlé Purina PetCare | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
21259_SwissBankCorporation | german french italian large integrated financial services company located switzerland prior merger bank largest switzerland billion assets billion equity 1990s engaged large growth initiative shifting focus traditional commercial banking investment banking effort match larger swiss rival strategy acquired based investment bank london based merchant bank mid-1990s acquired chicago based connor associates acquisitions formed basis global investment banking business merged form largest bank europe second largest bank world company logo featured keys confidence security discretion adopted merger combination banks billed merger equals quickly evident management perspective buying nearly management positions filled legacy professionals today forms core businesses particularly history traces history year private banking firms switzerland resources form consortium acted syndicate member banks original member banks von establishment joint stock banks switzerland earliest predecessors structured swiss driven country construction railroads mid-19th century formally organized replacing original consortium founded initial commitment million million initial share capital paid early bank early predecessors bank experienced initial growing pains heavy losses germany caused bank suspend favor loss reserve accumulated capital resume initially annual rate increasing later combined year acquired bank changes swiss bank english bank changed continued grow early decades 20th century acquiring weaker rivals purchased establishing branch geneva switzerland time years later bank acquired bank switzerland representation italian speaking portion country followed acquisition bank est acquisition onset world war hold bank development survived war intact suffered loss investments number large industrial companies bank surpassed billion time end grew employees purchased precious metals produce bank company established separate subsidiary spun impact stock market crash great depression severe particularly swiss suffered major bank assets fall peak billion levels billion adopted keys logo confidence security discretion logo designed swiss artist illustrator activities world war eve world war recipient large foreign funds prior outbreak world war timely decision open office new_york_city office able begin operations located building weeks outbreak war intended safe place store assets case invasion war bank traditional business fell swiss government largest client overall saw business grow result wartime government business decades war demonstrated likely took active role trading stolen gold assets world war world jewish congress lawsuit swiss banks launched retrieve deposits victims nazi persecution prior world war negotiations involving successor world jewish congress behalf ultimately resulted settlement billion august paid large swiss banks settlement coincided merger bank embarrassment collapse brought degree closure issue found relatively strong financial condition end world war billion assets contrast founded largest banks switzerland end war consequently acquired remained swiss government leading debt post war years shifting focus traditional business lending money principally private companies postwar rebuilding europe firm continued expansion international markets particularly united_states focused primarily commercial banking corporate clients switzerland remained service bank domestic retail banking network asset management business prospered 1950s embarked period sustained growth bank entered 1950s branch offices switzerland abroad doubled assets end war billion end 1950s doubled assets mid-1960s exceeding billion acquired switzerland firm continued open new offices mid-1960s time began expand asia opened representative offices latin_america bank opened branch office tokyo bank number acquisitions enhance position products acquired controlling interest later sold banks focused consumer lending similarly acquired number banks private banking sector including majority interest geneva based bank continued consolidation swiss banks acquiring acquired bank home market highly competitive focused commercial banking american multinational companies consistently largest major assets short periods temporarily moved ahead balance sheet grown billion assets bank typically rank second firmly established largest swiss bank 1980s retain position years spot following acquisitions aggressive acquisitions began 1990s weakest big swiss banks end driving force merger impacted losses real estate investments series minor controversies despite bank historically conservative posture beginning 1980s swiss peers began embrace aggressive strategy competitors japan germany bank signaled new posture opened new headquarters floor building 49th street adjoining shifted focus traditional commercial banking investment banking emphasis building trading operations bolster trading initiative acquired chicago based options trading firm expertise financial derivatives connor founded mathematician named williams bill connor connor brothers fortune trading grain founded options clearing house business provided run risk management options capital start firm established strategic relationship connor largest market maker financial options exchanges beginning connor looking partner larger financial institution entered currency joint venture proved step sale connor following merger connor combined money market capital market currency market activities form globally integrated capital markets treasury operation number connor executives brought key positions bank attempt culture followed acquisition connor acquiring asset management firm focused providing access institutions global markets founded financial management emerged largest managers pension plans managed series mutual funds pioneer development theory asset allocation largely conventional wisdom money managers 1980s 1990s begun working 1970s began building business led million management firm years built firm approximately billion assets management paid million acquire resulted profit partners million sale stake company following acquisition ran asset management business merger named chief investment officer major push investment banking acquisition leading british investment banking firm billion founded member banking family world war established reputation daring merchant bank grew respected investment banks london following flawed costly expansion merger announced talks collapsed following year purchased bank merged existing investment banking unit create leading player global investment banking years later paid million acquire white shoe investment banking firm considered member read traced roots 1830s powerhouse firms wall street 1920s 1930s 1990s particularly strong acquisitions advisory group read negotiations sell ing owned firm read partners ing integration plans acquisition read merged create read discontinued merger brought ill fated fund operations aggressively pushing ahead acquisitions series activist shareholders critical bank relatively conservative management investment trust largest attempted force major restructuring bank operations merger actually laid mutual competitor approached merger created second largest bank world management board unanimously rebuffed proposed merger supported idea merger led major revolt resulted replacement chairman successor key architects merger december announced stock merger time merger second largest banks switzerland respectively trailing discussions banks begun months earlier year merger stock merger resulted creation huge new bank total assets billion referred new distinguish combined bank second largest world time additionally merger pulled banks asset businesses create world largest money manager approximately billion assets management merger billed merger equals resulted shareholders receiving bank common shares shareholders receiving combined company named chief executive officer chairman new bank quickly evident management perspective buying nearly management positions filled legacy professionals additionally professionals suffered reductions particularly investment banking unit heavy cuts corporate finance businesses prior merger built global investment banking business read acquisitions read new_york london generally considered developing international investment banking business particularly higher margin advisory businesses read considered established platform merger completed widely speculated series losses suffered equity derivative positions late provided leverage required merger clear derivatives losses prompted accept terms proposed readily merger successor largest financial institutions world operated major financial centers worldwide offices countries employees globally november merged american stock asset management firm led chairman ceo acquisition pushed wealth asset management firm world initially business given divisional year old disappeared renamed wealth management usa bank grow considerably 2000s building large investment banking franchise compete major european firms suffered major setbacks suffered largest losses european bank mortgage crisis bank required raise large amounts outside capital swiss government series equity offerings acquisition history prior merger result combination dozens individual firms date 19th century following illustration company major acquisitions historical predecessors necessarily comprehensive list | Swiss Bank Corporation | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
21986_SASInstitute | pronounced american multinational developer software based north_carolina develops markets suite software called helps access manage analyze report data aid decision making company world largest privately held software business software fortune developed model workplace environment benefits program designed retain employees allow focus work reduce operating costs provides site free healthcare life counseling services started project create statistical analysis system proper statistical analysis system originally primarily agricultural departments universities late 1960s independent private business led current ceo project leaders university grew million revenues billion larger proportion revenues spent research development software companies point double industry average history began project agricultural department originally led joined graduate student early 1970s software primarily leased agricultural departments order analyze effect soil weather seed varieties crop yields project funded later coalition university statistics programs called software customers people attended user conference florida year early participant founded private company july offices street university later sold interest company tradition polling users suggestions improve software adopted year operation company employee fresh fruit reasonable work hours free wednesday company practices year late 1970s company established marketing department started building current headquarters forested area north_carolina later year started providing site order employee planning stay home mom begun building fitness center medical center site cafe facilities developed benefits programs known good place work frequently recognized national magazines like fortune work environment 1980s fastest growing companies america grew percent year million revenues billion revenue billion revenue billion late 1990s largest privately held software company associated_press reported analysts attributed growth aggressive spending highest ratio revenues spent industry years setting record percent revenues working new menu based interface company began relationship microsoft development windows operating systems shortly established partnerships database companies like education division created create software schools including newly formed purchased donated licenses software schools north_carolina funded advertising program million television radio campaign company considered making percent company available stock market providing employees stock options dot bubble following ultimately chose technology companies hired aggressively advantage available staff filed lawsuit alleging software product designed use features language violated copyright reverse engineered functionality ruled functionality language elements protected case discussed google introduced program intended grow sales small medium sized businesses leading provided funding curriculum assistance help start program nearby company cloud based products grew revenues percent construction building completed late year house corresponding operations march launched initiative provide free technologies support teachers students operations grown revenue year incorporated company revenues spent research development highest ratio software companies size found world largest software companies spent times industry average revenues come relatively evenly europe africa middle_east americas according company financial reporting revenues currently percent americas europe middle_east africa percent employees headquarters north_carolina employees europe asia canada latin_america ceo owns thirds company founder owns workplace known workplace culture company model workplace google taught case study management stanford identified best company work fortune annual rankings year list inception ranked elite world best multinational list fortune best companies work list march fortune ranked annual list best companies work march fortune ranked number annual list best companies work regularly best companies working mothers list benefits offers site day care services employees children normal cost medical services provided employees families free cost covered specialists employees encouraged work hour weeks free access recreation fitness center life counseling services hosts summer camp children operates site tons provided year filled wednesday similar amenities provided offices headquarters percent company assets drive gate night ceo return following day employee benefits provided business reasons company new benefits criteria benefit company culture serve significant number employees save money spent according academics company practices improve loyalty focus creativity staff professor estimated company saves million annually expenses related employee turnover annual employee turnover percent software industry average percent according usa_today workplace culture created intensely loyal staff care company unlimited sick days average employee takes free medical visits provided employees annually estimated cost company million usd save million usd employee productivity lost staff spend work hours waiting rooms hospitals structure culture limited corporate hierarchy culture company grew created new divisions instead layers management creating flat simple organizational structure according professor stanford levels organization ceo people directly report organizational structure fluid employees change roles rapidly managers involved day day work employees employees given large extent autonomy developers encouraged pursue experimental product ideas input customers guides company marketing software development according percent suggestions product improvements incorporated software dress code informal according employees describe environment relaxed employees encouraged volunteer work company makes donation non profits employees involved company primarily focuses efforts improving education funds pilot programs new education models provides free online software classrooms called acquisitions software largest privately owned software company world develops supports markets suite software called statistical analysis system captures stores presents data system programming language fortune software includes base component performs functions add graphics features sells suite statistical analysis software consists uses software include analyzing financial transactions indications fraud prices retailers evaluating results clinical trials largest market share holder advanced segment percent share fifth largest business intelligence software percent share typically sells software emphasis subscription models include support updates opposed software licenses user community certification program established created separate entity works increase availability related books hosts online develops product documentation publishes related books authored users users groups devoted specialty individual client geography local regional national international users groups | SAS Institute | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
22594_TheBeguiling | comic shop toronto ontario canada underground alternative comics classic comic strip foreign comics built international reputation focusing promoting non superhero comics superhero dominated north american comic book market store effort promote comics culture toronto organizing annual opening sister store north american comic shop aimed exclusively children history founded street near toronto ontario canada quickly built reputation diversity stock focused art oriented avant garde underground alternative comics comic book oriented according current owner earliest days store income mail order material dealt mainstream built reputation works comics stores handle controversial nature contents known toronto based trio brown associated store depicted comics shop choice decided devote time creating art later film production ownership passed expanded operations relocated floor victorian building toronto branched selling libraries organizing running location called children description reputation store agenda according derided perceived stems crash journal comics criticism mainly condemned bad comics comics historian praised store sense history saying leave shop larger sense comics international audience store retailer list awards received shared inaugural spirit won joe awards toronto comic arts festival organized unusual world comics conventions free admission event focuses alternative independent comics includes creative arts comics like traditional comics convention patterned european festivals organizers considered toronto alternative concerned associated comic books stated goal present quality prestige local international artists package respected recognized festival partnership annual event starting year festival took place toronto reference library north american comic shops focus teenage adult customers mainly adults owners wanted fill void opening children comic shop north_america possibly world opened september street annex close shop designed children mind bright colours shelves child height | The Beguiling | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
22982_BovetFleurier | swiss brand luxury chartered london noted pocket watches manufactured chinese market 19th century today produces high end artistic watches priced million style references history company known high quality miniature painting models seven day original watches emphasize beauty movements views highly decorative movements watches include second hand company tradition employing women rare traditional watch making companies europe current owner history home watch making introduced apprentice time area known metal working natural result iron deposits discovered locally 15th century flourished late 18th century production sold credit international markets prices economic brought napoleonic wars caused watch making area decrease significantly mid-19th century produced watches exclusively chinese market municipality current renown watch making centre attributed watches founder son studied art father left home political reasons brothers study watch making london studying city years firm sent china soon arrived able sell watches equivalent million currency 19th century founding company china original company founded london purposes manufacturing watches exclusively chinese market watch historians believe company established london ease shipping watches china frequent ships brothers stayed london manage shipping brother managed manufacturing developed market company target chinese watch market shared discovered potential chinese market student london borrowed design ideas onwards dominated market imperial northern china remained market leader populous south country 19th century chinese watch market jesuit watch makers early 15th century early 19th century watch making china low quality new european watches quickly appreciated notwithstanding high price popularity watches china meant company contract swiss manufacturers help meet demand sold pieces china uncommon pieces movement 1830s established manufacturing facility restrictions resulting close facility open smaller time company created chinese effectively market middle class chinese common watches china years chinese watch market collapsed competition france united_states tremendous number chinese problems caused war caused family sell interest company sold company manufacturing soon joined watches chinese market manufacturer london command high prices art objects 20th century china virtual closure chinese market continued manufacture pocket watches reduced rate frequently offer manufacturing services contract basis watch companies purchased invest trademark sold auction paris sons successful produce watches chinese market purchased brand went business acquired albert successful watch makers registered patents device pause second hand reading mechanism continued run company purchased manufacturing facilities brothers stopped producing branded watches manufactured branded watches facilities acquired brothers sold brand facilities cooperative individual watch makers modern company purchased registered trademark products mechanical watches naval instruments swiss origin branded produced sold investors established watches actually manufactured company acquired opened branch office geneva company acquired current president february june purchased manufacturing structures group produced complicated watch movements order obtain complete control quality phases watch crafting process renamed manufacture went restructuring years order bring standards second purchase precious gem setting manufacture located plan les geneva changed villa manufacture philosophy movement factory turned factory center providing watch brand select group clients luxury currently employees company produces watches year modern watches fitted mechanisms manufactured company supplied watches chinese market 19th century spends little advertise prefers private clients instead attending public watches kind pieces order watches legacy style watches include artistic detail company gives great deal independence creating elements watches encouraging creativity chinese watches originally sold pairs box good luck user watch needed repair repairs months complete design characteristics watch emphasized elements appealed chinese consumers appealing characteristics mechanics watches emphasized beauty movements views highly decorative movements watches emphasize characteristics way reason watches include second hand decorations usually european scenes plant life watches appealing chinese consumers images exotic european watches original chinese watches decorative models simpler ones simplest metal chinese watches moderate condition usually sold increasingly common internet produced china 19th century modern seen particularly markets europe branded watches sold early 1940s possibly early 1930s contained number blank movements manufactured companies initially signature logo watches simply company typical early 1940s watches stylized logo purchased company stylized logo replaced simply normal type stylized transition watches longer brand watches assembled facility bore commonly period manufactured jewel movement stem wind common movement calibre movements varied included rare date models watches contained movements watches contained movements said better produced best time time common cheap quality said poor quality negative impact produced large numbers fairly commonly found internet purchase commercial divergence identity unique history normally known refined artistic pieces utility restoration style company began watches 1990s produced unique style watch incorporated elements pocket watch form construction won awards introduction watches use trademark style today watches unique high quality miniature painting models seven day self winding watches unique company tradition employing women rare traditional watch making companies europe limited edition modern watches cost million watch usually flown manufacturing facility switzerland company witness production process meet | Bovet Fleurier | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
23559_Guthy-Renker | pronounced california based direct response marketing company sells products directly consumers television ads direct mail mail marketing internet different product groups emphasis celebrity endorsed beauty products founded began distributing treatment responsible half revenues company created seven late 1990s different products advertising channels founded channel sold revenues grew million billion history founded november met indian resort indian wells california considered starting company order placed cassette company copies real estate lecture sold time talk shows investigative news specials raising concerns consumers policy makers programs misleading avoid controversial practice disclosed paid advertisements beginning program professional quality productions invited testify congressional ethics advertising led form create industry standards following year firm cut operations news coverage drew viewers away bought percent share exchange million priority access air time television stations time grown million revenue stake company bought years later bought stake company valued billion japanese trading company bought percent portion asia subsidiary million created television station called sold firm created seven new included internet select network international fitness like online dating service psychic business perform partnered help market fitness products led legal dispute settled undisclosed terms claimed excessively aired exercise machine started selling unauthorized imitation original national claimed provided meet demand grew million revenue billion acquired portion solar energy insurance mortgage loans company products products self help courses founders bought rights self help book fans think aired selling book hosted football quarterback grossed million sales early product marketed personal power series lectures company started sell skin care products starting principal secret line endorsed market research showed percent audience women 1990s company started marketing perfect smile teeth product fitness products like fitness perfect perfect percent company revenues fitness products uses television ads direct mail internet sell products directly consumer firm production costs exceeding million usually feature celebrity sold different products approximately half revenues came treatment percent revenues international sources markets meaningful beauty anti aging skin care system endorsed developed sheer cover brand mineral makeup endorsed company manages instant line skin care products endorsed exercise equipment endorsed line endorsed celebrities including brand average annual revenue billion january announced new celebrity developed reportedly fan brand | Guthy-Renker | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
23921_Noodles&Company | fast casual restaurant headquartered colorado offers international american dishes founded grew revenue million went public company locations including franchises states july history origins idea conceived marketing executive eating new_york felt restaurants served dishes staple international foods kennedy started developing recipes mother law kitchen future head chef kennedy raised thousand dollars personal funds thousand dollars investments friends family members opened october neighborhood denver colorado kennedy joined partner real estate developer met opened second location madison wisconsin following march early history months lost thousand dollars went business reporter published negative review said killer idea criticized nearly dish tried newspapers published similar reviews response kennedy started campaign nearly aspect operation management team went chicago observe restaurants night return basement flooded madison location day kennedy list areas improvement said team completely revamped concept menu prices worked restaurant implemented warmer color scheme steam tables food warm replaced lines cook dish ordered new managers hired executive chef worked menu according days food improved dramatically growth revenues grew thousand dollars million million dollars local food critics cities began naming best fast food restaurant city frequently listed company watch won hot concept award nation million million dollars stock sold followed million million dollars round funding million round million dollars restaurant locations company started stores franchises restaurants designed lighter colors new packaging greater emphasis orders emphasized open kitchen line visible customers according company growing fast years headquarters moved boulder colorado company founder stepped position ceo year replaced number locations grew fold beginning financial crisis reaching locations recent history majority interest acquired investment group led january told scouting initial public offering months later intent public offering confirmed filing million stock time company reached locations franchises million revenues day following june stock price doubled called hottest year compared november announced pulled closing locations austin area restaurants handful cities closed planned close coming weeks including ones washington area according published reports ultimately locations closed end year menu restaurants offers international american dishes come vegetarian optional protein chicken beef shrimp sells flat bread like rice treats customers order counter served table usually seven minutes average check approximately person restaurants use soft lighting furniture recycled bamboo bench seating community tables orders online seasonal items introduced supplement menu years later added response trend low following year introduced grain naturally raised pork added meat option seasonal items free added april debuted kids meals advertising sponsored outdoor print ads million advertising budget began airing ads major television networks snake flute charm dish landing ufo emerged ads carried slogan going early 2000s company reduced advertising resources effort started slogan world kitchen introduced largest component advertising outdoor ads like billboards radio digital media news sites billboards emphasize global cuisine points parking lot says recipes imported countries cars operations franchises restaurants owned operated operated franchise model franchise locations operated independent trained uses menu branding corporate owned stores average store generated million annual revenue profit percent orders account approximately percent revenues according selective franchise based restaurants franchise partners higher ratio corporate owned stores restaurants nutrition nutrition facts posted company website based dishes company dishes high regular sized dishes containing grams serving company tend lower regular sized dishes exceed smaller portions available dishes company offers dishes free ingredients warns cross contamination occur | Noodles & Company | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
23973_NittanyFurnace | known earlier hot blast iron located pennsylvania united_states placed operation site older important feature economic life closed longer able compete modern steel producers construction began valentine thomas old firm decided sell properties consisted south cold blast iron lying mile south town holdings local iron ore mines plants served railroad subsidiary ore lands bought august organized erect new iron site torn mortgage immediately raised properties supply purchase money funds rebuilding leaders company included philadelphia banker plant built built supply ore necessary raise additional funds purchased worth bonds exchange exclusive rights rail traffic load ore delivered february went blast march company originally headed president vice president time foot meter stack hot blast capacity tons tonnes iron year ore supplied local deposits year failure bank precipitated closure sheriff november subsequently sold valentine iron company organized incorporated january president lawyer industrialist treasurer manager original family report prior charter records permanent board directors wayne reading valentine connected later president iron company affiliate active railroad promoter direction president december opened line mill hall crossing connecting mile east new line connected beech creek railroad controlled rival beginning year iron opened presumably result depressed iron market rival construction new railroad traffic rapidly diverted line prompting lawsuit enforce contract lower court initially held contract binding ruling overturned forced remove traffic pennsylvania setback compelled step president devoted management replaced valley superintendent year operated intermittently management early bought associated ore lands renamed plant sent vice president engineering survey local ore resources march empire decided use mixture local empire shut april closing indefinitely railroad bought sheriff sale december bank property appeared scene save backing philadelphia new_york investors formed bought returning blast june chief mining organizers included brother law associated prosperity return business idle months steel production open increasingly commonplace method better suited iron ore functioned best ore found increasingly difficult operate profit death february dealt blow company shared management operation continued receive ore taylor ore banks served road begun play ore delivered directly routed pennsylvania hauled delivered local ore scotia arrived pits originally delivered raised rates fall trying collect scotia ore traffic branch central responded delivering cars directly pennsylvania travel began receive lime pleasant gap miles partner general manager previous year resigned grounds health continued health result crisis idle half operated largely use inventory local ore went blast january closed december temporary facilities longer operate buyer willing operate found pig iron shipped railroad sale demolished site later legacy passing hands owners troubled year history fulfilled expectations developed replaced arguably built time went blast price ton iron driven historic low rise figure onset world war steel works pittsburgh fed ore produce iron principal advantage location proximity local ore deposits availability easily mined high grade ore hauled rail personal brilliance ability attract investment able cover decline extent death assembled seemingly empire iron extensive ore mines railroads lifetime seen end glory population steadily growing decline thirty years empire long survive little decade death demolished mines shut railroad scrapped remained grave sold wartime price scrap bring era twilight fully apparent time rising lime industry replace town prosperity fall marked beginning long decline supplanted activity | Nittany Furnace | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
24508_Enronscandal | scandal scandal revealed october eventually led bankruptcy american energy company based houston texas facto dissolution largest partnerships world addition largest bankruptcy reorganization american history time cited biggest failure formed merging years later hired developed staff executives use accounting special purpose entities poor financial reporting able hide dollars debt failed deals projects chief financial officer executives board directors committee high risk accounting practices pressured ignore issues shareholders filed billion lawsuit company stock price achieved high share end november sec began investigation rival houston competitor offered purchase company low price deal failed december filed bankruptcy chapter united_states bankruptcy code billion assets largest corporate bankruptcy history bankruptcy year executives indicted variety charges later sentenced prison found guilty united_states illegally destroying documents relevant sec investigation license public companies effectively closing business time ruling overturned company lost majority customers ceased operating employees shareholders received limited returns lawsuits despite losing stock prices consequence scandal new regulations legislation enacted expand accuracy financial reporting public companies piece legislation act increased penalties destroying altering records federal investigations attempting shareholders act increased firms remain independent clients rise merged natural gas pipeline companies form early 1990s helped initiate selling electricity market prices soon united_states congress approved legislation sale natural gas resulting markets possible traders sell energy higher prices significantly increasing revenue producers local governments resultant price asked increased regulation strong lobbying prevented regulation largest seller natural gas north_america trading gas contracts earned million interest taxes second largest contributor company net income november creation trading website allowed company better manage contracts trading business attempt achieve growth pursued strategy company owned operated variety assets including gas electricity plants pulp paper plants water plants services globe corporation gained additional revenue trading contracts array products services involved stock increased start 1990s year end higher average rate growth standard poor index stock increased compared increase decrease index years december stock priced market exceeded billion times earnings times book value indication stock market high expectations future prospects addition rated innovative large company america fortune admired companies survey causes downfall complex financial statements confusing shareholders analysts addition complex business model practices required company use accounting limitations earnings modify balance sheet indicate favorable performance combination issues later resulted bankruptcy company majority indirect knowledge direct actions lay executives lay served chairman company years approved actions details constantly focused meeting wall street expectations advocated use mark market accounting accounting based market value inflated pressured executives find new ways hide debt executives created balance sheet vehicles complex financing structures deals people understand revenue recognition energy suppliers earned profits providing services wholesale trading risk management addition building maintaining electric power plants natural gas storage processing facilities accepting risk buying selling products merchants allowed report selling price revenues products costs cost goods sold contrast agent provides service customer risks merchants buying selling service providers classified agents able report trading fees revenue value transaction trading companies conventional agent model reporting revenue trading fee reported revenue instead selected report entire value trades revenue merchant model considered aggressive accounting interpretation agent model method reporting inflated trading revenue later adopted companies energy trading industry attempt stay competitive company large increase revenue energy companies joined wealthiest fortune mainly adoption trading revenue accounting revenues increased rising billion billion extensive expansion year unprecedented industry including energy industry typically considered growth year respectable months reported billion revenues placed company sixth position fortune global mark market accounting natural gas business accounting fairly straightforward time period company listed actual costs supplying gas actual revenues received selling joined company demanded trading business adopt mark market accounting citing represent true economic value non financial company use method account complex long term contracts mark market accounting requires long term contract signed income estimated present value net future cash flow viability contracts related costs difficult estimate large attempting match profits cash investors typically given false misleading reports method income projects recorded received money turn increasing financial earnings books future years profits included new additional income included projects develop additional growth investors competitor stated accelerate income deals rising income despite potential sec approved accounting method trading natural gas contracts january later expanded use areas company help meet wall street projections contract july signed year agreement introduce demand entertainment cities year end pilot projects recognized estimated profits million deal analysts questioned technical viability market demand service network failed work blockbuster withdrew contract continued recognize future profits deal resulted loss special purpose entities special purpose entities limited partnerships companies created fulfill temporary specific purpose fund manage risks associated specific assets company elected disclose minimal details use special purpose entities shell companies created sponsor funded independent equity investors debt financing financial reporting purposes series rules special purpose entity separate entity sponsor total hundreds special purpose entities hide debt number special purpose entities partnerships thomas tax shelters financial asset investment deal real estate mortgage investment deal real estate investment deal special purpose entities accounting conventions result violation balance sheet understated equity earnings disclosed shareholders risk investments special purpose entities investors oblivious fact special purpose entities actually company stock financial guarantees finance prevented protected risk notable examples special purpose entities employed established joint venture energy investments california state pension fund called serving chief operating officer asked join separate investment interested idea terminated partner want debt assuming stake balance sheet chief financial officer developed special purpose entity limited partnership raised debt guaranteed acquire joint venture stake million organization losses kept balance sheet autumn arrangement discovered required prior accounting method disqualification revealed reported earnings need reduced million company increase million special purpose entity financing method december funding million provided million outside investor formed years later entity arrangement changed longer consolidated counted company balance sheet purchase assets including stakes power plants stocks investments bought assets worth billion stock transactions approved board asset transfers true sales treated instead loans formulated limited partnerships purpose buying poorly performing stocks stakes improve financial statements created solely serve outside equity investor needed special purpose entities board directors receive exemption code ethics title order manage companies partnerships funded million provided investors marketed equity contributed million fund entities transferred related special purpose entities named billion assets including millions shares common stock long term rights purchase millions shares plus million notes disclosed company financial statement special purpose entities pay entities debt instruments declared instruments face totaled billion entities billion enter derivative contracts capitalized manner similar accounting employed company issues stock public offering booked notes issued assets balance sheet increasing shareholders equity treatment later issue removing balance sheet resulted billion decrease net shareholders equity eventually derivative contracts worth billion lost significant value established time stock price achieved maximum ensuing year value portfolio fell billion stock prices decreased loss value meant special purpose entities technically owed billion contracts mark market accounting method claimed million gain swap contracts annual report gain responsible stock portfolio losses attributed nearly earnings properly corporate governance paper model board directors comprising predominantly outsiders significant ownership stakes talented committee review best corporate boards chief executive included best boards complex corporate governance network able attract large sums capital fund questionable business model conceal true performance series accounting financing maneuvers hype stock levels executive compensation compensation performance management system designed retain reward valuable employees system contributed dysfunctional corporate culture obsessed short term earnings maximize bonuses employees constantly tried start deals quality cash flow profits order better rating performance review additionally accounting results recorded soon possible company stock price practice helped ensure deal makers executives received large cash bonuses stock options company constantly emphasizing stock price management compensated extensively stock options similar companies policy stock option awards caused management create expectations rapid growth efforts appearance reported earnings meet wall street expectations stock located elevators company computers budget meetings develop target earnings asking earnings need stock price number feasible december million shares outstanding stock option plans approximately common shares outstanding statement stated years awards expected exercised january stock price directors beneficial ownership reported value director stock ownership million lay million believed employees constantly worried cost hinder original thinking result extravagant spending rampant company especially executives employees large expense accounts executives paid twice competitors highest paid employees received million salaries bonuses stock years later figure jumped billion risk management scandal lauded sophisticated financial risk management tools risk management crucial regulatory environment business plan established long term fixed commitments needed prepare future energy prices bankruptcy downfall attributed reckless use derivatives special purpose entities risks special purpose entities owned retained risks associated transactions arrangement implementing aggressive accounting practices hidden board directors later learned senate board informed rationale transactions approving received status updates entities operations widespread improper accounting practices revealed board practices dependent board decisions extensively relied derivatives business company board experience derivatives understand told senate argued detailed understanding derivatives organized board prevented use financial firm accused applying reckless standards conflict interest significant consulting fees generated earned million fees million consulting fees accounted roughly fees public clients houston office methods questioned completed solely receive annual fees lack expertise properly reviewing revenue recognition special entities derivatives accounting practices hired numerous worked developing accounting rules searched new ways save company money including found accounting industry standards revealed tried aggressively use literature advantage rules create opportunities got exploited weakness pressured management recognizing charges special purpose entities credit risks known entities return profit accounting guidelines required write value entity removed balance sheet loss pressure meeting earnings expectations occasionally allow accounting companies complete accounting tasks create illusion hiring new company replace equipped internal controls protect conflicted incentives local partners failed prevent conflict interest case houston office performed able critical reviews accounting decisions chicago partner addition news sec investigations public later tons relevant documents nearly computer files causing accusations cover revelations concerning overall performance led break firm following assessment appointed board look firm accounting october evidence available suggests fulfill professional responsibilities connection financial statements obligation bring attention board concerns internal contracts related party transactions committee corporate committees usually meet times year members typically modest experience accounting finance committee expertise included stanford_university widely respected accounting professor dean president center president ceo brazil united_kingdom secretary energy hong_kong businessman committee later criticized brief meetings cover large amounts material meeting february committee met hour half committee technical knowledge question properly accounting issues related company special purpose entities committee unable question company management pressures committee united_states report accused board members allowing conflicts interest duties monitoring company accounting practices scandal public committee conflicts interest regarded suspicion ethical political analyses commentators attributed fall variety ethical political economic causes ethical explanations centered executive greed lack corporate social responsibility situation ethics business political economic explanations cited inadequate staff funding regulatory oversight analysis maintained collapse resulted company reliance political lobbying rent seeking gaming regulations accounting issues habit booking costs cancelled projects assets rationale official letter stated project cancelled method known initially dictated practices projects worth million later increased million analysts given tour office impressed employees working vigorously reality moved employees office departments instructing pretend work hard create appearance division larger ruse times fool analysts progress different areas help improve stock price timeline downfall february chief accounting officer told budget managers accounting standpoint easiest year got bag march fortune article questioned maintain high stock value trading times earnings argued analysts investors know exactly earning income drawn company situation analyst suggested view company report found strange transactions erratic cash flow huge debt discuss findings prior publishing article called properly researching company cited fortune reporters reveal earnings details company trading books want know books don want tell making money conference april chief executive officer ceo verbally attacked wall street analyst questioned unusual accounting practice recorded conference complained company release balance sheet earnings statements replied thank appreciate inside joke employees mocking perceived ask variation official slogan ask comment met dismay press public previously criticism late 1990s stock trading share concern company financial mid july reported revenues billion triple year date beating analysts estimates cents share despite profit margin stayed modest average share price decreased quarter time passed number concerns confronted company recently faced operational challenges logistical difficulties operating new communications trading unit losses constructing project large power plant india increasing criticism company role subsidiary california electricity crisis august announced resigning position ceo months long served president promoted ceo cited personal reasons leaving company observers noted months exit sold minimum shares value million owned million shares date departure lay serving chairman assured surprised market change performance outlook company going forward departure lay announced assume position chief executive officer day admitted significant reason departure price stock market economist asserted new_york_times column illustration consequences occur things energy days later letter editor defended philosophy company broader goal latest attack appears discredit free market system system people choices enjoy fruits labor skill intellect heart apparently rely system controlled sponsored government choices people disagree finding integrity good faith institutions leaders example cites run electricity market california product exactly kind system active government intervention step winners california government owned utilities los_angeles pacific_northwest british_columbia disaster wealth california born regulation markets august vice president corporate development sent anonymous letter lay warning company accounting practices statement letter said incredibly nervous wave accounting scandals contacted friend worked drafted memorandum partners points raised august met individually lay gave page letter explaining accounting issues lay questioned told outside company vowed company law firm review issues argued law firm present conflict interest lay consulted executives wanted dismiss texas law protect company decided prevent lawsuit october announced wrong accounting practices approved issue investors confidence declines end august company stock value falling lay named president positions chairman office observers suggested investors significant need company business difficult understand difficult properly describe company financial statements analyst stated hard analysts determine making money given quarter losing money lay accepted business complex asserted analysts information want satisfy curiosity explained complexity business largely tax strategies position lay efforts meet limited success september prominent fund manager noted stock trading cloud sudden departure combined accounting books proper assessment difficult wall street addition company admitted repeatedly related party transactions feared easily transfer losses appear balance sheet particularly aspect technique related party entities controlled september attacks media attention shifted away company troubles little month later announced intention begin process selling lower margin assets favor core businesses gas electricity trading policy included selling oregon utility billion cash stock possibly selling stake project india restructuring losses sec investigation october announced financial statements years necessary correct accounting violations period reduced earnings million reported profits period increased end million reported reported equity reduced equity end billion reported equity additionally january jeff asserted unit worth billion claim analyst said don think knows operation worth management team claimed losses investment losses charges million money spent restructuring company troubled trading unit statement lay revealed thorough review businesses decided charges clear away issues performance earnings potential core energy businesses analysts analyst termed previously company strongest supporters asserted management lost credibility need convince investors earnings real company real growth realized disclosed board directors october earned million compensation arrangements managing limited partnerships day share price decreased day announcement sec investigating suspicious deals struck transactions seen attempting explain billion dollar charge calm investors spoke share settled collar arrangements derivative instruments eliminated contingent nature existing restricted forward contracts strategies served certain merchant investments assets left analysts feeling ignorant managed business sec investigation chairman ceo lay said cooperate fully look forward opportunity concern transactions rest days later october despite days earlier lay dismissed position citing continued discussions financial community clear restoring investor confidence require replace andy departed analysts feared revealing company practices difficult stock trading having lost half value little week october company began buying commercial paper valued billion effort calm investor fears supply cash financed purchase lines credit banks company debt rating considered investment grade bonds trading levels slightly making future sales problematic month came close concerns raised observers possible manipulation accepted accounting rules analysis claimed impossible based incomplete information provided industry analysts feared new fund bankruptcy threatened failure international financial markets tremendous presence worried consequences company possible bankruptcy executives accepted questions written form credit rating main short term danger survival end october credit rating reported time moody biggest credit rating agencies slated review possible force issue millions shares stock cover loans guaranteed decrease value existing stock additionally manner companies began reviewing existing contracts especially long term event rating lowered investment grade possible future transactions analysts observers continued complaints difficulty properly assessing company financial statements cryptic feared apart completely explain years mysterious transactions getting way head said lay late august response detailed questions business reaction worried analysts october responding growing concerns insufficient cash hand news spread seeking billion financing banks day feared moody lowered credit rating levels status lowered rating equivalent moody rating moody warned commercial paper rating consequence likely prevent company finding financing sought november began disclosure sec pursuing formal investigation prompted questions related dealings related parties board announced commission special committee investigate transactions directed dean law school day editorial new_york_times demanded aggressive investigation matter able secure additional billion financing cross town rival november news universally admired debt secured assets company valuable proposed sources claimed planning explain business practices fully coming days confidence building gesture stock trading investors worried company able find buyer received wide spectrum management apparently found buyer board energy trader based houston voted late night november acquire low price billion stock time owned quarter agreed provide billion cash specifically billion rest deal completed required assume nearly billion debt plus debt hitherto management secretive business practices possibly billion hidden debt confirmed deal november commentators remarked different corporate cultures straight talking personality ceo wondered troubles simply result innocent accounting errors november asserting billion plus time charges disclosed october reality million rest simply dormant accounting mistakes feared mistakes revealed major correction earnings announced november reduction million stated revenue years charges said come largely special purpose partnerships resulted virtual elimination profit fiscal year significant reductions years despite disclosure declared intended purchase companies said anxious receive official assessment proposed sale presumably understand effect completion transaction credit rating addition concerns raised regulatory restrictions resulting possible observers radically different corporate cultures companies promoted deal aggressively observers hopeful watson praised attempting create largest company energy market time watson said feel solid company plenty capacity withstand happens months analyst called deal good deal financially certainly good deal strategically provides immediate balance sheet credit issues critical time public reduced rating notch status company rating fall investment grade ability trade severely limited reduction elimination credit lines competitors conference affirmed bought reduce rating low high ratings noted status additionally traders limited involvement stopped business altogether fearing bad news watson attempted assure presentation investors wrong business acknowledged steps form stock options taken animosity employees management revealed lay officials sold hundreds millions dollars worth stock months prior crisis situation helped disclosure lay reputation stood receive payment million change control fee subsequent acquisition employees seen retirement accounts based largely stock ravaged price decreased year official company owned stated married couples worked lost pretty wiped employee savings plan watson assured investors true nature business apparent comfort shoe drop shoe good transaction watson asserted energy trading worth price paying company mid november announced planning sell billion worth assets general plan reduce scale sake financial stability november disclosed public evidence critical state affairs company debt obligations range billion end debts vastly excess available cash success measures preserve guaranteed specifically regarded asset sales debt statement revealed adverse outcome respect matters likely material adverse impact ability continue going concern days later november wall street expressed doubts proceed deal seek radically furthermore revealed filing money recently borrowed purposes including buying commercial paper billion exhausted days analysts revelation especially reported unaware rate cash use order end proposed need legally demonstrate material change circumstances transaction late november sources close skeptical latest revelations constituted sufficient grounds sec announced filed civil fraud complaints days later sources claimed terms arrangement demanded agree bought billion previous billion observers reporting difficulties operations profitable reports described shift business competitors sake risk exposure reduction bankruptcy november worst possible outcomes came true proposed acquisition company credit rating reduced status watson later said end couldn company little cash operate let satisfy enormous debts stock price fell end day trading editorial observer wrote perfect financial storm consequences felt creditors energy trading companies suffered loss percentage points analysts felt failure indicated risks post september economy encouraged traders lock profits question determine total exposure markets traders failure early calculations estimated billion adviser stated don know exposed credit telling clients prepare worst estimated billion debt outstanding guaranteed loans morgan chase particular appeared significant amounts lose bankruptcy additionally major assets pledged order secure loans causing doubt creditors eventually receive bankruptcy proceedings european operations filed bankruptcy november sought chapter protection days later december largest bankruptcy history surpassed bankruptcy year resulted lost jobs day filed bankruptcy employees told pack belongings given minutes vacate building nearly employees savings plans relied stock purchased early practically worthless january dismissed citing accounting advice destruction documents countered ended relationship company bankrupt trials wife pleaded guilty charges initially charged counts fraud money insider trading conspiracy crimes pleaded guilty charges conspiracy sentenced years parole plea bargain testify lay indicted counts prosecutors later dismissed favor single tax charge sentenced year helping husband hide income government lay went trial scandal january count page indictment covers broad range financial crimes including bank fraud making false statements banks fraud wire fraud money conspiracy insider trading united_states district judge previously denied motions defendants separate trials relocate case houston defendants argued negative publicity concerning demise impossible fair trial jury lay trial returned convicted counts fraud wire fraud acquitted remaining including charges insider trading sentenced years months prison reached deal resulted years cut sentence lay pleaded guilty criminal charges claimed attributed main cause company demise lay convicted counts wire fraud tried subject maximum total sentence years prison sentencing scheduled lay died july time death sec seeking million lay addition civil fines case lay wife difficult sold roughly shares minutes thirty minutes information collapsing went public november charged events related worked seven years lay know company bankruptcy able anonymous entire affair executive guilty chief accounting officer indicted charges financial condition tenure pleading guilty later switched guilty sentenced seven years prison told sixteen people pleaded guilty crimes committed company including employees found guilty executives testified main witness lay bosses chief high speed internet unit testimony helped convict lay june received month sentence accused acquitted charges related scandal represented acquitted federal criminal fraud charges month long jury trial charged found guilty justice thousands documents company files tied firm small number employees involved scandal firm effectively business sec allowed accept convicted company surrendered license august employees lost jobs conviction later overturned jury properly instructed charge supreme_court ruling theoretically left free resume operations damage great returned viable business limited scale worked british men worked special purpose entity started called swap sub investigated sec men met november discuss interactions june issued arrest seven counts wire fraud july potential witness scheduled found dead park london death eventually ruled suicide case alleged plea bargain november trio guilty count wire fraud counts dismissed sentenced months prison august retracted confessions aftermath employees shareholders shareholders lost billion years company bankruptcy billion attributed fraud nearly billion owed creditors employees shareholders received limited assistance aside pay creditors held sell assets including art photographs logo signs employees won suit million compensation billion lost settlement employees received year investors received settlement banks billion september billion settlement billion lawsuit reached behalf shareholders settlement distributed main million individuals groups law firm received million fees highest fraud case distribution announced press release extremely pleased returning funds members class getting required long challenging effort results investors unprecedented act december april held multiple hearings scandal related accounting investor protection issues hearings corporate scandals followed led passage july act nearly mirror image company perceived corporate governance matched virtually point point principal provisions act main provisions included establishment develop standards preparation reports restriction public accounting companies providing non services provisions independence committee members executives required sign financial reports certain executives bonuses case financial expanded financial disclosure companies relationships entities february instances corporate accounting violations sec recommended changes stock exchanges regulations june announced new governance proposal approved sec november main provisions final proposal include companies majority independent directors independent directors comply elaborate definition independent directors compensation committee committee committee shall consist independent directors committee members financially addition member committee required accounting related financial management expertise addition regular sessions board hold additional sessions management | Enron scandal | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
24746_TillingbourneBusCompany | bus company bus company based surrey company operated bus coach services surrey founded valley limited company taking initially operated routes area garage small single deck buses painted coach hire began years later activities split separate company operated independently years owned managed generations family sold company changed changing blue yellow moved garage year second garage opened expansion operations late 1970s early 1980s award county council contracted routes took company vehicles hampshire surrey took services london operator following company collapse run separately main company metropolitan sold management form company moved settling new larger garage town opened february local bus services led expansion including establishment new brand operations high quality coaching subsidiary operated end life began operations single vehicle expanding operate buses range types operated including early dennis vehicles later guy products company fleet updated 1990s new vehicles following closure fleet disposed vehicles sold company placed administration march following years heavy losses closed permanently month later led series service changes saw operations covered range different operators effects causing collapse included fall total number passengers buses hampshire local criticism following increase number vehicles later closed garage sites converted use industries history creation early history formed initially known operated single vehicle garage service smith left company late 1920s new route introduced time vehicles owned route extended briefly faced competition prior takeover withdrew competing route company garage rebuilt destroyed fire vehicles limited company october following death control business passed son called george coach hire excursion business introduced july split new company operated independently early 1930s service run jointly operation entire route taken august falling passenger numbers meant route cut frequency year later new grey introduced retired succeeded son sold september year route numbering introduced time routes operated company operating loss route local service withdrawn october poor usage cut frequency garage owned operations transferred open air site early change expansion company changed following introduction service new blue yellow grey introduced new managing director joined year small garage acquired maintenance work transferred majority fleet continued based company long established route extended daily service haven bus route serve community introduced number service changes saw vehicles operating day week withdrawn years service withdrawn replaced local half hourly route september company moved depots larger site collapse early prompted company launch new operation split main operation metropolitan july sold managerial team adopted continues operate june new weekly routes linking brighton introduced second replace withdrawn service improve profits brighton route beer carried sussex brewery near public houses route alongside passengers scheduled service operations coach firm acquired vehicles november withdrawn year later expansion came april following year consultation county council members new routes introduced operated competition took place services withdrawn operators following changes operator serve new vehicles purchased routes time services renumbered new digit sequence avoid confusion routes year later second new services circular route reduced frequency hourly hourly route covered extending route new service linking introduced august operation number council contracted services including route local route taken companies post following october small number service changes new route introduced service withdrawn time new brand introduced operations left company december replaced managing director early operations reduced following loss route new service briefly introduced february withdrawn months july new service site introduced expansion eastwards came november operation routes requiring buses won county council operated new service linking normandy days week introduced october second route villages added january new route normandy launched direct service village opened following award contracted work reading introduced new tourist route summer operating sundays months year provided circular service linking number nearby rural locations served routes similar services operated new service designed avoid direct competition route operated single acquired bus september reduced number journeys contracted route linked terms contract criticised residents intermediate villages claimed communities relied particular cancelled morning journey operations moved new larger site located february company believed reduce operating costs allow future expansion closure march abruptly ceased operations placed hands receivers followed years company lost receivers blamed losses increasing costs low subsidies local councils falling passenger numbers closure left staff unemployed caused large numbers passengers stranded replacement services organised bus operators majority routes covered days temporary contracted services forced find means transport workings routes covered initially thought sold operator companies reported interested early april clear place offers submitted lower value vehicles owned company criticised council members refusing company operational replacement services arranged mole valley councillor stated withdrawal services short notice totally unacceptable county councillor described closure local tragedy council leaders denied claim subsidies low related operations valley coaches bus coach operations split coaching unit taken previously employee operated depot company bought second hand coaches run private hire operations years operation launched bus service died passed wife sold established operator year later taken service withdrawn metropolitan limited february long standing operator collapsed financial difficulties decided launch test operation services proved successful services added new coaches purchased operation july operation given separate licence metropolitan limited vehicles allocated clear local area management metropolitan wanted develop business different way main company september operation directors bought subsidiary form coaches following takeover late 1990s coaching division set management traffic manager operated high quality coaches including air vehicles joined fleet coach hire tour work fleet vehicle bought single deck chevrolet seats entered service launch company route joined similar bus later year vehicles purchased depot fire destroyed buses replaced second hand buses including seat dennis vehicles november outbreak world war progressively replaced new buses built double deck vehicle bought joined fleet bought replace entire previous fleet succeeded wide variety types coaches buses numerous 1970s number second hand ecw bodies operated period shortly range types large number vehicles continued bought new late 1980s fleet included models single built company bought seat fleet late 1980s early 1990s included rare bought new coach body built fleet substantially updated shortly prior company closure single bought followed number products including single built common type fleet late 1990s use total fleet bought low floor buses new legacy subsequent history routes taken variety local operators took majority operations west sussex division took services operations taken took route took routes reading following end operations newer vehicles sold use buyers included took bought surviving bought biggest customer took vehicles including mercedes vehicles remained surrey including leased passed bought fall bus passenger numbers areas hampshire served explained result loss services caused company closure increased vehicle requirements garage took routes led criticism residents area suggestion site closed operations moved location depot buses operation sold september moved operations garage closed site garage sites converted uses permission granted february smaller site abandoned shortly company closed taken plant vehicle hire firm larger site final months operation converted use mail order firm permission change granted local council november | Tillingbourne Bus Company | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
25226_HoltManufacturingCompany | traces roots founding california united_states later credited tractor design incorporated company successfully manufacture continuous track tractor start 20th century leading manufacturer combine united_states leading california based manufacturer steam traction engines operated base california opening satellite facility washington serve pacific_northwest expanded purchasing facility defunct farm implement maker illinois changed company trademark company initial products focused agricultural machinery distributed internationally world war production capacity dedicated military needs widely allies place horses haul heavy artillery tow supply trains played varying degrees development military tanks great_britain france germany equipment credited helping allies win war tractor regarded important military vehicles time gained worldwide recognition quality equipment war ended company left huge surplus heavy duty ill suited agricultural market dominated war primary competitor company decided focus instead heavy construction equipment sought capitalize passage laden debt needing capital switch product line company struggled forward hurt depression sales companies streamlined product lines companies spent million today legal fees fighting contractual trademark patent infringement lawsuits advice investors companies merged form tractor largest company world company origins arrived san_francisco concord new_hampshire form initially company produced wooden wheels wagons later steel wheels age younger brother benjamin went work father new_hampshire preparing shipping charles san_francisco william joined charles san_francisco year charles established san_francisco company sold hardwood lumber wagon carriage materials primarily manufacturing wagon wheels frames temporarily returned new_hampshire married manage eastern business brothers built factory concord new_hampshire manufacture wagon wheels wheel components bodies running gear age benjamin given interest father business assumed responsibility company operations moved ohio manage company lumber business remained early 1880s mother died father died years later father death left new_hampshire help charles build business california charles benjamin frank incorporated january deal lumber iron days later filed incorporation papers manufacturing company directors formed subsidiary wheel company build wheels based company warm town california ideal location reached sea going ship miles east san_francisco hot season woods way prepare use arid valleys california west factory cost build horsepower steam engine manufactured providence rhode_island shipped plant machines driven belts connected engine benjamin eventually bought brothers charles running business benjamin running manufacturing operations year subsidiary produced wagon wheels carriage bodies popular wheel types feet diameter connected wheels strong feet axle attached team horses pull logs forest farm equipment late 19th century large number companies world build practical horse drawn combine farm equipment soon moved steam powered farm machinery later designs type patents issued designs began manufacturing horse drawn combine 1890s converted steam power types start 20th century years designed manufactured successful type tractor designed gasoline engine tractor design california san direct competitors resolved patent infringement lawsuit retired gave son best sold remaining thirds roughly equivalent today plant manager new concern retained effective control stay long left form replace father firm resulting difficulties men registered trademark plant illinois wanted find manufacturing facilities closer vast agricultural markets midwest nephew dispatched march minneapolis minnesota began manufacturing operations shipped parts model produced met implement dealer knew available factory manufacture farm steam traction engines baker later executive vice president wrote headquarters described plant bankrupt illinois inspected factory late june learned spent relatively new building machinery acquire assets note held trust company wrote letter management team july reporting plant complete perfect detail seen best arranged plants saw october purchased factory immediately began preparing plant operations employees incorporated illinois california january accepted deed plant east eastern manufacturing plant competing nearby facility proved profitable years later facility employed people argentina canada mexico built east engineers building mile long bought model haul supplies hauled short tons grade impressed ordered giving tractor company considerable credibility substantially sales merged merged companies combined capital million merged san illinois post war challenges widely artillery world war capabilities reliability known gained valuable experience securing government contracts capabilities separated competition obtained significant loans begun large expansion meet war planners need steam powered tank evaluation steam engines concentrated supplying market smaller agricultural best war effort secured promises federal government able obtain steel required continue building farmers war result best gained considerable market advantage war end best assumed considerable debt allow continue expansion especially production new best model war ended planned expansion meet military needs longer needed company left difficult situation types needed military different farmers needed situation worsened artillery brought europe depressing prices new equipment inventory military company moved focus agricultural machinery producing road building equipment company afloat borrowed heavily companies affected transition wartime peacetime economy contributed nationwide depression sales december year old died month long illness considered quiet man loved work liked workers dedicated trust fund employees suffered financial difficulties company formed banks held company large debt forced board directors accept candidate succeed boston banker joined company business manager company struggled transition wartime boom peacetime bust initially cut large company product line introduced smaller models focused agricultural market funded billion federal highway building program began focusing company assets road construction formed faced fierce competition company best spent million legal fees fighting companies competed economically patents nephew patents best founder received patents son patents bond house san_francisco involved funding debt shareholders approached company financial plight concluded companies survive recommended best companies consolidate operations april financially stronger merged market leader form tractor removed ceo earlier assumed title ceo remained role october new company headquartered terms merger moved company consolidated product lines offering track type ton ton ton old product line product line ton ton models discontinued ton discontinued completely new tractor produced union companies death bill formed mexico authorized operate southern counties texas company merged business renamed continues largest united_states ownership management benjamin great grandson better known owner nba time world champions largest company world best performing stock year companies jones industrial average market value billion companies stock tracked jones industrial average fortune company ranked number industry billion assets tractor design horse drawn combine brothers benjamin showed technically adept saw need farm machinery expanded company line include farm equipment including combine steam powered traction engines required pull fields produced horse drawn link belt combined allowed farmer combine cutting grain single mechanical operation enabling farmers cut wheat pass increasing productivity cutting labor hours nearly half key innovation implemented flexible chain belts gears transmit power ground wheels working parts machine company sold combine foot cutting bar pulled horse team largest combine manufactured foot long cutting bar comparison large modern combines foot cutting bar combines needed horses operate adapted combine work slopes added separate wooden frames enabled drive wheels raised lowered independently allowed combine operate slopes steep degrees machine remained level built experimental steam traction engine nicknamed old built foot long frame developed horsepower single cylinder inch diameter inch stroke burn wood coal oil fuel carrying gallons imp gal water traction engine weighed pounds rode huge metal wheels popular despite weight awkward size harvest large fields sixth cost horse drawn combine soon adapted haul logs road forests company employees sold combined california manufacturing steam powered steam extremely heavy weighing pounds horsepower sank rich soft earth valley delta farmland surrounding california tried solve problem increasing size width wheels increasingly complex expensive difficult maintain tractor wheels feet tall feet wide producing tractor feet wide spend hours private workshop experimented adding multiple wheels ultimately track laying technique crawling people attempted add tracks moving machines patents issued worldwide failed work practical situations paid right produce vehicles patent center innovation england year traveled england learn ongoing development period chief engineer managing director england experimenting chain track design incorporated steering clutch varied speed set wheels allowing operator turn tractor roberts obtained patent design july december considerable influence competitors including returned applied skills company expertise design testing develop track laying system replaced wheels horsepower steamer set wooden tracks chains thanksgiving day november successfully tested updated machine delta land company photographer reported observed tractor like seized metaphor reported got british troops witnessed working prototype track type vehicle july continuous tracks allowed practical cultivation rich farmland industrial scale invention allowed reclaim thousands acres delta land previously farming began producing models brand production model dual track frame inches high inches wide feet long tracks inches previously produce wagon wheels sold model steam powered tractor company employed workers plant nearly sold countries gasoline engines son benjamin half brother working past years named president newly formed named aurora street located new company manufactured gasoline engines replace large heavy steam boilers power earlier gasoline engine considerably reduced overall size weight tractor produced power pound weight reduced tractor cost making cost effective affordable popular gasoline engine tractor model weighing pounds horsepower engine treasurer subsidiary having better power weight ratio gasoline engined tractor required fewer men operate competing steam engines typically required crew seven including highly skilled paid licensed farm engineer responsible rising middle night start boiler fire steam light steam traction boilers huge need water fuel coal wood seven man crew time spent keeping fueled wheel introduced tractor virtually carbon copy design conventional wheel steer crawling type wheels looked similar traction engine best introduced models steering wheel offered best introduced patents trademark disputes aggressively defended patents quick sue felt rights june claimed certain devices held trademark sent farmers owned california letter containing demand stop competitor face lawsuit month sued infringement patents traveling combined defendants successfully filed getting suit dismissed months later competitors nature warned farmers considering buying equipment prosecuted patent infringement payment best patent infringement lawsuit ensued years legal battles companies decided settle court parties resolved suits cash payment provided license giving access patents applying manufacturing bought father old factory closed acquiring company built new factory location company gained attention continued improvements products buys patent received patent december improved traction engine improvement vehicles especially traction engine class included endless traveling platform supports engine carried designed gasoline engine power tractor paid today rights use patents visited complaining patent infringement opinion expensive lawyers concluded patents little value prior art visited took country drive raised issue money merely suggested divide country northern woods remainder nation promised write letter effect best patent exhibited new california state fair sued time patent infringement thought best defense prove patents violated patents best lawyers visited sought assistance friendly witness friendly allegedly responded god young man glad god charter kill man train california kill old best bought rights patents pre dated patents purchased earlier rights patents best counter sued trademark credited producing practical continuous tracks use registered trademark best named began building model plant model factory additional models followed including model sold eventually renamed model best selling wheeled tractor competitor emerges son left general manager established father company near california immediately sued claiming breach contract infringement owner believed owned best prevail best continued produce directly competed models continued worked build tractor perform rugged tasks heavy fitted blades hired grade roads soil rock construction purposes sold worldwide early military uses england starting attempted interest british military officials tracked vehicle failed bought patents related chain track track type tractor value unlike tractor wheel tracks steered controlling power track world war broke problem trench warfare difficulty transporting supplies pulling power crawling type drew attention military company vice president general manager retired traveled offer services appointed chief ordnance serve chairman board organized handle production artillery program ordered tractor trials powerful horsepower tractor horsepower better suited haul heavy loads uneven ground load tractor managed walking pace miles hour load manage miles hour importantly readily available quantity suitably impressed chose gun tractor representatives french company present trial ordered number model known baby unlike models fully tracked forward wheel model gasoline powered tractor standard tractor adopted quantity vice president reported weighed pounds horsepower company meet demand licensed manufacturers build design years major artillery tractor mainly haul medium guns like inch pounder later inch hauled artillery supplies allies frequently place horses hauling artillery supplies tracks allowing negotiate terrain impassable horse teams wheeled vehicles haul long trains freight wagons dirt tracks particularly useful october britain france sent divisions assist italians ferried supplies ammunition steep twisting mountain roads weeks companies dual role gun supply trains campaign influence development tanks europe major sent france army war correspondent soon saw potential track laying tractor proposed sir secretary british build power driven bullet proof tracked vehicle destroy enemy machine guns inspiration development british tank carried rudimentary trial tractor key figures tank development including influenced investigated possibilities tracked fighting vehicles decided pursue production design instead independently developed british tanks french purchased usa basis early tanks later war austro hungarian army loaned germans formed basis german tank use british world war end war received model model cylinder model eighth approximately vehicles allied forces tank prototypes washington supervised design building ton ton ton artillery based tractor design request board work finally completed conjunction engineers company tank built prototype utilizing combined gasoline electric propulsion horsepower cylinder engine produced power generator turn provided current drive electric motors motor track progress prototype stage produced tracked gun carriers prototype mark gun mount carried inches weighed pounds road speed mile hour miles hour additional prototypes produced including mark mark departed slightly prior models completed preliminary study man tank later built ford company prototypes rejected trials found size offer relative agility required tank cross country travel produced self propelled gun travel miles hour exceeding military requirement miles hour climb degree slope work completed armistice signed war ended self propelled artillery garner attention end 1930s world war returned company mark vii designed built millimetres gun mounted ran speed miles hour company finished mark achieved speeds miles hour test run san_francisco british april british colonel unsuccessfully advocated base armoured fighting vehicle traveled tour usa publicly thanked workers contribution war effort relayed england gratitude developer track wooden miniature early british tank powered motorcycle engine built especially showcased pictures colonel visit | Holt Manufacturing Company | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
25430_Tapad | venture funded company develops markets software services cross device advertising content delivery uses analyze internet device data predict devices owned person participating websites cater advertisements based collective knowledge user actions devices founded raised million funding june million march january entered agreement acquire approximately purchase price usd million debt cash free basis history idea conceived ceo consumer electronics saw attendees switching thought brands able cater ads individual users switch devices began developing software founded took year company obtain client organization grew quickly raised million funding opened sales offices major cities company hired people moved headquarters larger office new_york_city million funding raised march million raised july fund additional expansion europe additional million funding raised july january entered agreement acquire percent million software services uses data operating system addresses online data publishers develop probability different devices shared person household according data contains personally identifiable information data sample tested nielsen accurately identified users devices cases slightly methods require advertising consumers devices user shown mobile tablet device based websites visited based usage behavior matches target audience example android phone visits website shortly home network assess high probability devices operated person similar ads devices according company website services include cross device things like location timing user behavior audience analysis early partnered placed company measurement store consumers introduced features services attempt measure advertising campaign resulted consumers visiting business location introduced pulse product uses data party data suppliers attempt measure effect digital advertising campaigns device licensed technology companies integrated products privacy advertisements usually feature explains shown result analysis provide opt button compliance standards set disclosure features provided partnered november according forbes burgeoning success risks congress privacy advocates company ceo says shouldn problem doesn collect personally identifiable information | Tapad | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
25452_ChuckE.Cheese's | pizza chain american family entertainment centers restaurants chain primary brand headquartered texas establishment serves pizza menu items complemented arcade games amusement rides displays focus entertainment entire family brand derives main character comedic mouse sings guests california location open concept authored founder credited bringing video games mainstream family restaurant integrate food animated entertainment indoor arcade chain merged competitor forming inc early 1990s company unified brands renaming location pizza redesigned logo dropping pizza store inc company operates locations corporate history originally referred founded founder seeking expand video game arcades adult locations like pool halls kid family friendly venue experience amusement park industry fondness influential concept location opened california labeled family restaurant integrate food cheap animated entertainment indoor arcade purchased concept corporate parent restaurant increasingly successful began franchise resulting development agreement agreement handed exclusive rights opening sixteen states southern united_states forming company subdivision pizza develop pizza place november met inc concerned strong competition work requested release development agreement citing december formed pizza place inc business relationship identical aspects animation provided pizza place opened location march kansas_city missouri opening sued breach contract immediately issued counter suit citing court case began march eventually settling court agreeing pay portion profits following decade period changed moved headquarters texas restaurants experienced increased success video game industry robust maintain competition franchises continually modified shows restructuring went public evolving video game industry video game crash resulted significant losses lost million debts resulting filing chapter bankruptcy bought company merger restaurants continued operating different titles major financial restructuring begun eventually publicly traded sales increasing period began ties officially left company september eventually resulting unification mixed characters restaurants assumed pizza changed concept company renamed inc renaming related bought competitor discovery zone celebrated 30th anniversary february acquired share million open locations north_america south_america middle_east mascot redesign announced mascot receive major character look like lead singer musical group hired new voice voiced years newly designed character featured series advertising campaign spots produced breed international expansion early 80s restaurant opened australia pizza word meaning throw australia early 80s opened restaurant hong_kong soon closed bankruptcy products menu items primary focus pizza offers cold cut buffalo wings bars stores test locations feature new foods certain locations offer beer wine starting november new free menu items available locations canada currently includes choice personal size cheese pizza individual chocolate entertainment arcade currency time company inception today main draws stores arcade arcade games primarily consist redemption games video arcade games brass issued company use arcades exist numerous varieties collected enthusiasts company tested card access method use arcade skill games location test location longer use instead use card access credits replace points replace tickets later scrapped tested different names including super card method currently tested markets instead electronic tickets like cards patrons carry paper tickets card place metal called new system play pass figures arcade main draw centers beginning mid-1990s recently attention placed different styles shows use company depending location opened renovated factors location opened characters featured framed portraits hanging walls main dining area longer use today featured cat character face retirement soon replaced singing chef main focus later restaurants added shows separate rooms restaurant frequently changed sole female character named main achieved applying change existing robot change stage backdrop match performer beginning company installed new stores referred studio consists single animated character alongside large television monitors lighting effects interactive elements characters appear screens markets company tried new store concept animated entirely circle lights stage consists live costume character futuristic light stage large television monitors members currently perform vocals vocals vocals keyboards vocals guitar vocals percussion shows types shows live road live performed stage child celebrating birthday live way pumping crowd rendition happy birthday sung child celebrating birthday happy birthday dances guests sings accompanied cast members road performance character performed outside normal children gathered public announcement system wants kids dance order win free tickets free tickets thrown end performance kids participated comes hour half hour etc songs kids dance usually known classic songs happy know head shoulders knees toes | Chuck E. Cheese's | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
25962_Seltaeb | company set exclusively look merchandising interests behalf managed enterprises beatles john_lennon paul_mccartney george_harrison directly prior beatles american visit wanted manage escalating volume merchandising requests found unable cope asked lawyer oversee task knew asked interested taking merchandising subdivision altogether paying commission accepted offer subject rate leaving beatles combined completely unaware potential market existed particularly america agreed deal subsequently lost beatles estimated possible income december took control set beatles backwards usa able favourable commission august embroiled year court battle payment time potential sponsors lost interest august died ruled accidental prescribed drug found hanged garage december later retired bahamas merchandising beatles achieved nationwide success britain permitted small company run cousins initially fan club members produce beatles shillings eventually selling beatles popularity grew stormed besieged novelty goods companies wanting use beatles images plastic guitars drums disc racks belts huge variety merchandise adamant beatles directly endorse product grant companies able produce quality product fair price companies selling products licence offers endorsements america following success want hold hand usually meticulous matters involving beatles decided delegate responsibility felt distracting main task managing expanding roster artists asked london based living celebrity lawyer clients included appoint specifically assignment gave power attorney matter handed daily management chief clerk knew merchandising business forced look knew year old called encountering friend cocktail party offered project saying brian terrible mess merchandising said sitting half horse guard amateur racing driver previously involved music publishing clothes design theatre production managing club london known group people called king road rats previous experience merchandising managing large business reluctant later agreed delivered merchandising contract office december leaving blank asked percentage rate write replied look typical percentage expected begin negotiate contract came meaning read signed advice better lapse set scene later legal deprived beatles large sums money easily overshadowed royalties receive medium term sale records later said couldn wait somebody mess later realise error judgment charged commission licence receiving giving controlled companies europe usa invited friends partners unknown investing business acquaintance heir ninth earl confused beatles beatles flight america offered numerous samples products required licence allowed sell plastic games rejected directing instead new_york drake hotel park avenue 56th street rented expensive offices fifth avenue hiring hour standby helicopter fly clients airport insisting presidents merchandising companies allowed talk directly partner lord helped promote company use title later recall going office twice week draw petty cash wall_street_journal predicted american teenagers spend million dolls egg cups shirts narrow legged pants new_york_times wrote factories smoking night day meet demand sold products valued retail value million paid licence sold million shirts days produced beatles dolls orders selling faster produce day licensed different items internationally dolls bath water shirts bubble cans chicago usa green duck chicago usa metal company based chicago operating late 1960s making election politicians memorial american businessmen saw beatles merchandising biggest marketing opportunity created offered buy share companies incentives money paid low tax offshore bank account bahamas partners retain control companies ferrari cars given free partner turned offer court cases passed impressed asking owed told brian went describe massive interest getting companies usa horrified realising error accepting small percentage decided tell beatles immediately instructed negotiate contract finally achieved seven months later august raised royalty times december reported damages million accused spending personal comfort benefit months suit accused charging hotel bills week opening charge accounts fifth avenue shops alleged hired week withheld royalties said cancel agreement companies forthcoming denied charges admitted hired familiar streets new_york supreme court judge reserved decision accused accounting properly cancelled power grant started counter lawsuit new_york asking damages instructed employees deal directly american companies instigated court proceedings took years settle entailed individual claims won case paid court costs legal bills judgement later vacated meaning cancel render void legal battle companies refused merchandising agreements orders worth million court case effect estimated lost beatles approximately enterprises later launched try merchandising boom companies withdrawn interest wake angered america bible belt remark suggesting beatles popular jesus opportunity passed feared beatles renew contracts autumn discovered truth problems remain death august ruled accidental prescribed drug investors missed massive profits following contracts later claim having received mysterious phone calls death found hanged garage december days death asked police protection telling private detective terrible trouble going list known people retired bahamas yacht later moving area wiltshire aftermath time managers pop groups knew income music merchandising generate artists survived long pop domain viable investment far concerned merely good public relations revenue arose sale beatles endorsed products regarded merely extra money supplemented beatles individual live performances record sales recognised industry grossed million elvis_presley taylor assistant later admitted financial mistakes best people said wasn good easy remember rules making went america met known divorce lawyer later asked merchandising affairs beatles later state reality beatles saw penny merchandising tens millions dollars went drain way thing judgement vacated smell smoke ashes badly burned beatles memorabilia licensed sold conventions internet said years later business end ripped thing said looked dad business advice dad knew run furniture store liverpool later wrote financial mistakes beatles insider diary beatles million dollar wild rise fall | Seltaeb | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
