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4b9cf9f03808a55828655bb1937134a8 | Anorexia nervosa often soothes during the teen years or young adulthood. | [
{
"docid": "902021ea68cd72d801d71284f615cd7b",
"text": "Anorexia nervosa Anorexia nervosa , often referred to simply as anorexia , is an eating disorder characterized by a low weight , fear of gaining weight , a strong desire to be thin , and food restriction . Many people with anorexia see themselves as overweight even though they are in fact underweight . If asked they usually deny they have a problem with low weight . Often they weigh themselves frequently , eat only small amounts , and only eat certain foods . Some will exercise excessively , force themselves to vomit , or use laxatives to produce weight loss . Complications may include osteoporosis , infertility and heart damage , among others . Women will often stop having menstrual periods . The cause is not known . There appear to be some genetic components with identical twins more often affected than non-identical twins . Cultural factors also appear to play a role with societies that value thinness having higher rates of disease . Additionally , it occurs more commonly among those involved in activities that value thinness such as high-level athletics , modelling , and dancing . Anorexia often begins following a major life-change or stress-inducing event . The diagnosis requires a significantly low weight . The severity of disease is based on body mass index ( BMI ) in adults with mild disease having a BMI of greater than 17 , moderate a BMI of 16 to 17 , severe a BMI of 15 to 16 , and extreme a BMI less than 15 . In children a BMI for age percentile of less than the 5th percentile is often used . Treatment of anorexia involves restoring a healthy weight , treating the underlying psychological problems , and addressing behaviors that promote the problem . While medications do not help with weight gain , they may be used to help with associated anxiety or depression . A number of types of therapy may be useful including an approach where parents assume responsibility for feeding their child , known as Maudsley family therapy and cognitive behavioral therapy . Sometimes people require admission to hospital to restore weight . Evidence for benefit from nasogastric tube feeding , however , is unclear . Some people will just have a single episode and recover while others may have many episodes over years . Many complications improve or resolve with regaining of weight . Globally , anorexia is estimated to affect 2.9 million people as of 2015 . It is estimated to occur in 0.9 % to 4.3 % of women and 0.2 % to 0.3 % of men in Western countries at some point in their life . About 0.4 % of young females are affected in a given year and it is estimated to occur ten times less commonly in males . Rates in most of the developing world are unclear . Often it begins during the teen years or young adulthood . While anorexia became more commonly diagnosed during the 20th century it is unclear if this was due to an increase in its frequency or simply better diagnosis . In 2013 it directly resulted in about 600 deaths globally , up from 400 deaths in 1990 . Eating disorders also increase a person 's risk of death from a wide range of other causes , including suicide . About 5 % of people with anorexia die from complications over a ten-year period , a nearly 6 times increased risk . The term anorexia nervosa was first used in 1873 by William Gull to describe this condition .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d4eae55b387a86a67b61efbfaa56e9ab",
"text": "Psychosocial treatment of needle phobia in children While needle phobia is not age-specific , it is more common in children than in adults . The latest research from all fields indicates that needle-fear is predominant among children fears with some research claiming that up to 93 % of children experience -LSB- needle-related -RSB- stress . '' Many studies have been performed investigating psychosocial methods of helping children cope with their fear . Current research in this area has investigated several types of non-invasive treatments to aid children in their needle phobia . These can be categorized into distraction techniques and other methods . These techniques offer safer , cheaper alternatives to drug or anesthetic treatments ( see Treatment ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f65860a68e0cdfcb5b43a173120c9131",
"text": "Sexual identity therapy Sexual identity therapy ( SIT ) is a framework to `` aid mental health practitioners in helping people arrive at a healthy and personally acceptable resolution of sexual identity and value conflicts . '' It was invented by Warren Throckmorton and Mark Yarhouse , professors at small conservative evangelical colleges . It has been endorsed by former American Psychological Association president Nick Cummings , psychiatrist Robert Spitzer , and the provost of Wheaton College , Stanton Jones . Sexual identity therapy puts the emphasis on how the client wants to live , identifies the core beliefs and helps the client live according to those beliefs . The creators state that their recommendations `` are not sexual reorientation therapy protocols in disguise , '' but that they `` help clients pursue lives they value . '' They say clients `` have high levels of satisfaction with this approach '' . It is presented as an alternative to both sexual orientation change efforts and gay affirmative psychotherapy . Work for developing the framework began with the establishment of the Institute for the Study of Sexual Identity in 2004 . The announcement of the framework for Sexual Identity Therapy were first released on April 16 , 2007 . In June 2007 , the guidelines were presented at the American Psychological Association convention in San Francisco . In 2008 the authors announced they were going to review the framework because of `` continual changes that are occurring in the area of therapy for individuals experiencing same-sex attractions . '' In 2009 , the APA released a report stating that such an approach is ethical and may be beneficial for some clients .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad37e45dfa3b258fce60b0f5d85469a2",
"text": "Transitional Living for Older Homeless Youth In the United States , Transitional Living Programs usually refer to programs and efforts to teach independent living skills to homeless youth and help them transition to adulthood . The United States government supports a grant program to fund such efforts . The Transitional Living Program for Older Homeless Youth ( often referred to as TLP ) , funded by the Family and Youth Services Bureau of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services , provides residential services for up to 18 months for homeless youth ages 16 to 22 . Often older runaway , thrownaway , and homeless youth either have no home or are unable to return home because of abuse , neglect , abandonment , or severe family conflict . These youth must transition to adulthood without the support of family , leaving the youth to learn to cook and care for themselves , find jobs ( often without a high school degree ) , and apply to college on their own . Many of these youth end up using drugs and alcohol or participating in prostitution to earn money . TLPs provide youth with safe and stable living arrangements , which can be in the form of host family homes , group homes , maternity group homes , or supervised apartments . TLPs also provide training and support services , either directly or by referral , to help youth develop the life skills needed to gain independence and live on their own . Types of services include : life skills training , including financial planning and responsibility , food preparation , and parenting skills ; educational opportunities , including GED preparation , high-school completion support , college counseling , and vocational training ; employment opportunities and assistance like career counseling , resume writing , and interview skills ; substance abuse treatment or prevention ; group or individual counseling ; and medical care , including routine physicals and emergency treatment . Maternity group homes provide the same services as other TLPs , but also provide parenting instruction and child care . The United States Congress first authorized funding for Transitional Living Programs through the 1988 Amendments to the Runaway and Homeless Youth Act . The program has since been funded through the Runaway , Homeless , and Missing Children Protection Act of 2003 . It is currently funded by FYSB under the Reconnecting Homeless Youth Act of 2008 ( Public Law 110-378 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b08c0f8d6499fedab241f4d7294219e9",
"text": "Irritable bowel syndrome Irritable bowel syndrome ( IBS ) is a group of symptoms -- including abdominal pain and changes in the pattern of bowel movements without any evidence of underlying damage . These symptoms occur over a long time , often years . It has been classified into four main types depending on if diarrhea is common , constipation is common , both are common , or neither occurs very often ( IBS-D , IBS-C , IBS-M , or IBS-U respectively ) . IBS negatively affects quality of life and may result in missed school or work . Disorders such as anxiety , major depression , and chronic fatigue syndrome are common among people with IBS . The causes of IBS are not clear . Theories include gut -- brain axis problems , small intestinal bacterial overgrowth , genetic factors , food sensitivity , and gut motility problems . Onset may be triggered by an intestinal infection , or stressful life event . IBS is a functional gastrointestinal disorder . Diagnosis is based on signs and symptoms in the absence of worrisome features . Worrisome features include onset at greater than 50 years of age , weight loss , blood in the stool , or a family history of inflammatory bowel disease . Other conditions that may present similarly include celiac disease , microscopic colitis , inflammatory bowel disease , bile acid malabsorption , and colon cancer . There is no cure for IBS . Treatment is carried out to improve symptoms . This may include dietary changes , medication , probiotics , and counseling . Dietary measures include increasing soluble fiber intake , a gluten free diet , or a diet low in fermentable oligosaccharides , disaccharides , monosaccharides , and polyols ( FODMAP ) . The medication loperamide may be used to help with diarrhea while laxatives may be used to help with constipation . Antidepressants may improve overall symptoms and pain . Patient education and a good doctor -- patient relationship are an important part of care . About 10 to 15 % of people in the developed world are believed to be affected by IBS . It is more common in South America and less common in Southeast Asia . It is twice as common in women as men and typically occurs before age 45 . The condition appears to become less common with age . IBS does not affect life expectancy or lead to other serious diseases . The first description of the condition was in 1820 while the current term `` irritable bowel syndrome '' came into use in 1944 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1895cfbc7686c10d20f91d339503064c",
"text": "Childhood Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence . According to Piaget 's theory of cognitive development , childhood consists of two stages : preoperational stage and concrete operational stage . In developmental psychology , childhood is divided up into the developmental stages of toddlerhood ( learning to walk ) , early childhood ( play age ) , middle childhood ( school age ) , and adolescence ( puberty through post-puberty ) . Various childhood factors could affect a person 's attitude formation . '' ' The concept of childhood emerged during the 17th and 18th centuries , particularly through the educational theories of the philosopher John Locke and the growth of books for and about children . Previous to this point , children were often seen as incomplete versions of adults .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bacfd2d9b61b084ed650ebf93c5eaf4e",
"text": "Delayed- Maturation Theory of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder The Delayed-Maturation Theory of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder suggests that Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ( OCD ) can be caused by delayed maturation of the frontal striatal circuitry or parts of the brain that make up the frontal cortex , striatum , or integrating circuits . Some researchers suspect that variations in the volume of specific brain structures can be observed in children that have OCD ( Lambert , K.G ; Kinsley , C.H. , 2011 ) . It has not been determined if delayed-maturation of this frontal circuitry contributes to the development of OCD or if OCD is the ailment that inhibits normal growth of structures in the frontal striatal , frontal cortex , or striatum . However , the use of neuroimaging has equipped researchers with evidence of some brain structures that are consistently less adequate and less matured in patients diagnosed with OCD in comparison to brains without OCD . More specifically , structures such as the caudate nucleus , volumes of gray matter , white matter , and the cingulate have been identified as being less developed in people with OCD in comparison to individuals that do not have OCD ( Lambert , K.G. ; Kinsley , C.H. ) . However , the cortex volume of the operculum ( brain ) is larger and OCD patients are also reported to have larger temporal lobe volumes ; which has been identified in some women patients with OCD ( Jenike , M. ; Breiter , H. ; at el , 1996 ) . Further research is needed to determine the effect of these structural size differences on the onset and degree of OCD and the maturation of specific brain structures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e48d2e3ceec273f915aa8ab80c53dae3",
"text": "Motivational interviewing Motivational interviewing ( MI ) refers to a counseling approach in part developed by clinical psychologists William R. Miller and Stephen Rollnick . The concept of motivational interviewing evolved from experience in the treatment of problem drinkers , and was first described by Miller ( 1983 ) in an article published in Behavioural Psychotherapy . These fundamental concepts and approaches were later elaborated by Miller and Rollnick ( 1991 ) in a more detailed description of clinical procedures . MI is a goal-oriented , client-centered counseling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence . Compared with non-directive counseling , it 's more focused and goal-directed . It departs from traditional Rogerian client-centered therapy through this use of direction , in which therapists attempt to influence clients to consider making changes , rather than non-directively explore themselves . The examination and resolution of ambivalence is a central purpose , and the counselor is intentionally directive in pursuing this goal . MI recognizes and accepts the fact that clients who need to make changes in their lives approach counseling at different levels of readiness to change their behavior . During counseling , some clients may have thought about making a behavior change , but may not yet have taken steps to make that change themselves . Alternatively , other clients may be actively trying to change their behavior and may have been doing so unsuccessfully for years . In order for a therapist to be successful at motivational interviewing , four basic interaction skills should first be established . These skills include : the ability to ask open-ended questions , the ability to provide affirmations , the capacity for reflective listening , and the ability to periodically provide summary statements to the client . These skills are used strategically , while focusing on a variety of topics , such as looking back , reflecting on a typical day , the importance of change , looking forward , and examining one 's confidence about behavior changes . Motivational interviewing is non-judgmental , non-confrontational and non-adversarial . The approach attempts to increase the client 's awareness of the potential problems caused , consequences experienced , and risks faced as a result of the behavior in question . Alternatively , or in addition , therapists may help clients envision a better future , and become increasingly motivated to achieve it . Either way , the strategy seeks to help clients think differently about their behavior and ultimately to consider what might be gained through change . Motivational interviewing focuses on the present , and entails working with a client to access motivation to change a particular behavior that is not consistent with a client 's personal value or goal . Warmth , genuine empathy , and acceptance are necessary to foster therapeutic gain ( Rogers , 1961 ) within motivational interviewing . Another central concept is that ambivalence about decisions is resolved by conscious and unconscious weighing of pros and cons of change vs. not changing ( Ajzen , 1980 ) . The main goals of motivational interviewing are to engage clients , elicit change talk , and evoke motivation to make positive changes from the client . For example , change talk can be elicited by asking the client questions , such as `` How might you like things to be different ? '' or `` How does ______ interfere with things that you would like to do ? '' Change may occur quickly or may take considerable time , and the pace of change will vary from client to client . Knowledge alone is usually not sufficient to motivate change within a client , and challenges in maintaining change should be thought of as the rule , not the exception . Ultimately , practitioners must recognize that motivational interviewing involves collaboration not confrontation , evocation not education , autonomy rather than authority , and exploration instead of explanation . Effective processes for positive change focus on goals that are small , important to the client , specific , realistic , and oriented in the present and/or future . While there are as many variations in technique as there are clinical encounters , the spirit of the method , however , is more enduring and can be characterized in a few key points : Motivation to change is elicited from the client , and is not imposed from outside forces . It is the client 's task , not the counselor 's , to articulate and resolve the client 's ambivalence . Direct persuasion is not an effective method for resolving ambivalence . The counseling style is generally quiet and elicits information from the client . The counselor is directive , in that they help the client to examine and resolve ambivalence . Readiness to change is not a trait of the client , but a fluctuating result of interpersonal interaction . The therapeutic relationship resembles a partnership or companionship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a457a3fc7b417dc55fedafa2a6f2355f",
"text": "Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous ( SLAA ) is a twelve-step program for people recovering from sex addiction and love addiction . SLAA was founded in Boston , Massachusetts in 1976 , by a member of Alcoholics Anonymous ( AA ) . Though he had been a member of AA for many years , he repeatedly acted out and was serially unfaithful to his wife . He founded SLAA as an attempt to stop his compulsive sexual and romantic behavior . SLAA is also sometimes known as the Augustine Fellowship , because early members saw many of their shared symptoms described by St. Augustine of Hippo in his work Confessions . COSLAA is another twelve-step fellowship created to support the family members and friends of sex and love addicts . SLAA encourages members to identify their own `` bottom-line behaviors . '' The organization identifies these behaviors as `` any sexual or emotional act , no matter what its initial impulse may be , which leads to loss of control over rate , frequency , or duration of its occurrence or recurrence , resulting in spiritual , mental , physical , emotional , and moral destruction of oneself and others . '' Maintaining `` sobriety '' in the SLAA program requires abstaining from one 's bottom-line behaviors . However , these behaviors are never set in stone and may change as SLAA members continue in the program . Examples of bottom line behaviors might include sexual or romantic activity outside the scope of monogamous relationships , anonymous or casual sex , compulsive avoidance of intimacy or emotional attachment , one-night stands , compulsive masturbation , obsessive fantasy , compulsive attraction to unavailable or abusive partners , and a wide variety of addictive sexual , romantic , or avoidant behaviors . Many of those practicing the SLAA recovery program develop the ability to engage in a healthy committed relationship . SLAA encourages recovery from sexual anorexia , emotional anorexia and social anorexia , three related areas of self-deprivation that lead to isolation and often accompany patterns of addictive behavior . SLAA publishes the book Sex and Love Addicts Anonymous . It is approved by the organization for use in their fellowship . Feminist theorist Christine Saulnier criticized the SLAA book as fiercely defending individualization , that is dismissing the social and political circumstances under which sexual behaviors arise and are labeled deviant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3edfa53eecd66793f6c78ed38f742c95",
"text": "National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders The National Association of Anorexia Nervosa and Associated Disorders ( ANAD ) is the oldest organization aimed at fighting eating disorders in the United States . ANAD assists people struggling with eating disorders such as Anorexia nervosa and Bulimia nervosa and also provides resources for families , schools and the eating disorder community . Headquartered in Naperville , Illinois , ANAD is a non-profit organization working in the areas of support , awareness , advocacy , referral , education , and prevention . ANAD runs a 9-5 helpline and help email . Activities have included successfully campaigning against pro-anorexia websites . ANAD distributes its quarterly newsletter , Working Together , to members , volunteers , clinicians , and provides an electronic copy on its website , www.anad.org , at no cost to the public . ANAD 's partners include Alexian Brothers Behavioral Health Hospital , Linden Oaks Hospital , McCallum Place , Rader Programs , Rogers Memorial Hospital , and Timberline Knolls Residential Treatment Center . ANAD is a philanthropy of Delta Phi Epsilon Sorority .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c71984071bda19d8abd565d687bb065f",
"text": "Adaptive behaviors Adaptive behavior refers to behavior that enables a person ( usually used in the context of children ) to get along in his or her environment with greatest success and least conflict with others . This is a term used in the areas of psychology and special education . Adaptive behavior relates to every day skills or tasks that the average person is able to complete , similar to the term life skills . For example , a child born with cerebral palsy will most likely have a form of Hemiparesis or Hemiplegia ( the weakening , or loss of use , of one side of the body ) . In order to adapt to one 's environment , the child may use these limbs as helpers , in some cases even adapt the use of their mouth and teeth as a tool used for more than just eating or conversation . This is only one example of an adaptive behavior for one 's physical environment . There are also other ways one can adapt their behavior for their emotional or communicative environment . For instance , frustration from lack of the ability to verbalize one 's own needs can lead to tantrums . In addition , it may lead to the use of signs or sign language to communicate one 's desires . One subject that is pertinent to this article is ABA therapy . `` Applied means that interventions are geared toward achieving socially-important goals , helping people be more successful in natural settings such as homes , schools , and communities . Behavioral means that ABA focuses on what people say or do , rather than interpretations or assumptions about behavior . And analytic means that assessments are used to identify relationships between behavior and aspects of the environment ( e.g. , screaming occurs most when Johnny is given a difficult task and allows him to delay or avoid that activity ) before proceeding to intervention . '' referenced from http://www.autismsupportnetwork.com/ In education , adaptive behavior is defined as that which ( 1 ) meets the needs of the community of stakeholders ( parents , teachers , peers , and later employers ) and ( 2 ) meets the needs of the learner , now and in the future . Specifically , these behaviors include such things as effective speech , self-help , using money , cooking , and reading , for example . Training in adaptive behavior is a key component of any educational program , but is critically important for children with special needs . The US Department of Education has allocated billions of dollars ( $ 12.3 billion in 2008 ) for Special Education programs aimed at improving educational and early intervention outcomes for children with disabilities . In 2001 , the United States National Research Council published a comprehensive review of interventions for children and adults diagnosed with autism . The review indicates that interventions based on applied behavior analysis have been effective with these groups . Adaptive behavior includes socially responsible and independent performance of daily activities . However , the specific activities and skills needed may differ from setting to setting . When a student is going to school , school and academic skills are adaptive . However , some of those same skills might be useless or maladaptive in a job settings , so the transition between school and job needs careful attention .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83e38f3f43171de578319a1a32fab94b",
"text": "Spoiled child A spoiled child , spoiled brat , or simply a brat is a derogatory term aimed at children who exhibit behavioral problems from being overindulged by their parents . Children and teens who are perceived as spoiled may be described as `` overindulged '' , `` grandiose '' , `` narcissistic '' or `` egocentric-regressed '' . Perception is an important term , because when the child has a neurological condition such as autism or intellectual disability , observers may judge them as `` spoiled '' without an understanding of the whole picture . There is no accepted scientific definition of what `` spoiled '' means , and professionals are often unwilling to use the label because it is considered vague and derogatory . Being spoiled is not recognized as a mental disorder in any of the medical manuals , such as the ICD-10 or the DSM-IV , or its successor , the DSM-5 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2ba61b67f8f293365fac53b86d15397",
"text": "Video feedback intervention Video feedback interventions are used in health and social care situations . Typically a `` guider '' helps a client to enhance communication within relationships . The client is guided to analyse and reflect on video clips of their own interactions . Applications include a caregiver and infant ( often used in attachment-based therapy ) , and other education and care home interactions . Video feedback interventions have also been used where concerns have been expressed over possible parental neglect in cases where the focus child is aged 2 -- 12 , and where the child is not the subject of a child protection plan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e37a8db50d065e92c33e463057259fe",
"text": "Specific social phobia Mental health professionals often distinguish between generalized social phobia and specific social phobia . People with generalized social phobia have great distress in a wide range of social situations . Those with specific social phobia may experience anxiety only in a few situations . The term `` specific social phobia '' may also refer to specific forms of non-clinical social anxiety . The most common symptoms of specific social phobia are glossophobia , the fear of public speaking and the fear of performance , known as stage fright . Other examples of specific social phobia include fears of intimacy or sexual encounters , using public restrooms ( paruresis ) , attending social gatherings , and dealing with authority figures . Specific social phobia may be classified into performance fears and interaction fears , i.e. , fears of acting in a social setting and interacting with other people , respectively . The cause of social phobia is not definite . Symptoms of social phobia can occur in late adolescence when youths highly value the impressions they give off to their peers . Clinical experience of the prognosis of social phobia shows that it can prolong for many years but that it improves by mid life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7661b91b81bc02f83174372e1ca383d",
"text": "Adherence management coaching Adherence management coaching ( AdM coaching ) is an evidence-based applied behavioral approach for significantly improving patient adherence and reducing unplanned hospital readmissions . It is based on the research and work of Bob Wright , Aubrey Daniels and BF Skinner . AdM coaches identify patients at high risk for readmission as a direct result of not following their discharge plan . Once identified , AdM Coaches work with these patients ( patient engagement ) to identify consequences ( consequence analysis ) with their plan of care that might result in non-adherence . Together , with their provider , AdM Coaches establish a patient centered adherence improvement plan ( AIP ) . The AIP is used to identify target behaviors , desired results ( clinical outcomes ) and reinforcers that support following their plan of care and developing adherent habits . Following hospital discharge , at-risk patients , and their families , are followed and coached by an AdM Coach for several months as the adherent replacement habits are developed and strengthened . Home and work environments are filled with cues of a lifetime of habits . While meeting with at-risk patients and their families , AdM coaches identify these cues and work with the family to replace them and reinforce healthier habits . All new behaviors , if not reinforced , will return to the life-style habits that contributed to hospitalization in the first place . Adherence management provides a coaching toolkit to be used in conjunction with Teachback , motivational interviewing , pill counting , biochemical measurements , pharmacy data-base of usage and Directly Observed Treatment Short course ( DOTS ) . Worldwide , half of all patients choose to not follow their plan of care . Current programs , like the teach-back method , focus on teaching all patients , just prior to their discharge , the new information they need to follow to once they go home . Motivational Interviewing takes more nurse educator time as together , with the patient , they attempt to identify and overcome areas of ambivalence concerning their disease process and plan of care . Other programs focus on alerting devices and pill-minders to aid patients in remembering to take their medications on time . At best , these `` cues '' or antecedents have had a marginal impact on improving adherence . The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services has extended provider responsibility and accountability well beyond the front doors of clinics and hospitals . CMS , in responding to a hospital question concerning levels of responsibility following discharge , responded writing , `` Post discharge care is a joint responsibility . '' Punitive programs have been established within the Affordable Care Act of 2010 as a `` quality incentive '' to create change . Hospitals with readmitted patients , above an allowable range and within 30 days of discharge , lose a 4 % `` Quality Withhold '' . A significant number of these readmissions , because of a lack of post-discharge transitional care coordination and patient engagement , will be the result of non-adherence to their discharge plan . Punishing hospitals for patient non-adherence may have some effect on hospital behavior , but little or no impact on improving patient adherence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29d06b162f1edef379ea6336e42d67ca",
"text": "Anorexia (disambiguation) Anorexia may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d38f3d50719c8c827596c25923349af5",
"text": "Healthy Lifestyles for High School Students Health and fitness are dominating western culture , and while adults are able to communicate with or hire trained professionals to assist in their journeys to overall health , many teenagers and students do not have access to the resources necessary to answer any questions they may have , or point them in the right direction when starting on their road to fitness . This Wikipedia page aims to teach all those who read it how to create and maintain a healthy lifestyle , regardless of your financial status , schedule , or location . Highlights : What is a Healthy Diet ? Establishing Goals Creating a Diet/Exercise Plan Maintaining a Healthy Diet Finding Time to Exercise Measuring Progress",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cfe19aacf7c2adc9d3e2e700011fcac",
"text": "Postpartum depression Postpartum depression ( PPD ) , also called postnatal depression , is a type of clinical depression which can affect both sexes after childbirth . Symptoms may include sadness , low energy , changes in sleeping and eating patterns , reduced desire for sex , crying episodes , anxiety , and irritability . While many women experience self-limited , mild symptoms postpartum , postpartum depression should be suspected when symptoms are severe and have lasted over two weeks . Although a number of risk factors have been identified , the causes of PPD are not well understood . Hormonal change is hypothesized to contribute as one cause of postpartum depression . The emotional effects of postpartum depression can include sleep deprivation , anxiety about parenthood and caring for an infant , identity crisis , a feeling of loss of control over life , and anxiety due to lack of support from a romantic or sexual partner . Many women recover with treatment such as a support group , counseling , or medication . Between 0.5 % to 61 % of women will experience depression after delivery . Postpartum psychosis occurs in about 1 -- 2 per thousand women following childbirth . Among men , in particular new fathers , the incidence of postpartum depression has been estimated to be between 1 % and 25.5 % . In the United States , postpartum depression is one of the leading causes of the murder of children less than one year of age which occurs in about 8 per 100,000 births .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf",
"text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6594927bb8668b67da4efbdde8242e54",
"text": "Booster Breaks Booster Breaks : Improving Employee Health One Break at a Time is a 2010 book . Booster breaks are defined as : `` organized , routine work breaks intended to improve physical and psychological health , enhance job satisfaction , and sustain or increase work productivity . '' Dr. Wendell C. Taylor is recognized as the architect of the Booster Break concept . The intent of Booster Breaks is to encourage health-enhancing breaks during the work day as a corrective to job stress and sedentary behavior . Examples of Booster Breaks are physical activity ( e.g. , a brief sequence of stretching and toning movements ) , meditation , or breath training . Even for brief sessions of 10 to 15 minutes , a routine practice of any of the preceding examples can produce physical , psychological , and/or mental benefits . One objective of Booster Breaks is to transform work place culture so that management supports and encourages Booster Breaks during the work day and that groups of co-workers regularly participate in Booster Break sessions to promote enjoyment , social support , and team building . In many work places , the usual 10 - to 15-minute work breaks in the morning and afternoon can be organized as Booster Breaks to enable a regular practice of a health-promoting behavior at the work place in work clothes during the work day . Ideally , each company would have facilitators , company employees trained to lead the activity , who guide each session .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a1aa4a28dcfae173f556b39470e3fee",
"text": "Privacy regulation theory Privacy regulation theory was developed by social psychologist Irwin Altman in 1975 . This theory aims to explain why people sometimes prefer staying alone but at other times like get involved in social interactions . Traditionally , privacy is regarded as a state of social withdrawal ( i.e. , avoiding people ) . Altman , however , regards it as a dialectic and dynamic boundary regulation process where privacy is not static but `` a selective control of access to the self or to one 's group '' ( p. 18 ) . According to Altman , `` dialectic '' refers to the openness and closeness of self to others ( i.e. , seeking and avoiding social interaction ) ; while `` dynamics '' indicates that the desired privacy level ( i.e. , the ideal level of contact at a particular time ) , which varies due to individual and cultural differences , continuously moves along the continuum of openness and closeness in response to different circumstances over time . In other words , the desired privacy level changes with time according to environment . Therefore , we might want to avoid people at a particular time but desire contact at another time . Altman also believes the goal of privacy regulation is to achieve the optimum level of privacy ( i.e. , the ideal level of social interaction ) . In this optimizing process , we all strive to match the achieved privacy ( i.e. the actual level of contact at a specific time ) with the desired one . At the optimum level of privacy , we can experience the desired solitude when we want to be alone or enjoy the desired social contact when we want to be with people . However , if our actual level of privacy is greater than the desired one , we will feel lonely or isolated ; on the other hand , if our actual level of privacy is smaller than the desired one , we will feel annoyed or crowded . According to Altman , if we effectively control the openness and closedness of self to others ( i.e. , make ourselves more or less available to others ) in response to our desire and the environment , we can function better in society than those who can not . In order to regulate our privacy ( i.e. , social interaction ) successfully , we need to use a variety of behavioral mechanisms such as verbal , paraverbal and non-verbal behavior , environmental mechanisms of territoriality and personal space , etc. . By combining these behavioral mechanisms ( i.e. , techniques ) , we can effectively express our desired privacy level to others in order to achieve the optimum level of privacy .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9b4ed7d22aff655661584c59f65494ff | Zach Galifianakis starred in Masterminds. | [
{
"docid": "703520e1e855eac34fae73102e79563b",
"text": "Masterminds (2016 film) Masterminds is a 2016 American comedy film based on the 1997 Loomis Fargo Robbery in North Carolina . Directed by Jared Hess and written by Chris Bowman , Hubbel Palmer and Emily Spivey , the film stars Zach Galifianakis , Kate McKinnon , Owen Wilson , Kristen Wiig , Jason Sudeikis and Leslie Jones . It premiered in Los Angeles on September 26 , 2016 , and was theatrically released in the United States on September 30 , 2016 , by Relativity Media . The film received mixed reviews from critics and grossed $ 29 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "053d9bb819a054d140cd87e46fe21eb0",
"text": "Zach Galifianakis Zachary Knight Galifianakis ( -LSB- ˌgælᵻfəˈnækᵻs -RSB- born October 1 , 1969 ) is an American actor , writer and comedian . He came to prominence with his Comedy Central Presents special in 2001 and presented his own show called Late World with Zach on VH1 the following year . He has also starred in films , such as The Hangover trilogy ( 2009 -- 2013 ) , Due Date ( 2010 ) , The Campaign ( 2012 ) , Birdman or ( The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance ) ( 2014 ) , Puss in Boots ( 2011 ) , Masterminds ( 2016 ) and The Lego Batman Movie ( 2017 ) . He currently hosts the Emmy Award-winning talk show Between Two Ferns with Zach Galifianakis on the Funny or Die website and executive produces , writes , and stars in the dark comedy series Baskets on FX .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f989b31194417efcb528494f8b7b56e2",
"text": "A Simple Plan (film) A Simple Plan is a 1998 American neo-noir crime thriller film adapted by Scott B. Smith from his 1993 novel of the same name . Directed by Sam Raimi , the film stars Bill Paxton , Billy Bob Thornton and Bridget Fonda . Set in rural Minnesota , the story follows Hank Mitchell ( Paxton ) and his brother Jacob ( Thornton ) , who , along with Jacob 's friend Lou ( Brent Briscoe ) , discover a crashed plane containing $ 4.4 million in cash . The three men go to great lengths to keep the money a secret but begin to doubt each other 's trust , resulting in lies , deceit and murder . Development of the film began in 1993 before the novel was published . Mike Nichols purchased the film rights , and the project was picked up by an independent film studio , Savoy Pictures . After Nichols stepped down , the film adaptation became mired in development hell ; during the troubled pre-production , Ben Stiller and John Dahl turned down opportunities to direct the film . After Savoy closed in November 1995 , the project was sold to Paramount Pictures . John Boorman was hired to direct , but scheduling conflicts led to his replacement by Raimi . Principal photography began in January 1998 and concluded in March after 55 days ; filming took place in Wisconsin and Minnesota . The score was produced and composed by Danny Elfman . A Simple Plan premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival , where it was met with critical acclaim . The film 's appearance at the festival preceded a limited release in the United States on December 11 , 1998 , followed by a general release in North America on January 22 , 1999 . It underperformed at the North American box office , grossing $ 16.3 million on a $ 17 million production budget . Reviewers praised various aspects of the film 's production , including the storytelling , performances and Raimi 's direction . A Simple Plan earned multiple awards and nominations , among them two Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor ( Thornton ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( Smith ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb1da36a33d9b532cd6ff817e8139989",
"text": "Garden State (film) Garden State is a 2004 American romantic comedy-drama film , written and directed by Zach Braff and starring Braff , Natalie Portman , Peter Sarsgaard , and Ian Holm . The film centers on Andrew Largeman ( Braff ) , a 26-year-old actor/waiter who returns to his hometown in New Jersey after his mother dies . Braff based the film on his real life experiences . It was filmed in April and May 2003 and released on July 28 , 2004 . New Jersey was the main setting and primary shooting location . Garden State received positive reviews upon its release and has garnered a cult following . It was an official selection of the Sundance Film Festival . The film also spawned a soundtrack for which Braff , who picked the music himself , won a Grammy Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85de64213596aa316c9a5d0db134a88a",
"text": "Green Card (film) Green Card is a 1990 romantic comedy film written , produced , directed by Peter Weir and starring Gérard Depardieu and Andie MacDowell . The screenplay focuses on an American woman who enters into a marriage of convenience with a Frenchman so he can obtain a green card and remain in the United States . Depardieu won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor . The film won the Golden Globe for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy , and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7599575f925d3b427764d03567b30dda",
"text": "Scott Masters Scott Masters is a gay pornographic film director and studio owner active in adult film since the mid-1960s . Masters used the pseudonym `` Robert Walters '' when he directed his early films , which include Greek Lightning . when he founded Nova Studios . He later shuttered Nova Studio and became head of production at Catalina Video . In 1992 , he co-founded gay adult film studio Studio 2000 . In 2006 , Masters sold Studio 2000 to former Falcon Entertainment consultant David McKay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a48ddc5d21e09699d0a8f495cbff4301",
"text": "Joel Schumacher Joel T. Schumacher ( born August 29 , 1939 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and producer . Schumacher rose to fame after directing hit films of his decade St. Elmo 's Fire ( 1985 ) , The Lost Boys ( 1987 ) and Flatliners ( 1990 ) . He later went on to direct John Grisham adaptations The Client ( 1994 ) and A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) . His films Falling Down ( 1993 ) and 8mm ( 1999 ) were competed for Palme d'Or and Golden Bear respectively . In 1993 , he signed on to direct the next installments of Batman film series . Schumacher-directed Batman films Batman Forever ( 1995 ) and particularly Batman & Robin ( 1997 ) received negative reactions from both public and critics . After Batman films , Schumacher pulled back from blockbusters and returned to making minimalist films such as Tigerland ( 2000 ) and Phone Booth ( 2002 ) , both earning positive reviews . He also directed The Phantom of the Opera ( 2004 ) , The Number 23 ( 2007 ) and several episodes of House of Cards . Known for casting young actors , Schumacher helped actors like Colin Farrell , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew McConaughey to launch careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f465fa466bdc4e27d262794118652fc7",
"text": "Scott Mactavish Scott Mactavish is an American filmmaker and author . Scott Mactavish recently wrote , produced and directed the films entitled MURPH : The Protector and God and Country : Untold Stories of the American Military . Prior to that , he made Summer Running : The Race to Cure Breast Cancer featuring Sissy Spacek . He has also served as executive producer on five films in as many years , including Chagas , directed by Ricardo Preve . Mactavish attended film School at New York University , and upon graduation , worked on major studio projects and independent features while writing original screenplays at night . He was a Goomba in the 1993 film Super Mario Bros. and an uncredited stunt double in The Crow . He launched his own production company in 1998 and has produced dozens of films and videos , with an emphasis on stories of honor , courage and commitment . Scott is the author of The New Dad 's Survival Guide '' , published by Little , Brown and Co. , and Co-author of `` Battle Ready : Memoir of a SEAL Warrior Medic '' , published by St. Martin 's Press . As a freelance writer , he has contributed to Indiewire , Windcheck , and Film Threat '' . Mactavish is a veteran of the United States Navy . He attended boot camp at the Recruit Training Command in San Diego , California and served with Submarine Squadron 6 , aboard the USS L.Y. Spear , and in Guantanamo Bay , Cuba .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a90aa1415307d4baa4a3f5a05cd5adf8",
"text": "G-Force (film) G-Force is a 2009 American family comedy adventure film produced by Walt Disney Pictures and Jerry Bruckheimer Films . Written by Cormac Wibberley and Marianne Wibberley and directed by Hoyt Yeatman , the film is the directorial debut of Hoyt Yeatman , whose earlier work includes contributions in the area of visual effects . It was released in the United States on July 24 , 2009 . G-Force is based on a story also by Hoyt Yeatman . The film was shown in competing 3-D technologies like Dolby 3D . This is also Jerry Bruckheimer 's first 3-D film . The movie stars Zach Galifianakis , Bill Nighy , and Will Arnett and it features the voices of Sam Rockwell , Tracy Morgan , Penélope Cruz , Nicolas Cage , Steve Buscemi , and Jon Favreau . The film received generally negative reviews , with critics praising its action , but criticizing its plot and character development and it earned $ 292.8 million on a $ 150 million budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1a6718025ad55ffc029fb444a7c55b4",
"text": "Steve Guttenberg Steven Robert `` Steve '' Guttenberg ( born August 24 , 1958 ) is an American actor , author , businessman , producer , and director . He starred in 1984 's Police Academy , and went on to perform in lead roles in Hollywood films of the 1980s , including Cocoon , Three Men and a Baby , and Short Circuit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "233440afa5f54a8565547735b96136ff",
"text": "Undermind (album) Undermind is the tenth studio album by American rock band Phish , released on June 15 , 2004 , by Elektra Records . Undermind was Phish 's last album before their breakup in fall 2004 ( the band subsequently reformed in 2009 ) . The album 's cover art appears to be a direct nod to either Let It Be , the final studio album by The Beatles , or Songs Of Faith And Devotion , the eight studio album by Depeche Mode . In a review of Undermind , Glide Magazine suggests that the album 's individual song contributions may also be intentionally `` Beatles-esque '' . While the bulk of the songs are by frontman Trey Anastasio and Phish lyricist Tom Marshall , keyboard player Page McConnell , bass guitarist Mike Gordon and drummer Jon Fishman all contributed one song each . `` Maggie 's Revenge '' is the album 's only instrumental . One month before the album 's release , Anastasio ( and separately , McConnell ) announced on Phish.com that the band would take an indefinitely long hiatus following a final summer tour . As such , a number of the songs were not performed live before the break up , though most have been played since the band 's return in 2009 . Undermind '' 's songs remain among the least played originals in Phish 's large catalog . Many reviews praised `` The Connection '' , calling it `` the most commanding '' and `` most commercially accessible '' song of Phish 's recording career to date . The song has not yet become a fixture in the band 's live rotation , however . Early copies of the album included a DVD with the 25 minute documentary Specimens of Beauty , a behind the scenes film on the making of Undermind , directed by Danny Clinch . An extended improvisational studio jam recorded at the start of the Undermind sessions was later released as the Headphones Jam at LivePhish.com . Two excerpts from the Headphones Jam were used for the Undermind album : `` Maggie 's Revenge '' and `` Tiny '' ( an internet-only bonus track ) . In February 2009 , Undermind '' was made available as a download in FLAC and MP3 formats at LivePhish.com .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3",
"text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255",
"text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9101bde09b3b59e93eae8bf241f4b7b",
"text": "Gamer (film) Gamer is a 2009 American science fiction action thriller film written and directed by Mark Neveldine and Brian Taylor . The film stars Gerard Butler as a participant in an online game in which participants can control human beings as players , and Logan Lerman as the player who controls him . Alongside Butler and Lerman , it also stars Michael C. Hall , Ludacris , Amber Valletta , Terry Crews , Alison Lohman , John Leguizamo , and Zoe Bell . Gamer was released in North America on September 4 , 2009 , receiving generally negative reviews from critics , who found the plot , direction , and script disappointing , though its performances , effects , and action sequences were praised . It received a mixed reception from audiences , and was a box office bomb , grossing $ 42 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 50 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81cedf3b3331d0de3c61df14a59c2863",
"text": "Forrest Landis Forrest Landis ( born August 9 , 1994 ) is an American actor , skateboarder , producer and writer . He is perhaps best known for his roles of Mark Baker in Cheaper by the Dozen and Rhett Loud in Flightplan . He has one sister named Lauren Landis . It is now believed that Landis has retired from acting and has taken up skateboarding .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2748f5b1c1e670d57e11a8f4f4b13963",
"text": "Michael Schultz Michael Schultz ( born November 10 , 1938 ) is an American director and producer of film and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6520a1820c84afa526d24a21c5374fe9",
"text": "Nick G. Miller Nick G. Miller ( born January 18 , 1964 in Dayton , Ohio ) , also known as Nick Miller , is an American businessperson . His main interests are within the entertainment industry , the marine industry , and business education . Miller is an award-winning screenwriter , filmmaker , movie producer , movie director , television producer , actor , music producer , film composer , public speaker , and philanthropist . He has owned various companies within the marine industry and is a consultant and keynote speaker . His acting credits include The Last Marshal , The Librarians , Chronicles of an Exorcism , and Catch of a Lifetime . He has produced feature films and television shows such as Palmetto , The Unlikely 's , Catch of a Lifetime , E! Entertainment 's Wild On the Mark Cuban series Art Mann Presents , Talent Rock , and CBS Television 's The Music Cafe Presents ( co-produced with Greg Rike and Greg Rike Studios ) . In 2005 , Miller , along with producing partner Matthew Ashford did a test shoot for a screenplay they had written together in the horror film genre entitled Chronicles of an Exorcism . The film was originally shelved by Miller and his producers , but has since been released on DVD . In October 2008 the movie was one of the most watched horror movies of all time and was listed near the top 100 ( # 116 ) on the Internet Movie Database . Miller is currently post production on the movie Windwalkers and in pre production on a screenplay co-written with published author Timothy G. Grogan . In April 2014 , as executive producer , Miller 's romantic comedy , Catch of a Lifetime , directed by Ben Klopfenstein and written by Miller , Klopfenstein , and book author Connie Neumann , won the Audience Choice for Best Feature award at the Silver Springs International Film Festival . Miller consults and works with companies on forming strategic alliance business plans via product placement , co-branding and media exposure . He has been instrumental in negotiating and placing products in feature films and television shows including War of the Worlds , I , Robot , Fun with Dick and Jane , Scream 3 , Charlie 's Angels , CSI : Miami , 24 , Nash Bridges , V.I.P. , and JAG . Nick G. Miller produces and hosts sales and motivational training workshops across the globe . He has trained thousands of sales and service staff members from companies including FTD Flowers , Harley-Davidson , Featherlite Luxury Coaches , Bombardier , Platinum Coach Works , Northeast Marine Trade Association , Rio Roses , and many others . Miller is also a music producer , and in 2009 became vice president of Living Legends Music , a property which includes a syndicated radio show , streaming iTunes radio , a DVD series , and the CBS television series The Music Cafe Presents , all featuring interviews with musicians . Miller also produced and hosted the 2009 DVD documentary Orleans : Official History & Music for the 1970s and 1980s band Orleans . He comes from a musical family dating back to 1940 when his great uncle Douglas Dalton , played mandolin and guitar for The Whippoorwills , Roy Rogers , Sons of the Pioneers , and other bands and musicians . Today , Miller performs with Nick Miller & The Gathering , a group consisting of rotating legendary musicians playing their own number one hits . Miller 's companies have produced nightclub events , swimwear modeling competitions , and VIP parties for Corona Beer , Harley-Davidson , Loews Hotels , Gibson , Universal Studios Theme Parks , Six Flags Theme Parks and others . Miller has been part of the marine industry since 1986 . As vice president , Miller played an instrumental part in resurrecting Donzi Marine in 1993 . Miller and Donzi Marine manager Steve Simon formed `` Team Donzi '' and raced a Donzi 38 ZX in the American Power Boat Association circuit . The team won two APBA/UIM World Championships five APBA National Championships . Under the same ownership group , Miller organized a marketing campaign and formed strategic alliances with non-endemic companies helping Pro-Line Boats become the # 1 selling fiberglass fishing boats in the United States . During the mid-2000s Miller consulted and worked with the offshore racing champion , Reggie Fountain and his company Fountain Powerboats . In 2012 he became a partner and shareholder of Sak Marine , a Georgia based company that manufactured Caravelle Boats , Key Largo Boats , Interceptor Performance Boats , Clearwater Fishing Boats , and Sea Hawk Boats . Nick Miller was introduced to Burt Reynolds at his home in Florida . The lunch meeting resulted in Miller being offered acting roles in two of Reynolds ' films . Soon after he would meet the man who would become his mentor ; the late award-winning filmmaker John Daly , of which just some of his movies includes Platoon , The Terminator , The Falcon and the Snowman , Salvador , Full Metal Jacket , The Bodyguard , and The Legend of Zorro .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52e9935752f4db8d70fe09381f0fdecc",
"text": "The Mighty Ducks The Mighty Ducks is a 1992 American sports comedy-drama film directed by Stephen Herek , starring Emilio Estevez . It was produced by The Kerner Entertainment Company and Avnet -- Kerner Productions and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures . It is the first film in the Mighty Ducks trilogy . In the UK , South Africa and Australia , the film was retitled Champions . Subsequently , UK home releases are now titled The Mighty Ducks Are the Champions , reflecting both titles , as well as to possibly avoid confusion with the sequel ( retitled as just The Mighty Ducks ) . The year after the film 's release , an NHL hockey club , named the `` Mighty Ducks '' in reference to the film , was founded in Anaheim , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24fde163931dad61927643e071c359b5",
"text": "Jeff Garlin Jeffrey Todd `` Jeff '' Garlin ( born June 5 , 1962 ) is an American comedian , actor , producer , voice artist , director , writer , podcast host and author . He has acted in many television shows and some movies , is an expert in magic , and is known for his role as Jeff Greene on the HBO show Curb Your Enthusiasm , for which he was nominated for seven Emmys in his role as Executive Producer and two wins for Producing from the PGAs . He currently stars in the ABC sitcom The Goldbergs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce2231f269cde3adc8afa49631189bbb",
"text": "Cooking with Master Chefs: Hosted by Julia Child Cooking with Master Chefs was a PBS television cooking show that featured Julia Child visiting 16 celebrated chefs in the United States . An episode that featured Lidia Bastianich was nominated for a 1994 Emmy Award . Other chefs she visited included Emeril Lagasse , Jacques Pépin , and Alice Waters . The show featured a companion book of the same name , published in 1993 ( ISBN 0-679-74829-6 ) . Reruns of the show currently air on WUCF-TV .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3b77f66882d2d0a064b6fe9246540ba3 | The Taj Mahal's centerpiece is a tomb. | [
{
"docid": "dc26c8ca1bca2b09c9c8926f2099baed",
"text": "Taj Mahal The Taj Mahal ( -LSB- ˌtɑːdʒ_məˈhɑːl -RSB- , more often -LSB- ˈtɑːʒ -RSB- meaning Crown of the Palace ) is an ivory-white marble mausoleum on the south bank of the Yamuna river in the Indian city of Agra . It was commissioned in 1632 by the Mughal emperor , Shah Jahan ( reigned 1628 -- 1658 ) , to house the tomb of his favourite wife , Mumtaz Mahal . The tomb is the centrepiece of a 42 acre complex , which includes a mosque and a guest house , and is set in formal gardens bounded on three sides by a crenellated wall . Construction of the mausoleum was essentially completed in 1643 but work continued on other phases of the project for another 10 years . The Taj Mahal complex is believed to have been completed in its entirety in 1653 at a cost estimated at the time to be around 32 million rupees , which in 2015 would be approximately 52.8 billion rupees ( US$ 827 million ) . The construction project employed some 20,000 artisans under the guidance of a board of architects led by the court architect to the emperor , Ustad Ahmad Lahauri . The Taj Mahal was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983 for being `` the jewel of Muslim art in India and one of the universally admired masterpieces of the world 's heritage '' . Described by Nobel laureate Rabindranath Tagore as `` the tear-drop on the cheek of time '' , it is regarded by many as the best example of Mughal architecture and a symbol of India 's rich history . The Taj Mahal attracts 7 -- 8 million visitors a year . In 2007 , it was declared a winner of the New7Wonders of the World ( 2000 -- 2007 ) initiative .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "73d68c644eb809cb2add211bed19a406",
"text": "Dome A dome ( from Latin : domus ) is an architectural element that resembles the hollow upper half of a sphere . The precise definition has been a matter of controversy . There are also a wide variety of forms and specialized terms to describe them . A dome can rest upon a rotunda or drum , and can be supported by columns or piers that transition to the dome through squinches or pendentives . A lantern may cover an oculus and may itself have another dome . Domes have a long architectural lineage that extends back into prehistory and they have been constructed from mud , snow , stone , wood , brick , concrete , metal , glass , and plastic over the centuries . The symbolism associated with domes includes mortuary , celestial , and governmental traditions that have likewise developed over time . Domes have been found from early Mesopotamia , which may explain the form 's spread . They are found in Persian , Hellenistic , Roman , and Chinese architecture in the Ancient world , as well as among a number of contemporary indigenous building traditions . They were popular in Byzantine and medieval Islamic architecture , and there are numerous examples from Western Europe in the Middle Ages . The Renaissance style spread from Italy in the Early modern period . Advancements in mathematics , materials , and production techniques since that time resulted in new dome types . The domes of the modern world can be found over religious buildings , legislative chambers , sports stadiums , and a variety of functional structures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c2f971e16b9345fadd6454d26a8b1e7",
"text": "Mosque of Ibn Tulun The Mosque of Ahmad Ibn Ţūlūn is located in Cairo , Egypt . It is arguably the oldest mosque in the city surviving in its original form , and is the largest mosque in Cairo in terms of land area . The mosque was commissioned by Ahmad ibn Ţūlūn , the Turkic Abbassid governor of Egypt from 868 -- 884 whose rule was characterized by de facto independence . The historian al-Maqrizi lists the mosque 's construction start date as 876 AD , and the mosque 's original inscription slab identifies the date of completion as 265 AH , or 879 AD . The mosque was constructed on a small hill called Gebel Yashkur , `` The Hill of Thanksgiving . '' One local legend says that it is here that Noah 's Ark came to rest after the Deluge , instead of at Mount Ararat . The grand ceremonial mosque was intended as the focal point of Ibn Ţūlūn 's capital , al-Qata ` i , which served as the center of administration for the Tulunid dynasty . The mosque originally was backed by ibn Ţūlūn 's palace , and a door adjacent to the minbar allowed him direct entry to the mosque . Al-Qata ' i was razed in the early 10th century , AD , and the mosque is the only surviving structure . The mosque was constructed in the Samarran style common with Abbasid constructions . The mosque is constructed around a courtyard , with one covered hall on each of the four sides , the largest being on the side of the qibla , or direction to Mecca . The original mosque had its ablution fountain ( sabil ) in the area between the inner and outer walls . A distinctive sabil with a high drum dome was added in the central courtyard at the end of the thirteenth century by the Sultan Lajīn . There is significant controversy over the date of construction of the minaret , which features a helical outer staircase similar to that of the famous minaret in Samarra . It is also told that using these stairs one can climb up on a horse . Legend has it that ibn Ţūlūn himself was accidentally responsible for the design of the structure : supposedly while sitting with his officials , he absentmindedly wound a piece of parchment around his finger . When someone asked him what he was doing , he responded , embarrassed , that he was designing his minaret . Many of the architectural features , however , point to a later construction , in particular the way in which the minaret does not connect well with the main mosque structure , something that would have been averted had the minaret and mosque been built at the same time . Architectural historian Doris Behrens-Abouseif asserts that Sultan Lajīn , who restored the mosque in 1296 , was responsible for the construction of the current minaret . The mosque has been restored several times . The first known restoration was in 1177 under orders of the Fatimid wazir Badr al-Jamālī , who left a second inscription slab on the mosque , which is noted for containing the Shī ' ī version of the shahada , adding the phrase `` And Ali is the wali of God '' after acknowledging the oneness of God and the prophethood of Muhammad . Sultan Lajīn 's restoration of 1296 added several improvements . The mosque was most recently restored by the Egyptian Supreme Council of Antiquities in 2004 . During the medieval period , several houses were built up against the outside walls of the mosque . Most were demolished in 1928 by the Committee for the Conservation of Arab Monuments , however , two of the oldest and best-preserved homes were left intact . The `` house of the Cretan woman '' ( Bayt al-Kritliyya ) and the Beit Amna bint Salim , were originally two separate structures , but a bridge at the third floor level was added at some point , combining them into a single structure . The house , accessible through the outer walls of the mosque , is open to the public as the Gayer-Anderson Museum , named after the British general R.G. ` John ' Gayer-Anderson , who lived there until 1942 . Parts of the James Bond film The Spy Who Loved Me were filmed at the mosque . The mosque is featured in the game Serious Sam 3 : BFE , forming a significant part of the game 's third level .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b931660f620341fabc4d70900fe4c4a6",
"text": "Rumi Darwaza The Rumi Darwaza ( Hindi : रूमी दरवाज़ा , Urdu : رومی دروازه , and sometimes known as the Turkish Gate ) , in Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India , is an imposing gateway which was built under the patronage of Nawab Asaf-Ud-dowlah in 1784 . It is an example of Awadhi architecture . Being an entrance to the city of Lucknow , Russell , the reporter of The New York Times who accompanied the victorious British army that entered Lucknow in 1858 , after India 's First War of Independence , had called the stretch of road from Rumi Darwaza to Chattar Manzil the most beautiful and spectacular cityscape that he had ever seen , better than Rome , Paris , London and Constantinople . The Rumi Darwaza , which stands sixty feet tall , was modeled ( 1784 ) after the Sublime Porte ( Bab-iHümayun ) in Istanbul . It is adjacent to the Asafi Imambara in Lucknow and has become a logo for the city of Lucknow . It used to mark the entrance to Old Lucknow City , but as the City of Nawabs grew and expanded , it was later used as an entrance to a palace which was later demolished by the British insurgents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0a3832f26b9bd331180cb36cc4e4842",
"text": "Sheikh Chilli's Tomb Sheikh Chilli 's Tomb ( -LSB- ) is complex of structures located in Thanesar , Haryana , India , near Kurukshetra . It includes two tombs , a madarsa , mughal gardens and various subsequent features .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b57a1c920bd794597039bc1847fe109",
"text": "North India North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India . The dominant geographical features of North India are the Indus-Gangetic Plain and the Himalayas , which demarcate the region from the Tibetan Plateau and Central Asia . The term North India has varying definitions - the Ministry of Home Affairs in its Northern Zonal Council Administrative division included the states of Chandigarh , Delhi , Haryana , Himachal Pradesh , Jammu and Kashmir , Punjab and Rajasthan . while the Ministry of Culture in its North Culture Zone includes the state of Uttarakhand but excludes Delhi whereas the Geological Survey of India includes Uttar Pradesh and Delhi but excludes Rajasthan and Chandigarh . Other states sometimes included are Bihar , Gujarat , Madhya Pradesh and West Bengal . North India has been the historical centre of the Mughal , Delhi Sultanate and British Indian Empires . It has a diverse culture , and includes the Hindu pilgrimage centres of Char Dham , Haridwar , Varanasi , Ayodhya , Mathura , Allahabad , Vaishno Devi and Pushkar , the Buddhist pilgrimage centres of Bodhgaya , Sarnath and Kushinagar , the Sikh Golden Temple as well as world heritage sites such as the Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve , Khajuraho temples , Hill Forts of Rajasthan , Jantar Mantar ( Jaipur ) , Bhimbetka Caves , Sanchi monuments , Qutb Minar , Red Fort , Agra Fort , Fatehpur Sikri and the Taj Mahal . The languages that have official status in one or more of the states and union territories located in North India are Hindi , Urdu , Punjabi , Kashmiri/Koshur , Dogri and English .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "006db4c608c15dcade421244f3fffc3c",
"text": "Sennefer The Ancient Egyptian noble Sennefer was `` Mayor of the City '' ( i.e. Thebes ) and `` Overseer of the Granaries and Fields , Gardens and Cattle of Amun '' during the reign of Amenhotep II of the 18th dynasty . Being a favourite of the king he accumulated great wealth . He was also allowed to place a double statue of himself and his wife in the temple at Karnak . The famous garden plan , often described is Sennefer 's Garden , is more likely to be of a garden which Sennefer managed , and perhaps designed , than to be of a garden which Sennefer owned . He was the son of Ahmose Humay , a male royal nurse , brother to Amenhotep II 's vizier Amenemopet , and married to the royal nurse Sentnay . His elder daughter Muttuy apparently married Kenamun , who succeeded Sennefer as mayor of Thebes . His brother Amenemipet called Pairy was buried close by in TT29 . He was buried in a small but well decorated tomb ( TT96 , sometimes known as the `` Tomb of the Vineyards '' due to its decoration ) , located in the Sheikh Abd el-Qurna district of the Theban Necropolis opposite Luxor in Egypt . However , some funerary items for Sennefer and his family have been found in KV42 , the tomb of Merytre-Hatshepsut , so he may have re-used this tomb for his actual burial . Some containers of Sennefer and Sentnay were also discovered in KV32 , the tomb of Queen Tiaa , wife of Amenhotep II and mother of Thutmose IV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fcc52a57c9f333808fbe2b5ac9fe433",
"text": "Umm al-Qura Mosque The Umm al-Qura ( `` Mother of All Cities '' ) mosque in Baghdad is the city 's largest place of worship for Sunni Muslims . Originally called the Umm al-Ma ` arik ( `` Mother of All Battles '' ) mosque , it was designed to commemorate Saddam Hussein 's victory in the 1991 Gulf War and was intended to serve as a personal tribute to Saddam himself . It is located in the Sunni-populated al-Adel area of western Baghdad . Costing $ 7.5 million to build , the mosque 's cornerstone was laid on Saddam 's 61st birthday on 28 April 1998 . It was formally completed on 28 April 2001 in time for the ten-year anniversary of the Gulf War . Although never confirmed by his regime or himself during his lifetime , there has been speculation that it was intended to have been Saddam 's final resting place . Many architectural features of the mosque and the surrounding complex allude to either Saddam or the war ( or both ) . It has four minarets on its perimeter , each resembling a Kalashnikov rifle barrel and standing 43 m high , marking the 43 days of the Gulf War . Around the dome are another four minarets , each in the shape of a Scud missile on its launchpad standing 37 m high . The dome is set in the middle of a lake in the shape of the Arab world , in which was set a 7.5 m wide mosaic representation of Saddam 's thumbprint with an inset magnified version of his initials , made from gold . The mosque was formerly used to display a Qur ` an written in Saddam 's blood . The 28 fountains of the lake , the four inner minarets and the 37 m height of each minaret together represent the date of Saddam 's birth - 28 April 1937 . The building is constructed from white limestone with blue mosaic decorations , and red , white and black Iraqi flags are painted on the peaks of the inner minarets . Following the fall of Saddam Hussein in the aftermath of the 2003 invasion of Iraq , the mosque was taken over by a Sunni group called the Association of Muslim Scholars . It became a recruiting site and propaganda centre for the early Iraqi insurgency . The association became a de facto Al Qaeda ally ; its leader Harith Suleiman al-Dhari , who operated out of the mosque , is said to have played a key role in mobilizing insurgents during the 2004 fighting in Fallujah , west of Baghdad . In 2007 , the association was expelled by the Sunni Endowment , a quasi-governmental agency responsible for Sunni mosques in Iraq , which took control of Umm al-Qura . On 28 August 2011 , the mosque was attacked by a suicide bomber during prayers , killing at least 28 people and injuring 30 more . An Iraqi member of parliament was among the dead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "906839801e5cd805db0076c2cc1f8d55",
"text": "Mocárabe Mocárabe , Honeycomb work , or Stalactite work ( Arabic al-halimat al - ` uliya , `` the overhang '' ) is an ornamental design used in certain types of Islamic architecture that spread throughout the Islamic world in the 12th century . The design consists of a complex array of vertical prisms resembling stalactites . The terms mocárabe and muqarnas are similar and may be used interchangeably at times , but muqarnas do not necessarily have stalactite formations . The stalactite design may be a symbolic representation of the cave where Mohammed received the Koran . Mocárabe was used on friezes , vaults , windows , arches , and columns . The Nasrid dynasty of Granada used mocárabe extensively and used it around the capitals of its columns thereby making a new order of column . Mocárabe was constructed in a variety of materials including wood and plaster . Under the Nasrid , mocárabe was originally carved into its medium . Later on , moulds were made to cast the designs with clay or plaster . The Nasrid used mocárabe in the Alhambra , most notably in the `` Sala de los Mocárabes . '' Mocárabe was originally introduced to the Iberian Peninsula by the Almoravids .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "228816894ff9508fa03fad53fd402475",
"text": "Menkauhor Kaiu Menkauhor Kaiu ( also known as Ikauhor and in Greek as Mencherês , Μεγχερῆς ) was an Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the Old Kingdom period . He was the seventh ruler of the Fifth Dynasty at the end of the 25th century BC or early in the 24th century BC . Menkauhor ruled for possibly eight or nine years , following king Nyuserre Ini , and was succeeded in turn by Djedkare Isesi . Although Menkauhor is well attested by historical sources , few artifacts from his reign have survived . Consequently , his familial relation to his predecessor and successor is unclear , and no offspring of his have been identified . Khentkaus III may have been Menkauhor 's mother , as indicated by evidence discovered in her tomb in 2015 . Beyond the construction of monuments , the only known activity dated to Menkauhor 's reign is an expedition to the copper and turquoise mines in Sinai . Menkauhor ordered the construction of a sun temple , called the `` Akhet-Ra '' , meaning `` The Horizon of Ra '' . The last ever to be built , this sun temple , known from inscriptions found in the tombs of its priests , is yet to be located . Menkauhor was buried in a small pyramid in Saqqara , which the Ancient Egyptians named Netjer-Isut Menkauhor , `` The Divine Places of Menkauhor '' . Known today as the Headless Pyramid , the ruin had been lost under shifting sands until its rediscovery in 2008 . The figure of Menkauhor was at the centre of a long lasting funerary cult until the end of the Old Kingdom period , with at least seven agricultural domains producing goods for the necessary offerings . The cult of a deified Menkauhor , then known by the titles `` Strong Lord of the Two Lands , Menkauhor the Justified '' reappeared during the New Kingdom period ( c. 1550 -- c. 1077 BC ) , and lasted until at least the Nineteenth Dynasty ( c. 1292 -- c. 1077 BC ) , some 1200 years after his death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9ab539c5d1dc32e435fc6760e12d490",
"text": "TT189 Tomb TT189 is located in the necropolis of El-Assasif in Thebes in Egypt . It contains the sepulchre of Nakhtdjehuty ( or Nakht-Thuty ) , who was an overseer of the carpenters of the northern lake of the god Amun and the head of the goldworkers in the Estate of Amun during the 19th dynasty reign of Ramesses II . Nakhtdjehuty 's tomb is part of the TT192 tomb complex .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da2d7b045f120b67a64a749c067c9871",
"text": "Mausoleum of Aga Khan The Mausoleum of Aga Khan is the mausoleum of Aga Khan III , Sir Sultan Muhammed Shah , who died in 1957 . The mausoleum is located at Aswan , along the Nile of Egypt , since Egypt was formerly the centre of power of the Fatimids . The mausoleum is built in the style of the Fatimid tombs in Cairo . It is built of pink limestone , while the tomb is built of white Carrara marble . The Aga Khan was buried there two years after he died , since he used to spend part of the winter season living in a nearby villa . A red rose is laid on the Aga Khan 's tomb everyday - a practice first started by the Aga Khan 's wife .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7806d85c2665dce41c967c1d469694bd",
"text": "Alhamra Arts Council Alhamra Arts Council ( also known as the Alhamra Hall , Alhamra Cultural Complex , Alhamra Art Gallery and Lahore Arts Council ) was designed by Nayyar Ali Dada and completed in 1992 . The Alhamra Arts Council is located on a colonial-period road in Lahore , Pakistan , that was formerly known as Mall Road and has been renamed as Shahrah Quaid-e-Azam . The origins of the arts complex lie in an initial commission of Nayyar Ali Dada to design a 1000-seat auditorium for the Alhambra Arts Council ( AAC ) , of which he was a member . The AAC had been given the site by the government in the years immediately following independence but had generally staged its performances outdoors . The auditorium was completed in 1979 and replaced some temporary buildings . A further three phases of construction followed that of the auditorium . There were commissioned from Dada by the Lahore Arts Council , a government agency that took over the project from the non-governmental AAC following a dispute concerning ownership of the land . The first of these phases was completed in 1984 and consisted of offices and art galleries housed in four octagonal structures . In the following year , a 450-seat theatre in hexagonal form was added to the existing auditorium and , in 1992 , an octagonal 250-seat facility for lectures and recitals was completed . The buildings are placed in a manner that creates semi-enclosed courtyards and the various polygonal shapes in their design are intended to enhance acoustics when used for performances . The structures are influenced by Mughal architecture and are constructed using a veneer of handmade red bricks overlaying a concrete form . The bricks are bonded with a local mortar and reflect the construction of the historic Lahore Fort and Badshahi Mosque , as well as the red sandstone that was favoured by the Mughals . The design was a winner of the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 1998 , when the jury described it as `` a rare example of flexible spaces that has enabled several additions to be made over time , each of which has in turn enhanced , rather than detracted from , its overall architectural value . This is a very popular and successful public building , projecting its complexities in a simple and powerful manner . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1dd4bc5c9cb2a4b279bceadbb6c9bef",
"text": "Tomb of Salim Chishti The Tomb of Sheikh Salim Chishti is famed as one of the finest examples of Mughal architecture in India , built during the years 1580 and 1581 , along with the imperial complex at Fatehpur Sikri near Zenana Rauza and facing south towards Buland Darwaza , within the quadrangle of the Jama Masjid which measures 350 ft. by 440 ft. It enshrines the burial place of the Sufi saint , Salim Chisti ( 1478 -- 1572 ) , a descendant of Khwaja Moinuddin Chishti of Ajmer , and who lived in a cavern on the ridge at Sikri . The mausoleum , constructed by Akbar as a mark of his respect for the Sufi saint , who foretold the birth of Akbar 's son , who was named Prince Salim after the Sufi Saint and later succeeded Akbar to the throne of the Mughal Empire , as Jahangir .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddccab8201c79f791301469853f0ed12",
"text": "Kotla Mohsin Khan Kotla Mohsin Khan was constructed in the mid-16th century in the old city of Peshawar , and today consists of two domed tombs and the famous majestic gateway , it was also the residence of Mazullah Khan , a 17th-century Pashto poet . The last Mughal governor , Nawab Nasir Khan welcomed the Afghan King , Mohammed Nadir Shah and gave him the key to Peshawar in 1741 when he visited the city . This signaled the end of the Mughal Empire in Peshawar . According to an earlier legend , the foundation of the gate was laid down in the latter half of the 16th century in the presence of renowned personalities of the time , Sheikh Kaka Sahib and Akhund Derwaza Baba . It is also recorded that Arbab Mustajab Khan , being the representative of the Mughals , settled disputes amongst the Ghori Khel tribes in the balconies of the building . When the Mughals arrested Khushal Khan Khattak , Arbab Mustajab Khan , secured his release from the dungeon , through his personal efforts and kept him as a guest in the castle . On the orders of the ruler of Peshawar , when Khushal Khan Khattak was sent to Delhi , Mustajab Khan also accompanied his friend . This verse by Khushal Khan Khattak says : I was accompanied on my journey To Hind by Mustajab , Being a Khan , a Malik and an Arbab The original name of this site was Kotla Mustajab Khan . It was renamed as Kotla Mohsin Khan due to the owner 's close relationship with Mustajab Khan during the reign of Afghan King , Ahmad Shah Durrani . During the siege of Peshawar in 1830s , the Sikhs also burnt this site and it was later refurbished . The gate and minarets of Kotla Mohsin Khan are historical landmarks of the 16th - and 17th-century `` Roshnai period '' . Bayazid Ansari alias Pir Rokhan started his religious and political movement against the Mughal emperor Akbar from this site . Allah Dad Doshani alias Rashid Khan constructed minarets at this site to conduct judicial duties . The `` Village Kotla Mohsin Khan was founded by the forefathers of Afghan Mohib Khel family , some four to five centuries ago or even before . Afghan Mohib Khel is one of the famous caste and sect of the Tapa Mohmand of Pushtoon tribe of district Peshawar . The individuals of Afghan Mohib Khel family were and are respectable people and every member of this family with little or great social status calls himself Malik . Therefore , every member of the Afghan Mohib Khel family of village Kotla Mohsin Khan was and is basically a malik . However , different Governments ( Mughals , and the British , etc. ) in the past bestowed the title of Arbab on some powerful individuals of this family and had also given them certain responsibilities/services which they had to render on behalf of the governments of the time . However , Malikee of the village has been revolved in the descendants of the two sons ; Jehangir and Allou of Malik Karam Khan of the same family ( Afghan Mohib Khel ) . In the 6th generation his great grandson Mushtaq Hussain S/O Abdul Hamid is a Malik of the Village Kotla Mohsin Khan . Moreover , it may be understood that Arbab and Malik are two titles and not two separate castes/sects . Other families residing in the village are also respectable . They have their own castes and sects . However , it is clear that they had and have come to the village in the past from the different neighbouring areas/villages of Peshawar district or other districts in the province . Arbabs and Maliks of village Kotla Mohsin Khan are both Afghan Mohib Khel by caste and sect and have common genealogy . -LSB- see Naqal Shajara-i-Maleekan Muza Kotla Mohsin Khan , Tehsil Wa Zela Peshawar Sal-i-Bandubast-1870 , Tawareekh-i-Peshawar by Gopal Dass and Revenue record of the village Kotla Mohsin Khan Peshawar -RSB- .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cb15af789da1a479be579be27a36c66",
"text": "Teen Murti Bhavan The Teen Murti Bhavan ( Teen Murti House ) is the former residence of the first Prime Minister of India , Jawaharlal Nehru in Delhi , India , who stayed here for 16 years until his death on May 27 , 1964 . It was designed by Robert Tor Russell , the British architect of Connaught Place and of the Eastern and Western Courts on Janpath during the British Raj . Teen Murti Bhavan was built in 1930 as part of the new imperial capital of India , New Delhi as the residence of the Commander-in-Chief of the British Indian Army . Today , Teen Murti houses various institutions including the Nehru Memorial Museum and Library ( NMML ) , which runs under the Indian Ministry of Culture , and has Dr. Karan Singh as the chairman of its Executive Council . The complex also houses the offices of the ` Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund ' , established in 1964 under the Chairmanship of Dr S. Radhakrishnan , then President of India . Teen Murti Bhavan also contains a number of mementos from various nations including England , Nepal , Somalia , China , etc. . Each memento represents a notable resource of each nation . The foundation also awards the ` Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fellowship ' , established in 1968 . Also contained within the complex are the ` Centre for Contemporary Studies ' and the Nehru Planetarium which opened in 1984 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7ac76ce17323da16f07f25d2b16e230",
"text": "Hajj The Hajj ( -LSB- hædʒ -RSB- -LSB- `` pilgrimage '' ) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca , the most holy city of the Muslims , and a mandatory religious duty for Muslims that must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by all adult Muslims who are physically and financially capable of undertaking the journey , and can support their family during their absence . It is one of the five pillars of Islam , alongside Shahadah , Salat , Zakat , and Sawm . The Hajj is the largest annual gathering of people in the world . The state of being physically and financially capable of performing the Hajj is called istita'ah , and a Muslim who fulfills this condition is called a mustati . The Hajj is a demonstration of the solidarity of the Muslim people , and their submission to God ( Allah ) . The word Hajj means `` to intend a journey '' , which connotes both the outward act of a journey and the inward act of intentions . The pilgrimage occurs from the 8th to 12th ( or in some cases 13th ) of Dhu al-Hijjah , the last month of the Islamic calendar . Because the Islamic calendar is lunar and the Islamic year is about eleven days shorter than the Gregorian year , the Gregorian date of Hajj changes from year to year . Ihram is the name given to the special spiritual state in which pilgrims wear two white sheets of seamless cloth and abstain from certain actions . The Hajj is associated with the life of Islamic prophet Muhammad from the 7th century , but the ritual of pilgrimage to Mecca is considered by Muslims to stretch back thousands of years to the time of Abraham . During Hajj , pilgrims join processions of hundreds of thousands of people , who simultaneously converge on Mecca for the week of the Hajj , and perform a series of rituals : each person walks counter-clockwise seven times around the Ka'aba ( the cube-shaped building and the direction of prayer for the Muslims ) , runs back and forth between the hills of Al-Safa and Al-Marwah , drinks from the Zamzam Well , goes to the plains of Mount Arafat to stand in vigil , spends a night in the plain of Muzdalifa , and performs symbolic stoning of the devil by throwing stones at three pillars . The pilgrims then shave their heads , perform a ritual of animal sacrifice , and celebrate the three-day global festival of Eid al-Adha . Pilgrims can also go to Mecca to perform the rituals at other times of the year . This is sometimes called the `` lesser pilgrimage '' , or Umrah . However , even if they choose to perform the Umrah , they are still obligated to perform the Hajj at some other point in their lifetime if they have the means to do so , because Umrah is not a substitute for Hajj .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c01a0f2a2bfee9e11d97463b82b3a744",
"text": "Mastaba A mastaba ( -LSB- 'm æstəbə -RSB- , -LSB- 'm ɑːstɑːbɑː -RSB- or -LSB- mɑː ` stɑːbɑː -RSB- ) or pr-djt ( meaning `` house for eternity '' or `` eternal house '' in Ancient Egyptian ) is a type of ancient Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed , rectangular structure with inward sloping sides , constructed out of mud-bricks ( from the Nile River ) . These edifices marked the burial sites of many eminent Egyptians during Egypt 's Early Dynastic Period and Old Kingdom . In the Old Kingdom epoch , local kings began to be buried in pyramids instead of in mastabas , although non-royal use of mastabas continued for over a thousand years . Egyptologists call these tombs mastaba , which is the Arabic word for `` stone bench '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df9ab2e641c6106f517fc902891e20a3",
"text": "Islamic art Islamic art encompasses the visual arts produced from the 7th century onward by people who lived within the territory that was inhabited by or ruled by culturally Islamic populations . It is thus a very difficult art to define because it covers many lands and various peoples over some 1,400 years ; it is not art specifically of a religion , or of a time , or of a place , or of a single medium like painting . The huge field of Islamic architecture is the subject of a separate article , leaving fields as varied as calligraphy , painting , glass , pottery , and textile arts such as carpets and embroidery . Islamic art is not at all restricted to religious art , but includes all the art of the rich and varied cultures of Islamic societies as well . It frequently includes secular elements and elements that are frowned upon , if not forbidden , by some Islamic theologians . Apart from the ever-present calligraphic inscriptions , specifically religious art is actually less prominent in Islamic art than in Western medieval art , with the exception of Islamic architecture where mosques and their complexes of surrounding buildings are the most common remains . Figurative painting may cover religious scenes , but normally in essentially secular contexts such as the walls of palaces or illuminated books of poetry . The calligraphy and decoration of manuscript Qur ` ans is an important aspect , but other religious art such as glass mosque lamps and other mosque fittings such as tiles ( e.g. Girih tiles ) , woodwork and carpets usually have the same style and motifs as contemporary secular art , although with religious inscriptions even more prominent . `` Islamic art developed from many sources : Roman , Early Christian art , and Byzantine styles were taken over in early Islamic art and architecture ; the influence of the Sassanian art of pre-Islamic Persia was of paramount significance ; Central Asian styles were brought in with various nomadic incursions ; and Chinese influences had a formative effect on Islamic painting , pottery , and textiles . '' Though the whole concept of `` Islamic art '' has been criticised by some modern art historians , calling it a `` figment of imagination '' or a `` mirage '' , the similarities between art produced at widely different times and places in the Islamic world , especially in the Islamic Golden Age , have been sufficient to keep the term in wide use by scholars . There are repeating elements in Islamic art , such as the use of geometrical floral or vegetal designs in a repetition known as the arabesque . The arabesque in Islamic art is often used to symbolize the transcendent , indivisible and infinite nature of God . Mistakes in repetitions may be intentionally introduced as a show of humility by artists who believe only God can produce perfection , although this theory is disputed . Typically , though not entirely , Islamic art has focused on the depiction of patterns , whether purely geometric or floral , and Arabic calligraphy , rather than on figures , because it is feared by many Muslims that the depiction of the human form is idolatry and thereby a sin against God , forbidden in the Qur ` an . Human portrayals can be found in all eras of Islamic art , above all in the more private form of miniatures , where their absence is rare . Human representation for the purpose of worship is considered idolatry and is duly forbidden in some interpretations of Islamic law , known as Sharia law . There are also many depictions of Muhammad , Islam 's chief prophet , in historical Islamic art . Small decorative figures of animals and humans , especially if they are hunting the animals , are found on secular pieces in many media from many periods , but portraits were slow to develop .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41fd791e473df6cbc5c6e66f179342d1",
"text": "Sidi Saiyyed Mosque The Sidi Saiyyed Mosque more popularly known as `` Sidi Saiyyid ki Jaali '' ( Sidi Saiyyed Ni Jaali ) , built in 1573 , is one of the most famous mosques of Ahmedabad . As attested by the marble tablet fixed on the wall of the mosque , it was built by Sidi Saeed or Sidi Saiyyed , an Abyssinian in the retinue of Bilal Jhajar Khan , general in the army of the last Sultan Shams-ud-Din Muzaffar Shah III of the Gujarat Sultanate . The mosque was built in the last year of the existence of Sultanate of Gujarat . The mosque is entirely arcuated and is famous for beautifully carved ten stone latticework windows ( jalis ) on the side and rear arches . The rear wall is filled with square stone pierced panels in geometrical designs . The two bays flanking the central aisle have reticulated stone slabs carved in designs of intertwined trees and foliage and a palm motif . This intricately carved lattice stone window is the Sidi Saiyyed Jali , the unofficial symbol of city of Ahmedabad and the inspiration for the design of the logo of the Indian Institute of Management Ahmedabad . The central window arch of the mosque , where one would expect to see another intricate jali , is instead walled with stone . This is possibly because the mosque was not completed according to plan before the Mughals invaded Gujarat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "176aebdd5d79d94df624b720ededcedd",
"text": "Cave of the Patriarchs The Cave of the Patriarchs , also called the Cave of Machpelah ( Hebrew : מערת המכפלה , , trans . `` cave of the double tombs '' ) and known by Muslims as the Sanctuary of Abraham or the Ibrahimi Mosque , is a series of subterranean chambers located in the heart of the old city of Hebron ( Al-Khalil ) in the Hebron Hills . According to tradition that has been associated with the Holy Books Torah , Bible and Quran , the cave and adjoining field were purchased by Abraham as a burial plot . The site of the Cave of the Patriarchs is located beneath a Saladin-era mosque , which had been converted from a large rectangular Herodian-era Judean structure . Dating back over 2,000 years , the monumental Herodian compound is believed to be the oldest continuously used intact prayer structure in the world , and is the oldest major building in the world that still fulfills its original function.The Hebrew name of the complex reflects the very old tradition of the double tombs of Abraham and Sarah , Isaac and Rebecca , Jacob and Leah , considered the Patriarchs and Matriarchs of the Jewish people , who are all believed to be buried there . The only Jewish matriarch missing is Rachel , who is believed to be buried at Rachel 's Tomb near Bethlehem . The Arabic name of the complex reflects the prominence given to Abraham , revered by Muslims as a Quranic prophet and patriarch through Ishmael . Outside biblical and Quranic sources there are a number of legends and traditions associated with the cave . In Acts 7:16 of the Christian Bible the cave of the Patriarchs is located in Shechem ( Neapolis Arabic : Nablus ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
754a33e36827a07b5d21b5d0a1de22df | Brian Wilson had tension with the other Beach Boys due to his erratic behavior. | [
{
"docid": "520c7a7d7e016349c6b8f0ba66fe6394",
"text": "Brian Wilson Brian Douglas Wilson ( born June 20 , 1942 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter , and record producer best known for being the multi-tasking leader and co-founder of the rock band the Beach Boys . After signing with Capitol Records in 1962 , Wilson wrote or co-wrote more than two dozen Top 40 hits for the group . Because of his unorthodox approaches to song composition and arrangement and mastery of recording techniques , he is widely acknowledged , by critics and musicians alike , as one of the most innovative and influential creative forces in popular music . In the mid-1960s , Wilson composed , arranged and produced Pet Sounds ( 1966 ) , considered one of the greatest albums ever made . The intended follow-up to Pet Sounds , Smile , was canceled for various reasons , which included Wilson 's deteriorating mental health . As he suffered repeated nervous breakdowns , Wilson 's contributions to the Beach Boys diminished , and his erratic behavior led to tensions with the band . Following a court-ordered removal from the care of psychologist Eugene Landy , Wilson started receiving conventional medical treatment , and in the late 1990s , he began performing and recording consistently as a solo artist . He remains a member of the Beach Boys ' corporation , Brother Records Incorporated . Wilson is considered a major innovator in the field of music production , the principal originator of the California Sound , one of the first music producer auteurs , and one of the most famous examples of the outsider musician . Only 21 years old when he received the freedom to produce his own records with total creative autonomy , he ignited an explosion of like-minded California producers , supplanting New York as the center of popular records , and becoming the first rock producer to use the studio as its own instrument . Wilson effectively set a precedent that allowed bands and artists to enter a recording studio and act as their own producers or co-producers . His songs became inextricably tied with the zeitgeist of the early 1960s , and he helped develop the sound of the wistful Flower Power era that proceeded . In later years , Wilson was regarded as a `` godfather '' to an era of indie musicians who were inspired by his melodic sensibilities , chamber pop orchestrations , and recording explorations . His honors include being inducted into the 1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and winning Grammy Awards for Brian Wilson Presents Smile ( 2004 ) and The Smile Sessions ( 2011 ) . In lists published by Rolling Stone , Wilson ranked 52 for the `` 100 Greatest Singers of All Time '' in 2008 and 12 for the `` 100 Greatest Songwriters of All Time '' in 2015 . In 2012 , music publication NME ranked Wilson number 8 in its `` 50 Greatest Producers Ever '' list , elaborating `` few consider quite how groundbreaking Brian Wilson 's studio techniques were in the mid-60s '' . He is an occasional actor and voice actor , having appeared in television shows , films , and other artists ' music videos . His life was portrayed in the 2014 biopic Love & Mercy , which received a wide release in 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "aa4e9c774ac634b1f5ad2865be310446",
"text": "Fall Breaks and Back to Winter (W. Woodpecker Symphony) `` Fall Breaks and Back to Winter ( W. Woodpecker Symphony ) '' is an instrumental composed by Brian Wilson for American rock band the Beach Boys . Released in 1967 as the second track on the group 's album Smiley Smile , the composition derives from `` Fire '' -- a piece recorded by Wilson several months earlier , but left unreleased due to his paranoia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8918e4ec333858c4196f43be0cb7eee0",
"text": "Feel Flows `` Feel Flows '' is a song written by Carl Wilson and Jack Rieley for American rock band the Beach Boys . It was released on their 1971 album Surf 's Up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c6e27b3ed590d0c435c7e453b40bda1",
"text": "Wipe Out (instrumental) `` Wipe Out '' is an instrumental composed by Bob Berryhill , Pat Connolly , Jim Fuller , and Ron Wilson . It is a twelve bar blues first performed and recorded by the Surfaris , who were elevated to international status with the release of the `` Surfer Joe '' and `` Wipe Out '' single in 1963 . The single was first issued on the tiny DFS label ( # 11/12 ) in January 1963 . It was reissued on the tiny Princess label ( # 50 ) in February 1963 , and finally picked up for national distribution on Dot 45-16479 in April 1963 . Dot reissued the single in April 1965 as 45-144 . The song -- both the Surfaris ' version as well as cover versions -- has been featured in over 20 films and television series since 1964 , appearing at least once a decade . The term `` wipe out '' refers to a fall from a surfboard , especially one that looks painful .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d",
"text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f70c1d5a3279e3bdcbcf1906bcc46c0",
"text": "Good Vibrations: Thirty Years of The Beach Boys Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys is a 1993 boxed set released by Capitol Records which collects tracks spanning The Beach Boys ' entire career to that point on four CDs . A fifth disc contains mostly studio session tracks , complete vocal and instrumental tracks , and rare live performances . The set also includes a car window decal . Though it never charted , Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys went gold in the US just over four months after its release . The first four discs anthologize the band with mostly mono single versions , but also several demos and unreleased songs ; the tracks are organized essentially in chronological order . Included is 30 minutes of music from the 1966/1967 Smile sessions , which had never been officially released , though had been heavily bootlegged for years . In addition , there is a hidden recording at the end of Disc 1 of a young Brian Wilson singing `` Happy Birthday Four Freshmen '' to his favorite vocal group into his multi-track tape recorder in 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66cb6dca2e6848ff5bf891358677059d",
"text": "Holland (album) Holland is the 19th studio album by the American rock group the Beach Boys , released on January 8 , 1973 . Self-produced by the band , the album peaked at number 36 in the US and number 20 in the UK . The album is the last to feature Blondie Chaplin and Ricky Fataar , who joined the band the previous year to record Carl and the Passions - So Tough ( 1972 ) . Holland was mostly recorded in Baambrugge , Netherlands over the summer of 1972 using a reconstructed studio sent from California , and with two Brian Wilson tracks rush-recorded in Los Angeles and added to the album at the last minute . The photograph on the album 's front cover is an upside down image of the Kromme Waal , a canal that runs through the center of Amsterdam . Holland included a bonus EP , Mount Vernon and Fairway ( A Fairy Tale ) , a musical fairy tale written by Brian Wilson about a magical transistor radio who appears to a young prince . Narration was provided by the group 's manager : Jack Rieley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6775aadc77a19c3e43f77b20500eb32",
"text": "Carl Wilson Carl Dean Wilson ( December 21 , 1946 -- February 6 , 1998 ) was an American musician , singer , songwriter , and record producer who co-founded the Beach Boys . He is best remembered as their lead guitarist and as the youngest brother of bandmates Brian and Dennis Wilson . Influenced by the guitar playing of Chuck Berry and the Ventures , Carl 's initial role in the group was that of lead guitarist and backing vocals , but he performed lead vocals on several of their hits , including `` God Only Knows '' ( 1966 ) and `` Good Vibrations '' ( 1966 ) . Unlike other members of the band , he often played alongside the studio musicians employed during the group 's critical and commercial peak in the mid 1960s . After Brian began withdrawing from the group , Carl was forced to take a more active production role , and he became the band 's musical director on stage from 1965 until his death from lung cancer in 1998 . During the 1980s , he attempted to launch a solo career , releasing the albums Carl Wilson ( 1981 ) and Young Blood ( 1983 ) . Shortly before his death , he recorded material with Gerry Beckley and Robert Lamm , later released for the posthumous album Like a Brother ( 2000 ) . In 1988 , Carl was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of the Beach Boys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad42cb19608142f0c08dd435569427e0",
"text": "Sandin Wilson Sandin Wilson ( born October 6 , 1959 in Medford , Oregon ) is a veteran bassist and vocalist from the Pacific Northwest . As a youth , Sandin played football , baseball , and was involved in music early on , convinced by his Mom , `` it will be good for you '' . Orchestra was Sandin 's first calling on the acoustic bass violin , with a trip to NYC with `` America 's Youth in Concert '' in 1976 , at age 16 , to play Carnegie Hall , and 9 European Countries . Sandin picked up the electric and fretless bass as a 9th grader , and took his musical journey a bit further . A year attending Mt. Hood Community College was next after graduating from Medford Sr. . High in 1978 . Sandin went on to perform with the groups , Freeway , Calvin Walker band , The 3 Humans , Caryl Mack band , Quarterflash , Nu Shooz , Soul vaccination , Linda Hornbuckle , and METRO . In 2003 , Sandin released his first solo CD , Into My World ( Microfish Music ) , with bassist Jimmy Haslip , of the `` Yellowjackets '' fame , getting Executive producer credits and Haslip contributing 2 tracks from his songwriting portfolio . Sandin 's second solo project was recorded live to 2-track on October 2006 at Jimmy Maks Jazz club in Portland , Oregon . Entitled , `` Sandin Wilson Group '' , a `` Night on the Town '' ( 2007 , Microfish Music ) , it is a very live recording featuring stellar bass and vocal performances from Sandin and his 6 piece group . Aside from his solo projects , the `` Sandin Wilson Group '' and Sandin Wilson Trio , he also tours with vocalist/songwriter Gino Vannelli . Sandin has recorded two DVDs with Gino Vannelli 's band , one on the Orange lounge.com site and also a Live DVD while performing at the Java Jazz festival in Jakarta , Indonesia . Sandin has recorded on over 120 CDs to date and has recorded ( on the album Girl In the Wind ) and toured with the band Quarterflash , Nu Shooz and opened shows for people such as Kenny Loggins , Chaka Khan , Tower of Power , The Nevell Brothers and Level 42 . Sandin 's most recent gigs with Gino Vannelli have been in Jakarta , at the `` Java Jazz Festival '' , in Indonesia , `` Cape Town South Africa Jazz Festival '' , and the Suncoast Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "880eb377554c85df414a0e18725fcdfd",
"text": "The Endless Summer The Endless Summer is a seminal 1966 surf movie ( the initial release was in 1964 , world-wide release was 1966 ) . Filmmaker/narrator Bruce Brown follows two surfers , Mike Hynson and Robert August , on a surfing trip around the world . Despite the balmy climate of their native California , cold ocean currents make local beaches inhospitable during the winter . They travel to the coasts of Australia , New Zealand , Tahiti , Hawaii , Senegal , Ghana , Nigeria and South Africa in a quest for new surf spots and introduce locals to the sport . Other important surfers of the time , such as Miki Dora , Phil Edwards and Butch Van Artsdalen also appear . Its title comes from the idea , expressed at both the beginning and end of the film , that if one had enough time and money it would be possible to follow the summer up and down the world ( northern to southern hemisphere and back ) , making it endless . The concept of the film was born through the suggestion of a travel agent to Bruce Brown during the planning stages of the film . The travel agent suggested that the flight from Los Angeles to Cape Town , South Africa and back would cost $ 50 more than a trip circumnavigating the world . After which , Bruce came up with the idea of following the summer season by traveling up and down the world . The narrative presentation eases from the stiff and formal documentary of the 1950s and early 1960s to a more casual and fun-loving personal style filled with sly humor . The surf rock soundtrack to the film was provided by The Sandals . The `` Theme to the Endless Summer '' was written by Gaston Georis and John Blakeley of the Sandals . It has become one of the best known film themes in the surf movie genre . When the movie was first shown , it encouraged many surfers to go abroad , giving birth to the `` surf-and-travel '' culture , with prizes for finding `` uncrowded surf '' , meeting new people and riding the perfect wave . It also introduced the sport , which had become popular outside of Hawaii and the Polynesian Islands in places like California and Australia , to a broader audience . In addition , it set the style for later surf-and-travel movies , including Momentum , ( These Are ) Better Days , and Thicker Than Water .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7736ce790dc6415469b5d6e4ec4e3e75",
"text": "Jeffrey Foskett Jeffrey `` Jeff '' Foskett is an American singer , record producer , arranger and guitarist best known for his work with Brian Wilson and The Beach Boys . Foskett is described as The Beach Boys ' `` vice principal '' by its core members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "434fffbb82edabc229b1a2b5f0b56ffc",
"text": "Bellevue murders The Bellevue murders , or the Bellevue massacre , occurred on the night of January 3 and early morning of January 4 , 1997 , when Alex Baranyi and David Anderson , both 17 , lured Kim Wilson , 20 , to a Bellevue , Washington park and murdered her . Afterwards , they entered her family home and murdered Bill Wilson , his wife Rose Wilson , and their other daughter , Julia Wilson . Both Baranyi and Anderson were convicted and sentenced to serve four consecutive life sentences without the possibility of parole . Although the motives behind the murders were unclear , the boys exhibited psychological disturbance when they were brought in for questioning . When Baranyi was questioned about his motives , he calmly replied that he wanted to kill someone because he was `` in a rut '' . Testimonies by Baranyi and Anderson led investigators to suggest that they killed the Wilson family for the sheer experience of killing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8683021172c0bd2bc0bbbc5b6be5c647",
"text": "Farewell My Friend `` Farewell My Friend '' is a song written by Dennis Wilson . It was released as the tenth track for his 1977 solo album Pacific Ocean Blue . The song was released as a single in Europe as the B-side of the `` River Song '' single . The single however , failed to chart . The track , as with the rest of the album , was credited as having been produced by Dennis Wilson and his close friend Gregg Jakobson . Dennis Wilson sings the lead vocals on this and every other track on the album . The song also features vocals from his brother , Carl Wilson . The song was written as a tribute to Otto Hinsche , the father of Billy Hinsche and the father-in-law of Dennis Wilson 's brother Carl , who was married to Annie Hinsche . Dennis wrote this tribute to Otto Hinsche , as he had died in Dennis 's arms . Dennis described the song as `` sort of a happy farewell '' . The song was played at Wilson 's funeral in January 1984 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5887bf4536e3e9d113ecafcf355f517",
"text": "Elvis Presley's guitars Elvis Presley 's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s . It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance , on television , or in films . Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist , Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s , including Buddy Holly , John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , Bob Dylan , and Bruce Springsteen . The extent of Presley 's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon 's famous quote : `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' According to his first lead guitarist , Scotty Moore , Presley was not `` an accomplished musician '' , yet he possessed `` an uncanny and amazing sense of timing and rhythm . '' In the early years of his career , Presley 's rhythm guitar accompaniment played a major role in the sound of his early performances and recordings . Moore noted that as Presley began to learn to move on stage and to work the audience with his physical performance , his guitar became more of a `` prop '' . Presley was not known to treat his instruments in a gentle manner . His very aggressive strumming style would frequently break strings during his performances . The lack of a microphone on his guitar throughout those years contributed to the development of his `` aggressive style in attempt to be heard '' . As his career progressed , he became even more aggressive toward his instruments , frequently tossing his guitar to Charlie Hodge , who sometimes failed to catch it . The impact of the large belt buckles and jewelry he wore left their marks on most of his instruments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ace00f5889838617c6e3c718dc9c445d",
"text": "Ricky Wilson (American musician) Ricky Helton Wilson ( March 19 , 1953 -- October 12 , 1985 ) was an American musician best known as the original guitarist and founding member of rock band the B-52 's . Born in Athens , Georgia , Wilson was the brother of fellow member Cindy Wilson . The B-52 's was founded in 1977 , when Ricky , his sister Cindy , Kate Pierson , Keith Strickland and Fred Schneider shared a tropical Flaming Volcano drink at a Chinese restaurant and , after an impromptu music session at the home of their friend Owen Scott III , played for the first time at a Valentine 's Day party for friends . On October 12 , 1985 , at the age of 32 , Wilson died from complications related to AIDS following the recording of the band 's fourth studio album Bouncing off the Satellites . According to Keith Strickland , the album had been completed and mixed before Ricky 's death , with only the cover art not yet designed ( an illustration by Kenny Scharf was ultimately decided upon ) . Devastated , the band went into seclusion and did not tour to promote the album , although did several photo shoots and TV appearances , as well as filming a video for `` Girl From Ipanema Goes To Greenland '' . In addition to his work with The B-52 's , Wilson played the guitar on the song `` Breakin ' In My Heart '' on Tom Verlaine 's self-titled debut album in 1979 . This was his only non-B-52 's appearance on record . He also appeared in various films , namely One Trick Pony . Posthumously he also appeared in Athens , GA : Inside/Out , The B-52 's 1979-1989 , and The B-52 's Time Capsule : Videos for a Future Generation 1979-1998 through archival footage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf0f6d2b5038221669da16b9e3449669",
"text": "River Song (Dennis Wilson song) `` River Song '' is a song written by Dennis Wilson and his younger brother Carl Wilson . It served as the opening track for Dennis Wilson 's 1977 debut solo album Pacific Ocean Blue . The song was released as a single in Europe with the B-side being `` Farewell My Friend '' . The single however , failed to chart . The track , as with the rest of the album , was credited as being produced by Dennis and his close friend Gregg Jakobson . Dennis Wilson sings the lead vocals on this and every other track on the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10d207ba950e0b9764f6aede50586c96",
"text": "Winslow Wilson Arthur William Wilson ( July 20 , 1892 -- November 18 , 1974 ) was an American artist who painted under several known pseudonyms , including Winslow Wilson and Pico Miran . In Gloucester , Wilson/Miran has been considered an early actor in the Post Modern Art Movement . He is widely quoted from his Manifesto For Post-Modern Art , published in 1951 , under the name Pico Miran . Wilson was born in Brady , Texas in 1892 , one of five sons of Horace and Stella Wilson . The family moved to Junction , Texas , and it was here that he graduated high school . He attended Texas A&M in 1910-1911 as a Chemical Engineering Major , but transferred to Harvard with the support of professors at Texas A&M . Wilson attended Harvard College between 1911-1915 , becoming an Editor of The Harvard Monthly with his friends John Dos Passos and E. E. Cummings . Wilson would go on to share an apartment at 21 East 15th Street in New York City with E.E. Cummings . He enlisted in the U.S. Military during 1917-1919 , joining John Dos Passos and E.E. Cummings and other Harvard students in France . He spent time in Paris with E.E. Cummings , and mingled with Salvador Dali , Pablo Picasso and other influential painters of the period in London and Paris in the 1920s . In fact , Wilson maintained lifelong friendships with many of the Harvard Aesthetes , including Cummings and Dos Passos . During his days at Harvard , Wilson was playfully known as `` Tex '' , a nickname that stayed with him for life . Wilson was active in the New York , NY , Lime Rock , CT , Newport , RI , Gloucester , MA , and Rockport , MA art scenes between the 1930 's -- 1972 . Wilson painted post-modern artwork utilizing the name Pico Miran in his Gloucester , Massachusetts studio , taught portraiture at the Rockport Art Association in Rockport , Massachusetts under the name Winslow Wilson , and painted seascapes as Winslow Wilson in his Rockport , Massachusetts studio . Wilson was strongly influenced by his time at Harvard and World War I . In addition to a tragic event in Boston which resulted in the death of one of Wilson 's friends in 1912 , there is evidence that Wilson encountered trauma during World War I. Art became a vehicle through which Wilson found solace . His Post-Modern artwork is replete with images of industrial and nuclear effects upon the common man , and those who knew him confirm that he was consumed with the concept of a nuclear holocaust . Growing up in rural Texas , to a life in Boston and New York , friendships with intellectuals , Wilson 's writings reveal a man who held his craft and opinions in high regard . Understanding that Wilson eschewed family relationships while fully immersing himself as a bit of an artistic recluse , provides an insight into the life of this artist . Wilson painted seascapes in his Rockport , Massachusetts studio . His seascapes were exhibited at Vose Gallery in Boston . In a letter dated January 24 , 1991 , Robert C. Vose , Jr. , of Vose Gallery , confirmed that the gallery `` did give -LCB- Wilson -RCB- an exhibition in our galleries in Boston '' and stated `` We thought of -LCB- the paintings -RCB- of excellent quality , and much in the spirit of Frederick Waugh '' . Eleanor Roosevelt chaired a one-man art show held in New York City entitled `` Paintings of the Sea '' . On June 4 , 1951 , the First Lady , Eleanor Roosevelt `` blogged '' in her My Day report , that she had visited this exhibit , and she reported : `` In certain ones the light made one think of tropical climates ; in others the shores of Maine seemed to stand out . More often the sky and the sea were stormy , but the light was nearly always breaking through . Let us hope that out of this turbulent period in history the light will break through for all human beings '' . Under the pseudonym of Pico Miran painted in his Gloucester studio . Upon occasion , he would have a visitor , however the room in which he painted was never open . His post-modern art , or as he referred to it as `` super-realistic '' , is replete with political and religious tones , and is highly reflective of the nuclear and mechanical themes of the period . Wilson was a member of the Rockport Art Association from 1946 through 1972 , and for many of those years he taught portraiture . His portraits have included local Gloucester residents and friends . Following Wilson 's death in 1974 , his long-term companion , Jane Grey ( an accomplished portrait artist ) , gifted his paintings to his only son , Horace Peter Wilson . Those paintings remained stored in Kansas City until 2012 , at which time the paintings were distributed to Wilson 's grandchildren . In 2014 , Dave Rich , a Gloucester native , stated in a correspondence with Peter Anastas : `` ... would take an interest in the precocious postmodernism of Pico Miran . His value lies in his theorizing postmodernity , and making the first forays into postmodern visual art -- the seascapes were a virtuoso performance ; Winslow was no less a character than Pico or Tex. . In that sense he was a performance artist . A kind of Andy Kaufman who took personae and masks to the extreme . On this conceptual level , if explained as such , Wilson ought to be recovered ; and could be recovered by an astute and enterprising curator . '' The paintings are in the process of being professionally restored and framed , and efforts are underway to showcase Wilson 's paintings . A website exists with the roots of a biography about the artist , currently being documented and researched by Claudia Wilson Howard in conjunction with interested parties across the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faf7bec32fa29fca03d151eb7477051f",
"text": "When I Grow Up (To Be a Man) `` When I Grow Up ( To Be a Man ) '' is a song written and composed by Brian Wilson with additional lyrics by Mike Love for the American rock band The Beach Boys . It was released on their 1965 album The Beach Boys Today ! and as a single the previous year hit number nine on the Billboard Hot 100 chart , number seven in Cash Box , number five in Variety and number three in the Associated Press/Gilbert Youth chart . It spent two weeks at number one in Canada 's national RPM chart . The B-side of the single was `` She Knows Me Too Well '' and stopped one place under the Hot 100 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61315f3ceed1e184a690a143b1a9034e",
"text": "All I Want to Do (The Beach Boys song) `` All I Want to Do '' is a song written by Dennis Wilson . It was recorded by American rock band The Beach Boys for their 1969 album 20/20 . It was later released as the b-side to `` I Can Hear Music '' , a single which charted at # 24 in the U.S. and at # 10 in the U.K. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8af0645d88b2e6aa515a38304c99d6ff",
"text": "Brian Walton (musician) Brian George Walton Jr. ( born October 8 , 1964 in Duarte , California ) is an American Country , Southern rock , and Classic rock multi-instrumentalist , songwriter , producer and singer . In 1991 , he made his debut releasing the album `` Made in the Shade '' which included the billboard Country Chart Top 5 hits `` Made in the Shade '' and `` Travelin ' Band '' . Since then he has released three more albums , including the highly successful `` Made in the Shade Live ! '' album recorded during live performances in 2001 . Brian studied music at Juilliard and has been a long time member of the Songwriters Guild of America , American Music Association and ASCAP . In the last 30 years he has written and/or produced over 400 jingles for radio and television , 5 Billboard hits and produced 4 Top 100 albums . He currently lives in Challis , Idaho with his wife Inge . Brian has three sons Christopher ( 28 ) and Patrick ( 24 ) from his current wife Inge and Stephan ( 29 ) from a previous marriage . Brian considers himself `` genre agnostic '' preferring a wide range of musical styles although country and country rock is where he has had the most success .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0f75449541190336547f9a857377f5c0 | Adventure Time is a series on Cartoon Network. | [
{
"docid": "74c4a644c92debf2bd2d612f3e68a71c",
"text": "Adventure Time Adventure Time is an American animated television series created by Pendleton Ward for Cartoon Network . It follows the adventures of a boy named Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( John DiMaggio ) a dog with the magical power to change shape and size at will . Finn and Jake live in the post-apocalyptic Land of Ooo , where they interact with Princess Bubblegum ( Hynden Walch ) , the Ice King ( Tom Kenny ) , Marceline the Vampire Queen ( Olivia Olson ) , BMO ( Niki Yang ) , and others . The series is based on a 2007 short produced for Nicktoons and Frederator Studios ' animation incubator series Random ! Cartoons . After the short became a viral hit on the Internet , Cartoon Network commissioned a full-length series , which previewed on March 11 , 2010 , and officially premiered on April 5 , 2010 . The series draws inspiration from a variety of sources , including the fantasy role-playing game Dungeons & Dragons and video games . It is produced using hand-drawn animation ; action and dialogue for episodes are decided by storyboarding artists . Because each episode takes roughly eight to nine months to complete , multiple episodes are worked on concurrently . The cast members record their lines in group recordings , and the series regularly employs guest actors for minor and recurring characters . Each episode runs for about eleven minutes ; pairs of episodes are often telecast to fill half-hour program slots . Eight seasons of the program have aired , and a ninth and final season premiered on April 21 , 2017 . , a feature-length film is in development . Since its debut , Adventure Time has been a ratings success for Cartoon Network , with the highest-rated episodes having attracted over 3 million viewers . The show has received positive reviews from critics anddespite being aimed primarily at childrenhas developed a following among teenagers and adults . Adventure Time has won awards including : six Primetime Emmy Awards , a Peabody Award , three Annie Awards , two British Academy Children 's Awards , a Motion Picture Sound Editors Award , a Pixel Award , and a Kerrang ! Award . The series has also been nominated for three Critics ' Choice Television Awards , two Annecy Festival Awards , a TCA Award , and a Sundance Film Festival Award , among others . Of the many comic book spin-offs based on the series , one received an Eisner Award and two Harvey Awards . The series has also inspired various clothing items and related merchandise , video games , and DVD compilations .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6",
"text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674",
"text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c22e9dca5143c4c6d7a10504a044a888",
"text": "The Adventure Zone The Adventure Zone is a fortnightly comedy and adventure podcast based upon the popular Dungeons & Dragons game series . The show is distributed by the Maximum Fun network and hosted by brothers Justin , Travis , and Griffin McElroy , and father Clint McElroy . Regular episodes of the podcast feature the family solving puzzles , fighting enemies , and leveling up their characters in a series of cinematic and humorous encounters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3952392bc5544fae35ffe8cf10ebebd",
"text": "Sesame Street Sesame Street is a long-running American children 's television series , produced by Sesame Workshop ( formerly known as the Children 's Television Workshop ) and created by Joan Ganz Cooney and Lloyd Morrisett . The program is known for its educational content , and images communicated through the use of Jim Henson 's Muppets , animation , short films , humor , and cultural references . The series premiered on November 10 , 1969 , to positive reviews , some controversy , and high viewership ; it has aired on the U.S. 's national public television provider ( PBS ) since its debut , with its first run moving to premium channel HBO on January 16 , 2016 . The show has undergone significant changes throughout its history . The format of Sesame Street consists of a combination of commercial television production elements and techniques which have evolved to reflect the changes in American culture and the audience 's viewing habits . With the creation of Sesame Street , producers and writers of a children 's television show used , for the first time , educational goals and a curriculum to shape its content . It was also the first time a show 's educational effects were studied . Shortly after creating Sesame Street , its producers developed what came to be called the `` CTW model '' ( after the production company 's previous name ) , a system of television show planning , production , and evaluation based on collaborations between producers , writers , educators , and researchers . The show was initially funded by government and private foundations but has become somewhat self-supporting due to revenues from licensing arrangements , international sales , and other media . By 2006 , there were independently produced versions , or `` co-productions '' , of Sesame Street broadcast in twenty countries . In 2001 there were over 120 million viewers of various international versions of Sesame Street , and by the show 's 40th anniversary in 2009 , it was broadcast in more than 140 countries . By its 40th anniversary in 2009 , Sesame Street was the fifteenth-highest-rated children 's television show in the United States . A 1996 survey found that 95 % of all American preschoolers had watched the show by the time they were three years old . In 2008 , it was estimated that 77 million Americans had watched the series as children . As of 2014 , Sesame Street has won 167 Emmy Awards and 8 Grammy Awards -- more than any other children 's show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c11c22f5bdf0f8b95ab3139f371a0a59",
"text": "The Music of Ooo The Music of Ooo is the name of a vinyl release by label Spacelab9 . This record collects 38 songs culled from the first seven seasons of the Cartoon Network series Adventure Time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87b2a1f3ba2ed7cebc4eedd8230874b8",
"text": "List of Aladdin episodes Aladdin is an animated television series made by Walt Disney Television Animation which aired from 1994 to 1995 , based on the original 1992 feature film of the same name . Coming on the heels of the direct-to-video sequel The Return of Jafar , the series picked up where that installment left off , with Aladdin still living on the streets of Agrabah but now engaged to the beautiful and fearless Princess Jasmine . `` Al '' and Jasmine went together into peril among sorcerers , monsters , thieves , and more . Monkey sidekick Abu , the animated Magic Carpet , and the fast-talking , shape-shifting Genie came along to help , as did sassy , complaining , temperamental but angry parrot Iago , formerly Jafar 's pet but now an anti-hero . Many of the films ' stars provided the voices of their TV counterparts , with the notable exception of Dan Castellaneta filling in for Robin Williams in the Genie role . Nine episodes were first aired on The Disney Channel in early 1994 as a preview for the series -- these episodes have their Disney Channel airdates noted separately . In the fall , the series simultaneously premiered on both The Disney Afternoon syndicated block and on CBS Saturday mornings . Eighty-six episodes were made .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db279f4408baae936c50c5069120dc86",
"text": "Jep! Jep ! is an American children 's television game show , adapted from the quiz show Jeopardy! It aired first on Game Show Network ( now known by its abbreviated name , `` GSN '' ) throughout the 1998 -- 99 season , and then on Discovery Kids through late 2004 . It was hosted by cartoon voice actor Bob Bergen , and created by Scott Sternberg who had earlier created Wheel 2000 , a children 's version of Wheel of Fortune . The show 's production involved many of the daily syndicated Jeopardy! then-current personnel , including director Kevin McCarthy and four of the nine writers that the show employed at the time , and Alex Trebek , the main Jeopardy! series ' host , served as Jep ! creative consultant . Unlike the main Jeopardy! series , Jep ! was taped at Stage 11 of the Sony Pictures Studios , rather than Stage 10 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac",
"text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e5205aab3c0ab7824b64939249c8304",
"text": "William Hanna William Denby `` Bill '' Hanna ( July 14 , 1910 -- March 22 , 2001 ) was an American animator , director , producer , voice actor , and cartoon artist , whose film and television cartoon characters entertained millions of people for much of the 20th century . After working odd jobs in the first months of the Depression , Hanna joined the Harman and Ising animation studio in 1930 . During the 1930s , Hanna steadily gained skill and prominence while working on cartoons such as Captain and the Kids . In 1937 , while working at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) , Hanna met Joseph Barbera . The two men began a collaboration that was at first best known for producing Tom and Jerry and live action/animated hybrid films . In 1957 , they co-founded Hanna-Barbera , which became the most successful television animation studio in the business , producing programs such as The Flintstones , The Huckleberry Hound Show , The Jetsons , Scooby-Doo , The Smurfs , and Yogi Bear . In 1967 , Hanna-Barbera was sold to Taft Broadcasting for $ 12 million , but Hanna and Barbera remained heads of the company until 1991 . At that time , the studio was sold to Turner Broadcasting System , which in turn was merged with Time Warner in 1996 ; Hanna and Barbera stayed on as advisors . Hanna and Barbera won seven Academy Awards and eight Emmy Awards . Their cartoons have become cultural icons , and their cartoon characters have appeared in other media such as films , books , and toys . Hanna-Barbera 's shows had a worldwide audience of over 300 million people in their 1960s heyday , and have been translated into more than 28 languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6f1c298ac3cc197841cfcc7abf8293e",
"text": "Dora the Explorer Dora the Explorer is an American educational animated TV series created by Chris Gifford , Valerie Walsh , and Eric Weiner . Dora the Explorer became a regular series in 2000 . The show is carried on the Nickelodeon cable television network , including the associated Nick Jr. channel . It aired on CBS until September 2006 . A Spanish-dubbed version first aired as part of a Nick en español block on NBC Universal-owned Telemundo through September 2006 ; since April 2008 , this version of the program has been carried on Univision as part of the Planeta U block . The series is co-produced by Nickelodeon Productions and Nickelodeon Animation Studio . Dora the Explorer is one of the longest-running shows of Nick Jr. . During the sixth season , the show became the Nick Jr. series with the most episodes , surpassing Blue 's Clues with 143 episodes , having 144 after it had completed broadcasting on television . It won a Peabody Award in 2003 `` for outstanding efforts in making learning a pleasurable experience for pre-schoolers . '' It ended on June 5 , 2014 after 8 seasons and 172 episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "063d7ec0f20ad751c06b1585c6b0a98f",
"text": "Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney 's Adventures of the Gummi Bears is a Disney animated television series that first aired in the United States from 1985 to 1991 . The series was the first animated production by Walt Disney Animation Television , and loosely inspired by the gummy bear candies ; Disney CEO Michael Eisner was struck with inspiration for the show when his son requested the candies one day . The series premiered on NBC on September 14 , 1985 , and aired there for four seasons . The series moved to ABC for one season from 1989 to 1990 ( airing alongside The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh as the Gummi Bears-Winnie the Pooh Hour ) , and concluded on September 6 , 1991 as part of the Disney Afternoon television syndication package . Of the series ' 65 shows , 30 were double-features , consisting of two 11-minute cartoons , thereby bringing the series total to 94 distinct episodes overall . The show is well-remembered for its theme music , written by Michael and Patty Silversher and creation of `` gummiberry juice '' which was a type of magic potion , granting abilities , which allowed them to bounce away from their hunters . The theme was memorably performed by Joseph Williams , son of composer John Williams and one-time lead singer of Toto . The series was later rebroadcast on the syndicated Disney Afternoon block , and rerun on the Disney Afternoon through the summer of 1991 . In later years , it was shown on The Disney Channel ( from October 7 , 1991 to at least January 1997 ) , and later on Toon Disney , with its most recent televised airing occurring on December 28 , 2001 . Seasons 1 to 3 of the series were released on DVD on November 14 , 2006 featuring commentary from producers Eric Wong and Daniel Weinstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41222b619fd584a70532cc59d545f98f",