26020_RandallMadeKnives | knives knives usually referred american custom knife manufacturer founded factory located orlando florida began making knives hobby son grandson continue family trade producing knives year shop offers models knives different applications factory based customer specification hand nearly models knives instead factory manufacturers uses step process making knives usually takes hours complete waiting list obtaining factory typically years examples model designed use display company operates museum containing knives edged weapons including world largest collections pocket knives history interested making knives purchased bill knife paint boat showing signs wear damage knife garage lake florida auto spring founded company originally designed knives sold sporting goods stores demand military customers initially provided biggest boost business launched company nationally early 1940s knives significantly increased popularity receiving good publicity world war noted war heroes fronts carried knives major battles including lieutenant general commander normandy invasion captain ronald_reagan future president owned knife popular overseas ordered mail simply addressing letters knife man orlando shortly war popularity knives increased non military users developed additional models specifically expanding markets received united_states design patent models author mentioned knives book came running subsequently helped design knife vietnam war general commander american military operations vietnam photographed pilot incident carried inducted blade atlanta georgia died orlando florida years age son currently oversees production knives inducted blade magazine blade inducted knives listed best knife forbes best list space initiated space program nasa needed survival knife major worked design model carried space recovering liberty bell mercury space capsule ocean astronaut knife found inside despite having spent years depth feet underwater knife good cleaning historical significance displays museum music texas musician wrote sang original song knife father song appeared clark album sang played guitar clark original recording mentions knife father key life album key friend contemporary mentions knife song album knives museum located shop facility orlando contains knives edged weapons largest collection pocket knives world home world largest collection knives museum contains historical pictures documents related knives plans museum larger facility models websites knives official website web articles story april | Randall Made Knives | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
26648_ComverseTechnology | technology inc originally founded israel technology company located new_york united_states developed marketed telecommunications software company focused providing value added services service providers particular mobile network operators wholly partly owned fusion words communication versatility founded company went public led founder ceo jacob alexander company originally specialized centralized hardware software systems voice sold telecommunications companies large enterprises funding came israeli government subsidies tax credits provided research development tech firms mid-1990s successful products allowed legal authorities intelligence agencies record store data collected intercepted communications starting late 1990s voice software main product company grew rapidly surge mobile phone use passing billion mark revenues established formidable position worldwide mobile management market sold popular short message service center product headquartered company research development israel visible success stories israel tech industry israel largest employers software engineers closely followed nation business press israeli associated company join index involved options scandal alexander executives charged multiple counts conspiracy fraud money making false alexander fled country engaged prolonged fight scandal proved difficult recover company removed spent years consumed costly need financial reports years additionally affected financial crisis changes mobile phone market company underwent rounds large scale sold parts business company began turnaround holdings ceased exist independent companies carry known product lines systems multiple known provider software systems enabling value added services voice mobile internet mobile advertising billing active customer management communications solutions support flexible deployment models including network hosted managed services run circuit switched network environments customer base spans countries covers communication service providers serving billion subscribers typically provided percent overall revenue local offices countries corporate headquarters located massachusetts known provider solutions analysis intercepted communications digital video focused security surveillance business intelligence enterprise products aimed enable government enterprises sense vast information collect meet performance security goals solutions organizations countries headquartered new_york offices worldwide employees globe percent owned provides signaling solutions wireless internet communications products equipment service providers worldwide deploy mobility location payment switching services headquartered new_jersey additional offices united_states europe asia acquired sold sells integrated voice data networking solutions use centers worldwide originally independent company acquired provides services mobile network operators portfolio includes international services core network solutions technologies including intelligent networks generation networks fully owned sold million venture capital operation created subsidiary partnership invested start companies directly active late 1990s early 2000s history origins company origins date sources differ aspiring investment banker alexander engineer alexander brother law columbia_university computer science professor got founded israeli start company meeting new_york idea building business centralized hardware systems support voice selling telecommunications companies large enterprises voice services customers quickly returned israel started company goal securing israeli government grants fund research development work early years company difficult founded united_states parent company chosen fusion words communication versatility went public million company money gained final round funding founders trouble working divorced alexander sister alexander left sole control company pulled company penny stock edge collapse early successes lead alexander credited turning fortunes million direct investment company won potentially million contract largest deliver computers running applications west german cellular networks beating far larger corporations process company biggest early customers company annual sales million selling combined voice system early successes came avoiding huge telecommunications companies instead focusing selling medium sized companies wireless market europe company sought variety markets including developing countries mexico china virtual telephone service gradually product emphasis shifted hardware software headquartered nearly manufacturing israel able substantially benefit government subsidies tax credits provided research development tech firms industries israel industrial research development foundation israeli companies built model including software company 1990s received research development grants program company reported percent rise profits revenues million range named company watch fortune magazine stock disappointing earnings report best known product sold overseas clients allowed legal authorities intelligence agencies record store data collected half company revenues point market analysts recommending stock growth wireless market leader voice software late 1990s surge mobile phone use market focus wireless operators overseas companies gained formidable position worldwide mobile management market growth coincided sms text messages popular big application sms mechanism tell wireless stored box expanded application blown short message service center receives processes dispatches sms messages mobile network branded intelligent short message service center typical software ran based platforms later found success lower price solution lower traffic networks competed solution companies space included found considerable market penetration exemplified hong_kong wireless carriers participant forming international wireless standards salt language add voice capabilities web based applications additional industry standards groups active include addition growing began acquiring companies israel acquired later known renamed acquired key rivals million stock acquisition gave large telecommunications market meant supplying voice systems world carriers left largest supplier northern saw record earnings formed wholly owned representing telecommunications services platforms products digital monitoring recording products respectively revenues billion global operations continued aggressively acquire small companies fill technologies exemplified purchase day period company stock price rose late early company able raise money times including subsidiary million shortly dot bubble burst prominent profitable success stories israel tech industry referring flagship industry ceo alexander sought meetings world leaders chinese president known later stated wizard israel technology boom stated goal israel finland largest employers software engineers israel stock widely held israeli investing public consequence successes failures followed closely country financial press prominent israeli companies enterprise software sector closely followed company israeli run ceo particular favoring loose relaxed system knew employees lines management reporting frequently bypassed joined index israeli associated company set mark joined index early 2000s recession led struggles global economic leading publicly announced profit warnings stock price july jobs cut period restructuring efforts company acquisitions buying instant specialist million having previously purchased percent stake image israel blue chip tech stock suffered led slide large israeli technology firms management criticized analysts having issued optimistic forecasts israeli firms industry worse failed completely period addition european market mobile management saturated wireless market decline changed partly separate thriving business struggles staged successful minority portion stock employees nearly countries partial economic difficulties revenues million december report raised concern equipment provided government electronic vulnerable systems allegedly door intercepted unauthorized parties reporter said reason believe israeli government implicated classified secret investigation underway march story fox report concluded suspected having introduced systems catch gates order intercept record store wire hardware render listener listened pursue allegations years legal commercial actions type taken fbi branch government related data access security issues real evidence presented allegations favorite topic conspiracy company million sales employed people half located israel country held research development workers occupied company seven buildings district business marketing operations stationed company new_york headquarters options improper accounting technology involved options scandal year company founder ceo stepped position alexander finance chief senior general counsel stepped charged july new_york multiple counts conspiracy fraud money making false sec related alleged options actions related stock options accusations included options stock trading low prices use fake names option holders creation secret funds hold illicit gains sec filed civil charges filing false annual quarterly financial reports statements alexander fled country classified wanted fugitive august september arrested hiding family bought house country club convicted faced years prison released bail subsequently engaged long far successful battle avoid money options crime leaving transferred million israel ending million blocked government overall sought million alexander assets april alexander won victory allowed continue live work country request finally ruled november alexander agreed pay government million settle sec case targeted settle lawsuits shareholders executives pleaded guilty criminal charges sentenced year prison prosecutors million sec sentenced time served minimal period originally custody companies investigated charged options known cases words pair financial writers poster child stock option fraud continuing difficulties scandal proved difficult recover charged executives stayed fired pay company said pursue legal action board directors expanded new ones americans new ceo came board april ongoing management crisis prevented company engaging new innovation entering new business areas despite economic climate growth occurred research analysts began company break accounting issues option unable file timely financial reports sec stock february removed time stock traded sec settled case company subject penalty fines matter accept permanent injunction future violations law publicly traded companies settlement similar case reached failure file timely financial reports company risk having stock registration revoked process deciding involving sec administrative law judge active financial crisis caused difficulties new occurring october march august company reportedly lost considerable money moves typical tech companies caught bad economic environment products viewed highly survey ranked world type billing services worldwide market share leaders providing message service centers wireless carriers rise popularity sending mail eroded carrier market products services company upper management largely american israeli internal criticism frequent clashes company culture early planning finally release annual report financial statements return fully listed anticipating piece positive news july million investment known entrepreneur promised financial reports come august public announcement company short cash planning subject stock completely caused drop stock price market company falling billion ceo said simply challenging times august analysts stating break selling spin business units running low cash engaged explore possibilities large known technology companies potentially interested private equity firms possibly interested company employees continued having half employed israel rest france continuing financial reporting problems cost company million fees related costs largest drain cash position fact senior management awarded bonuses time rounds left employees feeling outraged restructuring affected acquired business unit france possible october agreed sell thirds ownership subsidiary private equity firm million deal closed december company sold holdings million sold million land tech area north planning build new headquarters october finally published financial reports fiscal years company fiscal year runs february year january revealed company lost billion period february company announced effort report fiscal delayed restructuring independent business units focusing emphasis billing systems mobile carriers resumed possibly march revenues fiscal announced billion billion years previously overall loss million stepped ceo tenure stock fell percent price employees laid million time gained payments million departure overall stint leader company regarded positively israeli business press new ceo non executive chairman company american head company april company agreed million settlement government violations taken place payments order obtain purchase orders reported sales commissions accounting hopes recovery half analysts said accounting problems largely restructuring improving cash balance revenue growth positioned ongoing operations possible sale predicted company profit fiscal year gained tens millions new business hiring modest numbers employees including basis june results fiscal announced finally bringing company current annual reporting revenues rose billion company net loss million cash position stated sufficient meet needs positive sign recovery came listed september april results fiscal announced revenues remained flat billion company net loss decreased million results fiscal year demonstrated return net income million restructuring august series transactions announced end functioning entity making independent company known simply allowing buy majority stake selling said agreement planned spin result tax efficient distribution shareholders direct ownership independent capitalized publicly traded companies named ceo newly independent transactions completed february represented effective technology holding entity september new entity changed industry recognition years won number awards industry including product year ultra media product year ultra intelligent recording development group innovative solutions award frost sullivan year award business support systems international engineering consortium best product solution leadership award solution international engineering consortium awards best new product billing suite internet excellence award product internet excellence award package business support system product | Comverse Technology | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
26794_CSGInternational | multinational corporation headquartered colorado postal designation corporate address provides software services primarily telecommunications industry founded division data independent corporation acquired million contract largest cable business time influential company growth million revenue million went public dispute led million arbitration settlement acquired business continued business expanded relationship acquisitions 2000s companies sold billing customer service operations software corporate history early history founded division payment processing company time data operated acquired controlling interest company formed group large scale billing statement processing center prints bills consumers established left year founded ceo met formed acquired year million november renamed second largest billing services provider cable television industry serving percent cable subscribers according profit margins small company need turnaround said lost direction implemented changes company prompted employees leave firm months new grew quickly convergence phone internet demand movies services created complex billing arrangements telecommunications companies consumers led extensive use billing services providers like professional services international clients previously significant portion revenues grew percent revenues mid-1990s post order pay debt raise funding acquisitions held initial public offering february valued firm fold original acquisition price grew million annual revenues acquired million went public million 1990s scrapped efforts create internal billing software hired year agreement signed august largest industry primary contributor growth 90s deal responsible percent revenue deal acquired internally developed software million services included billing customer management payment processing customers october signed deal utilities company end founder retired jack appointed president chief operating officer place began constructing new bill processing center florida deal local government expanded roads provided incentives acquired billing software interests million deal estimated increase revenues percent percent employees laid result acquisition additional employees laid later year response poor economic conditions recent history acquired agreement alleged contract terms provide favorable rates legal dispute companies began arbitration court dispute resolved acquired wanted use billing customer service october judge ruled owed million reduce prices companies disagreed ruling allow halt agreement end term reached new agreements extensions march work expanded cover customer support billing residential services march founder retired age prior president services division took place replaced current ceo end acquisitions products software services provides software services managing customer data analyzing data enterprise security billing customer service example customer service representatives use systems consumer records add new service business analysts customer data trends according company website primary product areas revenue management content management customer interaction management enterprise security prints billing statements consumers provides center services product history originally sold versions billing process services new leadership began developing additional software providing consulting house billing departments period developed suite software products manage dispatch technicians logistics customer sites consists applications integrate billing systems developed creating online self service consumers view pay bills online 1990s introduced system extension called introduced consumer account data advise customer service representatives likelihood service buying new product later turned online system user interface similar microsoft windows purchased software software managed billing ordering provided middle help customer service billing products integrate introduced international markets support multiple languages march added suite product portfolio november unit spun separate entity acquired transaction closed february organization offer products services parent company listed stock exchange largest clients dish representing percent revenues respectively spends approximately percent revenues research development revenues percent payment processing related services percent software remainder ongoing technical support percent revenues americas | CSG International | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
27035_InternationalFinanceCorporation | international financial institution offers investment advisory asset management services encourage private sector development developing countries member headquartered washington united_states established private sector arm advance economic development investing strictly profit commercial projects reduce poverty promote development stated aim create opportunities people escape poverty achieve better living standards financial resources private enterprise promoting accessible competitive markets supporting businesses private sector entities creating jobs delivering necessary services poverty stricken vulnerable focused set development goals projects expected target goals increase sustainable agriculture opportunities improve health education increase access financing business clients advance infrastructure help small businesses grow revenues invest climate health owned governed member countries executive leadership staff conduct normal business operations corporation shareholders member governments provide paid capital right vote matters originally financially integrated established separately eventually authorized operate financially autonomous entity independent investment decisions offers array debt equity financing services helps companies face risk participating management capacity corporation offers advice companies making decisions evaluating impact environment society responsible advises governments building infrastructure partnerships support private sector development corporation assessed independent year evaluation report recognized investments performed reduced poverty recommended corporation define poverty expected outcomes explicitly better understand effectiveness approach poverty reduction strategically corporation total investments amounted billion committed million advisory services projects held billion worth liquid assets good financial standing received highest ratings independent credit rating agencies history designed delegates woods conference consisting operational joined senior executive expressed view private business play important role international development garner colleagues proposed establishing new institution purpose making private investments developing countries served bank government encouraged idea international corporation working tandem invest private enterprises accepting guarantees governments managing enterprises collaborating party investors describing president said invest private firms loans governments manage projects operational leadership garner initially staff members million million dollars capital corporation inaugural investment making million million dollars loan brazil based affiliate bought stake firm december supported greek banks million buying shares million million million million governance governed meets annually consists governor member country country finance minister treasury secretary member typically governor alternate corporate authority rests governors delegate corporate powers authority daily matters lending business operations board directors consists executive directors meet regularly work headquarters chaired president executive directors collectively represent member countries board directors votes matters brought executive director vote weighted according total share capital member countries represented director executive vice president ceo oversees overall direction daily operations october serves executive vice president ceo president appointed serve new executive vice president ceo chinese citizen served managing director years financial sector experience coordinates activities areas institutions generally operates independently separate entity legal financial autonomy established articles agreement corporation operates staff employees half stationed field offices member nations services investment services investment services consist loans equity trade finance syndicated loans structured finance client risk management services treasury services management fiscal year invested billion projects countries total investment commitment approximately billion invested projects member nations makes loans businesses private projects generally seven years determines suitable schedule grace period loan individually meet currency cash flow requirements provide longer term loans extend grace periods project deemed warrant companies financial receive loans loans traditionally hard structure loan products local portfolio included loans local local funded largely swap markets local financial markets development strategic focus areas line aaa rating strict concentration asset liability policies committed approximately billion new loans billion shareholders initially allowed loans authorized equity investments taking stake manufacturer auto parts spain spain businesses equity directly private equity funds generally percent company total equity private equity portfolio currently stands roughly billion committed funds portfolio widely distributed regions including africa eastern_europe latin_america middle_east recently invested small enterprise assistance funds growth fund fund fiji equity investments include preferred equity loans participation loans prefers invest long term usually period years exiting sale shares domestic stock exchange usually initial public offering company assume active role management company guarantees trade payment obligations approved banks countries risk international transactions provides guarantees cover payment risks emerging market banks notes bills exchange letters credit bid performance bonds supplier credit capital goods imports advance payments issued billion guarantees targeted member nations fiscal year issued billion guarantees launched separate program crisis response known provides international trade developing countries establishment assisted billion trade operates effort capital development goals program created approximately billion financial institutions development projects different emerging markets syndicated total billion loans twice billion worth banks lending borders emerging markets started syndicate parallel loans international financial institutions participants service clients ready access low cost financing relies structured financial products partial credit guarantees portfolio risk transfers islamic finance committed million form structured financing companies face difficulty obtaining financing perception high credit risk assets predictable cash flows credit cards loans corporate debt instruments revenue streams effort enhance companies credit financial derivative products available clients strictly interest rate risk exchange rate risk risk exposure serves emerging market businesses international derivatives market makers increase access risk management instruments treasury role borrowing international capital fund lending activities usually institutions issue bonds emerging markets markets local new international amounted billion billion actively engages management effort maximize returns assure funding investments readily available managing risks advisory services addition investment activities provides range advisory services support corporate business environment social impact corporate advice targets governance managerial capacity corporate responsibility encouragement reforms improve trade ease business effort advise countries suitable investment climate offers advice governments infrastructure development public private partnerships attempts guide businesses sustainable practices particularly regards having good governance supporting women business climate change established wholly owned subsidiary manage capital funds invested emerging markets manages capital mobilized parties sovereign pension funds development financing organizations despite owned investment decision autonomy charged responsibility individual funds management aims additional capital investments certain types investments managed african latin american holds billion equity valued billion african latin american referred created worth billion march invested total million businesses set invest commercial banks northern sub africa commitments totaled million march serves ceo financial performance prepares consolidated financial statements accordance united_states reported income grants members billion fiscal year billion fiscal million fiscal increase income grants ascribed higher earnings investments higher service fees reported partial offset lower liquid asset trading income higher administrative costs higher advisory service expenses million grants countries fiscal million fiscal million fiscal reported net income billion fiscal year previous years reported net loss million fiscal billion fiscal total capital amounted billion billion paid capital member countries billion retained earnings billion accumulated comprehensive income held billion total assets return average assets basis decreased return average capital basis decreased cash liquid investments accounted estimated net cash requirements fiscal years external funding level grew debt equity ratio holds reserves losses loans portfolio strategic capital decreased share total resources available grew billion billion reported total funding commitments consisting loans equity guarantees client risk management billion slightly lower billion commitments core consists participation parallel loans structured finance funds initiatives grew billion billion total investment program reported value billion fiscal year advisory services portfolio included projects valued million compared projects million held billion liquid assets billion received credit ratings aaa december aaa november rated having strong financial standing adequate capital cautious management policies high level geographic anticipated treatment preferred given membership noted faces weakness relative institutions having higher risks mandated emphasis private sector investing income heavily affected equity markets | International Finance Corporation | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
27209_Viralheat | subscription based software service social media management helps clients monitor analyze consumer created content released beta raised seed capital december million venture capital features social media management tool features account management monitoring publishing tracks number mentions individual company receives digital properties factors influence sentiment language influence twitter handle measured based followers mentions sentiment assessed positive negative neutral tool labels social media participants leads likely consider purchasing corresponding product software monitoring filtered location data exported files publicly available service charges users based accounts mentions profiles use free version manage seven social media accounts developer accounts free august company claimed users paid version service publishes free application programming extensions extension adds bar displays sentiment analysis mentions displayed page box added showing assessed sentiment changed manually extension called flint adds share button share content viewed sites like twitter facebook history founded software released beta october location based filters added additional updates user interface reporting december developer raised seed capital march added features track facebook shares likes comments company raised million series funding june human intent application released beta july extension sentiment released september march version introduced version added ability publish content social media websites interface august year monitoring added followed flint extension november february released redesigned called user interface improvements multiple account features flint released march support december released enterprise multi user features month appointed new ceo result new focus enterprise market reported features free services lower price paid options contributor review said strengths sentiment analysis simplicity price customer service tools little rough edges march tested social media management tools reviewer found lowest cost supported social media sites competitors lacked features support multi user accounts needed large enterprise customers reviewer praised user interface easy cross posting different social networks said reporting limited example date ranges selected generating report reported uses software found mentioning obama week april assessed percent comments positive following return professional golf sex scandal late sampling collected software july found percent president barack_obama positive percent speaker near thanksgiving analyzed found turkey mentioned times debut start ups software determined character mentioned twitter times sarah received mentions march report published found major positive sentiment social media found frequently mentioned airport march madness year ran analysis software found talked team | Viralheat | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
27289_HersheyCreameryCompany | company known ice cream produces brand ice cream frozen frozen treats frozen slab style ice cream founded brothers relation chocolate company founded taken holder family 1920s company offer consumers pre packaged ice cream modernized operations increase efficiency reduce overhead shared names cities origin company tumultuous relationship marked multiple lawsuits trademark issues mid-1990s companies settled recent legal battles court agreeing add ice cream products note affiliated family owned business approximately employees operates distribution centers states publicly traded company stocks listed pink sheets company offers limited number shares potential shareholders company posted profit million sales reaching million history brothers jacob john paris founded company originally operating family farmhouse ice cream packed metal lined wooden containers brothers designed built containers loaded trucks ice packed ice cream fresh cold traveled daily routes deliver product customers county surrounding areas 1920s company merged holder family based retaining demand ice cream exceeding capacity farmhouse newly merged company constructed ice cream plant pennsylvania great depression company ice cream maker offer products pre packaged began creating new ice cream sold ice cream makers following world war company continued answer greater convenience consumer foods expanded offerings include single serve easy eat items ice cream 1960s holder family assumed ownership company company grew split production operations location mixing ice cream new facility lower township actual packaging product local orders continued delivered small trucks company shifted transporting ice cream tractor trailer trucks enabling stretch market state pennsylvania expanded distribution facilities eventually occupying owned distribution centers enabled company ship products quickly orders received resulted travel time products ensuring quality maintained summer months company greatly increased workforce leased additional cold storage space help meet seasonal orders orders prepared hand operations modernized automated company purchased acres km2 nearby constructed modern million cubic foot warehouse enabling boost efficiency reducing need increase summer workforce reducing frequent product loss caused hand orders inefficient packing systems modernization warehouse improved inventory management order accuracy helped company continue growth trademark disputes involved multiple legal disputes similarly named founded time lancaster relation founding brothers troubles came began producing chocolate candy learned assigned find instances confusion infringement unfair competition found addition making similar products packaging resembled called chocolate investigating complaints retailers boston new_york norfolk richmond reportedly found retailers confusing products deliberately replacing higher priced products products found display kisses bite sized chocolate drops similar chocolate company creations cease letters failed resolve problem filed suit pennsylvania trademark infringement district judged partially sided chocolate prohibited connection manufacture advertisement distribution sale things chocolate chocolate chocolate products registered granted trademark use ice cream butter products seven years later company filed suit united_states new_york learning companies planning partner line branded ice cream bars alleged trademark infringement unfair competition false designation origin false descriptions false representations chocolate responded questioning validity trademark claiming obtained companies settled court following year agreeing drop butter trademark fix filing error allowing release licensed bars certain guidelines agreed challenge trademark use ice cream shortly expanded trademark include ice cream products ice cream ice milk water ice frozen ice cream ice milk water ice component expanded products include frozen filed new trademark new line products learning registration request named demanded company cease production products claiming violated dropped application continued releasing products filed suit court pennsylvania seeking legal injunction stop producing marketing branded frozen attempt stop company trademark outside traditional thirteen state trading area demand company include relation products counter sued new york south district court concerned demands settlement requested pennsylvania court actions transferred new_york court settlement originally handled request denied court instead blocked suit new_york appealed denied years court companies settled agreeing products corporate website promotional materials press releases website simply notes affiliated chocolate legal issues november company company nation prosecuted fined failing implement risk management program required clean air act charges brought stated company failed develop required plans regard storage use regulated substance charges noted twice certified developed plan later inspection showed certifications false december issued civil compliance order company ordering company come compliance complied april submitted appropriate confirmed place subsequent inspection case heard federal middle district court pennsylvania pleading guilty charges subsequently fined given year probation business model family operated business new generation raised assume roles company hierarchy graduation high school president younger brothers walter tom vice president manufacturing vice president sales marketing respectively company approximately employees company operates distribution centers serve clients states eastern united_states florida illinois carolinas newest market areas expansion management focused company main distribution center expansion outside existing shifted focus moving operations area flood prone lower area opened distribution center plans shift headquarters production facilities years unlike ice cream makers maintains ownership delivery trucks distribution centers warehouses practice holder family feels important maintaining traditions private conservative company sales primarily derived branded ice cream quick serve restaurants distribution pre packaged items convenience stores food service operators schools hospitals prisons military installations sports amusement parks assisted living centers pre packaged items sold regional accounts minority company sales publicly traded company shares available listed pink sheets pink sold counter market company fewer shareholders primarily holder family stocks considered traded shares rarely traded shares sold time company maintained price earnings ratio long term debt shareholders receive quarterly special company shares traded share value stock continued grow steadily shares trading share hitting high share required provide sec company distribute similar style reports shareholders annually 1930s annual earnings reported christian science monitor company reported net income nearly earnings company grew earnings company reported sales million giving net profit million sales began declining ranked magazine list dairy companies ranks dairy companies based annual sales rank higher rank products offers regular hand premium ice cream varieties marked super premium gold rim products available sugar added varieties use alternate product additionally offers frozen pre packaged half gallons company offers consumers ice cream including fat varieties basic offers traditional square packaging newer round packaging including limited edition sugar added varieties offers basic pre ice cream addition traditional ice cream treats offers variety novelty ice cream treats including ice cream cups ice cream sticks squeeze ups pre brand frozen slab ice cream creation station brand january company companies offer frozen energy drink created popular energy drink product received good reviews citrus flavor convenient squeeze container consumer product financial failure dropped | Hershey Creamery Company | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
27696_WizardsoftheCoast | coast coast referred simply american publisher games primarily based fantasy science fiction themes operator retail stores games originally basement run role playing game publisher company popularized card game genre magic gathering mid-1990s acquired popular role playing game purchasing failing company experienced tremendous success publishing licensed company corporate headquarters located washington united_states_of_america today coast publishes role playing games board games card games received numerous awards including origins awards company subsidiary coast stores closed history coast founded outside seattle washington current headquarters located nearby originally company published role playing games edition order release supplement designed use game system brought legal trouble references game system suit settled approached idea new board game called turned game expensive produce instead asked game portable quick playing agreed set new corporation develop card game concept originally called magic gathering kept game sheltered legal battle licensed production sale rights court case settled point shell company shut debuted magic july origins game fair dallas game proved extremely popular con august selling supply million cards scheduled end year success magic generated revenue carried company handful employees working peter original basement headquarters employees offices magic won mind games award best fantasy game board game began association brand licensing agency license magic brand success magic published soon won origins awards best fantasy best graphic presentation board game expanded role playing game line buying nightfall games published card game won best new mind game award august months later closed game product line explained company games lack support lost money game products annual sales passed million announced purchase cash makers april acquired million creative professional staff relocated wisconsin area brand retired allowing company spun loved poorly selling campaign settings including fan groups focusing business primarily profitable lines summer revisited concept 3rd edition having discussed soon purchase looking decision stated obviously strong economic incentive publishing new edition sales product line tend spike new edition comes assuming new edition improvement given change ownership thought excellent opportunity stamp later set overall design direction new edition released edition system releases came open game license allowed companies use systems new edition game won origins award best game sponsored design contest allowed designers submit campaign worlds produce entirely original campaign world selected submitted hardcover book released june released version system helped celebrate 30th anniversary game con august granted patent card games january began publishing highly successful game proved popular selling nearly copies weeks selling times better initial projections high demand cards sports card series discontinued producing cards game won seal approval year sold millions copies game company released new set included rom continued publish game nintendo begun producing new edition game agreements expired september filed suit nintendo following day october companies resolved differences december going court acquisition seeing continued success magic gathering game toy giant bought september million expressed interest purchasing early impressed success game division late company purchased summer president coast november january resigned president ceo june succeeded positions april succeeded president ceo march announced replacement company employs people november announced leave milwaukee convention sold origins sold magazines licensing dungeon dragon amazing stories released pre painted plastic games added licensed star wars line hill brand game coast book publishing division produced hundreds titles sold millions copies languages company great success acquired expanded game keeper chain retail gaming stores eventually changing coast including company flagship gaming center seattle years retail stores shopping gaming center closed march eventually announced december close stores order concentrate game design stores closed spring 2000s early coast filed lawsuit administrator website known charges stemmed publicly posting confidential prototypes upcoming magic gathering card sets forums months cards released explained outcome coast settled lawsuit court parties satisfaction license produce dragon dungeon magazines publishing spun coast periodicals department expired september moved magazines online model june released 4th retail availability new set core began introducing 4th edition online content dragon dungeon magazines 4th edition designed offer streamlined game play new rules framework intended reduce preparation time needed run game game accessible new players april suspended sales products games format places lawsuit brought people attempt prevent future copyright infringement books includes recent 4th edition products available places older editions game 5th edition released second half games products addition magic gathering produced numerous games including board card miniature role playing games publish novels based games magic gathering legend rings | Wizards of the Coast | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
27849_InternationalFinanceCorporation | international financial institution offers investment advisory asset management services encourage private sector development developing countries member headquartered washington united_states established private sector arm advance economic development investing strictly profit commercial projects reduce poverty promote development stated aim create opportunities people escape poverty achieve better living standards financial resources private enterprise promoting accessible competitive markets supporting businesses private sector entities creating jobs delivering necessary services poverty stricken vulnerable focused set development goals projects expected target goals increase sustainable agriculture opportunities improve health education increase access financing business clients advance infrastructure help small businesses grow revenues invest climate health owned governed member countries executive leadership staff conduct normal business operations corporation shareholders member governments provide paid capital right vote matters originally financially integrated established separately eventually authorized operate financially autonomous entity independent investment decisions offers array debt equity financing services helps companies face risk participating management capacity corporation offers advice companies making decisions evaluating impact environment society responsible advises governments building infrastructure partnerships support private sector development corporation assessed independent year evaluation report recognized investments performed reduced poverty recommended corporation define poverty expected outcomes explicitly better understand effectiveness approach poverty reduction strategically corporation total investments amounted billion committed million advisory services projects held billion worth liquid assets good financial standing received highest ratings independent credit rating agencies history designed delegates woods conference consisting operational joined senior executive expressed view private business play important role international development garner colleagues proposed establishing new institution purpose making private investments developing countries served bank government encouraged idea international corporation working tandem invest private enterprises accepting guarantees governments managing enterprises collaborating party investors describing president said invest private firms loans governments manage projects operational leadership garner initially staff members million million dollars capital corporation inaugural investment making million million dollars loan brazil based affiliate bought stake firm december supported greek banks million buying shares million million million million governance governed meets annually consists governor member country country finance minister treasury secretary member typically governor alternate corporate authority rests governors delegate corporate powers authority daily matters lending business operations board directors consists executive directors meet regularly work headquarters chaired president executive directors collectively represent member countries board directors votes matters brought executive director vote weighted according total share capital member countries represented director executive vice president ceo oversees overall direction daily operations october serves executive vice president ceo president appointed serve new executive vice president ceo chinese citizen served managing director years financial sector experience coordinates activities areas institutions generally operates independently separate entity legal financial autonomy established articles agreement corporation operates staff employees half stationed field offices member nations services investment services investment services consist loans equity trade finance syndicated loans structured finance client risk management services treasury services management fiscal year invested billion projects countries total investment commitment approximately billion invested projects member nations makes loans businesses private projects generally seven years determines suitable schedule grace period loan individually meet currency cash flow requirements provide longer term loans extend grace periods project deemed warrant companies financial receive loans loans traditionally hard structure loan products local portfolio included loans local local funded largely swap markets local financial markets development strategic focus areas line aaa rating strict concentration asset liability policies committed approximately billion new loans billion shareholders initially allowed loans authorized equity investments taking stake manufacturer auto parts spain spain businesses equity directly private equity funds generally percent company total equity private equity portfolio currently stands roughly billion committed funds portfolio widely distributed regions including africa eastern_europe latin_america middle_east recently invested small enterprise assistance funds growth fund fund fiji equity investments include preferred equity loans participation loans prefers invest long term usually period years exiting sale shares domestic stock exchange usually initial public offering company assume active role management company guarantees trade payment obligations approved banks countries risk international transactions provides guarantees cover payment risks emerging market banks notes bills exchange letters credit bid performance bonds supplier credit capital goods imports advance payments issued billion guarantees targeted member nations fiscal year issued billion guarantees launched separate program crisis response known provides international trade developing countries establishment assisted billion trade operates effort capital development goals program created approximately billion financial institutions development projects different emerging markets syndicated total billion loans twice billion worth banks lending borders emerging markets started syndicate parallel loans international financial institutions participants service clients ready access low cost financing relies structured financial products partial credit guarantees portfolio risk transfers islamic finance committed million form structured financing companies face difficulty obtaining financing perception high credit risk assets predictable cash flows credit cards loans corporate debt instruments revenue streams effort enhance companies credit financial derivative products available clients strictly interest rate risk exchange rate risk risk exposure serves emerging market businesses international derivatives market makers increase access risk management instruments treasury role borrowing international capital fund lending activities usually institutions issue bonds emerging markets markets local new international amounted billion billion actively engages management effort maximize returns assure funding investments readily available managing risks advisory services addition investment activities provides range advisory services support corporate business environment social impact corporate advice targets governance managerial capacity corporate responsibility encouragement reforms improve trade ease business effort advise countries suitable investment climate offers advice governments infrastructure development public private partnerships attempts guide businesses sustainable practices particularly regards having good governance supporting women business climate change established wholly owned subsidiary manage capital funds invested emerging markets manages capital mobilized parties sovereign pension funds development financing organizations despite owned investment decision autonomy charged responsibility individual funds management aims additional capital investments certain types investments managed african latin american holds billion equity valued billion african latin american referred created worth billion march invested total million businesses set invest commercial banks northern sub africa commitments totaled million march serves ceo financial performance prepares consolidated financial statements accordance united_states reported income grants members billion fiscal year billion fiscal million fiscal increase income grants ascribed higher earnings investments higher service fees reported partial offset lower liquid asset trading income higher administrative costs higher advisory service expenses million grants countries fiscal million fiscal million fiscal reported net income billion fiscal year previous years reported net loss million fiscal billion fiscal total capital amounted billion billion paid capital member countries billion retained earnings billion accumulated comprehensive income held billion total assets return average assets basis decreased return average capital basis decreased cash liquid investments accounted estimated net cash requirements fiscal years external funding level grew debt equity ratio holds reserves losses loans portfolio strategic capital decreased share total resources available grew billion billion reported total funding commitments consisting loans equity guarantees client risk management billion slightly lower billion commitments core consists participation parallel loans structured finance funds initiatives grew billion billion total investment program reported value billion fiscal year advisory services portfolio included projects valued million compared projects million held billion liquid assets billion received credit ratings aaa december aaa november rated having strong financial standing adequate capital cautious management policies high level geographic anticipated treatment preferred given membership noted faces weakness relative institutions having higher risks mandated emphasis private sector investing income heavily affected equity markets | International Finance Corporation | Social sciences and society | Economics and business | Businesses and organizations |
102_TheImportanceofBeingEarnest | importance earnest importance earnest trivial comedy people play performed february james theatre london comedy protagonists maintain fictitious escape social obligations working social conventions late victorian london play major themes treats institutions marriage resulting satire victorian ways contemporary reviews praised play humour cautious explicit lack social messages modern consensus culmination artistic career far high witty dialogue helped importance earnest popular play successful opening night marked climax career heralded downfall son lord lover planned present writer rotten vegetables disrupt tipped refused admission soon feud came climax court homosexual double life revealed victorian public eventually sentenced imprisonment notoriety caused play despite early success closed performances release published play exile paris wrote comic dramatic work revived times premiere adapted cinema occasions importance earnest reprised celebrated interpretation importance earnest black cast incorporated original material cut preparation original stage production composition success plays fan woman importance producers urged write plays july idea importance earnest george alexander actor manager spent summer family wrote play quickly august fame peak working title avoid pre speculation content names ideas play borrowed people places author known lord mother example lived widespread agreement scholars important influence play engaged borrowed gilbert incidents phrase gravity tone demanded gilbert actors continually revised text months line left untouched play economical language effects revisions consequences describes revisions refined art work earliest longest drafts play labour incidents broad nonsense dialogue conventional comic turns transformed standard nonsense earnest dialogue argues reached artistic maturity wrote work surely rapidly submitting script alexander worrying unsuitable typical repertoire relatively explaining written response request play real interest failed alexander turned agreed play alexander began usual meticulous preparations author line planning stage movements toy theatre course rehearsals alexander asked play acts agreed combined elements second acts largest cut removal character solicitor comes london arrest jack unpaid dining bills posing led away accounts immediately jack finally agrees pay thinking bill fact act version played radio bbc production performed argues act structure effective shorter original text theatrically expanded published edition productions premiere play produced james theatre valentine day freezing cold arrived dressed wearing green audience according report included members great good cabinet ministers actors writers academics enthusiasts played recalled pearson years acting remember greater triumph night stylish alexander played cast miss father lover lord holiday time planned disrupt play throwing rotten vegetables playwright took bow end alexander learned plan cancelled ticket arranged policemen bar entrance continued eventually launched private prosecution peer criminal libel triggering series trials ending imprisonment gross alexander tried unsuccessfully save production removing billing play close performances play original broadway production opened empire theatre april closed sixteen performances cast included jack australian premiere melbourne august presented play immediate success downfall england affect popularity plays australia critical reception contrast theatre time importance earnest light plot tackle social political issues contemporary reviewers wary unsure seriousness recognised play humour popularity audiences example reviewed play saturday review arguing comedy touch theatre moved laughter later letter said play extremely funny world wrote enjoyed watching play found meaning poor critic play raises principle art morals creates conventions absolutely expression witty personality speaker admired play culmination dramatic career denied term lacking seriousness said nonsense compact better nonsense think stage seen unsigned review mall gazette called earnest comedies year saying humorous dealing theatrical conventions difficult imagine questioned people fully message people trivial comedy intended learning remains seen doubt seriously play light hearted reviewers compared comic opera drama later called pure verbal opera times commented story music sights despite thinking play extremely funny ferocious hero character importance earnest popular work continually revived called play finest undeniably saying comedies fan woman importance ideal husband plot following manner unrelated theme work earnest story dissolved form play death remained discussed let performed work britain alexander revived importance small theatre outside west end year presented piece tour playing cast including young play returned west end alexander presented revival james broadway mounted production running weeks collected edition works published edited helped restore reputation author alexander presented revival importance james reprised original roles revival ran performances said play sure classic english humour fresh written adding actors worn play revival theatre young actors succeeded creators jack jack headed cast production decades 20th century treated present current year 1920s case 1890s costumes established critic thirty years begins feel costume period wit today needs backing atmosphere gave life truth complex verbal ill short skirt sir production lyric played jack lady aunt produced starred production globe theatre cast included miss times considered production best original praised fidelity conception responsive ball playing quality later year presented work gwen davies evans previous roles production presented seasons second world war main players season king queen attended performance journalist gave play final production toured north_america successfully staged broadway work came read performed importance earnest received productions time centenary journalist described second known quoted play english hamlet sir production cast included jack miss production starring occasional references supposed gay dublin produced play male cast featured character play opens drinking café dreaming play staged production december produced broadway revival based shakespeare festival production featuring director opened january ran july cast included miss paul brien lane jack nominated tony awards play presented internationally singapore october company brought london april synopsis play set present act flat play opens idle young gentleman receiving best friend knows come country propose cousin refuses consent explains cigarette case bears inscription little love dear forced admit living double life country assumes attitude benefit young ward goes john nickname jack pretending worry younger brother named london city assumes identity confesses similar deception pretends invalid friend named country visit wishes avoid social obligation jack refuses tell location country estate formidable mother room jack proposes accepts love largely professed jack accordingly resolves discovering intimate exchange interviews jack prospective horrified learn adopted discovered baby victoria station refuses contact daughter manages promise love jack gives address country notes sleeve jack revelation pretty wealthy young ward motivated friend meet act garden manor house studying miss arrives pretending soon long fascinated hitherto absent black sheep brother fall role like apparently particularly fond plans rector jack decided abandon double life arrives mourning announces brother death paris severe story undermined presence guise enters having run away home temporary absence men meets woman declaring engaged jack exposed act iii morning room pursuit daughter told engaged revelation trust fund soon initial doubts young lady engagement forbidden guardian jack consent agrees union declines broken return miss recognises person years earlier family taken baby boy walk baby carriage returned challenged miss explains manuscript novel writing baby left victoria station jack produces showing lost baby elder son late sister elder brother having acquired respectable relations acceptable insists love man named fiancé real informs jack born named father general jack examines army lists discovers father real fact reality happy couples embrace jack miss complains newfound relative nephew displaying signs contrary replies realised time life vital importance earnest themes described importance trivial society plays produces peculiar spirit recognise beautiful wrote precisely consistently trivial ugly says touched themes building 1880s aesthetic poses established takes starting point protagonists ideal husband picture gray wrongdoing vice earnest represented told play theme treat trivial things life seriously things life sincere studied theme hinted play ironic title repeatedly alluded dialogue says act amusement life goes jack blackmail corruption haunted double lives sir ideal husband earnest protagonists double life jack undertaken innocent purposes largely avoid social obligations theatre time tackled social political issues earnest refuses play game period instance characters draw audiences ideals satire society play repeatedly victorian traditions social customs marriage pursuit love particular victorian times considered riding societal value originating religious attempts reform lower classes spread upper ones century play title mocking people trivial comedies introduces theme continues drawing room discussion yes hate people meals shallow says act allusions quick multiple angles managed engage mock genre providing social commentary offering reform men follow traditional rites admit weaknesses prospective excuse ridiculous built absurd confusion book baby jack marriage proposal wicked jack terrible thing man find suddenly life speaking truth forgive feel sure change turn ideal marrying man named popular respected time unlike mother analysis husband places entire faith christian declaring act safe opinion shared act pity poor married woman husband called declare find men real names embodied society rules rituals minute attention details style created comic effect assertion restraint contrast knowledge social london street names jack obscure subtly evoked defends brighton line time victoria station consisted separate adjacent terminal stations sharing east west market went fashionable expensive town gentleman found baby jack travelling time jack named suggested homosexual argued play themes bound homosexuality play exhibits presence absence homosexual desire reading play release prison said extraordinary reading play toy tiger life scholar absolute necessity period need public mask factor contributing satire social disguise use earnest homosexual joke years wrote play published book poetry love earnest boys names included verse frank ring like silver bell cecil softer music claim work miracle sets heart flame word earnest code word homosexual earnest way musical employed sir actor met play original cast lord wrote times dispute suggestions earnest held sexual ample opportunity time hint earnest synonym homosexual implied homosexual sex time heard mentioned 1980s immediately consulted sir performance play legendary knowledge theatrical lore replied ringing tones nonsense absolute nonsense known number theories forward explain play imply secretive double life derived acquaintance youth suggestion forward knew combination word taken train met arranged second secret meeting dramatic analysis use language long famous dialogue use language argues achieved unity mastery earnest plays earlier comedies suffer resulting thematic clash trivial earnest pitch perfect style allows dissolve different registers play jack established early exchange underlying unity despite differing attitudes formidable startling use opinions contrast speech miss distinguished diversion furthermore play described unrelated action character found half dozen highest order line called english drama lending interpretations ranging stage film delivered line loudly mixture horror dublin line critic words barely rapidly sharp intake breath understated sure known play packed life little things difference characterisation deployed characters familiar lord woman past young lady treatment earlier comedies instance embodies respectable upper class society notes development familiar disturbing character traced revisions play young men presents stereotypical stage intelligent beings jackson puts speak like creator formed complete sentences rarely use slang vogue words miss characterised light touches detail old fashioned canon text structure genre argues freed abandoning melodrama basic structure earlier social comedies basing story entirely earnest verbal freed living drama conversation fuller extent little business hand genre deeply debated scholars critics alike placed play wide variety genres ranging parody satire critique foster argues play creates world real values inverted reason similarly use dialogue upper classes lending play satirical tone use humour mock upper classes merits play satire drama publication edition final comedies ideal husband importance earnest stage london time prosecution soon closed details case public years prison hard labour went exile paris sick depressed reputation destroyed england agreed publish final plays proved sending detailed instructions stage directions character listings presentation book insisting performance reproduced inside argues man command play appear cover author fan return work brief refused write write lost joy writing october edition number discovered inside shop staff unable trace donor sold translation importance earnest popularity meant translated languages pun title masculine proper earnest virtue seriousness poses special problem easiest case suitable translation pun sense meaning translation german english german closely related languages german provides equivalent matching masculine proper meaning tenor exactly different possible titles german concerning sentence structure common ones study italian translations found thirteen different versions titles unique language question faced choice staying faithful original case english virtue earnest creating similar pun language main strategies leaves characters names unchanged original spelling respected readers reminded original cultural setting pun lost varied source oriented approach english christian names earnest preserving pun english character play possibly italian reader group replaced represents virtue target language favouring transparency readers translation fidelity original instance italian versions variously play franco given names respectively values honesty loyalty french offers closer pun constant quality play commonly known importance constant translated play title est important means beloved differ attitude original english titles change leave mix partially compensation added loss lastly translation gave touch rendering work mixed proper languages adaptations film apart multiple television versions importance earnest adapted english language cinema times adapted screenplay directed jack miss cast directed version black cast jack miss doctor set united_states english director previously adapted ideal husband film stars jack connor miss parker adaptation includes solicitor pursues jack present original draft cut behest play producer pursued group creditors opening scene operas musicals love staged broadway japanese female musical theatre troupe staged musical productions composed opera play text composed musical based play premiered theater berlin according study adaptations play musical conspicuous success earliest version american entitled earnest journalist comments musical adaptation half earnest deposited scarcely encouraging curtain rises away piano singing play lane songs include created opera importance earnest commissioned london premiered los_angeles stage premiere given national nancy france radio television radio versions play bbc broadcast adaptation pearson broadcasts play followed broadcast act version play jack miss production later released commemorate centenary performance play broadcast new adaptation february directed featured lane miss production later issued audio cassette december broadcast new adaptation directed starring miss emma fielding music composed production released audio cassette commercial television adaptation starred bbc television play included play month version starring directed adaptation cast including adapted australian commercial recordings performance preserved emi audio recording dating captures cast includes miss audio recordings include theatre version directed narrated cast including version featuring issued featuring | The Importance of Being Earnest | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
801_WuZuguang | chinese wade april april chinese playwright film director social critic called legendary figure chinese art literary circles authored plays film scripts including patriotic drama city phoenix influential plays second sino japanese war return snowy night generally considered masterpiece directed soul nation hong_kong colour film based historical drama song known outspoken critic china cultural policies communist governments repeatedly persecuted result fled hong_kong avoid captured agents returned beijing foundation denounced performed hard labour great northern wilderness years persecuted cultural revolution wife celebrated actress refused divorce disabled undergoing labour despite continued criticize government censorship political freedom widely admired moral conviction early life born april prominent scholar official family beijing ancestral roots grandfather dynasty reformer participated revolution father founder curator mother gave birth children sons seven daughters survived adulthood gave birth child mansion uncle minister government entered sino french university beijing year relative running drama school persuaded teach school met people prominent including wartime career outset second sino japanese war wrote patriotic war play city phoenix known china age performed dramas year war later wrote critically acclaimed plays including return snowy night generally considered masterpiece works strongly influenced fourth new culture movement eastern china fell japanese moved wartime capital worked editor newspaper published famous poem snow infuriated government escaped british hong_kong avoid captured agents living writing making films directed soul nation hong_kong colour film based historical drama song song dynasty patriot return snowy night film married actress shanghai won civil war established returned beijing like intellectuals time held high hopes new finally restored peace united china decades war division wanted return writing plays assigned government direct song film women textile workers experience factory life took year finish film considered worthless failure divorced differences personality interests friend introduced famous opera performer acted plays admired talent married year despite fact differing backgrounds formal education nearly prominent family scholars helped study reading writing period opera film goddess river stage art documentary wrote operas persecution denounced sent great northern wilderness reformed labour crime criticize communist_party control theatre argue experts greater role matters called enemy party renowned colleague later referenced work seen implicit apology persecuted death pressured divorce refused citing legendary love story operas said waited years wait years result labeled went struggle sessions returned beijing years hard labour years later china fell greater turmoil cultural revolution began denounced beginning period disabled left knee severe beating friend drowned similarly tortured tumultuous decade served years forced labour december paralyzed suffering stroke took care rest life end cultural revolution politically inducted communist_party event described occasion laughter tears publication ban lifted decades play players based experiences performed year traveled attend general loyal government continued outspoken critic dismissed anti spiritual pollution campaign futile september read essay meeting entitled plea end censorship enthusiastically received audience censored version published minus characters deemed december student demonstrations pressured leave communist_party retired member came home person demand resignation party obliged think sort person party spring signed petition calling greater political freedom following army crackdown square protests called incident forbidden speak meeting died april trip ancestral hometown devastated loss health quickly deteriorated suffered strokes years died april children children son writer painter deaths organized exhibition years family beijing held france hong_kong taiwan | Wu Zuguang | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
1435_TheIndianPrincess(play) | indian princess play indian princess musical play music based story originally recorded virginia piece structured style ballad opera songs choruses music underlying dialogue like melodrama persuades father free smith attracted breaking arranged marriage neighboring tribal prince action leads war tribe wins war father loses trust white settlers warns settlers reconcile comic end happily smith great future new country play deals relations native americans european settlers america scholars debated piece progressive depiction natives commented work reflects emerging american dramatic musical sensibility served story important american myth comedy performed philadelphia cited play american indians american playwright known produced professional stage possibly play produced america performed england validity statements questioned portrayal native americans criticized racially piece credited inspiring new genre plays specifically native americans general prevalent 19th early 20th century play subsequently produced country background motivated create truly american style drama counteract saw mental american tendency feel culturally inferior europe reason looked native subject matter play opposed american like neglected american subject matter locations preface cites primary source inspiration virginia likely influenced series popular books including travels years half united_states_of_america captain smith princess featured characterization known background piece comes letter wrote dated june indicates working indian princess number years produced fact wrote entitled america survived intended serve conclusion play characters called america science liberty sing engage political debate originally intended piece play music actor translator composer employed philadelphia convinced add musical score character list published divides character list europeans settlers natives listing men rank followed women plot synopsis act walter larry robin alice barge chorus soldiers sing joy reaching shore larry walter alice wife robin love robin admits larry feelings alice preparing gown royal village expresses displeasure arrangement father marry miami rival indian prince smith attacked party indians including brother fighting prowess thinks god smith explains trained warrior sea indians capture smith bring chief robin attempts seduce alice walter larry walter tells group smith capture depart leave tries convince lover apparently act king presented captured smith decides urging tribe priest execute having moved smith nobility says allow smith killed dies persuades free smith soon encounter smith indian allies way settlement immediately struck manner suggests attraction mutual speak love soon depart smith confesses love receives news anger jealousy rage convinces father dissolve arranged engagement miami mean war tribes act iii built walter tells wife alice victory miami discuss banquet hosted attend witness miami plotting kill european settlers believing kill white men casting doubt intentions creating fear act future religious imagery runs warn settlers danger comic bit wife kate arrived disguised male page revealing says come lover disguised page come convince wrong infidelity arrives convinces settlers palace rescue colleagues plot arrive time prevent disaster taken away miami stabs shame happy ending walter alice larry kate robin smith gives play final speech predicting great future new country form land score surviving published version musical score appears format simplified keyboard staff system bass includes occasional instruments original orchestral score survived musical elements original production inner parts accompaniment longer known based records payments musicians time premiere likely production employed approximately pieces consisted pairs horns strings typically entire orchestra selected large chorus numbers solo numbers accompanied strings pairs sense military numbers like captain smith performances play premiered philadelphia april letter writes performance benefit played role walter sources suggest benefit case clear performance interrupted cut performance short tenor played role larry object public time manner dress audience members outrage participation causing order curtain dropped play subsequently performed philadelphia february advertised january date new_york premiere took place park theatre june january benefit english actress performed new_york benefit june performance actor named cone advertised august alexandria theatre virginia gala premiere unspecified date baltimore wrote letter play subsequently frequently performed theatres country standard practice productions native american roles played white actors wearing dark makeup indian princess cited documented case play originally performed america subsequently staged england records indicate play called indian princess credited adapted played theatre royal lane london december subsequently december december piece differed drastically original featured completely different cast characters wrote production permission knowledge based critical response read london performance little play evidence suggests script england completely different play likely originated american assertion based primarily factors portrayal natives reduces play american heroes vague listing setting north_america specifically virginia lack implications america great destiny evident version distinction london american versions supported review london production reviewer cites lack comic characters version included presence character named found play style structure structurally play resembles typical plot play seen blending comedy racial cultural stereotypes love story historical drama heavily comedy seen gender employed characters kate use verse writing higher class characters prose lesser status tradition note switches prose verse falling love indian princess american plays melodrama literally french play music like french german typical period score contained open ended background mood music repeated necessary drama argued bears resemblance typical french melodrama period said piece melodrama accurate considering play portrayal genre typical persecuted heroine villainous antagonists miami hero smith comic relief robin play seen predecessor exaggerated later american drama early example background music modern american drama films analysis criticism indian princess example attempt artist early 19th century define american national identity representing spirit america literally shields smith injury serves foster mother protecting colonists famine attack achieving status heroic mother preserving america country play allows aspects nation history conquest violence greed negative implications romantic plot words romantic conquest helps brutality colonial conquest success play reflects larger cultural desire express sense self myth commercial interests motivated drive artistic financial success vein play attempt public create truly american setting theme portrayals indians play perspective racial sensitivity met mixed reviews modern critics write positively portrayals saying miami natives noble primitive american value system traditionally portrayed british media period characters portrayed weak beings exceptions portrayed positively accept english values middle ground noting range representations case play seen justification white natives especially examining choice societies critics pointed inherent flaws script including early placement play climax smith block beginning act loose construction song lyrics characters main character somewhat overly poetic contrast argued love scene poetry piece emerges critique musical work victor fell tried recreate felt score melodic recording liner notes points music critically compare great musical masters time success derived charm lacks contains turned melodic rhythmic phrases add american style indian princess certainly began long american tradition child smith original accounts deserves recognition genre criticized diminishing potential subject matter historical significance indian princess cited american play featuring native american characters staged play offerings europeans featuring native americans including british playwright german writer mit play songs acts american play written published piece apparently produced recently uncovered evidence shows record anonymous melodrama entitled captain smith princess produced calling question play kind information known earlier piece play cited earliest surviving account smith idea availability aforementioned rose work case indian princess credited primarily responsible story nation celebrated myths thought mark beginning popular american genre indian drama piece note time entire musical score published available today opposed individual popular songs play directly indirectly inspired stage adaptations story including forest princess gentle savage royalty beautiful legend indian elders founders additionally approximately plays indian themes recorded likely directly influenced indian princess smith rescued possibly directly inspired indian princess disney animated recent films tradition play | The Indian Princess (play) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
2142_AmericanIdiot(musical) | musical american idiot sung stage adaptation punk rock band green day rock opera run moved broadway previews began march play officially opened april closed april performances green day appear production vocalist guitarist performed role occasionally run story expanded concept album centers young men johnny johnny flee suburban lifestyle parental restrictions stays home work relationship pregnant girlfriend heather pair look meaning life try freedom excitement city quickly gives life city joins military shipped war johnny turns drugs finds grows dislike relationship experiences lost love book written armstrong director music composed lyrics armstrong score included songs original american idiot album additional green day songs sources album 21st unreleased songs originally recorded american idiot musical musical won tony awards best scenic design musical musical received nomination broadway cast recording won grammy award best musical album plot set recent past musical opens group suburban youths living usa saturated fed state union company explodes frustration american idiot youths johnny jesus goes friend friend joins party run beer prompting pick local soon lives city damned johnny challenges friends engage don care girlfriend heather soon makes appearance pregnant doesn know beloved johnny money buys bus tickets city young men eager escape boys able leave heather tells pregnancy choice stays home tales broken home johnny depart city group youths holiday johnny city woman sees apartment window boulevard broken dreams finds hard adjust urban life television army favorite son realizes generation bright lights city waiting army frustrated johnny rebellious drug dealing alter ego called heroin time jimmy newfound courage thanks drugs allow johnny successful girl window sits couch girlfriend pregnancy progresses drinks beer begs release deployed war zone soon shot wounded johnny spends night girl saw window calls johnny wants celebrate plans american girls rebel johnny club drugs passionate sex time heather baby girl born increasingly oblivious heather commits baby future night earth heather pot alcohol fueled despite takes baby walks soon time lying bed army hospital falls victim seen wartime nurse engage aerial dance extraordinary girl quickly falls love disappears left fellow soldiers reprise city johnny reveals depth love sleeps time drugs great jimmy forces johnny increasingly erratic eventually threatens knife know enemy attempts talk johnny behavior extraordinary girl dresses wounds sits couch guns johnny leaves note saying chosen jimmy drugs frightened fed tells johnny jesus reveals father rage mother love leaves hurt departure johnny better days ahead home things lost wake september ends appears makes attempt johnny attention johnny died resulting suicide death jimmy johnny gets desk job soon realizes place city east 12th street television state likes finally gets couch heather appears new boyfriend rock roll girlfriend heads away surprisingly finds johnny johnny sold guitar bus ticket home returns war zone extraordinary girl introduces friends extraordinary girl johnny furious leaving group quickly friends embrace heather boyfriend arrive uneasy truce gives baby friends greet men haven seen year coming home year later johnny lost love life accepts live inside struggle rage love defined life acceptance comes possibility hope cast takes bows curtain rises reveal entire company guitars perform song good time life performance song recorded given audience free digital download characters cast members principal cast members major productions background green day released album warning village_voice music critic robert_christgau compared warning band previous album noted joe armstrong abandoning person assuming fictional creating voice thinking left liberal detected faint work theatrical composer lyricist team trend writing person came fruition green day studio album new song green day wrote single american idiot day bassist studio recording second song armstrong decided wanted drummer cool followed suit armstrong recalled started getting tried kept connecting little half minute bits musical suite homecoming group subsequently wrote suite jesus record album long conceptual piece response realities era band took inspiration concept records sources musical theater repertoire like west story concept album cum stage musical jesus christ superstar armstrong said band intended staged create film thinking terms kind felt like scoring movie director heard album expressed interest adapting stage approached band collaboration agreed work band gave mayer wide latitude adaptation seeing earlier work additional songs included green day catalog mayer added little dialogue felt instead music lyrics expressive removed dialogue berkeley production moved broadway production history berkeley musical premiered previews began september official opening september grossing theatre history producers extended limited run twice november cast included johnny heather extraordinary girl broadway musical transferred broadway previews beginning march officially opened april cast berkeley production retained broadway production exception replaced rumored cost million million produce months performances ways possibly turning profit according new_york_times report promotion cast performed grammy awards january green day music supervisor berkeley broadway productions lead producers producer creative team largely musical adaptation director scenic designer lighting designer choreographer costume designer sound designer green day played role september october ticket sales week armstrong performed average ticket prices increased gross sales increased previous week totals singer songwriter filled took time personal matters armstrong appearances january february played broadway february took role march following armstrong departure cast experienced weak sales broadway production closed april previews performances armstrong returned role final weeks cast recording won grammy award best musical album american idiot toured north_america beginning december toronto canada original national tour cast included reprising role johnny heather broadway alumnus non equity second tour launched late summer ireland tour visited manchester southampton cardiff edinburgh glasgow dublin birmingham london later cast included johnny heather extraordinary girl trent started october southampton ended december london second tour began performances norfolk virginia january touring cast ended las_vegas nevada june august debut tokyo japan weeks later september south korean debut seoul took role johnny mariah took heather took national tour cast included johnny mariah heather extraordinary girl january previously non equity tour took role left tour ended american idiot scandinavian premiere february april new production musical official production directed songs performed english dialogue spoken swedish west end production opened west end cast includes produced choreographed announced april production return summer tour concluding belfast early july tour joined cast johnny rio_de_janeiro production open rio_de_janeiro january musical numbers features songs album american idiot tracks songs green day 21st century breakdown features onstage band american idiot company jesus jesus johnny city damned johnny company don care johnny company beloved heather men tales broken home johnny heather company holiday johnny company boulevard broken dreams johnny men favorite son favorite son women waiting favorite son company jimmy johnny company rebel johnny chase night earth soon heather ben chase extraordinary girl extraordinary girl ben chase time johnny know enemy guns extraordinary girl heather johnny company women wake september ends johnny company homecoming death jimmy east 12th johnny likes company rock roll girlfriend heather company coming home johnny company good time life company curtain green day released single guns musical cast december version features backup rest american idiot cast version released sands singing parts armstrong previously sung green day cast musical performed song grammy awards january original cast recording musical released april cast album includes songs featured musical plus brand new recording time album won best musical album 53rd annual grammy awards critical reception reviews production mixed los_angeles_times called entertaining way intentionally reflects shallow media saturated culture album rails san called production songs fused hypnotic movement eye visuals thought compelling abstract channels spirit punk compared original album writing fine continued words big business broadway new_york_times commented contained characters lack way emotional depth simple point felt possesses energy vision wasted youth holds grip review broadway production enthusiastic called portrait wasted youth standard genre conventions power music execution ultimately moving seen broadway season maybe seasons past boston herald enjoyed premise found music message suffer setting audience seated associated_press found visually striking musically adventurous noted story minimal character development usa today enjoyed contradiction green day massively popular album feel good musical season time magazine opined score pure specimen contemporary punk rock broadway encountered variety fall short fully developed narrative concluded american idiot despite earnest remains little rock concert deserves cheers irresistible musical energy opening fresh odd couple rock broadway rolling_stone wrote carries echoes rock musicals tommy hair rent cuts path heart won know hit american idiot knows limits global knockout reviews west end production generally positive telegraph gave stars calling minutes chaos summarized chaotic intense legendary green day hits trip musical time life independent gave stars praising director choreographer making sharp version energy rock gig minus feeling suit intimacy awards nominations american idiot won total awards meeting april score american idiot deemed ineligible tony award best original score nomination written stage production broadway production broadway performances gross receipts following month month breakdown sales attendance performance data production capacity james theatre film adaptation production company optioned musical create film version began initial negotiations distribute directed broadway production named director green day producers initially hired adapt screenplay musical film asked star film proposed release armstrong later posted twitter account hadn totally committed role interested screening broadway idiot mayer confirmed film adaptation happening production unknown hollywood march playwright told writing new screenplay film comparing musical jones said idea little little translate visual terms going lot dialogue probably little shorter takes movie time getting expected finish end month broadway idiot january announced documentary showing armstrong journey punk rock broadway released called broadway idiot showing lot scenes musical production movie directed veteran television journalist minutes pbs documentaries nova trailer released january documentary premiered south southwest film festival march october released theaters video demand film review aggregator rotten_tomatoes reports critics gave film positive review based reviews average score metacritic assigns rating based reviews critics film score citing mixed average reviews based reviews | American Idiot (musical) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
3065_CircusJuventas | youth performing arts circus school located minnesota serving youth minneapolis metropolitan area organization founded dan offers circus arts training young people ranging years old style highland school enrollment quickly expanded organization initiated campaign fund million permanent big facility opened neighborhood year began produce annual summer performances showcasing work advanced students distinct theme shows proven popular local audiences received critically reviewers praising exhibited productions noting students occasional performances students performed competed minneapolis area abroad largest youth performing arts circus north_america school tentative plans add second facility region history founders dan met teenagers mid-1970s dan catcher flying betty cloud swing began dating age sixteen went perform married dan successful real estate broker atlanta eventually faced bankruptcy chemical couple came reside minnesota receiving alcohol drug abuse rehabilitation attended sailor circus april wondered wouldn great minnesota founded nonprofit corporation october citing desire community reasons creation originally known called minnesota nickname newly opened provided couple inspiration circus program asked city hold classes saint paul parks approved program assumed liability approximately children enrolled year thirty students stayed program performed highland annual family oriented neighborhood festival performance interest program increased students enrolled additional joined program circus based gym work schedule regular activities facility program students school growing popularity saw need larger space developed plans build seat facility article published estimated cost project quoted groundbreaking planned april initiated capital campaign february goal raising million new building august raised million expanded million goal circus expansion plans break ground new facility november funding came sales tax star program surplus funds distributed worthy organizations total circus program split star components sought fund local initiatives funded arts culture programs 3rd ward city budget came anonymous recently retired million raised end april time ensure circus received star funding fundraising goal year found space school coincidence driving montreal avenue night turned parking lot noticed area beneath trees realized ideal location school expanded facility august ground broken new structure big took year complete time school changed named ancient roman goddess youth ultimately project totaled million school debt working city agencies resolve faced threat school relies heavily parent volunteers help operational aspects rigging administrative work set construction decoration concessions sales estimated percent work school shows parent volunteers circus operates equivalent time employees circus school enrolled students ages additional enrollment younger participants young years old enrollment reached school annual operating budget exceeded million held circus arts fitness classes adults taught school regular instructors school member listing organization website notes largest performing arts circus school youth united_states sources indicate largest north_america facilities big located neighborhood minnesota stands feet tall encompasses square feet floor space built concrete slab structure supported aluminum frame covered flame resistant vinyl coated cloth building square foot lobby space designed minneapolis firm connected fabric system supports help lobby act tank threshold introduce spectators illusion world circus installing fabric hours circus gala opening company won honor awards distributed minnesota branch design circus school original seat collapse august closing performance set carrying capacity people holding time collapsed sending seven people hospital ensuing investigation came light inspected time set required lease city issued permit inspected school fined shut legal safety issues fully investigated reopened month later installed new plastic seats march future early announced plans expand big facility additional square feet additional space house dance theater studio costume shop offices square foot gym naming rights new structure provide component million school hoped raise million expansion million addition circus eventual repairs building exterior estimated million stated project stemmed desire create true professional program separate program students looking study perform circus arts post husband originally away pre professional training core aspect circus school according parks space expansion occupy deemed unsuitable building structure expansion proposed size response considering building new facility square feet western suburbs minneapolis saint paul construction new building likely cost million require capital campaign fund probably begin years meantime school performing small expansion space circus lease years performances school typically puts shows year spring performance featuring advanced students studying circus arts beginning intermediate levels late summer display talents advanced students earliest shows focused primarily technique individual acts school began emphasize artistic performances including integrating acts style narratives school hosts annual gala late autumn includes portions year earlier summer performance utilize animal acts shows big summer shows production dealing greek mythology performed newly opened permanent big facility minnesota state capitol new year eve history circus taking place french circus honoring early artist production set morocco following traveling quest determine meaning life pirate themed performance entailed quest lost treasure production included fairy tale types wicked forest spirits warrior women retelling story inspired venetian featuring masks designed responsible film performance set oceans domain haunted house themed based loosely haunted mansion ride located story set new_orleans included tragic romance zombies jade dragon shortened presentation derived chinese legendary circus traditions produced collaboration guest artists included emphasis chinese circus acts chinese pole diving performance traditions historic american special guests veteran circus performers played slightly fictionalized versions happily shortened retelling number fairy tales characters included frog prince showdown themed set fictional town performance included portrayals historical figures including featured seven man pyramid second youth circus complete trick based wonderful wizard performance travels incorporated cubic apparatus house gets swept away carried tornado incorporating elements world featuring cradle act nights retelling thousand nights summer planned adaptation wonderland engagements addition shows saint paul big students performed minneapolis metro area domestic international shows competitions performers appeared local events including saint paul winter carnival minneapolis mayor inauguration minneapolis city hall center performing arts flint hills international children festival students presented work variety local public retail theater spaces students participated shows including minnesota fringe festival production world premiere orchestra hall stage adaptation adaptation dragons singing tonight students traveled perform tennessee festival outside united_states performers traveled compete including italy circus ring friendship festival sweden troupe triple team garnered gold medal music accompaniment big summer shows came local player known work radio prairie home companion involved youth circus daughter saw decided join discovered affinity asked play celtic song premiere upcoming summer big happily agreed having expressed lifelong dream joining circus played track con opening subsequent performances following year composed original music expanded band members including percussion piano keyboard electric acoustic guitars electric acoustic bass guitars provided score continued finally showdown tracks shows played album circus published reception reporting spectacle online journal summarized audience critical reception shows describing sold enthusiastically reviewed press cited age performers proximity audience asked review comparing circus school dare exciting troupe inspired writing minnesota monthly commended technical skill performers showdown child like talent stars swing flip air like spectacle noted productions consistently polish style seen youth professional ones matter wrote hours minutes plus minute run time long haul smallest circus critics commented occasional performance noted review moments stand realize students celebrated school program want succeed similarly writing stated routines bit features dance routines younger kids mastering stunts despite performance impressive cited march april performance architecture architecture minnesota minnesota land lakes 2nd isbn series producer october minnesota original television production retrieved december wall duncan ordinary journey circus past present new_york_city alfred isbn | Circus Juventas | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
4410_JessieBonstelle | october american theater director actress drama company manager encouraged mother sang performed theater young age went famous leading lady performances broadway later director managing stock companies directing broadway productions training young performers went famous actors founded theater detroit reorganized america civic theaters methods influenced community theater projects described pioneering women stage directors early twentieth century early life born helen father farm near town greece new_york youngest children exact date birth unknown kept secret november originally named later life changed according legend seeing like theater mother wanted actress home reading writing singing dancing reciting shakespeare public performance singing songs church age years helen gave daughter passion acting taking theaters nearby rochester age auditioned critic encouragement left tour production melodrama returning home california briefly studied convent school rochester returned stage working local opera house owner touring productions career death parents went new_york_city joined company toured season worked chorus member company season left exhausted married actor years older leading man happily married worked philadelphia years moving rochester played roles established leading lady leading lady philadelphia season stuart died performed productions broadway including lady oklahoma produced acting received mixed poor reception new_york_times critics according lacked creative depth playing produced performance united_states second english later received letter thanked performing work career manager director began offered management stock company rochester company stock company based included prominent actors future stars spent years managing directing acting appeared time time philadelphia toured canada occasionally directed new_york associated harlem said dedication partly inspired death realizing theater lasting managed stock companies buffalo detroit moving weekly cities usually plays recently successful broadway saw immoral popular production directed adaptation little women researched play traveling boston view personal papers provided family talking friends production toured nationally companies performing different places time successful lengthy run broadway performed london world war director massachusetts sold stake company founded detroit opened january backed syndicate led patron bought avenue commissioned carried producing broadway style plays company perform classics including modern dress productions romeo juliet hamlet performances february began campaign gain community support theater fund raised donations public agreement local authorities city unofficial premier theater later year group known plan theater emphasized importance providing public best drama including classics modern works improving young people knowledge dramatic literature funded public subscription ticket prices low performances included works shakespeare theater played religious role effort improve understanding operation church theater holding multi religious services lent stated plays avoiding intended positive moral influence audience local clergy publicly praised work theater june went hollywood possible reasons include desire direct films found acting school explore possibility new stock company returned detroit falling ill learning cancer began campaign open adversely affected great depression seriously ill aided secretary continued campaign run theater death october suffered heart attack home relatives detroit october body lay state theater new_york_times reported thousand people went memorial service held thousands attended mayor spoke buried rochester husband character passionate work ran rehearsals kept control direction productions directing willing help actors struggling respected passion drive reception legacy wide reputation according industry theater famous broadway critics rate directing highly detroit drama critics praised greatly plays poorly reviewed critics fact friends employees america civic theaters uniquely 1920s profitable closed year death rise movie industry depression bought premises use theater department renamed memory approach gained nationwide attention interviewed authorities cities wanted information plan theater influenced future known spotting talent young actors skilled developing talent trained actors actresses later known including | Jessie Bonstelle | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
4490_Blackrock(play) | play play australian playwright performed adapted play entitled property clan inspired murder australia plays received critically attract criticism family media actual murder despite repeated statements plays work fiction considered viewers factual account property clan new_south_wales premier won developed feature film plot australian working class suburb popular youths like girlfriend rachel comes city day local legend returns month trip rachel brother toby 18th birthday party held local beach club days later decides merge welcome home party event party alcohol freely available following morning revealed year old killed party youths party scott toby tell raped tracy left alive boys later arrested sexual assault confesses killed tracy says attempting sex bit kicked moment rage grabbed rock struck told police night asks confirm torn telling truth protecting friend witnessing abusive behaviour friend decides tell truth detained police hangs cell silence leads breakdown relationships rachel mother play scene confesses witnessed youths tracy intervene unsure believes loyalty boys mates left suicide note giving panel van asks cousin throw keys vehicle ocean goes development origins property clan play originated property clan theatre education piece written newcastle premiered approached director suggested murder subject play initially refused argued actual subject play victim peer groups agreed convinced play conflicting responses crime title taken quote psychological report man murdered preparation trial decision play criminal acts actual murder instead focusing drama participants aftermath murder redevelopment commissioned develop original minute play length production retained original characters added associate professor considered version murder viewers considered factual account crime narrative emphasis adult audience outside specifically educational environment shifting play focus property clan focused possible motives rape said centre boys involved crime portraying victims society performed wharf theatre run august played australian theatre festival canberra year continued performed performed sold season wharf productions australia including performed newcastle based theatre company version contained minor updates referring instead reception property clan family learned play attended private screening seen years mother objected daughter murder stating preferred documentary account rape murder victim property clan named tracy family objected cousin best friend asked change character respect family remain unchanged play rewritten retitled local media reported family objections play day play opened faced mounting disapproval attempted distance murder respond growing controversy wrote newcastle herald stating media coverage play unfortunately focusing murder instead play message stating people reporting manner watched play stated comparison murder interest media play actually group boys abuse girl came viewers considered play factual account murder rape murder shown play audience said able fill knowledge killing despite controversy play shown high schools newcastle area following positive critical reception shown nationally high schools country period eighteen months students declined book play play shown new_south_wales premier year australian gave favourable review redeveloped play stating decision transform play original educational environment mainstream audience bold successful won award best play play shown sydney expressed disappointment community people came said like newcastle grew sydney didn different whatsoever happening years ago young remember violence rape party rape party rape alcohol lot violence associated interviewed adapted film expressed regret media continually drawing connections play murder caused additional suffering family initiated play intention aiding healing process people affected murder reviewing version play performed likened actors performing play initiation ceremonies occur play stating perform initiated newcastle history learn mines beaches death ambivalent inheritance communities hosts curriculum material high school plays premiere production premiere production directed featured following cast paul bishop toby stewart roy roles played members company film adaptation revisions play finalised started working time director produce film version titled released reprised role film portrayed play cast film | Blackrock (play) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
4902_EdwardScissorhands(dance) | dance contemporary dance adaptation american romance fantasy film created music screenwriter composer film version helped develop dance version set 1950s film set late 1980s story told entirely music dance discourse plot similar movie piece debuted london despite mixed reviews subsequently toured britain asia earning drama desk award unique theatrical experience australia europe productions dance company composition development male version swan lake longest running ballet production earned distinction british director winner tony award best choreography 53rd tony awards earned award best theatre choreographer fair lady play words respectively eventually time begin article following summary world popular living dance maker asked composer friends films adapted stage productions dance style thompson met having seen swan lake asked thompson consent adapt film following year took seven years obtain necessary funding film director composer work choreographed developed dance theatre instead traditional musical singing speaking musical score includes significant portions film score based pet dog described dog follows soulful creature met wanted participate didn need language communicate communicated eyes described character similar monster sense outsider wants insider plot work tells gothic story boy created eccentric inventor trying adapt suburban life hands dance version set 1950s unlike film set late 1980s inventor son dungeon like room holding grief inventor creates son flashing hands creation orphaned characters father death halloween activities ventures gothic origins suburban town loneliness reinforced taken adopted family town promotional video american debut highlights gothic horror setting suburban settings adaptation notes san_francisco good place united_states debut work city exhibits tolerance similar work piece spoken words like film edward equipped hands inventor died middle discovered castle lady brings home town family takes theatrical adaptation robust prologue film additional backstory add content character productions british new adventures dance company raised million augmented stage original production london opened november closed february eventually staged asia united_states australia europe dance adaptation featured members company lead producer alternated main role wearing heavily costume blades thick leather starred following tour archer staying tour regular collaborators associate directors stars set costume design style described sort mild characters sets inspired future designed lights sound designer following week london run united_kingdom tour lasted weeks followed performances japan korea united_states ran spring november december played san_francisco american debut previews november november opening february played kennedy center washington spent april 5th avenue theatre seattle new_york run held venues united_states tour included los_angeles charlotte north_carolina pittsburgh pennsylvania center philadelphia pennsylvania missouri time played brooklyn visited dozen north american cities australian national tour launched piece returned europe tour included performances britain christmas season venues europe tour included paris birmingham london stops athens antwerp cities sold new_york los_angeles san_francisco sydney melbourne paris reception dance adaptation received mixed reviews earliest review london production new_york_times november said like film version doomed love story remains new_york_times panned original run statements potential dance sensation short actual dance dream ballet late act set pieces later terms actual choreography oddly pro felt overcoming obstacle dances lead blades fingers overcome fellow critic new_york_times described visually weeks later christmas return england times gave positive review adaptation film biggest season cultural ornaments skill dance theatre company feels affections independent reviewer critical saying edward kids cartoon satire dimensional characters stand hair breadth cliché critic independent opened review follows best curtain contemporaneous reviews guardian bit positive saying natural leaves audience work american debut san_francisco drew mixed reviews san_francisco_chronicle described high point theatre year review saying choreographed designed analyzing year entire arts culture perspective san_francisco_chronicle described work lacking noting november run fell short swan lake inspired high mark march arts culture year end stated beginning san_francisco run considerable help davies thompson burton manner uniquely attended december danced archer signed program following partial inscription verge tears mate time broadway debut new_york_times described dance enhanced famous story drama condensed removal words panned detailed review following week new_york_times said edward candy coated bore time praised dancing awards nominations work received nomination drama desk award outstanding choreography won drama desk award unique theatrical experience nominated outstanding choreography year | Edward Scissorhands (dance) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
4992_ShowBoat | boat boat musical acts music book lyrics based best selling novel musical follows lives performers dock workers mississippi_river boat years themes include racial prejudice tragic enduring love musical contributed classic songs man river believe help man premiere boat broadway watershed moment history american musicals compared trivial unrealistic light musical comedies musical defined broadway 1890s early 20th century boat radical departure musical storytelling marrying spectacle seriousness according complete book light opera come completely new genre musical play distinguished musical comedy play thing play came complete integration song humor production numbers single artistic entity quality musical recognized immediately critics boat frequently revived awards broadway shows exist original production premiered revival staged late 20th century boat won award best musical revival background research proposed novel boat writer spent weeks james adams floating palace theatre bath north_carolina gathering material disappearing american entertainment venue river weeks gained called treasure boat material human touching true impressed novel hoping adapt musical asked critic introduce october introduced evening latest musical shocked want adapt boat musical assured want adapt typical 1920s granted collaborator rights set novel music composing act songs auditioned material producer thinking person create elaborate production felt necessary work impressed agreed produce writing day best musical comedy fortunate hold thrilled produce opportunity life boat dramatic nature considered unusual choice previously known mainly anticipated opening new theatre sixth avenue boat epic nature work required unusually long gestation period extensive changes town worried keeping tone strongly disliked songs decided open theatre february musical collaborator proved success boat broadway opening delayed moved theatre synopsis note basic plot boat remained years revisions alterations creators time subsequent producers directors revisions length convenience different actor played certain role unable perform specialty piece written role creator reflect contemporary race gender social issues act boat arrives river dock mississippi reconstruction era ended decade earlier white dominated southern imposed racial segregation rules boat owner cap introduces actors crowd breaks leading man troupe pete rough engineer making passes steve wife leading lady mixed race woman passes white steve knocks pete pete revenge suggesting knows dark secret cap andy pretends shocked crowd fight preview performed troupe exits band crowd follows handsome appears taken eighteen year old hawks aspiring performer daughter cap andy wife likewise believe seeks advice joe black dock worker aboard boat returned buying flour wife ship cook replies lots like river goes inside boat tell friend handsome stranger joe ought ask river advice dock workers reflect wisdom indifference man river doesn care world troubles keeps finds inside announces love stranger account river fellow says found account stop loving warns easy stop loving explaining love steve singing lines help man surprised knows song heard colored folks sing remarks sings time asks sing entire song rehearsal evening steve learn town sheriff coming arrest steve takes large pocket knife makes cut hand blood pete returns sheriff insists proceed woman married white man local laws prohibit admits mother black steve tells sheriff black blood marriage legal mississippi troupe backs boosted ship pilot longtime friend sheriff couple escaped charge leave boat identified black longer perform segregated white audience cap andy fires pete spite sympathy steve violate law returns asks passage boat andy hires new leading man assigns daughter new leading lady mother objections begin roles process kiss time joe lines man river weeks later hit crowds fallen love workers man river background proposes accepts couple sings love plans marry day town discovered killed man arrives sheriff wedding festivities group learns acquitted murder cap andy calls narrow minded defends announcing killed man ceremony proceeds act years passed moved chicago living gambling rich enjoying good life singing song love daughter kim years varying income broke rent room boarding house depressed inability support family kim frank ellie actors learn living rooms want rent old friends seek singing job club new year working fallen drinking having abandoned steve rehearsal tries new song bill appears thinking steve sings great emotion dressing room hears singing help man audition song taught years ago secretly job fill learning sacrifice new year eve andy chicago surprise visit daughter goes wife sees overcome emotion nearly stage andy rallies crowd starting sing standard ball great musical star years pass aged joe sings reprise man river cap andy chance meeting arranges reunion andy knows retiring returning kim broadway star kim gives taste performing abilities singing updated charleston version love sings reprise love uncertain asking stopped loving warmly happy couple walks boat joe cast sing verse man river plot variants film mgm film changed final scenes story small details reconciled years separated chance meeting learns gave birth daughter returns sees child kim playing sees takes family returns boat joe chorus start singing man river scenes starts turning tempo music ship heads river shown viewing distance watched scene shadows musical numbers musical numbers original production follows history revisions original production ran half hours trimmed time got broadway previews songs let start new year cut published complete vocal score fragments heard scoring notably original scene song happy cut washington studio cast album reinstated entire song included revival let start new year performed production songs till good luck comes way sung hey sung written mainly cover scenery changes discarded beginning revival till good luck included revival comedy song fall cut beginning restored film version stage productions 1980s record hey appears emi album wrote new songs film version fielding production london early 1970s claimed use entire original score omitted hey cast album broke ground version boat released score includes songs originally written boat bill originally written reworked boat songs goodbye lady love ball included authors historical atmosphere included new year eve scene features instrumental version hot time old town tonight following numbers cut revised subsequent productions noted songs man river help man bill included stage film production boat original stage productions heard disc emi angel time nearly years based chiefly deleted song round wanted save song form song restored revival contains fragments man river help man faster arrangement love revival revival consist songs arranged orchestrated later shows number performed stage productions shorter versions film versions film version mate song heard stage versions partially sung film version sung complete film version sung film version believe performed stage versions film versions film version life wicked stage comic song usually included stage versions heard film orchestral score included film sung danced film version till good luck comes way cut revival reinstated london stage revival performed film omitted altogether films fall usually cut reinstated beginning absent films included film folks included sung prologue film version omitted film performed film dance rarely performed composed simply cover change scenery orchestral piece partially uses melody fall heard emi album villain dance film substituted new number performed omitted pbs paper mill production modern productions song fall spot love considered popular score weakest song tried unsuccessfully eliminate film version cut stage production shortened introductory section omitted films performed film act finale shortened film omitted films dominant wing dance theme repeating motif film played onstage backstage scene later soft shoe dance cap andy granddaughter kim stage productions revival omitted film versions instrumental version performed film love stage versions number sung exit music film performed background music film sung film version revival sung cut score broadway production revived potentially offensive unnecessary plot sung chicago world fair group supposedly african natives chant supposed african language breaking modern english singing glad return apartments day performance film version included complete emi recording studio recording jay label score goodbye lady love american productions included film films ball performed stage productions films hey nearly stage productions sung prologue film film background score film opening post credits scene boat arrives additional numbers included films follows round cut original production ensured published complete vocal score album reinstated included revival let start new year cut original production performed production room romantic duet written film included broadway revival style number written film suits comic duet written film sung characters joe number included production written broadway revival sung spot kim usually sings reprise love song written died shortly production opened london stage revival song sung new scene written especially production sung film version frequently heard stage 1980s parade dance number arranged broadway production largely music characters principal roles cap owner captain boat husband father daughter cap andy marries mother kim handsome river boat later husband father kim leading lady troupe wife steve leading man protective husband stern wife cap andy pete tough engineer tries joe dock worker boat husband ship cook wife joe performer boat plays villain characters married ellie ellie singer dancer act husband frank kim daughter pilot minor characters sheriff townspeople chorus jubilee singers dancers somewhat ensemble parts sheriff steve order pete workers performers townspeople sing opening song watch performances boat sing fair sing joe versions man river frank ellie songs including fall kim love reprise sing chorus sings wedding jubilee singers sing production history original production boat premiered new_york december previewed production tour november december locations included washington pittsburgh cleveland philadelphia opened broadway theatre december critics immediately enthusiastic great popular success running year half total performances production staged choreography original cast included daughter kim adult joe cap oliver ellie conductor scenic design original production worked years designed elaborate new costumes designed opening night review new_york_times called book adaptation production skill taste termed revelation convincing singing remarkably effective paul character joe sings man river expanded novel written specifically noted actor singer actor identified role song unavailable original production opening delay premiered played joe notable productions boat premier london production broadway revival film version stage revival los_angeles reviewing broadway revival critic described performance touch genius merely voice richest organs stage understanding gives old man river epic lift sings realize spiritual reached final expression american film closing theatre original production toured extensively national company notable including played west_coast production joined tenor soon offered contract appeared universal_studios film adaptation boat film featured cap andy frank original broadway stage roles boat revived broadway original cast joe major new broadway revival produced original home revival featured revised score new song new directed featured joe frank successful production ran performances toured extensively died weeks january opening making worked additional new_york produced produced boat new production starred cap andy joe produced provided new revised brought production kennedy center washington starred cap andy new_york revival presented starred cap andy new_jersey mounted production noted intention restore accordance creators original intentions production restored original number discarded broadway opening song suits written film version directed starred cap andy paper mill production preserved broadcast pbs presented recent major production boat broadway produced directed premiered toronto ontario prior opening new_york october george theatre ran performances broadway longest running boat date production went tour playing kennedy center staged london melbourne australia prince production revived interest book dropping adding songs cut productions highlighting racial elements notable change score prince transforming love duet sung baby girl change partly accommodate song performed stage actress love duet room originally written film added production new dance act depicted passage time changing styles dance music london productions original production opened theatre royal featured cast andy day joe later famed singer chorus west end presentations include production theatre ran performances prince production ran nominated award outstanding musical production notable england included joint production ran london production directed presented london royal albert hall fully staged musical production history venue production transferred sheffield london new london theatre previews beginning april official opening april boat directed version cast includes cap andy despite favorable reviews scheduled close end august media film television boat adapted film times television boat universal released silent partial sound versions film version musical plot based original novel immediately silent film completed prologue music filmed added version film released sound sequences boat universal directed faithful film version featuring members original broadway cast screenplay music arrangements music direction conducting till clouds roll mgm fictionalized film biography composer played boat opening night broadway depicted staged minute medley songs number features virginia brien respectively ellie joe cap andy boat mgm somewhat revised film version follows basic storyline contains songs makes changes details plot character financially successful frequently revived film versions live performance television shown pbs contains songs fewer cuts film versions includes choral number let start new year dropped broadway opening suits song written film version radio boat adapted live radio seven times network censorship rules radio productions eliminated aspect plot notable exceptions broadcast broadcast march directed introduced non musical version story based closely novel musical original stage cast repeated portrayal singing song musical portrayed cap andy author acting debut version illegal alien deported half hour brief remarkably faithful original cbs june introduced produced featured film version condensed version songs sung played non singing version single woman lines heard sung chorus supposedly based film production ending original film use production featured playing time cast cap andy joe condensed half hour version featured singers man river sung instead african american singer explanation steve departure went completely version cbs february radio version mgm film featuring film cast portrayed cap andy version extremely faithful film adaptation version broadcast spot solely based novel produced directed starred joe morgan cap andy kim original music june revival musical chicago broadcast production boat reinstated songs round till good luck comes way hey marked time virtually complete version boat broadcast radio concert hall direction premiered orchestral work boat scenario orchestra minute orchestral work weaving themes orchestra recorded year modern recordings work notably selected recordings original london cast album original released england rpm records years sold united_states begun making original cast albums broadway shows broadway cast recorded performing songs record individual numbers cast london album included contractual restrictions cast member replaced album joe year chorus accompanied record man river original orchestration recording later released separately rendition appears emi paul sings man river favorites studio cast recording later released columbia_records briefly recording featured issued conjunction revival strictly original cast album revival orchestra conducted original vocal arrangements broadway revival cast recording issued rpm versions issued columbia sony american recording boat cast conductor major broadway revival revival thoroughly modified original featured appeared revival album includes new song soundtrack album cast members film version film soundtrack boat issued records appeared later expanded edition actress singing voice replaced film heard singing album expanded version contains warren vocal tracks marked recording debut played joe sang man river film studio cast album conducted album featured score previously recorded featured white singer famed american joe singers included issued frank ellie numbers sung version original studio cast album boat stereo recording starred singing man river songs use original issued emi british studio cast album featured ellie singing man river columbia studio cast album starring boat recording issued uncredited revival modifications cast album issued featured cook modified available london revival cast album jazz singer soprano tenor bass leads completely new bearing resemblance album boat included score previously records issued later emi studio cast album set time contained entire score authentic lyrics vocal arrangements cast includes album conducted toronto revival cast recording starring joe studio cast recordings boat addition mentioned soundtrack film version appeared called label called racial issues integration boat portrayed racial issues racially integrated musical black white performers appeared sang stage featured solo african american performers included black woman chorus boat structured choruses black chorus white chorus commentator noted uses african american chorus essentially greek chorus providing clear commentary proceedings white choruses sing real boat chorus form exclusively songs sung african american characters help man form later regarded typical white popular music boat broadway musical seriously depict marriage original novel feature character mixed race passing white musical comedy starring supposedly depicted romance mixed blood native american man white woman man turns white language stereotypes word generated controversy subject matter marriage historical portrayal blacks working laborers servants 19th century south use word lyrics word opening chorus originally opened black chorus onstage singing work mississippi work white folks play boats cotton rest till judgement day subsequent productions changed colored folk choice work mississippi work white folks play production produced years civil rights act passed section opening chorus omitted having words changed london revival work mississippi emi restored original lyric revival chose colored folk production telecast pbs word said character word negro critics believe wrote opening chorus sympathetic voice oppressed people intended use ironic way way wanted alert audience realities racism boat begins singing word song immediately establishes race central themes play protest song ironic angry protest nonetheless singers hands word tone opening established gulf races privilege accorded white folks denied black flavor contempt built language whites african americans effective scene caricature roles wise people capable seeing feeling white folk racial situations play provoke thoughts hard black south dialogue blacks called white characters story contrary thought black slavery depicted play slavery abolished story runs 1880s late 1920s shocking believe allowed use word negative play context appropriate impact makes term today word film versions musical sheriff refers steve having blood film versions changed negro blood likewise pete calls stage version refers colored film use word film african american english consider boat racially note dialogue lyrics black characters especially joe wife choruses use forms african american vernacular english example shown following text hey think don know soon hey seats left light inside outside moon dressed tell dose men step line language accurate reflection vernacular blacks mississippi time effect usage offended critics racial stereotypes character sings verses original production played african american italian american actress best known portraying aunt attempts non black writers imitate black language songs like man river alleged offensive claim repeated years later critics critics acknowledged intentions noble man river song found lyrical voice suffering resignation anger entire race lines naturally wonder folks assume song negro spiritual theatre critics veterans believe boat revolutionary radical departure previous style written non blacks portrayed blacks instead line chorus girls showing legs opening number singing happy happy happy curtain rose black dock hands lifting cotton singing lives musical showed poverty suffering bitterness racial prejudice sexual relationship black white love story ended course business man river black race given anthem honor misery authority authentic spiritual revisions musical premiere boat condemned based racial championed breakthrough work opened door public discourse arts racism america productions including planned june connecticut cancelled objections criticized supporters arts planned performances amateur opera company england stopped ethnic minorities local newspaper declared actions surely taking political far british theatre writer concerned kind censorship talking censorship actually truly integrated society emphasizes differences puts wall groups society dividing people creating prevents mutual understanding specifically cancellation based protests plans black roles played production white actors company black members attitudes race relations changed producers directors altered content musical politically correct boat musicals subject cuts revisions handful years performance altered dramatic balance play revival revival originating toronto deliberately staged cast attention racial production african american actors constantly cleaned appeared sets actually moved performed tasks new year eve ball fell floor african americans immediately began sweeping away montage second act showed time passing revolving door chicago newspaper headlines shown quick succession slow motion highlight specific moment accompanied brief african american dancers seen performing specific dance change scene showing white dancers performing dance meant illustrate white performers appropriated music dancing styles african americans earlier productions boat stage original film version far social commentary production toronto black community leaders supporters expressed opposition protesting theatre shouting insults waving reading cultural genocide theatre critics new_york commented prince highlighted racial inequality production injustice historical suffering blacks critic noted included absolutely beautiful piece music cut original production movie round haunting gospel melody sung black chorus addition number successful dignity pure talent black workers allows shine brief moment center stage analysis commentators black non black view outdated stereotypical commentary race relations portrays blacks negative inferior position commented racially flawed story african canadian writer philip claims heart boat alive today begins book negative dimensional images black people continues deliberate omission black experience including pain people centuries attempted genocide exploitation mention appropriation black music profit people oppressed blacks continues deeply man river racism continues run history productions toronto production overwhelming need white americans white canadians convince demands don represent challenge privilege superiority hand supporters musical believe depictions racism regarded blacks common national attitudes held stereotypes reinforced discrimination words quoting context line play claiming view playwright absurd fact dramatic literary work portrays racist attitudes institutions mean words new_yorker theatre critic describing racism doesn boat racist production meticulous honoring influence black culture making nation wealth music making modern spirit broadway writers long musical medium tolerance racial harmony rainbow described attempt understand works like boat eyes creators usually consider statement racism point novel point oscar wrote think far racism strongest argument defense boat lies understanding socially concerned intentions aims backgrounds authors according score boat tremendous expression ethics tolerance compassion quote mistakenly attributed states original production notes production pre production rehearsal committed eliminate stereotype original material dialogue uncle tom today determined rewrite history fact year period depicted musical imprisonment forced labor blacks united_states united_states hold head high regard racism commitment encouraging tolerance theatrically started boat seen later works set music attempt present modern version classic french opera experiences african americans wartime marriage prejudice finally king deals different cultures notions possibility cultural societies original author boat states jewish young woman eager launch career journalist told chicago_tribune hire women reporters despite experience america creating novels american myth strong women men race prevail boat create visions racial harmony fictional world purported america illusion reality characters novels achieve acceptance periodically denied life racist contend productions continue serves history lesson american race relations according african american opera singer played role joe tour deals race issues gives audience agree putting stage making audience think came don repeat long way lot history disappear away forever artist true era happy | Show Boat | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
6258_Disgraced | play novelist screenwriter premiered chicago broadway west end engagements play won pulitzer prize drama opened broadway previews began september recognized new work play musical award stage play broadway transfer earned tony award best play nomination play centered themes self identity muslim american citizens focuses dinner party people different backgrounds discussion turns politics religion mood quickly heated described powder identity politics play depicts racial ethnic secretly persist progressive cultural circles said depict challenge mobile muslim americans america productions included performances plot minute act play lawyer wife emily host dinner american born muslim raised manhattan acquisitions lawyer emily coming artist focuses islamic themes art cast aside muslim heritage sake career times drawn nonetheless emily affinity islamic artistic traditions serves muse influence islamic connection prior dinner partner track involved controversial case nephew born concerns arrest local imprisoned charges financing terrorist supporting groups leading question religious persecution emily encourages reluctant appear court support unofficial capacity gets mentioned new_york_times case dinner conversation hosts colleague work husband emily jewish art dealer dinner table assembly includes muslim african american jew wasp dining topic religious faith conversation touches islamic tradition racial september tensions mount cast november chicago cast announced included ally played arenas played played played played emily starting previews january official debut january chicago production creative team included fight choreographer set designer lighting designer costume designer prop designer sound designer donnell production stage manager july broadway cast announced time correspondent daily jon stewart creative team members sets designer costume designer lighting designer sound designer began previews october replaced october illness opening night scheduled october directed chicago new_york set direct broadway run new_york production opened claire tow theater new_york october following cast emily cast directed consisted broadway production originated reprising west end roles respectively reprising broadway role emily directed chicago broadway productions signed direct joined creative team set costumes lighting sound following tables casts principal original productions production history generation pakistani american born new_york_city raised milwaukee previously written starred film war portrayed pakistani engineering student terrorist studied columbia_university written novel studies muslim religious experience america son foreign born doctors spent decade exploring dual identity writing play order write play decided write experiences stated level write play turn look shoulder running away moment explosion creativity originally scheduled chicago illinois run february march official debut february eventually run moved forward week january february official january debut february run extended chicago new_york debut broadway run october premiere scheduled run november extended december hurricane sandy caused cancellation october evening performances october november extended december february london premiere play announced west end opening bush theatre beginning direction previews scheduled begin opening running june march extended june play opened scheduled july producer announced considered broadway run season june announced broadway run starting october following previews beginning september broadway began limited run broadway preview performances september opening night october original announced run lasting february january closure engagement announced march direction sets costumes lighting cast includes critical commentary new_york_times saw broadway production said continuously engaging engaged play wit intelligence puts contemporary attitudes religion microscope revealing self image people born way embraced selected play year end best plays hollywood reporter selected best writing claim voices appear scene recent years post racial nation chicago production chicago_tribune theatre critic praised intensely arresting time chicago called play compact stunning gut punch addressing cultural allowed escape aren chicago_sun-times critic noted plays characters identity minefield feels deliberately trapped playwright play won jeff award honoring excellence chicago entertainment_weekly critic suggested ending play executed packs lot scenes terms coincidence heavy personal drama religion politics usually manages pull edge admirable restraint director paced scenes best known comedy surprisingly commanding stage presence captures range character internal conflicts themes describes play thematically tackles questions muslim american identity noted couples exchange observations faith politics modern world intellectual find increasingly specifically said play questions identity religion contemporary world accent topic radical islam terrorism affected public discourse rejected muslim upbringing surname better law firm feels occasional islam wrote offers engaging challenge mobile islamic americans age according guardian play comes head protagonist tries come terms multiple identity american asian muslim passive observer injustice activist affinity shirts high thread counts home dinner party set apartment spare subtle orient interviews following pulitzer announcement said play title literal meaning literally plays disgrace real time audience says ways colonial history west playing muslim world events comprise history disgrace native peoples contemporary moment awards nominations chicago production received nominations august july theatrical productions season august recognized best new work play musical october description play pulitzer prize drama committee described moving play depicts successful corporate lawyer forced consider long pakistani muslim heritage pulitzer jury headed washington_post theater critic playwright princeton_university professor critic critic jury april earned award nomination outstanding lead actor april received circle award nomination won award production nominated broadway alliance award best new play lost spike april broadway production nominated tony award best play chicago production production broadway premiere competed season awards leaving new actors technical staff eligible broadway transfer broadway production | Disgraced | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
6491_BristolOldVic | british theatre company based theatre royal bristol present company established london associated financially independent organisation 1990s runs popular highly successful young people aged theatre royal oldest continually operating theatre english speaking world built king street bristol hall built incorporated theatre designated grade listed building called beautiful theatre england theatre complex completed phase million refurbishment increasing seating capacity providing flexible performance spaces main theatre royal auditorium complex includes studio theatre basement performance areas whilst theatre closed company continued present work studio basement spaces sites bristol opened history theatre theatre situated king street yards public entrance hall earliest surviving building site hall built company guild bristol architect façade columns remained hands subsequently public assembly room wine warehouse baptist chapel eventually fruit vegetable warehouse theatre built design auditorium traditionally taken based variations theatre royal london bristol architect supervised construction theatre built designs carpenter lane provided drawings theatre richmond surrey built long section survey plan local studies library richmond theatre close similarities bristol theatre proportions relationship actors stage spectators surrounding sides site chosen roughly rectangular site row medieval houses hall possibly new built ground floor houses king street gave access inside theatre opened performance including prologue epilogue given able obtain productions announced concert specimen evade restrictions imposed theatres licensing act ruse soon abandoned production neighbouring hall fall foul law legal concerns eventually granted theatre patent theatre took theatre royal time theatre started opening winter season joint company established perform bristol featuring famous names including ghost according legend bristol theatre auditorium rebuilt new sloping ceiling gallery break bath theatre managed elder little success slowly rose widow 1850s following death son law took lost interest theatre royal fell decline opened prince theatre originally known new narrow entrance constructed adjacent building formation bristol old relinquished lease theatre royal concentrating business prince theatre destroyed bombing second world war lease owners building sale sale perceived possible loss building theatre public appeal mounted preserve use result new trust established buy building leased building trust successor arranged company staff forming bristol old early members company included making appearance major barbara artistic director early triumph occurred production transferred west end longest running musical london stage time remained involved role taken city_council year london old disbanded bristol company fully independent plays council owned present theatre complex designed completed entrance building demolished number surrounding buildings stage area theatre new stage fly tower built technical facilities offices seat new studio studio theatre built place old entrance hall provided theatre grand façade area previously lacked 1970s 80s productions received locally tour late 80s faced chronic revival leadership brought increase audience numbers followed new funding package appointment joint artistic directors briefly branded organisation new bristol old sole artistic director artistic highlights times included production mouth tenure received shakespeare productions refurbishment july board trustees took controversial decision close theatre refurbishment members theatre profession feared future following public meetings winter newly formed board trustees appointed director executive chairman february company announced time associate director artistic director appointed artistic director previously worked executive director october merger combined charity chaired managing director fundraising campaign million planned refurbishment assisted appearances million provided closure company staged productions studio theatre basement locations bristol including treasure island king street summer revival hall christmas plan flexible theatre complex areas available performance cited inspiration paris main auditorium gained optional thrust stage increase seating stage area redeveloped additional capacity creating option separate second auditorium spaces redeveloped performance areas included rehearsal room opened september work mainly area planned refurbishment phase completed coincide anniversary theatre opening touring long history taking productions tour united_kingdom overseas notable production toured include hamlet arms man man seasons ceylon pakistan hamlet measure measure america holland belgium man superman june festival company frequent visits edinburgh festival productions toured london london productions taken plays britain major theatres recently produced companies west yorkshire regional theatres companies production recently transferred london west end followed major tour production playing recent touring productions include bristol old shakespeare production artist development strand sees work developed theatre touring internationally artistic directors opened affiliate organisation securing highest standards training performing arts associate school school began life october months founding parent room fruit merchant warehouse near stage door theatre royal yard derelict nicholas school adjacent warehouse company rehearsals crowd scenes stage fights late early 1960s notably productions romeo juliet starring canadian actor student school students frequently played crowd scenes fights school continued premises royalties musical days given school purchase conversion large adjoining victorian remain base today donation formally recognised new custom built dance movement studio school garden named school provides comprehensive training courses theatre radio film television professionals graduates found key positions actors directors set designers designers lighting designers stage company managers world notable distinguished actors school list alumni academy_award winners alumni peter prize coincide opening theatre launched award called patron prize later renamed prize following actors death award month contract offered graduating actors bristol old theatre school inaugural winners emily smith | Bristol Old Vic | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
8022_ChosePromise | chose promise chose promise french man performed french comedian written features character teacher performing comedy promise friend died car accident explaining attempts shadow play song comes character routine mirrors dressing rooms title comes expression chose promise chose promise promise deals theme death character teacher chosen depict failure chose promise released dvd march recorded final performances february broadcast television channels received critics praised performance particularly sequence synopsis summary based dvd version introduces economics teacher explains honour promise best friend hospitalised car accident arrived deathbed asked perform man behalf answered promise died knowing end sentence better want perform explains promise comedian dream comedian laughs applause begins explaining use memories objects relating perform says loved performs routine monkey puppet called puppet speaks talks puppet alive pads cat mouse tells story removed batteries colleague takes contains telephone numbers prostitutes performs shadow routine armenian soldier rescues daughter players clear actually making shadows gets annoyed called david decides perform final scene play written called clock explains complex plot characters set play involves duke family associates household servants performs scene playing characters voices mannerisms final act plays recording sings song written accident audience song want famous comedian imitating performs curtain toy dragon dances flaps wings march comes character thanks audience writers producers explains preceding story fiction talks stage goes mirrors dressing rooms asks row audience stand repeatedly check pillars theatre load bearing ends saying need mirror wear background themes french expression chose promise chose equivalent promise promise english responds dates 17th century sur profound reflections things written inspired met joined write new seen previous played theatrical told perform humour showing end play guitar character teacher created play failure described profession far style far substance said character generous friend keeping promise guy end deals theme death said bit strange virtue attracting public attention said authors thought reason stage talk strong described changed size audiences grew incorporated performances chose promise produced productions directed written performed theatre casino paris tours early performed tours les sur france geneva switzerland final performances took place february recorded october released dvd blu ray video demand march includes commentary track making documentary called est come circle filmed followed camera day recording said chose recording special relationship place september broadcast television channel later shown august seen people audience share reception praised imagination ease called performance exceptional publication said talents actor remarkable praised act called acting performance mastered rated meaning like lot described meticulous writing absurd universe hilarious calling masterpiece genre wrote disposition tremendous energy noting appearances brought audience fans | Chose Promise | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
8495_KinkyBoots(musical) | boots musical broadway musical music lyrics tony emmy grammy winner book tony winner based film inspired true events musical tells story shoe factory father save business charlie forms unlikely partnership performer drag queen help charlie develops plan produce line high boots process discover different following conception creative team assembled original production premiered chicago october direction choreography starring charlie respectively broadway debut theatre april following previews began march musical began tour having received theatre critics box office initially broadway production boots entered awards season month opening surpassed rival audiences weekly box office gross later enjoyed boost advance sales production earned season high nominations tony wins including outing broadway songwriter making woman win category musical cast album premiered number billboard cast albums chart number billboard chart won awards including background creation based british film turn inspired episode documentary television series trouble followed true story struggling save family run shoe factory closure decided produce men brand divine producer saw film film festival fell love heart soul felt themes thought story potential source material musical independently saw film london agreed heart humanity bigger life leading lady translate musical theatre year secured rights adapt film stage partnered tony producer discussions potential director found writers sent mitchell dvd film enthusiastic hired mitchell direct write book mitchell knew friends thought good team create musical agreed eventually approached write songs saw adaptation opportunity work big musical range somebody write club music tunes joined creative team june project album working began work marked debut musical theatre songwriter theatrical experience having performed broadway roundabout production prior experiences works drag queens said identifies drag queens gained previous critical acclaim honors respective fields won acting writing awards acting tony writing book chart topping singer songwriter actress won grammy emmy awards songs performances noted change focus film saving factory musical include drag queens singing pass assembly line said main difference musical core young men come seemingly opposite worlds figure lot common beginning need stand inspirations ranged listening child parents recordings west story musical inspirations diverse aaron spring pop singer broadcast interview new_york_times said adapting film stressed themes community father son bond vehicles explore issues tolerance self acceptance given reading october actively engaged material cast began readings january announced month cast starring roles august producers announced broadway opening date april synopsis act grows fourth generation son family business shoe factory young boy growing london fascinated shoes charlie bored case pair red women heels attracted attention strict father years pass charlie father aging hopes charlie factory charlie eager london status conscious fiancée pursue career real estate beautiful thing charlie barely new flat london father dies suddenly charlie home funeral finds factory near bankruptcy factory makes good quality men shoes stylish cheap market drying charlie determined save factory father legacy desire run workers known charlie entire life understand charlie moved away place hostile skeptical new management returning london charlie meets friend fellow shoe salesman harry pub ask help factory harry offer temporary solution advises charlie fight inevitable got leaving pub charlie witnesses woman knocked unconscious comes nightclub woman attempted rescue revealed club drag queen performs backup troupe drag dancers angels land ordeal dressing room uncomfortable charlie notices performers high boots designed hold man weight explains expensive unreliable essential drag act charlie returns factory begins reluctantly laying workers women assembly line explodes charlie given notice tells struggling shoe factories survived entering niche market gives charlie idea land reprise invites come factory help design women boot comfortable man charlie step angels arrive factory immediately charlie design boot quickly getting women factory draws quick design boot explaining important factor far sex appeal sex heel george factory manager realizes way design practical impressed charlie begs stay prestigious milan weeks time design new line boots save factory reluctant receiving comments factory workers charlie praise finally agrees charlie announces factory moving ahead production boots thanks giving idea offers promotion accepts horrified thrilled realize falling history wrong guys day shows men clothes mocked don friends upset takes refuge bathroom charlie attempts comfort explains father trained boxer showed match drag discover similarly complex feelings fathers introduces birth simon father son arrives london presents charlie plan factory boss drawn closing converting charlie refuses shocked discover father agreed plan died presumably charlie run refuses sell soon workers celebrating pair boots finished everybody yeah act factory workers enthusiastic radical change product line especially intimidating don feel enlisting help female factory workers prove closer woman ideal man don woman wants presents don unique better man thing don don thing don challenge fight boxing match pub charlie remembering background horrified easily scores don ring ultimately lets don win match corner private don asks let win replies cruel don mates gives challenge accept charlie pouring money factory ensure ready time milan getting frantic product right angrily forcing staff considers work arrives fed charlie obsession factory breaks making decisions production preparations consulting charlie discovers decided angels wear boots runway hiring professional models overwhelmed charlie workers storms factory workers home charlie struggles weight father legacy means man soul man finds charlie tells come factory revealed don persuaded workers return work sacrifice week pay ensure boots finished time milan charlie grateful asks don paid accepting explains person don accepted charlie heads airport milan charlie leaves heartfelt apology performs act nursing home home town leaves stage speaks wheelchair bound father dying home reaches sense closure hold heart charlie arrive milan models charlie forced walk runway thrilled dedication history wrong guys reprise threatens disaster lost angels arrive save day charlie share kiss company celebrates success raise music effort writing stage found required sustained effort write songs different characters joked difficulty writing score stretch write songs fashion funny relationships people changing minds shoes song wrote opening number included wide range voices process conceive song sing iphone write blow vocal line harmonies create incidental music linked scenes songs material songs range style pop funk new wave highly personal lyrics new_york_times critic wrote plenty numbers emotional heart ballads weight parental expectations musical uses piece orchestra consisting keyboards percussion bass guitars violin viola cello trumpet musical numbers musical numbers broadway production follows song included original broadway cast album musical numbers chicago production follows principal roles original casts broadway replacements replaced january replaced march replaced march temporarily replaced june september returned role october temporarily replaced june october replaced simon november final performance march assumed role march shannon replaced july replace august return role august production history chicago broadway february chicago_tribune reported producers considering taking advantage incentive program town broadway shows october pre broadway chicago announced february june chicago cast announced production rehearsed new 42nd street studios new_york_city september began pre broadway run chicago october continued november directed choreographed mitchell scenic design costumes lighting sound music director director design team gained previous critical acclaim theatre music awards mitchell won tony award revival barnes won nominated theatre awards mitchell previously collaborated legally blonde mitchell told new_york_times everybody yeah scene cast celebrates creation pair choreographed celebration belts required repeated innovations adjustments like eventual addition safety rails actor controls apparatus designer commented uncommon repeat choreographer set designer collaborations result intriguing innovation like belt dance scene boots impressed series belts came apart moved fit context story order choreography troupe men inch heels respect belts said creating series surprises kind wild actually looks dangerous thrilling combinations stage design choreography recall team went work adding new musical number charlie second song drag club removing song book broadway debut started previews march official opening april chicago original broadway casts starred charlie porter particular singled critical praise new_york_times noted season new broadway musicals inspired movies books paper found timely treatment problems paralleled time production including chronic unemployment financial distress collapse manufacturing prior june trailed box office competitor advance sales month opening surpassed rival weekly box office gross won season high including day sold million tickets advance ticket sales future dates hot weeks following tony wins popular beginning july special ticket lottery system created fans camping outside theatre set new box office record theatre million relatively quick weeks performances faster big budget musical recent history october boots second highest premium price tickets broadway book february grossed million november members cast performed finale nationally televised thanksgiving day parade viewers commented opinion performance inappropriate family program responded inclusion parade reflected decreasing prejudice increased tolerance lgbt people society august performance marked broadway performance production toronto toronto original cast led charlie began rehearsals broadway creative team began previews june opening night coming june critical acclaim initially planned run june september canadian cast beginning july run extended november run later extended january march finally final theatre closed major renovation west end january revealed mitchell planning west end production negotiating secure theatre february confirmed musical begin previews theatre london august official opening night coming september tickets went sale march april confirmed play charlie respectively cast members including don george west end production london mobile operation set neighborhood took effort remove production west end broadway production august booking extended february october booking extended booking extended september january april extended january productions national tour began smith center performing arts las_vegas september role set played porter took week broadway production perform national tour visited home town pittsburgh august august center south korean production planned run december february art hall seoul melbourne production set open october casting expected announced cast include london production charlie joining don george open season scandinavian premiere boots september 3rd sung swedish critical reaction october chicago opening chicago_tribune critic described warm likable sentimental big hearted scaled production reviewer praised score book direction particularly porter suggesting opening broadway use effective opening number better pacing act romance charlie needs lead words clear crowd favorite musical broadway debut received mixed positive reviews awarded critic pick designation new_york_times included entertainment_weekly magazine list new_york_times gave warm review calling inspired comparing work successful recent broadway musicals like choreographed mitchell set hard times british factory town jobs jeopardy spirits need lifting like queen desert presents drag queens official spirit like musical production resembles tone finding passion overcoming prejudice stereotypes wrote heat seeking score trademark mix costumes boots courtesy big red scene praised raise best curtain numbers stop beat sent audiences dancing theater extend praise script writing sticky comes second half clichés stand naked theatre critic called model modern major musical associated_press termed big sweet love story sons families red patent leather thank goodness spins theatrical magic noted second half completely unnecessary english accents relentless entertainment_weekly said infectious score cause celebration new_york_post washington_post variety gave favorable reviews los_angeles_times theater critic criticized mistakes score establishes line saying heart right place adding weren cheesy commercial mess actually fun new_york_daily_news wrote script issues like pair shoes don fit mitchell production moves split porter force nature added surprising fun score fancy proves real star writing guardian noted decision use american actors adaptation maintained setting resulted terms accents wall_street_journal gave negative review calling imitation heart warming british working class musical gay angle ending alert kind musical dialogue half beat ahead actors score sounds like forgotten 80s review said lacks dramatic commitment false steps tedious calling dull synthetic broadway gave negative review village_voice new_york nbc turned lukewarm reviews began united_states national tour garnered positive reviews democrat chronicle funny uplifting appeal lots ladies gentleman mind offered praise entire triple threat ensemble republic countered despite fiery sex heel boots surprisingly short sex appeal troupe drag queens called angels don appeal earlier hit cage cbs minnesota summed loud proud tubular sensation toronto canada opened june critical acclaim globe_and_mail writing inspired terrific splendid fun excellent canadian cast tour force wrote boots spectacular celebration song dance comedy got enjoy summer cue dancing street said best inventive musical seen ages ingenious funny stated complete triumph best musicals seen crazy good london production received london evening standard writing thigh limit high kicking london musical calling glorious high kicking adding energy infectious time london called dazzling sassy uplifting explaining high kicks moments feel digital_spy proclaimed hilarious hell lot fun offering special praise star truly steals utterly commanding role instantly root awards nominations pre award season favorite season progressed clear revival provide competition early awards season receiving nominations distinguished production musical distinguished performance porter sands winning distinguished production received circle award nominations winning including outstanding outstanding new score outstanding actor musical porter musical received nominations win porter outstanding actor musical new_york_times theatre writer reported tony voters found dark bit accurately predicted win best book warmth boots score upset tony best musical boots received season high nominations new_york_times described critical hit season received nominations categories boots addition critical success won drama desk award outstanding musical set record winning awards history boots won season high including press described upset win woman win category creative team americans reviewer american writing guardian judged win case balance love going american musical british import tony wins best actor porter sound design choreography mitchell sands mitchell director designers nominated win won award outstanding achievement casting broadway musical category west end production won evening standard radio audience award best new musical based voting public evening standard theatre awards earned seven nominations awards second revival gypsy earned nominations won awards best new musical best actor musical best costume design trailing gypsy awards recordings broadway original cast album produced released premiered number billboard cast albums chart number billboard chart making highest charting broadway cast recording book album released years earlier chicago sex heel broadway song reach billboard club charts years land released dance remix june album received favorable review won grammy award best musical theater album west end original cast recording recorded live theatre released april | Kinky Boots (musical) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
8953_KFoundationBurnaMillionQuid | million million action august art duo consisting burned cash million pounds sterling disused island money represented bulk funds earned united_kingdom successful pop groups early 1990s recorded video camera collaborator august film watch foundation burn million toured engaging audience debate burning meaning november duo pledged dissolve refrain public discussion burning period years spoke burning admitted bbc regretted burning money book entitled million edited compiled collaborator published compiling film accounts events viewer reactions book contains image house brick manufactured fire ashes background biggest selling singles act world enjoyed considerable success album white room number hit single tardis staged performance retired music industry shortly typically enigmatic fashion account kept money extravagant productions told australian big issue writer money spent royalties post retirement amounted approximately million pounds think paid nearly half tax spent rest production costs stopped production costs stopped months amassed surplus cash coming record sales amounted tax left money later fund advancement initially earnings distributed way fund struggling artists managed new post art project said realised struggling artists meant struggle point instead duo decided create art money nailed wall piece art produced foundation major piece planned art exhibition money major body cash consisting million pounds cash nailed pine frame piece presented press november buildup foundation announcement winner worst artist year award art award decision burning half attempted interest galleries staging money major body cash old friend director unable persuade major gallery participate liverpool wanted 21st century festival involved says suggested exhibition encouraging nervous personalities involved gallery curator informed exhibition money leaving obliged pursue options duo considered taking exhibition soviet_union train united_states touch project exhibition dublin considered sooner provisional august date set duo changed minds jimmy said don burn remembers said light hearted way suppose hoping let powerful thing sitting cafe talking going spend money decided better burned weeks long bit nightmare journey deciding burn money deciding burn money actually burning money long freelance journalist independent witness burning reported schemes considered offering nailed wall foundation nation condition gallery agree display piece years refused money burnt second idea hire future site gallery extension imposing building downstream venue typical guerrilla communication style posters appear august bearing legend foundation nation image nailed wall flame throwers lying floor august new poster exactly time work burnt final solution million pound problem dramatic nonetheless foundation having decided making public spectacle event impact august touched airport took ferry island previously scene man burning ceremony early morning august abandoned money burning witnessed subsequently wrote article act observer filmed video camera collaborator burning began said felt guilt shock feelings reported quickly turned money took hour burn fed notes fire according money actually burnt remainder flying straight chimney days later according destroyed film photographic evidence burning months later revealed secretly kept copy watch foundation burn million film watch foundation burn million starts short description event consists throwing notes fire burning entire takes minutes nme wrote start agitated says doesn think money burn wet camera shows thick notes bundle containing new bank notes sealed money starts laugh stand small fireplace throwing notes fire constantly blaze large wooden stage burns hand note fire starts dim floor sweeping stray notes flames shows view outside building notes chimney november bbc aired edition documentary series entitled foundation course art footage broadcast scenes million reviewing programme independent wrote film intriguing pair rear guard action continuing battle recognition victory people art appears modern constitutes artist artist need galleries simply decide going artist said gallery owner left wondering operate lottery system secret ballot election money video recorded process decidedly intriguing work provoking contemporary work seen established galleries medium video bank notes fire obviously embarrassment poverty material artworks bricks expense material screening tour public screening million august exactly year burning feel face answer questions said duo weeks later appeared guardian pictured right announcing world tour film months relevant locations second screening city music industry convention september manchester film shown held question answer session theme rock week later pair travelled guests alternative radio station belgrade post screening discussion titled crime humanity screening curtailed escorted building weekend november film screened locations glasgow including football matches involving celtic rangers planned screening prison cancelled withdrew permission glasgow artistic community broadly welcome screenings public screening november announced newspapers record showing having occurred disappeared glasgow later issued statement november signed contract northern scotland agreeing wind speak money burning period years despite reported national screenings film organised took place planned screening announced answer questions film instead ask questions audience screenings held hull liverpool bristol london brick lane screening december previewed nme busy originally planned car park freezing conditions snow forced screening moved indoors basement nearby seven stars pub hundreds people watch screening eventually abandoned cramped conditions nme preview claimed screening film cut individual frames sold public owner film intention screening nearly overwhelmed mob people wanting home piece film continued film events literary festivals underground film evenings years initial tour august screening berlin germany dvd briefly disappeared hours later film released burning theme recurring aspect work duo disposed copies copyright debut album justified fuck going burning swedish field event pictured sleeve second album killed jams celebrated song burn summer burnt feet man chronicled movie rites threatened burn art award prize money matches lighter fluid moment accepted prize seventh press asked million pounds burn reaction analysis piece appeared observer september peculiar stories year cautioned readers peculiar pretty comes magazine going trouble believing word peculiar dot come truth took hours cash flames added looked closely real came security firm swapped time journey importantly working know capable ran story october reported notes found doubt burning taken place seen eating hotel bar leaving newspaper reported times followed essentially story october adding burning left island angry handed local fisherman police sergeant checked money banks customs pronounced genuine london told money found asked said touch partner far media returned story earnest october november reviewing foundation course art reporting tour screening million october feature quoted bbc documentary maker responsible item saying found boys depressed state shock day wake think god burnt million thinks wrong told piece times november coinciding glasgow screenings reported solid reason burning money view act represented concluded changed challenged certainly provoked thousands question power money responsibilities possess artistic issue newspaper art award witness wrote foundation award million pound artwork burning entertaining sharp art world chosen think art general view remains money undoubtedly sincere simply isn original didn blow entire life savings way artists notably guardian reviewer men dealt myth trail confusion believes burned money nuts says dealer accept ash payment later reaction following years burning mentioned regularly press relegated cultural status men burnt million february article observer newspaper insisted duo burnt million pounds wasn stunt want knew real long time friend associate group tells jimmy bill looked haunted honest listener poll saw placed second list rock unimpressed claiming owed money burned million pounds people pay creditors pull intellectual dry stunts like legacy september new film brick premiered film consisted minute shot brick ashes money burnt shown centre prior performance september million isbn isbn paperback published book contains film sessions tour includes timeline activity essays including publisher promoted book modelled publish foundation burn million asked initially telling observer couldn imagine feeling regret child ill expensive clinic cure admitted bbc difficulty decision hard explain kids doesn easier wish explain people understand | K Foundation Burn a Million Quid | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
9298_LadyGagaPresentstheMonsterBallTour:AtMadisonSquareGarden | monster ball tour madison square garden monster ball tour madison square garden concert special documents february shows american pop singer lady_gaga worldwide concert monster ball tour filmed madison square garden gaga hometown new_york_city hour special directed singer choreographer produced hbo broadcast channel day gaga date special released november dvd blu ray monster ball tour madison square garden features concert footage pre concert backstage content special received critical acclaim critics praised gaga performance onstage expressing doubt gaga sincerity pre concert scenes aired special watched million viewers nominated awards 63rd primetime emmy awards winning outstanding picture editing special single multi camera video album released special includes extra footage like performances photo gallery surround sound release utilized master audio new technology provide viewer experience watching live concert emphasis given main music vocals sung concert adjusting screaming cheering crowd release commercial success reaching dvd charts united_states france italy nations received double platinum certifications australia france united_kingdom certified gold background monster ball tour second worldwide concert tour lady_gaga staged support fame monster comprising set list songs debut album fame tour visited arenas described pop electro opera gaga tour announced october intended joint concert tour hip hop artist kanye_west suddenly canceled tour commenced days release november revision tour occurred months performances gaga concern original version constructed short span time stage original looked like frame comparable television set dealt gaga faced main theme original shows human evolution elements canceled tour west included parts onward revamped shows new_york theme portrayed story set city gaga friends got lost find way monster ball versions divided segments encore featured gaga new outfits singing songs related concept segment followed video interlude tour received general critical acclaim critics praising gaga singing abilities sense style fashion monster ball commercial success sold shows demand tickets prompting organizers add dates ultimately grossed estimated million million dollars reported shows audience million highest grossing tours time billboard touring awards gaga won breakthrough performer award partnership sponsor content special opens black white introduction sees gaga ordering cup coffee new_york convenience store escorted security black times arena watch acts perform realizes performing escorted backstage removes makeup cries discusses feeling like loser sings opening lines marry night preparing stage color footage concert shot february seen interspersed black white backstage footage special ends black white backstage scene gaga backup singers perform born way release reception monster ball tour madison square garden filmed madison square garden gaga hometown new_york_city hour special directed singer choreographer produced hbo broadcast channel day gaga date channel released trailer special youtube poster website showed gaga characteristic bra sparks according billboard special watched million viewers special received critical acclaim review aggregate website metacritic special holds rating based critic reviews indicating universal acclaim wrote visuals dancers loose rated wizard theme great song dance numbers poker face bad romance amazing hits club tracks define joy sadness generation suburban teens urban felt non concert content genuine found special similar madonna documentary madonna truth dare gave special rating claiming gaga proves performer puts felt concert overly emotional ambitious gaga stage slightly annoying compared special madonna documentary new_york_post positive assessment concert special complimented scenes footage costumes dancing describing concert madonna shows look like run mill dinner theater review website idolator described gaga circus complete control little monsters went appreciate gaga vocals fact lip costume changes commending raw nature slant_magazine critical review gave star rating positively called gaga performances outrageous occasionally fierce questioned gaga authenticity stage pre concert scenes ultimately wrote hbo monster ball tour madison square garden raises questions gaga birth answers probably radio host compared black white scenes special madonna truth dare adding lady_gaga occasionally registered brain madonna stern critical numerous speeches gaga gave songs special calling half hour express criticism concert stern compared manner gaga speaking professional wrestling echoing gaga words audience inability hear words understand particular gaga claimed concert incentive work set audience free money stern attempted debunk claim arguing gaga takes potentially psychiatric problems audience lightly urging fans forget overnight special received nominations 63rd primetime emmy awards nominated outstanding directing variety music comedy special outstanding technical direction video control miniseries movie special outstanding picture editing special single multi camera variety music comedy special won picture editing award lost bids nominations hbo received fifth total nominations special received nomination awards category musical program year video album development monster ball tour madison square garden released dvd blu ray november released digital download itunes_store addition content original hbo broadcast includes new previously unseen footage video bundled package track special edition born way remix album born way remix titled born way collection released day monster ball tour madison square garden captured camera high definition shoot blu ray edition video album presented aspect ratio grants transfer contains audio tracks master according vice president production advanced technologies associated allow audience best experience viewing dvd engineers worked mastering audio dvd described video interview rolling_stone mix achieved recalled getting producers looking specialized sound arrangements acquire authentic live concert feeling release remembered main difficulty trying preserve audience gaga fans screaming concert music primary team use compression instead audio mixing giving sound system experience decided engineer concert sound center gaga use backing audio resulting listener getting impact vocals listened difficulty faced team included converting heavy production gaga songs live format utilizing singer bands crowd house going nuts madison square garden difficult figure globally real dry thing sound added initially featured live instrumentation mixed songs number times felt needed dry mix producer coming consensus sound according mixing process approved gaga watched cuts travelling tour ask change unlike previous projects engineer undertaken mix orchestrated sound recordings placed audience members madison square garden giving new dimension surround sound blu ray length minutes contains subtitles english french spanish portuguese german extra features added release included cappella version born way performed stage unlike closing credits photo gallery included backstage footage showing gaga meeting actress according audio tracks crisp sound stated best things concert despite absolutely question lady_gaga actually singing novel idea live concert especially refreshing having sat tour concert blu ray brit live voice buried pre records chart performance united_states entered chart selling copies dvd greatest total music video world tour live dvd sold copies weeks november december held title release final appearance chart issue dated november tallied total weeks chart monster ball tour madison square garden fourth best selling music video united_states australia dvd debuted number aria dvd chart week remained position certified platinum australian_recording_industry_association aria shipment copies dvd monster ball tour madison square garden certified double platinum january denoting shipments copies fifth eleventh best selling dvd australia respectively dvd charted chart number issue dated december certified gold british_phonographic_industry bpi selling copies europe dvd reached charts france italy region certified double platinum shipment copies release reached charts nations track listing bonus content born way cappella backstage monster ball photo gallery track listing adapted certifications credits personnel credits adapted monster ball tour madison square garden dvd booklet main personnel production crew costumes makeup crew principal photography | Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
9571_VanyaandSoniaandMashaandSpike | spike spike comedy play written story revolves relationships middle aged single siblings live takes place visit supports discuss lives loves argue threatens sell house elements derived works including character names play setting cherry orchard theme possible loss ancestral home play premiered princeton new_jersey followed broadway production later year transferred broadway original broadway broadway casts included subsequently play produced tennessee california indiana minnesota arizona washington massachusetts missouri wyoming georgia south_carolina district_of_columbia critics praised spike humorous adaptation themes doesn require familiarity original broadway production proved commercial success million investment months won tony award best play drama desk award outstanding play awards plot middle aged siblings live family home pennsylvania named characters theater professor parents grow spending adulthood looking dead parents job money provided movie star sister owns house pays bills gay forever reminding adopted spend days reflecting lost chances debating grove cherry trees property constitutes orchard lot life resident house cleaning woman like namesake prone making dire believes static environment disrupted returns home bringing drama endless younger gorgeous lover named spike competitive nature begin spark arguments tries peace repeatedly distracted spike takes opportunity possible strip muscular body fifth marriage recently ended career starting stall spike career started biggest claim fame nearly landing sequel entourage entourage arrives neighbor pretty niece aspiring actress lust spike sympathy returned home attend costume party influential neighbor house insists friends family dress characters disney animated seven choosing dress told going rebels dresses evil queen imagining portrayed way prepare party tells intends sell house leaving devastated things come head day party uses doll trying dissuade thoughts selling house receives phone man met party requesting date accepts secretly writing play inspired imagined drama convinced let read reading stars takes place destruction earth spike answers text phone dismisses suggestion response launching criticizing america cultural communication media recalling surroundings memories childhood concluding intent progress people like feel lost forgotten kitchen tears realizes person spike personal assistant having affair ends relationship kicks house announcing longer intends sell play ends siblings optimistic time long time sit quietly listen beatles song comes sun characters according play parody scenes characters blender characters play named university professors share names characters characters share elements fully imagined mentioned like madame characters named mimic sisters play sister brother adopted sister title characters described like character related character marriages contemporaries taken spike december relationship says cleaning woman like greek tragedy ways like doesn reflect principal roles original cast production history spike commissioned princeton new_jersey association play originally act play ran september october play opened broadway november previews october ran january run sold january announced transfer broadway weeks beginning march original cast production association opened broadway march john golden theatre previews beginning march broadway engagement originally announced close june extended july august july million investment play closed august performances broadway house expanded play moves stage thrust stage stage actors adjustments compensate changes nielsen pierce said comedic performances original broadway broadway casts featured pierce spike nielsen grant play directed set designed costumes july left cast replaced departed cast august replaced spike following broadway run ran berkeley california september october spike reunited direct january march production cast grant nielsen september october separate production ran indianapolis produced ran minneapolis phoenix arizona produced seattle october november themes spike comedy darker elements themes new_york_times described play sunny new play people new_york_times described black comedy unhappy siblings according new_york_times play sets characters themes present day characters middle aged siblings named characters deceased parents college professors community theater character names borrowed plays protagonist niece comes sisters characters themes characters works play depicts home siblings entire lives according new_york_times character names derived country house setting borrowed work russian master self self pity plague central characters reached difficult age life path narrowed little point turning looking rewarding course critical review knowledge increase enjoyment work jokes understanding according noted work suitable audience read word likely find plenty laugh low key comic discomfort eruption smiling game self loving self movie queen noted play compare absurd work calling thinner said comfort evening lost souls noted nielsen demonstrated ability play stream themes broad comic acting raised level high art noted plays generally fodder belly laughs spike plenty noted funny reviewers agreed bit according new_york_post critic improved transfer broadway especially performance deemed weakest portrayed movie star self centered unaware decline washington_post suggested graduated written role nielsen exhibited mastery according pierce master slow burn nielsen wild eyed looks train thought loose noted character turned life performance awards nominations play received nominations winning tony award best play earned tony nomination role grant earned tony nomination play won outstanding play new york drama critics circle award best play grant received emily earned award nomination outstanding costume design broadway production broadway original broadway productions jointly recognized nominations outstanding production broadway broadway play distinguished performance award nominations nielsen pierce play won outstanding production broadway broadway play production received circle award nominations outstanding new broadway play outstanding director play martin play pierce outstanding featured actress play nielsen won awards outstanding new broadway play outstanding featured actress play production won broadway alliance award best new play received casting society america outstanding achievement casting original broadway broadway productions | Vanya and Sonia and Masha and Spike | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