"text": "Goliad (Adventure Time) `` Goliad '' is the tenth episode of the fourth season of the American animated television series Adventure Time . The episode was written and storyboarded by Tom Herpich and Skyler Page , from a story by Patrick McHale , Kent Osborne , and Pendleton Ward . It originally aired on Cartoon Network on June 4 , 2012 . The episode guest stars Graham Linehan 's children , Wendy and Henry . The series follows the adventures of Finn ( voiced by Jeremy Shada ) , a human boy , and his best friend and adoptive brother Jake ( voiced by John DiMaggio ) , a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will . In this episode , Princess Bubblegum ( voiced by Hynden Walch ) begins to fear for her mortality , and creates an eternal sphinx named Goliad to be her successor . Things go awry , however , when the sphinx turns against Bubblegum . Linehan 's children , Wendy and Henry , were brought on to voice Goliad and Stormo , respectively , after Ward saw video of them impersonating Adventure Time characters . Linehan is currently putting together a story for a sequel episode . The episode received largely positive critical reviews , and was later nominated for an Annie Award for `` Storyboarding in an Animated Television/Broadcast Production '' at the 2013 award ceremony , although the episode did not win .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "439c38242be73ceb473ec9d3648366ac",
"text": "The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series The Hanna-Barbera New Cartoon Series , a.k.a. . The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Series or The Wally Gator Show , was a syndicated television package of animated cartoon series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions , starting in 1962 . The series included three unrelated short cartoon segments featuring funny animal characters : Wally Gator Touché Turtle and Dum Dum Lippy the Lion & Hardy Har Har The package consisted of Fifty-two episodes , each with three individual segments and no bridge animation . Each individual cartoon segment , had its own opening theme and closing title . The title The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon series was an off-screen promotional title to distinguish this package from other Hanna-Barbera cartoons ( such as Ruff and Reddy , Huckleberry Hound and Yogi Bear all of which had bridge animation between the cartoons . ) available at the time . For example , WGN-Channel 9 in Chicago ran the three segments in a half-hour timeslot under the name Wally Gator . In New York , WPIX-TV originally used the segments for a local series , Cartoon Zoo , featuring Milt Moss as host and `` Zookeeper '' , with life-sized cutouts of the characters in `` cages '' as a backdrop . The package was originally syndicated by Screen Gems , the TV division of Columbia Pictures . The Hanna-Barbera studio was later purchased by Taft Broadcasting Company , which distributed the studio 's product first through Taft-HB Program Sales , and later through Worldvision Enterprises . Over time , the studio regained control of many of its earlier productions and distributed them through Worldvision . The elements of The New Hanna-Barbera Cartoon Series were split up , with Wally Gator airing as a segment on Magilla Gorilla and Friends on USA Network 's Cartoon Express from 1987 through 1991 . Meanwhile , Touche Turtle and Lippy the Lion were part of another package of cartoons aired on The Family Channel . Following the purchase of the Hanna-Barbera library by Turner Entertainment , these shorts eventually appeared on Cartoon Network and later Boomerang . The cartoons were put on DVD with Saturday Morning Cartoons : Vol . 2 . Strangely , the Lippy the Lion cartoon was of noticeably better quality than the other two on the DVD . Very likely due to the cartoon coming from a better quality film print then the others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "290759ae97a636557d9eab7656bd06f4",
"text": "D-TV D-TV is a series of music videos created by Walt Disney Productions in 1984 . Disney combined hit songs from the past with footage of vintage Disney animation , created in the style of MTV music videos , which inspired the name of this series . The videos were shown as filler material on the Disney Channel ( as the network did not air commercials at this time ) , as well as being the focus of television specials . Home video collections were also released on the VHS , Beta , CED Videodisc , and Laserdisc formats . After the first run of D-TV , in 1989 a second series was produced known as DTV ² . The show 's main title theme song is `` RPM '' from Larry Owens for the Network Music Library . D-TV ceased airing in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba9a88c581133944102ca440232e6fc9",
"text": "List of Total Drama World Tour episodes This is a list of the episodes of Total Drama World Tour , a Canadian animated television series which premiered on June 10 , 2010 , at 8:30 p.m. EST on Teletoon in Canada , and on June 21 , 2010 , at 9:00 p.m. EST on Cartoon Network in the U.S. . It also aired on ABC3 in Australia . Total Drama World Tour , a sequel to Total Drama Island and Total Drama Action , is a parody of reality TV shows . This season takes the contestants around the world , where they must break into song at the sound of a jingle or face instant elimination .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd76783922979bece284ea69bcec947f",
"text": "Adult animation Adult animation , adult cartoon , or mature animation is any type of animation work that is mainly targeted towards adults and sometimes also teenagers , acting as a contrast to most animated films and TV series being aimed at children . Works in this genre may be considered adult for any number of reasons . They may be noted for using risqué themes , graphic violence , profane language , sexuality , or dark humor . Works in this genre may explore philosophical , political , or social issues . Some productions are noted for sophisticated and/or experimental storytelling and animation techniques . Before the enforcement of the Hays Code , some cartoon shorts contained humor that was aimed at adult audience members rather than children . Following the introduction of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system , independent animation producers attempted to establish an alternative to mainstream animation . Initially , few animation studios in the United States attempted to produce animation for adult audiences , but later examples of animation produced for adults would gain mainstream attention and success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9c8fcb24f1f2746d86b6294761bf670",
"text": "A&E Networks A&E Networks ( branded as A+E Networks ) is an American media company that owns a group of television channels available via cable & satellite in the U.S. and abroad . A&E stands for Arts & Entertainment . The company is a joint venture with Hearst and Disney-ABC Television Group , a unit of the Disney Media Networks subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee5eb2faf688d2bc896dd479902dc004",
"text": "Warner Bros. Cartoons Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. was the in-house division of Warner Bros. . Pictures during the Golden Age of American animation . One of the most successful animation studios in American media history , Warner Bros. . Cartoons was primarily responsible for the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies theatrical cartoon short subjects . The characters featured in these cartoons , including Bugs Bunny , Daffy Duck , Porky Pig , Speedy Gonzales , Sylvester and Tweety , Wile E. Coyote and the Road Runner , are among the most famous and recognizable characters in the world . Many of the creative staff members at the studio , including directors and animators such as Chuck Jones , Friz Freleng , Robert McKimson , Tex Avery , Robert Clampett and Frank Tashlin , are considered major figures in the art and history of traditional animation . The Warner animation division was founded in 1933 as Leon Schlesinger Productions , an independent company which produced the popular Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies animated short subjects for release by Warner Bros. . Pictures . In 1944 , Schlesinger sold the studio to Warner Bros. , who continued to operate it as Warner Bros. . Cartoons , Inc. until 1963 . Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies were briefly subcontracted to Freleng 's DePatie-Freleng Enterprises studio from 1964 until 1967 . The Warner Bros. . Cartoons studio briefly re-opened in 1967 before shutting its doors for good two years later . A successor company , Warner Bros. . Animation , was established in 1980 . That company continues to produce Looney Tunes-related works , in addition to television shows and feature films centering on other properties . The classic Warner Bros. animation studio is sometimes referred to as `` Termite Terrace '' , a name given to the temporary headquarters Tex Avery and his animators were assigned to during Avery 's first year as a Looney Tunes director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58a915170d1b6c2a02b6c064cdccd400",
"text": "Inspector Gadget (1983 TV series) Inspector Gadget is a French-Canadian-American animated comic science fiction television series that revolves around the adventures of a clumsy , dim-witted detective named Inspector Gadget -- a human being with various bionic gadgets built into his body . Gadget 's nemesis is Dr. Claw , the leader of an evil organization known as `` M.A.D. '' The series launched the Inspector Gadget franchise . This is the first syndicated cartoon show from DIC Entertainment , as well as the first from the company to be created specifically for US viewers , along with The Littles . It originally ran from 1983 to 1986 and remained in syndication into the late 1990s . It was shown on ABC in Australia from 26 July 1984 to 8 February 1991 . Created by Andy Heyward , Bruno Bianchi , and DiC 's founder Jean Chalopin , the series was a co-production between DiC Entertainment ( at the time named DiC Enterprices ) and the Canadian studio Nelvana , which DiC outsourced the pre-production to . The animation work was outsourced to Asian studios Tokyo Movie Shinsha in Japan and Cuckoo 's Nest Studio in Taiwan . It was the first animated television series to be presented in stereo sound .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2237d61f502d5c08ae504bb52f6bc928",
"text": "Super Milk Chan is an anime comedy directed by Hideyuki Tanaka and produced by Genco , Suplex , framegraphics and Geneon Entertainment for the 24-hour channel Animax . The show pre-began as 14 eight-minute segment episodes which aired on Fuji Television 's Flyer TV block from June 18 , 1998 to September 24 , 1998 from 24:45 to 24:55 , with the animation being produced by Tokyo Kids . The full-length show , entitled , ran for 12 twenty-four-minute episodes which aired on WOWOW 's Space Shower TV block from January 27 , 2000 to April 13 , 2000 at 19:00 and then 18:00 . In Canada , 14 episodes of Super Milk Chan aired on Teletoon in 1998 . The North American DVD release by A.D. Vision features two different English-dubbed versions : a straight translation of the Japanese version ( which aired on Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim block on October 31 , 2004 with the original vintage episodes before making its official series premiere a week later ) and an Americanized version with western pop culture references and short live-action skits featuring ADV voice cast members .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9ecafbd891e3c57d44416fe443e8e8c2 | The Houston Rockets have lost two NHL championships. | [
{
"docid": "eb68ae5bc29cc778105318851ad96c05",
"text": "Houston Rockets The Houston Rockets are an American professional basketball team based in Houston , Texas . The Rockets compete in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , as a member of the league 's Western Conference Southwest Division . The team plays its home games at the Toyota Center , located in downtown Houston . The Rockets have won two NBA championships and four Western Conference titles . The team was established as the San Diego Rockets , an expansion team originally based in San Diego , in 1967 . In 1971 , the Rockets moved to Houston . The Rockets won only 15 games in their debut season as a franchise in 1967 . In the 1968 NBA draft , the Rockets , picking first overall , selected power forward Elvin Hayes , who would lead the team to its first playoff appearance in his rookie season . The Rockets did not finish a season with a winning record until the 1976 -- 77 season , when they traded for center Moses Malone . Malone went on to win the NBA Most Valuable Player ( MVP ) award twice and led Houston to the conference finals in his first year with the team . He also led the Rockets to the NBA Finals in 1981 where they were defeated in six games by the Boston Celtics , led by Larry Bird and future Rockets coach Kevin McHale . In 1984 , the Rockets drafted center Hakeem Olajuwon , who would be paired with 7 ft Ralph Sampson , forming one of the tallest front courts in the NBA . Nicknamed the `` Twin Towers '' , they led the team to the 1986 NBA Finals -- the second NBA Finals appearance in franchise history -- where Houston was again defeated by the Boston Celtics . The Rockets continued to reach the playoffs throughout the 1980s , but failed to advance past the first round for several years following a second-round defeat to the Seattle SuperSonics in 1987 . Rudy Tomjanovich took over as head coach midway through the 1991 -- 92 season , ushering in the most successful period in franchise history . Olajuwon-led Rockets went to the 1994 NBA Finals and won franchise 's first championship against Patrick Ewing and the New York Knicks . The following season , the Rockets reinforced by another All-Star , Clyde Drexler , repeated as champions as the sixth seed in the West and swept the Orlando Magic , led by a young Shaquille O'Neal and Penny Hardaway , in four games . Houston became the lowest-seeded team in NBA history to win the title . The Rockets acquired all-star forward Charles Barkley in 1996 , but the presence of three of the NBA 's 50 greatest players of all-time ( Olajuwon , Drexler , and Barkley ) was not enough to propel Houston past the Western Conference Finals . Each one of the aging trio had left the team by 2001 , and the Rockets of the early 21st century , led by superstars Tracy McGrady and Yao Ming , followed the trend of consistent regular-season respectability followed by playoff underachievement as both players struggled with injuries . After Yao 's early retirement in 2011 , the Rockets entered a period of rebuilding , completely dismantling and retooling their roster . The acquisition of franchise player James Harden in 2012 has launched the Rockets back into championship contention in the mid-2010s . The Rockets , under general manager Daryl Morey , are notable for popularizing the use of advanced statistical analytics ( similar to sabermetrics in baseball ) in player acquisitions and style of play .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9c00800557203b8e2f2c11eebaaff07c",
"text": "2014–15 Houston Rockets season The 2014 -- 15 Houston Rockets season was the 48th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , and the 44th in the Houston area . The Rockets finished the regular season with a 56 -- 26 record , the third best in franchise history . They also won their first ever Southwest Division title and first Division crown since 1994 . The Rockets beat the Dallas Mavericks 4 -- 1 in the first round , advancing to the Western Conference Semifinals for the first time since 2009 . They beat the Los Angeles Clippers in seven games after trailing the series 1 -- 3 , advancing to the Western Conference Finals for the first time since 1997 . They became just the ninth team in NBA history to come back from such a deficit -- and currently the only franchise to do so twice . The Rockets ' season ended with a 1 -- 4 loss in the Western Conference Finals to the Golden State Warriors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9f1d38a84b91be367a911b26694c106",
"text": "2010–11 Anaheim Ducks season The 2010 -- 11 Anaheim Ducks season was the 18th season of operation ( 17th season of play ) for the National Hockey League franchise . After a disappointing previous season , the Ducks attempted to win the Stanley Cup for the second time in franchise history . They were ultimately defeated by the Nashville Predators in the first round of the playoffs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11671e59c4ff288241abf9c9e8ba66c3",
"text": "History of the National Hockey League (1917–42) The National Hockey League ( NHL ) was founded in 1917 following the demise of its predecessor league , the National Hockey Association ( NHA ) . In an effort to remove Eddie Livingstone as owner of the Toronto Blueshirts , a majority of the NHA franchises ( the Montreal Canadiens , Montreal Wanderers , Ottawa Senators and Quebec Bulldogs ) suspended the NHA and formed the new NHL . Quebec , while a member , did not operate in the NHL for the first two years . Instead the owners of the Toronto Arena Gardens operated a new Toronto franchise . While the NHL was intended as a temporary measure , the continuing dispute with Livingstone led to the four NHA owners meeting and making the suspension of the NHA permanent one year later . The NHL 's first quarter-century saw the league compete against two rival major leagues , the Pacific Coast Hockey Association and Western Canada Hockey League , for players and the Stanley Cup . The NHL first expanded into the United States in 1924 with the founding of the Boston Bruins , and by 1926 consisted of ten teams in Ontario , Quebec , the Great Lakes region , and the Northeastern United States . At the same time , the NHL emerged as the only major league and the sole competitor for the Stanley Cup . The game itself continued to evolve during this time . Numerous innovations to the rules and equipment were put forward as the NHL sought to improve the flow of the game and make the sport more fan-friendly . The NHL played with six men to a side rather than the traditional seven , and was among the first leagues to allow goaltenders to leave their feet to make saves . The NHL 's footprint spread across Canada as Foster Hewitt 's radio broadcasts were heard coast-to-coast starting in 1933 . The Montreal Forum and Maple Leaf Gardens were built , and each played host to All-Star benefit games held to raise money to support Ace Bailey and the family of Howie Morenz in Toronto and Montreal , respectively . Both players ' careers had ended due to an on-ice incident , with Morenz eventually dying , a month after he sustained his initial injury . These early NHL All-Star games would lead to the annual All-Star games which continue today . The Great Depression and World War II reduced the league to six teams by 1942 . Founding team Ottawa , and expansion teams New York Americans , Montreal Maroons and Pittsburgh Pirates/Philadelphia Quakers passed from the scene . Expansion team Detroit Falcons declared bankruptcy in 1932 and only survived through a merger with the Chicago Shamrocks of the American Hockey League and the pockets of prosperous owner James Norris to become the Detroit Red Wings . Desperate conditions in Montreal meant that the city nearly lost both of its teams in the 1930s ; the Canadiens nearly moved to Cleveland , but survived due to its stronger fan support . The six teams left standing in 1942 ( the Boston Bruins , Chicago Black Hawks , Detroit Red Wings , Montreal Canadiens , New York Rangers and Toronto Maple Leafs ) are known today as the `` Original Six '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf455ee88ed3481172d8058df8aeea1f",
"text": "Southwest Division (NBA) The Southwest Division is one of the three divisions in the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The division is located in the South Central United States and consists of five teams , the Dallas Mavericks , the Houston Rockets , the Memphis Grizzlies , the New Orleans Pelicans and the San Antonio Spurs . Three of the teams , the Mavericks , Rockets , and Spurs , are based in Texas . The division was created at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the league expanded from 29 to 30 teams with the addition of the Charlotte Bobcats . The league realigned itself into three divisions in each conference . The Southwest Division began with five inaugural members , the Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies , the Hornets ( now Pelicans ) and the Spurs . The Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies and the Spurs joined from the now-defunct Midwest Division , while the Pelicans joined from the Central Division . The Spurs have won the most Southwest Division titles with eight . The Mavericks have won two titles and the Pelicans and Rockets have won one title each . The Grizzlies have never won the Southwest Division title . Four NBA champions came from the Southwest Division . The Spurs won the NBA championship in 2005 , 2007 and 2014 , while the Mavericks won in 2011 . In the 2007 -- 08 season , all four teams that qualified for the playoffs each had more than 50 wins . In the 2010 -- 11 season and the 2014 -- 15 season , all teams in the division had winning percentages above 0.500 ( 50 % ) . In the 2014 -- 15 season , the Southwest Division saw every one of its teams making the playoffs , a feat achieved only twice in the last 30 years . The most recent division champion is the San Antonio Spurs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d348f4c2a8602e962d84890bedc4c8b6",
"text": "1975–76 Houston Aeros season The 1975 -- 76 Houston Aeros season was the Aeros ' fourth season of operation in the World Hockey Association ( WHA ) . The Aeros again qualified first for the playoffs and made it to the Avco Cup Final but lost the championship to the Winnipeg Jets . This was the first season that the Aeros played in the Summit after three seasons at Sam Houston Coliseum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f7bd841cff94fd4435be9c856ff4e2d",
"text": "2000–01 Houston Rockets season The 2000 -- 01 NBA season was the Rockets ' 34th season in the National Basketball Association , and 30th season in the city of Houston . In an effort to shore up their front line , the Rockets signed free agent Maurice Taylor during the offseason . After the retirement of Charles Barkley , second-year star Steve Francis continued to emerge as the new star of the Rockets averaging 19.9 points per game . The Rockets got off to a 13 -- 9 start to the season , but then went on a six-game losing streak afterwards . They would recover and play above .500 for the remainder of the season . However , the Rockets missed the playoffs despite finishing fifth in the Midwest Division with a winning record of 45 -- 37 , which was two games behind the 8th-seeded Minnesota Timberwolves . This season marked an end of an era as Hakeem Olajuwon was traded to the Toronto Raptors following the season . Also following the season , Shandon Anderson was traded to the New York Knicks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c363292efe3d474d5f249699cad8baf5",
"text": "North American Hockey League The North American Hockey League ( NAHL ) is one of the top junior hockey leagues in the United States and is in its 42nd season of operation in 2017 -- 18 . It is the only Tier II junior league sanctioned by USA Hockey , and acts as an alternative to the Tier I United States Hockey League ( USHL ) . The NAHL is the oldest junior hockey league in the United States and is headquartered in Frisco , Texas ( they are co-located in the same facility as the National Hockey League 's Dallas Stars ) . The league consists of four divisions with a total of 23 teams . The teams span the United States from Massachusetts in the East to Alaska in the Northwest and to Texas in the South . The teams play a 60-game regular season , starting in mid-September and ending in early April . The top teams of the NAHL playoffs meet in a predetermined location to play in the Robertson Cup Championship Tournament . From its beginning in 1975 , the NAHL was primarily a 6 -- 12-team league based in the Midwest , known as the Great Lakes Junior Hockey League and changed the name to the North American Hockey League in 1984 . The league 's all-time leading scorer is Mike York who tallied 371 points in two seasons . Other notable alumni from the NAHL include Pat Lafontaine , Mike Modano , Doug Weight , Pat Peake , Brian Rolston , Brian Holzinger , Brian Rafalski , Todd Marchant and John Scott . In 2003 , the league merged with the defunct America West Hockey League to form a 19-team league .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "605b070c9f3185b264d5ff93e68d6502",
"text": "1996–97 Calgary Flames season The 1996 -- 97 Calgary Flames season was the 17th National Hockey League season in Calgary . It was another season of decline , as the Flames began the rebuilding process after remaining near the top of the league standings for nearly a decade . Finishing 5th in the Pacific Division , the Flames missed the playoffs for the first time since the 1991 -- 92 season , and for only the second time since coming to Calgary . As a result of missing the playoffs , the Flames fired head coach Pierre Page following the season , replacing him with Brian Sutter . Page ended his Flames career with a coaching record of 66 -- 78 -- 20 . His .463 winning percentage was , at the time , the worst for any coach in Flames history . On November 23 , 1996 , rugged forward Sasha Lakovic authored one of the more memorable moments in the history of the Battle of Alberta when he attempted to leap over the glass at Northlands Coliseum in Edmonton to attack a drunken fan who had reached over the barrier to dump a beer on the head of Flames assistant coach Guy Lapointe . Lakovic , who was held back by his team-mates from going into the crowd , was suspended two games , while the Edmonton Oilers were fined $ 20,000 for having inadequate security . Theoren Fleury was named to the Western Conference team at the 47th National Hockey League All-Star Game , where he recorded an assist . Rookie forward Jarome Iginla , acquired the previous season in a trade for Joe Nieuwendyk led all NHL rookies in scoring at 50 points . Despite his success , Iginla failed to win the Calder Memorial Trophy , as defenceman Bryan Berard was voted the league 's top rookie . Iginla was named to the All-Rookie team , however .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "715f29f541e8b8f2c3ca201153631682",
"text": "1965–66 Detroit Red Wings season The 1965 -- 66 Detroit Red Wings season saw the Red Wings finish in fourth place in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) with a record of 31 wins , 27 losses , and 12 ties for 74 points . They defeated the Chicago Black Hawks in six games in the semi-finals before falling to the Montreal Canadiens in the Stanley Cup Final , also in six games . The Red Wings would not appear in the Final again until the 1995 Final .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4f16a1101c53866177617aba91bf1b3",
"text": "1993–94 Calgary Flames season The 1993 -- 94 Calgary Flames season was the 14th National Hockey League season in Calgary . It was a season of change across the NHL , as the league reorganized its divisions and playoff format . The Smythe Division was retired and the Flames joined the new Pacific Division of the Western Conference , as the NHL aligned itself with the other major sports leagues in naming divisions by geographical boundaries . The change angered fans , who preferred the traditional convention , which honoured the game 's past builders . Realignment also led to significant changes in the playoff format , as the top eight teams in each conference now qualified for the post-season , rather than the top four in each division . Under the new format , the top team in each division was guaranteed one of the top two seeds , and declared the divisional champion , as opposed to having to win two playoff rounds to capture the division title . Thus , the Flames became the first Pacific Division champions , and the second seed in the playoffs . They faced the second place Vancouver Canucks in the playoffs rather than the fourth place Mighty Ducks of Anaheim who failed to qualify under the new system . The playoffs ended in another bitter disappointment , as the Flames blew a 3 -- 1 series lead , losing the last three games in overtime to the Canucks , who would eventually go onto the Stanley Cup finals before bowing out to the New York Rangers . Two Flames represented the Western Conference at the 1994 All-Star Game : Forward Joe Nieuwendyk and defenceman Al MacInnis . For the second consecutive season , four Flames reached the 30-goal plateau . Three of them ( Theoren Fleury , Robert Reichel and Gary Roberts ) were also 40-goal scorers . Prior to the season , Calgary lost two players in the 1993 NHL Expansion Draft , as the Florida Panthers selected defenceman Alexander Godynyuk 13th overall , and centre Brian Skrudland 32nd overall . The Mighty Ducks of Anaheim did not select any Flames players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b63be1b088e6bbef0757b0dcfaf3256",
"text": "1988–89 NHL season The 1988 -- 89 NHL season was the 72nd season of the National Hockey League . The Calgary Flames won an all-Canadian Stanley Cup final against the Montreal Canadiens four games to two . As of the end of the 2017 NHL season this is the last time two Canadian teams faced each other for the Stanley Cup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29dc7886a2b1e5beb50d3973c262296c",
"text": "Jason Smith (ice hockey) Jason Matthew Smith ( born November 2 , 1973 ) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey defenceman who played his entire career in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) from 1993 to 2009 , playing in over 1,000 regular season games . In his 16-year NHL career , he played for the New Jersey Devils , Toronto Maple Leafs , Edmonton Oilers , Philadelphia Flyers and Ottawa Senators , having been originally selected by New Jersey in the first round , 18th overall , at the 1992 NHL Entry Draft . Smith served as team captain of both the Edmonton Oilers and Philadelphia Flyers , the former of which he led for five years and guided to the 2006 Stanley Cup Finals . Smith is currently the head coach for the WHL 's Kelowna Rockets",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f92101fedfd4f6ee687f1f726dde5cfe",
"text": "1990–91 Los Angeles Kings season The 1990 -- 91 Los Angeles Kings season saw the Kings finish first in the Smythe Division with a 46-24-10 record for 102 points . This was the only regular-season division title in Kings history , and the second-best regular-season finish in franchise history . The team defeated the Vancouver Canucks four games to two in the Smythe Division Semi-final before falling to the Edmonton Oilers four games to two in the Division Final . The Kings were coached by Tom Webster and captained by Wayne Gretzky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7eba6d9810950f29ace6f00f1b058aa",
"text": "19th National Hockey League All-Star Game The 19th National Hockey League National Hockey League All-Star Game was played in Montreal Forum on October 20 , 1965 , where the host Montreal Canadiens lost to a team of all-stars from the remaining NHL teams 5 -- 2 . It was the last time that an All-Star Game was held at the start of the season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b8d3d2bf5448e621c9fa07961c9768f",
"text": "2003 Stanley Cup Finals The 2003 Stanley Cup Finals was a best-of-seven playoff series that determined the champion of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) for the 2002 -- 03 season . As a culmination of the 2003 Stanley Cup playoffs , the second-seeded Eastern Conference champion New Jersey Devils defeated the seventh-seeded Western Conference champion Mighty Ducks of Anaheim in seven games and were awarded the Stanley Cup . It was New Jersey 's first appearance since 2001 and third in four years . It was Anaheim 's first-ever appearance . The Devils defeated the Mighty Ducks in seven games to win their third Stanley Cup in less than a decade . The Devils ' win was the last in a series of wins they , along with the Colorado Avalanche and the Detroit Red Wings , established in the era from 1995 to 2003 . The three teams won a combined eight of nine Stanley Cups during that time . The Devils won in 1995 , followed by the Avalanche in 1996 , then the Red Wings in 1997 and 1998 . After the Dallas Stars won in 1999 , the four-year cycle repeated again as the Devils started it again in 2000 , followed by Colorado in 2001 and Detroit in 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0b836bf279861a9fd47d261355f1ac5",
"text": "Anaheim Ducks The Anaheim Ducks are a professional ice hockey team based in Anaheim , California . They are members of the Pacific Division of the Western Conference of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) . Since their inception , the Ducks have played their home games at the Honda Center . The club was founded in 1993 by The Walt Disney Company as the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , a name based on the 1992 film The Mighty Ducks . Disney sold the franchise in 2005 to Henry and Susan Samueli , who along with General Manager Brian Burke , changed the name of the team to the Anaheim Ducks before the 2006 -- 07 season . The Ducks have made the playoffs 13 times and won six Pacific Division titles ( 2006 -- 07 , 2012 -- 13 , 2013 -- 14 , 2014 -- 15 , 2015 -- 16 , and 2016 -- 17 ) , two Western Conference championships ( 2002 -- 03 and 2006 -- 07 ) and one Stanley Cup ( 2006 -- 07 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f462ae4300bbb8d004d2063739657bb",
"text": "Don McLeod Donald Martin `` Smokie '' McLeod ( August 24 , 1946 -- March 11 , 2015 ) was a Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played briefly in the National Hockey League and six full seasons in the World Hockey Association . McLeod 's NHL career consisted of 18 games played with the Detroit Red Wings and Philadelphia Flyers over the 1970-71 and 1971-72 seasons . With the formation of the WHA in 1972 , McLeod was signed by the Houston Aeros where he played two seasons . The 1973-74 season was his finest year . He was awarded the Ben Hatskin trophy as the new league 's top goalie and was named to the First All-Star team . To top off his best professional season , the Aeros won the WHA playoff championship ( Avco Trophy ) . McLeod was also chosen to represent Canada ( WHA ) in the 1974 Summit Series against the Soviet Union in September 1974 . For the 1974-75 season , McLeod signed with the Vancouver Blazers where he appeared in a league record 72 games . McLeod followed the franchise to Calgary and for the next two seasons was the Calgary Cowboys main goalie . When that franchise folded in 1977 , McLeod was drafted by the Quebec Nordiques where he played in only 7 games before being dealt to the Edmonton Oilers where he finished out the 1977-78 season and his professional career . McLeod was the holder of numerous WHA career , season and playoff goaltending records . He died in 2015 , aged 68 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c40e9cc1ae7a0fd7c45c9c49070d2c",
"text": "1993–94 Edmonton Oilers season The 1993 -- 94 Edmonton Oilers season was the Oilers ' 15th season in the NHL , and they were coming off their worst season in team history in 1992 -- 93 , finishing with only 60 points and failing to qualify for the playoffs for the first time . During the off-season , the NHL announced it would be renaming the divisions and conferences , and the Oilers would be placed in the newly created Pacific Division in the Western Conference , along with their Battle of Alberta rivals , the Calgary Flames , Vancouver Canucks , Los Angeles Kings , San Jose Sharks , and the expansion Mighty Ducks of Anaheim . Edmonton would get off to a horrible start , starting the year 3 -- 18 -- 3 , before head coach Ted Green was fired and replaced by Glen Sather for the remainder of the season . The Oilers would play much better under Sather , but still fail to qualify for the playoffs for the 2nd straight season , finishing 18 points behind the 8th seeded San Jose Sharks . During the season , Edmonton would once again trade veteran players for youngsters , as team captain Craig MacTavish was dealt to the New York Rangers for Todd Marchant , while Dave Manson was shipped to the Winnipeg Jets for Boris Mironov . Offensively , Doug Weight would lead the club with 74 points , while 19-year-old rookie Jason Arnott would score a team high 33 goals , and finish just behind Weight with 68 points . Shayne Corson and Zdeno Ciger would each score over 20 goals , with 25 and 22 respectively . Igor Kravchuk would lead the Oilers blueline with 12 goals and 50 points , while Bob Beers would put together a solid season on defense , scoring 10 goals and 37 points . Kelly Buchberger would be the team leader in penalty minutes , accumulating 199 . In goal , Bill Ranford would appear in a career high 71 games , winning 22 of them , with a 3.48 GAA and 1 shutout . Rookie Fred Brathwaite would back him up , appearing in 19 games , and winning 3 of them . The Oilers scored the fewest shorthanded goals ( 2 ) during the regular season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7e15458e039040bcdf8d51f48865a42",
"text": "Eastern Conference (NHL) The Eastern Conference ( Conférence de l'Est ) is one of two conferences in the National Hockey League ( NHL ) used to divide teams . Its counterpart is the Western Conference . Previously known as the Prince of Wales Conference ( or Wales Conference for short ) , it was created in 1974 when the NHL realigned its teams into two conferences and four divisions . Because the new conferences and divisions had little to do with North American geography , geographical references were removed . The conference was instead named for the Prince of Wales Trophy . . The current champions are the Pittsburgh Penguins , winning in 2016 -- 17 . The Prince of Wales Trophy dates back to 1925 , when it was donated to the League by the then-current Prince of Wales , who later became King Edward VIII . It was originally given to the NHL 's champion . ( Until 1926 , the Stanley Cup was presented to the winner of a post-season playoff between the NHL and Western Hockey League champions . ) Since 1926 -- 27 , the Stanley Cup has gone to the NHL 's playoff champion . During the years when the NHL had no divisions , ( i.e. , 1925 -- 26 ; 1938 to 1967 ) , the Prince of Wales Trophy was presented to the League 's regular season champion ( analogous to today 's Presidents ' Trophy ) . From 1928 to 1937 , the Trophy went to the American Division regular season champion ; from 1967 to 1974 , it was presented to the East Division regular season champion ; and from 1974 to 1981 , it was presented to the Wales Conference regular season champion . The conferences and divisions were re-aligned for the 1981 -- 82 to better reflect the geographical locations of the teams , but the existing names were retained with the Wales Conference becoming the conference primarily for the NHL 's eastern teams . The names of conferences and divisions were changed for the 1993 -- 94 season to reflect their geographic locations . Then-new NHL Commissioner Gary Bettman made the change to help non-hockey fans better understand the game , as the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , National Football League ( NFL ) and Major League Baseball ( MLB ) all use geographic-based names for their conferences and divisions . However , the trophy awarded to the conference champion , the Prince of Wales Trophy , retains some connection to the heritage of the League . In 2005 , following the 2004 -- 05 NHL lockout , Bettman changed the Eastern Conference logo ( along with the Western Conference and NHL logos ) to its current format .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59140be16bd2a852c7f7a4e851176705",
"text": "1966 Memorial Cup The 1966 Memorial Cup was the 48th annual Memorial Cup competition , organized by the Canadian Amateur Hockey Association ( CAHA ) to determine the champion of `` junior A '' ice hockey . The George Richardson Memorial Trophy champions Oshawa Generals of the Ontario Hockey Association in Eastern Canada competed against the Abbott Cup champions Edmonton Oil Kings of the Central Alberta Hockey League in Western Canada . Maple Leaf Gardens in Toronto , Ontario hosted the Final , which featured Bobby Orr , the Generals captain . It was the last of 18 Memorial Cup series to be played at the Gardens . In a best-of-seven series , Edmonton won their second Memorial Cup , defeating Oshawa four games to two . Orr was injured and played sparingly .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3fa60c983e2014fcd0ad8f67dbd79311 | Cochrane is a organization that is non-governmental. | [
{
"docid": "a29c9ad5a090626f42bf7a417cff0bbc",
"text": "Cochrane (organisation) Cochrane , previously known as the Cochrane Collaboration , is an independent , non-profit , non-governmental organization consisting of a group of more than 37,000 volunteers in more than 130 countries . The group was formed to organize medical research information in a systematic way to facilitate the choices that health professionals , patients , policy makers and others face in health interventions according to the principles of evidence-based medicine . The group conducts systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials of health-care interventions and diagnostic tests , which it publishes in The Cochrane Library . A few reviews ( in fields such as occupational health ) have also studied the results of non-randomized , observational studies .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f9313106a7a4fd24aef3786927e721bc",
"text": "Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany The Association of the Scientific Medical Societies in Germany ( AWMF ; Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Wissenschaftlichen Medizinischen Fachgesellschaften ) , established in 1962 and located in Frankfurt am Main ( office at Düsseldorf ) , is the umbrella organisation of the more the 150 German medical societies . AWMF advises the government of the Federal Republic of Germany as well as the governments of the German federal countries ( `` Bundesländer '' ) in all topics of scientific medicine and medical research and classification . It co-ordinates the national programm of medical guidelines of its member organisations being a member of the Guidelines International Network . AWMF is the national member for Germany in the `` Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences CIOMS '' at WHO . The German Journal for Evidence and Quality in Healthcare ZEFQ is one of the organisation 's official organs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cdcea37d91c3664c8445eb75528c5f6",
"text": "Brighton Collaboration The Brighton Collaboration ( BC ) , named after the city in England where the idea was first formulated , is an independent global vaccine safety research network for health care professionals . It is a non-profit partnership providing high-quality vaccine safety information . The Brighton Collaboration was launched in 2000 as a voluntary international organization to facilitate the development , evaluation , and dissemination of high quality information about the safety of human vaccines . The idea of the collaboration started in 1999 , following a presentation by Bob Chen at an international scientific vaccine conference in Brighton , U.K. . In his talk , he stressed the need to improve vaccine safety monitoring by developing internationally accepted standards . Among the members of the audience were Harald Heijbel , Ulrich Heininger , Tom Jefferson , and Elisabeth Loupi who approached Bob Chen after his presentation . The 5 of them decided to start the project to develop a common language and standardized research methodology to improve the accuracy of vaccine safety risk assessment modeled after the Cochrane Collaboration for evidence-based medicine",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4c7a5b470323ca5ebf1a8fb504c7032",
"text": "Systematics Association The Systematics Association ( SystAss for short ) is a charitable organisation based in the UK founded in 1937 for the promotion of the study of systematics and taxonomy . It publishes research , organises conferences , and provides competitive research funds for systematics research .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42d2a7d37c2999c0678f169c42ccd457",
"text": "International POPs Elimination Network The International POPs Elimination Network ( IPEN ) is a global network of NGOs dedicated to the common aim of eliminating persistent organic pollutants . IPEN is composed of public interest non-governmental organizations who support a common platform for the global elimination of POPs . The Participating Organizations ( POs ) of IPEN are those NGOs which have endorsed the POPs Elimination Platform and/or the Stockholm Declaration . Because the network is primarily engaged in facilitating information exchange and in supporting activities of its constituents , and because the purpose of the network does not include developing network-wide-policy statements , strategies , or action plans , a formal decision-making process for the network can be simple , flexible , and largely administrative in nature . ( IPEN 2005 ) The International POPs Elimination Network ( IPEN ) is a global network of more than 600 public interest non-governmental organizations working together for the elimination of persistent organic pollutants , on an expedited yet socially equitable basis . This mission includes achieving a world in which all chemicals are produced and used in ways that eliminate significant adverse effects on human health and the environment , and where persistent organic pollutants ( POPs ) and chemicals of equivalent concern no longer pollute our local and global environments , and no longer contaminate our communities , our food , our bodies , or the bodies of our children and future generations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b338a45b57dfa892a1b2fd5396c00379",
"text": "UNISIST model The UNISIST model of information dissemination was proposed in 1971 by the United Nations . UNISIST ( United Nations International Scientific Information System ) is a model of the social system of communication , which consists of knowledge producers , intermediaries , and users . These groups of people ( or actors ) are different kinds of professionals . The social system also contains institutes such as research institutes , publishers , and libraries . The actors and institutions perform information services such as writing , publishing , storing and retrieving documents and information . The actors are communicating in both formal and informal ways and they are producing different kinds of documents such as journal articles , books , book reviews , proceedings , bibliographies and catalogues , dictionaries , handbooks , encyclopedias and review articles . The UNISIST model can be used to define relations between various kinds of scientific and scholarly documents and to compare various domains and their discursive practices . It provides a classification of documents and information services into primary , secondary and tertiary services and products . The original UNISIST model has been updated . The two most important reasons for the updated version have been : to emphasize differences between different knowledge domains and their structures of communication to reflect the changes in scientific and scholarly communication facilitated by the Internet and information technologies",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1b6e9729f0d990861b8776d4c6dd097",
"text": "HRHIS A `` Human Resource for Health Information System '' ( `` HRHIS '' ) -- also known within the health care sector as `` human resource information system '' ( `` HRIS '' ) -- is a system for collecting , processing , managing and disseminating data and information on human resource for health ( HRH ) . Depending on the level of development of a country 's health care system and the organization of its workforce , an HRHIS can be computerized or paper-based , and including information on numbers and distribution of health workers and track their career information . It is usually an integral part of a comprehensive health management information system , and may be used to monitor and assess the performance of the overall health system . For example , in Tanzania the title Human Resource for Health Information System refers to an open-source software solution for HRH information management developed by the Department of Computer Science , University of Dar es Salaam for the Ministry of Health and Social Welfare ( Tanzania ) , and funded by the Japan International Cooperation Agency ( JICA ) and other development partners . The system supports the capture of data linked to any level in the organizational hierarchy and is customizable at both the input and output sides . In Canada , the HRHIS is composed of multiple computerized components , including the National Physician Database and the Registered Nurses Database . Similar systems have been developed and implemented elsewhere . In Uganda , an open-source HRHIS was implemented under the request of the Ugandan Ministry of Health ( MOH ) , to link and better manage a variety of independent sources of health workforce data , including data from censuses and other national surveys , MOH administrative records , district level sources , independent research studies , and health professional council data . In Brazil , the national web-based HRHIS ( known in Portuguese as sistema de informação e gestão de recursos humanos em saúde ) was implemented by the Brazilian Ministry of Health under a process of health systems reform and decentralization , catalyzed by the availability of new information technologies at the level of local health organizations . Botswana developed its HRHIS in 1994 , and Ministry of Health staff used the data as a basis for coordinated national workforce planning efforts with other agencies and ministries , such as the Department of Local Government which employs health workers in local regions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "023202c3eb8fbaf91a89f6f6b76f8e83",
"text": "NeuroSearch NeuroSearch A/S is a Danish biotechnology company specializing in pharmaceuticals for treating diseases and disorders affecting the central nervous system ( CNS ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d93243828fb4fdce7a9350295a6ded3",
"text": "Controlled substance A controlled substance is generally a drug or chemical whose manufacture , possession , or use is regulated by a government , such as illicitly used drugs or prescription medications that are designated a Controlled Drug in the United Kingdom . In the United States , the Drug Enforcement Administration is responsible for suppressing illegal drug use and distribution by enforcing the Controlled Substances Act , which regulates both the drugs themselves and certain precursors . Some U.S. states have additional restrictions for substances which might or might not be regulated by the federal government . During the Obama Administration , the federal government also voluntarily suspended enforcement of federal laws restricting marijuana where people were operating in compliance with state law . Some precursor chemicals used for the production of illegal drugs are also controlled substances in many countries , even though they may lack the pharmacological effects of the drugs themselves . Substances are classified according to schedules and consist primarily of potentially psychoactive substances . The controlled substances do not include many prescription items such as antibiotics . Some states in the U.S. have statutes against health care providers self-prescribing and/or administering substances listed in the Controlled Substance Act schedules . This does not forbid licensed providers from self-prescribing medications not on the schedules .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e13f6cec12e7e29dd8ef947083a6efa0",
"text": "David Suzuki Foundation The David Suzuki Foundation is a science-based environmental organization headquartered in Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada , with offices in Montreal and Toronto . It is a non-profit organization that is incorporated in both Canada and the United States , and is funded by close to 30,000 donors . The Foundation describes its goal as to : Work towards balancing human needs with the Earth 's ability to sustain all life . Our goal is to find and communicate practical ways to achieve that balance . The mission of the foundation is to `` protect the diversity of nature and our quality of life , now and for the future '' and their vision is `` that within a generation , Canadians act on the understanding that we are all interconnected and interdependent with nature '' . Its origins lie in a 1989 `` think-tank '' retreat on Pender Island , British Columbia that was organized by David Suzuki and Tara Cullis . A dozen concerned individuals were invited , and inspired by those discussions the Foundation was incorporated on September 14 , 1990 . It officially opened its doors on January 1 , 1991 . It is a federally registered Canadian charity supported entirely by Foundation grants and donations . It does not accept any government funding , except from the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada . It is also not a funding body for other organizations . Currently the Foundation employs roughly fifty staff members . The Foundation 's CEO is Peter Robinson , formerly the head of Mountain Equipment Co-op and BC Housing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76949c704ed72a8bd0ad8a824bed3e59",
"text": "ProRec The ProRec initiative of 1996 is a network of national non-profit organisations ( the `` ProRec centres '' ) . The initiative was a consequence of the conclusions of the Concerted Action MEDIREC ( 1994-1995 ) regarding the reasons why Electronic Health Record ( EHR ) systems were not used more widely in any of the European Union . As part of the Lisbon Declaration suggestions were made to remedy this situation . The ProRec initiative is supported by the DG Information Society of the European Union . The DG Information Society supported the ProRec initiative with the ProRec Support Action ( 1996-1998 ) , and the WIDENET Accompanying Measure ( 2000-2003 ) . The goal of the initiative is to build awareness of the limitations , shortcomings and obstacles on the way towards widespread development , implementation and use of quality Electronic Health Records ( EHRs ) and pointing them out . Especially significant for implementing Electronic Health Record systems is the ability to communicate and interoperate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "153c28889bed5a2bd3d8df8e3f55369f",
"text": "Drug prohibition law Drug prohibition law is prohibition-based law by which governments prohibit , except under licence , the production , supply , and possession of many , but not all , substances which are recognized as drugs , and which corresponds to international treaty commitments in the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961 , the Convention on Psychotropic Substances 1971 , and the United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances 1988 . When produced , supplied or possessed under licence , otherwise prohibited drugs are known as controlled drugs . The aforementioned legislation is the cultural institution and social fact that de facto divides world drug trade as illegal vs legal , according to geopolitical issues . The United Nations has its own drug control programme , as part of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime ( UNODC ) , which was formerly called the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention ( ODCCP ) , and the Commission on Narcotic Drugs is the central drug policy-making body within the United Nations system . The International Narcotics Control Board ( INCB ) is an independent and quasi-judicial control organ for the implementation of the United Nations drug control conventions . It is important to note that there are several different sets of `` schedules '' , or lists , of controlled drugs . One is the INCB schedules ( four schedules numbered I-IV ) , while another is the United States ' Controlled Substances Act schedules of controlled substances ( five schedules , numbered I-V ) . Other countries also have different classifications and numbers of lists , such as those of the United Kingdom and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b468491eb41ecb52e5233990fa1afd84",
"text": "Data dissemination Data dissemination is the distribution or transmitting of statistical , or other , data to end users . There are many ways organisations can release data to the public , i.e. electronic format , CD-ROM and paper publications such as PDF files based on aggregated data . The most popular dissemination method today is the ` non-proprietary ' open systems using internet protocols . `` They are used in data dissemination through various communication infrastructures across any set of interconnected networks . '' Data is made available in common open formats . Some organisations choose to disseminate data using ` proprietary ' databases in order to protect their sovereignty and copyright of the data . Proprietary data dissemination requires a specific piece of software in order for end users to view the data . The data will not open in common open formats . The data is first converted into the propitiatory data format and specifically designed software is provided by the organisation to users . Dissemination formats and standards Under the Special Data Dissemination Standard , the formats are divided into two categories : `` hardcopy '' and `` electronic '' publications Some examples of Hardcopy publications : yearbook panorama of municipalities monthly review trends pocketbook periodical Some examples of electronic copy publications : CD Rom Webpage PDF Downloadable Databases for private use in 3rd party software applications Standards Standards have been developed in order to provide an internationally accepted statistical methodology for the dissemination of statistical data . The ` International Organization for Standardization ' ( ISO ) are one such international standard-setting body made up of representatives from various national standards organizations . They created the SDMX standard widely used around the world . SDMX stands for ` Statistical Data and Metadata Exchange ' . It is commonly used in national and international statistical and economic data sharing systems . This standard is for the exchange of essential social and economic statistics , for example between European national agencies and Eurostat and the European Central Bank . SDMX is used for the dissemination of multi-dimensional aggregated data . The Data Documentation Initiative ( DDI ) was created by the DDI Alliance . DDI is an open metadata specification and covers the full data life cycle from planning through to dissemination and archiving data . It is most popularly used for social statistics micro data but is not limited to this subject area . There are some examples online where these two standards are in use in proprietary data form . The following portals provide users with access to statistical data online from leading statistical agencies : Some examples of Propitiatory data dissemination online Public Transport Victoria Online Portal Health Workforce Australia Online Portal Cancer Council Victoria Online Portal Catholic Education Office Canberra Online Portal Department of Workplace and Pensions UK Online Portal Australian Bureau of Statistics Table builder Table Builder Online Portal King Faisal Specialist Hospital Research Centre Online Portal",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "064fe7e5e981b228d0dd0539e5da416a",
"text": "Abbreviated New Drug Application An Abbreviated New Drug Application ( ANDA ) is an application for a U.S. generic drug approval for an existing licensed medication or approved drug . The ANDA is submitted to FDA 's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research , Office of Generic Drugs , which provides for the review and ultimate approval of a generic drug product . Once approved , an applicant may manufacture and market the generic drug product to provide a safe , effective , low cost alternative to the American public . Electronic submissions of ANDAs have grown by 70 % since November 2008 . The Section IV challenge has been credited with suppressing new drug innovation . A generic drug product is one that is comparable to an innovator drug product in dosage form , strength , route of administration , quality , performance characteristics and intended use . All approved products , both innovator and generic , are listed in FDA 's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations ( Orange Book ) . Generic drug applications are termed `` abbreviated '' because ( in comparison with a New Drug Application ) they are generally not required to include preclinical ( animal and in vitro ) and clinical ( human ) trial data to establish safety and effectiveness . Instead , generic applicants must scientifically demonstrate that their product is bioequivalent ( i.e. , performs in the same manner as the innovator drug ) . One way scientists demonstrate bioequivalence is to measure the time it takes the generic drug to reach the bloodstream in 24 to 36 healthy volunteers . This gives them the rate of absorption , or bioavailability , of the generic drug , which they can then compare to that of the innovator drug . The generic version must deliver the same amount of active ingredients into a patient 's bloodstream in the same amount of time as the innovator drug . In cases of topically active drugs , the bioequivalence of a drug can be demonstrated by comparing drugs dissolution or transdermal drug absorption is compared with the innovator drug . In cases of systemically active drugs , active drug blood concentration of that drug is compared with the innovator drug . Using bioequivalence as the basis for approving generic copies of drug products was established by the Drug Price Competition and Patent Term Restoration Act of 1984 , also known as the Hatch-Waxman Act . This Act expedites the availability of less costly generic drugs by permitting FDA to approve applications to market generic versions of brand-name drugs without conducting costly and duplicative clinical trials . At the same time , the brand-name companies can apply for up to five additional years longer patent protection for the new medicines they developed to make up for time lost while their products were going through FDA 's approval process . Brand-name drugs are subject to the same bioequivalence tests as generics upon reformulation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ec6a7127832c896e586c7f6b7337b7c",
"text": "National Core for Neuroethics The National Core for Neuroethics at the University of British Columbia was established in August 2007 , with support from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research , the Institute of Mental Health and Addiction , the Canada Foundation for Innovation , the British Columbia Knowledge Development Fund , the Canada Research Chairs program , the UBC Brain Research Centre and the UBC Institute of Mental Health . Led by Judy Illes , the Core studies neuroethics , with particular focus on ethics in neurodegenerative disease and regenerative medicine , international and cross-cultural challenges in brain research , neuroimaging and ethics , the neuroethics of enhancement , and personalized medicine . The Core 's major research projects are focused on the use of drugs and devices for neuroenhancement , ethics in neurodegenerative disease and regenerative medicine research , brain research , neuroimaging in the private sector , and the ethics of personalized medicine , among others . Members of the Core also lead initiatives aside from their research projects . Considerable attention has been given to the Core by both the scholarly and non-academic media , with the Core featured in The New York Times , the Vancouver Sun , on the Canwest Global Newshour , and in the journal Science , amongst others . As an effort to engage the public in neuroethics discussion , the Core has recently started an online blog .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ab9dcc1ad2ffdfdf30a1be79c7159eb",
"text": "Medscape Medscape is a web resource for physicians and health professionals . It features peer-reviewed original medical journal articles , CME ( Continuing Medical Education ) , a customized version of the National Library of Medicine 's MEDLINE database , daily medical news , major conference coverage , and drug information -- including a drug database ( Medscape Drug Reference , or MDR ) and drug interaction checker . All content in Medscape is available free of charge for professionals and consumers alike , but registration is required .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1c3150777430c182790bab209dd0a53",
"text": "Dignitas International Dignitas International is a medical and research organization , which is dedicated to improving access to lifesaving treatment and care for HIV , TB and related diseases in resource-limited settings . Dignitas was founded by James Orbinski and James Fraser , both formerly with Médecins Sans Frontières ( MSF/Doctors Without Borders ) , with an underlying belief in human dignity . Dignitas works in partnership with patients , health workers , researchers and policymakers to tackle the barriers to health care in resource-limited communities . Dignitas emphasizes a balance between frontline care and research in order to treat patients , strengthen health systems and shape health policy and practice . Community-based care enables communities to overcome the lack of health care workers in regions overwhelmed by the AIDS pandemic . Dignitas 's work is based on the notion that by creating links between hospitals , health centres and communities , patients will have better access to with life-extending antiretroviral ( ARV ) therapies . Dignitas tries to develop and refine community-based approaches for HIV-related treatment and prevention so that the lessons learned can be disseminated to other parts of the developing world overwhelmed by AIDS . Dignitas also conducts research in collaboration with the University of Toronto and other partners to monitor and evaluate effectiveness , improve programming , and inform the work of other stakeholders . Since October 2004 , Dignitas has been working particularly in Zomba District , Malawi in partnership with the Malawi Ministry of Health , providing antiretroviral ( ARV ) therapy to thousands of children and adults in the country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4a215a732513b113b8edb87a55db295",
"text": "Improvement Science Research Network The Improvement Science Research Network ( ISRN ) ( Principal Investigator : Kathleen R. Stevens , EdD , MS , RN , ANEF , FAAN ) is a large-scale academic-practice based healthcare research network that was created to accelerate interprofessional improvement science across multiple healthcare sites . In October , 2009 , development of the ISRN was supported by the National Institutes of Health ( NIH ) through funds from the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act 's `` Grand Opportunities '' Program ( Principal Investigator/Director , Kathleen R. Stevens , EdD , MS , RN , ANEF , FAAN ) . The ISRN 's goal is to fill a national gap in improvement science through a sustained research network for testing system-focused improvement strategies in healthcare . To anchor its interprofessional focus , the ISRN is part of the Institute for Integration of Medicine and Science ( NIH Clinical and Translational Science Award ) at the University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio ( UTHSCSA ) and is housed in the UTHSCSA School of Nursing . The ISRN provides a national laboratory for investigators from across broad geographical range to study improvement , healthcare delivery systems , dissemination , implementation , translation , safety , and patient outcomes . The ISRN infrastructure supports virtual collaboration in the conduct of network studies through direct engagement of study partners and sites , network study principal investigators , and centralized support . Built upon lessons learned from practice-based research networks ( PBRNs ) , the ISRN is registered with the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality as an active PBRN .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "527a9f2eeb6505bb208d92e03cf4c054",
"text": "Collaborative governance Governance is a broader concept than government and also includes the roles played by the community sector and the private sector in managing and planning countries , regions and cities . Collaborative Governance involves the government , community and private sectors communicating with each other and working together to achieve more than any one sector could achieve on its own . Ansell and Gash ( 2008 ) have explored the conditions required for effective collaborative governance . They say `` The ultimate goal is to develop a contingency approach of collaboration that can highlight conditions under which collaborative governance will be more or less effective as an approach to policy making and public management '' Collaborative governance covers both the informal and formal relationships in problem solving and decision-making . Conventional government policy processes can be embedded in wider policy processes by facilitating collaboration between the public , private and community sectors . Collaborative Governance requires three things , namely : support ; leadership ; and a forum . The support identifies the policy problem to be fixed . The leadership gathers the sectors into a forum . Then , the members of the forum collaborate to develop policies , solutions and answers . There are many different forms of collaborative governance as such as Consensus Building and a Collaborative Network : Consensus Building -- `` A process where stakeholders build consensus on actions to address specific public policy problems ; Community visioning is a process where members of a community build consensus on a descriptions of the community 's desired future and on actions to help make goals for the future a reality . '' Collaborative Network -- `` This system is meant to accomplish more alignment among community needs , strategies of service agencies , priority outcomes , and resource allocation . It 's also meant to accomplish building social capital ; integration of human service delivery ; and interconnected strategies for relationship building , learning processes , and measurement and modeling among the participants . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34835899f696e6a068b2ea0e57b34c62",
"text": "Health informatics Health informatics ( also called health care informatics , healthcare informatics , medical informatics , nursing informatics , clinical informatics , or biomedical informatics ) is informatics in health care . It is a multidisciplinary field that uses health information technology ( HIT ) to improve health care via any combination of higher quality , higher efficiency ( spurring lower cost and thus greater availability ) , and new opportunities . The disciplines involved include information science , computer science , social science , behavioral science , management science , and others . The NLM defines health informatics as `` the interdisciplinary study of the design , development , adoption and application of IT-based innovations in healthcare services delivery , management and planning . '' It deals with the resources , devices , and methods required to optimize the acquisition , storage , retrieval , and use of information in health and biomedicine . Health informatics tools include amongst others computers , clinical guidelines , formal medical terminologies , and information and communication systems . It is applied to the areas of nursing , clinical medicine , dentistry , pharmacy , public health , occupational therapy , physical therapy , biomedical research , and alternative medicine . All of which are designed to improve the overall of effectiveness of patient care delivery by ensuring that the data generated is of a high quality e.g. an mHealth based early warning scorecard . The international standards on the subject are covered by ICS 35.240.80 in which ISO 27799:2008 is one of the core components . Molecular bioinformatics and clinical informatics have converged into the field of translational bioinformatics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6981206ca619eb0401fc1a168faf72b7",
"text": "Access to Medicine Index The Access to Medicine Index is an independent initiative that ranks the world 's 20 largest research-based pharmaceutical companies according to their efforts to improve access to medicine in 107 low - to middle-income countries . The Index assesses how companies are making their products more available , affordable , accessible and acceptable to patients in need . By comparing companies to one another , the Index aims to stimulate pharmaceutical companies to play a bigger part in addressing the challenges of access to medicine in developing countries and to offer them insight into the activities of their peers . Furthermore , the Access to Medicine Index seeks to create a platform for stakeholders from the pharmaceutical industry , governments , investors , civil society , patient organisations and academia to gather and form a common view of how these pharmaceutical companies can make further progress . The Access to Medicine Index is published every two years by the Access to Medicine Foundation , an international not-for-profit organisation dedicated to improving access to medicine for people in need . The organisation is based in Haarlem , The Netherlands and receives financial support from donors such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation , the UK Department for International Development ( DFID ) and the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
da12b59b6bfb29655f0407397c6d2a32 | Harley Quinn is a comic book character. | [
{
"docid": "ba6649c494370b73c45b1105c4b4aeff",
"text": "Batman Batman is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by artist Bob Kane and writer Bill Finger , and first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( 1939 ) . Originally named the `` Bat-Man '' , the character is also referred to by such epithets as the Caped Crusader , the Dark Knight , and the World 's Greatest Detective . Batman 's secret identity is Bruce Wayne , a wealthy American playboy , philanthropist , and owner of Wayne Enterprises . After witnessing the murder of his parents Dr. Thomas Wayne and Martha Wayne as a child , he swore vengeance against criminals , an oath tempered by a sense of justice . Bruce Wayne trains himself physically and intellectually and crafts a bat-inspired persona to fight crime . Batman operates in the fictional Gotham City with assistance from various supporting characters , including his butler Alfred , police commissioner Gordon , and vigilante allies such as Robin . Unlike most superheroes , Batman does not possess any superpowers ; rather , he relies on his genius intellect , physical prowess , martial arts abilities , detective skills , science and technology , vast wealth , intimidation , and indomitable will . A large assortment of villains make up Batman 's rogues gallery , including his archenemy , the Joker . The character became popular soon after his introduction in 1939 and gained his own comic book title , Batman , the following year . As the decades went on , differing interpretations of the character emerged . The late 1960s Batman television series used a camp aesthetic , which continued to be associated with the character for years after the show ended . Various creators worked to return the character to his dark roots , culminating in 1986 with The Dark Knight Returns by Frank Miller . The success of Warner Bros. ' live-action Batman feature films have helped maintain the public 's interest in the character . An American cultural icon , Batman has been licensed and adapted into a variety of media , from radio to television and film , and appears on various merchandise sold all over the world , such as toys and video games . The character has also intrigued psychiatrists , with many trying to understand the character 's psyche . In 2015 , FanSided ranked Batman as number one on their list of `` 50 Greatest Super Heroes In Comic Book History '' . Kevin Conroy , Bruce Greenwood , Peter Weller , Anthony Ruivivar , Jason O'Mara , and Will Arnett , among others , have provided the character 's voice for animated adaptations . Batman has been portrayed in both film and television by Lewis Wilson , Robert Lowery , Adam West , Michael Keaton , Val Kilmer , George Clooney , Christian Bale , and Ben Affleck .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "047b8b801470cbb62f5e74f16179eb95",
"text": "Harley Quinn Harley Quinn ( Harleen Frances Quinzel ) is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The character was created by Paul Dini and Bruce Timm , and first appeared in Batman : The Animated Series in September 1992 . She later appeared in DC Comics ' Batman comic books , with the character 's first comic book appearance in The Batman Adventures # 12 ( September 1993 ) . Harley Quinn is the frequent accomplice and lover of the Joker , whom she met while working as a psychiatric intern at Gotham City 's Arkham Asylum , where the Joker was a patient . Her name is a play on the name `` Harlequin '' , a character which originated in the commedia dell ` arte . The character was originally voiced by Arleen Sorkin in various tie-ins to the DC animated universe . Since then , she has also been voiced by Hynden Walch and Tara Strong in either DC Animated Showcases or in various video games . In the Birds of Prey television series , she was portrayed by actress Mia Sara . The character made her live-action cinematic debut in the 2016 film Suicide Squad , portrayed by Margot Robbie .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "fd83c9c0f48cf3ce95dab89af9fb990e",
"text": "The World's Greatest Super-Heroes The World 's Greatest Super-Heroes is the name to the oversized slipcased hardcover anthology collection , that reprinted six oversized graphic novels all created by artist Alex Ross and writer Paul Dini . Four graphic novels were originally published to celebrate the 60th anniversary of DC main characters : Superman , Batman , Captain Marvel and Wonder Woman , thus Superman : Peace on Earth were published in 1998 , Batman : War on Crime in 1999 , Shazam ! : Power of Hope in 2000 and finally Wonder Woman : Spirit of Truth in 2001 . Alex Ross original idea was make a statement about the four superhero comics archetypes : Science Fiction ( Superman ) , Crime/Mystery ( Batman ) , Magic ( Captain Marvel ) and Myth ( Wonder Woman ) . In the following year , DC Comics also published one extra book : JLA : Secret Origins . Not featuring any storyline whatsoever , it only presented the origins of the four main characters already published in the previous books and the origins of other Justice League characters : Green Lantern , Flash , Green Arrow , Black Canary , Martian Manhunter , Hawkman , Hawkgirl and Plastic Man . Every origin was present in two-pages layout based on Joe Shuster 's origin of Superman from Action Comics # 1 . The final book , published in 2003 , JLA : Liberty and Justice presented a full story featuring the entire group , the first time that Alex Ross was able to use all characters in the current timeline . The artwork is of Ross ' very own photorealism , and the books themselves were created after the success of Ross ' and writer Mark Waid 's famous Kingdom Come . The World 's Greatest Super-Heroes was released on August 1 , 2005 on dust-jacket slipcase hardcover edition ( 9.6 '' x 13 '' ) and got paperback reprint ( 8.2 '' x 11 '' ) on September 28 , 2010 . Both collected versions are smaller than the original Treasury Editions ( 10 '' x 13.5 '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37f7bcce42dad1d2e2eb7794def383fd",
"text": "Death (comics) Death , in comics , may refer to : Comic book death , the deaths of characters in comic books and the related entry : List of dead comic book characters The personification of death : Death ( DC Comics ) Death ( Marvel Comics ) Death , a member of the Horsemen of Apocalypse Other characters : Death Adder ( comics ) , a Marvel supervillain Death 's Head , a Marvel UK character Death 's - Head ( comics ) , a Marvel character and enemy of Daredevil Death Metal ( comics ) , a Marvel UK character Death Squad ( comics ) , a Marvel Comics team of supervillains Death-Stalker , a Marvel character Death Wreck , a Marvel character Doctor Death ( comics ) , a DC supervillain Black Death ( comics ) , a Marvel supervillain Lady Death Lady Deathstrike Storylines : The Death of Superman Death of Buffy ( Buffy comic )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a4994211af3096a392463c6bae114f4",
"text": "Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider . The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative . Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "703eb28127c3e92d714e7ff8837a5ee8",
"text": "Gladiatrix (comics) Gladiatrix ( Robin Braxton ) is a fictional heroine appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42ac586ee826cdf853d46056a85d48a2",
"text": "Dick Grayson Richard John `` Dick '' Grayson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics , commonly in association with Batman . Created by Bob Kane and Bill Finger and illustrator Jerry Robinson , he first appeared in Detective Comics # 38 in April 1940 as the original incarnation of Robin . In Tales of the Teen Titans # 44 ( July 1984 ) the character retires his role as Robin and assumes the superhero persona of Nightwing , created by Marv Wolfman and artist George Pérez . The youngest in a family of acrobats known as the `` Flying Graysons '' , Dick watches a mafia boss kill his parents in order to extort money from the circus that employed them . Batman ( Bruce Wayne ) takes him in as a legal ward ( retconned as an adopted son in some cases ) and the crime-fighting partner Robin . He is written by many authors as the first son of Batman . As well as being Batman 's crime-fighting partner , Dick establishes himself as the leader of the Teen Titans , a team of teenage superheroes . As a young man , he retires as Robin and takes on his own superhero identity to assert his independence , becoming Nightwing . As Nightwing , he continues to lead the Teen Titans and later the Outsiders . In the first volume of his eponymous series ( 1996 -- 2009 ) , he becomes the protector of Blüdhaven , Gotham 's economically troubled neighboring city , the locale the character is most closely associated with . He has also served stints protecting the streets of New York , Chicago and Gotham in other runs over the years . Dick Grayson has taken on the identity of Batman on a few occasions . Following `` Batman : Knightfall '' , Grayson declines taking up the mantle of Batman while the original was recovering from a broken back as he feels Nightwing is a hero in his own right and not Batman 's understudy , but after the events of the Zero Hour miniseries later that year , he replaces Bruce Wayne as Batman , beginning in Robin # 0 ( 1994 ) and extending throughout the Batman : Prodigal storyline in 1995 . Dick again assumes the mantle following the events of `` Batman R.I.P. '' ( 2008 ) and Final Crisis ( 2008 -- 9 ) . As Batman , Dick moves to Gotham City following his mentor 's apparent death and partners with the fifth Robin , Damian Wayne . On Bruce 's return , both men maintained the Batman identity until 2011 , when Dick returned to the Nightwing identity with DC 's The New 52 continuity reboot . In a 2014 comic story , Dick is forced to abandon the Nightwing identity after being unmasked on TV and faking his death , setting up Tim Seeley 's Grayson comic book , Dick becomes Agent 37 , Batman 's mole in the nefarious spy organization Spyral . Following the conclusion of the Grayson series , and the restoration of his secret identity in the series ' final issue , Dick returns to being Nightwing as part of the DC Rebirth relaunch in 2016 . Dick Grayson has appeared as Robin in several other media adaptations : the 1943 serial played by Douglas Croft , the 1949 serial played by Johnny Duncan , the 1966 -- 1968 live action Batman television series and its motion picture portrayed by Burt Ward , played by Chris O'Donnell in the 1995 film Batman Forever and its 1997 sequel Batman & Robin . Loren Lester voiced the character as Robin in Batman : The Animated Series and later as Nightwing 's first screen adaptation in The New Batman Adventures . In May 2011 , IGN ranked Dick Grayson # 11 on their list of the `` Top 100 Super Heroes of All Time '' . In 2013 , ComicsAlliance ranked Grayson as Nightwing as # 1 on their list of the `` 50 Sexiest Male Characters in Comics '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0363d7bafc65c170834b4fca89cb3584",
"text": "Action Comics Action Comics is an American comic book series that introduced Superman , one of the first major superhero characters as the term is popularly defined . The publisher was originally known as National Allied Publications , and later as National Comics Publications and as National Periodical Publications , before taking on its current name of DC Comics . Its original incarnation ran from 1938 to 2011 and stands as one of the longest-running comic books with consecutively numbered issues . A second volume of Action Comics with issue # 1 ran from 2011 to 2016 . Action Comics returned to its original numbering beginning with issue # 957 ( Aug. 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14a3b3fa803d19026f203886c5e6730a",
"text": "Hoggoth Hoggoth is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b8da7ae6398eaaceceeba1bc5d3bf6f",
"text": "List of Batman Family adversaries The Batman Family adversaries or the rogues gallery are a collective of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . These characters are depicted as adversaries of the superhero Batman and his allies . Since Batman first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( May 1939 ) , his supporting cast has expanded to include other superheroes , and has become what is now informally called the Batman Family . As with most superheroes , a cast of recurring enemies to the Batman Family have been introduced throughout the decades , collectively referred to as the rogues gallery . Many characters from Batman 's rogues gallery who are criminally insane become patients at Arkham Asylum after they are apprehended . The Batman Family 's rogues gallery has widely been well received , considered by many journalists to be one of the greatest superhero rogues galleries in all of comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8c98d6e410a567b648b3ac9f1089fd2",
"text": "Inferno (Dante Pertuz) Inferno ( Dante Pertuz ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619",
"text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499",
"text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a",
"text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a8ca574ece44e5e71890fe6736b6ea0",
"text": "List of comics characters which originated in other media This list is for original fictional characters created for adaptations of comic books in other forms of media ( television series , films , books , games and advertising ) . It includes characters like Firestar and X-23 that were later incorporated into mainstream comics . The category does not include preexisting characters from fiction ( books , film , television , etc. ) such as Dracula , Conan or Rima that were later incorporated into comics . Characters unique to certain movies and television programs such as Rachel Dawes and Max Shreck are not included on this list because they do not have counterparts in any mainstream comic book . DC Comics : Nora Fries Gleek ( Super Friends ) Ethan Bennett Mercy Graves Gray Ghost ( fictional character ) Inspector William Henderson Isis ( DC Comics ) Inque King Tut ( Batman ) Livewire ( DC Comics ) Lock-Up ( comics ) Lionel Luthor Batman ( Terry McGinnis ) Renee Montoya Más y Menos Non ( DC Comics ) Jimmy Olsen Harley Quinn Roxy Rocket Samurai ( Super Friends ) Chloe Sullivan Ursa ( comics ) Wendy and Marvin Kristin Wells Perry White Wonder Twins Cinderblock ( comics ) John Diggle ( Arrow ) Marvel Comics : Firestar Lightwave Ms. Lion H.E.R.B.I.E. Hypnotia Iceberg Icemaster Spyke Abraham Whistler X-23 Phil Coulson Erik Selvig Melinda May Leo Fitz Jemma Simmons Antoine Triplett Anna Jarvis Other publishers : Cammy Jessica Priest Launchpad McQuack",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df6c32d32acd25ab2418ed5836f07b7d",
"text": "Scarlet Witch Scarlet Witch ( Wanda Maximoff ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character first appeared in X-Men # 4 ( March 1964 ) and was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby . The character has since starred in two self-titled limited series with husband the Vision , and has historically been depicted as a regular team member in superhero title The Avengers . Scarlet Witch has the superhuman ability to alter reality in unspecific ways . In most depictions , she is a mutant , a human born with natural superhuman powers . Originally revealed to be the daughter of the Golden Age superhero Whizzer , it was later established she and her twin brother Quicksilver were the children of X-Men villain Magneto , and the half-siblings of his daughter Polaris . This parentage was their status quo until 2014 , when a further retcon revealed that she and Quicksilver were in fact non-mutants who had been kidnapped and experimented on by the High Evolutionary , and then misled to believe that Magneto was their father . The character was ranked 97th in Wizard 's `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , 12th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' , and 14th in Comics Buyer 's Guide 's `` 100 Sexiest Women in Comics '' list . The character has appeared in other Marvel-endorsed products such as animated films ; arcade and video games ; television series and merchandise such as action figures and trading cards . Elizabeth Olsen portrays Scarlet Witch in the Marvel Cinematic Universe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "798279cdc21d0b7ff3d39d251ab23bc9",
"text": "Cat Bauer Catherine `` Cat '' Bauer ( born July 27 , 1955 in Greenville , South Carolina ) is the award-winning author of contemporary novels featuring the young protagonist , Harley Columba , and is known for her unique and honest voice . Publishers Weekly said , `` Bauer creates a witty and resilient narrator in ... Harley Columba ... Readers will be rooting for this sympathetic heroine . '' In the Thomson Gale biography , the authors noted that : `` Readers and reviewers often found the strength of Bauer 's novel in the authentic voice of its heroine , Harley . Patricia Morrow , for example , in Voice of Youth Advocates ( VOYA ) , remarked that ` Harley 's voice is true to the experience of many young people , ' and that ` Although the outcomes are not unexpected , they do not follow any formulas . ' '' Bauer is the oldest of five children . She was born on an Air Force Base where her father was stationed in Greenville , South Carolina . According to family lore , she was struck by ball lightning while sleeping in her bassinet during a thunderstorm . She spent the first five years of her life in Kearney , New Jersey in the same three-family house as her paternal grandparents , and her summers at the Bauer family property on Bodin Lake in Upstate New York . Her grandfather was the foreman of Kearfott , where her father was also an engineer . When she was nearly five years old , her grandparents relocated to Montreat , North Carolina , while her immediate family moved to Pompton Lakes , New Jersey , a small , suburban town in North Jersey which Bauer has fictionalized in her novels as `` Lenape Lakes '' -- `` only forty-five minutes outside of New York City , if there 's no traffic , although it may as well be four zillion light-years away since no one from here ever goes there . '' Bauer learned to read and use the slide rule before she went to kindergarten , and began writing books at the age of six . She showed musical ability at a young age , and played the clarinet , piano , violin and guitar , and was also active in the theater . Bauer graduated with honors from Pompton Lakes High School in 1973 . After a brief marriage to her high school sweetheart , she moved to the West Village in New York City , and studied acting with Stella Adler and the National Shakespeare Conservatory . She later moved to Los Angeles , California to pursue an acting career , and was active in the LA theater scene as both an actress and a playwright , co-authoring and performing in the cult hit , `` Peacocks . '' She was a close friend and student of the late Don Richardson , whose former students also included Grace Kelly and Anne Bancroft . Bauer assisted Mr. Richardson with his book `` Acting Without Agony , '' and it was in his workshop that she met her future husband , television director , James Quinn , noted for one-hour episode shows such as Law & Order . During this period , Bauer lived in the hills of Los Feliz . In July , 1993 , Sassy published her first short story , Run Away , which was the inspiration for her first novel , Harley , Like a Person . Under the working title of `` Zee , '' that effort was the recipient of the very first Sue Alexander Most Promising New Work Award given by the Society of Children 's Book Writers and Illustrators ( SCBWI ) . Selected from manuscripts submitted for individual critique at the SCBWI Annual Conference in Los Angeles , the award is given to the manuscript deemed most promising for publication . Another in the list of `` firsts , '' Bauer 's winning entry was critiqued by Walter Dean Myers , the first-ever Michael L. Printz Award winner , a prize which recognizes excellence in young adult literature . Bauer later changed the title of her first novel to Harley , Like a Person , which was originally published in 2000 by Winslow Press , a boutique publisher that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2002 . John Lennon 's life and work were major influences on Bauer , and her novels are peppered with references to the former Beatle . For example , Harley Columba was born on the anniversary of John Lennon 's death , December 8 , while her parents were attending a memorial concert in his honor . In 2004 , Holly Bolstad of White Bear Lake , Minnesota , won her state Level I Letters About Literature competition , a national reading-writing contest sponsored by the Center for the Book in the Library of Congress , together with Target Stores , by writing to Cat Bauer about how Harley , Like a Person had affected her life . To enter , readers write a personal letter to an author , living or dead , from any genre -- fiction or nonfiction , contemporary or classic , explaining how that author 's work changed the student 's way of thinking about the world or themselves . In April 1998 , Bauer moved to Venice , Italy , where she lives today on the Grand Canal . She is presently divorced . Bauer was also a regular contributor to International Herald Tribune 's Italian supplement , Italy Daily , writing about the art , culture and architecture of Venice . Her popular blog , Venetian Cat - Venice Blog has been featured in the Financial Times Arts & Weekend Magazine . On May 27 , 2004 the Honorable Prudence Carter Beatty signed an Order reverting all rights to Harley , Like a Person to Bauer . That book was republished in a slightly different form in 2007 by Alfred A. Knopf , a division of Random House , Inc. , New York , together with a companion novel entitled , Harley 's Ninth , which takes place all on one day , October 9 , John Lennon 's birthday . AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS for HARLEY , LIKE A PERSON Booklist Top Ten Youth First Novel American Library Association Best Books for Young Adults Two-time Winner American Library Association YALSA Popular Paperback for Young Adults American Library Association YALSA Quick Pick New York Public Library Book for the Teen Age Bookreporter Top Ten Teen First Novel Book of the Year - First Place YA Fiction - ForeWord Magazine Oregon Young Adult Network Book Rave BookSense 76 Pick teenreads.com Top 10 Teen Book Teen People Book Club Selection CosmoGirl Book Club Selection Selected Adoption-Related Book No . American Council on Adoptable Children Awareness Guide Winner - SCBWI Sue Alexander Most Promising New Work Award Novels Harley , Like a Person Harley 's Ninth Collections Sixteen - Stories About that Sweet and Bitter Birthday , edited by Megan McCafferty Lines in the Sand , New Writing on War and Peace Time Out Venice : Verona , Treviso and the Veneto Time Out Guides",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a71ff14710d8dc502e457378a4ddf76",
"text": "Superpower (ability) Superpower is a popular culture term for a fictional superhuman ability , most commonly used in the American comic book genre . When a character possesses multiple such abilities , the terms super powers or simply powers are used . It is most frequently used in pulp magazines , comic books , science fiction , television programs , and film as the key attribute of a superhero . The concept originated in American comic books and pulp magazines of the 1930s and 1940s , and has gradually worked its way into other genres and media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "acf64dd80cc9697de0e1f5c74c47621d",
"text": "Zatanna Zatanna Zatara is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published DC Comics . The character was created by Julius Schwartz , Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson , and first appeared in Hawkman # 4 ( November 1964 ) . Zatanna is both a stage magician and an actual magician , like her father Giovanni `` John '' Zatara . As such she has many of her father 's powers relating to magic , typically controlled by speaking the words of her incantations spelled backwards . She is known for her involvement with the Justice League , her retconned childhood association with Batman , and her crossing of the Vertigo line with characters such as romantic partner John Constantine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53341abcf654b9bdc7c0523fb8f99c21",
"text": "Erotic comics Erotic comics are adult comics which focus substantially on nudity and sexual activity , either for their own sake or as a major story element . As such they are usually not permitted to be sold to legal minors . Like other genres of comics , they can consist of single panels , short comic strips , comic books , or graphic novels/albums . Although never a mainstream genre , they have existed as a niche alongside -- but usually separate from -- other genres of comics . During the mid-twentieth century , most comics were produced for children , and in North America the contents of most comics were constrained by the Comics Code Authority to be suitable for children . Consequently erotic comics have sometimes been subject to criticism and extra scrutiny compared to other forms of erotic art and storytelling . Additionally , the application of laws against child pornography to materials featuring fictional characters with no legal ages , have varied internationally .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49d71e56ee525f9320f5fe91547d54c6",
"text": "Leila Davis Leila Davis is a fictional character , a supervillain and later costumed hero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . She first went by Hardshell and later as the second version of Beetle . She was primarily an enemy of Spider-Man .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
eca55b7a58179d22c163ff4500e5eac2 | Cage Warriors staged an MMA event for the first time. | [
{
"docid": "94a148bab1c6944e1427be952b666911",
"text": "Cage Warriors Cage Warriors Fighting Championship or CWFC is a mixed martial arts promotion , based in London . Cage Warriors was established in 2001 and staged its first MMA event in London in July , 2002 . Currently it has scheduled events in Chechnya , Baghdad and Beirut . Many of the biggest stars in MMA have made their names under the Cage Warriors banner , including Gegard Mousasi , Conor McGregor and Michael Bisping . CWFC are one of the few top promotions to take their events abroad , travelling throughout countries in Europe , North America and the Middle East . CWFC staged 26 events across 12 different countries in 2012 and 2013 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "72c96c323bb7e41f934106ef522781a2",
"text": "UFC 10 UFC 10 : The Tournament was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) on July 12 , 1996 , at the Fairgrounds Arena in Birmingham , Alabama . The event was seen live on pay per view in the United States , and later released on home video . A fictional UFC 10 , staged at the Grand Olympic Auditorium , is featured during one scene in the film Virtuosity , including an appearance from fighter Ken Shamrock .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98b29769dcaf0af415075a41c802d260",
"text": "1999 in King of the Cage The year 1999 is the 1st year in the history of King of the Cage , a mixed martial arts promotion based in The United States . In 1999 King of the Cage held 1 event , KOTC 1 : Bas Rutten 's King of the Cage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0403d198f87f913d622115f16c2ee574",
"text": "UFC 172 UFC 172 : Jones vs. Teixeira was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on April 26 , 2014 , at the Baltimore Arena in Baltimore , Maryland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15cfdc058e59239f9fe83298f11b4d03",
"text": "2005 in UFC The year 2005 is the 13th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 the UFC held 10 events beginning with , UFC 51 : Super Saturday . The reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter and the UFC Ultimate Fight Night both premiered on Spike TV . The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale was the first ever live UFC broadcast on non-pay-per-view television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83cee4e19f2c395a312db33b1428fd64",
"text": "K-1 Premium Dynamite!! K-1 PREMIUM Dynamite !! ( or Dynamite !! ) is an annual kickboxing and mixed martial arts event held in Japan by the Fighting and Entertainment Group . It began as a co-production between PRIDE Fighting Championships and K-1 held on August 28 , 2002 . The event was called K-1 Dynamite ! by K-1 and PRIDE Shockwave by PRIDE Fighting Championships ' , though in Japan it was simply called Dynamite ! . The live audience totaled 91,108 people , and is the largest on record for either organization or any professional fighting event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e69fa27122ad5e2722691c560d991eac",
"text": "2002 in UFC The year 2002 is the 10th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2002 the UFC held 7 events beginning with , UFC 35 : Throwdown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "193f369def59ae9af707ecde1cbe14ec",
"text": "EliteXC: Uprising EliteXC : Uprising was a mixed martial arts event promoted by EliteXC and co-promoted by Icon Sport and Rumble World Entertainment . The event took place on Saturday , September 15 , 2007 at the Neal S. Blaisdell Arena in Oahu , Hawaii .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3621ec42afa1db0287417f5a25334637",
"text": "2012 in mixed martial arts events The year 2012 has seen champions retain their belt , new champions crowned and new promotions begin their campaigns . As of March 30 , 2012 , the Ultimate Fighting Championship has held seven events with another fourteen so far reported to be held throughout the rest of the year . Bellator Fighting Championship began its sixth season containing tournaments in five different weight classes . A new Indian promotion , Super Fight League , arrived on the scene in 2012 with seven events scheduled throughout the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85f66c6f77b54389eedc3b82f0453bdb",
"text": "2005 in WEC The year 2005 is the 5th year in the history of World Extreme Cagefighting , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 WEC held 5 events beginning with , WEC 13 : Heavyweight Explosion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1da21091db68c3bcc5df973ff78bd736",
"text": "UFC Ultimate Fight Night UFC Ultimate Fight Night ( also known as UFC Fight Night 1 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on August 6 , 2005 . The event took place at University of Nevada 's Cox Pavilion , Las Vegas , Nevada and was broadcast live on Spike TV in the United States and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a315b9acd96bba8f80922403e05d97",
"text": "Phoenix Championship Wrestling Phoenix Championship Wrestling was a short-lived American independent professional wrestling promotion based in Toms River , New Jersey . It was founded by twin brothers Don and Mike Bucci in 2001 and promoted by Don Bucci until its close two years later . The promotion enjoyed a high degree of success during its existence and was home to many independent wrestlers in the Jersey Shore and Mid-Atlantic region later signed to both Total Non-Stop Action and World Wrestling Entertainment . Stars from both promotions made appearances for PCW such as TNA 's Alexis Laree , Frankie Kazarian , Amazing Red and The S.A.T. ( Jose and Joel Maximo ) . The Wall and the Harris Brothers were also signed to TNA while competing for the promotion . From the World Wrestling Federation included former and then current superstars such as Jimmy Snuka , Gillberg , Gangrel , Eddie Guerrero and Three Minute Warning ( Rosey and Jamal ) . A number of WWE developmental wrestlers from Ohio Valley Wrestling spent time in the promotion including Kara Drew , Charlie Haas , Mike Kruel , Tank Toland and The Basham Brothers ( Doug and Danny Basham ) . Mike Bucci , a mainstay of Extreme Championship Wrestling , was also able to bring in many of its stars prior to and following the promotion 's close in 2001 . Among these included Prodigy , Chris Chetti , Little Guido , Jerry Lynn , Crowbar , Steve Corino , Julio Dinero , Chris Hamrick , Tommy Dreamer , Raven , Joey Matthews & Christian York and the `` heel '' stable Triple Threat ( `` Franchise '' Shane Douglas , Chris Candido and Bam Bam Bigelow ) . Both Bucci and Prodigy would win titles in the promotion , Prodigy being the first PCW Television Champion . Despite the fierce competitive environment among independent Mid-Atlantic promotions , the smaller PCW had working relationships with several of its rivals allowing appearances by Nicky Benz and Ric Blade from Combat Zone Wrestling , and Michael Shane , `` Fallen Angel '' Christopher Daniels and Samoa Joe from Ring of Honor . PCW also featured many established independent wrestlers , not only in the Jersey Shore and Mid-Atlantic region , but from throughout the United States and Canada . The mix of wrestlers would occasionally result in unofficial interpromotional matches that would not normally be seen in mainstream companies . The promotion also had a weekly Public-access television cable TV series , Fire Bird TV , and many of its supercards and televised events were later released on VHS/DVD by Smart Mark Video and RF Video .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e3ac4979af93091f5491342f62476db",
"text": "UFC 49 UFC 49 : Unfinished Business was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on August 21 , 2004 , at the MGM Grand Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada . The event was broadcast live on pay-per-view in the United States , and later released on DVD .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a008be36a9ed3b247adef7fdc4d82297",
"text": "World Combat Games The World Combat Games are an international multi-sport event featuring combat sports and martial arts . Fifteen Olympic and non-Olympic sports are currently on the programme : aikido , boxing , fencing , judo , ju-jitsu , karate , kendo , kickboxing , Muay Thai , sambo , savate , sumo , taekwondo , wrestling and wushu . The World Combat Games were initiated by SportAccord , the umbrella organisation for international sports federations and organizers of sports events , in order to bring these sports closer to a worldwide public . The World Combat Games are accompanied by a cultural program that reflects the ancient traditions and values of martial arts as well as their contribution to modern society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72df738c9baa5a8324f7a2093f4f6d84",
"text": "Victor Cui Victor Cui is the CEO / Owner of ONE Championship ( ONE ) , a mixed martial arts organization based in Singapore which is widely regarded as being the biggest in Asia and has some of the best MMA fighters in the world on the roster including Shinya Aoki , Bibiano Fernandes , Masakatsu Ueda , Melvin Manhoef and Tatsuya Kawajiri . Before setting up ONE in 2011 Cui had nearly 15 years of experience in the sports media industry and was also the man behind Martial Combat , a promotion which ran two shows per month at Resorts World Sentosa from May to October in 2010 . Cui has previously worked as a senior executive at ESPN Star Sports and the PGA Tour and has also been involved in X Games , Olympics Games , Commonwealth Games , and many other sporting events . The first ONE show , ONE Fighting Championship : Champion vs. Champion , took place at the 12,000 capacity Singapore Indoor Stadium on 3 September 2011 and featured Phil Baroni , Yoshiyuki Yoshida , Gregor Gracie , and Eduard Folayang . According to Cui everyone , including his wife , told him to use a smaller venue but he was determined to prove them wrong . Since then the Singapore based promotion has held sold out events in Kuala Lumpur , Jakarta , Manila , and Singapore , secured a ten-year TV deal with ESPN Star Sports and signed well known fighters including Rolles Gracie , Masakatsu Ueda , Renato Sobral , Andrei Arlovski , Roger Huerta and Tim Sylvia . Cui has repeatedly been described as ` The most powerful man in Asian MMA ' due to ONE 's rapid success and his relationship with other key players in the industry . He was one of only five candidates to be nominated for ` Leading Man of the Year ' the 2012 World MMA Awards and the only representative of an Asian promotion on this shortlist . Cui 's family is originally from Cebu and he was a major awardee at the 31st SAC-SMC Cebu Sports Awards on March 17 , 2013 for his work in turning ONE into the biggest MMA organization in Asia and showcasing Filipino fighters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9aaaf599bee6e6d6a1f56fed0588833",
"text": "Jewels 5th Ring Jewels 5th Ring was a mixed martial arts ( MMA ) event held by MMA promotion Jewels . The event took place on at Shinjuku Face in Kabukicho , Tokyo , Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "983b684398ed33c5536160f6433a7356",
"text": "World Series of Fighting 1: Central America World Series of Fighting 1 : Central America was a mixed martial arts event held on in Managua , Managua , Nicaragua .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9653966b79f4045a2446be42dcbf38eb",
"text": "UFC Fight Night 6 UFC Fight Night : Sanchez vs. Parisyan ( also known as UFC Fight Night 6 ) was a mixed martial arts event held by the Ultimate Fighting Championship on August 17 , 2006 . The event took place at the Red Rock Resort Spa and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada , and was broadcast live on Spike TV in the United States and Canada . It acted as a lead-in to the season four premiere of The Ultimate Fighter . The two-hour broadcast of UFC Fight Night 6 on Spike TV drew a 1.5 overall rating . The main event of the evening -- a welterweight bout between The Ultimate Fighter superstar Diego Sanchez and former title contender Karo Parisyan -- was given heightened interest , as the winner of the bout was rumored to designate the next challenger for the UFC welterweight championship . The disclosed fighter payroll for this event was $ 173,500 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c05b7511a208aa9ba38c5933a7b372b0",
"text": "List of WEC events This is a list of is of mixed martial arts events held by World Extreme Cagefighting . The first event , WEC 1 , took place on June 30 , 2001 . The first event held under Zuffa management , WEC 25 , took place on January 20 , 2007 . The final event , WEC 53 , took place on December 16 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e78ad6bafe1bfbe696341e4be6e8adf",
"text": "Kunlun Fight Kunlun Fight ( Chinese : 昆仑决 ; pinyin : Kūnlún Jué ) , is a Chinese kickboxing promotion developed by Kunsun Media . Kunlun Fight debuted in 2014 and is regarded as one of the top kickboxing promotions in the world . The first event was held in Pattaya , Thailand on January 25 , 2014 . The promotion has since kept on a steady pace of events and in 2015 alone held over 20 events . Kunlun Fight is broadcast in mainland China on Jiangsu Television and on HKSTV in Hong Kong and Taiwan . In 2017 Kunlun Fight MMA began to broadcast monthly on CCTV-5 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3169333e9b1bd23780b5586dbda67388",
"text": "Jewels 4th Ring Jewels 4th Ring was a mixed martial arts ( MMA ) event hosted by promotion Jewels . The event took place on at Shin-Kiba 1st Ring in Koto , Tokyo , Japan .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2d823e83a4d431f733d851fdfd1662fa | The Girl on the Train is a statue in Manhattan. | [
{
"docid": "69423f5ac4c1ca317d2dee4520d122a4",
"text": "The Girl on the Train (2016 film) The Girl on the Train is a 2016 American mystery thriller drama film directed by Tate Taylor and written by Erin Cressida Wilson , based on Paula Hawkins ' 2015 debut novel of the same name . The film stars Emily Blunt , Rebecca Ferguson , Haley Bennett , Justin Theroux , Luke Evans , Allison Janney , Édgar Ramírez , and Lisa Kudrow , and follows an alcoholic divorcée who becomes involved in a missing persons investigation . Principal photography began on November 4 , 2015 in New York City . Produced by Marc Platt and DreamWorks Pictures , The Girl on the Train was the first DreamWorks Pictures film to be distributed by Universal Pictures , as part of DreamWorks ' new distribution deal via Amblin Partners . It premiered in London on September 20 , 2016 and was theatrically released in the United States on October 7 , 2016 . The film grossed $ 173 million worldwide , and received mixed reviews , although Blunt 's performance received praise and gained a nomination at the 23rd Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as a nomination for BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role at the 70th British Academy Film Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d22056ed57a1b48d9dde95888c62dc8a",
"text": "Home Insurance Plaza Home Insurance Plaza is a 630 ft tall skyscraper in New York City , New York . It was completed in 1966 and has 44 floors . Alfred Easton Poor designed the building , which is the 61st tallest in New York . The building 's plaza had a redevelopment in 1987 by Kohn Pedersen Fox . The plaza is the home of `` Liberty , '' a 75 x 50 foot mural by Julie Harvey ( artist ) . Simple in its concept , it illustrates that New York 's present was built upon the foundations its forefathers placed many years ago . The Statue of Liberty is reflected in the mirrored facade of a skyscraper . Early 19th century New York emerges revealing the cobblestone streets , horses and carriages , gentlemen with top hats , and ships in the seaport . Ms. Harvey has also included the old shipping barrels , lamp posts and even pigs that ran freely around Lower Manhattan . The Liberty Mural was presented to the community as a visual expression of the foundations on which New York was established .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0285c0989af12ffcdb6b7dd5f5c89a6f",
"text": "Statue of Responsibility The Statue of Responsibility is a proposed structure to be built on the West Coast of the United States . The prototype , sculpted by project artist Gary Lee Price , consists of a pair of clasped hands oriented vertically , symbolizing the Special : Search/responsibility that comes with liberty . The original idea of a Statue of Responsibility was the vision of Dr. Viktor E. Frankl , a Holocaust survivor who went on to publish the best-seller Man 's Search for Meaning , which today is considered to be among the top 10 most influential books in the U.S. . In this work published in 1946 , Frankl stated that : The realization of this vision started when Frankl met Dr. Stephen R. Covey , educator , businessman , and bestselling author of the The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People . They decided it was time to move past conversation . Covey contacted world-renowned sculptor Gary Lee Price and asked him to sculpt the concept of the Statue of Responsibility . Gary , an award-winning sculptor and Fellow of the National Sculpture Society , envisioned a statue depicting a hand reaching up for help with another hand reaching down in a clasping position . The hands are symbolic of Responsibility : in different times of our lives we are the hand reaching up for help or the hand reaching down to lift others . Covey loved the concept but wished to know whether it met the approval of Frankl . Unfortunately , Frankl had already died at this time ( 1997 ) , but his widow , Dr. Eleonore ( Elly ) Frankl , was living in Vienna , Austria . In 2004 , a select group of representatives of the Statue of Responsibility Foundation , including Gary Lee Price , flew to Vienna to meet with Frankl 's widow and seek approval . When Gary unveiled the sculpture that depicts the two hands clasped together , Elly could not contain her emotions . It was everything Frankl would have hoped , and more . She brought Gary and the others to Frankl 's study to show them one of Viktor 's most prized possessions . In a niche amidst his massive library stood a single sculpture , a bust Viktor called `` The Suffering Man '' , which depicted a man reaching towards the heavens in obvious agony . Elly described how Frankl had found this sculpture just after leaving the death camps of World War II ; he did n't have enough money to buy it at the time so he put it on layaway . She said that Viktor would often use this bust as a metaphor for responsibility , asking , `` Where is the hand reaching down to help this man ? '' She then stated , indicating the sculpture presented to her by Gary , `` You my American friend have brought me the answer to my husband 's question . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a344c232bf9090ad9e64c5a8322d50f",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln (Brown) Abraham Lincoln is an outdoor bronze sculpture of Abraham Lincoln by Henry Kirke Brown , located at Union Square in Manhattan , New York . Cast in 1870 and dedicated on September 16 of that year , the statue was originally installed at the southwest corner of Union Square , where the sculpture of Mahatma Gandhi stands today . In 1875 , a stone and bronze rail fence was constructed around the statue of Lincoln ; the fence included an inscription of text from his second inaugural address , `` ... with malice toward none ; charity toward all . '' During the 1930 redesign of Union Square Park , the statue was moved to its current location , but the fence remained . The statue is in axial alignment with the Independence Flagstaff and George Washington . It was conserved in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "079c72feaa9a6192f334319bba50cd3d",
"text": "Metropolitan Savings Bank Building The Metropolitan Savings Bank Building opened on May 22 , 1867 at the northeast corner of Third Avenue ( Manhattan ) -- now Cooper Square -- and East 7th Street , in New York City . The building , which was designed by architect Carl Pfeiffer in Second Empire style , is four stories high , 45 ft wide and 75 ft deep , and was considered at the time it opened to be one of the most finely constructed edifices , `` from garret to basement . '' Its facades were composed of white marble , with the upper floor being enclosed by a mansard roof . The building was fireproof , as no combustible materials were used during construction , either internally or externally . The entire cost of the structure was $ 150,000 . The building was designated a New York City Landmark in 1969 , and was added to the National Register of Historic Place in 1979 . It has an alternate address of 61 Cooper Square .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ec224c3fd7745b5366d884061708c13",
"text": "110th Street (disambiguation) 110th Street is a major east-west street in Manhattan , New York City . 110th Street may also refer to the following subway stations on the aforementioned street : Cathedral Parkway -- 110th Street ( IRT Broadway -- Seventh Avenue Line ) , serving the train Cathedral Parkway -- 110th Street ( IND Eighth Avenue Line ) , serving the trains Central Park North -- 110th Street ( IRT Lenox Avenue Line ) , serving the trains 110th Street ( IRT Lexington Avenue Line ) , serving the trains 110th Street ( IRT Ninth Avenue Line ) , former station",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67efa4b8f6824a08c11ccbcd83fda050",
"text": "Westchester Avenue (NYW&B station) Westchester Avenue is a former railroad station located in the borough of the Bronx in New York City , partially suspended over Amtrak 's busy Northeast Corridor line . It was built in 1908 with rich terra cotta detailing to a design by Cass Gilbert , who would later employ similar terra cotta detailing in his 1910 design for the Woolworth Building . Train service to the station ceased in 1937 , and as of 2014 the station was a ruin in poor condition . The Westchester Avenue station is located just to the southeast of the intersection of Westchester Avenue and the Sheridan Expressway , in the Morrisania section of the South Bronx . The Bronx River is a short distance to the east . The structure consists of a taller entry hall portion that stands on solid ground immediately to the west of the tracks , and a shorter waiting room section that is suspended over the tracks on metal beams . Formerly , this section had staircases that led down to low platforms at track level , but these were removed long ago . The entry hall portion has colorful glazed architectural terra cotta ornamentation , including a caduceus near the eaves , topped with the letters NYH . Though this seems to refer to the New York , New Haven and Hartford Railroad , the original builder of the station , the caduceus was also the symbol of the New York , Westchester and Boston Railroad , a local commuter railroad that also served the station .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "906d0176c87aa677091b7d5654b84fc4",
"text": "Our Lady of Victory Church (Manhattan) __ NOTOC __ The Church of Our Lady of Victory , also known as the War Memorial Church , is a Roman Catholic parish church in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York , located at 60 William Street on the northeast corner of William Street and Pine Street in the Financial District of Manhattan , New York City . It was established in 1944 , during World War II , by Francis Cardinal Spellman , Archbishop of New York and Apostolic Vicar for the U.S. Armed Forces from December 11 , 1939 to December 2 , 1967 , at a time when `` victory in the war was in sight but not yet assured . '' A quote from Cardinal Spellman greets worshipers at the front door : `` This Holy Shrine is dedicated to Our Lady of Victory in Thanksgiving for Victory won by our valiant dead , our soldier 's blood , our country 's tears , shed to defend men 's rights and win back men 's hearts to God . '' A Soldier 's Shrine is in the lower chapel , and the Teresa Benedicta Auschwitz Memorial in the lobby commemorates a victim of the Holocaust . A 9-11 Remembrance Book is displayed . Today , the church primarily serves as a place for daytime worship , rather than as a neighborhood church .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1eea1fd605aaf2175867ea00a8a8e148",
"text": "Metropolitan Correctional Center, New York The Metropolitan Correctional Center , New York ( MCC New York ) is a United States federal administrative prison in Manhattan , New York which holds male and female prisoners of all security levels . It is operated by the Federal Bureau of Prisons , a division of the United States Department of Justice . Most prisoners held at MCC New York have pending cases in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York . MCC New York also holds prisoners serving brief sentences . The Los Angeles Times stated that the prison is often referred to as the `` Guantanamo of New York '' , and The New York Times stated that its administrative segregation units had severe security measures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64c8cf5aa9168de07defb97adeabf15c",
"text": "Penn Station Access Penn Station Access is a public works project proposed by the Metropolitan Transportation Authority in New York City . The goal of the project is to allow Metro-North Railroad commuter trains to access Penn Station on Manhattan 's West Side , using existing trackage owned by Amtrak . Metro North trains currently terminate exclusively at Grand Central on Manhattan 's East Side . The project would complement the ongoing East Side Access project , and would commence in two separate phases . The first phase would add four new stations on the Northeast Corridor line in the Bronx and route some New Haven Line trains to Penn Station , while the second phase would add two more stations on Manhattan 's West Side on the Empire Connection , which would be served by the Hudson Line .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f42a20687a42cc85286bad3059eaae92",
"text": "42nd Street Shuttle The 42nd Street Shuttle is a New York City Subway shuttle train service that operates in Manhattan . Part of a former Interborough Rapid Transit Company ( IRT ) line , it is sometimes referred to as the Grand Central/Times Square Shuttle , since these are the only two stations served by the shuttle . It runs at all times except late nights , connecting Times Square to Grand Central under 42nd Street . It is the shortest regular service in the system , running about 2700 ft in under two minutes . The 42nd Street Shuttle is part of the A Division of New York City Transit , and the tracks that it uses opened in 1904 as part of the first subway in the city . In order to distinguish it from the other shuttles in the system , NYCT Rapid Transit Operations internally refers to it as the 0 ( zero ) . Its route bullet is colored on route signs , station signs , and rolling stock with the letter `` S '' on the official subway map .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dd897f956619ae765b8dfce3e43ee3c",
"text": "Manhattan Transfer (novel) Manhattan Transfer is an American novel by John Dos Passos published in 1925 . It focuses on the development of urban life in New York City from the Gilded Age to the Jazz Age as told through a series of overlapping individual stories . It is considered to be one of Dos Passos ' most important works . The book attacks the consumerism and social indifference of contemporary urban life , portraying a Manhattan that is merciless yet teeming with energy and restlessness . The book shows some of Dos Passos ' experimental writing techniques and narrative collages that would become more pronounced in his U.S.A. trilogy and other later works . The technique in Manhattan Transfer was inspired in part by James Joyce 's Ulysses ( 1922 ) , T. S. Eliot 's The Waste Land , and experiments with film collage by Soviet director Sergei Eisenstein . Sinclair Lewis described it as `` a novel of the very first importance ... The dawn of a whole new school of writing . '' D. H. Lawrence called it `` the best modern book about New York '' he had ever read , describing it as `` a very complete film ... of the vast loose gang of strivers and winners and losers which seems to be the very pep of New York . '' In a blurb for a European edition , Ernest Hemingway wrote that , alone among American writers , Dos Passos has `` been able to show to Europeans the America they really find when they come here . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d5789e7f122e37d0a9dc1bb6b513dc1",
"text": "East Broadway (IND Sixth Avenue Line) East Broadway is a station on the IND Sixth Avenue Line of the New York City Subway . Located at East Broadway and Rutgers Street in the Lower East Side , it is served by the F train at all times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "144933a8a0e5fb2663601d738a406207",
"text": "Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , often referred to as The Guggenheim , is an art museum located at 1071 Fifth Avenue on the corner of East 89th Street in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . It is the permanent home of a continuously expanding collection of Impressionist , Post-Impressionist , early Modern and contemporary art and also features special exhibitions throughout the year . The museum was established by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in 1939 as the Museum of Non-Objective Painting , under the guidance of its first director , the artist Hilla von Rebay . It adopted its current name after the death of its founder , Solomon R. Guggenheim , in 1952 . In 1959 , the museum moved from rented space to its current building , a landmark work of 20th-century architecture . Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright , the cylindrical building , wider at the top than the bottom , was conceived as a `` temple of the spirit '' . Its unique ramp gallery extends up from ground level in a long , continuous spiral along the outer edges of the building to end just under the ceiling skylight . The building underwent extensive expansion and renovations in 1992 ( when an adjoining tower was built ) and from 2005 to 2008 . The museum 's collection has grown organically , over eight decades , and is founded upon several important private collections , beginning with Solomon R. Guggenheim 's original collection . The collection is shared with the museum 's sister museums in Bilbao , Spain , and elsewhere . In 2013 , nearly 1.2 million people visited the museum , and it hosted the most popular exhibition in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3d3310c140ceeedd54206be2002f837",
"text": "Crestwood (Metro-North station) Crestwood ( originally Yonkers Park ) is a Metro-North Railroad station serving the residents of Crestwood and Tuckahoe , New York on the Harlem Line . It is 16.7 mi from Grand Central Terminal . Because of its location at the northern end of the triple-track segment of the Harlem Line , Crestwood is often the first/last stop outside New York City on Harlem Line express trains , and its center island platform is frequently used to short turn local trains during rush hour . The Harlem Line runs parallel to the Bronx River and has two stations in the village of Tuckahoe . Since both stations could not be named `` Tuckahoe , '' the southern station near the Village Hall is named `` Tuckahoe '' and the northern station `` Crestwood '' after the adjoining residential neighborhood of Crestwood , Yonkers . As of August 2006 , daily commuter ridership was 1,596 , and there are 283 parking spots . This station is the first/last station in the Zone 3 Metro-North fare zone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4b21eb04a8a2d9df94bbec3795bc51b",
"text": "Giuseppe Mazzini (sculpture) Giuseppe Mazzini is an outdoor bronze bust of Giuseppe Mazzini by Giovanni Turini , overlooking Sheep Meadow in Central Park in Manhattan , New York . The sculpture was commissioned by a group of Italian-Americans and was dedicated in 1878 . It sits on a granite pedestal , which includes two inscriptions that translate to `` thought and action '' and `` God and the people '' . In 1994 , the bust was restored by the Central Park Conservancy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "948cee9fbf0bc3706d6e4c0b47c4763e",
"text": "Freedom Tunnel The Freedom Tunnel is the name given to the Amtrak tunnel under Riverside Park in Manhattan , New York City . It got its name because the graffiti artist Chris `` Freedom '' Pape used the tunnel walls to create some of his most notable artwork . The name may also be a reference to the former shantytowns built within the tunnel by homeless populations seeking shelter and freedom to live rent-free and unsupervised by law enforcement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45f4c35a8ef3e2429af6a03ce145e2eb",
"text": "E (New York City Subway service) The E Eighth Avenue Local is a rapid transit service in the B Division of the New York City Subway . Its route emblem , or `` bullet '' , is since it uses the IND Eighth Avenue Line in Manhattan . The E operates at all times between Jamaica Center -- Parsons/Archer in Jamaica , Queens , and Chambers Street -- World Trade Center in Lower Manhattan , running express on the IND Queens Boulevard Line in Queens ( except nights when it serves all stops ) and local in Manhattan . E trains also serve two local stops in eastern Queens ( 75th Avenue and Briarwood ) on evenings and weekends . Limited rush hour service runs fully expressE signs are located above the express tracks at Parsons Boulevard , showing that trains skip 169th Street . Part of one of these signs can be seen in this 2004 photo . to and from 179th Street at the end of the Queens Boulevard Line , due to lack of capacity at Jamaica Center .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20b883974fc72f59bfd12ead7b6575e9",
"text": "Church of St. Mary the Virgin (Manhattan) The Church of Saint Mary the Virgin , colloquially known as `` Smoky Mary 's '' because of the use of incense in the services , is an Episcopal Anglo-Catholic church which is part of the Episcopal Diocese of New York of the Episcopal Church in the United States of America . The church complex is located in the heart of Times Square at 133-145 West 46th Street , with other buildings of the complex at 136-144 West 47th Street , both between Sixth and Seventh Avenues in the borough of Manhattan in New York City . The church , which has been called `` one of the finest Gothic-inspired designs of New York 's late 19th century '' , was designated a New York City landmark in 1989 , and was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba5a9586765371df9673c8e2b9bea4de",
"text": "July 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment On the evening of July 18 , 2013 , a CSX freight train carrying municipal solid waste on tracks of the Hudson Line along the Harlem River Ship Canal in the New York City borough of The Bronx partially derailed between the Marble Hill and Spuyten Duyvil stations . While no one was injured , the derailment caused over US$ 800,000 in damage and took several days to clean up . Commuter rail service by Metro-North Railroad , which owns the line , was suspended for two weekends in order to fully restore normal operations . After investigating the accident , the National Transportation Safety Board ( NTSB ) found it had been caused by the track stretching to an excessive gauge at the point of derailment . It did not fault the crew , instead criticizing Metro-North for failing to maintain the track and surrounding ballast to the point that the track went out of gauge . Later in the year , in a comprehensive safety review after another derailment of a passenger train nearby resulted in the first passenger fatalities in Metro-North 's history , the NTSB cited the maintenance shortfall as part of an inadequate `` safety culture '' at the railroad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff45494300f867a93ad16b79a40d6a7a",
"text": "Manhattan (disambiguation) Manhattan is a borough of New York City , located primarily on Manhattan Island . Manhattan may also refer to :",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f83160b5ecd20f4496c30861b5e09f59 | Shailene Woodley was born in 1812. | [
{
"docid": "c9a5a7ce1ef0944b1d19dba54e7e335b",
"text": "Shailene Woodley Shailene Diann Woodley ( born November 15 , 1991 ) is an American actress . Born in San Bernardino County , California and raised in the Simi Valley , she took acting classes with Anthony Meindl and made her screen debut in the television film Replacing Dad ( 1999 ) , followed by numerous guest roles on television , including as Kaitlin Cooper on The O.C. ( 2003-04 ) , and several television films . Her leading roles as California Ford in A Place Called Home ( 2004 ) and Felicity Merriman in Felicity : An American Girl Adventure ( 2005 ) both earned her Young Artist Award nominations and she gained recognition for her starring role as Amy Juergens on the ABC Family television series The Secret Life of the American Teenager ( 2008-2013 ) . Woodley rose to stardom for performances in various popular and critically acclaimed films such as The Descendants ( 2011 ) , for which she was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress - Motion Picture and won the Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Female and was awarded the Cannes Trophée Chopard , The Spectacular Now ( 2013 ) , for which she won the Sundance Film Festival Special Jury Prize for Dramatic Acting , and The Fault in Our Stars ( 2014 ) , for which she earned both popular and critical praise . Her role as Beatrice `` Tris '' Prior in The Divergent Series ( 2014 -- 2016 ) garnered her international recognition . In addition , she portrayed Edward Snowden 's girlfriend Lindsay Mills in Snowden ( 2016 ) , and received critical acclaim for her performance as a single mother on the HBO miniseries Big Little Lies ( 2017 ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f36a177db81e7505899638e65e45e050",
"text": "John Wood (governor) John Wood ( December 20 , 1798 -- June 4 , 1880 ) was the 12th Governor of Illinois , serving from March 18 , 1860 , to January 14 , 1861 . Wood was a founder and the first settler of Quincy , Illinois .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8de33acf8618dfa251005ef21103d79",