9757_D'OylyCarteOperaCompany | opera company professional light opera company staged gilbert sullivan operas nearly year round toured europe north_america 1870s company revived short seasons tours scottish opera later produced productions asked composer collaborate short comic opera round evening entertainment work trial jury success syndicate produce length gilbert sullivan work followed international sensation difficult investors formed new partnership gilbert sullivan opera company company produced succeeding gilbert sullivan operas operas companion pieces london built purpose company mounted tours britain new_york usually running companies simultaneously able assistant wife death ran company death time year round gilbert sullivan touring company son inherited company beginning mounted new seasons london new set costume designs continuing year round tours britain abroad help director conductor ran company years redesigned sponsored series recordings years helped operas popular death daughter inherited company hired general manager company continued tour weeks year issue new recordings play london seasons gilbert sullivan copyright gilbert sullivan operas expired set endowed charitable trust presented operas mounting costs lack public funding forced closure company formed legacy left played short tours london seasons issued popular recordings denied significant funding suspended productions scottish opera produced pirates company performers decades stars day moved careers musical theatre grand opera company licensed operas performance numerous amateur britain providing orchestra parts prompt books hire company kept operas public eye century left enduring legacy production styles stage business continue emulated new productions history beginnings musician ambitious young begun producing london announced ambitions programme productions year desire establish london permanent light opera observer reported manager trained musician appears fact public beginning weary known genuine opera ready welcome musical entertainment higher order musician produce satisfaction wanted establish body english comic opera appeal families contrast adaptations french opera dominated london musical stage time early managing london needing short piece round evening entertainment featuring popular brought tour conducted act comic opera cox box received london revival offered english courtroom time knew composer available set music remembered gilbert suggested gilbert sullivan write music act comic opera trial jury quickly composed added royalty bill march witty english little piece proved popular great success scheme found school english comic opera playing performances touring enjoying theatre royal dublin ireland september managing tour trial jury met young scottish actress fascinated vision establishing company promote english comic opera gave engagement join theatrical organisation secretary educated grasp detail diplomacy ability business surpassed intensely involved business affairs soon managed company responsibilities especially concerning touring later travelled america numerous times years arrange details company new_york engagements american tours continued produce continental touring summer repertoire consisting english adaptations french opera act english curtain happy trial jury musical director travelling company disbanded tour found financial formed produce works gilbert sullivan works british lyricist composer teams theatre company finally financial resources failed attempts produce new length gilbert sullivan opera leased small theatre strand comic opera produced gilbert sullivan london opened november curtain music sullivan assistant words friend gilbert sullivan instead writing piece production theatre proprietor usual victorian theatres gilbert sullivan produced financial support able select cast performers obliged use actors engaged theatre chose talented actors known stars command high fees teach style performance commonly time talent agency provided artists perform new work tailored work particular abilities performers cast members including principal comedian stayed company years longstanding members company started touring companies joined group opera wrote happy family knowing gilbert sullivan shared vision audience british light opera increasing quality gave gilbert wider authority director customary victorian producers gilbert tightly controlled aspects production including staging design movement gilbert hired ballet master operas skill gilbert sullivan performers effect audience critic wrote secretly ease said living soul seen stage weird eccentric intensely human beings existence hitherto unknown comic world sheer delight ran performances healthy run time making profit sent touring company march sheet music sold street musicians played melodies success showed gilbert sullivan future family friendly english comic opera patience gilbert sullivan collaboration opened opera initial slow business generally ascribed heat wave particularly uncomfortable partners lost confidence posted closing notices promotional efforts sullivan included music concerts conducted garden hit required close christmas repairs drainage sewage public health act enforced closure theatre contract clause rights gilbert sullivan initial run took month personal lease theatre beginning february persuaded gilbert sullivan original agreement expired july business partnership advantage formed new partnership richard partnership agreement expenses mounting productions men entitled profits july day agreement gilbert sullivan directors attempted set force performance causing celebrated managed ward backstage attackers protect scenery opened rival production london popular production soon closed legal action ownership rights ended victory gilbert sullivan august company later called sole authorised producer works gilbert sullivan successful piano score sold copies soon sent additional companies tour provinces opera ran performances london second longest run musical theatre history time productions sprang america american law offered copyright protection foreigners gilbert sullivan way prevent try money popularity opera america travelled new_york gilbert sullivan company present authentic production broadway beginning december mounting american tours beginning licensed company produce works australia new_zealand effort head american productions opera pirates partners opened new_york december prior london premiere pirates gilbert sullivan opera official premiere america partners hoped piracy establishing authorised production tours america copy delaying publication score succeed keeping direct profits venture tried success years control american performance operas pirates immediate hit new_york later london popular gilbert sullivan operas secure british copyright performance afternoon new_york premiere devon organised gilbert sullivan opera patience opened april big success second longest running piece series enjoying numerous foreign productions patience self aesthetic movement 1870s 80s england 19th century european movement emphasised aesthetic values moral social themes literature fine art decorative arts interior design beginning established strict rules actors actresses avoid hint scandal performers accused companies described autobiography lingering allowed actors women dressing rooms stage men actually playing mount respective narrow sheep separated goats mother came london expecting find dwelling luxury far road took scenes showed arrangements actors actresses think theatre run lines strict breath scandal touched years experience gilbert suffer loose word gesture stage watched young women like dragon profits success gilbert sullivan operas concert lecture agency talent roster included bought property strand frontage built chose honour state art facility setting new standard technology comfort public building world lit entirely electric lights seated nearly people compared patience production new theatre transferring october generator proved small power building entire house electrically lit stage lit gas december performance stepped stage broke glowing audience demonstrate safety new technology times concluded theatre adapted purpose acoustic qualities excellent reasonable demands comfort taste complied manager later famous manager introduced innovations theatre including numbered seating free programme queue system pit gallery american idea policy services daily expenses theatre half possible ticket sales gilbert sullivan comic operas years gilbert sullivan operas written company produced operas composer teams curtain gilbert sullivan pieces touring productions works fill operas toured gilbert sullivan operas extensively example programme commemorating performance patience london 100th performance new_york shows aside productions patience simultaneously producing companies touring patience companies touring gilbert sullivan operas company touring produced company touring america production youth running new_york theatre lecture tour war correspondent productions patience pirates association australia things 1880s introduced practice licensing amateur theatrical societies present works held rights increasing popularity sales scores rental band parts important influence amateur theatre general wrote prior creation operas amateur actors treated contempt professionals formation amateur gilbert sullivan companies licensed perform operas professionals recognised amateur societies support culture music drama accepted useful training schools legitimate stage volunteer ranks sprung present day favourites attributed rise quality reputation amateur groups largely popularity infectious performing gilbert sullivan operas founded reported nearly british societies producing gilbert sullivan operas year insisted amateur companies follow staging prompt books expired end company continued rent band parts companies world patience company produced opened run february signed year partnership agreement gilbert sullivan create new operas company months notice sullivan intended immediately write new work gilbert suffered financial loss broker went bankrupt november felt long term contract necessary security soon felt trapped gilbert scholar comments agreement effectively gilbert sullivan employees situation created partnership opera opened january soon saw running weakly box office invoked agreement partners new opera written beginning partnership musical establishment pressure sullivan abandon comic opera soon regretted having signed year contract march sullivan told impossible piece character written gilbert conflict 1880s frequently smooth partners differences mixture friendship business sullivan asked released partnership occasions comic operas gilbert sullivan 1880s princess closed comparatively short run months time partnership history opera ready matters worse gilbert suggested plot people fell love taking magic scenario sullivan previously rejected rejected plot gilbert eventually came new idea began work company produced revival trial jury pirates played cast children waiting new work completed partnership successful opera opened march piece british institutions setting fictional japan time took advantage victorian exotic far_east picturesque scenery costumes japan partnership longest running hit enjoying performances second longest run work musical theatre time popular worldwide remains frequently performed opera beginning designer sets spectacular shakespeare productions designed sets partnership opera opened january elements victorian stock melodrama piece profitable relative disappointment extraordinary success closed run months company mounted earlier gilbert sullivan operas year attempt gilbert persuade sullivan set plot gilbert met collaborator half way writing comic plot guard premiered october opera success running year strong new_york touring productions run march sullivan expressed reluctance write comic opera asking gilbert write dramatic work larger musical scale gilbert declined offered compromise sullivan ultimately accepted write light opera time sullivan work grand opera new theatre constructing present british grand opera new comic opera opened december partnership greatest successes wife died married time nearly important managing company years company high production values quality operas created national international taste company mounted touring productions provinces america generally managed helen europe queen victoria honoured company calling windsor castle writing world october commented old compare performances dark ages taking account treatment colours stage cultivation intelligence quality orchestra degree artistic good breeding speak expected best know great advance carpet quarrel end partnership april run gilbert discovered maintenance expenses theatre including new carpet lobby theatre charged partnership instead borne gilbert confronted refused reconsider accounts charge great gilbert felt moral issue involving integrity look past gilbert wrote letter sullivan left remark mistake kick ladder risen wrote gilbert addressed way thought gilbert brought lawsuit sullivan sided building inaugural production sullivan forthcoming grand opera gilbert won suit partnership disbanded sullivan opera successful run operas shared new opera house theatre soon failed sold opera house eventually palace theatre closed gilbert withdrew performance rights vowed write operas company turned new writing teams producing girl ran satisfying performances revival solomon vicar played summer sullivan hall held stage april company presented new pieces touring companies continued play britain america example companies touring britain playing america gilbert aggressive successful legal action sullivan partnership profitable eventually sought reunite gilbert sullivan reconciliation finally came efforts published sheet music operas company produced penultimate gilbert sullivan collaboration limited prepared company produced music despite popularity flop closing july performances expensive production date ran comparatively disappointing performances june turning modest profit company played composed sullivan ran performances respectively closed company toured london suburbs leased theatre dark summer reopening november revival followed ran performances gilbert sullivan financial failure turned gilbert sullivan big hit grand duke men collaborated hired son assistant assisted revival guard later 1890s health declining assumed responsibilities running opera company managed theatre provincial touring companies shows period received comparatively short runs including majesty beauty stone lucky star gilbert sullivan operas sullivan beauty stone ran performances finally new success sullivan rose persia ran performances sullivan lived production sullivan hood isle completed score early 20th century left theatre opera company hotels wife assumed control family businesses london touring companies continued present operas britain overseas leased oversaw management company revival production new comic operas including princess music ran months early toured princess closed leased theatre december company fortunes declined time single touring company way british provinces took seven month south african tour staged season gilbert returning direct season included patience sensation led including pirates health prevented staging london seasons retired leased theatre company perform london continued tour britain gilbert death company continued produce productions operas hired stage manager gordon promoted stage director member company stage manager gilbert direction fiercely preserved company performing traditions detail years underwent cuts received new changes text music operas gilbert sullivan produced company stayed true gilbert period settings traditions evolved time gordon death gilbert directorial concepts survived stage directions printed preserved company prompt books era original choreography maintained addition staging added years traditional repeated successive productions traditional imitated today productions amateur professional companies died son inherited company world war away serving royal_navy according years great war company continued tour country drawing large grateful audiences helped sustain spirits people stern period helped win victory company toured north_america times beginning canadian tour found company productions increasingly return war determined bringing new designers including sets costumes commissioned new costumes worked gilbert original productions later operas redesigned sets costumes costumes retained subsequent designers interview observer august set policy staging operas played precisely original form alteration words attempt bring date declaration modified later interview said plays gilbert words method rendering artists scope new singers tied imitate successes old days main company triumphant return london season prince theatre playing gilbert sullivan operas showing new sets costumes success season led additional london seasons company toured rest year london season stimulated renewed interest operas established second smaller company tour smaller towns disbanded company ran multiple tours simultaneously london seasons engaged guest examined sullivan manuscript scores orchestral parts striking orchestral sound produced press thought scores pleasant duty error letter times noted details orchestration sounded fresh critics thought actually new opera played night exactly written sullivan hired started touring company assistant musical director company complete recording gilbert sullivan opera later known supervised company recordings including acoustic recordings series complete electrical recordings late 1920s early 1930s additional recordings high fidelity late 1940s early 1950s stereo recordings late 1950s early 1960s supervised death daughter new theatre redesigned june closed completely rebuilt designs old house tiers new seating capacity increased theatre reopened days later october designed conducted designed new productions season pirates patience designs contributed later designed costumes trial jury hosted london seasons company london seasons theatres wells included summer seasons winter seasons winter company continued tour british provinces abroad london tours included london suburbs company musical director having assistant musical director retained position guest conducted company centenary season guest tenure retired quarter century principal comedian company highly successful month north american tour new principal comedian company members participated film produced conducted september outbreak world war british government ordered immediate indefinite closure theatres cancelled autumn tour disbanded company theatres permitted reopen september took weeks form company performers including committed engaged play roles company resumed touring edinburgh christmas day company continued perform war tour london german bombing destroyed sets costumes shows cox box princess old productions cox box recreated shortly war received new production planned seen death operas took longer rejoin company hand wartime season daughter designed new production guard seen january new debuted return successful company resumed frequent visits america died leaving strong company daughter soon hired general manager lloyd took steps productions fresh engaging designers redesign costumes scenery redesigned company created new settings costumes half dozen productions settings celebrated costumes retained patience trial jury ladies costumes new production princess designed example company stage directors said reluctant update designed unit set company facilitate touring reducing number required carry scenery review times praised production continued operas noting opera remains singing better musical hear years acting lacks richly performances days worse company began new series recordings featuring green returned company war continued series successor company production film story gilbert sullivan members company cast company gave seven month tour celebrate 75th anniversary american productions company began tradition holding night evening london season later years closing approaching end monopoly gilbert sullivan performances copyright gilbert words expired music come copyright end contributed company assets independent charitable trust endowed trust company scenery costumes band parts assets cash supervised production operas behalf trust economic necessity forced closure company turned competing professional productions gilbert sullivan harm company beginning company recorded operas successor recorded number sullivan pieces cinema film recorded television broadcast productions patience supplied soundtrack cartoon film 1960s company gave north american tours new stage director hired staying march april regular london season wells company moved fortnight centennial performances beginning march 100th anniversary performance trial jury thirteen surviving gilbert sullivan operas performed chronological order trial jury given times curtain pirates following grand duke performances trial specially written curtain called played gilbert sullivan gilbert sullivan plan birth trial prime minister gave short speech highlight season new staging later given royal festival hall revival company grand duke given concert performance narration bbc presenter company musical helm conducted performances sir pirates guest princes philip andrew saw final performance trial jury regular chorus augmented fourteen stars company cecil queen elizabeth_ii jubilee year company gave windsor castle company visited denmark rome gave american tours tour conducted company new musical director success 20th century company toured average weeks year addition week london seasons strong family atmosphere reinforced number marriages company fact people stayed long principal soprano married company principal andrew march explained people didn flats houses touring life history company maintained strict moral standards referred boarding school enforcing policies behaviour stage dress code ascribed strong affection artists company unique family atmosphere company direct descent creators gilbert sullivan followed widow helen son finally granddaughter company preserved century times called unique performance style summarised combination good taste good fun tour rising costs mounting year round professional light opera government support despite generous private contributions caused company increasing losses recommended grant company idea rejected company fans effort raise private funds insufficient accelerating losses producer proposed film company performing gilbert sullivan operas backed forced close company final london season returned guest artists gave performance february theatre recording performance released included songs gilbert sullivan operas company operated nearly continuously years opening trial jury closed company productions continued influence productions companies company dame died leaving million legacy enable company revived company secured sponsorship sir later chairman board trustees bishop chairman appointed revived company general manager musical director succeeding seasons company productions nominated awards company mounted productions gilbert sullivan operas tour london produced unlike original company regularly performed dozen operas year weeks year new company generally presented operas shorter seasons season operas played guard starring company debut april touring opened london july press notices good particularly musical aspects new company opinion divided staging observer thought productions miles superior later work old better designed better lit better played better sung review guardian praised musical standards added gilbert sullivan theatrical musical entertainment remains lot visual operas presented pirates new company productions broadly traditional staging pirates marked break traditional presentations setting giant toy box toy boat company presented versions trial including heavily pregnant criticised old company fans complained betrayal legacy left season departed earnest presentations production included deeply stage floor startling surreal primary coloured angled sets distracting business generally staging considered way unveiled storms outraged critics shared public disapproval production times wrote point disappears humour critics thought time sweep away bad lazy traditions old company calling production subversive sense comedy noting girls pretty boys handsome sing dance youthful company accepted offer birmingham base pattern spring national tours summer london seasons affected initiative stage foreign time day production work chosen underworld presented toured week tour celebrating anniversary sullivan birth innovation welcomed receiving company later presented die count operas new company staged patience princess grand duke stating lacked box office potential unlike predecessor new company permanent ensemble style performers appeared productions production cast guest stars british television leading roles varying degrees success chorus orchestra new company smaller old company chorus reduced orchestra generally production pirates orchestra smaller guardian wrote pit budgetary constraints forced company write score band play sullivan parodies loses company received modest grant afloat turned private funding london seasons beginning despite lean forces company received generally favourable reviews years management new company productions met mixed reviews recordings received recordings restore music cut gilbert sullivan company years felt committed pulled years funding forthcoming company suspended productions july scottish opera produced british touring production pirates partnership reported role company took producing team played played daily_telegraph guardian times gave production stars company producing scottish opera tour july directed starring principal performers gilbert sullivan frequently use names principal refer time periods company history sudden death sullivan brother fred created role learned judge trial jury unknown recruited left company created principal comic roles operas principal comedian parts operas referred roles performers created long series roles original productions operas included soprano soprano tenor bass original new_york_city productions british touring productions soprano comic bass particularly known left company notable players roles rest gilbert lifetime principal comedian played roles tour company took principal comedian performers recordings songs operas era principal players company included tenor soprano tenor pounds sister soprano pounds tenure principal players included soprano young complete recordings operas included active members company 1920s production fallen gilbert banned appearing works britain likely continued principal comedian company wrote asking return company principal comedian declined principal comedian playing variety roles company steadily received performances long tenure company voice deteriorated later career embarked series complete recordings operas world war invited record roles instead concert singer brought substitute performers period include soprano bass estimated portrayed times tenor soprano succeeded played principal comic parts gap end replaced green time company remembered early recordings operas green tenure addition long serving principal players included soprano soprano green followed left company years principal comedian years old years included bass tenor later directed productions soprano successor served principal comedian decades stars era left company wider stage garden wells reed left company took closure company revived company guest artists production regularly seen principal regularly perform roles opera companies included | D'Oyly Carte Opera Company | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
9763_TheLegallyProhibitedfromBeingFunnyonTelevisionTour | legally prohibited funny television tour legally prohibited funny television tour known comedy tour american comedian talk host title reference tonight host timeslot conflict resulted brien resigning position host tonight january brien reached settlement nbc barred appearing television september bar performing live audience concert setting april june brien performed shows united_states canada brien announced march twitter account embark city live tour beginning april unconventional marketing campaign single twitter announcement locations sold hours additional shows added meet demand tour brien announced new conan debut november documentary following brien tour conan brien stop released june background announcement january late night talk hosts conan brien jay_leno engaged public relations conflict host tonight low ratings jay tonight conan brien nbc announced schedule change moving brien change resulted public outcry public demonstrations largely support brien brien indicated quit leave network nbc implement citing destruction franchise aired years deal brien nbc brien legally prohibited appearing television prior september began utilize social media remain engaged fan base brien started twitter account february hour brien list reached members approximately minutes later brink passing followers hours brien followers late surpassed million mark number twitter followers brien announced twitter account embark city live tour march beginning april day official website launched according brien decided proceeds tour order employ staff members format members brien staff joined tour including sidekick tonight band temporarily renamed legally prohibited band band leader unable participate tour recent heart surgery appear new_york_city shows signs venue encouraged audience members twitter use unique served tour opening act video introduction conan appeared version struggling cope loss talk plays transforms thin self exercise montage merely pulling body suit getting tour tour differed television shows desk celebrity interviews presented variety stand routine elements incorporated including video bits musical comic performers cameo appearances celebrities classic sketches revived tour albeit different names legal issues ownership rights bear example brief appearance transformed walker retitled rural policeman handle triumph insult comic dog mocked city tour appearing bit information city dubbing original audio brien introduced giant bat claimed purchased meat bat hell tour point walked onstage wearing replica purple suit comedy special addition brien performed music including disco hit survive personal parody road opening act select dates special guests tour dates festivals miscellaneous performances concert box office score data response hours tour brien announced host new cable station titled conan debuted november addition announcement television series announced hour special featuring writers conan ticket prices starting legally prohibited funny sold footage brien tour uploaded youtube fans attendance immediately went viral clip brien performance survive example received views conan brien stop scenes documentary film shot tour released june focuses production tour brien interactions fans crew brien thoughts tonight conflict legal injunction inspired tour movie filmed directed produced director college friend brien | The Legally Prohibited from Being Funny on Television Tour | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
9854_TabithaandNapoleonD'umo | napoleon née born september napoleon buddy born october known married credited developing lyrical hip hop best known choreography television think dance supervising executive producers america best dance crew choreography received praise criticism urban working dance industry napoleon grew opposite coasts united_states met early 1990s students las_vegas began dance career college industrial musicals large corporations hip hop dance company culture shock moving los_angeles started teaching hip hop classes took additional jobs professional sports dance teams dancing musical artists joined faculty monsters hip hop dance convention work introduced mainstream audiences supervising america best dance crew resident think dance later lyrical hip hop choreography style gained exposure pair career progressed providing creative direction tours live events worked christina_aguilera continued develop line breaking previously online presence opening physical store location television concerts theater occurred gradually directed stage began work choreographed contributing michael_jackson immortal world tour continued establish television madonna super bowl halftime performance choreographed music videos including pop artists aside choreography creative direction line napoleon continue teach hip hop classes dance studios convention circuit involved charity work organizations support arts life career early life education napoleon born october growing children california learned locking traveling los_angeles boy scene eventually cast extra movie napoleon graduated joined army worked surgeon assistant stationed germany discharged attended las_vegas molecular biology started taking jazz modern dance classes born september grew child new_jersey mother enrolled jazz dance classes young hip hop classes learned watching music videos participating school cheer dance teams cites michael_jackson janet_jackson influences earned american status camp got opportunity perform bowl hawaii graduated moved nevada attend communications started taking formal hip hop dance classes party met napoleon hanging dance team friends invited napoleon body building friends come casual practice session stunt work napoleon friends eventually attended formal practice session campus coach impressed work received scholarships join team napoleon started dating professional partnership dance career start began teaching hip hop classes beginning career worked including choreography job dance class taught early career creative directing napoleon college accepted dance company culture shock met members crew addition going school maintained time jobs worked las_vegas teaching hip hop classes separately napoleon worked personal trainer worked rio hotel casino dancing created demo company send event organizers having conventions las_vegas napoleon method book choreography jobs time lyrical hip hop style hired industrial musicals corporations mac eventually worked way company dancers artistic directors college graduation approaching planning job public relations napoleon planning attend medical school decided change plans pursue career dance industry napoleon married april moved los_angeles expand opportunities arriving taught hip hop classes found extra work dancers beyoncé destiny child went tour dancing choreography occurred gradually jobs included performances nfl nba dance teams including dallas november cover dance spirit magazine seven interviewed takes dancer los_angeles napoleon started teaching classes monsters hip hop dance convention joined later permanent faculty members day napoleon started cite lack appropriate hip hop dance community inspiration company early production clothes logo began yang like symbol overlapping middle word combination napoleon nicknames contrary popular belief started clothing line word nickname refer start think dance napoleon began creative directing stage shows concerts served assistant directors basics tour assistant directors tours directed known primarily work madonna host instructor exercise dvd titled drop dance video split minute routines gradually increase difficulty movements routines combined finale showtime segment appeared rock body dance fitness dvd hosted dance shows mainstream exposure napoleon supervising inaugural season america best dance crew responsible group routines coming dance challenges assisting crews needed performances took hosting duties rock reception created wedding dances engaged couples wedding party perform reception participants real life couples dance experience addition america best dance crew rock reception joined choreography judging team fourth season think dance lyrical hip hop choreography style gained mainstream exposure lyrical hip hop fluid version standard hip hop danced rap music music term coined choreographer producer reference routine choreographed napoleon song bleeding love bleeding love nominated emmy award outstanding choreography season ended napoleon directed think dance tour continued creative directing concerts remainder year teamed served assistant directors directed monsters hip hop america best dance crew live featured dance crews gave concert positive review stating crews represented good mix styles concert brought best parts stage january website launched began start online clothing sales website designed maintained design media company professional dancer colleague napoleon taught shock intensive dance convention napoleon joined think dance dancers america best dance crew dancing stars wearing clothing line rehearsals sponsors happy wanted cover logo clothing response judge executive producer decided start calling napoleon viewers looked google find store website april napoleon choreographed couples routines group routine second season think dance australia arab money hip hop routine choreographed received positive reviews judges dead gone lyrical hip hop routine performed later episode received praise called routine night added choreography absolutely spectacular said probably best routine series australia napoleon judges australian sydney napoleon choreographed television specials later year september choreographed opening dance sequence season seven premiere ellen degeneres routine featured degeneres dancers season think dance 61st primetime emmy awards choreographed routine honoring dance featured dancing stars think dance members winners season america best dance crew finished year choreography star holiday special performances new year stage productions brand expansion napoleon returned think dance season seven started work different productions february provided choreography aria hotel las_vegas choreographed guest appearance dancing stars choreographed routines contestants guest performance cast worked love awards sister productions guest performance america got talent guest performance ended appeared guest ukrainian version called everybody dance aside choreography napoleon continued develop expand line opened store dance studio design clothing commissioned print shirt designs designed clothing line owned started sponsor pulse tour dance convention online newsletter clothing appears independent singer music video bad featured dancer video napoleon cameo appearance end pronounced muse stage napoleon directed opened mgm grand las_vegas hotel hip hop dance stage minutes long involving dancing comedy magic october moved casino premiere brought stage cameo appearance february napoleon music video directorial debut song boys unlike bad dance appear video serve spring returned working television projects invitation joined production crew tenth season american idol staging creative directors choreographed produced television premiered march pilot episode actually shot september drawing million views picked series april started work film starring dancing stars pop singer relationship extended past production film choreographed music video song title track seventh studio album called napoleon involvement perfect acknowledged lyrical hip hop suited song tempo movement scheduling conflicts production napoleon return america best dance crew supervising season filming complete return michael_jackson immortal world tour like stage shows worked past directed midst professional accomplishments year christmas brought personal changes napoleon announced twitter page pregnant present music videos pop napoleon spent beginning apart madonna halftime performance super bowl napoleon shooting scenes scouting seventh season america best dance crew returned america best dance crew supervising napoleon continued serve talent scout extra role inception super bowl worked madonna choreographed music video girl gone wild featured male ukrainian dance troupe august gave birth son months year napoleon continued work pop artists choreographed music videos got boy girls generation signed years premiere debuted new stage hotel casino called spectrum movement like previous directed napoleon previous month napoleon choreographed music video jazz musician founder june recreated video opening routine season performance episode yahoo music called performance absolutely epic like video shot people cameo appearances including napoleon february napoleon teamed music video title track seventh album like video shot like gave positive review people group opportunity play different formations tends utilize formation rotating members foreground background instead keeping centre works especially shot style allows room duo work entire space set camera gave video positive review duo makes strong case best choreography video napoleon choreographed music video swing title track spring napoleon judges hip hop competition world dance los_angeles summer directed live tour promotional tour later year directed choreographed music video harlem single posthumous poetry album video premiered december features cameo appearances ballroom dancer actress napoleon choreographed music video single thinking loud october amassed million views napoleon continued work music videos choreographed kiss lips baby afterward choreographed mariah carey number residency hotel executive produced eighth season america best dance crew end year sponsored dance teacher summit clothing line appeared judges dance spirit magazine called napoleon directed las_vegas residency choreography style napoleon choreography primarily hip hop varies genres depending project working example america best dance crew group routines choreographed hip hop think dance choreographed jazz routines work incorporated general choreography emphasizes big visuals attribute past largely centered storytelling physical comedy inspiration lifts taken swing dance style known lyrical hip hop lyrical hip hop lyrical dance studio based dance style uses combination classical dance techniques jazz ballet tell story movement jazz ballet technique provide good performance lyrical dance expressing emotion emphasized technique hip hop urban dance style characterized hard hitting involving moving certain body parts independently body sensitivity changes music hip hop incorporate movement locking breaking add different movement quality conveying emotion present dance personal enjoyment lyrical hip hop fluid version standard hip hop combines lyrical dance vocabulary movements found hip hop according dance spirit magazine lyrical hip hop standard hip hop dancers interpret beat differently lyrical hip hop body waves like standard hip hop movements fluid hard hitting like lyrical dance emphasis placed storytelling conveying emotion choreography lyrical hip hop gained mainstream exposure season term credited choreographer judge program comment reference routine choreographed napoleon song bleeding love comment subsequent work seasons seven napoleon credited developing style hip hop feel softer approach means lyrical hip hop hip hop perspective dancing lyrics choreography linear technical dancing words precedence dancing beat traditionally hip hop dancing beat essential lyrics accent movement beat guiding force dancing hip hop dancers choreographer believe lyrical hip hop hip hop different separate label teaching napoleon solid career choreography creative direction spend significant time teaching classes dance studios conventions stated teaching helps choreography keeps current new hip hop social dances party dances faculty members dance convention past taught shock intensive hip hop international coastal dance rage dance teacher web conference expo teen dance company jump triple threat dance dance convention velocity zoo dance events critical reception performed september course year run received mixed reviews second signed year deal included building new seat theater space house motion ride opening met positive reviews napoleon directed shows run held mgm grand las_vegas hotel casino wrote game changing potential time hip hop dance headlined contrast criticized having bare stage minutes criticized use masks appealing casual viewer dancers personality split play tough hear creators argue suffer minutes makeup clown face replaced masks expand original concept october moved casino changes original included bigger stage new set added dance routines called new amazing described vibrant multi genre visuals sound movement april began running shows tandem members stayed flagship las_vegas took limited residency outside las_vegas australia queensland gave good review describing magical truly stir emotional response soul combination dance drama appealing ages leaving took second month long residency august casino new_jersey gave lukewarm review problem good novelty wears way bulk performance pretty offers little variations theme impact featured act variety members stayed las_vegas temporarily moved seat tent outside continue reviewed tent called entertaining fun interactive performance performed tent june september understanding residence las hotel casino spring second stage opened original title nonsense nod crew time lacked cohesive theme napoleon idea change title seven crew members light goes seven colors emerge hotel shape triangular point unity color themes received positive reviews wrote art need check change mind described mix great choreography interesting storylines special effects reminiscent wrote great different kind content ethnic makeup thriving strip stated new theater laid great view stage las review journal directly addressed napoleon involvement turning brand oddly endearing mix modern dance physical theater reviewers noted overall better wrote hang better time seamless flow themes brotherhood diversity wrote intimate feel previous shows includes increased audience participation intensified humor storyline dramatic flows entire performance observation previous shows plagued lost opportunities undeveloped ideas repetition corrected shortcomings better way predecessors good follow ideas far intriguing staging choreography strong varied doesn suffer repetition invaded previously think dance criticism napoleon choreography come result work think dance course involvement received mixed reviews worst choreography criticized hip hop like hip pop best described amazing bring ing best dancers seasons lyrical hip hop gained exposure popularity napoleon season season performance episode contestants performed choreographed lyrical hip hop piece song air routine received positive reviews later chosen judges favorite judge executive producer performed finale wrote routine deserved emmy nomination napoleon nominated air nominated bleeding love lyrical hip hop routine performed san francisco gate called great drama hip hop napoleon danced chemistry theatrical flair routine picked judges favorite choreographer judge christopher june named air bleeding love best routines seasons napoleon lyrical hip hop routine choreographed song like receive critical praise attention bleeding love air confessed giving feedback dance season time emotionally affected hip hop routines seasons brought praise napoleon season performance episode commented hip hop routine choreographed shane sparks wonderful shane sparks season brings little disappointed hip hop year hip hop routines couples group routines choreographed season previous comment napoleon choreographed seven significant criticism came season response people strange routine aliens attempt dance hip hop judges liked routine said routine placed concept theme substance dancing judges felt dance weird choreography blame dancers performance dancing routine right napoleon choreographed later season episode office employees wrote parts awkward dance enjoyable dancers stopped desk got floor contrast mediocre bad reviews routines choreographed picked judges favorite season finale chosen transform chosen seasons seven napoleon received best reviews season seven performance choreographed song mind called routine brilliantly imaginative called powerful long napoleon hip hop number season mark pulled hip hop good routine performed ballet dancer star hip hop dancer stephen boss season concept psychologist teaches dancer alex let technique dance performance alex received standing ovation crowd judges host commented think dance history heard crowd like called concept brilliant ballet dancer incredible hip hop routine emmy napoleon year don know probably best hip hop routines slight disagreement wall_street_journal noted mind fact nominated emmy unlikely win past winners lyrical emotional routines later episode napoleon choreographed lyrical hip hop routine debut single dance judge stated felt real contemporary piece honestly came raw raw space place absolutely unbelievable like watching dance film stated dance reminded bleeding love air season added napoleon ability emotion hip hop routines real talent positive reviews continued rest season napoleon routine angry called piece stunning michaels described hip hop theater episode aired dance spirit magazine wrote napoleon fire season los_angeles_times echoed comment stating season seven best season performance episode power routine danced eventual champion star michaels commented season god like home run home run home run echoed comment finale calling napoleon season routines battle beat chick bad chosen judges favorite season seven finale broadcast injury sustained mind picked judge favorite instead performed special guest tribute alex declared winner season seven season brought mixed feedback early season napoleon choreographed lyrical hip hop routine coming home veteran coming wife returning deployment routine generated positive emotional responses causing guest judge resident judge cry giving feedback placed coming home number list routines performed season napoleon choreographed lyrical hip hop routine got performance episode called routine dramatic breathtaking dance generated positive reviews judges causing spontaneously kiss response kiss choreographed dance performance episode lady_gaga appeared guest judge hip hop routines performed napoleon choreographed criticized work giving feedback indirectly criticized lyrical hip hop piece choreographed referred dance style dated routines criticized use props flower routine bow cheating boyfriend asking forgiveness props including trash cans second routine bad boys life waste management workers aside props described hip hop choreography bad boys life contrived finale coming home picked judges favorite routines choreographed got break neck chosen instead judges respectively released south_korea april united_states april exception scene choreography generally praised critics washington_post stated bit bedroom laugh inducing dancing spectacular scenes competing clubs include impressive choreography gravity moves wrote dance teams performances dominate scenes definitely deserve look bring forth unique charm watching dance movie stated rests success dance sequences plot dancing exciting innovative specific number story motivation different look feel lived choreographed literally scene dance way bed dance sequences chemistry screen hollywood reporter said romeo juliet inspired plotline basically serves framing device allowing opportunity dance sequences particularly considerable talent awards recognition primetime emmy awards napoleon won total nominations primetime emmy awards ceremony joined choreography nominees created routine honoring dance performed outstanding choreography award presented year outstanding choreography award presented primetime telecast creative arts ceremony takes place week prior carnival choreographer entertainment_weekly compiled list best performances think dance napoleon choreographed routines list charity work napoleon donated money time different non profit organizations appearance proceeds benefited wish foundation event dancers season think dance performed choreographed air lyrical hip hop routine soldier telling girlfriend deployed wake haiti earthquake napoleon held week long fundraiser online sales line money raised donated artists peace justice turn gave donations humanitarian relief efforts separate fundraiser donated merchandise silent auction held organization benefit taught classes experience held park resort las_vegas event raised money monsters foundation grants scholarships aspiring dancers worked music video song celebrate music video featured raise money red campaign decrease number hiv infected raise awareness aids veterans day choreographed military themed performance aired live purpose raise money veterans suffer traumatic brain injury napoleon board directors advisory board | Tabitha and Napoleon D'umo | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
10668_Keating! | musical portrays political career australian prime minister prime minister musical follows ascent leadership eventual electoral defeat written inspired write disappointment results federal election saw government returned fourth term musical takes humorous satirical tone presents positive image frequently criticising howard government describes originally performed musical group achieved rapid success low budget premiere melbourne international comedy festival enjoyed sold run won unprecedented festival awards directed extended company production acts new songs written company production toured australia receiving favourable reviews winning best musical best regional touring production live recording broadcast nationally released dvd november background labor prime minister australia ascending office leadership challenges predecessor prime minister interested big picture approach government engaging issues closer relationship asia reconciliation formation australian republic government defeated federal election coalition writer inspired write musical following disappointment result federal election saw howard government returned fourth term time laugh said says story appealed classic dramatic structure man struggles makes compete bad guys successive opposition leaders believed colourful personality ideal character musical theatre citing prime minister reputation sharp wearing suits collecting antique wrote weeks drawing biography bleeding heart describes piece ultimately aims funny entertaining production history originally performed musical group premiered melbourne international comedy festival low budget single act seat venue played lead role despite musical success melbourne plans end comedy festival producer partner trades hall insisted develop took tour australia including week shows return season melbourne trades hall week season adelaide festival week shows brisbane powerhouse nights darwin renowned director offered direct production sydney theatre company company production reworked musical act piece writing new songs original cast retained returned evans took roles joined cast howard says worried turn relatively simply staged roughly musical version original sense fun instead felt accomplished version original company version enjoyed sold seasons melbourne sydney adelaide brisbane perth canberra albany including run shows melbourne international comedy festival coming close august august broadcast live performance sydney centre recording released dvd november response premiere production melbourne international comedy festival met enthusiastic reviews praised musical best seen festival years age described clever funny week popular shows festival having sold fifth end melbourne run won major festival awards barry golden time production songs won green room awards best original musical score company version received strong reviews writer brisbane describing brilliantly satirical reviewer melbourne age awarding rating stars paul writing criticised musical bias calling script safe insult voted howard won award best musical awards best direction best actor supporting role following year won best regional touring production end sydney season taken box office earnings final total audience reached people australia attended multiple times believes popular politics public life today humour game says satire lot cut believes reason increased interest unsettled issues national debate question republic seen commented enjoys satire thought musical far better prime minister synopsis following summary refers extended act version musical act sung production begins introducing political situation contrasting personalities enthusiasm cricket deputy fond works right hand man economic prowess man australian interests emerges shares life story hopes gain leadership agreed deal known venue reached style deal returns bench rock ballad style queen sings resolving challenge prime remember confronts blue eyed soul style time song refers prime minister famous 1970s campaign uses fondness collecting antique motif belief time change leadership prime minister sings ambitions nation including treaty australian republic improved relationships australia asian neighbours reggae song ruler land celebrates success political life prime minister limited minor key latin tune beginning end ghost counsel maintain rage faces opposition leader freestyle rap battle arguing merits policy platform winning battle superior command colourful drawn actual quotes floor angered challenges early election refuses song wanna slowly song title refers known quote takes sexual interpretation slow funk number government contests federal election animated video report incoming results green labor wins sings unexpected victory victory famous phrase actual election night speech sweet act tune end earth refers private description australia evans complain day day issues economy unfavourable portrayal commercial media getting way larger agenda including new flag reconciliation replaces opposition leader short unsuccessful period costume alludes photograph actual posing competition sings belief leadership evans affair australian democrats leader typically played male heavens evans understated minor key nova song sings need recognise damage white subsequent australian population upbeat decision attempts use decision promote reconciliation agenda leader opposition presenting new threat howard describes intense desire power revenge petty child menacing minor key march power media presents normal costume changes attempts cast sports fan friend australian soldier farmer song implies costumes song refers children overboard affair criticism political use immigration political issue occurred actual howard subsequent election prime minister slow rock duet howard voters choose electoral polls close concludes doomed sings dreams bitterness sees backward looking message opponent country influenced ballad referring labor prime minister description labor overarching goals light hill final number historical election dramatically results come hang single polling booth theatre musical playing wins howard line sorry lost reference support formal apology people song title indicates actual win election song reprise ruler land music songs employ wide range musical styles including nova blues rap reggae soul swing beer barrel written highly entertaining academic study generic hybrid blending theatre musical comedy switch traditions myth making vol december lyrics frequently draw quotes real political figures particularly floor contains numerous quotes debates expanding company production wrote new songs adding act curtain number sweet exploration time office end earth songs reconciliation native title song howard dogs song original version evans warns political life limited replaced similarly themed beginning end live recording original single act version played sydney opera house released available website company released cast recording extended containing musical numbers featured stage green features company production original cast howard evans band consists drums bass keyboards acoustic guitar electric guitar sold copies year live recording extended version performed sydney centre audience members attended recording real life appearance recording currently available dvd musical numbers | Keating! | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
10700_Kami,Perempuan | perfected spelling indonesian women stage play act character drama revolves conflict couples women considering men wanting join defenders homeland men afraid women react having secretly joined despite warnings women mother father men prepare leave training partner written japanese occupation dutch_east_indies indonesia employee similar contemporary plays owing openly pro japanese message emphasis everyday issues experienced average people discussions play found pro japanese propaganda suggesting men join military women suggested play fact warning accepting defenders homeland indonesia performed numerous times script compiled book plot sitting living room lost thought newspaper hangs upside hands wife enters asks answers reading newspaper turns right leaves home parents come soon ask gone replies discussion interrupted younger sister comes upset tells broken questioning family learns likewise pushed join recently established air homeland refused broken engagement marry saying man certainly joined implies likewise refused join left living room mother tend child father goes read newspaper comes quietly asks help reveals registered join weeks prior leave training night unsure accept tells ask sister hide wardrobe leaves room enter doors unknown similar situation convinces hide beneath table asks sisters meet living room discuss feel partners leave training insults bravery saying feels ultimately sisters decide answer expressing approval hearing leave hiding places shout live indonesia excited prepare quick wedding parents frightened hearing men join characters husband wife sister sister fiancée fiancé mother father writing publication written sumatra born journalist man letters japanese occupation dutch_east_indies begun helping establish magazine novel stage play portrait times performed published prominent java works dealt politics sense nationalism influence environment particularly tradition ethics religion works oriented everyday events featured average people opposed earlier stories based mythology telling gods indonesian japanese opened april served head literature desk office tasked establishment pro japanese culture numerous stage plays written promoted ideals including works premiered received multiple performances year parts java included book collection stage plays publication removed scene neighbours came visit family included conversation considered scene anti climactic play title appropriate smaller change play removal names japan enemies world war themes indonesian literary critic finds romance shows strength indonesian people concludes work propaganda message women spirit want husbands strong hearts join likewise play propaganda vehicle theme women willing surrender lovers good nation university argues play warning considering considering position suggests aware japanese occupation government ultimate goal help defend indonesian archipelago allies necessary message conveyed owing position japanese occupation government strict censorship points father employee dutch colonial government suggests character protests joining seemingly order promote safety comfort home actually based understanding colonial mindset accompanying manipulation text protests conveyed implicit terms owing father fear japanese government explanatory notes | Kami, Perempuan | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
10942_TheFairy-Queen | fairy queen fairy queen catalogue number semi opera restoration spectacular anonymous adaptation william_shakespeare wedding comedy night dream performed fairy queen composed years death age following death score lost rediscovered early twentieth century set shakespeare text music instead composed music short act play slightly keeping seventeenth century dramatic conventions main spoken text shakespeare wrote related play literally critics stated erroneously bear relationship play recent scholarship shown opera ends featuring god marriage actually composed fifteenth wedding anniversary william mary growing interest baroque music rise contributed work entry repertoire opera received length recordings 20th century including let popular pieces july celebration anniversary birth fairy queen performed new edition score prepared society original production fairy queen performed london author author presumably manager worked regularly belief based analysis stage directions collaboration feasible choreography dances provided worked king arthur associated letter describing original performance shows parts played children presumably played children affects perspective staging context analysis following huge success operas king arthur composed fairy queen second music played audience taking seats act tunes played acts curtain normally raised beginning performance lowered end act act short symphony minutes english tradition semi opera fairy queen belongs demanded music play introduced agency supernatural beings exception pastoral drunken characters fairy queen presented originally act contained music work enormous success revived added scene drunken poet songs later work gentle spirits air noted subtly related action play particular act way manner night sleep act act play consists plans use power love flower confuse loves appropriate figures secrecy mystery usher night act iii includes songs real love beings reconciliation end act final scene changes garden denoting king william hobby says lovers day seasons tell marriage celebrated good year round salute rising sun birthday king kings england traditionally likened sun william significantly william mary married birthday november chinese scene final homage queen mary famous collection china garden shown exotic animals bring king william picture song praise marriage plus stage direction bringing mary china containing william orange trees stage complete symbolism music written approached end brief career contains finest theatre music agreed generations particular great admirer arranged suite collaboration arranged work form new garden opera company postwar production shows excellent effect complete mastery english style baroque displaying absorption italian influences happy lovers echoing air entered singers outside original context orchestra fairy queen consists string instruments performance history following premature death opera remained popular eighteenth century score fairy queen lost rediscovered early twentieth century works like fell obscurity changing tastes reason voices employed difficult find list singers shows frequent employment male alto semi opera voice essentially vanished stage probably rise italian opera attendant romantic opera emerged attendant tenor early music revival male alto survived mainly ecclesiastical tradition male church twentieth century american vocal music fairy queen related movements growing interest baroque music rise led pioneers movement led performances long neglected composers complemented providing way making performances authentic possible regards original music composer intentions true appear replacements led fairy queen increased popularity numerous recordings period instruments format work presents problems modern directors decide present music original play uncut lengthy savage calculated length hours decision play usually taken resolution extent music text action entirely lost criticism production directed production released video year revived company bold approach taken staging time july months anniversary birth fairy queen performed new edition prepared society restored entire theatrical entertainment original pitch performance orchestra age enlightenment conducted repeated later month royal albert hall roles role originally performed soprano later revision stated performed woman habit presumably effect highlight refrain kissing dialogue entirely clear word means context record ambivalent tenor particularly high range lighter known descendants medieval career purely reasons dramatic likely role taken presence duet male let makes probable work employed list non singing characters night dream exception character cut synopsis plot play night dream synopsis scenes provided music given act scene set music occurs left following argument ownership little indian boy sing countryside come come come come let leave town drunken poet enters singing fill bowl led believe scene based habits thomas fun settle long thought error biography mock drunken poet drive away act begins ordered eyes love juice come sky night night mystery mystery song secrecy charming night sleep silent asleep leave pleasant dreams act fallen love equipped ass head sings pleasures love love sweet passion dances entertained loving act begins freed commencing brief celebrate birthday night let god cruel winter seasons spring grateful spring summer summer autumn coloured fields winter winter comes slowly act told lovers adventures wood begins goddess singing happy lovers followed woman sings known let chinese man woman enter singing songs world world happy free yes chinese women summon sings praise married bliss uniting wedding theme night dream celebration william mary anniversary recordings excerpts orchestra milan recording mentioned cover cds music chorus cds cds cds scholars baroque ensemble cds london cds emi classics sixteen cds cds cds classics orchestra cds abc classics new english voices cds brilliant classics video stage director dvd stage director dvds | The Fairy-Queen | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
11292_Giselle | french les romantic ballet acts performed paris france monday june italian ballet triumph hugely popular staged europe russia united_states traditional choreography passed present day derives primarily staged late 19th early 20th centuries ballet peasant girl named dies broken heart discovering lover group supernatural women dance men death summon grave target lover death great love grasp took inspiration plot prose passage poem called prolific opera ballet composer composed music created choreography role intended debut piece paris public dance role dance years synopsis act following plot summary performances paris title role plot changed slightly details years passed ballet opens sunny morning middle ages harvest progress young nobleman fallen love shy beautiful peasant girl despite daughter duke humble called order innocent knows true identity help hides fine attire sword house romance harvest festivities begin local love highly suspicious newcomer won affections tries convince naive trusted ignores warnings mother protective daughter weak heart leaves delicate health relationship fondness dancing party seeking following hunt arrive village away knowing recognized attendance villagers welcome party offer drinks perform dances sweet nature knowing relationship honored beautiful stranger offers necklace gift group nobles depart villagers continue harvest festivities emerges dance named harvest queen festivities discovered finely sword presents proof peasant boy nobleman promised woman hunting horn calls party time hide choice greet shocked revelation faced lover deception knowing flies mad fit grief tender moments shared flash eyes begins dance causing weak heart dies arms turn rage flees scene misery curtain closes daughter body act late night grave forest frightened away arrival spirits betrayed lovers led queen forest night seek revenge man encounter forcing victims dance die exhaustion spirit grave clan disappearing forest arrives lay flowers grave guilt death spirit appears begs forgiveness love gently disappears join rest desperately follows terrified use magic force dance nearly dead nearby lake turn sentencing death pleads life refuses pleas dismissed forced dance sunrise power love magic life spirits return graves broken chains hatred vengeance control released powers bidding tender farewell returns grave rest peace background french revolution brought sweeping changes theatre france banished aristocracy preferred gods instead everyday people real places real time historical past supernatural took prominence sorts preferred burgeoning middle class caused great excitement paris 1830s november opera robert performance featured short ballet called ballet little ballet clad rise graves dance public loved little supernatural ballet march ballet debuted paris ballet beautiful loves james young tragedy occurs woods dies lover uses trap ballet brought french public dance artistic reasons spectacle wear white bell shaped length ballet skirt considered essential feature romantic ballet poet critic attended performance ideas touches years later set real place past example everyday people supernatural women development news article announcing performance recorded creation ballet read description thought evil spirits pretty ballet planned story settled verse called provide inspiration verse beautiful year old spanish girl loves dance warm ball dies cool morning prose passage tells supernatural young women called died wedding day rise graves middle night dance young man crosses path forced dance death book said young women died vampires assumed reason hate men thought hugo year old spanish girl good ballet story idea present ballroom crystal cast spell floor dancers enter room unable resist spell dancing try lover girls queen enter lay cold hand heart girl drop dead satisfied story basically succession dances moment drama end experience writing ballet scenarios called man written ballet liked basic idea young girl wrote story known today days sent director needed good story introduce paris public found story liked production performance paris excited opening night approached news reports kept interest alive reports said accident whilst reports indicated conductor ill said stage hands feared safety hopes ballet ready opening night postponed times absent days return delayed protect health lighting scene changes needed rehearsals cuts role spare dancer health instead returning tomb end ballet decided placed bed flowers sink slowly earth touch preserved romantic mood act finale monday june curtain rose danced lover queen typical theatrical practices time preceded excerpt production case act opera spite chief shouting orders crew heard audience great success sensation ballet regarded greatest period contemporary reviews comments great artistic commercial success praised poetic effects des wrote runs flies stage like love critic detailed analysis music thought act noted scene narrative filled new praised moments act especially mad scene music act entrance viola solo played moments thought flute music accompanying disappeared grave ballet end tragic beauty praised act peasant act followed suggestion picked beautiful girls company play peasants observer thought selection process cruel beautiful girls turned away second thought great successes tragic lovers praised performance act writing dancers act real poem charm eye thought seeing dance surprised find vision obscured tear happen ballet danced perfection places ranks surpassed expectation nature adam thought charming dancer actor male dancing performance wrote spite deserved success achieved mythological quality poses word little think express cold noble dancing suit merry mood respect bear strong resemblance goddess june september twice time period salary increased dancers sold pictures printed sheet music arrangements social dancing sculptor act costume silk cloth manufactured called madame sold artificial flower called ballet parodied october music popular writer ballet opera music early 19th century france wrote great speed completed months music written smooth song like style day called style known music lovers opera adam ballet short musical phrase associated certain character event idea adam heard times ballet associated motif marks entrance suggests fate theme associated loves loves flower test act heard mad scene act offers flowers motif heard act tells story mad scene heard act entrance hunting horn motif marks sudden surprises motif heard exposed nobleman music completely original critic noted adam borrowed bars romance miss bars chorus opera dance historian wrote stretch imagination score called great music denied suited purpose colour mood dramatic situations listen today haunting melodies composed century ago quickly conscious intense nostalgic quality unlike opening pages lies preserved valentine glory intricate paper lace symbolic floral designs age forever past brief space air violet music magic additions score adam score acquired additional numbers course history pieces integral ballet performance tradition immediately following stage influence mistress influential patron theatre inserted ballet required quickly arrange number arranged serving partner original intentions ballet composer supply music time adam unavailable light chose suite composer titled fashion music required dubbed des ballet performance tradition performances commissioned composer score new added retained performances performed departure commission additional piece ballet composer added choreographer revival performance tradition solo variations added ballet half 19th century arranged grand second music composed based loves loves variation retained ballet second variation added début occasion composer wrote music variation music departure russia added production inclusion variation peasant remains performance tradition present day variation added composed survived beloved passages variation dubbed arranged variation danced successors role variation performed outside russia paris productions staged outside russia included variation confusion time responsible composing music leading ballet historians credit author choreography choreographed original version lovers consequently designed dances paris dance world knew created dances admitted given official credit printed materials posters programs likely prevent collecting royalties ballet liked bold touches planned rapid aerial wires act afraid stage hand brought test crashed face scenery dropped writes elements dance act features short scenes points episodes dancing fused act fused entirely dance indicates vocabulary composed small number simple steps movements grand poses attitude steps steps turning steps tour tour air steps vertical air horizontal speculates simple steps deliberately planned allow parts cut changed ballet night act scene tells strange dream cut peasant slightly cut duke daughter entrance horseback today walk original production present death leave scene dies machines fly disappear longer employed utilized rise grave sink end act end act entered search took steps collapsed arms moment artistic parallel act finale peasants gathered dead cut slowly leaves stage ethnic elements ethnic music dance costume large romantic ballet time written people thought germany heard german origin makes entrance music audience known ballet set germany adam wrote said act german color indicated locality people agreed critic wrote lovely spirit subject thought dancers dress ethnic costume dance ethnic steps adam bits french spanish german indian sounding music purpose ethnic idea dropped ballet developed picked modern producers today ballet white ballet corps ballet dressed white bell shaped skirts dances geometric design sets costumes historical period indicated story chief costume designer probably consulted matter possible ballet budget mind decided use renaissance style costumes wardrobe costumes said certainly designed costumes principal characters costumes use ballet dropped repertoire revived new costumes assistant albert costumes closer modern productions use opera ballet revived scenery costumes wanted revive costumes original production dropped idea believing critics charge lack imaginative creativity sets chief set designer designed sets production specific ballet placed mysterious corner germany rhine months rehearsal long rehearsal time period time design sets acts focused second act sets act actually designed ballet adam illustration les opera shows cottage roof straw left cottage right cottages framed branches large trees sides stage cottages distance appears castle slopes covered scene designed remained model modern productions set use ballet dropped repertoire time noticed sets falling apart cottage barely roof act illustration les shows dark wood pool water distance branches aged trees create tree tunnel beneath branches left marble cross carved arms hangs crown leaves wore queen vintage stage thick branches flowers gas jets overhead suspended flies turned low create mood mystery terror circular hole cut backdrop covered transparent material strong light hole represented moon light occasionally manipulated suggest passage clouds wanted pool large mirrors rejected idea cost revival mirrors acquired scene adam thought backdrop act good weak pale liked set act second act delight dark humid forest filled wild flowers ending sunrise seen trees end piece magical effect sunrise delighted critics early productions performed paris debut dancing title role dropped repertoire ballet revived dropped repertoire revived russian dropped revived years later debut production revived mounted ballet companies europe america immediately night british taste drama based ballet called phantom night dancers seen ballet paris year play performed august theatre royal wells actual ballet staged london majesty theatre march dances credited production revived times role production preceded called met little enthusiasm ballet staged danced company danced role wells ballet took role left company english loved example different companies dancing ballet london performed russia december director sent ballet master paris find new ballet chose ballet master staged work completely memory produced changes ballet years service 1880s changes production staged italy milan january music adam dances original possible ballet staged provincial theatres known certainty american arrived paris study year returned united_states directions lee present united_states january boston howard played lee danced smith april park theatre new_york_city departure traditional ballet adaptation set ballet african americans 1840s louisiana | Giselle | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
11980_LadyGagaPresentstheMonsterBallTour:AtMadisonSquareGarden | monster ball tour madison square garden monster ball tour madison square garden concert special documents february shows american pop singer lady_gaga worldwide concert monster ball tour filmed madison square garden gaga hometown new_york_city hour special directed singer choreographer produced hbo broadcast channel day gaga date special released november dvd blu ray monster ball tour madison square garden features concert footage pre concert backstage content special received critical acclaim critics praised gaga performance onstage expressing doubt gaga sincerity pre concert scenes aired special watched million viewers nominated awards 63rd primetime emmy awards winning outstanding picture editing special single multi camera video album released special includes extra footage like performances photo gallery surround sound release utilized master audio new technology provide viewer experience watching live concert emphasis given main music vocals sung concert adjusting screaming cheering crowd release commercial success reaching dvd charts united_states france italy nations received double platinum certifications australia france united_kingdom certified gold background monster ball tour second worldwide concert tour lady_gaga staged support fame monster comprising set list songs debut album fame tour visited arenas described pop electro opera gaga tour announced october intended joint concert tour hip hop artist kanye_west suddenly canceled tour commenced days release november revision tour occurred months performances gaga concern original version constructed short span time stage original looked like frame comparable television set dealt gaga faced main theme original shows human evolution elements canceled tour west included parts onward revamped shows new_york theme portrayed story set city gaga friends got lost find way monster ball versions divided segments encore featured gaga new outfits singing songs related concept segment followed video interlude tour received general critical acclaim critics praising gaga singing abilities sense style fashion monster ball commercial success sold shows demand tickets prompting organizers add dates ultimately grossed estimated million million dollars reported shows audience million highest grossing tours time billboard touring awards gaga won breakthrough performer award partnership sponsor content special opens black white introduction sees gaga ordering cup coffee new_york convenience store escorted security black times arena watch acts perform realizes performing escorted backstage removes makeup cries discusses feeling like loser sings opening lines marry night preparing stage color footage concert shot february seen interspersed black white backstage footage special ends black white backstage scene gaga backup singers perform born way release reception monster ball tour madison square garden filmed madison square garden gaga hometown new_york_city hour special directed singer choreographer produced hbo broadcast channel day gaga date channel released trailer special youtube poster website showed gaga characteristic bra sparks according billboard special watched million viewers special received critical acclaim review aggregate website metacritic special holds rating based critic reviews indicating universal acclaim wrote visuals dancers loose rated wizard theme great song dance numbers poker face bad romance amazing hits club tracks define joy sadness generation suburban teens urban felt non concert content genuine found special similar madonna documentary madonna truth dare gave special rating claiming gaga proves performer puts felt concert overly emotional ambitious gaga stage slightly annoying compared special madonna documentary new_york_post positive assessment concert special complimented scenes footage costumes dancing describing concert madonna shows look like run mill dinner theater review website idolator described gaga circus complete control little monsters went appreciate gaga vocals fact lip costume changes commending raw nature slant_magazine critical review gave star rating positively called gaga performances outrageous occasionally fierce questioned gaga authenticity stage pre concert scenes ultimately wrote hbo monster ball tour madison square garden raises questions gaga birth answers probably radio host compared black white scenes special madonna truth dare adding lady_gaga occasionally registered brain madonna stern critical numerous speeches gaga gave songs special calling half hour express criticism concert stern compared manner gaga speaking professional wrestling echoing gaga words audience inability hear words understand particular gaga claimed concert incentive work set audience free money stern attempted debunk claim arguing gaga takes potentially psychiatric problems audience lightly urging fans forget overnight special received nominations 63rd primetime emmy awards nominated outstanding directing variety music comedy special outstanding technical direction video control miniseries movie special outstanding picture editing special single multi camera variety music comedy special won picture editing award lost bids nominations hbo received fifth total nominations special received nomination awards category musical program year video album development monster ball tour madison square garden released dvd blu ray november released digital download itunes_store addition content original hbo broadcast includes new previously unseen footage video bundled package track special edition born way remix album born way remix titled born way collection released day monster ball tour madison square garden captured camera high definition shoot blu ray edition video album presented aspect ratio grants transfer contains audio tracks master according vice president production advanced technologies associated allow audience best experience viewing dvd engineers worked mastering audio dvd described video interview rolling_stone mix achieved recalled getting producers looking specialized sound arrangements acquire authentic live concert feeling release remembered main difficulty trying preserve audience gaga fans screaming concert music primary team use compression instead audio mixing giving sound system experience decided engineer concert sound center gaga use backing audio resulting listener getting impact vocals listened difficulty faced team included converting heavy production gaga songs live format utilizing singer bands crowd house going nuts madison square garden difficult figure globally real dry thing sound added initially featured live instrumentation mixed songs number times felt needed dry mix producer coming consensus sound according mixing process approved gaga watched cuts travelling tour ask change unlike previous projects engineer undertaken mix orchestrated sound recordings placed audience members madison square garden giving new dimension surround sound blu ray length minutes contains subtitles english french spanish portuguese german extra features added release included cappella version born way performed stage unlike closing credits photo gallery included backstage footage showing gaga meeting actress according audio tracks crisp sound stated best things concert despite absolutely question lady_gaga actually singing novel idea live concert especially refreshing having sat tour concert blu ray brit live voice buried pre records chart performance united_states entered chart selling copies dvd greatest total music video world tour live dvd sold copies weeks november december held title release final appearance chart issue dated november tallied total weeks chart monster ball tour madison square garden fourth best selling music video united_states australia dvd debuted number aria dvd chart week remained position certified platinum australian_recording_industry_association aria shipment copies dvd monster ball tour madison square garden certified double platinum january denoting shipments copies fifth eleventh best selling dvd australia respectively dvd charted chart number issue dated december certified gold british_phonographic_industry bpi selling copies europe dvd reached charts france italy region certified double platinum shipment copies release reached charts nations track listing bonus content born way cappella backstage monster ball photo gallery track listing adapted certifications credits personnel credits adapted monster ball tour madison square garden dvd booklet main personnel production crew costumes makeup crew principal photography | Lady Gaga Presents the Monster Ball Tour: At Madison Square Garden | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
12087_CharactersofShakespear'sPlays | characters plays characters plays book criticism shakespeare plays written early nineteenth century english literary critic composed reaction approach shakespeare plays johnson english language studies shakespeare plays follow manner german critic work paved way increased appreciation shakespeare genius characteristic later nineteenth century criticism book cover shakespeare plays intended guide general reader known theatre critic focusing increasingly drama literature contributing miscellaneous literary criticism journals including prestigious book length literary studies plays thirty considered genuine covered thirty chapters new material added passages reworked periodical articles reviews preface establishes main theme shakespeare characters looks earlier criticism concluding chapters doubtful plays poems round book centre attention large characters described personal slant memorable expressions hamlet incorporating psychological insights highly influential later criticism influential comments plays dramatic structure poetry central themes general mood play laid later critics elaborate interpretations frequently expressing view stage presentation justice shakespeare plays found certain plays frequently voices admiration performances certain actors particularly highly acclaimed immediate powerful impact poet brutally criticised book lost influence author lifetime mainstream criticism late nineteenth century edition sold quickly sales second ceased entirely wake harshly antagonistic personally directed politically motivated reviews literary magazines day interest continued shown work end nineteenth century long death significant interest shown interpretations shakespeare twentieth century influential critic began seriously book interpretations shakespeare characters bradley displaying faults character school criticism primarily discussing dramatic characters real people contributions criticism revival interest began middle twentieth century gained momentum thoughts shakespeare plays particularly discussions certain characters ideas nature drama poetry general expressed example essay gained renewed appreciation influenced criticism ideas plays come valued thought provoking alternatives contemporary characters plays viewed major study shakespeare plays placing notable critics romantic period background january debuted shakespeare merchant venice london lane theatre drama critic previous september audience wrote stunning review followed performances including king king hamlet romeo juliet considered best performances written morning chronicle champion continue principal drama critic years hitherto unknown london having recently begun career theatrical reviewer better known subject reviews notices quickly brought public eye course preparing drama review habit reading play soon reviews came include extensive commentary plays turning rapidly dramatic criticism literary criticism shakespeare particular led considerations ways actors particularly favourite communicated message plays noted ways actor interpretation live conception developed lines continued contribute miscellaneous articles periodicals february reviewed august lectures dramatic literature edinburgh review german critic showed appreciation shakespeare kind country demonstrated ideas felt place book provide criticism shakespeare plays book provide liberal quotations text focus characters qualities particular play felt write writing career moving direction contributing miscellaneous literary criticism period needed money support family growing reputation drama critic enabled appear title page reviewer periodicals contributions anonymous customary time characters plays born considerable material worked drama reviews incorporated book essay night dream taken entire contribution round table series published november concluding drama review published january material essays exact discrimination nearly similar characters way chapters king king portions female characters july found place chapters filled rest needed complete book possibly early time unhappy way collection round table issued year promoted publisher began promote new book partly word mouth getting friend publish chapter hamlet times requesting editor notice periodical printed privately instead offering directly publisher friend printer purchased copyright publicity tactic copies circulated privately finally got book published brothers charles collaboration brought july extremely successful edition selling weeks second edition issued taylor later year edition brought boston editions appeared lifetime essays characters plays consists primarily impressions thoughts william_shakespeare plays believed genuine book kind written main focus characters appear plays comments plays dramatic structure poetry referring frequently commentary earlier critics manner characters acted stage essays plays preface essay doubtful plays poems number thirty essays encompassing plays plays discussed thirty number essay constitutes chapter book style length resemble miscellaneous collection round table published collaboration followed model periodical essays established century earlier spectator find appreciate comedies tragedy inherently important weights heavily differed johnson thought shakespeare best comedy greatest plays particularly king hamlet comments tragedy integrated ideas significance poetry imaginative literature general expressed end tragedy describes strongest greatest strength genius describing strongest power imagination works invention proportion force natural impressions subject preface preface establishes focus characters quoting pope comment single character individual life reviewing critics shakespeare focuses important including influential johnson found criticism johnson premier literary critic previous era ways valued missed essence poetry reduced common standard conventional exquisite produced effect mind translated language measured prose johnson believed character shakespeare represents type species siding pope emphasised shakespeare characters discussing english critic german august lectures drama recently translated english believed greatest critic shakespeare plays includes long extracts shakespeare differing principally respect called appears interpretations shared enthusiasm shakespeare found lacking johnson enthusiasm remarks respect want admiration easily surpass genius favourites places discussions shakespeare plays according extensive treatment includes personal impressions individual characters book title lead expect kind broader consideration credited century half play greatest charm character writes observes actions relies little personal affected vice merit merit depth love truth shakespeare presentation rounded beauty observed villain inside touched endless nights crying awake loss outraged learn falsely informed jay italy betrayed witness moment development character resolve disguise seek grows women tender scope reflections consideration general writing hit true perfection female character sense weakness leaning strength affections support incorporates material essay female characters published july comments lesser degree characters shows characters relate structure play example fine relief artificial court banished character lord discussed occasion noting shakespeare depicted contradictory human nature person manners observations steps points shakespeare set character presented characters similar types slight modifications similar traits convey certain impression human nature observes happens author works keeping separate character casting different parts relation affinity harmony like observe colour picture striking powerful contrasts escape observation use makes principle analogy reconcile greatest character maintain continuity feeling sufficiently attended character observes patterns discovers plot criticising terms classical plot taken terms action long drawn interest aerial refined principle perspective introduced subject imaginary changes scene length time occupies shakespeare weaving story threads ease conscious seemingly casual incidents contrived manner lead complete discussion argues view johnson generally winding plots think contrary true cite proof remark present play conclusion romeo juliet hamlet plays moment act crowded decisive events brought natural means plot individual characters rounds discussion noting prevailing mood tender play sees parallel subtly contrasting lines story playing mind reader author working force natural association particular train thought suggesting different predominant feeling melting strengthening like chords music far simply commenting particular characters character play focus essay characters shakespeare tragedy fundamental moral political principles actions play showed action concepts political writings day reflections revolution france rights man character type aristocratic hero presented rounded individual pride consisting love reputation glory contempt popular opinion comments characters mother wife points substantial fidelity play source translation lives noble greeks romans long passages life primary focus shakespeare arguments aristocracy democracy privileges claims shakespeare shows weaknesses nobles people thought biased somewhat favour nobility leading defects common people goes develop idea later seen radical implications literary theory claims nature poetry solitary hero monarch suited represent ways capture imagination social problems common people poetic imagination naturally falls language power imagination exclusive faculty takes thing add circumstances greatest possible effect favourite object hand language argue cause people relies understanding dividing measuring faculty judges things according immediate impression mind according relations poetry hand right royal puts individual species infinite right feel concern poor citizens rome meet compare wants grievances till comes blows big words drives set poor rats homes multitude miserable wishing single man comes forward brave cries submit mere pride self admiration prowess immediately converted contempt key innate human love power love power necessarily expressed dominate physically tendency power imagination carried away emotionally power poetic language worship napoleon later observed taken example tendency agreed contemporary poetry better human beings following year lectures english poets referring tragic poetry especially observe proportion edge disappointment desire good remained alert ways poetry express reinforce admirable tendencies following observation notes people flock tragedy public execution street theatre soon fond violent help sense power strong principle mind love pleasure tendency shown oppression lead people accept practice dramatic moral little shall shall left people poor ought slaves ought beaten work hard ought treated like burden ignorant ought allowed feel want food clothing rest enslaved oppressed miserable logic imagination seek admiration contempt misery raise power absolute thrust low lower desperate kings kings gods subjects rank slaves slaves condition history mankind romance mask tragedy constructed principles justice noble royal hunt sport death spectators encourage strong set weak cry havoc chase share depend men delight read books practice reality way demonstrated poetry oppression tendency saw prominent lifelong advocate individual freedom cause people oppression aristocracy legitimate monarchy disturbed tendency human imagination expressed poetry entered general theory poetry thoughts particularly noticed century half critic pointed odds typical critical theories poetry idea setting apart contemporaries students thought strangely neglected passage idea introduces original surely idea entire range criticism notes critic grasp originality importance passage interpreted idea human love power narrow sense having observed workings thought tendency poetic imagination shakespeare possible aristocratic bias observes traits character emerge dramatic context shakespeare clearly shows admirable example complains people instant pride expense turns arms country country worth defending build pride defence ultimately tried form balanced judgement play account famous contemporary thought like critical stance found range criticism merry wives windsor character sir appeared shakespeare plays merry wives windsor bulk commentary history plays devoted considers substantial comic character invented interest commentators years years earlier length book appeared essay dramatic character sir taken beginning school criticism considers characters shakespeare plays real people little acquaintance work careful lose sight status character play plays fact parts examined single essay conveying impressions sheer physical bulk remember acquainted person mind jokes come double force quantity flesh way fat sides laughter observes connection body wit wit fine constitution good humour good nature love laughter good fellowship giving vent heart ease answering consider mere points little actually imagination reality imagination keeps ball senses greater enjoyment freedom restraint good cheer ease ideal exaggerated description gives fact leads consider represented etc offended delighted answer openly assumes characters ease convenience word actor stage object character moral point view think bringing excellent comedian represent life police offices goes present extracts favourite scenes including mistress quickly merged consideration way characters way shakespeare characters reflect behaviour light key traits turn leads commentary heroic parts parts finally general reflections shakespeare genius character lion share discussion ends essay history plays balancing personal feelings distanced objective comment dramas history plays broader context truth forgive prince treatment prince king henry knew best according history nature times man enthusiastic explanation contributes sympathy later especially admired critic considered sketch essay masterpiece brilliant portrait comic creation imagination entirely faithful character created shakespeare appearance merry wives windsor far significant found things admire play merry wives windsor man parts hamlet times delighted actors interpretations characters thought shakespeare plays suited stage opens chapter hamlet proclaiming like author plays acted hamlet sides believing shakespeare plays suffer stage presentation favourite actor played role hamlet satisfaction hamlet deliberate formal felt play read noted time read common culture hamlet read youth observes hamlet character play hamlet speeches idle poet brain shakespeare gives reality mind reader making real thoughts shakespeare plays remarkable originality character writes thought hamlet shakespeare plays striking reflections human life hamlet transferred turn mind general account humanity character hamlet character marked strength passion thought sentiment writes sides thinking hamlet incapable deliberate action ruling passion think act focus essay largely character comments movement dramatic action shakespeare characters settings air reader consider play exact supposed taken place court denmark remote period time fixed modern morals manners heard characters think speak act left entirely set purpose point reflects shakespeare thorough understanding complexity human character criminal respects sensibility affection relations life comments idea expressed critics characters inconsistent behaviour plausible particularly advice son excellent advice king queen subject hamlet madness ridiculous shakespeare kept distinction nature moral habits men fool makes essay hamlet later extensive comparison critical views general criticism hamlet contained greater number original ideas including general assessment character view notable like reduce character single dominating flaw inability act lectures shakespeare claimed shakespeare wished impress truth action chief end existence intellect brilliant considered valuable withdraw render action lead think think time hand instead applying moral pointed necessity reader identifying hamlet understand believed occurred readily shakespeare characters reader judging hamlet basis reader saw unlikely hamlet entire character reduced single flaw provide reader moral lesson shakespeare force conform particular rules morality moral perfection character called question writes ethical shakespeare exhibit coloured morality understood human character complicated portrayal conform truth human nature morality literature observes usually