"text": "Indian barrier state thumb | 300px | Old Northwest ; the 1792 version included a strip along New York 's northern border The Indian barrier state or buffer state was a British proposal to establish a Native American state in the portion of the Great Lakes region of North America west of the Appalachian Mountains , and bounded by the Ohio and Mississippi rivers and the Great Lakes . The concept of establishing such a state , first conceived in the late 1750s , was part of a long-term plan to reconcile the Indian tribes to British rule and diminish hostilities between the tribes and the British Army following its victory in the French and Indian War . After the region was assigned to the United States in the 1783 treaty ending the American Revolutionary War , British officials pursued efforts to organize the various tribes within it into a sort of Confederation that would form the basis of an Indian state , independent of the United States and under their tutelage , as a way to protect their fur trade ventures in the region and to block anticipated American attacks upon their remaining North American possessions . The idea of establishing an Indian barrier state in the Great Lakes region was conceived and developed solely by British officials ; Indian tribal leaders had no role in it . Among the plan 's most ardent proponents was John Graves Simcoe , Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada ( now Ontario ) from 1791 until 1796 . In 1814 the British government abandoned efforts to bring such a state into being .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4547363aca67288f61cdadecee6033fb",
"text": "Pacific Fur Company The Pacific Fur Company ( PFC ) was an American fur trade venture wholly owned and funded by John Jacob Astor that functioned from 1810 to 1813 . It was based in the Pacific Northwest , an area contested over the decades between the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , the Spanish Empire , the United States of America and the Russian Empire . Management , clerks and fur trappers were sent both by land and by sea to the Pacific Coast in the Autumn of 1810 . The base of operations was constructed at the mouth of the Columbia River in 1811 , Fort Astoria ( present-day Astoria , Oregon ) . The destruction of the company vessel the Tonquin later that year off the shore of Vancouver Island took with it the majority of the annual trading goods . Commercial competition with the NWC began soon after the foundation of Fort Astoria . The Canadian competitors maintained several stations in the interior , primarily Spokane House , Kootanae House and Saleesh House . Fort Okanogan was also opened in 1811 , the first of several PFC posts created to counter these locations . The Overland Expedition faced military hostilities from several Indigenous cultures and later had an acute provision crisis leading to starvation . Despite losing men crossing the Great Plains and later at the Snake River , they arrived in groups throughout January and February 1812 at Fort Astoria . A beneficial agreement with the Russian-American Company was also planned through the regular supply of provisions for posts in Russian America . This was planned in part to prevent the rival Montreal based North West Company ( NWC ) to gain a presence along the Pacific Coast , a prospect neither Russian colonial authorities nor Astor favored . The lack of military protection during the War of 1812 forced the sale of PFC assets to the NWC . While the transactions were not finalized until 1814 , due to the distance from Fort Astoria to Montreal and New York City , the company was functionally defunct by 1813 . A party of Astorians returning overland to St. Louis in 1813 made the important discovery of the South Pass through the Rocky Mountains . This geographic feature would later be used by hundreds of thousands of settlers traveling over the Oregon , California , and Mormon routes , collectively called the Westward Expansion Trails . The emporium envisioned by Astor was a failure for a number of reasons , including the loss of two supply ships , the material difficulties of crossing the North American continent and competition from the North West Company . Historian Arthur S. Morton concluded that `` The misfortunes which befell the Pacific Fur Company were great , but such as might be expected at the initiation of an enterprise in a distant land whose difficulties and whose problems lay beyond the experience of the traders . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36f8f40257be7b768290bf2a2097bc09",
"text": "Old Fort Duquesne Old Fort Duquesne , or , Captain Jack , the Scout is an historical novel by the American writer Charles McKnight ( 1826 - 1881 ) set in 1750s Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . The novel tells the story of Captain Jack , a scout and Indian fighter , who is the protagonist of this retelling of the events of Fort Duquesne during the French and Indian War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6708b29c5fa3a6378659dc3593f87aeb",
"text": "Origins of the War of 1812 The War of 1812 , a war between the United States , Great Britain , and Britain 's Indian allies , lasted from 1812 to 1815 . The U.S. declared war and historians have long debated the multiple factors behind that decision . There were several immediate stated causes for the U.S. declaration of war : First , a series of trade restrictions introduced by Britain to impede American trade with France , a country with which Britain was at war ( the U.S. contested these restrictions as illegal under international law ) ; second , the impressment ( forced recruitment ) of U.S. seamen into the Royal Navy ; third , the British military support for American Indians who were offering armed resistance to the expansion of the American frontier to the Northwest ; fourth , a possible desire on the part of the United States to annex Canada . An implicit but powerful motivation for the Americans was the desire to uphold national honor in the face of what they considered to be British insults ( such as the Chesapeake affair ) . American expansion into the Northwest ( Ohio , Indiana , Michigan , Illinois and Wisconsin ) was impeded by Indian raids . Some Canadian historians in the early 20th century maintained that Americans had wanted to seize parts of Canada , a view that many Canadians still share , while others argue that inducing the fear of such a seizure had merely been a U.S. tactic designed to obtain a bargaining chip . Some members of the British Parliament at the time and dissident American politicians such as John Randolph of Roanoke claimed that land hunger rather than maritime disputes was the main motivation for the American declaration . However , some historians , both Canadian and American , retain the view that desire to annex all or part of Canada was an American goal . Although the British made some concessions before the war on neutral trade , they insisted on the right to reclaim their deserting sailors . The British also had the long-standing goal of creating a large `` neutral '' Indian state that would cover much of Ohio , Indiana and Michigan . They made the demand as late as 1814 at the peace conference , but lost battles that would have validated their claims . The war was fought in four theatres : on the oceans , where the warships and privateers of both sides preyed on each other 's merchant shipping ; along the Atlantic coast of the U.S. , which was blockaded with increasing severity by the British , who also mounted large-scale raids in the later stages of the war ; on the long frontier , running along the Great Lakes and Saint Lawrence River , which separated the U.S. from Upper and Lower Canada ( Ontario and Quebec ) ; and finally along the coast of the Gulf of Mexico . During the course of the war , both the Americans and British launched invasions of each other 's territory , all of which were unsuccessful or gained only temporary success . At the end of the war , the British held parts of Maine and some outposts in the sparsely populated West while the Americans held Canadian territory near Detroit , but these occupied territories were restored at the end of the war . In the United States , battles such as New Orleans and the earlier successful defence of Baltimore ( which inspired the lyrics of the U.S. national anthem , The Star-Spangled Banner ) produced a sense of euphoria over a `` second war of independence '' against Britain . It ushered in an `` Era of Good Feelings , '' in which the partisan animosity that had once verged on treason practically vanished . Canada also emerged from the war with a heightened sense of national feeling and solidarity . Britain , which had regarded the war as a sideshow to the Napoleonic Wars raging in Europe , was less affected by the fighting ; its government and people subsequently welcomed an era of peaceful relations with the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc24017f85ae2791b0d9940c4be741be",
"text": "1812 in Australia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d68d5fb3fc16659de623eee72a93698",
"text": "Carpenter and Westley Carpenter and Westley were a British optical , mathematical and scientific instrument makers between 1808 and 1914 . The company was founded by Philip Carpenter ( 18 November 1776 , Kidderminster -- 20 April 1833 , London ) and , after his death , was continued by his sister Mary Carpenter alongside former apprentice William Westley . The company 's contribution to the development of magic lanterns was significant and Philip Carpenter pioneered the use of copperplate slides .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0aace43362a08ea02a4280a62e1723fe",
"text": "Tecumseh's War Tecumseh 's War or Tecumseh 's Rebellion was a conflict between the United States Army and an American Indian confederacy led by the Shawnee leader Tecumseh in the Indiana Territory . Although the war is often considered to have climaxed with William Henry Harrison 's victory at the Battle of Tippecanoe in 1811 , Tecumseh 's War essentially continued into the War of 1812 , and is frequently considered a part of that larger struggle . The war lasted for two more years , until the fall of 1813 , when Tecumseh , as well as second-in-command Roundhead died fighting Harrison 's Army of the Northwest at the Battle of the Thames in Upper Canada , near present-day Chatham , Ontario , and his confederacy disintegrated . Tecumseh 's War is viewed by some academic historians as being the final conflict of a longer term military struggle for control of the Great Lakes region of North America , encompassing a number of wars over several generations , referred to as the Sixty Years ' War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "445816e47cb46b815a4caf08a0ce642a",
"text": "Wood County, Ohio Wood County is a county located in the U.S. state of Ohio . As of the 2010 census , the population was 125,488 . Its county seat is Bowling Green . The county was named for Captain Eleazer D. Wood , the engineer for General William Henry Harrison 's army , who built Fort Meigs in the War of 1812 . Wood County is part of the Toledo , OH Metropolitan Statistical Area . Its diagonnal northwest border is formed by the Maumee River , which has its mouth at Maumee Bay on Lake Erie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b716e3a9270cc12596ae3bc7f5aac67",
"text": "Samuel Leech Samuel Leech ( 1798 -- 1848 ) was a young sailor in the Royal Navy and the United States Navy during the War of 1812 . He became notable as one of very few who wrote an account of his experiences , titled , in the manner of the time , Thirty Years from Home , or a Voice from the Main Deck ; Being the Experience of Samuel Leech , Who Was Six Years in the British and American Navies : Was Captured in the British Frigate Macedonian : Afterwards Entered the American Navy , and Was Taken in the United States Brig Syren , by the British Ship Medway . Leech 's nautical career began in 1810 , at the age of thirteen , when Lord William FitzRoy agreed to take Samuel into his frigate , as a favor to FitzRoy 's sister Frances , the wife of Francis Spencer , 1st Baron Churchill , Leech being the son of one of her servants . He was a powder monkey during Macedonian 's duel with the in 1812 , and would later vividly describe the carnage on board the British ship before she struck her colors . As a prisoner of war , he was due to be exchanged at some point , but when Macedonian was brought into New York City , Leech jumped ship . Soon after he joined the US Navy , where he compared his treatment favorably vs the Royal Navy , and was serving in the when she was captured by in 1814 . His imprisonment seems not to have been too uncomfortable , and did not last long in any case , since the war ended the following year . He was in subsequently . Around 1816 he went ashore , where he worked at various jobs and joined the Methodist Church . He eventually accumulated enough money to go into business for himself , and became a merchant living in Wilbraham , Massachusetts with a wife and three children . Many years later he revisited , now a US ship , when it was in port in New York ( probably 1840 ) , and reminisced with the sailors there . Perhaps this encounter inspired his book , which was published by Tappen & Dennet in 1843 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "655ec2df4d01a8c56841ad1f0869d745",
"text": "Woodlake, California Woodlake is a city in the San Joaquin Valley in Tulare County , California , United States . The population was 7,279 at the 2010 census , up from 6,651 at the 2000 census .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a62f14fdb5b05541d5bd5c1fcccca234",
"text": "John Wood (congressman) John Wood ( September 6 , 1816 -- May 28 , 1898 ) was a Republican member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Pennsylvania . John Wood ( uncle of Alan Wood , Jr. ) was born in Philadelphia . He attended the Friends Society schools of Philadelphia , and was employed by his father in the manufacture of tools and agricultural machinery from 1832 to 1840 . He was engaged in the manufacture of iron and steel near Wilmington , Delaware , from 1841 to 1844 . He moved to Conshohocken , Pennsylvania , in 1844 and engaged in the milling of iron and steel . He was first burgess of Conshohocken . Wood was elected as a Republican to the Thirty-sixth Congress . He was not a candidate for renomination in 1860 . He resumed his former manufacturing pursuits and died in Conshohocken in 1898 . He was interred in Montgomery Cemetery in West Norriton Township , Montgomery County , Pennsylvania , near Norristown , Pennsylvania .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7bff5ff46e56c590738857c908a07c4",
"text": "Orrin S. Wood Orrin Squire Wood ( December 14 , 1817-June 22 , 1909 ) ( normally referred to as Orrin S. Wood ) was one of early pioneers of the telegraph industry in the United States and Canada . The brother-in-law of Ezra Cornell , who assisted Samuel Morse in the construction of the Baltimore-Washington telegraph line , Wood was recruited in August 1844 to be a telegraph operator on the line , and was Morse 's first pupil . He was one of the founders of the Magnetic Telegraph Company with Cornell , Morse , and others , in 1845 . He helped set up a telegraph exhibition in lower Manhattan in New York , and built a one-mile line for demonstration at the 1845 New York State Fair in Utica , New York . He also oversaw the building of the line between Albany , New York and Utica which opened in early 1846 , the beginning of the rapid expansion of the telegraph in North America . He then opened the first commercial telegraph office in New York City in the fall of 1846 . In 1847 , he was recruited to be president of the newly formed Montreal Telegraph Company , which rapidly established lines to Toronto and , Quebec City , and then New York in August 1847 . He remained with that company until 1866 , and substantially retired following a few years additional work in the Wisconsin area . Duggan House , a mansion in Montreal now owned by McGill University , was built for Wood in 1861 . Wood was born in Sherburne , New York on December 14 , 1817 , and died in Turner , New York at age 91 on June 22 , 1909 . Having long outlined Morse , Alfred Vail , and Cornell , he was noted to be the `` oldest living telegrapher '' in his final years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bda35cfacb43d69518f1cd87c6c26f8c",
"text": "The New World (newspaper) The New World was a weekly newspaper in New York City , New York , in the United States.The New World was published from October 1839 to 1845 by J. Winchester . The paper was founded and edited by Park Benjamin Sr. . It billed itself as an apolitical `` family newspaper '' , featuring British and American literature and religious discourses . The paper 's masthead reads : `` No pent-up Utica contracts our powers ; The whole unbounded Continent is ours ! , '' a quote originally attributed to Jonathan M. Sewall from his epilogue to Cato , a Tragedy in 1778 . Notable contributions include : Charles Dickens ' Barnaby Rudge , reprinted in 1841 in weekly installments after its original appearance in Master Humphrey 's Clock . Thomas Carlyle 's six-part lecture series On Heroes , Hero-Worship , and The Heroic in History , printed in 1841 . Thomas Moore 's `` Fifteen Songs , '' a collection of unpublished songs published in 1841 , which were later released in The Poetical Works of Thomas Moore . Anna Cora Mowatt 's complete play , Gulzara or The Persian Slave : 1 drama in Five Acts , in 1841 . E.P. Hurlbut 's `` The Rights of Woman , '' later published in his work , Essays on Human Rights and their Political Gauranties in 1845 . Hurlbut knew Elizabeth Cady Stanton and the Declaration of Sentiments from the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 follows many of the examples set forth in `` The Rights of Woman . '' G.P.R. James ' complete novels , The Jacquerie and Morley Ernstein ; or , The Tenants of the Heart , both published in extra editions in 1842 . Sarah Stickney Ellis ' complete novel , Summer and Winter in the Pyrenees .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d70480591f269e0fd19e6b4a4c226c49",
"text": "Birmingham, Alabama Birmingham ( -LSB- ˈbɜrmɪŋhæm -RSB- ) is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Alabama and the county seat of Jefferson County . The city 's population was 212,237 in the 2010 United States Census . In the 2010 US Census , the Birmingham-Hoover Metropolitan Statistical Area had a population of about 1,128,047 , which is approximately one-quarter of Alabama 's population . Birmingham was founded in 1871 , during the post-Civil War Reconstruction period , through the merger of three pre-existing farm towns , notably , former Elyton . It was named for Birmingham , England , one of the UK 's major industrial cities . The Alabama city annexed smaller neighbors and developed as an industrial and railroad transportation center , based on mining , the new iron and steel industry , and railroading . Most of the original settlers who founded Birmingham were of English ancestry . The city was developed as a place where cheap , non-unionized , and African-American labor from rural Alabama could be employed in the city 's steel mills and blast furnaces , giving it a competitive advantage over unionized industrial cities in the Midwest and Northeast . From its founding through the end of the 1960s , Birmingham was a primary industrial center of the southern United States . Its growth from 1881 through 1920 earned its nicknames as The Magic City and The Pittsburgh of the South . Its major industries were iron and steel production , plus a major component of the railroading industry . Rails and railroad cars were both manufactured in Birmingham . The two primary hubs of railroading in the Deep South have been nearby Atlanta and Birmingham , since the 1860s . The economy diversified in the latter half of the 20th century . Banking , telecommunications , transportation , electrical power transmission , medical care , college education , and insurance have become major economic activities . Birmingham ranks as one of the largest banking centers in the United States and as one of the most important business centers in the Southeast . In higher education , Birmingham has been the location of the University of Alabama School of Medicine ( formerly the Medical College of Alabama ) and the University of Alabama School of Dentistry since 1947 . Since that time it has also gained the University of Alabama at Birmingham ( founded circa 1969 ) , one of three main campuses of the University of Alabama System . It is also home to three private institutions : Samford University , Birmingham-Southern College , and Miles College . In total , the Birmingham area has major colleges of medicine , dentistry , optometry , physical therapy , pharmacy , law , engineering , and nursing . The city has three of the state 's five law schools : Cumberland School of Law , Birmingham School of Law , and Miles Law School . Birmingham is also the headquarters of the Southwestern Athletic Conference , and Southeastern Conference , one of the major U.S. collegiate athletic conferences .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "572dfde1a6087ece50614360a5010dd2",
"text": "James Caldwell (Ohio politician) James Caldwell ( November 30 , 1770 -- May 5 , 1838 ) was the first member of the United States House of Representatives to represent Ohio 's 4th congressional district . Caldwell was born in Baltimore , Maryland , and moved to Wheeling , which was at the time in Virginia . He came to St. Clairsville , Ohio , in 1799 . He purchased the first lot in the village , and opened a store in 1801 . He became wealthy and was the first president of the Belmont Bank of St. Clairsville . When Belmont County was organized in 1801 , Northwest Territory Governor Arthur St. Clair named him Clerk of Courts . He was a Belmont county delegate to the 1802 Ohio Constitutional Convention . He was a member of the Ohio Senate from 1809 to 1813 . He ran for his first term in Congress in 1812 as a captain in the militia supporting the administration and the War of 1812 against Federalist candidate Bezaleel Wells . All six seats in Ohio were won by Democratic-Republicans , but Caldwell was the only one who supported the Tammany wing of the party . He was elected to the 13th and 14th United States Congresses ( 1813-03-04 -- 1817-03-03 ) . After he retired from Congress , he resumed business in St. Clairsville . Ohio Presidential elector in 1820 for James Monroe . Ohio Presidential elector in 1824 for Henry Clay . Caldwell later moved to Wheeling , where he was president of the Merchants and Mechanics Bank . He died in Wheeling May 5 , 1838 , and was buried in Episcopal Cemetery , St. Clairsville .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f3e894097330eae73c095dda783ec26",
"text": "Woodruff (surname) Woodruff is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Abraham O. Woodruff ( 1872 -- 1904 ) , member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , and son of Wilford Woodruff Blake Woodruff ( born 1995 ) , actor Bille Woodruff , video and film director Bob Woodruff , an American journalist Bob Woodruff ( American football ) former University of Florida and Baylor University head football coach Bob Woodruff ( singer ) , American country musician Bobby Woodruff ( born 1940 ) , former professional footballer Carle Augustus Woodruff ( 1841 -- 1913 ) , U.S. Army brigadier general and Medal of Honor recipient C. E. Woodruff , American reverend , educator , and college football coach Chris Woodruff ( born 1973 ) , American tennis player Christian B. Woodruff ( born 1829 ) , New york politician Dwayne Woodruff ( born 1957 ) , American football player Elvira Woodruff ( born 1951 ) , American children 's writer Ernest Woodruff ( 1863 -- 1944 ) , Atlanta businessman who took over Coca-Cola Freddie Woodruff , American officer George Cecil Woodruff , an American businessman and football coach George Washington Woodruff , an American football coach as well as a teacher , lawyer and politician Hale Woodruff ( 1900 -- 1980 ) , American painter John Woodruff ( representative ) ( 1826 -- 1868 ) , was a U.S. Congressman from Connecticut John Woodruff ( 1915 -- 2007 ) , American 1936 Olympic gold metal 800 meter runner JT Woodruff , guitarist and lead vocalist of Hawthorne Heights Judy Woodruff , a TV journalist Lewis Bartholomew Woodruff ( 1809 -- 1875 ) , New York judge Maurice Woodruff ( 1916 -- 1973 ) , a British clairvoyant and astrologer Michael Woodruff , a pioneer in transplantation biology and surgery Paul Woodruff , philosophy and classics professor , University of Texas at Austin Richard Woodruff ( Upper Canada politician ) ( 1784 -- 1872 ) Robert Woodruff ( disambiguation ) , several people Rosalie Woodruff , Australian politician Roscoe B. Woodruff ( 1891 -- 1975 ) , American general Roy O. Woodruff ( 1876 -- 1953 ) , U.S. Representative from Michigan Sarah Woodruff , the main character of The French Lieutenant 's Woman Thomas M. Woodruff ( 1804 -- 1855 ) , U.S. Congressman from New York Thomas Tuttle Woodruff ( 1811 -- 1892 ) , Woodruff Sleeping & Palace Car Company , Central Transportation Company , Woodruff Sleeping & Parlor Coach Company , Union Palace Car Company Timothy L. Woodruff ( 1858 -- 1913 ) , Lieutenant Governor of New York William Woodruff ( disambiguation ) , several people Wilford Woodruff , fourth President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36d66306659c51a0e31d07fb67f48a57",
"text": "The Wodehouse The Wodehouse ( formerly also Woodhouse ) is a grade II * listed country house near Wombourne , Staffordshire , notable as the family seat of the Georgian landscape designer and musicologist Sir Samuel Hellier and , a century later , Colonel Thomas Bradney Shaw-Hellier , director of the Royal Military School of Music . For almost 200 years the family owned the Hellier Stradivarius . It is claimed that the Wodehouse has not been sold for over 900 years , though more than once the family has died out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e",
"text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d6e05efc64ada63498de09ce5c3bb2f",
"text": "Abraham Cowley Abraham Cowley ( -LSB- ˈkuːli -RSB- 161828 July 1667 ) was an English poet born in the City of London late in 1618 . He was one of the leading English poets of the 17th century , with 14 printings of his Works published between 1668 and 1721 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8a557214b9c348dd1ffa8290097a782b | Warren Casey worked with writer and composer Jim Jacobs. | [
{
"docid": "92a5be6e3e737556868fcc1e74369f5d",
"text": "Warren Casey Warren Casey ( April 20 , 1935 -- November 8 , 1988 ) was an American theatre composer , lyricist , writer , and actor . He is best known for being the writer and composer , with Jim Jacobs , of the stage and film musical Grease .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a755e4716b5b46db4a7c2d6a3db9a42f",
"text": "Jackson Gillis Jackson Clark Gillis ( August 21 , 1916 -- August 19 , 2010 ) was an American radio and television scriptwriter whose career spanned more than 40 years and encompassed a wide range of genres . Gillis was born in Kalama , Washington to a highway engineer and a piano teacher . His family moved to California when he was a teenager . He attended California State University , Fresno , but transferred to Stanford University , where he earned his undergraduate degree in English in 1938 . He worked in England after graduating from college . After returning to the United States , he performed with the Barter Theatre in Virginia , together with Gregory Peck . George Bernard Shaw attended a performance of one of his plays , in which Gillis acted . Gillis received a note from Shaw that critiqued his exit , a postcard Gillis retained for decades . He enlisted in the United States Army and worked as an intelligence officer during World War II in the Pacific Theater . After completing his military service , Gillis moved to Los Angeles and took a job writing for radio shows , including the dramas The Whistler and Let George Do It . He moved into television scriptwriting and earned his first credit -- for an episode of Racket Squad , a series that starred Reed Hadley -- in 1952 . He wrote for The Adventures of Superman from 1953 to 1957 and also spent several years writing for Perry Mason and Lassie . His scriptwriting was prolific and varied , and over the years , he worked on shows such as Lost in Space , Hawaii Five-O , and Knight Rider . He wrote for the series Columbo , starring Peter Falk , from 1971 to 1992 . He also wrote a pair of detective novels , The Killers of Starfish and Chainsaw . After retiring from Hollywood in the 1990s , Gillis and his wife moved to Moscow , Idaho , to be near their daughter . Gillis was married to the former Patricia Cassidy , a fellow actor whom he met during his brief acting career at the Barter Theatre , until her death in 2003 . He died at age 93 on August 19 , 2010 , of pneumonia in Moscow , Idaho . His daughter recalled that her father watched little on television other than football , as `` he thought most of what was on TV was junk '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1967e5336bb92486aeb166b7bf69418",
"text": "Ernest Thayer Ernest Lawrence Thayer ( August 14 , 1863 -- August 21 , 1940 ) was an American writer and poet who wrote the poem `` Casey '' ( or `` Casey at the Bat '' ) , which is `` the single most famous baseball poem ever written '' according to the Baseball Almanac , and `` the nation 's best-known piece of comic verse -- a ballad that began a native legend as colorful and permanent as that of Johnny Appleseed or Paul Bunyan . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "202f980c91fccc03d68ff99b370540bb",
"text": "Warren Lee (pianist) Warren Wai On Lee is a Hong Kong-born pianist , Steinway Artist , an artist of the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra , composer and a music educator . He was awarded the Ten Outstanding Young Persons Award ( Hong Kong ) in 2012 and elected an Associate of the Royal Academy of Music in 2015 in recognition of his achievements in the performing arts and contribution to the community . At the age of six , he made his début with the Hong Kong Philharmonic Orchestra . Following his Macau début with the Macau Chamber Orchestra at the age of ten , the South China Morning Post wrote , `` Warren Lee 's performance bore out the insight ... that exceptional artists are not so much people to be praised as phenomena to be treasured , bearers of a power altogether greater than the poor vessels that contain it . '' He went on to become the first prize winner of the 1995 Stravinsky Awards International Piano Competition and the Grand Prix Ivo Pogorelich . In 2000 , he graduated from the Royal Academy of Music and Yale School of Music with the highest of honors . As a music educator , he released in 2008 his educational CD album , `` From Bach To Gershwin : A Musical Journey '' ( Universal Music Hong Kong 480102-0 ) . The Audio Land Magazine calls it a `` rare successful album that Hong Kong can be proud of . '' He has also been appointed a Guest Professor by the Central Conservatory of Music EOS Orchestra Academy and an Honorary Artist-in-Residence by the Hong Kong Institute of Education . He is also co-currently serving as the Music Director of his alma mater , St. Paul 's Co-educational College in Hong Kong . His latest recording `` Ebony and Ivory '' ( 2013 ) , with clarinetist Andrew Simon on Naxos garnered no fewer than nine favourable reviews worldwide . The Fanfare Magazine calls it `` a winner '' . As a composer , his choral works are published by Pavane Publishing ( USA ) , Profiri & Horvath ( Germany ) ; and his series of Piano Sight-reading Method is due for release by Brio Music Press ( Hong Kong ) . His a cappella choral work , `` House Rules '' won the Second Prize of the Gianni Bergamo Awards in 2013 in Switzerland . Warren Lee also holds a MBA degree from the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology and is elected to the Beta Gamma Sigma . As a renowned pianist , Warren was hailed by critics as a pianist :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a9bf080a192c782a636da86bd8b9f9f",
"text": "Tod Dockstader Tod Dockstader ( March 20 , 1932 -- February 27 , 2015 ) was an American composer of electronic music , and particularly musique concrète . Dockstader was born in Saint Paul , Minnesota , United States . He studied painting and film while at the University of Minnesota , before moving to Hollywood in 1955 , to become an apprentice film editor . He moved into work as a sound engineer in 1958 , and apprenticed at Gotham Recording Studios , where he first started composing . Around this same time he also worked for Terrytoons alongside Gene Deitch . From 1961 to 1962 , when Deitch directed thirteen new Tom and Jerry shorts , Dockstader was responsible for creating the unusual , heavily reverberated sound effects heard throughout them ; he also wrote the shorts Mouse into Space and Landing Stripling . Dockstader 's first record , Eight Electronic Pieces , was released in 1960 , and was later used as the soundtrack to Federico Fellini 's Fellini Satyricon ( 1969 ) . He continued to create music throughout the first half of that decade , working principally with tape manipulation effects . In 1966 Owl Records released four albums of his work from this period including what many consider to be Dockstader 's masterpiece , Quatermass . He achieved modest recognition and radio play alongside the likes of Karlheinz Stockhausen , Edgard Varèse , and John Cage . In 1961 he applied to use the facilities at the Columbia-Princeton Electronic Music Center and was denied access by Vladimir Ussachevsky . Ussachevsky 's official reason was the `` overstrained '' scheduling of the studios , although many suspect that Dockstader 's lack of academic training was a factor in the decision . After leaving Gotham Recording Studios in the late 1960s he formed the audio-visual service Westport Communications Group along with business partner , and former Gotham executive , Fred Hertz . The company focused on corporate clients and produced award-winning educational films for the American Heritage series . Dockstader was also a prolific writer , with several articles published by Electronic Music Review and The Musical Quarterly . In the early 1990s , Starkland re-released most of the content of Dockstader 's out-of-print Owl records , along with previously unreleased material . The two CDs brought new , significant acclaim to the composer . The Washington Post called Dockstader `` a highly imaginative pioneer , '' and The Wire concluded , `` The obsessive care with which Starkland have compiled these extraordinary recordings should ensure that Dockstader will be remembered as the innovative , visionary figure he undoubtedly was . '' Reinvigorated , Dockstader returned to music at the start of the 21st century , adopting computer composition in favor of tapes . New CDs appeared from Sub Rosa and ReR Megacorp . Work on a documentary about his life , Unlocking Dockstader , was begun in 2011 , however lack of funding has stalled the project . He died in Arlington , Massachusetts , on February 27 , 2015 , at the age of 82 . In 2016 , Starkland released `` Tod Dockstader : From the Archives , '' a CD that premiered 15 works selected from the unexpected discovery of 4,200 sound files found on Dockstader 's private computer after his death . Created from 2000-2008 , these were among the last pieces composed by Dockstader , before dementia put an end to his studio work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cd6a6500d70eb9ca67e39e7e7069790",
"text": "John Casey (climate change author) John L. Casey is an American author . Casey 's literary works include Dark Winter and Cold Sun . His current residence is Orlando , Florida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2197bbf40b56ee30c041f5273f0932d",
"text": "Ken Casey Kenneth William `` Ken '' Casey Jr. ( born April 15 , 1969 ) is the bass guitarist , primary songwriter , and one of the lead singers of the Boston Celtic punk group the Dropkick Murphys . Casey was one of the original members , starting the band in 1996 with guitarist Rick Barton and singer Mike McColgan . He is the only original member of the Dropkick Murphys left in the band , though drummer Matt Kelly joined shortly after formation in 1997 . He is known for his melodic vocal parts and solid punk rock bass playing . Dropkick Murphys released their ninth album 11 Short Stories of Pain & Glory on January 6 , 2017 . Casey also founded the charity group The Claddagh Fund , owns his own bar in Boston and runs his own boxing promotion called Murphys Boxing . Casey has a small role in the 2016 film Patriots Day which is about the 2013 Boston Marathon bombing and the subsequent terrorist manhunt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee68208ca68b9b061f073ed3be37c6f8",
"text": "J. T. Harding John Thomas `` J. T. '' Harding is an American country music songwriter . He has written songs for Uncle Kracker and Kenny Chesney .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f2bb34652e97518c82f395e847f5221",
"text": "James Cohn James Cohn is an American composer born February 12 , 1928 in Newark , New Jersey . After taking violin and piano lessons in his native town , he studied composition with Roy Harris , Wayne Barlow and Bernard Wagenaar , and majored in Composition at Juilliard , graduating in 1950 . He has written solo , chamber , choral and orchestral works , among them 3 string quartets , 5 piano sonatas and 8 symphonies . He was awarded a Queen Elisabeth of Belgium Prize for his Symphony No. 2 ( premiered at Brussels ) and an A.I.D.E.M. prize for his Symphony No. 4 ( premiered in Florence at the Maggio Musicale ) . His Symphony No. 3 and Variations on `` The Wayfaring Stranger '' were premiered by the Detroit Symphony Orchestra under Paul Paray . The Detroit Free Press observed in the Symphony No. 3 `` an economy of means ... but no yielding of inventiveness or imaginative composition . Indeed , the work throughout is marked strongly by individuality , and comes as a refreshing experience in modern music . '' Among his earlier works ( 1946 , preceding the 1948 second symphony ) is a concertino for piano and orchestra . In 1966 he composed a three-movement Concerto for Concertina and Strings , as his Op. 44 . In 2008 his 2nd and 7th symphonies were issued on compact disc by the Naxos label . In 2012 his 3rd , 4th and 8th symphonies , recorded by the Slovak Radio Symphony Orchestra conducted by Kirk Trevor , were published on compact disc by the MSR ( Musicians Showcase Recordings ) label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68e696976336ab879672410a5506169e",
"text": "Leigh Harline Leigh Adrian Harline ( March 26 , 1907 -- December 10 , 1969 ) was a film composer and songwriter . He was known for his `` musical sophistication that was uniquely ` Harline-esque ' by weaving rich tapestries of mood-setting underscores and penning memorable melodies for animated shorts and features . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5b95c2c4047cc75f5af19b8bf405cac",
"text": "Al Casey (rock guitarist) Alvin Wayne `` Al '' Casey ( October 26 , 1936 -- September 17 , 2006 ) was an American guitarist . He was mainly noted for his work as a session musician , but also released his own records and scored three Billboard Hot 100 hits in the United States . His contribution to the rockabilly genre has been recognized by the Rockabilly Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bf6d98cfb5cf1c8c4ac5165fbeabd63",
"text": "David Warren (director) David Warren is an American theatre and television director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "188fefaa2a2ae558061fa0c93108bced",
"text": "America's Top 10 America 's Top 10 ( commonly abbreviated to AT10 ) was a television program of music hits based on the Billboard Hot 100 , with the exception of the last season in 1992 which used the Radio and Records chart . It aired in syndication by Gold Key Media from 1980 -- 1982 and by All American Television from 1982-1992 . The show was hosted by Casey Kasem , the host of American Top 40 and Casey 's Top 40 , until 1991 . After that point , the show was hosted by Siedah Garrett and then Tommy Puett ; Kasem later returned as host until he closed down the show in 1992 to focus on launching `` Casey 's Countdown , '' an adult contemporary music spinoff of Casey 's Top 40 . From around 1987 onwards , the show was also transmitted by various regions of ITV in the United Kingdom , where it was often broadcast as part of the network 's then-new overnight service . Charlie Tuna served as announcer , and Syd Vinnedge was producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e33f3ba908341239f645fe87bb84dfd9",
"text": "Raymond Warren Raymond Warren ( born 7 November 1928 ) is a British composer and university teacher . He studied at Cambridge , and taught at Queen 's University Belfast before becoming Stanley Hugh Badock Professor of Music at the University of Bristol from 1972 until his retirement in 1994 . His works include a choral Passion , a Violin Concerto , and the oratorio Continuing Cities . He has also written six operas . He currently lives in Clifton in Bristol .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d05f18cfcae39c03c609262d34b84404",
"text": "Jim Stanton Jim Stanton is an American composer and political writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "804bccb4614597879317add0a9832269",
"text": "Buddy Sheffield Morris Taylor `` Buddy '' Sheffield is an American comedy writer , producer and composer . He is probably best known as Emmy-nominated head writer on Fox TV 's breakthrough sketch comedy series , In Living Color , having written such favorites as `` Homey Claus '' , `` Homeboy Shopping Network '' , `` This Old Box '' and `` Men on Books '' . Sheffield , who is white and was raised in the rural south , won an NAACP Image Award for his work on the show . Prior to that he had spent 10 years writing for dozens of performers ranging from Dolly Parton to the Smothers Brothers . Sheffield co-created the teen hit Roundhouse on Nickelodeon in the 1990s , often cited as revolutionary for its frenetically paced staging and sophisticated satire involving real teen issues . Roundhouse was shot in real-time before a live audience and was described by one critic as `` like seeing all the high points of a smash Broadway show in half an hour . '' Sheffield created the show with his former wife , Rita Hester , with whom he had founded a children 's theatre company when they were students at The University of Southern Mississippi . That venture , Sheffield Ensemble Theatre , lasted 13 years and had become the number one touring children 's theatre in the country prior to going bankrupt as a major contractor to the failed New Orleans World 's Fair . Sheffield paid off his cast and crew and moved to Los Angeles . His years in live theatre are apparent in `` Roundhouse '' and all his work . In 2016 Nick began rerunning episodes of Roundhouse to the delight of fans . In 1982 , his musical Cleavage , for which he had written book , music and lyrics , opened on Broadway . Though it had been playing successfully in New Orleans , it closed after one performance . One day after it closed it received a favorable review from the NY Times . Sheffield is again targeting Broadway with a musical send-up of Rodgers and Hammerstein 's Oklahoma ! called IDAHO ! for which he also wrote book , music and lyrics ( with additional music and arrangements by long-time friend and collaborator Keith Thompson ) . IDAHO ! premiered at the NY Musical Festival winning several awards including the `` Best of Fest '' Audience Prize for best-received show . In July 2016 IDAHO ! will be presented on the main stage at the magnificent Smith Center in Las Vegas . In 2007 , Sheffield sued Disney for breach of implied contract over a musical sitcom called `` Rock and Roland '' that he pitched to the Disney Channel in late 2001 . Sheffield 's detailed pitch was about a junior high kid with a widowed parent who is a regular kid by day and secretly a pop superstar by night . The lawsuit claims that Disney executives showed great interest , requested more material , passed on the project and then misappropriated it . The lawsuit also claimed Disney did little more than switch the genders of all the main characters , an option Sheffield gave them during the pitch . Disney went on to produce the show under the name Hannah Montana and it became a worldwide mega-hit generating millions for the company . An August 26 , 2008 court date was set in Los Angeles Superior Court , but prior to that date the case was quietly settled .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "451d6b5b175400a0ae79c207133599de",
"text": "William F. Brown (writer) William Ferdinand Brown ( born April 16 , 1928 in Jersey City , New Jersey ) is an American playwright best known for writing the book of the musical , The Wiz ( 1974 ) , an adaptation of L. Frank Baum 's The Wonderful Wizard of Oz with music and lyrics by Charlie Smalls , for which he received a nomination for the Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical . His other works include The Girl in the Freudian Slip ( 1967 ) based on his 1959 novel , which played on Broadway for three days in May after a tour ; How to Steal an Election ( 1968 ) , A Single Thing in Common ( 1978 ) , and A Broadway Musical with Lee Adams and Charles Strouse , which had only one non-preview performance on December 21 , 1978 . Other plays include Damon 's Song , Twist , The Nutley Papers , and numerous revues . His work for television includes episodes of That Was The Week That Was , Love American Style , As the World Turns , and Jackie Gleason 's American Scene Magazine . He is also a cartoonist who wrote and drew the syndicated comic strip , Boomer . Although The Wiz and A Broadway Musical are written for black casts using black street slang , Brown himself is white . He is married to writer Tina Tippit and has two children .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23678af8b979acd82d8ac7d7045116f9",
"text": "Jim Jarmusch James Robert `` Jim '' Jarmusch ( -LSB- ˈdʒɑrməʃ -RSB- born January 22 , 1953 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , actor , producer , editor , and composer . He has been a major proponent of independent cinema since the 1980s , directing such films as Stranger Than Paradise ( 1984 ) , Down by Law ( 1986 ) , Mystery Train ( 1989 ) , Dead Man ( 1995 ) , Ghost Dog : The Way of the Samurai ( 1999 ) , Coffee and Cigarettes ( 2003 ) , Broken Flowers ( 2005 ) , Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) , and Paterson ( 2016 ) . Stranger Than Paradise was added to the National Film Registry in December 2002 . As a musician , Jarmusch has composed music for his films and released two albums with Jozef van Wissem .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "738be1ae11fb57dacecd6f8e1e8fbca5",
"text": "Tony Lee Tony Lee is a British comics writer , screenwriter , audio playwright , and novelist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c072acbe7286d4ad1705402fd288f78",
"text": "Lawyers, Guns and Money `` Lawyers , Guns and Money '' is a song by Warren Zevon , the closing track on his 1978 album Excitable Boy . The lyrics describe going home with a waitress who is `` with the Russians , too '' . The narrative goes on to speak of `` gambling in Havana '' , with the request that `` Dad '' send `` lawyers , guns and money '' to `` get me out of this '' . The lyrics then claim that the speaker is an `` innocent bystander '' who is down on his luck . Finally the narrative relates that the speaker is `` hiding in Honduras '' and that he is a `` desperate man '' . The lyrics repeat the refrain to `` send lawyers , guns and money '' , with the final comment that `` the shit has hit the fan '' . The song was first covered by Rick Derringer on the 1978 album `` If I Were n't So Romantic , I 'd Shoot You '' and was released as a single . It was later covered by The Wallflowers on the album Enjoy Every Sandwich : The Songs of Warren Zevon in 2004 . It was also a hit for Hank Williams , Jr. in 1983 and regularly played live by Widespread Panic . The song also lent its title to a light-hearted radio program on the Melbourne community radio station 3RRR which looked at the legal fraternity in the city . The program started in 1985 and ran for several years hosted by the pseudonymous duo `` Donoghue & Stevenson '' - Dennis Connell and Ross Stevenson . The song was used as both intro and exit music for the program . The chorus was changed to `` send robots , bears and Lincolns '' in a parody song set to past sketches on the Late Night With Conan O'Brien show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e83c6b6402ba81ea8c4f4d45df28a00",
"text": "Arthur Zorn Arthur Zorn is a musician and artist from Montpelier , Vermont . Zorn is a composer of vocal and piano music . His major pieces , `` January 25th , 1945 '' ( about the liberation of Auschwitz ) and `` Garden Sketches '' ( a suite for piano ) have been performed all around New England . Currently , Zorn resides in Montpelier , Vermont and teaches vocal music at Spaulding High School . In addition to being a musician , Zorn has received praise from all around the United States and Canada for his impressionist and abstract artwork . In July 2007 , Zorn 's newest artwork will be featured in the third installment of the Bundy Gallery 's powerful series based on Zorn 's creations ; the third installment will be called `` Zorn 3 . '' Arthur Zorn has won several awards for his teaching : he was elected Spaulding High School Teacher of the Year in 1994 , and also won the Jaycee Outstanding Young Educator earlier in his career . Zorn has been a finalist in the Vermont State Teacher of the Year .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6e105abbc4037f0d804cd975c96cf079 | Bernie Sanders describes himself as a democratic socialist. | [
{
"docid": "1ddee6e498c83664673e299f4d615739",
"text": "Bernie Sanders Bernard Sanders ( born September 8 , 1941 ) is an American politician who has been the junior United States Senator from Vermont since 2007 . Sanders is the longest serving independent in U.S. congressional history . Since his election to the House of Representatives in 1991 , he has caucused with the Democratic Party , which has entitled him to congressional committee assignments and at times given Democrats a majority . Sanders became the ranking minority member on the Senate Budget Committee in January 2015 ; he had previously been chair of the Senate Veterans ' Affairs Committee for two years . Since January 2017 , he has been Chair of the Senate Democratic Outreach Committee . Sanders 's campaign against Hillary Clinton for the party 's 2016 U.S. presidential nomination raised more money in small , individual contributions than any other in American history , and helped him rise to international recognition . A self-described democratic socialist , Sanders is pro-labor and emphasizes reversing economic inequality . Many scholars consider his views to be more in line with social democracy and New Deal-era American progressivism than democratic socialism . Sanders was born and raised in the Brooklyn borough of New York City and graduated from the University of Chicago in 1964 . While a student he was an active protest organizer for the Congress of Racial Equality and the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee during the Civil Rights Movement . After settling in Vermont in 1968 , Sanders ran unsuccessful third-party campaigns for governor and U.S. senator in the early to mid-1970s . As an independent , he was elected mayor of Burlington -- Vermont 's most populous city of 42,417 in 2010 -- in 1981 , by a margin of ten votes . He went on to be reelected as mayor three times . In 1990 , he was elected to represent Vermont 's at-large congressional district in the U.S. House of Representatives , where he co-founded the Congressional Progressive Caucus in 1991 . He served as a congressman for 16 years before being elected to the U.S. Senate in 2006 . In 2012 , he was reelected with 71 % of the popular vote . Polls indicate that he is among the senators most popular with their constituents , ranking third in 2014 and first in both 2015 and 2016 . Sanders rose to national prominence following his 2010 filibuster against the Middle Class Tax Relief Act of 2010 , which extended the Bush tax cuts that favored the wealthiest Americans . He has built a reputation as a leading progressive voice on issues such as campaign finance reform , corporate welfare , global warming , income inequality , LGBT rights , parental leave , and universal healthcare . Sanders has long been critical of U.S. foreign policy and was an early and outspoken opponent of the Iraq War , the First Gulf War , and U.S. support for the Contras in Nicaragua . He is also outspoken on civil liberties and civil rights , particularly criticizing racial discrimination in the criminal justice system as well as advocating for privacy rights against mass surveillance policies such as the USA PATRIOT Act and the NSA surveillance programs . Sanders announced his campaign for the Democratic presidential nomination on April 30 , 2015 . Initially considered a long shot , Sanders won 23 primaries and caucuses and approximately 43 % of pledged delegates to Clinton 's 55 % . His campaign was noted for the enthusiasm of its supporters , as well as his rejection of large donations from corporations , the financial industry , and any associated Super PAC . On July 12 , 2016 , Sanders formally endorsed Clinton against her Republican general election opponent Donald Trump , while urging his supporters to continue the `` political revolution '' his campaign had begun . In November 2016 , Sanders 's book Our Revolution : A Future to Believe In was released ; upon its release , it was on The New York Times best-seller list at number 3 . In 2016 Sanders formed a political organization , Our Revolution , to educate voters about issues , get people involved in the political process , and work to organize and elect progressive candidates . In February 2017 , Sanders began webcasting The Bernie Sanders Show on Facebook .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "0d86d00c11cbf2bedc6628128b38d9ce",
"text": "History of democracy A democracy is a political system , or a system of decision-making within an institution or organization , in which all members have an equal share of power . Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government : the capacity to intervene in their own societies and the recognition of their sovereignty by an international legalistic framework of similarly sovereign states . -LSB- 2 -RSB- Democratic government is commonly juxtaposed with oligarchic and monarchic systems , which are rule by a minority and a sole monarch respectively . Democracy in its earliest forms is generally associated with the efforts of the ancient Greeks and Romans , who were themselves considered the founders of Western civilization by the 18th century intellectuals who attempted to leverage these early democratic experiments into a new template for post-monarchical political organization . The extent to which these 18th century democratic revivalists succeeded in turning the democratic ideals of the ancient Greeks and Romans into the dominant political institution of the next 300 years is hardly debatable , even if the moral justifications they often employed might be . Nevertheless , the critical historical juncture catalyzed by the resurrection of democratic ideals and institutions fundamentally transformed the ensuing centuries and has dominated the international landscape since the dismantling of the final vestige of empire following the end of the Second World War . Modern representative democracies attempt to bridge the gulf between the Hobbesian ` state of nature ' and the grip of authoritarianism through ` social contracts ' that enshrine the rights of the citizens , curtail the power of the state , and grant agency through the right to vote .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25da80b77ee604af89f75bebd9874f11",
"text": "Socialist Party of Illinois The Socialist Party of Illinois ( SPIL ) is a political party in the state of Illinois . It was affiliated with the Socialist Party of America . It was founded in September 1901 , though the grouping met in 1900 at a convention in Chicago and supported Eugene V. Debs for president in 1900 . It was the successor to the Social Democratic Party of America . In 1915 , the party had 6,004 members . 44 party members held public office in that year , including one mayor , 18 aldermen and 2 members of the Illinois House of Representatives among others . The Chicago Socialist was the newspaper of the Socialist Party of Illinois . The Chicago Socialist Party was the most active local in the SPIL and one of the most active in the United States . It is now an affiliate of the Socialist Party USA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d58468ca498d1990d23664ae90c52fe1",
"text": "Communist revolution A communist revolution is a proletarian revolution often , but not necessarily inspired by the ideas of Marxism that aims to replace capitalism with communism , typically with socialism as an intermediate stage . The idea that a proletarian revolution is needed is a cornerstone of Marxism ; Marxists believe that the workers of the world must unite and free themselves from capitalist oppression to create a world run by and for the working class . Thus , in the Marxist view , proletarian revolutions need to happen in countries all over the world . Leninism argues that a communist revolution must be led by a vanguard of `` professional revolutionaries '' , men and women who are fully dedicated to the communist cause and who can then form the nucleus of the revolutionary movement . Some Marxists disagree with the idea of a vanguard as put forth by Lenin , especially left communists . Some who continue to consider themselves Marxist -- Leninists also oppose the vanguard despite disagreeing with the majority of left communism . These critics insist that the entire working class -- or at least a large part of it -- must be deeply involved and equally committed to the socialist or communist cause in order for a proletarian revolution to be successful . To this end , they seek to build massive communist parties with very large memberships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7038f014e7431ad21b8ce43f885be638",
"text": "Socialist Appeal (US, 1935) Socialist Appeal was the name of a newspaper published by American Trotskyists from 1935 to 1941 . It was started by supporters of the Trotskyist Workers Party of the United States in Chicago who had entered the Socialist Party of America in 1935 and was edited by Albert Goldman . In 1936 , when the Workers Party formerly dissolved and entered en masse into the SPA and in August 1937 the publication moved to New York City and was re-launched as the organ of the `` Left Wing Branches of the Socialist Party '' but was effectively controlled by the unofficial Trotskyist faction within the SPA . The `` Socialist Appeal tendency '' split from the Socialist Party to form the Socialist Workers Party in 1938 . The publication became the official organ of the SWP and continued as Socialist Appeal until 1941 when it was renamed The Militant , reverting to the name of the original ( 1928-1934 ) Communist League of America publication .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32dcad926c89a1e1dbb6fbce5ae890ef",
"text": "Swedish Social Democratic Party The Swedish Social Democratic Party , ( Sveriges socialdemokratiska arbetareparti , SAP ; literally , `` Social Democratic Workers ' Party of Sweden '' ) , contesting elections as the Arbetarepartiet -- Socialdemokraterna ( ` The Workers ' Party -- The Social Democrats ' ) , usually referred to just as the ` Social Democrats ' ( Socialdemokraterna ) ; is the oldest and largest political party in Sweden . The current party leader since 2012 is Stefan Löfven ; he has also been Prime Minister of Sweden since 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b028477e1f7532ca36d84f8b7dbfa52f",
"text": "Christian Social Party (Switzerland) The Christian Social Party ( CSP ) ( German : Christlich-soziale Partei ; French : Parti chrétien-social ) is a political party in Switzerland . The CSP is more social democratic than the Christian Democratic People 's Party of Switzerland ( CVP ) . With the moderate Christian left as its background , the CSP commits itself to social democratic and environmentalist political solutions . The core principles of the CSP contain , among others `` solidarity with the socially and economically disadvantaged and the preservation of the environment . '' The party should not be confused with the Christian Social Party of Obwalden , which is affiliated with the Christian Democratic People 's Party and holds a seat in the National Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df7dc9ba3f7a4d7954d5d46d79cbc167",
"text": "Welsh Socialist Alliance The Welsh Socialist Alliance ( WSA ) was a socialist political organisation in Wales . It was closely related to , but separate from the Socialist Alliance . It was founded by the Socialist Party and Cymru Goch and some independents . From the start this seemed to many an unlikely alliance given that the two principal groups involved have major disagreements over many issues , mainly over the national question . Cymru Goch called for an independent socialist republic whereas Socialist Party Wales at the time supported a Welsh parliament with law making powers short of independence . However they agreed to discuss the issue while the WSA called for the Welsh Assembly to have the same powers as the Scottish parliament . The WSA ensured that no one party could `` control '' it through the self-denying 40 % ordinance which limited members of any organisation to no more than 40 % of the Alliance committees . The Welsh Socialist Alliance stood on a joint United Socialist ticket with the Socialist Workers Party at the Welsh Assembly election , 1999 . The Socialist Workers Party has originally declined to accept the invitation to join the WSA because the SWP was opposed in principle to standing in elections . In 2000 it changed its position and entered the WSA . The attempts by the SWP to dominate the WSA destabilised the organisation and by the end of 2002 both Cymru Goch and Socialist Party Wales had left . The SWP ignored the 40 % rule and packed meetings with members to ensure that its position prevailed and its supporters were selected as candidates . Cymru Goch left when any opportunity to argue for its pro-independence position was closed off and the Socialist Party left when the SWP packed a selection meeting in Swansea to ensure that no Socialist Party candidates would be selected for Swansea seats in the General Election . The Socialist Party 's open letter of resignation ( http://www.socialistparty.org.uk/CampaignsSocialistAlliances.htm#SPW ) blamed the SWP : `` To lose one founding organisation could be unfortunate ; to lose both can only mark the decline of the WSA as a genuine alliance '' The WSA is now largely inactive and was regarded by some as being little more than a front for the SWP standing in elections until the launch of the Respect Coalition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bbd03bb497eb810a98b52b3f83ffc9f",
"text": "Social Democratic Federation (U.S., 1889) The Social Democratic Federation ( SDF ) was an American political party established as a result of a factional split in the Socialist Labor Party in 1889 . Moving its headquarters through a succession of cities , the organization landed in Cleveland , Ohio , merging with the Social Democracy of America -- forerunner of the Socialist Party of America -- in the summer of 1897 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbd8047b9796015123c453764feb1116",
"text": "Democratic and Social Centre Democratic and Social Centre may refer to : Democratic and Social Center - People 's Party ( Portuguese : Centro Democrático e Social - Partido Popular ) , a Portuguese centre-right political party , with an ideological foundation on Christian democracy , Conservatism and Classical liberalism , founded on 19 July 1974 . Centre of Social Democrats , a French Christian-democratic and centrist party , which existed from 1976 to 1995 . Democratic and Social Centre ( Spain ) , a Spanish moderate , social democratic and centrist political party , which was founded in 1982 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1894d78bdc58b2f963b5e8550cb2c999",
"text": "Socialist Party of Ohio The Socialist Party of Ohio ( SPOH ) is a socialist political party in the U.S. state of Ohio . Founded in 1901 , the SPO was an affiliate of the Socialist Party of America . Since the 1972 renaming of the SPA to Social Democrats , USA , it has been the state chapter of the Socialist Party USA ( SPUSA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58a683925a50395a9b6ea959e3515fd0",
"text": "Eugene V. Debs Eugene Victor `` Gene '' Debs ( November 5 , 1855 -- October 20 , 1926 ) was an American union leader , one of the founding members of the Industrial Workers of the World ( IWW or the Wobblies ) , and five times the candidate of the Socialist Party of America for President of the United States . Through his presidential candidacies , as well as his work with labor movements , Debs eventually became one of the best-known socialists living in the United States . Early in his political career , Debs was a member of the Democratic Party . He was elected as a Democrat to the Indiana General Assembly in 1884 . After working with several smaller unions , including the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen , Debs was instrumental in the founding of the American Railway Union ( ARU ) , one of the nation 's first industrial unions . After workers at the Pullman Palace Car Company organized a wildcat strike over pay cuts in the summer of 1894 , Debs signed many into the ARU . He called a boycott of the ARU against handling trains with Pullman cars , in what became the nationwide Pullman Strike , affecting most lines west of Detroit , and more than 250,000 workers in 27 states . To keep the mail running , President Grover Cleveland used the United States Army to break the strike . As a leader of the ARU , Debs was convicted of federal charges for defying a court injunction against the strike and served six months in prison . In jail , Debs read various works of socialist theory and emerged six months later as a committed adherent of the international socialist movement . Debs was a founding member of the Social Democracy of America ( 1897 ) , the Social Democratic Party of America ( 1898 ) , and the Socialist Party of America ( 1901 ) . Debs ran as a Socialist candidate for President of the United States five times , including 1900 ( earning 0.63 % of the popular vote ) , 1904 ( 2.98 % ) , 1908 ( 2.83 % ) , 1912 ( 5.99 % ) , and 1920 ( 3.41 % ) , the last time from a prison cell . He was also a candidate for United States Congress from his native state Indiana in 1916 . Debs was noted for his oratory , and his speech denouncing American participation in World War I led to his second arrest in 1918 . He was convicted under the Sedition Act of 1918 and sentenced to a term of 10 years . President Warren G. Harding commuted his sentence in December 1921 . Debs died in 1926 , not long after being admitted to a sanatorium due to cardiovascular problems that developed during his time in prison . He has since been cited as the inspiration for numerous politicians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0db8fd59061262838fa55e24cc470d97",
"text": "Social Democratic Party (Bolivia) The Social Democratic Party ( Spanish : Partido Social Demócrata , PSD ) was a conservative , small and elitist , but influential Bolivian political party formed by middle-class intellectuals . The Social Democratic Party was founded in 1944 by younger , conservative Bolivians committed to modernization and the technological and technocratic strategies they believed necessary to achieve it . Led by Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas ( Hernán Siles Zuazo 's half-brother ) , Roberto Arce , Manfredo Kempf Mercado , Gastón Arduz Eguia , Alberto Crespo Gutiérrez , Tomás Guillermo Elio , and Mario Estenssoro , the party embraced developmentalist , nominally Christian-Democratic principles . For the 1947 general elections the Party allied with the Liberal Party and Revolutionary Left Party and backed Liberal Luis Femando Guachalla as the coalition 's presidential candidate . For the 1951 general elections the PSD allied with the Republican Socialist Unity Party and backed PURS ' presidential candidate Gabriel Gosalvez . During the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement regime ( 1952 -- 1964 ) , the Social Democratic Party was a minor force , allied electorally with the Bolivian Socialist Falange . It was generally regarded as an ideological relic of the prerevolutionary period , surviving only because its leaders were relatively young . After Víctor Paz Estenssoro 's overthrow in 1964 , the Social Democratic Party obtained a new lease on life and cooperated with the military regime of General René Barrientos Ortuño . Their influence no doubt was stimulated by the growing prominence of `` technocrats '' in the military dictatorships of Brazil and Argentina . For the 1966 general elections PSD allied with the Revolutionary Left Party , Authentic Revolutionary Party and Popular Christian Movement and backed Barrientos as the coalition 's presidential candidate . The PSD 's leader , Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas was chosen as vice-presidential candidate . The PSD withdrew support Barrientos in 1968 , but returned to a pro-government stance , when René Barrientos Ortuño died in a helicopter crash on 27 April 1969 and Siles Salinas became president , serving with conspicuous dedication and honesty for five months until overthrown by General Alfredo Ovando Candía . In succeeding years , the Social Democratic Party became inactive after that , although Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas continued to pursue his presidential ambitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "323fdfd898203b82fb5b95e4cd178ebd",
"text": "Socialist democracy Socialist democracy can refer to mainly two things ; ( 1 ) any of several political parties . Groups using this name tend to have a connection to the reunified Fourth International , reflecting its distinctive position on socialist democracy and ( 2 ) a form of democracy espoused by parties espousing communism or political groups who supports socialist one-party states . Alternative 1 Socialist Democracy ( Australia ) Socialist Democracy ( Brazil ) Socialist Democracy ( Ireland ) Socialist Democracy Group ( England ) Socialist Democracy Party ( Canada ) Socialist Democracy Party ( Turkey ) Alternative 2 Dictatorship of the proletariat Democratic centralism Democratic socialism Category : Political party disambiguation pages Category : Democracy",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "754dac3b6c132d0e107f1dc01b2eaec6",
"text": "Larry Sanders (politician) Lawrence `` Larry '' Sanders ( born 25 April 1935 ) is an American-British academic , social worker , and Health Spokesperson of the Green Party of England and Wales . Sanders is the elder brother of United States Senator and former 2016 Democratic presidential candidate Bernie Sanders .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "760c0c9c4c5740f713c2fb2dd53e1c90",
"text": "Frank Llewellyn Frank Llewellyn is the former National Director of the Democratic Socialists of America ( DSA ) , which is the largest U.S. organization advocating democratic socialism . DSA is an affiliate of the Socialist International , which is the international association of socialist and social-democratic parties . Llewellyn has criticized the Republican Party 's use of the term `` socialist '' as a negative epithet , particularly since the Barack Obama 's presidential campaign . Llewellyn has also criticized the liberalism of the Democratic Party leadership . Llewellyn has spoken and written to support a social democratic agenda , which includes strengthened unions and a government-sponsored system of health care . In October 1983 , Frank Llewellyn was a New York delegate to the DSA conference in New York City . He was a member of the DSA 's Racial-Diversity Task-Force in 1992 , and a member of DSA 's steering committee in 1994 . He was also a member of the DSA 's delegation to the 12th and 13th congresses of the Socialist International . In 2011 , Llewellyn was succeeded as national director by Maria Svart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9943a25ec1a09a429180de642b3d5ba0",
"text": "Deputy Chair of the Democratic National Committee The Deputy Chair of the Democratic National Committee is a position within the United States Democratic Party that was created by Tom Perez in February 2017 after the 2017 DNC Chair race , won by Perez . After a close victory over Minnesota Congressman Keith Ellison , Perez appointed Ellison as Deputy Chair to lessen the divide in the Democratic Party after the contentious 2016 Democratic presidential primaries , which saw conflicts between supporters of Hillary Clinton and Bernie Sanders . Perez was seen as being more in line with the Clinton wing ( liberal ) , while Ellison was more in line with the Sanders wing ( progressive ) . The role has been described as largely ceremonial .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4241eb73ba08e4a5c1da719a279ec135",
"text": "Democratic Socialist Movement (South Africa) The Democratic Socialist Movement ( DSM ) is a Trotskyist organisation in South Africa , affiliated to the Committee for a Workers ' International , and a founding member of the Workers and Socialist Party ( WASP ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7962a01436f911a28e75d15bda5ebde",
"text": "Orthodox Marxism Orthodox Marxism is the body of Marxist thought that emerged following the death of Karl Marx which became the official philosophy of the socialist movement as represented in the Second International until the First World War . Orthodox Marxism aims to simplify , codify and systematize Marxist methodology and theory , ironing out the perceived ambiguities and contradictions of Classical Marxism . The `` orthodoxy '' in orthodox Marxism specifically refers to the methodology of historical materialism and dialectical materialism employed and not to any of the normative aspects inherent to classical Marxism . `` Orthodox '' does not imply adherence to the results of Marx 's own investigations . The fundamental characteristics of orthodox Marxism include the understanding that material development ( advances in technology in the productive forces ) is the primary agent of change in the structure of society and human social relations , and that social systems and their relations ( e.g. : feudalism , capitalism , etc. ) become increasingly contradictory and inefficient as the productive forces advance , resulting in some form of social revolution arising in response to these mounting contradictions . This revolutionary change serves as the vehicle for fundamental society-wide changes and ultimately leads to the emergence of new economic systems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9540e0d3cdee222cdb436490003ca10",
"text": "Third Way In politics , the Third Way is a position akin to centrism that tries to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of right-wing economic and left-wing social policies . The Third Way was created as a serious re-evaluation of political policies within various centre-left progressive movements in response to international doubt regarding the economic viability of the state ; economic interventionist policies that had previously been popularized by Keynesianism and contrasted with the corresponding rise of popularity for economic liberalism and the New Right . The Third Way is promoted by some social democratic and social liberal movements . Major Third Way social democratic proponent Tony Blair claimed that the socialism he advocated was different from traditional conceptions of socialism . Blair said `` My kind of socialism is a set of values notions of social justice ... Socialism as a rigid form of economic determinism has ended , and rightly '' . Blair referred to it as `` social-ism '' that involves politics that recognized individuals as socially interdependent , and advocated social justice , social cohesion , equal worth of each citizen , and equal opportunity . Third Way social democratic theorist Anthony Giddens has said that the Third Way rejects the traditional conception of socialism , and instead accepts the conception of socialism as conceived of by Anthony Crosland as an ethical doctrine that views social democratic governments as having achieved a viable ethical socialism by removing the unjust elements of capitalism by providing social welfare and other policies , and that contemporary socialism has outgrown the Marxian claim for the need of the abolition of capitalism . Blair in 2009 publicly declared support for a `` new capitalism '' . It supports the pursuit of greater egalitarianism in society through action to increase the distribution of skills , capacities , and productive endowments , while rejecting income redistribution as the means to achieve this . It emphasizes commitment to balanced budgets , providing equal opportunity combined with an emphasis on personal responsibility , decentralization of government power to the lowest level possible , encouragement of public-private partnerships , improving labour supply , investment in human development , protection of social capital , and protection of the environment . The Third Way has been criticized by some conservatives and libertarians who advocate laissez-faire capitalism . It has also been heavily criticized by many social democrats , democratic socialists , anarchists and communists in particular as a betrayal of left-wing values . Specific definitions of Third Way policies may differ between Europe and America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7f368dc486cff97a623531df0640872",
"text": "Socialist Party (San Marino) The Socialist Party ( Partito Socialista , PS ) is a Moderate and social-democratic political party in San Marino . The party was founded on 30 May 2012 as a merger of the New Socialist Party and Sammarinese Reformist Socialist Party . During the Sammarinese election of 2012 the party joined the unsuccessful centrist coalition of the Agreement for the Country , even if the party itself obtained quite good results gaining 7 seats .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0503a558a1160250a729f657ee9a515b | WALL-E had a budget of $180 million. | [
{
"docid": "09efd9cdc002b1da3c6892f187f070e9",
"text": "WALL-E WALL-E ( stylized with an interpunct as WALL · E ) is a 2008 American computer-animated dystopian science fiction comedy film directed and co-written by Andrew Stanton , produced by Jim Morris , and co-written by Jim Reardon . It stars the voices of Ben Burtt , Elissa Knight , Jeff Garlin , Fred Willard , John Ratzenberger , Kathy Najimy , Sigourney Weaver and the MacInTalk system . It was produced by Pixar Animation Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Pictures , and was the overall ninth feature film produced by the company . After directing Finding Nemo , Stanton felt Pixar had created believable simulations of underwater physics and was willing to direct a film set largely in space . WALL-E has minimal dialogue in its early sequences ; many of the characters do not have voices , but instead communicate with body language and robotic sounds designed by Ben Burtt . The film criticizes consumerism , corporatism , nostalgia , waste management , human environmental impact and concerns , obesity , and global catastrophic risk . It is also Pixar 's first animated film with segments featuring live-action characters . Following Pixar tradition , WALL-E was paired with a short film titled Presto for its theatrical release . WALL-E was released in the United States and Canada on June 27 , 2008 , by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures . It was an instant blockbuster , grossing $ 533.3 million worldwide over a $ 180 million budget , receiving overwhelming acclaim from critics and winning the 2008 Golden Globe Award for Best Animated Feature Film , the 2009 Hugo Award for Best Long Form Dramatic Presentation , the final Nebula Award for Best Script , the Saturn Award for Best Animated Film and the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature with five nominations . The film also topped Times `` Best Movies of the Decade '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "13104f0418b0eecf7bd552fa184702e7",
"text": "National Infrastructure Reinvestment Bank The creation of a National Infrastructure Reinvestment Bank was first proposed by United States Senator Christopher J. Dodd and Senator Chuck Hagel in 2007 . However , several other iterations of a National Infrastructure Bank have been proposed and considered and it is likely that implementing legislation for the Bank will look quite different from that which was proposed in the original legislation . Barack Obama backed the proposed legislation in February 2008 and repeated his call in September 2010 , although he did not provide specifics about how the Bank should operate . In 2008 , Obama suggested that the Bank would borrow US$ 60 billion of federal funding to invest in infrastructure over 10 years , while leveraging `` up to $ 500 billion '' of private investment . It would invest in high-speed trains to provide an alternative to air travel , energy efficiency , and clean energy , among other kinds of public infrastructure . According to Obama , the Bank 's `` work will be determined by what will maximize our safety and security and ability to compete '' and it would `` create nearly two million new jobs '' , mainly in the construction industry . According to the text of the proposed legislation , funding for the bank would be taken from borrowed funds not to exceed one percent . The Bank would complement existing federal programs to fund infrastructure , such as the Highway Trust Fund or State Revolving Funds . It is expected to invest primarily in surface transport infrastructure , which is likely to include highways and mass transit . Obama did not mention investments in water supply and sanitation as an area of activity for the new Bank . The American Water Works Association ( AWWA ) estimates that investment in water supply and sanitation in the United States will have to be `` over $ 250 billion above current levels of spending in the next 20 to 30 years '' to replace aging infrastructure . The original version of the bill expired with the 110th Congress ; a different version of the bill was introduced into the 112th Congress by U.S. Representative Rosa L. DeLauro ( D - Connecticut 3rd District ) as H.R. 402 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7de5aa42887b0ccbd05f8f2ef5c84e3",
"text": "Executive Order 13772 Executive Order 13772 , titled `` Core Principles for Regulating the United States Financial System '' , is an executive order signed by U.S. President Donald Trump on February 3 , 2017 . The eighth executive action by the president during his first 100 days in office , it establishes the `` core principles '' of regulation under the Trump Administration and tasks the United States Department of the Treasury to review the Financial Stability Oversight Council , originally established under the Dodd -- Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act , and report to the President in 120 days on current regulations and their effectiveness in carrying out these core principles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8aef824e79201e941ab1e55107ee06c0",
"text": "Working Group on Financial Markets The Working Group on Financial Markets ( also , President 's Working Group on Financial Markets , the Working Group , and colloquially the Plunge Protection Team ) was created by Executive Order 12631 , signed on March 18 , 1988 , by United States President Ronald Reagan . As established by the executive order , the Working Group has three purposes and functions : '' ( a ) Recognizing the goals of enhancing the integrity , efficiency , orderliness , and competitiveness of our Nation 's financial markets and maintaining investor confidence , the Working Group shall identify and consider : ( 1 ) the major issues raised by the numerous studies on the events in the financial markets surrounding October 19 , 1987 , and any of those recommendations that have the potential to achieve the goals noted above ; and ( 2 ) the actions , including governmental actions under existing laws and regulations ( such as policy coordination and contingency planning ) , that are appropriate to carry out these recommendations . ( b ) The Working Group shall consult , as appropriate , with representatives of the various exchanges , clearinghouses , self-regulatory bodies , and with major market participants to determine private sector solutions wherever possible . ( c ) The Working Group shall report to the President initially within 60 days ( and periodically thereafter ) on its progress and , if appropriate , its views on any recommended legislative changes . '' The Working Group consists of : The Secretary of the Treasury , or his or her designee ( as Chairperson of the Working Group ) ; The Chairperson of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System , or his or her designee ; The Chairperson of the Securities and Exchange Commission , or his or her designee ; and The Chairperson of the Commodity Futures Trading Commission , or his or her designee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37607a29642073fe04a20f29c1c0ae8a",
"text": "The Global Dow The Global Dow ( GDOW ) is a 150-stock index of corporations from around the world , created by Dow Jones & Company . Only blue-chip stocks are included in the index . Like its progenitor , the Dow Jones Industrial Average ( INDU ) , stocks in The Global Dow are selected by senior editors of The Wall Street Journal . Joining them for this new index were Dow Jones Newswires senior editors in the three major regions of the globe . The Global Dow is bigger -- 150 stocks rather than 30 -- and its components are weighted equally rather than by price . All 30 Dow industrial stocks are included , as well as some from the Dow Jones Transportation and Utility averages . The Global Dow tracks leading companies from around the world in all industries , selected not just for current size and reputation but also for their potential . It covers both developed and emerging markets . In addition , it includes companies from emerging sectors , such as alternative energy . The components are equally weighted , which means that price movements of the larger stocks have no greater impact on index performance than those of the smaller stocks . The Global Dow is calculated and disseminated in real time by Dow Jones Indexes . Current and closing values can be accessed daily in The Wall Street Journal , and real time at www.djindexes.com . The Base Value is 1000 as of December 31 , 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18d5f70e233524d849a44f3241d5f336",
"text": "Doug Lowenstein Douglas Lowenstein is the founder and former President of the Entertainment Software Association ( ESA ) . He resigned on February 12 , 2007 to head up the newly formed Private Equity Council . Doug started his career as a reporter for The Buffalo Courier Express from 1973-74 . He was awarded the Buffalo newspaper Guild 's Rookie of the Year award in 1974 . He moved to Washington , DC in 1974 to take a position as a reporter for the Capitol Hill News Service . In 1976 , he joined the Cox Newspapers Washington Bureau . After six years at Cox , Lowenstein joined the Senate staff of U.S. Sen. Howard M. Metzenbaum , Democrat of Ohio . He served the last two years of his five-year stint on the Hill as Metzenbaum 's Legislative Director . Doug became the first president of the ESA , then called the Interactive Digital Software Association ( IDSA ) , in June 1994 . Creator and owner of the E3 Tradeshow , the Entertainment Software Rating Board ( ESRB ) , and the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences , the ESA is the only association exclusively dedicated to serving the business and public affairs needs of companies that publish video and computer games , for video game consoles , personal computers , and the Internet . As president , Lowenstein was responsible for the association 's operations and for sector-wide initiatives that affect the nation 's fastest growing entertainment industry . Doug worked cooperatively with parallel industry trade associations including the Video Software Dealers Association ( VSDA ) and Interactive Entertainment Merchants Association ( IEMA ) to defeat hundreds of anti-games legislation across the United States . He was the industry 's go-to person in Washington , D.C. on all legislative matters ranging from piracy to censorship and was frequently called upon as the trade 's spokesperson , representing the software publisher 's perspective . Lowenstein was a very public figure in his service of the games business - along with Patricia Vance , ESRB head and Hal Halpin , IEMA boss - and as such had both his supporters and detractors in the industry and media . Critics were vocal about his passivity with regard to anti-games advocates , most notably Jack Thompson , who repeatedly attacked Lowenstein personally and professionally , even going so far as to liken him to `` Hitler '' . Doug did however , deliver a very pointed speech in his final days in the job which drew the ire of many in the interactive entertainment business . Prior to joining the staff of the ESA , Lowenstein was an Executive Vice President in the Washington , D.C. and New York strategic communications firm Robinson Lake Sawyer Miller , Inc. . From 1986 to 1991 , Lowenstein was a principal in National Strategies , Inc. , a Washington , D.C. public policy consulting firm . In 1982 , he began a five year-stint in the office of U.S. Sen. Howard Metzenbaum ( D-Ohio ) , including two as Legislative Director . From 1976 to 1982 , Lowenstein was a Washington , D.C. correspondent in the Cox Newspapers Washington bureau . Lowenstein is also the author of `` Lowenstein : Acts of Courage and Belief '' about his late uncle , political and civil rights activist and former Congressman Allard Lowenstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c",
"text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6417de893c1edbcbdd719d2dc88892d6",
"text": "Lawrence A. Gordon Lawrence A. Gordon is the EY Alumni Professor of Managerial Accounting and Information Assurance at the University of Maryland 's Robert H. Smith School of Business . He is also an Affiliate Professor in the University of Maryland Institute for Advanced Computer Studies . Dr. Gordon earned his Ph.D. in Managerial Economics from Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute . An internationally known scholar in the areas of managerial accounting ( often called management accounting ) and cybersecurity economics , Dr. Gordon 's research focuses on such issues as economic aspects of information security ( including cybersecurity or computer security ) , corporate performance measures , cost management systems , and capital investments . He is the author of approximately 100 articles , published in such journals as The Accounting Review , ACM Transactions on Information and System Security , Communications of the ACM , Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis , Journal of Computer Security , MIS Quarterly , Accounting , Organizations and Society , and the Journal of Accounting and Public Policy . Dr. Gordon 's current research emphasizes the importance of applying concepts from economics and managerial accounting to an information-based economy . Dr. Gordon is the co-creator ( with Martin P. Loeb ) of the Gordon-Loeb Model , which provides a mathematical economic model for deriving an organization 's optimal investment level in cyber/information security . The Gordon-Loeb Model has been featured in The Wall Street Journal and The Financial Times . For a 3-minute video that provides a non-mathematical overview of the Model , go to : https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cd8dT0FuqQ4 . Dr. Gordon also is the author of several books , including Managerial Accounting : Concepts and Empirical Evidence , Managing Cybersecurity Resources : A Cost-Benefit Analysis and Improving Capital Budgeting : A Decision Support System Approach . In addition , he is the Editor-in-Chief of the Journal of Accounting and Public Policy and serves on the editorial boards of several other journals . Dr. Gordon 's research has over 6,400 citations in Google Scholar . The recipient of numerous research and teaching awards , Dr. Gordon has been an invited speaker at various universities throughout the world . He also has served as a consultant to several private sector and public sector organizations . In October 2007 , he was invited to provide Congressional Testimony concerning his research on cybersecurity economics before a Subcommittee of the U.S. House Committee on Homeland Security . In addition to the Smith School of Business support , Dr. Gordon 's research on cybersecurity economics has been supported by the United States National Security Agency and the United States Department of Homeland Security .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ec5879ae0ce9084851035df9a5a9d07",
"text": "Chewco Chewco Investments L. P. , was a limited partnership associated with the Enron scandal , which resulted in the bankruptcy of Enron . It was named after the Star Wars character Chewbacca , because it was created to hide losses from the Joint Energy Development Investment Limited , known by its acronym `` JEDI '' . Like Chewbacca , the Jedi Knights were prominent characters in Star Wars . Enron created Chewco as a limited partnership which would help keep the JEDI project off its books . It wanted to buy out the California Public Employees ' Retirement System 's interest in JEDI , but it did not want to be forced , by accepted accounting principles , to consolidate JEDI in the Enron financial statements and thus reflect debt and/or financial losses . Enron wanted to keep JEDI afloat , but it needed a partner to take at least a 3 % stake , or the partnership 's results would have to be included in Enron 's financial statements . Chewco was created to be that partner . The Chewco structure did not meet the SPE consolidation rules . The three basic rules for nonconsolidation of an SPE require that the independent equity investor -- continuously invest at least 3 % of the SPE 's assets ; exercise control of and assume risks of the SPE ; and like all other transactions , provide real ( potential ) economic benefits to Enron . Chewco appeared to meet these tests , because it was financed by an unsecured loan from Barclay 's Bank ; in reality , however , the loan had been guaranteed by Enron stock held by Enron itself . Additionally , as investors became more wary of Chewco , Michael Kopper , an Enron employee who reported to CFO Andrew Fastow , took over the titular management role and was used to hide actual ownership . With Enron thus assuming practical control over Chewco , the structure did not meet an additional requirement for a non-consolidated SPE . More prosaically , this was one of many ways in which Enron `` cooked the books '' , failing to disclose corporate debt that SEC regulations require to be disclosed . Over the course of three years , Kopper received between $ 1.5 and $ 2 million in management fees from Chewco , some of which was kicked back to Fastow in the form of checks written to members of his family . According to the Powers Report ( the report of the investigative committee chaired by William Powers , Jr ) Kopper did little actual work , aside from time spent manipulating the books . Chewco itself did little actual work other than moving funds from one account to another , and that was done with minor expenditure of labor by lower-level employees . After all was said and done , Enron used Chewco to report roughly $ 400 million in profits which did not exist , while concealing $ 600 million in debt . Enron 's requirement to restate its earnings to remove this fake $ 400 million profit was a primary catalyst of Enron 's downfall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b1de582408c1dc460543ecbfd9b8022",
"text": "PIMCO Pacific Investment Management Company , LLC ( commonly called PIMCO ) , is an American investment management firm headquartered in Newport Beach , California , with over 2,000 employees working in 13 offices across 12 countries , and $ 1.51 trillion in assets under management as of 30 June 2016 . The company provides mutual funds and other portfolio management and asset allocation solutions for millions of investors worldwide . PIMCO offers a broad list of investment strategies that encompass the entire risk spectrum and capital structure , including core bonds and credit , structured credit , alternatives , real assets , equities and currencies . PIMCO oversees investments on behalf of millions of clients , including retirement savers , public and private pension plans , educational institutions , central banks and government agencies , foundations and endowments and financial intermediaries among others . The firm , a prominent thought leader in the financial markets , is known to have coined and popularized the phrase `` The New Normal '' in the aftermath of the subprime mortgage crisis in 2009 . `` The new normal '' as a standalone phrase has a long history dating to the post-First World War era and then seeing a new resurgence in use in the post 9/11 era . More recently , PIMCO introduced `` The New Neutral '' thesis to characterize a period of lower but stable economic growth , and interest rates to remain lower than historically for a longer period of time . In April 2015 , PIMCO announced the hire of former Federal Reserve Chairman , Dr. Ben Bernanke as a Senior Advisor , following in the footsteps of predecessor Federal Reserve Chairman , Alan Greenspan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59479e707be329441073301ea299b277",
"text": "Scot J. Paltrow Scot J. Paltrow is an American journalist . A financial journalist , Paltrow currently works for Reuters . Paltrow is from New York . He received his bachelor 's degree from the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences and a master 's degree from the London School of Economics . Paltrow 's journalism career began in 1977 when he joined the Memphis Commercial Appeal as a reporter . The following year , he joined the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner , where his investigative series on corruption in Industry , California , `` The City of Insiders , '' resulted in federal and state criminal probes and several convictions . In 1981 , Paltrow moved to the Washington Star , where he covered federal courts . After the Star shut down the same year , Paltrow moved to the Wall Street Journal , where he was a reporter in the Los Angeles bureau . In 1985 , Paltrow became a European correspondent for the Journal based in Brussels . In April 1988 , Paltrow returned to the United States as New York financial bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times . During this period he did numerous investigative stories on Wall Street investment banks , markets and the insurance industry . '' While at the Times , Paltrow won a 1993 George Polk Award for Financial Reporting . Paltrow returned to the Wall Street Journal in May 1997 and served as senior special writer based in New York and writes for the paper 's Washington bureau . In 2007 , following Rupert Murdoch 's purchase of Dow Jones & Company ( which owns the Wall Street Journal ) , Paltrow left the paper and joined Condé Nast 's Portfolio.com as a contributing editor , starting September 1 , 2007 , following another longtime Journal journalist who moved to Portfolio.com , Peter Waldman . In September 2010 , Paltrow moved to Reuters , where he and fellow financial journalist Mark Hosenball were brought on as `` key hires '' in an effort to expand Reuters ' `` coverage of business , Wall Street and Washington . '' Paltrow joined Reuters to cover `` financial crimes , specifically covering criminal and civil investigations related to the financial crisis , as well as the effort to more closely regulate and police the financial world . '' In 2012 , Paltrow won a Society of American Business Editors and Writers Best in Business Awards in the Explanatory/News Agency category for his investigation into banks ' use of robo-signing . Paltrow has written a report , The Case for a Stronger Federal Role in Insurance Regulation : Weak State Regulation Highlights the Need for Federal Oversight of Health Premiums , for the Center for American Progress Action Fund . Paltrow has received a Gerald Loeb Award . Paltrow won 1992 and 1993 John Hancock Awards for Excellence in Business & Financial Journalism , the 1994 Los Angeles Times Editorial Award , the Unity Award in Media , and a 2001 Deadline Club Award from New York City Chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82ce5efc975419724b224b726e86091e",
"text": "Set piece In film production , a set piece is a scene or sequence of scenes whose execution requires serious logistical planning and considerable expenditure of money . The term set piece is often used more broadly to describe any important dramatic or comedic highpoint in a film or story , particularly those that provide some kind of dramatic payoff , resolution , or transition . Thus the term is often used to describe any scenes that are so essential to a film that they can not be edited out or skipped in the shooting schedule without seriously damaging the integrity of the finished product . Often , screenplays are written around a list of such set pieces , particularly in high-budget `` event movies '' . Set pieces are very often planned meticulously using storyboards , screentests , and rehearsals , in contrast to smaller scenes where the director and actors may be more improvisational . Each action requires the combined efforts of different departments : set builders , physical effects , and special visual effects . On most films , different groups of people will work on different set pieces individually since they can take a long time to prepare before shooting . For example , the car chase in The Matrix Reloaded took months to prepare and cost $ 30 million , including $ 5 million to build the freeway set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7",
"text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b29beb23a40bebdc88e1447c50df59db",
"text": "Banking in the United States Banking in the United States is regulated by both the federal and state governments . The five largest banks in the United States at December 31 , 2011 were JPMorgan Chase , Bank of America , Citigroup , Wells Fargo , and Goldman Sachs . In December 2011 , the five largest banks ' assets were equal to 56 percent of the U.S. economy , compared with 43 percent five years earlier . The U.S. finance industry comprised only 10 % of total non-farm business profits in 1947 , but it grew to 50 % by 2010 . Over the same period , finance industry income as a proportion of GDP rose from 2.5 % to 7.5 % , and the finance industry 's proportion of all corporate income rose from 10 % to 20 % . The mean earnings per employee hour in finance relative to all other sectors has closely mirrored the share of total U.S. income earned by the top 1 % income earners since 1930 . The mean salary in New York City 's finance industry rose from $ 80,000 in 1981 to $ 360,000 in 2011 , while average New York City salaries rose from $ 40,000 to $ 70,000 . In 1988 , there were about 12,500 U.S. banks with less than $ 300 million in deposits , and about 900 with more deposits , but by 2012 , there were only 4,200 banks with less than $ 300 million in deposits in the U.S. , and over 1,800 with more . American banking is closely linked to the UK ; in 2014 , the biggest US banks held almost 70 percent of their on and off-balance sheet foreign assets there .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64c1380b7f9961b0eecc07041b28f3ff",
"text": "Office of Net Assessment The United States Department of Defense 's Office of Net Assessment ( ONA ) was created in 1973 by Richard Nixon to serve as the Pentagon 's `` internal think tank '' that `` looks 20 to 30 years into the military 's future , often with the assistance of outside contractors , and produces reports on the results of its research '' . The Director of Net Assessment is the principal staff assistant and advisor to the Secretary and Deputy Secretary of Defense on net assessment . According to Defense Directive 5111.11 , the Director shall develop and coordinate net assessments of the standing , trends , and future prospects of U.S. military capabilities and military potential in comparison with those of other countries or groups of countries in order to identify emerging or future threats or opportunities for the United States . Paul Bracken explains that it is important to have a good grasp of net assessment because it is an `` important part of the language spoken by leaders in the higher levels of DOD '' and officers who lack familiarity `` will be at a disadvantage in communicating with the civilian leadership '' . Andrew Marshall was named its first director , a position he continued to hold under succeeding administrations . In October 2014 , Marshall announced plans to retire in January 2015 . He was replaced by Jim Baker in May 2015 . Staff members have included : David S. Yost John Milam , strategic analyst Donald Henry , `` special assistant to the director of net assessment in the Office of Net Assessment within OSD '' Stephen Michael Meyer Andrew D. May Andrew F. Krepinevich , Jr. , formerly the president of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments Keith Bickel , currently Director of Corporate Strategy for Freddie Mac Tim Graczewski , currently Director of Strategic Alliances & Corporate Development for Intuit Larry Seaquist , recently a member of Washington State 's House of Representatives",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "217cf9030e23f3ab902741569570d4fb",
"text": "Reuters Insider Reuters Insider is a website provided by Thomson Reuters that offers financial videos for viewing online , and launched on May 11 , 2010 . Visitors can view videos free-of-charge during the current promotional period , after which the website will only be accessible to Reuters subscribers , who typically pay about US$ 2,000 per month . The website has been described as `` YouTube for traders '' . Video from the website is created by Thomson Reuters ' own reporters , as well as the company 's roughly 150 partners . Thomson Reuters spent about $ 100 million to develop the website . Reuters Insider is targeted towards financial experts , while Thomson Reuter 's primary competitor , Bloomberg L.P. , has begun to focus more on targeting the average consumer by purchasing business magazine BusinessWeek . The website is part of an overall $ 1 billion plan by the company to update its technology to make financial information accessible to more users .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "972d758e113d9d8d802856623f6a04e7",
"text": "Private equity firm A private equity firm is an investment management company that provides financial backing and makes investments in the private equity of startup or operating companies through a variety of loosely affiliated investment strategies including leveraged buyout , venture capital , and growth capital . Often described as a financial sponsor , each firm will raise funds that will be invested in accordance with one or more specific investment strategies . Typically , a private equity firm will raise pools of capital , or private equity funds that supply the equity contributions for these transactions . Private equity firms will receive a periodic management fee as well as a share in the profits earned ( carried interest ) from each private equity fund managed . Private equity firms , with their investors , will acquire a controlling or substantial minority position in a company and then look to maximize the value of that investment . Private equity firms generally receive a return on their investments through one of the following avenues : an initial public offering ( IPO ) -- shares of the company are offered to the public , typically providing a partial immediate realization to the financial sponsor as well as a public market into which it can later sell additional shares ; a merger or acquisition -- the company is sold for either cash or shares in another company ; a recapitalization -- cash is distributed to the shareholders ( in this case the financial sponsor ) and its private equity funds either from cash flow generated by the company or through raising debt or other securities to fund the distribution . Private equity firms characteristically make longer-hold investments in target industry sectors or specific investment areas where they have expertise . Private equity firms and investment funds should not be confused with hedge fund firms which typically make shorter-term investments in securities and other more liquid assets within an industry sector but with less direct influence or control over the operations of a specific company . Where private equity firms take on operational roles to manage risks and achieve growth through long term investments , hedge funds more frequently act as short-term traders of securities betting on both the up and down sides of a business or of an industry sector 's financial health .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "125057216a549454f391403b44408ba0",
"text": "Wall Street Warriors Wall Street Warriors is a documentary and reality TV series that details the lives of various Wall Street entrepreneurs . A MOJO HD channel original series , each episode is 30 minutes long and shot in high definition video . Currently two seasons have aired and a third season is in production . MOJO HD recently announced it will be going dark in December , 2008 and it is uncertain which network will air the current season of the series . On February 18 , 2009 the opening scenes surfaced on the web for the Wall Street Warriors Season 3 . Even though it was a very brief video it seems to have been made during the peak of the October 2008 stockmarket turmoil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5d45c1706bea1375e0141b8f05c0188a | Ellen DeGeneres never had a stand-up career. | [
{
"docid": "44440996479ace8f9dcfad828161d898",
"text": "Ellen DeGeneres Ellen Lee DeGeneres ( -LSB- dᵻˈdʒɛnərᵻs -RSB- born January 26 , 1958 ) is an American comedian , television host , actress , writer , and producer . DeGeneres starred in the popular sitcom Ellen from 1994 to 1998 and has hosted her syndicated TV talk show , The Ellen DeGeneres Show , since 2003 . Her stand-up career started in the early 1980s , and included a 1986 appearance on The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson . As a film actress , DeGeneres starred in Mr. Wrong ( 1996 ) , appeared in EDtv ( 1999 ) , and The Love Letter ( 1999 ) , and provided the voice of Dory in the Pixar animated films Finding Nemo ( 2003 ) and Finding Dory ( 2016 ) ; for Nemo , she was awarded the Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress , the first time an actress won a Saturn Award for a voice performance . In 2010 , she was a judge on American Idol for its ninth season . She starred in two television sitcoms , Ellen from 1994 to 1998 , and The Ellen Show from 2001 to 2002 . During the fourth season of Ellen in 1997 , she came out as a lesbian in an appearance on The Oprah Winfrey Show . Her character , Ellen Morgan , also came out to a therapist played by Winfrey , and the series went on to explore various LGBT issues , including the coming-out process . This made her the first openly lesbian actress to play an openly lesbian character on television . In 2008 , she married her longtime girlfriend Portia de Rossi . DeGeneres has hosted the Academy Awards , Grammy Awards , and the Primetime Emmys . She has authored three books and started her own record company , Eleveneleven . She has won 29 Emmys , 20 People 's Choice Awards ( more than any other person ) , and numerous other awards for her work and charitable efforts . In 2016 , she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b4d78ceb190d29baf35da7a7d7146f86",
"text": "Kathleen Noone Kathleen Noone ( born Kathleen O'Meara , January 8 , 1945 ) is an American actress . She began her career as a singer in nightclubs and performed in musicals in off-Broadway stage , before making her television debut in the CBS daytime soap opera , As the World Turns ( 1975 -- 76 ) . From 1977 to 1989 , Noone played Ellen Shepherd Dalton on the ABC daytime soap opera , All My Children . For this role , she won Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 1987 . In 1990 , Noone moved to prime time , starring as villainous Claudia Whittaker in the CBS series , Knots Landing ( 1990 -- 1993 ) . She returned to daytime television as Bette Katzenkazrahi on NBC 's Sunset Beach ( 1997 -- 1999 ) , for which she received another Daytime Emmy Award nomination . She also has had the recurring roles on L.A. Law , Party of Five , According to Jim , and Dexter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79ee45ed83325535b3b268bfa98cfef7",
"text": "Eisner Award The Will Eisner Comic Industry Awards , commonly shortened to the Eisner Awards , are prizes given for creative achievement in American comic books , sometimes referred to as the Comics Industry 's equivalent of the Oscar Awards . They are named in honor of the pioneering writer and artist Will Eisner , who was a regular participant in the award ceremony until his death in 2005 . The Eisner Awards include the Comic Industry 's Hall of Fame . The nominations in each category are generated by a five-member panel , then voted on by comic book professionals and presented at the annual San Diego Comic-Con International convention held in July , usually on a Friday .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49359cd95d89b659f38d5a9bc3a5813c",
"text": "The Comedian (2016 film) The Comedian is a 2016 American comedy-drama film directed by Taylor Hackford and written by Lewis Friedman , Richard LaGravenese , Art Linson , and Jeff Ross . The film stars Robert De Niro , Leslie Mann , Danny DeVito , Edie Falco , Veronica Ferres , Charles Grodin , Cloris Leachman , Patti LuPone and Harvey Keitel . The film had its world premiere at the AFI Fest on November 11 , 2016 and was released on December 9 , 2016 , by Sony Pictures Classics . The film opened to negative reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83856fa034fa80beafca3283167e8e3b",
"text": "Ellen Marlow Ellen Taylor Marlow ( born February 22 , 1994 ) is a former American child actress . She is best known for her role as Claire Lyons in The Clique movie based on the books by Lisi Harrison .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40a1f6971d30f39c8d3b3f7602f4c97c",
"text": "Saturday Night Live (season 22) The twenty-second season of Saturday Night Live , an American sketch comedy series , originally aired in the United States on NBC between September 28 , 1996 , and May 17 , 1997 . This season is notable for the host selection . Seven of the 20 hosts were former cast members . They included Dana Carvey , Robert Downey , Jr. , Phil Hartman , Chris Rock , Martin Short , Chevy Chase and Mike Myers . This would mark Chase 's final time hosting before getting banned ( returning much later for numerous guest appearances ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "854b2f496606f9c81e0f2f8fc27abb05",
"text": "Moonlight and Valentino Moonlight and Valentino is a 1995 comedy-drama film directed by David Anspaugh . The screenplay by Ellen Simon is based on her semi-autobiographical play of the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc95c206832917d8b508fa9c9bc3bb67",
"text": "Grandma Lee Lee Strong ( born May 29 , 1934 ) , better known by her stage name Grandma Lee , is an American stand-up comedian and was a contestant on the fourth season of America 's Got Talent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f308393388860b76d30d8fb28746f83",
"text": "Nor Kiddie Nor Kiddie was the stage name of the comedian , actor and juggler of the 1920s and '30s , Norman Chilton Kiddie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc8bf81f27171c034bdfe3b7a72d18a",
"text": "History of Saturday Night Live (1995–2000) Saturday Night Live is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show 's run . The show has aired on NBC since 1975 . After a disastrous 1994 -- 95 season featuring a mix of old and new characters , Michaels decided to once again revamp the cast , keeping only five cast members and hiring six . The 1995 -- 96 season once again saved the show from cancellation , introducing a new era of Saturday Night Live characters and sketches that were highly popular with audiences . This cast stayed mostly stable until the 1998 -- 99 season , which added cast members such as Jimmy Fallon and Horatio Sanz . These two would pave the way for the next era of Saturday Night Live in the early 2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c",
"text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49c91b0cc2e32a38ed7664ba3812605f",
"text": "IO Theater iO , or iO Chicago , ( formerly known as `` ImprovOlympic '' ) is an improv theater and training center in central Chicago , with a branch in Los Angeles called iO West . The theater both teaches and hosts performances of improvisational comedy . It was founded in 1981 by the late Del Close and Charna Halpern . The theater has many notable alumni , including Amy Poehler and Stephen Colbert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01489e8a57e3cdfa09ad13e81e26060f",
"text": "Richard Degener Richard Kempster Degener ( March 14 , 1912 -- August 24 , 1995 ) was an American diver who competed in the 1932 Summer Olympics and in the 1936 Summer Olympics . In 1932 he won the bronze medal in the 3 metre springboard event . Described as the `` Fred Astaire of diving '' , Degener competed at the 1932 Summer Olympics with University of Michigan classmates , Eddie Tolan and James Cristy . Four years later he won the gold medal in the 3 metre springboard competition . In April , 1936 , Degener , along with many other sports champions and stand outs , was honored at a banquet in Detroit , MI . This Banquet was the first celebration of Champions Day . In July , 1936 , A plaque was presented to Detroit from the White House honoring Detroit as the City of Champions . The plaque has five `` medallions '' featuring athletes . Originally the plans called for these five athletes to be a baseball player , football player , hockey player , power boat racer , and a boxer . But Joe Louis was surprisingly knocked out in a boxing match just weeks before the plaque was to be presented . Planners changed the boxer to a diver , to represent Degener , at the last minute . Degener introduced the full layout in which his body seemed to soar , lazy-like and graceful in the air . This astonished the diving world and caused a buzz of admiration around the pool . `` If there is one thing I 've gotten out of sports , it 's that I learned to be intense and to do the job . '' Degener never lost a diving contest in college during the three years he represented Michigan from 1931 to 1934 as he took the Big Ten and National Collegiate championship . In AAU competition Dick was unbeaten for years as he won 14 national indoor and outdoor diving titles . He won four outdoor AAU Nationals in the high board representing the Detroit Athletic Club , and three NCAA titles for the University of Michigan . At the Indoor AAUs he won five straight three-meter springboard titles and two one-meter titles . Degener later turned pro with the Billy Rose Aquacade when it opened in Cleveland . In 1971 , Degener was inducted into the International Swimming Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b75e1f2b362a6e218ddecea070f9df4",
"text": "Ted Alexandro Edward `` Ted '' Alexandro ( born January 26 , 1969 ) is a stand-up comedian from New York City . He has appeared on most late night talk shows and has had his own half-hour specials on Comedy Central .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3488f8d031dea902c32ae77b9268340f",
"text": "The Will Rogers Follies The Will Rogers Follies is a musical with a book by Peter Stone , lyrics by Betty Comden and Adolph Green , and music by Cy Coleman . It focuses on the life and career of famed humorist and performer Will Rogers , using as a backdrop the Ziegfeld Follies , which he often headlined , and describes every episode in his life in the form of a big production number . The Rogers character also performs rope tricks in between scenes . The revue contains snippets of Rogers ' famous homespun style of wisdom and common sense and tries to convey the personality of this quintessentially American figure whose most famous quote was `` I never met a man I did n't like . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d03cd6a793c6744959229e31300c0570",
"text": "Ellen Forney Ellen Forney ( born March 8 , 1968 ) is a cartoonist and educator based in Seattle , Washington . She is known for her autobiographic comics , which included I was Seven in '75 , I Love Led Zepellin , and Marbles . She teaches at the Cornish College of the Arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9e175ca32071aa0cbb8d9c7ce0bcd54",
"text": "American burlesque American burlesque is a genre of variety show . Derived from elements of Victorian burlesque , music hall and minstrel shows , burlesque shows in America became popular in the 1860s and evolved to feature ribald comedy ( lewd jokes ) and female striptease . By the early 20th century , burlesque in America was presented as a populist blend of satire , performance art , music hall , and adult entertainment , featuring striptease and broad comedy acts . The entertainment was presented often in cabarets and clubs , as well as music halls and theatres . Performers , usually female , often created elaborate tableaux with lush , colorful costumes , mood-appropriate music , and dramatic lighting ; novelty acts , such as fire breathing or contortionists , might be added to enhance the impact of their performance . The genre traditionally encompassed a variety of acts : in addition to the striptease artistes , there was some combination of chanson singers , comedians , mime artists , and dancing girls , all delivered in a satiric style with a saucy edge . The striptease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local legislation , leading to a theatrical form that titillated without falling afoul of censors . Burlesque gradually lost popularity beginning in the 1940s . A number of producers sought to capitalize on nostalgia for the entertainment by attempting to recreate the spirit of burlesque in Hollywood films from the 1930s to the 1960s . There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s , and it inspired a 2010 musical film , Burlesque , starring Christina Aguilera and Cher .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34dca7332e487ae50c0f26689584cfeb",
"text": "Ellen Goldsmith-Vein Ellen Goldsmith-Vein is an American television and film producer . She is the founder and CEO of the Gotham Group , a talent management agency . As the only woman to own her own entertainment management agency completely , Goldsmith-Vein was the first talent manager ever featured on the cover of the `` Power 100 '' special issue of The Hollywood Reporter in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54b34bde860f82c3d3efe616271f2f7a",
"text": "DeGeneres DeGeneres is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Betty DeGeneres ( born 1930 ) , mother of Ellen DeGeneres and American activist . Ellen DeGeneres ( born 1958 ) , American stand-up comedian , television hostess , and actress . Vance DeGeneres ( born 1954 ) , American actor , older brother of Ellen DeGeneres . Portia de Rossi , or Portia DeGeneres ( born 1973 ) , wife of Ellen DeGeneres and American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f530e6dbe833da2e97ca2db66db213d",
"text": "Tourettes Without Regrets Tourettes Without Regrets is an underground performance art show in Oakland , CA . Founded in 1999 , Tourettes Without Regrets is hosted by comedian/filmmaker Jamie DeWolf and occurs every first Thursday of the month at the Oakland Metro Opera House . Part poetry slam , part circus and part rap battle , the event incorporates audience participation and an open mic , billing itself as `` the Fight Club of underground art . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
96967ba502ad20593689efe18dc8222e | Mickey Rooney was given a special Academy Juvenile Award in 1939. | [
{
"docid": "ec27be5e2c22609707495b79c740202f",
"text": "Mickey Rooney Mickey Rooney ( born Joseph Yule , Jr. ; September 23 , 1920 -- April 6 , 2014 ) was an American actor , vaudevillian , producer , and radio personality . In a career spanning nine decades and continuing until shortly before his death , he appeared in more than 300 films and was one of the last surviving stars of the silent film era . At the height of a career that was marked by precipitous declines and raging comebacks , Rooney performed the role of Andy Hardy in a series of 15 films in the 1930s and 1940s that epitomized American family values . A versatile performer , he became a celebrated character actor later in his career . Laurence Olivier once said he considered Rooney `` the best there has ever been . '' Clarence Brown , who directed him in two of his earliest dramatic roles , National Velvet and The Human Comedy , said he was `` the closest thing to a genius I ever worked with . '' Rooney first performed in vaudeville as a child and made his film debut at the age of six . At 14 he played Puck in the play and later the 1935 film adaptation of A Midsummer Night 's Dream . Critic David Thomson hailed his performance as `` one of cinema 's most arresting pieces of magic '' . In 1938 , he co-starred in Boys Town . At nineteen he was the first teenager to be nominated for an Oscar for his leading role in Babes in Arms , and he was awarded a special Academy Juvenile Award in 1939 . At the peak of his career between the ages of 15 and 25 , he made forty-three films , which made him one of MGM 's most consistently successful actors and a favorite of studio head Louis B. Mayer . Rooney was the top box office attraction from 1939 to 1941 , and one of the best-paid actors of that era , but his career never rose to such heights again . Drafted into the Army during World War II , he served nearly two years entertaining over two million troops on stage and radio and was awarded a Bronze Star for performing in combat zones . Returning from the war in 1945 , he was too old for juvenile roles but too short to be an adult movie star , and was unable to get as many starring roles . Nevertheless , Rooney 's popularity was renewed with well-received supporting roles in films such as Requiem for a Heavyweight ( 1962 ) , It 's a Mad , Mad , Mad , Mad World ( 1963 ) , and The Black Stallion ( 1979 ) . In the early 1980s , he returned to Broadway in Sugar Babies and again became a celebrated star . Rooney made hundreds of appearances on TV , including dramas , variety programs , and talk shows , and won an Emmy in 1964 , with another Emmy plus a Golden Globe for his role in Bill ( 1981 ) . At his death , Vanity Fair called him `` the original Hollywood train wreck . '' He struggled with alcohol and pill addiction and married eight times , the first time to Ava Gardner . Despite earning millions during his career , he had to file for bankruptcy in 1962 due to mismanagement of his finances . Shortly before his death in 2014 at age 93 , he alleged mistreatment by some family members and testified before Congress about what he alleged was physical abuse and exploitation by family members . By the end of his life , his millions in earnings had dwindled to an estate that was valued at only $ 18,000 . He died owing medical bills and back taxes , and contributions were solicited from the public .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "61e8e4a8b9b1457d239940ed236f0cf7",
"text": "Mickey's Eleven Mickey 's Eleven is a 1927 silent short film in Larry Darmour 's Mickey McGuire series starring a young Mickey Rooney . Directed by Albert Herman , the two-reel short was released to theaters in November 1927 by FBO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a65aaed66b2d4cda629f922f9e160c9c",
"text": "Mickey McBan Mickey McBan ( February 27 , 1919 -- October 30 , 1979 ) was an American child actor . He began his acting career at the age of four and specialized in portraying the everyday youngster in many films . McBan never made the transition to portraying adults and his screen career was already over by 1929 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f883d310b40b902422f5b8bc1fa203b",
"text": "Academy Film Archive The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation , established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' educational and cultural activities , including the preservation of motion picture history . Although the current incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929 . Located in Hollywood , California at the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study , the Archive has a diverse range of moving image material . The Archive 's collection comprises 85,000 titles and 190,000 separate items , including early American cinema , a vast collection of documentary films , filmed and taped interviews , amateur and private home movies of Hollywood legends , makeup and sound test reels , and a wide selection of experimental film , as well as Academy Award-winning films , Academy Award-nominated films , and a complete collection of every Academy Awards show since 1949 . Since acquiring the Packard Humanities Institute Collection , the Archive has the world 's largest known trailer collection . The Archive is also concerned with the preservation and restoration of films , as well as new technologies and methods of preservation , restoring over 800 titles of historical and artistic importance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb6da3ade65f4b41ad2c6afb050947a9",
"text": "15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony . Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations . Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' . Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since . A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c865b086a3607815cdb07fde783c4e06",
"text": "Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged . First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music . The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2a23f8fef87bcea66580b8c8272972e",
"text": "Little Annie Rooney (1925 film) Little Annie Rooney is a 1925 American silent comedy-drama film starring Mary Pickford and directed by William Beaudine . Pickford , one of the most successful actresses of the silent era , was best known throughout her career for her iconic portrayals of penniless young girls . After generating only modest box office revenue playing adults in her previous two films , Pickford wrote and produced Little Annie Rooney to cater to silent film audiences . Though she was 33 years old , Pickford played the title role , an Irish girl living in the slums of New York City . The film was a critical and commercial success , becoming one of the highest grossing films of 1925 . Restored by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences in 2014 , Little Annie Rooney is remembered today for Pickford 's performance and the high quality associated with its production .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57fa02595e2d219579ab7e8c4afddfd8",
"text": "52nd Academy Awards The 52nd Academy Awards were presented April 14 , 1980 , at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion in Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Johnny Carson who , in noting the long duration of the production , joked that President Jimmy Carter was working hard for their `` release '' from the ceremonies , a clear reference to the Iranian hostage crisis . Among the nominees for Best Supporting Actor were 8 year-old Justin Henry -- the youngest Best Supporting Actor nominee ever -- and 79-year-old Melvyn Douglas . This was the largest age difference between two competing actors in Oscar history until 2013 . Ironically , their age difference was partially the reason why Douglas did not attend the Oscars that night , despite winning the award . Henry was nominated for Kramer vs. Kramer , which out of its eight other nominations , finished with five awards , including Best Picture , Best Director for Robert Benton , and Best Actor for Dustin Hoffman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4227c31a8a6f2b4cd6635c58100e58d7",
"text": "Drunk Driving (film) Drunk Driving is a 1939 American short drama film directed by David Miller . It was nominated for an Academy Award at the 12th Academy Awards in 1940 for Best Live Action Short Film , Two-Reel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97e69b12cafe8bac808c75e5d636fa5b",
"text": "Golden Raspberry Awards The Golden Raspberry Awards ( often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards ) is an award in recognition of the worst in film . Co-founded by UCLA film graduates and film-industry veterans , John J. B. Wilson and Mo Murphy , the annual Razzie Awards ceremony in Los Angeles precedes the corresponding Academy Awards ceremony by one day . The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense , as in `` blowing a raspberry '' . The awards themselves are in the form of a `` golf ball-sized raspberry '' which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel , the whole of which is spray painted gold . The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31 , 1981 , at John J. B. Wilson 's living-room alcove in Los Angeles , to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season . The 37th ceremony was held on February 25 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42558d18843a088993f0e5da20fca7b0",
"text": "El indio El indio ( The Indian ) is a 1939 Mexican drama film directed by Armando Vargas de la Maza . It was released in Mexico on February 10 , 1939 and later released in United States on May 12 , of the same year . Consuelo Frank and Pedro Armendáriz received equal billing , while Dolores Camarillo ( billed as Dolores C. de Frausto ) who was the film 's comic relief , was billed last . Later she would receive a somewhat higher billing in Cantinflas ' Ahí está el detalle . The film also explores an early form of Mexican `` indio '' comic performances given by Carlos López `` Chaflán '' and Dolores Camarillo . These comic roles would later give inspiration to María Elena Velasco 's La India María film series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b",
"text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5ca36bde05b90b9ad943c0fcd5856c8",
"text": "Mickey's Big Broadcast Mickey 's Big Broadcast is a 1933 short film in Larry Darmour 's Mickey McGuire series starring a young Mickey Rooney . Directed by Jesse Duffy , the two-reel short was released to theaters on June 6 , 1933 by RKO Radio Pictures . An edited version of this short appeared in the feature film compilation `` Mickey the Great '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e842e889dc5d38f8e209c230781ecec",
"text": "1939 Academy Awards 1939 Academy Awards may refer to : 11th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1939 12th Academy Awards , the 1940 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1939",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "769036d4bfd9f0f54dfeaaedea0482d4",
"text": "Trigger Fingers (film) Trigger Fingers is a 1939 Western film starring Tim McCoy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4aaaba4417a279384cd1c8a7ee603931",
"text": "Mickey and the Seal Mickey and the Seal is a cartoon short created by Walt Disney in 1948 . It was nominated for Academy Award for Animated Short Film , but lost to Tom and Jerry cartoon The Little Orphan , which shared one of seven Oscars for the Tom and Jerry series . This cartoon was featured in the video game Disney 's Magical Mirror Starring Mickey Mouse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cda38be18cf563ca97221f79cd34b961",
"text": "Miss America 1944 Miss America 1944 , the 18th Miss America pageant , was held at the Warner Theater in Atlantic City , New Jersey on September 9 , 1944 . Venus Ramey , Miss District of Columbia won the title and also received swimsuit and talent preliminary awards . One of the five finalists , Betty Jane Rase , who would become known as B. J. Baker , was a backup singer for many top recording artists , and also was one of the wives of actor Mickey Rooney .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87388499e9e7335f2ca6f88d379a5814",
"text": "Outlaws' Paradise Outlaws ' Paradise is a 1939 American film directed by Sam Newfield .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ea203ee49603537eda00c8ef1f85ba3",
"text": "Child actor The term child actor or child actress is generally applied to a child acting on stage or in motion pictures or television , but also to an adult who began his or her acting career as a child ; to avoid confusion , the latter is also called a former child actor . Closely associated is teenage actor or teen actor , an actor who reached popularity as a teenager . Many child actors find themselves struggling to adapt as they become adults . Lindsay Lohan and Macaulay Culkin are two particular famous child actors who eventually experienced much difficulty with the fame they acquired at a young age ; Lohan 's career resumed after an interruption of several years . Many child actors also become successful adult actors as well , an example being Mickey Rooney 's career that included both the popular 1935 film A Midsummer Night 's Dream and the popular 2011 film The Muppets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b5185da4080f603ea20ca2fab458388",
"text": "1939 in baseball",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4ac1649feea145f3b99ada6e8cd9892a | The lion's scientific name is Panthera leo. | [
{
"docid": "48803221da4ed30da3ba5a6da05a8cd8",