found guide unsettling observer paid particular attention celebrated sketch essay entirely belong school pure character critics essay tend character criticism asserts shared romantic contemporaries tragedy hamlet contemporaries modern character obsessed evil world long escape knowledge sense suffering changes world declare hamlet incorporated chapter material review performance hamlet lane march hamlet morning chronicle march review included difficulty presenting hamlet stage seeing favourite failed interpret hamlet character adequately celebrated passages begin hamlet include assertion hamlet appear final form essay characters plays king essay king entitled simply makes references performances actors fact fully agrees lamb king like hamlet adequately presented stage actors felt justice overwhelming imaginative power play deeply affected tragedy begins chapter regret write attempt description play effect mind mere write turned major piece literary criticism contributed general concepts tragedy poetry powerful impression poet greatest strength genius writes describing strongest play takes subject strongest shakespeare genius rose occasion shakespeare earnest creations fairly caught web imagination result best tragedy best play king general writes passion taken subject strikes root deepest human heart depth nature force passion war elements firm faith anarchy thoughts finding prop failing contrast fixed basis natural affection rapid irregular starts imagination suddenly accustomed holds resting places soul given space devoted psychological scrutiny principal characters consideration function dramatic construct character perfectly conceived place play ground story built greatest truth effect violent thing affection produces pity comments characters seen isolation interact affect comparing contrasting highlight subtle differences example characters comparison begins note personal thoroughly like repeat names shown points partly reaction sister desire treat father duties partly contrast evil briefly character daughter observing psychological simplicity love little father going specific characters specific interactions calls logic passion rhythm emotions drama effect mind reader viewer flow feeling starts opposition accumulating force time manner passing word gesture repel alternate soul dazzling fence controversy mortal combat poisoned weapons aimed heart wound fatal observes explaining instance later came called comic relief reader feelings strained heart growing rigid strained excitement imagination glad refuge half comic half comments fool mind extreme surgical operation wit shakespeare remarks way second plot involving gloucester interwoven main plot manner threads story woven wonderful way art carrying tide passion varying score nature quotes long extracts considered best scenes remarks sad concluding events oppression feelings relieved interest reflections birth leads mentioning current practice stage happy ending shakespeare tragic approved authority johnson arguing practice brings lengthy quote article lamb wrote concludes happy ending living gone feelings alive fair dismissal life thing view goes lamb maintaining despair powers thought feeling intensified gives tragic strength early months publication characters plays acquired copy fascinated read particularly essay king passages added comments margins especially liked wrote play flow feeling noted term heard apply shakespeare january lecture passage great degree read work especially essay round table helped develop celebrated idea negative capability essay inspired poetry thoughts poetry ends chapter making points genius poetry especially tragedy important greatest strength genius describing strongest power imagination works invention proportion force natural impressions subject noted thoughts particularly applied line noted power play achieved shakespeare nature expressed halting broken world shall approach followed great contemporary poet demonstration greatest poetry age failed achieve level greatness shakespeare reached king strongest dramatic poetry power nature kind poetry superior artificial kind produced pope shakespeare principal according chapter notable wild extremes action violence representation imagination strained verge forbidden darker mysteries existence tragedy alike distinguished imagination displays tumultuous action moving principle writes moves verge abyss constant struggle life death action desperate reaction play chaos strange forbidden things ground rocks feet interested merely individual characters character play focusing especially supernatural heath struggles wrestling destiny play tragic climax especially interested design general mood poetic impression according method twentieth century critic writes lost sight way relief subject noting shakespeare crafting play points fine touches beginning contribute unified effect scenery sudden shifting situations characters expectations excited equally extraordinary writes excelled openings plays striking essay hamlet notes realistic effect plays force things mind represents brought home experience memory known places persons things treats considering characters importance interaction way major character behaviour helps define especially true locked struggle scotland fate commit deeds remorse thought absent sudden desperate act contrast set character strength masculine husband virtue magnitude resolution covers magnitude guilt effect exchange places action develops deeper guilt end wife enterprises want action goes mad dies characters contrast play characters plays lengthy passage adapted drama review compares king richard iii shakespeare play characters murderers aspiring ambitious courageous cruel richard naturally incapable good series crimes violence temper reckless love milk human kindness difficulty prevailed commit murder duncan filled remorse similarly evil wicked gain great end self prevents diverted bad purpose masks natural affections king notes displays human emotions swelling keen spirit triumph anticipation solid substantial flesh blood display passion play abortive half human qualities entirely lose sympathy imagination theirs tragedy imagination makes human destroys points idea sees tragedy imagination concern addressed assertion previous critics little crude violent extremes filled gothic notes think character composed contradictory extremes circumstances conflict provide extremes character retains strong underlying unity loses identity character fluctuations fortune storm lost identity person notes anticipating century argues view advanced character contradictions plausible memory great actress performance years earlier acknowledged partly successful role different portions expressed doubts success staging play agreeing lamb time composed chapter characters write conceive play properly look like man encountered sisters observations follow problem day remained believed supernatural force police philosophy ghosts obsolete concludes quoting length passage essay lamb originality shakespeare portrayal merchant venice treatment merchant venice centres character years earlier appeared jewish debut performance lane drama critic morning chronicle january sat close stage watched facial expression movement time radically unconventional portrayal rounded complex human stereotype positive review performance critical actor career performance helped alter view way essay years later admitted tended accept older interpretation character depicted stage followed centuries old jews dimensional character performance led study play closely think deeply mind passion idea true ideas person piece intense pursuit purpose presence mind means attaining old jews starting disappear notes refers portrayal jew play jew reviewers begun discover respectable figure century half later critic suggest retrospect paved way prevalent reading character revenge true ways cast favourable light characters play account according easy find simple resolution problems play entirely sympathy particularly view passage like following good man carries revenge far strong grounds lodged hate bears explains equal force reason vengeance race long habit brooding daily insults injuries temper hardened contempt mankind adds little triumphant enemies strong quick deep sense justice mixed bitterness resentment desire revenge sense wrong hardly help proud spirit hid beneath jewish madness repeated throw load oppression tribe desperate act revenge till means execute purpose turn disappointed revenge hopes exposed contempt letter law insisted little remorse pity think hardly dealt judges critics later years insisted character outsider separated society jewish represented older form justice meant supplanted christian view represented argued prevalence mercy critics maintained removed order allow society attain christian form peace view remained valid concept play arrive easy conclusions sides readily reflects characters example favourite certain degree finds admirable subordinate character observed far character critic showing interest structure play trial scene remarks essay master piece dramatic skill legal passionate sound wit irony interspersed fluctuations hope fear different persons surpassed points beautiful poetic passages concludes graceful winding play instances knowledge principles drama discussion includes observations characters consideration play major combined ideas purpose value tragedy poetry general expanding aristotle idea tragedy affections terror pity asserts tragedy makes thoughtful spectators lists life species discipline humanity furthermore average viewer reader close application experiences everyday life brings point comparing violent struggle opposite feelings ambition conscience doubtful conflict contrary continues short time chief interest excited alternate different entire change love confidence jealousy madness hatred discussion particular characters incorporates observations way shakespeare creates showing broad types characters similar differ finely ways example outward appearance characters common life distinguished women generally difference rank situation dialogue difference thoughts sentiments laid open minds separated signs plain little mistaken husbands frequently noted attention character characters partly psychological approach character necessarily referred observed real life behavior frequently art shakespeare created dramatic character particularly tragedy sense power believed essential medium poet genius operates minds audience author reader viewer imagination sense power conveying makes identify character feel way plays mind ironically weakness undermine strength focuses specific traits comparing characters real life characters shakespeare plays comparing example king interest art drama emerges obviously compares villainous character revenge popular play day especially notable characters way shakespeare slow gradual movement passion alternate different entire change love confidence jealousy madness hatred finds especially remarkable gradual alteration feelings mind played naturally violent person everyday life nature noble tender generous blood kind sense stopped considerations remorse pity till given loose rage despair act shakespeare finest display knowledge passion separately combined continues working noble nature rapid gradual transitions raising passion height smallest beginnings spite obstacles painting conflict love hatred resentment jealousy remorse strength weakness nature uniting thought putting motion mortal blending noble tide deep sustained passion majestic mastery genius power human heart character shown attachment husband beauty external indirectly attachment begins manner little character consists having obedience resolutions affections said arise nature years earlier review august ventured speculate suggestions basis truth purity nearly allied thin bounds divide omitted thought characters plays stop anonymous reviewer accusing calling character reply written published answers true woman given additional female character circumstances placed treatment character written response thought character unnatural sufficient motive responds psychological analysis exerted great influence sparked considerable discussion shakespeare knew love power love natural man know merely seeing children dirt kill flies sport fact belongs class character common time peculiar heads acute active hearts hard extreme instance kind intellectual activity perfect indifference moral good evil decided preference falls readily favourite gives greater thoughts scope actions interpretation later admired built critic later commented words amateur tragedy real life pointing bradley developed idea saw artist right dramatic artist form takes primarily aesthetic creative practical critical soldier action difficult dangerous kind artist sympathy pleasure bent stems desire finding worst thing proving match appearances later warned carrying far idea artist figure play representation shakespeare genius opposite shakespeare presents things medium peculiar genius represented shakespeare mind representation claims shakespeare original perfect plays similar ways night dream finer play rich poetic passages demonstrates author master comedy tragedy command resources passion wit thought observation considerable space characters play character play world play created dream like large product imagination setting resembles painting seen enchanted island music vessel turbulent waves effect landscape background fine picture poetry having music meaning listener mind songs conveying distinct images recall feelings connected like half forgotten music heard intervals characters like know exist drawn true natural shakespeare real characters unified fantastic creation mind texture rest provides brief sketches characters relationships example courtship ferdinand chief play purity love pretended interference interest character sense power makes arbitrary opposition quoting speech old counselor ideal commonwealth rule observes anticipated nearly arguments schemes modern philosophy special interest characters pointing arise structure play exist sum nature better gross earth imaginary power thought design drawn elements ethereal refined compound mould finely conceived contrast material spiritual gross delicate particularly interested thought character vulgar evil savage half half demon essence vulgar character grows soil rooted wild custom natural conventional learnt contrary entire natural power disposition fashion common place elegant refined feeling essence vulgar comparison conducting cell understanding nature surrounded superiority natural capacity greater knowledge greater casting retrospective light interest characters plays following year review lectures responded calling villain wanted spread anarchy speaking somewhat tongue cheek rises defence far prototype modern strictly legitimate sovereign isle necessarily believe deserved ruler shows existence raises questions fundamental nature sovereignty justice society noted found reasons society hand refused sides leaving open questions issues emerged play left interpret justice protests alike twelfth night commentary twelfth night uses shakespeare play illustrate general ideas comedy thoughts explored greater length later works lectures english comic writers according voicing disagreement johnson excelled shakespeare tragedy comedies rate writers excelled types comedy comedy nature shakespeare supreme comedy ridiculous comedy laughter gently human invites share innocent pleasures kind comedy twelfth night delightful unlike comedy artificial life wit satire shakespeare gentle comedy makes laugh mankind comic genius resembles bee power leaving sting general remarks number amusing scenes poetic passages including songs showing comedy pastoral cast indigenous soil encouragement afforded nonsense room flourish characters vastly different types welcome fit scheme house big hold maria sir toby sir cheek particularly character viola shakespeare gives speeches sweetness play quoting author words describe effect poetry reflects play poetry comes ear like sweet south bank stealing giving steps observe character like comedies feels reading parts play like seen like stage remembered having read frequently practically characters plays makes mention stage performances treating play primarily meant read strikes notable character pastoral drama presents ideal world world thought imagination action comedy interest derives laugh particular human sentiments characters actions situations said claims attention air place wrote breathe spirit philosophical poetry stir thoughts touch heart pity forest gale character embodies philosophical spirit place purely character lovers particularly likes character natural couples different places picture characters including orlando duke come share commentary finds quoted plays hardly plays contains greater number passages quoted books extracts greater number phrases manner concept play interest intended arise action situation nature remained vital reaching twentieth century measure measure measure measure frequently considered problem play problem contains character feel complete sympathy general want passion affections stand sympathies reflected defeated directions deputy ruler vienna duke draws hatred greater passion mistress isabella rigid act isabella brother person feels naturally pleading life sacrifice sister easy solution plight placed circumstances distress wish century later commentator placed long line notable critics felt way quoted characters plays establishing contention basis arguing different view play dozens distinguished critics love like general showed unlike despite reservations found admire play genius wisdom quotes length passages dramatic beauty finds occasion use play example supporting characterisation general nature shakespeare genius relation morality poetry sense moral writers morality commonly called sense greatest sense nature taught learnt greatest knowledge humanity greatest fellow feeling reviewed performance february incorporated passages modifications chapter including general philosophical reflections mention opinions says characters plays stage performances play believed tragedy engages emotions profoundly greatest kind drama based greek roman history ranked beneath roman expresses admiration fine discrimination character depiction manners common people heart different factions genius spread play like overall play presents fine picture roman pride eastern struggle empire world suspended like swan feather stands swell tide way athens satire play written intense feeling subject play play author predominant feeling mind focal point account comparison characterisation play poem shakespeare sources characters developed character time shakespeare displayed characters showed effects shakespeare characters distinctive expressed distinct faculty mind effect considered showing excessive notable compared notes twentieth century critic thought remarks insufficient justice particularly original revealing sophisticated genius shakespeare essence romeo juliet shakespeare portrayal love comes youthful blood love imagination youthful lovers stirred present pleasure pleasures experienced come life theirs hopes air desires fire beautiful poetic passages feelings youth spring blended like breath opening flowers assessing character play states play presents beautiful coup progress human life thought occupies years circle affections childhood old age histories commentary history plays offers view history plays general imaginary theme find subjects exercise pity terror prefer seeking fictitious danger fictitious distress finds appreciate history plays weak character king john comic noble character desperation excess maternal beautiful affecting passages offers reflections shakespeare controversy play genuinely shakespeare concludes verse shows certainly judgement borne later critics remarks known finer play worth noting exchange places king king steps mounts throne richard grave compares manner politics age passages finds speech john praise england penned thought second rate shakespeare plays filled fine poetry king considered character play entertaining compares historical historical absolute monarchs parts considered chapter level history plays long comparison king henry king finds occasion reinforce major theme fine discrimination similar characters acting properly stage play belongs theatre closet dominated character king richard shakespeare portrays equally commanding violent subtle bold confident strength raised high birth higher talents crimes royal murderer house comments efforts actors playing role particularly portions review performance richard written morning chronicle february incorporated chapter differing johnson found genius henry_viii depiction distress finds play shakespeare greatest considerable interest mild thoughtful cast striking passages author works addition portrayal likes king henry drawn great truth spirit like portrait hand master scene duke buckingham led execution affecting natural hardly approach author comedies reflecting twelfth night considered preference tragedy temperament asserted regardless individual preferences shakespeare skilled comedy tragedy comments comedies found sheer delight night dream especially inventive poetry quoting length favourite passages considers exhibits fine discrimination character found shakespeare crosses boundaries plays subtle differences fairy characters case extensive comparison play play felt properly represented stage primarily poetry poetry stage agree ideal place stage picture perspective left imagination case reading equal chance kept mind tells according mixed impression suggested early play gentlemen like little outlines comedy loosely found passages high spirit humour winter tale best acting author plays recalls delight favourite actors played parts including notes psychology madness appealing charm speeches wondering pope doubted authenticity play shakespeare thought ends particularly pleasing play comedy original tale noble example comic play especially character parasite count false bravery honour amusing episode source shakespeare play leads length writing justice world love labour lost thought transports manners court courts law scenes nature fairy land shakespeare imagination set imitate tone conversation prevailing fair witty learned author comedies writes mentions amusing characters dramatic scenes noble lines poetry willingly quoting length long passages spoken found admirable comedy balancing comic matter reflects middle point comedy nicely hit blends tender turning round support affections retain humanity sums simply comedies regular plot downright moral shows self got better stronger degree ridiculous driven greater comedy errors passages bear decided stamp shakespeare genius taken improvement ends detailed account plays chapter doubtful plays greater consists direct quotations remarks finds worth considering agree plays accepted shakespeare partly shakespeare accepted notable exceptions prince tyre respected defence quote length allows parts shakespeare likely shakespeare contemporary poet felt compelled add commentary plays words shakespeare poetry chapter poems liked found shakespeare poetry artificial mechanical overall work wrote plays themes characters plays argues century half criticism saw shakespeare child nature art faults anchor position makes observation poet despite pope critics theme single character individual life explores art observation nature brought characters life book views predecessors criticism greatest critics august contemporary german literary scholar critic heavily influenced believed appreciated shakespeare better english critic certainly writer wrote shown admiration genius philosophical pointing characteristic merges presentation general way approach immediate british predecessors character critics like begun psychological approach focusing characters plays behave think like people know real life vein essays incorporates numerous personal commentaries characters example account announces great affection deserves better comparing better man commenting character hamlet effect joins discussion contemporaries adding mix similar assessments observation hamlet character marked strength passion thought sentiment attention characters manner original later criticised built approach adding shakespeare presented human nature experience idea originally stated theme returns times night dream shakespeare create highly individual characters creates characters similar general types real life differ subtle ways scarcely remarkable force marked contrasts characters truth subtlety distinguished approached nearest instance soul hardly distinct ambition distinct ambition duncan real madness different madness fool classical view johnson poetry holds mirror nature began shift focus role imagination common romantic contemporaries focuses communicate meaning play shakespeare imagination medium poetry reader audience imagination times observes shakespeare imaginative construction character turn example stops observe characters breathe live speaks acts henry appears characters situations describes readers audience appreciate characters force imagination participate scene present event real life commenting scene writes know hardly passage expressive genius shakespeare actually present known different characters thought taken heard saw looks words gestures happened hamlet observes characters think speak act left entirely play exact supposed taken place court denmark comparison method depicting character explains detail shakespeare idea character fixed shakespeare shows characters behaviour view react likewise shakespeare attention merely outward behaviour inward impressions exhibited things different reflections endless combinations times shakespeare illumination characters inner life strong believed stage presentation justice shakespeare conception quotes friend argument general shakespeare plays stage thought crops repeatedly stage general best place study author characters poetry stage agree statements approached position lamb dedicated characters plays felt stage presentation justice drama stage barrier author conception audience imagination critic lamb performance shakespeare theatre disappointing extent departure vision imagination immediately detected quickly source aesthetic displeasure certain plays particular fall category stage example night dream hamlet particularly greatest inner focus strong advances idea individual character logic passion powerful emotions experienced common human nature idea developed accounts partly explaining lamb felt stage performances theatres huge audiences noisy dramatic presentations early nineteenth century laden artificial props addition sat pit easily miss actors facial vocal expressions insistence justice shakespeare plays stage frequently exceptions devoted early age drama critic stage performances witnessed cases refers frequently book usually admiration conceive performance interpretations roles drama left impressions extending ideas potential characters represented example romeo juliet finest pieces acting witnessed stage manner scene romeo banished close genius author book opinions frequently actors offer best interpretations shakespeare view shakespeare stage match rich experience reading plays acknowledging apparent contradiction plays considered especially suitable stage winter tale declares best acting author plays recalls acting witnessed long ago played scene acted painted statue life true monumental dignity noble passion worked fine classical loud pity felt pain sound wind limb properly stage play chapter chiefly reference manner seen performed compares actors interpretations character king richard entirely succeed concentrating lines | Characters of Shakespear's Plays | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
12174_Hair(musical) | hair musical hair american tribal love rock musical rock musical book lyrics music product sexual revolution 1960s songs anthems anti vietnam war peace movement musical profanity depiction use illegal drugs treatment sexuality american flag nude scene caused comment controversy musical broke new ground musical theatre defining genre rock musical racially integrated cast inviting audience onstage finale hair tells story tribe group politically active long haired age living bohemian life new_york_city fighting conscription vietnam war good friend roommate friends struggle balance young lives loves sexual revolution rebellion war conservative parents society ultimately decide resist draft friends pressures parents conservative america serve vietnam principles life broadway debut october subsequent run nightclub december january opened broadway april ran performances simultaneous productions cities united_states europe followed shortly including successful london production ran performances numerous productions staged world spawning dozens recordings musical including million selling original broadway cast recording songs score hits feature film adaptation released broadway revival opened march earning strong reviews winning tony award best revival musical time magazine wrote today hair daring history hair conceived actors met performed broadway flop hang head die began writing hair late main characters autobiographical romantic close relationship including reflected musical explained great friends passionate kind relationship directed creativity writing creating piece drama stage described inspiration hair combination characters met streets people knew knew group kids dropping draft lots articles press kids kicked school growing hair long recalled excitement streets parks areas thought transmit excitement stage wonderful hung went ins let hair grow cast members particular recruited right street said important historically hadn written examples read film clips experience thought happening streets wanted bring stage came different artistic backgrounds college wrote musical broadway composer tradition went study acting hand active member groups broadway developing experimental theatre techniques introduced modern theatre styles methods developed developing hair performed production play story young men deployed vietnam war addition war theme employed exercises experimental theatre scene later development hair brought drafts producer common friend connected canadian composer won grammy award composition african recorded composer lifestyle marked contrast creators short hair wife point children lived heard met shared enthusiasm rock roll work independently explained prefer way hand material set music wrote score weeks starting songs got life ain got title song wrote unconventional art piece later rewrote uplifting anthem productions creators pitched broadway producers received eventually ran new_york shakespeare festival decided wanted hair open new public theater construction new_york_city musical non shakespeare offering production smoothly rehearsal casting process confused material theater staff director theater associate artistic director withdrew frustration final week rehearsals offered resignation accepted choreographer took disastrous final dress rehearsal wired washington fled come hair premiered broadway public october ran limited engagement weeks lead roles played set design costume design began rehearsals choreographer received choreographer credit production critical reception popular audiences cast album released chicago businessman planning run anti war platform seeing hair new_york_times led believe native americans watched public production times joined forces reproduce new_york venue close run public butler moved 53rd street broadway opened december ran performances nudity production hair underwent thorough overhaul closing january broadway opening months later broadway book light plot realistic example written space alien cinematic director human broadway version new songs added song let sun shine added ending uplifting broadway creative team hired director built reputation directing experimental theater authors choice direct public theater production europe time newsweek described directing style sensual savage thoroughly musical verbal structure breaks narrative character different actors enjoys sensory bombardment rehearsals techniques passed involving role playing games tried process incorporated broadway script new choreographer encouraged freedom actors introducing organic expansive style staging seen broadway inspiration include nudity came authors saw anti war demonstration men stripped naked expression defiance freedom decided incorporate idea nudity plays directed helped integrate idea fabric declined pursue broadway production butler produced time butler unable secure broadway theater theater owners deemed material controversial butler family connections knew important people persuaded theatre owner venue available synopsis act nominal leader tribe sits center stage tribe audience tribe members student determined political activist free spirit cut lock hair burn tribe slow motion stage audience begin celebration children age removes trousers reveal interacting audience introduces psychedelic bear reveals looking tribe list legal illegal gentle soul sexual practices says grow things loves plants family audience telling audience militant african american carried upside pole declares president colored fake english accent says beautiful beast forest manchester england tribe member reminds new_york declare color black says invisible tribe list things lack ain got african american tribe members street signs symbolic sequence dead end carried onstage believe love leads tribe protest chant tribe ain got grass eccentric young woman appears wearing gas mask pollution air pregnant love wishes baby knocked crazy speed freak tribe link president fbi cia initials members tribe appear dressed parents job collects mountains paper notes money army man defiance leads tribe celebrating got life handing imaginary pills tribe members saying pills high profile people richard_nixon pope alabama wallace relates expelled high school returns draft board physical passed pretends burn vietnam war draft card reveals library card drafted tribe members dressed tourists come aisle ask tribe long hair answer lead tribe explaining significance hair tourist lady states kids free guilt want long don hurt observes long hair natural like elegant plumage male birds conviction opens coat reveal man drag couple leaves tribe calls gives yellow shirt ends tearing voices distress care bleeding crowd easy hard romantic hung hung hung hung cross tribe runs audience inviting tribe member pay tribute american flag fold don young innocent describes boy looking tribe men tribe burn draft cards puts card fire changes mind pulls asks tells live die tribe emerges naked flowers freedom happiness act tribe members black tribe enters great god power returns induction center tribe members act imagined conversation draft interview saying draft white people sending black people war yellow people defend land stole red people gives poster excited gift said hung white women tribe tell like black boys black boys delicious black women tribe dressed like explain like white boys white boys pretty gives joint laced starts trip tribe acts visions walking space plane vietnam appears general george_washington told retreat indian attack indians shoot washington men general appears begins roll abraham_lincoln played black female tribe member colonel called roll says couldn dance african witch doctors kill abraham_lincoln says lincoln sing praises alternate version address baby booth shoots lincoln lincoln says ain dying white man visions continue buddhist monks enter monk gasoline monk set reminiscent self runs screaming catholic remaining buddhist monks shoot ray guns chinese people stab knives native americans kill chinese bows green kill native americans machine guns kill sergeant parents appear holding suit parents talk suit son proud bodies rise play like children play violence dead rise zero zero end trip sequence tribe members sing dead bodies melody set shakespeare lyric nobility man piece work man trip says moment moment living streets know want invisible look moon enjoy light moment good morning tribe pays tribute old bed left doubts leaves tribe enters wrapped blankets midst snow storm start protest chant wonder gone calls enters dressed military uniform hair short invisible spirit says like got sing flesh failures tribe moves lyric tribe launches let sun shine exit reveal lying center stage black cloth curtain tribe let sun shine brings audience members stage dance note plot summary based original broadway script script varied subsequent productions principal roles original broadway broadway casts walker daniels franklin steve dean steve arnold washington original broadway production included sang early productions broadway hair opened broadway theatre april production directed choreographed set design costume design lighting design original broadway tribe cast included authors played lead roles respectively reprising broadway roles sang moore later played performers appeared hair original broadway run meat blues heather daughter hair team soon embroiled lawsuit organizers tony awards assuring producer commencing previews april assure eligibility consideration ruled hair ineligible moving date march producers brought suit unable force league reconsider hair nominated best director lost categories production ran years performances closing july early regional productions west_coast version played los_angeles beginning months broadway opening running unprecedented years los_angeles tribe included replaced replaced soon simultaneous productions cities followed national tours performers chicago meat detroit tour seattle san_francisco creative team broadway worked hair los_angeles chicago san_francisco broadway staging served rough template early regional productions notable addition team los_angeles served producer regional casts consisted local actors broadway cast members reprised roles cities authors took new ideas regional brought new_york live chickens tossed stage los_angeles rare productions run simultaneously initial broadway run producer declared hair strongest anti war statement written said reason opened productions influence public opinion vietnam war end soon possible west end hair opened london september led creative team broadway production opening night delayed abolition theatre censorship england theatres act include nudity profanity early productions london added local allusions minor departures broadway version original london tribe included brien time theatrical acting role met future collaborator brien hair engagement london surpassed broadway production running performances closure forced roof theatre collapsing july early international productions job leading foreign language productions hair given butler partner executive producer broadway writer producer traveled paris art circles butler described crazy guy business suit decided local language country time broadway shows english translations followed original script closely broadway script contained local references street names names depictions local politicians celebrities produced companies france germany mexico countries directing productions german production directed opened munich tribe included successful production hair opened june original australian production premiered sydney june produced directed designed production tribe included african americans brought australia provide racially integrated tribe production broke local box office records ran years language cast album banned queensland new_zealand production transferred melbourne national tour marked stage debut boston born australian vocalist mexico production banned government night acapulco year old appeared brazilian production notable production belgrade yugoslavia hair produced communist country translated serbian directed female producer director theatre featured years production received performances attended president local references script included aimed albania yugoslavia traditional rival hair huge financial success nineteen productions staged outside north_america addition named included productions scandinavia south_america italy israel japan canada netherlands switzerland austria according billboard productions million days royalties collected different recordings songs making successful score history performed score written broadway stage themes hair explores themes movement 1960s theatre writer described follows youth america especially college campuses started protesting things saw wrong america racism environmental destruction poverty sexual repression violence home war vietnam new technologies corruption politics contrary popular opinion great respect america believed true patriots ones genuinely wanted save country best long hair flag symbol rebellion new possibilities symbol rejection discrimination restrictive gender roles philosophy celebrated song conviction equality men women chosen clothing statements work clothes jeans work shirts coats rejection clothing cultures particularly world native americans represented awareness global community rejection simple cotton dresses natural rejection return natural things simpler times wore old world war civil war jackets way opting symbols war newfound philosophy race tribe extending set boat hair opened broadway musical racial integration fully cast african american roles black members tribe portrayed equals breaking away traditional roles blacks entertainment slaves servants magazine article declared biggest outlet black actors history stage songs scenes address racial issues colored introduces character militant black male long list racial jungle little black topped declaration president united_states love end song tells tribe man tribe pretends frightened dead end sung black tribe members list street signs symbolize black frustration tribe protest chants think great bomb lynch black boys white boys struck laws practice tribe protest chants black white yellow red king sized bed baby act trip sequence african witch doctors killed american historical cultural fictional characters sing praises abraham_lincoln portrayed black female tribe member decide kill song contains stereotypical language black characters old movies like finished chickens free thanks master lincoln lincoln character modernized version address white female tribe member lincoln shoes blond hair references native americans script anti focus movement hair characters referred tribe borrowing term native american communities cast production chooses tribal practice entire cast work like work single organism sense family belonging responsibility loyalty inherent word tribe felt cast enhance feeling cast sensitivity exercises based trust touching listening intensive examination broke barriers cast crew encouraged bonding exercises based techniques developed idea living 1960s concept tribe nudity sexual freedom drug use brief nude scene end act subject controversy notoriety miller writes nudity big culture rejection sexual repression parents statement spirituality honesty freedom naked body beautiful celebrated appreciated hidden saw bodies sexuality gifts dirty things hair sexual freedom variety ways addition acceptance mentioned characters lifestyle acts sexually politically charged explained love element peace movement song join holy end act tribe members reveal free love tendencies forth sleep night crush way embrace turns kiss illegal drugs taken characters course notably trip sequence song walking space begins sequence lyrics celebrate experience declaring dare try end beauty dive sensation eyes open wide wide wide similarly song sings evolving drugs point marijuana dismisses critics pot generally tribe favors mind expanding drugs marijuana drugs speed example revealing pregnant speed freak says bad scene song provides list illegal legal including cocaine alcohol theme opposition war unified plot thread progresses book moral dilemma burn draft card explored extended trip sequence act lyrics zero zero sung sequence evoke war ripped open metal explosion song based poem vortex poem general reports press number enemy soldiers killed month repeating digit digit effect zero zero song begins images death dying turns dance number echoing glee reporting enemy casualties tribe chants weapons begin kill song includes repeated phrase prisoners dirty little war don patriotism people literally crazy american flag hare krishna praises peace movement events like san_francisco tribe chants popular protest like want peace want enter induction center upbeat song let sun shine action reject darkness war change world better hair aims satire pollution caused civilization appears trap door stage wearing gas mask sings song air welcome dioxide hello carbon air suggests pollution eventually kill stone tomb breathing like comic pro green vein introduces explains grows things like corn sweet loves flowers trees religion religion particularly catholicism appears overtly symbolically piece joke sings looking giving double meaning woman searching madonna hymn like dirty sex cast strikes evocative religious positions christ cross song modified act gives imaginary pills famous figures offers pope going kicked school compares like angel fell banished forever hell today expelled high school heaven classic christ figure points script act enters saying son god shall forgotten gives tribe audience suffers end act asks allusions cross end chosen life seen john baptist figure preparing way songs like good morning reflect 1960s cultural interest cosmic concepts result research sign company consulted casting usually played leo original consulted deciding open broadway cities reported chose april broadway premiere 29th moon high indicating people attend masses position history makers 10th house unique powerful money maker fact neptune hair develop reputation involving sex mexico pick opening date closed government night pleased date boston opening producers sued content saying opposition naughty saturn opens day sun eclipse terrible safe time near future literary themes symbolism hair makes references shakespeare plays especially romeo juliet hamlet times takes lyrical material directly shakespeare example lyrics song piece work man hamlet scene portions flesh failures rest silence hamlet final lines flesh failures let sun shine lyrics eyes look arms embrace lips doors breath seal kiss romeo juliet iii according miller romeo suicide imagery makes point war killing symbolically running plot especially resistance burning draft card ultimately causes demise seen parallel hamlet melancholy symbolism carried scene appears spirit friends wearing army uniform ironic echo earlier scene says know want invisible according director hair hamlet center brilliant men struggle find place world marred war violence politics possibilities realities human end unable effectively combat evil literary references include song zero zero based poem vortex psychedelic drug trip sequence portrayal gone wind activist african american poet introduction published script says performance action event key terms theatre terms literary 1950s broadway theaters began experimenting non traditional theater roles lines playwright director actor playwright job words page create theatrical experience based central idea theaters actively plays scenes crafted rehearsal space following traditional script hair created process scenes connected ways scene built scene connected psychologically previous scene actors asked switch roles middle frequently mid scene stage directions senate hearing scene terry wrote actors turns senators witnesses abrupt total actor finished character actor hair designed way broadway director involved experimental theatre movement transition broadway writers rearranged scenes increase experimental aspects hair asks actors assume different characters course piece psychedelic trip act scene hair include rock music borrowed heavily mass media frequently break invisible fourth wall interact audience example opening number tribe audience members end audience invited stage production design original broadway production stage completely open curtain fly area grid exposed audience arch outlined climb ready wagner spare set painted shades grey street graffiti stage stage tower abstract rear merged native american pole modern sculpture shaped tree decorated found objects cast gathered streets new_york included life size bus driver head jesus neon movie theater costumes based street clothes theatrical enhanced color texture included mixed parts military uniforms bell jeans ukrainian tie dyed shirts red white blue fringed coat early productions primarily basic design nude scene written scene silly wrote high fidelity scene inspired men took clothes police informal anti war gathering stage covered giant beneath choosing participate scene removed clothes musical cue stood naked bodies fisher light projection floral patterns chant flowers freedom happiness lasted seconds scene happened quickly lit prompted interval london preview happen notice jewish scene prompted threats censorship violent reactions places fodder pop cultural jokes gon called theater said tickets apiece told went bathroom took clothes looked length mirror called theater said forget nudity optional performers french cast foreign groups london cast found nudity hardest achieve swedish cast reluctant copenhagen tribe thought nudity decided walk naked aisle prelude early performances germans played scene big sheet labeled censored original broadway cast member said dead set nude scene remembered acting teacher having said acting private public according doesn mean want mean value clothing like people german production said meant sexual stood naked comment fact society makes nudity killing said naked audience soul soul body exposed honest necessary music studying music incorporated african rhythms score hair listened called characteristic beat similar rock deeper hair african lot rhythms tunes stress beats unexpected syllables influence heard songs like piece work man ain got grass said idea total funk said wanted rock roll translated funk funk evident score notably songs like colored walking space claimed songs got different styles like think little different music hair runs rock don folk rock rhythms piece work man easy hard pure rhythm blues protest rock anthems ain got flesh failures acid rock walking space balanced mainstream pop good morning ties music hair political themes determined create art people chosen art form rock folk music definition populist music angry anger directed prostitute constitution sell america america stood words directed parents government theatre historian explains application rock music medium stage hard rock sound conquered world popular music way musical stage simultaneous hits thing hair explosion revolutionary profanity hard rock shook musical theatre roots people theatre business unwilling look hair noisy accident tony voters tried ignore hair importance shutting honors insisted time change new_york_times critic hair broadway musical time authentic voice today day yesterday music remarked songs laundry lists walked production hear beat called music said hair version going writing high fidelity claimed john_lennon found dull wrote know musician thinks good songs score songs typical broadway shows day broadway shows songs act hair total list reflects common broadway lineup perpetual write thirteen songs added production broadway including believe love climax dead end cut productions standing bed present previews cut broadway speech piece work man originally spoken broadway formed early speech subsequent productions included hello dead end life song originally written film included productions europe 1990s broadway revival included second franklin great god power songs cut original production recordings recording hair featuring broadway cast original broadway cast recording received original cast album sold nearly million copies december new_york_times noted cast album hair middle classes exotic orange green cover art instantly pop rock classic like good pop appeal particular tastes genre period london revival cast album contains new music incorporated standard rental version released album songs written saw varying amounts stage time songs cut public broadway left original cast album space performed onstage songs hair recorded numerous artists including good morning sung episode street cast member versions artists recorded artists varied recorded contributed versions easy hard hair helped launch recording careers performers score hair saw chart successes 5th dimension released let sunshine won record year topped charts weeks recording title song hair climbed oliver rendition good morning reached dog night version easy hard went medley ain got got life reached british charts announced played frequently radio television song year productions england germany france sweden japan israel netherlands australia released cast albums vocal instrumental performances individual songs hair recorded broad attention paid recordings hair unprecedented bidding war willing pay record broadway adaptation gentlemen revival recording released june debuted billboard cast album chart qualifying highest debuting album history critical reception reception hair broadway premiere exceptions overwhelmingly positive barnes wrote new_york_times likable hair think simply likable new fresh connor wall street journal said defiant production explodes new_york_post wrote surprising charm high spirits young makes difficult resist television reviews enthusiastic abc said actors talented directed wonderfully wild fashion nbc said hair new concept musicals broadway years fun season praised dynamic score cbs said finally found best musical broadway season sloppy vulgar terrific tribal love rock musical hair reviewer variety hand called story form music dancing beauty impossible tell cast talent maybe talent irrelevant new kind business reviews news mixed newsweek wrote denying sheer drive new hair hard slightly corrupt like gone reviewer time wrote crippled musical like fish swim reviews mixed hair opened london times wrote honesty passion quality true theatrical celebration sound group people telling world exactly feel agreed hair wildly enjoyable evening thoroughly moral final review retiring years year old daily_telegraph wrote tried hard found evening complete bore noisy ugly desperately funny acknowledging critics wrote people past appearance chaos brilliant construction sophisticated imagery underneath miller notes lyrics rhyme songs didn endings slowing stopping audience didn know rejected convention broadway traditional theatre general american musical specific brilliant awards nominations social change hair challenged norms held western society inspired painting depicting strands hair reaction restrictions civilization preference remembers long hair visible form awareness consciousness expansion longer hair got expansive mind long hair shocking revolutionary act grow long hair kind flag musical caused controversy staged act finale time broadway seen totally naked actors actresses charged american flag use language controversies addition anti vietnam war theme attracted occasional threats acts violence early years basis legal actions opened cities tour cases eventually reached legal challenges violent reactions touring company hair met resistance united_states indiana morris civic auditorium refused booking indiana production church groups indianapolis indiana producers difficulty securing theater city authorities suggested cast wear body compromise city ordinance prohibiting publicly displayed nudity productions frequently confronted closure theaters fire marshal texas refusal allow play shown city owned memorial auditorium later found unlawful prior restraint legal challenges boston production appealed chief took exception portrayal american flag piece saying flag scene removed opening district attorney office began plans stop claiming actions taking place onstage hair legal team obtained injunction criminal prosecution appealed request parties justices viewed production handed ruling member cast clothed reasonable extent cast played scene nude later night stating ruling vague effect day april production closed movie houses fearing ruling nudity began scenes films exhibition federal bench reversed massachusetts court ruling appealed case decision court upheld lower court decision allowing hair open april bomb thrown exterior theater cleveland ohio housing production bouncing shattering windows building nearby month families cast member stage manager died fire cleveland hotel members troupe staying sydney australia production opening night interrupted bomb scare june worldwide reactions local reactions controversial material varied greatly san_francisco large population considered extension street activities barrier art life cast frequently finding onstage year old princess anne seen dancing onstage london attended minnesota protesting clergyman released white mice lobby hoping audience dubbing lunar module song walked production protest perceived anti flag acapulco mexico production hair directed played night performance theater located street popular local government said production detrimental morals youth cast arrested soon performance taken immigration agreed leave country legal complications forced hiding expelled mexico days later hair effectively marked end stage censorship united_kingdom london stage censor lord chamberlain originally refused license musical opening delayed parliament passed bill stripping licensing power munich authorities threatened close production nude scene remained local hair spokesman declared relatives marched nude authorities relented bergen norway local citizens formed human try prevent performance production encountered little controversy cast nude scene according nudity common stage paris paris occasional opposition member local portable loud speaker audience halt presentation 1960s 1970s broadway revival hair opened run performances produced butler directed performed original broadway production played cast included left ensemble previews role tour reviews generally negative critics accused production showing gray major hair followed early 1990s movie version hair screenplay directed released filmed primarily new_york_city cast includes golden songs deleted film storyline departs significantly musical character rewritten innocent oklahoma newly arrived new_york join military high society catches eye greatest diversion stage version mistake leads vietnam place killed unhappy film feeling portrayed sort connection peace movement failing capture essence original stage production stated resemblance film original version songs names characters common title view screen version hair produced film received generally favorable reviews writing new_york_times called musical memoir hair funnier remember having provide time space development characters stage express entirely song entire cast superb film delight 1980s 1990s 20th anniversary concert event held benefit children aids event sponsored lady giving night opening introduction reunited write new songs concert cast actors included stars productions globe guest performers ticket prices ranged proceeds went aids production hair mounted montreal reportedly professional production musical november produced hair chicago celebrate shows 20th anniversary production received ran february ran national tour hair included stops south_carolina georgia tennessee kentucky died continued write new songs 1990s staged siege appeal peace directed million city national tour featured actor returning oversee music tour celebrated 25th anniversary small bus truck production hair toured europe years directed european productions production opened australia short lived london revival starring opened old london directed london production faithful original member production staff said reason tribe consisted children didn productions mounted world including south_africa banned butler brought month long production chicago employing professional troupe residence butler ran concurrently echoing time chicago 30th anniversary broadway production staged eye directed 2000s 2010s reprise theatre company los_angeles performed hair theatre starring year concert ended city center season production hair starring featuring hair composer stage playing keyboards actors fund benefit performed night new_york_city tribe included london production opened gate theatre directed approved musical script place context iraq war instead vietnam war modernized interpretation included sung times square nudity called mind images march collaborated director production hair toronto revival produced toured south_africa directed choreography ran theatre bay cape town week run played puerto_rico march directed produced hair los_angeles september december directed choreographed musical direction son butler production hair won nights september joe pub presented 40th anniversary production hair concert version directed featured stage keyboards cast included actors original broadway production joined cast stage encore let sun shine demand overwhelming long lines overnight waits tickets far exceeded productions children starring months later presented fully staged production hair limited run july september directed choreography returned concert cast played august reviews generally positive new_york_times writing production establishes period piece hair deeper roots remembered time magazine wrote hair reclaimed great musical theatre history today hair daring broadway revival production transferred broadway beginning previews march official opening march directed choreographed cast returned production park pre performance ticket lottery held nightly box seat tickets opening cast included mom designers included sets costumes lighting critical response uniformly positive new_york_daily_news headline proclaimed hair revival high fun review praised daring direction choreography technical accomplishments especially lighting smile inducing celebration life freedom hair highly warning seated aisle count cast face lap new_york_post wrote production emerged triumphant days nation war economy result scenes ones kids reject rat race variety director talented cast connect material ways cut right rock musical heart generating tremendous energy mere nostalgia instead happening explosive production doesn stir time check pulse boston_globe saying production felt revival feels naive writing new_york_times reflected majority delivering glowing review having moved indoors broadway young cast members signs contrary tearing house emotionally rich revival delivers broadway hasn felt season intense joy polar state called youth happy choreography group mass looks invented spot intelligent form finds depths character feeling kids frightened future going change knowing comes single ensemble member emerges individual couldn stop thinking happen characters music pop acid holds beautifully given infectious life onstage band blended voices cast struggled raise million broadway transfer severity economic recession late reached goal adding new producing partners director helped costs low inexpensive set grossed healthy second week april late david_letterman cast recreated performance stage original tribe production won tony award best revival musical drama desk award outstanding revival musical cast album won grammy award best musical album august revival entire investment fastest musicals broadway history broadway cast transferred london west end revival new tribe took broadway march including american idol finalists assumed role played sales decreased original cast transferred london revival closed june previews regular performances national tour production began october included tour received positive reviews returned broadway engagement july september stop tour resumed tour ended january west end revival broadway production london west end previews began april official opening april producers broadway america nearly new_york cast relocated london new addition london cast london revival closed september production received enthusiastic reviews guardian described vibrant piece living theatre writing celebrates period joy life pitted forces death dealing military industrial complex shakespeare said daily_telegraph agreed timely vital revival greatest rock musicals energy company irresistible independent wrote hair great musicals time phenomenon relieved discover stands period piece times commented oddly poignant cast dressed army jackets race delivering salute age refuses dawn voice daily_mail praising performances production wrote end lack hair apparent performed new_york_city today hollywood bowl august musical given night engagement hollywood bowl directed star cast included amber riley mario parents international success hair performed countries world berlin wall fell traveled time poland lebanon czech_republic featured abc visited city discovered production hair midst war director helped produce hair russia located moscow park moscow production caused similar reaction original years earlier russian soldiers fighting time wrote places performed china india vietnam arctic continents african countries indian production mounted cultural impact popular culture new_york_times noted hair broadway musicals culture shows golden age regularly songs continue recorded major artists 1990s group recorded record shame ray run sampled single king went billboard rap charts reached billboard hot chart honored number afi years songs songs musical featured films television episodes example movie charlie chocolate factory character welcomed children lyrics good morning performed final episode character moves new_york_city actor auditions hair let sunshine performed final scene film year old virgin dog night recording easy hard featured film simpsons episode springfield files townspeople dana_scully fox_mulder sing good morning episode glee includes criticized mash songs hair crazy love beyoncé addition head class featured episode head english department determined disrupt school performance hair continued popularity hair seen number ranking listener poll united kingdom number essential musicals theme hair continues popular choice high school university productions amateur productions hair popular worldwide featured boulder colorado high school production hair abc documentary series search america september community theater production seat new_jersey praised original producer said best hairs seen long time example recent large scale amateur production mountain play production seat memorial california spring legacy hair broadway concept musical form dominated musical theatre including shows like chorus line development concept musical unexpected consequence hair tenure broadway expected rock music revolution broadway turned complete followed hair successive rock scores gentlemen second collaboration gentlemen found receptive audiences tony best musical failed sixteen performances month according horn failures result producers simply relying label rock musical attract audiences regard quality material presented jesus christ superstar themed successes genre reverted rock sounds 1950s black themed musicals like heavily influenced gospel soul music late 1970s genre played outposts rock like little shop audience tastes 1980s turned pop scores like phantom opera later rock musicals rent musicals featuring rock music like rock rock ages found success rock musical quickly come dominate musical theatre stage hair critic barnes commented weren rock musicals major rock musician rock score broadway think musical tommy conceived broadway money records rock concerts mean bother going pain musical close philadelphia hand hair profound effect acceptable broadway social movements celebrated example butler hair casts contributed fundraising united_nations sponsored organization formed connection celebration 25th anniversary united_nations assembly enabled young representatives world meet new_york july discuss social issues week cast members worldwide collected donations fund hair raised ended principal assembly tribe members hair crews contributed days pay butler contributed days profits productions founder noted hair came blue jeans comfortable clothing colors beautiful colors sounds movement secretary today got blue jeans want hair years later kind emancipation spiritual emancipation came staging hair date influenced single thing broadway broadway broadway world elements experimental techniques hair brought broadway entire world | Hair (musical) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
12925_PortlandCenterStage | theater company based portland oregon united_states theater productions presented portland founded northern sibling oregon independent theater producing artistic director took company fourth artistic director hired design firm help marketing strategy increased variety productions company began capital campaign moved includes theaters production facilities office space puts seven productions annually september june productions include classical contemporary premiere pieces received positive commentary regional including oregon history portland center stage founded northern sibling oregon shakespeare festival oregon continued branch company originally known oregon shakespeare festival portland production artistic director let year transitional process began maintained role reported artistic director couldn figure integrate closely liking unwilling portland way supervision advisory board oregon shakespeare festival portland board directors hired producing artistic director previously served search committee new artistic director decided consideration budget million subscribers company financial numbers transitional period new artistic director reported deficit company experienced described divorce search committee artistic director suddenly announced resignation june effective following october citing personal reasons rest theater community surprised resignation board president commented separating real challenge form identity wonderful job helping years present fourth artistic director took recruited experienced actors company previously founded actor express atlanta georgia artistic director initially signed year contract began artistic director company largest live theater production company portland organization facing sporadic attendance performances financial difficulties deficit end deficit base subscribers financial position company later stabilized budget million work came consultant report found relied heavily gifts grants fund operations peers company hired design help marketing helped improve promotional materials organization modified nature style performances design produced page showed performance schedule season subscribers potential customers handed performances placed town promotional campaign stressed unique qualities live theater performance entertainment television film productions presented theatres portland season moved new beginning season began million capital campaign goal building new theater complex historic building portland company began usage space september received september renovations upgrades facility additional theater facilities include seat main stage theater smaller seat black box theater administrative offices rehearsal hall production facilities main theater called seven productions performed annually september company productions include contemporary classical pieces modern addition summer festival jaw previously known add water west approximately subscribers annual audience productions producing artistic director production schedule set changes season schedule decided direct play season arms man instead previously scheduled play translation nominated best production awards recognize excellence portland theater arms man artistic director world premiere play comfort joy play acts premiered december commissioned playwright write comfort joy time produced new play ended time january final productions christmas carol final production company bus stop production signing play based novel theater critic described choice especially departure reviews portland media mixed received positive review audience feedback productions season included irish comedy christmas carol adaptation northwest premiere opened seasons musicals opened season west story season productions season included doubt twelfth night great notion received total awards 29th annual june including outstanding production twelfth night opened season week described timely choice light economic crisis reception guide best places northwest smith wrote offers excellent production values play book author wrote positively commenting portland leading professional theater company par country best regional theaters oregon notes company produces innovative daring productions | Portland Center Stage | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
13403_HeeSeo | born march south korean principal dancer leading classical ballet companies united_states company korean promoted principal dancer year history principal dancers company worked way ranks youngest dancers history promoted principal age new_york_times described style dancing purity sums lovely ballet vogue critics noted style lyrical open critically acclaimed unique feminine strength began training russian ballet age relatively late start ballet dancer stated numerous occasions aspirations professional ballet dancer teachers identified skills talents early short period time offered scholarships study abroad prestigious ballet schools gained notice winning scholarship youth america grand prix rapidly promoted joined company quickly promoted corps ballet march august finally named principal dancer july artistic director time performed numerous lead roles classical contemporary ballet early life born seoul south_korea mother aunt grandmother studied fine arts older younger brothers studied piano took swimming lessons stated reasons strong relationship mother sister middle school student class president offered opportunity attend entrance competition dancing months received formal ballet training entered competition awarded scholarship attend initially parents leaving young age persuaded teachers enrolled year leaving study ballet professional training program united_states training career began formal dance training age relatively late start ballet dancer described having perfect body ballet thirteen invited attend awarded year scholarship study stated major influence mentor life teachers helped train competitions said best student won prix award switzerland offered scholarship attend year won grand prix youth america grand prix asked join following year stayed joining apprentice beginning transition company difficult trained russian needed transition american style noted style leave dancers individual character matters dance lacks originality survive able adapt assistance time helped overcome injury march promoted rank corps ballet gained significant attention performed female lead romeo juliet debuted juliet birthday said favorites august principal dancer july korean promoted principal dancer year history age company youngest dancers promoted promotion drew attention principal dancers company promoted ballet director said incredible talent dancing acting doubted someday principal dancer noted lyrical open style unique feminine strength critics including new_york_times debut performance principal dancer princess aurora sleeping beauty swan queen swan lake said swan lake challenging ballet difficult thirty lead having dance contrasting personality roles black swan interview said prefers mental physical challenge length works opportunity dance length roles second year principal senior principal announced retirement placing line leading roles models wears shoes interview wall_street_journal stated carries new pairs day class rehearsals break pair day shoes soft support feet performances sponsored resides manhattan new_york_city roles repertoire length repertoire | Hee Seo | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
13514_ThePhilaletheisSociety | society society shortened originally founded student theatre group town new_york school oldest student organization founded december began college literary society leader college president control organization swiftly handed students group split chapters distinct focus group maintained literary focus 1890s point dramatic productions taken popularity tradition producing later plays year continued mid twentieth century organization disbanded lack interest revived arm student government independent student organization group run executive board plays produce year based proposals received student directors auditions open students interested directing previously completed directing workshop organization history according creation college literary society town new_york proposed students week school year later year december founded student group organized helmed president college organization leader students organization quickly saw fit transition self governance elected society student president served editors inaugural edition precursor weekly newspaper news named term meaning truth loving society split distinct chapters specialized focus alpha arm organization focused literary works beta chapter dramatic exercises delta chapter involved musical pursuits later added fourth chapter gymnasium later built organization headquartered society room second floor school society public meeting occurred june sent students reading pleasure company invited literary entertainment event included music prayer original poems songs essays drama piece meetings happened december point scene henry_viii produced following june point students recited william_shakespeare female characters society sizable consisting members retained original literary focus 1890s college 50th anniversary fell point society transitioned focus exclusively dramatic arts discovered term proper greek group changed correct short group originally performed shows year plays annually including outdoors usually shakespeare indoor productions contemporary dramas comedies older works critic conquer year saw chapters plays ostensibly come serve proving ground women wanted larger productions sponsored entire organization chapters plays prepared week leading criticism presentations hasty establishment competitive auditions main plays rendered obsolete model chapter plays proving grounds new actresses group produced shows time song tempo hail thee published offices students building years tradition putting plays year continued 1940s including presenting final play outdoors identified big organizations student groups include nearly extra activity took place campus student member big organizations college group focus shifted stood primarily organization try theatre arts moving drama department dramatic work later year disbanded insufficient interest students reboot group students interested theatre revived year absence citing interest producing shows involved college drama department requirement involvement time performance year took organization merging extant create sole producing agent independent student theatre campus 1980s split student government retaining funding group struggling find space perform students building performed transformed campus dining center old performance space replaced replicated campus invested renovation disused buildings functioning coal student theatre comedy groups created time operations early society history focus primarily literary membership considered committee days voted model abandoned favor open system student paid annual fee group time governed member board consisting president vice president seniors secretary treasurer props manager assistant props manager sophomore board vastly expanded include managers scenery lights sound makeup publicity number fields version committee governed president membership application positions organization split student government run seven member board accepted proposals shows ranging musicals act plays recently society accepted proposals shows beginning semester production board voted shows produce production holds auditions actors experience required directors seeking produce length direct shorter directing workshop usually scene running minutes shorter directing workshops occur twice year early fall spring fiscal year group budget cited brian covering campus history news isbn mary anniversary number design experience nineteenth century beginnings 1930s isbn new_york_city taylor new_york_city karen reilly lisa campus guide new_york_city isbn wood ann earliest years personal | The Philaletheis Society | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
14678_Noh | derived sino japanese word skill talent major form classical japanese musical drama performed 14th century developed son oldest major theatre art regularly performed today traditionally program includes plays comedic plays abbreviated program plays piece common presentations today play presented beginning especially new years holidays special occasions based tales traditional literature supernatural transformed human form hero story masks costumes props dance based performance requiring highly trained actors musicians emotions primarily conveyed stylized conventional gestures iconic masks represent roles ghosts women children old people written ancient japanese language text describes ordinary people twelfth sixteenth centuries having strong emphasis tradition innovation extremely codified regulated system history origins word means skill craft talent particularly field performing arts context word fun music form word classical tradition highly valued today refers historical genre theatre originated mid 14th century continues performed today originated 8th century transmitted china japan time term referred types performance featuring song dance comic sketches subsequent adaption japanese society led traditional art forms performing art elements elements rural celebrations performed connection rice planting popular entertainment including traditional dances performed female dancers 12th century ancient music dance performed beginning 7th century evolved studies actors 14th century indicate members families specialized performing arts performed traditional performance arts generations research reveals arguably oldest school descendant performer introduced extinct masked drama dance performance japan theory suggests originated struggling claim higher social status catering power new ruling class time beginning period marked increasing power class strengthened relationship court favorite art form able art form newly formed relationship 14th century strong support patronage able establish prominent theatre art form time son brought essentially present day form period renowned actor great versatility fulfilling roles graceful women year old boys strong adult males presented work year old child actor play age fell love position favor court caused performed frequently era era continued aristocratic art form supported feudal lords wealthy sophisticated popular middle class focused new experimental entertainment preserve established high standards historic authenticity remained unchanged era capture essence performances given great masters detail movements positions reproduced generally resulting increasingly slow ceremonial tempo time modern era fall formation new modernized government resulted end financial support government entire field experienced major financial crisis shortly restoration number performers stages greatly diminished support imperial government eventually regained partly appeal foreign diplomats companies remained active era significantly reach catering general public performing theatres major cities tokyo osaka japanese government designated degree legal protection tradition accomplished practitioners founded government stages regular performances courses train actors leading roles inscribed representative list cultural heritage humanity theatre terms encompasses performed plays space compared relies use masks derived humorous plays reflected comic dialogue concept virtually element including compiling program plays play songs dances plays basic rhythms performance means beginning means breaking means rapid urgent term originated ancient music indicate gradually increasing tempo adopted japanese traditions including tea ceremony poetry flower arrangement incorporated traditional play program play second fourth plays fifth play fact categories discussed created program represent play category selected performed order play broken parts introduction development conclusion play starts slow tempo gets slightly faster performers roles actors begin training young children traditionally age historically performers exclusively male daughters established actors begun perform professionally 1940s male female professional performers training isolated levels types acting lower degrees emphasis movement violence higher degrees represent opening flower spiritual prowess extant schools acting called schools train actors school family carries school considered important holds power create new plays modify lyrics performance modes actors trained schools schools train schools train school specializing instruments professionals registered strictly protects traditions passed ancestors secret documents school written materials community scholars japanese theatre roles major categories performers main protagonist leading role plays plays appears human ghost role known later companion abbreviated term refers stage hands usually people chorus usually comprising people performs role counterpart foil companion perform plays actors perform separate plays individual plays play instruments theatre transverse flute hip drum shoulder drum stick drum flute specifically called typical play involves chorus orchestra actor performance elements performance combines variety elements stylistic particular element product generations according central buddhist minimalist aspects aesthetic principles masks masks men carved blocks japanese painted natural neutral base approximately different masks based types distinctive names masks representative frequently different plays specific plays masks characters gender age social ranking wearing masks actors portray old men female divine demonic animal characters main actor wears mask plays wear mask plays represent female characters mask covers actor facial expressions use mask abandonment facial expressions altogether intent facial expressions use mask stimulate imagination audience masks actors able convey emotions controlled manner movements body language masks utilize lighting effect convey different emotions slight head facing slightly upward mask let mask capture light revealing features appear laughing smiling facing downward cause mask appear sad mad masks families institution powerful schools hold oldest valuable masks private collections rarely seen public ancient mask supposedly kept hidden treasure oldest school according current head school mask carved legendary regent prince thousand years ago historical accuracy legend prince mask contested legend ancient recorded style flower written 14th century stage traditional stage complete provides shared experience performers audience performance view audience sees actor moments enter exit central stage theatre considered symbolic treated reverence performers audience recognizable characteristic stage independent roof hangs stage indoor theatres supported columns roof stage architectural design derived worship pavilion sacred dance pavilion den roof theatre space defines stage architectural entity pillars supporting roof named principal character pillar pillar secondary character pillar flute pillar clockwise right respectively pillar associated performers actions stage entirely unfinished japanese decorative elements poet novelist writes stage theatre sets change piece curtain simple panel painting green pine tree creates impression provide banished break happen easy thing unique feature stage narrow bridge right actors enter stage means suspension bridge signifying aerial connects separate worlds level bridge nature plays ghosts spirits frequently appear contrast theatres literally path connects spaces single world completely different significance costumes actors wear silk costumes called robes hats props fan striking colors elaborate texture intricate robes truly works art right costumes particular extravagant silk progressively centuries accordance vision costumes emulated clothing characters genuinely wear formal robes street clothing peasant late sixteenth century costumes stylized certain symbolic stylistic conventions period elaborate robes given actors period developed costumes musicians chorus typically wear formal black adorned family accompanied skirt like combination waist coat exaggerated shoulders finally stage virtually black way contemporary western theatre props use props stylized commonly prop fan carried performers regardless role chorus singers musicians carry fan hand entering stage carry fan usually placed performer takes position taken leaving stage dance sequences fan typically represent hand held props sword wine flute writing brush fan represent objects course single play hand props fans usually introduced retrieved fulfill similar role stage crew contemporary theatre like western counterparts stage traditionally dress black unlike western theatre appear stage scene remain stage entire performance cases plain view audience black costume implies action stage effectively invisible set pieces boats wells bells typically carried stage beginning act needed props normally outlines suggest actual objects great bell perennial exception rules props designed conceal actor allow costume change interlude chant music theatre accompanied chorus ensemble drama commentators dubbed japanese opera singing involves limited range lengthy repetitive passages narrow dynamic range clearly melody center singing texts poetic relying heavily japanese seven rhythm common nearly forms japanese poetry economy expression abundance allusion singing parts called speaking parts music blank spaces actual sounds negative blank spaces fact considered heart music addition ensemble consists musicians known including play hip drum shoulder drum respectively chant performed character actor speak lines describe events perspective character narrator far breaking rhythm performance actually keeping feel plays especially characterized plays roughly plays created known today current repertoire performed existing schools consist approximately plays current repertoire heavily influenced taste aristocratic class period necessarily reflect popularity different ways classify plays subject plays classified broad categories present features human characters events according linear timeline play supernatural involves supernatural worlds featuring gods spirits ghosts role time depicted passing non linear fashion action switch moment moment including flashbacks mixed somewhat uncommon hybrid act second act utilizes internal external conflicts drive storylines bring emotions focuses utilizing flashbacks past deceased emotions performance style additionally plays categorized style drama piece based advancement plot narration action little dance piece characterized elaborate stage action involving stage properties multiple characters theme plays divided themes following categories classification considered practical today formal programming choices today traditionally formal play program composed selection groups god plays typically feature role deity tell story shrine praise particular god structured acts deity takes human form disguise act reveals real self second act warrior plays takes buddhist underworld protagonist appearing ghost famous pleads monk salvation drama glorious enactment scene death war costume wig plays woman plays depict female role feature refined songs dances reflecting smooth flowing movements representing female characters miscellaneous plays traditionally performed fourth place play program plays include madness plays ghost plays present plays final plays demon plays usually feature role monsters demons selected bright colors fast paced tense finale movements performed play program roughly plays category shorter plays categories addition frequently performed beginning program combining dance ritual considered oldest type play famous plays comprehensive list list plays plays individual articles listed following school influence west western artists influenced theatre practitioners japanese masters gave theater laboratory primarily studied physical aspects considers waiting parody particularly god spirit appears secondary character protagonist argues dramatic conflict evidence completely discarded theatre happens comes look closer according began reading japanese plays middle twenties read plays translated german adaptation play identified adaptation play japanese actor training began working brook production later joined brook company according learned time served french ambassador japan opera shows influence worked play having seen play states drawn taste tendency restrained theatre based spirituality praised theatre writing finally saw production physical theatre taught founded influenced plays long day journey night similarities plays expressed interest preface plays sister confirmed interests work town incorporates elements lack plot representative characters use ghosts composers english composer bell wrote music modern presentation plays including trees visited japan saw time japanese plays called wonderful drama seen influences seen heard ballet prince later semi church performance river son encountered tour japan inspired highly stylized practices completely different western counterparts focus according japanese theatre inspired design business suit visual staple live shows 20th century philosopher liner notes song album state japanese called work web wrote guardian narrative mix japanese theatre folk mythology greek drama imagination salmon cites writing centuries fine art sophisticated world known fury incorporates plays story essentially grand cycle light based mythology drawing multiple cultural traditions japanese theatre german folklore admired theatrical form known complexity presented march dance music event highlighting lifelong interest japanese music theatre event featured female performer poets wrote essay titled certain noble plays japan tried learn limited resources available england time lack complete understanding led create innovative works guided imagination wrote plays heavily influenced ghosts supernatural beings central time plays hawk dreaming bones words window aesthetic terminology describe number distinct qualities thought essential proper understanding art form flower instructions posture flower describes saying master secrets things exhaust possibilities device remains true performer seeks relationship audience similar way flowers notable like flower meant appreciated audience matter coarse upbringing comes forms individual beauty flower youth passes time true flower creating sharing perfect beauty performance profound concept valued forms art japanese culture originally mean grace representing perfect beauty invisible beauty felt seen work art term specifically relation mean profound beauty world including beauty involved sadness loss means old means quiet final stage performance development actor unnecessary action sound performance leaving true essence scene action imitated defined heart mind speaks teachings easily defined mind develop actor enter state mind charm actor performs sense imitation effectively role imitation intent actor accurately depict motions role opposed purely aesthetic reasons contrasted represent completely separate song dance heart theory song including poetry dance halves actor perform total unity heart mind existing theatres regularly performed today public theatres private theatres located major cities theatres japan presenting professional amateur productions public theatres include tokyo school permanent theatre tokyo tokyo additionally municipal theatres located japan present touring professional companies local amateur companies regions unique regional developed form schools independent traditional schools audience audience generally similar formal western theatre audience quietly watches audience members follow stage performance begins actors entering stage ends leaving stage house lights usually kept performances creating intimate feel provides shared experience performers audience end play actors file slowly important gaps actors bridge audience actors begins actor leaves unlike western theatre actors return stage having left play end character leaving stage story instance ending characters stage case character exits interval tea coffee japanese served lobby period day long affair substantial acts served special occasions performance ceremonial sake served lobby way happens rituals audience seated stage left stage corner left stage order decreasing pillar view stage actors primarily corners center located views main actors obscured ensuring generally clear view regardless seating | Noh | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
15259_ActorRebellionof1733 | actor rebellion event took place theatre royal london england actors worked changes management attempted seize control rebellion theatre controlled managers lost share denied bid run theatre actors attempted theatre controlling lease shareholders found refused admit actors building theatre closed months fight contemporary newspapers generally sided managers reopened september new company actors experienced talented old crew majority old actors moved remained loyal sided managers produced plays aid caused backlash actors finally won dispute end rebellious actors managed seize legal control theatre property sole manager time lost legal abilities stop february sold shares agreement actors secured return background run holders official licenses letters patent established charles_ii operated replaced death actors died took share notice stated patent issued official government license run theatre royal bureaucratic delays official patent given managers years july booth poor health decided sell half share fellow actor september died share inherited widow authorised painter serve place reaction changing partners rented share son actor new management group members incompetent known arrogant volatile end problems management theatre resulted failure december march seized event failure theatre management insufficient present managers lane discharge trust directors public newspaper group concerned plays soon cancelled matters complicated mass illnesses spreading london epidemic probably flu reduced number actors able work plays cancelled play open early january postponed poor health cast members including eventually staged mid february successful plays wife lasted night april regardless problems season positive fielding lasted plays produced stage fielding set music management changes gentlemen actors insisted actively participating day day decisions scheduling choice plays expenses actors behaviour management style clashed recovered returned february denied play progress instead putting play fighting managers coincided poor attendance epidemic london theatres attracting audiences popular performances play mock officer failed caused turn march based painting proved successful embarrassed managers interested theatre royal hill earlier partner theatre removed previous actor riot took place june march hill letter arranged sale booth shares criticised fact kept buying theatre management attacked offered pounds years booth shares pounds shares negotiations continued dropped widow sold remaining shares manager fields theatre days husband died time partners including longer wanted theatre sought sell shares sought rent share son pounds year approached order buy news selling shares appeared march sale price pounds upset father sold share instead continuing rent share believed rebellion tried work asked run operations theatre turned provoked stir actors rebellion actors upset management changes theatre operations experience theatre refused listen actors ideas cut salaries half known successful manager good actor rebellious actors plan lease deny use building shareholders complex set stage actors use control building negotiate renting patent control theatre run actors tried rent building remaining shareholders found responded refusing actors building shut plays performed according occasion inform midnight saturday persons arm took possession direction lock doors entrances company majesty notwithstanding paid pounds patent scenes rights privileges annexed certain term expired actors petitioned 2nd duke lord chamberlain requested settle dispute refused involve matter early june actors control theatre lease management refused leave actors tried file management legally removed property court system slow respond management continued cause problems actors including griffin fired theatre june responded june history events started removal accused management bad treatment wrote great instances gentlemen injuries company season direction experience knowledge capacity gathering forming entertaining governing keeping company able purchase patent truth believe positive little time thoroughly convinced contemporary response local newspapers quick respond rebellion article dated june described actors players busy mutiny june stated article selfish article street journal attacked management understanding theatres supposed work managers state defence argued correct actors reason complain especially treatment received actors responded later june letter response emphasised inability management effectively run theatre claimed acting like alleged refused offer actors rent patent calm dispute instead june printed parts play criticised actor rebellion took place june article claimed problems actors complained caused previous managers actors current management composed outsiders additionally claimed actors general unfit run theatre pamphlet titled state present dispute patent players published late summer attacked actors claimed men sense integrity entirely convinced great injustice late attempt company property actors responded article published september summer produced stage play started july ran nights play fun actors writers management attacked street journal august theatre historian described play harmless stuff regardless fielding personally mocked characters play offended portrayal reopening reopened september new company actors majority rebellious actors joined started producing plays september replacement actors lesser talent loyal experienced members joined management dispute loyal actors stayed including note reportedly losing pounds week victor account time wrote went expected bring thin losing audiences especially party prevailed plays acted better melancholy consequence proceeding saturday morning office manager pounds pride honour nearly concerned week conditions sold shares turned control theatre hill brought work actors lane autumn theatre declining end year order aid theatre fielding revised author intriguing fielding october king queen noble families attendance fielding produced universal different husbands didn run february 20th century theatre scholar believed fielding joined management theatre royal people legitimate investments fielding later attacked revised version author ran january caused backlash actors finally won dispute harder stage plays father applied lord chamberlain summer asking new license issued refused following applied master received license perform theatrical shows return payment license legal authority brought criticism lee dated september issuing licence called ploy actors october management theatre royal sent letter veteran actor rebels threatening legal action theatre responded claim acting law management manager demanded courts shut theatres november hearing set date trial case fell apart heard technical wording law conflicted original request licensed theatre managers trial rebellious actors sued management king bench management occupation building actors controlled lease held november judgment chief justice favour actors granted control theatre building march response asked charge rebellious actors harper sent prison provoked negative reaction public action attacked november eventually writ corpus issued november released case tried having began negotiate sale theatre license purchased portions license january february announced asked rebellious actors return agreement reached higher wages promotion deputy manager theatre actors took control theatre royal march marking end rebellion | Actor Rebellion of 1733 | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