"text": "Lion The lion ( Panthera leo ) is one of the big cats in the genus Panthera and a member of the family Felidae . The commonly used term African lion collectively denotes the several subspecies in Africa . With some males exceeding 250 kg in weight , it is the second-largest living cat after the tiger , barring hybrids like the liger . Wild lions currently exist in sub-Saharan Africa and in India ( where an endangered remnant population resides in and around Gir Forest National Park ) . In ancient historic times , their range was in most of Africa , including North Africa , and across Eurasia from Greece and southeastern Europe to India . In the late Pleistocene , about 10,000 years ago , the lion was the most widespread large land mammal after humans : Panthera leo spelaea lived in northern and western Europe and Panthera leo atrox lived in the Americas from the Yukon to Peru . The lion is classified as a vulnerable species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature ( IUCN ) , having seen a major population decline in its African range of 30 -- 50 % over two decades during the second half of the twentieth century . Lion populations are untenable outside designated reserves and national parks . Although the cause of the decline is not fully understood , habitat loss and conflicts with humans are the greatest causes of concern . Within Africa , the West African lion population is particularly endangered . In the wilderness , males seldom live longer than 10 to 14 years , as injuries sustained from continual fighting with rival males greatly reduce their longevity . In captivity they can live more than 20 years . They typically inhabit savanna and grassland , although they may take to bush and forest . Lions are unusually social compared to other cats . A pride of lions consists of related females and offspring and a small number of adult males . Groups of female lions typically hunt together , preying mostly on large ungulates . Lions are apex and keystone predators , although they are also expert scavengers obtaining over 50 percent of their food by scavenging as opportunity allows . While lions do not typically hunt humans , some have . Sleeping mainly during the day , lions are active primarily at night ( nocturnal ) , although sometimes at twilight ( crepuscular ) . Highly distinctive , the male lion is easily recognised by its mane , and its face is one of the most widely recognised animal symbols in human culture . Depictions have existed from the Upper Paleolithic period , with carvings and paintings from the Lascaux and Chauvet Caves in France dated to 17,000 years ago , through virtually all ancient and medieval cultures where they once occurred . It has been extensively depicted in sculptures , in paintings , on national flags , and in contemporary films and literature . Lions have been kept in menageries since the time of the Roman Empire , and have been a key species sought for exhibition in zoos over the world since the late eighteenth century . Zoos are cooperating worldwide in breeding programs for the endangered Asiatic subspecies .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1458b37fabc3e9781feefe13a0be8879",
"text": "List of people known as the Lion The Lion is an epithet used to describe : Ali Pasha ( 1740-1822 ) , Ottoman pasha of Yanina Henry the Lion ( 1129-1195 ) , Duke of Saxony and Duke of Bavaria Louis VIII of France ( 1187-1226 ) , King of France Robert III , Count of Flanders ( 1249-1322 ) , the `` Lion of Flanders '' Umur Beg ( 1309 ? -1348 ) , Emir of Aydin William the Lion ( c. 1143-1214 ) , King of the Scots from 1165 to 1214 Willie `` The Lion '' Smith ( 1893-1973 ) , American jazz pianist `` The Lion '' , a Miami-based American smuggler for the Medellin Cartel , featured in Narcos season 2 , episode 5",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "369f67102772b390ad4a94d7bc27d6b3",
"text": "Zeta Leonis Zeta Leonis ( ζ Leonis , abbreviated Zeta Leo , ζ Leo ) , also named Adhafera , is a third-magnitude star in the constellation of Leo , the lion . It forms the second star ( after Gamma Leonis ) in the blade of ` the Sickle ' , which is an asterism formed from the head of Leo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf53dbe32833515535890d0abab40104",
"text": "Lion dance Lion dance is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture and other Asian countries in which performers mimic a lion 's movements in a lion costume . The lion dance is usually performed during the Chinese New Year and other Chinese traditional , cultural and religious festivals . It may also be performed at important occasions such as business opening events , special celebrations or wedding ceremonies , or may be used to honour special guests by the Chinese communities . The Chinese lion dance is sometimes mistakenly referred to as dragon dance . An easy way to tell the difference is that a lion is normally operated by just two dancers , while a dragon is longer and needs many people . Also , in a lion dance , the performers ' faces are only seen occasionally , since they are inside the lion . In a dragon dance , the performers ' faces can be easily seen since the dragon is held on poles . Chinese lion dance fundamental movements can be found in most Chinese martial arts . There are two main forms of the Chinese lion dance , the Northern Lion and the Southern Lion . Both forms are commonly found in China , but around the world especially in South East Asia , the Southern Lion predominates as it was spread by the Chinese diaspora communities who are historically mostly of Southern Chinese origin . Versions of the lion dance are also found in Japan , Korea , Tibet and Vietnam . Another form of lion dance exists in Indonesian culture , but it may be of a different tradition and may be referred to as Singa Barong .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37ac51e47fe367b2a2dd0d7bc2689d6a",
"text": "Black lion tamarin The black lion tamarin ( Leontopithecus chrysopygus ) , also known as the golden-rumped lion tamarin , is a lion tamarin endemic to the Brazilian state of São Paulo , almost exclusively at the Morro do Diabo State Park . Its limited geographical range makes it the rarest of the New World monkeys , with little known about it . It was thought to be extinct for 65 years until its rediscovery in 1970 . In 2016 an adult couple was found to the east , in the Caetetus Ecological Station , after six years with no sightings . The total number of individuals is estimated to be around 1000 . Some experts believe this to be an overestimate , as recent studies have shown that the average area inhabited by the black lion tamarin is closer to 106 ha than the previously estimated 66 ha . They are usually found in groups of 4 to 9 , living in the secondary and primary forests along the circumference of its home range . On average , the black lion tamarin weighs 590 -- .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be2311ad910d59f858920706d3a9be65",
"text": "Proailurus Proailurus ( meaning `` first cat '' ) is an extinct carnivoran felid that lived in Europe and Asia approximately 25 million years ago in the Late Oligocene and Miocene . Fossils have been found in Mongolia , Germany , and Spain . One recent phylogeny places it as a basal member of the Feliformia , the suborder that includes mongooses , civets , hyenas , and cats ; but other studies suggest that it instead was a felid ( a true cat ) . Proailurus was a compact and small animal , just a little larger than the domestic cat , weighing about 20 lb ( 9 kg ) . It had a long tail , large eyes and sharp claws and teeth , with similar proportions to the modern viverrids . Its claws would have been retractable to some extent . Like the viverrids , Proailurus was at least partially arboreal . Proailurus was a likely ancestor of Pseudaelurus , which lived 20-10 million years ago , and probably gave rise to the major felid lines , including the extinct machairodontines and the extant felines and pantherines , although the phylogeny of the cats is still not precisely known .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43b782d051c3984330c5597f08c6d0b2",
"text": "Leoger The leoger is a panthera hybrid between a female tiger and a male leopard . It is closely related to a tigard . Leogers have always been recorded to be stillborn . This is probably due to either to growth dysplasia or some incompatibility of the fetus leoger with the womb of the tigress . Leoger have supposedly appeared many times . Frederick Codrington Hicks recorded that the weight of these creatures varied from 50 to the weight of a tigress . In addition , in September 1965 , a leoger skin was supposedly put on sale . There are some more documentations of the leoger , but most of them are just of strange-looking skins that could also be attributed to genetic mutations . Most of these reports are probably hoaxes or misinterpretation , which makes it hard for scientists to learn about leogers , but at least a part of the claims are true or in part true , such as the ones made by Frederick Codrington Hick 's .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cbe32dd1996deb0c0d96a04f68fc04f",
"text": "Chinese guardian lions Chinese guardian lions or Imperial guardian lions , traditionally known in Chinese simply as Shi , and often called `` Foo Dogs '' in the West , are a common representation of the lion in imperial China . The concept which originated and became popular in Chinese Buddhism , subsequently spread to other parts of Asia including , Japan , Korea , Tibet , Thailand , Burma , Vietnam , Sri Lanka , Nepal , Cambodia and Laos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99f2c1941e639828184dc64c621453cb",
"text": "Sea lion (disambiguation) A sea lion is an aquatic mammal generally found in shallow waters . Sea Lion , Sealion , Sea-lion , or Sea Lions may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51e64b61b2c5a5b096c7b3564f216835",
"text": "Sri Lankan leopard The Sri Lankan leopard ( Panthera pardus kotiya ) is a leopard subspecies native to Sri Lanka that was first described in 1956 by the Sri Lankan zoologist Deraniyagala . In 2008 , the Sri Lankan leopard was listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List . The wild population is roughly estimated at 700 -- 950 individuals as of 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f472c975824e91ee99a45abe66443f2e",
"text": "Priscileo Priscileo ( `` Ancient Lion '' ) is the basal-most genus of Thylacoleonidae . Fossils of this genus have been found in Oligocene and Miocene strata of South Australia and Queensland . It was about the size of a possum and was less powerful than the other marsupial lions . The two species have crushing molar teeth ( as in omnivorous kangaroos ) as well as carnassial blades ( large , flesh cutting teeth derived from the first lower molar and last upper molar ) . The Early Miocene species of P. roskellyae may have been an arboreal species . Priscileo pitikantensis lived in Australia about 25 million years ago from the late Oligocene to middle Miocene and was approximately the size of a cat . It is known only from a few post cranial bones found at Lake Pitakanta in northeastern south Australia and a poorly preserved maxillary fragment . To date P. pitikantensis is the oldest and most primitive of the Thylacoleonidae known .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6417cb57932eb77d595a8dbb79eb86d",
"text": "Lion mask Lion mask is a motif used from antiquity as an emblem of strength , courage , and majesty . The lion mask holding a ring in its mouth for a handle derives from furniture from ancient Rome and it continues to be popular as doorknocker . Both Venetian and Façon de Venise goblets feature decorative prunts moulded in the lion mask shapes alluding to the symbol of Venice , the Lion of Saint Mark . From the early to mid-18th century , the lion mask enjoyed popularity as a favoured motif for furniture ornament , used as an arm rest support or to decorate a cabriole leg . Occasionally , a lion 's paw or pelt appears alongside the mask . Category : Masks in Europe Category : Lions in art",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e9402de833a364039c1f6ab949585e0",
"text": "Jungle cat The jungle cat ( Felis chaus ) , also called the reed cat or swamp cat , is a medium-sized cat native to the Middle East , South and Southeast Asia and southern China . It is a member of the genus Felis and was first described by Johann Anton Güldenstädt in 1776 . Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber gave the jungle cat its present binomial name and is therefore generally considered as binomial authority . Ten subspecies are recognised at present . The jungle cat is a large , long-legged cat ; it stands nearly 36 cm at shoulder and weighs 2 -- . Its sandy , reddish-brown or grey coat is uniformly coloured and without spots ; melanistic and albino individuals are also known . Moults occur biannually . Typically diurnal , the jungle cat hunts throughout the day . Solitary in nature , jungle cats do not interact appreciably except in the mating season . The only prominent interaction is the mother-kitten bond . Territories are maintained by urine spraying and scent marking . The cat is primarily a carnivore , and prefers small mammals ( gerbils , hares and rodents ) and birds . It hunts by stalking its prey , followed by a sprint or a leap ; the sharp ears help in pinpointing the location of prey . Both sexes become sexually mature by the time they are a year old ; females enter oestrus from January to March . Mating behaviour is similar to that in the domestic cat : the male pursues the female in oestrus , seizes her by the nape of her neck and mounts her . Gestation lasts nearly two months . Births take place between December and June , though this might vary geographically . Kittens begin to catch their own prey at around six months and leave the mother after eight or nine months . The jungle cat is a habitat generalist ; it inhabits places with adequate water and dense vegetation , such as swamps , wetlands and riparian areas . Despite its name , the jungle cat shuns rainforests and woodlands . The jungle cat is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and is mainly threatened by destruction of wetlands , trapping and poisoning . The status of the cat in the wild needs further study , though populations are thought to be declining .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd085b7a36337602f85c95c4b95b1b76",
"text": "Leona Leona is a female variant of the name Leo or Leon . The name is derived from the Latin leo for `` lion '' . The French form of Leona is Leonie . Leona may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91a6142febfefecf922ffe8415a3e87f",
"text": "L-number The L-number system is a pseudo-scientific classification system of catfish based on photographs of shipments of tropical catfish of the family Loricariidae published by the German aquarium magazine DATZ ( Die Aquarien - und Terrarienzeitschrift ( The Aquarium and Terrarium Magazine ) ) . The first L-number was published in 1988 . An L-number is not a formal scientific designation , but it allows people to identify various loricariid catfish by a `` common name '' before the fish is officially described . When a loricariid receives an official scientific name , the L-number ( or numbers ) is retired . and best practice is then to use the scientific name . A specific L-number classification does not guarantee a discrete species , multiple L numbers have been given to different populations of the same species . To add to the confusion , sometimes a single L-number may be used for multiple species . Additionally the aquarium magazine ` Das Aquarium ' introduced a similar system using the prefix ` LDA ' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6c453047ff236ff0ae573a9aaa31af7",
"text": "English words of African origin azawakh - probably from Fula or Tuareg . A breed of dog from West and North Africa banjo -- probably Bantu mbanza basenji -- breed of dog from Central Africa - Congo , Central African Republic etc. . Also visible on Ancient Egyptian stelae . boma -- from Swahili bwana -- from Swahili , meaning a husband , important person or safari leader . chemistry - from Ancient Egyptian khemia meaning transmutation of earth chimpanzee -- loaned in the 18th century from a Bantu language , possibly Kivili ci-mpenzi . dengue -- possibly from Swahili dinga ebony - from Ancient Egyptian hebeni gerenuk - from Somali . A long-necked antelope in Eastern Africa ( Kenya , Somalia , Tanzania , Ethiopia and Djibouti ) . gnu -- from Khoisan ! nu through Khoikhoi i-ngu and Dutch gnoe goober -- possibly from Bantu ( Kikongo and Kimbundu nguba ) gumbo -- from Bantu ( Kimbundu ngombo meaning `` okra '' ) impala -- from Zulu im-pala impi -- from Zulu language meaning war , battle or a regiment indaba -- from Xhosa or Zulu languages -- ` stories ' or ` news ' typically conflated with ` meeting ' ( often used in South African English ) isis - from an Ancient Egyptian name for a god . Isis is a Greek transliteration . Asa occurs as the name for God in Kenyan languages . Isis appears in West Africa as Osu . jenga - from the Swahili word for ` build . ' jumbo -- from Swahili ( jambo ( hello ) or from Kongo nzamba `` elephant '' ) kalimba -- a type of thumb piano . Kwanzaa -- recent coinage ( Maulana Karenga 1965 ) as the name of an African American holiday , abstracted from a Swahili phrase matunda ya kwanza , meaning `` first fruits -LSB- of the harvest -RSB- '' . kijiji - from Swahili for ` village , ' ` hamlet ' or ` small town . ' laibon -- from Maasai medicine-man . Used in Kenyan English . lapa -- from Sotho languages -- enclosure or barbecue area ( often used in South African English ) macaque -- from Bantu makaku through Portuguese and French mamba -- from Zulu or Swahili mamba manyatta -- from Maasai enclosure or compound marimba -- from Bantu ( Kimbundu and Swahili marimba , malimba ) moran -- from Maasai class structure for warrior . Used in Kenyan English . okapi -- from a language in the Congo osiris - from an Ancient Egyptian god . Osiris is a Greek transliteration . Osiris occurs in the Luhya of Kenya as Siira - to cross and among the Kisii of Kenya as Osoro . safari -- from Swahili travel , ultimately from Arabic sangoma -- from Zulu -- traditional healer ( often used in South African English ) Tilapia -- Possibly a latinization `` thiape '' , the Tswana word for fish . tsetse -- from a Bantu language ( Tswana tsetse , Luhya tsiisi ) ubuntu -- Nguni term for `` mankind ; humanity '' , in South Africa since the 1980s also used capitalized , Ubuntu , as the name of a philosophy or ideology of `` human kindness '' or `` humanism '' . vuvuzela -- musical instrument , name of Zulu or Nguni origin zebra -- of unknown origin , recorded since c. 1600 , possibly from a Congolese language , or alternatively from Amharic . zombie -- likely from West African ( compare Kikongo zumbi `` fetish '' , Kimbundu nzambi `` god '' ) , but alternatively derived from Spanish sombra `` shade , ghost '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46b0798376b0b311887a7303db0a435c",
"text": "Panthera zdanskyi The Longdan tiger or Panthera zdanskyi is an extinct species of pantherine known from the Gansu province of northwestern China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d84697826124210be545768213d1fac4",
"text": "Nomen nudum The phrase nomen nudum ( plural nomina nuda ) is a Latin term , meaning `` naked name '' , used in taxonomy ( especially in zoological and botanical nomenclature ) . It may or may not be written in italics , depending on style . The term is used to indicate a designation which looks exactly like a scientific name of an organism , and may have originally been intended to be a scientific name , but fails to be one because it has not ( or has not yet ) been published with an adequate description ( or a reference to such a description ) , and thus is a `` bare '' or `` naked '' name , one which can not be accepted as it currently stands . Because a nomen nudum fails to qualify as a formal scientific name , a later author can publish a real scientific name that is identical in spelling . If one and the same author puts a name in print , first as a nomen nudum and later publishes the name accompanied by a description that meets the formal requirements , then the date of publication of the latter , formally correct , publication becomes the name 's date of establishment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9095bdb6747d16a6e7c073005ddf7b18",
"text": "Primate A primate ( -LSB- ˈpraɪmeɪt -RSB- ) is a mammal of the order Primates ( Latin : `` prime , first rank '' ) . In taxonomy , primates include two distinct lineages , strepsirrhines and haplorhines . Primates arose from ancestors that lived in the trees of tropical forests ; many primate characteristics represent adaptations to life in this challenging three-dimensional environment . Most primate species remain at least partly arboreal . With the exception of humans , who inhabit every continent , most primates live in tropical or subtropical regions of the Americas , Africa and Asia . They range in size from Madame Berthe 's mouse lemur , which weighs only 30 g , to the eastern gorilla , weighing over 200 kg ; that is , without taking into account the weight of particular human individuals , reaching up to 635 kg . Based on fossil evidence , the earliest known true primates , represented by the genus Teilhardina , date to 55.8 million years old . An early close primate relative known from abundant remains is the Late Paleocene Plesiadapis , c. 55 -- 58 million years old . Molecular clock studies suggest that the primate branch may be even older , originating near the Cretaceous -- Paleogene boundary or around 63 -- 74 mya . The order Primates was traditionally divided into two main groupings : prosimians and anthropoids ( simians ) . Prosimians have characteristics more like those of the earliest primates , and include the lemurs of Madagascar , lorisoids , and tarsiers . Simians include monkeys , apes and hominins . More recently , taxonomists have preferred to split primates into the suborder Strepsirrhini , or wet-nosed primates , consisting of non-tarsier prosimians , and the suborder Haplorhini , or dry-nosed primates , consisting of tarsiers and the simians . Simians are divided into two groups : catarrhine ( narrow-nosed ) monkeys and apes of Africa and Southeast Asia and platyrrhine ( `` flat-nosed '' ) or New World monkeys of South and Middle America . Catarrhines consist of Old World monkeys ( such as baboons and macaques ) , gibbons and great apes ; New World monkeys include the capuchin , howler and squirrel monkeys . Humans are the only extant catarrhines to have spread successfully outside of Africa , South Asia , and East Asia , although fossil evidence shows many other species were formerly present in Europe . New primate species are still being discovered . More than 25 species were taxonomically described in the decade of the 2000s and eleven have been described since 2010 . Considered generalist mammals , primates exhibit a wide range of characteristics . Some primates ( including some great apes and baboons ) are primarily terrestrial rather than arboreal , but all species possess adaptations for climbing trees . Locomotion techniques used include leaping from tree to tree , walking on two or four limbs , knuckle-walking , and swinging between branches of trees ( brachiation ) . Primates are characterized by large brains relative to other mammals , as well as an increased reliance on stereoscopic vision at the expense of smell , the dominant sensory system in most mammals . These features are more developed in monkeys and apes and noticeably less so in lorises and lemurs . Three-color vision has developed in some primates . Most also have opposable thumbs and some have prehensile tails . Many species are sexually dimorphic ; differences include body mass , canine tooth size , and coloration . Primates have slower rates of development than other similarly sized mammals and reach maturity later , but have longer lifespans . Depending on the species , adults may live in solitude , in mated pairs , or in groups of up to hundreds of members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d24e8dc9df0f3c69d921b0295c72def",
"text": "List of Kimba the White Lion episodes These are the episodes of the anime television series Kimba the White Lion ( Jungle Emperor ) . The series originally ran from October 6 , 1965 , to September 28 , 1966 , in Japan and from September 11 , 1966 , to September 3 , 1967 , in the U.S. There were two English dubs produced for this anime series . The first ( and more widely viewed ) English dub was produced by Titan Productions for NBC Enterprises to license and run in syndication in the United States , with a handful of talented voice actors . Despite that they dubbed all 52 episodes of the series , 49 of them have been aired in a mixed up order , in the United States , due to the NBC catalog order of how they aired them in sequence . On September 30 , 1978 , the license for NBC to hold the rights to the English dub has dropped due to the bankruptcy of Mushi Productions being bankrupt earlier in 1973 . Afterwards , the Titan Productions English dub was no longer available to view at that time . In 1993 , Fumio Suzuki made plans to bring the series to television once more to the English-speaking market . After the legal battles of who was going to gain ownership , a Canadian company from Toronto known as Zaza Sound Productions Ltd. won the rights to produce a second English dub of the anime series with a handful of Canadian voice actors , as well as airing this dub in several English-speaking regions ( Australia , United Kingdom , etc. ) , with CEG Distribution distributing the series . Landmark Entertainment Group Inc. , Susuki Associates and CEG Cinema Partners have also contributed to this dub . Fans have often labeled this as the `` Canadian dub '' . It was said to be a remake of the 1966 U.S. English dub , with a more faithful translation of the original Japanese scripts , but had to create a whole new soundtrack composed by Paul J. Zaza , since they were unable to use the original soundtrack composed by Isao Tomita which was also used in the 1966 U.S. English dub . This version was also more edited including heavy cuts and changes . In 1995 , A low-budget American company known as UAV Corporation released a limited number of episodes of the 1993 Canadian English re-dub on VHS in North America , under the title Kimba the Lion Prince .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a5561e9b8cbc7a9ee649ac2e64ca946",
"text": "Underwater panther An underwater panther , called Mishipeshu or Mishibijiw in Ojibwe ( -LSB- mɪʃɪbɪʑɪw -RSB- ) , is one of the most important of several mythological water beings among many indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands and Great Lakes region , particularly among the Anishinaabe . Mishipeshu translates into `` the Great Lynx '' . It has the head and paws of a giant cat but is covered in scales and has dagger-like spikes running along its back and tail . Mishipeshu calls Michipicoten Island in Lake Superior his home and is a powerful creature in the mythological traditions of some Native American tribes , particularly Anishinaabe tribes , the Odawa , Ojibwe , and Potawatomi , of the Great Lakes region of Canada and the United States . In addition to the Anishinaabeg , Innu also have Mishibizhiw stories . To the Algonquins , the underwater panther was the most powerful underworld being . The Ojibwe traditionally held them to be masters of all water creatures , including snakes . Some versions of the Nanabozho creation legend refers to whole communities of water lynx . Some archaeologists believe that underwater panthers were major components of the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex of the Mississippian culture in the prehistoric American Southeast .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
886fd41ac6584398b9f85752210548d1 | The Portuguese Empire existed in 1392 during the Renaissance. | [
{
"docid": "a3ef1cb32a255308166c64d9fde8dae2",
"text": "Portuguese Empire The Portuguese Empire ( Império Português ) , also known as the Portuguese Overseas ( Ultramar Português ) , was one of the largest and longest-lived empires in world history and the first colonial empire of the Renaissance . It existed for almost six centuries from the capture of Ceuta in 1415 to the grant of sovereignty to East Timor in 2002 . The first era of the Portuguese empire originated at the beginning of the Age of Discovery . Initiated by the Kingdom of Portugal , it would eventually expand across the globe . Portuguese sailors began exploring the coast of Africa and the Atlantic archipelagos in 1418 -- 19 , using recent developments in navigation , cartography and maritime technology such as the caravel , in order that they might find a sea route to the source of the lucrative spice trade . In 1488 , Bartolomeu Dias rounded the Cape of Good Hope , and in 1498 , Vasco da Gama reached India . In 1500 , either by an accidental landfall or by the crown 's secret design , Pedro Álvares Cabral discovered Brazil on the South American coast . Over the following decades , Portuguese sailors continued to explore the coasts and islands of East Asia , establishing forts and factories as they went . By 1571 , a string of naval outposts connected Lisbon to Nagasaki along the coasts of Africa , the Middle East , India and South Asia . This commercial network and the colonial trade had a substantial positive impact on Portuguese economic growth ( 1500-1800 ) , when it accounted for about a fifth of Portugal 's per capita income . When Philip II of Spain , I of Portugal , inherited the Portuguese crown in 1580 , this began a 60-year union between Spain and Portugal that has since been given the historiographic term of the Iberian Union . Though the realms continued to be administered separately , the Council of Portugal ruled the country and its empire from Madrid . As the King of Spain was also King of Portugal , Portuguese colonies became the subject of attacks by three rival European powers hostile to Spain : the Dutch Republic , England , and France . With its smaller population , Portugal was unable to effectively defend its overstretched network of trading posts , and the empire began a long and gradual decline . Eventually , Brazil became the most valuable colony of the second era until , as part of the wave of independence movements that swept the Americas during the early 19th century , it broke away in 1822 . The third era represents the final stage of Portuguese colonialism after the decolonization of the Americas of the 1820s . The colonial possessions had been reduced to the African coastline ( expanded inland during the Scramble for Africa in the late 19th century ) , Portuguese Timor , and enclaves in India ( Goa ) and China ( Macau ) . The disastrous 1890 British Ultimatum led to the contraction of Portuguese ambitions in Africa . Under António Salazar , the Second Portuguese Republic made some ill-fated attempts to hold on to its last remaining colonies and overseas provinces after the 1961 Indian annexation of Goa , embarking on the Portuguese Colonial War in Africa which lasted until the final overthrow of the regime in the Carnation Revolution of 1974 . Macau was returned to China in 1999 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "cac5d9d876dc7526ff3664c181a94513",
"text": "Afonso I of Portugal Afonso IOr also Affonso ( Archaic Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonso ( Portuguese-Galician ) or Alphonsus ( Latin version ) , sometimes rendered in English as Alphonzo or Alphonse , depending on the Spanish or French influence . ( 1106 / 25 July 1109 / 11116 December 1185 ) , nicknamed `` the Conqueror '' ( O Conquistador ) , `` the Founder '' ( O Fundador ) or `` the Great '' ( O Grande ) by the Portuguese , and El-Bortukali -LSB- in Arabic البرتقالي -RSB- ( `` the Portuguese '' ) and Ibn-Arrink -LSB- in Arabic ابن الرَّنك or ابن الرَنْق -RSB- ( `` son of Henry '' , `` Henriques '' ) by the Moors whom he fought , was the first King of Portugal . He achieved the independence of the southern part of the Kingdom of Galicia , the County of Portugal , from Galicia 's overlord , the King of León , in 1139 , establishing a new kingdom and doubling its area with the Reconquista , an objective that he pursued until his death , in 1185 , after forty-six years of wars against the Moors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81e7dc04430a54bf61e4b779d341dafb",
"text": "Serbian Despotate The Serbian Despotate ( Српска деспотовина / Srpska despotovina ) was a medieval Serbian state in the first half of the 15th century . Although the Battle of Kosovo in 1389 is generally considered the end of the medieval Serbia , the Despotate , a successor of the Serbian Empire and Moravian Serbia , survived for 70 more years , experiencing a cultural and political renaissance before it was conquered by the Ottomans in 1459 . Even then , it continued to exist in exile in the medieval Kingdom of Hungary until the mid-16th century . Pavle Bakić was the last Despot of Serbia to be recognized by both the Ottoman and the Habsburg Empires .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e32049ae1dd7a642aba85831c5ee819f",
"text": "Portuguese colonial architecture Portuguese colonial architecture refers to the various styles of architecture that the Portuguese built across the Portuguese Empire . Portuguese colonial Architecture can be found in the plethora of former colonies throughout South America , North Africa , Sub-Saharan Africa , India , Oceania , and East Asia . Many former colonies , especially Brazil , Macau , and Mozambique , promote their Portuguese colonial architecture as major tourist attractions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cace227439f134b740c11fb94a4e86a",
"text": "Renaissance Revival architecture Renaissance Revival ( sometimes referred to as `` Neo-Renaissance '' ) is an all-encompassing designation that covers many 19th century architectural revival styles which were neither Grecian ( see Greek Revival ) nor Gothic ( see Gothic Revival ) but which instead drew inspiration from a wide range of classicizing Italian modes . Under the broad designation `` Renaissance architecture '' nineteenth-century architects and critics went beyond the architectural style which began in Florence and central Italy in the early 15th century as an expression of Humanism ; they also included styles we would identify as Mannerist or Baroque . Self-applied style designations were rife in the mid - and later nineteenth century : `` Neo-Renaissance '' might be applied by contemporaries to structures that others called `` Italianate '' , or when many French Baroque features are present ( Second Empire ) . The divergent forms of Renaissance architecture in different parts of Europe , particularly in France and Italy , has added to the difficulty of defining and recognizing Neo-Renaissance architecture . A comparison between the breadth of its source material , such as the English Wollaton Hall , Italian Palazzo Pitti , the French Château de Chambord , and the Russian Palace of Facets -- all deemed `` Renaissance '' -- illustrates the variety of appearances the same architectural label can take .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efa44d80ebb38d81f2839beccbf111b9",
"text": "Admiral of Portugal The high office of Admiral of the Kingdom of Portugal ( Portuguese : Almirante do Reino de Portugal ) as the head of the Portuguese navy was created by King Denis of Portugal in 1317 ( or 1322 ) for the Genoese nobleman and naval officer Manuel Pessanha ( Emanuele Pessagno ) . Although there is evidence that such a title existed before ( e.g. Afonso I appointed his half-brother Fuas Roupinho to the title in 1184 ) , it seems to have been of only a temporary character , for fleets assembled in times of war . The exception was perhaps Nuno Fernandes Cogominho who seems to have been appointed admiral by King Denis in 1307 , and still had that title at his death in 1316 , although the conditions are unclear . Nonetheless , Manuel Pessanha was the first person known to hold the title of Almirante-mor ( Chief Admiral ) as a permanent office for a permanent fleet . All the king 's galleys were under his jurisdiction . The conditions of the Pessanha 's title stipulated that he must maintain a corps of at least 20 Genoese naval officers at all times and was obliged to serve the king in military service on land as well as sea . The office of Almirante-mor became a hereditary benefice in the Pessanha family - passing successively through his sons Carlos , Bertolomeu and Lançarote . After the disastrous handling of the Portuguese fleet in the blockade of Seville in 1369 , Pessanha 's son Lançarote Pessanha temporarily lost the admiral title to João Afonso Telo de Menezes ( Count of Barcelos ) , but was later restored by King Ferdinand of Portugal . The title then passed on through Lançarote 's sons Manuel II and then Carlos II , the last of the male line . Carlos II had no male heirs , but only two daughters ( Genebra & Brites ) and a niece ( Catarina , daughter of his late brother Antonio , who had died at Aljubarrota ) . In 1433 , the title of Admiral went as dowry in the marriage of Genebra Pereira ( daughter of Carlos II Pessanha ) to D. Pedro de Menezes . After Menezes death in 1437 , the title was passed on to his nephew Lançarote da Cunha ( the young son of Carlos II Pessanha 's other daughter , Brites Pereira ) , but the office was de facto exercised by Brites 's husband , Rui de Mello da Cunha . Being pre-deceased by his son , Rui de Mello was appointed admiral de jure in 1453 . After Mello 's death in 1467 , the title passed to Nuno Vaz de Castelo Branco , king 's chamberlain and son of Catarina Pessanha , who in turn passed in on to his own son Lopo Vaz de Castelo-Branco , c. 1476 . After the treason and assassination of Lopo Vaz de Castelo Branco , John II of Portugal handed the title to Pedro de Albuquerque in 1483 . But Albuquerque himself fell into intrigues and was soon deprived of the position . In 1485 , John II gave the title of admiral to Lopo Vaz de Azevedo , a knight of the Order of Aviz ( and a relative of the Pessanhas ) , and made it hereditary in the Azevedo family . That line having lost male issue by 1646 , it was passed via female lines to D. Luis de Portugal , Count of Vimioso , and then after his death in 1660 , it passed on by female line to the house of Castro ( Counts of Resende ) . Around 1373 ( exact date uncertain ) , the King created the office of captain-major of the fleet ( capitão-mor da frota ) , initially a complementary position , covering the command of the alto-bordo ( ` high-sided ' , or sail-powered ) ships of the fleet , leaving the Admiral exclusively in charge of the oar-powered galleys . The first capitão-mor was Gonçalo Tenreiro . During the reign of John I of Portugal , Tenreiro was succeeded Afonso Furtado de Mendonça ( appointment date uncertain ) and , in 1423 , by Álvaro Vaz de Almada ( Count of Avranches ) . The letter appointing Avranches designates a more extensive capitão-mor , covering the royal galleys and infringing on the traditional jurisdiction of the almirante-mor , thus suggesting that by this time , the title of almirante had become purely honorific , and the de facto high naval command had been absconded by the capitão-mor . However , the letter appointing Ruy de Mello da Cunha as ` admiral ' in 1453 temporarily restored his authority , including the ` alto-bordo ' ships . In 1460 , the admiral was deprived of his jurisdiction over arraes ( fishing boats ) , which were passed to local councils . The title of ` Admiral ' was made more specific with the establishment in 1502 of the Admiral of the Indies ( Almirante das Indias ) , a second , separate Portuguese admiral title for the East Indies . Back in 1492 , Christopher Columbus had been granted the ornate title of ` Admiral of the Ocean Sea ' by the Catholic monarchs of Spain . Evidently , King Manuel I of Portugal felt that if the Spanish had an admiral sailing around , then surely Portuguese should have one too . So , in January 1502 , just before the departure on the 4th India Armada , Manuel I bestowed upon the fleet captain Vasco da Gama the overwrought title of Almirante dos mares de Arabia , Persia , India e de todo o Oriente ( `` Admiral of the Seas of Arabia , Persia , India and all the Orient '' - or ` Admiral of the Indies ' for short ) . The original ` Admiral ' title became thereafter referred to narrowly as Admiral of the `` Lusitanian Sea '' ( mar lusitano ) ( or simply , `` Admiral of Portugal '' ) . The Admiral of the Indies title remained hereditary with Gama 's descendants , the Counts of Vidigueira .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef4f7a55f344b0bd46eeb47588da7dee",
"text": "Portuguese inventions The Portuguese inventions are the inventions created by people born in Portugal ( continent or overseas ) or whose nationality is Portuguese . These inventions were created mainly during the age of Portuguese Discoveries , but as well , during modernity . Relying on trade secret explains , in part , the difficulty often experienced by researchers in documenting Portuguese inventions , as many are not described in patent documents , or other technical documents . On the other hand , there are cases , like some types of swords , where the inventions themselves or the underlying documents were lost , having been destroyed , for example , during the French invasions . There are as well documentation and objects of Portuguese origin in private collections or museums outside of Portugal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0f2790e7362917b5288cd046100971b",
"text": "House of Sousa The House of Sousa ( Casa de Sousa ) is a noble family of Portugal , descendants of the marriage of Martim Afonso Chichorro and Inês Lourenço de Sousa . The House of Souza is one of the eldest and nobler houses of Portugal . Its origin starts with the Visigoth Kings and the name was first used in the 11th century , by Lord Egas Gomes de Sousa , heir to the house and to several royal lineages . There are three main lineages of this noble house , but we shall only focus on the one represented to left ( Sousa of Arronches ) . The field of the shield is divided in four quarters ( quarterly or party per cross ) with the Royal Arms of Portugal in the first and fourth quarters , and the Ancient Arms of Sousa , a quartet of silver crescents ( Argent ) over a field of red ( Gules ) , in the second and third quarters . This grouping known as the Sousa of Arronches ( because of the title of Lords of Arronches ) , is still borne by many of the noble houses of Portugal , like the Dukes of Palmela . The Head of the House of Sousa today is the Duke of Lafões . Some say that there is n't a single noble man ( or woman ) in Portugal that does not have the blood of the Sousas.The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be that of Garcia Homem de Sousa , which was dated 1420 , christened at Funchal , Portugal , during the reign of King John I of Portugal . Surnames became necessary when governments introduced personal taxation . In England this was known as Poll Tax . Throughout the centuries , surnames in every country have continued to `` develop '' often leading to astonishing variants of the original spelling . The House of Sousa played a significant role in the creation of the Portuguese Empire . Martim Afonso de Sousa was the first Governor of Brazil , Pedro Lopes de Sousa was the 1st Governor of Portuguese Ceylon and Thome de Sousa Arronches was a Captain of the Portuguese Navy in the Portuguese India Armadas . The family motto ( Better to break than to bend ) . Lords of the House of Sousa D. Egas Gomes de Sousa ( 1035 - ? ) D. Mem Viegas de Sousa ( 1070 - 1130 ) D. Gonçalo Mendes de Sousa , `` the good '' ( 1120 -- 1190 ) D. Mendo de Sousa , `` the sousão '' ( 1140 - ? ) D. Constança Mendes de Sousa ( 1245 - Santarém , 1298 ) D. Martim Afonso Chichorro ( 1250-1313 ) D. Martim Afonso Chichorro II or Martin Afonso de Sousa Chichorro ( 1280 - ? ) D. Maria Pais Ribeira , 15ª Lady of House of Sousa * c. 1285 D. Vasco Martins de Sousa Chichorro ( 1320 - 1387 ) D. Lopo Dias de Sousa , Lord of Mafra , Ericeira and Enxara dos Cavaleiros * 1350 D. Afonso Vasques de Sousa ( 1370 ) Diogo Lopes de Sousa , 18º Lord of House of Sousa * c. 1380 D.Afonso Vasques de Sousa II ( 1400 ) , Álvaro de Sousa , Lord of Miranda e mayor of Arronches * c. 1410 D. Luis de Sousa Chichorro ( 1440 ) Diogo Lopes de Sousa * c. 1440 André de Sousa * c. 1465 D. Henrique de Sousa ( 1480 ) Manuel de Sousa , mayor of Arronches * c. 1495 André de Sousa , 23º Lord of House of Sousa * c. 1515 D. António de Sousa Chichorro ( 1520 ) Manuel de Sousa D. Matias de Sousa ( 1550 ) Diogo Lopes de Sousa , 2nd Count of Miranda * c. 1595 D. Pedro de Sousa Chichorro Henrique de Sousa Tavares , first Marquis of Arronches * 1626 D. Maria de Sousa e Mesquita D. António Sousa Chíchorro balio `` ad honorem '' . Mariana Luísa Francisca de Sousa Tavares Mascarenhas e Silva , 2nd Marquess of Arronches * 1672 Luísa Casimira de Sousa Nassau and Ligne , duchess of Lafões * 1694",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b225db526c30ff3c8a28654ede8781c6",
"text": "Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim ( -LSB- ˈpɔvwɐ ðɨ vɐɾˈzĩ -RSB- , locally -LSB- -LSB- ˈpɔβwə ðɨ βəɾˈzĩŋ -RSB- -RSB- ) , also spelled Povoa de Varzim , is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto . It sits in a sandy coastal plain , a cuspate foreland , halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers . The population of the municipality was 63,408 at the time of the 2011 census . According to the 2001 census , there were 63,470 inhabitants , with 42,396 living in the city proper . The city expanded , southwards , to Vila do Conde , and there are about 100,000 inhabitants in the urban area alone . It is the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal . Permanent settlement in Póvoa de Varzim dates back to around four to six thousand years ago ; around 900 BC , unrest in the region led to the establishment of Cividade de Terroso , a fortified city , which developed maritime trade routes with the civilizations of classical antiquity . Modern Póvoa de Varzim emerged after the conquest by the Roman Republic of the city by 138 BC , fishing and fish processing units soon developed , which turned out to be the foundations of the local economy . By the 11th century , the fish industry and fertile farmlands were the economic base of a feudal lordship and Varzim was fiercely disputed between the local overlords and the early Portuguese kings , which resulted in the establishment of the present day 's municipality in 1308 and being subdued to monastic power some years later . Póvoa de Varzim 's importance reemerged with the Age of Discovery due to its shipbuilders and merchants proficiency and wealth , who traded around the globe in complex trade routes . By the 17th century , the fish processing industry rebounded and , some time later , Póvoa became the dominant fishing port in northern Portugal . Póvoa de Varzim has been a well-known beach resort for over three centuries , the most popular in Northern Portugal , which unfolded an influential literary culture and historical artistic patronage in music and theater . Casino da Póvoa is one of the few and prominent gambling venues in Portugal . Leisure and health benefits provided in large sandy beaches attracts national and international visitors . Póvoa de Varzim holds other landmarks , especially the traditional Junqueira shopping street , Garrett Theatre , the Ethnography and History Museum , Cividade de Terroso , the Medieval Rates Monastery , Baroque Matriz Church , city Hall and Portuguese vernacular architecture in Praça do Almada , and numerous Portuguese cuisine restaurants that make Póvoa de Varzim popular in all Northern Portugal , which started to attract an international following . Farol da Lapa , Farol de Regufe , the main breakwater of the Port of Póvoa de Varzim , Carvalhido and São Félix Hill are preferred for sightseeing . The city has significant textile and food industries . The town has retained a distinct cultural identity and ancient customs such as the writing system of siglas poveiras , the masseira farming technique and festivals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "432819171551b780330b22718e9f96d7",
"text": "Teatro Nacional de São Carlos The Teatro Nacional de São Carlos ( -LSB- tiˈatɾu nɐsiuˈnaɫ dɨ sɐ̃w̃ ˈkaɾluʃ -RSB- ) ( National Theatre of Saint Charles ) is an opera house in Lisbon , Portugal . It was opened on July 30 , 1793 by Queen Maria I as a replacement for the Tejo Opera House , which was destroyed in the 1755 Lisbon earthquake . The theatre is located in the historical center of Lisbon , in the Chiado district . In 1792 , a group of Lisbon businessmen decided to finance the construction of a new Opera House in the city . The theatre was built in only six months following a design by Portuguese architect José da Costa e Silva , with neoclassical and rococo elements . The general project is clearly inspired by great Italian theatres like the San Carlo of Naples ( interior ) and La Scala in Milan ( interior and façade ) . In the early 19th century , when the Portuguese Royal Court had to flee to the Portuguese colony of Brazil to escape the invading Napoleonic troops , a theatre modelled on the São Carlos was built in Rio de Janeiro . The main façade has a decorated clock , the Portuguese coats-of-arms and an arched entrance hall ( a portico ) . The theatre was named after the Princess Charlotte of Spain , who had come to Portugal in 1790 to marry the future King , Prince John : Carlos ( Portuguese form of Charles ) is the masculine form of Charlotte . A Latin commemorative inscription dedicates the theatre to the princess . The main room is elliptic , has five tiers of boxes and seats 1148 people . The luxurious royal box was lavishly decorated by the Italian Giovanni Appianni . The ceiling was painted by Manuel da Costa and the stage by Cirilo Wolkmar Machado . The first opera presented here , in 1793 , was La Ballerina Amante , by Domenico Cimarosa . The most famous Portuguese composer of the time , Marcos Portugal , became musical director of the São Carlos in 1800 after returning from Italy , and many of his operas were staged here . Between 1828 and 1834 , the São Carlos was closed during the Portuguese Civil War , fought between kings Miguel I and Pedro IV . In 1850 , the lighting of the interior was changed to gas illumination , the latest technology available . Shortly afterwards , the Portuguese state bought the theatre from private investors . After a few failed attempts , electrical illumination was installed in 1887 . From 1935 to 1940 , the theatre was closed for repairs . In 1974 , a resident opera company was established . In 1993 , the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa was created as the Teatro 's affiliate orchestra , with Álvaro Cassuto as the orchestra 's first principal conductor . Subsequent principal conductors of the Orquestra Sinfónica Portuguesa have included José Ramón Encinar ( 1999-2001 ) , Zoltán Peskó ( 2001-2004 ) and Julia Jones ( 2008-2011 ) . Since January 2014 , the orchestra 's principal conductor is Joana Carneiro .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48b8235ef719387cd0d6cce339a29679",
"text": "Siege of Lisbon (1384) The Siege of Lisbon was a siege of the city of Lisbon from 29 May to 3 September 1384 , between the Portuguese defenders of the city led by John I of Portugal and the Castillian army led by King John I of Castile . The siege ended in a disaster for Castile . A plague outbreak together with the constant attacks by Portuguese forces led by Nuno Álvares Pereira caused huge casualties among the Castilian ranks , who were forced to retreat four months after the start of the siege .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "122be5f245e4303c5a6db5086eb29b64",
"text": "County of Portugal The County of Portugal ( Condado de Portugal , Condado Portucalense , Condado de Portucale , in documents of the period the name used was Portugalia ) refers to two successive medieval counties in the region around Braga and Porto , today corresponding to littoral northern Portugal , within which the identity of the Portuguese people formed . The first county existed from the mid-ninth to the mid-eleventh centuries as a vassalage of the Kingdom of Asturias and later the Kingdoms of Galicia and León , before being abolished as a result of rebellion . A larger entity under the same name was then reestablished in the late 11th century and lasted until the mid-12th century , when its count elevated it into an independent Portuguese kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "437887e27af2b2eeb9e8be02f6296e77",
"text": "History of Póvoa de Varzim thumb | 280px | Old Town of Varzim , probable site of a Roman villa which prompted the development of the modern city . The history of Póvoa de Varzim , Portugal , and its development as a maritime trade and fishing hub , have been greatly influenced by its location at the entrance to one of Portugal 's best natural ports . Permanent settlement in the coastal plain of Póvoa de Varzim dates back to around four to six thousand years ago ; around 900 BC , unrest in the region led to the establishment of a fortified city . The ocean has played an important part in its popular culture and economy , through maritime trade and fishing , leading it to establish a fiefdom in the 10th or 11th century , a municipality in 1308 and to become , in the 18th century , the main fishing port in northern Portugal . Póvoa de Varzim and its region had relevant input that allowed the Portuguese discoveries , throw manpower , shipbuilding and seafaring knowledge . Since the 18th century , its beaches have helped it become one of the main tourist areas of the region , which prompted high-culture development since late 18th century . Its development suffered setbacks due to feudalism , monastic domain , border disputes and , recently , the development of a highly centralized state . However , it gained significant privileges confirmed by successive Portuguese kings such as town limit exception and royal appeal rights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e13707ee4ec7915df73975cf1be73e4",
"text": "Anglo-Portuguese Alliance The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance ( or Aliança Luso-Britânica ) , ratified at the Treaty of Windsor in 1386 , between England ( succeeded by the United Kingdom ) and Portugal is the oldest alliance in the world that is still in force -- with the earliest treaty dating back to the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 . This alliance , which goes back to the Middle Ages , has served both countries . It was very important throughout history , influencing the participation of the United Kingdom in the Iberian Peninsular War , the UK 's major land contribution to the Napoleonic Wars and the establishment of an Anglo-American base in Portugal . Portugal aided England ( and later the UK ) in times of need , for example , in the First World War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6dce71528c82b7854dabab323763e4e",
"text": "Renaissance Latin Renaissance Latin is a name given to the distinctive form of Latin style developed during the European Renaissance of the fourteenth to fifteenth centuries , particularly by the Renaissance humanism movement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1479e41093d1a60c50eb8954aeceb45",
"text": "Early modern period The early modern period of modern history follows the late Middle Ages of the post-classical era . Although the chronological limits of the period are open to debate , the timeframe spans the period after the late portion of the post-classical age ( c. 1500 ) , known as the Middle Ages , through the beginning of the Age of Revolutions ( c. 1800 ) and is variously demarcated by historians as beginning with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 , with the Renaissance period , and with the Age of Discovery ( especially with the voyages of Christopher Columbus beginning in 1492 , but also with Vasco da Gama 's discovery of the sea route to the East in 1498 ) , and ending around the French Revolution in 1789 . Historians in recent decades have argued that from a worldwide standpoint , the most important feature of the early modern period was its globalizing character . The period witnessed the exploration and colonization of the Americas and the rise of sustained contacts between previously isolated parts of the globe . The historical powers became involved in global trade , as the exchange of goods , plants , animals , and food crops extended to the Old World and the New World . The Columbian Exchange greatly affected the human environment . New economies and institutions emerged , becoming more sophisticated and globally articulated over the course of the early modern period . This process began in the medieval North Italian city-states , particularly Genoa , Venice , and Milan . The early modern period also included the rise of the dominance of the economic theory of mercantilism . The European colonization of the Americas , Asia , and Africa occurred during the 15th to 19th centuries , and spread Christianity around the world . The early modern trends in various regions of the world represented a shift away from medieval modes of organization , politically and economically . Feudalism declined in Europe , while the period also included the Protestant Reformation , the disastrous Thirty Years ' War , the Commercial Revolution , the European colonization of the Americas , and the Golden Age of Piracy . By the 16th century the economy under the Ming Dynasty was stimulated by trade with the Portuguese , the Spanish , and the Dutch , while Japan engaged in the Nanban trade after the arrival of the first European Portuguese during the Azuchi-Momoyama period . Other notable trends of the early modern period include the development of experimental science , accelerated travel due to improvements in mapping and ship design , increasingly rapid technological progress , secularized civic politics , and the emergence of nation states . Historians typically date the end of the early modern period when the French Revolution of the 1790s began the `` modern '' period .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fca206e4f3d937a36cd0a1383fc562f3",
"text": "Medieval literature Medieval literature is a broad subject , encompassing essentially all written works available in Europe and beyond during the Middle Ages ( that is , the one thousand years from the fall of the Western Roman Empire ca . AD 500 to the beginning of the Florentine Renaissance in the late 15th century ) . The literature of this time was composed of religious writings as well as secular works . Just as in modern literature , it is a complex and rich field of study , from the utterly sacred to the exuberantly profane , touching all points in-between . Works of literature are often grouped by place of origin , language , and genre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641",
"text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5da4877a94e41afce672793574167ee4",
"text": "Edward, King of Portugal Duarte ( -LSB- duˈaɾt -RSB- ; 31 October 1391 -- 9 September 1438 ) , known in English as Edward and called the Philosopher ( o Rei-Filósofo ) or the Eloquent ( o Eloquente ) , was King of Portugal and the Algarve and Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death . He was born in Viseu , the son of John I of Portugal and his wife , Queen Philippa of Portugal , a daughter of John of Gaunt . Edward was the oldest member of the `` Illustrious Generation '' of accomplished royal children who contributed to the development of Portuguese civilization during the 15th century . As a cousin of several English kings , he became a Knight of the Garter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "490b988896b93dcb67e6fe676dac410c",
"text": "Renaissance art Renaissance art is the painting , sculpture and decorative arts of that period of European history known as the Renaissance , emerging as a distinct style in Italy in about 1400 , in parallel with developments which occurred in philosophy , literature , music and science . The Renaissance art , perceived as the noblest of ancient traditions , took as its foundation the art of Classical antiquity , but transformed that tradition by absorbing recent developments in the art of Northern Europe and by applying contemporary scientific knowledge . Renaissance art , with Renaissance Humanist philosophy , spread throughout Europe , affecting both artists and their patrons with the development of new techniques and new artistic sensibilities . Renaissance art marks the transition of Europe from the medieval period to the Early Modern age . In many parts of Europe , Early Renaissance art was created in parallel with Late Medieval art . The influences upon the development of Renaissance men and women in the early 15th century are those that also affected Philosophy , Literature , Architecture , Theology , Science , Government and other aspects of society . The following list presents a summary , dealt with more fully in the main articles that are cited above . Classical texts , lost to European scholars for centuries , became available . These included Philosophy , Prose , Poetry , Drama , Science , a thesis on the Arts and Early Christian Theology . Simultaneously , Europe gained access to advanced mathematics which had its provenance in the works of Islamic scholars . The advent of movable type printing in the 15th century meant that ideas could be disseminated easily , and an increasing number of books were written for a broad public . The establishment of the Medici Bank and the subsequent trade it generated brought unprecedented wealth to a single Italian city , Florence . Cosimo de ' Medici set a new standard for patronage of the arts , not associated with the church or monarchy . Humanist philosophy meant that man 's relationship with humanity , the universe and with God was no longer the exclusive province of the Church . A revived interest in the Classics brought about the first archaeological study of Roman remains by the architect Brunelleschi and sculptor Donatello . The revival of a style of architecture based on classical precedents inspired a corresponding classicism in painting and sculpture , which manifested itself as early as the 1420s in the paintings of Masaccio and Uccello . The improvement of oil paint and developments in oil-painting technique by Dutch artists such as Jan van Eyck , Rogier van der Weyden and Hugo van der Goes led to its adoption in Italy from about 1475 and had ultimately lasting effects on painting practices , worldwide . The serendipitous presence within the region of Florence in the early 15th century of certain individuals of artistic genius , most notably Masaccio , Brunelleschi , Ghiberti , Piero della Francesca , Donatello and Michelozzo formed an ethos out of which sprang the great masters of the High Renaissance , as well as supporting and encouraging many lesser artists to achieve work of extraordinary quality . A similar heritage of artistic achievement occurred in Venice through the talented Bellini family , their influential inlaw Mantegna , Giorgione , Titian and Tintoretto . The publication of two treatises by Leone Battista Alberti , De Pitura ( On Painting ) , 1435 , and De re aedificatoria ( Ten Books on Architecture ) , 1452 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ca798ac50f737db3033fe3566785c29",
"text": "Granada War The Granada War ( Guerra de Granada ) was a series of military campaigns between 1482 and 1492 , during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs ( los Reyes Católicos ) Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon , against the Nasrid dynasty 's Emirate of Granada . It ended with the defeat of Granada and its annexation by Castile , ending all Islamic rule on the Iberian peninsula ( al-Andalus ) . The ten-year war was not a continuous effort , but a series of seasonal campaigns launched in spring and broken off in winter . The Granadans were crippled by internal conflict and civil war , while the Christians were generally unified . The war also saw the effective use of artillery by the Christians to rapidly conquer towns that would otherwise have required a long siege . On January 2 , 1492 Muhammad XII of Granada ( King Boabdil ) surrendered the Emirate of Granada , the city of Granada , and the Alhambra palace to the Castilian forces . The war was a joint project between Isabella 's Crown of Castile and Ferdinand 's Crown of Aragon . The bulk of the troops and funds for the war came from Castile , and Granada was annexed into Castile 's lands . The Crown of Aragon was less important : apart from the presence of King Ferdinand himself , Aragon provided naval collaboration , guns , and some financial loans . Aristocrats were offered the allure of new lands , while Ferdinand and Isabella centralized and consolidated power . The aftermath of the war saw the end of convivencia ( `` live and let live '' ) between religions In the Iberian peninsula : the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or be exiled in 1492 , and by 1501 , all of Granada 's Muslims were obliged to either convert to Christianity , become slaves , or be exiled ; by 1526 this prohibition spread to the rest of Spain . `` New Christians '' ( conversos ) came to be accused of crypto-Islam and crypto-Judaism . Spain would go on to model its national aspirations as the guardian of Christianity and Catholicism . The fall of the Alhambra is still celebrated every year by the City Council of Granada , and the Granada War is considered in traditional Spanish historiography as the final war of the Reconquista . At the same time , and uniquely in the `` Reconquista '' , the Granada War itself is never called `` the reconquest of Granada '' '' , but rather `` the conquest of Granada '' . Granada had never been Christian before the `` reconquista '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4478800a191dc387187c9904dbe12493 | Charles Woodruff Yost was appointed to act or speak to the United Nations for the United States. | [
{
"docid": "098a9f00b3e94ffbb4884b187921ec9a",
"text": "Charles Woodruff Yost Charles Woodruff Yost ( November 6 , 1907 -- May 21 , 1981 ) was a career U.S. diplomat who was assigned as his country 's representative to the United Nations from 1969 to 1971 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7840281e81be7fb546fce82b5d113e43",
"text": "Todd Stern Todd D. Stern ( born May 4 , 1951 ) served as the United States Special Envoy for Climate Change , leading talks at the United Nations climate change conferences and smaller sessions , appointed by U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton on January 26 , 2009 . He was the United State 's chief negotiator at the 2015 Paris Climate Agreement . Stern previously served under the Bill Clinton administration as Assistant to the President and Staff Secretary in the White House from 1993 to 1998 , during which time he also acted as the senior White House negotiator at the Kyoto Protocol and Buenos Aires negotiations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc201293475e261a8145d0713ea4684",
"text": "United States Congress The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58c02434ac4d47a3e09f77dedba41557",
"text": "Combined Shipping Adjustment Board The Combined Shipping Adjustment Board or Combined Shipping Board was a joint American-British war agency 1942-45 nominally in charge of commercial shipping . It proved ineffective as much more powerful boards , such as the Combined Munitions Assignments Board , ignored it . The U.S. Army and Navy controlled most shipping and refused to share responsibility with the Board as did the powerful War Shipping Administration . For practical purposes the agency was inactive by spring 1943 . President Franklin D. Roosevelt and Prime Minister Winston Churchill set it up in January 1942 with a 6-point mandate : 1 . In principle the shipping resources of the two countries will be deemed to be pooled . The fullest information will be interchanged . 2 . Owing to the military and physical facts of the situation around the British Isles , the entire movement of shipping now under the control of Great Britain will continue to be directed by the Ministry of War Transport . 3 . Similarly , the appropriate authority in the United States will continue to direct the movements and allocations of U.S. shipping or shipping of other Powers under U.S. control . 4 . In order to adjust and concert in one harmonious policy the work of the British Ministry of War Transport and the shipping authorities of the U.S. Government , there wilt be established forthwith in Washington a Combined Shipping Adjustment Board consisting of a representative of the United States and a representative of the British Government who will represent and act under the instructions of the British Minister of War Transport . 5 . A similar Adjustment Board will be set up in London consisting of the Minister of War Transport and a representative of the U.S. Government . 6 . In both cases the executive power will be exercised solely by the appropriate shipping agency in Washington and by the Minister of War Transport in London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b67978c54f4d6a26bfa7a553a5e897e3",
"text": "Special Relationship The Special Relationship is the unofficial term for the exceptionally close political , diplomatic , cultural , economic , military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States . It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill . Although both the United Kingdom and United States have close relationships with many other nations , the level of cooperation between them in economic activity , trade and commerce , military planning , execution of military operations , nuclear weapons technology , and intelligence sharing has been described as `` unparalleled '' among major powers . The United Kingdom and United States have been close allies in numerous military and political conflicts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries including World War I , World War II , the Korean War , the Cold War , the Gulf War , and the War on Terror .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f06fa28cacc853ddf57f3dcb5ed2b7b4",
"text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1435 United Nations Security Council resolution 1435 , adopted on 24 September 2002 , after recalling resolutions 242 ( 1967 ) , 338 ( 1973 ) , 1397 ( 2002 ) , 1402 ( 2002 ) and 1403 ( 2002 ) , the Council demanded the end to Israeli measures in Ramallah , including the destruction of Palestinian infrastructure . The Security Council reiterated its concern at events that had taken place in the region since September 2000 and their deterioration , particularly terrorist attacks against civilians in Israel and at a Palestinian school in Hebron . It demanded the end of the occupation of the headquarters of the President of the Palestinian Authority Yasser Arafat . Furthermore , there was alarm at the reoccupation of Palestinian cities and restrictions on the freedom of movement of people and goods and the need for all to respect the Fourth Geneva Convention of 1949 . The resolution reiterated the need for a complete cessation of all acts of violence , demanding that Israel end measures in and around Ramallah and to withdraw occupying forces from Palestinian cities to positions held before September 2000 . The Palestinian Authority was called upon to ensure that those responsible for the terrorist acts would be brought to justice . It also supported further diplomatic efforts by the Quartet on the Middle East and others in the region and recognised the initiative adopted at the Arab League Summit in Beirut which stated that peace between Israel and the Palestinians could be achieved through the abandonment of the right to return of Palestinian refugees in exchange for the establishment of a Palestinian state in the 1967 borders and the sharing of Jerusalem . Resolution 1435 was adopted by 14 votes to none against and one abstention from the United States . American representatives John Negroponte and James Cunningham stated that the country would not support a `` one-sided resolution '' which did not explicitly condemn the terrorists or those who gave them safe haven .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b7721434bc8275311ab3e4094f9574d",
"text": "Terrence L. Bracy Terrence L. Bracy , a St. Louis native , is a leading expert on Congressional legislation . As an aide to former Congressman Morris K. Udall , Terry Bracy did crucial behind-the-scenes work on important reform measures , including the Alaska Native Claims Act , the Campaign Reform Acts of 1971 and 1974 , the Colorado River Basin Act of 1968 , as well as numerous other bills dealing with parks and wilderness , clean energy technologies , and governmental reorganization . Terry Bracy served as an aide to Congressman Udall from 1966-1976 . He convinced Congressman Udall to run for President in 1976 and conceived Udall 's successful campaign strategy , at a time when very few Congressmen ran for President . In January 1977 , President Jimmy Carter appointed Terry Bracy Assistant Secretary of Transportation . From 1977-1979 , Bracy was a major player in the advent of airbags in cars , and of the nation 's first fuel economy standards . He was also the department 's liaison to Congress , to the White House , to the nation 's governors and mayors , and to the press . Bracy led the effort to put the first user fee on America 's waterway system , and in 1979 he led the first Federal effort to `` reinvent the auto '' and modernize Detroit . In 1981 , Bracy founded the consulting firm that is now Bracy Tucker Brown and Valanzano , and has directed that firm ever since . Bracy Tucker has had many Fortune 500 clients , as well as major U.S. cities , airports , Native American tribes , European and Asian concerns and the U.S. government . In 1992 , the Udall Foundation was established by the U.S. Congress to honor the 30-year legacy of public service by Congressman Mo Udall and enhanced in 2009 to honor Secretary Stewart L. Udall . In 1994 , Terry Bracy was appointed by President Bill Clinton to the board of trustees of the Udall Foundation and subsequently elected the first chair . He was reappointed by President Clinton in 1998 , and by President George W. Bush in 2006 . Bracy led the Foundation from its first class of Udall Scholars in 1995 and under his leadership , the Foundation also created the Native American Internship on Capitol Hill , co-founded the Native Nations Institute , and accepted from Congress the stewardship of the US Institute for Environmental Conflict Resolution . On October 27 , 2011 , Bracy stepped down from his role as chair of the Udall Foundation board . There was a dinner to honor Bracy and his distinguished service to the Udall Foundation the same day in Tucson , Ariz. . Bill Bradley , former three-term U.S. Senator from New Jersey and 2000 Presidential candidate , was the keynote speaker at the dinner . `` Terry Bracy is a true master of the legislative process . He is smart , intuitive , trustworthy , knows his business , and he really cares about the mission of the Udall Foundation , '' said Senator Bradley . Bracy is now `` retired chair emeritus '' of the Foundation . Several elected officials issued formal statements about Bracy 's contributions to the Udall Foundation . `` Terry 's dedicated service has been critical to advancing the tremendous legacies of Mo and Stewart Udall , '' said Senator John McCain of Arizona . `` I wish him the best . '' `` Terry served many years to make sure the Udall legacy would be enshrined in the national consciousness , not just today but in the future , '' said Congressman Raúl Grijalva of Arizona . `` He has the sincere thanks of all of us who know how important the Udall Foundation and its work are to this country . I was happy to work with him , and he will be missed . '' Senator Mark Udall of Colorado made a statement on the floor of the U.S. Senate about Bracy . `` In light of his impending retirement from the Udall Foundation board , it is fitting that we commemorate Terry 's groundbreaking work on behalf of the foundation . '' In addition , Senator Tom Udall of New Mexico made a similar floor statement , noting `` The Udall Foundation would not be what it is today without the tireless work of one man -- Terrence L. Bracy . '' There was significant media attention regarding Bracy stepping down . On the occasion of his retirement , an annual award was created in Bracy 's honor . The Terrence L. Bracy Distinguished Alumnus Award recognizes outstanding contributions from Udall alumni in four principal areas of public service : conflict resolution , environmental work , health care ( including social services ) , and tribal public policy . Bracy was married to Nancy Kay Muhlitner in 1966 . They have two sons , Michael and Timothy , and three grandchildren .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40d678faafe13fb09ffe77c9e2783541",
"text": "History of the United States National Security Council 1953–61 This article is about the history of the United States National Security Council during the Eisenhower Administration , 1953 -- 1961 . Under President Dwight D. Eisenhower , the National Security Council system evolved into the principal arm of the President in formulating and executing policy on military , international , and internal security affairs . Where Harry S. Truman was uncomfortable with the NSC system and only made regular use of it under the pressure of the Korean War , Eisenhower embraced the NSC concept and created a structured system of integrated policy review . Eisenhower had a penchant for careful staff work , and believed that effective planning involved a creative process of discussion and debate among advisers compelled to work toward consensus recommendations . The genesis of the new NSC system was a report prepared for the President in March 1953 by Robert Cutler , who became the President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs . Cutler proposed a systematic flow of recommendation , decision , and implementation that he later described as the `` policy hill '' process . At the bottom of the hill , concerned agencies such as State and Defense produced draft policy recommendations on specific topics and worked for consensus at the agency level . These draft NSC papers went up the hill through the Planning Board , created to review and refine the recommendations before passing them on for full NSC consideration . The NSC Planning Board met on Tuesday and Friday afternoons and was composed of officials at the Assistant Secretary level from the agencies with permanent or standing representation on the Council , as well as advisers from the Joint Chiefs of Staff and Central Intelligence Agency . Hundreds of hours were spent by the Board reviewing and reconstructing proposed papers for the NSC . Cutler resigned in 1958 in exhaustion . The top of the foreign policy-making hill was the NSC itself , chaired by the President , which met regularly on Thursday mornings . The Council consisted of the five statutory members : the President , Vice President , Secretaries of State and Defense , and Director of the Office of Defense Mobilization . Depending on the subject under discussion , as many as a score of other senior Cabinet members and advisers , including the Secretary of the Treasury , the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff , and the Director of Central Intelligence , attended and participated . The agenda included regular briefings by the Director of Central Intelligence on worldwide developments affecting U.S. security , and consideration of the policy papers advanced by the Planning Board . The upshot of the discussions were recommendations to the President in the form of NSC Actions . The President , who participated in the discussion , normally endorsed the NSC Action , and the decision went down the hill for implementation to the Operations Coordinating Board . President Eisenhower created the Operations Coordinating Board ( OCB ) to follow up on all NSC decisions . The OCB met regularly on Wednesday afternoons at the Department of State , and was composed of the Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs , Deputy Secretary of Defense , the Directors of the CIA , the United States Information Agency , and ICA , and the Special Assistants to the President for National Security Affairs and Security Operations Coordination . The OCB was the coordinating and implementing arm of the NSC for all aspects of the implementation of national security policy . NSC action papers were assigned to a team from the OCB for follow-up . More than 40 interagency working groups were established with experts for various countries and subjects . This 24-person staff of the OCB supported these working groups in which officials from various agencies met each other for the first time . The President 's Special Assistant for National Security Affairs , a post held under Eisenhower by Cutler , Dillon Anderson , William Harding Jackson , and finally Gordon Gray , oversaw the flow of recommendations and decisions up and down the policy hill , and functioned in Council meetings to brief the Council and summarize the sense of discussion . The Special Assistant was an essential facilitator of the decision-making system , but , unlike the National Security Adviser created under Kennedy , had no substantive role in the process . The NSC staff managed by the Special Assistant grew during the Eisenhower years , but again had no independent role in the policy process . President Eisenhower had great confidence in the efficacy of covert operations as a viable supplement or alternative to previous normal foreign policy initiatives . The seeming clear success of the operations to overthrow Iranian populist leader Mossadegeh in 1953 , and overthrow the democratically elected , left-leaning President Jacobo Árbenz Guzmán in Guatemala in 1954 was not without their crisis moments in the White House . In 1954 NSC 5412 provided for the establishment of a panel of designated representatives of the President and the Secretaries of State and Defense to meet regularly to review and recommend covert operations . Gordon Gray assumed the chairmanship of the `` 5412 Committee '' as it was called , and all succeeding National Security Advisers have chaired similar successor committees , variously named `` 303 '' , `` 40 '' , `` Special Coordinating Committee , '' which , in later Presidential administrations , were charged with the review of CIA covert operations . President Eisenhower also created the position of staff secretary with the responsibility to screen all foreign policy and military documents coming to the President . While Colonel Andrew Goodpaster held this position , he tended to eclipse the Special Assistant for National Security . The strength of the NSC system under Eisenhower was that it provided for regular , fully staffed , interagency review of major foreign and national security issues , culminating in discussion and decision at the highest level of government . The resulting Presidentially approved NSC papers provided policy guidance at every level of implementation . Eisenhower felt that the regular policy discussions kept his principal advisers fully informed , in step with one another , and prepared to react knowledgeably in the event of crisis . His commitment to the system was such that he chaired every Council meeting he could attend ( 329 of a total of 366 ) . The NSC meetings , including prior briefings and subsequent review of NSC Actions , constituted the largest single item on his weekly agenda . Secretary of State John Foster Dulles , on the other hand , had reservations about the NSC system . He was the strongest personality in the Eisenhower Cabinet and jealously guarded his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . He had constant , direct access to the President and did not feel that some of the most sensitive issues should be discussed in groups as large as were involved in most NSC meetings . He drew a sharp line between the NSC policy review process and the day-to-day operations of foreign policy , which he maintained were the province of the Department of State . Dulles and his deputies also were not comfortable with the scope the NSC review system gave to Secretary of the Treasury George Humphrey , another strong figure in the Cabinet , to intrude budgetary limitations into policy considerations . Dulles successfully resisted a proposal to substitute the Vice President for the Under Secretary of State as chairman of the OCB , arguing that such a change would impinge on his role as principal adviser to the President on foreign policy . Critics of the Eisenhower NSC system have argued that it was inflexible , overstaffed , unable to anticipate and react to immediate crises , and weighed down by committees reporting in great detail on long checklists of minor policy concerns . The most thorough critique of the system emerged from the hearings conducted in 1960 ( 1961 by the Senate Subcommittee on National Policy Machinery , known as the Jackson Subcommittee for its chairman , Senator Henry Jackson . Cutler and NSC Executive Secretary James Lay testified in support of the effectiveness of the system , but their testimony was offset by that of former Truman administration officials such as George Kennan , Paul Nitze , and Robert Lovett . They argued that foreign policy was being made by a passive President influenced by a National Security Council rendered virtually useless by ponderous , bureaucratic machinery . Basically , they argued , the NSC was a huge committee , and suffered from all the weaknesses of committees . Composed of representatives of many agencies , its members were not free to adopt the broad , statesmanlike attitude desired by the President , but , rather , were ambassadors of their own departments , clinging to departmental rather than national views . To make matters worse , critics added , the NSC system by its very nature was restricted to continuing and developing already established policies and was incapable of originating new ideas or major innovations . The critics suggested replacement of the formal , `` over-institutionalized '' NSC structure with a smaller , less formal NSC which would offer the President a clear choice of alternatives on a limited number of major problems . Eisenhower was certainly not a passive President , dominated by his Secretary of State on foreign policy and national security issues . In fact , Eisenhower was actively in command of his administration 's foreign policy , and the established NSC system met his instincts and requirements to the extent he used them . Although there is substance in the criticism that the Eisenhower NSC became to some extent the prisoner of a rigidly bureaucratic process , the criticism misses the point that Eisenhower and Dulles did not attempt to manage fast-breaking foreign policy crises or day-to-day operation through the NSC apparatus . An examination of several of the major foreign policy decisions that confronted the Eisenhower administration reveals that the NSC system was used to manage some , but was essentially bypassed in others . The established NSC process was used when the question involved a policy debate between departments with strongly held , contending positions , as it did in the case of the debate between the Departments of State and Defense in 1956/1957 over whether to introduce a more modern generation of weapons into Korea , where it focused debate and produced the necessary agreed-upon decision after discussion of three draft policy papers . In fast-breaking crisis situations however , including the concurrent Suez crisis and Hungarian Revolution of 1956 , the first and Second Taiwan Strait Crisis of 1955 and 1958 , and the 1958 Lebanon crisis , these were typically managed through small meetings with the President in the White House , normally involving Dulles and other concerned advisers , and through telephone conversations between Eisenhower , Dulles , and other principal advisers . Eisenhower sometimes used trusted NSC staffers to serve as an intermediary to gain information outside the chain of command as he did with Colonel Goodpaster during the straits crisis in 1955 . There was great similarity between this process of crisis management and that adopted by subsequent Presidents , such as Kennedy , Johnson , and Nixon , except for the fact that the ad hoc meetings in the Eisenhower White House did not involve a National Security Adviser as a substantive participant . And in the event that aspects of crisis management depended on contact with the critical man-on-the-spot , as it did in 1958 when Deputy Under Secretary of State Robert Murphy was dispatched to Lebanon to attempt to defuse the crisis , his instructions came from the Department of State and he reported to the Secretary of State rather than directly to the White House , as became the practice during the height of the Vietnam War . When Eisenhower briefed President-elect Kennedy on the NSC system , as when Gordon Gray briefed his successor McGeorge Bundy , they both emphasized the importance of the established NSC machinery in the management of foreign policy and national security affairs . They might have been more persuasive in maintaining the system had they pointed to the fact that the NSC apparatus was essentially limited to policy review , but was not used by them to manage foreign policy crises or day-to-day decisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "246dbec5b220f6e935d73e7d8f5ec0cd",
"text": "List of specialized agencies of the United Nations Specialized agencies are autonomous organizations working with the United Nations and each other through the coordinating machinery of the United Nations Economic and Social Council at the intergovernmental level , and through the Chief Executives Board for coordination ( CEB ) at the inter-secretariat level . Specialized agencies may or may not have been originally created by the United Nations , but they are incorporated into the United Nations System by the United Nations Economic and Social Council acting under Articles 57 and 63 of the United Nations Charter . At present the UN has in total 15 specialized agencies that carry out various functions on behalf of the UN . The specialized agencies are listed below .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "847e8bd1d21523801f624b8dd4da567b",
"text": "1996 State of the Union Address The 1996 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 104th United States Congress on January 23 , 1996 . The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Clinton 's first term . This speech occurred shortly after the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996 which had resulted from disagreements on the 1996 United States federal budget . President Clinton discussed the economy and declared that `` the era of big government is over , '' and continued , `` but we can not go back to the time when our citizens were left to fend for themselves . We must go forward as one America , one nation working together , to meet the challenges we face together . Self-reliance and teamwork are not opposing virtues -- we must have both . '' The president discussed welfare reform , the V-chip , education , community policing , crime and the environment . The president also discussed foreign relations and the federal budget . The Republican Party response was delivered by Senator Bob Dole of Kansas . He stated that '' -LSB- President Clinton -RSB- is the chief obstacle to a balanced budget and the balanced budget amendment ... . While the President 's words speak of change , his deeds are a contradiction . President Clinton claims to embrace the future while clinging to the policies of the past . '' Donna Shalala , the Secretary of Health and Human Services , served as the designated survivor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8703673131558db6181bf0edf875820d",
"text": "American Committee on United Europe The American Committee on United Europe ( ACUE ) , founded in 1948 , was an American organization which sought to counter the Communist threat in Europe by promoting European political integration . Its first chairman was ex-wartime OSS head William Joseph Donovan . The vice-chairman was Allen Dulles . A board member was Walter Bedell Smith . The structure of the organisation was outlined in early summer of 1948 by Donovan and Allen Welsh Dulles by then also reviewing the organization of the Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) . in response to assistance requests by Richard von Coudenhove-Kalergi and Winston Churchill . Declassified American government documents have shown that the ACUE was an important early funder of both the European Movement and the European Youth Campaign . The ACUE itself received funding from the Rockefeller and Ford foundations . The U.S. policy was to promote a United States of Europe , and to this end the committee was used to discreetly funnel CIA funds - by the mid 50 's ACUE was receiving roughly $ 1,000,000 USD per year - to European pro-federalists supporting such organizations as the Council of Europe , the European Coal and Steel Community , and the proposed European Defence Community . The end of an article appearing in The Daily Telegraph in September 2000 noted that : `` The State Department also played a role . A memo from the European section , dated June 11 , 1965 , advises the vice-president of the European Economic Community , Robert Marjolin , to pursue monetary union by stealth . It recommends suppressing debate until the point at which `` adoption of such proposals would become virtually inescapable '' . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3bbc6870d567cb0a5893b414421905d",
"text": "Yalta Conference The Yalta Conference , sometimes called the Crimea conference and code named the Argonaut Conference , held from February 4 to 11 , 1945 , was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States , the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union for the purpose of discussing Europe 's postwar reorganization . The three states were represented by President Franklin D. Roosevelt , Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Premier Joseph Stalin , respectively . The conference convened in the Livadia Palace near Yalta in Crimea , Soviet Union . The goal of the conference was to shape a post-war peace that represented not just a collective security order but a plan to give self-determination to the liberated peoples of post-Nazi Europe . The meeting was intended mainly to discuss the re-establishment of the nations of war-torn Europe . Within a few years , with the Cold War dividing the continent , Yalta became a subject of intense controversy . To a degree , it has remained controversial . Yalta was the second of three wartime conferences among the Big Three . It had been preceded by the Tehran Conference in 1943 , and was followed by the Potsdam Conference in July 1945 , which was attended by Stalin , Churchill ( who was replaced halfway through by the newly elected British Prime Minister Clement Attlee ) and Harry S. Truman , Roosevelt 's successor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "762f8a8602c0dba4ba0e986bc3214b74",
"text": "Charles Hill (diplomat) Charles Hill ( born April 28 , 1936 ) is the Diplomat-in-Residence and a lecturer in International Studies at Yale University . A career foreign service officer , Mr. Hill was a senior adviser to George Shultz , Henry Kissinger , and Ronald Reagan , as well as Boutros Boutros-Ghali , the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations . At Yale , he teaches , along with Paul Kennedy and John Gaddis , the seminar `` Studies in Grand Strategy '' , a rigorous interdisciplinary study of leadership , statecraft and diplomacy . He also teaches students enrolled in the Directed Studies program . Beginning in 2006 , Hill offered a new course , Oratory in Statecraft . Not since Rollin G. Osterweis , who taught `` The History and Practice of American Oratory '' , had oratory been taught at Yale . Hill received a B.A. from Brown University in 1957 , a J.D. and an M.A. in American Studies from the University of Pennsylvania in 1960 and 1961 , respectively . He is a recipient of the Superior Honor Award from the State Department , the Presidential Distinguished Service Award , and the Secretary of State 's Medal . He holds an honorary doctorate of laws from Rowan University . Hill is a research fellow at Stanford University 's Hoover Institution . Hill is also a Project for the New American Century ( PNAC ) signatory . Hill served as Chief Foreign Policy Advisor to Rudy Giuliani , a Republican candidate for the 2008 presidential election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03bf4f3f81b1002d7b1f320045e24903",
"text": "Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations The role of the Ambassador and Permanent Representative of France to the United Nations is as the leader of the French delegation to the United Nations in New York and as head of the Permanent Mission of France to the UN . The position has the rank and status of an Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary and is also the permanent representative of France in the United Nations Security Council . The Permanent Representative , currently François Delattre , is charged with representing France , both through its non-permanent seat on the U.N. Security Council and also during plenary meetings of the General Assembly , except in the rare situation in which a more senior officer ( such as the Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Development , the Prime Minister or the President ) is present .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd3cfa8cffb89c87f5918ad9e2980bf8",
"text": "1940 State of the Union Address The 1940 State of the Union Address was given by the 32nd President of the United States , Franklin D. Roosevelt , on January 3 , 1940 , to both houses of Congress . It was given right before the United States entered World War II . He said , `` You are well aware that dictatorships -- and the philosophy of force that justifies and accompanies dictatorships -- have originated in almost every case in the necessity for drastic action to improve internal conditions in places where democratic action for one reason or another has failed to respond to modern needs and modern demands . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cd257cffe58ce0400dde5df6298c8d4",
"text": "Nuclear Posture Review The Nuclear Posture Review is a process `` to determine what the role of nuclear weapons in U.S. security strategy should be . '' The first NPR of 2002 was the second of these quadrennial reviews of United States nuclear forces undertaken by the United States Department of Defense . The first took place in 1994 . The final report is National Security Classified and submitted to the Congress of the United States . The 2002 Nuclear Posture Review also included components requiring the `` Pentagon to draft contingency plans for the use of nuclear weapons against at least seven countries , naming not only Russia and the `` axis of evil '' -- Iraq , Iran , and North Korea -- but also China , Libya and Syria . '' President Barack Obama 's 2010 Nuclear Posture Review was preceded by high expectations because of his 2009 speech in Prague , Czech Republic where he prominently outlined a vision of a world without nuclear weapons . His NPR was hoped by observers to make concrete moves toward this goal . The finished 2010 policy renounces development of any new nuclear weapons such as the bunker-busters proposed by the Bush administration , and for the first time rules out a nuclear attack against non-nuclear-weapon states who are in compliance with the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty . This rule pointedly excludes Iran and North Korea . As part of the implementation of the 2010 Nuclear Posture Review , the U.S. Government is reviewing its nuclear deterrence requirements and nuclear plans to ensure that they are aligned to address today 's threats . Rose Gottemoeller , U.S. Acting Undersecretary of State for Arms Control and International Security , said in early June 2012 that the United States was considering what forces the United States needed to maintain for strategic stability and deterrence , including extended deterrence and assurance to U.S. Allies and partners . Based on this analysis the United States would develop proposals for potential further reductions in its nuclear stockpile .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53f27b00d10d88c30a227b3d82e16421",
"text": "Unitary executive theory The unitary executive theory is a theory of American constitutional law holding that the President possesses the power to control the entire executive branch . The doctrine is rooted in Article Two of the United States Constitution , which vests `` the executive power '' of the United States in the President . Although that general principle is widely accepted , there is disagreement about the strength and scope of the doctrine . It can be said that some favor a `` strongly unitary '' executive , while others favor a `` weakly unitary '' executive . The former group argue , for example , that Congress 's power to interfere with intra-executive decision-making ( such as firing executive branch officials ) is limited , and that the President can control policy-making by all executive agencies within the limits set for those agencies by Congress . Still others agree that the Constitution requires a unitary executive , but believe this to be a bad thing , and propose its abolition by constitutional amendment . In several states , in contrast to the federal government , executive officers such as lieutenant governor , attorney general , comptroller , secretary of state and others are elected independently of the state 's governor , with Texas being one example . This type of executive structure is known as a plural executive . Another type of plural executive , used in Japan , Israel , and Sweden , though not in any U.S. state , in which a collegial body comprises the executive branch - however , that collegial body does not comprise multiple members elected in elections , but is rather more akin to the US Cabinet in formation and structure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22ec5bcde8c9f78a9f41b145b10fdf9b",
"text": "Superstate A superstate is defined as `` a large and powerful State formed when several smaller countries unite '' , `` A large and powerful state formed from a federation or union of nations '' . This is distinct from the concept of superpower , although these are frequently seen together . It is also distinct from the concept of empire , where one nation dominates other nations through military , political , and economic power , although an empire may also be a superstate . In the early 20th century , `` superstate '' had a similar definition as today 's supranational organisations . In a 1927 article by Edward A. Harriman on the League of Nations , a superstate was defined as merely `` an organisation , of which a state is a member , which is superior to the member themselves '' , in that '' -LSB- a -RSB- complete superstate has legislative , executive and judicial organs to make , to execute and to interpret its laws '' . According to this definition , Harriman saw the League of Nations as a `` rudimentary superstate '' , and the United States as `` an example of a complete and perfect superstate '' . In World Order of Bahá ` u 'll áh , first published in 1938 , Shoghi Effendi , the Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith , described the anticipated world government of that religion as the `` world 's future super-state '' with the Bahá ' í Faith as the `` State Religion of an independent and Sovereign Power . '' In the 1970s , academic literature used the term `` superstate '' to indicate a particularly rich and powerful state , in a similar fashion to the term superpower . In contemporary political debate , especially the one centred on the European Union , the term `` superstate '' is used to indicate a ( usually deemed unwelcome ) development in which the Union takes over the character of a State ( including the monopoly on violence ) thus abolishing the sovereignty and independence of its member states . For instance , Glyn Morgan opposes the perspective of a `` European superstate '' to the ones of `` a Europe of nation-states '' and of `` a post-sovereign European polity '' . In her definition , a `` European superstate is nothing more than a sovereign state - a tried and tested type of polity that predominates in the modern world - operating on a European wide scale '' , i.e. , `` a unitary European state '' The term was famously used by Margaret Thatcher in her 1988 Bruges speech , when she decried the perspective of `` a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels '' , and has since entered the eurosceptic lexicon . Tony Blair argued in 2000 that he welcomed an EU as a `` superpower , not a superstate ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "210814fb43e284745aa265a6e7cec3ed",
"text": "Counselor of the United States Department of State The Counselor of the United States Department of State is a position within the United States Department of State that serves the Secretary of State as a special advisor and consultant on major problems of foreign policy and who provides guidance to the appropriate bureaus with respect to such matters . The Counselor conducts special international negotiations and consultations , and also undertakes special assignments from time to time , as directed by the Secretary . Currently , the Counselor holds under law a rank equivalent to that of Under Secretary of State . The Secretary of State created the position of Counselor for the Department of State in 1909 as part of a general Department reorganization . In 1912 , the position became a Presidential appointment . Between 1913 and 1919 , the Counselor served as the Department 's second-ranking officer , assuming the role previously exercised by the Assistant Secretary of State . In 1919 , the newly created position of Under Secretary of State subsumed the duties of the Counselor . An Act of Congress , May 18 , 1937 , re-established the position of Counselor of the Department of State . Between 1961 and 1965 , the Counselor also served as the Chairman of the Policy Planning Council . On April 30 , 1994 , the title was changed to Under Secretary of State for Global Affairs when Counselor Timothy E. Wirth was appointed to that position , but another Counselor was appointed in 1997 . The most recent Counselor was Ambassador Kristie A. Kenney , who served from February 12 , 2016 to February 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32bee1a6173a4324278952a49b1ec0a7",
"text": "Assistant Secretary of State for Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance The Assistant Secretary of State for Arms Control , Verification and Compliance is the head of the Bureau of Arms Control , Verification and Compliance . The position was created on December 12 , 1999 by Secretary Albright as the Assistant Secretary of State for Verification and Compliance . The Bureau became fully operational on February 1 , 2000 . Within the Department , the Assistant Secretary is responsible for all matters relating to the supervision of verification and compliance with international arms control , nonproliferation , and disarmament agreements . The Assistant Secretary advises the Secretary of State and the Under Secretary for Arms Control and International Security/Senior Adviser to the President and the Secretary of State for Arms Control , Nonproliferation and Disarmament on the appropriate uses of the `` Key Verification Assets Fund , '' and manages the fund . The Assistant Secretary is also responsible for the President 's Annual Report to Congress on Adherence to and Compliance with Arms Control Agreements , for Verifiability Assessments for all international arms control and nonproliferation agreements , and for specialized compliance reports required by U.S. Senate Resolutions of ratification , such as the Chemical Weapons Convention .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "298f6478c571d98c6869e0fe56516a29",
"text": "United Nations Security Council Resolution 1090 United Nations Security Council resolution 1090 , adopted without a vote at a closed meeting on 13 December 1996 , having considered the question of the recommendation for the appointment of the Secretary-General of the United Nations , the Council recommended to the General Assembly that Mr. Kofi Annan be appointed for a term of office from 1 January 1997 , to 31 December 2001 . Kofi Annan , a Ghanaian diplomat , was the seventh Secretary-General of the United Nations . The United States had vetoed another term for his predecessor , Boutros Boutros-Ghali , due to lack of reform . It was the first time that a Security Council resolution had been adopted by acclamation .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
72c54a64d90a1e14b843c449a5edd00b | Victor Hugo wrote about artistic trends. | [
{
"docid": "f040ab5917d4e706d2c93f57836e9c77",
"text": "Victor Hugo Victor Marie Hugo ( -LSB- viktɔʁ maʁi yɡo -RSB- ; 26 February 1802 -- 22 May 1885 ) was a French poet , novelist , and dramatist of the Romantic movement . He is considered one of the greatest and best-known French writers . Outside France , his best-known works are the novels Les Misérables , 1862 , and The Hunchback of Notre-Dame ( Notre-Dame de Paris ) , 1831 . In France , Hugo is known primarily for his poetry collections , such as Les Contemplations ( The Contemplations ) and La Légende des siècles ( The Legend of the Ages ) . He produced more than 4,000 drawings and also campaigned for social causes such as the abolition of capital punishment . Though a committed royalist when he was young , Hugo 's views changed as the decades passed , and he became a passionate supporter of republicanism ; his work touches upon most of the political and social issues and the artistic trends of his time . He is buried in the Panthéon in Paris . His legacy has been honoured in many ways , including his portrait being placed on French currency .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "22522f5d3849b3a7f95445f64b2b9578",
"text": "Art Nouveau furniture Furniture created in the Art Nouveau style was prominent from the late 19th century to the advent of the First World War . Unlike furniture made by the British Arts and Crafts movement , from which it emerged in stylistic respects , most Art Nouveau furniture was produced in factories by normal manufacturing techniques , which led to tensions with Arts and Crafts figures in England , who criticised continental Art Nouveau furniture for not being '' ` honestly ' constructed . It also tended to be expensive , as a fine finish , usually polished or varnished , was regarded as essential , and continental designs were usually very complex , with curving shapes that were expensive to make . It by no means entirely replaced other styles of furniture , which continued to be popular , with Art Nouveau styles largely restricted to an expensive `` art furniture '' category . The style was named for Siegfried Bing 's Maison de l'Art Nouveau gallery and shop in Paris , which opened in 1895 , and in France and Belgium furniture designers took up the style with more enthusiasm than those of most countries . Several notable designers were architects who designed furniture for specific buildings they had also designed , a way of working inherited from the Arts and Crafts movement ; these include Charles Rennie Mackintosh , Antoni Gaudí , Hector Guimard and Victor Horta . Mackintosh 's furniture was relatively austere and geometrical , marked by elongated dimensions and right-angles . Continental designs were much more elaborate , often using curved shapes both in the basic shapes of the piece , and in applied decorative motifs . In many ways the old vocabulary and techniques of classic French 18th-century Rococo furniture were re-interpreted in a new style . Luxury veneers were used in the furniture of leading cabinetmakers Georges de Feure and others . Alphonse Mucha produced a few designs , but was little involved with production . The École de Nancy ( School of Nancy in France ) , the Wiener Werkstätte in Vienna and the Deutscher Werkbund were groupings including many designers of Art Nouveau furniture . The Exposition Universelle de Paris in 1900 was an important showcase for designers , and the Prima Esposizione Internazionale d'Arte Decorativa Moderna at Turin in 1902 heavily featured the work of furniture designer Carlo Bugatti of Milan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a00b486d8f9d6b3ab067aebf2687e35",
"text": "Gil Blas (periodical) Gil Blas ( or Le Gil Blas ) was a Parisian literary periodical named for Alain-René Lesage 's novel Gil Blas . It was founded by the sculptor Augustin-Alexandre Dumont in November 1879 . Gil Blas serialized famous novels such as Émile Zola 's Germinal ( 1884 ) and L'Œuvre ( 1885 ) before they appeared in book form . Guy de Maupassant regularly published short stories in Gil Blas . The journal was also known for its opinionated arts and theatre criticism . Contributors included René Blum , Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești , and Abel Hermant . Théophile Steinlen and Albert Guillaume provided illustrations . Gil Blas was published regularly until 1914 , when it went on a short hiatus due to the outbreak of World War I. Afterwards , it was published intermittently until 1938 . In addition to Germinal , Gil Blas serialized the Zola novels L'Argent , Au Bonheur des Dames , and La Joie de vivre . Guy de Maupassant stories which debuted in Gil Blas include '' À vendre , '' `` Imprudence , '' `` L'Inconnue , '' `` La Bête à Maît ' Belhomme , '' `` La Confidence , '' `` La Baptême , '' `` Tribunaux Rustiques '' and perhaps most famously `` Le Horla '' . Gil Blas critic Louis Vauxcelles 's phrase `` Donatello chez les fauves ! '' ( `` Donatello among the wild beasts '' ) brought notoriety and attention to the works of Henri Matisse and Les Fauves exhibited at the Salon d'Automne of 1905 . Vauxcelles ' comment was printed on 17 October 1905 and passed into popular usage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c2f5b0ddcdba4d2c827fa98b678e83c",
"text": "Aesthetics Aesthetics ( -LSB- ɛsˈθɛtɪks -RSB- or -LSB- i : sˈθɛtɪks -RSB- also spelled æsthetics and esthetics also known in Greek as Αισθητική , or `` Aisthētiké '' ) is a branch of philosophy that explores the nature of art , beauty , and taste , with the creation and appreciation of beauty . In its more technically epistemological perspective , it is defined as the study of subjective and sensori-emotional values , sometimes called judgements of sentiment and taste . More broadly , scholars in the field define aesthetics as `` critical reflection on art , culture and nature '' . In modern English , the term aesthetic can also refer to a set of principles underlying the works of a particular art movement or theory : one speaks , for example , of the Cubist aesthetic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "076b37b3f62cb6f284b92ca392de7470",
"text": "The Fortune Teller (de La Tour) The Fortune Teller is an oil painting of circa 1630 by the French artist Georges de La Tour . The work was uncovered in about 1960 and purchased that year by the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . François Georges Pariset described the painting in The Metropolitan Museum of Art Bulletin , attributing it to La Tour -- a likely choice given the calligraphic signature at top right : `` G. de La Tour Fecit Luneuilla Lothar '' ( `` G -LSB- eorges -RSB- de La Tour made this , Lunéville , Lorraine '' ) . Its authenticity has been questioned in the intervening years , notably by the English art historian Christopher Wright , but The Fortune Teller is generally accepted as La Tour 's work . The artist is better known for his chiaroscuro religious compositions , in which the figures are illuminated by a single light source and lack the elaborate costume detail of the The Fortune Teller 's characters . The painting catches a moment in which a young man of some wealth is having his fortune told by the old woman at right ; she takes the coin from his hand , not only in payment , but as part of the ritual in which she will cross his hand with it . Most or all of the women portrayed are gypsies , and , furthering the stereotype of the time , they are depicted as thieves . As the young man is engrossed in the fortune-telling -- an act which , if discovered , would have repercussions for both him and the gypsies -- the leftmost woman is stealing the coin purse from his pocket , while her companion in profile has a hand ready to receive the loot . The pale-faced girl on the boy 's left is less clearly a gypsy , but is also in on the act as she cuts a medal worn by the boy from its chain . The figures in the painting are close together , as if in a play , and the composition may have been influenced by a theatrical scene . The modern discovery of the painting is said to be traced to a French prisoner of war who viewed La Tour 's works in a monograph and found a likeness with a painting hung in a relative 's castle . A knowledgeable priest identified it as a La Tour work and informed the Louvre , which entered negotiations to buy the painting . The art dealer Georges Wildenstein outbid the museum , however , purchasing the painting in 1949 for 7.5 million francs . For a decade it remained with the dealer , until in 1960 the Metropolitan Museum of Art paid an undisclosed but `` very high sum of money '' for The Fortune Teller . How the painting had been able to leave France became a matter of controversy in the French press , and the writer André Malraux , then French Minister of Culture , attempted to explain to the National Assembly why the work did not end up in the Louvre . It later emerged that the export licence was signed by the art historian Germain Bazin , who was head of old master paintings at the Louvre ; Wright speculates that he had sufficient doubt about the work not to want it for the Louvre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71a819959c88222ffb7e9a601f722297",
"text": "Vu (magazine) Vu , stylized as VU , was a weekly French pictorial magazine , created and directed by Lucien Vogel , which was published from March 21 , 1928 to May 29 , 1940 ; it ran for just over 600 issues . In 1931 , Vogel founded a companion magazine named Lu ( read ) , a survey of the foreign press translated into French ; this merged with Vu in March 1937 . Vu was the first large weekly to systematically feature photographs in essay form , and as such was an important precursor to , and proponent of , the magazine format of photojournalism ( which came to prominence a decade after its print run in magazines such as Life and Look ) . Although inspired in part by the German magazine Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung , VU featured a constructivist aesthetic and was innovative in its layouts , especially in its double-page spreads . Notable contributors included Cartier-Bresson , Man Ray , Brassaï , and André Kertész . It was particularly advanced in its use of picture essays . The magazine published special issues on the Soviet Union ( VU au pays des Soviets , November 18 , 1931 ) , Germany ( L'énigme allemande , 1932 ) , the ascent of technology ( Fin d'une civilisation , 1933 ) , China ( Interrogatoire de la Chine , 1934 ) , and Spain ( '' VU en Espagne , 1936 ) . A major retrospective was hosted by the Maison Européenne de la Photographie ( MEP ) in late 2006/early 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5301c7fd4b4f14b910da91903bf81aa",
"text": "Neo-romanticism The term neo-romanticism is used to cover a variety of movements in philosophy , literature , music , painting , and architecture , as well as social movements , that exist after and incorporate elements from the era of Romanticism . It has been used with reference to late-19th-century composers such as Richard Wagner particularly by Carl Dahlhaus who describes his music as `` a late flowering of romanticism in a positivist age '' . He regards it as synonymous with `` the age of Wagner '' , from about 1850 until 1890 -- the start of the era of modernism , whose leading early representatives were Richard Strauss and Gustav Mahler . It has been applied to writers , painters , and composers who rejected , abandoned , or opposed realism , naturalism , or avant-garde modernism at various points in time from about 1840 down to the present .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef1d3a98c81d39e94e9dc68e77c61b59",
"text": "Genre Genre ( -LSB- ˈʒɒ̃rə -RSB- , -LSB- ˈʒɒnrə -RSB- or -LSB- ˈdʒɒnrə -RSB- from French genre -LSB- ʒɑ̃ʁ -RSB- , `` kind '' or `` sort '' , from Latin genus ( stem gener - ) , Greek γένος , génos ) is any form or type of communication in any mode ( written , spoken , digital , artistic , etc. ) with socially-agreed upon conventions developed over time . Genre is most popularly known as a category of literature , music , or other forms of art or entertainment , whether written or spoken , audio or visual , based on some set of stylistic criteria , yet genres can be aesthetic , rhetorical , communicative , or functional . Genres form by conventions that change over time as new genres are invented and the use of old ones is discontinued . Often , works fit into multiple genres by way of borrowing and recombining these conventions . Stand alone texts , works , or pieces of communication may have individual styles , but genres are amalgams of these texts based on agreed upon or socially inferred conventions . Some genres may be rigid with strictly adhered to guidelines while others may be very flexible . Genre began as an absolute classification system for ancient Greek literature . Poetry , prose , and performance each had a specific and calculated style that related to the theme of the story . Speech patterns for comedy would not be appropriate for tragedy , and even actors were restricted to their genre under the assumption that a type of person could tell one type of story best . In later periods genres proliferated and developed in response to changes in audiences and creators . Genre became a dynamic tool to help the public make sense out of unpredictable art . Because art is often a response to a social state , in that people write/paint/sing / dance about what they know about , the use of genre as a tool must be able to adapt to changing meanings . Genre suffers from the same ills of any classification system . Genre is to be reassessed and scrutinized and to weigh works on their unique merit . It has been suggested that genres resonate with people because of the familiarity , the shorthand communication , as well as the tendency of genres to shift with public mores and to reflect the zeitgeist . While the genre of storytelling has been relegated as lesser form of art because of the heavily borrowed nature of the conventions , admiration has grown . Proponents argue that the genius of an effective genre piece is in the variation , recombination , and evolution of the codes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de",
"text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba7fcee899c32055c1d778d1ce3a0506",
"text": "Impressionism in music Impressionism in music was a movement among various composers in Western classical music , mainly during the late 19th and early 20th centuries , whose music focuses on suggestion and atmosphere , `` conveying the moods and emotions aroused by the subject rather than a detailed tone‐picture '' . `` Impressionism '' is a philosophical and aesthetic term borrowed from late 19th century French painting after Monet 's Impression , Sunrise . Composers were labeled impressionists by analogy to the impressionist painters who use starkly contrasting colors , effect of light on an object blurry foreground and background , flattening perspective to make us focus our attention on the overall impression . The most prominent in musical impressionism is the use of `` color '' , or in musical term , timbre , which can be achieved through orchestration , harmonic usage , texture , etc. . Other elements of music impressionism also involve new chord combinations , ambiguous tonality , extended harmonies , use of modes and exotic scales , parallel motions , extra-musicality , and evocative titles such as Reflets dans l'eau ( Reflections on the water , 1905 ) , Brouillards ( Mists , 1913 ) etc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fe2b9fe2bb420a2db234d54100ca8f4",
"text": "Cuban art Cuban art is an exceptionally diverse cultural blend of African , South American , European and North American elements , reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the island . Cuban artists embraced European modernism , and the early part of the 20th century saw a growth in Cuban vanguardist movements , which were characterized by the mixing of modern artistic genres . Some of the more celebrated 20th-century Cuban artists include Amelia Peláez ( 1896 -- 1968 ) , best known for a series of mural projects , and painter Wifredo Lam ( Dec 8,1902 -- September 11 , 1982 ) , who created a highly personal version of modern primitivism . The Cuban born painter Federico Beltran Masses ( 1885-1949 ) , was renowned as a colourist whose seductive portrayals of women sometimes made overt references to the tropical settings of his childhood . Better known internationally is the work of photographer Alberto Korda , whose photographs following the early days of the Cuban Revolution included a picture of Che Guevara which was to become one of the most recognizable images of the 20th century . There is a flourishing street art movement influenced by Latin American artists José Guadalupe Posada and the muralist Diego Rivera . After the Cuban Revolution of 1959 , some artists felt it was in their best interests to leave Cuba and produce their art , while others stayed behind , either happy or merely content to be creating art in Cuba , which was sponsored by the government . Because it was state sponsored , an implied censorship occurred , since artists would n't want to make art that was against the revolutionary movement as that was the source of their funding . It was during the 1980s in which art began to reflect true uninfluenced expression . The `` rebirth '' of expression in Cuban art was greatly affected by the emergence of a new generation of Cuban , which did not remember the revolution directly . In 1981 Cubans saw the introduction of `` Volumen Uno '' , a series of one man exhibitions featuring contemporary Cuban artists . Three years later , the introduction of the `` Havana Bienal '' assisted in the further progression of the liberation of art and free speech therein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03f3c91aeb340663a8a0ebfe2b765dab",
"text": "Chivalric romance As a literary genre of high culture , romance or chivalric romance is a type of prose and verse narrative that was popular in the aristocratic circles of High Medieval and Early Modern Europe . They were fantastic stories about marvel-filled adventures , often of a knight-errant portrayed as having heroic qualities , who goes on a quest , yet it is `` the emphasis on love and courtly manners distinguishes it from the chanson de geste and other kinds of epic , in which masculine military heroism predominates . '' Popular literature also drew on themes of romance , but with ironic , satiric or burlesque intent . Romances reworked legends , fairy tales , and history to suit the readers ' and hearers ' tastes , but by c. 1600 they were out of fashion , and Miguel de Cervantes famously burlesqued them in his novel Don Quixote . Still , the modern image of `` medieval '' is more influenced by the romance than by any other medieval genre , and the word medieval evokes knights , distressed damsels , dragons , and other romantic tropes . Originally , romance literature was written in Old French , Anglo-Norman , Occitan , and Provençal , and later in Portuguese , in Castilian , in English , in Italian ( particularly with the Sicilian poetry ) and German . During the early 13th century , romances were increasingly written as prose . In later romances , particularly those of French origin , there is a marked tendency to emphasize themes of courtly love , such as faithfulness in adversity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3535254c1e1b6409606645c5fd4b7ad3",
"text": "Life imitating art Anti-mimesis is a philosophical position that holds the direct opposite of Aristotelian mimesis . Its most notable proponent is Oscar Wilde , who opined in his 1889 essay The Decay of Lying that , `` Life imitates Art far more than Art imitates Life '' . In the essay , written as a Platonic dialogue , Wilde holds that anti-mimesis `` results not merely from Life 's imitative instinct , but from the fact that the self-conscious aim of Life is to find expression , and that Art offers it certain beautiful forms through which it may realise that energy . '' . What is found in life and nature is not what is really there , but is that which artists have taught people to find there , through art . As in an example posited by Wilde , although there has been fog in London for centuries , one notices the beauty and wonder of the fog because `` poets and painters have taught the loveliness of such effects ... They did not exist till Art had invented them . '' . McGrath places the antimimetic philosophy in a tradition of Irish writing , including Wilde and writers such as Synge and Joyce in a group that `` elevate blarney ( in the form of linguistic idealism ) to aesthetic and philosophical distinction '' , noting that Terry Eagleton observes an even longer tradition that stretches `` as far back in Irish thought as the ninth-century theology of John Scottus Eriugena '' and `` the fantastic hyperbole of the ancient sagas '' . Wilde 's antimimetic idealism , specifically , McGrath describes to be part of the late nineteenth century debate between Romanticism and Realism . Wilde 's antimimetic philosophy has also had influence on later Irish writers , including Brian Friel . Halliwell asserts that the idea that life imitates art derives from classical notions that can be traced as far back as the writings of Aristophanes of Byzantium , and does not negate mimesis but rather `` displace -LSB- s -RSB- its purpose onto the artlike fashioning of life itself '' . Halliwell draws a parallel between Wilde 's philosophy and Aristophanes ' famous question about the comedies written by Menander : `` O Menander and Life ! Which of you took the other as your model ? '' , noting , however , that Aristophanes was a precursor to Wilde , and not necessarily espousing the positions that Wilde was later to propound . In George Bernard Shaw 's preface to Three Plays he wrote , `` I have noticed that when a certain type of feature appears in painting and is admired as beautiful , it presently becomes common in nature ; so that the Beatrices and Francescas in the picture galleries of one generation come to life as the parlor-maids and waitresses of the next . '' He stated that he created the aristocratic characters in Cashel Byron 's Profession as unrealistically priggish even without his later understanding that `` the real world does not exist ... men and women are made by their own fancies in the image of the imaginary creatures in my youthful fictions , only much stupider . '' Shaw , however , disagreed with Wilde on some points . He considered most attempts by life to imitate art to be reprehensible , in part because the art that people generally chose to imitate was idealistic and romanticized . An example of life imitating art is that of singer/actress Miley Cyrus , whose role as the famous fictional popstar Hannah Montana in the Disney Channel sitcom of the same name gave rise to her own singing career . Hannah 's fictional popularity translated into a real-life fan-base for Cyrus as several singles credited to the character charted on the Billboard Hot 100 ( including `` The Best of Both Worlds '' , `` Life 's What You Make It '' , `` He Could Be the One '' , etc , though all of the songs were performed by Cyrus ) and when she embarked on her sold-out Best of Both Worlds Tour in 2007 , where she performed the first set of songs as Hannah Montana and the second set as herself . Cyrus ' song `` The Climb '' was the first song , credited to herself instead of the character , from an official Hannah Montana soundtrack album to become a hit single ( peaking at # 4 on the Billboard charts , making it her `` crossover song '' into mainstream pop , while Hoedown Throwdown ( off the same soundtrack album ) was her first Top 10 . Cyrus also performed several duets on the show while in-character as Hannah with real-life singers such as Sheryl Crow , David Archuleta , The Jonas Brothers , Iyaz and her real-life father Billy Ray Cyrus , as well as an unofficial duet with her real-life godmother country singer Dolly Parton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd97162f435354cc859afe5d663c2293",
"text": "Jan van Herwijnen Johannes Adrianus George van Herwijnen ( 4 November 1889 in Delft -- 12 April 1965 in Bergen ) was a Dutch painter . -LSB- f.e. . THE INSANITY DRAWINGS -RSB- `` To really see art you first must detach from it , that 's what it all about . A painting is like music , you should not view , you should listen . '' Van Herwijnen was born in Delft and grew up in the Jordaan ( Amsterdam ) . He was different from the rest of the family . At nine he went to the Rijksmuseum a tile table for copying , his master had given him a box of paints . Concerts and museums hold him up as he began his eleventh year to earn a living . When he was 21 he was clear : `` Suddenly I knew I could see '' . Then I gained consciousness only . Before that time I had looked into the world through the eyes of a child . But then I knew who I was and what to do . I started in the Rijksmuseum , because I knew the road . Every day I sat there and it was like I had always painted . '' He wants no classes , no academy . He represents himself by copying the old masters . In 1912 he goes to Paris without a penny . Half starved he comes back . He begins to draw people . Poor models of the street and blind and deaf . With the insanity life-size drawings from 1919 he established his name . He works hard on these drawings and identifies himself with his models , he is exhausted . The craziness with which he has handled this matter radiates from each drawing : heavy black lines and contours of a figure on a chair in an empty room . Van Herwijnen is now supported by many prominent figures , among which Prof. RN Roland Holst . He went to France with his family and lived from 1921 to 1923 in Collioure . The paintings of Collioure feature the clean lines of the drawings in which the paint is filled with lots of blue and purple . Then follows a gloomy period when his wife leaves him . Paintings reflect his depressive state and are very dark . When he goes to Florence , his work is lightened . `` The conquest of light '' in all newspapers and magazines celebrated with superlatives . `` Van Herwijnen in the front ranks of contemporary painters came . '' In the autumn of 1934 , he moved a house in the new studio complex on the Summer Dijkstraat . Van Herwijnen married again and moved to Bergen in 1945 . His work is still cheering `` A picture of joy - great development of a strong talent - refined spirituality - colored music - this country equaled by no other . '' Van Herwijnen is suspicious . His work is than heavier , sometimes lighter . A pattern of doubt in his entire oeuvre can be seen . In its lightest years he painted many flowers . He sometimes tries to explain : `` I paint the light . Not the physical light , a light that casts shadows . I paint the light in the shade . '' The special treatment of his paint and his brush was repeatedly emphasized . One critic in 1937 writes : `` Perhaps our most gifted painter of today , is usually attracted to very simple matters . Twenty years later , another note : `` There is never a dead spot , every square inch of a living painting , as if the light is gently shaking . '' Lunatics In 1919 the artist signed a series of life-size portraits of the insane from the Utrecht William Arntz Foundation . In his own life he would himself have to deal with mental breakdowns . Sometimes he went to the utmost of his ability . Shortly after World War II Van Herwijnen painted a series of portraits of dead . Colorful and light - powerful and sombre The born in Delft Van Herwijnen grew up as child in Amsterdam . He was a self-taught and developed in its own direction , without having to join an art group . He is sometimes conveniently classified in a group of artists ( the Bergen School ) , but that 's not right . The delusion , the insane The series is loosely inspired by the iconographic series `` The insane ' . After a psychological crisis , the self-taught artist Jan van Herwijnen ( 1889 -- 1965 ) had created drawings of psychiatric patients in the William Arntz Foundation in Utrecht . He quickly gets the interest from treating physicians and teachers of the medical faculty . The ` insanity drawings ' in 1920 are exhibited . Since 2005 the Museum of Modern Art Arnhem received a long term loan of this impressive series of drawings made with black chalk at life-size format . Seven The number seven , the seven paintings bear the idea of perfection in themselves as in Christianity God in seven days the earth . The classical education is related to the ideal of the seven liberal arts . Liberal arts is originally a classical European education concept , which at the founding of the first Dutch universities ( late 16th century ) was planned . This means that students need a broad training in the liberal arts course and then specialized in industries such as Law or Medicine . The seven deadly sins and virtues . Head Sin is a term primarily used in the Catholic Church . These are seven sins , each underlying many other sins . These are : pride , greed , lust , jealousy , intemperance , revenge and laziness . Besides the seven deadly sins that play a role in the Catholic tradition there is also a list of their counterparts , the seven virtues : wisdom , justice , temperance , courage , faith , hope and charity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ca35b00b8fc3c4195af06771ae4198b",
"text": "Victor Burgin: Objets Temporels Victor Burgin : Objets Temporels is an art historical publication in the series `` Métiers de l'Exposition , '' a collection in which one book is published per year by the Presses Universitaires de Rennes in cooperation with the Master 's programme in Critical and Curatorial Studies ( `` Métiers et Arts de l'Exposition , '' in French ) at the University of Rennes 2 -- Upper Brittany . The publication contains reproductions of video stills , an interview of Victor Burgin , and descriptive and analytical texts by Valérie Mavridorakis , Nathalie Boulouche , and David Perreau , professors and adjunct faculty of the University of Rennes 2 - Upper Brittany . Boulouche , Nathalie ; Mavridorakis , Valérie ; Perreau , David ( Eds . ) ( 2007 ) . `` Victor Burgin : Objets Temporels '' . Rennes : Presses Universitaires de Rennes . .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f72c75f0e430787122377a4ace928721",
"text": "Heinrich Gustav Hotho Heinrich Gustav Hotho ( Berlin , 1802 -- Berlin , December 25 , 1873 ) was a German historian of art and Right Hegelian . He is famous for being the compiler and editor of Hegel 's posthumous work Vorlesungen über die Ästhetik ( `` Lectures on Aesthetics '' ) . During boyhood he was affected for two years with blindness consequent on an attack of measles . But recovering his sight he studied so hard as to take his degree at Berlin in 1826 . A year of travel spent in visiting Paris , London and the Low Countries determined his vocation . He came home delighted with the treasures which he had seen , worked laboriously for a higher examination and passed as `` docent '' in aesthetics and art history . In 1829 he was made professor at the university of Berlin . In 1833 GF Waagen accepted him as assistant in the museum of the Prussian capital ; and in 1858 he was promoted to the directorship of the Berlin print-room . During a long and busy life , in which his time was divided between literature and official duties , Hotho 's ambition had always been to master the history of the schools of Germany and the Netherlands . Accordingly what he published was generally confined to those countries . In 1842-1843 he gave to the world his account of German and Flemish painting . From 1853 to 1858 he revised and published anew a part of this work , which he called `` The school of Hubert van Eyck , with his German precursors and contemporaries . '' His attempt later on to write a history of Christian painting overtasked his strength , and remained unfinished . Hotho is important in the history of aesthetics as having developed Hegel 's theories ; but he was deficient in knowledge of Italian painting . Category :1802 births Category :1873 deaths Category : German art historians Category : German male writers",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d626206a7253d291f4b0a8d18edd6a3",
"text": "Notre-Dame, une fin d'après-midi Notre-Dame , une fin d'après-midi ( `` A Glimpse of Notre-Dame in the Late Afternoon '' ) is a painting by Henri Matisse from 1902 . Its somber coloration is typical of Matisse 's works executed between the end of 1901 and the end of 1903 , a period of personal difficulties for the artist . This episode has been called Matisse 's Dark Period . Between 1896 and 1901 , Matisse 's painting had progressed from the subdued tones of his earliest works to an intense colorism that prefigured the Fauvism to come . In 1896 and 1897 he had traveled to Brittany , where the Australian painter John Peter Russell encouraged him to paint en plein air . Through Russell he met Camille Pissarro , whose influence was decisive in making a colorist of Matisse . In 1898 he traveled to London , where he studied the works of J. M. W. Turner ; then , after a year spent in Corsica and Toulouse , he returned to Paris , where the startling boldness of his work was admired by other young artists . His paintings found few buyers , however , and his wife , Amélie , had to open a dress shop to support their household . In May 1902 a major financial scandal , the Humbert Affair , unexpectedly ensnared Amélie 's family . Her mother was the Humbert family 's housekeeper , and both she and her husband became scapegoats in the scandal . As a result , Matisse was forced to spend much of his time during the next year dealing with lawyers and journalists . His studio was searched by detectives , and his wife 's family was menaced by angry mobs of fraud victims . According to art historian Hilary Spurling , `` their public exposure , followed by the arrest of his father-in-law , left Matisse as the sole breadwinner for an extended family of seven . This is why he switched to painting canvases that were at least potentially saleable '' . Inspired by Rodin and Barye , Matisse struggled to master volume in sculpture as well as in painting . He darkened his palette , with the results seen in the present work , and in such paintings as Carmelina ( 1903 , in the Museum of Fine Arts , Boston ) . The medium is oil on paper mounted on canvas and it measures 72.5 × 54.5 cm ( 28 1/2 × 21 1/2 in ) . The painting is in the Albright -- Knox Art Gallery , Buffalo , New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a2e75f9cc79959b986660666cc72c9",
"text": "Portrait of Louis Guillaume Portrait of Louis Guillaume is an oil on canvas portrait by Paul Cézanne painted c. 1882 . Guillaume was the son of friends of the artist and a friend of Cézanne 's son , Paul . Here he is portrayed in a highly sculpted manner with a near-expressionless , uncommunicative face , and an immobile , lifeless body . In form and complexity , the painting is ahead of its time . It contains many abstractions , mostly in its presentation of the head and body as simple , solid shapes , a technique later taken up and developed by Henri Matisse . The work 's low-key colours , mostly greys , whites and dark greens , achieve a sombre tone , echoed by the shy reserve on the boy 's face . While his skin is rendered with pearly white paint , giving the surface a lively sheen or glow , this contrasts with his black , severely cropped hair and dark clothes , while his eyes are only black hollows . Heavy-lidded , they are , according to art critic Meyer Schapiro , `` without spiritual light ... they belong to a world of shadow . '' One critic famously wrote that Cézanne painted the heads of friends as if they were apples , and that sense of cool detachment is evident in this work . Its formal qualities are reminiscent of a still-life or landscape , however while at first look there is evidence of the artist 's awareness of the `` abyss between human beings '' , there are signs of hope and connection in the delicately rendered tones of the cheeks , the ornament of the wall , the folds of the dress , and the cravat which echoes the verticals of the folds of the face and wall . The painting was purchased by Ambroise Vollard by 1906 . It was sold to a Florentine collector c 1907 before it was sold in 1927 to Chester Dale in New York . In 1963 Dale donated the work to the National Gallery of Art in Washington , D.C. where it is on permanent display .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "281ad9273c5fdedf6b01919646686394",
"text": "Hugo (film) Hugo is a 2011 historical adventure drama film directed and co-produced by Martin Scorsese and adapted for the screen by John Logan . Based on Brian Selznick 's book The Invention of Hugo Cabret , it is about a boy who lives alone in the Gare Montparnasse railway station in Paris in the 1930s . A co-production between Graham King 's GK Films and Johnny Depp 's Infinitum Nihil , the film stars Ben Kingsley , Sacha Baron Cohen , Asa Butterfield , Chloë Grace Moretz , Ray Winstone , Emily Mortimer , Jude Law , Helen McCrory , and Christopher Lee . Hugo is Scorsese 's first film shot in 3D , of which the filmmaker remarked : `` I found 3D to be really interesting , because the actors were more upfront emotionally . Their slightest move , their slightest intention is picked up much more precisely . '' The film was released in the United States on November 23 , 2011 . When it was released , Hugo received critical acclaim and received 11 Academy Award nominations ( including Best Picture ) , more than any other film that year , and won five awards : Best Cinematography , Best Art Direction , Best Sound Mixing , Best Sound Editing and Best Visual Effects . It was also nominated for eight BAFTAs , winning two , and was nominated for three Golden Globe awards , earning Scorsese his third Golden Globe Award for Best Director . The film grossed $ 185 million against a budget of $ 150 -- $ 170 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e62f39ecb828410044e750a8e14e0dd9",
"text": "Sylvie (novel) Sylvie ( 1853 ) is a novella by French Romanticist Gérard de Nerval . It was first published in the periodical La Revue des Deux Mondes in 1853 , and as a book in Les Filles du feu in 1854 , just a few months before Nerval killed himself in January 1855 . Sylvie is often considered to be Nerval 's prose masterpiece , and has been a favorite of Marcel Proust , André Breton , Joseph Cornell and Umberto Eco . Harold Bloom included it in The Western Canon ( 1994 ) . An idyll written in the form of a reminiscence , the story is about a hero 's love for three women , all of whom he loses ; a hymn to unattainable , unrequited love . The story begins when a paragraph in a newspaper plunges the narrator into his memories as a younger man . The perspective seems to shift back and forth between the past and present , so the reader is never entirely sure if the narrator is recounting past events from memory , or retelling current events as they happen . Critics have praised the writing for its lucid and lyrical style . The narrator , of noble status who has recently come into an inheritance , decides to leave Paris , where he is living a debauched life of theater and drink , and return to the love of his youth , a peasant girl named Sylvie who has classic features and brunette hair , a `` timeless ideal '' . She sews gloves for a living and ends up marrying another man more equal to her class . The narrator also loves a seductive actress in Paris named Aurelia , who has many suitors who tell her empty idylls of love , but none love her for who she really is , including the narrator , who sees her as a lovely illusion that fades in the daylight of reality . The narrator also loves Adrienne , of noble birth , tall with blonde hair , she is an `` ideal beauty '' , but she lives in a convent , and dies an early death . In the end , he loves all three but obtains none , seemingly for reasons both beyond and within his making . Sylvie has many features of Romanticism , including flowing descriptions of a beautiful but lost natural world , appreciation for the architecture and traditions of the Middle Ages , and Greek traditions . The use of color appears to be unique , with binary oppositions serving as a simplifying mechanism to make distant memories emerge more strikingly from the mist . The novel contains autobiographical elements . As in the story , Nerval often traveled to Germany and the east . Nerval had an unhappy love for a real actress , Jenny Colon . He had a female childhood friend named Adrienne , who he unhappily lost earlier in life . These unattainable and lost female figures are represented in the story , as well in his other works and real life , Nerval lost his mother at an early age . Guillaume Apollinaire relates ( in La Vie Anecdotique ) that while writing Sylvie , Nerval spent eight days in Chantilly solely to study a sunset that he needed for it . Julien Gracq wrote of Sylvie in 1966 : `` I know of no more enchanted narrative in our language '' ( `` Je ne connais aucun récit plus enchanté dans notre langue '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81e384be4245ac5343f0552f7bcb9139",
"text": "La valse La valse , poème chorégraphique pour orchestre ( a choreographic poem for orchestra ) , is a work written by Maurice Ravel between February 1919 and 1920 ; it was first performed on 12 December 1920 in Paris . It was conceived as a ballet but is now more often heard as a concert work . The work has been described as a tribute to the waltz , and the composer George Benjamin , in his analysis of La valse , summarized the ethos of the work : Whether or not it was intended as a metaphor for the predicament of European civilization in the aftermath of the Great War , its one-movement design plots the birth , decay and destruction of a musical genre : the waltz . Ravel himself , however , denied that it is a reflection of post-World War I Europe , saying : While some discover an attempt at parody , indeed caricature , others categorically see a tragic allusion in it -- the end of the Second Empire , the situation in Vienna after the war , etc. . . This dance may seem tragic , like any other emotion ... pushed to the extreme . But one should only see in it what the music expresses : an ascending progression of sonority , to which the stage comes along to add light and movement . He also commented , in 1922 , that `` It does n't have anything to do with the present situation in Vienna , and it also does n't have any symbolic meaning in that regard . In the course of La Valse , I did not envision a dance of death or a struggle between life and death . ( The year of the choreographic setting , 1855 , repudiates such an assumption . ) '' In his tribute to Ravel after the composer 's death in 1937 , Paul Landormy described the work as follows : ... the most unexpected of the compositions of Ravel , revealing to us heretofore unexpected depths of Romanticism , power , vigor , and rapture in this musician whose expression is usually limited to the manifestations of an essentially classical genius .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2d2b254a0fee92a5ed7b91418f047bbf | The Academy Awards were first presented at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in 1929. | [
{
"docid": "854c2a3acc7891cb2be21d6ef66fe96e",
"text": "Academy Awards The Academy Awards , now known officially as the Oscars , is a set of twenty-four awards for artistic and technical merit in the American film industry , given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette , officially called the `` Academy Award of Merit '' , which has become commonly known by its nickname `` Oscar '' . The awards , first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel , are overseen by AMPAS . The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953 . It is now seen live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online . The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony . Its equivalents -- the Emmy Awards for television , the Tony Awards for theater , and the Grammy Awards for music and recording -- are modeled after the Academy Awards . The 89th Academy Awards ceremony , honoring the best films of 2016 , were held on February 26 , 2017 , at the Dolby Theatre , in Los Angeles , California . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC . A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5b91b87c40163c3e507f43714df57fc1",
"text": "Gordon E. Sawyer Award The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is an Honorary Award given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to `` an individual in the motion picture industry whose technological contributions have brought credit to the industry . '' The award is named in honour of Gordon E. Sawyer , the former Sound Director at Samuel Goldwyn Studio and three-time Academy Award winner who claimed that a listing of past Academy Awards , arranged both chronologically and by category , represents a history of the development of motion pictures . It was first presented at the 54th Academy Awards , in April 1982 . The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is voted upon and given by the Scientific and Technical Awards Committee of the Academy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4be91c2e691f79c6cc4b172cb613ced9",
"text": "2001 Radio Disney Music Awards The 2001 Radio Disney Music Awards were held on December 23 , 2001 , at the Radio Disney , studios . It was the first edition of the award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d3f56123540da179ece607c09c505eb",
"text": "48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . ) Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 . French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation . At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 . Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c865b086a3607815cdb07fde783c4e06",
"text": "Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged . First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music . The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f6824ea1eab85c21438c65f7b681406",
"text": "List of film awards This is a list of groups , organizations and festivals that recognize achievements in cinema , usually by awarding various prizes . The awards sometimes also have popular unofficial names ( such as the ` Oscar ' for Hollywood 's Academy Awards ) , which are mentioned if applicable . Many awards are simply identified by the name of the group presenting the award . Awards have been divided into four major categories : Critics ' Awards , voted on ( usually annually ) by a group of critics ; Festival Awards , awards presented to the best film shown in a particular film festival ; Industry Awards , which are selected by professionals working in some branch of the movie industry ; and Audience Awards , which are voted by the general public .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97e69b12cafe8bac808c75e5d636fa5b",
"text": "Golden Raspberry Awards The Golden Raspberry Awards ( often shortened to Razzies and Razzie Awards ) is an award in recognition of the worst in film . Co-founded by UCLA film graduates and film-industry veterans , John J. B. Wilson and Mo Murphy , the annual Razzie Awards ceremony in Los Angeles precedes the corresponding Academy Awards ceremony by one day . The term raspberry in the name is used in its irreverent sense , as in `` blowing a raspberry '' . The awards themselves are in the form of a `` golf ball-sized raspberry '' which sits atop a Super 8 mm film reel , the whole of which is spray painted gold . The first Golden Raspberry Awards ceremony was held on March 31 , 1981 , at John J. B. Wilson 's living-room alcove in Los Angeles , to honor the worst in film of the 1980 film season . The 37th ceremony was held on February 25 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6303cb637b14b87b9614f3808ff94eef",
"text": "30th Young Artist Awards The 30th Young Artist Awards ceremony , presented by the Young Artist Association , honored excellence of young performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television and theater for the 2008 season , and took place on March 29 , 2009 at Universal Studios ' Globe Theatre in Universal City , California . Special guest performers for the ceremony that year included Russian musical artists , `` Street Magic '' and Las Vegas father and son acrobat team , `` The Kalinins . '' Established in 1978 by long-standing Hollywood Foreign Press Association member Maureen Dragone , the Young Artist Association was the first organization to establish an awards ceremony specifically set to recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8908a8221a1075a32424cbdb2af71b06",
"text": "4th Independent Spirit Awards The 1988 Independent Spirit Awards , honoring the best in independent filmmaking for 1988 , were announced on March 25 , 1989 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel in Los Angeles . It was hosted by Buck Henry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b0ec3c23e0a81251c81ed1135a1b203",
"text": "Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study The Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study is one of three Los Angeles-area facilities of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences , located at 1313 Vine Street in central Hollywood . The Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study was named in honor of legendary silent film actress Mary Pickford in 2002 . Pickford was one of the founding members of the Academy . In addition to the 286-seat Linwood Dunn Theater where numerous public events are presented throughout the year , the building houses several Academy departments , including the Academy Film Archive , the Science and Technology Council , and the Grants and Nicholl Fellowship programs . The building , originally dedicated on August 18 , 1948 , is the oldest surviving structure in Hollywood that was designed specifically with television in mind .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310",
"text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f883d310b40b902422f5b8bc1fa203b",
"text": "Academy Film Archive The Academy Film Archive is part of the Academy Foundation , established in 1944 with the purpose of organizing and overseeing the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ' educational and cultural activities , including the preservation of motion picture history . Although the current incarnation of the Academy Film Archive began in 1991 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences acquired its first film in 1929 . Located in Hollywood , California at the Pickford Center for Motion Picture Study , the Archive has a diverse range of moving image material . The Archive 's collection comprises 85,000 titles and 190,000 separate items , including early American cinema , a vast collection of documentary films , filmed and taped interviews , amateur and private home movies of Hollywood legends , makeup and sound test reels , and a wide selection of experimental film , as well as Academy Award-winning films , Academy Award-nominated films , and a complete collection of every Academy Awards show since 1949 . Since acquiring the Packard Humanities Institute Collection , the Archive has the world 's largest known trailer collection . The Archive is also concerned with the preservation and restoration of films , as well as new technologies and methods of preservation , restoring over 800 titles of historical and artistic importance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44",
"text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8aaa57567f7fc5a40d227aee24fd4d37",
"text": "7th Golden Raspberry Awards The 7th Golden Raspberry Awards were held on March 29 , 1987 , at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel to recognize the worst the movie industry had to offer in 1986 . For the first time , the Razzies had a tie for Worst Picture , between Howard the Duck and Under the Cherry Moon . Recipients are denoted in bold :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5ce31a512f37b464def6452624d784e",
"text": "Hollywood Hotel The Hollywood Hotel was a famous hotel , society venue of early Hollywood , and landmark , formerly located at 6811 Hollywood Boulevard , on the north side , extending from Highland Avenue to Orchid Avenue , in central Hollywood , Los Angeles , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f805305fb01cc4ee04e4ead0562090e",
"text": "1956 Academy Awards 1956 Academy Awards may refer to : 28th Academy Awards , the Academy Awards ceremony that took place in 1956 29th Academy Awards , the 1957 ceremony honoring the best in film for 1956",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54d635dbd4c08cff0af23aa812352187",
"text": "The Love Parade The Love Parade is a 1929 American Pre-Code musical comedy film about the marital difficulties of Queen Louise of Sylvania ( Jeanette MacDonald ) and her consort , Count Alfred Renard ( Maurice Chevalier ) . Despite his love for Louise and his promise to be an obedient husband , Count Alfred finds his role as a figurehead unbearable . The film was directed by Ernst Lubitsch from a screenplay by Guy Bolton and Ernest Vajda , adapted from the French play Le Prince Consort , written by Jules Chancel and Leon Xanrof ; which had previously been adapted for Broadway in 1905 by William Boosey and Cosmo Gordon Lennox . The Love Parade is notable for being both the film debut of Jeanette MacDonald and the first `` talkie '' film made by Ernst Lubitsch . It was also released in a French-language version called Parade d'amour . Chevalier had thought that he would never be capable of acting as a Royal courtier , and had to be persuaded by Lubitsch . This huge box-office hit appeared just after the Wall Street crash , and did much to save the fortunes of Paramount .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd6c96a25612f149b770d1631321153c",
"text": "Egyptian Theatre Egyptian-style theatres are based on the traditional and historic design elements of Ancient Egypt . The first Egyptian Theatre to be constructed in the US -- which inspired many of the identically-named theatres that followed it -- was Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre in Hollywood , California . For several years , Hollywood developer Charles E. Toberman attempted to convince Sid Grauman to locate in Hollywood . During a meeting , Sid told Mr. Toberman of his desire to build a theatre of Egyptian design . Mr. Toberman then secured a piece of property on Hollywood Boulevard , just east of McCadden Place . The architectural firm of Meyer & Holler were hired to design the theatre . The result was Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre with a seating of 1770 . The approach to the theatre was through a courtyard . Inside , the stage was flanked by carved columns and models of the Sphinx . The theatre was opened on October 19 , 1922 with the grand premiere of `` Robin Hood '' starring Douglas Fairbanks . `` In a 1983 article in Hollywood Studio Magazine , Mike Hughes wrote of the Egyptian : `` A survivor of the decay that unfortunately characterizes the Hollywood Boulevard of today , the Egyptian is a reminder of the glamour that once made the Boulevard famous . Perhaps through the dedicated efforts of such citizens as Bruce Torrence , author of Hollywood : The First 100 Years and grandson of Mr. Charles Toberman , who built the Egyptian , the Hollywood Boulevard of yesteryear will reappear some great day in the future . When that happens , the Egyptian Theatre , jewel that it is , will be there to herald in the new age of film town . '' '' United Artists was the last owner of the Egyptian Theatre before it closed in 1992 . The American Cinematheque purchased the theatre from the city for $ 1 with the provision that this historical landmark would be restored to its original grandeur and re-opened as a movie theatre showcasing the organizations celebrated , public programming . '' The Eldorado Theatre located in Eldorado Amusement Park , Weehawken , New Jersey opened in 1891 and featured ` Egypt Through Centuries ' each evening . The creators of the park , Palisades Amusement and Exhibition Company , published a book titled `` Egypt Through the Centuries '' in 1892 . Many of the other theatres that copied Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre were part of the wave of Egyptian revival architecture that occurred after the November 1922 discovery of King Tut 's tomb by Howard Carter . Unlike the many theatres that followed in its wake , Grauman 's Egyptian Theatre was designed , built , named and opened before the 1922 discovery of King Tut 's tomb . The news of the tomb 's discovery reached the US a few weeks after the theatre opened . Early in the 20th century , it is estimated that up to 100 of these theatre types were constructed across the US . Many of them no longer exist , but there are many fine examples of this style still in use today . Conrad Schmitt Studios has played a big part in the restoration of these atmospheric theatres , including Egyptian Theatres in Park City , Utah , Ogden , Utah , Boise , Idaho , Delta , Colorado , and DeKalb , Illinois .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb2600832a8a97147111f4517a8fb164",
"text": "8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' . The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later . Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor . This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1614f1400abc723a4153217675a12a8d",
"text": "Samuel Goldwyn Theater The Samuel Goldwyn Theatre is a screening-only movie theater named after filmmaker Samuel Goldwyn . It is located at 8949 Wilshire Boulevard , Beverly Hills , California , at headquarters of The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) . The Academy uses this theater each January most years to announce the nominations for its Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7e704283bbdc67664f07a0c523d88c32 | Steve Buscemi was in the cast of Miller's Crossing. | [
{
"docid": "853c8d54c1e71e379e931d586afe31dc",
"text": "Steve Buscemi Steven Vincent Buscemi ( -LSB- buːˈsɛmi -RSB- born December 13 , 1957 ) is an American actor and film director . Buscemi has starred and supported in successful Hollywood and indie films , including Parting Glances , New York Stories , Mystery Train , Reservoir Dogs , Desperado , Con Air , Armageddon , The Grey Zone , Ghost World , Big Fish , and The Sopranos . He is also known for his appearances in many films by the Coen brothers : Miller 's Crossing , Barton Fink , The Hudsucker Proxy , Fargo , and The Big Lebowski . Buscemi provides the voice of Randall Boggs in the Monsters , Inc. franchise . From 2010 to 2014 , he portrayed Enoch `` Nucky '' Thompson in the critically acclaimed series Boardwalk Empire , which earned him two Screen Actors Guild Awards , a Golden Globe , and two nominations for an Emmy Award . He made his directorial debut in 1996 , with Trees Lounge , in which he also starred . Other works include Animal Factory ( 2000 ) , Lonesome Jim ( 2005 ) and Interview ( 2007 ) . He has also directed numerous episodes of TV shows , including Homicide : Life on the Street , The Sopranos , Oz , 30 Rock , and Nurse Jackie . He currently hosts the Emmy Award-winning AOL On comedy talk-show Park Bench .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2715cb82bab0f0bfd6f790aeb44c1f91",
"text": "Tom McTigue Thomas `` Tom '' McTigue ( born 1959 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is best known for playing Harvey Miller on the 1990s television series Baywatch . He made guest appearances on numerous television programs : Beverly Hills , 90210 in 1991 as Jack and on Roseanne in 1994 as a doctor . He has also appeared in several films and hundreds of commercials . He has a minor part as a teacher in the 2014 film Boyhood .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da44d48bbbfa661435a57e7d5c2f19bd",
"text": "Washington Crossing Washington Crossing may refer to : Places : Washington 's Crossing , the location in both New Jersey and Pennsylvania , a U.S. National Historic Landmark Washington Crossing State Park , Titusville , New Jersey Washington Crossing , New Jersey Washington Crossing , Pennsylvania Washington Crossing Historic Park , Pennsylvania Washington Crossing Bridge A historical event : Washington 's crossing of the Delaware River , a famous American Revolutionary War event that took place on the night of December 25 -- 26 , 1776 Art and literature about the event : Washington Crossing the Delaware , a painting commemorating the crossing Washington Crossing the Delaware ( sonnet ) , a sonnet by David Schulman about the scene in the painting Washington 's Crossing ( book ) , a book by David Hackett Fischer The Crossing ( 2000 film ) , an A&E television movie starring Jeff Daniels as George Washington",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e17de544f0e8546201e5b841f4bc2c1",
"text": "Next Stop, Greenwich Village Next Stop , Greenwich Village is a 1976 drama film , set in the early 1950s , written and directed by Paul Mazursky , featuring , amongst others , Lenny Baker , Shelley Winters , Ellen Greene , Lois Smith , and Christopher Walken . The film was generally well received by critics . Film review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film a `` fresh '' score of 80 % based on 10 reviews . Filmmaker Mazursky had made his acting debut in Stanley Kubrick 's 1953 film Fear and Desire ( shot in New York ) and Next Stop , Greenwich Village is a semiautobiographical account of Mazursky 's early life as an actor in that city . The film was entered into the 1976 Cannes Film Festival . This film is also notable for being Bill Murray 's first film , although Murray has but a few seconds of screen time and no lines . Jeff Goldblum and Christopher Walken ( credited as Chris Walken ) also appear for the first time in this film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef5e5cd417b2dacfd9af51deb8e16c94",
"text": "Tony Blundetto Anthony `` Tony '' Blundetto , played by Steve Buscemi , is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos . He is Tony Soprano 's cousin who is released from prison at the beginning of the show 's fifth season . Upon release , Tony Blundetto begins to pursue a straight , non-criminal life . However , he is eventually overpowered by the challenges of civilian life and turns back to crime , dragging the DiMeo Crime Family into the Lupertazzi Crime Family 's power struggle . For his work in season 5 , Buscemi received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa30740cfcd6348cffa3da8d557b6682",
"text": "Getting In Getting In , also known as Student Body , is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Doug Liman starring Andrew McCarthy and Stephen Mailer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf6634d439517b825157af395565afe4",
"text": "Officer Down Officer Down is a 2013 American action thriller film , directed by Brian A. Miller .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1a6718025ad55ffc029fb444a7c55b4",
"text": "Steve Guttenberg Steven Robert `` Steve '' Guttenberg ( born August 24 , 1958 ) is an American actor , author , businessman , producer , and director . He starred in 1984 's Police Academy , and went on to perform in lead roles in Hollywood films of the 1980s , including Cocoon , Three Men and a Baby , and Short Circuit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "836c1dc39aa2d1307788fe99afaa564b",
"text": "Michael Wiseman Michael Wiseman ( born April 12 , 1967 ) is an American television and film actor . He is best known for his portrayal of Johnny Rizzo in the 2012 CBS series Vegas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c745e2edb058bed3320e9ba762301c7",
"text": "Roger Miller Roger Dean Miller , Sr. ( January 2 , 1936 -- October 25 , 1992 ) was an American singer-songwriter , musician , and actor , best known for his honky-tonk-influenced novelty songs . His most recognized tunes included the chart-topping country/pop hits `` King of the Road '' , `` Dang Me '' , and `` England Swings '' , all from the mid-1960s Nashville sound era . After growing up in Oklahoma and serving in the United States Army , Miller began his musical career as a songwriter in the late 1950s , penning such hits as `` Billy Bayou '' and `` Home '' for Jim Reeves and `` Invitation to the Blues '' for Ray Price . He later began a recording career and reached the peak of his fame in the mid-1960s , continuing to record and tour into the 1990s , charting his final top 20 country hit `` Old Friends '' with Willie Nelson in 1982 . He also wrote and performed several of the songs for the 1973 Disney animated film Robin Hood . Later in his life , he wrote the music and lyrics for the 1985 Tony-award winning Broadway musical Big River , in which he acted . Miller died from lung cancer in 1992 , and was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame three years later . His songs continued to be recorded by younger artists , with covers of `` Tall , Tall Trees '' by Alan Jackson and `` Husbands and Wives '' by Brooks & Dunn , each reaching the number one spot on country charts in the 1990s . The Roger Miller Museum in his home town of Erick , Oklahoma , is a tribute to Miller .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "abc8cf678972c2229a70d463da39f3cc",
"text": "Sonny Miller Sonny Miller ( July 18 , 1960 - July 8 , 2014 ) was an American cinematographer and waterman specializing in surfing and nature photography . He achieved success filming surfing related dramas , In God 's Hands ( 1998 ) . Riding Giants ( 2004 ) , The Big Bounce ( 2004 ) , Lords of Dogtown ( 2005 ) , Blue Crush ( 2002 ) and Die Another Day . Miller experienced a heart attack and could not be revived just one week after the passing of his mother , Suzanne Gilliland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff1b3ef46fd370d719864961cdbcf113",
"text": "Jake Busey William Jacob `` Jake '' Busey ( born June 15 , 1971 ) is an American actor , musician and film producer . He is sometimes credited as Jacob Busey or William Busey . Busey was born in Los Angeles , and raised in Malibu , California , the son of photographer Judy Lynn Helkenberg , and actor Gary Busey . Busey spent his childhood on film sets and touring with bands in which his father played . He began considering his career choices at the age of five when he took up the two hobbies that grew into professions : acting and playing drums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f73947644104819d2a325afc9cc3d950",
"text": "Kiss Daddy Goodnight Kiss Daddy Goodnight is a 1987 American neo-noir psychological thriller film directed by Peter Ily Huemer . It stars Uma Thurman in her film debut , and Steve Buscemi in a small role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "458fd86004a5255d5bf3b50abe409bf0",
"text": "Taylor Miller Taylor Miller ( born August 18 , 1953 ) is an American soap opera actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e81c1e5654c102c2c52e3f2949c6a3df",
"text": "New Year's Day (1989 film) New Year 's Day is a 1989 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Henry Jaglom . It was entered into the main competition at the 46th Venice International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4423bfd8bed66068fc3040ae8a1a651",
"text": "Adam Storke Adam J. Storke ( born August 18 , 1962 ) is an American actor who has starred in television and film . He is best known for playing Julia Roberts ' love interest in the 1988 hit film Mystic Pizza and as Larry Underwood in the 1994 hit Stephen King mini series The Stand .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b33cf3bfdbde0c139ada1356c0c91b1",
"text": "Sin City (film) Sin City ( also known as Frank Miller 's Sin City ) is a 2005 American neo-noir crime anthology film written , produced , and directed by Frank Miller and Robert Rodriguez . It is based on Miller 's graphic novel of the same name . Much of the film is based on the first , third and fourth books in Miller 's original comic series . The Hard Goodbye is about a man who embarks on a brutal rampage in search of his one-time sweetheart 's killer , killing anyone , even the police , that gets in his way of finding and killing her murderer . The Big Fat Kill focuses on an everyman getting caught in a street war between a group of prostitutes and a group of mercenaries , the police and the mob . That Yellow Bastard follows an aging police officer who protects a young woman from a grotesquely disfigured serial killer . The intro and outro of the film are based on the short story `` The Customer is Always Right '' , which is collected in Booze , Broads & Bullets , the sixth book in the comic series . The film stars an ensemble cast led by Jessica Alba , Benicio del Toro , Brittany Murphy , Clive Owen , Mickey Rourke , Bruce Willis , and Elijah Wood , and featuring Alexis Bledel , Michael Clarke Duncan , Rosario Dawson , Carla Gugino , Rutger Hauer , Jaime King , Michael Madsen , and Nick Stahl , among others . Sin City opened to wide critical and commercial success , gathering particular recognition for the film 's unique color processing , which rendered most of the film in black and white but retained or added coloring for selected objects . The film was screened at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival in competition and won the Technical Grand Prize for the film 's `` visual shaping '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6520a1820c84afa526d24a21c5374fe9",
"text": "Nick G. Miller Nick G. Miller ( born January 18 , 1964 in Dayton , Ohio ) , also known as Nick Miller , is an American businessperson . His main interests are within the entertainment industry , the marine industry , and business education . Miller is an award-winning screenwriter , filmmaker , movie producer , movie director , television producer , actor , music producer , film composer , public speaker , and philanthropist . He has owned various companies within the marine industry and is a consultant and keynote speaker . His acting credits include The Last Marshal , The Librarians , Chronicles of an Exorcism , and Catch of a Lifetime . He has produced feature films and television shows such as Palmetto , The Unlikely 's , Catch of a Lifetime , E! Entertainment 's Wild On the Mark Cuban series Art Mann Presents , Talent Rock , and CBS Television 's The Music Cafe Presents ( co-produced with Greg Rike and Greg Rike Studios ) . In 2005 , Miller , along with producing partner Matthew Ashford did a test shoot for a screenplay they had written together in the horror film genre entitled Chronicles of an Exorcism . The film was originally shelved by Miller and his producers , but has since been released on DVD . In October 2008 the movie was one of the most watched horror movies of all time and was listed near the top 100 ( # 116 ) on the Internet Movie Database . Miller is currently post production on the movie Windwalkers and in pre production on a screenplay co-written with published author Timothy G. Grogan . In April 2014 , as executive producer , Miller 's romantic comedy , Catch of a Lifetime , directed by Ben Klopfenstein and written by Miller , Klopfenstein , and book author Connie Neumann , won the Audience Choice for Best Feature award at the Silver Springs International Film Festival . Miller consults and works with companies on forming strategic alliance business plans via product placement , co-branding and media exposure . He has been instrumental in negotiating and placing products in feature films and television shows including War of the Worlds , I , Robot , Fun with Dick and Jane , Scream 3 , Charlie 's Angels , CSI : Miami , 24 , Nash Bridges , V.I.P. , and JAG . Nick G. Miller produces and hosts sales and motivational training workshops across the globe . He has trained thousands of sales and service staff members from companies including FTD Flowers , Harley-Davidson , Featherlite Luxury Coaches , Bombardier , Platinum Coach Works , Northeast Marine Trade Association , Rio Roses , and many others . Miller is also a music producer , and in 2009 became vice president of Living Legends Music , a property which includes a syndicated radio show , streaming iTunes radio , a DVD series , and the CBS television series The Music Cafe Presents , all featuring interviews with musicians . Miller also produced and hosted the 2009 DVD documentary Orleans : Official History & Music for the 1970s and 1980s band Orleans . He comes from a musical family dating back to 1940 when his great uncle Douglas Dalton , played mandolin and guitar for The Whippoorwills , Roy Rogers , Sons of the Pioneers , and other bands and musicians . Today , Miller performs with Nick Miller & The Gathering , a group consisting of rotating legendary musicians playing their own number one hits . Miller 's companies have produced nightclub events , swimwear modeling competitions , and VIP parties for Corona Beer , Harley-Davidson , Loews Hotels , Gibson , Universal Studios Theme Parks , Six Flags Theme Parks and others . Miller has been part of the marine industry since 1986 . As vice president , Miller played an instrumental part in resurrecting Donzi Marine in 1993 . Miller and Donzi Marine manager Steve Simon formed `` Team Donzi '' and raced a Donzi 38 ZX in the American Power Boat Association circuit . The team won two APBA/UIM World Championships five APBA National Championships . Under the same ownership group , Miller organized a marketing campaign and formed strategic alliances with non-endemic companies helping Pro-Line Boats become the # 1 selling fiberglass fishing boats in the United States . During the mid-2000s Miller consulted and worked with the offshore racing champion , Reggie Fountain and his company Fountain Powerboats . In 2012 he became a partner and shareholder of Sak Marine , a Georgia based company that manufactured Caravelle Boats , Key Largo Boats , Interceptor Performance Boats , Clearwater Fishing Boats , and Sea Hawk Boats . Nick Miller was introduced to Burt Reynolds at his home in Florida . The lunch meeting resulted in Miller being offered acting roles in two of Reynolds ' films . Soon after he would meet the man who would become his mentor ; the late award-winning filmmaker John Daly , of which just some of his movies includes Platoon , The Terminator , The Falcon and the Snowman , Salvador , Full Metal Jacket , The Bodyguard , and The Legend of Zorro .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dc5bc855056b1f6a1beaed3ffdbedcd",
"text": "Summer Crossing Summer Crossing is Truman Capote 's first novel , written during the 1940s . Capote eventually cast it aside and it was thought to be lost for over 50 years , but was eventually published in 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c",
"text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "129fad3cdbb5fa7198ffbf8c572441e0",
"text": "Sam Miller Sam Miller is an English television director . He is best known for his work on the BBC television dramas Cardiac Arrest , This Life and Luther . He works with London-based production company Mustard Film Company . He is father of the actor William Miller , who played Oliver Twist in the 2007 television adaptation . In 2012 , he was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Directing for a Miniseries , Movie or a Dramatic Special for Luther .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
565d04d620ffe6617b3ee5f9ea32865e | Asteroid Day was co-founded by a filmmaker. | [
{
"docid": "ce738f3d3ead2b2d40c5388cd45b97d8",
"text": "Asteroid Day Asteroid Day ( also known as International Asteroid Day ) is an annual global event that aims to raise awareness about asteroids and what can be done to protect the Earth , its families , communities , and future generations . Asteroid Day is held on the anniversary of the June 30 , 1908 Siberian Tunguska event , the most harmful known asteroid-related event on Earth in recent history . The United Nations has proclaimed that Asteroid Day will be observed globally on June 30 every year in its resolution . It was co-founded by filmmaker Grigorij Richters , B612 Foundation COO Danica Remy , Apollo 9 astronaut Rusty Schweickart and Brian May , Queen guitarist and astrophysicist . Over 200 astronauts , scientists , technologists and artists , including Richard Dawkins , Bill Nye , Peter Gabriel , Jim Lovell , Apollo 11 Astronaut Michael Collins , Alexei Leonov , Bill Anders , Kip Thorne , Lord Martin Rees , Chris Hadfield , Rusty Schweickart and Brian Cox co-signed the Asteroid Day Declaration . Asteroid Day was officially launched on December 3 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a55640024457900988c3b2aa9012214",
"text": "The Dam Short Film Festival The Dam Short Film Festival is a film festival held annually in Boulder City , Nevada , typically in early February . Lee Lanier and Anita Lanier are the original co-founders of the festival . The festival is organized by the Dam Short Film Society , a non-profit 501 ( c ) 3 Nevada corporation . Past festival sponsors have included The Art Institutes , the Nevada Film Office , the Hacienda Hotel and Casino , and Cirque du Soleil . The Society receives annual grants from the National Endowment for the Arts via the Nevada Arts Council . Started in 2005 , the Dam Short Film Festival only screens films that run between 1 and 40 minutes . Generally , there are between 100 and 140 short films programmed each year . Although most of the festival shorts are submitted by student , independent , and other `` up-and-coming '' filmmakers , the stiff competition means many of the shorts have been produced involving film professionals . These have included Oscar-winner Louis Gossett Jr. in `` Window , '' Oscar-winner , Tom Hanks , William Shatner , and Michael York in `` Why Shakespeare ? '' , the late Bela Lugosi narrating an animation based on the Edgar Allan Poe classic `` The Tell-Tale Heart '' , Francesco Quinn in `` The Gnostic '' , and Robert Wagner and Lori Singer in `` Little Victim '' The short films are arranged into thematic programs , such as international drama , crime drama , dramedy , science-fiction , horror , comedy , avant-garde , underground , and animation . In addition to the regular screenings , the festival presents special showcases and retrospectives ; for example , the 2009 event featured a showcase dedicated to documentary filmmaker Jay Rosenblatt while 2008 included a program dedicated to animator Jim Blashfield The festival also presents parties , mixers , filmmaker panels , and Q&A sessions with attending filmmakers . In 2008 , the Festival moved to the historic 400-seat Boulder Theatre . The Theatre was built in 1931 and is currently owned by Desi Arnaz Jr. and his wife Amy . 2014 marked the 10th anniversary of the festival . At present , Lee Lanier serves as the Dam Short Film Society 's executive director while John LaBonney serves as festival director . The Society has a working board of directors that varies from 4 to 6 members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efcbcdb90d91c3bb0f7838f07ef6802c",
"text": "Rob Green (film director) Rob Green is a film director , producer , editor and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca2003098706488cbe11fae41b47d4c0",
"text": "Paul Drane Paul Drane is an Australian television producer-director . He was initially known as studio director of the Australian TV pop show Countdown from 1975 to 1977 . During this period , he directed several music videos ( promotional film clips ) made especially for Countdown , including the original clips for the AC/DC hits `` It 's a Long Way to the Top '' and `` Jailbreak '' . His innovative and award-winning Countdown video for Supernaut 's `` I Like It Both Ways '' gave viewers an early taste of visual effects in music videos . These were achieved without the benefit of ( yet to be invented ) high end CGI , but improvised with clever use of video feed-back by pointing the cameras at monitors to create wildly looping , distortion effects . With its blend of live action and 2D visual imagery , the award-winning video was an early glimpse of the rapid advances that lay ahead . In addition to the Countdown live performances , Drane independently produced and directed many Australian music videos during the 70s ( Skyhooks , John Paul Young , Cold Chisel , Little River Band , Marcia Hines ) and full concerts from local and international artists . In 1978 he produced and directed the independent music documentary , ` Australian Music to the World ' , based on the original radio series by Vince Lovegrove . Filmed worldwide , the program featured interviews and performances by artists including AC/DC ( live in Atlanta ) , Peter Allen , Helen Reddy and Little River Band . The following year Drane produced and directed the documentary special ` The Prophecies of Nostradamus ' for Australian television network Seven . Hosted by actor , John Waters , the program set a ratings record , with unprecedented reaction the following day , prompting the network to schedule a repeat run two weeks later . This program was sold to Warner Bros in the United States in 1980 . Repackaged for worldwide release , it was hosted by Orson Welles and titled ` The Man Who Saw Tomorrow ' . Throughout his lengthy career Paul Drane has maintained his passion for music , and in particular live music on television . This has given rise to classic televised concerts from artists including Split Enz , INXS , and Paul Kelly , and iconic musical moments such as Stevie Wright 's ` Evie ' at the Sydney Opera House . Since 2005 Drane has directed RocKwiz for SBS One and continues to make music videos and television content .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd",
"text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6937cce6db02daa55a0a920b5cc9a77b",
"text": "Indiana Asteroid Program The Indiana Asteroid Program was a photographic astronomical survey of asteroids during 1949 -- 1967 , at the U.S. Goethe Link Observatory near Brooklyn , Indiana . The program was initiated by Frank K. Edmondson of Indiana University using a 10-inch f/6 .5 Cooke triplet astrographic camera . Its objectives included recovering asteroids that were far from their predicted positions , making new orbital calculations or revising old ones , deriving magnitudes accurate to about 0.1 mag , and training students . When the observatory 's 36-inch ( 0.91-meter ) reflecting telescope proved unsuitable for searching for asteroids , postdoctoral fellow James Cuffey arranged the permanent loan of a 10-inch ( 25-centimeter ) lens from the University of Cincinnati . Mounted in a shed near the main observatory , the instrument using the borrowed lens was responsible for all of the program 's discoveries . By 1958 , the program had produced 3,500 photographic plates showing 12,000 asteroid images and had published about 2,000 accurate positions in the Minor Planet Circular . When the program ended in 1967 , it had discovered a total of 119 asteroids . The program 's highest numbered discovery , 30718 Records , made in 1955 , was not named until November 2007 . The program ended when the lights of the nearby city of Indianapolis became too bright to permit the long exposures required for the photographic plates . The program 's nearly 7,000 photographic plates are now archived at Lowell Observatory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14518a34e0d980737bdd8ac9dbeefc76",
"text": "Outpost 37 Outpost 37 ( also known as Alien Outpost ) is a 2014 science fiction action thriller film . The film follows a documentary crew sent to record the daily lives of the soldiers of Outpost 37 , 12 years after the initial alien invasion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6deae17873ad96b450e00d7497015b7",
"text": "Andrei Severny (filmmaker) Andrei Severny ( Russian : Андрей Северный ; born September 1 , 1977 ) is a contemporary filmmaker , screenwriter , photographer and visual artist . Severny 's films include Buried Seeds , Inside Risk : Shadows of Medellin , Gravitation : Variation in Time and Space , Condition , Teaching to See , Disparaît , v and Tom on Mars . Maintaining a strong and recognizable visual style he explores human perception , psychology , and neuroscience . His works operate on multiple levels engaging both intuition and intellect . His stories seamlessly integrate scientific analysis , reveal scholarly explanations or Severny 's vision of the future .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d29847a68a78249b3c46f93e826083a9",
"text": "Ben Shedd Ben Shedd is an American director , producer , and writer of film and video . He shared the 1978 Academy Award for Documentary Short Subject .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98cf7b52a3203410e98153e2c67f1669",
"text": "Auguste Charlois Auguste Honoré Charlois ( November 26 , 1864 -- March 26 , 1910 ) was a French astronomer who discovered 99 asteroids while working at the Nice Observatory in southeastern France . His first discovery was the asteroid 267 Tirza in 1887 . He photographed 433 Eros on the very night of its discovery by Gustav Witt , but was not able to act quickly enough before Witt announced his find . Although he started searching for asteroids in the era of visual detection , by 1891 Max Wolf had pioneered the use of astrophotography to drastically speed up the rate of detection of asteroids , and both Wolf and Charlois separately discovered far more asteroids than would have been feasible by visual detection . In 1899 , Charlois received the Prix Jules Janssen , the highest award of the Société astronomique de France , the French astronomical society , and was also awarded the Valz Prize by the French Academy of Sciences in 1889 for his work on calculating asteroid orbits . At the age of 46 , he was murdered by his brother-in-law ( the brother of his first wife ) , who held a grudge against him because he had remarried . The man was found guilty and given a life sentence of hard labor in New Caledonia . The asteroid 1510 Charlois , discovered by André Patry at Nice Observatory in 1939 , was named in his honour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ea3cc6152564d1dfb018734d8ef8a36",
"text": "Alex Kurtzman Alex Kurtzman ( born September 7 , 1973 ) is an American film and television writer , producer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65f134609da8bdb0d7bbe52586ebfd19",
"text": "2980 Cameron 2980 Cameron , provisionally designated , is a main-belt asteroid discovered by prolific American astronomer Schelte Bus at Siding Spring Observatory , Australia , on March 2 , 1981 . It orbits the Sun every 4.11 years at a distance of 2.1 -- 3.0 AU . The asteroid was named after astrophysicist and cosmogonist Alastair G. W. Cameron ( 1925 -- 2005 ) , who was associate director for theoretical astrophysics at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics . He was an early advocate of the concepts of a turbulent accretion disk solar nebula , and of the origin of the Moon by a giant impact on the proto-Earth . He also studied the nucleosynthesis in stars and supernovae , and the cosmic abundances of nuclides .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fd41f138125d7883fe2e9f8d2a361e1",
"text": "20,000 Days on Earth 20,000 Days on Earth is a 2014 British documentary musical drama film co-written and directed by Iain Forsyth and Jane Pollard . Nick Cave also co-wrote the script with Forsyth and Pollard . The film premiered in-competition in the World Cinema Documentary Competition at 2014 Sundance Film Festival on 20 January 2014 . It won two Awards at the festival . After its premiere at Sundance Film Festival , Drafthouse Films acquired distribution rights of the film . The film released on 17 September 2014 in United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643c953650d3571601a282d48b84149b",
"text": "Groundhog Day (film) Groundhog Day is a 1993 American fantasy-comedy film directed by Harold Ramis , starring Bill Murray , Andie MacDowell , and Chris Elliott . It was written by Ramis and Danny Rubin , based on a story by Rubin . Murray plays Phil Connors , an arrogant Pittsburgh TV weatherman who , during an assignment covering the annual Groundhog Day event in Punxsutawney , Pennsylvania , finds himself caught in a time loop , repeating the same day again and again . After indulging in hedonism and committing suicide numerous times , he begins to re-examine his life and priorities . On its release , Groundhog Day was a modest success and garnered generally positive reviews . It gained stronger appreciation among critics and film historians over time , and is now often listed among the best comedy films ever . It further entered into the public consciousness , where the term `` Groundhog Day '' can represent a situation that seems to repeat over and over in government and military arenas , as well as influencing other entertainment . In 2006 , the film was added to the United States National Film Registry as being deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . A stage musical version of the film premiered in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "564dd2dbbf2b5c8bdf10b5ebcf47cd16",
"text": "Allen Wolf Allen Wolf ( born October 29 , 1970 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , film producer , novelist , and board game creator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae46a57672310f5062cc7a157f47408b",
"text": "Gregory Scott Aldering Gregory Scott Aldering ( born 1962 ) , also known simply as Greg Aldering is an American astronomer , discoverer of minor planets and supernovae , currently with the University of California , Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory . As a high school student in Bridgeport , Michigan , he was an avid amateur astronomer and showed a particular aptitude for scientific studies in his studies of variable stars . Currently , his interests center on cosmology , including measurement of the cosmological parameters , the exploration of the nature of the `` dark energy '' and the large-scale distribution of matter in the universe . His current cosmological studies focus on the use of Type Ia supernovae as tools for determining the cosmological parameters , through his participation in the Supernova Cosmology Project . He is now the primary investigator of the Nearby Supernova Factory experiment , and is also a co-investigator on the Supernova/Acceleration Probe . While an undergraduate student at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology ( 1979 -- 1983 ) , he discovered four asteroids at Kitt Peak National Observatory ( 695 ) , as credited by the Minor Planet Center . He has so far classified some 266 supernovae , and is one of the co-discoverers of SN 2002bk . The minor main-belt asteroid 26533 Aldering was named in his honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45673670519361b57f78f77d5975c384",
"text": "Impact (miniseries) Impact is a 2009 Canadian action disaster miniseries directed by Mike Rohl , written by Michael Vickerman and distributed by Tandem Communications , starring David James Elliott , Natasha Henstridge , Benjamin Sadler , Steven Culp , James Cromwell and Florentine Lahme as the story shows about a meteor shower which eventually sends the moon on a collision course with Earth . The two-part ( Episodes were called Nights ) mini-series premiered February 14 and 15 , 2009 on the Canadian premium television channel Super Channel and was also shown on ABC on June 21 and 28 , 2009 and on Alpha TV on September 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "abc61cbf0df8b93a49da81051afa5183",
"text": "Ben Younger Ben Younger ( born October 7 , 1972 ) is an American screenwriter and film director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa06bf9fc7ba5619a3f0f67b83196f05",
"text": "Midwest Independent Film Festival The Midwest Independent Film Festival is the nation 's only film festival solely dedicated to the Midwest filmmaker . Only films from the eight-state Midwest region of Illinois , Indiana , Iowa , Michigan , Minnesota , Missouri , Ohio and Wisconsin are considered for screening . This film festival is also unique in that it is held throughout the year , presenting audiences with the finest independent films from the Midwest every first Tuesday of the month . The Midwest Independent Film Festival prides itself on showcasing emerging directors , powerful artistic visions , and strong cinematic stories . These exceptional films combine with an exciting social atmosphere and a state-of-the-art screening venue to create one of the premier festivals in the Midwest . The Midwest Independent Film Festival is hosted every first Tuesday of the month at Chicago 's Landmark Century Centre Cinema of Landmark Theatres . Sponsors include Resolution Digital Studios , Zacuto , Fletcher Chicago , Orbit Media Studios , O'Connor Casting , Flashpoint The Academy of Media Arts and Sciences , Zipcar , The Chicago Film Office , The Illinois Film Office , Zaroban Design , Crunch Fitness , Getty Images , Screen Magazine and Kodak . This festival is sometimes referred to as `` The Midwest Film Festival , '' `` The Midwest Indie , '' or simply `` The Midwest . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b378e7aa7af379a47b497bd82c5d191",
"text": "Giorgio Squarcia Giorgio Squarcia , also known as GJ Squarcia ( Rochester , September 2 , 1969 ) , is a filmmaker , writer , screenwriter , producer and investigative journalist . He is known for being the first director/producer to have introduced , with the tv series All in a Day , the docu-fiction genre in Italy when the new term docufiction appeared at the beginning of the 21st century .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
61acaf8080c5d2a4a2eece7f1a851e08 | Gregor Clegane is a fictional dog. | [
{
"docid": "f35fa659f62f77b33d9361cb7406cfc7",
"text": "Gregor Clegane Ser Gregor Clegane , nicknamed The Mountain , is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . He is a retainer to House Lannister . An enormous man , he is well known for his size , prowess in battle and cruelty . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Gregor is the older brother of Sandor Clegane , from the fictional kingdom of Westeros . He subsequently appeared in Martin 's A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and in A Dance with Dragons ( 2011 ) as Ser Robert Strong . Ser Gregor Clegane is a huge knight and the elder brother of Sandor Clegane . Called `` The Mountain That Rides '' , he is known for his incredibly cruel nature and uncontrollable temper . His size and strength make him a fearsome warrior , and he has earned a reputation for cruelty and brutality . He is able to wield a two-handed sword one handed . When they were children , Gregor shoved Sandor 's face into a brazier , gruesomely scarring him . Gregor Clegane is portrayed by Conan Stevens in season one , by Ian Whyte in season two , and by Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson in seasons four , five , and six in the HBO television adaptation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba",
"text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3203ce780e379137b107b209626a7b70",
"text": "Conan Stevens Mark `` Conan '' Stevens is an Australian actor , writer , stuntman and former professional wrestler . He is 213 cm ( 7 ' 0 '' ) tall . He is best known for his role as Gregor Clegane in the first season of HBO series Game of Thrones .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "10bba61ee9cd4e2bfacfa8eaf0455ba3",
"text": "Dog watch Dog watch , in marine or naval terminology , is a watch , a period of work duty or a work shift , between 16:00 and 20:00 ( 4 pm and 8 pm ) . This period is split into two , with the ` first ' dog watch from 16:00 to 18:00 ( 4 pm to 6 pm ) and the ` last ' dog watch from 18:00 to 20:00 ( 6 pm to 8 pm ) . Each of these watches is half the length of a standard watch . The last dog watch is also referred to as the second dog watch in some sources . For instance Jack London in The Sea Wolf , chapter 6 : '' ( rest ) I can steal near the end of the second dog watch '' . The Admiralty Manual of Seamanship from 1913 also refers to the first and second dog watches . The reason behind this watch 's existence is that , in order for the crew to rotate through all the watches , it was necessary to split one of the watches in half , to create an odd number of watches in a ship 's day . This allowed the sailors to stand different watches instead of one team being forced to stand the mid-watch every night . The choice of time also allows both watches , if there are only two , to eat an evening meal at about the traditional time . The Oxford English Dictionary states that the word ` dogwatch ' is a direct translation from either German or Dutch of a similar term . It originally referred to the night-watch on ships -- that is , the time when ( on land ) all but the dog were asleep . The name is also said to be derived from Sirius , the `` Dog Star '' , on the claim that Sirius was the first star that can be seen at night . An alternative folk etymology is that the name arose because someone tasked with one of these ` half ' watches was said to be ` dodging the watch ' , taking or standing the ` dodge watch ' . This became shortened to ` dog watch ' . Another variation is that those sleeping get only ` dog sleep ' in this watch . Stephen Maturin of Patrick O'Brian 's Aubrey-Maturin series retells the 19th century humourist Theodore Hook 's pun that the dog watch is so-named because it is `` cur-tailed '' ( `` curtailed '' , i.e. shortened ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4269a721f6747475909d5ba9bb2d6001",
"text": "Cris Cole Cris Cole is a British writer and producer , born in Wallingford , England . He grew up in London and attended Elliott Comprehensive School in Roehampton , London . After leaving school he worked as a professional guitarist for the next 15 years , playing in bands including Jimmy The Hoover , The Directions and The Hollywood Killers . Cole then turned to writing and wrote a pilot for Tiger Aspect / BBC , called Embassy , starring Robert Daws . Cole has multiple other TV credits , including episodes of Night and Day , Twisted Tales and The Bill , feature film credits , including Lovebite ( Ecosse Films , 2012 ) and Pelican Blood ( Ecosse Films , 2010 ) , as well as the TV movie The Good Times Are Killing Me ( Shaftersbury Films , 2009 ) . Cole is best known as the creator of the award-winning and the BAFTA nominated British TV series Mad Dogs , starring Marc Warren , Max Beesley , John Simm and Phil Glenister . He was the sole writer of all 14 episodes for the four UK seasons for Sky TV , produced by Left Bank Pictures . Cole was the executive producer and showrunner on the Mad Dogs U.S. television series made by Amazon Studios/Sony Pictures Television . The show was streamed on Amazon in the US , Germany and the UK . Sony sold Mad Dogs to 140 other territories . The series starred Ben Chaplin , Michael Imperioli , Romany Malco , Steve Zahn and Billy Zane . Producers of Amazon 's adaptation of Mad Dogs toyed with the idea of having the killer wear a Donald Trump mask . In the original British series , the killer wears a Tony Blair mask . `` We thought about who it could be and went through various machinations and various ideas we realized would get us into terrible trouble , '' original Brit series creator Cris Cole told TV critics this morning at TCA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d022e706ce9873424be0bb7d9bc5503",
"text": "The Gray Man (novel) The Gray Man is the debut novel by Mark Greaney , first published in 2009 by Jove Books . It is also the first novel to feature the Gray Man , freelance assassin and former CIA operative Court Gentry . The novel follows Gentry on a mission across Europe to rescue his handler , Sir Donald Fitzroy , and his family in Normandy , France from Lloyd , a member of a massive English corporation who wants Gentry terminated in order to shepherd a billion dollar deal for oil interests in Nigeria , where its president in turn wants Gentry dead for the assassination of his brother . The novel is the first in a series involving the fictional character The Gray Man . A movie adaptation is currently underway , with Christopher McQuarrie attached to direct .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11f62e08d13407622895804b88b642d5",
"text": "Scotch Collie The Scotch Collie is a landrace breed of dog which originated from the highland regions of Scotland . The breed consisted of both the long haired ( now known as Rough ) Collie and the short-haired ( now known as Smooth ) Collie . It is generally believed to have descended from a variety of ancient herding dogs , some dating back to the Roman occupation , which may have included Roman Cattle Dogs , Native Celtic Dogs and Viking Herding Spitzes . Other ancestors include the Gordon and Irish Setters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "067dc60578f16864382e211cb75ab7d5",
"text": "Inspector Wexford Chief Inspector Reginald `` Reg '' Wexford is a recurring character in a series of detective novels by English crime writer Ruth Rendell . He made his first appearance in the author 's 1964 debut From Doon With Death , and has since been the protagonist of 23 more books . In The Ruth Rendell Mysteries he was played by George Baker . In a 2013 interview , Rendell stated : Wexford is a Liberal Democrat though , and I am a Labour party member , in fact a Labour peer , so I am further to the left than him . Wexford is an intelligent , sensitive man . He has a placid wife , Dora , and two daughters , Sheila and Sylvia . He has a good relationship with Sheila ( his favourite ) but a difficult relationship with Sylvia ( who feels slighted though he has never actually intended to slight her ) . He also has a strong friendship with DI Mike Burden .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fa33a329dbd8508ffeaaca0939ea38b",
"text": "Cormac Fitzgeoffrey Cormac Fitzgeoffrey is a fictional character created by Robert E. Howard . He is a half-Norman , half-Gael taking part in the Third Crusade . Howard wrote two short stories featuring the character and a synopsis that was later completed by another author . Although Howard was most famous for his fantasy fiction , especially Conan the Barbarian , the Cormac stories have a purely historical setting , albeit one with a heroic theme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fa916fd21fbcb6249dc559b724e28ca",
"text": "Vulnerable Native Breeds thumb | right | There were only 37 Skye Terrier puppies registered with the Kennel Club in 2010 Vulnerable Native Breeds are a group of dog breeds originating in the United Kingdom and Ireland , and identified by The Kennel Club ( KC ) as having annual registration numbers of 300 puppies or fewer . The need for such a list was first identified in June 2003 , with research conducted by the KC to identify the extent of the vulnerability and viability of each breed . It was a joint project , with the KC working with the British and Irish Native Breeds Trust , later to be known simply as the Native Dog Breeds Trust . The breeds on the list have been promoted at events such as Discover Dogs and Crufts , and by asking that owners of these breeds mate their dogs rather than having them spayed . The majority of the list come from the Terrier Group , a group mostly derived from breeds with backgrounds in the British Isles . The most marked drop in popularity is that of the Sealyham Terrier which registered 1,084 breeds in 1938 , but by 2004 was registering only sixty dogs a year . In October 2011 , British magazine Country Life highlighted the breed on its front cover , with the heading `` SOS : Save our Sealyhams '' , and launched a campaign to save the breed . The Otterhound , popular during the time of Henry VIII , has numbers of less than a thousand world wide and is described by the British & Irish Dog Breeds Preservation Trust as `` twice as rare as the Giant Panda '' . The list was originally compiled in January 2006 , and included 28 breeds . Later in 2006 , the Miniature Bull Terrier was added . In 2007 , after consultation with the breed clubs involved , the Bloodhound , Gordon Setter and King Charles Spaniel were re-classed as `` Viable '' rather than vulnerable . The English Setter is the newest addition to the list , having been added for the first time in 2012 . However , during 2012 the number of English Setter puppies registered increased to 314 , so the breed was moved to the Kennel Club 's ` At Watch ' list , which is for breeds with registrations from 300-450 . Breeds on the ` At Watch ' list included in 2013 the English Setter , the Old English Sheepdog , the Irish Terrier , the Irish Wolfhound , the Welsh Springer Spaniel , the Pembroke Welsh Corgi , and the Welsh Terrier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "253104b3f1a98ce51194f820e463954d",
"text": "Mac Flecknoe Mac Flecknoe ( full title : Mac Flecknoe ; or , A satyr upon the True-Blew-Protestant Poet , T.S. ) is a verse mock-heroic satire written by John Dryden . It is a direct attack on Thomas Shadwell , another prominent poet of the time . It opens with the lines : All human things are subject to decay , And when fate summons , monarchs must obeyWritten about 1678 , but not published until 1682 ( see 1682 in poetry ) , `` Mac Flecknoe '' is the outcome of a series of disagreements between Thomas Shadwell and Dryden . Their quarrel blossomed from the following disagreements : `` 1 ) their different estimates of the genius of Ben Jonson , 2 ) the preference of Dryden for comedy of wit and repartee and of Shadwell , the chief disciple of Jonson , for humors comedy , 3 ) a sharp disagreement over the true purpose of comedy , 4 ) contention over the value of rhymed plays , and 5 ) plagiarism . '' Shadwell fancied himself heir to Ben Jonson and to the variety of comedy which the latter had commonly written . Shadwell 's poetry was certainly not of the same standard as Jonson 's , and it is possible that Dryden wearied of Shadwell 's argument that Dryden undervalued Jonson . Shadwell and Dryden were separated not only by literary grounds but also by political ones as Shadwell was a Whig , while Dryden was an outspoken supporter of the Stuart monarchy . The poem illustrates Shadwell as the heir to a kingdom of poetic dullness , represented by his association with Richard Flecknoe , an earlier poet already satirized by Andrew Marvell and disliked by Dryden , although the poet does not use belittling techniques to satirize him . Multiple allusions in the satire to 17th-century literary works , and to classic Greek and Roman literature , demonstrate Dryden 's complex approach and his mastery over the mock-heroic style . The poem begins in the tone of an epic masterpiece , presenting Shadwell 's defining characteristic as dullness , just as every epic hero has a defining characteristic : Odysseus 's is cunning ; Achilles 's is wrath ; the hero of Spenser 's The Faerie Queene is of holiness ; whilst Satan in Paradise Lost '' has the defining characteristic of pride . Thus , Dryden subverts the theme of the defining characteristic by giving Shadwell a negative characteristic as his only virtue . Dryden uses the mock-heroic through his use of the heightened language of the epic to treat the trivial subjects such as poorly written and largely dismissible poetry . The juxtaposition of the lofty style with unexpected nouns such as ` dullness ' provides an ironic contrast and makes the satiric point by the obvious disparity . In this , it works at the verbal level , with the language being carried by compelling rhythm and rhyme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b42c3d7bd7e40a27e759b88cd08ea61",
"text": "Song of the Gargoyle The Song of the Gargoyle is a 1991 book for young readers by Zilpha Keatley Snyder . Set in the middle ages , it tells the story of a young boy named Tymmon who lives with his father Komus , the court jester of Austerneve . When Komus is abducted by an anonymous man with a Black Helmet , thirteen-year-old Tymmon is able to escape Black Helmet and leaves the castle grounds to seek refuge in the Sombrous Forest , a forbidden place occupied by wolves and magical beings . Most wonderfully , Tymmon is adopted by a gargoyle named Troff -- a creature with the loyalty of a dog and the fearsome powers of an enchanted being . After a season surviving in the forest , Tymmon longs to rescue his father and to find a way to avenge him , as a knight would . But Tymmon is a commoner , and he burns with anger at his father , who threw away a noble heritage to become a lowly jester . Tymmon had to watch his childhood playmate turn away from him to become a squire and train for the knighthood Tymmon can never know . When Tymmon realizes that Troff can pose as a dog , he and Troff leave the forest together . As they travel , Tymmon sees the poverty and suffering of peasants ravaged by feudalistic greed . In the city he discovers that with his talent for music and joking , inherited from his father , he and Troff can make people happy . Beyond that , performing enables him to communicate with people from all walks of life . Of Song of the Gargolye , Zilpha Keatley Snyder says , `` High among the periods that inspired my childhood dreamscapes were the middle ages . Not a very specific or historic middle ages , actually , so much as a fantasy world peopled by beautiful princesses and -- most especially -- by noble knights . I especially liked the knights . No doubt due , at least in part , to the fact that they rode horses . ( I was also enamored of cowboys . ) However , when I grew older and less romantic , I began to look at my hardware-clad heroes from a more critical point of view . Knights , I discovered , were often a pretty cruel and bloodthirsty bunch , not to mention ignorant and superstitious ... So when I got around to setting a story in their time , I cast about for a hero or two with a better odor . And the result was Tymmon and his father , Komus . And Troff ? Just another tribute to the memory of various more-or-less miraculous four-legged friends . '' Category : American children 's novels Category :1991 American novels",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7d1e9fc893dadda0a0e2431f9c0105e",
"text": "Stinkfoot, a Comic Opera Stinkfoot , a Comic Opera is an English musical with book , music , and lyrics by Vivian Stanshall and Ki Longfellow-Stanshall written for the Crackpot Theatre Company aboard the Old Profanity Showboat in Bristol , England . The show is based on a series of tales written by Longfellow about Stinkfoot , a New York City alley cat , a bit of a rogue and more than a bit of a rake . It had been intended for children , but when told by a New York City literary agent that `` No mother in America would want her child identifying with Stinkfoot the alley cat , never mind its name , '' the story went into a drawer for many years . It came out with the meeting in 1977 of Vivian and Ki , at which point the story became bedtime reading for Vivian 's son Rupert Stanshall ( born 1968 ) , and later for his daughter with Ki , Silky Longfellow-Stanshall ( born 1979 ) . In 1985 it `` grew up '' when Vivian and Ki decided to base a musical on its lead character , Stinkfoot . At that point , it became a melding of two very different visions and two very different musical traditions : Vivian 's days as frontman for the Bonzo Dog Band and his childhood in Leigh-on-Sea with Ki 's love of America 's Broadway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f439fa95dc3d19bba9125af08d23414",
"text": "Minsc Minsc -LSB- ˈmɪnsk -RSB- is a fictional character in the Baldur 's Gate series of Dungeons & Dragons role-playing video games developed by BioWare . He originated from the pen-and-paper Dungeons & Dragons sessions held by the lead designer of Baldur 's Gate , James Ohlen , and was expanded upon by the game 's lead writer , Lukas Kristjanson . His video game debut was in Baldur 's Gate as a companion character who can join the player 's party . He also appears in the sequel , Baldur 's Gate II : Shadows of Amn , the expansion , Baldur 's Gate II : Throne of Bhaal , and the 2015 game Baldur 's Gate : Siege of Dragonspear , as well as in promotions relating to the titles . Minsc is voiced by Jim Cummings in his video game appearances . In the storyline , Minsc is a ranger , originally tasked with serving as a bodyguard to the witch Dynaheir as part of a `` dajemma '' ( rite of passage ) . When Dynaheir is captured by gnolls , Minsc asks the player to help free her , after which both characters are available to assist the player . Eventually , the player 's party is captured and when Dynaheir is killed by the mage Jon Irenicus , Minsc teams with the player in the pursuit of justice . A berserker , he has a strong desire to uphold good and be heroic , though with an extreme fervor that causes those around him to regard him as possibly insane . His animal companion is a hamster named Boo , with whom he often consults . Since his introduction , Minsc has been regarded as one of the best and most popular elements of the Baldur 's Gate games because of his demeanor and attachment to Boo , according to reviewers from IGN , GameSpot , and Eurogamer . Other reviewers from publications such as CVG have regarded him as one of the greatest aspects of PC gaming , while game developers have noted a preference for him . The web comic Megatokyo added Boo as a character in their publication , while the protagonist took on aspects of Minsc . His absence from subsequent gaming titles has also been lamented by sources such as UGO.com .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "743dc39f9e132ddc46e03e2d195faedf",
"text": "The Midnight Bell The Midnight Bell is a gothic novel by Francis Lathom . It was one of the seven `` horrid novels '' lampooned by Jane Austen in her novel Northanger Abbey . Dear creature ! How much I am obliged to you ; and when you have finished Udolpho , we will read the Italian together ; and I have made out a list of ten or twelve more of the same kind for you . Have you , indeed ! How glad I am ! What are they all ? I will read you their names directly ; here they are , in my pocketbook . Castle of Wolfenbach , Clermont , Mysterious Warnings , Necromancer of the Black Forest , Midnight Bell , Orphan of the Rhine , and Horrid Mysteries . Those will last us some time . Yes , pretty well ; but are they all horrid , are you sure they are all horrid ? -- Northanger Abbey , ch . 6 Subtitled `` A German Story , Founded On Incidents in Real Life '' it was first published in London by H. D. Symonds in 1798 . It concerns the quest of the hero , Alphonsus Cohenburg , to regain his estates and stolen identity after his parents are murdered by his villainous uncle . The young man becomes a soldier , then a miner before marrying his true love Lauretta only to see her kidnapped by bandits . The latter third is set in the quintessentially gothic Cohenburg castle and features tales of ghostly apparitions who turn out to be diabolical Roman Catholic priests , another common gothic trope . The Midnight Bell of the title calls the villainous monks to their dark meeting place .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f",
"text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb78c3b314aa040045fcf4b8599c35fd",
"text": "List of Sherlock Holmes episodes The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes ( 1984 -- 1985 ) , The Return of Sherlock Holmes ( 1986 -- 1988 ) , The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes ( 1991 -- 1993 ) and The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes ( 1994 ) , collectively known as Sherlock Holmes , are a series of adaptations of Arthur Conan Doyle 's Sherlock Holmes stories which were produced by Granada Television and originally broadcast by ITV in the United Kingdom . The series starred Jeremy Brett as Holmes and David Burke ( in the Adventures series ) and Edward Hardwicke ( Return , Case-Book , Memoirs ) as Dr. Watson . The programme adapted 42 of the original stories in 41 episodes , with 36 running for 50 minutes ( in a one-hour timeslot ) , and five being feature-length specials . Adventures ran for two series totalling 13 episodes , from April to June 1984 and August to September 1985 . Return ran for two series from July to August 1986 and April to August 1988 , as well as the specials `` The Sign of Four '' and `` The Hound of the Baskervilles '' , which aired on 29 December 1987 and 31 August 1988 respectively . Case-Book ran for one series from February to March 1991 and three specials which aired on 2 January 1992 and 27 January and 3 February 1993 . Memoirs ran for one series from March to April 1994 . A short episode was also produced as part of `` The Four Oaks Mystery '' which aired during the ITV Telethon in 1992 . Sherlock Holmes appeared in the first part , with the casts of Van der Valk , Taggart and Inspector Wexford appearing in the second , third and fourth parts respectively . The series has been released on DVD in Regions 1 , 2 and 4 , and has been repeated on ITV3 and BBC Two .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211",
"text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "355f0ba2443269ec28a30cdc78b695e2",
"text": "The Adventure of Silver Blaze `` Silver Blaze '' , one of the 56 Sherlock Holmes short stories written by British author Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , is one of 12 in the cycle collected as The Memoirs of Sherlock Holmes . Doyle ranked `` Silver Blaze '' 13th in a list of his 19 favourite Sherlock Holmes stories . One of the most popular Sherlock Holmes short stories , `` Silver Blaze '' focuses on the disappearance of the eponymous race horse ( a famous winner ) on the eve of an important race and on the apparent murder of its trainer . The tale is distinguished by its atmospheric Dartmoor setting and late-Victorian sporting milieu . It also features some of Conan Doyle 's most effective plotting , hinging on the `` curious incident of the dog in the night-time : '' Gregory ( Scotland Yard detective ) : `` Is there any other point to which you would wish to draw my attention ? '' Holmes : `` To the curious incident of the dog in the night-time . '' Gregory : `` The dog did nothing in the night-time . '' Holmes : `` That was the curious incident . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b62ba986dd86a76868063b92b3651cb8",
"text": "Wellard Wellard is a fictional Belgian Tervuren dog from the BBC soap opera EastEnders . He first appeared in the series on 18 October 1994 , and became EastEnders longest-serving pet , before being killed off on 15 August 2008 . Although the character is male , he has been played primarily by three female dogs : Zenna , her daughter Chancer , and her granddaughter Kyte . A fourth dog briefly served as a replacement for Zenna in 1996 , when she was given time off from the show to have a litter of puppies . Wellard was briefly written out of the series under executive producer Matthew Robinson , but returned when Robinson was succeeded by John Yorke . Wellard 's owners for the majority of his duration in the soap were Robbie Jackson and Gus Smith . He was voted `` Best Pet '' at the 2008 Digital Spy Soap Awards , and named the UK 's favourite soap opera pet in a 2009 Inside Soap poll . Wellard was a fan favourite , and although a storyline that saw him threatened with euthanasia for biting local café owner Ian Beale was poorly received by critics , his death drew generally favourable reviews .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbc050336e3e80791a81c61aa2df9ec5",
"text": "Chien de Jean de Nivelle Chien de Jean de Nivelle ( Jean de Nivelle 's dog ) is an animal or a man who does not want to obey when called , as in the expression Here comes the dog of Jean de Nivelle , it flees when it is called . The origins of the expression are unknown . It is thought that this Jean de Nivelle refused to help his father , Jean de Montmorency , to support Louis XI in the war against the duke of Burgundy . Furious , his father disinherited him and Jean de Nivelle fled to Flanders , hoping to avoid further troubles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a056d1abbeead1b71fa0e30509c4a96",
"text": "Bulldog Drummond (novel) Bull-dog Drummond ( later Bulldog Drummond ) was the first Bulldog Drummond novel . It was published in 1920 and written by H. C. McNeile under the pen name Sapper . The novel begins with ex-British Army Captain Hugh `` Bulldog '' Drummond , DSO , MC , a wealthy former World War I officer of the Loamshire Regiment , dashing and strong , but not handsome , placing an advertisement in The Times stating his desire for an adventure . He receives a reply from a young woman , concerned about some business acquaintances of her father . It turns out that her father is being blackmailed by archvillain Carl Peterson who is attempting to organise a coup d'état to enable a pro-communist takeover of Britain . Ironically , this is being done for financial gain as Peterson is being paid by wealthy foreigners who will profit from this . Drummond is captured several times , and manages to escape several times , before eventually defeating Peterson and his henchmen , with the aid of ex-army friends .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f7e4d0e6e7abc8ec5f2e915311e6f98",
"text": "Doge (disambiguation) Doge may refer to : Doge , a historical Italian chief of state , specifically : Doge of Venice Doge of Genoa Döge , a village in north-east Hungary Elphias Doge , a character from the Harry Potter series DOGE ( database ) ( in French , Documentation en Gestion des Entreprises ) , an academic bibliographic database Doge ( meme ) , an Internet meme primarily associated with the Shiba Inu breed of dog Dogecoin , a cryptocurrency named after the meme",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6f97b4de8f236b9520aa147ee42c5c79 | Beautiful was certified Diamond. | [
{
"docid": "040761936f7d31919ea272e8fa7c8e2c",
"text": "Beautiful (Christina Aguilera song) `` Beautiful '' is a song recorded by American singer Christina Aguilera for her fourth studio album , Stripped ( 2002 ) . It was released as the album 's second single on November 16 , 2002 . A pop and R&B ballad , `` Beautiful '' was written and produced by Linda Perry . Lyrically , it discusses inner beauty , as well as self-esteem and insecurity issues . Aguilera commented that she put `` her heart and her soul '' into the track , which she felt represented the theme of Stripped . The song was later re-recorded in an electronic style for her first greatest hits album Keeps Gettin ' Better : A Decade of Hits ( 2008 ) . Upon its release , `` Beautiful '' received universal acclaim from music critics , who have ranked it among Aguilera 's strongest material . It won a Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance and was also nominated for Song of the Year at the 2004 ceremony . `` Beautiful '' was also a commercial success , topping the charts in Australia , Belgium , Canada , Ireland , New Zealand and the United Kingdom . The song peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , where it was certified Gold for 500,000 units shipped . It was kept from the number one spot by `` Bump , Bump , Bump '' by B2K featuring P. Diddy . `` Beautiful '' has been widely embraced as an anthem by the LGBT community for its message of self-empowerment and inner beauty . An accompanying music video was directed by Jonas Åkerlund , and earned Aguilera a GLAAD Media Award for its positive portrayal of gay and transgender people . In 2011 , UK LGBT rights organization Stonewall named `` Beautiful '' the most empowering song of the previous decade for gay , lesbian , and bisexual people . In 2009 , Rolling Stone and VH1 listed it as one of the best songs of the 2000s ( decade ) . The song is widely recognized as one of Aguilera 's signature songs and has been covered on numerous occasions and featured on several television shows .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d4bf67dfc48e1cb93a9ce32038e616a8",
"text": "Paragon (diamond) A paragon is a perfect diamond -- flawless and without inclusions . In the 16th century , a mass of 12 carat was sufficient to qualify for this designation , but today the threshold lies at 100 carat . The largest flawless diamond in the world is known as The Paragon , a D-color gem weighing 137.82 carat , and the tenth largest white diamond in the world . The gem was mined in Brazil and attracted attention for being an exceptional white , flawless stone of great size . The Mayfair-based jeweller Graff Diamonds acquired the stone in Antwerp , cut it into an unusual seven-sided kite shield configuration , and set it in a necklace which separates to both necklace and bracelet lengths . Apart from the main stone , this necklace also contains rare pink , blue , and yellow diamonds , making a total mass of 190.27 carat . The necklace has associations with the end of the millennium and was worn by model Naomi Campbell at a diamond gala held by De Beers and Versace at Syon House in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6fb213728472c1f0ea59b21959d4993",
"text": "Beautiful People (UK TV series) Beautiful People was a British comedy drama television series based on the memoirs of Barneys creative director Simon Doonan . The series takes place in Reading , Berkshire , in 1997 , where thirteen-year-old Simon Doonan and his best friend Kylie dream of escaping their dreary suburban surroundings and moving to cosmopolitan London `` to live amongst the beautiful people '' . The first episode aired on BBC Two on 2 October 2008 and recorded overnight ratings of 1.5 million viewers and positive critical reaction . Episodes are self-contained , but do follow a loose story arc throughout the course of each series . The second and final series finished airing on 18 December 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "642b8e634a5545adbea9ed34b1da2859",
"text": "A Beautiful Mind (soundtrack) A Beautiful Mind is the original soundtrack album , on the Decca Records label , of the 2001 film A Beautiful Mind starring Russell Crowe , Jennifer Connelly ( who won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her role as `` Alicia Nash '' ) , Christopher Plummer and Paul Bettany . The original score and songs were composed and conducted by James Horner . The album garnered nominations for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score and the Academy Award for Best Original Score . Music critics felt that the musical score fit the film well , but believed it to be similar to several of Horner 's previous films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5a102135975ea3e22ede2f595e38440",
"text": "Precious (Yuna Ito song) `` Precious '' is the third single by Yuna Ito . It is the theme song to the movie Limit of Love : Umizaru ( starring Hideaki Ito and Ai Kato ) and was released on May 3 , 2006 . Both `` I 'm Free '' and `` Secrets '' are more up-beat songs than `` Precious '' . `` Precious '' reached a peak of # 2 on the daily charts and # 3 on the weekly charts . The following week , her single stayed high on the charts and was # 3 for the second week in a row . Her sales jumped from 39,000 copies the first week to 44,000 copies the second week . In two weeks , it has already surpassed the sales of her last single , `` Faith/Pureyes '' . This single has been billed as a double b-side single due to the fact it has 2 b-sides . On the half-yearly charts of 2006 , `` Precious '' was the 2nd most-downloaded song , 3rd most-downloaded ringtone , 5th most-downloaded PV , and overall ( combined ranking for all 3 categories ) ranked 2nd . The PV ( promotional video ) for the title track `` Precious '' was shot in New Zealand , where Ito and her staff stayed for 5 days . Despite the song being released for more than two years , it managed to climb back up the charts , with a peak of 17 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eb5543c1bebe4b9c309f6691df4b625",
"text": "Beautiful (EP) Beautiful is the debut extended play by American singer and rapper Amber , who is a member of South Korean girl group f ( x ) . The EP was released on February 13 , 2015 by S.M. Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2498099ae9442466e5fa629d9f9b3181",
"text": "Beautiful Boy Beautiful Boy may refer to : In music : `` Beautiful Boy ( Darling Boy ) '' , a 1980 song by John Lennon from Double Fantasy `` Beautiful Boys '' , another 1980 song by John Lennon , also from Double Fantasy `` Beautiful Boy '' , a song by Kelli Ali from Tigermouth `` Beautiful Boy '' , a song by Nate Borofsky from Never Enough Time `` Beautiful Boy '' , a song from the 2005 musical Lestat In other media : Beautiful Boy ( 2010 film ) , a 2010 drama directed by Shawn Ku Beautiful Boy ( 2018 film ) The Beautiful Boy ( or The Boy ) , a 2003 book by Germaine Greer Beautiful Boy : A Father 's Journey Through His Son 's Addiction , a 2008 book by David Sheff",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79b0425fd42322580d3a1e8ec3b35cba",
"text": "Beautiful (10 Years song) `` Beautiful '' is a song written and recorded by American alternative rock band 10 Years for their fourth album , Division , which is their second major release under Universal Records . It was released as the album 's first single to iTunes and rock radio outlets in 2008 . __ NOTOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a",
"text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58e7df963b1b362a7953ef7451664baa",
"text": "Pink Star (diamond) The Pink Star , formerly known as the Steinmetz Pink , is a diamond weighing 59.60 carat ( 11.92 g ) , rated in color as Fancy Vivid Pink by the Gemological Institute of America . The Pink Star was mined by De Beers in 1999 in South Africa , and weighed 132.5 carat in the rough . The Pink Star is the largest known diamond having been rated Vivid Pink . As a result of this exceptional rarity , the Benny Steinmetz Group called Steinmetz Diamonds took a cautious 20 months to cut the Pink . It was unveiled in Monaco on 29 May 2003 in a public ceremony . The Pink Star was displayed ( as the Steinmetz Pink ) as part of the Smithsonian 's `` The Splendor of Diamonds '' exhibit , alongside the De Beers Millennium Star , the world 's second largest ( the Cullinan I The Star of Africa is the largest ) top colour ( D ) internally and externally flawless pear-shaped diamond at 203.04 carat ( 40.608 g ) , the Heart of Eternity Diamond , a 27.64 carat ( 5.582 g ) heart-cut blue diamond and the Moussaieff Red Diamond , the world 's largest known Fancy Red diamond at 5.11 carat ( 1.022 g ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cfe2b096a305fba3f8d2304a039888d",
"text": "Good, Bad but Beautiful Good , Bad but Beautiful is a 1975 album by Shirley Bassey . In the first half of the decade , Bassey recorded nine albums , with three making the top ten . In March 1975 , Bassey released a compilation that became her highest-charting album to date , The Shirley Bassey Singles Album ( # 2 ) , and reflects the momentum Bassey had maintained since her 1970 `` comeback '' . Good , Bad but Beautiful , released in the autumn of 1975 , spent seven weeks on the UK Albums Chart , peaking at # 13 , and earned a silver disc . The album reflects the formula that brought Bassey back to the charts : a combination of contemporary songs combined with her forte of standards , show tunes , and torch songs , featuring arrangements aimed squarely at the adult contemporary , or middle-of-the-road , audience . This was also achieved by modifying her backup orchestra to include electric guitars , a string and brass section with a more contemporary sound , and drumming that is more soft rock-oriented than jazz-oriented , while side two 's opener , `` Feel Like Makin ' Love '' displays a smooth jazz style . This was Bassey 's seventh album of the 1970s to make the Billboard 200 , peaking at # 186 . It also reached # 54 on the US R&B chart . In the UK the album was awarded a silver disc six weeks after it was released . The original release was in stereo on vinyl and cassette . In 2005 , BGO Records issued a remastered Good , Bad but Beautiful , together with the 1973 album Never Never Never , on a 2-CD set .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "155d15d45cc8021a2f629eb94e4a1fad",
"text": "This Beautiful Mess This Beautiful Mess is the second album by American band Sixpence None the Richer , released in 1995 ( see 1995 in music ) . The recording was produced by Armand John Petri , who also managed the band from 1993 to 1997 . This Beautiful Mess surpassed 50,000 copies sold during its first year of release and laid the foundation for Sixpence 's self-titled breakout album two years later . This Beautiful Mess won the 1996 Dove Award for `` Alternative/Modern Rock Album of the Year . '' The songs `` Within a Room Somewhere '' and `` I Ca n't Explain '' were both minor hits on the Christian music charts . Within a couple years of the album 's release , two eventually significant rock bands formed under the moniker `` This Beautiful Mess . '' The first originated in Colorado Springs , Co in 1996 and went on to become the platinum-selling act OneRepublic . The second , formed in 1997 , is the Dutch rock quintet from the Netherlands which continues making music under the same name . `` This Beautiful Mess '' is also used as the title of author Rick McKinley 's 2006 treatise on personal and social transformation . The book 's foreword was written by million-selling author Donald Miller , who filmed the 2012 movie Blue Like Jazz with Sixpence None the Richer producer Steve Taylor directing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "066bdc35887eae267a26760f468e5805",
"text": "Hello Beautiful (disambiguation) Hello Beautiful can refer to : `` Hello , Beautiful '' , a 1931 song by Maurice Chevalier , also featured in several Betty Boop films ( Bimbo Express , 1931 ; Stopping the Show , 1932 ; Betty Boop 's Rise to Fame , 1934 ) `` Hello Beautiful '' , a song from the 2007 Jonas Brothers album `` Hello , Beautiful '' , a song by Vic Mignogna from his 2007 album Metafiction The Powers Girl , sometimes retitled Hello , Beautiful , a 1943 musical comedy about women employed by a modeling agency Hello Beautiful , an alternative/hip hop/rock fusion band from Whitby , Ontario , Canada Hello Beautiful ! , a popular weekly radio program in Chicago about arts , architecture and culture , created and hosted by Edward Lifson",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4d044f75d7c7b0584269554878ecc29",
"text": "Legs Diamond (band) Legs Diamond is an American rock band that has often been called `` The American Deep Purple '' . They formed in Los Angeles , California starting with Michael `` Diamond '' Gargano ( bass ) and Jeff Poole ( drums ) . The group released their self-titled debut album for Mercury Records in 1977 . The original band broke up in 1980 after three popular albums , but reformed in 1984 after their original albums had begun to acquire a cult following . The new lineup released several more albums and continued to perform throughout the 1990s and 2000s . In 2005 , original frontman Rick Sanford was replaced by ex-Montrose and Wild Horses vocalist John Levesque , and the band released their latest album , `` Diamonds Are Forever '' , in 2006 . Original members include Roger Romeo ( guitar ) , Michael Prince ( keyboards/rhythm guitar ) , and Jeff Poole ( percussion ) . The band still does the occasional gig in the Los Angeles area and at least once a year in San Antonio , TX where they are still hugely popular , the result of being a favorite of influential disc jockey Joe `` the Godfather '' Anthony ( 1940-1992 ) . Keyboardist Michael Prince is active in studio recording , in Los Angeles , working with some better known R+B and Pop Acts , including Beyoncé , Chris Brown , Usher , Los Lobos and Michael Jackson . Guitarist Roger Romeo is also currently working in a new band called the Funkin Maniacs . Power drummer Jon Hyde ( Detective ) and NS Stick and bassist Gary Jibilian round out the trio . They are recording a new CD slated for release early 2012 . As of 2011 , the band was working on their 12th CD due to be available within the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98a5588326909f1c9ea728dd789a84aa",
"text": "But Beautiful (song) `` But Beautiful '' is a popular song with music written by Jimmy Van Heusen , the lyrics by Johnny Burke . The song was published in 1947 . One of five songs written by Burke and Van Heusen featured in the Paramount Pictures movie Road to Rio ( 1947 ) , it was introduced by Bing Crosby and is also associated with his leading lady Dorothy Lamour . The song was a hit in 1948 for Frank Sinatra ( reaching the No. 14 spot ) , Bing Crosby ( # 20 ) , Margaret Whiting ( # 21 ) and Art Lund ( # 25 ) . The original key is G major and has the form A-B1-A-B2 . Chick Corea recorded a piano solo version of it in the original key of G major , but it has been recorded in many different keys , including F major ( later Sinatra ) , C major ( Bill Evans and Stan Getz ) , D major ( Tony Bennett and Lady Gaga ) , Billie Holiday ( B-flat major ) and Nat King Cole ( E major ) . It is usually performed as a ballad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce80524517210b010d47ad9179694eb6",
"text": "Beautiful Nowhere Beautiful Nowhere is the second studio album by singer-songwriter Josh Clayton-Felt , though it was marketed and released under his birth name Josh Clayton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e",
"text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "287654749df010e298e9cf60feb4ecd6",
"text": "Beautiful You / Sennen Koi Uta is Tohoshinki 's 22nd Japanese single , released on April 23 , 2008 shortly before the completion of the T album Japan tour . `` Sennen Koi Uta '' was used as the opening theme for `` The Legend '' , a Korean drama that was later aired in Japan . Oricon News predicted that the consecutive releases of the previous single albums as well as the popularity of the historical drama series were expected to boost the sales of the latest single . It is Tohoshinki 's second # 1 single on the Weekly Oricon Charts . Similar to their `` Purple Line '' single , they wrote history again in the Japanese music industry by becoming the second foreign artist , next to Ou Yang Fei Fei , to have 2 chart-toppers . According to the Oricon , TVXQ succeeded Ou Yang Fei Fei 's position after 24 years and 5 months .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc963ae85cee1833f99b590690765c3a",
"text": "Beautiful Death Beautiful Death is an album by Bella Morte , released in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4273867145f36c8c7836d15140bb387",
"text": "Nuestro Amor Nuestro Amor ( English : Our Love ) is the second studio album by Mexican pop band RBD . The album was released on September 22 , 2005 in Mexico , selling over 127,000 units in its first seven hours of release in the country , and 160,000 in the first week , enough for it to be certified Platinum almost instantly . It was eventually certified 3 × Platinum + Gold in Mexico . In the United States , the album was released on October 4 , 2005 and peaked at number 88 on the Billboard 200 albums chart . It also spent three weeks in a row at # 1 on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart , selling over 100,000 units just in its first week of release . The album was released in Spain on October 30 , 2006 and has been certified 2 × Platinum in the region . The album was nominated for a Latin Grammy in the `` Best Pop Album by a Duo/Group with Vocals '' category at the 2006 Latin Grammy Awards . On March 2 , 2006 , a ` Diamond Edition ' of the album was released , which included the original 14 tracks , plus an interactive CD including wallpapers , videos , screensavers , plus two new unreleased tracks . The group eventually recorded a Portuguese-language version of the album for their fanbase in Brazil ; this edition was launched on May 22 , 2006 , and was titled Nosso Amor Rebelde . As of 2011 , Nuestro Amor has sold 12 million copies worldwide , making it RBD 's best selling album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02d1985d374fa5434bf94c6bbd25b784",
"text": "A Thousand Beautiful Things `` A Thousand Beautiful Things '' is a song by Annie Lennox , released in 2004 as the second `` promotional-only '' single from her album Bare .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0d124f4aaa17e634d9e4bdee485ba4ba | Gennady Golovkin is ranked best middleweight by Guatemala. | [
{
"docid": "881bb9f351082ec60cc34181dc6ff89a",
"text": "Gennady Golovkin Gennady Gennadyevich Golovkin ( Геннадий Геннадьевич Головкин born 8 April 1982 ) is a Kazakhstani professional boxer who currently holds the unified WBA ( Super ) , WBC , IBF , and IBO middleweight titles . As of May 2017 , he is ranked as the world 's best middleweight by BoxRec and the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board , and second best by The Ring . He is also ranked as the world 's third best boxer , pound for pound , by The Ring , fifth by BoxRec , and seventh by the Transnational Boxing Rankings Board . Golovkin won his first major world championship , the WBA interim middleweight title , by defeating Milton Núñez in 2010 . He was elevated to WBA ( Regular ) champion in the same year , and in 2011 would win the vacant IBO middleweight title by defeating Lajuan Simon . In 2014 , Golovkin was elevated to his current status of WBA ( Super ) champion and successfully defended both his titles against Daniel Geale . Later that year he defeated Marco Antonio Rubio to add the WBC interim middleweight title to his collection , and defeated David Lemieux in 2015 to win the IBF middleweight title . After Canelo Álvarez vacated his WBC middleweight title in 2016 , Golovkin was elevated to full champion and now holds world titles by three of the four major boxing sanctioning bodies . A calculating pressure fighter , Golovkin is known for his powerful and precise punching , balance , and methodical movement . With a streak of 23 knockouts that spanned from 22 November 2008 to 18 March 2017 , he holds the highest knockout percentage -- 89.8 % -- in middleweight championship history . In 2016 , he achieved his 17th title defense by knockout , which equalled the record set by Wilfredo Gómez in 1982 . Golovkin is also said to have one of the best chins in modern boxing , having never been knocked down or knocked out in a total of 387 fights , neither as a professional nor amateur . In his amateur career , Golovkin won a gold medal in the middleweight division at the 2003 World Championships . He went on to represent Kazakhstan at the 2004 Summer Olympics , winning a middleweight silver medal .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e129f91c9549748660047f99abd479da",
"text": "Wilfredo Gómez Wilfredo Gómez Rivera ( -LSB- wilˈfɾeðo ˈɣomes -RSB- ; born October 29 , 1956 ) , sometimes referred to as Bazooka Gómez , is a Puerto Rican former professional boxer and three-time world champion . He is frequently mentioned among the best Puerto Rican boxers of all time by sports journalists and analysts , along with Félix Trinidad , Miguel Cotto , Wilfred Benítez , Esteban De Jesús , Edwin Rosario , and Carlos Ortíz . His seventeen consecutive knockouts in championship defenses is a record for all boxing divisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c48dbc410c0488fbbd26f4e174001d2",
"text": "Boxing at the 2011 Pan American Games – Light welterweight The men 's light welterweight competition of the boxing events at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara , Mexico , was held between October 21 and 28 at the Expo Guadalajara Arena . The defending champion was Karl Dargan from the United States . Light welterweights were limited to those boxers weighing less than or equal to 64 kilograms . Like all Pan American boxing events , the competition was a straight single-elimination tournament . Both semifinal losers were awarded bronze medals , so no boxers competed again after their first loss . Bouts consisted of four rounds of two minutes each , with one-minute breaks between rounds . Punches scored only if the white area on the front of the glove made full contact with the front of the head or torso of the opponent . Five judges scored each bout ; three of the judges had to signal a scoring punch within one second for the punch to score . The winner of the bout was the boxer who scored the most valid punches by the end of the bout .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0660f667f7b087c5de38251db38883b2",
"text": "Roy Jones Jr. Roy Levesta Jones Jr. ( born January 16 , 1969 ) is an American professional boxer , boxing commentator , boxing trainer , rapper , and actor who holds dual American and Russian citizenship . He is a former six-time , four-weight world champion , having held titles at middleweight , super middleweight , light heavyweight , and heavyweight , and is the only boxer in history to start his professional career as a light middleweight and go on to win a heavyweight title . As an amateur he represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics , winning a silver medal in the light middleweight division . Jones , who is considered by many to be one of the best boxers of all time , pound for pound , left his mark in the sport 's history when he won the WBA heavyweight title in 2003 , becoming the first former middleweight champion to win a heavyweight title in 106 years . He also became the undisputed light heavyweight champion in 1999 , by unifying the WBA , WBC , and IBF titles . During his prime , Jones was known for possessing exceptional hand speed , athleticism , movement and reflexes . The Boxing Writers Association of America ( BWAA ) named Jones as the Fighter of the Decade for the 1990s . He was also named Fighter of the Year for 2003 by the World Boxing Hall of Fame , and is a three-time winner of the Best Boxer ESPY Award ( 1996 , 2000 , and 2003 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e17e81dfbe7640c175d490db91e84b64",
"text": "Alex de Jesús Alexander `` Alex '' de Jesús ( February 2 , 1983 -- April 3 , 2016 ) was a Puerto Rican professional boxer . As an amateur , de Jesús represented the island of Puerto Rico in international events , including the 2003 Pan American Games , the 2002 Central American and Caribbean Games and the 2004 Summer Olympics . Early in his career , he won seven regional titles : the World Boxing Organization Latino lightweight title , World Boxing Council Caribbean Boxing Federation lightweight title , World Boxing Association Fedecaribe Lightweight title , WBO Latino light welterweight title , WBA Fedecaribe Welterweight title , WBC Latino light welterweight title and the WBA Fedebol light welterweight title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c17e2ab466a7e59e7c32fece6e20709",
"text": "Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto Floyd Mayweather Jr. vs. Andre Berto , billed as `` High Stakes '' , was a professional boxing fight , contested for the welterweight championship . The bout was held on September 12 , 2015 at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas , Nevada on Showtime PPV Mayweather Jr. confirmed his retirement after the bout . Mayweather dominated the fight , landing an impressive 56 % -LSB- 232/410 -RSB- punches thrown , and 67 % of power punches -LSB- 132/196 -RSB- compared to Berto 's underwhelming number of 16 % -LSB- 83/495 -RSB- punches landed and 22 % -LSB- 39/177 -RSB- of power punches thrown . Mayweather won the fight , 120-108 , 118-110 and 117-111 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63a6f491b71cf4ef23b44a4d232afa2c",
"text": "Víctor Galíndez Víctor Emilio Galíndez ( November 2 , 1948 in Vedia -- October 25 , 1980 in Veinticinco de Mayo , Buenos Aires ) was an Argentine boxer who was the third Latin American to win the world Light Heavyweight championship , after Puerto Rico 's José Torres and Venezuela 's Vicente Rondon . Galíndez was born in Vedia in the Leandro N. Alem Partido of the Buenos Aires Province in Argentina in 1948 . He aspired to become both a boxer and a stock car pilot since an early age , but he was more interested in boxing . As an amateur , he compiled a winning record and participated in the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City , where he lost in a preliminary round bout to Aldo Bentini of Italy . A year earlier he claimed the silver medal at the 1967 Pan American Games . Galíndez then turned professional , and on May 10 of 1969 , he debuted as a paid fighter with a win over Ramon Ruiz by a knockout in four at Buenos Aires . After one more win , he faced Adolfo Cejas in Azul , Argentina , in a fight which resulted in a ten-round draw . In 1970 , Galíndez had 10 fights , a span during which he went 5-3-1 , with one no contest . He suffered his first loss , at the hands of Juan Aguilar , by a decision in ten , and had a second and third fight with Aguilar , of which the second ended in a first round no contest , and the second in another Aguilar decision win . He began his five fight rivalry with Jorge Ahumada knocking Ahumada out in five rounds , and lost the Argentine Light Heavyweight title with a twelve-round decision defeat against Avenamar Peralta . He and Peralta had an immediate , non-title rematch in 1971 , and Galíndez won by a ten-round decision . 1971 was a year of rematches for Galíndez , the only new boxer he met that year being Pedro Rimovsky , and he too , had a rematch with Galíndez before that year was over . He lost to Ahumada in the second of the five fights between them , by a decision in Mendoza , Argentina , then beat him in fight three by a knockout in nine , and in fight four by a knockout in six , both the third and fourth fight being held in Buenos Aires . He and Rimovsky had a first round no contest in their first bout , and drew over the ten round distance in the rematch , and then Galíndez had two more fights with Peralta , losing by a knockout in nine and a decision in 10 . In 1973 , Galíndez had eight fights , winning seven and drawing one . He was finally able to obtain Argentina 's Light Heavyweight title , by beating Aguilar by a decision in twelve . He beat Aguilar once again , by a knockout in six , and he also beat Eddie Owens , Eddie Duncan and Raul Loyola , the latter being beaten twice , one time defending his Argentine title . He began 1974 with a step up in class , meeting former world title challenger Ray Anderson , beating him by a knockout in two . After six more consecutive wins , he was given his first shot at a world title , facing Len Hutchins for the WBA 's vacant world Light Heavyweight championship . Galíndez then joined Torres and Rondon as the only Hispanic Light Heavyweight world champions in history , and Carlos Monzón as the only Argentine world champions of that era , with a TKO of Hutchins in the thirteenth round to become the WBA 's world Light Heavyweight champion . Ironically , Galíndez , who never fought outside Argentina before becoming a world champion , became a traveling fighter after that . After he beat Johnny Griffin in Buenos Aires by knockout in six in a non-title bout , it was off to South Africa , for his first international fight , which was , at the same time , his first world title defense . He beat Pierre Fourie there by a decision . Next was Las Vegas , for his first fight in the United States , another non title affair . He knocked out Ray Elson in eight there . Next stop was the Madison Square Garden in New York , where he and arch-rival Ahumada met for a fifth time , this time with the world title on the line . After beating Ahumada by a decision in 15 , Galíndez returned to South Africa , where he once again beat Fourie by decision in 15 . 1976 saw a trip to Norway , where he beat Harald Skog by a knockout in three to retain the title , and to Denmark , where he beat Jesse Burnett by a decision in ten in a non tite affair . Then came a third trip to South Africa , where he knocked out challenger Richie Kates in the 15th and last round , and , after a fight with Billy Douglas in Buenos Aires , ( a win by decision in ten ) he found himself in South Africa once again , where he beat Kosie Smith by a decision in fifteen to once again , retain the title . After beginning 1977 by beating Guillermo Aquirrezabala by a knockout in four in Mendoza , he and Kates had a rematch in Rome , Italy , where Galíndez once again beat Kates by decision over 15 . Next , the Argentine champion and challenger Álvaro Yaqui López faced Galíndez in a 15-round title bout , once again in Italy , and Galíndez retained the title by a decision in Rome . Galíndez ' last fight of '77 took him to Italy for a third time , and he beat future world champion Eddie Mustafa Muhammad ( then Eddie Gregory ) by a decision in fifteen . In 1978 , Galíndez went to Italy again , retaining the title with a fifteen-round decision in a rematch with Lopez , and then he made a series of non-title bouts in Argentina before he went on the road again , this time losing his title to Mike Rossman by a knockout in 13 , in the same undercard where Muhammad Ali recovered the world Heavyweight title for the third time by beating Leon Spinks at the Louisiana Superdome in New Orleans . After his first fight in 1979 , beating Roberto Aguilar by a knockout in six back home , he and Rossman were supposed to have a rematch in February of that year , but Galíndez refused to fight , arguing that the judges selected for the rematch would probably favor Rossman . However , the rematch did come off later that year , and Galíndez recovered the world championship , once again in New Orleans , knocking Rossman out in 10 rounds . This time , however , he would n't last long as king of the Light Heavyweights , and he lost the title in his first defense , by a knockout in 11 to Marvin Johnson , a boxer who would later join Muhammad Ali , Sugar Ray Robinson and Carlos De León among others as one of the few boxers to be world champions three times in the same category . The fight with Johnson also took place in New Orleans . After losing a rematch with Burnett in 1980 by a decision in twelve in Anaheim , California , Galíndez was forced to retire because of two operations to repair his detached retinas , and then he tried to pursue his other dream of becoming a stock-car race pilot . On October 25 of that year , he participated in what would be his first and last Turismo Carretera race . After going to the pit for repairs , Galíndez was struck by a car that lost control and killed instantly while in the waiting area . He had a boxing record of 52 wins , 9 losses and 4 draws with 2 no contests , and 34 wins by knockout . In 2002 , Galíndez was inducted into the International Boxing Hall Of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af57b54413883c5e93a1888fbafa7ebb",
"text": "Fulgencio Zúñiga Fulgencio Zúñiga ( -LSB- fulˈxensjo ˈsuɲiɣa -RSB- ; born July 23 , 1977 ) is a Colombian professional boxer and former IBO super middleweight champion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b11772c9884d1e1c1ee964614e36051",
"text": "Roberto Durán Roberto Durán Samaniego ( born June 16 , 1951 ) is a Panamanian former professional boxer who competed from 1968 to 2001 . Widely regarded as one of the greatest boxers of all time , Durán was a versatile brawler and in-fighter in the ring , which earned him the nickname of `` Manos de Piedra '' ( `` Hands of Stone '' ) for his devastating punching power . He is a four-weight world champion , having held titles at lightweight ( 1972 -- 1979 ) , welterweight ( 1980 ) , light middleweight ( 1983 -- 1984 ) , and middleweight ( 1989 ) , as well as reigns as the undisputed and lineal lightweight champion ( 1978 -- 1979 ) , and the lineal welterweight champion ( 1980 ) . He is also the second boxer to have competed over a span of five decades , the first being Jack Johnson . In 2002 , Durán was voted by The Ring magazine as the fifth greatest fighter of the last 80 years , while boxing historian Bert Sugar rated him as the eighth greatest fighter of all time . The Associated Press voted him as the best lightweight of the 20th century , with many considering him the greatest lightweight of all time . Durán finally retired in January 2002 at age 50 ( having previously retired in 1998 ) following a bad car crash in October 2001 , with an epic professional record of 119 fights , 103 wins , and 70 knockouts . Up until his fight with Wilfred Benítez in 1982 , he was trained by legendary boxing trainer Ray Arcel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10f07a4595689620e07f4703d4a407e3",
"text": "Thiago Silva (fighter) Thiago Anderson Ramos da Silva ( -LSB- tʃiˈaɡu ˈsiwvɐ -RSB- ; born November 12 , 1982 ) is a Brazilian mixed martial artist who currently competes in the Light Heavyweight division of the Absolute Championship Berkut . Once a member of the renowned Chute Boxe Academy , Silva now trains at Jaco Hybrid Training Center A.K.A. the Blackzilians . Silva received his Brazilian jiu-jitsu black belt under Jorge Patino .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c41c01a8355de378e236205783d9c5b",
"text": "Mexican National Middleweight Championship The Mexican National Middleweight Championship ( Campeonato National Medio in Spanish ) was a national Mexican professional wrestling championship controlled by a `` National title '' controlled by the `` Comisión de Box y Lucha Libre Mexico D.F. '' ( Mexico City Boxing and Wrestling Commission ) , which regulates all matches where the title is defended . The title has been in use since at least 1933 until December 8 , 2008 . It was defended in the Asistencia Asesoría y Administración ( AAA ) promotion since AAA 's inception in 1992 . Since it is a National title endorsed by the Comisión it could technically be defended in various Mexican promotions , but in reality was promoted mainly by AAA from 1992 until 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "304aeb0dc7230afae9a80213e5f640e0",
"text": "Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time . A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record . Category : Boxing terminology Category : Pejorative terms for people",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39278e84845d73625d763a26cae66926",
"text": "David Estrada (boxer) David Estrada ( born December 19 , 1978 ) is a Guatemalan and Mexican-American boxer who is from Chicago .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d3771b1e68b7d57b3a4467daa7348da",
"text": "Jueves negro Jueves negro ( English : `` Black Thursday '' ) refers to a violent series of political demonstrations that created havoc in Guatemala City on 24 and 25 July 2003 . In May 2003 , the Guatemalan Republican Front ( FRG ) political party selected former military dictator Efraín Ríos Montt as its candidate for the forthcoming November general election . However , his candidacy was initially rejected by the electoral registry and by two lower courts , on the grounds of a constitutional ban preventing former coup leaders from seeking the presidency ( Ríos Montt had originally come to power by means of a coup d'état on 23 March 1982 ) . On 14 July 2003 , the Constitutional Court , which had had several judges appointed from the FRG , approved his candidacy for president , arguing that the terms of the 1985 Constitution could not be applied retroactively . On 20 July , however , the Supreme Court suspended his campaign for the presidency and agreed to hear a complaint brought by two right-of-centre parties that the general was constitutionally barred from running for president of the country . Ríos Montt denounced the ruling as judicial manipulation and , in a radio address , called on his followers to take to the streets to protest against this decision . On 24 July , the day known as ` jueves negro ' , thousands of masked FRG supporters invaded the streets of Guatemala City , armed with machetes , clubs and guns . They had been bussed in from all over the country by the FRG amidst claims that people working in FRG-controlled municipalities were being blackmailed with being sacked if they did not attend the demonstration . The demonstrators blocked traffic , chanted threatening slogans , and waved their machetes about . They were led by well known FRG militants , including a well known member of Congress , who was photographed by the press early in the morning while co-ordinating the actions , and the secretary of Ríos Montt 's daughter , Zury . The demonstrators marched on the courts , the opposition parties headquarters , and newspapers , torching buildings , shooting out windows and burning cars and tyres in the streets . A TV journalist , Héctor Ramírez , intervened to try and save a colleague who was being attacked by the demonstrators and died of a heart attack while running away from the mob . The situation was so chaotic over the weekend that both the UN mission and the U.S. embassy were closed . Following the rioting , the Constitutional Court , packed with allies of Ríos Montt and his protégé , President Alfonso Portillo , overturned the Supreme Court decision , upholding Ríos Montt 's claim that the ban on coup leaders , formalized in the 1985 Constitution , could not be applied retroactively to acts before that date . Many Guatemalans expressed anger over the Court 's decision .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff0bd90dde781cb6ac9cd9f4138e8e76",
"text": "Miguel Cotto vs. DeMarcus Corley The Cotto vs. Corley fight was a bout held in Bayamón , Puerto Rico , on February 26 , 2005 . It was for Miguel Cotto 's WBO world Jr. . Welterweight title , and it pitted him against former world champion Demarcus Corley . Much expectation preceded the fight , which was sponsored in Puerto Rico by DirecTV . The then recently inaugurated Tren Urbano had to be specially abilitated for this fight , as fans had overcrowded the parking area with their cars the last time Cotto had a fight in Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican tourism department saw this event as a perfect occasion to demonstrate the new railway 's conveniences to fans across the island . Cotto participated in a ceremonial trip from a station near José Miguel Agrelot coliseum in San Juan to the fight 's venue , Bayamón 's Rubén Rodríguez Coliseum . Corley , meanwhile , arrived in Puerto Rico on Wednesday , February 23 . According to El Vocero , the newspaper that interviewed the former world champion on arrival at Luis Muñoz Marín International Airport , Corley showed confidence and kept smiling , but predicted a unanimous decision win , which is somewhat uncommon among boxers , as they usually predict knockout wins . Corley trained the last few days before the fight at the same gymnasium that Edwin Rosario used during Rosario 's prime . The fight was broadcast to the United States live on HBO Boxing 's `` Boxing After Dark '' leg . Cotto wore trunks that had the flags of every Hispanic country . About half a minute into the fight , Corley went down from a right cross to the head . He was rocked often the rest of the first round , but he was able to stay on his feet . Cotto kept hitting Corley with stamina-reducing shots to the body and the head in round two , but he lost a point , when , without any previous warnings , referee Ismael Quinones Falu deducted it from the scorecards after Corley complained that Cotto had hurt him on the crotch area . It was a somewhat unusual move by the referee : usually they give boxers a number of warnings before actually deducting a point for illegal fighting tactics . In the third round , Corley hit Cotto flush with a right hand to the chin , and Cotto , who was arguably having the worst round of his career , almost fell . Corley mounted an attack , pinning Cotto against the ropes for most of the round . Cotto was then suddenly struck by a low blow himself , and he went to the floor . The referee gave him time to recover , but did not take any points away from Corley . Towards the end of the round , both fighters engaged in an exchange of powerful lefts , with Cotto 's barely missing Corley 's body , but Corley 's getting Cotto on the head and sending him to the ropes again . Having recuperated in between rounds , Cotto picked up the fight 's momentum again in round four , using his jab , and then connecting with various combinations towards the end of the round . By round five , Cotto sported a cut inside his nose and he also had a swollen eye . Corley looked like he had taken tremendous punishment as well ; he looked tired and his face looked like it had a few small cuts too . Cotto , who , by the way , weighed 157 pounds ( 71 kg ) on HBO 's weight balance on the day of the fight compared to Corley 's 140 pounds ( 63.5 kg ) , pinned Corley against the ropes . A combination of punches to the body and head sent Corley down for a second time . Corley got up and tried to weather the storm by fighting back , but he was taking a lot of punishment as he decided to go down to one knee in order to take a rest . The third knockdown , however , would become the subject of a small controversy , as , instead of counting on Corley , Quinones Falu decided to stop the fight at that moment , giving Cotto the victory by a fifth round technical knockout . After the stoppage , Corley reacted with a menacing look towards the referee , but no action was taken by him against Quinones Falu . HBO 's instant replays showed that none of the punches that Cotto threw before Corley decided to take a knee had actually landed . Nevertheless , since Corley 's third visit to the canvas happened after Corley took a conscious decision to fall in order to take the extra rest , boxing rules dictated that it had to be counted as a knockdown . Soon after the fight was stopped , HBO analizers were quick to signal the result as a `` hometown stoppage '' , specially Larry Merchant . But their claims were quickly countered by Corley himself , who admitted to going down for the third time as a strategy to avoid further punishment from Cotto and maybe buy himself more fight time . After the fight , both fighters agreed that they should have a rematch . Category : Boxing fights Category :2005 in boxing Category : Boxing in Puerto Rico Category : Sports in Bayamón , Puerto Rico Category :2005 in Puerto Rican sport",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e7988973421dc31b58dcf6ed5741b1e",
"text": "Yuri Bessmertny Yuri Gorbachev ( Юрый Гарбачоў , born August 27 , 1987 ) , better known as Yuri Bessmertny , is a Belarusian Muay Thai kickboxer who competes in the middleweight and super middleweight divisions . After taking up Muay Thai at thirteen years old , he began his career in 2004 and rose to prominence by becoming a five-time national champion at both amateur and professional levels . Having established himself domestically , he then went on to win numerous European , intercontinental and world titles while fighting mostly in the former Soviet Union . In 2011 , he won the Fight Code Dragon Series tournament featuring sixteen top 72.5 kg/160 lb fighters from around the world to break into the middleweight elite .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70b77eb6f3858cfe10bcfec61aa43e67",
"text": "Boxing in Armenia Boxing ( բռնցքամարտ břntsk ` amart , literally `` fist fight '' ) in Armenia is a popular sport , that existed in the Armenian Highland since ancient times . Amateur boxing schools in the country appeared in early 1900s , by the mid-1950s boxing became one of the traditional sports in Armenia . In 1956 Vladimir Yengibaryan won a gold medal at the Olympics for the Soviet team . In early 21st century professional and amateur boxing in Armenia reached another peak . Most notably Arthur Abraham and Vic Darchinyan won several professional world champion titles . Dozens of amateur boxer have been placed in the top 3 of the world and Europe in their weight categories . Vladimir Yengibarian was the first man who opened boxing schools in Armenia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2007efc9029d56afa25915e2b16e5383",
"text": "Guatemalan Revolution The Guatemalan Revolution ( Revolución de Guatemala ) was the period in Guatemalan history between the popular uprising that overthrew dictator Jorge Ubico in 1944 and the United States-orchestrated coup d'état in 1954 that unseated President Jacobo Árbenz . It is also known as the Ten Years of Spring , highlighting the only years of representative democracy in Guatemala from 1930 until the end of the civil war in 1996 , and included a program of agrarian reform that was enormously influential across Latin America . From the late 19th century until 1944 Guatemala was governed by a series of authoritarian rulers who sought to strengthen the economy by supporting the export of coffee . Between 1898 and 1920 , Manuel Estrada Cabrera granted significant concessions to the United Fruit Company , an American corporation that traded in tropical fruit , and dispossessed many indigenous people of their communal lands . Under Jorge Ubico , who ruled as a dictator between 1931 and 1944 , this process was intensified , with the institution of harsh labor regulations and a police state . In June 1944 , a popular pro-democracy movement led by university students and labor organizations forced Ubico to resign . He appointed a three-person military junta to take his place , led by Federico Ponce Vaides . This junta continued Ubico 's oppressive policies , until it was toppled in a military coup led by Jacobo Árbenz in October 1944 , an event also known as the `` October Revolution '' . The coup leaders formed a junta which swiftly called for open elections . These elections were won in a landslide by Juan José Arévalo , a progressive professor of philosophy who had become the face of the popular movement . He implemented a moderate program of social reform , including a widely successful literacy campaign and a largely free election process , although illiterate women were not given the vote and communist parties were banned . Following the end of Arévalo 's presidency in 1951 , Jacobo Árbenz was elected to the presidency in a landslide . The progressive military leader of 1944 continued Arévalo 's reforms , and began an ambitious land-reform program , known as Decree 900 . Under it , the uncultivated portions of large land-holdings were expropriated in return for compensation , and redistributed to poverty-stricken agricultural laborers . Approximately 500,000 people benefited from the decree . The majority of them were indigenous people , whose forebears had been dispossessed after the Spanish invasion . Árbenz ' policies ran afoul of the United Fruit Company , which lost some of its uncultivated land . The company lobbied the US government for Árbenz ' overthrow , and the State Department responded by engineering a coup under the pretext that Árbenz was a communist . Carlos Castillo Armas took power at the head of a military junta , provoking the Guatemalan Civil War . The war lasted from 1960 to 1996 , and saw the US-backed military commit genocide against the indigenous Maya peoples , and widespread human rights violations against civilians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aad7edc6c6e285e52037f6c056b84033",