18156_Parsifal | opera acts loosely based 13th century epic poem knight quest 12th century wagner conceived work april finish years later wagner completed opera composing took advantage particular produced second festival festival maintained monopoly productions opera performed new_york wagner described opera festival play stage tradition arisen applause act opera wagner spelling instead informed erroneous etymology supposedly persian origin meaning pure fool composition wagner read poem taking waters encountering writings wagner interested oriental especially buddhism interest came die sketch wagner wrote opera based story life themes later explored self compassion exclusive social groups knights introduced die according account recorded autobiography wagner conceived good friday morning april german asylum small cottage estate suburb wealthy silk merchant generous patron arts placed wagner disposal good offices wife composer wife moved cottage april good friday find sun shining brightly time house little garden green birds sang sit roof enjoy long peace message promise sentiment suddenly remembered day good friday called mind significance assumed reading summer conceived die occupied poem noble possibilities struck overwhelming force thoughts good friday rapidly conceived drama rough sketch pen dividing acts second wife later reported april account colored certain poetic licence today recalled impression inspired good friday music laughs saying thought fact far love affairs good friday pleasant mood nature think good friday ought work conceived cottage week april good friday year fell april living prose sketch wagner mentions accurately dated wagner surviving papers dated settle issue unfortunately survived wagner resume work years time completed und began die august took prose draft work contains fairly brief outline plot considerable detailed commentary characters themes drama work dropped set aside half years time wagner creative energy devoted ring cycle finally completed given performance august task accomplished wagner find time concentrate february completed second extensive prose draft work april year transformed verse poem wagner liked september began music making complete drafts score beginning end known german english preliminary draft complete draft pencil voices instruments second complete draft orchestral draft short score ink draft detailed contained considerable degree instrumental second draft begun september days point career wagner liked work drafts simultaneously switching forth allow time initial setting text final music act iii completed april 26th month score final stage process ink consisted fair copy entire opera voices instruments properly according standard practice wagner composed act time completing act beginning act embodied details score actual drafting regarded wagner little routine task found time prelude act scored august rest opera scored august january performance premiere november wagner conducted private performance prelude patron munich premiere entire work given july jewish born german conductor stage designs took lead wagner hall based interior wagner visited magic garden modelled july august sixteen performances work given conducted production boasted orchestra chorus main parts double cast performances wagner took conducted final scene act orchestral interlude end performances problems moving scenery transition scene scene act meant wagner existing orchestral interlude finished arrived hall assisting production provided extra bars music cover gap subsequent years problem solved additions ban outside years existence staged performances took place venue wagner conceived work private performances munich wagner reasons wanting exclusively stage firstly wanted prevent mere amusement opera going public work presented way envisaged tradition maintained wife long death secondly thought opera provide income family death monopoly performance authorities allowed performances place countries wagner death london new_york_city amsterdam maintained stage performances outside december receiving court ruling performances united_states prevented staged complete opera trained singers barred involved new_york production working future performances unauthorized stage performances undertaken amsterdam performance buenos_aires june lifted monopoly january opera houses began performances midnight december january authorized performance staged del barcelona began barcelona time hour demand presented european opera houses january august applause performances audiences end act tradition result misunderstanding arising wagner desire premiere maintain mood opera applause following second acts wagner spoke audience said cast curtain calls end performance confused audience remained silent end opera wagner addressed saying mean performance wagner complained don know audience like subsequent performances believed wagner wanted applause end silence acts eventually tradition applause heard act certainly wagner idea fact performances wagner cried exit second act members audience theatres applause curtain calls normal practice act major theatres including new_york custom followed post war performances wagner operas regularly presented festival day significant post war productions directed composer grandson festival world war presented radical away literal representation hall instead lighting effects bare minimum scenery complement wagner music production heavily influenced ideas swiss stage designer reaction production extreme biographer described best seen heard moving spiritual experiences life appalled wagner stage directions conductor production asked conduct declared right dress rehearsal imagined stage decorations come particularly upset omission dove appears head end opera claimed inspired better performances conductor arranged dove descended string realise length string long conductor dove audience continued modify production death created complex tortured revolutionary production festival postwar season remain company exclusive remainder decade roles synopsis place castle mountains north spain magic palace south spain act forest near castle home knights eldest knight wakes young leads prayer sees king entourage approaching injured holy spear wound heal asks lead knight news king health knight says king suffered night going early holy lake ask explain king injury healed question wild woman bursts gives brought ease king pain collapses exhausted arrives borne calls attempt relieving king pain failed told left seeking better remedy raising somewhat king says going leave sort led realm downfall accepts tries thank answers abruptly thanks help urges onward bath procession leaves eye question brief falls silent tells helped comes goes asks directly stay help answers help think witch find holy spear reveals deed destined says given spear lost attractive woman domain grabbed spear stabbed wound causes suffering shame heal returning king bath tell eased king suffering ask knew tells holy spear pierced cross holy caught flowing blood come guarded knights rule father join knights unable thoughts mind resorted self causing expelled order set opposition realm learning dark arts claiming valley domain filling beautiful seduce lost holy spear kept schemes hold tells later holy vision told wait pure fool compassion der finally heal wound moment cries heard knights flying swan shot young man brought forth bow hand matching arrows speaks saying holy place asks outright shot swan boasts flies hit tells swan holy animal asks harm swan shows youth body young man breaks bow casts aside asks father found place lastly question replies don know elder knight sends away help king asks boy tell know young man says mother heart sorrow bow listening tells boy father knight killed battle mother forbidden son use sword fearing meet fate father youth recalls seeing knights pass forest left home mother follow laughs tells young man rode saw die grief hearing collapses grief weary sleep cries sleep wishes disappears knows draws pious invites boy observe rite youth know remarks walk scarcely feels traveling far says realm time space die orchestral interlude leads scene scene arrive hall knights assembling receive holy communion voice heard telling son uncover shame suffering guardian holy relics succumbed lost spear declares office cries forgiveness hears promise day pure fool hearing cry youth appears suffer heart knights urge reveal den finally dark hall light knights eat motions youth participate share taking communion ceremony ends collapses pain carried away slowly hall leaving young man asks understood seen answer dismisses fool sends warning hunt leave voice high repeats promise pure fool compassion act scene magic castle waking sleep calls names hell lastly transformed incredibly woman mutilated condition resist power observes approaching summons enchanted knights fight boy watches knights flee wishes destruction race sees young man stray garden calls seek boy seduce turns sees left mission scene triumphant youth finds garden surrounded beautiful seductive wounding lovers holder soon fight win devotion point flee voice calls recalls mother called appeared dreams away fool leave wonders garden dream asks knows tells learned mother das kind loved tried shield father fate mother abandoned finally died grief reveals parts history stricken remorse blaming mother death thinks stupid forgotten says realization sign understanding kiss help understand mother love kiss suddenly pain cries feels wounded king pain burning understands passion die die filled compassion rejects advances furious ploy failed tells feel compassion able feel cursed centuries unable rest saw christ cross laughed pains enslaved rejects asks lead begs stay hour refuses finding finally calls master help appears throws spear stops head takes makes sign cross castle enchanted garden leaves tells knows find act scene scene opening opera domain years later aged bent hears near discovers unconscious brush years water speak word serve wonders significance special day looking forest sees figure approaching armed armour stranger wears helmet armed ground holy day gets response finally removes helmet recognizes shot swan sees bears holy spear tells desire return des relates long journey years unable find path forced fight spear battle tells curse preventing finding right path lifted absence unveiled lack sustaining properties caused death overcome remorse blaming state affairs tells today day funeral great duty perform feet water recognizing pure fool compassion new king knights looks comments beauty meadow explains today good friday world renewed bells heard distance says midday hour come lord permit servant guide die set castle dark orchestral interlude leads gathering knights scene castle brought shrine coffin cries asking dead father grant rest expresses desire join death der knights urge uncover says commands knights instead kill end suffering shame brought moment steps forth says weapon heal wound touches spear commands unveiling present released curse ground white dove descends reactions initially seen festival presentation attended notable figures reaction varied thought marked weakening wagner abilities critic gave opinion act counted unified atmospheric richest musically going note wagner creative powers man age method declare wagner fantasy specifically musical invention retained facility help increasing conductor found costumes showed extraordinary lack taste singing curtain final scene walking hill hear words present performances artistic events supreme interest pride joy participated hugo wolf student time festival managed find money tickets twice emerged overwhelmed wagner inspired creation reiterated view doubt far beautiful sublime work field art present wrote friend hardly describe present state came completely understood greatest painful revelation carry rest life simply noted heard cried weeks musician described magnificent overwhelming visiting festival said world overwhelming impression heart strings begin tell transported cold thought characters plot wrote musically splendid strong monuments sound raised glory music later write deleted scene written opera discovered music ghost old alias took view experience visited festival able detect vocal parts confidence called rhythm tune melody singing wrong apply named stands stage spot practices hour cast die performance standards contributed reactions commented opening performance season purely musical point view far principal singers concerned simply bass tenor sang flat soprano sing merely shout words nazi propaganda minister strong advocate work hearing time described greatest experience opera end completely overwhelmed criticism influence wagner opera influential controversial use christian symbols spear references restriction years led performances regarded religious rite noted wagner actually refers jesus christ opera essay religion art wagner described use christian imagery religion artificial art duty rescue art symbols religions believe literally true actually art symbols reveal profound truths contain critic objected religious air surrounding premiere question withheld theatres limited naturally state church scenes offensive impression led expect reading religious situations earnest dignity style church completely style opera opera stage festival stage festival originally wagner champions chose use grounds breach wagner extended critique opens essay meaning ideals wagner wrote work secret attempt poison life bad work preaching remains anti nature experience attempted assassination basic ethics despite attack subject matter admitted music sublime apart irrelevant questions use music ought purely aesthetic grounds wagner better letter racism debate writers opera promotion racism anti line argument suggests written support ideas advocated proposed pure hero perceived jewish stereotype particularly opposes quasi christian knights claims remain heavily debated explicit support wagner mentions ideas writings diaries relate great detail wagner thoughts years life including period covering composition performance mention intention wagner met briefly read essay inequality human races wagner completed original drafts story date despite chronological evidence frequently cited major inspiration related question opera contains specifically anti semitic message debated wagner contemporaries commentators analysed length mention anti semitic interpretations critics present premiere noted reviews work accorded wagner anti jewish sentiments recent commentators continue highlight perceived anti semitic nature opera find anti semitic passages found wagner writings articles period conductor premiere court conductor king production orchestra drawn ranks munich opera including conductor wagner objected conducted jew father fact wagner suggested convert christianity declined wagner wrote king decided accept despite fact alleged received complaints pieces christian works conducted jew king expressed satisfaction human beings basically brothers wagner wrote king regard jewish race born enemy pure humanity noble claimed denounced unacceptable nazis placed facto ban fact performances berlin performed festival world war wagner greatly impressed reading deeply affected thoughts practice music art writers wagner great philosophy heal shows compassion saw highest form human morality displays compassion face sexual act scene philosophy suggests escape present human life overcoming sexual particular strong form viewed light emphasis compassion natural follow und influence obvious focus wagner originally considered including character act later rejected idea music recurring musical theme particular piece music associated particular person place idea wagner composer associated makes liberal use wagner specifically identify score scores wife mentions statements diary wagner followers notably guide published named wrote references motifs highlighted piano arrangements score wagner reaction naming motifs score disgust end people believe nonsense happens suggestion opening prelude introduces important generally referred communion theme theme motif repeated course opera characters especially voice sings called fool motive particular wagner uses dresden represent motif sequence notes known childhood dresden music explore difficulties analyzing late 19th century music explored importance certain pitches work unusual structure piece heavy act difficult work musically notable excerpts common mature wagner operas composed act continuous flow music free standing work number orchestral excerpts opera arranged wagner remain concert prelude act frequently performed conjunction arrangement good friday music accompanies second half life act scene long solo act das kind occasionally performed concert lament act instrumentation score calls english horn flat bass flat horns onstage onstage percussion section includes requiring players tenor drum bells onstage church bells onstage thunder machine strings works wagner symphony bells draw knights ceremony acts proved problematic stage earlier performances wagner bell piano frame strings constructed substitute church bells performances bells combined bell tuned pitch notes roll executed modern day performances bell replaced tubular bells synthesizers produce desired notes thunder machine moment destruction castle english composer piece uses instrumentation recordings composed stage famous recordings opera come live performances stage pre era conducted excerpts opera considered best performances opera disc contain sound evidence bells constructed work premiere melted scrap world war conductor closely associated post war years performances marked opening festival world war historic performances recorded available label sound recorded opera stereo release considered classic recording unofficial live recordings capturing virtually cast conducted recordings opera released recording fastest record slowest recordings conducted conducting widely praised recording voted record year awards highly regarded recording originally reissued saturday december broadcast review building library music critic surveyed recordings recommended recording conductor best available choice filmed versions addition number staged performances available dvd adapted screen film director documentary directed titled search recorded european theaters including festival contains extracts stage production starring includes interviews domingo film exists versions complete version running minutes officially approved domingo minute version cuts passages regarded german distributor political uncomfortable irrelevant score music score available online | Parsifal | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
19177_OrfeoedEuridice | french version english opera composed based myth set belongs genre meaning opera mythological subject choruses dancing piece performed vienna october presence reform operas attempted replace plots overly complex music opera noble simplicity music drama opera popular works influential subsequent german opera variations plot underground rescue mission hero control conceal emotions include wagner originally set italian owes genre french opera particularly use accompanied general absence vocal years premiere adapted opera suit tastes audience reworking given title alterations vocal casting orchestration suit french tastes background essay opera major influence development ideology proposed heavily simplified model opera drama pre eminent instead music ballet staging drama delight eyes ears affect hearts audience risk reason common sense ideas influenced prominent advocate reform stated creator dramatic music create provided material chaos like share honour creation influences included composer ballet sur called dramatic effect influenced operas acting style considerable quantity ballet thought influence noted blending aspects production ballet staging audience roles synopsis lines choruses etc given italian version french version act chorus join tomb wife chorus mourning able utter chorus sends away sings grief aria ben verses preceded expressive technique extremely radical time proved overly came chose retain unity aria appears telling underworld return wife condition look earth aria les encouragement informs present suffering shall short lived aria silence resolves quest version delivers older italian style originally composed occasional entertainment subsequently apollo act rocky landscape refuse admit underworld sing guardian est accompanied represented opera begs pity aria con interrupted cries non eventually sweetness singing men let chants version scene ends dance second scene opens brief ballet movement dance blessed spirits prominent solo flute followed solo celebrates happiness eternal bliss sung unnamed spirit repeated chorus arrives purity air finds beauty surroundings spirits bring chorus act way delighted returning earth remembering condition related act lets hand refusing look explain understand action suffer silence duet takes sign longer loves refuses continue concluding death sings grief supposed infidelity aria fortune brief duet reprise unable turns looks dies sings grief famous aria shall lost decides kill join returns stop trio reward continued love returns life reunited movement ballet sing praise version chorus ballet added extra movements performance history opera performed vienna october day celebrations emperor production supervised theatre administrator choreography set designs leading members fields famous revived vienna following year performed performances took place london sang role little music bore relation original providing new music conducted performance italian version early 19th century particularly known performances conducted work composing symphonic poem replace original typically 19th century 20th century role sung female noted role time include dame butt dame metropolitan opera notable proponent opera november radio broadcast act eventually released revised versions apollo conducted composer role soprano maintaining italian version performed modern times version revised score production premiered august second version named french translation expansion original text expanded rewrote parts opera changed role high tenor called usual voice french opera heroic characters french version work additional ballet sequences tastes prevalent time paris included long dance originally ballet famous dance blessed spirits flute strings virtually vanished performances original version increasingly rare modern practice replacements dates version concert pitch rose steadily cycles second french version increasingly impractical sang role music altered suggested french perform role composer close friend leading expert france music knew score largely forgotten italian original thoroughly knew french agreed prepare version opera acts voice mind adapting role female alto adaptation key scheme vienna score incorporating additional music paris score returned italian version considered superior terms music terms drama restored subtle orchestration italian version resisted proposals theatre director orchestration end saint acting assistant project minor declined version presented november conductor sets designed choreography seventeen year old orchestra rehearsals complimented young player accuracy tuning production popular critical success filling house night given total times company subsequent versions theaters paris lowered concert pitch normal low time commission recommended pitch france lowered vibrations apparently later 19th century role came sung frequently tenor version combine italian french scores influential regarded act adaptations score translating italian restoring music french version left common edition published popular occasion role octave sing notable performed role germany recorded opera times recordings available commercially reform opera showing signs ambition reform opera self contained choruses way shorter pieces larger structural units notable absence instead uses form notably act ben verse dramatic voice accompanied orchestra form act famous absent traditional voice accompanied old italian conventions disregarded favour giving action dramatic impetus complexity storyline greatly reduced eliminating influenced example french particularly like opera contains large number expressive dances extensive use chorus accompanied coup opening drama chorus mourning main characters similar elements follow subsequent reforms instance cheerful reflect action come role calls especially gifted actor ben dull tragic import given aria based harmonies obviously nature fine actor certainly taken lessons london renowned actor apparently able project moving tone raising voice faced criticism grounds emotionally responded pointing absolute necessity fine execution aria change movement turn expression reforms began significant influence history ideals heavily influenced popular works wagner wagner vision especially influenced old style opera domination singers came increasingly unpopular success operas particular orchestra far predominant earlier opera notably voice reduced comparatively minor role style carries main melody supported solos flute cello horn accompaniment strings playing complex orchestration wrote orchestration number changes orchestration adapting original italian version french version replaced common modern played considerably decreases possibly lack technical ability french instruments typically church music predominant chamber music unpopular france ways change corresponds high tenor survive italian french version represented use instrument usually thought introduced french verse ben accompanied different solo instruments vienna flute horns english horns required change orchestration single horn replacing uncommon instruments far widespread usage aria ben added orchestra consisting strings order provide echo effect scores original italian version acts published vienna score paris 18th century manuscript copies score found libraries including der vienna vienna paris paris london critical edition edited published complete works french version acts published paris score paris critical edition edited published substantial fragments scores paris paris scores available online including italian version 18th century manuscript copies website score later originally des score later originally score later edition engraved paris originally library opera paris version score version paris internet archive vocal score piano reduction paris recordings numerous recordings different versions especially adaptation featuring female british american soprano especially notable recent years recordings stage productions vienna version opera featured role recorded role performed recorded recordings role recent times recordings versions cut altered way recordings french version tenor relatively rare lack genuine mid-1950s starring opposite wife recorded role version available present recording premiere release added version brought period instrument performance title role april concert performance recorded madrid years earlier finally released dvd australian opera production directed australian | Orfeo ed Euridice | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
20330_Love,Loss,andWhatIWore | love loss wore love loss wore play written based book organized series uses rotating cast principal women subject matter includes women relationships times interaction female wardrobe time capsule woman life initially presented summer series guild hall new_york benefit series new_york early later year produced ongoing commercial theatrical production theatre new_york continues run second longest running theatre history production cast received positive critical attention production won drama desk award unique theatrical experience audience award favorite new broadway play produced continents countries began national tour united_states september chicago making encore performance paris january background development writer director producer best known writing romantic comedy films received academy_award nominations seattle written best selling books wrote play antagonistic relationship authored sister writer producer including got mail hanging wrote introduction eponymous book immediately thought dramatic possibilities identified stories love loss wore book fashion clothes moments constantly trying find identity soon publication gave book friends christmas interested writing version book decided adapt love loss wore play sister women stories sourced largely book collection stories adapted book friends including donnell highlight original production based best seller feel bad neck plot character called acts narrator opens parts wardrobe stir poignant memories life story tales describing marriages death child turning point marked particular item clothing life represented beginning experiences uniform extending life addition character serves plays vulnerable gang member chicago portrays brave cancer patient serves mature woman pierced vivid memories characters named heather chooses conservative think shoes high heels youth later stage life shows preference high heels gang member likes prominent creator stories notable tales include influence madonna discourse including american woman says dressed madonna lying dressing room anxiety story revolving concept mother tastes clothes don understand look good tried characters work trio characters los_angeles_times spent high school dresses junior dress conservative powder blue gown wear date senior dress sexy black mini dress desirable date dresses presented identity crisis character thing known sure people girl doesn asked girl gets cute guy time thought knew turned reason think got married like end confusion new_york_times presented stories felt particularly emotional woman removed college wardrobe raped continued wearing favorite boots wedding attire choice newly reconstructed breast tattoo addition stories article noted humorous ode black wardrobe fact wardrobe character notes buy isn black sorry stories include dress purchased date guy subsequently married result look known issues involving toe prominent staple california wardrobe choice wrong day month story incarcerated lover strategic hole certain pair pants production history initial benefit productions initially love loss wore presented august benefit renovation new_york production directed starred produced play monday night series benefit performances dress success charity organization serves low income women enabling afford work clothing providing job support direction karen set seven monday night readings held february march broadway theatre seven performances seven different casts cast theatre participants original readings included created narrator character donnell play performed beginning september consecutive runs lasting weeks having entirely new person cast production officially opened october cast originally included donnell bee rotating cast included replaced initial week runs production benefited dress success karen directed scenic design costume design lighting design sound design design producer producer production staged women seated dressed black lip stage consulting scripts music stands needed original drawings presented hung clothes clothes rack stage right actress production continued theatre open ended commercial run casting strategy rotating week casts enabled production pursue higher caliber actors stated question answer session casting great actresses come weeks hard good people work broadway months pay weeks known actresses performed broadway production include following october second longest running history won drama desk award unique theatrical experience audience award favorite new broadway play donnell nominated drama league awards distinguished performance nominated casting society america awards broadway comedy musical excellence casting performance played march production closed march performances rotating casts actresses participated production entire run final cast national tour carpenter directed national tour began chicago september engagement produced chicago production chicago cast included brien originally scheduled run october extended december opening later extended january post chicago national tour performances set headlined december cast included productions play produced los_angeles production ran november breaking box office records casts rotated known actresses included kane initial cast performed broadway run directed kane played role debuted los_angeles end play staged new_york los_angeles toronto buenos_aires numerous productions world run carpenter directed international production run countries toronto production ran july october play presented sydney january opening cast direction minor modifications south_africa performed april june near theatre bay cape_town june july direction asian premiere manila july plaza cast included production directed themes running time hour minutes composed different stories seek female identity generally composed comic stories addresses sad bitter sentimental issues memoir takes departure clothing worn pivotal times life serves foundation augmented collection similarly themed stories presented additional characters staged described low tech manner play uses clothing metaphor women experiences addition clothing accessories purse important new_york_times notes views purse chaos interior sees symbol dark mirror old consists women wardrobe relationship personal wardrobe date outfits lucky underwear dresses favorite boots shirts disorganized purse experiences dressing room clothing prompt women memories mothers husbands husbands sisters grandchildren critical reaction original benefit series described intimate described broadway play matters heart matters closet new_york_times variety called meditation women lives reflected clothes critics commented literary expert mixing sentimental satirical turning poignant noted clothing accessories dominated memories men extras los_angeles_times described cross wear writing time described style similar eve notes work collective female emerges tender sentimental describes entertaining survey deeper questions underlying multiple highlight derived book consistently praised donnell portrayal role purse scene hate purse says amusing hate purse segment notes piece writing essay troublesome relationship entrusted donnell proud essay defiant accuse era bag described donnell purse performance aria called pillars scene performed outside theatre notes serves female audience chick chick lit find terms love loss wore clearly classified chick women share deeply experience discussed los_angeles_times notes light nature subject matter isn reclaim female sexuality centuries oppression celebrates wardrobe according points thing females species common deep love hate relationship wardrobe wonderfully witty illustrates wears party memorable party notes entire performance meaning jam packed notes humor strikes women funny bones mighty perfectly certain subjects weight status bags high heels achieve potential according los_angeles_times reviewer time magazine describes certain lines major awards nominations original broadway production earned november casting earned | Love, Loss, and What I Wore | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
21220_Queen'sHall | queen hall hall edinburgh queen hall edinburgh queen hall concert hall london opened designed architect room audience people london principal concert venue home concerts founded hall cramped seating superb known musical centre british empire leading musicians late 19th early 20th century performed including 1930s hall main london base new raised standards orchestral playing london new heights hall resident orchestra founded eclipsed disbanded new attracted generation musicians europe united_states including second world war building destroyed bomb london blitz despite lobbying hall rebuilt government decided main musical functions taken new royal festival hall general concert season background site hall built bounded present day riding house street land bought crown development regent street building hall site occupied site negotiated building agreement crown providing clearing site erection new concert hall new building intended victoria concert hall queen concert hall finally chosen queen hall decided shortly hall opened historian speculates alternative victoria concert hall abandoned liable confusion formal new hall provide needed music venue centre london south small safety problems poorly unpleasant capacity music critic commented old round hall prince hall james hall warmly welcomed new building construction commissioned architect design new hall floor plan previously prepared designed hall floor area square feet audience capacity contemporary newspapers commented unusual elevation building grand tier street level stalls arena exterior carving son harrison lighting combination gas electricity original consisted grey walls venetian red seating large red suspended orchestra heads mirrors surrounding arena portraits leading composers sides platform intended colour belly london mouse said kept string dead mice paint shop order ensure correct tone arena seating brownish carpet blended dull colour walls arched ceiling elaborate painting described ceiling queen hall gesture clad centre arena fountain containing according conductor sir minutes fascinating young female fell fountain rescued happened thirty times night foreigners came parts europe building adjoining queen small hall seating chamber music concerts small scale presentations july described cigar shaped windows ceiling reminiscent ship saloon comfortable small concert rooms hall provided modern facilities open frontage carriages parking room press room public spaces bars time subsequently hall celebrated superb large hall london soon opening praised happy success followed example earlier buildings noted fine walls auditorium lined wood fixed clear walls thick coarse canvas stretched wood sealed decorated calculated surface wooden lining like body violin observer commented building resembled violin construction shape ground plan orchestra founded bell horn shortly opening appointed manager newman different careers bass concert agent rest career associated queen hall names hall manager synonymous early years queen hall opened doors november newman gave children party afternoon evening invited guests attended describes sort private view popular selections played songs piano organ solos performed known musicians performances seats arena removed lavish served guests danced november smoking concert given prince alfred second son queen_victoria patron leader performance attended duke built royal box grand circle prince alfred told newman brother sit newman demolished royal party seated stalls pictured right programme consisted orchestral works sullivan solos official opening hall took place december conducted sung choir voices assembled short notice newman hymn praise followed second programme performance emperor autumn hall adopted venue annual winter season concerts held james hall concert queen hall conducted performance received repeated popular acclaim concert season saint conducted performances works society remained queen hall concerts fill hall heat late summer period london audiences tended stay away theatres concert halls newman planned run week season concerts low priced tickets attract wider audience main season costs needed kept newman decided engage star conductor invited young little known conduct season seasons concerts london sullivan concerts 1870s particularly successful offered audiences usual light music introduced major classical works normally restricted expensive concerts presented newman aimed going run nightly concerts train public easy stages popular gradually raising standard created public classical modern music newman determination concerts attractive led permit smoking concerts formally prohibited available parts hall concerts intervals prices fifth charged classical concerts standing area balcony shillings grand circle reserved seats shillings newman needed find financial backing season wealthy ear nose throat specialist offered sponsor conditions wood conduct concert pitch orchestral instruments lowered european standard normal concert pitch england nearly higher continent regarded damaging singers voices wood singing teacher conductor agreed brass players queen hall orchestra unwilling buy new low pitched instruments imported set belgium lent players season players recognised low pitch permanently adopted bought instruments august queen hall concerts took place opened wagner rest programme comprised words historian blatant newman wood gradually balance light music mainstream classical works days opening concert excerpts wagner operas performed presented season italian fourth included violin piano season including london pieces newman wood soon felt able devote monday night season principally wagner friday night pattern endured decades presentations events presented newman hall frequently let organisations later hall wide range activities including balls military band concerts lectures public meetings morris dancing religious services january public film presented queen hall members wives maker fellow society acres colleague improved version early newman continued interested new music hall entertainer persuaded variety performances queen small hall january shows received times commented vogue classes great permanent patrons despite activities public mind queen hall quickly chiefly associated concerts newman careful balance known prestigious expensive concerts rest year foster careers promising artists successful seasons given contracts main concert series billed run budgets series newman willing pay large fees attract famous musicians included expensive jan included composers performed works hall years sullivan early 20th century newman hall manager following year investment theatrical presentations declared bankrupt music publisher took lease building retaining newman manager queen hall orchestra concerts rescued musical sir banker german origin necessary funds encouraged newman wood continue project musical education main seasons newman remained manager hall manager concerts died standard orchestral playing london adversely affected deputy system orchestral players offered better paid engagement send substitute rehearsal concert treasurer described want signs play concert sends don mind rehearsal knowledge consent sends second rehearsal able play concert sends paid shillings stay away members highly paid wood recalled memoirs rank file orchestra received week concerts rehearsals guinea symphony concert rehearsal half guinea sunday afternoon evening concerts rehearsal offered hoc engagements better pay players took advantage deputy system newman determined end rehearsal wood faced sea entirely unfamiliar faces orchestra newman came platform announce gentlemen future deputies good morning players resigned formed orchestra newman attempt bar new orchestra queen hall concert given june conducted 20th century queen hall regarded london premier concert hall acknowledged musical centre empire interior lack leg room seating attracted criticism said placing seats apparently account taken average length lower limbs appeared understanding legs left room apiece expensive difficulties room arrangements perfect promised seats room year seating capacity hall reduced war intervened question addressed world war post war outbreak world war newman wood obliged consider immediate future concert giving queen hall discussed continue planned agreed ahead months anti german feeling forced leave country seek refuge campaign ban german music concerts newman statement declaring german music played planned greatest examples music art world possessions hour left britain took financial responsibility queen hall concerts resident orchestra renamed concerts continued war years fewer major new works british pieces historian wrote concerts timed coincide clear air raids falling bombs anti aircraft fire threatening wood kept things end real play morale hall hit german air raids escaped minor damage member wood choir later recalled hit middle concert crash cracking sound shower plaster began fall roof packed bit rush centre hall moment orchestra disappeared seats sir roof wielding concert allowed leave hall orchestra returned platform struck soon dancing floor enjoying experience released till war queen hall operated years wood called somewhat blue green new new performers appeared including solomon 1920s hall proponents opponents broadcasting head effective proprietor queen hall broadcasting music recently established bbc decreed artist worked bbc allowed perform queen hall performers dilemma wished appear air right appear britain important musical venue hall temporarily unable attract finest performers day middle newman health failed died november brief illness wood wrote feared come engaged extra player having discussed newman assistant took manager orchestra concerts crucial point withdrew financial support lengthy negotiations bbc took sponsor saved hall continued play host celebrity concerts rest 1920s promoted bbc hitherto range choral societies owned title new queen hall orchestra resident orchestra change known sir years conductor gave concerts queen hall later concerts orchestra obvious comparatively poor standards london bbc sir ambitions bring london orchestral standards berlin early attempt operation bbc went separate ways bbc established founded debuts concerts queen hall bbc orchestra gave concert october conducted programme music wagner reviews new orchestra enthusiastic times commented superb conducting commented intended class orchestra idle spoke playing debut october conducted item audience went wild standing seats shout years orchestra appeared nearly times queen hall role old resident orchestra members engaged bbc disbanded orchestral standards unprecedented excellence eminent musicians europe eager perform queen hall guest hall 1930s composer included recordings hall period reissued second world war outbreak second world war september bbc immediately effect plans broadcasting away london places thought risk bombing musical department including moved bristol bbc withdrew players financial support wood determined season ahead private entrepreneur agreed week season engaged concerts continued air raids audiences stayed hall early morning musical continuing concerts finished season curtailed weeks intense bombing forced queen hall close given september december doors windows hall blown blast temporary repairs concerts continued damage april repairs quickly hall opened days afternoon concert hall conducted concert given hall comprised view times performances real distinction night intensive air raid chamber house_of_commons buildings destroyed seriously damaged single bomb hit queen hall auditorium completely fire hope replacement building ruin rubble lost thousands pounds worth instruments remained intact site bronze bust wood retrieved debris concerts continued london royal albert hall venues relocated albert hall remains principal venue royal festival hall opened succeeded queen hall main london venue symphony concerts government set committee chaired sir members examine rebuilding hall committee reported musical grounds interest general cultural life community desirable replace hall doubtful potential demand enable run seriously audiences halls existence london second hall large symphony concerts site queen hall redeveloped occupied wrote queen hall everybody heard concerts hall speaks spoke warmly atmosphere accounts perfect rebuilt war plans committees start fundraising campaign wasn london symphonic concert hall comes remotely close perfection site marked commemorative plaque unveiled november sir chief conductor | Queen's Hall | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
21420_Blackrock(play) | play play australian playwright performed adapted play entitled property clan inspired murder australia plays received critically attract criticism family media actual murder despite repeated statements plays work fiction considered viewers factual account property clan new_south_wales premier won developed feature film plot australian working class suburb popular youths like girlfriend rachel comes city day local legend returns month trip rachel brother toby 18th birthday party held local beach club days later decides merge welcome home party event party alcohol freely available following morning revealed year old killed party youths party scott toby tell raped tracy left alive boys later arrested sexual assault confesses killed tracy says attempting sex bit kicked moment rage grabbed rock struck told police night asks confirm torn telling truth protecting friend witnessing abusive behaviour friend decides tell truth detained police hangs cell silence leads breakdown relationships rachel mother play scene confesses witnessed youths tracy intervene unsure believes loyalty boys mates left suicide note giving panel van asks cousin throw keys vehicle ocean goes development origins property clan play originated property clan theatre education piece written newcastle premiered approached director suggested murder subject play initially refused argued actual subject play victim peer groups agreed convinced play conflicting responses crime title taken quote psychological report man murdered preparation trial decision play criminal acts actual murder instead focusing drama participants aftermath murder redevelopment commissioned develop original minute play length production retained original characters added associate professor considered version murder viewers considered factual account crime narrative emphasis adult audience outside specifically educational environment shifting play focus property clan focused possible motives rape said centre boys involved crime portraying victims society performed wharf theatre run august played australian theatre festival canberra year continued performed performed sold season wharf productions australia including performed newcastle based theatre company version contained minor updates referring instead reception property clan family learned play attended private screening seen years mother objected daughter murder stating preferred documentary account rape murder victim property clan named tracy family objected cousin best friend asked change character respect family remain unchanged play rewritten retitled local media reported family objections play day play opened faced mounting disapproval attempted distance murder respond growing controversy wrote newcastle herald stating media coverage play unfortunately focusing murder instead play message stating people reporting manner watched play stated comparison murder interest media play actually group boys abuse girl came viewers considered play factual account murder rape murder shown play audience said able fill knowledge killing despite controversy play shown high schools newcastle area following positive critical reception shown nationally high schools country period eighteen months students declined book play play shown new_south_wales premier year australian gave favourable review redeveloped play stating decision transform play original educational environment mainstream audience bold successful won award best play play shown sydney expressed disappointment community people came said like newcastle grew sydney didn different whatsoever happening years ago young remember violence rape party rape party rape alcohol lot violence associated interviewed adapted film expressed regret media continually drawing connections play murder caused additional suffering family initiated play intention aiding healing process people affected murder reviewing version play performed likened actors performing play initiation ceremonies occur play stating perform initiated newcastle history learn mines beaches death ambivalent inheritance communities hosts curriculum material high school plays premiere production premiere production directed featured following cast paul bishop toby stewart roy roles played members company film adaptation revisions play finalised started working time director produce film version titled released reprised role film portrayed play cast film | Blackrock (play) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
21720_FunHome(musical) | musical musical adapted graphic memoir story concerns relationship gay father attempts unlock mysteries surrounding life broadway musical lesbian protagonist musical developed conference theatre lab opened broadway september positive reviews run extended times ran january production nominated winning including outstanding musical awards original broadway production began previews circle square theatre march opened april nominated won including cast album received nomination grammy award best musical theater album production set close september background development writer artist book memoir comics format published critical acclaim subject coming age particular emphasis relationship father coming lesbian complicated revelation bruce homosexual relationships including encounters males age consent months comes parents bruce killed oncoming truck evidence concludes committed suicide book adapted musical book lyrics music writing slate june thomas called play mainstream musical young lesbian adaptation developed course years august staged reading performed cast staged reading continued roles broadway production musical workshop theater lab july featuring following ran weeks public lab series october november april musical selections play performed event final workshop held musical development process entailed extensive changes said original workshop script doesn resemble current play early versions production structured drawings creators later removed element save image bruce young musical conclusion revisions continued preview period broadway production requiring actors perform new material night productions premiered broadway previews september opened officially october originally scheduled run november run extended times musical closed january production directed sets costumes lighting projections choreography response controversy legislature south_carolina attempted financially punish choosing original graphic novel reading selection incoming broadway cast presented concert songs musical house charleston south_carolina april musical director accompanied cast musical began previews broadway circle square theatre march official opening april gold directed broadway production team broadway production including cast reprised roles broadway actors playing john december months opening broadway began profit costs relatively low small cast orchestra production set close september previews regular performances year long national tour scheduled begin fall international production planned premiere manila philippines late helen plot summary works memoir present day successful middle aged cartoonist recalls time periods life childhood age small struggles father bruce obsessive demands begins identify sexuality second year college medium begins relationship comes closet lesbian remembers child demanding father play airplane bruce sorts box salvaged barn comes bruce tells family visitor local historical society coming ornate victorian home restored wife helen prepares house bruce demanding aesthetic standard welcome house maple avenue phone father journal entry medium expresses anxiety starting college bad small brothers john christian hide bruce talks pete mourning young man children perform imaginary advertisement funeral home come fun home medium outside door college meets joan confident young lesbian bruce invites house roy young man hired yard work bruce begins seduce roy library helen playing piano upstairs trying best ignore helen medium writes letter parents mention joan bruce orders dress wear jean jacket bruce tells girl dress children laugh leaves dress party dress medium tells joan written letter parents telling lesbian begins second guess beginning wonder joan kisses night excited joyful having sex joan changing major considers connection coming father death small assignment draw map places family lived takes drawing way thinks look realizes despite having traveled lived europe father place birth life work death placed small circle pennsylvania maps bruce offers ride beer boy later implied sexual intercourse medium writes parents asking response coming letter small watches family bruce switches small talks finds going psychiatrist bad good like expresses annoyance lied actual reason going arrested boy helen tells small psychiatrist help father attempts bruce starts vicious argument helen breaks possessions library books small family happy family singing television love remembers time bruce took brothers new_york_city stayed borrowed apartment long day small christian john settle sleeping bags small wakes catches bruce bruce sings daughter going paper leaves cruising medium angered letter bruce responding coming father small notices delivery woman feels ring keys medium calls home demand fuller response parents mother tells father sexual relationships men boys explores tensions family time watches heated argument parents medium returns home vacation joan tow helen confesses medium devastation spending life marriage joan bruce unexpectedly pleasant evening piano bruce asks like drive adult realizes gone joins father car breaking boundaries time drive bruce struggle express telephone wire bruce engaged new restoration project tries fails find way hold life steps truck killed edges world newly reconciled past remembers draws moment perfect balance playing airplane father past flying away characters original casts character portrayed actors year old play narrator reviews family early life year old medium student discovering sexuality year old small child struggling father expectations original casts follows november left broadway production replaced role medium plays broadway production october lucas replaced role small previously shared title role played role april underwent hip returned role songs recordings songs closely integrated script list songs provided program original cast album released opened remarkable feat broadway cast album musical opened broadway new portions recorded parts recorded especially feature role medium includes dialogue help listener follow story song party dress added song small place short removed broadway dialogue scene new_york replaced need coffee bruce short song added scene flair dramatic album released track list release reflects musical numbers broadway production follows comes opening small father appeared enjoy having children bruce helen welcome house maple avenue helen small christian john bruce roy bad medium good talk dad medium bruce pete small john christian come fun home john helen roy bruce small helen john thanks care package medium joan small bruce party dress small bruce medium changing major medium closet small maps read book bruce small love new_york small bruce bruce flair dramatic joan medium bruce ring keys small let introduce gay dad joan medium bruce small shortly married helen medium days days helen ready drive telephone wire great home edges world bruce flying away finale medium small critical reception broadway production opened october positive reviews new_york_times spoke musical emotional impact calling beautiful musical fun home isn coming story coming age story comes awareness fully know closest grown secrets children exists degree family finds shining clarity lights night praised writer composer work says book precise lyrics essential spine score best varied score date captures story haunting ambiguity later listed shows new_york_daily_news called musical beautiful said speaks family families torn secrets lies listed theater list los_angeles_times mildly critical elements impressed saying plenty new american musicals better think recent years touched tender ironic courageous vulnerability states weaknesses reason succeeds saying gets start takes unnecessary musical staged rough style accidental intentional succeeds despite flaws large measure ironically self aware searching sensibility honored musical isn afraid reveal awkward positive slate said moments pure joy musical shines felt clear musical best second format material editor chief described best musical year calling emotionally packed piece theatre joy heart sorrow uncomfortable reality reviewing cast album praised set lyrics called master musical styles matches tone mix sensitivity humor singled days days praise calling piece musical theatre writing lauded performances stunning finest performances calling assured child actors seen called best musical new_york stage far competition far best musical season new_york_times music critic praised score masterpiece noting vibrant songs varied kinds music number young middle rescue fantasy influenced songs rhythmic figures shifting rich harmonies come create integrated entity praised ensemble numbers calling complex transparent dramatic anticipating play broadway online magazine heralded focus individual experience lesbian calling daring relentless analysis homosexual identity new_york stage right awards nominations production nominated prize drama inspired winning including outstanding musical seven winning outstanding new broadway musical won critics predicted win pulitzer prize drama musical finalist pulitzer flick won award pulitzer committee called musical poignant musical adaptation graphic memoir production won circle award best musical year old won performance category youngest performer win original broadway production nominated winning including female writing team win tony award best original score won best book won gold won best direction lucas production original broadway production | Fun Home (musical) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
23105_KennethMacMillan | sir december october british ballet dancer choreographer artistic director london principal choreographer death earlier served director ballet berlin associate director artistic associate houston ballet family background ballet music determined early age dancer director accepted student member company late 1940s built successful career dancer plagued stage abandoned twenties worked entirely choreographer created length act pieces addition work ballet companies active television musicals non musical drama opera mainly associated frequently considered outsider felt driven work companies career choreographer creations ballet ballet include frequently revived works life career early years born scotland youngest surviving children time time cook wife née father served army world war suffered permanent physical mental damage search work moved family wife home town norfolk attending local primary school kenneth studied won scholarship great target german air raids second world war school evacuated introduced ballet local dance teacher lessons scottish dancing tap dancing took ballet immediately mother died caused acute lasting distress father distant figure boy close family relationship elder sister times suggests feeling outsider displayed roots childhood grammar school returned found new ballet teacher help aged secured admission later saw performances given new theatre london dancer appointed chief executive garden end war assignment establish permanent opera ballet companies house set building opera company scratch persuaded garden main base ballet company student appeared production sleeping beauty reopened opera house non dancing extra later promoted small dancing role main company resident garden established smaller ensemble perform wells act training ground young dancers april founder member quickly progress cast principal choreographer leading role new ballet nobles october success piece encouraged revive les rendezvous initially corps ballet work unexpectedly promoted male lead injuries eligible company biographer comments able notice rare ability remember reproduce steps dancer piece appeared promoted senior garden company start season touring europe dancing act sleeping beauty company opening gala new_york october new role created great admirer ballet children corner followed professor lady fool despite rise company unhappy performer suffered severe stage leading roles ordeal gave months leave absence spent time dancing friend small group little away spotlight thames dancer moved choreography concluded follow course returned work confidence dancer somewhat restored took new set response ballet workshops group choreographed ballet given february received year followed small scale work introduced outsider character case female clown attends ball host falls love loses mask attractive eclectic choice music evidenced early works danced jazz composed second music strength workshop successes commissioned year old create ballet performance wells music produced january designs collaborated extensively years counts early influences said learned ballet times commented piece clear powerful talent arrived critic described piece display witty classical vocabulary remade creator knew cinema spoke movement language generation success concluded future lay choreography dancing fierce argument wanted continue capacities got way contract company slightly reduced salary purely choreographer appearances dancer performances ugly step sister alongside choreographer produced series act junior company choreographed based brothers garden created like worked television punch child television adaptation took leave absence spend months new_york working winter eve journey dramatic garden opera company staged ballet regarded critics best disappointing production generation entire evening works presented june new ballet given quadruple bill house birds work menacing echoes war oppression won praise territory seldom explored ballet critic times admitted dramatic impact strong glad ends work marked beginning association muse subsequent company granted royal charter known royal ballet smaller company based wells called late 1950s choreographed musicals stage world paul cinema invitation shown december probably controversial ballet act work rape interpreted provoked time mixed reactions press audience works early 1960s rite spring selected unknown junior dancer dance lead role chosen maiden dances death primitive ritual dance dancers described singular signal triumph performance judged brilliantly british ballet memorable performances times commented original attempt rite waiting choreographer work stage successful version date mid-1960s immensely successful strained relations management board turned proposal create ballet music der song earth decision grounds score unsuitable use ballet charge ballet invited create work huge success months taken piece length act ballet romeo juliet score choreographed insistence gala premiere danced decision commercial artistic reasons internationally known stars guaranteed house premium prices huge publicity words chosen dancers felt betrayed berlin disillusioned accepted invitation berlin run ballet company describes unhappy experience garden suspected favouring opera expense ballet discovered berlin house doubt ballet given distinctly lower priority speak german reduced enjoyment watching films great theatre limited generally everyday life taken colleagues including moved away course nearly years charge increasingly isolated time managerial creative role strain affected physical mental health smoked drank heavily suffered minor stroke berlin company created seven nobles act version sleeping beauty swan lake critic considers finest work berlin director artistic director stepped retired somewhat reluctantly retired year wanted wholesale change management coincide departure opera arranged joint ballet secured directors joint succeeded hall post instead moving run field run junior company found split left months director ballet milan awkward position widely known forced resented company morale lowered announcement field party ballet companies merge numerous job losses managerial post berlin felt creative work suffered seven year term expansion act version length work period divided opinion receiving fiercely adverse reviews ones ballet elite requiem immediately successful regularly revived dedicated memory died suddenly premiered song earth board thought chosen music requiem inappropriate ballet work given garden age hitherto unmarried enigmatic personal life married year old australian painter writer comments marriage saved physically mentally gave stability private life resolved confused sexuality daughter marriage royal ballet principal choreographer seven years director resigned wishing concentrate choreography succeeded artistic director background avant garde took post principal choreographer fourth length ballet dark work portraying austrian young mistress comments scenarios new act featured similarly dark themes disturbed family brother sisters asylum playground valley shadows included scenes nazi concentration camp version familiar audiences opera depict brutal fate lighter fin piano depicts way life 1930s soon shattered second world war described crisp requiem era 1980s ventured non theatre directing productions manchester theatre writing observer thought drama play failed spring fully life guardian praised immensely detailed atmospheric production second piece remaining chief choreographer associate director company staged new works wild boy requiem time music romeo juliet created new production sleeping beauty despite heart attack continued work intensely new ballet garden years new version prince company found original version satisfactory neglected composer lifetime thought piece successfully reworked cuts score estate refused allow alterations reverted classical ballet piece creating fairy tale work far accustomed style result judged best works marked emergence year old picked dance young heroine principal dancer joined final important muse created inspired sisters male leading character ballet tree died heart attack backstage performance general director announced death stage performance asked audience rise bow heads leave theatre silence night junior company presenting romeo juliet birmingham nearly finished work dances new production opened theatre weeks later family friends audience honours awards received honorary degrees awards include evening standard ballet award theatre managers ballet award posthumously award best new dance production tree tony award best choreography choreography length shorter works sources performance database website | Kenneth MacMillan | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
23891_LoveinSeveralMasques | love love play performed february theatre royal moderately received play depicts lovers trying pursue individual require lovers meet demands serves means fielding introduce personal feelings morality virtue addition fielding introduces criticism women society general play marks fielding early approach theatre begins create tradition 18th century theatre conventions critics emphasised little play serves fielding play possible sources play including possible failed pursuit lover fielding beginnings fielding reliance topic gender identity social ethics background love fielding play advertised january london evening post ran february theatre royal performances held february night author benefit play revived cast included members talented actors ran nights great feat popular opera performed time dominated theatrical community run printed february dublin edition appeared play later collected works edition fielding works later translated printed german information play run known fielding preface printed edition play printed love dedicated right honourable lady mary cousin probable read original draft play alluded dedication information reading draft comes letter written approximately september letter fielding writes send copy play honor reading acts spring hope meet light judgment goodness permits esteem greatest happiness life offer performances entirely sentence regarded play completed september listed september scheduled little information fielding editing work support suggested thanked preface supplying prologue dedication preface probably composed january february dedication preface likely composed nights february publication february cast cast according original printed billing lover played lover played lover played rival played rival played sir rival played lady played played played sir positive trap husband care played played maid played spoken epilogue spoken child actress plot plot traditional regards restoration theatre includes female characters respectable males non respectable males characters respectable male meets female counterpart times parallel incident letters primary plot play deals pursuit help friend able overcome lovers struggles order prove worth win love secondary plot involves desire marry woman named cousin kept externally uncle sir workings aunt internally wishes trap angered steps defends marriage saying marry like cousin play ends song beauty virtue lovers preface printed version play included self conscious preface believe plays world greater disadvantage succeeded comedy continued space nights received great bestowed secondly temporary entertainment talk admiration town difficulties require superior force raw pen believe appeared early stage audience play received greater satisfaction promised merit preceded provoked husband continued cast especially effort roles preface served model fielding later included novels themes love traditional comic drama incorporates morality theme play relationship courtship discussion nature love fielding focuses men deal love marriage gentlemen prove worth justified marriage allows fielding describe traits required successful male act deals primarily gentlemen order establish focus characteristics fielding play serves representation belief relationship morality beliefs introduces character types use plays novels negative characteristics apparent audience characters immoral unable accomplish goals main characters decent individuals able help way time audience able believe vice conquer satire regardless able conclude fielding satire marriage market effective biting character introduces feelings london community problems reflections portrayed correct lacking focused bad aspects life ideas result removing society preference company classical books realise play suggests people response believes philosophical play later reveals views mask hide feelings views love serve means comment society characters discuss proper role females society serving dialogue reveals females control domestic sphere men allowed dominate area suggest fielding supports repression females instead women way discuss internal aspects humans including emotions morality feminist critic points fielding mock women abuse relationship internal emotions morality order dominate assume power feminist critic sees gender play different light actions words moderate approach females women victims men individuals choose man enjoy image play deals hiding identity fielding like focuses genre deals social altering identities format fielding extends image discuss society social gender roles fill fielding problem act license willing accept lesser actions instance sexual type treated differently like sir lord formal sir criticised corrupted order trap formal old families attachment age families attempts use justify beliefs proper ridiculed play particular able point flaws critical response love success fielding writes preface play received greater satisfaction promised merit play later quoted fielding plays according anthology reading purposes supplied far witty bits fielding plays representative holding stage eighteenth nineteenth century critics little discuss play simply lists play companion history stage makes short comment dialogue said play moderate account english stage page devoted love review collection fielding works calls play written imitation smart witty dialogue contains affected ingenious comparisons author forces dialogue brilliant life henry fielding connected play enjoyed dialogue twentieth century critics tend range opinions play argues dialogue smart plot compact fairly ingenious characters conventional comic types deserved fact achieved qualified success believes play truth good fielding offers love plots narrative clumsy believes characterisation play deserves merit play argues critics identified fielding art clear moral purpose conspicuous moral tone argues play noticed mainly fielding play example imitation form supposedly marked beginning dramatic authorship impressions play real tradition critical discussion fielding biographers simply states standards day play failed succeeded running nights | Love in Several Masques | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
26123_TheDyingSwan | dying swan dying swan originally swan solo choreographed saint des occasion performed times short ballet minutes follows moments life swan presented russia ballet influenced modern interpretations swan lake inspired non traditional interpretations adaptations background inspired seen public parks alfred lord poem dying swan asked create solo concert given artists chorus suggested saint cello solo playing home friend piano accompaniment agreed rehearsal arranged short dance completed quickly remarked august improvisation danced directly danced walked alongside curving arms details poses prior composition accused tendencies rejecting toe dancing general dying swan answer criticism dance symbol new russian ballet combination technique like proof dance satisfy eye medium eye penetrate soul told author small work revolutionary illustrated transition old new use technique old dance traditional costume highly developed technique necessary purpose dance display technique create symbol struggle life mortal dance body limbs appeals merely eye emotions imagination plot summary ballet originally entitled swan acquired familiar title following interpretation work dramatic arc life dance composed principally upper body arm movements tiny steps called french critic wrote arms folded slowly circles stage motions hands returning background emerged horizon moment fly exploring confines space soul tension gradually earth arms waving pain irregular steps edge stage leg bones like strings swift forward motion right foot earth left knee aerial creature struggling bonds pain dies performances critical commentary dying swan performed gala hall russia friday december performed united_states new_york march american dance critic photographer noted ballet exquisite specimen art given public performed role times deathbed reportedly cried prepare swan costume granddaughter notes ballet enormous technical demands dancer enormous artistic ones movement gesture different experience emerging attempting escape death notes modern performances significantly different grandfather original conception solo today appear variation swan lake death door ballet able transform swan states death swan simply metaphor legacy recorded dancing dying swan silent nearly complete film sound post applied short ballet influenced interpretations swan lake particularly parting lovers scene dance immediately adapted following premiere globe suit techniques result published official version choreography highlighted photographs wife demonstrating ballet poses later date trained commented original choreography scattered fragments remain created walking running ballet step usually executed points toes subsequently performer piece taste risk russia danced version experienced certain discomfort sentimental stuff rushing stage arms contemporary eye conventions look dance needs total emotional abandon conveying image struggle death surrender emotional content helped film work saw today swan striking flawless feeling style animated face certain melodramatic details ballet variously interpreted adapted russian film dying swan director example tells story artist interpreted swan simply elderly resisting effects aging like eventually piece came considered recently perform parody version emphasizes excess dormant choreography street theatre artist created act based ballet performed international street theatre festivals comedy events traditional contemporary style figure performed dying swan choreography inspired original ballet olympic bronze reviewed professional debut new_york_times noted crowd settled quickly receptive mood famous interpretation dying swan giving ice effect water night outlined blue light performed dance immortal agrees suited medium ice doubt miss rendition lovely thing toe work start leaves feeling belong skating forth free spirit ease movement ballet produce including new york city ballet dying swan arms swan lake making exit end act scene | The Dying Swan | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
26232_LadyMacbeth | character shakespeare wife play antagonist scottish nobleman committing queen scotland later suffers guilt crime dies stage act apparent suicide according king duncan wife siblings cousins duncan wife stronger claim throne jealousy hatred duncan character origins lie accounts duncan chronicles history britain familiar shakespeare shakespeare appears composite separate distinct work wife account king ambitious wife account king duncan powerful presence play notably acts following murder king duncan role plot spectator plotting nervous banquet dominated husband fifth act scene turning point play line damned spot phrase familiar speakers english language report death late fifth act provides inspiration tomorrow tomorrow tomorrow speech analysts character conflict impressed cultural norms instincts compassion associated favour ambition pursuit power conflict colours entire drama sheds light gender based present role attracted countless notable actors centuries including origins shakespeare appears composite found account king account king duncan chronicles account king captains suffers deaths orders king considers setting wife showed means accomplish act wife king servants food drink letting fall asleep couple admit king room commit murder motivation revenge ambition account discussion confined single sentence words weird sisters heard greatly encouraged specially wife lay sore attempt thing ambitious burning desire bear queen found invocation spirits tend mortal thoughts scene details found drama concerning death wife traced real world counterpart scotland shakespeare fictional character tied weakly bonds virtually non existent role play makes appearance late scene act learns letter husband future king overnight guest opportunity effect murder aware husband temperament milk human kindness committing plots details murder husband arguments reminding matter courage finally winning designs king night drugs lays ready commission crime kills sleeping king waits nearby brings king room lady orders return scene crime refuses carries room blood couple retire wash hands following murder king duncan role plot duncan sons flee land fear lives appointed king consulting queen plots murders order secure throne royal banquet queen forced dismiss guests appearance profound dies stage suicide suggested cause declares died self violent hands source play referred variously wife lady lady scene scene celebrated scenes shakespeare counterpart shakespeare source material play chronicles solely invention notes exception scene closing lines scene entirely prose major character tragedy appearance denied dignity verse according bradley shakespeare generally assigned prose characters exhibiting abnormal states mind abnormal conditions regular rhythm verse inappropriate characters having lost balance mind subject images impressions rational connection blood hand clock striking husband reluctance brought forth mind chance order image deepening bradley brief sentences voice truth spare simple construction character expressing misery washing hands rid blood reminiscent hand washing common obsessive disorder analyses role anti mother article murdering mother early modern england argues wants power power conflicted status early modern england chamberlain argues negative images mother figure discusses ability bash brain breast reflect controversies concerning image early modern england early modern england mothers accused hurting innocent lives placed hands mothers early modern england condemned fantasy fantasy chamberlain argues struggling man struggling condemnation bad mother common time takes slightly different view article strange lady states wish away asking spirits eliminate basic biological characteristics main biological characteristic focuses argues asking crying spirits thick blood stop access passage remorse asks cycle stop having cycle stop hopes stop feelings sensitivity caring associated females hopes like man stop sense remorse argument connecting stopping cycle persistent motifs play gives examples finger thrown slaughter brains dash argue represents ultimate anti mother smash baby brains stop means altogether witch literary critics historians argue represent anti mother figure general embodies specific type anti mother witch critic defines witch woman force lust devil reason desire obtain supernatural powers evil spirits english physician published disease called mother speculated force literally derived female sexual reproductive organs published studies women especially mothers witch possessed findings helped create foundation views popularized renaissance relationship women refers women wicked study male domination feminist interpretation witch empowered woman claim feminist historians like witch figure celebrated defiance general sense empowerment challenged authority hierarchy specifically threatening sex gender systems view associates extension evil heroism sexuality relate fact spirits witch act establishes similarity way weird sisters play use powers language spiritual powers turn influence physical events case workings state workings woman body like instrument bringing future proves defiant empowered explicit threat system governance challenging murdering king duncan despite fact calls remains reluctant asks beast wasn break enterprise man man masculine conception power pleading weird sisters depicted figures associated perceived extreme type anti mother considered capable cooking eating children express violence child degree certainly expresses sense brutality states smash head performance history boy actor played performance likely shakespeare tragedy april performance witnessed described manuscript book plays notes thereof common policy account establish play shakespeare work subject role talents boy actor played man early performances century played opposite words bent cruelty starred production theatre royal offered psychologically intricate portrait tradition especially praised moving audiences scene depiction soul profound view established character essence drama commented performance speaking character ought pass manner acting conceive nature superior order dropped higher sphere awe world majesty appearance power seated passion breast shrine tragedy coming sleeping scene eyes open sense shut like person unconscious lips moved gestures mechanical stage like seen character event life forgotten professor english literature london thought actress noisy scenes duncan murder come spirits speech simply closing hold hold shouted manner given suck speech thought poured speech way recalled door shop believed essentially feminine exclusively gifted art expressing beautiful graceful succeed inspiring like awe terror thought talents second phase character found good banquet scene scene described having air studied dramatic performed scene clad critic noted stormy dominant woman eleventh century equipped emotional nineteenth century played role old prince theatre played role old production played opposite shakespeare memorial theatre place played infamous husband wife production notable late 20th century included performed role film adaptation new_york_times december lady pop eyed dame driving determination highlights face likewise influence suggested lines couple hot developed adequately passion conflict resides play seriously neglected truncated rendering described performance uneven stated unique exhibition rank scenery performance like published tragedy play american author playwright offer sequel resolve loose ends particularly reference having child historically previous marriage having remarried widowed written blank verse play published critical acclaim starred opposite adaption play performed manchester festival transferred new_york limited engagement played character film adaptation opposite popular culture united_states president bill_clinton campaign american presidency august article lady little rock articles major publications drew comparisons wife questioning hillary_clinton ideological ethical record comparison shakespeare famous character suggesting parallels | Lady Macbeth | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
27822_2012SummerOlympicsclosingceremony | summer olympics closing ceremony closing ceremony london summer olympics known held august olympic stadium closing ceremony created worldwide broadcast began utc finished lasting hours minutes stadium turned giant representation designed people ceremony reportedly cost million summer olympics officially closed called london games happy glorious ceremony included host city summer olympics rio_de_janeiro saw olympic flame extinguished olympic flag lowered main evening featured hour symphony number british pop acts appeared tributes john_lennon fashion industry included section rio marked minute section known embrace created featuring gave speech volunteers london thanked average million viewers united_kingdom watched event estimated million worldwide critics generally positive noted good opening ceremony foreign reviews questioned understood british film television criticised song choice criticised demonstrating olympic past behaviour performers initially reluctant appear high profile acts turned perform ceremony nbc america prime new_zealand criticised viewers broadcasts ceremony concert close olympics featuring new order specials production creative director choreographer responsible design musical director arnold announced role said closing ceremony honour lifetime opportunity stated excited honoured involved said delighted greatest earth minister sport olympics stated delighted high quality team working ceremony stated best british creating games executive producer charge production design ceremony cost million artists paid contractual purposes performers took comprising adult volunteers original host professionals rehearsals volunteers scale site said putting shiny colourful don want bang culture want fun added sense said creators happily chance visually draw british imagination offer said going beautiful cheesy camp silly thrilling added times amazing british music thought greatest party celebration terms arts arnold devoted years working ceremony turned work including said fun music section rio aimed express embrace thomas stated rio want sophisticated mix things things believe mix pop culture representation arena designed celebrate anarchy diversity british pop art extension energy contemporary british culture approached november agreed design called artwork beautiful union jack celebratory patriotic olympic explosion photographs stadium artwork graphic designers having spent months creating super high resolution images printing performers declined perform including rolling_stones david_bowie according industry apparently refused twice agreed announced tour girls said reluctant appear feeling event staged minimal cost manager persuaded perform turned chance perform asked play queen duke edinburgh scheduled attend formal role head state ceremony royal family represented princess royal performance synopsis ceremony began filmed countdown showing numbers london locations road signs palace westminster clock tower camera river thames tower bridge turning left stadium audience completed second countdown start ceremony arena transformed huge representation black white ramps famous london landmarks newspaper set road vehicles sought day life london words british literary figures william_shakespeare poet appeared truck sang verse chorus read iii urban voices collective choir ceremony sang beatles merged sat playing accompanied performing household items suspended sculptures landmarks god save queen time winston_churchill appeared reprised speech read opening ceremony paper covered motor vehicles entered churchill finished speech people dressed newspaper print began fill arena ranging office workers school children beat music got faster london rush hour noise reached churchill cried stop bringing section end wales prince harry representing queen arrived president performed national anthem united_kingdom whilst union flag raised armed forces performers mini union flags stadium flag raised artwork revealed grey clouds removed street party section started footage italian job counting reliant horses exploded jumping dressed batman robin words supposed blow bloody doors echoed stadium newspaper removed colourful street party erupted madness performed house followed marching whilst playing entering pet shop boys performed hit west end girls direction performed makes beautiful performance centre arena cleared reveal britain winners performed beatles day life inspired idea commuter way work forming bed london bus arrived black cab played sunset continued local school children formed thames section closed reprising read iii montage athletes crying victory defeat shown screens parade athletes greece led entrance flags flags filed strains parade athletes composed arnold marched central cross union flag great_britain bringing rear volunteer wearing blue suits blue bowler hats light marched stadium athletes walked entrances lower stands time elbow performed open arms day like volunteer helped usher athletes ramps arena athletes streamed stadium flags moved volunteers closer reprise songs opening section played comes sun opened segment performers entered carrying white boxes event olympic games drumming merged newly recorded version running hill deal god performers arranged boxes form pyramid video highlights previous days competition shown screens followed victory ceremony tradition final medal ceremony games president awarded medals national anthem played athletes including presented flowers volunteers symbolic recognition volunteers contribution games ceremony accompanied beatles comes sun section commenced queen bohemian played graphic shown screen john_lennon appeared big screens joined singing imagine bust face created balloons released end followed singing freedom white light group followed invading arena carried stage band proceeded cover wizard song continued circle arena extracts david_bowie songs followed accompanied images continued billboards artwork models arrived stadium representing british fashion industry artwork dropped reveal models standing wearing wearing wearing wearing wearing wearing georgia wearing wearing wearing models concluded section turning proceeded centre walking single fashion wooden boat carried board proceeded sing little bird followed joined feeling pink floyd genesis cover floyd wish near end song performer appeared stadium walked shook hands burst flames referencing cover floyd album wish psychedelic bus enters sitting singing pure imagination chocolate factory introducing played right right bus slowly transformed large octopus rolls phantom arrived roof taken reveal sang hit price tag cars lap stadium provided guest vocals car roof removed sang written stars car carried sang dynamite left cars combine cover bee dancing number black entered stadium lit led lights decorated individual trademark sparkling black faster stripes scary leopard print baby pink girls emerged performed life halfway performance ascended roofs proceeded race stadium whilst singing dancing roofs followed performing oasis played tribute aviation performed near end song human died rolled sang look bright life accompanied variously roller morris dancers roman soldiers musicians dancers reading scottish pipe band led pipe major human fired arena muse appeared proceeded sing official song london survival darkness trucks screens entered went centre stadium appeared screens stadium displayed vocal improvisation taken queen stadium concert brian performed guitar solo joined form queen wore long yellow jacket homage mercury accompanied pair rock fireworks ended section road rio section began greek national anthem played raising flag followed olympic anthem lowering flag mayor london handed turn passed mayor rio_de_janeiro followed brazilian national anthem raising flag raised february opening ceremony winter olympics embrace rio provided minute segment introduce world city created entitled embrace showcase presented indigenous latin culture mock performers began street cleaner dancing joined sailor section continued carnival parade artists performed including singers dressed african water goddess appearance model villa received tributes concluded appearance wearing brazilian football shirt number model rio logo brazil section finished fireworks display closing games appeared stage form arrow pointing rio thanked people helped olympics happen said volunteers received huge cheer right london thanked country getting games recalled words games concluding games went thank athletes spirit olympics inspire generation concluding time came britain right thanked olympic team saying superb job said tonight wonderful volunteers needed heroes games british public athletes said athletes earned right called fair play shown looked forward paralympic games concluded calling games happy glorious proceeding close competition calling youth world assemble rio ending thank london spirit flame arms holding copper formed olympic lowered fireworks set smoke cleared phoenix seen flames performed rule world followed flying stadium guise phoenix joined male principal dancers royal ballet proceeded perform dance called spirit flame extinguished finale closing act ceremony performed medley songs riley feel generation montage images games volunteers appeared big screen star performers appeared stage band participants ceremony marched set concluded massive fireworks set stadium technical aspects total individual led create images lasting minutes created crystal animation constructed team whilst team created rio segment images including models high end drifting clouds london paint rooftop shot effects broadcast olympic closing ceremony featured channels online ratings reviews estimated worldwide television audience million watched event early data suggested british audience averaged million hit peak million daily_telegraph commented ceremony fun lacked performers utterly direction girls got tone exactly right writing independent said slick impressive visually startling eccentric good fun added opening statement intent national values hour long british stadium rock design guardian writer wrote sure review mix pop concert street party presentation ceremony added communicated energy british popular culture past decades olympic ceremonies tremendous job lending orthodox olympic rituals blast theatrical alexis_petridis writing paper said lack inducing moment daily_mail ceremony truly reflected britain musical heritage described opening section dull dull dull asked follow entertainment challenged logic clips artists bush declined appear said fashion section herald forbes wrote touches brilliance beauty time called performance thought remote controls stadium people reaching undisputed champions night hollywood reporter noted generation star crowd wonders non british viewers understood references horses concludes rio preview marathon preceded reminder olympics spectacle sport called inspirational brave professional performing despite losing fourth child august attracted criticism singing new song white light ceremony critics saw promotion michael replied chance thank supporters didn regret appearance dying pneumonia white light experience appearances seen controversial previous behaviour reflected olympic ideals opening ceremony united_states broadcaster nbc criticised coverage performers known writing forbes said wrong air performances muse delaying performance hour broadcast pilot sitcom followed late local news new_zealand prime criticised delayed coverage running minutes sky sport philippines criticised aired hour coverage ceremony highlights incorporated morning news programme music artists appeared live recordings read iii urban voices collective julian lloyd featuring london symphony orchestra london symphony orchestra god save queen madness featuring house bands pet shop boys west end girls direction makes beautiful beatles day life ray davies sunset read iii reprise london symphony orchestra parade nations athletes cover elbow featuring open arms day like madness featuring house reprise household division ceremonial state band cover reprise pet shop boys west end girls reprise direction makes beautiful reprise kate bush running hill deal god remix medal ceremony land beauty urban voices collective comes sun beatles cover queen bohemian liverpool youth choir featuring john_lennon imagine george michael freedom white light wizard david_bowie space changes jean rebel rebel diamond dogs young americans let dance fashion annie little bird featuring wish russell brand featuring london symphony orchestra pure imagination featuring bond beatles cover right right price tag featuring written stars dynamite performing dancing bee cover girls life eye electric light orchestra accompanied soprano reading scottish pipe band look bright life muse survival mercury vocal improvisation live stadium queen brighton rock queen featuring rock london symphony orchestra tin featuring olympic hymn london symphony orchestra cover cover featuring cover flame rule world john theme dances wolves spirit flame medley composed riley feel generation bands played live recorded total | 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