"text": "List of companies of Guatemala Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west , the Pacific Ocean to the southwest , Belize to the northeast , the Caribbean to the east , Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast . With an estimated population of around 15.8 million , it is the most populated state in Central America . A representative democracy , Guatemala 's capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción , also known as Guatemala City . Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) in purchasing power parity ( PPP ) in 2010 was estimated at $ 70.15 billion USD . The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 63 % , followed by the industry sector at 23.8 % and the agriculture sector at 13.2 % ( 2010 est. ) . Mines produce gold , silver , zinc , cobalt and nickel . The agricultural sector accounts for about two-fifths of exports , and half of the labor force . Organic coffee , sugar , textiles , fresh vegetables , and bananas are the country 's main exports . Inflation was 3.9 % in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03c92f79c1bfbf26d8f430705e06f7a6",
"text": "Vladimir Golovanov Vladimir Semyonovich Golovanov ( Владимир Семёнович Голованов , born 29 November 1938 -- 2 August 2003 ) was a Russian weightlifter who won a gold medal at the 1964 Summer Olympics . Between 1963 and 1968 he set five official world records , all in the press . Golovanov took weightlifting in 1957 while serving with the Soviet Army in the Russian Far East . He had his best achievements in 1964 -- 1965 , when he won two medals at the Olympics and world championships and set three world records . In 1965 he was injured and recovered only by 1968 , when he won a Soviet heavyweight title and set his last world record . He retired in 1972 , after finished third at the national championships , and later coached weightlifters in Khabarovsk . In 1985 he became president of the Russian Far East weightlifting federation , and from 1998 until his death headed a sport school in Khabarovsk .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3f754a532e7635a50a4856157781d45d | Bryan Cranston was not directed by Jay Roach. | [
{
"docid": "fe4b8a1b6cd1a3b67031f0c3477d0fa9",
"text": "All the Way (film) All the Way is a 2016 American HBO biographical TV drama film based on events of the presidency of Lyndon B. Johnson , directed by Jay Roach and adapted by Robert Schenkkan from his play with the same title . The film stars Bryan Cranston , who reprises his role as Johnson from the play 's 2014 Broadway production , opposite Melissa Leo as First Lady Lady Bird Johnson ; Anthony Mackie as Civil Rights Movement leader Martin Luther King , Jr. ; and Frank Langella as US Senator Richard Russell Jr. , from Georgia . The film was broadcast on HBO on May 21 , 2016 . The film was well received by critics , with Cranston 's portrayal of Johnson garnering praise . It has been nominated for a Television Critics Association Award for Outstanding Achievement in Movies , Miniseries and Specials , with Cranston also nominated for Individual Achievement in Drama for his work on the film . It got nominated for eight Primetime Emmy Awards , including Outstanding Television Movie as well as acting nominations for Cranston and Leo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c5abea2f251fea244305fd81d40e4d6",
"text": "Bryan Cranston Bryan Lee Cranston ( born March 7 , 1956 ) is an American actor , voice actor , screenwriter , director and producer . He is best known for portraying Walter White on the AMC crime drama series Breaking Bad , Hal on the Fox comedy series Malcolm in the Middle , and Dr. Tim Whatley in five episodes of the NBC comedy series Seinfeld . For Breaking Bad , Cranston won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series four times ( 2008 -- 2010 , 2014 ) , including three consecutive wins ( the second time in television history after Bill Cosby in I Spy during the 1960s ) . After becoming one of the producers of Breaking Bad in 2011 , he also won the award for Outstanding Drama Series twice . Cranston was also nominated three times for the Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series for his role in Malcolm in the Middle . His role in Breaking Bad also earned him five Golden Globe nominations and one win in 2014 , nine Screen Actors Guild Awards nominations with four wins , and six Satellite Awards nominations with four wins . In June 2014 , he won a Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play for his portrayal of Lyndon B. Johnson in the play All the Way on Broadway . He reprised his role in the television film of the same name , which debuted on HBO in May 2016 . For the film Trumbo ( 2015 ) , he received widespread acclaim and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Cranston has directed episodes of various television series , including seven episodes of Malcolm in the Middle , three episodes of Breaking Bad , two episodes of Modern Family and one episode of The Office . He has also appeared in several acclaimed films such as Saving Private Ryan ( 1998 ) , Little Miss Sunshine ( 2006 ) , Drive ( 2011 ) , Argo ( 2012 ) and Godzilla ( 2014 ) . In 2015 , Cranston , together with David Shore , executive produced and wrote the story for the Amazon Studios original crime drama Sneaky Pete , the pilot episode of which aired on August 7 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f51039df26821540d8800352220ecf2a",
"text": "Trumbo (2015 film) Trumbo is a 2015 American biographical drama film directed by Jay Roach and written by John McNamara . The film stars Bryan Cranston , Diane Lane , Helen Mirren , Louis C.K. , Elle Fanning , John Goodman and Michael Stuhlbarg . The film follows the life of Hollywood screenwriter Dalton Trumbo and is based on the biography Dalton Trumbo by Bruce Alexander Cook . The film was shown in the Special Presentations section of the 2015 Toronto International Film Festival on September 12 , 2015 , and was released on November 6 , 2015 , by Bleecker Street . The film received generally positive reviews , with lead actor Bryan Cranston nominated for several awards , including the Academy Award for Best Actor , but has also been criticized for historical inaccuracies and misportrayals of people and events .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "76358cb41cf45a14d9728666eaf7eb86",
"text": "Bryan Brinkman Bryan Brinkman is a cartoon animator from the United States of America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f5102a1f1069333825cd90b594ac17c",
"text": "King Cobra (2016 film) King Cobra is a 2016 American biographical crime-drama film about the life and early career of Brent Corrigan . It was directed by Justin Kelly and was based on the book Cobra Killer : Gay Porn , Murder , and the Manhunt to Bring the Killers to Justice by Andrew E. Stoner and Peter A. Conway . The film was released on October 21 , 2016 , by IFC Midnight .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "213b6ce9b8db7d7cdc1efd5a0d4cc1f3",
"text": "The Night Strangler (film) The Night Strangler is a television film which first aired on ABC on January 16 , 1973 as a sequel to The Night Stalker . The Night Strangler proved almost as popular as its predecessor garnering strong ratings and eventually prompting ABC to order a TV series ( neither writer Richard Matheson nor producer/director Dan Curtis was involved in the TV series ) . In the United States the TV movie ran ( without commercials ) approximately 74 minutes . ABC planned to release the film overseas as a theatrical release and had additional footage shot rounding out the movie to 90 minutes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a9daebf9acb23fbfbd0ace469ed11ff",
"text": "Cold Comes the Night Cold Comes the Night is a 2013 American crime thriller film directed by Tze Chun , who co-wrote the script with Oz Perkins and Nick Simon . It was released on September 20 , 2013 , in the UK and on January 10 , 2014 in the United States . The film stars Alice Eve , Bryan Cranston and Logan Marshall-Green . The film was produced by Mynette Louie and Trevor Sagan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68e471bf4fc3cf457bb6cd20f02104a2",
"text": "Tobe Sexton Tobe Sexton ( born September 6 , 1968 ) is an American actor and producer . Sexton was born in Fort Worth , Texas , he studied acting and directing for theatre as well as film at The California Institute of the Arts from which he earned a BFA . He appeared as Teen Freddy in Freddy 's Dead : The Final Nightmare . In 1995 Sexton co-founded the Bauhaus Film Group . Around 2000 he moved underground to Indie film and created The TCS or The Technological City State , Productions . Affiliates include The International High IQ Society , Mandalay Entertainment , Apogee Magic , the Entertainment Technology Center-USC as well as several indie production companies and filmmakers . Sexton produced the feature The Metrosexual .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c19ad8af815f192d114f9135c7eb0266",
"text": "Colin Crompton George Colin Crompton ( 22 June 1931 -- 24 August 1985 ) was an English stand-up comedian . Crompton was born in Manchester , Lancashire , and found fame on the Granada Television programme The Comedians in the early 1970s . From 1974 to 1977 he was also the `` club chairman '' in another Granada programme , The Wheeltappers and Shunters Social Club . An attempt by producer Johnnie Hamp to reproduce the atmosphere of the working men 's clubs in a television studio , Crompton was famous for ringing a hand-operated fire alarm bell and telling the audience to `` give order '' when making announcements from `` the committee '' in between acts . He wrote his own scripts , with occasional additions by Neil Shand . The MC for the show , Bernard Manning , claimed he was cast in the role because he `` had been on The Comedians and he had that gormless look about him so he was ideal . '' According to Johnnie Hamp : `` Colin was criticised by real club chairmen for the way he acted . One actual club chairman wanted to appear and have it out with him on the show . He came along and met Colin , who was dressed in a very good suit , very smart , and here was this man looking more of a caricature than Colin ever did . '' Later , Crompton also had a small role as ` Roughage ' in the film Confessions from a Holiday Camp in 1977 . A favourite moment during The Wheeltappers and Shunters Social Club was when he rang his bell to interrupt ventriloquist Ray Alan halfway through his act : '' ... excuse me Mr. Allen we 've had some complaints that they ca n't quite hear you at the back . Could you hold your dummy a little closer to the microphone please ? '' This particular joke , like the character of the club chairman itself , owed a heavy debt to the comedian Norman Collier . In later life Crompton bought and ran a pub called the Birch and Bottle in Whitley , Cheshire . He died of lung cancer at the age of 54 . He was survived by his three children , Cheryl , Erica and John .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12ed01cfca43018e6838521bf96aff3f",
"text": "Mr. Saturday Night Mr. Saturday Night is a 1992 American comedy-drama film that marks the directorial debut of its star , Billy Crystal . It focuses on the rise and fall of Buddy Young Jr. , a stand-up comedian . Crystal produced and co-wrote the screenplay with the writing duo Babaloo Mandel and Lowell Ganz . It was filmed from November 1991 to March 1992 and released on September 23 , 1992 , by Columbia Pictures . Co-star David Paymer received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . The opening title sequence was designed by Elaine and Saul Bass . The film is based on the Saturday Night Live Weekend Update sketch in which Billy Crystal plays Buddy Young Jr. reviewing a restaurant he went to .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4269a721f6747475909d5ba9bb2d6001",
"text": "Cris Cole Cris Cole is a British writer and producer , born in Wallingford , England . He grew up in London and attended Elliott Comprehensive School in Roehampton , London . After leaving school he worked as a professional guitarist for the next 15 years , playing in bands including Jimmy The Hoover , The Directions and The Hollywood Killers . Cole then turned to writing and wrote a pilot for Tiger Aspect / BBC , called Embassy , starring Robert Daws . Cole has multiple other TV credits , including episodes of Night and Day , Twisted Tales and The Bill , feature film credits , including Lovebite ( Ecosse Films , 2012 ) and Pelican Blood ( Ecosse Films , 2010 ) , as well as the TV movie The Good Times Are Killing Me ( Shaftersbury Films , 2009 ) . Cole is best known as the creator of the award-winning and the BAFTA nominated British TV series Mad Dogs , starring Marc Warren , Max Beesley , John Simm and Phil Glenister . He was the sole writer of all 14 episodes for the four UK seasons for Sky TV , produced by Left Bank Pictures . Cole was the executive producer and showrunner on the Mad Dogs U.S. television series made by Amazon Studios/Sony Pictures Television . The show was streamed on Amazon in the US , Germany and the UK . Sony sold Mad Dogs to 140 other territories . The series starred Ben Chaplin , Michael Imperioli , Romany Malco , Steve Zahn and Billy Zane . Producers of Amazon 's adaptation of Mad Dogs toyed with the idea of having the killer wear a Donald Trump mask . In the original British series , the killer wears a Tony Blair mask . `` We thought about who it could be and went through various machinations and various ideas we realized would get us into terrible trouble , '' original Brit series creator Cris Cole told TV critics this morning at TCA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e47c4a421c8080fa3941fa0c71d5f58",
"text": "The Kitchen (2012 film) The Kitchen is a 2012 American independent comedy-drama film directed by Ishai Setton , written by Jim Beggarly , and starring Laura Prepon , Bryan Greenberg , and Dreama Walker . The film was shot in Los Angeles , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2f2fe1adea0e49dd30a09196fa86e77",
"text": "7 Minutes 7 Minutes is a 2014 American crime thriller drama film , written and directed by Jay Martin . The film stars Luke Mitchell , Jason Ritter , Leven Rambin , Zane Holtz , Kevin Gage , Brandon Hardesty , Joel Murray and Kris Kristofferson , and follows three high school friends , who are forced to commit a brazen robbery which quickly goes horribly wrong . It received its world premiere on October 26 , 2014 at the Austin Film Festival , and then premiered at the Sarasota Film Festival on April 16 , 2015 . The film received a limited release and through video-on-demand on June 26 , 2015 by Starz Distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1",
"text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37416c10e912cf41a94cfedbbef2525d",
"text": "Jay Wade Edwards Jay Wade Edwards ( born September 12 , 1968 ) is an American film director and editor . Edwards ' filmmaking career began when he wrote , directed , and edited three short science fiction films -- Mountain of Terror Day of Dread ( 1998 ) , Project : Tiki Puka Puka ( 1999 ) , and Esta Noche We Ride ! ( 2001 ) -- known collectively as The Monster Trilogy . The Monster Trilogy has been shown at film festivals in Liverpool , England ; Ontario , Canada ; and Austin , Texas . Edwards has overseen promotion for the film , which has received positive reviews . Edwards co-produced and edited Y’ all Come ! The Hell Hole Swamp Festival , a 2002 documentary profiling Jamestown , South Carolina , home of the annual Hell Hole Swamp Festival . The film has screened in ten film festivals , including The Rural Route Film Festival in New York City , The Maryland Film Festival , and Detroit Docs , receiving two Best-of awards . The beach-party rock - 'n' - roll monster movie Stomp ! Shout ! Scream ! , Edwards 's first feature film as writer/director , premiered at the Austin Film Festival in October 2005 to more good reviews . The film has gone on to screen at more than twenty film festivals . Awards include Best Feature Film at the Toofy Film Festival and The Magnolia Independent Film Festival , and nominations for Best Cinematography and Best Set Design at the B-movie Film Festival . A professional television and film editor since 1991 , Edwards is the senior editor and producer of the animated series Aqua Teen Hunger Force for Cartoon Network 's Adult Swim and the feature Aqua Teen Hunger Force Colon Movie Film for Theaters . Edwards 's television credits also include documentaries for CNN and TBS , Cartoon Network 's Space Ghost Coast to Coast , and numerous promotional campaigns .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1333396c5c79152a8a6bf303e0e30095",
"text": "The Texas Chainsaw Massacre (2003 film) The Texas Chainsaw Massacre is a 2003 American slasher film , and a remake of The Texas Chain Saw Massacre . The fifth entry in the Texas Chainsaw Massacre franchise , the film was directed by Marcus Nispel , written by Scott Kosar , and produced by Michael Bay . It was also co-produced by Kim Henkel and Tobe Hooper , co-creators of the original 1974 film . TCM is the first of many horror remakes to come from Michael Bay 's Platinum Dunes production company which also released the remakes The Amityville Horror , The Hitcher , Friday the 13th , and A Nightmare on Elm Street . Though met with negative reception from critics , the film was well received by fans , and grossed $ 107 million worldwide above its $ 9.5 million budget , making it a strong financial success . A prequel was released in 2006 , titled The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22858b41e47d577c42e869176a98316e",
"text": "Bigfoot: The Unforgettable Encounter Bigfoot : The Unforgettable Encounter is a 1995 American independent family film about the legendary creature Bigfoot and a young boy he befriends . The film was written and directed by Corey Michael Eubanks and stars Zachery Ty Bryan as the young boy Cody and Gary Maloncon as Bigfoot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56e7f373df517aabc0103d6549e7f95c",
"text": "Drumline: A New Beat Drumline : A New Beat is a 2014 American television film directed by Bille Woodruff . It is the sequel to 2002 's Drumline . The screenplay , a fictional story about a historically black college marching band , was written by Karen Gist and Regina Hicks . The story is about a young drummer from New York , played by Alexandra Shipp , who enters the fictional Atlanta A&T University and bumps heads with the leader of her new school 's drum section . Jordan Calloway , Mario Van Peebles , and LeToya Luckett co-star . Leonard Roberts reprises his role as Sean Taylor , while Nick Cannon reprise his role as Devon Miles . Cannon also serves as the film 's executive producer . The film was released to DVD on March 3 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85bd790a83336a2c5a265a353bd9c5ef",
"text": "The Croods The Croods is a 2013 American 3D computer-animated adventure comedy film produced by DreamWorks Animation and distributed by 20th Century Fox . It stars the voices of Nicolas Cage , Emma Stone , Ryan Reynolds , Catherine Keener , Clark Duke , and Cloris Leachman . The film is set in a fictional prehistoric Pliocene era known as `` The Croodaceous '' ( a prehistoric period which contains fictional prehistoric creatures ) when a caveman 's position as a `` Leader of the Hunt '' is threatened by the arrival of a prehistoric genius who comes up with revolutionary new inventions as they trek through a dangerous but exotic land in search of a new home . The Croods was written and directed by Kirk DeMicco and Chris Sanders , and produced by Kristine Belson and Jane Hartwell . The film premiered at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival on February 15 , 2013 , and was released in the United States on March 22 , 2013 . As part of the distribution deal , this is the first film from DreamWorks Animation to be distributed by 20th Century Fox , since the end of their distribution deal with Paramount Pictures . The Croods received generally positive reviews , and proved to be a box office success , earning more than $ 587 million on a budget of $ 135 million . The film launched a new franchise , with a television series , Dawn of the Croods , which debuted on December 24 , 2015 , on Netflix . A sequel was announced for a 2018 release , but was later cancelled .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8",
"text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab38fc0a9931ba848422b711734482bc",
"text": "They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults . The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62ec759bac6643768b991af393f2d1ae",
"text": "Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( -LSB- ˈkraɪtən -RSB- October 23 , 1942 -- November 4 , 2008 ) was an American best-selling author , screenwriter , film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction , medical fiction and thriller genres . His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide , and many have been adapted into films . In 1994 , Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in U.S. television ( ER ) , film ( Jurassic Park ) , and book sales ( Disclosure ) . His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology . His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature , often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it , especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology . Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings , reflecting his medical training and science background . He wrote , among other works , The Andromeda Strain ( 1969 ) , Congo ( 1980 ) , Sphere ( 1987 ) , Travels ( 1988 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1990 ) , Rising Sun ( 1992 ) , Disclosure ( 1994 ) , The Lost World ( 1995 ) , Airframe ( 1996 ) , Timeline ( 1999 ) , Prey ( 2002 ) , State of Fear ( 2004 ) , Next ( 2006 ; the final book published before his death ) , Pirate Latitudes ( 2009 ) , an unfinished techno-thriller , Micro , which was published in November 2011 , and Dragon Teeth , a historical novel set during the `` Bone Wars '' , published worldwide in May 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3d1122a3050dc5c6268f98d1229a1786 | Stanley Kubrick's films were edited by himself. | [
{
"docid": "1f9c95a1b3bfe575b2e328c19f74c7b2",
"text": "Stanley Kubrick Stanley Kubrick ( -LSB- ˈkuːbrɪk -RSB- July 26 , 1928 -- March 7 , 1999 ) was an American film director , screenwriter , producer , cinematographer , editor , and photographer . He is frequently cited as one of the greatest and most influential directors in cinematic history . His films , which are mostly adaptations of novels or short stories , cover a wide range of genres , and are noted for their realism , dark humor , unique cinematography , extensive set designs , and evocative use of music . Kubrick was born and raised in the Bronx , New York City , and attended William Howard Taft High School from 1941 to 1945 . Although he only received average grades , Kubrick displayed a keen interest in literature , photography , and film from a young age , and taught himself all aspects of film production and directing after graduating from high school . After working as a photographer for Look magazine in the late 1940s and early 1950s , he began making short films on a shoestring budget , and made his first major Hollywood film , The Killing , for United Artists in 1956 . This was followed by two collaborations with Kirk Douglas , the war picture Paths of Glory ( 1957 ) and the historical epic Spartacus ( 1960 ) . His reputation as a filmmaker in Hollywood grew , and he was approached by Marlon Brando to film what would become One-Eyed Jacks ( 1961 ) , though Brando eventually decided to direct it himself . Creative differences arising from his work with Douglas and the film studios , a dislike of Hollywood , and a growing concern about crime in America prompted Kubrick to move to the United Kingdom in 1961 , where he spent most of the remainder of his life and career . His home at Childwickbury Manor in Hertfordshire , which he shared with his wife Christiane , became his workplace , where he did his writing , research , editing , and management of production details . This allowed him to have almost complete artistic control over his films , but with the rare advantage of having financial support from major Hollywood studios . His first British productions were two films with Peter Sellers , Lolita ( 1962 ) and Dr. Strangelove ( 1964 ) . A demanding perfectionist , Kubrick assumed control over most aspects of the filmmaking process , from direction and writing to editing , and took painstaking care with researching his films and staging scenes , working in close coordination with his actors and other collaborators . He often asked for several dozen retakes of the same scene in a movie , which resulted in many conflicts with his casts . Despite the resulting notoriety among actors , many of Kubrick 's films broke new ground in cinematography . The scientific realism and innovative special effects of 2001 : A Space Odyssey ( 1968 ) were without precedent in the history of cinema , and the film earned him his only personal Oscar , for Best Visual Effects . Steven Spielberg has referred to the film as his generation 's `` big bang '' , and it is regarded as one of the greatest films ever made . For the 18th-century period film Barry Lyndon ( 1975 ) , Kubrick obtained lenses developed by Zeiss for NASA , to film scenes under natural candlelight . With The Shining ( 1980 ) , he became one of the first directors to make use of a Steadicam for stabilized and fluid tracking shots . While many of Kubrick 's films were controversial and initially received mixed reviews upon release -- particularly A Clockwork Orange ( 1971 ) , which Kubrick pulled from circulation in the UK following a mass media frenzy -- most were nominated for Oscars , Golden Globes , or BAFTA Awards , and underwent critical reevaluations . His last film , Eyes Wide Shut , was completed shortly before his death in 1999 at the age of 70 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "020cf79591c81be4d9e4ad8a8ba2e308",
"text": "I Lost It at the Movies I Lost It at the Movies ( 1965 ) is Pauline Kael 's first collection of reviews , covering the years 1954 -- 1965 , which was published prior to her long stint at The New Yorker . As a result , the pieces in the book are culled from radio broadcasts that she did while she was at KPFA , as well as numerous periodicals , including Moviegoer , the Massachusetts Review , Sight and Sound , Film Culture , Film Quarterly and Partisan Review . It contains her negative review of the then widely acclaimed West Side Story , glowing reviews of other movies such as The Golden Coach and Seven Samurai , as well as longer polemical essays such as her largely negative critical responses to Siegfried Kracauer 's Theory of Film and Andrew Sarris 's Film Culture essay Notes on the Auteur Theory , 1962 . The book was a bestseller upon its first release , and is now published by Marion Boyars Publishers . Kael 's first book is characterized by an approach where she would often quote contemporary critics such as Bosley Crowther and Dwight Macdonald as a springboard to debunk their assertions while advancing her own ideas . This approach was later abandoned in her subsequent reviews , but is notably referred to in Macdonald 's book , Dwight Macdonald On Movies ( 1969 ) . When an interviewer asked her in later years as to what she had `` lost '' , as indicated in the title , Kael averred : `` There are so many kinds of innocence to be lost at the movies . '' It is the first in a series of titles of books that would have a deliberately erotic connotation , typifying the sensual relation Kael perceived herself as having with the movies , as opposed to the theoretical bent that some among her colleagues had .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27f701b9ff8d05f86b69dcf203532fad",
"text": "Intermediate film system The intermediate film system was a television process in which motion picture film was processed almost immediately after it was exposed in a camera , then scanned by a television scanner , and transmitted over the air . This system was used principally in Britain and Germany where television cameras were not sensitive enough to use reflected light , but could transmit a suitable image when a bright light was shown through motion picture film directly into the camera lens . John Logie Baird began developing the process in 1932 , borrowing the idea of Georg Oskar Schubert from his licensees in Germany , where it was demonstrated by Fernseh AG in 1932 and used for broadcasting in 1934 . The BBC used Baird 's version of the process during the first three months of its then - `` high-definition '' television service from November 1936 through January 1937 , and German television used it during broadcasts of the 1936 Summer Olympics . In both cases , intermediate film cameras alternated with newly introduced direct television cameras . The exposed film , either 35mm or 17.5 mm ( 35mm split in half , to save expense ) , travelled in a continuous band from the camera , usually atop a remote broadcast vehicle , into a machine that developed and fixed the image . The film was then run through a flying spot scanner ( so called because it moved a focused beam of light back and forth across the image ) , and electronically converted from a negative to a positive image . Depending on the equipment , the time from camera to scanner could be a minute or less . An optical soundtrack was recorded onto the film , between the perforations and the edge of the film , at the same time the image was taken to keep the sound and image in synchronization . The intermediate film system , with its expensive film usage and relatively immobile cameras , did have the advantage that it left a filmed record of the programme which could be rerun at a different time , with a better image quality than the later kinescope films , which were shot from a video monitor . Television tubes developed by Farnsworth and Zworykin in the United States , and by EMI in England , with much higher sensitivity to light , made the intermediate film system obsolete by 1937 . Film continued to be used for time-shifting and as a long-term storage until electronic video recorders were invented .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28c338353cd559de6b20a8e582e27f46",
"text": "Jean-Luc Godard Jean-Luc Godard ( -LSB- ʒɑ̃lyk ɡɔdaʁ -RSB- ; born 3 December 1930 ) is a French-Swiss film director , screenwriter and film critic . He is often identified with the 1960s French film movement La Nouvelle Vague , or `` New Wave '' . Like his New Wave contemporaries , Godard criticized mainstream French cinema 's `` Tradition of Quality '' , which `` emphasized craft over innovation , privileged established directors over new directors , and preferred the great works of the past to experimentation . '' As a result of such argument , he and like-minded critics started to make their own films . Many of Godard 's films challenge the conventions of traditional Hollywood in addition to French cinema . He is often considered the most radical French filmmaker of the 1960s and 1970s ; his approach in film conventions , politics and philosophies made him arguably the most influential director of the French New Wave . Along with showing knowledge of film history through homages and references , several of his films expressed his political views ; he was an avid reader of existential and Marxist philosophy . Since the New Wave , his politics have been much less radical and his recent films are about representation and human conflict from a humanist , and a Marxist perspective . In a 2002 Sight & Sound poll , Godard ranked third in the critics ' top-ten directors of all time ( which was put together by assembling the directors of the individual films for which the critics voted ) . He is said to have `` created one of the largest bodies of critical analysis of any filmmaker since the mid-twentieth century . '' He and his work have been central to narrative theory and have `` challenged both commercial narrative cinema norms and film criticism 's vocabulary . '' In 2010 , Godard was awarded an Academy Honorary Award , but did not attend the award ceremony . Godard 's films have inspired many directors including Martin Scorsese , Quentin Tarantino , Brian De Palma , Steven Soderbergh , D. A. Pennebaker , Robert Altman , Jim Jarmusch , Wong Kar-wai , Wim Wenders , Bernardo Bertolucci , and Pier Paolo Pasolini .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e028d34395e5a9c615206fcf8247bf0",
"text": "Herbert Mason Not to be confused with Herbert Mason the photographer who photographed St Paul 's Survives ( 1940 ) . Samuel George Herbert Mason ( 1891 -- 20 May 1960 ) was a British film director , producer , stage actor , army officer , presenter of some revues , stage manager , stage director , choreographer , production manager and playwright . He was a recipient of the Military Cross the prestigious award for `` gallantry during active operations against the enemy . '' He received the gallantry award for his part in the Battle of Guillemont where British troops defeated the Germans to take the German stronghold of Guillemont . Mason began his theatrical career at the age of 16 and appeared in several productions at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre including Barry Jackson 's The Christmas Party . During the 1920s he stage managed some of the largest shows in London ( including many of Andre Charlot 's musical revues ) and began his film career with the arrival of sound in motion pictures . Mason was the Assistant director for I Was a Spy , which was very successful in the box office and voted best film of the year . He made his debut as director in 1936 with The First Offence . His most prominent film was A Window in London a dark thriller set in the London Underground , which was a remake of the original French drama film Metropolitan . Another successful film included Take My Tip , in which he directed Jack Hulbert whose `` dances -LSB- were -RSB- beautifully staged . '' Several rising actors and actresses ( including Vivien Leigh ) made their film debuts in some of his films before they rose to prominence . He worked for several studios and production companies including Gaumont British , Gainsborough Pictures , London Films and MGM-British Studios . Mason directed 16 films ( from thrillers to comedies ) , moved into producing for the rest of his career and authored some plays with his wife Daisy Fisher , a novelist and playwright also with a background in theatre . His films were generally very well received , and some of them were marked out for the inventiveness of the plot , locations used for shooting and humour . Some of his films are remembered for introducing rising actors and actresses to the screen before they became famous .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a70cb99699eb62b3cd2715ab1efdd73d",
"text": "Anthony Frewin Anthony Edward Frewin ( born 1947 , in Kentish Town , London ) is a writer and erstwhile personal assistant to film director Stanley Kubrick ( from 1965 to 1968 , and from 1979 to 1999 ) . Frewin now represents the Stanley Kubrick Estate . His novel London Blues has been described as `` masterful '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc24aca1de49c2bb1213b0a4266f2f6f",
"text": "Independent Spirit Award for Best Editing The Independent Spirit Award for Best Editing is one of the annual awards given by Independent Spirit Awards , a non-profit organization dedicated to independent film and independent filmmakers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "885262934b2501d4cc2fbc70c8e96539",
"text": "Filmography and awards of Stanley Kubrick Stanley Kubrick directed 13 feature films and three short documentaries over the course of his career , from Day of the Fight in 1951 to Eyes Wide Shut in 1999 . Many of Kubrick 's films were nominated for Academy Awards or Golden Globes , but his only personal win of an Academy Award was for his work as director of special effects on 2001 : A Space Odyssey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "058cacfacfcf40551e7fca6948bb6f6f",
"text": "Tony Zierra Tony Zierra is an American director and producer . He has directed three movies : Carving Out Our Name , USA The Movie and My Big Break in which he also appeared . From an early age Zierra 's goal was to become a filmmaker . He attended film studies classes at NYU , Texas A&M and UCLA . His first documentary , Carving Out Our Name premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival to much acclaim . Shortly after , Zierra went on the road to capture America 's reaction to the September 11 attacks . The film that emerged , USA The Movie , explores the cyclical nature of violence and retaliation . The film was the subject of an in-depth analysis from a Deleuzian perspective by scholar and commentator Dion Dennis . Zierra 's award-winning documentary , My Big Break , is a cautionary tale about the darker side of celebrity and the consequences of fame that also includes his struggle to make his first film . My Big Break has received consistently strong reviews and has been repeatedly praised for its unusually candid look at the effects of success on young rising stars in Hollywood.http : / / staticmass.net/documentary/my-big-break-dvd-2011-review/http://www.theentertainmentcorner.com/2012/05/my-big-break-interview.html My Big Break won Best Documentary at the Boston Film Festival , Best Documentary at Artsfest , Pennsylvania , was nominated for Best Documentary at the Raindance Film Festival in London and was an official selection of The American Cinematic Experience Festival in New York . Zierra has been a featured speaker at The Popular Culture American Culture ( PCA/ACA ) national academic conference in New Orleans , PCA/ACA Southwest/Texas academic conference and the PCA/ACA national academic conference in Boston . Zierra is in production on the documentary SK13http : / / www.imdb.com/title/tt1562571/about the legendary filmmaker , Stanley Kubrick . His documentary '' Filmworker '' http://www.imdb.com/title/tt6851066/?ref_=nv_sr_1 about the life of Stanley Kubrick 's longtime assistant , Leon Vitali is part of the Cannes Film Festival Official Selection 2017 premiering in Cannes Classics http://www.festival-cannes.com/en/infos-communiques/communique/articles/cannes-classics-2017-1",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "383bd34e66ef3baafab261e30cb49dcc",
"text": "Peter Pitt Peter Pitt is a British film editor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec3b1ae747ee5465cba825940044a961",
"text": "Marcia Lucas Marcia Lou Lucas ( née Griffin ; born October 4 , 1945 ) is an Academy Award-winning American film editor who was most well known for her work on the early 1970s films of Martin Scorsese . Lucas won the Academy Award for Best Editing in 1977 for Star Wars , which was written and directed by her first husband , George Lucas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe91900ef60e2625a66a9f9c721378b2",
"text": "Frank Sullivan (film editor) Franklin Starbuck `` Frank '' Sullivan ( February 7 , 1896 -- September 30 , 1972 ) was an American film editor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a3fc8786895e87624acbf774f04f73e",
"text": "Film poster A film poster is a poster used to promote and advertise a film . Studios often print several posters that vary in size and content for various domestic and international markets . They normally contain an image with text . Today 's posters often feature photographs of the main actors . Prior to the 1990s , illustrations instead of photos were far more common . The text on film posters usually contains the film title in large lettering and often the names of the main actors . It may also include a tagline , the name of the director , names of characters , the release date , etc. . Film posters are displayed inside and on the outside of movie theaters , and elsewhere on the street or in shops . The same images appear in the film exhibitor 's pressbook and may also be used on websites , DVD ( and historically VHS ) packaging , flyers , advertisements in newspapers and magazines , etc. . Film posters have been used since the earliest public exhibitions of film . They began as outside placards listing the programme of ( short ) films to be shown inside the hall or movie theater . By the early 1900s , they began to feature illustrations of a film scene or an array of overlaid images from several scenes . Other posters have used artistic interpretations of a scene or even the theme of the film , represented in a wide variety of artistic styles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26e433214333cdf87506389a4a735aed",
"text": "Substitution splice The substitution splice is a cinematic special effect in which film makers achieve an appearance , disappearance , or transformation using a cut . It is sometimes also called the stop trick or the stop motion substitution , although the effect is achieved through film editing rather than by literally stopping the camera . The pioneering French filmmaker Georges Méliès claimed to have accidentally developed substitution splicing while filming street traffic at the Place de l'Opéra in Paris . According to his story , his camera jammed and stopped ; by the time he had solved the difficulty , the traffic had moved on . When the film was screened , a man appeared to change into a woman , and an omnibus seemed to turn into a hearse . No evidence has emerged to support this story , which was probably entirely invented by Méliès . According to the film scholar Jacques Deslandes , it is more likely that Méliès discovered the substitution splice by carefully examining a print of the Edison Manufacturing Company 's 1895 film The Execution of Mary Queen of Scots , in which a primitive version of the trick appears . In any case , the substitution splice was both the first special effect Méliès perfected , and the most important in his body of work . For some time , film theorists mistakenly believed that the camera was actually stopped for the effect , and then restarted ( hence the occasionally used term `` stop trick '' ) . However , later film historians such as Richard Abel and Elizabeth Ezra established that the effect was the result of Méliès 's careful frame matching during the editing process , creating a seamless match cut out of two separately staged shots . Indeed , Méliès often used substitution splicing not as an obvious special effect , but as an inconspicuous editing technique , matching and combining short takes into one apparently seamless longer shot . Substitution splicing could become even more seamless when the film was colored by hand , as many of Méliès 's films were ; the addition of painted color acts as a sleight of hand technique allowing the cuts to pass by unnoticed . The substitution splice was the most popular cinematic special effect in early film fantasies , especially those that evolved from the stage tradition of the féerie . Segundo de Chomón is among the other filmmakers who used substitution splicing to create elaborate fantasy effects . D.W. Griffith 's 1909 film The Curtain Pole , starring Mack Sennett , used substitution splices for comedic effect . The transformations made possible by the substitution splice were so central to early fantasy films that , in France , such films were often described simply as scènes à transformation . This technique is different from the stop motion technique , in which the entire shot is created frame by frame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94e16aaa02f650ade0def10c7afeb43c",
"text": "Ornette: Made in America Ornette : Made in America is a 1984 American documentary film directed and edited by Shirley Clarke that studies acclaimed saxophonist and free jazz innovator Ornette Coleman . The film does not chronicle the life of Coleman but rather emulates his freeform style by mixing together excerpts from performances , interviews , experimental music videos and reenactments of Coleman 's childhood . Included are interviews with and original footage of William S. Burroughs , Buckminster Fuller , Ed Blackwell , Robert Palmer , George Russell , John Rockwell , Don Cherry and Denardo Coleman . The film intercuts interviews , archive footage and psychedelic sequences around Coleman 's performance of Skies of America with the Fort Worth Symphony Orchestra at the city 's Convention Center . The opening of the now-defunct Caravan of Dreams nightclub serves as a catalyst for the film 's production , but Shirley Clarke had actually been working on the film for a span of over 20 years . The 1968 footage with Ornette , his young son , Denardo , and frequent collaborator Charlie Haden was filmed by Clarke for a separate film that never came to fruition . Ornette was Shirley Clarke 's last film and reintroduced her to the independent film and jazz music circuits that she had influenced during the 1960s . Clarke 's intrusive , fast cutting editing style and Kit Fitzgerald 's avant-garde music video work won the film praise . In late 2012 , Milestone Films rereleased Ornette in select theaters and distributed the restored film on DVD and Blu-ray . This is part of a greater effort on behalf of Milestone to rerelease all of Clarke 's old films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1ce680c7901eaa3b0e361c775d4ea7b",
"text": "William H. Reynolds William Henry Reynolds ( June 14 , 1910 -- July 16 , 1997 ) was an American film editor whose career spanned six decades . His credits include such notable films as The Sound of Music , The Godfather , The Sting , and The Turning Point . He also was associated with two of the most infamous projects in film history , Ishtar and Heaven 's Gate , which he executive produced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "013e3a2969fe4ac676b172d913553bf5",
"text": "John Huston John Marcellus Huston ( -LSB- ˈhjuːstən -RSB- August 5 , 1906 -- August 28 , 1987 ) was an American film director , screenwriter and actor . He wrote the screenplays for most of the 37 feature films he directed , many of which are today considered classics : The Maltese Falcon ( 1941 ) , The Treasure of the Sierra Madre ( 1948 ) , The Asphalt Jungle ( 1950 ) , The African Queen ( 1951 ) , The Misfits ( 1961 ) , Fat City ( 1972 ) and The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) . During his 46-year career , Huston received 15 Oscar nominations , won twice , and directed both his father , Walter Huston , and daughter , Anjelica Huston , to Oscar wins in different films . Huston was known to direct with the vision of an artist , having studied and worked as a fine art painter in Paris in his early years . He continued to explore the visual aspects of his films throughout his career : sketching each scene on paper beforehand , then carefully framing his characters during the shooting . While most directors rely on post-production editing to shape their final work , Huston instead created his films while they were being shot , making them both more economical and cerebral , with little editing needed . Most of Huston 's films were adaptations of important novels , often depicting a `` heroic quest , '' as in Moby Dick , or The Red Badge of Courage . In many films , different groups of people , while struggling toward a common goal , would become doomed , forming `` destructive alliances , '' giving the films a dramatic and visual tension . Many of his films involved themes such as religion , meaning , truth , freedom , psychology , colonialism and war . Before becoming a Hollywood filmmaker , he had been an amateur boxer , reporter , short-story writer , portrait artist in Paris , a cavalry rider in Mexico , and a documentary filmmaker during World War II . Huston has been referred to as `` a titan '' , `` a rebel '' , and a `` renaissance man '' in the Hollywood film industry . Author Ian Freer describes him as `` cinema 's Ernest Hemingway '' -- a filmmaker who was `` never afraid to tackle tough issues head on . '' Worked for Ethos Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab37a9c749f1976581ff354b4c148aa1",
"text": "Stanley Dorfman Stanley Dorfman is an English film director and producer . Dorfman was active in Great Britain throughout the 1960s and 1970s . He was the original co-producer and director for the TV music show Top Of The Pops and created and directed the BBC 's In Concert series . He later moved to the United States where he directed music videos by many major artists . Dorfman is currently based in Los Angeles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8678cfd4df9b27b96e6c1cc617019e7",
"text": "Stanley Kubrick: A Life in Pictures Stanley Kubrick : A Life in Pictures is a 2001 documentary about the life and work of Stanley Kubrick , famed film director , made by his long-time assistant and brother-in-law Jan Harlan . Its running time is 142 minutes long , it consists of several 15-minute chapters , each detailing the making of one of his films -- and two more showing his childhood and life . Jan Harlan managed to get many of Kubrick 's collaborators for interviews , including Tom Cruise , Nicole Kidman , Keir Dullea , Arthur C. Clarke , Malcolm McDowell , Peter Ustinov , Jack Nicholson , György Ligeti and Matthew Modine . It also has interviews from film directors who were inspired by Kubrick such as Woody Allen , Steven Spielberg , Martin Scorsese and Sydney Pollack . The film contains some rare footage , including from the Kubrick family home videos and on film sets , and clips from Fear and Desire - Kubrick 's first feature-length film . It was released on DVD on October 23 , 2007 , and was featured on the tenth disc of Stanley Kubrick : The Essential Collection and Stanley Kubrick : Limited Edition Collection DVD and Blu-ray released May 31 , 2011 , respectively . The documentary was also bundled in a box set of some of Kubrick 's other films released January 22 , 2008 . The soundtrack of the film is by composer and musician Jocelyn Pook , who had previously worked with Kubrick on Eyes Wide Shut .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f717bba101f4546006d304fde5bd51db | The Walt Disney Company does not own the Disney Channel. | [
{
"docid": "8fc49e31cacb2127d09daeba41ecbc21",
"text": "The Walt Disney Company The Walt Disney Company , commonly known as Disney , is an American diversified multinational mass media and entertainment conglomerate , headquartered at the Walt Disney Studios in Burbank , California . It is the world 's second largest media conglomerate in terms of revenue , after Comcast . Disney was founded on October 16 , 1923 -- by brothers Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney -- as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio , and established itself as a leader in the American animation industry before diversifying into live-action film production , television , and theme parks . The company also operated under the names The Walt Disney Studio and then Walt Disney Productions . Taking on its current name in 1986 , it expanded its existing operations and also started divisions focused upon theater , radio , music , publishing , and online media . In addition , Disney has since created corporate divisions in order to market more mature content than is typically associated with its flagship family-oriented brands . The company is best known for the products of its film studio , Walt Disney Studios , which is today one of the largest and best-known studios in American cinema . Disney 's other three main divisions are Walt Disney Parks and Resorts , Disney Media Networks , and Disney Consumer Products and Interactive Media . Disney also owns and operates the ABC broadcast television network ; cable television networks such as Disney Channel , ESPN , A+E Networks , and Freeform ; publishing , merchandising , music , and theatre divisions ; and owns and licenses 14 theme parks around the world . The company has been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average since May 6 , 1991 . Mickey Mouse , an early and well-known cartoon creation of the company , is a primary symbol and mascot for Disney .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac",
"text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "063d7ec0f20ad751c06b1585c6b0a98f",
"text": "Disney's Adventures of the Gummi Bears Disney 's Adventures of the Gummi Bears is a Disney animated television series that first aired in the United States from 1985 to 1991 . The series was the first animated production by Walt Disney Animation Television , and loosely inspired by the gummy bear candies ; Disney CEO Michael Eisner was struck with inspiration for the show when his son requested the candies one day . The series premiered on NBC on September 14 , 1985 , and aired there for four seasons . The series moved to ABC for one season from 1989 to 1990 ( airing alongside The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh as the Gummi Bears-Winnie the Pooh Hour ) , and concluded on September 6 , 1991 as part of the Disney Afternoon television syndication package . Of the series ' 65 shows , 30 were double-features , consisting of two 11-minute cartoons , thereby bringing the series total to 94 distinct episodes overall . The show is well-remembered for its theme music , written by Michael and Patty Silversher and creation of `` gummiberry juice '' which was a type of magic potion , granting abilities , which allowed them to bounce away from their hunters . The theme was memorably performed by Joseph Williams , son of composer John Williams and one-time lead singer of Toto . The series was later rebroadcast on the syndicated Disney Afternoon block , and rerun on the Disney Afternoon through the summer of 1991 . In later years , it was shown on The Disney Channel ( from October 7 , 1991 to at least January 1997 ) , and later on Toon Disney , with its most recent televised airing occurring on December 28 , 2001 . Seasons 1 to 3 of the series were released on DVD on November 14 , 2006 featuring commentary from producers Eric Wong and Daniel Weinstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c50b0bfbf5ed4fa084f8cfbb70a5bd7b",
"text": "List of Disney live-action shorts This is a listing of live-action motion picture shorts produced by Walt Disney or The Walt Disney Company , from 1921 to the present . This list only includes shorts which were initially released as individual shorts , which excludes the shorts that were originally released as part of Disney features in the 1950s and later re-released as individual shorts . This list also does not include shorts that do not contain any original stock footage . This list includes shorts with both live action and animation only if the majority of the short contains live action . This list does not include any trailers as they are usually edited from the features they are supposed to promote .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1345fa0f325b226ad6f23a1ce07c8a73",
"text": "Donald Duck universe The Donald Duck universe is a fictional shared universe which is the setting of stories involving Disney cartoon character Donald Duck , as well as Daisy Duck , Huey , Dewey , and Louie , Scrooge McDuck , and many other characters . The world is a part of the Mickey Mouse universe , but is more detailed . Life in the Donald Duck universe centers on the city of Duckburg , usually located in the fictional U.S. state of Calisota , analogous to Northern California . The world also incorporates several other real and fictional locations , as well as historical figures and a fictional timeline , which is followed with varying degrees of consistency . Disney comics are the primary medium for Donald Duck stories . Contributors include Americans Carl Barks , Ted Osborne , Don Rosa , Tony Strobl , Al Taliaferro , and William Van Horn , as well as Italians Giovan Battista Carpi , Marco Rota , and Romano Scarpa . Other media includes short films in the Donald Duck series , children 's books such as Little Big Books and Little Golden Books , television series such as DuckTales ( 1987 -- 1990 ) and Darkwing Duck ( 1991 -- 1992 ) , and video games such as QuackShot ( 1991 ) , Goin ' Quackers ( 2000 ) , and DuckTales : Remastered ( 2013 ) . `` Donald Duck universe '' is not an official Disney term , but is sometimes used by fans . Don Rosa has also used the terms Barks Universe and Italian Duck Universe to describe different versions of the world 's continuity . The terms `` Barksian '' or `` Barksian facts '' has also been used to describe the canon of the Donald Duck universe , as many comic book creators and fans only consider the stories by Carl Barks as factual , since he is the creator of many of its major characters , locations and ideas . Don Rosa is an example of this when creating his comic book series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck , with most of his stories being based on the works by Barks . Additionally , the stories by Al Taliaferro and Ted Osborne are also considered canon by many fans , being that they are the creators of Huey , Dewey and Louie and Grandma Duck , and part of their work precedes Barks ' work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22",
"text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86d8073b3544f3f2f4864a5077d541c9",
"text": "Multi-Choice TV (Barbados) Multi-Choice TV ( MCTV ) is a television service provider in Barbados . It is a Multichannel Multipoint Distribution Service ( MMDS ) or DVB-C wireless microwave-based broadcast subscription television provider . They offer a variety of packages which can be considered as comparatively priced to similar providers throughout the world . The service began operating on December 14 , 1987 under the name Subscription Television ( STV ) , which had very few channels offered . The main channels were CNN , ESPN , and Lifetime Television , with an occasional option of pay per view ( PPV ) being offered for local special events and the occasional international PPV sports broadcast . In 1996 it was upgraded to include a new platform called Multi-Choice TV which was an analog wireless microwave broadcast offering many more channels ( e.g. , BBC , Canada 's CBC , TBN ) eventually maxing the bandwidth capacity and having to upgrade the service to a digital broadcast system . Multi-Choice TV have not fully converted all of its subscribers yet . The system relies on line-of-sight propagation so total island wide coverage have proved to be a problem and the provider is looking into alternatives . A recent press release have indicated their interest in a partnership with the local telco LIME . From 1 September 2008 MCTV replaced the Travel Channel on 511 ( part of the High Flyer package ) by Setanta Sports . The service uses a Yagi antenna to receive the encrypted broadcast , which in turn is then decrypted by the provider 's set top box . The provider now has the problem of signal theft by pirates using modified DVB-C compatible receivers and PCI cards with the most popular being the `` Dreambox '' manufactured in Germany to decode their signal which is based on Nagravision which is a conditional access control system developed by the Kudelski Group . In order to prevent such activity in August , 2006 the Government of Barbados stiffened the local Barbadian copyright laws , in addition to a strengthening of the laws on cable TV piracy . The CBC provider is planning for further circumvention of the Dream boxes in 2009 . In 2014 MCTV have gone through a massive upgrade of improving their services by including new channels such as MovieCity Action and Hollywood , AMC , KTLA , WGN , Disney , NBC Sports network etc. . Also MCTV have upgraded their systems to 20 stunning HD channels such as ABC , NBC , CBS & FOX and have also added new PVR boxes . MCTV new slogan is MCTV the Right Choice and are increasing their channel line ups and packaging for their loyal customers in Barbados . MCTV is still the number 1 provider in Barbados but they have competition from Lime Barbados and Flow , but the advantage MCTV has is , it does not depend on the internet to provide single for their customers and when there is rainy and cloudy condition MCTV still provides good service . Multi-Choice TV also competes against the US-based direct broadcast satellite ( DBS ) service provider DirecTV in Barbados . The service uses the NTSC television format .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87708aed3d97ac96f2383fe52e4dd72d",
"text": "Le Disney Channel Le Disney Channel was a French programming block on FR3 ( now France 3 , the second largest French public television channel and part of the France Télévisions group ) from January 26 , 1985 until December 31 , 1988 . The block 's runtime was 8:35 pm -- 10:00 pm ( UTC +1 ) on Saturday nights . On January 7 , 1989 , it was replaced with a cartoon-based block named Samdynamite .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d777eb65afbf1b885ede198eee73ad2",
"text": "TBS Television is a television station in Kantō region , wholly owned by Tokyo Broadcasting System Holdings . It has a 28-affiliate news network called Japan News Network ( JNN ) . TBS produced the Takeshi 's Castle game show , which is dubbed and rebroadcast internationally . The channel is also home to Ultraman and the Ultra Series franchise from 1966 onwards -- itself a spinoff to Ultra Q , co-produced and broadcast in the same year -- and its spinoffs , most if not all made by Tsuburaya Productions for the network . On May 24 2017 , Six major media firms , including TBS , officially announced they will jointly establish a new company in July 2017 to offer paid online video services . TBS Holdings will become the largest shareholder of the new company , Premium Platform Japan , with a 31.5 percent stake . An official from TBS Holdings will become the new company 's president .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514",
"text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa",
"text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "290759ae97a636557d9eab7656bd06f4",
"text": "D-TV D-TV is a series of music videos created by Walt Disney Productions in 1984 . Disney combined hit songs from the past with footage of vintage Disney animation , created in the style of MTV music videos , which inspired the name of this series . The videos were shown as filler material on the Disney Channel ( as the network did not air commercials at this time ) , as well as being the focus of television specials . Home video collections were also released on the VHS , Beta , CED Videodisc , and Laserdisc formats . After the first run of D-TV , in 1989 a second series was produced known as DTV ² . The show 's main title theme song is `` RPM '' from Larry Owens for the Network Music Library . D-TV ceased airing in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1e4a64da787d9c7f851963bef2411d2",
"text": "Disney–ABC Domestic Television Disney -- ABC Domestic Television , also operating as ABC Syndication ( formerly known as Buena Vista Television and also known as Disney Domestic Television and Disney-ABC Home Entertainment and Television Distribution ) , is the in-home sales and content distribution firm of the Disney -- ABC Television Group , a division of The Walt Disney Company . Content distribution responsibilities include domestic television syndication , domestic pay TV , Internet and cable video-on-demand ( VOD ) , and pay-per-view outlets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52a0cef3c12503f0c207fc6d2e4b8687",
"text": "BBC Entertainment BBC Entertainment is an international television channel broadcasting comedy , drama , light entertainment , reality and children 's programming ( some regions only ) from the BBC , Channel 4 and other UK production houses . The channel broadcasts regional versions to suit local demands and replaces BBC Prime . It is wholly owned by BBC Worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fdd0aea6c2c3d6e661e2b3b407e2b203",
"text": "SuperChannel SuperChannel , Super Channel or Super-channel may refer to : Television channels : Super Channel ( Canada ) , a Canadian pay channel established in November 2007 Movie Central , the western Canadian pay channel known as `` Superchannel '' until 2001 ; ceased operations in 2016 . Related to the above in name only , although both incarnations were established by the same organization The Movie Network , a separate Canadian ( formerly Eastern Canada only ) pay channel known as `` First Choice Superchannel '' in the mid-1980s ; related to the above in name only NBC Europe , the defunct European satellite television channel known as `` Super Channel '' or `` NBC Super Channel '' WACX , a religious TV station in Orlando , Florida that uses the SuperChannel branding Super ! drama TV , a Japanese TV Channel formerly known as Super Channel ( or Super Channel Japan ) Super Channel ( Fiji ) Technology : Super-channel , a type of combined networking channel in Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bf49f4fd331ffb611d4eb8ae0520a0f",
"text": "Walt Disney World Dolphin The Walt Disney World Dolphin is a resort hotel designed by architect Michael Graves located between Epcot and Disney 's Hollywood Studios in the Walt Disney World Resort in Bay Lake , Florida , next to Disney 's BoardWalk Resort area . It opened on June 1 , 1990 and is joined to its sister hotel , the Walt Disney World Swan ( also designed by Graves ) by a palm-tree lined covered walkway crossing a lagoon . The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin is a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company , Tishman Hotel Corporation , MetLife and Starwood Hotels and Resorts . The land the resort occupies is owned by the Walt Disney Company , while the buildings themselves are leased by Disney to the Tishman Hotel Corporation and MetLife but operated by Starwood Hotels & Resorts Worldwide under the Sheraton Hotels brand . The Walt Disney World Swan and Dolphin are a part of the Walt Disney Collection of resorts ; because of this they are Disney branded and guests of the resort have access to special Disney benefits available to Disney Resort Hotel guests only . The Dolphin and Swan share similar elements , but each has a distinctive appearance . The Dolphin is composed of a 257 ft tall triangular tower bisecting a 12-story rectangular mass with four 9-story wings on the Swan-side of the structure . The roof of each half of the main mass is adorned with a 56 ft tall Dolphin statue . On the main colored facade there is a turquoise banana-leaf pattern echoed by a similar wave pattern on the Swan . The statues on top of the Dolphin hotel are not mammalian dolphins , but a stylized version of a nautical dolphin , a common symbol used on old world nautical maps . The design of the creatures is based on Triton Fountain in Rome . In 2008 , The Walt Disney Dolphin Resort was awarded a One Palm Designation through the Florida Green Lodging Program established by the Florida Department of Environmental Protection . The Florida Green Lodging Program is a voluntary state initiative that provides the lodging industry with free technical assistance , encouraging hotels and motels to adopt cost-saving `` green '' practices that reduce waste , conserve natural resources and improve the bottom line .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4043d693137230c51ee15a168a22b680",
"text": "White spaces (radio) In telecommunications , white spaces refer to frequencies allocated to a broadcasting service but not used locally . National and international bodies assign different frequencies for specific uses , and in most cases license the rights to broadcast over these frequencies . This frequency allocation process creates a bandplan , which for technical reasons assigns white space between used radio bands or channels to avoid interference . In this case , while the frequencies are unused , they have been specifically assigned for a purpose , such as a guard band . Most commonly however , these white spaces exist naturally between used channels , since assigning nearby transmissions to immediately adjacent channels will cause destructive interference to both . In addition to white space assigned for technical reasons , there is also unused radio spectrum which has either never been used , or is becoming free as a result of technical changes . In particular , the switchover to digital television frees up large areas between about 50 MHz and 700 MHz . This is because digital transmissions can be packed into adjacent channels , while analog ones can not . This means that the band can be `` compressed '' into fewer channels , while still allowing for more transmissions . In the United States , the abandoned television frequencies are primarily in the upper UHF `` 700-megahertz '' band , covering TV channels 52 to 69 ( 698 to 806 MHz ) . U.S. television and its white spaces will continue to exist in UHF frequencies , as well as VHF frequencies for which mobile users and white-space devices require larger antennas . In the rest of the world , the abandoned television channels are VHF , and the resulting large VHF white spaces are being reallocated for the worldwide ( except the U.S. ) digital radio standard DAB and DAB + , and DMB .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0681c2a694ca75977a9654a12a50719",
"text": "TeenNick TeenNick is an American digital cable and satellite television channel that is owned by Nickelodeon Group , a unit of the Viacom Media Networks division of Viacom . The channel features a mix of original programming , Nickelodeon-produced series , and acquired programs geared towards pre-teens and teenagers . The channel was originally known as TEENick from March 4 , 2001 ( when it originally launched as a program block on Nickelodeon ) to February 1 , 2009 , and The N from April 1 , 2002 , ( when it originally launched as a program block on Noggin ( now Nick Jr. ) ) to September 28 , 2009 . TeenNick 's name was taken from the former `` TEENick '' program block , which aired on parent channel Nickelodeon from 2001 to 2009 . As of February 2015 , TeenNick is available to approximately 72.3 million pay television households ( 62.1 % of households with television ) in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "593040108712bcae74772a1eca6b5d21",
"text": "Fox (Finland) Fox ( formerly SuomiTV ) is a Finnish entertainment TV channel owned and produced by Fox Networks Group ( FNG ) Nordic . The channel was acquired by FNG Nordic in January 2012 , and then relaunched as the current incarnation on 16 April that year . Fox is freely available in Finland both over-the-air and through cable , as it bases its funding on television advertisements . It is FIC Nordic 's first channel that does not operate on subscriber fees . The channel provides a free catch up service through its online platform FOXPlay",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6171ad9e66b5b119b5b4b469735fe8ca",
"text": "The Walt Disney Company CIS The Walt Disney Company CIS , LLC is one of The Walt Disney Company 's international divisions . The Walt Disney Company CIS was founded in April 2006 . It is headquartered in Moscow , the capital of Russia . In 2007 , Walt Disney Company CIS and Sony Pictures Russia created the joint venture of Walt Disney Studios Sony Pictures Releasing CIS . The company owns and operates Russian versions of Disney Channel and Playhouse Disney . Disney Channel was originally planned to launch in 2009 , but a Disney Americas deal with Media-One Holdings was denied by Russian authorities . The Walt Disney Company CIS produced the film The Book of Masters . Marina Zhigalova-Ozkan is head of The Walt Disney Company CIS . The Walt Disney Company CIS planned to make two new films in the summer of 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "521bfcee6dd2104f540fe958d07be9f2",
"text": "Flix (TV network) Flix is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by the Showtime Networks , Inc. subsidiary of CBS Corporation . Its programming consists solely of theatrically released feature films released from the 1970s to the present day , interspersed with some films from the 1950s and 1960s . It is the only premium television service in the United States that does not operate any multiplex channels that provide additional programming alongside the main service . Although Flix is typically offered as part of the Showtime multiplex , the channel 's carriage varies depending on both the cable provider and market , therefore it may not be available alongside Showtime and The Movie Channel 's multiplex services in all areas .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
399e93ad42fd22a9af2160c2411cde24 | Ronald Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with Alzheimer's disease in the 90s. | [
{
"docid": "f20243e819481dfbd723eb3e5949fe69",
"text": "Ronald Reagan Ronald Wilson Reagan ( -LSB- ˈrɒnəld_ˈwɪlsən_ˈreɪɡən -RSB- ) ( February 6 , 1911 -- June 5 , 2004 ) was an American politician and actor who served as the 40th President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . Before his presidency , he was the 33rd Governor of California , from 1967 to 1975 , after a career as a Hollywood actor and union leader . Raised in a poor family in small towns of northern Illinois , Reagan graduated from Eureka College in 1932 and worked as a sports announcer on several regional radio stations . After moving to Hollywood in 1937 , he became an actor and starred in a few major productions . Reagan was twice elected President of the Screen Actors Guild , the labor union for actors , where he worked to root out Communist influence . In the 1950s , he moved into television and was a motivational speaker at General Electric factories . Having been a lifelong Democrat , his views changed . He became a conservative and in 1962 switched to the Republican Party . In 1964 , Reagan 's speech , `` A Time for Choosing '' , in support of Barry Goldwater 's foundering presidential campaign , earned him national attention as a new conservative spokesman . Building a network of supporters , he was elected Governor of California in 1966 . As governor , Reagan raised taxes , turned a state budget deficit to a surplus , challenged the protesters at the University of California , ordered National Guard troops in during a period of protest movements in 1969 , and was re-elected in 1970 . He twice ran unsuccessfully for the Republican nomination for the U.S. presidency in 1968 and 1976 ; four years later , he easily won the nomination outright , becoming the oldest elected U.S. president up to that time , defeating incumbent Jimmy Carter in 1980 . Entering the presidency in 1981 , Reagan implemented sweeping new political and economic initiatives . His supply-side economic policies , dubbed `` Reaganomics '' , advocated tax rate reduction to spur economic growth , control of the money supply to curb inflation , economic deregulation , and reduction in government spending . In his first term he survived an assassination attempt , spurred the War on Drugs , and fought public sector labor . Over his two terms , the economy saw a reduction of inflation from 12.5 % to 4.4 % , and an average annual growth of real GDP of 3.4 ; while Reagan did enact cuts in domestic discretionary spending , tax cuts and increased military spending contributed to increased federal outlays overall , even after adjustment for inflation . During his re-election bid , Reagan campaigned on the notion that it was `` Morning in America '' , winning a landslide in 1984 with the largest electoral college victory in American history . Foreign affairs dominated his second term , including ending of the Cold War , the bombing of Libya , and the Iran -- Contra affair . Publicly describing the Soviet Union as an `` evil empire '' , and during his famous speech at the Brandenburg Gate , President Reagan challenged Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to `` tear down this wall ! '' . He transitioned Cold War policy from détente to rollback , by escalating an arms race with the USSR while engaging in talks with Gorbachev , which culminated in the INF Treaty , shrinking both countries ' nuclear arsenals . Reagan 's presidency came during the decline of the Soviet Union and just ten months after the end of his term , the Berlin Wall fell , and on December 26 , 1991 , nearly three years after he left office , the Soviet Union collapsed . Leaving office in 1989 , Reagan held an approval rating of sixty-eight percent , matching those of Franklin D. Roosevelt , and later Bill Clinton , as the highest ratings for departing presidents in the modern era . He was the first president since Dwight D. Eisenhower to serve two full terms , after a succession of five prior presidents failed to do so . While having planned an active post-presidency , in 1994 Reagan disclosed his diagnosis with Alzheimer 's disease earlier that year , appearing publicly for the last time at the funeral of Richard Nixon ; he died ten years later in 2004 at the age of 93 ; Reagan had the second-longest life out of all the presidents ; the current longest lifespan of a president is held by Gerald Ford , who died two years after Reagan . An icon among Republicans , he is viewed favorably in historian rankings of U.S. presidents , and his tenure constituted a realignment toward conservative policies in the U.S.",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "48c94b685bce2d17425f3f5152a38e71",
"text": "Microinfarct A microinfarct is a microscopic stroke less than 1 millimeter in size . Microinfarcts can be found in 25-50 % of all elderly deceased persons . Microinfarcts may be the second most important cause of dementia , after Alzheimer 's disease . Microinfarcts are microscopic lesions , of cellular death or tissue necrosis , which are a result of pathologies involving small vessels . Such pathologies are arteriosclerosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy . Microinfarcts take longer to affect neuronal death progress , at up to 28 days , rather than hours . Microinfarcts can range in size from 0.2 to 2.9 mm . This ailment usually goes undetected in clinical-radiological , like structural MRI , studies and is known as a `` silent pathology '' . Depending on the size , large acute microinfarcts may be detected via a special imaging known as diffusion weighted imaging . Microinfarcts tend to occur at a high frequency , without specific regionalized locations . They are common in aging brains . This high frequency is thought to directly disrupt cognitive networks that are imperative to brain operation . Even though microinfarcts are usually undetectable , there is a general assessment of the cognitive status measured on a scale called the Clinical Dementia Rating ( CDR ) . This scale measures different parts of the brain such as diffuse white matter , periventricular myelination and cortical microinfarcts . Assessments of cortical microinfarcts have had the highest rates with being associated with cognitive degeneration . This lower cognition specifically affects perceptual speed and memory ( semantic and episodic ) . People with high frequency of this ailment tend to have greater chances of developing dementia . Although not many studies have been conducted and little is known between microinfarcts and other vascular or epidemiological risk factors , these brain lesions are thought to be masked by other pathologies . However , the common macroscopic infarct is not exhibited in 45 % of people tested for microinfarcts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7cf8639a79b5963cf8eeb0824be78ef4",
"text": "Ronald Reagan Parkway (Indiana) Ronald Reagan Parkway and Ameriplex Parkway is a parkway-type road named in part after former U.S. President Ronald Reagan . The road was commissioned in the 1990s , and the initial 1 mi section from U.S. Highway 36 to County Road 100 N ( CR 100 N ) was completed in 1996 . It was later extended to CR 200 N . The segment from CR 200 N to CR 300 N opened in early 2015 . Construction on The section from CR 300 N to the existing interchange with I-74 began in 2015 and will be completed by June .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b8dfad630410b165b1c2c176cdb8fcb",
"text": "The Spitting Image The Spitting Image : Myth , Memory and the Legacy of Vietnam ( 1998 ) is a book by Vietnam veteran and Sociology professor Jerry Lembcke . The book is an analysis of the widely believed , but historically inaccurate , urban legend that American soldiers were spat upon and insulted by antiwar protesters upon returning home from the Vietnam War . The book examines the origin of the earliest stories ; the popularization of the `` spat-upon image '' through Hollywood movies and fiction literature , and the role of print news media in perpetuating the now iconic image through which the history of the war and antiwar movement has come to be represented . Lembcke contrasts the absence of credible evidence of spitting by antiwar activists with the large body of evidence showing a mutually supportive , empathetic relationship between veterans and antiwar forces . The book documents the efforts of the Nixon Administration to drive a wedge between military servicemen and the antiwar movement by portraying democratic dissent as betrayal of the troops , effectively redirecting blame for failure in Vietnam onto protesters . Coupled with American society 's exaggeration of medical conditions like posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and drug abuse among veterans to the point of broadly vilifying the Vietnam veteran as mentally unfit , emotionally volatile and a `` loser '' and `` victim '' , the collective memory about Vietnam has been refocused onto the veteran and away from the war . Lembcke equates this disparagement of the antiwar movement and veterans with the similar ` stab in the back ' myths propagated by Germany and France after their war defeats , as an alibi for why they lost the war . Lembcke details the resurrection of this myth of the spat-upon veteran by later administrations during subsequent Gulf War efforts as a way of silencing public dissent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a5b7da9f02944f8af5558a4af60c643",
"text": "Silent majority The silent majority is an unspecified large group of people in a country or group who do not express their opinions publicly . The term was popularized by U.S. President Richard Nixon in a November 3 , 1969 , speech in which he said , `` And so tonight -- to you , the great silent majority of my fellow Americans -- I ask for your support . '' In this usage it referred to those Americans who did not join in the large demonstrations against the Vietnam War at the time , who did not join in the counterculture , and who did not participate in public discourse . Nixon along with many others saw this group of Middle Americans as being overshadowed in the media by the more vocal minority . Preceding Nixon by half a century , it was employed in 1919 by Warren Harding 's campaign for the 1920 presidential nomination . Before that , the phrase was used in the 19th century as a euphemism referring to all the people who have died , and others have used it before and after Nixon to refer to groups of voters in various nations of the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29019cb015e5d2a9b546a92998467214",
"text": "BRAIN Initiative The White House BRAIN Initiative ( Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies ) , is a collaborative , public-private research initiative announced by the Obama administration on April 2 , 2013 , with the goal of supporting the development and application of innovative technologies that can create a dynamic understanding of brain function . This activity is a Grand Challenge focused on revolutionizing our understanding of the human brain , and was developed by the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy ( OSTP ) as part of a broader White House Neuroscience Initiative . Inspired by the Human Genome Project , BRAIN aims to help researchers uncover the mysteries of brain disorders , such as Alzheimer 's and Parkinson 's diseases , depression , and traumatic brain injury ( TBI ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1db2ebf5d6d7b3938993fa90fa5e398",
"text": "A Night at the Met A Night at the Met is the third official album release by Robin Williams on August 9 , 1986 . It features segments recorded live at Metropolitan Opera House in New York City . The album won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Performance Single or Album , Spoken or Musical . The album was released the year before Williams ' critically acclaimed performance in the motion picture Good Morning , Vietnam ( 1987 ) . He had been shifting his focus from stand-up comedy to film making for several years , and A Night at the Met would be one of his last major concerts during the 1980s . The show is a mix of Williams ' quick-witted humor and voice work , with rants on the topics of drugs , sex , world affairs , and parenting . References to the events and people of the 1980s are mentioned heavily throughout ; U.S. President Ronald Reagan , Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi , and President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev are central to many of the jokes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "847e8bd1d21523801f624b8dd4da567b",
"text": "1996 State of the Union Address The 1996 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 104th United States Congress on January 23 , 1996 . The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Clinton 's first term . This speech occurred shortly after the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996 which had resulted from disagreements on the 1996 United States federal budget . President Clinton discussed the economy and declared that `` the era of big government is over , '' and continued , `` but we can not go back to the time when our citizens were left to fend for themselves . We must go forward as one America , one nation working together , to meet the challenges we face together . Self-reliance and teamwork are not opposing virtues -- we must have both . '' The president discussed welfare reform , the V-chip , education , community policing , crime and the environment . The president also discussed foreign relations and the federal budget . The Republican Party response was delivered by Senator Bob Dole of Kansas . He stated that '' -LSB- President Clinton -RSB- is the chief obstacle to a balanced budget and the balanced budget amendment ... . While the President 's words speak of change , his deeds are a contradiction . President Clinton claims to embrace the future while clinging to the policies of the past . '' Donna Shalala , the Secretary of Health and Human Services , served as the designated survivor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf30caeee151e95c62798a93683d3acd",
"text": "We begin bombing in five minutes On August 11 , 1984 , United States President Ronald Reagan , while running for re-election , was preparing to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio . During a sound check before the address , Reagan made the following joke to the radio technicians : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you today that I 've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever . We begin bombing in five minutes . '' The joke was a parody of the opening line of that day 's speech : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they 've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours , just as other student groups are allowed to do . '' Contrary to popular misconception , this microphone gaffe was not broadcast over the air , but rather leaked later to the general populace . But the Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun reported in October 1984 that the Soviet Far East Army was placed on alert after word of the statement got out and that the alert was not withdrawn until 30 minutes later . An unnamed aide to US Representative Michael Barnes ( D-Md . ) confirmed that the Pentagon was aware of the alert . There was no report of any change in the DEFCON level for the United States . The Soviet reaction , and mild confusion it created , was covered by NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw . This was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address . The Soviet official news agency , TASS , condemned the joke , declaring that `` The USSR condemns this unprecedented and hostile attack by the US President '' and that `` this kind of behavior is incompatible with the great responsibility borne by heads of nuclear states for the destinies of their own people and mankind '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8b54cfd6ab69f2fd509a8281ab05254",
"text": "Parkinson's disease Parkinson 's disease ( PD ) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system . The symptoms generally come on slowly over time . Early in the disease , the most obvious are shaking , rigidity , slowness of movement , and difficulty with walking . Thinking and behavioral problems may also occur . Dementia becomes common in the advanced stages of the disease . Depression and anxiety are also common occurring in more than a third of people with PD . Other symptoms include sensory , sleep , and emotional problems . The main motor symptoms are collectively called `` parkinsonism '' , or a `` parkinsonian syndrome '' . The cause of Parkinson 's disease is generally unknown , but believed to involve both genetic and environmental factors . Those with a family member affected are more likely to get the disease themselves . There is also an increased risk in people exposed to certain pesticides and among those who have had prior head injuries while there is a reduced risk in tobacco smokers and those who drink coffee or tea . The motor symptoms of the disease result from the death of cells in the substantia nigra , a region of the midbrain . This results in not enough dopamine in these areas . The reason for this cell death is poorly understood , but involves the build-up of proteins into Lewy bodies in the neurons . Diagnosis of typical cases is mainly based on symptoms , with tests such as neuroimaging being used to rule out other diseases . There is no cure for Parkinson 's disease . Initial treatment is typically with the antiparkinson medication L-DOPA ( levodopa ) , with dopamine agonists being used once levodopa becomes less effective . As the disease progresses and neurons continue to be lost , these medications become less effective while at the same time they produce a complication marked by involuntary writhing movements . Diet and some forms of rehabilitation have shown some effectiveness at improving symptoms . Surgery to place microelectrodes for deep brain stimulation has been used to reduce motor symptoms in severe cases where drugs are ineffective . Evidence for treatments for the non-movement-related symptoms of PD , such as sleep disturbances and emotional problems , is less strong . In 2015 , PD affected 6.2 million people and resulted in about 117,400 deaths globally . Parkinson 's disease typically occurs in people over the age of 60 , of which about one percent are affected . Males are more often affected than females . When it is seen in people before the age of 50 , it is called young-onset PD . The average life expectancy following diagnosis is between 7 and 14 years . The disease is named after the English doctor James Parkinson , who published the first detailed description in An Essay on the Shaking Palsy , in 1817 . Public awareness campaigns include World Parkinson 's Day ( on the birthday of James Parkinson , 11 April ) and the use of a red tulip as the symbol of the disease . People with parkinsonism who have increased the public 's awareness of the condition include actor Michael J. Fox , Olympic cyclist Davis Phinney , and late professional boxer Muhammad Ali .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "774d8afd3a5ea2cdf59110be578495af",
"text": "Judes Poirier Judes Poirier is Canadian-born professor of Medicine and Psychiatry at McGill University and former director of the Centre for Studies in Aging at McGill University . He currently serves as director of the Molecular Neurobiology Unit at the Douglas Institute Research Centre and , co-founder and associate director of the Centre for the Studies on the Prevention of Alzheimer 's disease at McGill University . He received his undergraduate training at the Université de Montréal in biochemistry and clinical sciences . Shortly after , he joined Dr. André Barbeau 's group at the Clinical Research Institute of Montréal where he worked on the neurobiology of Parkinson 's disease . He then moved to the Alzheimer 's Disease Research Consortium of Southern California which is based at the Andrus Gerontology Centre , in Los Angeles . It is in California that he discovered the important role of apolipoprotein E , a cholesterol transporter that acts as a powerful modulator of brain reinnervation and a key player in Alzheimer 's disease pathophysiology . In 1989 , McGill University and the Douglas Institute recruited him back to Montréal to establish a research program specialized in the molecular biology of neurodegenerative diseases . Dr. Poirier has made some key contributions to the advancement of scientific research on Alzheimer 's and Parkinson 's diseases . He belongs to a short list of Canadian scientists who made milestone discoveries in Canadian Health Research history . He is internationally renowned for his works on the role of apolipoprotein E in the normal and injured brain and , in the genetics of Alzheimer 's disease . Beside his seminal contribution in the field of the neurobiology and genetics of apolipoprotein E , he has been a pioneer in the establishment of the pharmacogenomic bases of brain diseases treatment . He received several international scientific awards in recent years including : the International Society for Neurochemistry Investigator Award in 1995 , in Kyoto , Japan ; the AAIC/First Parke-Davis International Award in 1996 ( now referred to as the AAIC Lifetime Achievement Award in Alzheimer 's Disease , in Osaka , Japan and the Galien Prize ( 1997 ) . On national scene , he was the recipient of the Beaubien Award of the Alzheimer Society of Canada ( 1994 ) and , the Investigator Award ( 1994 ) and Innovation Award ( 1998 ) of Canadian College of Neuropsychopharmacology ( CCNP ) . He was more recently awarded the Jonas Salk Award ( 1999 ) in honor of Dr. Salk , the inventor of the polio vaccine , the AstraZeneca/ASC/RxDx Award ( 2001 ) and the CSCC Award ( 2001 ) for his seminal work in the field of Alzheimer 's disease . In the summer of 2004 , he was nominated to the rank of Knight of the National Order of Quebec by the Premier of Quebec . He received in the fall of 2009 a Doctorate Honoris Causa in Medicine in regard to his pioneering work in the field of Alzheimer 's research from this oldest School of Medicine in the world , the University of Montpellier in France . In 2010 , he was awarded the prestigious Genesis Prize in the `` Innovation of Tomorrow '' category . Dr Poirier is also the co-founder of several Canadian-based biotech corporations including Nova Molecular Inc. ( 1996 -- 2000 ) and more recently Spectral Neuroscience Inc. ( 2004 - ) which have been involved in the development and commercialization of pharmacogenomics services and gene-based therapy for biotech and pharmaceutical corporations . He acts as a Scientific Ambassador of the Alzheimer Society of Canada and was nominated one of the Ten Personality of the Year in 1996 in the magazine l'actualité and Personality of the Week in the newspaper La Presse , in 1998 and again , in 2014 . His most recent contribution to a lay audience is the publication of a book entitled Alzheimer 's Disease : A Guide , published in 2011 in French , English , German , Portuguese and Chinese . His publication was awarded the 2012 prestigious `` Hubert Reeves Literary Prize '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e265b89d1c5e7d841be7b3afcba9ae00",
"text": "Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 The Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 ( or COBRA ) is a law passed by the U.S. Congress on a reconciliation basis and signed by President Ronald Reagan that , among other things , mandates an insurance program which gives some employees the ability to continue health insurance coverage after leaving employment . COBRA includes amendments to the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 ( ERISA ) . The law deals with a great variety of subjects , such as tobacco price supports , railroads , private pension plans , emergency room treatment , disability insurance , and the postal service , but it is perhaps best known for Title X , which amends the Internal Revenue Code and the Public Health Service Act to deny income tax deductions to employers ( generally those with 20 or more full-time equivalent employees ) for contributions to a group health plan unless such plan meets certain continuing coverage requirements . The violation for failing to meet those criteria was subsequently changed to an excise tax . Although this statute became law on April 7 , 1986 , its official name is the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1985 . Because of the discrepancy between the official name of the Act and the year in which it was enacted , some government publications refer to the Act as the Consolidated Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1986 . The Act is often referred to simply as `` COBRA '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49e23ff68546cf893fd31b273a3b5a16",
"text": "Patient Self-Determination Act The Patient Self-Determination Act ( PSDA ) was passed by the United States Congress in 1990 as an amendment to the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1990 . Effective on December 1 , 1991 , this legislation required many hospitals , nursing homes , home health agencies , hospice providers , health maintenance organizations ( HMOs ) , and other health care institutions to provide information about advance health care directives to adult patients upon their admission to the healthcare facility . This law does not apply to individual physicians . Because the 1991 PSDA does not apply to individual physicians , private clinics and practices , most of which are incorporated for-profit organizations , the problem of cruel over treatment for profit of the elderly on Medicare/Medicaid was not controlled to the extent that Congress hoped would be possible when the states would implement the goals of the 1991 PSDA in state laws . ( Recently , in 2012 , the newspapers have revealed that The United States Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Justice have cooperated to prosecute over treatment of patients under the federal False Claims Act . ) The goals of the 1991 PSDA are covered in the PURPOSE section , below . Section 1233 of the proposed America 's Affordable Health Choices Act of 2009 ( H.R. 3200 ) would have authorized reimbursements for physician counseling regarding advance directives ( once every five years ) but it was not included in the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010 because of controversy over what were characterized as `` death panels . '' Unfortunately , because the law of the 1991 PSDA does not require or mandate the treating physicians -- after an educated `` terminal '' prognosis that is shared with the patient -- to seek informed consent from elderly and terminal Medicare/Medicaid patients for either Curative Care under Medicare or palliative care , transition to Hospice in the last six months of life ( also paid or out of the Medicare purse ) , the goals of the PSDA are not realized . Patient self rationing of expensive medical care at the end of life through the process of the advance directive under the provisions of the 1991 PSDA is discouraged because the patients have not had end-of-life conversations with the treating physicians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "768239c1c70668d21a8780993a1cb59e",
"text": "Donald Regan Donald Thomas `` Don '' Regan ( December 21 , 1918 -- June 10 , 2003 ) was the 66th United States Secretary of the Treasury , from 1981 to 1985 , and White House Chief of Staff from 1985 to 1987 in the Ronald Reagan Administration , where he advocated `` Reaganomics '' and tax cuts to create jobs and stimulate production . Before serving in the Reagan administration , Regan served as Chairman and CEO of Merrill Lynch from 1971 to 1980 . He had worked at Merrill Lynch since 1946 and before this he had studied at Harvard University and served in the United States Marine Corps , achieving the rank of lieutenant colonel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8",
"text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09ad5de6b79e2e20cd4ff2ccd023df8d",
"text": "List of Lenny Skutniks `` Lenny Skutniks '' are notable people who are invited to sit in the gallery at a State of the Union address or other joint meeting of the United States Congress . Lenny Skutnik was the first such guest , who was celebrated for his act of heroism following the crash of Air Florida Flight 90 on January 13 , 1982 . Skutnik dove into the icy Potomac River , saving the life of a passenger . For this act he was commended by U.S. President Ronald Reagan during the annual State of the Union speech held later that month . Since then , the term `` Lenny Skutniks '' has been used to refer to individuals invited to sit in the gallery , and often cited by the President , during the speech . President Reagan 's invitation , and the reference to Skutnik 's heroism within his speech , may have been an attempt to include a human interest story within the speech . The practice fell out of favor during the presidency of George H. W. Bush . Bill Clinton restored the practice upon assuming the Presidency which has continued under George W. Bush and Barack Obama .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd79a38718bb94619856b3435727d761",
"text": "National Center for Voluntary Action The National Center for Voluntary Action was an independent , private , non-profit organization that existed in the 1970s , and then extended on in merged forms , that sought to encourage volunteerism on the part of American citizens and organizations , assist in program development for voluntary efforts , and sought to make voluntary action an important force in American society . The organization had its origins in 1969 , the first year of the Nixon administration , when the Cabinet Committee on Voluntary Action was put into place . Led by United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development George W. Romney , a study performed by this committee found a need for a national , non-governmental organization . Hence came the National Center for Voluntary Action , created in 1970 by executive order of the president . At its first meeting on February 20 , 1970 , Romney stressed the value of voluntary action as the `` fourth way '' of solving problems ( along with the federal government , state and local government , and private industry ) . In April 1970 , Henry Ford II became the organization 's first chair and Bud Wilkinson its first president . The organization launched a nationwide effort to develop Voluntary Action Centers ( previously known as Volunteer Bureaus ) as local volunteer centers to help people meet their needs through actions of volunteers . A heart-shaped logo was devised for the Voluntary Action Centers and used nationwide . It operated an information bank known as Clearinghouse . By October 1971 , Voluntary Action Centers had been established in 32 communities , with 30 more underway and 250 other communities having expressed interest . Wilkinson left in August 1970 . Lenore Romney , George 's wife , became a director of the organization , and a member of its executive committee by 1971 , and vice president by 1973 . Ford departed in 1972 , and W. Clement Stone , who was the treasurer , became acting chair . In 1973 , as he left the Nixon administration , George Romney became chair and CEO of the National Center for Voluntary Action . In 1976 , the organization sponsored a national Congress on Volunteerism and Citizenship in conjunction with the United States Bicentennial of that year . In 1979 , the National Center for Voluntary Action merged with another organization , the Colorado-based National Information Center on Volunteerism ( which had been in existence since 1970 , and as the National Information Center on Volunteers in Courts , since 1967 ) , and together became a new organization , VOLUNTEER : The National Center for Citizen Involvement . Romney remained as head of the new organization . The organization simplified its name to VOLUNTEER : The National Center in 1984 and to the National Volunteer Center in 1990 . Romney remained as chair of these organizations throughout this time . In 1991 , the organization merged into the Points of Light Foundation , which had been created in 1990 under the aegis of President George H.W. Bush . The merged organization also became known during the 2000s as the Points of Light Foundation and Volunteer Center National Network . That organization then in 2007 merged with the Atlanta-based Hands On Network to become the Points of Light Institute .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ca592ee4d4587e69baba6425bb865c1",
"text": "Peanut butter test The peanut butter test is a diagnostic test which aims to detect Alzheimer 's disease by measuring subjects ' ability to smell peanut butter through each nostril . The test was originally reported in October 2013 by researchers from the University of Florida 's McKnight Brain Institute , led by professor Kenneth Heilman , and involves measuring the ability of patients to smell peanut butter held close to their nose . The researchers concluded that patients with Alzheimer 's were not able to smell the peanut butter as well through their left nostril as their right one . The study 's lead author , graduate student Jennifer Stamps , got the idea for the study when , while studying under Professor Heilman , she noticed that none of his patients had been tested for their sense of smell . The idea of using peanut butter came to Stamps when she administered it to patients as part of a routine test of cranial nerve function . Their decision to use it was also motivated by the fact that it is a pure odorant ( i.e. is only detected by the olfactory nerve ) , and that Heilman had told Stamps , `` If you can come up with something quick and inexpensive , we can do it . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "972d4da1b2b6b0f6c1fb4301562526aa",
"text": "List of things named after Ronald Reagan This is a list of things named after former President of the United States Ronald Reagan . The Ronald Reagan Legacy Project is an organization founded by Americans for Tax Reform president Grover Norquist that seeks to name at least one notable public landmark in each U.S. state and all 3067 counties after the 40th president . The first highway to be named after Reagan was Ronald Reagan Cross County Highway in Cincinnati .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "223eb3f339914fcde3a718cc844891c9",
"text": "Nixon goes to China The phrase `` Nixon goes to China '' , `` Nixon to China '' , or `` Nixon in China '' is a historical reference to United States President Richard Nixon 's 1972 visit to the People 's Republic of China , where he met with Chairman Mao Zedong . The metaphor is often expressed as the observation `` Only Nixon could go to China '' or `` It took Nixon to go to China '' . As a political metaphor , it refers to the ability of a politician with an unassailable reputation among his or her supporters for representing and defending their values to take actions that would draw their criticism and even opposition if taken by someone without those credentials . Although the example is that of a hardliner taking steps toward peace with a traditional enemy , and this is the most common application of the metaphor , it could also be applied to a reputedly cautious diplomat defying expectations by taking military action , or a political leader reforming aspects of the political system of which they have been strong supporters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e820b03baf546d3b303f25470084b756",
"text": "United States presidential election in California, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in California refers to how California participated in the 1980 United States presidential election . California voted for the Republican nominee , the state 's former governor Ronald Reagan , in a landslide over the Democratic incumbent , Jimmy Carter . Reagan won his home state by a wide 16.78 % margin and carried all but three counties . Among the counties Reagan won was Plumas , the first Republican victory in that county since 1920 . Reagan is also the last Republican candidate to carry the counties of Marin and Santa Cruz in a presidential election . 1980 stands as the last election in which California voted more Republican than the United States as a whole . This election indeed constitutes the most Republican California has voted relative to the whole nation since 1928 , when anti-Catholic prejudice against Al Smith had a substantial influence ; here , it was widely believed that Carter lacked understanding of critical Western issues , most importantly water development .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
406c9e70fb3375431a8177aa6831bdbc | Alec Baldwin starred in a television show. | [
{
"docid": "4170ffd903807145ffcb185dcf771bf1",
"text": "Alec Baldwin Alexander Rae `` Alec '' Baldwin III ( born April 3 , 1958 ) is an American actor , writer , producer , and comedian . A member of the Baldwin family , he is the oldest of the four Baldwin brothers , all actors . Baldwin first gained recognition appearing on seasons 6 and 7 of the CBS television drama Knots Landing , in the role of Joshua Rush . He has since played both leading and supporting roles in films such as the horror comedy fantasy film Beetlejuice ( 1988 ) , as Jack Ryan in the action thriller The Hunt for Red October ( 1990 ) , the romantic comedy The Marrying Man ( 1991 ) , the superhero film The Shadow ( 1994 ) , and two films directed by Martin Scorsese : the Howard Hughes biopic The Aviator ( 2004 ) and the neo-noir crime drama The Departed ( 2006 ) . His performance in the 2003 romantic drama The Cooler garnered him a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor . From 2006 to 2013 , Baldwin starred as Jack Donaghy on the NBC sitcom 30 Rock , winning two Emmy Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , and seven Screen Actors Guild Awards for his work on the show , making him the male performer with the most SAG Awards . Baldwin co-starred in Mission : Impossible -- Rogue Nation , the fifth installment of the Mission : Impossible series , released on July 31 , 2015 . He is also a columnist for The Huffington Post . Since 2016 , he has been the host of Match Game . He has received worldwide attention and acclaim for his portrayal of President Donald Trump on the long-running sketch series Saturday Night Live , both during the 2016 U.S. presidential election and following the inauguration .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e84ed3170de25ad61e8c33444a56f496",
"text": "30 Minutes (TV series) 30 Minutes is an American educational news magazine television series that aired on CBS on Saturdays from 1978 to 1982 following its Saturday morning cartoon lineup . Patterned after 60 Minutes , its topics ranged from acne and rock bands to the Ku Klux Klan and juvenile defendants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7974cfda4984b0e31e9d443187a96e2b",
"text": "The Thin Blue Line (TV series) The Thin Blue Line ( a colloquial term for police forces ) is a British sitcom starring Rowan Atkinson and written by Ben Elton . It aired on the BBC from 1995 to 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "660d21a072b776bc477411a012719eb8",
"text": "My Strange Addiction My Strange Addiction is an American documentary television series that premiered on TLC on December 29 , 2010 . The pilot was broadcast on May 5 , 2010 . The series focuses on people with unusual compulsive behaviors . These range from eating specific non-food items to ritualistic daily activities to bizarre personal fixations or beliefs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9667debada837220e171b0ef54f710bd",
"text": "Ally McBeal Ally McBeal is an American legal comedy-drama television series , originally aired on Fox from September 8 , 1997 to May 20 , 2002 . Created by David E. Kelley , the series stars Calista Flockhart in the title role as a young lawyer working in the fictional Boston law firm Cage and Fish , with other young lawyers whose lives and loves were eccentric , humorous and dramatic . The series received critical acclaim in its early seasons , winning the Golden Globe Award for Best Television Series -- Musical or Comedy in 1997 and 1998 , and also winning the Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e02f74b1d695da08addfab8ecaadfdb",
"text": "Uncle Buck (1990 TV series) Uncle Buck is an American television sitcom series based on the 1989 film of the same name starring John Candy . The TV series debuted in September 1990 on CBS , and aired through March 1991 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c98bac8a377aa88b08f739468a5cb5e6",
"text": "Grace Under Fire Grace Under Fire is an American sitcom that aired on ABC from September 29 , 1993 , to February 17 , 1998 . The show starred Brett Butler as a single mother learning how to cope with raising her three children alone after finally divorcing her abusive husband . The series was created by Chuck Lorre and produced by Carsey-Werner Productions . Grace Under Fire was the highest rated new comedy of the 1993 -- 94 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66677b1f7fa9f5b2c87c19f0acad9000",
"text": "Playboy After Dark Playboy After Dark is an American television show hosted by Hugh Hefner . It aired in syndication through Screen Gems from 1969 to 1970 and was taped at CBS Television City in Los Angeles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b",
"text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb155e7c7fca45c93595ed997188530c",
"text": "The Catherine Tate Show The Catherine Tate Show is a British television sketch comedy written by Catherine Tate and Aschlin Ditta . Tate also stars in all but one of the show 's sketches , which feature a wide range of characters . The Catherine Tate Show airs on BBC Two and is shown worldwide through the BBC . Collectively , the show has been nominated for six BAFTA Awards , two British Comedy Awards and an Emmy Award , and it has won two Royal Television Society Awards , two British Comedy Awards and a National Television Award since its debut in 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a79fc0b330f74ca1a81335662440725",
"text": "Studs (game show) Studs is an American television game show which was produced by Fox Television Studios for local television stations . The series premiered on March 11 , 1991 as a midseason series , did well enough in its run to be renewed for a full season , and aired for two more full seasons until September 9 , 1993 . Studs was hosted by comedian Mark DeCarlo , his first hosting job .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f330e5f0e8ef4dc86773f7b17100b20",
"text": "Alexander Baldwin (disambiguation) Alexander Baldwin was a judge . Alexander Baldwin may also refer to : Alec Baldwin , American actor Alexander & Baldwin Alexander Rae Baldwin III",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43",
"text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49939ce28bcae7012e98c0ae22530384",
"text": "Ladies Man (1999 TV series) Ladies Man is an American television sitcom series starring Alfred Molina as husband , father , son , ex-husband and son-in-law who lives with a number of women under one roof . The show was first broadcast on September 20 , 1999 , and lasted for two seasons on CBS until June 27 , 2001 . The series co-starred Betty White and is perhaps most memorable for reuniting White and her Golden Girls co-stars Rue McClanahan and Estelle Getty in one of the later episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4860961a3b42b40177a2658c5389e08c",
"text": "The Carmichael Show The Carmichael Show is an American sitcom television series created by Nicholas Stoller , Jerrod Carmichael , Ari Katcher , and Willie Hunter that premiered on August 26 , 2015 , on NBC . Starring Carmichael , it follows a fictional version of his family . The multi-camera show is set in Charlotte , North Carolina . On May 15 , 2016 , NBC renewed the series for a 13-episode third season , which premiered with back-to-back episodes on May 31 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74c9baa61bd3765d016ad2aa1c32141a",
"text": "The Lawrence Welk Show The Lawrence Welk Show is an American televised musical variety show hosted by big band leader Lawrence Welk . The series aired locally in Los Angeles for four years , from 1951 to 1955 , then nationally for another 27 years on ABC from 1955 to 1971 , and in first-run syndication from 1971 to 1982 . Repeat episodes are broadcast in the United States by Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) stations . These airings incorporate an original program -- usually , a color broadcast from 1965 through 1982 -- in its entirety . In place of the commercials , newer performance and interview clips from the original stars and/or a family member of the performers are included ; these clips are occasionally updated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90da8d74d8f47288bebf343e4efe8a56",
"text": "Every Woman Every Woman is a syndicated television series produced by Entertainment Studios and created by Byron Allen . The series has aired since 2000 . Heidi Klum made a guest appearance on the show in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b94a8632159043e4f7deef2a49e46b82",
"text": "Empire (2015 TV series) Empire is an American musical drama television series created by Lee Daniels and Danny Strong which debuted on January 7 , 2015 on Fox . Although it is filmed in Chicago , the show is set in New York . It centers on a fictional hip hop music and entertainment company , Empire Entertainment , and the drama among the members of the founders ' family as they fight for control of it . On January 15 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a third season , which premiered on September 21 , 2016 . On January 11 , 2017 , Fox renewed the series for a fourth season , consisting of eighteen episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e5ebda425f6b4120d3a8273c3b97a96",
"text": "According to Jim According to Jim is an American sitcom television series starring Jim Belushi in the title role as a suburban father of three children ( five children starting with the season-seven finale ) . It originally ran on ABC from October 3 , 2001 to June 2 , 2009 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
790c6b9d39c6aefe00c97940612b62ef | Jennifer Garner is an activist. | [
{
"docid": "e4c73d4f1f10eca586ae870d5b2f9212",
"text": "Jennifer Garner Jennifer Anne Garner ( born April 17 , 1972 ) is an American actress . Her breakthrough film debut was in the comedy Dude , Where 's My Car ( 2000 ) . Following a supporting role in Pearl Harbor , Garner gained recognition for her performance as CIA officer Sydney Bristow in the ABC spy-action thriller Alias , which aired from 2001 to 2006 . For her work on the series , she won a Golden Globe Award and a SAG Award and received four Emmy Award nominations . While working on Alias , Garner gained a cameo role in Catch Me if You Can ( 2002 ) , followed by a praised leading performance in the romantic comedy film 13 Going on 30 ( 2004 ) . Garner has appeared in supporting as well as lead film roles including the superhero films Daredevil ( 2003 ) and Elektra ( 2005 ) , the comedy-drama Juno ( 2007 ) , and the fantasy romantic comedy The Invention of Lying ( 2009 ) . In the 2010s , she appeared in the romantic-comedy film Valentine 's Day , the fantasy comedy-drama film The Odd Life of Timothy Green ( 2012 ) , the biographical drama Dallas Buyers Club ( 2013 ) , and the comedy Alexander and the Terrible , Horrible , No Good , Very Bad Day ( 2014 ) . Garner works frequently as an activist for early childhood education and is a board member of Save the Children . She is also an advocate for anti-paparazzi campaigns among children of celebrities . Garner had a five-year relationship with Scott Foley from 1998 to 2003 , during which they married . Garner married Ben Affleck in 2005 , with whom she has three children ; they separated in 2015 and filed for divorce in April 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "cfa75309b4df305d5139b4dac1aa1aca",
"text": "Jennifer Fear Jennifer Fear is the CEO of Step Forward , a London charity aimed at improving the life chances of young people in Tower Hamlets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "776ded94bd78faa43ced6b2353f05a22",
"text": "Jennifer DeLia Jennifer Renée DeLia ( born September 30 , 1979 ) is an American screenwriter , director , actress , artist , and humanitarian . She is currently based in lower Manhattan where she operates her production company Poverty Row Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4aee832419f3f71b0081230cae8d15b6",
"text": "Better for America Better for America ( BFA ) is a 501 ( c ) ( 4 ) non-profit organization that was dedicated to getting nationwide ballot access for an independent candidate for President of the United States in the 2016 election . The effort was inspired by the unpopularity of the two major party nominees , Donald Trump and Hillary Clinton , and was seen as part of the Stop Trump movement . The organization 's initial strategy was to gain ballot access in states that do not require a candidate to be named , and then name its candidate after the major party conventions . The candidate was planned to be named by an advisory board rather than through traditional primary elections , or through a crowdsourcing effort like the failed Americans Elect effort in the 2012 election . On August 8 , 2016 , it was reported that Evan McMullin , an anti-Trump Republican and former Central Intelligence Agency ( CIA ) official , would be Better for America 's nominee . McMullin was officially nominated on August 24 . In July , the organization filed petitions in two states , New Mexico and Arkansas . By early August , Arkansas had accepted the petition , while New Mexico had rejected the petition because it did not have enough valid signatures , although the New Mexico decision was challenged in court . On August 22 , the organization announced that it was ceasing further ballot access efforts . On September 8 , the New Mexico Secretary of State reversed his decision and placed Better For America on the ballot . Notable people involved in the organization include conservative donor John Kingston III and former New Jersey Governor Christine Todd Whitman . Lawrence Lessig and Randy Barnett expressed their support for the organization in a Time opinion piece .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d6a33aca18a52508972ce94771fccf8",
"text": "Harmony Dust Harmony Star Dust is an American social activist for women who worked in the sex industry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d395e1c4f849101e53f9e58600d37589",
"text": "Habitat International Coalition Habitat International Coalition ( HIC ) is an independent , nonprofit alliance with hundreds of organizations and individuals , which has been working in housing and human settlements for more than 30 years . The Coalition comprises social movements , community-based organizations , support groups and academics . The strength of the Coalition is based on its worldwide membership ( it has members in 117 nations in five continents ) and on the fact that it brings together a range of civil society groups . Dedicated to advocacy and support for the poor , solidarity networking , popular mobilization , debate and analysis , HIC works to unite civil society in a shared commitment to ensuring sustainable habitat and a livable planet for all . Its work focuses on defending and implementing the human rights linked to housing and habitat ; i.e. , land , housing , clean water , sanitation , a healthy environment , access to public goods and services ( e.g. , health , education , transport and recreation ; access to livelihood and social protection , pluralism and the preservation of social , natural , historic and cultural patrimony . Since the ’80 HIC has been developing special capacities seeking gender equality , in a balanced articulation between reflection and action on different issues : the rights ' approach , the right to the city , the social production of habitat , women and habitat and the sustainable habitat . HIC specific work on the right to the city seeks to deepen the analysis and the actions on the proposal of building more just cities worldwide . HIC has been committed since decades in the creation of a theoretical and practical framework for the right to the city . The Coalition articulates and accompanies social movements and organizations in their struggle to achieve the realization of all human rights to ensure the collective well-being of inhabitants ; the democratic management and the social function of the city . HIC is also aware of the global challenges facing worldwide on climate change and food sovereignty and the obvious impacts on the cities : the Coalition works on broaden exchanges between urban and rural movements . HIC 'S work on social production of habitat seeks to derive practical lessons from the compilation , exchange and analysis of `` people 's processes '' in initiating , designing , building and maintaining local environments . These experiences , which build upon local social resources and demonstrate local social reliance and ingenuity , generate and promote methods and strategies that then can be shared and replicated across regions . Each region has given rise to diverse and specific examples of struggles and efforts that emphasize distinct circumstances and priorities to construct people-centred livelihoods . In order to strengthen people 's process for access and provision of land and shelter , lessons learned to date show a need to : understand what sustains the people 's process on land , housing and habitat/settlements development , in urban and rural areas , understand what are the forces , both external and internal , that strengthen or weaken peoples ' processes , including political and economic forces that have a bearing on people 's processes , and in particular the dynamics of the informal and formal land markets ; envision alternative ways to develop cities and other human settlements , evolving a bottom-up perspective on human settlement development without destroying livelihoods , assets and material achievements of the poor , while , quite to the contrary , supporting and nurturing livelihoods , assets and settlements of the poor , and their integration into the city ; articulate and support the people 's processes through policies and actions for both government and nongovernmental organizations ; develop more flexible design-based , knowledge-based and service-based housing policies and outputs with the objective of realizing the human right to adequate housing and equitable land use .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "512bd1cdfcf26d0910e53af15261f5e8",
"text": "Sisters of '77 Sisters of '77 is a documentary film that chronicles the 1977 National Women 's Conference in Houston , Texas in November 1977 . The purpose of the National Women 's Conference was to end discrimination against women and promote their equal rights . The conference was federally funded conference , and brought together over 20,000 women and men from around the United States . Sisters of '77 provides a look at a pivotal weekend that changed the course of history and the lives of the women who attended . The film incorporates rare archival footage and interviews of leaders relating this history to the present . The conference attendees included former first ladies Lady Bird Johnson , Betty Ford , and Rosalynn Carter . The women present included Republicans , Democrats , African Americans , Asian Americans , Latinas , Native American , pro-choice , pro-life , straight , gay , liberal and conservative women . The most influential leaders attending included Bella Abzug , Betty Friedan , Gloria Steinem , Eleanor Smeal , Ann Richards , Coretta Scott King , Billie Jean King , and Barbara Jordan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "daf90a0ba95fccfbfe87cff019301e9f",
"text": "Outing Outing is the act of disclosing an LGBT person 's sexual orientation or gender identity without that person 's consent . Outing gives rise to issues of privacy , choice , hypocrisy , and harm in addition to sparking debate on what constitutes common good in efforts to combat homophobia and heterosexism . A publicized outing targets prominent figures in a society , for example well-known politicians , accomplished athletes or popular artists . Opponents to LGBT rights movements as well as activists within LGBT communities have used this type of outing as a controversial political campaign or tactic . In an attempt to pre-empt being outed , an LGBT public figure may decide to come out publicly first , although controlling the conditions under which one 's LGBT identity is revealed is only one of numerous motives for coming out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3b0e09b310df506b2428d6b33006f97",
"text": "A Gun for Jennifer A Gun for Jennifer is a 1997 rape and revenge film directed by Todd Morris and starring Deborah Twiss . It follows a feminist vigilante group who castrate suspected rapists and batterers while a female police officer attempts to stop them . It is shot in a retro grindhouse style and premiered at the Fantasia Festival in July 1997 , where it was sold-out an hour before screening and received a standing ovation . The film has not left the festival circuit ; Fangoria reported that it had been picked up for distribution by Mondo Macabro , but the release never came to fruition . The movie was covered in the documentary In the Belly of the Beast , which detailed Morris and Twiss 's discovery that their financier ( whom Twiss had met while working as an exotic dancer ) had been embezzling money .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6ee947a5506ce689419a891eb989ef4",
"text": "Jamie Moffett Jamie Moffett is an American independent motion picture director , producer , and social activist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e92f47503e2a872e1615cb579a36b99",
"text": "We Do (film) We Do is an award-winning 56 minute documentary film about marriage equality , produced and directed by independent filmmaker Rebecca Rice . We Do reveals the stories of three LGBT couples , their journeys for legal recognition of their relationships and the impact that the pursuit of marriage equality has had on their lives before and after the Supreme Court ruling on June 26 , 2015 . The film features an introduction by LGBT activist and pastor Jim Mitulski , former pastor at Cathedral of Hope ( Dallas ) who provides the backstory on same-sex unions . We Do then tells the stories of Leta and Anne , with a cameo by their son Jaxson , Mariel and Viviana and Michael and Michael . All three couples had to travel to other states to be legally married even when they knew at the time that their unions would not be legally recognized in the states where they lived . We Do had its world premiere at AGLIFF , the Austin Gay and Lesbian Film Festival in September 2015 . And the film was an official selection of Palm Springs Cinema Diverse and QCinema -- the Ft. Worth Gay and Lesbian Film Festival . We Do was honored with the Shawn A. Moore Award at QCinema and is distributed by CT Media Distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19240459b5dd0c265664de1b23187870",
"text": "Gender feminism Gender feminism is a term used in relation to other forms of feminism . First explicated in the book `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' in 1994 , Christina Hoff Sommers categorized gender feminism as a gynocentric subdivision of feminism . According to Wendy McElroy and Christina Hoff Sommers , gender or political feminism is defined in opposition to individualist feminism . Disapproval of modern-day gender roles and the gradual eradication of them are at the foundation of gender feminism . Gender feminism aims to bring awareness to a perspective on the development of the different sexes Feminism , itself , is defined in Sommers ' book , `` Who Stole Feminism ? '' as a `` collection of movements and ideologies aimed at defining , establishing , and defending equal political , economic , and social rights for women . '' Gender feminism views gender as socially constructed . Furthermore , that this construction of gender is embedded into various aspects of the everyday social order , which consists of power , privileges and economic resources . The term was used especially in the early 1990s to refer to some different concepts . It has been used to distinguish perceived radical feminism in comparison to liberal feminism . It has also been used in relation to some feminists ' arguments about gendering and other topics : that all cognition is gendered and that all knowledge is gendered . Gender reform feminism laid the theoretical groundwork for second-wave feminism . Contrary to equity feminist , who have an exclusive sociopolitical aspiration for men 's and women 's legal and social equality , gender feminist also argue that psychological differences between men and women are adapted from societal acclimation and have little to do with evolution . Critiques Though viewed as the dominant feminist outlook among scholars , as an alternative version of feminism , gender feminism has been met with opposition . Critiques argue that there is science that supports the claim that the sexes are substantially different in a natural and inherent way . Kuhle maintains that due to evolution , regardless of whether they are viewed as equal , men and women have diverse roles in society . Other critiques have said that though feminism is the dismantlement of the patriarchy and challenges gender roles , the notion that gender differences do not exist biologically is problematic . Others argue that every feminist has an altered standpoint on the movement due to the varying hurdles women of different backgrounds come across . This would validate gender feminists in their fight to raise awareness for equality through the belief that gender should not possess as much value in the society as it currently does . Divisions in feminist ideology have caused many to question the cohesiveness of the feminist movement as a whole and if devoting their efforts to the movement would genuinely be beneficial . Although , varying perspectives have hindered the collaboration of some feminist subdivisions , a common interest in the upward mobilization of women as a whole has prompted a desire for a more inclusive and universal feminist movement . A category of anti-gender feminism has also been described .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d3edd6f3ac93a51ed339bbe9b3a1c05",
"text": "Civic Exchange Civic Exchange is a Hong Kong-based public policy think tank and registered charity . It was founded in 2000 by now-Undersecretary for the Environment Christine Loh , and environmental researcher Lisa Hopkinson . Past CEOs include Loh , Yan-yan Yip and Maura Wong . Its board , headed by Evan Auyang , includes directors with backgrounds in business , philanthropy , law and medicine . Local district councillor Paul Zimmerman ( politician ) sits on its Board , while veteran journalist Yuen-Ying Chan and academic Michael Degolyer are Civic Exchange fellows . Civic Exchange , sometimes abbreviated as CEx , positions itself as independent and non-partisan . Its main areas of research are air quality , the environment , nature conservation , urban design and planning , and wellbeing . The Lauder Institute at the University of Pennsylvania ranks Civic Exchange among the top 20 think-tanks in greater China , and among the top 50 environmental think-tanks in the world . Civic Exchange cooperates with different components of society like government departments , educational institutions , businesses and the public . It works to improve dialogue between civil society and the government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1011dd94b417a55e8dcfa860e8ad62ee",
"text": "Ms. Foundation for Women The Ms. Foundation for Women is a non-profit organization for women in the United States . It is one of the first and largest women 's funds in the United States and has always had a deep commitment to diversity . The Ms. Foundation was founded in 1972 by Gloria Steinem , Patricia Carbine , Letty Cottin Pogrebin and Marlo Thomas . The Ms. Foundation was created to deliver funding and other strategic resources to organizations that elevated women 's and girl 's voices and solutions across race and class in communities nationwide.The Ms. Foundation works to identify and support emerging and established groups poised to act when and where change is needed . Its grants -- paired with skills-building , networking and other strategic opportunities -- enable organizations to advance women 's grassroots solutions across race and class and to build social movements within and across three areas : Economic Justice , Reproductive Justice and Safety . The organization also focuses its lobbying efforts on the state-level around those three areas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13d20c11b332fd5fb81b0d66ed0f7dd3",
"text": "AIDS Walk AIDS Walk is a walkathon fundraiser that raises money to combat the AIDS epidemic . The funds raised from AIDS Walks usually benefit a local AIDS service organization ( such as Gay Men 's Health Crisis , Whitman-Walker Clinic or the AIDS Project Los Angeles ) , which provide services and advocacy for local community residents who are infected with HIV . They are also often credited for being effective tools of public outreach , community empowerment , and education for the issues surrounding AIDS . AIDS Walk fundraisers are a primarily American phenomenon because the United States has no nationalized healthcare system , and the services provided by local AIDS service organizations may not be otherwise accessible to people who are HIV positive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f956d79c7172fa4fbf8c15c353d9e72b",
"text": "Active citizenship Active citizenship refers to a philosophy espoused by organizations and educational institutions which advocates that members of companies or nation-states have certain roles and responsibilities to society and the environment , although those members may not have specific governing roles . Active citizenship can be seen as an articulation of the debate over rights versus responsibilities . If a body gives rights to the people under its remit , then those same people might have certain responsibilities to uphold . This would be most obvious at a country or nation-state level , but could also be of wider scope , such as the Internet ( Netizen ) or Earth ( global citizenship ) . The implication is that an active citizen is one who fulfills both their rights and responsibilities in a balanced way . A problem with this concept is that although rights are often written down as part of law , responsibilities are not as well defined , and there may be disagreements amongst the citizens as to what the responsibilities are . For example , in the United Kingdom , citizens have the right to free health care , but voting in elections is not compulsory , even though many people would define this as a responsibility . Writing a clear definition of responsibilities for an active citizen is much more problematic than writing a list of rights . For example , although voting might be considered a basic responsibility by many people , there are some who through disability or other issues are not able to participate fully in the voting process . An active citizen is someone who takes a role in the community ; the term has been identified with volunteering by writers such as Jonathan Tisch , who wrote in the Huffington Post in 2010 advocating that busy Americans should try to help others , particularly by offering high-level professional expertise in such areas as banking , education , engineering , and technology to help the less fortunate . Active citizenship is considered a buzzword by some due to its vague definition . Examples include volunteering , donating , and recycling .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21320181f2aec9ba98b391923d4d8bfb",
"text": "LGBT social movements Lesbian , gay , bisexual , transgender , and questioning ( LGBTQ ) social movements are social movements that advocate for the equalized acceptance of LGBT people in society . In these movements , LGBTQ people and their allies have a long history of campaigning for what is now generally called LGBTQ rights , sometimes also called gay rights or gay and lesbian rights . Although there is not a primary or an overarching central organization that represents all LGBT people and their interests , numerous LGBT rights organizations are active worldwide . The earliest organizations to support LGBT rights were formed in the 19th century . A commonly stated goal among these movements is social equality for LGBT people , but there is still denial of full LGBTQ rights . Some have also focused on building LGBT communities or worked towards liberation for the broader society from biphobia , homophobia , and transphobia . There is a struggle for LGBTQ rights today . LGBT movements organized today are made up of a wide range of political activism and cultural activity , including lobbying , street marches , social groups , media , art , and research . Overview Sociologist Mary Bernstein writes : `` For the lesbian and gay movement , then , cultural goals include ( but are not limited to ) challenging dominant constructions of masculinity and femininity , homophobia , and the primacy of the gendered heterosexual nuclear family ( heteronormativity ) . Political goals include changing laws and policies in order to gain new rights , benefits , and protections from harm . '' Bernstein emphasizes that activists seek both types of goals in both the civil and political spheres . As with other social movements there is also conflict within and between LGBT movements , especially about strategies for change and debates over exactly who comprises the constituency that these movements represent , this also applies to changing education . There is debate over to what extent lesbians , gays , bisexuals , transgender people , intersexed people and others share common interests and a need to work together . Leaders of the lesbian and gay movement of the 1970s , 80s and 90s often attempted to hide masculine lesbians , feminine gay men , transgender people , and bisexuals from the public eye , creating internal divisions within LGBT communities . Roffee and Waling ( 2016 ) discovered that LGBTIQ people experience microaggressions , bullying and anti-social behaviours from other people within the LGBTIQ community . This is due to misconceptions and conflicting views as to what entails `` LGBTIQ '' . For example , transgender people found that other members of the community were not understanding to their own , individual , specific needs and would instead make ignorant assumptions , and this can cause health risks . Additionally , bisexual people found that lesbian or gay people were not understanding or appreciative of the bisexual sexuality . Evidently , even though most of these people would say that they stand for the same values as the majority of the community , there are still remaining inconsistencies even within the LGBTIQ community . LGBT movements have often adopted a kind of identity politics that sees gay , bisexual and transgender people as a fixed class of people ; a minority group or groups , and this is very common among LGBTQ communities . Those using this approach aspire to liberal political goals of freedom and equal opportunity , and aim to join the political mainstream on the same level as other groups in society . In arguing that sexual orientation and gender identity are innate and can not be consciously changed , attempts to change gay , lesbian and bisexual people into heterosexuals ( `` conversion therapy '' ) are generally opposed by the LGBT community . Such attempts are often based in religious beliefs that perceive gay , lesbian and bisexual activity as immoral . However , others within LGBT movements have criticised identity politics as limited and flawed , elements of the queer movement have argued that the categories of gay and lesbian are restrictive , and attempted to deconstruct those categories , which are seen to `` reinforce rather than challenge a cultural system that will always mark the nonheterosexual as inferior . '' After the French Revolution the anticlerical feeling in Catholic countries coupled with the liberalizing effect of the Napoleonic Code made it possible to sweep away sodomy laws . However , in Protestant countries , where the church was less severe , there was no general reaction against statutes that were religious in origin . As a result , many of those countries retained their statutes on sodomy until late in the 20th century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9241a266a7c598ae681f5787b45112ed",
"text": "Garner Garner may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "808e34fb238240e4687cfc7af2432e5b",
"text": "Civil rights movements Civil rights movements are a worldwide series of political movements for equality before the law , that peaked in the 1960s . In many situations they have been characterized by nonviolent protests , or have taken the form of campaigns of civil resistance aimed at achieving change through nonviolent forms of resistance . In some situations , they have been accompanied , or followed , by civil unrest and armed rebellion . The process has been long and tenuous in many countries , and many of these movements did not , or have yet to , fully achieve their goals , although the efforts of these movements have led to improvements in the legal rights of some previously oppressed groups of people , in some places . The main aim of the successful Civil Rights Movement and other social movements for civil rights included ensuring that the rights of all people were and are equally protected by the law . These include but are not limited to the rights of minorities , women 's rights , and LGBT rights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90935efbe9a58b04019c05ce636b6180",
"text": "UniteWomen.org UniteWomen.org is a national non-partisan 501 ( c ) 3 tax exempt non-profit organization with a mission of ending inequality for women that stems from prejudice and discrimination and to defend and advance the human and civil rights of women and girls . The organization was formed in Michigan in February 2012 . It developed in response to the War on Women , a series of legislative actions in the United States which negatively affect women . The group has organized several marches , including a march in Jackson , Mississippi , to oppose `` 32 bills introduced this session restricting women 's access to health care '' and a nationwide march on April 28 , 2012 that took place in major cities across the United States . The group has been endorsed by American Association of University Women , National Latina Institute for Reproductive Health , the The Coalition of Labor Union Women and The Coffee Party USA . The march in April 2012 was promoted by Barbara Hannah Grufferman Karen Teegarden , President of UniteWomen.org , appeared on The Authentic Woman , along with National Organization for Women President , Terry O'Neill . The two women 's rights leaders were interviewed by radio host , Shannon Fisher , about The State of Women 's Rights in America . The organization was a partner in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration in 2013 , which was a week of events in Washington leading up to a reenactment of the Woman Suffrage Parade of 1913 Other partners in the Suffrage Centennial Celebration were the National Women 's History Museum , Sewall-Belmont House & Museum , the Smithsonian 's National Museum of American History , the Newseum , American Association of University Women , Daughters of the American Revolution , Delta Sigma Theta , the National Archives , the Turning Point Suffragist Memorial , the National Press Club , and The George Washington University Lisner Auditorium . UniteWomen.org 's `` Unite Against Rape '' campaign raised public awareness of the issues of rape , human trafficking and violence against women . An array of legislators , journalists and celebrities participated in the campaign , including U.S. Senators Mark Warner and Tim Kaine ; comedians Roseanne Barr , Margaret Cho , Annabelle Gurwitch and Lois Bromfield ; social justice advocate Sandra Fluke ; Philadelphia Eagles defensive tackle , Ronnie Cameron , musician Courtney Love ; social and political commentators Meghan McCain , Alexandria Goddard ( the Steubenville blogger ) , Leslie Salzillo , Kimberley A. Johnson and Tanya Tatum ; XoJane writers and editors Jane Pratt , Mandy Stadtmiller , Alison Freer , Marci Robin and Julia Allison ; actors Yuri Lowenthal , Pia Glenn and Sharon Gardner ; celebrity artist Tormented Sugar ; writers Herman Williams , III , Pat Bertram , Michele Rolle and Toni Morrison ; executive director of the Military Rape Crisis Center , Panayiota Bertzikis ; and celebrity relationship experts Dr. Gilda Carle and Dr. Sheri Meyers . The campaign was co-founded by UniteWomen.org executive committee members Renee Davis , Karen Teegarden , Shannon Fisher and Sarah Warfield Chamberlin . The team also partnered with Rape , Abuse & Incest National Network for a national RAINN Day campaign to raise awareness of sexual assault on college campuses .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4762de497af8b29f0a4d7dc0e228c391",
"text": "Hilary Rosen Hilary Rosen ( b. 1958 ) is an American communications and political consultant and pundit , and former head of the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . She was a columnist for The Washington Post , became the first Washington editor-at-large and political director of The Huffington Post , and has provided political commentary for CNN , CNBC , and MSNBC . She worked for the RIAA for 16 years , including as chief executive officer from 1998 to 2003 . Since 2010 , she has been a partner and managing director at the public relations firm SKDKnickerbocker . She has been a registered lobbyist during her career , both at the RIAA and for the Human Rights Campaign ( HRC ) . Rosen has been an advocate for LGBT rights since the early 1980s .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
34d58efef7f2e779c4d9043788c61a6e | Cinderella stars Derek Jacobi. | [
{
"docid": "3ecbaca64c97f41ddb4f5c1563ba8333",
"text": "Cinderella (2015 Disney film) Cinderella is a 2015 American romantic fantasy film directed by Kenneth Branagh , with a screenplay written by Chris Weitz . The film is based on the eponymous folk tale and inspired in part by Walt Disney 's 1950 animated film . The film stars Lily James as the titular character with Richard Madden , Cate Blanchett , Stellan Skarsgård , Holliday Grainger , Derek Jacobi and Helena Bonham Carter . It is produced by David Barron , Simon Kinberg and Allison Shearmur for Walt Disney Pictures . Cinderella had its world premiere on February 13 , 2015 , at the 65th Berlin International Film Festival and was released in theaters on March 13 , 2015 . It grossed over $ 543 million worldwide , becoming Branagh 's highest-grossing film to date , and received mostly positive reviews . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Costume Design at the 88th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c6bc07112fe4e9be0610d4507c562ad2",
"text": "Tali Lennox Tali Lennox ( born Tali Fruchtmann ; 9 February 1993 ) is a British model , artist , and actress , who used to work for Topshop and Burberry . As of 2014 she reduced her modelling focus and became a portrait painter . She is the daughter of Scottish singer Annie Lennox and Israeli record producer Uri Fruchtmann .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "651344a2785a3fc37fd1074109cb5172",
"text": "Cinderella Cinderella , or The Little Glass Slipper , ( Cenerentola , Cendrillon , ou La petite Pantoufle de Verre , Aschenputtel ) is a folk tale embodying a myth-element of unjust oppression/triumphant reward . Thousands of variants are known throughout the world . The title character is a young woman living in unfortunate circumstances , that are suddenly changed to remarkable fortune . The story of Rhodopis , recounted by the Greek geographer Strabo in around 7 BC , about a Greek slave girl who marries the king of Egypt , is considered the earliest known variant of the `` Cinderella '' story . The most popular version was first published by Charles Perrault in Histoires ou contes du temps passé in 1697 , and later by the Brothers Grimm in their folk tale collection Grimms ' Fairy Tales . Although the story 's title and main character 's name change in different languages , in English-language folklore `` Cinderella '' is the archetypal name . The word `` Cinderella '' has , by analogy , come to mean one whose attributes were unrecognized , or one who unexpectedly achieves recognition or success after a period of obscurity and neglect . The still-popular story of `` Cinderella '' continues to influence popular culture internationally , lending plot elements , allusions , and tropes to a wide variety of media . The Aarne -- Thompson system classifies Cinderella as `` the persecuted heroine '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85f8b464c4f2c006708ac6b27614ec7e",
"text": "Janji Joni Janji Joni ( Joni 's Promise ) is a 2005 Indonesian romantic comedy film directed by Joko Anwar , starring Nicholas Saputra , Mariana Renata , and Rachel Maryam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6957ebc3fe49090794c15f08bda3dbe",
"text": "Cinderella Meets Fella Cinderella Meets Fella is a Merrie Melodies cartoon released to theaters on July 23 , 1938 . This short was directed by Tex Avery . The short was written by Tedd Pierce and animated by Virgil Ross .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727ba2694fa6fb8fd688b9a51e3d1c8d",
"text": "Hans Christian Andersen (film) Hans Christian Andersen is a 1952 Hollywood musical film directed by Charles Vidor , with lyrics and music by Frank Loesser . The story was by Myles Connolly , screenplay written by Moss Hart and Ben Hecht ( uncredited ) , and Samuel Goldwyn Productions were the producers . It is a fictional , romantic story revolving around the life of the famous Danish poet and story-teller Hans Christian Andersen . The film stars Danny Kaye in the title role . The film was an international success at the time . It is not a biographical movie , and in the introduction describes itself as `` not the story of his life , but a fairytale about this great spinner of fairy tales . '' A large part of the narrative is told through song and ballet and includes many of Andersen 's most famous stories such as The Ugly Duckling , Thumbelina , The Emperor 's New Clothes and The Little Mermaid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72346ab63c1b9f8d28ed556aa8b0f355",
"text": "C\\C (Cinderella\\Complex) is the debut ( and to date only ) single by Hello ! Project group High-King . It was released on June 11 , 2008 on the Zetima label in two editions - a normal edition ( EPCE-5561 ) , containing only the normal CD , and a limited edition ( EPCE-5559 - 60 ) , containing a bonus DVD with an alternate version of the PV on it . The limited edition and first press of the normal edition also included a bonus serial number card , used in a promotional draw . The single peaked at # 6 on the weekly Oricon chart , charting for five weeks , selling 26,805 copies in its first week . The song , like the unit itself , was created specially for Morning Musume 's second collaboration with the Takarazuka Revue , Cinderella The Musical , for which it served as the theme song . The Single V ( EPBE-5294 ) was released on June 25 , 2008 . The PV for the single was released on Dohhh Up ! , a video streaming site , a week prior to the single 's release . Due to guidelines drawn up by NHK and the NAB to reduce negative health effects ( including photosensitive seizures ) from animation and other video , the cut initially shown on the site has been replaced with a re-edited version . The video on the single V is the re-edited cut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1205c92aa6005c32c5a88d8908c9903",
"text": "The Magic Shoes The Magic Shoes is a 1935 Australian short film based on the fairy tale Cinderella . It features the first screen performance by Peter Finch and Helen Hughes , daughter of former Prime Minister William Hughes and was the first dramatised movie to be shot at the National Studios , built to make The Flying Doctor ( 1936 ) . Today The Magic Shoes is considered a lost film . However 33 production and publicity stills relating to the film were discovered in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4",
"text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5f3a6d049109a6b8bf3e89fcd6c7f22",
"text": "Helene Stanley Dolores Diane Freymouth ( July 17 , 1929 -- December 27 , 1990 ) , better known by the stage name of Helene Stanley , was an American actress and a live model for Cinderella and other Disney characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fd7d2c11cfdb1fa682d89e56489c1f6",
"text": "A Knight in Camelot A Knight in Camelot is a 1998 television film starring Whoopi Goldberg and Michael York . It was directed by Roger Young , distributed by Disney and is loosely based on Mark Twain 's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0d162f00d0b2a7f17c6ba9b046b2088",
"text": "Jeremy Jordan (actor born 1984) Jeremy Michael Jordan ( born November 20 , 1984 ) is an American actor , dancer and singer . He has performed on Broadway and in television and film , as well as in other theatrical productions . He is best known for the roles of Jack Kelly in the 2012 musical Newsies and Clyde Barrow in the 2011 musical Bonnie & Clyde . He currently plays Winslow `` Winn '' Schott , Jr. , the son of DC Comics villain character Toyman , on the CBS / CW DC Comics based superhero drama series Supergirl .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a9814aad4ea71ab267c7e4b1e063ba4",
"text": "Mabel Taliaferro Mabel `` Nell '' Taliaferro ( May 21 , 1887 -- January 24 , 1979 ) was an American stage and silent-screen actress , known as the Sweetheart of American Movies . Taliaferro was descended on her father 's side from one of the early families who settled in Virginia in the 17th century , the Taliaferros , whose roots are from a northern Italian immigrant to England in the 16th century . Born as Maybelle Evelyn Taliaferro in New York City and raised in Richmond , Virginia , in 1912 her career began with the Selig Studios film version of Cinderella co-starring her then husband Thomas Carrigan . She continued performing in films through her retirement in 1921 . In 1940 , she appeared in her final picture , My Love Came Back . Taliaferro was a sister of film and stage actress Edith Taliaferro and the cousin of actress Bessie Barriscale . Her first husband was amusement park designer and manager Frederic Thompson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad427ee41ccafeab086c5edc403e772d",
"text": "Enchanted April (1992 film) Enchanted April is a 1992 film directed by Mike Newell . The screenplay by Peter Barnes was adapted from Elizabeth von Arnim 's 1922 novel The Enchanted April . The film stars Miranda Richardson , Josie Lawrence , Polly Walker and Joan Plowright , with Alfred Molina , Michael Kitchen and Jim Broadbent in supporting roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "275664bcd87b4620bff410f3595e85a4",
"text": "Diana Vickers discography The discography of Diana Vickers , a British singer-songwriter , consists of two studio albums , one extended play , and seven singles . Vickers debuted in 2008 as a contestant on the The X Factor , a British television music competition . Her fourth-place finish brought Vickers to the attention of RCA Records , which signed her in 2009 . Vickers released her debut studio album Songs from the Tainted Cherry Tree in May 2010 . The album reached number one on the United Kingdom albums chart and the top ten of the Irish and Scottish album charts . In August 2010 , it was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . Two singles were released from the album : `` Once '' and `` The Boy Who Murdered Love '' , with `` Once '' peaking at number one in the UK . `` My Wicked Heart '' , a non-album song , followed in late 2010 . In July 2011 , Vickers parted ways with RCA Records citing `` musical differences '' in the direction for the second album as the reason behind the mutual split . In February 2013 , it was revealed that Vickers had signed a worldwide record deal with So Recordings . On 9 April 2013 , it was confirmed that the lead single to Vickers ' second album is titled `` Cinderella '' , with a preview snippet being made available on iTunes . `` Cinderella '' was released to digital retailers on 21 July 2013 in the UK . Vickers ' second album titled , Music to Make Boys Cry followed on 15 September 2013 in the UK and Ireland along with the title track serving as the album 's second single . The album charted at number thirty-seven on the UK Albums Chart and number nine on the UK Indie Chart on 22 September 2013 . It also broke into the Top 20 of the Irish Independent Albums Chart peaking at number nineteen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f816f28fc3c2e781f4fbf601c50f650",
"text": "Cinderella (i5 song) `` Cinderella '' is the first single from The Cheetah Girls ' self-titled soundtrack album The Cheetah Girls , as well as their debut single . It officially premiered on Radio Disney on July 23 , 2003 . It is a cover of the i5 song `` Cinderella '' . The single was released officially on August 12 , 2003 . The song has a pop sound and was written by Lindy Robbins and Kevin Savigar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea56f076b7ab08b0e8f12f8cf63f6358",
"text": "Cinderella Jones Cinderella Jones is a 1946 American musical comedy film directed by Busby Berkeley and written by Charles Hoffman . The film stars Joan Leslie , Robert Alda , Julie Bishop , William Prince , S. Z. Sakall and Edward Everett Horton . The film was released by Warner Bros. on March 9 , 1946 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c",
"text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d8cf0c7615db98afc4e9f457f8c54c4",
"text": "Somebody Save Me `` Somebody Save Me '' / `` Hell On Wheels '' was the third single from Cinderella 's triple platinum album Night Songs . Released on February 10 , 1987 , after Night Songs had already peaked at # 3 , the song reached # 66 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . It also made # 37 on the `` Album Rock Chart '' . Journalist Thom Jurek described the song as a `` riotous call for free living no matter the consequences of the next day ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81763616bb35d94fddb240d5f4ad6b9f",
"text": "Craig Veroni Craig Veroni is a South African born Canadian actor from Vancouver .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84f6f10d2a0df2242bf669f1144f632e",
"text": "Bolero (1984 film) Bolero is a 1984 American romantic drama film starring Bo Derek , and written and directed by her husband John Derek . The film centers on the protagonist 's sexual awakening and her journey around the world to pursue an ideal first lover who will take her virginity . Despite minor commercial success , the film was critically panned , earning nominations for nine Golden Raspberry Awards at the 5th Golden Raspberry Awards and `` winning '' six , including the Worst Picture .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3ffdc9301691e3d44c13b60453c4635c | Rio de Janeiro has beaches as well as many famous landmarks. | [
{
"docid": "f601efe36b2e84d77c6df111cbc9f297",
"text": "Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro ( -LSB- ˈriːoʊ_di_ʒəˈnɛəroʊ , _ - deɪ_ʒə - , _ - də_dʒə - -RSB- -LSB- ˈʁi.u d ( ʒi ) ʒɐˈnejɾu -RSB- ; River of January ) , or simply Rio , is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas . The metropolis is anchor to the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area , the second-most populous metropolitan area in Brazil and sixth-most populous in the Americas . Rio de Janeiro is the capital of the state of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil 's third-most populous state . Part of the city has been designated as a World Heritage Site , named `` Rio de Janeiro : Carioca Landscapes between the Mountain and the Sea '' , by UNESCO on 1 July 2012 as a Cultural Landscape . Founded in 1565 by the Portuguese , the city was initially the seat of the Captaincy of Rio de Janeiro , a domain of the Portuguese Empire . Later , in 1763 , it became the capital of the State of Brazil , a state of the Portuguese Empire . In 1808 , when the Portuguese Royal Court transferred itself from Portugal to Brazil , Rio de Janeiro became the chosen seat of the court of Queen Maria I of Portugal , who subsequently , in 1815 , under the leadership of her son , the Prince Regent , and future King João VI of Portugal , raised Brazil to the dignity of a kingdom , within the United Kingdom of Portugal , Brazil , and Algarves . Rio stayed the capital of the pluricontinental Lusitanian monarchy until 1822 , when the War of Brazilian Independence began . This is one of the few instances in history that the capital of a colonising country officially shifted to a city in one of its colonies . Rio de Janeiro subsequently served as the capital of the independent monarchy , the Empire of Brazil , until 1889 , and then the capital of a republican Brazil until 1960 when the capital was transferred to Brasília . Rio de Janeiro has the second largest municipal GDP in the country , and 30th largest in the world in 2008 , estimated at about R$ 343 billion ( IBGE , 2008 ) ( nearly US$ 201 billion ) . It is headquarters to Brazilian oil , mining , and telecommunications companies , including two of the country 's major corporations -- Petrobras and Vale -- and Latin America 's largest telemedia conglomerate , Grupo Globo . The home of many universities and institutes , it is the second-largest center of research and development in Brazil , accounting for 17 % of national scientific output according to 2005 data . Rio de Janeiro is one of the most visited cities in the Southern Hemisphere and is known for its natural settings , Carnival , samba , bossa nova , and balneario beaches such as Barra da Tijuca , Copacabana , Ipanema , and Leblon . In addition to the beaches , some of the most famous landmarks include the giant statue of Christ the Redeemer atop Corcovado mountain , named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World ; Sugarloaf Mountain with its cable car ; the Sambódromo ( Sambadrome ) , a permanent grandstand-lined parade avenue which is used during Carnival ; and Maracanã Stadium , one of the world 's largest football stadiums . Rio de Janeiro was the host of the 2016 Summer Olympics and the 2016 Summer Paralympics , making the city the first South American and Portuguese-speaking city to host the events , and the third time the Olympics were held in a Southern Hemisphere city . The Maracanã Stadium held the finals of the 1950 and 2014 FIFA World Cups , the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup , and the XV Pan American Games . The city is divided into 33 administrative regions .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "538dbce7ad3d7338594841e687e93133",
"text": "Rio Grande (Dois Rios) Rio Grande ( Portuguese for `` great river '' ) is a river of Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c3ca52118f1de8eb72ef96b1f731212",
"text": "Porto de Galinhas Porto de Galinhas is a beach in the municipality of Ipojuca , Pernambuco , Brazil . Porto de Galinhas is a major tourist destination . The beach is famous for its bright-water beaches and the natural pools . It is part of the municipality of Ipojuca , and located 60 km south of the state capital , Recife . The municipality of Ipojuca , where Porto de Galinhas lies , was established on November 12 , 1895 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e31c4193f6f757fee7feb93167b3783",
"text": "Indaiatuba Indaiatuba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas . The population is 235,367 ( 2016 est. ) in an area of 311.55 km ² . The elevation is 624 m . The city 's name derives from the Tupi language . It is an important city in one of Brazil 's main industrial regions . Based on the latest IFDM social index data , Indaiatuba ranks number one of the `` Top 100 best cities to live in , in Brazil '' . The Federation of Industries of Rio de Janeiro , surveyed data and compared information on education , health , income and employment ( wage and average generation of formal jobs ) of all municipalities in the country and , with this data they created the Firjan Development Index Municipal ( IFDM ) , so it was possible to create the rank of the top 100 cities to live in Brazil . Data was collected from the Ministries of Education , Health and Labour for all municipalities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09cf63d19cd002a4e900e961a80520b2",
"text": "Deodoro Military Club The Deodoro Military Circle is a Brazilian Army sport facility in Rio de Janeiro , at the Military Village , on the western side of the city . It has hosted the Pan American Games , Rio 2007 . Equestrian ( Dressage , Eventing , and Show Jumping ) , Field Hockey , Modern Pentathlon ( shooting , fencing , swimming , show jumping and a cross country race ) , Sport Shooting ( rifle , trap , pistol and skeet ) and Archery competitions . Permanent venues were built at the site , such as the National Equestrian Center and the National Shooting Center , besides the Archery and Field Hockey which held future competitions in these disciplines . During the Parapan American Games Rio 2007 , the Field Hockey Center held 5-a-Side and 7-a-Side football matches . The facilities will also be used for the equestrian , fencing , shooting and modern pentathlon competitions at the 2016 Summer Olympics . An `` X Park '' will be constructed nearby for mountainbiking , BMX and whitewater canoeing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f465f532f1ca6157be3bc584f5742f1b",
"text": "Beach house A beach house is a house on or near a beach , sometimes used as a vacation or second home for people who commute to the house on weekends or during vacation periods . Beach houses are often designed to weather the type of climate they are built in and the building materials and construction methods used in beach housing vary widely around the world . Beach houses require special paint to protect them from the salt water . If a property is built on sand , it needs foundation with special requirements . Beach houses are often associated with beach gardens with a special planting and a particular type of leisure use . One of the most famous twentieth century beach gardens was constructed by Derek Jarman at Dungeness , England . It celebrated local materials , native plants and the openness of the site . Other beach gardens have tried to create an isolated microclimate . Swimming pools are popular in beach gardens . American architect Andrew Geller designed sculptural beach houses in the coastal regions of New England during the 1950s and 1960s . Popular places for beach houses in the United States includes the Jersey Shore , Long Island , California , Florida and coastal areas of New England , such as Cape Cod , Narragansett , and the Portsmouth area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94016f9c607ac2772937fedc7260d5f5",
"text": "Itatiba Itatiba is a municipality in the state of São Paulo in Brazil , approximately 80 km from the State Capital . It is part of the Metropolitan Region of Campinas . The population is 113,284 ( 2015 est. ) in an area of 322.28 km ² . The average elevation is 750 m . The place 's name comes from the Tupi Guarani language , and means `` Many Rocks '' . The city is known as the `` Princess of the Hill '' due to its rugged terrain . According to the Federation of Industries of the State of Rio de Janeiro , Itatiba is the third city with the highest quality of life in Brazil , presenting a FIRJAN Municipal Development Index of 0.9276 . It is considered to be the town with the 3rd highest levels of oxygen in the air in the whole world . It used to be the furniture capital of Brazil . Itatiba also has the biggest thematic zoo in Latin America , the `` Zooparque '' . The city is also base of the famous country club and golf course Quinta da Baroneza .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641",
"text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97d87042dcbafd910a1cdbf7ebb00362",
"text": "Porto Velho Porto Velho ( -LSB- ˈpoʁtu ˈvɛʎu -RSB- , Old Port ) is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia , in the upper Amazon River basin , and a Catholic Metropolitan Archbishopric . The population is 426,558 people ( as of the IBGE 2010 census ) . Located on the border of Rondônia and the state of Amazonas , the town is an important trading center for cassiterite , the mining of which represents the most important economic activity in the region , as well as a transportation and communication center . It is on the eastern shore of the Madeira River , one of the main tributaries of the Amazon River . It is also Rondônia 's largest city , and the largest state capital of Brazil by area . The municipality occupies most of the border between Amazonas and Rondônia , and is both the westernmost and northernmost city in the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a0463a8108bdf18cd66a09e14dc5487",
"text": "Mossoró Mossoró ( -LSB- mosoˈɾɔ -RSB- ) is the second most populous city in the state of Rio Grande do Norte , Brazil , and also the largest municipality of that state . It is equidistant ( four hours ' drive ) from Natal ( approximately 277 km or 172 miles ) , the state capital of Rio Grande do Norte , and from Fortaleza ( approximately 260 km or 161.5 miles ) , the capital of the state of Ceará . It is located nearly in the center of the Nordeste region , which has about 53.6 million people ( 28 % of Brazil 's population ) . It is also in the heart of Brazil 's salt production area . Situated in the Agreste-Potiguar mesoregion , Mossoró is the country 's largest land-based petroleum producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6773aaae11617e546752e9631aaae92e",
"text": "Bangu, Rio de Janeiro Bangu is a neighborhood in the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro , Brazil . It is a middle-class neighborhood . It is located in the western area of the city being one of the most populated districts , with 244,518 inhabitants ( according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics - IBGE - Demographic Census 2000 ) -LSB- 1 -RSB- distributed in an area of 4570.69 ha . Located in the geographic center of the city , the neighborhood is close to Campo Grande , Senador Camará , Vila Aliança , Padre Miguel and Realengo . On November 22 , 2004 the mayor of Rio de Janeiro César Maia created by decree the district Gericinó . The neighborhood was originally part of the neighborhood of Bangu , the region where the penitentiary of Bangu is located , besides Bangu dump . The region is where Gericinó was located containing the sub-district of the Aqueduct ( Aqueduct of the Seine ) . Since 2004 , the complex of Bangu and dump of Bangu , no longer belong to the neighborhood of Bangu . The neighborhood is well known for high temperatures in the summer , exceeding 40 ° C . The official record lowest temperature ever recorded in the city of Rio de Janeiro took place in Campo dos Afonsos ( 4.8 ° C ) in July 1928 , and the highest in Bangu ( 43.2 ° C ) in January 1984 . In sport , the major representative is the Bangu Atlético Clube , state champion twice ( in 1933 and 1966 ) , Brazilian Vice-Champion in 1985 , World Champion and 1960 State Champion ( Series B ) in 1911 , 1914 and 2008 . Besides Bangu , also of note is the Ceres Futebol Clube , State champion ( Series C ) in 1990 and the Esperança Futebol Clube , Carioca champion ( Series C ) in 1918 . In samba , the main club is called the Unidos de Bangu , which is a pioneer in the carnival , and the fourth oldest samba school in Brazil . It is the forerunner of Scholars of Santa Cruz . The club participated for a few years in the Special Group of Carnival . It was the bi-champion of the Carioca Carnaval in 1957 and 1962 ( Group A ) , the school made its last carnival in 1998 . There is also the Unidos da Vila Kennedy , champion in 2000 ( Group C ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20b4512aea3e28035c0326ec77a59951",
"text": "Río Negro, Chile Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- , English : Black River ) is a Chilean city and commune in Osorno Province , Los Lagos Region . The city is located 38 km south of Osorno and 6 km west of Route 5 . It has an area of 1,266 km ² and a population of 14,732 inhabitants ( 7,204 women and 7,528 men according to census 2002 ) . The commune is bordered on the north by Osorno and San Juan de la Costa , on the east by Puerto Octay , on the west by the Pacific Ocean , and on the south by Purranque .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bdc2422283dbee1efca9cd34c314fcb",
"text": "São Luís, Maranhão São Luís ( -LSB- sɐ̃w luˈis -RSB- , Saint Louis ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The city is located on Ilha de São Luís ( Saint Louis ' Island ) in the Baía de São Marcos ( Saint Mark 's Bay ) , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré , Mearim , Itapecuru and other rivers . Its coordinates are 2.53 ° south , 44.30 ° west . The city proper has a population of some 986,826 people ( 2008 IBGE estimate ) . The metropolitan area totals 1,227,659 , ranked as the 16th largest in Brazil . São Luís , created originally as Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan , is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France ( see France Équinoxiale ) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands ( the others are Vitória and Florianópolis ) . The city has two major sea ports : Madeira Port and Itaqui Port , through which a substantial part of Brazil 's iron ore , originating from the ( pre ) - Amazon region , is exported . The city 's main industries are metallurgical with Alumar , and VALE . São Luís is home of the Federal University of Maranhão . São Luís was the home town of famous Brazilian samba singer Alcione , Brazilian writers Aluísio Azevedo , Ferreira Gullar and Josué Montello , Belgian-naturalised soccer player Luís Oliveira , and the musician João do Vale and Zeca Baleiro , a Música popular brasileira ( MPB ) singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53",
"text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6924331fd86013a6c3190cc04fc41a41",
"text": "Paulo Alfeu Junqueira Duarte Paulo Duarte ( 1899 -- 1984 ) , full name Paulo Alfeu Junqueira Duarte , was a Brazilian archaeologist and humanist . He was the first person to practice archaeology and advocate for the protection of archaeological sites on a large scale in Brazil . Duarte excavated hundreds of shell middens throughout Brazil which had been mined for lime since the beginning of the colonial period . He established the Pre-Historical State Commission of São Paulo ( Comissão de Pré-História de São Paulo ) in 1952 , housed at the University of São Paulo , to preserve the objects he discovered . He also conducted excavations along the coast of São Paulo state , which discovered a much-publicized pre-historic human skull known as `` Miss Sambaqui '' . In addition to his archaeological work , Duarte was a leading proponent of Brazilian culture , folklore and art . He argued vociferously for the preservation of the unique cultures of the indigenous peoples in Brazil . With Mário de Andrade and Sérgio Milliet , he cofounded the São Paulo Department of Culture ( Departamento de Cultura e Recreação da Prefeitura Municipal de São Paulo ) in 1935 . In 1937 , in retaliation for various public remarks , he was exiled from Brazil by the government of Getúlio Vargas . Duarte returned to Brazil after World War II , and brought with him a number of European archaeologists he had met while in exile . With their assistance , the excavation of pre-historic Brazilian settlements began in earnest in 1954 . Due to several sensational discoveries including `` Miss Sambaqui '' , Duarte became something of a celebrity . He was asked to draft a law for the protection of archaeological heritage in 1957 by President Juscelino Kubitschek . The legislation passed in 1961 , as Law no. 3924 , and remains the framework for the archaeological preservation in Brazil today . Taking advantage of his fame to remark publicly on political issues , Duarte came once again into the displeasure of the government and was banned from teaching by the military government in 1969 . He was banned from visiting USP from this point , and institution that he had helped found , and never returned . Archaeological preservation laws were poorly enforced by the dictatorship in the 1960s and 1970 , and Duarte fought in this period against the destruction of shell middens . He died in 1984 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17e1bd22271c62f433a8d68f8c302636",
"text": "Maracanã River (Rio de Janeiro) The Maracanã River of Rio de Janeiro ( Brazilian Portuguese : -LSB- mɐɾakɐˈnɐ̃ -RSB- ) , which means green bird in Tupi -- Guarani , is a river located in Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c147c288423bd3f684423d1ec56f47b2",
"text": "Arsenal de Marinha do Rio de Janeiro The Arsenal de Marinha do Rio de Janeiro ( AMRJ ) is a military organization of the Brazilian Navy . It is located in Ilha das Cobras , at the Guanabara Bay , in the city of Rio de Janeiro . The Arsenal is the main maintenance center for the Brazilian Navy , involving the design , construction and maintenance of ships and submarines , not only for the Brazilian Navy , but also to friendly nations . The AMRJ is shipbuilding both for strategic reasons ( mastery of technologies , seeking the reduction of external dependence ) , as economic ones , seeking nationalization of components and the encouragement of domestic industry . Beside the AMRJ , the Brazilian Navy also has naval bases , that act in support of the Naval Districts , ships in transit or in specific technical areas . Among than are the Naval Base of Aratu , the Naval Base of Val-de-Cães and the River Base of Ladário .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69cc0eb0e2e7e82afba1d5b4839f66b7",
"text": "São João da Barra São João da Barra ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈʒwɐ̃w dɐ ˈbaʁɐ -RSB- ) is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro . Its population was 28,609 ( 2005 ) and its area is 459 km ² . It is home to the Superporto do Açu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ceb9aac793985c843f5d830ac1bfacf2",
"text": "Guanabara (state) The State of Guanabara ( Estado da Guanabara , -LSB- ɡwanaˈbaɾa -RSB- ) was a Brazilian city-state that existed from 1960 to 1975 . It comprised only the city of Rio de Janeiro after the Federal District was moved from that city to Brasília in 1960 . The state was named after Guanabara Bay , along its eastern coast . In 1834 , the city of Rio de Janeiro was elevated to Imperial capital of the Empire of Brazil , but it was not part of any Brazilian province , having special status as the so-called `` Neutral municipality '' ( Município Neutro ) . The surrounding Province of Rio de Janeiro ( which did not include the city ) had its capital city in Niterói . When Brazil became a republic in 1889 , the city of Rio de Janeiro remained the national capital and became the Federal District ( Distrito Federal ) , while the surrounding homonymous province became a state , still with Niterói as its capital . When the national capital was moved to Brasília in 1960 , a new Federal District was carved out of the state of Goiás to contain it , and the old Federal District became Guanabara State . Throughout its 15-year existence , Guanabara was a unique state in many ways . Comprising only one city ( albeit a large one ) , Guanabara was the smallest Brazilian state by land . It also had the peculiarity of being the only Brazilian state that was not divided into municipalities . Although for some practical purposes , it was sometimes counted as having one single municipality , and Rio de Janeiro was officially named its capital , there was no mayor , municipal legislature or any other municipal government institution there , as the city of Rio de Janeiro was directly administered by the state government . On the other hand , that also meant that the Guanabara state government had some functions that were normally assigned to municipalities elsewhere , such as regulating urban zoning , inspecting the safety of buildings , or issuing licenses for commercial venues , for example . All the characteristics disappeared in 1975 , when the states of Guanabara and Rio de Janeiro merged into a new , larger State of Rio de Janeiro . The city of Rio de Janeiro became a municipality of the new combined state and its new capital city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7553cbd044dd4cf9d628a5a5da9c97b3",
"text": "List of beaches in Pernambuco Below is a list of beaches in the Brazilian state of Pernambuco by municipality , from the northernmost Carne de Vaca beach until Coroa Grande at the south end . The Pernambuco coast has 187 kilometres ( 116 mi ) long plus the Fernando de Noronha islands coast . In Pernambuco are located dozens of beaches of all types , from virgin to urban ones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c025c34894074afef7141da8a94bdf0",
"text": "Praia da Rocha Praia da Rocha ( English : `` Rock Beach '' ) is the beach and built up area on the Atlantic Ocean which is the southern section of the municipality/concelho of Portimão , Algarve , southern Portugal . It is also an urban area within the city of Portimão , south of the city centre . The beach soccer tournament , Mundialito de Futebol de Praia , which hosts some of the world 's best national teams , has taken place here every year since 2005 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4a6333441fda03918cebdfc939da9a9c | Cher has won at least six awards. | [
{
"docid": "2c16d7c9b7dc8cd778d3ad0b4c42b81a",
"text": "Cher Cher ( -LSB- ˈʃɛər -RSB- born Cherilyn Sarkisian , May 20 , 1946 ) is an American singer and actress . Sometimes referred to as the Goddess of Pop , she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry . She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment , as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her five-decade-long career . Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song `` I Got You Babe '' reached number one on the American and British charts . By the end of 1967 , they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become , according to Time magazine , rock 's `` it '' couple . She began her solo career simultaneously , releasing in 1966 her first million-seller song , `` Bang Bang ( My Baby Shot Me Down ) '' . She became a television personality in the 1970s with her shows The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour , watched by over 30 million viewers weekly during its three-year run , and Cher . She emerged as a fashion trendsetter by wearing elaborate outfits on her television shows . While working on television , she established herself as a solo artist with the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles `` Gypsys , Tramps & Thieves '' , `` Half-Breed '' , and `` Dark Lady '' . After her divorce from Sonny Bono in 1975 , Cher launched a comeback in 1979 with the disco-oriented album Take Me Home and earned $ 300,000 a week for her 198082 residency show in Las Vegas . In 1982 , Cher made her Broadway debut in the play Come Back to the Five and Dime , Jimmy Dean , Jimmy Dean and starred in the film adaptation of the same title . She subsequently earned critical acclaim for her performances in films such as Silkwood ( 1983 ) , Mask ( 1985 ) , and Moonstruck ( 1987 ) , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress . She then revived her musical career by recording the rock-inflected albums Cher ( 1987 ) , Heart of Stone ( 1989 ) , and Love Hurts ( 1991 ) , all of which yielded several successful singles . She reached a new commercial peak in 1998 with the album Believe , whose title track became the biggest-selling single of all time by a female artist in the UK . It also features the pioneering use of Auto-Tune , also known as the `` Cher effect '' . Her 2002 -- 2005 Living Proof : The Farewell Tour became one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time , earning $ 250 million . In 2008 , she signed a $ 180 million deal to headline the Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas for three years . After seven years of absence , she returned to film in the 2010 musical Burlesque . Cher 's first studio album in 12 years , Closer to the Truth ( 2013 ) , became her highest-charting solo album in the U.S. to date at number three . Cher has won a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , an Academy Award , three Golden Globe Awards , a Cannes Film Festival Award , and a special CFDA Fashion Award , among several other honors . Throughout her career , she has sold 100 million records worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling music artists in the music history . She is the only artist to date to have a number-one single on a Billboard chart in each decade from the 1960s to the 2010s . Outside of her music and acting , she is noted for her political views , philanthropic endeavors and social activism , including LGBT rights and HIV/AIDS prevention .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "dae4ecc1f16a4c1c6edd97e1d78976fe",
"text": "Artis Award The Artis Award is based on popular vote and is presented for achievements in French-Canadian ( Québécois ) television ; called in French the Prix Artis . Many notable Québécois performing artists have been honored with this award , like Rémy Girard ( 2006 ) . The Artis Award is the successor of the MetroStar Award . The sponsorship of this award and its name were changed in 2006 . From the current Artis Gala website : '' ... This gala enables the public to honor its favorite artists from Québécois television . '' ( '' ... ce gala permet au public de rendre hommage à ses artistes favoris de la télévision québécoise . '' ) At the first Gala Artis , held in Montreal on Sunday , April 30 , 2006 , Céline Dion performed `` Tout près du bonheur '' ( in French only ) with Marc Dupré .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db02ed3acf07a515085d94d3b38b69a0",
"text": "6th Genie Awards The 6th Genie Awards were held on March 21 , 1985 , to honour achievements in Canadian cinema in 1984 . It was the first time the Genies were broadcast live across Canada by CBC Television , and they drew 1.9 million viewers . The event , held at the Metro Toronto Convention Centre , was cohosted by Al Waxman and Kerrie Keane . Only four films were nominated for Best Motion Picture this year ; two additional films had tied in the voting for the fifth spot , and the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television opted to nominate only four films rather than extending the category to six nominees . However , similar ties in a few other categories did result in six nominees being named .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c90d8d450d48b4f16327bda8441a62a4",
"text": "National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress The National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress is one of the annual awards given by the National Society of Film Critics . This awards was given for the first time in 1967 to Marjorie Rhodes for her role in The Family Way . Meryl Streep won this award three times ( record ) : in 1978 for The Deer Hunter , in 1979 for Kramer vs. Kramer , for Manhattan and for The Seduction of Joe Tynan and in 2006 for The Devil Wears Prada and for A Prairie Home Companion . Anjelica Huston ( 1985 and 1989 ) , Dianne Wiest ( 1986 and 1994 ) , Patricia Clarkson ( 2002 and 2003 ) and Amy Adams ( 2005 and 2012 ) each won the award two times . In 2009 , Mo'Nique became the first African-American to win in this category for her performance in Precious .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a",
"text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2881e569d5d63d1f7868775f0ddbd90",
"text": "American Music Award for Favorite Country Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Country Female Artist ( now titled Favorite Female Artist - Country ) has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year in which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Reba McEntire with ten ( ' 88 ' , ' 89 , ' 90 , ' 91 , ' 92 , ' 93 , ' 94 , ' 95 , ' 98 , ' 04 ) wins stretching across three decades . McEntire was also the first woman to win the award 8 years in a row . Second place belongs to Barbara Mandrell ( ' 81 , ' 82 , ' 83 , ' 84 , ' 85 , ' 87 ) and Taylor Swift ( ' 08 , ' 09 , ' 10 , ' 11 , ' 12 , ' 13 ) , who both won the award six times . Tied in third place are Faith Hill ( ' 01 , ' 02 , ' 03 , and ' 06 ) , Shania Twain ( ' 96 , ' 97 , ' 99 , and ' 00 ) , and Carrie Underwood ( ' 07 , ' 14 , ' 15 , and ' 16 ) , who have each won 4 times , respectively . Crystal Gayle ( ' 79 , ' 80 , and ' 86 ) has won three times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43e2b647c69046ee60f820c05c5e9a4f",
"text": "I Saw a Man and He Danced with His Wife `` I Saw A Man And He Danced With His Wife '' is the third single released by American singer/actress Cher from her 11th album Dark Lady . It reached at # 42 on the Billboard Hot 100 and # 3 on the Adult Contemporary chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "492bbeb7b37cbe309622dbb3ea387704",
"text": "Celine Dion Céline Marie Claudette Dion , ( -LSB- ˈdiːɒn -RSB- -LSB- seˈlɪn dziˈjɔ̃ -RSB- ; born 30 March 1968 ) is a Canadian singer and businesswoman . Born into a large family from Charlemagne , Quebec , Dion emerged as a teen star in the French-speaking world after her manager and future husband René Angélil mortgaged his home to finance her first record . Dion first gained international recognition in the 1980s by winning both the 1982 Yamaha World Popular Song Festival and the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest where she represented Switzerland . Following a series of French albums during the 1980s , she signed on to Epic Records in the United States . In 1990 , Dion released her debut English-language album , Unison , establishing herself as a viable pop artist in North America and other English-speaking areas of the world . During the 1990s , with the help of Angélil , she achieved worldwide fame after releasing several English albums along with additional French albums . Her albums , Falling into You ( 1996 ) and Let 's Talk About Love ( 1997 ) , were both certified diamond in the US while D'eux ( 1995 ) became the best-selling French-language album of all time . She also scored a series of international number-one hits , including `` Nothing Broken but My Heart '' , `` The Power of Love '' , `` Think Twice '' , `` Because You Loved Me '' , `` It 's All Coming Back to Me Now '' , `` My Heart Will Go On '' , and `` I 'm Your Angel . '' However , in 1999 at the height of her success , Dion announced a hiatus from entertainment to start a family and spend time with her husband , who had been diagnosed with cancer . She returned to the top of pop music in 2002 and signed to perform nightly in A New Day ... ( 2003 -- 07 ) , a five-star theatrical show at the Colosseum at Caesars Palace , on the Las Vegas Strip in Paradise , Nevada . It became the most successful residency show of all time , grossing US $ 385 million . Dion 's music has been influenced by genres ranging from rock and R&B to gospel and classical . Her recordings are mainly in French and English , although she also sings in Spanish , Italian , German , Latin , Japanese , and Mandarin Chinese . While her releases have often received mixed critical reception , she is regarded as one of pop music 's most influential voices . Dion has won five Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year and Record of the Year . She is the second best-selling female artist in the US during the Nielsen SoundScan era . In 2003 , Dion was honoured by the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry ( IFPI ) for selling over 50 million albums in Europe . Dion remains the best-selling Canadian artist and one of the best-selling artists of all time with record sales of over 200 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fb0706e9e12ac0760eaa97f22c2a852",
"text": "American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R&B Female Artist The American Music Award for Favorite Soul/R & B Female Artist has been awarded since 1974 . Years reflect the year during which the American Music Awards were presented , for works released in the previous year ( until 2003 onward , when awards were handed out on November of the same year ) . The all-time winner in this category is Rihanna with 6 wins .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e69663488a59e4f0c0e3f146e1f5c4b",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Jennifer Lopez Jennifer Lopez is an American singer , actress , dancer , fashion designer and producer . She began her career as an actress for a minor role in the film My Little Girl . Lopez gained her first regular high-profile job as a Fly Girl dancer on In Living Color in 1991 , where she remained for two seasons and remained a regular until she decided to pursue an acting career in 1993 . She received her first leading role in the Selena biopic of the same name in 1997 which made $ 35.5 million at box office . She ventured into the music industry in 1999 , with her debut studio album , On the 6 , preceded by the number-one single `` If You Had My Love '' . In 2001 , she released her second studio album J.Lo which sold over 12 million copies worldwide . she has released eight studio albums overall , as of today . Lopez has sold over 80 million records worldwide . She has won 133 awards from 324 nominations including 3 American Music Awards , 1 BET Awards , 1 Billboard Music Award , 10 Billboard Latin Music Awards , and 2 World Music Awards . In 2014 , she received the prestigious Billboard Icon Award for her contribution in music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aea07889966dfb281a017892f997edfe",
"text": "Cherish (Seiko Matsuda album) Cherish is the forty-fifth studio album by Seiko Matsuda . It came in two different versions , a regular edition which contains the CD album and a first press special edition that contained the CD album plus a 36-page photobook . The album release was n't preceded by any single release , so all the songs in the album are new songs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc172f1ef685c2db421e5343624548f8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance ( previously called Best Rhythm and Blues Solo Vocal Performance , Female ) was an honor presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , to female recording artists for quality R&B songs . Awards in several categories are distributed annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position . '' According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award was presented to artists that performed `` newly recorded solo R&B vocal performances '' . Solo numbers by members of an established group were not eligible for the award as `` separate entries from the duo or group performances . '' Albums were also considered for the accolade until 1992 . As a part of the major overhaul of Grammy categories , the award was discontinued in 2011 . The Female R&B Vocal Performance category , Male R&B Vocal Performance category and all duo/group vocal performances in the R&B category shifted to the Best R&B Performance category in 2012 . The award for the Best Female R&B Vocal Performance was first presented to Aretha Franklin at the 10th Grammy Awards ceremony in 1968 for the song `` Respect '' . Franklin received the most wins with eleven , followed by Anita Baker with five . Franklin also holds the record for the most nominations with twenty-three , while Chaka Khan is second with eight nominations . Fantasia Barrino became the final recipient of the award , when her song `` Bittersweet '' won the award in 2011 . The award was presented to artists from the United States each year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94f7dfc24f3e97de5634b8404ad67a36",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Sharon Stone American actress Sharon Stone has won 10 awards from 41 nominations , including one Emmy Award , one Golden Globe Award , and two MTV Movie Awards . She has also received several `` dishonors '' for poor performances in films , earning three Golden Raspberry Awards , and two Stinkers Bad Movie Awards . Stone 's breakout role as Catherine Tramell in Basic Instinct ( 1992 ) earned her a Chicago Film Critics Association Award , Golden Globe Award , and Saturn Award nominations . This was followed by two nominations for MTV Movie Award for Most Desirable Female for the films Sliver ( 1993 ) and The Specialist ( 1994 ) . For her role as Ginger McKenna in Casino ( 1995 ) , she won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Motion Picture -- Drama and received her only Academy Award nomination for the same category . She guest starred as an attorney who believes she can communicate with God in The Practice ( 1997 -- 2004 ) , a role that earned her the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Drama Series . In Basic Instinct 2 ( 2006 ) , her return to the character Tramell received mixed critical reviews , and garnered her both a Golden Raspberry Award . Stone has also received a number of non-performance honors . She was inducted to the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1995 for her contribution to acting . The actress was nominated for Golden Apple Award for being easy to work with according to her co-stars . In 2005 , she was named Officer of the Order of Arts and Letters in France . She received recognition at the 2006 Women Film Critics Circle Awards for her collaborations with AmfAR with their research on AIDS .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27c19aea00c771f3c6e215d1ff4fb971",
"text": "Cherie Cherie is a given name . Notable people with the name include : Cherie ( singer ) , full name Cyndi Almouzni , French pop and dance singer . Also performed under the mononym Cyndi Cherie Bennett ( born 1960 ) , American novelist , actress , director , playwright , newspaper columnist , singer and television writer Cherie K. Berry , American politician from North Carolina Cherie Blair , ( born 1954 ) , known professionally as Cherie Booth QC , British barrister practising in UK , wife of former prime minister Tony Blair Cherie Chung ( born 1960 ) , Hong Kong film actress Cherie Currie ( born 1959 ) , American musician , singer , songwriter , actress , and artist Cherie DeCastro ( 1922 -- 2010 ) , one of The DeCastro Sisters , a female singing trio Cherie Hausler ( born 1973 ) , Australian television presenter , journalist , food stylist and creative director Cherie Johnson ( born 1975 ) , American film and television actress Cherie Lunghi ( born 1952 ) , English film , television and theatre actress Cherie Piper ( born 1981 ) , Canadian ice hockey player Cherie Priest ( born 1975 ) , American novelist and blogger Cherie Roberts ( born 1978 ) , a.k.a. Kitana Jade , American model and photographer Cherie Witter ( born 1963 ) , American model and Playboy Playmate ( February 1985 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f",
"text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6ba5210015e8629cef3f2f43994b2b4",
"text": "In and Out of Love (Cheri Dennis album) In and Out of Love is the debut album of American R&B singer Cheri Dennis , issued by Bad Boy/Atlantic Records . It was exclusively released through the iTunes Store on November 13 , 2007 , with the physical album made available on February 26 , 2008 . In and Out of Love debuted at # 74 on the Billboard 200 , but never climbed higher . `` Portrait of Love '' , the second of three singles released , reached # 55 on Billboard 's Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . It was originally entitled `` Portrait '' and featured only Yung Joc , but after the single was leaked the title was changed and Gorilla Zoe was added to the song . the first single `` I Love You '' , and the third single `` Pretend '' featuring Maino never charted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09551e69ac34e60adae141376a84bd37",
"text": "List of submissions to the 66th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film The 66th Academy Awards , which were held on March 21 , 1994 , saw 35 countries submit films for competition in the Best Foreign Language Film category . The Academy had initially invited 57 countries to send their best films , and the submission deadline was set on November 22 , 1993 . While the rules were basically unchanged , the applications for the 66th Academy Awards included a new form requesting information about the nationalities of the film 's creative team , due to the controversy that had led to the disqualification of A Place in the World at the 65th Academy Awards . The bolded titles were the five nominated films , which came from Hong Kong , Spain , Taiwan , the United Kingdom and Vietnam . It was the first time that the majority of the nominees in this category came from outside Europe ( it happened again in 1997 , 2006 and 2011 ) and is the only time when there have been three Asian nominees . Vietnam made history by becoming the only Southeast Asian country ever to be nominated in this category ( accurate as of 2013 ) . The prize was ultimately awarded to Spain for the romantic comedy , Belle Epoque .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9e175ca32071aa0cbb8d9c7ce0bcd54",
"text": "American burlesque American burlesque is a genre of variety show . Derived from elements of Victorian burlesque , music hall and minstrel shows , burlesque shows in America became popular in the 1860s and evolved to feature ribald comedy ( lewd jokes ) and female striptease . By the early 20th century , burlesque in America was presented as a populist blend of satire , performance art , music hall , and adult entertainment , featuring striptease and broad comedy acts . The entertainment was presented often in cabarets and clubs , as well as music halls and theatres . Performers , usually female , often created elaborate tableaux with lush , colorful costumes , mood-appropriate music , and dramatic lighting ; novelty acts , such as fire breathing or contortionists , might be added to enhance the impact of their performance . The genre traditionally encompassed a variety of acts : in addition to the striptease artistes , there was some combination of chanson singers , comedians , mime artists , and dancing girls , all delivered in a satiric style with a saucy edge . The striptease element of burlesque became subject to extensive local legislation , leading to a theatrical form that titillated without falling afoul of censors . Burlesque gradually lost popularity beginning in the 1940s . A number of producers sought to capitalize on nostalgia for the entertainment by attempting to recreate the spirit of burlesque in Hollywood films from the 1930s to the 1960s . There has been a resurgence of interest in this format since the 1990s , and it inspired a 2010 musical film , Burlesque , starring Christina Aguilera and Cher .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
92b13e3cdec4f11adf09a65c314e537a | Aaliyah worked with Missy Elliott and Timbaland. | [
{
"docid": "886cadfd65e5b34ebb8495653bb4a22b",
"text": "Aaliyah Aaliyah Dana Haughton ( -LSB- ɑ : ˈliːə -RSB- January 16 , 1979 -- August 25 , 2001 ) was an American singer , actress , and model . She was born in Brooklyn , New York , and raised in Detroit , Michigan . At the age of 10 , she appeared on the television show Star Search and performed in concert alongside Gladys Knight . At age 12 , Aaliyah signed with Jive Records and her uncle Barry Hankerson 's Blackground Records . Hankerson introduced her to R. Kelly , who became her mentor , as well as lead songwriter and producer of her debut album , Age Ai n't Nothing but a Number . The album sold three million copies in the United States and was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . After facing allegations of an illegal marriage with R. Kelly , Aaliyah ended her contract with Jive and signed with Atlantic Records . Aaliyah worked with record producers Timbaland and Missy Elliott for her second album , One in a Million , which sold 3 million copies in the United States and over eight million copies worldwide . In 2000 , Aaliyah appeared in her first film , Romeo Must Die . She contributed to the film 's soundtrack , which spawned the single `` Try Again '' . The song topped the Billboard Hot 100 solely on airplay , making Aaliyah the first artist in Billboard history to achieve this goal . `` Try Again '' earned Aaliyah a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female R&B Vocalist . After completing Romeo Must Die , Aaliyah filmed her role in Queen of the Damned . She released her third and final album , Aaliyah , in July 2001 . On August 25 , 2001 , Aaliyah and eight others were killed in a plane crash in the Bahamas after filming the music video for the single `` Rock the Boat '' . The pilot , Luis Morales III , was unlicensed at the time of the accident and toxicology tests revealed that he had traces of cocaine and alcohol in his system . Aaliyah 's family later filed a wrongful death lawsuit against Blackhawk International Airways , which was settled out of court . Aaliyah 's music has continued to achieve commercial success with several posthumous releases . Aaliyah has sold an estimated 24 to 32 million albums worldwide . She has been credited for helping redefine contemporary R&B , pop and hip hop , earning her the nicknames `` Princess of R&B '' and `` Queen of Urban Pop '' . She is listed by Billboard as the tenth most successful female R&B artist of the past 25 years and 27th most successful R&B artist in history .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a72a3afc328325762718267f60d054fe",
"text": "Blue Gangsta `` Blue Gangsta '' is a song by American recording artist Michael Jackson . The song is the 7th track of Jackson 's second posthumous album Xscape . the song was originally written , composed and produced by Jackson and Dr. Freeze during the `` Invincible '' album recording session in 1998 . The song was re-tooled by Timbaland and Jerome `` J-Roc '' Harmon during the recording session in 2013-2014 of the Xscape album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2647a740e52bfd43b9ad4a7e91142919",
"text": "Chaka Khan Chaka Khan ( born Yvette Marie Stevens , March 23 , 1953 ) is an American recording artist whose career has spanned five decades , beginning in the 1970s as the frontwoman and focal point of the funk band Rufus . Widely known as the Queen of Funk , Khan has won ten Grammys and has sold an estimated 70 million records worldwide . Khan was ranked at number 17 in VH1 's original list of the 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll . In 2015 , she was nominated for induction into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame for the second time ; she was previously nominated as member of Rufus in 2011 . Khan was the first R&B artist to have a crossover hit featuring a rapper , with `` I Feel for You '' in 1984 . In the course of her solo career , Khan has achieved three gold singles , three gold albums and one platinum album with I Feel for You . With Rufus , she achieved four gold singles , four gold albums , and two platinum albums . In December 2016 , Billboard magazine ranked her as the 65th most successful dance artist of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97e56a6c4460aae0a35cccad3bddf9b1",
"text": "The Roots discography The discography of The Roots , an American hip hop band , consists of fourteen solo studio albums , three collaborative studio albums , three compilation albums , two extended plays , and two live albums . The Roots began performing in 1989 as The Square Roots with rapper Black Thought and drummer Questlove . Rapper Malik B. , and bassist Leonard Hubbard joined the band in 1991 . Over its history , Questlove and Black Thought have always remained with The Roots while their lineup of backing musicians has changed . In 1993 , The Roots debuted with independently released album Organix , and signed to DGC Records ( later MCA Records ) that same year . The Roots ' debuted on Geffen with Do You Want More ?!!!??! , an album that was unique in hip hop for using no sampling , and being embraced more by fans of alternative rock than fans of hip hop . Do You Want More ?!!!??! peaked at only number 104 on the Billboard 200 chart in the US . Illadelph Halflife , the third album by the Roots , peaked at number twenty-one on the Billboard 200 . In 1999 , The Roots ' fourth album Things Fall Apart became the band 's biggest success . The album was certified gold in the US , and its single `` You Got Me '' peaked at number thirty-nine on the Billboard Hot 100 , and number nineteen on the Hot Rap Tracks chart . `` You Got Me '' won the Grammy Award for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group in 2000 . In 2002 , The Roots released Phrenology , which contained the band 's second single to chart on the Hot 100 . `` Break You Off '' , which featured Musiq Soulchild , peaked at number ninety-nine . The Roots founded the company Okayplayer , and released The Tipping Point in 2004 . In 2006 , The Roots signed to Def Jam , and released Game Theory under Def Jam and Rising Down in 2008 ; the band 's album How I Got Over was released in 2010 . The Roots released two live concert albums , the first being The Roots Come Alive in 2000 , and the next The Roots Present in 2005 . In 2009 , The Roots became the house band for the late-night show Late Night with Jimmy Fallon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d65854f10b80118cde84497b8c7a6ab3",
"text": "Gimmie Dat `` Gimmie Dat '' is a song by American singer-songwriter Ciara . The song was written by Ciara , along with its two producers Christopher `` Tricky '' Stewart and Kenneth `` Soundz '' Coby for her fourth studio album , Basic Instinct ( 2010 ) . `` Gimmie Dat '' is an uptempo dance song , featuring speedy , kinetic beats and a sensual-breathy tone . The song has been compared to her previous hip hop-flavored dance songs , `` Goodies '' , and `` Work '' , and has also been compared to Missy Elliott 's `` Work It '' . `` Gimmie Dat '' was released as the third single from Basic Instinct on October 15 , 2010 . In some countries , the song was released alongside `` Speechless '' , as a dual single . `` Gimmie Dat '' was well received by music critics , who compliment its uptempo beat . Although the song was well received by critics , it only managed to peak at the lower half of US and UK charts . An official remix of the song , dubbed the `` Slow Bass Remix '' was released in the United States on December 21 , 2010 . It was later confirmed that Ciara had paid for the music video , radio play and promotion of the single herself because the label refused to do so . According to Ciara , her record label even told radio stations to stop playing the song . `` Gimmie Dat '' was Ciara 's final single released under LaFace Records , which she had her contract released from due to Basic Instinct 's underperforming sales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09fbccc09e0845225133080fba22f31d",
"text": "T-Pain discography The discography of T-Pain , an American R&B singer , songwriter record producer and rapper , consists of four studio albums , forty-two singles ( as lead artist , and featured artist ) , five mixtapes , and thirty-six music videos . On December 6 , 2005 , his debut studio album , Rappa Ternt Sanga , is where it first appeared on the charts , when it debuted at number 33 on the US Billboard 200 . Both singles , `` I 'm Sprung '' and `` I 'm 'n Luv ( Wit a Stripper ) '' , peaked in the top ten on the US Billboard Hot 100 . After that , he collaborated with fellow rapper E-40 , along with an singer Kandi Burruss on the single `` U and Dat '' , which it peaked at number 13 in the United States . In 2007 , his second album , titled Epiphany ( 2007 ) , which debuted at number 1 in the United States . The lead single `` Buy U a Drank ( Shawty Snappin ' ) '' , peaked at number one in the United States , the follow-up single `` Bartender '' which peaked at number 5 , and the album 's third single `` Church '' . During 2007 , T-Pain made several guest appearances on songs by other performing artists , the most commercially successful of these being `` Low '' by Flo Rida , which peaked at number one in the United States , and on several national singles charts worldwide . In November 2008 , T-Pain released his third studio album , Three Ringz , debuted at number 4 in the United States , and its consists by all 3 singles -- `` Chopped 'n' Skrewed '' , `` Ca n't Believe It '' and `` Freeze '' . In 2008 , T-Pain appeared on several other singles by other performing artists , including `` Got Money '' by Lil Wayne , `` The Boss by Rick Ross and `` One More Drink '' by Ludacris , among several others . T-Pain 's fourth studio album , Revolver , was released in December 2011 . The album has been preceded by the release of the promotional singles `` Take Your Shirt Off '' , `` Reverse Cowgirl '' and `` Rap Song '' , as well as the single `` Booty Wurk ( One Cheek at a Time ) '' , which attained mixed success on worldwide charts . On May 4 , 2011 , T-Pain released a mixtape , PrEVOLVEr , in promotion of the album . The first official single from Revolver was `` Best Love Song '' , which features Chris Brown . The album 's second single was `` 5 O'Clock '' , which features Wiz Khalifa and Lily Allen . The album 's third single was `` Turn All the Lights On '' , which features Ne-Yo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb8be3c991a5d1821927714830ece52d",
"text": "Lick Shots `` Lick Shots '' is a buzz single by American recording artist Missy `` Misdemeanor '' Elliott from her third album , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) . The song was written and produced by both Elliott and frequent collaborator Timbaland . Although it was never intended to be released as an actual album single , the song was instead released as a buzz single to generate further attention for Elliott 's third album . The song was released promotionally two weeks prior to the release of Elliott 's third album and charted moderately on Billboard Hot Rap Songs and Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks . Prior to its release , the song appeared as a snippet in the music video to Elliott 's preceding single , `` Get Ur Freak On '' . In April 2008 , the song was used during Anete Jensen & Daniel Sarr 's `` hip-hop '' challenge as part of the second-week run of the now-defunct international reality dance competition , So You Think You Can Dance Scandinavia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b2cb9df678d5e1924f82b992ab1d5c6",
"text": "Death of Aaliyah Aaliyah Dana Haughton was an American recording artist who was killed in a plane crash on August 25 , 2001 after boarding a twin-engine Cessna 402B at the Marsh Harbour Airport on the Abaco Islands , Bahamas . She had just completed her work for the music video for her single `` Rock the Boat '' . Employees of Virgin Records America accompanied her on the flight . The light aircraft , piloted by Luis Morales III , crashed shortly after takeoff . In addition to Aaliyah , eight other people were killed in the accident . She was 22 years old . The investigation following the crash looked into the possibility that the aircraft was overloaded . Three days after the crash , Aaliyah 's remains were returned to the United States . Her funeral was held August 31 , 2001 in Manhattan . Her death came only a month after the release of her self-titled third album , Aaliyah . Posters for the album became memorials for grieving fans . At her funeral , she was eulogized by her brother Rashad Haughton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e11e839dd1f904b96d03d4a19249c0f",
"text": "Mama's Gun Mama 's Gun is the second studio album by American neo soul singer Erykah Badu . It was recorded between 1999 and 2000 at Electric Lady Studios in New York and released on November 21 , 2000 , by Motown Records . A neo soul album , Mama 's Gun incorporates funk , soul , and jazz styles . It has confessional lyrics by Badu , which cover themes of insecurity , social issues and personal relationships . The album has been viewed by critics as a female companion to neo soul artist D'Angelo 's second album Voodoo ( 2000 ) , which features a similar musical style and direction . Critics have also noted that while Baduizm contained its share of cryptic lyricism , Mama 's Gun is much more direct in its approach , and places the artist in a subjective position more than its predecessor . The album contains the single `` Bag Lady '' , Badu 's first top 10 Billboard hit , which was also nominated for the Grammy Award for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance and for Best R&B Song . The song `` Did n't Cha Know ? '' was also nominated for Best R&B Song . The album features substantial contributions from several members of the Soulquarians outfit , of which Badu was a member . It also features guests such as soul singer Betty Wright and trumpeter Roy Hargrove . Mama 's Gun was met with great critical success and sold strongly , reaching Platinum two months after its release . Thematically the album explores topics regarding self-esteem , relationship breakdowns , and police brutality , and features a more eclectic sound than its predecessor . Rolling Stone magazine named it one of the Top 10 Albums of 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "888f1cf1f2086a952293cdd563f261f0",
"text": "Danny Boy (singer) Danny Boy Steward ( born October 31 , 1977 ) is a Chicago native known by his stage name Danny Boy or DB . He is a contemporary African-American soul singer originally signed for a five-year run with Death Row Records by Suge Knight . He made his debut on 1994 's Murder Was the Case soundtrack with the R&B charter Come When I Call ( Produced by DJ Quik ) . In 1995 , he released his first single entitled Slip N Slide ( Produced by Reggie Moore and co-produced by DeVante Swing ) with then unknown artist Ginuwine singing the chorus . The video was shot in Cabo , and also features scenes with 2Pac , Snoop Dogg , Nate Dogg and Tha Dogg Pound . Danny is best known for singing the choruses of the 2Pac songs `` I Ai n't Mad at Cha '' , `` What ' z Ya Phone # '' , `` Picture Me Rollin ' '' and `` Heaven Ai n't Hard 2 Find '' on All Eyez on Me , as well as `` Toss It Up '' on The Don Killuminati : The 7 Day Theory . He had recorded several albums ' worth of music while on Death Row Records , but none were released during his time there . Danny Boy also made an appearance on Tha Row 's soundtrack to Eddie Griffin 's Dysfunktional Family movie and also appeared on American Idol , but was disqualified due to continued internet promotion by his former label . He is currently working on some projects for his own label `` Eclectic Soul Music Group '' and resides in the suburbs of Atlanta , Georgia . On April 20 , 2010 Death Row Records , under new management , finally released Danny Boy 's 1996 debut album It 's About Time featuring production by DJ Quik & DeVante Swing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d3ff9f3bf8e815a78f23fdc96b28368",
"text": "Niliria `` Niliria '' is a song by K-pop musician G-Dragon , featuring American recording artist Missy Elliott from G-Dragon 's second studio album , Coup d'Etat ( 2013 ) . To date , it remains as one of the six songs from the album to enter the top ten on South Korea 's Gaon Singles Chart . On 2 December 2013 , the song ranked number 32 on Complex 's The 50 Best Songs of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd",
"text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38c2c4b2a8ee2dabc22e6f59e4c9f5a5",
"text": "E=MC² (Mariah Carey album) E = MC ² is the eleventh studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released in the United States on April 15 , 2008 by Island Records . The singer began recording the album in 2007 in Anguilla , after writing and composing most of its material during and after her 2006 Adventures of Mimi Tour . Carey worked with several notable songwriters and producers during the course of the project , including Jermaine Dupri , Bryan-Michael Cox , Stargate , The-Dream , Tricky Stewart , Scott Storch and Danja . The album revealed a more personal side of the singer , illustrated in its declarative theme of emancipation from her previous marriage , and from her personal and professional setbacks . Although it shared similar vocal production as well as an inclination to her signature pop and R&B ballads , the album also encompassed a variety of dance-oriented and uptempo styles . It was meant to be a continuation , or a second part of her tenth studio album , The Emancipation of Mimi ( 2005 ) . Carey collaborated with a number of artists on the album , including T-Pain , Damian Marley and Young Jeezy . Though considered by critics very similar to the formula its predecessor had been built on , E = MC ² included other genres she had never explored , such as reggae , and her continued recording of gospel-influenced hymns . E = MC ² was generally well received by music critics , with many complimenting the record 's broad genre influences , and musical and production styles . Some critics , however , felt that the album was too similar to The Emancipation of Mimi , and did n't offer anything new from the formula . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 with opening week sales of 463,000 copies ; the highest first-week sales of Carey 's career . It opened inside the top-five on the albums chart in Australia , Canada , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . The album achieved worldwide sales of over 2.5 million copies . Four singles were commission in promotion of the album . The album 's lead single , `` Touch My Body '' , became Carey 's eighteenth chart topper on the Billboard Hot 100 , making her the solo artist with the most number one singles in United States history , surpassing the record held by Elvis Presley . Additionally , it gave Carey her 79th week atop the chart , tying Presley for most weeks at number one . It achieved strong worldwide charting , peaking within the top five of the singles charts in Italy , Japan , New Zealand , Switzerland and the United Kingdom . `` Bye Bye '' served as the album 's second release . Although hailed by critics , and expected to have achieved large commercial success , the song stalled at number nineteen on the Hot 100 , and managed to chart weakly internationally . Both the third and fourth singles , `` I 'll Be Lovin ' U Long Time '' and `` I Stay in Love '' failed to garner success in any prominent music market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d31eb5e687382f726f42ef33d831de7e",
"text": "Ugly (Bubba Sparxxx song) `` Ugly '' was the lead single from American hip hop music artist Bubba Sparxxx 's debut album , Dark Days , Bright Nights . The song was produced and featured guest vocals from famed producer Timbaland . The song features a sample of Missy Elliott 's `` Get Ur Freak On '' and uncredited backing vocals by Elliott 's former protégée Tweet . The single was a success for Bubba , peaking at number fifteen on the Billboard Hot 100 and peaking at number six on both the Billboard Hot Rap Singles and Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . To date , `` Ugly '' is Bubba 's second biggest hit , his 2005 single `` Ms. New Booty '' being his most successful . Outside the United States , the song peaked within the top ten of the charts in the United Kingdom and the top twenty of the charts in the Netherlands and Norway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd9d3b2e7d7cabc2b8e8c0d6d8d2012",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Missy Elliott Missy Elliott is an American rapper , singer-songwriter , author , record producer and actress . Missy 's debut album Supa Dupa Fly was released on July 15 , 1997 in the United States under her own label The Goldmind Inc. signed under Elektra Records . Her second album Da Real World was then released on June 22 , 1999 , followed by her third album Miss E. . . So Addictive , released on May 15 , 2001 . Under Construction was the fourth album released by Elliott , which was released on November 12 , 2002 , followed by her fifth album This Is Not a Test ! that saw a release in November 25 , 2003 , and The Cookbook , Elliott 's latest album to date , which was released on July 4 , 2005 . Throughout Missy Elliott 's career , she has received several awards and nominations . Elliott would also be noted to become the first female rapper in history to take home the award for `` Best International Video '' from VIVA Comet Media Awards for her solo debut single , `` The Rain ( Supa Dupa Fly ) '' . Elliott 's debut Supa Dupa Fly ( 1997 ) would go on to score two Grammy nominations for Best Rap Solo Performance & Best Rap Album , alongside three MTV Music Video Awards nominations for `` Best Direction in a Video , '' `` Best Breakthrough Video '' & `` Best Rap Video '' . Missy Elliott 's second album Da Real World ( 1999 ) attained a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album . She also received an award for `` Best R&B / Soul or Rap Music Video '' by the Soul Train Awards . The album went on to go platinum making it Elliott 's second platinum album . The follow-up , Miss E. . . So Addictive ( 2001 ) , was a commercial success ; selling over 9.2 million copies worldwide making it her third consecutive platinum album . This album would attain twelve MTV Video Music Awards nominations throughout 2001 and 2002 . Additionally , the effort gained Elliott several nominations from various award shows some including , the Grammy Awards , MTV Video Music Awards , and the BET Awards . On March 27 , 2001 , Lil ' Kim , Christina Aguilera , Pink , and Mýa recorded a cover version of the LaBelle song , `` Lady Marmalade '' as a medley for the feature film Moulin Rouge that Missy Elliott wrote and produced , which topped # 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for five weeks . `` Lady Marmalade '' scored Elliott 's first Grammy Award in 2002 for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . Missy Elliott 's fourth album Under Construction ( 2002 ) was certified double platinum , making it her fourth platinum album . The effort gained Elliott eight MTV Video Music Awards in 2003 , taking two awards for `` Video of the Year & `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . The album also gained Elliott five Grammy nominations in 2004 for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group , Best Rap Album , Album of The Year , Best Rap Song & Best Female Rap Solo Performance taking an award for Best Female Rap Solo Performance . Elliott 's follow-up This Is Not a Test ! ( 2003 ) would also attain a platinum certification , as well as two MTV Video Music Awards and one MTV Music Video Japan Awards nominations . The Cookbook ( 2005 ) is Missy Elliott 's latest album to date . The effort attained three Grammy nominations in 2006 for Best Short Form Music Video , Best Rap Song & Best Rap Album . Elliott received the award for Best Short Form Music Video for her single `` Lose Control '' . The Cookbook also gained Elliott seven MTV Video Music Awards nominations , taking two awards for `` Best Dance Video '' and `` Best Hip-Hop Video '' . In 2014 , Missy Elliott became nominated for a Grammy for Best R&B Song for the featured single , `` Without Me '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3facbe3889358a50169daa89645777cb",
"text": "Full Moon (Brandy album) Full Moon is the third studio album by American R&B recording artist Brandy . It was released by Atlantic Records on March 5 , 2002 . The album was recorded primarily during the summer and fall of 2001 at The Hit Factory in Miami , amid a three-year musical hiatus following the success of her multi-platinum previous studio album Never Say Never ( 1998 ) and the finale of her highly successful television sitcom Moesha in May 2001 . As with Never Say Never , Brandy collaborated with producer Rodney Jerkins and his Darkchild production and songwriting team on the majority of the album 's composition , while additional work from Mike City , Warryn Campbell , and Keith Crouch was contributed . Brandy credited Whitney Houston , Kim Burrell and Enya for inspiring her to push the limits of her voice and vocal arrangements . With Brandy in a relationship with one of the album 's primary musicians , its lyrical concepts centered on both sensual and frustrated feelings toward a lover . Jerkins credited Michael Jackson , Brandy 's voice , and his experiences at European nightclubs for influencing the sound of the album . Lyrically , the album speaks on love in all its forms . Musically , Full Moon drew inspiration from UK garage , electro , dance , glitch , and funktronica , while blending soul and R&B elements into adult contemporary ballads . At the time of its release , the album received mixed reviews from music critics , but has since earned retrospective acclaim and recognition from musicians , singers , and producers , primarily for Brandy 's vocal work . The album became Norwood 's highest-charting album , as well as garnering two Grammy Award nominations including Best Contemporary R&B Album at the 45th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony . Full Moon debuted at number one on the U.S. Billboard Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart , and at number two on the Billboard 200 , selling approximately 156,000 copies in its first week of release , and has been certified platinum by the RIAA . The album spawned three singles -- `` What About Us ? '' , `` Full Moon `` and `` He Is '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72210faa77c86b14c4ca33c37f7a9a3c",
"text": "Trippin' (Total song) `` Trippin ' '' is a song by American R&B girl group Total , released as the first single from their second studio album Kima , Keisha , and Pam ( 1998 ) . It was also their second release working with production/writing duo Missy Elliott & Timbaland , after What About Us ? , although Timbaland this time provided only co-production and instrumentation , with the pairs ' longtime collaborator Darryl Pearson instead handling main production with Elliott . Elliott was also often given a `` featuring '' credit ( likely to create increased publicity for the track ) despite only providing background vocals and spoken word to the song . The track was by far the group 's biggest hit , peaking at number seven on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 and number three on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . The song was released with the Puff Daddy , Harve Pierre & Mario Winans Remix as the main version with regards to the singles ' cover and track listings . This remix featured a re-arranged version of the original lyrics , heavily sampled LL Cool J 's `` 4 , 3 , 2 , 1 '' and DMX ( who also appeared on the sampled track ) provided rap vocals . Both the original version ( listed as `` PD Mix '' ) and another main remix ( a similar , stripped-down version : the `` Missy Mix '' ) were also featured . Radio stations and the video however , simply censored the album version/PD Mix and a video for the remix was not shot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f360ebfb40cb4728ec84ceba1d42264b",
"text": "Xscape (album) Xscape is the second posthumous album of previously unreleased tracks by American singer Michael Jackson . It is his eighth album released through Epic Records , and it was released on May 13 , 2014 by Epic Records and MJJ Music . It is the fifth album released by Sony and Motown since Jackson 's death in June 2009 . L.A. Reid , chairman of Epic Records , curated and served as executive producer for the album enlisting Timbaland to lead a team of record producers , including StarGate , Jerome `` J-Roc '' Harmon , John McClain , and Rodney Jerkins , to remix and contemporize the eight selected tracks . Jerkins produced the title song and is the only original song producer to work on the final productions . Xscape was promoted across the Sony group of companies ; Sony Mobile used a snippet of `` Slave to the Rhythm '' in their advertising campaign for the Xperia Z2 mobile phone . `` Love Never Felt So Good '' was announced as the official lead single to premiere on May 1 , 2014 . The deluxe edition of the album includes all of the songs in their original forms as well as one bonus track and two videos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08efd87def549f1aac3d4a3bef8179",
"text": "Strength of a Woman (album) Strength of a Woman is the thirteenth studio album by American singer Mary J. Blige . It was released on April 28 , 2017 by Capitol Records . The album features guest appearances by Kanye West , Quavo , DJ Khaled , Missy Elliott , Prince Charlez , and Kaytranada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
ba42df06247a5dd75d1cd0c63cb0595c | The 19th G7 summit included Italy. | [
{
"docid": "10ff1ed90b6b8eb0909a18065f3ffcf5",
"text": "19th G7 summit The 19th G7 Summit was held in Tokyo , Japan , on July 7 -- 9 , 1993 . The venue for the summit meetings was the State Guesthouse in Tokyo , Japan . The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "dcfbb1fea727171ae7427f1bac12d491",
"text": "Rocco Girlanda Rocco Girlanda ( born January 31 , 1966 ) is an Italian politician . He is also an entrepreneur , journalist and media proprietor . A native of Gubbio , he owns the Italian publishing house Corriere , whose publications include several important newspapers . From 2009 to 2011 he was President of the Italy-USA Foundation , a non-profit organization based in Rome . The Embassy of the United States in Rome officially attended the establishment of the Foundation , represented by the Minister Counselor for Public Affairs . He is a member of the People of Freedom Party , was elected to the Italian Chamber of Deputies in 2008 , and is currently a member of the Judiciary Committee . On Sunday December 13 , 2009 , he met with the American prisoner Amanda Knox in Capanne prison on the outskirts of Perugia , and went on to write a book about his talks with her . In January 2010 he proposed designating December 21 `` National Day of the Victims of Political Hatred '' , in remembrance of the 13 December 2009 aggression directed towards Silvio Berlusconi in Milan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd1d1c5ef6ff2b30779efcbbe05dfb92",
"text": "Modern history of Italy The following articles cover the modern history of Italy : Italian unification ( 1815-1861 ) History of the Kingdom of Italy ( 1861 -- 1946 ) Italian Fascism Italian Colonial Empire History of the Italian Republic ( 1945 to present ) Years of Lead ( Italy ) ( 1969-1988 ) Berlusconi era ( 2001 to present )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83d705f82a1c97ef1ded5dd1f3429404",
"text": "Grand Council of Fascism The Grand Council of Fascism was the main body of Mussolini 's Fascist government in Italy . A body which held and applied great power to control the institutions of government , it was created as a party body in 1923 and became a state body on 9 December 1928 . The council usually met at the Palazzo Venezia , Rome , which was also the seat of head of the Italian government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4ece0da460800da0358d1d39b85f216",
"text": "Italian Council of the European Movement Italian Council of the European Movement is an Italian advocacy group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0846172b922fd44d62b9fae89d03febe",
"text": "Adriatic Sea The Adriatic Sea -LSB- ˌeɪdriˈætᵻk -RSB- is a body of water separating the Italian Peninsula from the Balkan peninsula and the Apennine Mountains from the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges . The Adriatic is the northernmost arm of the Mediterranean Sea , extending from the Strait of Otranto ( where it connects to the Ionian Sea ) to the northwest and the Po Valley . The countries with coasts on the Adriatic are Albania , Bosnia and Herzegovina , Croatia , Greece , Italy , Montenegro and Slovenia . The Adriatic contains over 1,300 islands , mostly located along its eastern , Croatian , coast . It is divided into three basins , the northern being the shallowest and the southern being the deepest , with a maximum depth of 1233 m . The Otranto Sill , an underwater ridge , is located at the border between the Adriatic and Ionian Seas . The prevailing currents flow counterclockwise from the Strait of Otranto , along the eastern coast and back to the strait along the western ( Italian ) coast . Tidal movements in the Adriatic are slight , although larger amplitudes are known to occur occasionally . The Adriatic 's salinity is lower than the Mediterranean 's because the Adriatic collects a third of the fresh water flowing into the Mediterranean , acting as a dilution basin . The surface water temperatures generally range from 30 C in summer to 12 C in winter , significantly moderating the Adriatic Basin 's climate . The Adriatic Sea sits on the Apulian or Adriatic Microplate , which separated from the African Plate in the Mesozoic era . The plate 's movement contributed to the formation of the surrounding mountain chains and Apennine tectonic uplift after its collision with the Eurasian plate . In the Late Oligocene , the Apennine Peninsula first formed , separating the Adriatic Basin from the rest of the Mediterranean . All types of sediment are found in the Adriatic , with the bulk of the material transported by the Po and other rivers on the western coast . The western coast is alluvial or terraced , while the eastern coast is highly indented with pronounced karstification . There are dozens of marine protected areas in the Adriatic , designed to protect the sea 's karst habitats and biodiversity . The sea is abundant in flora and fauna -- more than 7,000 species are identified as native to the Adriatic , many of them endemic , rare and threatened ones . The Adriatic 's shores are populated by more than 3.5 million people ; the largest cities are Bari , Venice , Trieste and Split . The earliest settlements on the Adriatic shores were Etruscan , Illyrian , and Greek . By the 2nd century BC , the shores were under Rome 's control . In the Middle Ages , the Adriatic shores and the sea itself were controlled , to a varying extent , by a series of states -- most notably the Byzantine Empire , the Serbian Empire , the Republic of Venice , the Habsburg Monarchy and the Ottoman Empire . The Napoleonic Wars resulted in the First French Empire gaining coastal control and the British effort to counter the French in the area , ultimately securing most of the eastern Adriatic shore and the Po Valley for Austria . Following Italian unification , the Kingdom of Italy started an eastward expansion that lasted until the 20th century . Following World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire , the eastern coast 's control passed to Yugoslavia and Albania . The former disintegrated during the 1990s , resulting in four new states on the Adriatic coast . Italy and Yugoslavia agreed on their maritime boundaries by 1975 and this boundary is recognised by Yugoslavia 's successor states , but the maritime boundaries between Slovenian , Croatian , Bosnian-Herzegovinian , and Montenegrin waters are still disputed . Italy and Albania agreed on their maritime boundary in 1992 . Fisheries and tourism are significant sources of income all along the Adriatic coast . Adriatic Croatia 's tourism industry has grown faster economically than the rest of the Adriatic Basin 's . Maritime transport is also a significant branch of the area 's economy -- there are 19 seaports in the Adriatic that each handle more than a million tonnes of cargo per year . The largest Adriatic seaport by annual cargo turnover is the Port of Trieste , while the Port of Split is the largest Adriatic seaport by passengers served per year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a26b8e17066484f32f0a53b7e05608f6",
"text": "Italy at the 1972 Summer Olympics Italy competed at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich , West Germany . 224 competitors , 197 men and 27 women , took part in 123 events in 19 sports .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c226753cd12b7a11e3287c7ec048829",
"text": "Campania Campania ( -LSB- kamˈpaːnja -RSB- ) is a region in Southern Italy . The region at the end of 2014 had a population of around 5,869,000 people , making it the third-most-populous region of Italy ; its total area of 13590 km ² makes it the most densely populated region in the country . Located on the Italian Peninsula , with the Mediterranean Sea to the west , it includes the small Phlegraean Islands and Capri for administration as part of the region . Campania was colonised by Ancient Greeks and was part of Magna Græcia . During the Roman era , the area maintained a Greco-Roman culture . The capital city of Campania is Naples . Campania is rich in culture , especially in regard to gastronomy , music , architecture , archeological and ancient sites such as Pompeii , Herculaneum , Paestum and Velia . The name of Campania itself is derived from Latin , as the Romans knew the region as Campania felix , which translates into English as `` fertile countryside '' . The rich natural sights of Campania make it highly important in the tourism industry , especially along the Amalfi Coast , Mount Vesuvius and the island of Capri .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02ed4dfe15eba51f0ae56a01b889d128",
"text": "14th G7 summit The 14th G7 Summit was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada between June 19 and 21 , 1988 . The venue for the summit meetings was the Metro Toronto Convention Centre in central Toronto . The Group of Seven ( G7 ) was an unofficial forum which brought together the heads of the richest industrialized countries : France , West Germany , Italy , Japan , the United Kingdom , the United States , Canada ( since 1976 ) and the President of the European Commission ( starting officially in 1981 ) . The summits were not meant to be linked formally with wider international institutions ; and in fact , a mild rebellion against the stiff formality of other international meetings was a part of the genesis of cooperation between France 's President Giscard d'Estaing and West Germany 's Chancellor Helmut Schmidt as they conceived the first Group of Six ( G6 ) summit in 1975 . Unlike the relatively low key summit at Château Montebello in 1981 , the Toronto summit was held under tight security with involvement of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police ( RCMP ) and Metro Toronto Police . Canada was the first member of the G7/G8 to host both this kind of Summit and an Olympic Games in the same calendar year . In February , Calgary , Alberta , hosted the 1988 Winter Olympics . Canada would do this again 22 years when they hosted the Winter Olympics in Vancouver , British Columbia and then the G8 Summit in Huntsville , Ontario .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "499ac18c3c638d171e96c6d606f071fa",
"text": "List of cathedrals in Italy This is a list of cathedrals in Italy , including also Vatican City and San Marino . This is intended to be a complete list of extant cathedrals - i.e. , churches that are the seats of bishops - and co-cathedrals . Many former cathedrals and proto-cathedrals are also included , but many more are yet to be added . Almost all cathedrals in Italy are Roman Catholic , but any that are not are also listed here . There are many churches in Italy commonly known as Duomo . This is often translated as `` cathedral '' , but not entirely accurately : `` duomo '' refers to the principal church of a town or city , whatever its status . Clearly , when a cathedral exists , that will often also be a town 's principal church , and many cathedrals are thus also `` duomi '' , and vice versa . This is not always so , however : there are places where the cathedral and the principal church are not the same ( Bologna , for example ) ; and very many places which are not the seats of bishops have a non-episcopal `` duomo '' and no cathedral at all . In this list , churches known as `` duomo '' are only included if they are , or have been , episcopal seats , as above . There is a very small number of churches , such as that at Monza , which have such exceptional distinction or status that they are comparable in importance to cathedrals without having ever been the seats of bishops , and are commonly known in English as cathedrals . There is a separate ( incomplete ) list for this small group of churches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a856ab6217bf05b0237188e990c3bb4",
"text": "Financial Stability Forum The Financial Stability Forum ( FSF ) was a group consisting of major national financial authorities such as finance ministries , central bankers , and international financial bodies . The Forum was founded in 1999 to promote international financial stability . Its founding resulted from discussions among Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of the G7 countries , and a study which they commissioned . The Forum facilitated discussion and co-operation on supervision and surveillance of financial institutions , transactions and events . FSF was managed by a small secretariat housed at the Bank for International Settlements in Basel , Switzerland . The FSF membership included about a dozen nations who participate through their central banks , financial ministries and departments , and securities regulators , including : the United States , Japan , Germany , the United Kingdom , France , Italy , Canada , Australia , the Netherlands and several other industrialized economies as well as several international economic organizations . At the G20 summit on November 15 , 2008 it was agreed that the membership of the FSF will be expanded to include emerging economies , such as China . The 2009 G-20 London summit decided to establish a successor to the FSF , the Financial Stability Board . The FSB includes members of the G20 who were not members of FSF .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5933c0fe1de097d50a70b7dc51376c33",
"text": "Palazzo Chigi The Palazzo Chigi ( -LSB- paˈlattso ˈkiːdʒi -RSB- ) is a palace or noble residence in Rome and the official residence of the Prime Minister of the Italian Republic . Since December 12 , 2016 , the occupant of Palazzo Chigi is Paolo Gentiloni . The Palazzo , overlooking the Piazza Colonna and the Via del Corso , was begun in 1562 by Giacomo della Porta and completed by Carlo Maderno in 1580 for the Aldobrandini family . In 1659 it was purchased by the Chigi family . It was then remodelled by Felice della Greca and Giovan Battista Contini . It has five floors , a broad stairway that leads to the living rooms , and a courtyard decorated with a fountain , designed by Giacomo della Porta . The fountain has been copied in many sites in Rome and other Italian cities . In 1878 it became the residence of the Austro-Hungarian Ambassador to Italy . In 1916 it was bought by the Italian state and became the seat of the Minister for Colonial Affairs . Later it was the official residence of the Italian Minister of Foreign Affairs . In 1961 it became the official meeting place of Council of Ministers whose President is the head of the Italian government . The Library Hall was commissioned by Agostino Chigi at the end of the 17th century in order to house the enormous library of cardinal Flavio Chigi . The project was realized by Giovan Battista Contini , a famous architect of the period . The Chigi library or Chigiana contained thousands of valuable manuscripts , to a large part based on the personal library of Pope Alexander VII , a member of the Chigi family . Since the time of Pope Benedict XV , the Vatican attempted to acquire this library , but lacked the necessary funds . Eventually , Pietro Tacchi Venturi was tasked by Pope Pius XI to negotiate the purchase with the newly formed fascist government of Benito Mussolini . Venturi managed to convince Mussolini to donate the library to the Vatican free of charge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbcc7fce449e6f8dd329f7911a6cafe3",
"text": "Italian general election, 1979 General elections were held in Italy on June 3 , 1979 . This election was called just a week before the European vote : the lack of matching between the two elections caused much controversy for wasting public money . Terroristic attacks by the Red Brigades caused a result which was quite opposite than three years before : for the first time the Italian Communist Party lost a lot of votes , delaying that government change that was seeming imminent in 1976 , and the Communist defeat gave a new strength to all the minor parties , a concentration of vote on the Christian Democracy seeming less urgent to stop the red progress . However , the catholic party remained stable , while neo-fascist Italian Social Movement was weakened by its spin-off National Democracy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d13b1b69182bcdd7dc71f2a28e221df",
"text": "Figurehead In politics , a figurehead is a person who holds de jure ( in name or by law ) an important title or office ( often supremely powerful ) , yet de facto ( in reality ) executes little actual power . The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship . Commonly cited figureheads include Queen Elizabeth II , who is Queen of sixteen Commonwealth realms and head of the Commonwealth , but has no power over the nations in which she is not head of state and does not exercise power in her own realms on her own initiative . Other figureheads are the Emperor of Japan , the King of Sweden , or presidents in majority of parliamentary republics , such as the President of India , President of Israel , President of Bangladesh , President of Greece , President of Germany , President of Pakistan , and President of China ( when not simultaneously holding the CPC General Secretary and Chairman of CMC posts ) . During the crisis of the March on Rome in 1922 , King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy , though a figurehead , played a key role in handing power to Benito Mussolini . More than 20 years later , the same King Victor Emmanuel III of Italy played a key role in the dismissal of Benito Mussolini in 1943 . Since the abolition of monarchy in Italy and the establishment of a republic in 1946 , the Italian President assumed most of the ceremonial functions of the previous kings ; however , the Italian President retains large powers in appointing a prime minister of his choice when in parliament there 's no clear majority government , creating a so-called `` president 's cabinet '' ( a technocratic cabinet ) . For example , the former Prime Minister of Italy , Sen Mario Monti , was appointed by the Italian President Giorgio Napolitano as a lifetime-senator and then as Prime Minister of the country , not after a new election . Italian President 's powers and influence are so much stronger is the weaker political parties ' leadership . This system is called `` accordion '' . Conversely , King Juan Carlos I of Spain , also largely considered a figurehead , had in 1981 a key role in defending the newborn Spanish democracy and foiling the attempted coup d'état , known as `` 23-F '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e55436cda6470e25b0ba46943aa8c4d6",
"text": "Indonesia–Italy relations Indonesia -- Italy relations refers to the bilateral relations of Indonesia and Italy . Italy has shown strong desire to improve its relations with Indonesia , especially in intercultural understanding and trade . Indonesia recognizes Italy 's strategic location and important role in the middle of Mediterranean region , while Italy has favoured relations with Indonesia , and sees Indonesia as the leader in Southeast Asia . The relations between two countries not only important to bridge the two regional communities ; European Union and ASEAN , but also vital as intercultural and interfaith dialog , since Indonesia has the largest Muslim population in the world , and Italy is the heart of the Catholic faith . Indonesia has an embassy in Rome , that also accredited to Malta , Cyprus , San Marino , and international organizations such as FAO , IFAD , WFP , and UNIDROIT , while Italy has an embassy in Jakarta .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cf228704cf73786c4e25057a03245dd",
"text": "Summits of the Americas The Summits of the Americas ( SOA ) is a series of international summit meetings bringing together the leaders of countries in the OAS . All countries sent representatives to all meetings except for Cuba , who was expelled from the OAS under US pressure after its Revolution . Cuba joined the Summit on its seventh edition . In the early 1990s , what were formerly ad hoc summits came to be institutionalized into a regular `` Summit of the Americas '' based on the principles of democracy and free trade . The meetings , organized by a number of multilateral bodies led by the Organization of American States , provide an opportunity for discussions about a variety of issues and topics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ae9bb30cb8dcf0c88d11f04c161ca9d",
"text": "Lega Nord Lega Nord ( LN ; literally `` North League '' ) , whose complete name is Lega Nord per l'Indipendenza della Padania ( `` North League for the Independence of Padania '' ) , is a regionalist political party in Italy . The party is often referred to as Northern League by English-language sources , while in Italy it is also referred to simply as Lega or Carroccio . The LN was founded in 1991 as a federation of several regional parties of northern and central Italy , notably including Liga Veneta , Lega Lombarda , Piemont Autonomista , Uniun Ligure , Lega Emiliano-Romagnola and Alleanza Toscana . The party advocates the transformation of Italy into a federal state , fiscal federalism and greater regional autonomy , especially for northern regions . At times the LN has advocated Padanian nationalism and the secession of the North , referred to by party members as Padania . Prior to the party 's adoption of the term , Padania was infrequently used to name the Po Valley and was promoted since 1963 by sports journalist Gianni Brera as a modern name for Cisalpine Gaul . Lega Nord 's founder and former long-standing leader is Umberto Bossi , who was the party 's secretary from 1991 to 2012 . He was succeeded by Roberto Maroni ( who currently serves as President of Lombardy ) , then in December 2013 Matteo Salvini became the new secretary after defeating Bossi in the leadership election . Lorenzo Fontana and Giancarlo Giorgetti are deputy secretaries . Other leading members include Luca Zaia ( President of Veneto ) , Roberto Calderoli , Gian Marco Centinaio , Massimiliano Fedriga , Roberto Cota , Roberto Castelli , Francesco Speroni , Massimo Bitonci and Attilio Fontana . Under Salvini , the party has emphasized Euroscepticism , opposition to immigration and other populist policies , while forming an alliance with nationalist and right-wing populist parties such as France 's National Front , Netherlands ' Party for Freedom and the Freedom Party of Austria at the European level . The party also established a sister party in southern Italy , Us with Salvini . All this has been opposed by Bossi and , to some extent , criticised by Maroni and Zaia . In the most recent regional elections the LN was the largest party in Veneto ( where Zaia was re-elected President by 50.1 % of the vote in 2015 ) and Lombardy , the second-largest in Emilia-Romagna and Tuscany , the third-largest in Liguria , Marche and Umbria , the fourth-largest in Piedmont , and the fifth-largest in Friuli-Venezia Giulia and Trentino .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be615eeb294584461fd1daa2b40e297a",
"text": "Italian general election, 1996 A snap national general election was held in Italy on 21 April 1996 to elect members of the Chamber of Deputies and the Senate of the Republic . Romano Prodi , leader of the centre-left coalition The Olive Tree , won the election , narrowly defeating Silvio Berlusconi , who led the Pole for Freedoms centre-right coalition . For the election , the Lega Nord of Umberto Bossi ran alone , after having left the Berlusconi I Cabinet in 1994 , causing a crisis which drove President Oscar Luigi Scalfaro to appoint a technocratic cabinet led by Lamberto Dini , which in turn lost its Parliamentary support in 1995 , forcing Scalfaro to dissolve the Italian Parliament . The Communist Refoundation Party , led by Fausto Bertinotti , instead made a pre-electoral alliance with The Olive Tree , presenting its own candidates , supported by Prodi 's coalition , mainly in some safe leftist constituencies , in exchange for supporting Olive Tree candidates on the other ones , and ensuring external support for a Prodi government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a39d2f81240e002d253b9d0f6e0b8ba8",
"text": "Peace Implementation Council The Peace Implementation Council ( PIC ) is an international body charged with implementing the Dayton Peace Agreement for Bosnia and Herzegovina . The Council was established at an implementation conference held in London , United Kingdom on December 8 and 9 , 1995 , subsequent to the completion of the negotiations of the accord the preceding month . The Council is , in effect , the realization , through the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina , of the international community 's governance of Bosnia and Herzegovina after signature of the Dayton Agreement . This international control over Bosnia and Herzegovina is to last until the country is deemed politically and democratically stable and self-sustainable . The PIC comprises 55 countries and agencies that support the peace process in many different ways - by assisting it financially , providing troops for SFOR , or directly running operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina . There is also a fluctuating number of observers . Since the London conference , the PIC has come together at the ministerial level another six times to review progress and define the goals of peace implementation for the coming period : in June 1996 in Florence , Italy ; in December 1996 for a second time in London ; in December 1997 in Bonn , Germany ; in December 1998 in Madrid , Spain , in May 2000 and February 2007 in Brussels , Belgium . The PIC clarifies the responsibilities of the High Representative as the main implementing body of the civilian part of the Dayton Agreement , as set out in Annex 10 the Dayton Agreement . For example , the 1997 Bonn session provided the Office of the High Representative with the so-called `` Bonn authority '' to dismiss elected and non-elected officials who obstruct the implementation of the Dayton Agreement . The High Representative from 2006-2007 , Christian Schwarz-Schilling , used this power sparingly , to promote confidence in elected domestic government . This strategy was reversed by the new appointee to that post , Miroslav Lajčák , who imposed several decisions on his first day at work .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68b287eab055bc25c955883b22f42f18",
"text": "List of heads of state of Italy This is a list of the heads of state of Italy , from the unification of Italy in 1861 to the present day . From 1861 to 1946 the head of state was the King of Italy , who was the same person as the King of Sardinia according to the Constitution . Italy became a republic under the Constitution of 1948 and the monarch was replaced by a President .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8dc4a7aee0cddf312a1a83955ea0d15e",
"text": "Australia–Italy relations Australia -- Italy relations are foreign relations between the Commonwealth of Australia and the Italian Republic . Australia has an embassy in Rome and a general consulate in Milan . Italy has an embassy in Canberra , 2 general consulates ( in Melbourne and Sydney ) and 3 consulates ( in Adelaide , Brisbane and Perth ) . Italy and Australia have for long years , sustained a sturdy and positively friendly relationship in the categories of immigration , political strategism , and commercial trade . As of 2011 there were around 916,000 people of Italian descent living in Australia .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5973f9f3c4919d53b30cdaa4c4cc348c | Countries include Haiti. | [
{
"docid": "5a4257c520011341697d0fd5fdcdb08a",
"text": "Haiti Haiti ( -LSB- ˈheɪti -RSB- Haïti -LSB- a.iti -RSB- Ayiti -LSB- ajiti -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Haiti and formerly called Hayti , is a country located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea . It occupies the western three-eighths of the island , which it shares with the Dominican Republic . Haiti is 27750 km2 in size and has an estimated 10.6 million people , making it the most populous country in the Caribbean Community ( CARICOM ) and the second-most populous country in the Caribbean as a whole . The region was originally inhabited by the indigenous Taíno people . Spain discovered the island on 5 December 1492 during the first voyage of Christopher Columbus across the Atlantic . When Columbus initially landed in Haiti , he had thought he had found India or Asia . On Christmas Day 1492 , Columbus ' flagship the Santa Maria ran aground north of what is now Limonade . As a consequence , Columbus ordered his men to salvage what they could from the ship , and he created the first European settlement in the Americas , naming it La Navidad after the day the ship was destroyed . The island was named La Española and claimed by Spain , which ruled until the early 17th century . Competing claims and settlements by the French led to the western portion of the island being ceded to France , which named it Saint-Domingue . The development of sugarcane plantations , worked by slaves brought from Africa , led to the colony being among the most lucrative in the world . In the midst of the French Revolution ( 1789 -- 1799 ) , slaves and free people of colour revolted in the Haitian Revolution ( 1791 -- 1804 ) , culminating in the abolition of slavery and the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte 's army at the Battle of Vertières . Afterward the sovereign nation of Haiti was established on 1 January 1804 the first independent nation of Latin America and the Caribbean , the second republic in the Americas , the only nation in the western hemisphere to have defeated three European superpowers ( France , Spain , and the UK ) , and the only nation in the world established as a result of a successful slave revolt . The rebellion that began in 1791 was led by a former slave and the first black general of the French Army , Toussaint Louverture , whose military genius and political acumen transformed an entire society of slaves into an independent country . Upon his death in a prison in France , he was succeeded by his lieutenant , Jean-Jacques Dessalines , who declared Haiti 's sovereignty and later became the first Emperor of Haiti , Jacques I . The Haitian Revolution lasted just over a dozen years ; and apart from Alexandre Pétion , the first President of the Republic , all the first leaders of government were former slaves . The Citadelle Laferrière is the largest fortress in the Americas . Henri Christophe former slave and first king of Haiti , Henri I built it to withstand a possible foreign attack . It is a founding member of the United Nations , Organization of American States ( OAS ) , Association of Caribbean States , and the International Francophonie Organisation . In addition to CARICOM , it is a member of the International Monetary Fund , World Trade Organization , and the Community of Latin American and Caribbean States . It has the lowest Human Development Index in the Americas . Most recently , in February 2004 , a coup d'état originating in the north of the country forced the resignation and exile of President Jean-Bertrand Aristide . A provisional government took control with security provided by the United Nations Stabilization Mission in Haiti ( MINUSTAH ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2ecbc39d1cdc71d1ea50c97ee90c6272",
"text": "List of cities in Haiti This article shows a list of cities in Haiti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c767c4ad736afab5d6c0cf7017a62d5",
"text": "Territorial evolution of the Caribbean This is a timeline of the territorial evolution of the Caribbean and nearby areas of North , Central , and South America , listing each change to the internal and external borders of the various countries that make up the region . The region covered is the Caribbean , its islands ( most of which enclose the sea ) , and the surrounding coasts , as well as the southern part of the Gulf of Mexico , Florida , Central America , and the northern region of South America . The political evolution of the land surrounding the Caribbean reveals the significant role the region played in the colonial struggles of the European powers since Christopher Columbus arrived in 1492 . In the 20th century the Caribbean was again important during World War II , in the decolonization wave in the post-war period , and in the tension between Communist Cuba and the United States ( U.S. ) . Genocide , slavery , immigration and rivalry between world powers have given Caribbean history an impact disproportionate to the size of this small region . At the time of the European discovery of most of the islands of the Caribbean , three major Amerindian indigenous peoples lived on the islands : the Taíno in the Greater Antilles , The Bahamas and the Leeward Islands ; the Island Caribs and Galibi in the Windward Islands ; and the Ciboney in western Cuba . The Taínos are subdivided into Classic Taínos , who occupied Hispaniola and Puerto Rico , Western Taínos , who occupied Cuba , Jamaica , and the Bahamian archipelago , and the Eastern Taínos , who occupied the Leeward Islands . Trinidad was inhabited by both Carib speaking and Arawak-speaking groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c72fbddc2340d024f4aad2811b2581dd",
"text": "List of rodents of the Caribbean The Caribbean region is home to a diverse and largely endemic rodent fauna . This includes the endemic family Capromyidae ( hutias ) , which are largely limited to the Greater Antilles , and two other groups of endemic hystricognaths , the heteropsomyines and giant hutias , including the extinct bear-sized Amblyrhiza inundata . Lesser Antillean rodent faunas mostly consist of oryzomyines , members of a distantly related group of rodents , and include two of the largest known oryzomyines , Megalomys desmarestii and `` Oryzomys hypenemus '' . Various other rodents are limited to land-bridge islands such as Trinidad , which were connected to the mainland during glacial-period lowered sea levels in the Pleistocene , or to smaller portions of the Caribbean archipelago . Much of the native rodent fauna of the Caribbean are extinct because of human influences , particularly following the introduction of invasive species such as Old World rats . For the purposes of this article , the `` Caribbean '' includes all islands in the Caribbean Sea ( except for small islets close to the mainland ) and the Bahamas , Turks and Caicos Islands , and Barbados , which are not in the Caribbean Sea but biogeographically belong to the same Caribbean bioregion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bfa601fb791f980eae81f20b3239f69",
"text": "Burkina Faso Burkina Faso ( -LSB- usbər ` kiːnə _ , fɑːsoʊ -RSB- ; -LSB- buʁkina faso -RSB- ) is a landlocked country located in West Africa . It covers an area of around 274200 km2 and is surrounded by six countries : Mali to the north ; Niger to the east ; Benin to the southeast ; Togo and Ghana to the south ; and Ivory Coast to the southwest . Its capital is Ouagadougou . In 2014 its population was estimated at just over 17.3 million . Burkina Faso is a francophone country and French is an official language of government and business . Formerly called the Republic of Upper Volta , the country was renamed `` Burkina Faso '' on 4 August 1984 by then-President Thomas Sankara . The citizens of Burkina Faso are known as Burkinabé ( -LSB- bərˈkiːnəbeɪ -RSB- ) . The northwestern part of present-day Burkina Faso was populated by hunter-gatherers from 14,000 BC to 5,000 BC . From the 3rd to the 13th centuries AD , the Iron-Age Bura culture was situated in the territory of present-day southeastern Burkina Faso and southwestern Niger . Various ethnic groups of present-day Burkina Faso , such as the Mossi , Fula and Dyula , arrived in successive waves between the 8th and 15th centuries . From the 11th century the Mossi people established several separate kingdoms . In the 1890s during the European Scramble for Africa , the territory of Burkina Faso was invaded by France , and colonial control was established following a war of conquest between 1896 to 1904 . The territory was made part of French West Africa in 1904 , and the colony of French Upper Volta was established on 1 March 1919 . The colony was named for its location on the upper courses of the Volta River ( the Black , Red and White Volta ) . The Republic of Upper Volta was established on 11 December 1958 as a self-governing colony within the French Community , and on 5 August 1960 it gained full independence , with Maurice Yaméogo as President . After protests by students and labour unions , Yaméogo was deposed in the 1966 coup d'état led by Sangoulé Lamizana , who became President . His rule coincided with the Sahel drought and famine , and facing problems from the country 's traditionally powerful trade unions , he was deposed in the 1980 coup d'état led by Saye Zerbo . Encountering resistance from trade unions once again , Zerbo 's government was overthrown in the 1982 coup d'état led by Jean-Baptiste Ouédraogo . The leader of the leftist faction of Ouédraogo 's government , Thomas Sankara , became Prime Minister but was imprisoned . Efforts to free him led to the popularly-supported 1983 coup d'état , in which he became President . Sankara renamed the country to Burkina Faso and launched an ambitious socioeconomic programme which included a nationwide literacy campaign , land redistribution to peasants , railway and road construction and the outlawing of female genital mutilation , forced marriages and polygamy . Sankara was overthrown and killed in the 1987 coup d'état led by Blaise Compaoré -- deteriorating relations with the former coloniser France and its ally the Ivory Coast was the reason given for the coup . In 1987 Blaise Compaoré became President and , after an alleged 1989 coup attempt , was later elected in 1991 and 1998 , elections which were boycotted by the opposition and received a considerably low turnout , and in 2005 . He remained head of state until he was ousted from power by the popular youth upheaval of 31 October 2014 . He then fled to the Ivory Coast . Michel Kafando subsequently became the transitional President of the country . On 16 September 2015 a military coup d'état against the Kafando government was carried out by the Regiment of Presidential Security . On 24 September 2015 , after pressure from the African Union , ECOWAS and the armed forces , the military junta agreed to step down , and Michel Kafando was reinstated as Acting President . In the general election held on 29 November 2015 , Roch Marc Christian Kaboré won in the first round with 53.5 % of the vote and was sworn in as President on 29 December 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bee55c354356ede8cba03bd4e9f9be59",
"text": "List of endangered languages in Africa An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use , generally because it has few surviving speakers . If it loses all of its native speakers , it becomes an extinct language . UNESCO defines four levels of language endangerment between `` safe '' ( not endangered ) and `` extinct '' : Vulnerable Definitely endangered Severely endangered Critically endangered Africa is the world 's second-largest and second most-populous continent . At about 30.2 million km ² ( 11.7 million sq mi ) including adjacent islands , it covers 6 % of the Earth 's total surface area and 20.4 % of the total land area . With about 922 million people ( as of 2005 ) in 61 territories , it accounts for about 14.2 % of the world 's human population . The continent is surrounded by the Mediterranean Sea to the north , the Suez Canal and the Red Sea to the northeast , the Indian Ocean to the southeast , and the Atlantic Ocean to the west . There are 53 countries , including Madagascar and all the island groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29441278875c8527dd7d9cd2e59c32c0",
"text": "Government of Haiti The government of Haiti is a semi-presidential republic , a multiparty system wherein the President of Haiti is head of state elected directly by popular elections . The Prime Minister acts as head of government and is appointed by the President , chosen from the majority party in the National Assembly . Executive power is exercised by the President and Prime Minister who together constitute the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of the National Assembly of Haiti . The government is organized unitarily , thus the central government delegates powers to the departments without a constitutional need for consent . The current structure of Haiti 's political system was set forth in the Constitution of March 29 , 1987 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5e2e7bcbde40774ec4f51ea60d666e0",