27954_Wicked(musical) | wicked musical wicked story musical music lyrics book based gregory novel wicked life times wicked witch west alternative telling film wizard classic story wonderful wizard musical told perspective plot begins continues arrival kansas includes references film novel wicked tells story unlikely friends wicked witch west later changes good witch struggle opposing personalities viewpoints rivalry love interest reactions wizard corrupt government ultimately public fall grace produced coalition direction choreography original production wicked premiered broadway october completing pre broadway san_francisco april original stars included wizard original broadway production won drama desk awards original cast album received wicked celebrated tenth anniversary broadway october february wicked performed performance making wicked 10th longest running broadway passing rent typical performance runs approximately hours minutes plus minute success broadway production spawned productions worldwide including north american productions long running award nominated west end production series international productions debut wicked broken box office records world currently holding weekly gross records los_angeles chicago london week ending january london broadway north american touring productions simultaneously broke respective records highest weekly gross final week broadway production broke record earning million west end production north american tour seen million patrons inception development composer lyricist discovered writer novel wicked life times wicked witch west vacation saw potential dramatic adaptation released rights planned develop live action feature film persuaded release rights stage production making called plea universal producer realise intended adaptation persuaded signed joint producer project universal novel described political social ethical commentary nature good evil takes place years leading arrival story centers misunderstood smart fiery girl green skin grows notorious west beautiful blonde popular girl grows good witch south story divided different sections based plot location presents events characters situations wonderful wizard film adaptation new ways designed set reader thinking wicked good intentions bad results bad intentions bad results considered best novel dense complicated plot sensible script end collaborated winning writer develop outline plot course year meeting producer structural outline spinning original stage piece creating strict adaptation work draft followed idea retelling story film perspective main villain storyline stage adaptation goes far novel observed interview brilliant idea hated figure tell things point view college way friendship develops plot different onstage justified saying primarily interested relationship friendship women characters lead completely different addition change focus major plot modifications include appearance survival end wheelchair instead born arms having continuing love interest eventually tin instead complete cutting years birth having wife children doctor murdered book lyrics score musical developed series readings developmental workshops tony award winning actress mind composing music character joined project played workshops original 1st joined broadway cast later fellow performer cast role late early creators recruited new_york producer began transition workshop production broadway production brought director choreographer winning designer created set visual style production based original illustrations novels concept story told giant clock costume designer created twisted style costumes lighting designer individual lights distinct scenes locations mood april cast assembled debut performance wicked held san_francisco start pre broadway officially opening june ran month finished june audience reaction positive critics tended compliment aesthetic spectacle state book score choreography variety commented positively directed designed cast production disapproved mediocre book lyrics largely generic music san mercury news wrote style substance real theme noting mixed response creative team started making extensive changes transfer broadway stated stephen insisted having months rewrite time closed san_francisco rehearsals new_york crucial thing biggest difference life time work elements book rewritten songs underwent minor included way party introductory song character subsequently replaced dancing life fear failed clear statement philosophy life addition concern got little overshadowed san_francisco_chronicle critic wrote brightly intense wicked witch needs chance holding alongside creative team set making character prominent subject broadway revisions recalled clear work revisions book score critical community frankly helpful learned lot reviews honest aggregate unlike new_york critics minds come theatre october musical opened broadway plot act cheering wicked witch west dead wicked arrives asks friends admits knew surprises leading tell story best friends tells changed flashback starts scene school arrives later known wicked witch west daughter governor heavily implied product affair governor wife mysterious stranger bottle green born green skin father despised affection younger sister confined wheelchair sisters pretty popular class dear old father says goodbye gives pair silver decides protection despite objections roommate ends disgust attempts sister wheeled away frustration physically explosion madame recognizes special powers decides teach teach heart set studying magic school tells powers allow work wonderful wizard dreamed wizard little feeling mutual feeling clash constantly classes history class animal professor university beginning suffer discrimination students shown writes animals seen heard tells conspiracy stop animals speaking wants let wizard know surely stop bad young prince arrived shares life philosophy dancing life decide party evening developed crush tries invite party convinces instead ask pity leaving free delighted tells sister meant helped happen offers hat wear party begins wonder wrong roommate party evening tries tell real reason invited unable hurt feelings madame arrives tell join class request arrives wearing hat gave witch hat students laugh dances feels terrible goes dance soon joins girls look new light room continue bond tells plans marry hasn proposed confesses father blames death mother died decides help popular gives roommate nickname popular arrives class day sees influence tells doesn need change enters tell class leaving longer permitted teach wants help stand students introduced new technological advancement cage animals controlled learn speak outrage contained ensuing chaos grab lion cage escape confused seen caught passion begins fall love share moment leave reminds pointless wish happen girl madame comes tells wizard asked meet come meets emotional distance tries win respect changing solidarity barely notices saying goodbye suggested feelings mutual invites short day girls stand wizard turns terrifying thought sentimental man promises grant request proves madame appears wizard new press secretary gives ancient book spells called gifted read asked try spell wizard monkey servant spell doesn way plans wings realizes wizard suppression animals tricked instead performing spell monkey actually performed spell realizes wizard thought powers merely read offers wanted help unable comply runs away order prevent truth getting spreads reports wicked trusted claims animal belief let hold best performs spell flies gravity act time later opposition wizard regime earned title wicked witch west smiling public wizard regime given title good positioned nation defender witch press conference celebrate appointment captain guard position accepted order find crowd panicked rumors witch including story melted water furious insistence want found shocked announces engagement news storms attempts cheerful press clear realizes dream life come great price thank goodness pays visit governor following death father says died shame heard taken away rights desperate attempt tries convince sister wizard concerned problems tries help giving power walk convinced love calls sees proof doesn need furious takes spell book tries cast spell fall love spell heart work spell save life slightly different condition wicked witch east awakens horrified new state man tin tells returns wizard palace free monkey servants comes wizard tries convince work telling evil mediocre man came position chance led stay reverence offers reputation wonderful won sees lost power speech vows fight wizard end guards enter followed helps escape decides escape leaving tells way capture think sister trouble sure come rescue love girl reprise taken surprise strength feelings promise long happiness interrupted suddenly vision house flying sky pain leaves investigate tells castle family owns stay meet site crushed house girl named inside fueled rivalry heated argument guards arrive arranged arrives holds hostage escape realizes truly love tells guards hurt don listen tries cast spell save life protect injury frustrated limitations power decides point live reputation west good deed citizens spurred testimony band help rescue wicked witch west realized control weather responsible death confronts tells blood hands advises smile wave flees horror warn angry mob sets kill march witch hunters captures refusing release things left dead sister travels castle warn danger persuade let refuses suddenly receives letter saying supposedly died women forgive grievances acknowledging mistakes help future gives friends embrace time saying goodbye forever acknowledge good mob arrives forces hide watches shadows throws bucket water appears melt away grief stricken sees remains friend black hat small bottle green slept confronts wizard bottle recognizes identical biological father cause green skin breaks powers strong child worlds orders wizard leave sends madame prison murdering castle comes spot melted making sure observing knocks floor trap door steps alive entire thing ruse convince enemies death ensure future transformed spell leaving regrets tell alive simultaneously returning musical starting point reports people west killed promises properly earn title good people celebrate leave finale cast original casts notes began 1st march block injury block returned role march standby 1st national tour march standby broadway november standby casts current productions cast january took standby african american woman play role black women played covered role dan far play time actress billed lead roles starred broadway playing los_angeles created role german dutch audiences joined broadway production limited run actress appeared different language productions later year transferred london company west end debut british joined company north american tour weeks completing west end run making performer play role sides atlantic longest running broadway west end respectively longest running broadway respectively took london person musical history play female leads having played production played countries productions fourth actress played role broadway west end date actress played madame west end original cast broadway repeated performance date actor played wizard broadway west end joined london company performed times youngest actress play role years old currently playing brazilian production second youngest actress play role years old played times actress having spent seven years role time contract january musical numbers music recordings music analysis score wicked heavily thematic bearing senses resemblance film score traditional musical score musical scores employ new motifs melodies song little overlap integrated handful production motifs indicate irony example presents hat dancing life score theme feeling scenes earlier espoused mutual musical themes wicked run score rarely motifs melodies earlier works theme came worked musical director liked tune lot figure remarked interview chord progression penned major theme orchestration changing instruments carry motif instance enables melody convey different moods tune carried orchestra brass section heavy percussion result words like giant shadow played piano electric bass long chord progression basis romantic duet new lyrics altered bridge theme forms core song wicked uses unlimited theme second major motif running score included titled song theme appears interlude musical numbers tribute wrote score film adaptation unlimited melody incorporates seven notes song rainbow included inside joke according copyright law eighth note people come stole tune course obviously disguised completely different completely differently different chord seven notes rainbow obscured motif origin setting minor key instances creates contrast songs forms example gravity written primarily key flat major song wicked witch east finally uses powers let sister walk unlimited theme played major key recordings cast recording original broadway production released december songs featured stage present recording exception wizard reprise wicked witch east short reprise wicked opens act attached beginning thank goodness music arranged conductor musical director recording received grammy award best musical album certified platinum riaa november album certified double platinum november fifth anniversary special edition original broadway cast recording released october bonus including tracks japanese german cast recordings making good song later replaced wizard sung piano girl featuring brian guitar dance mix gravity good sung german recording production released december featuring track listing arrangements identical broadway recording japanese cast recording released july featuring original tokyo cast notable cast album includes finale dialogue orchestration productions original broadway production wicked officially opened june san_francisco previews began presented cast included wizard madame doctor originally read role workshop development served ensemble member lead role closed june extensive musical began previews broadway theatre october official premiere october original production team cast members remained exception minor ensemble changes replacement wizard doctor added respectively north american productions national tour wicked called city tour producers started toronto ontario visited numerous cities united_states canada set open tour previews beginning march having sustained minor injury rehearsal temporarily took place previews postponed following day delay block debut march tour officially opened march original touring cast included madame doctor wizard decade shows tour concluded los_angeles march tour played performances engagements grossed million average million week seen million people cities closing cast included wizard doctor original touring cast intended play limited engagement april june chicago producers decided extend open ended run making non broadway sit production wicked opening chicago theatre day touring production finished original chicago cast included madame wizard production closed january performances touring production returned chicago special engagement december january celebration musical 10th anniversary tour played week return engagement returning october december open ended production appeared los_angeles california performances began february official opening february original broadway standby respectively madame doctor wizard production closed january performances previews national touring production returned limited engagement november january engagement played extended run lasting december tour closing performance march production featured wicked way comes episode broadway production wicked major setting plot point episode san_francisco production wicked officially opened february following previews january cast included madame wizard doctor production closed september performances previews national touring company ended second san_francisco engagement ran january february second national tour wicked called tour began previews march official opening night march barbara performing arts hall florida like touring production visited numerous cities north_america original cast starred madame doctor wizard london west end production began previews september 7th officially opened september 27th production currently booking april 29th celebrated fifth anniversary special curtain featuring west end cast members june production 10th longest running west end london production tailored slightly british audience including minor creative changes dialogue choreography special effects majority changes later incorporated productions wicked changes include meeting arrives addition wizard wonderful removed west end production reunited original creative team originated role broadway production original london cast members included madame doctor wizard limited engagement succeeded british woman assume role following year second actress play broadway west end productions wicked premiere friendly performance production working adapt people ireland tour began national tour ireland september palace theatre manchester played november played dublin cardiff glasgow leeds birmingham liverpool southampton edinburgh tour visited plymouth bristol concluding july original cast comprised west end standby ensemble member west end production alongside madame george reprising role west end production time roles wizard doctor played single actor time actor play roles single performance london november absence actors west end standby took tour second contract run making second actress played role west end touring production originally leave order return london company lead cast later announced end run august withdrawn tour subsequently appearing west end tour expected launch july open dates week run heading asia australian productions australian production officially opened july previews commencing june regent theatre melbourne originally cast original cast consisted wizard madame doctor guest unexpectedly died months melbourne season role taken closing melbourne august transferred sydney previews began september official opening september shortly run harrison forced leave role current standby australian theatre veteran began share role appearing shows week eventually confirmed returning cast closing sydney september production embarked national australian tour began brisbane week delay queensland floods performances began january ran april sole lead joining new touring production moved festival centre adelaide running april june final leg tour playing perth june september wrapping years performances australia asian tour began singapore december taking opposite singapore engagement tour closed april performances began seoul korea october premiere new_zealand previews taking place september official opening night september run concluded november played cast moved manila limited run january march having extended original closing date time wicked 10th anniversary broadway announced return australia commemorative national tour beginning melbourne returned continuing final cast included returned announced pregnancy wizard doctor original cast members madame seven years close performances different cities internationally wicked closed indefinitely theatre perth june announced non professional performance melbourne australian amateur premiere ran stage queensland amateur premiere july august subsequent international productions condensed thirty minute version musical played osaka japan australian original cast alternating role opened july featured preliminary storyline act madame doctor absent considerable changes sets costumes final performance took place january replicated non english production opened tokyo japan june production closed september preparation transfer osaka opening october osaka production closed february featuring production moved april original stars closure august production located performances beginning september starred respectively wicked opened tokyo august production closed november production located renamed wicked die von wicked german production wicked began previews november opened november played played played doctor played wizard production produced closed january transferred previews began march opening night march cast featured doctor wizard left role february consistently billed lead half years productions production closed september brand new production notable replica original broadway staging opened finland august preview performance took place august directed production stars doctor wizard second non replicated production ran copenhagen denmark january presented cast included madame doctor wizard dutch language production began previews netherlands october produced official opening took place november role german productions actress play role different languages joined madame doctor role wizard musicals usually run long open ended run netherlands closing night took place announced january following month run spanish language production opened mexico_city mexico october following previews october produced replica production plays child star shares role making year old youngest actress history role joined adam doctor originally cast wizard replaced previews unknown reasons play roles week korean language production began performances seoul november new replica production production located charlotte theater ran november october november company time fun leading company entertainment market latin_america announced adaptation musical brazil debuted march film adaptation film adaptation wicked talks producers waiting dip stage musical earnings universal_studios reported producing film director wrote musical book pen screenplay long development universal announced film released theaters december scheduled direct script written musical creators response awards nominations original broadway production wicked nominated tony awards including book choreography costume design receiving nominations won best actress award won tony awards best scenic design notably losing best book original score ultimately year won drama desk awards nominations including outstanding musical book director costume design addition winning outer critics circle awards nominations original broadway cast recording received grammy award best musical album subsequent productions received awards nominations west end production received award nominations later won audience award popular award ceremony original australian production received awards nominations including wicked named best musical decade entertainment_weekly magazine hailed cultural phenomenon variety magazine technically award character named entertainment_weekly list greatest characters past years critical reception broadway production opened october mixed reviews theatre critics received nearly unanimous praise performances usa today gave broadway production wicked positive reviews time saying musical brain heart courage wicked broadway magical place usa today described complete completely satisfying new musical come long time conversely new_york_times loved production panned calling sermon hand seriously power generic score noted role audience ends surprisingly nominally hero despite mixed reviews interest wicked spread quickly word mouth leading record breaking success box office described speaking commented reviews reviews know divided critics didn divide audience counts international productions opened similarly ambivalent critical reception west end production opened slightly upbeat response majority critics appreciated spectacle lavish production powerhouse performances actors roles contemporaries characterized production occasionally suffering hype heart daily_telegraph described times bit mess praised script described lighting design magical lauded guardian gave stars remarked lead actors complained wicked typical modern broadway musical efficient knowing highly professional like piece industrial product genuinely touches heart mind independent gave extremely negative remarks viewing london production calling attempt political meaning melodramatic superficial acting songs book concluding production manages feel commercial reception opening original broadway production wicked broken house record times regularly excess million week making lucrative productions broadway million broadway production took months break earning initial investment december year grossed million week ending january wicked broke record previously held musical producers highest weekly box office gross broadway history earning gone break record numerous times reaching november christmas week week ending november weeks later performances ending january million week ending january week broadway production broke record earning million wicked broke record final week grossed million final weekend wicked musical gross million week wicked productions north_america abroad equally financially successful los_angeles production took local weekly gross record performance producers bringing week ending march production joined broadway counterpart setting new record christmas records set chicago bring collective gross seven worldwide productions world record breaking million new suite records set christmas house records broken san_francisco providence broadway bringing musical week gross north_america wicked played million visitors chicago gross million making highest grossing chicago history june opening week gross continually set records longest running broadway musical chicago history producer told variety thought chicago production run months spend year los_angeles months san_francisco sales stayed strong producers created road kept running chicago addition million saw touring production years grossed million los_angeles production grossed million seen million patrons performances san_francisco production wicked sold million tickets cumulative gross million broadway production wicked welcomed audience member september productions wicked matched extremely positive reception box office west end theatres publish weekly west end production wicked claimed record highest week gross december taking week ending december june producers reported million people seen london production opening topped million reports stated consistently highest grossing shows west end week commencing december london production grossed highest single week gross theatre history attending performances wicked week melbourne production broke australian box office records selling tickets hours pre sales grossing million business day official opening april production passed milestone patrons transferred sydney production broke previous weekly box office records musical grossing week october week ending october wicked musical broadway history exceed million total gross seats sold broadway ranks tenth time september wicked north american international companies grossed nearly billion seen nearly million people worldwide original production runs today currently stands 11th longest running broadway history wicked celebrated performance broadway march productions reached performance milestone including north american touring company august chicago company november west end company february australian company second north american touring company august curtain success broadway production led development auxiliary curtain created original broadway production cast member played witch father roles addition wizard doctor taking principal role long running swing broadway company tour features ninety minute scenes look props masks costumes sets includes question answer session cast members broadway tour currently led long running ensemble member tour featured los_angeles san_francisco chicago sit productions run different long serving cast members tour provides scenes look goes putting day participants hand account like massive production wicked popular culture success wicked songs popular resulted references characters songs popular culture broadway production featured episodes television programs including war home filming purposes los_angeles doubled ugly betty episode titled wicked way comes betty protagonist goes wicked date accidentally stops previous episode brothers betty gets tickets wicked discusses friend relates status popularity beauty oriented environment addition simpsons episode sees accidentally sneak springfield production south_park episode broadway features wicked musicals shows contain episode messages persuade women performing oral sex boyfriend television series glee featured covers songs wicked times firstly wheels episode students rachel kurt compete lead solo song gravity secondly new_york episode students duet stage sing good 100th episode students sing gravity series penultimate episode students sing popular main character sings songs popular gravity trip mexico clip song popular plays movie entertainer sang version wizard retitled doctor tour adapted lyrics referring doctor character jack affection doctor played west end broadway recorded girl fifth anniversary edition original broadway cast recording recorded rock version gravity songs produced british musician brian featured extended play wicked rock debut album anthems performed version gravity royal variety performance alongside guitar dance remix rock version gravity later released played west end released acoustic version gravity wicked edition album comes sun star london covered gravity debut album reason singer sampled musical song songs popular popular song respectively american band released lightning pop series inspired wicked heavy influences including lyrics real girl perfect colour bright green lady like characters video cover art album bright green included style hat media diverse anime series red garden daytime drama graphic novels parodied wicked songs characters start second episodes miniseries tin man adaptation universe protagonist refers father vice common names pop echoing letter home start feeling second episode drama series huge characters wears university athletic shirt wicked long lines mentioned nickelodeon series broadway musical musical parodies act finale character lord gravity proclaiming gon bring followed belt atop castle end song killer instinct bring musical parodies closing notes wicked oscar winning song let successful disney film frozen won academy award best animated feature compared gravity similar theme similar singing style sung original voiced dutch german versions role frozen sang let languages role originally played played following success german dutch english language productions wicked | Wicked (musical) | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
27962_TwiceThroughtheHeart | twice heart musical work english composer variously described dramatic song cycle chamber opera dramatic song cycle cum scored soprano sets english language scottish poet based script television programme woman jailed killing violent husband originally intended length opera twice composed undergoing substantial reworking found form satisfied performed concert hall opera house critical reception generally favourable authors commenting positively instrumental writing emotional impact work critics limitations find mood work note great demands vocal writing provides background composition based poetry documentary written bbc television series words film concerned legal system treats men women kill particular law united_kingdom interpreted allowing defence murder context happened immediately homicide excluding battered woman defence considers broader context involved years violent abuse chose base poems specific true case woman refused evidence court years violence husband eventually led stabbing twice heart kitchen knife time programme broadcast freed conviction reduced plea accepted previously composed length opera greek worked musical version twice commissioned learnt original work shown copy bbc video poet artistic director difficult development point abandoning work favour pieces composer started intention developing length opera including soprano original television script included poems judge woman creators felt attempts expanding original work water impact eventually cut apart woman words text setting underwent repeated changes detail changed wording easier sing similarly revised music trying performance composer association able thoroughly workshop twice companion piece arriving respective final versions description twice heart lasts approximately minutes consists musical numbers arranged sections narrated woman prison cell sent murder husband express woman feelings deliberately chose voice wanted voice everyday music includes similarly basic material critic describes simple tunes transformed distorted metaphor initial loving intimacy destroyed distorted years violence abuse musical language modernist influenced jazz area musical interest shared instrumental scoring flute doubling alto flute doubling doubling bass horn trumpet piano doubling violin double bass percussion consists suspended bass drum pedal bass drum whip work way woman tells husband beat threatened picked kitchen knife defend inside woman jail thinking failed lawyer advice evidence husband violence want love remembers husband loved things went wrong child born sea thinks felt trapped house sea talk violence inside thinks husband heart broken like bones walls trapped walls house husband turning suggestions holidays writing instructions notes interlude instrumental section landslide husband buried land prison china cup locked decorated china cup taken home prison performance recording history performed june concert hall 50th festival accompanied conducted companion piece chamber opera country blind composed relatively quickly order programme twice turned shorter originally intended surprise decided follow original performances split queen staging main home london production premiered october conducting context companion piece opera set prison camp twice received mainland european premiere day earlier performance given germany twice received north american premiere canada given united_states italy belgium netherlands countries composer conducted work continued receive international performances example commercial recording singing conducting live performances recorded broadcast including queen original performers performance reception reviewing performance independent felt ore difficult birth strain ing find specific expression sharp angles steep provided work considered natural relatively quickly written companion piece critic instrumental writing came far successfully vocal praising use colour finding draining final climax particularly effective contrast found dramatic musically inventive works performed night new_york_times heard new_york noted influence strings percussion rock music appreciated musical language makes easier ears felt degree composer described theatrical good bad senses word reviewing recording times praised writing described twice heart awful clarity best recent output suggested listeners feel uncomfortable mix delivery documentary realism intended effect critics daily_telegraph later list disc best classical recordings chicago_tribune noted solo criticised verse reported held sensitive lyrical vocal writing translucent scoring woman suppressed anger fear rise surface music poignant gritty considering chicago performance freelance music critic taken use instrumental colour rhythmic twice heart sic misses works somewhat air melancholy text pedestrian moments repetition critics hostile poetry reviewing concert refers arresting text positive negative music critics assessed original work considering original television version twice literary critic praised contrasted voices use repetition adaptation medium listeners words attending conventional poetry reading saw portrayal avoided conventional masculine representation ruthless murderer overly simplistic feminist passive victim | Twice Through the Heart | Media and drama | Media and drama | Theatre, musical theatre, dance, and opera |
104_HMSBoreas(H77) | hms class destroyer built royal_navy initially assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred home_fleet ship patrolled spanish waters enforcing arms blockade year spanish civil war spent world war convoy escort duties english channel north_atlantic based dover gibraltar served brief tours mediterranean_fleet participated allied invasion sicily loaned year conversion escort destroyer renamed served rest war training ship war returned britain scrapped description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men increased wartime ship mounted calibre quick firing inch guns single mounts designated rear anti aircraft defence millimetre pounder guns mounted platform funnels fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began ship fitted type set detect submarines sound waves water reflect submarine october ship armament increased rear set torpedo tubes replaced inch pounder gun gun removed compensate additional depth charges added converted escort destroyer late replacement pounder high angle gun additional depth charge pounder mounts replaced war millimetre additional guns added forward superstructure total guns construction service ship ordered march naval programme laid july launched june fourth ship carry completed february cost excluding items supplied admiralty guns ammunition communications equipment commissioning assigned 4th destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet september transferred home_fleet service mediterranean uneventful shortly returned home evacuated civilians start spanish civil war july refit portsmouth lasted september multiple deployments coast spain march rescued survivors torpedoed nationalist heavy cruiser spain destroyer return following month ship began refit portsmouth lasted june escorted royal yacht victoria albert scotland july august ship escorted battleship revenge ocean liner september remained 4th destroyer flotilla april briefly served plane guard aircraft carriers home fleet later year ship assigned 19th destroyer flotilla start war spent months escort patrol duties english channel north_sea assisting damaged february stern damaged required repairs lasted following month ship attached 12th destroyer flotilla march damaged collision sister ship brilliant repairs lasted june assigned 1st destroyer flotilla dover completion july ship engaged german boats dover harbour brilliant badly damaged german dive bombers ordered withdraw bridge hit twice bombs killed officer crewmen repair dock january lightly damaged bomb splinters january fitted type short range surface search radar working ship briefly assigned escort duties transferred 18th destroyer flotilla sierra arrived april remained joined convoy august gibraltar ship rescued survivors ships returned gibraltar august received lengthy refit september january rejoined 18th destroyer flotilla january remained escort duty arrived alexandria egypt november escorting convoy cape good hope immediately assigned escort ships relieved siege malta ship remained mediterranean january briefly assigned 13th destroyer flotilla gibraltar returned february remained june transferred mediterranean_fleet preparation converted escort destroyer liverpool september february conversion type target indication radar installed bridge replaced director control tower rangefinder type radar replaced type ship loaned february recommissioned march damaged working scapa_flow repair hull april june assigned escort duty gibraltar october transferred served 12th greek rest war ship training ship war returned royal_navy malta october arrived tow april broken limited | HMS Boreas (H77) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
145_HMSMarlborough(1912) | class battleship british_royal_navy named honour 1st duke built january june entering service outbreak world war armed main battery inch guns capable speed knots mph served grand_fleet duration war primarily patrolling northern end north_sea enforce blockade germany saw action battle jutland june administered coup badly damaged german cruiser sms engagement hit torpedo eventually forced withdraw damage repaired early august years war uneventful british german fleets adopted cautious strategies threat underwater weapons war assigned mediterranean_fleet took allied intervention russian civil war black_sea involved turkish war london naval treaty mandated iron duke class battleships discarded variety weapons tests results incorporated reconstruction programme queen elizabeth class battleships design feet inches long overall beam average draught displaced long tons designed long tons combat loading propulsion system consisted parsons steam turbines steam provided eighteen boilers engines rated shaft horsepower produced speed mph cruising radius nautical miles economical mph crew officers enlisted men wartime increased ship armed main battery inch naval guns mounted twin gun turrets arranged superfiring pairs forward aft fifth turret located amidships funnels rear superstructure close range defence torpedo boats provided secondary armament inch vii guns fitted pair inch cwt anti aircraft guns pounder guns typical capital ships period equipped torpedo tubes submerged broadside protected main armoured belt thick ship deck thick main battery turret faces thick turrets supported barbettes thick service history laid devonport royal dockyard january launched nearly months later october commissioned june ship completed june month world war broke continent initially joined served flagship sir following british entry war august reorganised grand_fleet commanded admiral assigned flagship 1st battle squadron served duration conflict world war evening november grand_fleet conducted fruitless sweep southern half north_sea support vice admiral 1st fleet port scapa_flow november fleet initially remained port german raid december sent reinforce british forces area receiving information possibility rest german fleet sea gave order fleet sortie try intercept germans time retreated vice admiral cecil replaced aboard december time second command flagship grand_fleet december fleet sortied sweep north_sea concluded december event rest fleet conducted gunnery drills january west evening january bulk grand_fleet sailed support rest fleet engaged ensuing following day march grand_fleet conducted sweep northern north_sea undertook training manoeuvres cruise took place march april grand_fleet conducted patrol central north_sea returned port april patrol area took place april followed gunnery drills april grand_fleet conducted sweep central north_sea encountering german vessels patrol followed uneventful fleet conducted gunnery training mid june september fleet went cruise northern end north_sea conducted gunnery drills rest month grand_fleet conducted numerous training exercises october majority fleet conducted sweep north_sea returning port october november participated fleet training operation west cruise took place december typical routine gunnery drills squadron exercises occurred january fleet departed cruise north_sea february intended use sweep bad weather prevented operations southern north_sea result operation confined northern end sea night march rest fleet sailed scapa_flow support light forces raided german base april grand_fleet conducted demonstration distract germans defensive minefields baltic_sea fleet returned scapa_flow april proceeding south response intelligence reports germans launch raid grand_fleet arrive area germans withdrawn fleet conducted demonstration german attention focused north_sea battle jutland attempt lure destroy portion grand_fleet german high seas fleet dreadnoughts pre dreadnoughts light cruisers torpedo boats commanded vice admiral departed jade early morning fleet sailed concert rear admiral battlecruisers supporting cruisers torpedo boats royal_navy room intercepted german radio traffic containing plans operation admiralty ordered dreadnoughts battlecruisers sortie night cut destroy high_seas_fleet day battle stationed rear british line 6th division 1st battle squadron initial action fought primarily british german battlecruiser formations afternoon grand_fleet approached scene minutes later gave order turn deploy fleet action transition cruising formation caused congestion rear divisions forcing ships reduce speed knots mph avoid british ships initially poor visibility group german kaiser class battleships span minutes fired seven yards yards gunners claimed hits 5th 7th claims unlikely guns masked burning cruiser probably armoured cruiser hms warrior joined group battleships german light cruiser sms fired premature right barrel turret disabled gun engaged ship secondary battery engaged appeared kaiser class ship firing german vessel disappeared engagement german cruiser launched torpedoes struck starboard diesel generator room tore foot hole hull causing significant flooding forced forward boilers ship extinguished reduced ship speed knots mph initially reported ship struck hit torpedo torpedoes time torpedo boat forced rest ships division action engaged firing ranges yards hit german cruiser probably shells finally ship took hours sank shifted fire class battleships leading german line fired thirteen span minutes sms ranges yards scoring hits incorrectly claimed fourth hit phase battle fired torpedoes missed targets second sms kaiser pumps contained flooding boiler rooms took list degrees instead counter flooding list crew attempted correct list coal oil starboard list caused generators supplying power main battery turrets flood gun crews particularly shells transferred magazines turrets blast torpedo powerful watertight compartments damaged torpedo bulkhead damage badly damaged compartments sufficiently torpedoes approached evaded passed ship opposing fleets late day grand fleet steamed south attempt cut retreating germans destroy following morning slowed mph point june nmi rest fleet time bulkheads starboard forward boiler room started way strain forcing reduce speed knots mph damage control teams believed main battery fire supporting damaged bulkheads way greatly increasing risk ship detached ship proceed independently ordered scout cruiser fearless come alongside transfer battleship revenge proceeded northward speed knots mph fearless rejoined ships briefly fired german commodore force ordered reinforce grand fleet particularly relieve ships low fuel departed late reach fleet morning ordered destroyers escort port way fearless encountered british submarines submarines prepared attack ships fortunately recognised launched torpedoes destroyers joined pump lowered flooded boiler room pump moved clean roll ship threw pump damaged bulkhead knocking shores loose water flooded ship captain ordered fearless destroyers prepare come alongside rescue crew flooding worsened june sent boiler room time able pump clean slowly reduced water level ship ordered proceed temporary repairs forward main battery inch magazines emptied ship pumps brought aboard supporting damaged bulkhead reinforced morning june ship left receive permanent repairs escorted destroyers course battle fired shells main battery rounds secondary guns torpedoes torpedo hit killed men wounded repaired armstrong shipyard work lasting august departed arriving august repair work extra long tons short tons armour plating added ship primarily magazines alterations result british experience jutland battlecruisers destroyed magazine explosions later operations august germans sortied time bombard hoped draw battlecruisers destroy british signals intelligence german wireless allowing time deploy grand_fleet attempt engage decisive battle sides withdrew following day opponents submarines inflicted losses action august british cruisers nottingham torpedoed sunk german boats german battleship sms damaged british submarine returning port issued order prohibited fleet southern half north_sea overwhelming risk mines boats february revenge replaced 1st battle squadron flagship served second command flagship briefly replaced role emperor india temporarily private ship end year germans began destroyers light cruisers raid british convoys norway forced british deploy capital ships protect convoys april german fleet sortied attempt catch isolated british squadrons convoy passed safely grand_fleet sortied late following day catch retreating germans battlecruiser sms torpedoed badly damaged submarine sisters received flying platforms turrets handle reconnaissance aircraft following capitulation germany november allies interned high_seas_fleet scapa_flow fleet british light cruiser cardiff led ships allied fleet escort germans scapa_flow massive fleet consisted british american french warships fleet remained captivity negotiations ultimately produced treaty versailles believed british intended seize german ships june deadline germany signed peace treaty morning grand_fleet left scapa_flow conduct training manoeuvres away issued order high_seas_fleet postwar career march recommissioned devonport assigned mediterranean_fleet 4th battle squadron sisters class battleships period served black_sea allied intervention russian civil war support whites april arrived proceeding following day ship took empress maria members including grand duke nicholas prince aboard evening 7th empress refused leave british evacuated wounded sick soldiers civilians wanted escape advancing russian entourage aboard numbered people including members nobility number nurses plus cases officer vacated additional installed empress taking captain cabin morning april ship anchored miles constantinople uncertainty final destination russian royal family april grand duke wife grand grand duke wife princess marina prince roman count baron respective servants left ship boarded hms lord nelson destined genoa replaced count madame morning april good friday ship sailed malta ship departed april bound malta deposit russians returning constantinople conducted tests new high explosive inch shells peninsula proved unreliable period operated balloon aid spotting fall shot later month shell broke left barrel turret caused minor damage stationed peninsula ship provided artillery support white troops including positions villages british attention turned june arrived constantinople mediterranean_fleet concentrated support occupation city july british forces landed provided artillery support october battleship king george arrived replace mediterranean_fleet returned devonport paid major refit took place february january refit range installed range rear superstructure aircraft platform removed turret long base range installed turret completing refit january recommissioned assigned mediterranean replaced emperor india served second command flagship october following treaty allied countries withdrew occupation forces turkey involved escorting troop convoys constantinople briefly served flagship deputy commander 4th battle squadron king george damaged striking rock november 4th battle squadron renamed 3rd battle squadron march including transferred battleships served training ships ship inch anti aircraft guns replaced powerful inch guns january served squadron flagship relieving remained position months decommissioned june according terms london naval treaty ships iron duke class scrapped scheduled removed service broken scrap ship target test effect weapons capital ships emperor india tests included firing destroyer armament upper works close range test effectiveness simulated night engagement direct hits inch shells bomb tests experiments flash magazines tests conducted july magazine explosions system worked designed explosions caused internal damage destroyed battlecruisers jutland tests conducted dummy pound pound bombs test deck strength pound armour piercing bombs pound high explosive bombs detonated inside ship test effectiveness royal_navy determined bombs useless thick deck armour required defeat bombs led decision reinforce deck armour existing battleships 1930s placed disposal list quickly sold june arrived broken scrap | HMS Marlborough (1912) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
219_HMSHostile(H55) | hms hostile hms hostile class destroyer built royal_navy 1930s spanish civil war ship spent considerable time spanish waters enforcing arms blockade imposed britain france sides conflict transferred sierra october hunt german commerce raiders participated april july ship damaged passage august scuttled description hostile displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers hostile carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men peacetime ship mounted calibre inch mark guns single mounts anti aircraft defence hostile quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began service hostile laid scotland february launched january completed september excluding government furnished equipment like armament ship cost assigned 2nd destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet commissioning hostile patrolled spanish waters spanish civil war enforcing ship received overhaul gibraltar november december resumed patrolling spanish waters end spanish civil war hostile refitted dockyard july returned mediterranean malta world war began october ship transferred hunt german commerce raiders ship half sisters hardy hasty battlecruiser renown aircraft carrier light cruiser neptune december rio_de_janeiro brazil proceeding estuary case damaged german pocket battleship admiral attempted escape taken refuge losing hostile overhauled chatham dockyard january march rejoined 2nd destroyer flotilla assigned home_fleet battle april ship engaged german destroyer von badly damaged hitting times hostile hit shell little damage escorted badly damaged sister ship repair base set hostile briefly escorted battleship returned repairs april ship briefly returned norwegian waters escorted transferred mediterranean_fleet mid july hostile participated escort heavy ships force unsuccessfully engaged italian destroyers suffering damage ship sister hero destroyers ordered gibraltar august join struck route early morning august broke explosion killed men wounded took survivors hero fired torpedoes | HMS Hostile (H55) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
301_HMSBlackPrince(1904) | duke edinburgh class armoured cruiser built royal_navy stationed mediterranean world war began participated pursuit german battlecruiser light cruiser german ships reached ottoman waters ship sent red_sea mid august protect troop convoys arriving india search german merchant ships capturing ships transferred grand_fleet december sunk hands killed design description armoured cruisers new design duke edinburgh named edward black prince ordered royal_navy naval estimates ships designed royal_navy supervision new director naval construction sir new design significantly larger previous class cruisers mounting heavier main armament guns single turrets displaced long tons built long tons fully loaded ship overall length feet inches beam feet inches draught feet powered cylinder triple expansion steam engines driving shafts produced total indicated horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph engines powered water tube boilers cylindrical boilers ship carried maximum long tons coal additional long tons fuel oil sprayed coal increase burn rate capacity steam nautical miles speed knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men main armament consisted inch guns single turrets beam giving broadside guns secondary armament inch guns arranged single casemates mounted amidships main deck usable calm weather vickers pounders fitted turret roofs fourteen superstructure ship mounted submerged inch torpedo tubes operational history laid june shipyard london launched november completed march completed served 2nd squadron 1st 5th cruiser squadron beginning world war armoured cruisers serving 1st cruiser squadron mediterranean_fleet commanded rear admiral participated pursuit following escape german ships neutral turkey duke edinburgh sent red_sea search german merchant ships capturing german ocean liners november ordered gibraltar join squadron french british ships search german warships sea african coast cancelled november location revealed survivors joined grand_fleet december assigned 1st sir modified march result lessons learned battle inch guns removed casemates replaced inch guns mounted individually shields beam inch turrets loss ship participated battle jutland sunk heavy loss life circumstances sank mysterious years british lost contact ship destroyed unsure submarine surface ship responsible sinking battle 1st deployed screening force miles ahead main force grand_fleet lost contact rest squadron came contact german forces soon members defence warrior heavily engaged german battleships battlecruisers defence blowing warrior receiving heavy damage later caused sink positive sightings british fleet wireless signal received reporting submarine sighting night june british destroyer badly damaged german battleship nassau sighted appeared german battlecruiser widely spaced funnels described mass fire foremast mainmast deck decks flames issuing corner mystery ship exploded midnight later thought burning ship funnels having collapsed shot away recent historians hold german account ship sinking briefly engaged german battleship scoring hits inch shells separated rest british fleet approached german lines approximately midnight turned away german battleships late german battleship fixed opened fire german ships including battleships nassau friedrich der joined bombardment return fire ineffective german ships yards effectively point blank range contemporary naval gunnery ship hit heavy shells smaller ones sinking minutes survivors crew killed designated protected place remains act popular culture episode series australia series think australian writer actor comedian discovered great grandfather john steward killed | HMS Black Prince (1904) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
417_HMSComet(H00) | class destroyer built royal_navy early 1930s saw service home mediterranean fleets ship spent months spanish civil war late spanish waters enforcing arms blockade imposed britain france sides conflict transferred renamed world war served convoy escort battle atlantic anti submarine patrols invasion normandy employed troop transport day returning canadian servicemen decommissioned late sold scrap design construction displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men ship mounted calibre inch guns single mounts designated rear anti aircraft defence single inch cwt gun funnels millimetre pounder guns mounted aft end forecastle deck inch gun removed pounders relocated funnels fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge fitted capacity depth charges world war began increased depth charges delivered rails throwers ship ordered july programme laid september launched september 14th ship carry completed june service history sea trials commissioned service 2nd destroyer flotilla home fleet early june july damaged collision sister crescent chatham repaired chatham dockyard july august ship refitted chatham july september following italian invasion sent august red_sea ships 2nd flotilla monitor italian warship movements march returned april refitted april june resuming duty home_fleet july deployed patrol duties spanish coast intercept shipping carrying goods spain protect british shipping stages spanish civil war august assisted crew crippled british yacht small vessel shelled mistake nationalist cruiser ship briefly placed reserve late discussions held transferring sisters chosen instead recommissioned service mediterranean_fleet plane guard aircraft carrier glorious december april returned portsmouth glorious ship participated fleet king days later began refit portsmouth lasted june ship resumed plane guard duties glorious mediterranean began major refit chatham bring canadian specifications included installation type transfer june commissioned renamed refit completed august assigned arrived november remained ordered halifax nova scotia november escorted local convoys including convoy carrying half 1st december ordered plymouth arrived arrival ship rear torpedo tube mount removed replaced pounder gun pounders exchanged quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun june ordered france evacuate british troops found ship investigated small port miles northeast june found elements received orders evacuate refused whilst recovering landing party ship taken fire german artillery battery hit returned fire returning escorted troop convoys legs journeys canada australia new_zealand mid june june ship escorted ocean liner jean evacuate polish troops british refugees trapped german_army south western france operation june sister light cruiser hms calcutta returning jean rammed calcutta estuary night struck forward bridge cruiser bow cut half rear ship immediately sink ship crew rescued nearby ships rear portion sunk ship transferred convoy escort duties sailed halifax end august refit lasted october completion remained halifax local escort duties january sailed reassigned ship ordered newfoundland reinforce escort forces whilst guarding battleship prince wales august damaged propellers struck required repairs lasted october dockyard hands long badly damaged storm route join convoy december repairs lasted march director control tower rangefinder bridge removed time exchange type target indication radar changes war exactly occurred unknown included replacement gun anti submarine mortar exchanging quadruple calibre vickers machine guns mounted funnels guns addition guns platform removal pounder gun type short range surface search radar added pounder hotchkiss guns fitted wings bridge deal boats short ranges gun removed allow depth charge increased depth charges assigned mid ocean escort force refit finished served variety escort groups ship permanently assigned escort group april received refit august december rejoined escort group completion refit transferred early anti submarine operations june july patrolled english channel hunting german submarines trying sink allied shipping night july ship rest 12th sank small german patrol boats brest following month 12th including engaged august sinking ship sent canada lengthy refit later month working bermuda arrived halifax february began escorting local convoys lasted end war ship transfer returning troops newfoundland mainland canada paid october sold scrap ship bell canadian forces base naval military museum includes information baptism babies ship bell bell currently held british_columbia convoys escorted | HMS Comet (H00) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
603_DukeofEdinburgh-classcruiser | duke edinburgh class cruiser duke edinburgh class cruiser class armoured cruisers built royal_navy decade 20th century british armoured cruisers designed work protect merchant shipping commissioning assigned atlantic channel home fleets transferred mediterranean_fleet start world war august sister ships participated pursuit german battlecruiser light cruiser german ships reached refuge ships ordered red_sea convoy escort duties captured german merchant ships returned home end year sisters participated battle jutland sunk hands duke edinburgh spent year blockade duties north_sea transferred atlantic_ocean convoy escort duties rest war sold scrap design description preceding class royal_navy planned use armoured cruisers decided going form fast wing meant required heavier armour armament fight counterparts opposing fleets larger expensive armoured cruisers planned naval programme newly appointed director naval construction designed naval historian called cruiser editions king edward vii class battleships design worst feature designs predecessor sir placing secondary armament inch guns deck main armament meant guns dead calm sea solution problem offered construction began learned ships lighter expected weight available replace inch guns inch guns raised deck main armament change cost total ships far expensive rejected march duke edinburgh class ships designed displace long tons proved significantly lighter built displacing long tons normal load long tons fully loaded ships overall length feet inches length perpendiculars beam feet inches deep draught feet inches forward feet inches aft class feet longer overall displaced long tons ships complement officers enlisted men rolled quickly metacentric height feet deep load inch guns wet predicted cruisers powered cylinder triple expansion steam engines driving shaft produced total indicated horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph engines powered water tube boilers cylindrical boilers ships carried maximum long tons coal additional long tons fuel oil sprayed coal increase burn rate capacity steam nautical miles speed knots mph armament duke edinburgh main armament consisted calibre inch guns single gun turrets powerful gun guns distributed turrets fore aft superstructure wing turrets disposed corners funnels turrets traverse total wing turrets limited broadside muzzle blast gun elevation range inch shell weighed pounds fired maximum muzzle velocity gave range yards maximum elevation gun rate fire rounds minute ships carried rounds gun secondary armament calibre inch guns arranged single mounted amidships main deck usable calm weather guns traverse broadside initially maximum elevation later increased gave range yards elevation pound shell gun provided rounds vickers quick firing pounder guns fitted defence torpedo boats turret roofs fourteen superstructure pivot mounts guns small useful torpedo boats got torpedo range fired millimetre shell weighed pounds fired maximum muzzle velocity gave range yards elevation rounds carried gun ships mounted submerged inch torpedo tubes carried total eighteen torpedoes addition inch torpedoes foot steam armour duke edinburgh class ships inch waterline armour belt krupp cemented armour covered feet hull amidships covered ship upper deck height feet inches waterline reached feet inches central citadel bow belt armour inches thick extended stern thickness inches transverse bulkheads inches thick protected citadel fire faces gun turrets inches thick inch sides inch roof barbettes protected inches armour ammunition armour inches armour belt inch armour screens separated inch guns thickness lower deck inches patch inch armour steering gear inches thick engine cylinders sides conning tower inches thick modifications funnels proved short service raised feet years completion superstructure free smoke following wind march ships inch guns removed guns upper deck added forecastle ship foremast converted mast support weight fire control director probably added ships service duke edinburgh served channel atlantic home fleets world war stationed mediterranean world war began participated pursuit 1st ordered engage german ships reached ottoman waters ships sent red_sea mid august protect troop convoys arriving india escort duty captured german sisters rejoined 1st december transferred grand_fleet participated battle jutland separated fleet darkness fell sunk hands german battleships later night duke edinburgh damaged battle ship squadron survive jutland duke edinburgh ordered reinforce patrols north german blockade runners commerce raiders eventually transferred atlantic august convoy escort duties ship sold scrap | Duke of Edinburgh-class cruiser | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
622_HMSGlorious | hms glorious second courageous class battlecruisers built royal_navy world war designed support championed lord fisher lightly armoured armed heavy guns glorious completed late spent war patrolling north_sea participated second battle bight november present german high seas fleet surrendered year later glorious paid end war rebuilt aircraft carrier late 1920s carry aircraft half sister furious approximately spent career operating mediterranean_sea start second world war glorious spent rest unsuccessfully hunting german cruiser admiral indian_ocean returning mediterranean recalled april support british operations norway evacuating british aircraft norway june ship sunk german battleships north_sea loss lives design description world war admiral fisher prevented ordering improved version preceding renown class battlecruisers wartime restriction banned construction ships larger light cruisers obtain ships suitable traditional battlecruiser roles scouting fleets hunting enemy raiders settled design minimal armour light cruiser armament battlecruiser justified existence claiming needed fast shallow draught ships plan invade germany baltic coast glorious overall length feet inches beam feet draught feet inches deep load displaced long tons load long tons deep load glorious sisters large warships royal_navy geared steam turbines save time installation light cruiser champion cruiser royal_navy geared turbines simply doubled parsons turbines powered eighteen yarrow small tube boilers designed produce total shaft horsepower working pressure psi kpa cm2 ship abbreviated sea trials reached knots mph ship designed normally carry long tons fuel oil carry maximum long tons capacity steam estimated nautical miles speed knots mph glorious carried inch mark guns twin powered mark turrets fore aft secondary armament consisted eighteen inch mark guns mounted manually powered triple mounts mounts close tended interfere mount intended purpose provide high rate fire torpedo boats smaller craft pair inch cwt anti aircraft guns fitted abreast mainmast glorious mounted submerged tubes inch torpedoes torpedoes carried world war keel laid belfast shipyard glorious launched april completed october sea trials november courageous sustained structural damage running speed rough head sea damaged areas shortly prevent glorious suffer similar damage receive commissioning courageous served 3rd light cruiser squadron grand_fleet 1st cruiser squadron sunk battle jutland squadron formed courageous flagship sister ship glorious cost build costs glorious received half dozen torpedo mounts tubes mount mainmast upper deck mounts rear turret quarterdeck october admiralty received word german ship movements possibly indicating sort raid admiral commander grand_fleet ordered light cruisers destroyers sea effort locate enemy ships courageous glorious initially ordered sea sent reinforce 2nd patrolling central north_sea later day german class light cruisers managed slip gaps british patrols destroyed convoy bound norway morning october word received engagement afternoon 1st ordered intercept unsuccessful german cruisers faster expected second battle bight admiralty concerned german efforts sweep paths british laid minefields intended restrict actions high_seas_fleet german submarines preliminary raid german forces october light forces destroyed small ships admiralty decided larger operation destroy light cruiser escorts based intelligence reports admiralty allocated november cover provided reinforced 1st distant cover battleships 1st battle squadron german ships light cruisers destroyers divisions filled mark swept route spotted rising sun courageous light cruiser cardiff opened fire forward guns seven minutes later germans responded laying smoke screen spotting targets difficult british continued pursuit lost track smaller ships smoke concentrated fire light cruisers opportunity permitted inch hit gun shield affect speed left hand gun glorious forward turret wrecked shell detonated inside gun barrel 1st broke pursuit enter minefield marked maps ships turned south playing role battle glorious required days repairs right damage caused premature muzzle blast fired inch inch shells engagement ship received flying platforms turrets carried rear turret forward turret present surrender german fleet november glorious reduced reserve february served turret drill ship flagship conversion severely limited capital ship royal_navy forced scrap older battleships battlecruisers long tons existing ships converted aircraft carriers courageous class ships combination large hull high speed ideal candidate conversion glorious began conversion towed devonport completion commissioned february ship post conversion sea trials reached knots mph inch turrets placed storage later reused world war hms vanguard royal_navy battleship new design improved half sister lacked island conventional funnel superstructure guns torpedo tubes fittings main deck removed storey hangar level feet high feet long built remaining hull upper hangar level opened short flying deck forward main flight deck flying deck improved launch recovery cycle flexibility new fighters requiring longer takeoff rolls lower deck obsolete 1930s foot lifts installed fore aft flight deck island bridge flying control station funnel added starboard islands found contribute significantly ship carry imperial gallons gal petrol aircraft glorious received dual purpose armament sixteen inch mark viii guns single high angle mark mounts mount lower flight deck pair quarterdeck remaining mounts distributed sides ship refit glorious received pounder mounts flying deck forward inch guns island flight deck received water cooled calibre machine guns single quadruple mounting glorious recommissioned february service mediterranean_fleet attached home_fleet march june relieved courageous mediterranean_fleet june remained october fog april glorious rammed french ocean liner florida amidships steaming knots mph impact feet flying deck killed aboard glorious passengers crew aboard florida glorious forced gibraltar temporary repairs sail malta permanent repairs lasted september early 1930s traverse arresting gear installed refitted devonport july july received hydraulic upper flight deck extended rear quarterdeck raised deck received multiple mounts glorious participated returning mediterranean air group glorious carry aircraft recommissioned carried fighters torpedo bombers reconnaissance planes glorious returned united_kingdom april aside period mid-1930s carried squadron flew mixture fighters dozen squadrons embarked reconnaissance anti ship attack missions flew torpedo bombers reconnaissance aircraft glorious recommissioned refit squadron embarked initially squadron converted world war glorious served briefly mediterranean_fleet time world war broke october moved suez_canal indian_ocean force organized hunt admiral indian_ocean successful glorious remained indian_ocean december returned mediterranean recalled home_fleet april provide air cover british forces landing norway eighteen squadron raf flown aboard transferred norwegian squadron plus eighteen squadrons embarked glorious arrived central norway april squadron flown aircraft attacked targets south trondheim glorious return scapa_flow late april refuel embark new aircraft glorious provided air cover carriers damaged bomber reconnaissance mission departing transferred returned unable load new aircraft poor weather dozen squadron managed flown aboard task force heavy air attack luftwaffe day withdrawn evening dive bomber shot dropped bomb patrol glorious returned amphibious flying boats squadron squadron raf aircraft loaded aboard crane quickly flown airfield ready hurricanes aboard glorious returned glorious came area hurricanes quickly flown success proved british forces ordered withdrawn days later evacuation operation alphabet began north night june glorious arrived coast june provide support carried sea squadrons self defence hoped evacuate raf fighters possible squadron flown aboard afternoon june hurricanes squadron flown aboard significant problems early evening despite having higher landing speed flown land bases destroyed evacuation pilots discovered kilogram carried rear hurricane allowed brakes applied immediately landing time high performance landed aircraft carrier sinking commanding officer glorious captain hughes executive officer courageous months granted permission proceed independently scapa_flow early hours june hold court martial commander air refused order carry attack shore targets grounds targets best ill defined aircraft task left await trial way funnel smoke glorious escorting destroyers ardent spotted german battleships german ships spotted shortly ardent dispatched investigate glorious alter course increase speed ordered flight deck action stations ordered combat air patrol flown aircraft ready deck quick glorious crow nest opened fire ardent range yards causing destroyer withdraw firing torpedoes making smoke screen ardent scored hit inch guns hit times german ships secondary armament sank switched fire glorious scored hit minutes later approximate range yards hit forward flight deck burst upper hangar starting large fire hit destroyed prepared flight hole flight deck prevented aircraft taking splinters penetrated boiler caused temporary drop steam pressure second shell hit beacon bridge killed wounded captain personnel stationed effective visibility germans ceased fire glorious glorious hit centre engine room caused lose speed commence slow circle port developed list starboard german ships closed yards continued fire glorious sank approximately survivors german ships approached glorious destroyer trying maintain broke smoke fired torpedoes hit battleship abreast rear turret badly damaged managed hit inch guns german gunfire sank according survivors estimates men abandoned glorious german ships try save survivors royal_navy knew sinking announced german radio norwegian ship passage arrived late june picked survivors eventually delivering alive died norwegian ship making picked survivors sighted german aircraft forced return norway alive prisoners war years believed survivor glorious rescued german seaplane total survivors including ardent total killed missing glorious ardent total disaster failure mount effective rescue clearly embarrassment royal_navy ships encountering enemy routinely broadcast sighting report lack sighting report glorious eventually raised house_of_commons later known heavy cruiser passed miles battle flying flag vice admiral carrying orders evacuate maintain radio silence surviving glorious later testified sighting report correctly sent received suppressed departed high speed accordance orders alleged confusion use wireless frequencies board glorious contributed failure ship shore station receive sighting report cites absence normal airborne patrols glorious attendant destroyers conditions maximum visibility factor sinking glorious escorts memorials years memorial seamen lost ships stained glass window church east june years loss glorious ardent memorial plaque inscribed english norwegian unveiled near historical centre norway destroyers port acclaimed model model hms glorious renowned marine model maker built display | HMS Glorious | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
809_HMSAchilles(1863) | armoured frigate built royal_navy 1860s completion assigned channel_fleet ship paid refit armed recommissioned assigned guard ship refitted armed guard ship years later rejoined channel_fleet going mediterranean ship returned channel_fleet served paid recommissioned depot ship malta succession different names transferred chatham renamed multiple times sold scrap changes rigging armament british warship design description member naval programme designed improved version earlier warrior class armoured frigates complete waterline armour belt ship feet inches long perpendiculars beam feet inches draft feet inches displaced long tons hull subdivided watertight transverse bulkheads compartments double designed high centre gravity stiff ship rolled degrees storm ripped main masts split great length crew officers enlisted men propulsion ship single cylinder trunk steam engine sons driving single foot propeller rectangular boilers provided steam engine working pressure psi kpa cm2 sea trials march maximum speed knots mph indicated horsepower ship carried long tons coal steam nautical miles knots mph built ship rigged masts called bow fore main fore aft british warship masts carried total square feet sail area excluding greatest area spread british warship performance unsatisfactory wind beam removed june attempt correct problem weather helm replaced foremast moved forward feet july reduced sail area square feet barque funnels retractable reduce wind resistance sail armament intended armament changed times finally mounted received rifled pounder breech loading guns mounted upper deck served chase guns bow stern muzzle loading pounder somerset cannon main deck breech loading guns new design armstrong hoped firing tests carried september armoured target proved pounder inferior pounder gun armour penetration repeated incidents breech explosions battles caused navy withdraw gun service shortly pounder added main deck rearmed refit detailed data somerset cannon available inch solid shot pounder gun weighed approximately pounds gun weighed pounds gun muzzle velocity range yards elevation seven inch shell pounder armstrong breech weighed pounds muzzle velocity elevation maximum range yards pounder gun weighed pounds guns fire solid shot explosive shells rearmed refit seven inch inch rifled muzzle loading guns inch guns seven inch guns mounted main deck remaining seven inch guns replaced pounders upper deck shell calibre inch gun weighed pounds gun weighed long tons muzzle velocity credited ability penetrate inches wrought iron armour muzzle calibre seven inch gun weighed long tons fired pounds shell credited ability penetrate inch armour ship rearmed inch rifled muzzle replacing inch seven inch guns fourteen inch guns mounted main deck replaced seven inch chase guns remaining seven inch guns stayed position quarterdeck inch guns considerably bigger predecessors gun ports widened accommodate shell calibre inch gun weighed pounds gun weighed long tons muzzle velocity rated ability penetrate inches wrought iron armour muzzle armour ship wrought iron waterline armour belt ran length ship amidships inches thick length feet tapered thickness inches ends ship armour extended feet inches waterline main deck protected armour inch thick feet long protect fire upper closed inch transverse bulkheads end construction service named greek mythological hero ordered april iron warship built royal dockyard construction delayed need acquire necessary machinery handle iron train workers use ship laid august drydock floated launched december completed november cost served channel_fleet refit major armament portland armed completion ship liverpool captain assumed command ships admiral took dardanelles time russian war scare june august russo turkish war accidentally collided flagship mediterranean_fleet october lightly damaged propeller ship rejoined channel_fleet paid lay derelict april sent malta depot ship release new armoured cruiser renamed renamed march remained malta role malta assumed stone frigate fort brought home chatham year served depot ship successive names june june ship sold scrap january | HMS Achilles (1863) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
908_HMSMajestic(1895) | majestic class pre dreadnought battleship royal_navy commissioned largest launched time served channel_fleet following assigned home_fleet firstly assigned 7th battle squadron world war broke majestic rest squadron attached channel_fleet early stages war detached escort duties canadian troop convoys spells guard ship early dispatched mediterranean service participated turkish forts supported allied landings gallipoli torpedoed boat sinking loss men design majestic laid portsmouth dockyard february launched january fitting work commenced commissioned royal_navy year later december ship feet long overall beam draft displaced long tons short tons combat load propulsion system consisted cylinder triple expansion engines powered coal fired cylindrical boilers oil fired models engines provided speed knots mph indicated horsepower considered good easy roll good suffered high fuel consumption crew officers enlisted men ship armed inch viii guns twin turrets forward aft turrets placed pear shaped barbettes sisters arrangement sisters future british battleship classes circular barbettes majestic carried inch guns mounted casemates gun decks amidships carried sixteen pounder guns pounder guns equipped torpedo tubes submerged ship hull deck mounted majestic ships class inches harvey armour allowed equal protection cost weight compared previous types armour allowed majestic sisters deeper lighter belt previous battleships loss protection barbettes main battery protected armour conning tower thickness steel sides ship armoured deck thick operational history commissioned december served portsmouth division present fleet review diamond jubilee queen victoria june later flagship vice admiral sir commander chief channel_fleet captain appointed command june paid april captain appointed command flagship rear admiral appointed commander chief present vii august underwent refit portsmouth february july unit reorganisation resulted channel_fleet january october paid reserve portsmouth majestic recommissioned portsmouth february flagship new home_fleet stationed began refit later year received radio new fire control systems flag transferred ship january private ship june majestic transferred stationed devonport refit completed march transferred august underwent refit majestic 7th battle squadron july collided sister ship victorious manoeuvres suffering damage world war outbreak world war august majestic rest 7th battle squadron assigned channel_fleet majestic underwent refit august september covered passage france september detached 7th battle squadron october october escort canadian troop convoy end october majestic transferred serve guard ship november transferred serve guard ship december unit combined battleship revenge bombard german coastal artillery belgium december january based portland dardanelles campaign february majestic assigned participate upcoming open departed early month command captain join mediterranean_fleet arriving malta fitted termed catching gear serve joined dardanelles force february february departed bombard ottoman turkish inner forts dardanelles morning february majestic battleships triumph allied heavy ships enter campaign firing inner forts hours majestic took hit waterline able continue operations patrolled area february supported early landings forts hours march patrolling march arrived march march majestic entrance dardanelles bombarded ottoman turkish positions hours returned march patrolled dardanelles march returned march majestic participated final attempt force straits naval power march opened fire fort hours engaged turkish field guns hidden woods shelled fort ceased fire fort fired mortally damaged battleship ocean majestic hit times twice lower tops twice forecastle returned hours dead wounded crew members majestic returned patrol duties march shelled turkish positions march hours opened fire april hours april fired abandoned british submarine aground near danger captured picket boats majestic triumph destroyed torpedoes boat majestic sunk turkish shore batteries retiring majestic returned april april majestic action signalling london allied landings begun gallipoli supporting coastal hours brought wounded troops aboard hours recovered boats gallipoli night april action early opening fire hours april exchanged fire turkish guns turkish shells achieving near misses sides ceased firing hours april anchored gallipoli majestic relieved triumph flagship admiral commanding squadrons supporting troops ashore loss stationed cape majestic battleship torpedoed gallipoli peninsula weeks hours commander german submarine fired single torpedo defensive screen destroyers anti torpedo nets striking majestic causing huge explosion ship began list port minutes capsized feet water killing men masts hit mud sea hull remained visible months finally submerged foremast collapsed storm | HMS Majestic (1895) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
988_HMSDaring(H16) | hms daring class destroyer built royal_navy early 1930s ship spent bulk career briefly commanded world war daring escorted convoys red_sea october november returned january time years escorting convoy norway sunk german submarine february description daring displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers daring carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men ship mounted calibre inch guns single mounts anti aircraft defence daring single inch gun funnels millimetre pounder guns mounted bridge fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began career daring ordered february naval estimates laid yard southampton june launched april completed november total cost excluding equipment supplied admiralty weapons ammunition wireless equipment ship initially assigned 1st destroyer flotilla mediterranean brief deployment red_sea september october lord assumed command april daring given refit september october prepare ship service december sailed join 8th destroyer flotilla far_east served outbreak war ship arrival singapore lord transferred command commander assumed command ship sisters duncan diana transferred mediterranean_fleet shortly world war began september daring kept red_sea escort patrol work november overhauled malta november december ship escorted ocean liner belfast early repair portsmouth january daring joined 3rd destroyer flotilla scapa_flow february escort duties escorting convoy norway torpedoed february position command daring capsized sank quickly having stern blown ship company lost survivors rescued submarine witnessed attack acclaimed model model hms daring renowned marine model maker held | HMS Daring (H16) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1307_HMSHavelock(H88) | class destroyer originally ordered late 1930s bought royal_navy beginning second world war september later renamed participated assigned convoy escort anti submarine patrols ship briefly assigned force anti aircraft armament deemed weak rejoined flotilla leader early continued escort convoys north_atlantic years ship converted escort destroyer sank submarine war end war escorted ships carrying norwegian government exile norway served target ship scrapped beginning late description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil giving range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men vessel designed calibre inch guns single mounts designated rear gun removed compensate additional depth charges added anti aircraft defence quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers originally fitted increased sets rails throwers fitting ship load depth charges increased completed director control tower remaining inch low angle guns fired local control ranges provided rangefinder fitted set detect submarines reflections sound waves water wartime modifications fitted radio direction completion rear torpedo tubes replaced pounder gun october ship short range armament later augmented guns wings ship bridge calibre machine gun mounts replaced pair uncertain ship director control tower installed type target indication radar installed bridge point ship converted escort destroyer gun replaced anti submarine mortar additional depth charge replaced pounder high angle gun type short range surface search radar fitted installation moved pole mainmast history ordered brazil december ship laid purchased british september beginning second world war renamed launched october commissioned february working ship assigned 9th destroyer flotilla detached home_fleet supported allied landings battle initial stages battle mounted french mortar battery forecastle continued provide fire support battle rest month nights ship helped evacuate troops await evacuation ships escorted troop ships evacuating troops area june commanded later june ship rejoined 9th destroyer flotilla spent years escorting convoys late flotilla redesignated attached force gibraltar reinforce escort operations tiger ship returned western approaches command anti aircraft capability believed admiral weak operations mediterranean march flotilla leader team mid ocean escort force continued escort convoys north_atlantic early december january escort group defended convoy group oil sailing convoy attacked boat route lost seven ships despite best efforts escort managed damage depth charges whilst escorting convoy escorted convoy largest convoy battle war months later escort group deployed attack boats cooperation royal_air_force raf left bases french atlantic coast late september early october group escorted ships carrying group raf azores begin setting early transferred 14th given task protecting convoys supporting operation overlord impending invasion western_europe british coastal waters captained destroyers fame ship sank june refitted liverpool july september rejoined group completion repair february april completed april ship sister attacked wreck northwest island thinking spotted flying boat earlier day weeks later 14th escorted group surrendered german boats ship escorted exiled norwegian government oslo remained june later month began service aircraft target role lasted year ship approved scrapping february placed category reserve august sold october scrapped | HMS Havelock (H88) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1410_HMSGlatton(1914) | sister ship originally built coastal defence ships respectively norway beginning world war completed launched years earlier september gone action suffered large fire inch magazines scuttled prevent explosion main magazines devastated dover wreck partially salvaged moved position northeastern end harbour traffic subsequently buried underneath current car ferry terminal background ordered norway supplement older class class classes coastal defense ships known norway stands armoured ship old norwegian city bergen world war broke royal_navy warships construction britain foreign powers thirds purchase price paid construction description laid launched august renamed earlier monitor completion greatly delayed modifications british included modifying boilers use oil coal conversion double tanks carry oil work began january suspended following estimated months work remained allow faster progress large light cruisers building armstrong naval yard september work resumed new design added large anti torpedo hull length suppression torpedo tubes millimetre guns planned large mast fitted single funnel carry directors inch inch guns guns use standard british ammunition mount inch gun modified maximum elevation gave gun maximum range yards addition cost knots mph speed prevented extra weight resulting changes deepening draft finally completed september displaced long tons deep load built length beam feet inches maximum main hull beam feet draught feet inches powered vertical triple expansion steam engines developed total indicated horsepower yarrow boilers gave maximum speed knots mph armed inch guns arranged single gun turrets fore aft secondary armament consisted inch guns single gun turrets inch turrets positioned superstructure anti aircraft gun mounted center line inch turret carried pounder pounder guns high angle mounts fate completion sailed dover september prepare offensive planned later month evening september inch magazine low order explosion ignited stored flames shot roof turret starboard started spread aft ship captain commander ordered forward magazines flooded crew unable flood rear magazines flames blocked access magazine flooding controls presence ammunition ship yards away massive explosion dover rear magazine exploded set ammunition vice admiral walking commander magazine exploded boarded recently arrived destroyer danger ordered torpedo attempt flood magazine detonated inch torpedo struck anti torpedo amidships failed explode fired close second torpedo blew hole torpedo pound small penetrate remained afloat burning transferred destroyer ordered fire inch torpedoes aimed hole blown starboard second torpedo succeeded causing masts superstructure rested harbour fire casualties heavy men killed outright injured later died burns inquiry held immediately found explosion occurred inch magazine situated boiler engine rooms cause difficult establish court note habit red hot ashes boilers bulkhead directly adjoining magazine cool sent ash magazine inches covered wood inches thick provided special cooling equipment likely spontaneously magazine sister ship emptied examined red lead paint bulkhead beneath tests demonstrated subject temperatures recorded temperatures inside magazine exceed test red hot ashes inconclusive temperature reached occasional hot spots tests reveal high heat air entirely satisfied conclusion found april slow inch magazine led magazine caused explosion precaution stripped replaced wool revealing real cause missing folded newspapers found space left dockyard workers construction furthermore number entirely missing meant inches holes present allowed hot ashes newspapers forced draught pressure boiler room supplied air holes causing gases eventually charges aftermath remained dover harbour shipping hull visible low tide afford quoted average salvage companies finally asked captain estimated cost granted use salvage craft dover board accepted offer work began short tons removed underneath mainmast superstructure away wreck lifting capacity long tons hired lift water logged long tons ship necessary seal holes pump air compartment rate cubic feet minute restore attempt lift began december successful breaking holding combination rising tide try major lifting effort began following day slowly moved taking advantage tides march moved deep western pier submarine harbour close shore total cost considerably originally estimated far quoted salvage companies remains buried underneath current car ferry terminal memorial memorial erected church road cemetery kent site largely cleared memorials provide community open space local population woodlands road cemetery site graves officer men | HMS Glatton (1914) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1549_HMSPioneer(R76) | class aircraft carrier built royal_navy world war modified whilst construction aircraft maintenance carrier ship arrived australia support operations japanese forces supported british attacks japanese mid june end war august base ship facilities help repair hong_kong infrastructure late returned early pioneer immediately placed reserve arrival sold scrap design description construction class carriers intended meet shortage naval flight decks design based class aircraft carriers modified permit rapid construction commercial yards pioneer completed original design success maintenance aircraft carrier prompted modification ship whilst construction aircraft maintenance ship aircraft pioneer overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet deep load displaced long tons standard load ship sets parsons geared steam turbines drove propeller shaft steam supplied admiralty drum water tube boilers operating pressure psi kpa cm2 turbines designed total shaft horsepower gave pioneer speed knots mph ship carried long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph order maximize space workshops stores ship arresting gear catapult fitted large added port island rear flight deck ship single hangar feet inches high aircraft transported flight deck aircraft lifts elevators measured feet large cranes mounted flight deck aircraft stores flight deck ship carried small self propelled allow aircraft transferred ships shore facilities bulk petrol storage consisted imperial gallons gal ship crew totaled plus aircraft repair department ship equipped quadruple mounts millimetre pounder gun gun mounts elevate maximum viii pounder gun fired millimetre pound shell muzzle velocity distance yards gun rate fire approximately rounds minute fitted single mounts fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate fire rounds minute maximum range yards guns mounted flight deck hull like half sisters completed aircraft carriers mount provided separate fire control director fitted type gunnery radar pioneer ordered august renamed mars later laid december launched ship renamed pioneer july decision convert aircraft maintenance ship completed february service working pioneer sailed australia march arrived sydney transferred june prepare operations japan japan surrendered august repaired aircraft arrival pioneer arrived hong_kong late september help rebuilding colony infrastructure sailors restored power telephone service repaired trains buses trip hong_kong late november ship sailed sydney following month departed february arrival placed reserve pioneer sold scrap september broken | HMS Pioneer (R76) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1800_SSFortStikine | british fort ship built canada owned leased charter lend lease scheme operated management port line fort short career destroyed explosion bombay india april caused loss thirteen ships construction feet inches long beam feet inches depth feet inches draught feet inches ship propelled triple expansion steam engine built montreal quebec canada cylinders inches inches inches bore inches stroke history built prince british_columbia canada yard number built auspices wartime merchant shipping ltd canadian government corporation coordinating wartime canada completion july delivered corporation delivered ship vancouver british_columbia date ownership retained placing management port line united_kingdom official number code letters allocated port registry london departed british_columbia canada september arrived vancouver day sailed british_columbia arriving september sailed days later victoria british_columbia arriving september sailed day los_angeles california united_states arrived september sailed days later panama arriving october panama canal departed panama october convoy consisted eighteen merchant vessels escorted united_states navy warships arrived bay cuba october departed october member convoy convoy consisted merchant ships arrived new_york october departed november convoy convoy consisted merchant ships escorted total seventeen warships duration convoy carried general cargo convoy arrived liverpool lancashire united_kingdom december sailed clyde arriving december departed clyde december convoy convoy comprised merchant ships escorted total warships duration convoy ship provided protection convoy merchant ships lost enemy action damaged convoy arrived algeria january split convoy previous day arrived algeria sailed january join convoy departed algeria january arrived liverpool february convoy consisted merchant ships escorted total warships duration convoy included merchant vessel lost enemy action convoy arrived liverpool february left convoy ireland arrived clyde january member convoy departed clyde february consisted merchant ships escorted total nineteen warships duration convoy merchant ship sunk damaged enemy action march attacked convoy attacked depth charges sunk convoy arrived march convoy left convoy arrived day earlier sailed march join convoy departed earlier day convoy included merchant vessels sunk enemy action arrived gibraltar april joined convoy departed april convoy comprising nineteen merchant ships arrived april laden cargo iron ore departed convoy convoy comprising merchant ships warships combined sea convoy combined convoy arrived liverpool june left convoy arrival liverpool entered sailed yorkshire convoys departed june join convoy departed essex previous day arrived june joined convoy sailed day arrived june joined convoy departed liverpool june convoy consisted merchant ships escorted warships duration convoy arrived new_york july sailed baltimore maryland arriving day departed baltimore august coast virginia sailed august convoy convoy consisted merchant ships escorted warships duration convoy merchant ships lost enemy action convoy arrived alexandria egypt september departed alexandria september sailed port said arrived september october departed convoy convoy consisting eighteen merchant vessels arrived october left convoy arriving october sailed november joined convoy convoy consisting merchant ships total departed days earlier arrived november arrived november sailed november kenya arriving day sailed week later departed december arriving port december member convoy departed december convoy consisting merchant ships escorted sixteen warships duration arrived january merchant vessel lost enemy action left convoy gibraltar arrived december laden copper general cargo departed gibraltar january member convoy convoy merchant ships escorting warships rendezvous sea convoy day combined convoy arrived liverpool january loaded cargo described general cargo consisted long tons signal rockets bombs mines shells torpedoes bound bombay india container containing gold bars loaded hold gold bar weighed pounds carrying aircraft quantity explosives destined india joined convoy departed liverpool february convoy consisting merchant ships escorted warships split sea march convoys formed arrived march convoy arrived gibraltar march voyage gibraltar discovered work charge ship chief engineer continued voyage convoy departed gibraltar day convoy consisting merchant ships escorting warships arrived port said march having evaded attack aircraft sailed departed day port having reached march sailed day arriving march replace cargo raw cotton loaded quantities fish rice scrap iron timber added barrels oil ship captain concerned having items told proposal add drums refused ship officers expressed concerns mixing cotton oil explosives unable find advised practice published book advised carriage raw cotton common myth time wet cotton spontaneously case cotton soaked oil readily ship sailed crew discovered barrels oil leaked nailed lower hold covers equipment board thoroughly tested extra fire drills scheduled voyage sailed april join convoy departed iran april convoy arrived bombay april loss arrived bombay early morning april having taken pilot shortly docked victoria dock midday practice flying red flag dangerous cargo board discontinued wartime identify vessels event enemy air raid port practice unloading vessels offshore discontinued war time explosives graded category explosives carried board dangerous allowed directly unloading began oil followed fish extra gang employed task continued night april midday april arrived explosives minor engine repairs started time rendering ship unable power chief officer noticed smoke issuing hold seen short time later gunner board iran despite seen witnesses assumed situation control alarm raised fire pump ship engine room started operation began crew members abandoning ship realised dock authorities problem board fire crew sent board order given fire engines sent difficulties contacting fire control centre initially engines sent board unable discover seat fire water poured hold arrival fire use captain arrived minutes later assess situation charge explosives landed meeting held board ship officers commander chief salvage officer bombay stated explosives equivalent blockbuster bombs board ship scuttled captain countered boiler room engine room flooded doubted ship sink condition fire arrived bringing total number use ammunition hold exploding colonel general manager docks bombay sent arrived suggested removed docks required use disabled argument developed colonel parting remark ship probably explode taken port shortly arrived played ship people taken overall charge situation board willing charge continued flame erupted hold reaching higher ship mast order given abandon ship jumping ship water explosion occurred board ship split boiler found half mile away explosion caused dock deposited vessel second explosion occurred cargo ship stern blown landed yards away explosion wrecked cargo liner investigation accident investigated authorities bombay report released september concluded fire subsequent explosion fort accident sabotage ruled death toll given service port personnel killed injured civilian casualties excess killed treated hospital ships lost severely damaged apart following vessels sunk severely damaged | SS Fort Stikine | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1872_HMSCochrane(1905) | warrior class armoured cruiser built royal_navy decade 20th century served 2nd world war rear admiral taking based allied intervention russian civil war stranded november broke wreck broken place june description displaced long tons built long tons fully loaded length feet inches beam feet inches draft feet inches powered cylinder triple expansion steam engines driving shafts developed total indicated horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph engines powered yarrow water tube boilers cylindrical boilers ship carried maximum long tons coal additional long tons fuel oil sprayed coal increase burn rate capacity steam nautical miles speed knots mph main armament consisted inch guns single turrets distributed centerline turrets fore aft turrets disposed corners funnels secondary armament inch mark guns single turrets carried amidships wing inch guns vickers pounders fitted turret roofs forward aft ships duke edinburgh class cruisers secondary armament inch guns inch guns open barbettes ships referred warrior class extra turrets comparison half sisters stability reduced good steady gun platforms wartime modifications single hotchkiss pounder anti aircraft gun high angle mounting mounted quarterdeck maximum depression maximum elevation gun fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate fire rounds minute maximum ceiling effective range yards replaced inch cwt guns high angle mount gun maximum depression maximum elevation fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate rounds minute maximum effective ceiling pair pounder mark iii probably installed amidships elevate gun fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate rounds minute maximum ceiling effective range yards guns turrets removed pounder guns superstructure removed guns forward inch wing turrets reduced total pounder guns excluding guns guns landed based seventeen pounders board lost unclear total includes guns foremast converted mast support weight fire control director director actually fitted august service laid march launched scotland ship commissioned nucleus crew february cost joined march shortly brought commission service 5th cruiser squadron april recommissioned service 2nd cruiser squadron remained september escorted accompanied sister armoured cruisers sent reinforce defences august days start world war squadron assigned grand_fleet world war took june cruisers shannon hampshire command rear admiral heath ship remained battle fire inch guns battle transferred north_america west_indies station november rejoined 2nd early based march september allied intervention russian civil war ferried soviet troops attempt seize town november stranded control pilot later broke total loss wreck broken june | HMS Cochrane (1905) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1906_HMSValiant(1863) | second ship class armoured frigates ordered royal_navy builders went bankrupt shortly laid significantly delayed completion launched waited years receive guns supply issues commissioned ship assigned reserve guard ship remained decommissioned training school balloons world war ship converted floating oil tank served role sold scrap design description class ironclads like immediate predecessors defence class designed smaller cheaper versions warrior class armoured frigates modified versions defence class ships additional armour powerful engines feet inches long perpendiculars beam feet inches draft feet inches ship long tons overweight displaced long tons hull subdivided watertight transverse bulkheads compartments double underneath engine boiler rooms ships class designed low centre gravity metacentric height feet inches rolled badly propulsion cylinder horizontal return connecting rod steam engine driving single inch propeller boilers provided steam engine working pressure psi kpa cm2 engine produced total indicated horsepower sea trials september maximum speed knots mph ship carried long tons coal steam nautical miles speed ship barque rigged sail area square feet funnel semi retractable reduce wind resistance sail designed allow ship propeller hoisted stern ship reduce drag sail gear fitted armament armament class ships intended muzzle loading pounder guns main deck fore aft chase guns upper deck modified construction rifled pounder breech loading guns pounders breech loading guns new design armstrong hoped firing tests carried september armoured target proved pounder inferior pounder gun armour penetration repeated incidents breech explosions battles caused navy withdraw gun service shortly extended construction time received breech armed sixteen inch inch rifled muzzle loading guns inch guns mounted quarterdeck fought inch guns fitted upper deck remaining inch guns carried main deck shell calibre inch gun weighed pounds gun weighed long tons muzzle velocity credited ability penetrate nominal inches wrought iron armour muzzle calibre inch gun weighed long tons fired pounds shell credited nominal ability penetrate inch armour armour class ships wrought iron waterline armour belt inches thick covered feet amidships left bow stern unprotected protect fire belt closed inch transverse bulkheads end lower deck level armour extended feet inches waterline main deck protected armour ran length ship amidships inch thick length feet tapered thickness inches ends ship armour backed inches teak lack armour stern meant steering gear vulnerable service history laid february company went bankrupt november ultimately bought thames delayed ship launching october august towed portsmouth fitting ship inspected french officers port visit ironclads french_navy production new muzzle loaded rifles slow ships commission priority commissioned september nearly years launched commissioned reserve guard ship remained experience unique british ironclads break new boilers installed june august ship formed time russian war scare russo turkish war sailed dardanelles command admiral july accidentally rammed ironclad damaging hull tearing boats fittings ship paid saw line service lying thirteen years partially dismantled state devonport assigned hms training establishment briefly losing renamed ship converted balloon world war changed offered sale converted floating oil tank towed remained sold year belgian ship breakers towed december | HMS Valiant (1863) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
1929_HMSFame(H78) | class destroyer built royal_navy 1930s assigned home fleet completion ship attached mediterranean_fleet crisis spanish civil war spent time spanish waters enforcing arms blockade imposed britain france sides conflict fame served severely damaged ran aground october ship refloated months later spent year half repair fame converted escort destroyer repair assigned escort duties north_atlantic repairs completed sank german submarines transferred british coastal waters protect build operation overlord destroyers sank german submarine month reassigned escort duties west coast scotland july remained war ended fame remained active duty paid ship recommissioned year later sold dominican_republic scrapped description class ships repeats preceding class displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ships overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving propeller shaft steam provided admiralty drum boilers turbines developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph fame carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ships complement officers ratings ships mounted inch mark guns single mounts designated rear anti aircraft defence quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun class fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rack throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began wartime modifications fame rear torpedo tubes replaced pounder gun repair running aground october converted escort destroyer gun replaced anti submarine mortar total depth charges meant gun removed compensate weight type short range surface search radar fitted type target indication radar installed bridge replacing director control tower rangefinder ship received radio direction mounted pole mainmast short range armament augmented guns wings ship bridge pair added quarterdeck june calibre machine guns replaced pair gun mounted converted split installation later single mounts bridge wings probably replaced twin mounts construction career fame ordered march hull sub contracted laid walker newcastle shipyard july launched june day sister ship completed april ship cost pounds excluding government furnished equipment like armament fame initially assigned 6th destroyer flotilla home_fleet ammunition modified july august ship sent reinforce mediterranean_fleet second italo war fame refitted devonport july november began enforce arms imposed sides spanish civil war january visited denmark july returning spanish waters august september ship returned home spent years 6th 6th renumbered 8th destroyer flotilla april months start world war fame remained assigned july escorting larger ships fleet supported allied landings battle continued provide fire support battle rest month nights ship helped evacuate troops await evacuation fame ships escorted troop ships evacuating troops area june searching damaged submarine shark july badly damaged bomb splinters repair october week later ran aground destroyer northumberland coast escorting battleship king ship severely damaged refloated december fame received temporary repairs towed february heavily dockyard took nearly months repair ship decision convert escort destroyer time contributed time required september fame finished repairs assigned captain commander group senior officer atlantic convoy action major convoy battle saw loss ships warships damaged boats destroyed damaged forced retire located german submarine october shallow set pattern depth charges forced surface rammed sunk fame impact badly damaged destroyer forced leave convoy repairs rescuing survivors repairs completed december escorting convoy dispatched aid convoy heavy attack ordered command escort commander collapsed exhaustion day battle lost ships boat destroyed february escort group escorting lost ships boats destroyed fame sank february fame reassigned patrol duty south western approaches normandy landings senior ship 14th time fame participated sinking destroyers june following month fame transferred west coast scotland continuing end war post war fame began refit lasted august unlike destroyers remained active duty assigned october transferred training flotilla month later fame senior officer ship 3rd flotilla ship reduced reserve reactivated year later refitted june destroyer sold february dominican_republic ships plus additional refit ship time ship carried type air warning radar american surface search radar armed inch guns millimetre light guns quadruple inch torpedo mount depth charge throwers rails depth charges fame renamed death ship renamed ship scrapped | HMS Fame (H78) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2131_HMSIllustrious(1896) | hms british_royal_navy majestic class pre dreadnought battleship ship built chatham dockyard keel laid march completed hull launched september commissioned fleet april armed main battery inch guns secondary battery inch guns ship speed knots mph assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred channel_fleet subsequently reorganised underwent refit duly completed early rendered obsolete emergence new dreadnoughts served home_fleet oldest battleships royal_navy world war broke served guard ship regions late main armament removed served store ship remainder war decommissioned scrapped following year design feet long overall beam draft displaced long tons short tons combat load propulsion system consisted cylinder triple expansion engines powered coal fired cylindrical boilers oil fired models engines provided speed knots mph indicated horsepower considered good easy roll good suffered high fuel consumption crew officers enlisted men ship armed inch viii guns twin turrets forward aft turrets placed circular barbettes unlike sisters retained earlier pear shaped barbettes carried inch guns mounted casemates gun decks amidships carried sixteen pounder guns pounder guns equipped torpedo tubes submerged ship hull deck mounted ships class inches harvey armour allowed equal protection cost weight compared previous types armour allowed sisters deeper lighter belt previous battleships loss protection barbettes main battery protected armour conning tower thickness steel sides ship armoured deck thick service history keel laid chatham dockyard march ship launched september commissioned chatham service april captain sir command went commission service mediterranean_fleet mediterranean participated september december operations crete turkish uprising underwent refit malta captain appointed command march following june lead ship coronation gibraltar july transferred channel_fleet result reorganization january channel_fleet unit ended service september began refit chatham emerging refit commissioned reserve chatham march went commission service new channel_fleet home_fleet april serving flagship rear admiral collided schooner english channel fog june relieved flagship ended channel_fleet service june paying chatham recommissioned chatham june service new home_fleet march collided class cruiser suffered damage suffered august damaged striking reef underwent refit later year transferred participated maneuvers flagship vice admiral 7th battle squadron late july royal_navy began war imminent majestic class ships oldest effective battleships service royal_navy planned pay provide crewmen new dreadnought battleship instead placed commission serve guard ship grand fleet world war began august began guard ship duty august transferring october november december remained guard ship duty november paid november converted disarmed harbour ship inch guns turrets conversion completed march served new role august transferred chatham commissioned november use munitions november transferred serve role november transferred portsmouth continue service munitions paid april placed sale list portsmouth march sold scrapping june broken | HMS Illustrious (1896) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2293_HMSDainty(H53) | class destroyer built royal_navy early 1930s ship initially assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred early temporarily deployed red_sea late crisis returning assigned station remained transferred mediterranean_fleet world war began september briefly assigned west_africa convoy escort duties returning mediterranean ship participated july assigned convoy escort patrol duties sunk german bombers february description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men ship mounted calibre inch mark guns single mounts anti aircraft defence single pounder inch gun quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began career ordered february naval estimates laid yards engineering company april launched completed december total cost excluding equipment supplied admiralty weapons ammunition wireless equipment ship initially assigned 1st destroyer flotilla mediterranean brief deployment red_sea october november refitted portsmouth september october service 8th later 21st arrived january attached mediterranean_fleet red_sea september june crisis ship refitted hong_kong september october conducted anti piracy patrols refit complete january merchant ship grounded posted guard aboard refloated ship number port visits singapore philippines january march war transferred mediterranean_fleet arriving alexandria sister duncan september outbreak world war assigned search shipped mediterranean october november undergoing refit malta december completion transferred 2nd based sierra search german commerce raiders operating ship transferred mediterranean_fleet april given refit malta april june completion assigned 10th destroyer flotilla june rescued survivors light cruiser sunk crete days later ship destroyers escorted french battleship british cruisers bombarded night june june sister defender destroyer attacked italian submarine console damaged badly crew scuttled days later attacked submarines sinking able escape british ships able salvage important material including latest responsible sinking italian submarine june returned participated july escort heavy ships force unsuccessfully engaged italian destroyers suffered damage sisters defender diamond australian destroyer stuart light cruisers liverpool escorted convoy egypt ports late july august diamond destroyers escorted tanker merchant ships egypt malta relief supplies escorted australian light cruiser sydney bombarded italian airfield september australian destroyers british anti aircraft cruisers ship escorted convoy egypt malta early november december assigned intercept enemy supply convoys north african coast captured december early january escorted capital ships force operation excess towed disabled tanker torpedoed italian torpedo boat crete january sinking shortly returned patrol north african coast late afternoon february left patrol accompanied destroyer hasty ships attacked bombers iii hit bomb passed captain cabin detonated fuel tanks started big fire caused magazine explode ship sink crew killed attack wounded | HMS Dainty (H53) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2403_Renown-classbattlecruiser | renown class battlecruiser renown class comprised pair battlecruisers built world war royal_navy originally laid improved versions revenge class battleships construction suspended outbreak war grounds ready timely manner admiral lord fisher sea lord gained approval restart construction battlecruisers built enter service quickly director naval construction quickly produced entirely new design meet admiral lord fisher requirements builders agreed deliver ships months meet ambitious goal delivered months world largest fastest capital ships completion ship class combat world war participated second battle bight ships reconstructed twice wars 1920s reconstruction increased armour protection lesser improvements 1930s reconstruction thorough especially renown accompanied battlecruiser hood round world cruise protected british interests spanish civil war renown frequently conveyed royalty foreign tours served flagship hood ships served second world war searched admiral participated april june searched german battleship sunk december japanese aircraft renown spent assigned escorting convoys fought inconclusive briefly assigned home_fleet provided cover arctic convoys early ship transferred force operation torch spent transporting winston_churchill staff conferences allied leaders early renown transferred indian_ocean supported numerous attacks japanese occupied facilities indonesia island groups indian_ocean ship returned home_fleet early refitted placed reserve end war renown sold scrap genesis improved revenge class battleships battleships naval programme consisted improved revenge class ships named renown resistance member queen elizabeth class called resistance built royal renown awarded design approved improvements revenge class consisted consistent thickness inches protective wing bulkheads enlarged torpedo control tower enlarged conning tower armour rearranged better access protected spotting position bow width keel increased provide rigid structure amidships resist stress docking shell main guns increased rounds gun changes little change size ships comparison predecessors decrease draught feet inches foot inches older ships knots mph slower revenge class ships provided shaft horsepower shp predecessors work ships suspended beginning world war ships built royal cancelled august believed completed end war admiral lord fisher returned office sea lord october began winston_churchill lord admiralty allow convert suspended contracts renown new class battlecruisers capable high speed knots mph churchill argued construction interfere construction programmes absorb resources finished time fisher countered arguing building time minimum dreadnought material ordered battleships possible including inch gun turrets churchill experiences august battle december demonstrate high speed heavy gun power potent combination fisher long held belief viability battlecruiser actions plus pressure admiral commander grand_fleet vice admiral commander caused churchill gain approval cabinet build ships december battlecruisers admiral lord fisher presented requirements new ships december approved wanted long high bow like pre dreadnought higher inch guns twin turrets anti torpedo boat armament inch guns mounted high protected gun shields speed knots oil fuel armour scale battlecruiser days fisher increased number guns added torpedo tubes minor revisions initial estimate december preliminary design completed december following week department examined material delivered battleships decided new design contract transferred lacked long use new ship usable material transferred builders received information department lay ships january altered contracts completed march description general characteristics renown class ships overall length feet inches beam feet inches draught feet inches deep load displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load feet longer predecessor tiger displaced long tons older ship deep load ships proved good sea boats reinforced construction additional pillars forecastle deck cure minor structural problems forward metacentric height feet deep load built complete double propulsion original plan ships use lightweight machinery producing total shaft horsepower required considerable time complete design risk delaying completion ships machinery addition extra boilers provide required power needed additional speed ship paired sets direct drive steam turbines housed separate engine rooms set comprised high pressure ahead astern turbines driving shaft low pressure ahead astern turbines housed driving inner shaft bladed propellers feet inches diameter turbines powered water tube boilers boiler rooms working pressure psi kpa cm2 designed produce total shaft horsepower achieved shp renown trials reached speed knots mph fastest capital ships existence arrival hood designed normally carry long tons fuel oil maximum capacity long tons capacity renown class ships steam speed knots mph nautical miles ships steam driven oil driven turbine driven supplied common ring main volts armament renown class ships mounted calibre inch guns twin powered gun turrets designated rear guns depressed elevated loaded angle loading high angles tended slow gun return battery firing position ships carried shells gun fired pound projectiles muzzle velocity provided maximum range armour piercing shells ships designed seventeen calibre inch mark guns fitted triple single mounts manually powered use required crew thirty men load train triple gun mounts gun rate fire rounds minute kept getting way maximum depression maximum elevation fired pound high explosive shell muzzle velocity maximum elevation guns maximum range yards ships carried rounds gun ship mounted pair inch cwt anti aircraft guns single high angle mounted shelter deck abreast rear funnel gun maximum depression maximum elevation fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate fire rounds minute maximum effective ceiling ships carried torpedoes mounted inch submerged torpedo tubes fitted forward barbette fire control main guns renown class ships controlled fire control directors primary director mounted conning tower armoured hood fore foremast data rangefinder armoured hood input located converted range data use guns target data recorded plotting table assist gunnery officer predicting movement target secondary armament controlled directors mounted platforms mast turret provided foot rangefinder armoured housing turret roof war number size increased renown carried foot turret armoured hood conning tower foot mounted turrets torpedo control tower mainmast armoured hood fore equipped foot rangefinder anti aircraft guns controlled simple inch rangefinder mounted aft superstructure foot mounted bridge armour armour protection renown class ships similar waterline belt krupp cemented armour measured inches thick amidships ran barbette barbette length feet feet high inch armour aft inch armour forward continued belt ends ship reached bow stern enclosed transverse bulkheads thickness length main belt upper belt high steel inches thick intended splinter protection gun turrets inches thick face sides inches thick rear plates roofs inches thick barbettes protected inches armour upper deck inches deck conning tower sides inches thick inch roof walls communication tube inches thick torpedo control tower inch walls inch cast steel roof designed high steel decks ranged inches thickness ships completing extra inch high steel added main deck magazines despite additions ships felt vulnerable fire ship refitted additional horizontal armour weighing approximately long tons added decks magazines steering mechanism renown class ships fitted shallow anti torpedo integral hull intended explode torpedo hit hull proper vent underwater explosion surface ship later testing proved deep accomplish task lacked layers compartments necessary absorb force explosion construction service world war ships spent remainder early hands having armour upgraded conducting routine patrols north_sea assigned 1st duration war relieved lion flagship 1st second battle bight course admiralty concerned german efforts north_sea sweep paths british laid minefields intended restrict actions high_seas_fleet german submarines preliminary raid german forces october light forces destroyed small ships admiralty decided larger operation destroy escorting light cruisers based intelligence reports admiralty decided november light cruiser squadrons 1st covered reinforced 1st renown battleships 1st battle squadron operation german ships light cruisers destroyers divisions filled detonate mines sinking mark swept route spotted rising sun light battlecruiser courageous light cruiser cardiff opened fire forward guns seven minutes later germans responded laying effective smoke screen british continued pursuit lost track smaller ships smoke concentrated fire light cruisers opportunity permitted detached long raced forward speed engage enemy ships opened fire scoring single hit light cruiser sms battle german battleships sms kaiser sms spotted british broke pursuit covered retreat aided heavy fog came september capital ship fitted aircraft flying platforms turrets successfully took platform mounted turret october repeated achievement october turret renown received platforms early december renown sea elements fleet unsuccessful attempt intercept german 3rd half flotilla destroyers destroyed scandinavian convoy escorts rest war ships patrolled north_sea ships present surrender high_seas_fleet flow november inter war service began major refit portsmouth december intended drastically improve armour protection existing inch armour belt replaced inch armour plates surplus conversion battleship originally ordered chile purchased war began aircraft carrier eagle old armour fitted main upper decks new armour belt additional high plating added decks magazines ship anti torpedo deepened reworked lines installed battleship covered hull submerged torpedo room magazine inner compartments filled crushing tubes added feet inches beam foot inches draught refit added long tons displacement raised metacentric height feet deep load foot added torpedo tubes twin mounts upper deck flying platforms removed grand_fleet disbanded april renown assigned june refitted preparation tour canada newfoundland united_states edward prince wales flying platforms removed january march renown refitted extensively royal yacht aft inch mounting inch guns removed extra accommodation deck built large built shelter deck funnels port housed court starboard cinema ship sailed march australia new_zealand entourage aboard stops route returned portsmouth october placed reserve november renown recommissioned september tour india japan sailed portsmouth october ship arrived portsmouth june placed reserve following month ship began reconstruction month lines sister changes based experiences renown main armour belt removed new inch belt installed remaining plates new armour installed feet higher offset increase draught tapered armour fitted underneath main belt shell beneath water surface inches thick inches ship deck armour heavily reinforced adjacent machinery spaces magazines longitudinal bulkheads added upper main decks ran base conning tower end boiler rooms reworked based queen elizabeth class battleships crushing tubes abreast magazines rear triple inch gun mount replaced flying platform turret reinstated high angle control position added fore pair inch guns single inch gun mounts removed replaced inch guns maximum depression maximum elevation fired pound high explosive shell muzzle velocity rate rounds minute guns maximum ceiling effective range reconstruction added long tons ship displacement inches draught recommissioned january joined november hood accompanied number class cruisers 1st set world cruise west east panama canal returned home months later september shortly return ship pair inch guns single inch gun mounts removed replaced inch guns visited lisbon february participate celebrations continuing mediterranean exercises court added starboard funnels tour africa south_america lasted march october return refitted november july added fore renown finished reconstruction september assigned ship detached convey prince albert york australia january july return rejoined renown flagship hood hood role flagship recommissioned renown paid refit high angle control system mark fitted director roof fore replaced high angle rangefinder conning tower platform enlarged accommodate pair pounder gun mounts elevate maximum mark viii pounder gun fired millimetre pound shell muzzle velocity distance yards gun rate fire approximately rounds minute mount initially available director fitted starboard renown triple inch mount removed room aircraft catapult fitted port mark pounder mount finally fitted albeit director year ship carried reconnaissance purposes flying platform removed 1930s completed refit remained commission aside brief refit july september paid june prior beginning reconstruction april existing layers high steel constituted ship horizontal armour replaced non cemented armour plates inches thickness torpedo control tower removed aft superstructure fixed catapult replaced inch triple mount hangar built rear funnel house ship aircraft additional aircraft carried deck catapult electric cranes mounted hangar handle aircraft inch guns moved pair abreast rear funnel level hangar roof pair abreast fore funnel forecastle deck prototype inch dual purpose guns added twin gun mark mounts abreast mainmast pounder mounts fitted extensions conning tower platform abreast fore funnel pair quadruple inch vickers machine gun added mounts elevate maximum machine guns fired bullet muzzle velocity gave gun maximum range effective range received directors fore mark mounted pedestal rear superstructure submerged torpedo tubes removed vacant spaces sub divided turned store rooms renown began thorough reconstruction september based battleship superstructure funnels razed level upper deck masts taken ship main secondary armament removed large splinter proof tower superstructure built topped director control tower main armament directors armoured hood mounted conning tower rear superstructure ship engines boilers replaced parsons geared turbine sets admiralty drum boilers saved long tons weight allowed forward boiler rooms converted inch magazines uses renown deck protection somewhat upgraded adding non cemented armour added earlier protecting new inch magazines built abreast rear funnel catapult fitted rear funnel aft superstructure ship inch gun turrets modified mark standard elevation increased dual purpose inch guns twin replaced inch guns gun turrets abreast forward funnel remaining mounted abreast main mast mounts elevation limits gun fired pound high explosive shell muzzle velocity rate fire rounds minute maximum effective ceiling guns controlled dual purpose directors mounted rear bridge structure remaining aft superstructure fed tracking data analog computer high angle targets control clock mark vii low angle targets gun provided round ammunition pounder mounts fitted platform funnels rear aft superstructure provided director quadruple vickers calibre mounts added forward rear submerged torpedo tubes removed water torpedo tubes added assigned mediterranean_fleet recommissioned april transported refugees france late start spanish civil war ship present sent july maintain order selected convey king queen refitted october march role twin inch guns replaced mark guns additional quadruple calibre mounts added king queen ultimately traveled aboard liner escorted half journey second world war beginning second world war found assigned home_fleet patrolled norwegian coast north_sea search german ships enforce blockade early war aft triple inch mount replaced barrel pounder mount late october transferred halifax aircraft carrier furious protect convoys search german raiders escorted convoy bringing 1st britain mid december reassigned home_fleet ship supported allied operations april june accompanied renown attempted intercept german battleship sailed trondheim germany july ship escorted convoys unsuccessfully searched german ships diverted escorting convoy assist search german battleship break search early running low fuel ship refitted june august received millimetre type surface gunnery radar escorted troop convoy cape good hope august october transferred deter japanese aggression far_east late winston_churchill determined send small group fast capital ships modern aircraft carrier singapore indian_ocean ordered november rendezvous battleship prince wales form carrier supposed join delayed ran aground working caribbean ships escorting destroyers arrived singapore december force departed evening december attempt destroy japanese troop convoys protect army flanks japanese landings rear spotted japanese reconnaissance aircraft following afternoon rest day admiral sir decided cancel operation japanese alerted force turned evening spotted early morning december hours later japanese bombers arrived attacked high altitude slightly damaged bomb hit port hangar second wave consisted torpedo bombers missed scored hit prince wales wave consisted high altitude level bombers missed entirely fourth wave torpedo bombers managed hit amidships port final wave torpedo bombers hit torpedoes ship capsized loss officers men sinking prince wales contributed rapid fall singapore malaya japanese demonstrated dominance air power capital ships backbone naval power renown recommissioned august home_fleet like sister spent september patrolling north_sea transferred force help search pocket battleship admiral ship joined force cape good hope november prevent admiral breaking unsuccessful sank blockade runner december remained admiral scuttled december return home_fleet march ship flagship hood paid refit month renown supported british forces briefly engaged german battleships april renown opened fire hit shells slightly damaged minutes later hit inch inch shells knocked main fire control director damaged rangefinder turret german ships faster renown heavy weather able successfully ship repaired april provided cover evacuation norway early june renown transferred august relieved hood flagship november force covered small aircraft carrier flew hurricane fighters bound malta position south later month force participated inconclusive renown bombarded genoa february little effect renown force escorted convoys inside outside mediterranean march summoned atlantic search force escorted convoy malta july renown returned home repairs month ship transferred home_fleet november repairs complete provided cover convoys soviet_union early march flagship force formed escort carriers carrying fighters flown malta april renown rejoined home_fleet missions completed transferred force october participate returned britain refit february june ship brought winston_churchill staff september conveyed november rejoined home_fleet december time transferred weeks later renown arrived end january flagship 1st battle squadron april participated port oil facilities island sumatra ship bombarded japanese occupied facilities car april renown supported java operation follow attack port blair june july ship bombarded city bombarded facilities october november renown replaced flagship ship began refit december february recalled home waters march remaining german heavy ships final sortie reached april given brief refit concern proved placed reserve renown partially disarmed july inch turrets removed light guns ship hosted meeting king president august route home aboard heavy cruiser decision dispose ship announced january towed scrapping august | Renown-class battlecruiser | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2445_HMSJamaica(44) | crown colony class cruiser royal_navy named island jamaica british possession built late 1930s light cruiser spent entire wartime career arctic convoy duties deployment south landings north_africa november participated battle sea jamaica escorted aircraft carriers flew attacked german battleship northern norway late year extensive refit prepare service war ended reached pacific jamaica spent late 1940s far_east north_america west indies station korean war began ordered cooperation united_states_navy bombard north korean troops advanced eastern coast ship provided fire support landing later year jamaica refitted late year returned great_britain early placed reserve recommissioned service mediterranean_fleet jamaica play hms exeter film battle river plate company wartime partner ship participated anglo french invasion egypt seize control suez_canal jamaica paid sold scrap description jamaica displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet inches beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers jamaica carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men peacetime war ship mounted calibre inch guns gun turrets secondary armament consisted inch anti aircraft guns twin turrets jamaica mounted quadruple pounder light mounts short range armament known ship carried water triple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes jamaica lacked waterline armour belt sides boiler engine rooms magazines protected inches armour deck machinery spaces magazines reinforced thickness inches carried aircraft catapult history jamaica laid april england naval programme named colony jamaica ship launched november completed june working ship provided distant cover convoy september assigned early november unsuccessfully attacked french submarine arctic convoys suspended scheduled resume december escorting destroyers formed command rear admiral tasked cover convoy german surface ships convoy spotted germans arrived inlet incident december battle sea force sailed december rendezvous convoy blown southwards major storm ships separated storm confused radar force ships true location convoy force miles north convoy morning december heavy cruiser admiral hipper attacked convoy admiral hipper held bay british destroyers initially driven admiral hipper returned engaged force shortly noon hit inch shells cruisers german destroyers sheffield admiral hipper attempted form sheffield sank range miles jamaica unsuccessfully engaged hour later force spotted pocket battleship admiral hipper opened fire scored hits darkness sides turned away minutes later force continued track german ships hours lost contact destroyer sunk kriegsmarine convoy reached inlet intact force remained sea protect convoy returning great_britain relieved jamaica relieved escort duties return january main gun barrels replaced march rejoined home_fleet refitted portsmouth july september year received twin power operated millimetre guns single guns november protected convoys engaged december assigned force distant escort battleship hms duke york destroyers force commanded admiral commander chief home fleet duke york time british distant cover force escorted convoy way passage uneventful force sailed december refuel iceland reached destination admiral received ultra information sortie german battleship likely attack sea battle north cape german aerial reconnaissance spotted convoy december escorted destroyers 4th destroyer flotilla sailed december intercept resulting engagement known germans spotted morning december engaged covering force consisted cruisers destroyers approached south west barring path retreat german battleship turned base early afternoon brief encounters british cruisers spotted duke york type radar range yards duke york opened fire half hour later jamaica fired minute hit broadside forced cease fire german ship faster heavy seas british ships opening range despite heavy damage british shells shell duke york volley penetrated number boiler room effectively destroyed reduced german ship speed sufficiently british destroyers catch torpedo hits attack slowed ship jamaica caught opened fire range yards hit german ship continually sinking minutes firing jamaica ordered torpedo torpedoes volley missed cruiser turn fire broadside appeared hit belfast destroyers fired torpedoes finally sank convoys raids february march jamaica served covering forces convoys detached escort aircraft carrier launched air strike german battleship july formed covering force carriers unsuccessful attack german battleship operation mascot jamaica escorted convoys august september starting major refit october lasted april ship turret removed replaced pounder mounts radar suite modernized june cruiser conveyed king queen visit jamaica joined 5th cruiser squadron october replaced squadron flagship april ship returned devonport refit november transferred north_america west indies station august completion sent hong_kong april remained far_east korean war began june korean war fighting broken june whilst jamaica passage japan escort hms black swan ordered rendezvous american light cruiser east coast korea bombard advancing north korean troops july north korean supply convoy returning spotted allied ships escorting motor torpedo boats motor gun boats turned fight torpedo boats gun boats sunk inflicting damage allied ships resumed bombarding coastal targets days later jamaica hit millimetre shell killed wounded august ship bombarded captured harbour facilities following month jamaica participated preparatory bombardment island main landing september landing supported southern flank assault tasked support 1st days landing jamaica american heavy cruiser uss rochester attacked pair engined fighters dawn aircraft succeeded ship killing sailor shot ship guns jamaica sent refit singapore october sailed home completed arrived plymouth february placed reserve post war ship flagship recommissioned service mediterranean_fleet assigned 1st cruiser squadron refitted june rejoined squadron ship participated operation november ship led bombardment force covering landings port said permitted fire main guns cabinet banned naval gunfire support guns larger inches played hms exeter war film battle river plate jamaica placed reserve september port visit kiel sold november ship arrived yards december scrapping completed august | HMS Jamaica (44) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2507_HMSForester(H74) | class destroyers built royal_navy early 1930s assigned home fleet completion ship attached mediterranean_fleet crisis weeks start world war september helped sink german submarine participated second battle sent gibraltar formed force participated attack french ships escorting aircraft carriers force flew aircraft malta covering convoys reinforcing island late time ship helped sink german submarine converted escort destroyer midway war assigned escort convoys russia year half north_atlantic ship helped sink german submarine transferred english channel protect convoys normandy landings assisted sinking german submarine returning north_atlantic months ship repair half reduced reserve november scrapped early description class ships repeats preceding class displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ships overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving propeller shaft steam provided admiralty drum boilers turbines developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ships complement officers ratings ships mounted inch mark guns single mounts designated sequence rear anti aircraft defence quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun class fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rack throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began wartime modifications rear torpedo tubes replaced pounder gun returned england october april june converted escort destroyer type short range surface search radar fitted type target indication radar installed bridge replacing director control tower rangefinder ship received radio direction mounted pole mainmast short range armament augmented guns calibre machine guns replaced pair split mortar installed abreast gun total depth charges meant gun pounder removed compensate weight ship carried depth charges construction career built shipyard naval programme ship laid launched june eleventh ship carry completed april ship cost pounds excluding admiralty supplied equipment armaments communications sets initially assigned 6th destroyer flotilla home_fleet sent reinforce mediterranean_fleet sister ships crisis june remained february deployed gibraltar september october spanish civil war ship returned home spent years 6th flotilla renumbered 8th destroyer flotilla april months start world war remained assigned june escorting larger ships fleet pair fishing sunk submarine start world war september 6th 8th ordered sweep area september following day sisters sank german submarine resumed normal escort duties february helped tow damaged tanker port torpedoed months later escorted battleship second battle april engaged german destroyers lightly damaged escorted badly damaged destroyer temporary repairs battle days later screen battleship battlecruiser renown sailed scapa_flow refuel early june ship escorting battlecruiser cruisers searched german commerce raiders iceland recalled norwegian waters june germans launched attack allied convoys evacuating norway germans returned base time ships arrived force late june 8th ordered gibraltar form escorts days later participated attack french ships stationed operation planned air attack italian airfields destroyer escort torpedoed italian submarine july attack cancelled lack surprise torpedo blew large hole ship british tried salvage despite efforts later morning flotilla leader took survivors month later escorts force operation hurry mission fly fighter aircraft malta conduct august september convoy carrying troops intended capture french days later attacked driven french defences early october escorted troop convoy sierra french returned gibraltar escorted aircraft carriers operations coat white november november light cruiser intercepted french blockade runner escorted gibraltar ship escorted force malta later month participated inconclusive november early january screened force operation excess rescued crew shot italian bomber january later month temporarily relieved escorts convoy bound egypt stayed convoy arriving january detached force reinforce long ordered escort battleship malaya route gibraltar march german battleships spotted convoy admiral declines attack malaya spotted report caused attacks boats sank ships convoy force days later following month escort screen destroyers battleship light cruisers fiji gloucester joining mediterranean_fleet included supply convoy taking tanks egypt transfer warships mediterranean_fleet sisters speed destroyer sweep gear rigged allow serve fast route malta despite merchant ship sunk mines damaged later month participated mission carriers furious flew fighters malta force ordered join escort convoy north_atlantic battle denmark directed search german battleship heavy cruiser heavy seas increased fuel consumption escorts forced return gibraltar refuel later day rejoining capital ships force tracked sunk early june destroyer participated aircraft delivery missions returning gibraltar refuel covering convoy west gibraltar participated sinking sisters june late june screened furious flew fighters malta operation railway july malta supply convoy rescued survivors sister fearless attacked italian torpedo bombers sank wrecked burning ship torpedoes week later screened capital ships force covered malta convoy operation style months participated operation malta convoy escorted furious trips fly aircraft return october destroyer briefly assigned rejoining home_fleet flow november began lengthy refit work lasted april russian convoys mid april close cover convoy april joined escort returning convoy days later light cruiser edinburgh torpedoed sister detached escort crippled cruiser edinburgh escorts attacked german destroyers fired torpedoes simultaneously hit shells disabled guns hit boiler room temporarily disabled propulsion machinery crewmen killed including captain wounded temporarily disabled germans torpedo edinburgh breaking engagement rescue crew crippled british destroyers took survivors cruiser scuttled cruiser torpedo heading temporary repairs sailed destroyers escorts light cruiser trinidad damaged escorting convoy day ships came heavy air attack trinidad damaged set fire took wounded survivors trinidad sunk arrived scapa_flow immediately took passage shipyard repairs lasted october month rejoined 8th resumed escorting convoys russia april ship refitted june later service june joined 1st atlantic convoy duty march escorting destroyer frigate corvette owen sound sank german submarine ship remained convoy duty north_atlantic transferred english channel support normandy landings months august destroyers sank day engaged drove boats destroyers defending channel coastal convoy october ship transferred 14th convoy defence december arrived liverpool repairs returning service joining paid august reduced reserve november turned january disposal arrived broken scrap february limited | HMS Forester (H74) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2616_HMSAchilles(1905) | warrior class armoured cruiser built royal_navy decade 20th century served 2nd world war ship participate sink german leopard training ship sold scrap general description displaced long tons built long tons fully loaded ship overall length feet inches beam feet inches draught feet inches powered cylinder triple expansion steam engines driving shafts developed total indicated horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph engines powered yarrow water tube boilers cylindrical boilers ship carried maximum long tons coal additional long tons fuel oil sprayed coal increase burn rate capacity steam nautical miles speed knots mph armament main armament consisted inch guns single turrets distributed centerline turrets fore aft turrets disposed corners funnels secondary armament inch mark guns single turrets carried amidships wing inch guns vickers pounders fitted turret roofs forward aft ships duke edinburgh class cruisers secondary armament inch guns inch guns open barbettes ships referred warrior class extra turrets comparison half sisters stability reduced good steady gun platforms roll ship mounted submerged inch torpedo tubes mounted stern wartime modifications single hotchkiss pounder anti aircraft gun high angle mounting mounted quarterdeck maximum depression maximum elevation gun fired pound shell muzzle velocity rate fire rounds minute maximum ceiling effective range yards foremast converted mast support weight fire control director director actually fitted known service ordered naval construction programme armoured cruisers laid february ship launched june completed april cost like sister ships joined 5th port visit russia ship later transferred 2nd accompanied sister armoured cruisers sent reinforce defences august days start world war squadron assigned grand_fleet beginning war missed evening august grand_fleet sea response message high_seas_fleet minus battle squadron leaving harbour night germans planned bombard port august extensive reconnaissance provided submarines germans broke planned attack pursue lone british battle squadron reported fact commodore realising mistake germans set course home grand_fleet sortie spotted boat sortie high_seas_fleet october armoured cruisers ordered patrol northern end north_sea approaches norway saw german ships march armed boarding steamer patrolling north encountered disguised german auxiliary cruiser leopard ship commanded prevent boarding fired torpedoes missed leopard stern badly damaging german ship opened fire german ship sank hour later survivors transferred north_america west indies station august convoy escort duties returned britain refit february december completion refit training ship chatham ship sold scrap | HMS Achilles (1905) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2617_HMSHesperus(H57) | class destroyer originally ordered late 1930s bought royal_navy beginning world war september later renamed damaged german aircraft assigned convoy escort anti submarine patrols repairs completed ship assigned convoy escort duties late briefly assigned force anti aircraft armament deemed weak transferred month escort duties north_atlantic transferred mid ocean escort force late continued escort convoys north_atlantic years converted escort destroyer early suffering damage attacks sank german submarines ship sank submarines war conventional means end war escorted ships carrying norwegian government exile norway served target ship scrapped beginning description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil giving range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men vessel designed calibre inch guns single mounts designated rear gun removed compensate additional depth charges added anti aircraft defence quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers originally fitted increased sets rails throwers fitting ship load depth charges increased completed director control tower remaining inch low angle guns fired local control ranges provided rangefinder fitted set detect submarines reflections sound waves water wartime modifications rear torpedo tubes replaced pounder gun repair june ship received radio direction mounted pole mainmast type short range surface search radar refit repair received early refit cornwall ship short range armament augmented guns wings ship bridge addition recently installed rangefinder bridge replaced type target indication radar whilst repair early ship converted escort destroyer gun replaced anti submarine mortar calibre machine gun mounts replaced pair additional depth charge replaced pounder high angle gun received ton charge depth charge throwers refit fitted acoustic protect german guided torpedoes history originally ordered december ship laid company hampshire july launched august ship purchased british september beginning world war renamed ship commissioned january command fleet air arm pilot commander renamed february mythology avoid confusion destroyer hardy brazilian class class destroyers initially formed 9th destroyer flotilla home fleet assigned anti submarine protection scapa_flow german occupation denmark sister assigned cover british occupation mid april transported elements scots guards damaged near misses dive bombers day ship sent repairs lasted month completion ship assigned convoy escort anti submarine patrol duties november 9th destroyer flotilla transferred designated tropical storm january platform gun mounted lifted gun pressed bridge repairs resumed convoy escort duties april assigned force gibraltar whilst transferred destroyer walker march escorted ships june transferred force anti aircraft capability believed admiral weak operations mediterranean received brief refit liverpool transferred july august destroyers escorted battleship prince wales carrying prime minister winston_churchill atlantic charter meeting president bay ship structurally damaged heavy weather temporarily repaired repair ship iceland given permanent repairs completion rejoined attached force december convoy duties gibraltar sister sank german submarine december atlantic west gibraltar january whilst defending convoy ship radar detected surface captain lieutenant commander ordered ram hit collision violent boat captain lieutenant submarine conning tower destroyer deck dropping depth charges setting hitting submarine multiple times inch shells submarine crew persuaded abandon ship rescued submarine crew unable board submarine sank impact flooded forward hull starboard hull plating bent tips starboard propeller received temporary repairs gibraltar given permanent repairs february april march remaining class destroyers designated leaders escort groups commander transferred commander assumed command escort group completed repairs april commander returned ship promoted captain june whilst escorting convoy near december destroyer sank german submarine time ship ripped open nearly quarter length needed months repairs liverpool ship rejoined group march sank april whilst escorting weeks later sank whilst defending convoy remained convoy escort duties refitted january march commander assumed command march group escorted convoys gibraltar united_kingdom july ship transported remains captain burial sea later year transferred 19th january commander assumed command commander 14th based plymouth april ship sister attacked wreck northwest island thinking spotted flying boat earlier day weeks later 14th escorted group surrendered german boats ship sister escorted exiled norwegian government oslo remained june days later began service aircraft target role lasted year approved scrapping february placed category reserve towed scrapping begin ensign preserved | HMS Hesperus (H57) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2763_HMSEscort(H66) | hms escort hms escort class destroyer built royal_navy early 1930s assigned home fleet completion ship attached mediterranean_fleet crisis spanish civil war spent considerable time spanish waters enforcing arms blockade imposed britain france sides conflict escort assigned convoy escort anti submarine patrol duties western approaches world war began september ship escorted ships home_fleet tow sister hms eclipse ship badly damaged german air attack escort assigned force late june participated attack early july torpedoed days later italian submarine towed days gibraltar description class ships slightly improved versions preceding class displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ships overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving propeller shaft steam provided admiralty drum boilers turbines developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph escort carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ships complement officers ratings ships mounted calibre inch mark guns single mounts anti aircraft defence quadruple mark mounts inch vickers machine gun class fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began service escort ordered scotland november construction programme laid march launched march commissioned october total cost excluding government furnished equipment like armament commissioning ship assigned 5th destroyer flotilla home fleet aside brief deployment west indies january march refitted march april escort attached mediterranean_fleet september march crisis struck lock required seven weeks repairs completed september ship patrolled spanish waters spanish civil war enforcing march returned united_kingdom escort tender light cruiser return recommissioned august assigned 12th destroyer flotilla september escort sister hms rescued odd survivors ocean liner torpedoed german submarine ship assigned convoy escort anti submarine duties transferred december similar duties north_sea escort refitted january february resumed duties destroyers hms sank german submarine february german vessel spotted submarine hms miles east began early april escort transferred home_fleet screening capital ships sortied north_sea looking german ship april sister eclipse damaged air attack april escort towed ship escorted aircraft carriers april aircraft attacked german targets norway accompanied glorious ship returned scapa_flow refuel aircraft april ship slightly damaged collision polish ocean liner escort based scapa_flow home_fleet june sailed gibraltar join uncertain rear set torpedo tubes replaced inch pounder gun time arrived july joined force attacking ships french_navy day operation planned air attack italian airfields escort torpedoed italian submarine july attack cancelled lack surprise torpedo blew hole feet wide boiler rooms killed members crew later morning | HMS Escort (H66) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2783_HMSGorgon(1914) | hms hms sister ship monitors originally built coastal defence ships respectively purchased norway beginning world war completed launched years earlier engaged targets occupied flanders months war fired shots war targets october target ship attempts sell fallen sold scrap background ordered norway supplement older class class classes coastal defense ships known norway stands armoured ship old norwegian city trondheim world war broke royal_navy warships construction britain foreign powers thirds purchase price paid construction description laid june launched june renamed earlier monitor completion greatly delayed modifications british included modifying boilers use oil coal conversion double tanks carry oil work began january suspended following estimated months work remained allow faster progress large light cruisers building armstrong naval yard september work resumed new design added large anti torpedo hull length suppression torpedo tubes millimetre guns planned large mast fitted single funnel carry directors inch inch guns guns use standard british ammunition mount inch gun modified maximum elevation gave gun maximum range yards addition cost knots mph speed prevented extra weight resulting changes deepening draft finally completed june displaced long tons deep load built length feet beam feet inches maximum main hull beam feet draught feet inches powered vertical triple expansion steam engines developed total indicated horsepower yarrow boilers gave maximum speed knots mph armed inch guns arranged single gun turrets turret fore aft secondary armament consisted inch guns single gun turrets inch turrets positioned superstructure anti aircraft gun mounted center line inch turret carried pounder pounder guns high angle mounts service arrived dover june spent weeks working engagement july fired rounds range yards german battery guns fire control system provoked response german millimetre gun south days later accompanied marshal bombardment spent month half patrol english channel preparing bombardment scheduled end september support major offensive coast september company anchored nmi belgium opened fire bridge belgium range conditions good wind tide stern anchor cable parted swung bow anchor rear turret bear target aircraft available spot little chance hit fired rounds monitors attacked times day german aircraft little effect coast defense batteries attempted engage motor launches supporting operation fired thirteen shells day attempt destroy bridge claimed hit confirmed subsequent observations october repeated experience target batteries fired rounds morning range yards accompanied vice admiral destroyer reconnaissance mission germans holding coast strength fire soon notions contrary forced turn away maximum speed knots mph faster trials hit splinters near misses following day returned original target fired rounds minutes shots war fired german batteries belgian coast sent portsmouth end war available investigate cause sister ship magazine explosion moved devonport temporary tender stone frigate vivid april paid august joined september offered rejected unsuitable requirements especially broad dock attempts sell disarmed target ship evaluate effects bombs underwater near ship effects inch gunfire finally sold scrap august broken naval dockyard | HMS Gorgon (1914) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2801_HMSBoadicea(H65) | hms hms class destroyer built royal_navy initially assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred home_fleet departure ship evacuated civilians spain beginning spanish civil war later spent considerable time spanish waters enforcing arms blockade imposed britain france sides conflict world war ship spent bulk war convoy escort duty british waters participated normandy landings badly damaged german dive bombers sunk exactly years later aerial torpedoes description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men increased wartime ship mounted calibre quick firing inch guns single mounts designated rear anti aircraft defence millimetre pounder guns mounted platform funnels fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began ship fitted type set detect submarines reflections sound waves water october ship anti aircraft armament increased rear set torpedo tubes replaced inch pounder gun gun later removed compensate additional depth charges added converted escort destroyer end gun replaced anti submarine mortar additional depth charge replaced pounder high angle gun addition pounder hotchkiss guns added deal surfaced submarines close range pounder guns replaced millimetre additional guns added construction service ship ordered march naval programme laid july launched september fifth ship carry completed april cost excluding items supplied admiralty guns ammunition communications equipment commissioning assigned 4th destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet damaged whilst sea battleship revenge march repairs lasted april later year deployed cyprus palestine assist british forces putting riots december january return june help beginnings ship deployed evacuate civilians start spanish civil war beginning refit portsmouth lasted september remained january multiple deployments coast spain enforcing april refitted leaving 4th flotilla served plane guard aircraft carriers mediterranean_fleet months emergency destroyer attached portland fleet review august august assigned 19th destroyer flotilla based dover escorted october ship transferred 22nd destroyer flotilla months rejoining 19th flotilla escorted convoys march towed oil tanker ship struck began refit chatham dockyard operational sailed france june assist evacuation british troops advancing german troops afternoon severely damaged dive bombers knocked engines boilers depth charges torpedoes reduce temporary repairs holes hull towed destroyer dover repairs portsmouth lasted february included installation type short range surface search radar ship assigned home_fleet participated search german battleships broken north_atlantic march transferred convoy escort duties remained february group disbanded assigned july ship detached escort convoy april refitted august october escorted convoy gibraltar preparations invasion french north_africa escorted british ships invasion struck shell french class destroyer november little damage days later ship escorting ocean liner india ship torpedoed destroyer attempted tow unable save ship rescued passengers crew delivered gibraltar return home ship assigned 20th escorted russia badly damaged sea ice convoy march required repairs lasted completion transferred sierra served local escort july rescued survivors torpedoed ocean liner ship returned home_fleet september briefly assigned 8th started conversion escort destroyer november included addition type target indication radar replacement type radar type completed january rejoined 8th escorted russia february april preparation operation overlord invasion normandy transferred portsmouth escorted convoys arriving england convoys channel sunk june torpedoes dropped medium bombers escorting convoy merchant ships france torpedoes caused magazine explosion sank quickly crew surviving ship included chatham naval memorial wreck miles southwest metres water bow blown forward engine rooms stern section upright reasonably intact wreck site designated protected place remains act | HMS Boadicea (H65) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
2823_HMSKingGeorgeV(41) | hms king george hms king george pennant number lead ship british king class battleships royal_navy laid commissioned king george operated second world war king george involved hunt pursuit german battleship eventually inflicting severe damage led german vessel sinking destroyer sank collision king george conditions king george took allied landings sicily bombarded island port escorted surrendered included battleships malta king george took operations japanese pacific following war king george spent years flagship placed reserve scrapped years later design general characteristics king george built walker naval yard newcastle laid january launched february commissioned december ship overall length beam draught displaced tons normal load tons load refit displaced tons load carry tons fuel oil tons diesel oil tons reserve feed water tons freshwater based designed fuel consumption range nautical miles knots nautical miles knots nautical miles knots practice fuel consumption higher knots actual range nautical miles designed tight ton limitations wartime service necessitated increases design displacement seriously reducing affecting acute low bow little forward bows easily buried moderate seas spray washing forward turrets heavy seas flood turret men machinery propulsion king george equipped admiralty boilers configuration little conventional nelson class boiler rooms placed pair associated turbine room astern total heating surface boiler plants king george ton boiler installation produced shaft horsepower giving speed knots boilers economic space fuel boilers battlecruiser hms hood fewer larger boilers lowered weight unit heat delivered increased boiler efficiency consumption fuel unit area heating surface king george fastest battleship british fleet slower german french new italian capital ships battlecruisers king george sets parsons geared turbines main turbines arranged series drove shaft double gears astern turbine incorporated exhaust low pressure turbine cruising turbine coupled directly high pressure turbine speed knots expected standard displacement knots load displacement normal output corresponding speeds condition knots respectively turbine unit low speed type rpm coupled single reduction gear produced rpm propeller shaft armament main battery tight limitations raised challenges required difficult met avoid class new ships foreign navies especially mid-1930s treaty renounced japan italy churchill wrote lord admiralty voicing strong objections proposed armament inch guns proposal inch guns completed king george mounted inch guns mounted twin turret forward quadruple turrets forward aft elevated degrees depressed degrees training arcs turret degrees turret degrees turret degrees training achieved hydraulic drive rates degrees second respectively gun broadside weighed pounds fired seconds quadruple turrets weighed tons twin turret tons turrets designed vickers armstrong works sets type equipment manufactured considerable design effort expended turrets possible complicated mechanical design turrets particularly quadruple insufficient slightly distorted link mechanisms failures intricate safety loading sequence precautions caused jams drills practice firing king george control main armament secondary battery secondary armament consisted inch guns twin mounts weighing tons grouped corners citadel twin mount main deck superimposed nearer amidships disposition gave better arcs fire freedom blast separation magazines better arrangement ammunition supply mounts revolved upper superstructure deck deck travelled roller paths armoured deck permitted flat trajectory high angle fire loading semi automatic normal rate fire rounds minute maximum range guns yards degree elevation anti aircraft ceiling feet guns elevated degrees depressed degrees guns practically fire seven rounds minute heavy weight shell fact inch round semi fixed requiring crew separately load cartridge shell breech king george introduced high angle control system anti aircraft fire control system royal_navy pioneered use rate unit anti aircraft battery king george design inch quadruple machine gun mounts replaced mounts combat air attack fitted turret turret replaced mount added stern mounted king george designed produced result post world war requirement multiple mounting effective close range bombers torpedo planes model tested superior developed countries time mark muzzle velocity feet second inch bore barrel length fired pound shell rate rounds minute controlled fire rounds minute automatic fire range mark yards muzzle velocity feet second mount weighed tons mark vii quadruple mount weighed tons power operated elevated degrees depressed degrees rate degrees second rate train normal ammunition supply board rounds barrel king george introduced director royal_navy ship world feature target tracking anti aircraft directors operational history class completed king george commissioned shipyard sailed scotland october took board ammunition began sea trials end year joined home_fleet flow crossed atlantic early lord halifax ambassador united_states covered east bound convoy return arriving scapa_flow february task provide distant cover raid islands north west coast norway escorted atlantic convoys march action heavy cruiser broke atlantic_ocean king george sailed cruisers destroyers support cruiser patrols iceland king george flagship admiral sir commanded force king george miles away morning hood engaged hood sunk prince wales damaged taking fire forced retire damaged continued south british located flying boat sighted heading french port brest king george miles away aircraft carrier ordered launch air attack torpedo bombers flight damaged slowing rudder forcing turn atlantic away safety port joined king george maintained knots nearly maximum speed king george percent fuel left fuel continue chase high speed following day admiral signalled battle plan sunrise free independently long generally movements king ships close range yards quickly possible turn broadside fire spotted turned away range soon sighted british ships starboard quarter informed roughly yards southwest king george sight yards minutes later opened fire king george followed suit minute answered immediately second king george closed yards inch guns firing firing inch concentrated remaining guns king george occasional shell came close king george yards opened fire inch guns moved yards shell hitting penetrated hydraulic machinery turret disabled causing guns run maximum depression wrecked large fire burned amidships firing steadily minutes problems king george began having trouble main battery point onward missed gun failures safety protection ammunition feed jams obviously sinking detailed cruiser finish torpedoes king george fired shells action king george low fuel returned port knots escorted destroyers guard german air submarine attack day escort reduced destroyers german aircraft attack scored hits king george returned port safely destroyer sent ahead refuel bombed sunk collision damage repairs adjustments guns king george attacked german shipping norway october covered convoys russia operating escort convoy collided destroyer avoid crossed bow dense fog cut king george feet bow badly damaged king george entered dock liverpool repairs returned scapa_flow july resume convoy escort duty mediterranean operations king george moved gibraltar preparation king george sister ship allocated reserve covering group operation got way july ships bombarded sicily july helped defend air raid whilst prior departing allied invasion italy ships bombarded islands reserve group landings began september king george escorted including battleships malta armistice howe provided cover transported taranto support operation september cruiser uss fast battleship escorted naval force occupied italian naval base taranto later escorted surrendered italian ships malta alexandria bombarding german positions landings king george returned united_kingdom pacific operations king george liverpool overhaul march june included installation additional radar gear anti aircraft guns improved accommodation ventilation october king george sailed scapa_flow command admiral sir join royal_navy units assembling ceylon stop alexandria route enabled divert bombard german positions december resumed eastward journey arriving december king george got way january flotilla known task force comprised king george aircraft carriers victorious cruisers destroyers stage voyage covering nautical miles sydney route force attacked oil sumatra operation practised sea beat japanese air attack king george anti aircraft crews shooting joined howe designated task force involved operations late march launched attacks airfields task repeated early king george led battleships cruisers minute bombardment japanese air facilities allies approached japanese homeland king george dispatched mid july join battleships bombardment industrial installations king george fired rounds inch guns operation task force moved southern carried bombardment aviation factories okinawa campaign battleship supported fast carriers offensive action night bombardment july dropping atomic bombs hiroshima nagasaki surrender followed king george moved units tokyo bay present surrender ceremonies post war january conveyed duke gloucester official visit australia returning portsmouth march flagship home_fleet december training vessel king active naval career terminated royal_navy june sister ships went reserve king george large warship preserved fashion involved sealing armament machinery boilers damp installing december downgraded extended reserve decision taken scrap ships following year king george moved berth ship breaking firm undergo career king george refitted occasions order update equipment following dates details undertaken | HMS King George V (41) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
3309_HMSHood(1891) | modified class pre dreadnought battleship built royal_navy early 1890s differed ships class cylindrical gun turrets instead barbettes lower served active career mediterranean_sea low disadvantage ship placed reserve later receiving ship ireland hood development anti torpedo scuttled late act southern entrance portland harbour start world war design hood class battleships built differed significantly ships class forward feet inches compared feet inches ships reverted higher classes low vessel constructed class low popular years required armour smaller target gunfire hit disadvantage reduced low meant hood wet rough weather maximum speed reduced rapidly wave height increased making suitable service relatively calm mediterranean seen barbette high design rest class subsequent british battleship classes high lower required use armoured gun turrets heavy type rotating gun mounting mid late 19th century different later known turrets hood half sisters mounted guns exposed barbettes lighter arrangement allowed substantially increased heavy old fashioned type turrets added weight high ship compared barbettes decreased ship stability stability ship largely high rolling angles given larger metacentric height vertical distance centre gravity feet instead feet rest roll rough seas effect making roll period shorter compared sisters turn gunnery accurate fitted improved general characteristics hood overall length feet inches beam feet draught feet inches deep load displaced long tons normal load long tons deep load crew numbered officers enlisted men propulsion ship powered cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines driving propeller water tube boilers provided steam engines produced maximum indicated horsepower forced intended allow reach speed knots mph carried maximum long tons coal steam nautical miles knots mph armament ship armed calibre inch guns twin gun turrets fore aft superstructure gun provided shells gun hood secondary armament consisted calibre inch guns mounted casemates superstructure major problem guns mounted upper deck mounted low ship high speed heavy weather removed useless ship carried rounds gun defence torpedo boats provided pounder guns exact type gun known mounted main deck casemates sides hull suffered problems inch guns hood mounted dozen pounder hotchkiss guns mounted superstructure fighting tops like sisters ship fitted seven inch torpedo tubes mounted bow waterline placed sides hull broadside stern tubes water fitted shaped underwater ram pounder guns mounted turret years later pounders fighting tops transferred forward superstructure time water torpedo tubes removed pounders main deck removed superstructure replaced pounders forward superstructure removed pounders lower fighting tops removed ship reserve armour hood protection compound armour steel armour waterline main belt ranged thickness inches thick covered middle feet ship feet high feet inches waterline normal load fore aft bulkheads inch thick respectively closed ends central citadel level waterline upper inch armour feet long protected ship barbettes oblique bulkheads inches thick connected armour protecting bases turrets gun turrets bases protected inches armour inches oblique bulkheads armoured deck armour reduced inches armour main deck casemates inches thick forward conning tower inches thick armoured deck inches thick machinery inches outside central citadel ran ends ship bow reinforce ship ram construction career hood laid chatham dockyard august launched july hood finished sea trials commissioned june cost assignment mediterranean_fleet delayed sprang leak forward compartments june result faulty excessive strain hull docked repairs took days ship left mediterranean june hood arrived malta july relieving battleship ship served blockading crete maintaining order turkish uprising captain appointed command december ordered return home april paid reserve chatham dockyard april seven months later december hood recommissioned relieve elderly ironclad port guard ship ship rejoined mediterranean_fleet end captain appointed command participated combined exercises coasts late days exercises ended hood damaged rudder leaving harbor october went malta temporary repairs england permanent repairs chatham dockyard twin screws steer entire voyage repairs began december transferred devonport refit completion june hood relieved battleship home_fleet took combined exercises channel_fleet mediterranean fleet home_fleet coast portugal august battleship russell relieved hood september hood placed reserve devonport january remained february april ship refitted partially stripped devonport began service receiving ship ireland september hood recommissioned serve flagship senior naval officer coast ireland continuing receiving ship april ship harbour census later hood towed portsmouth listed disposal employed target underwater protection experiments secret tests anti torpedo subsequently photographed dry dock portsmouth crew june placed sale list august november hood scuttled portland harbour block potential access route boats torpedoes fired outside harbour wreck known old hole wall despite royal_navy included hood sale list | HMS Hood (1891) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
3357_HMSPomone(1897) | hms hms class protected cruiser built royal_navy late 1890s ship boilers troublesome decommissioned single foreign deployment served stationary training ship sold scrap design description class cruisers designed sir designed colonial service support main fleet class served variety water tube boiler designs unsatisfactory ship decommissioned years service hms displaced long tons overall length feet inches beam feet inches draft feet powered inverted cylinder vertical triple expansion steam engines driving propeller shaft steam supplied coal fired water tube boilers engines intended develop maximum indicated horsepower forced draft developed total indicated horsepower sea trials gave maximum speed knots mph ship crew officers men armed single inch guns pounder guns machine guns inch torpedo tubes protective deck ranged inches thickness ship conning tower walls inches thick inch guns protected gun shields inches thick service hms laid dockyard december launched november completed ship served single commission suffered continuous boiler problems january stationed protect british interests especially kuwait commander appointed command late march november december cruisers escorted lord tour middle_east boilers unreliable removed effective list october admiral lord fisher started ineffective ships sea lord laid pending decision final disposal disarmed january stationary training ship engineers sold scrap october dover | HMS Pomone (1897) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
3536_HMSDefender(H07) | class destroyer built royal_navy early 1930s ship initially assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred early temporarily deployed red_sea late crisis returning assigned station remained defender transferred mediterranean_fleet world war began september briefly assigned west_africa convoy escort duties returning mediterranean ship participated year damage defender assisted evacuations greece crete april began running supply missions libya june ship badly damaged german bomber missions scuttled consort july description defender displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches powered parsons geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum water tube boilers defender carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers men ship mounted calibre inch mark guns single mounts anti aircraft defence diamond single pounder inch gun funnels millimetre pounder guns mounted bridge fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began career ordered february naval programme defender laid yard yard number june launched april completed october having cost total excluding admiralty supplied equipment guns ammunition wireless outfits ship initially assigned 1st destroyer flotilla mediterranean brief deployment red_sea september november defender refitted september october service 8th later 21st arrived hong_kong january ship attached mediterranean_fleet red_sea november june crisis visited ports month returning boilers singapore november january repaired hong_kong january march outbreak war defender assigned mediterranean_fleet arrived alexandria september assigned control duties transferred gibraltar january ship patrolled portuguese coast transferred mid february escort convoys west african coast defender transferred gibraltar april escorting light cruiser neptune route arrived april month joined 10th destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet escorted convoy carrying australian new_zealand troops middle_east red_sea june destroyers sank italian submarine console south east crete defender participated july escort heavy ships force unsuccessfully engaged italian destroyers suffering damage sisters diamond australian destroyer stuart light cruisers liverpool escorted convoy egypt ports late july november defender destroyers hasty hero screened capital ships mediterranean_fleet provided distant cover passage egypt malta convoy malta operation operation collar late november defender anti aircraft cruiser destroyers sailed alexandria rendezvous convoy coming gibraltar reaching malta november destroyers joined battleship light cruisers sailed rendezvous force coming gibraltar day british forces combined spotted italians inconclusive fought january defender escorted convoy sister diamond anti aircraft cruiser calcutta alexandria malta operation excess ship refitted malta february march participated march operation demon evacuation allied troops greece escorted convoy april alexandria italian destroyer torpedo boats attacked convoy night east crete rebuffed defenders inflicting damage following month defender assisted evacuation troops crete egypt germans invaded operation june defender ships 10th arrived coast reinforce royal_navy forces supporting invasion french controlled syria lebanon ship engaged time lebanon syria later month began escorting convoys june australian destroyer badly damaged italian dive bombers defender took tow day capsized sank loss july defender returning company australian destroyer attacked single bomber piloted reconnaissance flight coast dawn bomber scored near miss defender detonated ship forward engine room shock broke ship flooded engine room casualties crew passengers took defender tow leaving skeleton crew aboard damaged ship started break forced torpedo gunfire hours later | HMS Defender (H07) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
3547_HMSBeagle(H30) | hms class destroyer built royal_navy initially assigned mediterranean_fleet transferred home_fleet world war ship spent bulk war escort duty participating normandy landings accepting surrender german garrison day formal german surrender ship exception pattern helped evacuate british soldiers civilians war assisted sinking german submarine claimed shot german aircraft redundant war broken scrap description displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ship overall length feet beam feet inches draught feet inches powered geared steam turbines driving shafts developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph steam turbines provided admiralty drum boilers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ship complement officers enlisted men increased wartime ship mounted calibre quick firing inch guns single mounts designated rear anti aircraft defence millimetre pounder guns mounted platform funnels fitted water quadruple torpedo tube mounts inch torpedoes depth charge rail throwers fitted depth charges originally carried increased shortly war began ship fitted type set detect submarines reflections sound waves water october ship anti aircraft armament increased rear set torpedo tubes replaced inch pounder gun gun removed compensate additional depth charges added december ship converted escort destroyer replacement gun anti submarine mortar additional depth charge replaced pounder high angle gun pounder mounts replaced millimetre additional guns added forward superstructure june gun replaced split system launchers gun combat german boats pounder gun mounted tip bow construction service ship ordered march glasgow naval programme laid october launched september seventh ship carry completed april cost excluding items supplied admiralty guns ammunition communications equipment commissioning assigned 4th destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet shortly returning home deployed arab revolt support british forces flotilla reassigned home_fleet september ship began refit devonport arriving august lasted january refitted april september assigned plane guard aircraft carrier furious assignment lasted months refitted november january plane guard carrier collided sister ship required month worth repairs april following completion ship reassigned furious docked start world war september transferred 19th destroyer flotilla beginning war spent time april escorting convoys patrolling english channel north_sea aside dockyard period december january escorted convoys norway evacuated british troops civilians france action rescued survivors ocean liner sunk german aircraft evacuation june ship transferred 1st destroyer flotilla dover july damaged dive bombers july repairs devonport lasted august ship transferred 22nd destroyer flotilla completion served english channel transferred home_fleet escort duties october promptly escorted ferried aircraft iceland escorted convoy west_africa assigned february convoy escort duties clyde iceland repair weather damage broke foremast october type target indication radar installed bridge replaced director control tower rangefinder ship extensively damaged weather months later converted escort destroyer process lasted april point later war type short range surface search radar fitted assigned escort convoy soviet port april escorted convoy return trip convoy attacked german destroyers escorting destroyers drove german ships despite seriously lightly damaged splinters engagement return ship assigned escorted convoys clyde iceland october transferred participated november returning escort russia beginning december refit improve radar anti submarine equipment arctic ordered sierra early served local escort november month returned home_fleet escorted convoys russia 8th whilst escorting convoy ship assisted sinking german submarine april conjunction aircraft escort carrier assigned escort support forces participating operation overlord ship claimed shot medium bombers june began refit july dockyard lasted september rejoined 8th completion extensive repairs required december february briefly reassigned 8th transferred march escort duties ship tasked blockade german occupied ports france april accepted surrender german garrison sister bulldog placed reserve days later approved scrapping december turned scrapping january moved yard limited days later | HMS Beagle (H30) | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
3642_GandH-classdestroyer | class destroyer class destroyers group destroyers built royal_navy 1930s additional ships built world war began purchased british named class design major export success ships built argentine navies assigned mediterranean_fleet completion enforced spanish civil war ships recalled home sent north_atlantic october november clear going intervene world war began escort convoys patrol german submarines commerce raiders ships lost german mines months war lost combat german cruiser battle april test destroyers june participating evacuation subsequent evacuations allied troops western france ships sunk bombs torpedoes class ships sent mediterranean case decided attack france majority surviving sent july participated battle assigned mediterranean_fleet sister ships end year ships participated battles losing italian mines torpedoes sinking italian submarines spent war north_atlantic convoy escort duties losing half number german submarines helping sink exchange end war class ships mediterranean_fleet escorted numerous malta convoys participated march covered evacuation troops greece crete june losing german bombers badly damaged later written end year sunk submarines italian german participated second battle march damaged damaged aerial attacks ordered gibraltar ran aground transit destroyed torpedoed lost operation vigorous june ships sank submarines destroyers began conversion escort destroyers late year early surviving transferred conversion surviving ships joined half sisters escort duty north_atlantic ship sent mediterranean transferred preparation operation overlord sank german submarines worn obsolete survivors broken scrap sold war design description classes class ordered naval construction programme class following ships based preceding class elimination cruising turbines development compact machinery allowed dimensions displacement slightly reduced class repeats minor differences destroyers fitted ability use speed destroyer sweep gear class destroyers displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ships overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches peacetime complement officers ratings intended increase wartime ships stability limit built director naval construction believed additions weight equal weight removed powered parsons geared steam turbines driving propeller shaft steam provided admiralty drum boilers operated pressure psi kpa cm2 temperature fitted johnson boiler aft boiler room turbines developed total shaft horsepower gave maximum speed knots mph destroyers carried maximum long tons fuel oil gave range nautical miles knots mph ships main armament quick firing inch mark guns single mounts designated rear guns maximum elevation class achieved lowered section deck mount allowed breech gun lowered deck height new gun mount class designed reach elevation necessity clumsy wells fired pound shell muzzle velocity range yards served twin inch gun mount tribal classes temporarily replaced gun anti aircraft defence quadruple mounts inch machine gun platforms funnels class ships fitted quadruple mounts inch torpedo tubes new mount ships equipped throwers rack depth charges main guns controlled control clock data derived manually operated director control tower separate rangefinder situated bridge capability anti aircraft fire anti aircraft guns aimed solely eye hero saw introduction new style bridge standard royal_navy fleet destroyers class battle class necessary fitted prototype twin gun mounting height inches higher previous weapons necessary raise allow raising meant placed underneath bridge given angled sides resulting characteristic wedge shape sloping roof wartime modifications beginning bank torpedo tubes removed replaced pounder gun mast funnel cut improve gun field fire cannons added surviving ships usually replacing calibre machine gun mounts funnels pair added bridge wings pair mounted abreast platform early war depth charge increased ships afloat gun quarterdeck removed allow additional depth charge additional depth charge throwers pounder removed allow installation radio direction short mainmast depth charges survivors gun replaced anti submarine mortar director control tower rangefinder bridge removed exchange type target indication radar gun later replaced hero exchanged gun twin gun mount pounder hotchkiss guns use boats close range type short range surface search radar adapted royal_air_force radar added early models scan directly forward aimed turning entire ship flotilla leaders class flotilla leaders built enlarged design incorporating fifth inch gun position funnels based class leader shorter heavier hardy compact yarrow type fired boilers hardy slightly displaced long tons standard load long tons deep load ships overall length feet beam feet draught feet inches ships carried total personnel included staff captain commanding officer flotilla turbines shp powerful private ships knots mph faster propulsion machinery identical ships early wartime losses consequently received modifications class laid brazil september anti submarine work completed gun equipped throwers racks total depth charges unlike half sisters fitted combined rangefinder director bridge wartime modifications similar class ships pounder gun replaced aft torpedo tubes added bridge wings type radar installed later modifications replaced calibre machine guns pair type radar added replaced rangefinder director substituted gun pounder removed depth charge mast installed aft ships royal_navy class class class ships ordered outbreak world war royal_navy usually included class seven ships built buenos_aires class delivered built ship lost collision remaining ships service broken early 1970s brazilian navy brazil ordered class ships britain ships purchased britain outbreak war described decided produce indigenous destroyers acre class das shipyard rio_de_janeiro design based class plans supplied britain guns machinery supplied united_states laid ships completed ships modified versions class built yarrow late 1930s ships fitted german millimetre guns millimetre guns number torpedo tubes reduced ships compensate additional installation armament carried greece germans refused ship weapons britain named king george served damaged german aircraft ship managed reach navy yard dry dock repairs damage german air attacks finally scuttled prevent capture germans raised repaired commissioned march heavily damaged tunisia april scuttled named served ships escaped alexandria joined allied forces lost german aircraft anchored september service class spent bulk time start world war assigned 1st destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet number neutrality patrols spanish civil war exception repair malta premature explosion depth charges returned home october november clear italians enter war hardy class ships assigned 2nd destroyer flotilla joined mediterranean commissioning similar duties weeks assigned 1st assigned ships transferred 22nd tasked escort patrol duty sunk november struck january unlike 1st second transferred force west_africa help search german commerce raiders ships later transferred bermuda west indies escort work patrolling returned january spent months commissioning renamed respectively avoid confusion hardy class destroyers initially formed 9th destroyer flotilla assigned anti submarine patrols escort duty german invasion norway caused detached reinforce home_fleet repair early stages participate battles april remaining ships assigned home_fleet time separated battlecruiser renown heavy storm april encountered german heavy cruiser admiral hipper destroyers british destroyer sunk admiral hipper hardy hostile hunter participated april sank german destroyers exchange loss hardy hunter badly damaged day hero sank german submarine norwegian coast class destroyer participate second battle days later griffin hasty helped cover evacuation allied troops end month escorted transports conducting evacuation june loaned repairs finished remained mediterranean escorting convoys malta alexandria egypt transferred september mid 2nd transferred mediterranean hostile hero hasty assigned later month remaining class ships participated operation torpedoed whilst rescuing survivors torpedoed destroyer scuttled destroyer later day grenade blew set fire german bombs days later june sunk german bombers damaged evacuating troops helped evacuate troops operation cycle griffin participated evacuation allied troops jean ships 2nd participated inconclusive july weeks later hasty hero escorting australian light cruiser sydney encountered italian light cruisers sinking battle cape ships escorted convoys ships mediterranean_fleet rest year hostile sunk struck italian august sunk italian submarine december assigned 13th supporting july joined griffin shortly ships escorted force battle september french forces hasty sank italian submarine october coast griffin sank italian submarine october griffin assigned 14th destroyer flotilla mediterranean_fleet hero participated inconclusive november 9th returned july september briefly transferred weeks response possible invasion operation sea lion returned end month sank october november 9th designated remained escort duty began lengthy griffin covering convoy malta january struck blew bow griffin rescued crew ship towed malta repairs estimated june declared total loss stripped equipment beached aerial attack april january sank italian submarine torpedoed ships convoy escorting months later sank italian submarine march griffin hasty participated march sunk german dive bombers months later crete suffered similar fate week later hero hasty participated evacuations greece crete ships supported allied forces syria june class ships joined griffin began escorting convoys alexandria july occasional convoys malta continued rest year hasty sank december returning surviving spent year convoy escort duties atlantic aside brief mediterranean convoy escorted participation raid july hurricane badly damaged german bomb took rest year repair transferred force december anti submarine defence sank january march class destroyers designated group leaders winter assigned escort force convoy damaged german bomber repairs rejoined half sisters north_atlantic december sank griffin transferred february hasty hero participated second battle march damaged repair malta damaged ordered gibraltar repairs safer environment whilst transit ran aground coast night april navigational error destroyed prevent capture destroyers hero sank reinforce escorts operation vigorous convoy alexandria malta june griffin temporarily recalled join sisters mission hasty torpedoed german boat scuttled june october hero shared credit sinking destroyers bomber squadron raf griffin arrived home month begin conversion escort destroyer remained north_atlantic december began escorting convoys gibraltar hero sent home converted escort destroyers early griffin hero transferred march november renamed ottawa respectively began escort duties conversion completed lasted october escorting convoy rammed march disabled process french corvette finished submarine following day sunk turn sunk sank april continued escort convoys north_atlantic january transferred hurricane remained convoy duties ship torpedoed december scuttled day transferred mediterranean april sank september began lengthy refit november barely finished working war ended ottawa escorting convoys north_atlantic transferred preparation operation overlord escorts convoy sank march ottawa sank german submarines corvette july august days later ottawa lengthy began late completed march patrolled end war ottawa returned north_atlantic refit finished february completed end war struck small april crushed underwater portion bow repair months assisted aircraft squadron raf sank april postwar surviving ships essentially obsolete worn war ended ottawa canadian troops home paid october ship sold scrap actually broken worst shape canadian destroyers paid august scrapped like sister transported food supplies dutch belgian towns immediately end war home_fleet reduced reserve august purchased november renamed training ship remained service sold dominican_republic renamed ship sold scrap escorted norwegian government exile norway served target ship broken late respectively like sisters served target ship repairs completed scrapped beginning | G and H-class destroyer | Warfare | Warships and naval units | Warships of the United Kingdom |
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