"text": "Archipelagic state An archipelagic state is any internationally recognized state or country that comprises a series of islands that form an archipelago . The term is defined by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea in order to define what borders such states should be allowed to claim . In various conferences , Fiji , Indonesia , Papua New Guinea , the Bahamas , and the Philippines are the five sovereign states that obtained approval in the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea signed in Montego Bay , Jamaica on December 10 , 1982 and qualified as archipelagic states . Archipelagic states are states that are composed of groups of islands forming a state as a single unit , with the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters . Under this concept ( `` archipelagic doctrine '' ) , an archipelago shall be regarded as a single unit , so that the waters around , between , and connecting the islands of the archipelago , irrespective of their breadth and dimensions , form part of the internal waters of the state , and are subject to its exclusive sovereignty . The approval of the United Nations for the five sovereign states as archipelagic states respect existing agreements with other countries and shall recognize traditional fishing rights and other legitimate activities of the immediately adjacent neighboring countries in certain areas falling within archipelagic waters . The terms and conditions for the exercise of such rights and activities , including the nature , the extent and the areas to which they apply , shall , at the request of any of the countries concerned , be regulated by bilateral agreements between them . Such rights shall not be transferred to or shared with third countries or their nationals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd3fa4f3fdea27b0026d40cf10745479",
"text": "Haiti at the Paralympics Haiti first participated in the Paralympic Games in 2008 , sending a single athlete , Nephtalie Jean-Louis , to compete in powerlifting . Due to unspecified `` problems with her weight '' , however , Jean-Louis was ultimately unable to compete , and was listed as a non-starter in her event ( powerlifting ) . Thus it was only at the 2012 Summer Paralympics in London that Haitian athletes competed for the first time . The country was represented by two athletes : Nephtalie Jean-Louis , in the shot put and javelin rather than in powerlifting ; and Josue Cajuste , also in the shot put and javelin . Haiti 's participation in the Paralympics is overseen by the Comité National Paralympique d'Haïti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b1025df31b2b9f4726b434106e44afd",
"text": "Hinduism in Haiti",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "898a706e8d1055d20c2c60e4ccdc91e2",
"text": "List of populated places affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake This is a list of populated places and structures affected by the 2010 Haiti earthquake , a magnitude 7.0 Mw earthquake which occurred on 12 January 2010 , with an epicentre approximately 25 km west of Port-au-Prince , Haiti , and affected an estimated three million people . The Haitian government estimated that 230,000 people died , 300,000 were injured and 1,000,000 made homeless by the quake . The earthquake caused extensive damage to infrastructure in southwestern Haiti -- in February , Prime Minister Jean-Max Bellerive estimated that 250,000 residences and 30,000 commercial buildings had collapsed or were severely damaged . The deputy mayor of Léogâne , at the epicentre of the earthquake , reported that 90 percent of buildings in the city were destroyed and Léogâne had `` to be totally rebuilt . '' As much as 90 percent of Grand-Goâve was devastated , including all public buildings . In Gressier , 40 -- 50 percent of buildings were destroyed ; the same in the worst-affected areas of Carrefour . Jacmel , the capital of Sud-Est Department , also was heavily affected ; 70 percent of homes in the city were damaged according to the mayor of Jacmel , as well as the airport , hospital and city hall building . Many landmark buildings were damaged or destroyed , including the Presidential Palace , the National Assembly building ( Palais Législatif ) , the Supreme Court building ( Palais de Justice ) and the Holy Trinity and Port-au-Prince Cathedrals . Port-au-Prince 's main port and airport , the Port international de Port-au-Prince and Toussaint Louverture International Airport also suffered severe damage , as did Killick , the Haitian Coast Guard 's base in the capital city . The Ciné Institute , Haiti 's only film school , `` lost two buildings '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8e9ff3bcd10a3762802e87a33bdd711",
"text": "Isleño Isleño ( -LSB- izˈleɲo -RSB- , pl . isleños ) is the Spanish word meaning `` islander . '' The term was applied to the Canary Islanders to distinguish them from Spanish mainlanders known as `` peninsulars '' ( links = no ) . The Isleños are the inhabitants of the Canary Islands , and by extension the descendants of Canarian settlers and emigrants to present-day Louisiana , Texas , Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Venezuela , Puerto Rico , and other parts of the Americas . In these places , the name , which formerly referred to a general category of people , now refers to the specific cultural identity of Canary Islanders or their descendants throughout Latin America and in Louisiana , where they are still called isleños . Another name for Canary Islander in English is `` Canarian . '' In Spanish , an alternative is canario or isleño canario . The term isleño is still used in Latin America , at least in those countries which had large Canarian populations , to distinguish a Canary Islander from a peninsular ( continental Spaniard ) . By the early 19th century there were more people of Canarian extraction in the Americas than in the Canary Islands themselves , and the number of descendants of those first immigrants is exponentially larger than the number who originally migrated . The Americas were the destination of most Canarian immigrants , from their discovery by Europeans in the 15th century until the 20th century , when substantial numbers went to the Spanish colonies of Ifni , Western Sahara and Equatorial Guinea in Africa during the first half of the century . Beginning in the 1970s , they began to emigrate to other European countries , although emigration to the Americas did not end until the early 1980s . The cultures of Cuba , the Dominican Republic , Puerto Rico , Venezuela , and Uruguay partially have all been influenced by Canarian culture , as have the dialects of Spanish spoken in all but Uruguay . Although almost all descendants of Canary Islanders who emigrated to the Americas from the 16th to the 20th century are incorporated socially and culturally within the larger populations , there remain a few communities that have preserved at least some their ancestors ' Canarian culture , as in Louisiana , San Antonio in Texas , Hatillo , Puerto Rico San Carlos de Tenerife ( now a neighborhood of Santo Domingo ) in the Dominican Republic and San Borondón in Peru .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "279ffbc2bda502e62f1abc22445bdc8a",
"text": "Arab Haitians Arab Haitians are Haitian citizens of Arab ethnic . In Haiti , there are a sizable number of Haitians that are of Middle-Eastern ancestry or trace their origins to Arab descendants . Hadrami and Levantine Arabic ancestry can be found within the Arab Haitian community known in Arabic as Bilad al-Sham , primarily Lebanon and Syria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef04d468cf5c69e16dc98f8beb982df5",
"text": "Human trafficking in Colombia The country of Colombia is a major source country for women and girls subjected to trafficking in persons , specifically forced prostitution in Latin America , the Caribbean , Western Europe , Asia , and North America , including the United States . Within Colombia , some men are found in conditions of forced labor , but the forced prostitution of women and children from rural areas in urban areas remains a larger problem . Individual cases of forced marriage -- a risk factor for trafficking -- involuntary domestic servitude , and forced begging have been reported . Some children are subjected to forced labor in mines and quarries , in the agricultural sector or as domestic servants . Groups at high risk for internal trafficking include displaced persons , poor women in rural areas , and relatives of members of criminal organizations . Continued armed violence in Colombia has displaced many communities , making them vulnerable to human trafficking . Guerillas and new illegal armed groups forcibly recruit children to join their ranks ; the government estimates thousands of children are exploited under such conditions . Members of gangs and organized criminal networks force their relatives and acquaintances , and displaced persons -- typically women and children -- into conditions of forced prostitution and forced labor , including forced work in the illegal drug trade . Colombia also is a destination for foreign child sex tourists , particularly coastal cities such as Cartagena and Barranquilla . Migrants from South America , Africa , and China transit Colombia en route to the United States and Europe ; some may fall victim to traffickers . The Government of Colombia fully complies with the minimum standards for the elimination of trafficking in persons . During the reporting period , the government increased law enforcement actions against trafficking offenders , enhanced prevention efforts , and continued to offer victim services through an interagency trafficking operations center and through partnerships with NGOs and international organizations . The significant number of Colombians trafficked abroad , however , reflects the need for increased prevention efforts and victim services .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aad7edc6c6e285e52037f6c056b84033",
"text": "List of companies of Guatemala Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west , the Pacific Ocean to the southwest , Belize to the northeast , the Caribbean to the east , Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast . With an estimated population of around 15.8 million , it is the most populated state in Central America . A representative democracy , Guatemala 's capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción , also known as Guatemala City . Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) in purchasing power parity ( PPP ) in 2010 was estimated at $ 70.15 billion USD . The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 63 % , followed by the industry sector at 23.8 % and the agriculture sector at 13.2 % ( 2010 est. ) . Mines produce gold , silver , zinc , cobalt and nickel . The agricultural sector accounts for about two-fifths of exports , and half of the labor force . Organic coffee , sugar , textiles , fresh vegetables , and bananas are the country 's main exports . Inflation was 3.9 % in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00f3a69f001faa6b9972ae7572a1d9d0",
"text": "Human trafficking in Venezuela Venezuela is a source , transit , and destination country for men , women , and children trafficked for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor . Venezuela 's political , economic , and social concerns contribute to the factors and types of human trafficking in the country . In particular , the severe poverty in Venezuela has increased the rate of human trafficking . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked within the country for sexual exploitation , lured from poor regions in the nation 's interior to urban and tourist areas . Victims are recruited through false job offers and subsequently forced into prostitution or conditions of labor exploitation . Child prostitution in urban areas and child sex tourism in resort destinations such as Margarita Island appear to be growing . Venezuelan women and girls are trafficked for commercial sexual exploitation to Western Europe and Mexico , in addition to Caribbean destinations such as Trinidad and Tobago , Aruba , and the Dominican Republic . Men , women , and children from Colombia , Peru , Ecuador , Brazil , the Dominican Republic , and the People 's Republic of China are trafficked to and through Venezuela and may be subjected to commercial sexual exploitation and forced labor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0905c242efdfbc197f7edddaafe75261",
"text": "List of people by number of countries visited This is a list of people by number of countries and territories visited . There are a number of people claiming to have visited every country in the world , though there is great debate as to how many countries there are in the world . The most commonly agreed base number is the number of United Nations member states , of which there are 193 . According to the United Nations , `` The recognition of a new State or Government is an act that only other States and Governments may grant or withhold . '' As a result , the membership of some countries to the United Nations is blocked by one or more other members , such as Taiwan and Kosovo , and there are also two observer states , the Holy See and the State of Palestine . Additionally , there are various dependencies and territories that maintain autonomy , their own government , immigration , and/or print their own currency , and can be widely held as de facto countries by travellers . ISO 3166 is maintained by ISO as an updated list of the aforementioned derived from United Nations sources ( Terminology Bulletin Country Names and the Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use maintained by the United Nations Statistics Divisions ) , and lists 249 countries . The Travelers ' Century Club , whose membership is limited to those travellers who have visited one hundred or more territories of the world , maintains its own official list of countries and territories , a total of 325 as of 1 January 2016 , which includes geographically separated areas , such as Hawaii and other areas of cultural interest . This list of people by countries visited does not prescribe one list as correct ; rather , it lists the number of countries visited from any of these competing lists . The Best Travelled is also considered a reference for the 1281 world regions and well travelled people , and hold a verification process to check on traveller 's claims . Their UN Master List regroups all those travellers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a699f6127d3753a5b67973b7bcdaaea9",
"text": "French Guiana French Guiana ( pronounced -LSB- giːˈɑːnə -RSB- or -LSB- giːˈænə -RSB- , Guyane française -LSB- ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , officially called Guiana ( Guyane ) , is an overseas department and region of France , located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas . It borders Brazil to the east and south , and Suriname to the west . Its 83,534 km2 area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km2 , with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne , its capital . By land area , it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union . Both the region and the department have been ruled since December 2015 by a single assembly within the framework of a new territorial collectivity , the French Guiana Territorial Collectivity ( French : collectivité territoriale de Guyane ) . This assembly , the French Guiana Assembly ( French : assemblée de Guyane ) , has replaced the former regional council and departmental council , which were both disbanded . The French Guiana Assembly is in charge of regional and departmental government . Its president is Rodolphe Alexandre . The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans . The first French establishment is recorded in 1503 but the French presence did n't really become durable until 1643 and the foundation of Cayenne . Guiana then became a slave colony and saw its population increase until the official abolition of slavery at the time of the French revolution . Guiana temporarily became a French department in 1797 but was gradually transformed into a penal colony with the establishment of a network of camps and penitentiaries spread over the coast where prisoners were sentenced to forced labor . During World War II , the Guianan Félix Éboué was one of the first to stand behind General de Gaulle as early as June 18 , 1940 . Guiana officially rallied Free France in 1943 . It definitively abandoned its status as a colony and became again a French department in 1946 . De Gaulle , who became president , decided to establish the Guiana Space Center in 1965 . It is now operated by the CNES , Arianespace and the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . Several thousand Hmong refugees from Laos migrated to French Guiana in the late 1970s and early 1980s . Nowadays fully integrated in the French central state , Guiana is a part of the European Union , and its official currency is the euro . The region is the most prosperous territory in South America with the highest GDP per capita . A large part of Guiana 's economy derives from the presence of the Guiana Space Centre , now the European Space Agency 's primary launch site near the equator . As elsewhere in France , the official language is French , but each ethnic community has its own language , of which Guianan Creole is the most widely spoken .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90c2632e1e0f1a0aa4cba04872c6f1a7",
"text": "André Apaid André Apaid , Jr. , the leader of the Group of 184 in Haiti , the civil society movement which forced Jean-Bertrand Aristide from power in 2004 through a coup d'état . He is the head of Alpha Industries , one of the largest assembly factories in Haiti , and of Fondation Nouvelle Haiti , a member of the Initiative de la Societe Civile group . Numerous allegations have been made against Apaid : His father , Andre Apaid , Senior , a Haitian immigrant of Lebanese origin , had been a strong supporter of Jean-Claude Duvalier . The root of the Apaid family 's opposition to Aristide is believed to be Aristide 's doubling of the minimum wage in 1991 , which conflicted with Alpha Industries business practices . Alpha Industries had been described in international reports as a notorious sweatshop . Apaid has also been accused of tax evasion . Apaid is the head of the Group of 184 , a group that is seen by some as a legitimate political organization and by others as an instigator of violence . Apaid reportedly has close ties with Thomas `` Labanye '' Robinson , a violent and dangerous gang leader in Cité Soleil , a slum outside Port-au-Prince . The Center for the Study of Human Rights states that Apaid pays Labanye to kill supporters of the Lavalas party , the political party of Aristide . The switch to electronic voting in Haiti , though the majority of Haiti is without electricity , is being promoted by Claude Apaid , the brother of André Apaid and the owner of the computer company that has secured the government contract to supply voting machines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "819050dfe1512c05b8eefb494d64129c",
"text": "Transport in Haiti All of the major transportation systems in Haiti are located near or run through the capital , Port-au-Prince .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
85075b0906408ca64112ba154b6c9d68 | Some of the denizens of Somalia are employed outside the country. | [
{
"docid": "02dce73eb2493193310fb0a4ed020802",
"text": "Somalia Somalia ( -LSB- səˈmɑːliə , _ soʊ - , _ - ljə -RSB- ; Soomaaliya الصومال ) , officially the Federal Republic of Somalia ( Jamhuuriyadda Federaalka Soomaaliya , جمهورية الصومال الفيدرالية ) , is a country located in the Horn of Africa . It is bordered by Ethiopia to the west , Djibouti to the northwest , the Gulf of Aden to the north , the Indian Ocean to the east , and Kenya to the southwest . Somalia has the longest coastline on Africa 's mainland , and its terrain consists mainly of plateaus , plains and highlands . Climatically , hot conditions prevail year-round , with periodic monsoon winds and irregular rainfall . Somalia has an estimated population of around 16.3 million . Around 85 % of its residents are ethnic Somalis , who have historically inhabited the northern part of the country . Ethnic minorities are largely concentrated in the southern regions . The official languages of Somalia are Somali and Arabic , both of which belong to the Afroasiatic family . Most people in the country are Muslim , with the majority being Sunni . In antiquity , Somalia was an important commercial centre . It is among the most probable locations of the fabled ancient Land of Punt . During the Middle Ages , several powerful Somali empires dominated the regional trade , including the Ajuran Empire , the Adal Sultanate , the Warsangali Sultanate , and the Geledi Sultanate . In the late 19th century , through a succession of treaties with these kingdoms , the British and Italian empires gained control of parts of the coast and established the colonies of British Somaliland and Italian Somaliland . In the interior , Mohammed Abdullah Hassan 's Dervish State repelled the British Empire four times and forced it to retreat to the coastal region , before succumbing to defeat in 1920 by British airpower . The toponym Somalia was coined by the Italian explorer Luigi Robecchi Bricchetti ( 1855 -- 1926 ) . Italy acquired full control of the northeastern , central and southern parts of the area after successfully waging the so-called Campaign of the Sultanates against the ruling Majeerteen Sultanate and Sultanate of Hobyo . Italian occupation lasted until 1941 , yielding to British military administration . British Somaliland would remain a protectorate , while Italian Somaliland in 1949 became a United Nations Trusteeship under Italian administration , the Trust Territory of Somaliland . In 1960 , the two regions united to form the independent Somali Republic under a civilian government . The Supreme Revolutionary Council seized power in 1969 and established the Somali Democratic Republic . Led by Mohamed Siad Barre , this government later collapsed in 1991 as the Somali Civil War broke out . Various armed factions began competing for influence in the power vacuum , particularly in the south . During this period , due to the absence of a central government , Somalia was a `` failed state '' , and residents returned to customary and religious law in most regions . A few autonomous regions , including the Somaliland and Puntland administrations emerged in the north . The early 2000s saw the creation of fledgling interim federal administrations . The Transitional National Government ( TNG ) was established in 2000 , followed by the formation of the Transitional Federal Government ( TFG ) in 2004 , which reestablished national institutions such as the military . In 2006 , the TFG , assisted by Ethiopian troops , assumed control of most of the nation 's southern conflict zones from the newly formed Islamic Courts Union ( ICU ) . The ICU subsequently splintered into more radical groups such as Al-Shabaab , which battled the TFG and its AMISOM allies for control of the region . By mid-2012 , the insurgents had lost most of the territory that they had seized . In 2011 -- 2012 , a political process providing benchmarks for the establishment of permanent democratic institutions was launched . Within this administrative framework a new provisional constitution was passed in August 2012 , which reformed Somalia as a federation . Following the end of the TFG 's interim mandate the same month , the Federal Government of Somalia , the first permanent central government in the country since the start of the civil war , was formed and a period of reconstruction began in Mogadishu . Somalia has maintained an informal economy , mainly based on livestock , remittances from Somalis working abroad , and telecommunications .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "36fcb51fbb8906b9b79236efbe5856b4",
"text": "List of representative offices of Somaliland This page lists the representative offices of Somaliland . Somaliland is a de facto independent republic , but its independence remains unrecognised by any country or international organisation . All countries recognize Somaliland as part of Somalia . The government of Somaliland maintains informal ties with some foreign governments and has small network of representative offices abroad . These missions do not have formal diplomatic status under the provisions of the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "188be920bf9234e8c666830e8f7a2606",
"text": "List of companies of Tanzania Tanzania is a large country in Eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region . Parts of the country are in Southern Africa . It is bordered by Kenya and Uganda to the north ; Rwanda , Burundi , and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west ; Zambia , Malawi , and Mozambique to the south ; and by the Indian Ocean to the east . Kilimanjaro , Africa 's highest mountain , is in northeastern Tanzania . The country has the second largest economy in the East African Community and the twelfth largest in Africa . It is largely dependent on agriculture for employment , accounting for about half of the employed workforce . An estimated 34 percent of Tanzanians currently live in poverty . The economy has been transitioning from a command economy to a market economy since 1985 . Although total GDP has increased since these reforms began , GDP per capita dropped sharply at first , and only exceeded the pre-transition figure in around 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f74e1c47ae48f7b5e27f76bedfd9aa68",
"text": "Somali detainees at Guantanamo Bay There were a total of four Somali detainees in Guantanamo of a total of 778 detainees that have been held in the Guantanamo Bay detention camps , in Cuba since the camps opened on January 11 , 2002 . The camp population peaked in 2004 at approximately 660 . Only nineteen new suspects , all `` high value detainees '' have been transferred there since the United States Supreme Court 's ruling in Rasul v. Bush . As of January 2008 the camp population stand at approximately 285 . When the DoD was forced to publish its first official list of detainees , on May 15 , 2006 , it listed two detainees from Somalia . In 2006 and 2007 two more detainees from Somalia were transferred to Guantanamo from the CIA 's network of `` black sites '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5448dd67e06269357a39b09d27ecdf59",
"text": "List of companies based in Eritrea Eritrea , officially the State of Eritrea , is a country in the Horn of Africa . The economy of Eritrea has experienced considerable growth in recent years , indicated by an improvement in Gross domestic product ( GDP ) in October 2012 of 7.5 percent over 2011 . However , worker remittances from abroad are estimated to account for 32 percent of gross domestic product . Eritrea has an extensive amount of resources such as copper , gold , granite , marble , and potash . The Eritrean economy has undergone extreme changes due to the War of Independence . In 2011 , Eritrea 's GDP grew by 8.7 percent making it one of the fastest growing economies in the world . The Economist Intelligence Unit ( EIU ) expects it to maintain a high growth rate of 8.5 percent in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a03154aac69641e056ff36564814369",
"text": "Art of Burkina Faso Burkina Faso is a small , landlocked country north of Ghana and south of Mali and Niger . Economically , it is one of the four or five poorest countries in the world . Culturally , it is extremely rich . In part this is because so few people from Burkina have become Muslim or Christian . Many of the ancient artistic traditions for which Africa is so well known have been preserved in Burkina Faso because so many people continue to honor the ancestral spirits , and the spirits of nature . In great part they honor the spirits through the use of masks and carved figures . Many of the countries to the north of Burkina Faso had become predominantly Muslim , while many of the countries to the south of Burkina Faso are heavily Christian . In contrast many of the people of Burkina Faso continue to offer prayers and sacrifices to the spirits of nature and to the spirits of their ancestors . The result is that they continue to use the sorts of art that we see in museums in Europe and America . One of the principal obstacles to understanding the art of Burkina Faso , including that of the Bwa , has been a confusion between the styles of the Bwa , `` gurunsi '' , and Mossi , and a confusion of the Bwa people with their neighbors to the west the Bobo people . This confusion was the result of the use by French colonial officers of Jula interpreters at the turn of the century . These interpreters considered the two peoples to be the same and so referred to the Bobo as `` Bobo-Fing '' and to the Bwa as `` Bobo-Oule . '' In fact , these two peoples are not related at all . Their languages are quite different , their social systems are quite different , and certainly their art is quite different . In terms of artistic styles the confusion stems from the fact that the Bwa , `` gurunsi ' '' and Mossi make masks that are covered with red white and black geometric graphic patterns . This is simply the style of the Voltaic or Gur peoples , and also includes the Dogon and other peoples who speak Voltaic languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffe4be64ffe233ef592b928887a0d84a",
"text": "Hobyo Hobyo ( Hobyo , also known as Obbia ) , is an ancient port city in the north-central Mudug region of Somalia also known as The Heart of Somalia . Hobyo serves as the main pain port of Galmudug State . From the 13th to 17th century Hobyo was ruled by the Ajuran Sultanate . However , in the late 17th century the Hiraab successfully revolted against the Ajuran Sultanate and established an independent Hiraab Imamate , which included Hobyo . According to Dr. Bernhard Helander of Uppsala University , `` the Imam of Hiraab is a hereditary position that traditionally is held by a person of the first-born branch . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b93cda97198ae0e2cdcb9496cab52c29",
"text": "Self Employed Women's Association Self-Employed Women 's Association ( SEWA ) , meaning `` service '' in several Indian languages , is a trade union based in Ahmedabad , India that promotes the rights of low-income , independently-employed female workers . With over 2 million participating women , SEWA is the largest organization of informal workers in the world and largest non-profit in India ( Chen et . al. 2015 ) . Self-employed women are defined as those who do not receive a salary like that of formally-employed workers and therefore have a more precarious income and life . SEWA is framed around the goal of full employment in which a women secures for her family : income , food , health care , child care , and shelter . The principles behind accomplishing these goals are struggle and development , meaning negotiating with stakeholders and providing services , respectively . SEWA was founded in 1972 by Gandhian and civil rights leader Ela Bhatt as a branch of Textile Labour Association ( TLA ) , a labour union founded by Gandhi in 1918 . The organization grew very quickly , with 30,000 members in 1996 , to 318,527 in 2000 , to 1,919,676 in 2013 . Contemporaneous with this uptick in members is a change in India 's economy and society . Liberalizing the economy to foreign trade in 1991 caused a huge migration of rural inhabitants to Indian cities that then forced urban dwellers into informal occupations . Since the financial crisis of 2008 , over 90 % of India 's working population is in the informal sector ( Shakuntala 2015 ) ; yet 94 % of working women in 2009 worked in the informal sector ( Bhatt 2009 ) . India 's history and modern culture of female subjugation also contributes to this disparity because traditional gender roles exclude women from regular , secure forms of labour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b795794e1c2b3d1aeec410f4f4b47516",
"text": "Battle of Mogadishu (2010–11) The Battle of Mogadishu ( 2010 -- 2011 ) began on 23 August 2010 when al-Shabaab insurgents began attacking government and African Union Mission to Somalia ( AMISOM ) positions in the Somali capital of Mogadishu . Al-Shabaab began its offensive after its spokesman said the group was declaring a `` massive war '' on troops sent by AMISOM , describing its 6,000 peacekeepers as `` invaders '' . In December 2010 the number of AMISOM troops was increased to 8,000 and later to 9,000 . The battle 's name usually includes the years , when referenced , in order to distinguish it amongst the nine major Battles of Mogadishu during the decades long Somali Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0279aaa245db83438bbd9a490156dc98",
"text": "Baidoa Baidoa ( Baydhabo ) , is capital in the southwestern Bay region of Somalia.During the Middle Ages , Baidoa and its surrounding area was part of the Ajuran Sultanate . in 2005 Transitional Federal Government established temporary headquarters in Baidoa before an eventual relocation of government offices to Mogadishu . In 2012 , it was made the capital of the Southwestern State of Somalia , a prospective Federal Member State .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d961c9696340ae43fd5038ceb517316",
"text": "Saudization Saudization or Saudisation of the workforce -- the replacement of foreign workers with Saudi nationals in the private sector -- is the official national policy of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia . While many Saudis are employed by the government , there are not enough jobs for the growing number of youth . As of 2006 the private sector was largely dominated by expatriate workers from Southeast Asia and the Arab world . The Saudi Government took the decision to reduce unemployment among native Saudis , under the slogan ` Let 's Put the Saudi in Saudization ' . Companies which `` fail to comply '' with Saudization regulations have been warned that they `` will not be awarded government contracts '' . While the `` Saudi political elite '' is agreed on the importance of Saudization , Saudi businesses have complained of its implementation and sought ways to avoid it . Since 2005 , the target Saudization rate has been set at 75 % for the private sector , however in most sectors the actual rates are still much lower , because most Saudis are not interested in working jobs requiring manual labor . In 2014 the Saudi Gazette reported that one of the targets of the kingdom 's Ninth Development Plan ( 2010-2015 ) -- to `` bring down the unemployment rate to 5.5 percent and revive the Saudization strategy '' -- had not been realized .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b0dc6654e5813d7ef6cb725a887118b",
"text": "Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia , estimated to number about 9 million as of April 2013 , began migrating to the country soon after oil was discovered in the late 1930s . Initially , the main influx was composed of Arab and Western technical , professional and administrative personnel , but subsequently substantial numbers came from Southeast Asia . Saudi Arabia has become increasingly dependent on foreign labour , and although foreign workers remain present in technical positions , most are now employed in the agriculture , cleaning and domestic service industries . The hierarchy of foreign workers is often dependent on their country of origin ; workers from India and western nations generally hold the highest positions not held by Saudis , and the lower positions are occupied by persons from Africa , and Southeast Asia . The Saudi government has faced criticism from legal bodies and employers over the treatment of foreign workers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e18ade79c26755811cca1b7e8fa662d8",
"text": "Overseas",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32693bda55096ed62136bfad10369a30",
"text": "Mogadishu Mogadishu ( -LSB- ˌmɔːɡəˈdiːʃuː -RSB- Muqdisho -LSB- mʉqdɪʃɔ -RSB- ; مقديشو -LSB- maqadiːʃuː -RSB- ) , known locally as Hamar , is the capital and most populous city of Somalia . Located in the coastal Banaadir region on the Indian Ocean , the city has served as an important port for millennia . , it has a population of 2,425,000 residents . Tradition and old records assert that southern Somalia , including the Mogadishu area , was historically inhabited by hunter-gatherers . These were later joined by Cushitic-speaking agro-pastoralists , who would go on to establish local aristocracies . During its medieval Golden Age , Mogadishu was ruled by the Muzaffar dynasty , a vassal of the Ajuran Sultanate . It subsequently fell under the control of an assortment of local Sultanates and polities , most notably the Sultanate of the Geledi . The city later became the capital of Italian Somaliland ( 1889 -- 1936 ) in the colonial period . After the Somali Republic became independent in 1960 , Mogadishu became known and promoted as the White Pearl of the Indian Ocean . After the ousting of the Siad Barre regime in 1991 and the ensuing Somali Civil War , various militias fought for control of the city , later to be replaced by the Islamic Courts Union in the mid-2000s . The ICU thereafter splintered into more radical groups , notably al-Shabaab , which fought the Transitional Federal Government ( 2004 -- 2012 ) and its African Union Mission to Somalia allies . With a change in administration in late 2010 , government troops and their military partners had succeeded in forcing out Al-Shabaab by August 2011 . Mogadishu has subsequently experienced a period of intense reconstruction . As Somalia 's capital city , many important national institutions are based in Mogadishu . It is the seat of the Federal Government of Somalia established in August 2012 , with the Somalia Federal Parliament serving as the government 's legislative branch . Thabit Abdi Mohammed has been the Mayor of Mogadishu since April 2017 . Villa Somalia is the official residential palace and principal workplace of the President of Somalia , Mohamed Abdullahi Mohamed . In May 2012 , the First Somali Bank was established in the capital , which organized Mogadishu 's first ever Technology , Entertainment , Design ( TEDx ) conference . The establishment of a local construction yard has also galvanized the city 's real-estate sector . Arba'a Rukun Mosque is one of the oldest Islamic places of worship in the capital , built circa 667 ( 1268/9 AD ) . The Mosque of Islamic Solidarity in Mogadishu is the largest masjid in the Horn region . Mogadishu Cathedral was built in 1928 by the colonial authorities in Italian Somaliland in a Norman Gothic style , and served as the traditional seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Mogadiscio . The National Museum of Somalia is based in Mogadishu and holds many culturally important artefacts . The National Library of Somalia is undergoing a $ 1 million Somali federal government funded renovation , including a new library complex . Mogadishu is home to a number of scholastic and media institutions . As part of the municipality 's urban renewal program , 100 schools across the capital are scheduled to be refurbished and reopened . The Somali National University ( SNU ) was established in the 1950s , and professors from the university later founded the non-governmental Mogadishu University ( MU ) . Benadir University ( BU ) was established in 2002 with the intention of training doctors . Various national sporting bodies have their headquarters in Mogadishu , including the Somali Football Federation and the Somali Olympic Committee . Mogadishu Stadium was constructed in 1978 during the Siad Barre administration , with the assistance of Chinese engineers . It hosts football matches with teams from the Somali First Division and the Somalia Cup . Additionally , the Port of Mogadishu serves as a major national seaport and is the largest harbour in Somalia . Mogadishu International Airport , the capital 's main airport , is the hub of the national carrier Somali Airlines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "002b333f9384113c51fb043d638a2556",
"text": "Iraqi diaspora The Iraqi diaspora refers to native Iraqis who have left for other countries as emigrants or refugees , and is now one of the largest in modern times , being described by the UN as a `` humanitarian crisis '' caused by the 2003 invasion of Iraq and by the ensuing war .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07fd3e910e924cb237bf3f56d9fdde83",
"text": "Prostitution in Swaziland Prostitution in Swaziland is illegal , and police continue to enforce the law , although they sometimes turn a blind eye to prostitution in clubs . According to the U.S. Department of State , Swaziland is a source , destination , and transit country for women and children trafficked internally and transnationally for the purposes of commercial sexual exploitation , domestic servitude , and forced labor in agriculture . Swazi girls , particularly orphans , are trafficked internally for commercial sexual exploitation and domestic servitude in the cities of Mbabane and Manzini , as well as to South Africa and Mozambique . Some Swazi women are forced into prostitution in South Africa and Mozambique after voluntarily migrating to these countries in search of work . Chinese organized crime units acquire victims in Swaziland and traffic them to hubs in Johannesburg , where they `` distribute '' victims locally or send them on to be exploited overseas . Traffickers force Mozambican women into prostitution in Swaziland , or else transit Swaziland with their victims en route to South Africa . The Swaziland AIDS Support Organisation has recommended that prostitution be legalized in Swaziland , in order to allow it to be regulated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e328fcc667f5039a0bb6ed62c31b4d",
"text": "Sub-Saharan Africa Sub-Saharan Africa is , geographically , the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara . According to the UN , it consists of all African countries that are fully or partially located south of the Sahara . It contrasts with North Africa , whose territories are part of the League of Arab states within the Arab world . Somalia , Djibouti , Comoros and Mauritania are geographically in Sub-Saharan Africa , but are likewise Arab states and part of the Arab world . The Sahel is the transitional zone between the Sahara and the tropical savanna ( the Sudan region ) and forest-savanna mosaic to the south . Since probably 3500 BCE , the Saharan and Sub-Saharan regions of Africa have been separated by the extremely harsh climate of the sparsely populated Sahara , forming an effective barrier interrupted by only the Nile in Sudan , though the Nile was blocked by the river 's cataracts . The Sahara pump theory explains how flora and fauna ( including Homo sapiens ) left Africa to penetrate the Middle East and beyond . African pluvial periods are associated with a `` wet Sahara '' phase during which larger lakes and more rivers existed . The use of the term has been criticized because it refers to the South only by cartography conventions and projects a connotation of inferiority ; a vestige of colonialism , which some say , divided Africa into European terms of homogeneity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0347509cab04c3d57edafca001d30960",
"text": "Somali community in Finland Somalis in Finland are residents and citizens of Finland of Somali ancestry . They are Finland 's fourth-largest minority , after Swedes , Russians and Estonians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cdb2782c3a2948e1dfb3a8171025bc2",
"text": "Immigration to Turkey Since the 19th century , an exodus by the large portion of Turkish ( Turkic ) and Muslim peoples ( who are termed `` Muhacir '' under a general definition ) from the Balkans ( Balkan Turks , Albanians , Bosniaks , Pomaks ) , Caucasus ( Abkhazians , Ajarians , ` Circassians ' , Chechens ) , Crimea ( Crimean Tatar diaspora ) , Crete ( Cretan Turks ) , took refuge in present-day Turkey and moulded the country 's fundamental features . Trends of immigration towards Turkey continue to this day , although the motives are more varied and are usually in line with the patterns of global immigration movements -- Turkey , for example , receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as Armenia , the Republic of Moldova , Georgia , Iran , and Azerbaijan , but also from Central Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a4a26f87094172c7e3ab426ae3ae8f6",
"text": "Ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states After the dissolution of the Soviet Union ( USSR ) in December 1991 , about 25 million ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states found themselves living outside the Russian Federation . All former Soviet citizens had a time window within which they could transfer their former Soviet citizenship to Russian citizenship . Where they did not exercise that choice , their resulting citizenship status outside Russia varied by state : from no perceivable change in status - as in Belarus - to becoming permanently resident `` non-citizens '' - as in Estonia and Latvia , which restricted citizenship to their pre-World War II citizens and their offspring ( regardless of ethnic group ) upon restoration of their independence in continuity with their sovereign identities prior to June 1940 . However , most people in practice found the `` time window '' concept not feasible , as the citizenship issue linked closely to the issue of owning property owned by the state before privatization . For many people , a change of citizenship would actually mean relocating and leaving behind everything - or most of what they had previously owned or been able to access . the largest ethnic Russian diaspora populations outside Russia live in the United States and in the `` near abroad '' countries . The populations involved include those in : Ukraine ( about 8 million ) , Kazakhstan ( about 3.8 million ) , the United States ( about 3 million ) , Belarus ( about 780,000 ) , Uzbekistan ( about 650,000 ) Kyrgyzstan ( about 360,000 ) and Latvia ( about 556,422 ) . In June 2006 Russian President Vladimir Putin announced a plan to introduce national policy aiming at encouraging ethnic Russian immigration to Russia . Does not include Abkhazia ( 2011 census : 22,077 Russians or 9.1 % of the population ) or South Ossetia ( 2007 estimate : 2,100 Russians or 3.0 % of the population ) . In Turkmenistan , there were estimated to be at most 150,000 ethnic Russians as of 2007 , or under 2 % of the population . In Uzbekistan the same year , the Russian population stood at some 800,000 people or under 4 % of the country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ecc8b9100a4bbc9a76f0584aa060d3a",
"text": "Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh Stranded Pakistanis in Bangladesh ( -LSB- , উদ্বাস্তু পাকিস্তানী ) are Urdu-speaking Muslim migrants with homelands in present-day India and Pakistan who settled in East Pakistan ( now Bangladesh ) following the partition of India in 1947 . This identification can encompass several groups of people . First among them is `` Bihari Muslims '' . Although most of this population belonged to State of Bihar in India there are many from other Indian states such as U.P. ( United Provinces or later Uttar Pradesh ) . There are still others who had settled in what is now known as Bangladesh in the late 19th century . The second term of reference for this group coined by themselves after creation of Bangladesh is `` Stranded Pakistanis '' . In Urdu media in Pakistan and elsewhere this was translated as `` Mehsooreen '' or the `` Besieged '' . Another common term is `` Non-Bengalis '' , which includes not only the Urdu-speaking but also Punjabis , Pathans and Baloch living in Bangladesh . Henceforth any of the above terms may be used to identify this group depending on the context and history . Biharis were stateless until 2008 when a judgement by the Dhaka High Court gave them right of citizenship . The judgement does not cover refugees who were adults at the time of Bangladesh Liberation War . In March 2015 , Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Pakistan said that more than 170,000 Biharis had been repatriated to Pakistan and the remaining ` stranded Pakistanis ' are not its responsibility but rather the responsibility of Bangladesh .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
dcc46030df11fec60d55d3e2e0722f34 | As the World Turns is set in a state in the Midwestern region of the United States. | [
{
"docid": "85d2b3b05df919f5c506940bf8a7f6dc",
"text": "Illinois Illinois ( -LSB- ɪlᵻˈnɔɪ -RSB- ) is a state in the Midwestern region of the United States , achieving statehood in 1818 . It is the 6th-most populous state and 25th-largest state in terms of land area , and is noted as a microcosm of the entire country . The word `` Illinois '' comes from a French rendering of a native Algonquin word . With Chicago in the northeast , small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois , and natural resources like coal , timber , and petroleum in the south , Illinois has a diverse economic base and is a major transportation hub . The Port of Chicago connects the state to other global ports from the Great Lakes , via the Saint Lawrence Seaway , to the Atlantic Ocean , as well as the Great Lakes to the Mississippi River , via the Illinois Waterway . For decades , O'Hare International Airport has been ranked as one of the world 's busiest airports . Illinois has long had a reputation as a bellwether both in social and cultural terms and politics . Although today the state 's largest population center is around Chicago in the northern part of the state , the state 's European population grew first in the west , with French Canadian colonists who settled along the Mississippi River in the 17th and 18th century , and gave the area the name , `` Pays des Illinois '' or Illinois Country a region that was known as part of New France . After the American Revolutionary War established the United States , American settlers began arriving crossing the Appalachians barrier range in the 1810s via the gaps of the Allegheny to boat building centers in Pittsburgh , from Cumberland , Maryland via the Cumberland Narrows pass to outfit in Brownsville , Pennsylvania , from North Carolina and Virginia via the Cumberland Gap to Kentucky and Tennessee , all on the Ohio River . With the War of 1812 , the growth of Illinois slowed as both Native Americans and Canadian forces often raided the American Frontier . After the war 's end , the federal government re-established forts such as Fort Dearborn ( in 1816 -- now the site is within Chicago ) and army patrols west of the Mississippi diminished the threat from Amerindian raids , so settlers were able to move into all of Illinois from the eastern and southern emigrant trails . Mineral finds and timber stands also had spurred immigration -- by the 1810s , the Eastern U.S. had exhausted most timber stands close to the established cities creating a hard felt first energy crisis by the late-1790s , and after 1818 , the industrial revolution was being fueled by new canals such as the Lehigh Canal feeding the furnaces of the rapidly industrializing east coast . Also in 1818 , Illinois achieved statehood and its growth , as yet untroubled by the speed of as yet unrefined railway technology , would be fueled by the new religion of industrialized forward thinking . After construction of the Erie Canal with increasing traffic and trade through the Great Lakes , Chicago was founded in the 1830s on the banks of the Chicago River , at one of the few natural harbors on southern Lake Michigan . John Deere 's invention of the self-scouring steel plow turned Illinois ' rich prairie into some of the world 's most productive and valuable farmlands , attracting new immigrant farmers from Germany and Sweden . Railroads arose and matured in the 1840s , and soon carried immigrants to new homes in Illinois , as well as being a resource to ship their commodity crops out to markets . Railroads freed most of the land of Illinois and other mid-western states from the tyranny of water transport ; no longer was a location near a river or canal a need to ship bulk goods . By 1900 , the growth of industrial jobs in the northern cities and coal mining in the central and southern areas attracted a new group of immigrants , from Eastern and Southern Europe . Illinois was an important manufacturing center during both world wars . The Great Migration from the South established a large community of African Americans in Chicago , who created the city 's famous jazz and blues cultures . Three U.S. presidents have been elected while living in Illinois : Abraham Lincoln , Ulysses S. Grant , and most recently Barack Obama . Additionally , Ronald Reagan , whose political career was based in California , was the only U.S. president born and raised in Illinois . Today , Illinois honors Lincoln with its official state nickname `` The Land of Lincoln , '' which has been displayed on its license plates since 1954 . The Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum is located in the state capital of Springfield , and the Barack Obama Presidential Center will be completed in Chicago by 2020 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f3c0cd7d42e6b5ce994653a12070383",
"text": "As the World Turns As the World Turns ( often referred to as ATWT ) is an American television soap opera that aired on CBS for 54 years from April 2 , 1956 , to September 17 , 2010 . Irna Phillips created As the World Turns as a sister show to her other soap opera Guiding Light . Running for 54 years , As the World Turns holds the second-longest continuous run of any daytime network soap opera on American television , surpassed only by Guiding Light . As the World Turns was produced for the first 43 years in Manhattan and in Brooklyn from 2000 until 2010 . Set in the fictional town of Oakdale , Illinois , the show debuted on April 2 , 1956 , at 1:30 pm EST. . Prior to that date , all serials had been 15 minutes in length . As the World Turns and The Edge of Night , which premiered on the same day at 4:30 pm EST , were the first two to be 30 minutes in length from their premiere . At first , viewers did not respond to the new half-hour serial , but ratings picked up in its second year , eventually reaching the top spot in the daytime Nielsen ratings by fall 1958 . In 1959 , the show started a streak of weekly ratings wins that was not interrupted for over 12 years . The show switched to color on August 21 , 1967 , and expanded from a half-hour in length to one hour starting on December 1 , 1975 , when The Edge of Night moved to ABC . In the year-to-date ratings , As the World Turns was the most-watched daytime drama from 1958 until 1978 , with ten million viewers tuning in each day . At its height , core actors such as Helen Wagner , Don MacLaughlin , Don Hastings , and Eileen Fulton became nationally known . Three of these actors -- Wagner , Hastings , and Fulton -- are also the three longest serving actors in the history of American soap operas . The show passed its 10,000 th episode on May 12 , 1995 , and celebrated its 50th anniversary on April 2 , 2006 . On September 18 , 2009 , As the World Turns became the last remaining Procter and Gamble-produced soap opera for CBS after Guiding Light aired its final episode on the network . On December 8 , 2009 , CBS announced that it cancelled As the World Turns after almost 54 years due to low ratings . The show taped its final Procter and Gamble scenes for CBS on June 23 , 2010 , and with a dramatic storyline finale , its final episode on the network aired on September 17 , 2010 . On October 18 , 2010 , CBS replaced As the World Turns with a newly debuted talk show The Talk .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "91cd96b470cd0b7bfdb5f4e32d6df391",
"text": "Geography of Oklahoma The Geography of Oklahoma encompasses terrain and ecosystems ranging from arid plains to subtropical forests and mountains . Oklahoma contains 10 distinct ecological regions , more per square mile than in any other state by a wide margin . One of six states on the Frontier Strip , it is situated in the Great Plains and U.S. Interior Highlands region near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states . Usually considered part of the South Central United States , Oklahoma is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri , on the north by Kansas , on the northwest by Colorado , on the far west by New Mexico , and on the south and near-west by Texas . The state has four primary mountain ranges : the Arbuckle Mountains , the Wichita Mountains , the Ozark Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains . Part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region , the Ozarks and Ouachitas form the only major highland region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians . A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma , and in the state 's southeastern corner , Cavanal Hill is officially regarded as the world 's tallest hill ; at 1,999 feet ( 609 m ) , it fails the definition of a mountain by one foot . More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma 's waterways , and with 200 lakes created by dams , it holds the highest number of reservoirs in the nation . Oklahoma covers an area of 69,898 sqmi , with 68,667 sqmi of land and 1,231 sqmi of water , making it the 20th-largest state in the United States . Generally , it is divided into seven geographical regions : Green Country , or Northeast Oklahoma , Southeastern Oklahoma , Central Oklahoma , South Central Oklahoma , Southwest Oklahoma , Northwest Oklahoma , and the Oklahoma Panhandle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6cf3d09250bad441e8ec0d4289cb76e",
"text": "Median center of United States population The median center of U.S. population is determined by the United States Census Bureau from the results of each census . The Bureau defines it to be : As of the 2010 U.S. census , this places roughly 154.4 million Americans living on each side of a longitude line passing through a location in Pike County , Indiana , and the same number living on each side of a latitude line through the same point . During the 20th century the median center of U.S. population moved roughly 180 miles southwest , from a location in Randolph County , Indiana to a location in Daviess County , Indiana . The majority of this southwest shift happened in the second half of the century , as the center shifted within a narrow circular band between 1900 and 1950 -- all within roughly 25 miles of the 1900 starting point in Randolph County .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "023cf7510e6d24440d5256d8021f7d62",
"text": "As the Stomach Turns `` As the Stomach Turns '' is a series of comedy sketches parodying the soap opera As the World Turns featured on The Carol Burnett Show , with one installment airing on Carol Burnett & Company . The sketch was created by show writers Kenny Solms and Gail Parent . The Carol Burnett Show introduced the series during its first season in 1967 -- 68 and continued to air new installments for the remainder of its 11-season run , through its final season in 1977 -- 78 . However , the final installment of `` As the Stomach Turns '' would not air until September 8 , 1979 , on a different four-week summer series titled Carol Burnett & Company . This was the only installment of `` As the Stomach Turns '' that did not air on The Carol Burnett Show which had completed its run almost a year and a half earlier on March 29 , 1978 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa06bf9fc7ba5619a3f0f67b83196f05",
"text": "Midwest Independent Film Festival The Midwest Independent Film Festival is the nation 's only film festival solely dedicated to the Midwest filmmaker . Only films from the eight-state Midwest region of Illinois , Indiana , Iowa , Michigan , Minnesota , Missouri , Ohio and Wisconsin are considered for screening . This film festival is also unique in that it is held throughout the year , presenting audiences with the finest independent films from the Midwest every first Tuesday of the month . The Midwest Independent Film Festival prides itself on showcasing emerging directors , powerful artistic visions , and strong cinematic stories . These exceptional films combine with an exciting social atmosphere and a state-of-the-art screening venue to create one of the premier festivals in the Midwest . The Midwest Independent Film Festival is hosted every first Tuesday of the month at Chicago 's Landmark Century Centre Cinema of Landmark Theatres . Sponsors include Resolution Digital Studios , Zacuto , Fletcher Chicago , Orbit Media Studios , O'Connor Casting , Flashpoint The Academy of Media Arts and Sciences , Zipcar , The Chicago Film Office , The Illinois Film Office , Zaroban Design , Crunch Fitness , Getty Images , Screen Magazine and Kodak . This festival is sometimes referred to as `` The Midwest Film Festival , '' `` The Midwest Indie , '' or simply `` The Midwest . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30ae1f495ff90ed2058df599523bbb62",
"text": "Michigan City, Indiana Michigan City is a city in LaPorte County , Indiana , United States . It is one of the two principal cities of the Michigan City-La Porte , Indiana Metropolitan Statistical Area , which is included in the Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City Combined Statistical Area . Located in the region known to locals as Michiana , it is approximately 50 miles east of Chicago and 40 miles west of South Bend . The city had a population of 31,479 at the 2010 census . Michigan City is noted for both its proximity to the Indiana Dunes National Lakeshore and for bordering Lake Michigan . Due to this , Michigan City receives a fair amount of tourism during the summer months , especially by residents of Chicago and of nearby cities in Northern Indiana . The lighthouse is a notable symbol for the city and is incorporated in the heading of Michigan City 's sole newspaper , The News Dispatch , and the city 's official seal . Michigan City hosted the sailing events at the 1987 Pan American Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36270d01728c99541162542a3cbe7b0f",
"text": "Portage Park, Chicago Portage Park is located on the northwest side of the City of Chicago , Illinois and is one of 77 officially designated Chicago community areas . Portage Park is bordered by the community areas of Jefferson Park and Forest Glen to the north , Dunning and the suburb of Harwood Heights to the west , Irving Park to the east and Belmont-Cragin to the south . The area is notable for its Six Corners outdoor shopping district , centered at the intersection of Irving Park Road , Cicero Avenue and the diagonal Milwaukee Avenue , the Portage Theater and for its namesake - Portage Park . The name of the park was taken from the major portage linking the Des Plaines and Chicago rivers along what is today Irving Park Road . The area was so swampy that in wet weather , Native Americans and trappers were easily able to paddle through the area in either direction without leaving their canoes . In those days , the Des Plaines was perhaps the most significant way to the Illinois , and then on to the Mississippi ( and to return ) . Portage Park has the largest Polish community in the Chicago Metropolitan Area according to the 2000 census . Portage Park is home to the Polish American Association , the Polish Jesuit Millennium Center , the Polish Army Veterans Association in the beautiful building of the former Irving State bank , in addition to the multitude of Polish shops and businesses throughout the district . One of the area 's parks is named Chopin Park after Frédéric Chopin , Poland 's most famous pianist and composer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "622404557c19f16397ac143bfbde2822",
"text": "Dubuque, Iowa Dubuque -LSB- dəˈbjuːk -RSB- is the county seat of Dubuque County , Iowa , United States , located along the Mississippi River . In 2013 , its population was 58,253 , making it the tenth-largest city in the state This city lies at the junction of Iowa , Illinois , and Wisconsin , a region locally known as the Tri-State Area . It serves as the main commercial , industrial , educational , and cultural center for the area . Geographically , it is part of the Driftless Area , a portion of North America that escaped all three phases of the Wisconsinian Glaciation . It is one of the few large cities in Iowa with hills , and a tourist destination featuring the city 's unique architecture and river location . It is home to five institutions of higher education , making it a center for culture and learning . Dubuque has long been a center of manufacturing , but the economy grew rapidly and diversified to other areas in the first years of the 21st Century . By 2005 , the city led the state and the Midwest in job growth , ranking as the 22nd fastest-growing economy in the US . Alongside industry , the city has large health care , education , tourism , publishing , and financial service sectors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e",
"text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4ee52b51d610654815bec6002bacfeb",
"text": "Chicago Loop The Loop is the central business district of Chicago , Illinois . It is one of the city 's 77 designated community areas . The Loop is home to Chicago 's commercial core , City Hall , and the seat of Cook County . In the late nineteenth century , cable car turnarounds and prominent elevated railway encircled the area , giving the Loop its name . The community area is bounded on the north by Lake Street on the west by Wells Street on the east by Wabash Street , and on the south by Van Buren Street . The Loop got its name by the loop of the elevated CTA El tracks that create a loop this area . although the commercial core has expanded into adjacent community areas . As a business center , some of the corporations the Loop hosts include the Chicago Mercantile Exchange ( CME ) , the world 's largest options and futures contracts open interest exchange ; the headquarters of United Continental Holdings , one of the world 's largest airlines ; AON ; Blue Cross Blue Shield ; Hyatt Hotels Corporation ; BorgWarner , and other major corporations . The Loop is home to 500 acre Grant Park ; State Street , which hosts a historic shopping district ; the Art Institute of Chicago ; several theaters ; and numerous subway and elevated rapid transit stations . Other institutions in the Loop include the Willis Tower , once the tallest building in the world , the Chicago Symphony Orchestra , the Lyric Opera of Chicago , the Goodman Theatre , the Joffrey Ballet , the central public Harold Washington Library , and the Chicago Cultural Center . In what is now the Loop , on the south bank of the Chicago River , near today 's Michigan Avenue Bridge , the US Army erected Fort Dearborn in 1803 . It was the first settlement in the area sponsored by the United States . In 1908 , Chicago addresses were made uniform by naming the intersection of State Street and Madison Street in the Loop as the division point for designating addresses , North , South , East or West on the Chicago street grid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0afd052768d8eec74ca0eb5f448a706d",
"text": "South Alabama South Alabama is the various parts of southern Alabama . Although it is not a strictly defined geographic region , it generally includes all Alabama counties south of the Black Belt . However , residents of the largest population center , Mobile , often make the argument that the phrase refers only to the extreme southernmost parts of Alabama . In that view , South Alabama consists of just the two counties that border the Gulf of Mexico and Mobile Bay : Baldwin County and Mobile County . That area is characterized by extensive wetlands , but also by long , sandy beaches which are very conducive to tourism . Many deluxe golf courses have been developed in the area in recent decades . Because Mobile and Baldwin Counties tend to use `` South Alabama '' with such exclusivity , other parts of southern Alabama , particularly the Florida-border counties from Escambia County over to Houston County often humorously prefer to be called Lower Alabama if a regional name must be given . Traditionally the south central and southeastern parts of the state have less in common with the Mobile area than they have in common with southwest Georgia and the Black Belt region . Alternative names include South Central Alabama , Southeast Alabama , and the Wiregrass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04179ffd0b24af2a17c37155a2197628",
"text": "List of place names of French origin in the United States Several thousand place names in the United States have names of French origin , some a legacy of past French exploration and rule over much of the land and some in honor of French help during the American Revolution and the founding of the country ( see also : New France and French in the United States ) . Others were named after early Americans of French , especially Huguenot , ancestry ( Marion , Revere , Fremont , Lanier , Sevier , Macon , Decatur , etc. ) . Some places received their names as a consequence of French colonial settlement ( e.g. Baton Rouge , Detroit , New Orleans , Saint Louis ) . Nine state capitals are French words or of French origin ( Baton Rouge , Boise , Des Moines , Juneau , Montgomery , Montpelier , Pierre , Richmond , Saint Paul ) - not even counting Little Rock ( originally `` La Petite Roche '' ) or Cheyenne ( a French rendering of a Lakota word ) , compared to only two that are Spanish ( Sacramento and Santa Fe ) . Fifteen state names are either French words / origin ( Delaware , New Jersey , Louisiana , Maine , Oregon , Vermont ) or Native American words rendered by French speakers ( Arkansas , Illinois , Iowa , Kansas , Michigan , Mississippi , Mississippi , Ohio , Wisconsin ) , versus nine state names that are Spanish or Spanish rendered ( Montana , California , Colorado , Florida , Montana , Nevada , New Mexico , Texas , Utah ) . The suffix '' - ville , '' from the French word for `` city '' is common for town and city names throughout the United States . Many originally French place names , possibly hundreds , in the Midwest and Upper West were replaced with directly translated English names once American settlers became locally dominant ( e.g. `` La Petite Roche '' became Little Rock ; `` Baie Verte '' became Green Bay ; `` Grandes Fourches '' became Grand Forks ) . In contrast , Spanish place names in the Southwest were generally not replaced by English names .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd65b4b61a4dde3974ee541173b2a8aa",
"text": "South Dakota South Dakota ( -LSB- saʊθ_dəˈkoʊtə -RSB- -LSB- -LSB- ˌsɑʊθ dəˈko̞ɾə -RSB- -RSB- ) is a state located in the Midwestern region of the United States . It is named after the Lakota and Dakota Sioux Native American tribes , who compose a significant portion of the population and historically dominated the entire territory . South Dakota is the 17th most expansive , but the 5th least populous and the 5th least densely populated of the 50 United States . Once the southern portion of the Dakota Territory , South Dakota became a state on November 2 , 1889 , simultaneously with North Dakota . Pierre is the state capital and Sioux Falls , with a population of about 171,000 , is South Dakota 's largest city . South Dakota is bordered by the states of North Dakota ( on the north ) , Minnesota ( to the east ) , Iowa ( to the southeast ) , Nebraska ( on the south ) , Wyoming ( on the west ) , and Montana ( to the northwest ) . The state is bisected by the Missouri River , dividing South Dakota into two geographically and socially distinct halves , known to residents as `` East River '' and `` West River '' . Eastern South Dakota is home to most of the state 's population , and fertile soil in this area is used to grow a variety of crops . West of the Missouri , ranching is the predominant agricultural activity , and the economy is more dependent on tourism and defense spending . Most of the Native American reservations are located in West River . The Black Hills , a group of low pine-covered mountains sacred to the Sioux , are located in the southwest part of the state . Mount Rushmore , a major tourist destination , is located there . South Dakota experiences a temperate continental climate , with four distinct seasons and precipitation ranging from moderate in the east to semi-arid in the west . The ecology of the state features species typical of a North American grassland biome . Humans have inhabited the area for several millennia , with the Sioux becoming dominant by the early 19th century . In the late 19th century , European-American settlement intensified after a gold rush in the Black Hills and the construction of railroads from the east . Encroaching miners and settlers triggered a number of Indian wars , ending with the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890 . Key events in the 20th century included the Dust Bowl and Great Depression , increased federal spending during the 1940s and 50s for agriculture and defense , and an industrialization of agriculture that has much reduced family farming . While several Democratic senators have represented South Dakota for multiple terms at the federal level , the state government is largely controlled by the Republican Party , whose nominees have carried South Dakota in each of the last 13 presidential elections . Historically dominated by an agricultural economy and a rural lifestyle , South Dakota has recently sought to diversify its economy in areas to attract and retain residents . South Dakota 's history and rural character still strongly influence the culture of the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7625d98a6492959e22598b39ef39cb77",
"text": "Valparaiso Moraine The Valparaiso Moraine is a terminal moraine that forms an immense U around the Lake Michigan basin in North America . It is a band of high , hilly terrain made up of glacial till and sand . It begins near the border of Wisconsin and Illinois and extends south through Lake , McHenry , Cook , DuPage and Will counties in Illinois , and then turns southeast , entering Indiana . From this point , the moraine curves northeast through Lake , Porter , and LaPorte counties of Indiana into Michigan . It continues into Michigan as far as Montcalm County . It was formed during the Crown Point Phase of the Wisconsin glaciation . At this time the glacier covering the area had grown thin , so it was restrained by the dolomite rock layers of the Lake Michigan basin . Where the glacier stopped , glacial till and sand was deposited , creating the hills of the moraine . After the Valparaiso Moraine was formed , the glacier retreated and formed the Tinley Moraine . Many towns in northwest Indiana and northeast Illinois are named after the Valparaiso Moraine or the Tinley Moraine . Also , many small creeks or rivers start in the Valparaiso Moraine . The moraine itself was named after the city of Valparaiso , Indiana , where the moraine is narrower and higher than in other places . The Valparaiso Moraine forms part of the Saint Lawrence River Divide , bounding the Great Lakes Basin . Water on one side of the moraine flows into Lake Michigan , through the Great Lakes , and eventually into the Atlantic Ocean via the Saint Lawrence River , while water on the other side flows into tributaries of the Mississippi River , which eventually flows into the Gulf of Mexico .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "429c72b2e8e25e8bc60aaaa0b2d331d3",
"text": "Arts Midwest Arts Midwest , headquartered in Minneapolis , Minnesota , is one of six not-for-profit regional arts organizations created to `` encourage development of the arts and to support arts programs on a regional basis . '' Arts Midwest 's mission is to `` promote creativity , nurture cultural leadership , and engage people in meaningful arts experiences , bringing vitality to Midwest communities and enriching people 's lives . '' Arts Midwest is primarily funded by the National Endowment for the Arts ( NEA ) , and is charged with supporting artists and arts organizations , and providing assistance to its nine member states of Illinois , Indiana , Iowa , Michigan , Minnesota , North Dakota , Ohio , South Dakota , and Wisconsin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db4f94bfa3af9499061c4ece1c6fff4b",
"text": "Corners Corners may refer to : A community formed at a crossroads or other intersection ; a few examples include : Balcom Corners , New York Bells Corners in Ottawa Dixon 's Corners , Ontario Five Corners , Wisconsin ( disambiguation ) , any of three communities of that name Hales Corners , Wisconsin Hallers Corners , Michigan Layton Corners , Michigan A corner , a term used in geometry , square dance , sports and geography . Corners , a variation on the Four Seasons card game Corners ( TV series ) , 1980s BBC children 's television series Corners , Perry County , Missouri , an unincorporated community",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2f8355a4ee99b5ee3e6e25bc97f28d7",
"text": "Central Alabama Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches 170 miles ( 270 km ) from its western border with Mississippi to the eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles ( 219 km ) from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County . The region 's population was 1,870,970 as of 2008 . The Birmingham television market reaches approximately the same area . The Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachians consist mainly of long , low ridges such as Red Mountain , Sand Mountain , Beaver Creek Mountain , Shades Mountain , and Coldwater Mountain in this region , and make impressive backdrops in the Greater Birmingham , Gadsden , and Anniston metropolitan areas . The easternmost part of Central Alabama around Anniston has the steepest mountains and highest elevations of the region . Coldwater Mountain and Mount Cheaha make up the highest of the mountain ridges that are located in the eastern portion of the region . The Coosa River divides the easternmost portion of the region from the central portion with the Birmingham area . The westernmost portion of Central Alabama is relatively a flat region with fertile black soil called the Black Belt . The Black Warrior River and its tributaries contribute to the fertile land of the area , and also serve as a demarcation line between the western and the central portions of the region . The central portion of Central Alabama varies from rugged in the east to flat in the west . Numerous valleys are scattered throughout this region between the mountain ridges including the densely populated Jones Valley and Shades Valley . Because the central portion is more rugged compared to the westernmost portion of Central Alabama , it is also the most flood-prone . Urban sprawl has exacerbated the risk of flooding by increasing the proportion of land covered by hard surfaces , leading to greater runoff during storms . The Black Warrior , Cahaba , and Coosa Rivers and their tributaries are among the many waterways that wind their way through the region . Other major waterways that run through the area include Choccolocco Creek , Shades Creek , and the Little Cahaba River . Large deposits of iron ore , limestone , and coal are chief among the plentiful mineral resources found in the region . The coincidence of these three in close proximity was a major incentive for the rapid development of industry in the Birmingham District after the American Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7df684cc0eadaf3e384d6ad0a3e3c396",
"text": "East Bend, Kentucky East Bend is a region of Boone County , Kentucky , about 20 miles southwest of Cincinnati , Ohio . The region is well named ; there the Ohio River makes an almost right angle turn , and flows east for ten miles or more . On the Kentucky side of the river , the land is mostly bottom land and good farm land . Points on interest are the river towns of Belleville , Mcville , Rabbit Hash , Piatt 's Landing and Hamilton . There is a salt spring at Big Bone Lick where mastodon and buffalo bones have been found . On the Indiana side , the southern edge of the Bedford Limestone forms high rocky hills . Indiana towns are Rising Sun and North Landing . Early settler families were Paitt , McCoy , Canby , Pepper , Stephens , Ryle , Wilson , Kintey , Craig , Lodge , Goss and Gregory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adb197b30d700085f9a3f5c30509e6a3",
"text": "Polish Americans Polish Americans are Americans who have total or partial Polish ancestry . There are an estimated 9.5 million Polish Americans , representing about 3 % of the U.S. population . Polish Americans are the largest Slavic ethnic group in the United States , second largest Central and Eastern European group and the eighth largest immigrant group overall . The first Polish settlers arrived at Walter Raleigh 's failed Roanoke Colony in 1585 . In 1608 Polish settlers came to the Virginia Colony as skilled craftsmen . Two early immigrants , Kazimierz Pułaski and Tadeusz Kościuszko , led armies in the Revolutionary War and are remembered as national heroes . Overall , more than one million Poles and Polish subjects have immigrated to the United States , primarily during the late 19th and early 20th centuries . Exact immigration numbers are unknown . Many immigrants were classified as `` Russian '' , `` German '' , and `` Austrian '' by the U.S. Immigration and Naturalization Service because the Polish state did not exist from 1795 to 1918 , and thus the former territories of Poland at this time were under Prussian , Austrian-Hungarian and Russian control . Complicating the U.S. Census figures further are the high proportion of Polish Americans who marry outside their ethnicity ; in 1940 , about 50 percent married other American ethnics , and a study in 1988 found that 54 percent of Polish Americans three generations or higher had been of mixed ancestry . The Polish American Cultural Center places a figure of Americans who have some Polish ancestry at 19-20 million . In 2000 , 667,414 Americans over 5 years old reported Polish as the language spoken at home , which is about 1.4 % of the census groups who speak a language other than English or 0.25 % of the U.S. population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d68dcd2c855fa62c5e2bc5bac79d4a39",
"text": "A Turn in the South A Turn in the South is a travelogue of the American South written by Nobel Prize-winning writer V. S. Naipaul . The book was published in 1989 and is based upon the author 's travels in the southern states of the United States . Naipaul has written fiction and non-fiction about life in the Caribbean , India , Africa and South America . In this book the subject is the U.S. , including South Carolina , Florida , Mississippi , et cetera . He discusses topics such as Martin Luther King , the economy , technology , industrialization , tourism , religion , rednecks and racism . The book works to compare the American South to its geographical neighbors , the nations of the Caribbean .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75754dcc19812e7283c03405f26fe121",
"text": "The Lost Continent: Travels in Small-Town America The Lost Continent : Travels in Small-Town America is a book by travel writer Bill Bryson , chronicling his 13,978 mile trip around the United States in the autumn of 1987 and spring 1988 . It was Bryson 's first travel book . He begins his journey , made almost entirely by car , in his childhood hometown of Des Moines , Iowa , heading from there towards the Mississippi River , often reminiscing about his childhood in Iowa . The journey was made after his father 's death , and so is in part a collection of memories of his father in Des Moines while he was growing up . The book is split into two sections : ` East ' and ` West ' , the former part being considerably longer than the latter . These sections correspond to two separate journeys made in the autumn of 1987 and spring of 1988 . The first section covers the Midwest , the Deep South , the East Coast and New England , before returning to Des Moines . The second section focuses on the Great Plains , the South West , California and the Rocky Mountains . Bryson 's goal in this trip was generally to avoid tourist destinations , instead choosing to experience the real every-day America , stopping at small towns and forgotten points of interest . This book is an overview of the United States from Bryson 's point of view . There is less focus on factual insight into the history , geography and culture of the destinations in this book than is found in some of Bryson 's later books , focusing instead on observations made with the intention of being humorous .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
78576a4a9cebbd5777728083ed8cfaa9 | The United Kingdom was the world's foremost power. | [
{
"docid": "8c1999004b8183f3c7b413ea0bd8a045",
"text": "United Kingdom The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , commonly known as the United Kingdom ( UK ) or Britain , is a sovereign country in western Europe . Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland , the United Kingdom includes the island of Great Britain , the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland and many smaller islands . Northern Ireland is the only part of the United Kingdom that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland.Although Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign state , two of its Overseas Territories also share land borders with other sovereign countries . Gibraltar shares a border with Spain , while the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia share borders with the Republic of Cyprus , the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and the UN buffer zone separating the two Cypriot polities . Apart from this land border , the United Kingdom is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean , with the North Sea to its east , the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west , giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world . The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland . With an area of 242500 km2 , the United Kingdom is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe . It is also the 21st-most populous country , with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants . Together , this makes it the fourth-most densely populated country in the European Union ( EU ) . The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of governance . The monarch is Queen Elizabeth II , who has reigned since 6 February 1952 . The capital of the United Kingdom and its largest city is London , a global city and financial centre with an urban area population of 10.3 million , the fourth-largest in Europe and second-largest in the European Union . Other major urban areas in the United Kingdom include the conurbations centred on Birmingham , Leeds , Glasgow , Liverpool and Manchester . The United Kingdom consists of four countries -- England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . The last three have devolved administrations , each with varying powers , based in their capitals , Edinburgh , Cardiff and Belfast , respectively . The nearby Isle of Man , Bailiwick of Guernsey and Bailiwick of Jersey are not part of the United Kingdom , being Crown dependencies with the British Government responsible for defence and international representation . The relationships among the countries of the UK have changed over time . Wales was annexed by the Kingdom of England under the Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542 . A treaty between England and Scotland resulted in 1707 in a unified Kingdom of Great Britain , which merged in 1801 with the Kingdom of Ireland to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . Five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the UK in 1922 , leaving the present formulation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.The Anglo-Irish Treaty was signed on 6 December 1921 to resolve the Irish War of Independence . When it took effect one year later , it established the Irish Free State as a separate dominion within the Commonwealth . The UK 's current name was adopted to reflect the change . There are fourteen British Overseas Territories . These are the remnants of the British Empire which , at its height in the 1920s , encompassed almost a quarter of the world 's land mass and was the largest empire in history . British influence can be observed in the language , culture and legal systems of many of its former colonies . The United Kingdom is a developed country and has the world 's fifth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest economy by purchasing power parity . The UK is considered to have a high-income economy and is categorised as very high in the Human Development Index , ranking 16th in the world . It was the world 's first industrialised country and the world 's foremost power during the 19th and early 20th centuries . The UK remains a great power with considerable economic , cultural , military , scientific and political influence internationally . It is a recognised nuclear weapons state and is seventh in military expenditure in the world . The UK has been a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council since its first session in 1946 . It has been a leading member state of the EU and its predecessor , the European Economic Community ( EEC ) , since 1973 . However , on 23 June 2016 , a national referendum on the UK 's membership of the EU resulted in a decision to leave , and its exit from the EU is currently being negotiated . The UK is also a member of the Commonwealth of Nations , the Council of Europe , the G7 finance ministers , the G7 forum , the G20 , NATO , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , and the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c0428ce039db859733a2121c0cc7bad1",
"text": "Pax Britannica Pax Britannica ( Latin for `` British Peace '' , modelled after Pax Romana ) was the period of relative peace in Europe ( 1815 -- 1914 ) during which the British Empire became the global hegemonic power and adopted the role of a global police force . Between 1815 and 1914 , a period referred to as Britain 's `` imperial century , '' around 10,000,000 sqmi of territory and roughly 400 million people were added to the British Empire . Victory over Napoleonic France left the British without any serious international rival , other than perhaps Russia in central Asia . When Russia tried expanding its influence in the Balkans , the British and French defeated it in the Crimean War ( 1854 -- 56 ) , thereby protecting the by-then feeble Ottoman Empire . Britain 's Royal Navy controlled most of the key maritime trade routes and enjoyed unchallenged sea power . Alongside the formal control it exerted over its own colonies , Britain 's dominant position in world trade meant that it effectively controlled access to many regions , such as Asia and Latin America . British merchants , shippers and bankers had such an overwhelming advantage over everyone else that in addition to its colonies it had an `` informal empire '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3a0132c80841796f26f0c293293b080",
"text": "18th century The 18th century lasted from January 1 , 1701 to December 31 , 1800 in the Gregorian calendar . During the 18th century , the Enlightenment culminated in the French and American revolutions . Philosophy and science increased in prominence . Philosophers dreamed of a brighter age . This dream turned into a reality with the French Revolution of 1789 - , though later compromised by the excesses of the Reign of Terror ( 1793-1794 ) under Maximilien Robespierre . At first , many monarchies of Europe embraced Enlightenment ideals , but with the French Revolution they feared losing their power and formed broad coalitions for the counter-revolution . The Ottoman Empire experienced an unprecedented period of peace and economic expansion , taking part in no European wars from 1740 to 1768 . As a consequence the empire did not share in Europe 's military improvements during the Seven Years ' War ( 1756-1763 ) , causing its military to fall behind and suffer defeats against Russia in the second half of the century . The 18th century also marked the end of the Polish -- Lithuanian Commonwealth as an independent state . The once-powerful and vast kingdom , which had once conquered Moscow and defeated great Ottoman armies , collapsed under numerous invasions . Its semi-democratic government system was not robust enough to rival the neighboring monarchies of the Kingdom of Prussia , the Russian Empire and the Archduchy of Austria which divided the Commonwealth territories between themselves , changing the landscape of Central European politics for the next hundred years . European colonization of the Americas and other parts of the world intensified and associated mass migrations of people grew in size as the Age of Sail continued . Great Britain became a major power worldwide with the defeat of France in North America in the 1760s and the conquest of large parts of India . However , Britain lost many of its North American colonies after the American Revolution , which resulted in the formation of the newly independent United States of America . The Industrial Revolution started in Britain in the 1770s with the production of the improved steam engine . Despite its modest beginnings in the 18th century , steam-powered machinery would radically change human society and the environment . Western historians have occasionally defined the 18th century otherwise for the purposes of their work . For example , the `` short '' 18th century may be defined as 1715 -- 1789 , denoting the period of time between the death of Louis XIV of France and the start of the French Revolution , with an emphasis on directly interconnected events . To historians who expand the century to include larger historical movements , the `` long '' 18th century may run from the Glorious Revolution of 1688 to the Battle of Waterloo in 1815 or even later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39ea9c7a6519e8764b8ce6f6a559f886",
"text": "France France ( -LSB- fʁɑ̃s -RSB- ) , officially the French Republic ( -LSB- ʁepyblik fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , is a country with territory in western Europe and several overseas regions and territories . The European , or metropolitan , area of France extends from the Mediterranean Sea to the English Channel and the North Sea , and from the Rhine to the Atlantic Ocean . Overseas France include French Guiana on the South American continent and several island territories in the Atlantic , Pacific and Indian oceans . France spans 643801 km2 and had a total population of almost 67 million people as of January 2017 . It is a unitary semi-presidential republic with the capital in Paris , the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Other major urban centres include Marseille , Lyon , Lille , Nice , Toulouse and Bordeaux . During the Iron Age , what is now metropolitan France was inhabited by the Gauls , a Celtic people . The area was annexed in 51 BC by Rome , which held Gaul until 486 , when the Germanic Franks conquered the region and formed the Kingdom of France . France emerged as a major European power in the Late Middle Ages , with its victory in the Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 to 1453 ) strengthening state-building and political centralisation . During the Renaissance , French culture flourished and a global colonial empire was established , which by the 20th century would be the second largest in the world . The 16th century was dominated by religious civil wars between Catholics and Protestants ( Huguenots ) . France became Europe 's dominant cultural , political , and military power under Louis XIV . In the late 18th century , the French Revolution overthrew the absolute monarchy , established one of modern history 's earliest republics , and saw the drafting of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen , which expresses the nation 's ideals to this day . In the 19th century Napoleon took power and established the First French Empire , whose subsequent Napoleonic Wars shaped the course of continental Europe . Following the collapse of the Empire , France endured a tumultuous succession of governments culminating with the establishment of the French Third Republic in 1870 . France was a major participant in the First World War , from which it emerged victorious , and was one of the Allied Powers in the Second World War , but came under occupation by the Axis Powers in 1940 . Following liberation in 1944 , a Fourth Republic was established and later dissolved in the course of the Algerian War . The Fifth Republic , led by Charles de Gaulle , was formed in 1958 and remains to this day . Algeria and nearly all the other colonies became independent in the 1960s and typically retained close economic and military connections with France . France has long been a global centre of art , science , and philosophy . It hosts Europe 's fourth-largest number of cultural UNESCO World Heritage Sites and receives around 83 million foreign tourists annually , the most of any country in the world . France is a developed country with the world 's sixth-largest economy by nominal GDP and ninth-largest by purchasing power parity . In terms of aggregate household wealth , it ranks fourth in the world . France performs well in international rankings of education , health care , life expectancy , and human development . France remains a great power in the world , being one of the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council with the power to veto and an official nuclear-weapon state . It is a leading member state of the European Union and the Eurozone . It is also a member of the Group of 7 , North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) , and La Francophonie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "904a953ab1d4b6fb877f38ee21f7261d",
"text": "London Protocol (1852) On 8 May 1852 , after the First War of Schleswig , an agreement called the London Protocol was signed . This international treaty was the revision of an earlier protocol , which had been ratified on 2 August 1850 , by the major Germanic powers of Austria and Prussia . The second London Protocol was recognised by the five major European powers -- Austria , France , Prussia , Russia , and the United Kingdom -- as well as by the Baltic Sea powers of Denmark and Sweden . The Protocol affirmed the integrity of the Danish federation as a `` European necessity and standing principle '' . Accordingly , the duchies of Schleswig ( a Danish fief ) , and Holstein and Lauenburg ( German fiefs ) were joined by personal union with the Kingdom of Denmark . However , Frederick VII of Denmark was childless , so a change in dynasty was imminent and the lines of succession for the duchies and Denmark diverged . That meant that , contrary to the Protocol , the new King of Denmark would not also be the new Duke of Holstein and Duke of Lauenburg . So for this purpose , the line of succession to the duchies was modified . Further , it was affirmed that the duchies were to remain as independent entities , and that Schleswig would have no greater constitutional affinity to Denmark than Holstein did . The major powers primarily wanted to ensure , by guaranteeing Denmark 's territorial integrity , that the strategically significant port of Kiel would not fall into Prussian hands . Eleven years later , this treaty became the trigger for the German -- Danish war of 1864 . Prussia and Austria declared that Denmark had violated the Protocol by introducing the November Constitution , which Christian IX of Denmark signed on 18 November 1863 . After an initial period of joint Austro -- Prussian administration , Kiel was ultimately delivered to Prussia in 1867 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65d8983e99c086bfe5df6ae3afd7ea91",
"text": "History of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom The history of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom covers British foreign policy from about 1600 to 2000 . For the current situation since 2000 see Foreign relations of the United Kingdom . Britain from 1750 to the 1910s took pride in an unmatched economic base comprising industry , finance , shipping and trade that largely dominated the globe . Foreign policy based on free trade ( after 1840 ) kept the economy flourishing . The overseas Empire recovered after the loss of America in 1776 and reached its zenith about 1920 , and foreign policy made sure it was never seriously threatened . After expending enormous energy on the defeat of France and Napoleon ( 1793-1815 ) , British policy focused on achieving a conservative balance of power within Europe , with no one country achieving dominance over the affairs of the continent . This had been the basic reason behind the British wars against Napoleon , and the British commitment in the First and Second World Wars . The chief enemy down to 1815 was France , with its much larger population base and its powerful army . The British were generally successful in their many wars , with the notable exception of the American War of Independence ( 1775 -- 1783 ) . In that war Britain , without any major allies , was defeated by the colonials who had the support of France and the Netherlands , and France had support from Spain . A favoured diplomatic strategy was subsidising the armies of continental allies , such as Prussia , thereby turning London 's enormous financial power to military advantage . Britain relied heavily on its Royal Navy for security , seeking to keep it the most powerful fleet afloat with a full complement of bases across the globe . British dominance of the seas was vital to the formation of the British Empire , which was achieved through the maintenance of a Navy larger than the next two largest Navies combined for the majority of the 19th and early 20th centuries , prior to the entry of the United States into the Second World War . The British controlled the oceans . So powerful was the Royal Navy , it needed to do little actual fighting from 1812 to 1914 . Although all of the other major Powers fought with their neighbours , the British army had only one relatively limited war ( the Crimean War against Russia in 1854-56 ) . The Army mostly handled garrison duty , and did have to deal with localized insurrections and colonial conflicts in Asia and Africa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17",
"text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b67978c54f4d6a26bfa7a553a5e897e3",
"text": "Special Relationship The Special Relationship is the unofficial term for the exceptionally close political , diplomatic , cultural , economic , military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States . It was used in a 1946 speech by Winston Churchill . Although both the United Kingdom and United States have close relationships with many other nations , the level of cooperation between them in economic activity , trade and commerce , military planning , execution of military operations , nuclear weapons technology , and intelligence sharing has been described as `` unparalleled '' among major powers . The United Kingdom and United States have been close allies in numerous military and political conflicts throughout the 20th and 21st centuries including World War I , World War II , the Korean War , the Cold War , the Gulf War , and the War on Terror .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8ae1079c609e467a566bb1791a75f87",
"text": "H. H. Asquith Herbert Henry Asquith , 1st Earl of Oxford and Asquith , ( 12 September 1852 -- 15 February 1928 ) , generally known as H. H. Asquith , served as the Liberal Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1908 to 1916 , and was the last Liberal leader to lead that party in government without forming a coalition . He had a central role in the design and passage of major liberal legislation . In August 1914 , Asquith took the United Kingdom into the First World War , but resigned amid political conflict in December 1916 and was succeeded by his War Secretary David Lloyd George . Asquith 's father owned a small business but died when Asquith was seven . Asquith was educated at City of London School and Balliol College , Oxford . He trained as a barrister and after a slow start to his career achieved great success . In 1886 , he was adopted as Liberal candidate for East Fife , a seat he held over thirty years . In 1892 , he was appointed as Home Secretary in Gladstone 's fourth ministry , remaining in the post until the Liberals lost the 1895 election . In the decade of opposition that followed , Asquith became a major figure in the party , and when the Liberals regained power under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman in 1905 , Asquith was named as Chancellor of the Exchequer . In 1908 , Asquith succeeded him as prime minister , with David Lloyd George as chancellor . With their first majority government since the 1880s , the Liberals were determined to advance their agenda . An impediment to this was the unelected House of Lords , dominated by the Conservatives . When Lloyd George proposed , and the House of Commons passed , the People 's Budget of 1909 , the Lords rejected it . Meanwhile the South Africa Act 1909 passed . Asquith called an election for January 1910 , and the Liberals won , though were reduced to a minority government . Although the Lords then passed the budget , Asquith was determined to reform the upper house , and following the general election in December 1910 gained passage of the Parliament Act 1911 , allowing a bill three times passed by the Commons in consecutive sessions to be enacted regardless of the Lords . Asquith was less successful in dealing with Irish Home Rule . Repeated crises led to gun running and violence , verging on civil war . Asquith 's action in taking the country to war was one of the most important individual ministerial decision of modern times ; he did it with Britain united and with the postponement of the issues of Ireland and women 's suffrage . He assisted Britain 's ultimate success in the war through his early decisions on national mobilisation ; the despatch of the British Expeditionary Force to the Western Front , the creation of a mass army , and the development of an industrial strategy designed to support the country 's war aims . But Asquith 's technique of acting as mediator among talented cabinet members such as Lloyd George and Winston Churchill was less effective in war than in peace , and setbacks in the war effort forced him to form a coalition government with the Conservatives and Labour early in 1915 . Bitter rivalries inside and between the three major parties worsened when Asquith was unable to forge the coalition into a harmonious team . It was weakened by his own indecision over strategy , conscription , and financing . Lloyd George organised his overthrow and replaced him as Prime Minister in December 1916 . Asquith remained as leader of the Liberal Party , but was unable to quell the internal conflict . The party rapidly declined in popularity and was ruined by the 1918 general election . Asquith accepted a peerage in 1925 and died , aged 75 , in 1928 . His roles in creating the modern British welfare state , 1906-1911 have been celebrated , but his weaknesses as a war leader and as a party leader after 1914 have been emphasised by historians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9eff5cd881db0014aa430e785193c3c",
"text": "List of tallest buildings in the British Empire and the British Commonwealth The title of tallest building in the British Empire ( later in the Commonwealth ) has been contested since the late nineteenth century . In this era the nations of the British Empire possessed a large measure of cultural unity and naturally looked to each other for comparison and competition . This was evident in the displays at Queen Victoria 's silver and diamond jubilees and in the creation of the British Empire Games in 1930 ( later the Commonwealth Games ) . A similar phenomenon occurred in the world of architecture and civics . Local boosters in cities and regions across the Empire covered the title of `` greatest '' , `` biggest '' , `` largest '' or `` best '' in the Empire . This boosterism was concentrated in Canada where desire to claim the title spurned a race between cities and builders between 1905 and 1931 . In general the boosters focused on commercial buildings , as claiming the title was part of marketing the building to potential renters ( and the city to the wider world ) . They conveniently ignored much taller non-commercial buildings such as St Paul 's Cathedral which stands 111 m and was consecrated in 1708 , or Victoria Tower in the Palace of Westminster which was built in 1855 and measures 98.5 m . The Commonwealth of Nations slowly evolved out of the British Empire over decades , but the 1931 Statute of Westminster is often used as a dividing point . During the twentieth century the title was held primarily by Canadian buildings . Since the 1990s , however Asian buildings have held the title . Height restrictions have much to do with this list . Until the 1960s , London , the capital of the Empire , had especially strict height maxima to preserve the views of historic structures . Until the late 1920 Montreal limited all buildings to a maximum of 10 stories , and it still limits buildings to less than the sea-level elevation of Mont Royal . Since 1989 Vancouver restricted buildings from blocking the North Shore Mountains , creating a practical upper limit of around 137 meters , until 1997 when seven sites were pre-selected for taller buildings as exceptions to the rule . Singapore limits all buildings to below 280 meters because of the proximity of Singapore Changi Airport . The International Commerce Centre in Hong Kong is not included because it was built after Hong Kong left the Commonwealth . The list also excludes Toronto 's CN Tower as there is debate as to whether it is technically a building , or just a structure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9",
"text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68565af946b0b8279ccc7d77f2e5f794",
"text": "Monarchy A monarchy is a form of government in which a group , usually a family called the dynasty , embodies the country 's national identity and one of its members , called the monarch , exercises a role of sovereignty . The actual power of the monarch may vary from purely symbolic ( crowned republic ) , to partial and restricted ( constitutional monarchy ) , to completely autocratic ( absolute monarchy ) . Traditionally and in most cases , the monarch 's post is inherited and lasts until death or abdication , but there are also elective monarchies where the monarch is elected . Each of these has variations : in some elected monarchies only those of certain pedigrees are , whereas many hereditary monarchies impose requirements regarding the religion , age , gender , mental capacity , etc. . Occasionally this might create a situation of rival claimants whose legitimacy is subject to effective election . Finally , there have been cases where the term of a monarch 's reign is either fixed in years or continues until certain goals are achieved : an invasion being repulsed , for instance . Thus there are widely divergent structures and traditions defining monarchy . Monarchy was the most common form of government until the 19th century , but it is no longer prevalent . Where it exists , it is now usually a constitutional monarchy , in which the monarch retains a unique legal and ceremonial role , but exercises limited or no official political power : under the written or unwritten constitution , others have governing authority . Currently , 47 sovereign nations in the world have monarchs acting as heads of state , 19 of which are Commonwealth realms that recognise Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state . All European monarchies are constitutional ones , with the exception of the Vatican City which is an elective monarchy , but sovereigns in the smaller states exercise greater political influence than in the larger . The monarchs of Cambodia , Japan , and Malaysia `` reign , but do not rule '' although there is considerable variation in the degree of authority they wield . Although they reign under constitutions , the monarchs of Brunei , Morocco , Oman , Qatar , Saudi Arabia and Swaziland appear to continue to exercise more political influence than any other single source of authority in their nations , either by constitutional mandate or by tradition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68faeda2f50eab595360a56c517a2da2",
"text": "List of Prime Ministers of King George VI King George VI was the monarch of the United Kingdom , the British Commonwealth and the British Empire from 11 December 1936 until his death on 6 February 1952 . During his reign George was served by a total of 31 Prime Ministers ; 4 from the United Kingdom , 7 from Australia , 2 from Canada , 1 from Ceylon , 1 from India , 1 from Ireland , 3 from Malta , 3 from New Zealand , 3 from Northern Ireland , 2 from Pakistan , 3 from South Africa and 1 from Southern Rhodesia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63322675063f8fd379ecd33944e211e0",
"text": "Robert Walpole Robert Walpole , 1st Earl of Orford , ( 26 August 1676 -- 18 March 1745 ) , known before 1742 as Sir Robert Walpole , was a British statesman who is generally regarded as the de facto first Prime Minister of Great Britain . Although the exact dates of his dominance are a matter of scholarly debate , 1721 -- 42 are often used . He dominated the Walpole -- Townshend ministry and the Walpole ministry and holds the record as the longest-serving Prime Minister in British history . Speck says that Walpole 's uninterrupted run of 20 years as Prime Ministeris rightly regarded as one of the major feats of British political history ... Explanations are usually offered in terms of his expert handling of the political system after 1720 , -LSB- and -RSB- his unique blending of the surviving powers of the crown with the increasing influence of the Commons.He was a Whig from the gentry class , who was first elected to Parliament in 1701 , and held many senior positions . He was a country squire and looked to country gentlemen for his political base . Historian Frank O'Gorman says his leadership in Parliament reflected his `` reasonable and persuasive oratory , his ability to move both the emotions as well as the minds of men , and , above all , his extraordinary self-confidence . '' Hoppit says Walpole 's policies sought moderation : he worked for peace , lower taxes , growing exports , and allowed a little more tolerance for Protestant Dissenters . He avoided controversy and high-intensity disputes , as his middle way attracted moderates from both the Whig and Tory camps . Dickinson sums up his historical role : Walpole was one of the greatest politicians in British history . He played a significant role in sustaining the Whig party , safeguarding the Hanoverian succession , and defending the principles of the Glorious Revolution ( 1688 ) ... He established a stable political supremacy for the Whig party and taught succeeding ministers how best to establish an effective working relationship between Crown and Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca83c2d7b16cc8fb1b88a8d89aa09ef2",
"text": "United Kingdom company law The United Kingdom company law regulates corporations formed under the Companies Act 2006 . Also governed by the Insolvency Act 1986 , the UK Corporate Governance Code , European Union Directives and court cases , the company is the primary legal vehicle to organise and run business . Tracing their modern history to the late Industrial Revolution , public companies now employ more people and generate more of wealth in the United Kingdom economy than any other form of organisation . The United Kingdom was the first country to draft modern corporation statutes , where through a simple registration procedure any investors could incorporate , limit liability to their commercial creditors in the event of business insolvency , and where management was delegated to a centralised board of directors . An influential model within Europe , the Commonwealth and as an international standard setter , UK law has always given people broad freedom to design the internal company rules , so long as the mandatory minimum rights of investors under its legislation are complied with . Company law , or corporate law , can be broken down into two main fields . Corporate governance in the UK mediates the rights and duties among shareholders , employees , creditors and directors . Since the board of directors habitually possesses the power to manage the business under a company constitution , a central theme is what mechanisms exist to ensure directors ' accountability . UK law is `` shareholder friendly '' in that shareholders , to the exclusion of employees , typically exercise sole voting rights in the general meeting . The general meeting holds a series of minimum rights to change the company constitution , issue resolutions and remove members of the board . In turn , directors owe a set of duties to their companies . Directors must carry out their responsibilities with competence , in good faith and undivided loyalty to the enterprise . If the mechanisms of voting do not prove enough , particularly for minority shareholders , directors ' duties and other member rights may be vindicated in court . Of central importance in public and listed companies is the securities market , typified by the London Stock Exchange . Through the Takeover Code the UK strongly protects the right of shareholders to be treated equally and freely trade their shares . Corporate finance concerns the two money raising options for limited companies . Equity finance involves the traditional method of issuing shares to build up a company 's capital . Shares can contain any rights the company and purchaser wish to contract for , but generally grant the right to participate in dividends after a company earns profits and the right to vote in company affairs . A purchaser of shares is helped to make an informed decision directly by prospectus requirements of full disclosure , and indirectly through restrictions on financial assistance by companies for purchase of their own shares . Debt finance means getting loans , usually for the price of a fixed annual interest repayment . Sophisticated lenders , such as banks typically contract for a security interest over the assets of a company , so that in the event of default on loan repayments they may seize the company 's property directly to satisfy debts . Creditors are also , to some extent , protected by courts ' power to set aside unfair transactions before a company goes under , or recoup money from negligent directors engaged in wrongful trading . If a company is unable to pay its debts as they fall due , UK insolvency law requires an administrator to attempt a rescue of the company ( if the company itself has the assets to pay for this ) . If rescue proves impossible , a company 's life ends when its assets are liquidated , distributed to creditors and the company is struck off the register . If a company becomes insolvent with no assets it can be wound up by a creditor , for a fee ( not that common ) , or more commonly by the tax creditor ( HMRC ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e13707ee4ec7915df73975cf1be73e4",
"text": "Anglo-Portuguese Alliance The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance ( or Aliança Luso-Britânica ) , ratified at the Treaty of Windsor in 1386 , between England ( succeeded by the United Kingdom ) and Portugal is the oldest alliance in the world that is still in force -- with the earliest treaty dating back to the Anglo-Portuguese Treaty of 1373 . This alliance , which goes back to the Middle Ages , has served both countries . It was very important throughout history , influencing the participation of the United Kingdom in the Iberian Peninsular War , the UK 's major land contribution to the Napoleonic Wars and the establishment of an Anglo-American base in Portugal . Portugal aided England ( and later the UK ) in times of need , for example , in the First World War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "949adc56e96683ef591cbc1deef2b97a",
"text": "Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence The Unilateral Declaration of Independence ( UDI ) was a statement adopted by the Cabinet of Rhodesia on 11 November 1965 , announcing that Rhodesia , a British territory in southern Africa that had governed itself since 1923 , now regarded itself as an independent sovereign state . The culmination of a protracted dispute between the British and Rhodesian governments regarding the terms under which the latter could become fully independent , it was the first unilateral break from the United Kingdom by one of its colonies since the United States Declaration of Independence nearly two centuries before . Britain , the Commonwealth and the United Nations all deemed Rhodesia 's UDI illegal , and economic sanctions , the first in the UN 's history , were imposed on the breakaway colony . Amid near-complete international isolation , Rhodesia continued as an unrecognised state with the assistance of South Africa and Portugal . The Rhodesian government , which mostly comprised members of the country 's white minority of about 5 % , was indignant when , amid decolonisation and the Wind of Change , less developed African colonies to the north without comparable experience of self-rule quickly advanced to independence during the early 1960s while Rhodesia was refused sovereignty under the newly ascendant principle of `` no independence before majority rule '' ( `` NIBMAR '' ) . Most white Rhodesians felt that they were due independence following four decades ' self-government , and that Britain was betraying them by withholding it . This combined with the colonial government 's acute reluctance to hand over power to black nationalists -- the manifestation of racial tensions , Cold War anti-communism and the fear that a dystopian Congo-style situation might result -- to create the impression that if Britain did not grant independence , Rhodesia might be justified in taking it unilaterally . Stalemate developed between the British and Rhodesian Prime Ministers , Harold Wilson and Ian Smith respectively , between 1964 and 1965 . Dispute largely surrounded the British condition that the terms for independence had to be acceptable `` to the people of the country as a whole '' ; Smith contended that this was met , while Britain and black nationalist leaders in Rhodesia held that it was not . After Wilson proposed in late October 1965 that Britain might safeguard future black representation in the Rhodesian parliament by withdrawing some of the colonial government 's devolved powers , then presented terms for an investigatory Royal Commission that the Rhodesians found unacceptable , Smith and his Cabinet declared independence . Calling this treasonous , the British colonial Governor Sir Humphrey Gibbs formally dismissed Smith and his government , but they ignored him and appointed an `` Officer Administering the Government '' to take his place . While no country recognised UDI , the Rhodesian High Court deemed the post-UDI government legal and de jure in 1968 . The Smith administration initially professed continued loyalty to Queen Elizabeth II , but abandoned this in 1970 when it declared a republic in an unsuccessful attempt to win foreign recognition . The Rhodesian Bush War , a guerrilla conflict between the government and two rival communist-backed black nationalist groups , began in earnest two years later , and after several attempts to end the war Smith agreed the Internal Settlement with non-militant nationalists in 1978 . Under these terms the country was reconstituted under black rule as Zimbabwe Rhodesia in June 1979 , but this new order was rejected by the guerrillas and the international community . The Bush War continued until Zimbabwe Rhodesia revoked UDI as part of the Lancaster House Agreement in December 1979 . Following a brief period of direct British rule , the country was granted internationally recognised independence under the name Zimbabwe in 1980 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "829dad31afe01d907adb5f39cccc2edd",
"text": "Airpower Airpower or air power comprises the application of military strategy and strategic theory to the realm of aerial warfare . Airpower began with the advent of powered flight early in the 20th century . Airpower represents a `` complex operating environment that has been subjected to considerable debate '' . British doctrine defines airpower as `` the ability to project power from the air and space to influence the behaviour of people or the course of events . '' Airpower is a function of air supremacy and numbers . Roughly speaking , a combatant side that has 100 % or near 100 % control of the skies has air supremacy ; an advantage of some 70 -- 90 % would indicate air superiority . A 50/50 split is air parity ; lower than this , one side may be said to be air denied or air incapable . Because aeroplanes generally take off from designed airfields on missions typically involving some hours of cruising , the precise state of air superiority is fluid and less defined vis-a-vis land or sea warfare . For example , a contested airspace directly above a battlespace bristling with anti-aircraft weapons may be denied to the air forces of both sides . Further , the completely different situations of a technologically advanced airforce with one flight of high-tech planes ( air supremacy but low capacity ) or a low-tech force of massive numbers of low-tech planes ( e.g. , An-2 ) resulting in high capacity but low long-term survivability demonstrate that ` air power ' is multi-faceted and complex . Significant contributors to theorizing about air power have been Giulio Douhet , Billy Mitchell , John Boyd and John A. Warden III . At the start of World War I , opinions differed on the national air forces and the value of airships . Some early strategists/visionaries after World War I imagined that airpower alone would suffice to bring nations to their knees . The Bombing of Guernica was an early trial that revealed both capabilities and limitations . But yet another maxim , `` no war was ever won solely by airpower '' was challenged by the NATO victory in Kosovo . Airpower has been used to conduct lightning strategic strikes , to complement land offensives , to instill fear and lower morale similarly to a fleet in being , and to create broad-based destruction behind enemy lines . With airpower , supplies can be transported by cargo planes , providing a decisive edge in mobility . Military and civilian aircraft interact in a number of complex ways , including shootdowns of civilian planes , whether mistaken or not ; military escorts of civilian planes ; civilian planes being used for military transport , espionage , or other purposes ; and/or no-fly zones being enforced to punish or sanction a target nation . Airpower also relates to space power , although militarization of space remains regulated by international treaty . Developed nations have enjoyed a consistent advantage in airpower since the beginning of mechanized flight . Airpower has been wielded mostly decisively in the last hundred years by Nazi Germany , the United Kingdom , the United States , the Soviet Union , Japan , Italy , and France , with many client nations using aircraft developed by one or more of these nations . A mass technological base is considered necessary for the development of airpower .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "804db23614d605a8722d95b6e77599c3",
"text": "British intelligence agencies The Government of the United Kingdom maintains intelligence agencies within several different government departments . The agencies are responsible for collecting and producing foreign and domestic intelligence , providing military intelligence , performing espionage and counter-espionage . Their intelligence assessments contribute to the conduct of the foreign relations of the United Kingdom , maintaining the national security of the United Kingdom , military planning and law enforcement in the United Kingdom . The three main agencies are the Secret Intelligence Service ( MI6 ) , the Security Service ( MI5 ) , and the Government Communications Headquarters . The history of the organisations goes back to the 19th century . The decryption of the Zimmermann Telegram in 1917 was described as the most significant intelligence triumph for Britain during World War I , and one of the earliest occasions on which a piece of signals intelligence influenced world events . During the Second World War and afterwards , many observers regarded Ultra as immensely valuable to the Allies of World War II . In the post-war period , intelligence cooperation between the United Kingdom and the United States became the cornerstone of Western intelligence gathering and the `` Special Relationship '' between the UK and the USA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65db15b7b1b6d8061b34c5578b25d138",
"text": "1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers' Economic Conference The 1952 Commonwealth Prime Ministers ' Economic Conference was an emergency Meeting of the Heads of Government of the Commonwealth of Nations . It was called by the British government of Sir Winston Churchill and held in the United Kingdom in December 1952 as a follow-up to a Commonwealth Finance Minister 's conference held in January 1952 . The conference was held in the context of British economic and military decline and the United States ' surging role in the world . The principal topic of the conference was the convertibility and liquidity of Pound sterling into American dollars and British concerns that non-sterling Commonwealth countries were building up sterling balances for the purpose of conversion into American dollars , the future of the Pound sterling area , and the alleviation of Commonwealth trade restrictions and imperial preference , particularly in the light of the surging American economy and the desire of Commonwealth countries such as Australia for American investment in order for economic development to occur against British concerns that American economic dominance threatened Britain 's economic position . This discussion was necessary as the Commonwealth , with the exception of Canada , had a common pool of gold and dollar reserves . Little was accomplished in the economic discussion with the final communique being described as an `` agreement in platitudes '' . British concerns at being excluded from the ANZUS military treaty between Australia , New Zealand and the United States were also a topic and were addressed by a communique issued by the prime ministers supporting Britain 's demand for a voice in ANZUS . In addition , Commonwealth prime ministers , after months of discussion on whether the newly ascended Queen Elizabeth II should have a uniform Royal Styles and Titles throughout the Commonwealth or whether realms should adopt their own styles and titles , it was agreed that each member of the Commonwealth `` should use for its own purposes a form of the Royal Style and Titles which suits its own particular circumstances but retains a substantial element which is common to all '' and agreed to pass appropriate legislation in their respective parliaments . The prime ministers also agreed to proclaim the new Queen , Elizabeth II , Head of the Commonwealth in succession of her late father , George VI .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
67c60cc36c8d18d03bd73e857de33982 | Role-playing games' original form was table top RPG. | [
{
"docid": "7e84628c7159071ebf0781806a33fc7e",
"text": "Role-playing game A role-playing game ( sometimes spelled roleplaying game and abbreviated to RPG ) is a game in which players assume the roles of characters in a fictional setting . Players take responsibility for acting out these roles within a narrative , either through literal acting or through a process of structured decision-making or character development . Actions taken within many games succeed or fail according to a formal system of rules and guidelines . There are several forms of RPG . The original form , sometimes called the tabletop RPG , is conducted through discussion , whereas in live action role-playing games ( LARP ) players physically perform their characters actions . In both of these forms , an arranger called a game master ( GM ) usually decides on the rules and setting to be used , acting as referee , while each of the other players plays the role of a single character . Several varieties of RPG also exist in electronic media , such as multi-player text-based MUDs and their graphics-based successors , massively multiplayer online role-playing games ( MMORPGs ) . Role-playing games also include single-player role-playing video games in which players control a character or team who undertake quests , and may include capabilities that advance using statistical mechanics . These games often share settings and rules with tabletop RPGs , but emphasize character advancement more than collaborative storytelling . Despite this variety of forms , some game forms such as trading card games and wargames that are related to role-playing games may not be included . Role-playing activity may sometimes be present in such games , but it is not the primary focus . The term is also sometimes used to describe roleplay simulation games and exercises used in teaching , training , and academic research .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a31e95fcaa62673833d9a6dd716938bf",
"text": "Tenra War is a Japanese mixed-genre tabletop role-playing game designed by Jun ` ichi Inoue and FarEast Amusement Research . It was released in April 2007 . It is a triple crossover product , based on an oriental science fantasy RPG Tenra Bansho , steampunk western RPG Terra the Gunslinger , and post-apocalypse mecha RPG Angel Gear '' . All three of the original games were designed by Jun ` ichi Inoue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36d8c5c7a753183080cac4cbe07c153d",
"text": "List of role-playing video games: 1994 to 1995",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "785fa58952b8bc7dbf052ad9c3e31d1a",
"text": "Hol (role-playing game) HoL ( sometimes written as `` HōL '' ) is a role-playing game created by Dirt Merchant Games and produced by Black Dog Game Factory , a subsidiary of White Wolf which produced adult oriented RPGs . The HoL Core Rulebook was published in 1994 , and was followed up by one other supplement Buttery Wholesomeness in 1995 . Although HoL is playable , it was meant as a satire of RPGs . The pages of the books are written by hand , and the authors freely take stabs at other popular role-playing games , particularly Vampire : The Masquerade and Dungeons & Dragons , and those who play them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58b1547ba476e87ce6c2a243edfa2f55",
"text": "Online casino Online casinos , also known as virtual casinos or Internet casinos , are online versions of traditional ( `` brick and mortar '' ) casinos . Online casinos enable gamblers to play and wager on casino games through the Internet . It is a prolific form of online gambling . Online casinos generally offer odds and payback percentages that are a bit higher than land-based casinos . Some online casinos claim higher payback percentages for slot machine games , and some publish payout percentage audits on their websites . Assuming that the online casino is using an appropriately programmed random number generator , table games like blackjack have an established house edge . The payout percentage for these games are established by the rules of the game . Many online casinos rent or buy their software from companies like CryptoLogic Inc ( now Amaya ) , International Game Technology , Microgaming , Playtech , and Realtime Gaming .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41c1e0e86b92b93fe731006c4f06c815",
"text": "Mystery Mansion (video game) Mystery Mansion is the name of a text-based adventure game written in 1978-1981 by Bill Wolpert while at the Naval Undersea Warfare Center in Keyport , Washington . It originally ran only on the HP HP-1000 minicomputer on the RTE ( Real Time Executive ) operating system , but was later ported by persons unknown to run under MPE ( Multiprocessing Executive ) on the HP-3000 . Although the development dates make it contemporaneous with other seminal interactive fiction games such as Adventure and Dungeon ( which went on to become the Zork series from Infocom ) , it remains relatively unknown due to the specialized computers and operating systems on which it ran . Two C-language ports exist , one by James Garnett while a graduate student at the University of Colorado , and another by Bob Sorem of the University of Minnesota ( see illustration ) . The former is a line-by-line exact port in K&R - style C that runs on most Unix-flavor operating systems , while the latter is an adaptation with features not in Wolpert 's original in Borland C that runs only under DOS/Windows . The object of the single-player game is to find one 's way through a run-down , foreboding mansion in order to find various treasures , solve a murder , sleep with the maid ( if very lucky ) , and avoid getting `` killed '' in the process all before the mansion is destroyed by fire at midnight to end the game . In addition to the 3 rooms x 3 rooms x 3 stories cube-shaped mansion , there are gardens , tunnels , nefarious characters , and other obstacles to make one 's way through or around . Being text-based , there are no illustrations at all , so the player has to imagine everything that is being described .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8539fba84f86cd1f9ca6477e0bdbe556",
"text": "Party (role-playing games) thumb | right | A party of adventurers in Tales of Trolls & Treasures . A party is a group of characters adventuring together in a role-playing game . In tabletop role-playing , a party is composed of a group of players , occasionally with the addition of non-player character allies ( sometimes called henchmen ) controlled by those players or by the gamemaster . In computer games , the relationship between the party and the players varies considerably . Online role-playing games or MMORPG parties are often , in the above sense , of the same constituency as tabletop parties , except that the allies are always controlled to a lesser or greater extent by the computer AI . In single-player computer games , the player generally controls all party members to a varying degree . Examples of games which have parties include the tabletop RPG Vampire : the Requiem , the single-player role-playing Baldur 's Gate series , MMORPGs such as World of Warcraft , Anarchy Online and Warhammer Online , and the multi-player computer action-RPG Final Fantasy XI .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1ba067ba8356479f16c450291d67a15",
"text": "System Reference Document The System Reference Document ( SRD ) is a set of reference role playing game mechanics licensed under the Open Game License by Wizards of the Coast ( or WotC ) and based upon their Dungeons and Dragons role-playing game . The SRD forms the basis of WotC 's various d20 System role-playing games , including the d20 System itself , d20 Modern and d20 Future . The SRD is also the basis for role-playing games published by companies other than WotC ; these include Mutants & Masterminds , Arcana Evolved , Labyrinth Lord , and OSRIC , among others . Some other game systems ( such as FATE ) have also released their own mechanics under OGL-licensed `` System Reference Documents '' of their own ; however , this article discusses specifically the d20 SRD .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "415eeb2c8d1ff72f2ef2fb869b584783",
"text": "List of role-playing video games: 1990 to 1991",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82881b1dd28f78f0601c97f3f6b030f3",
"text": "Educational game Educational games are games explicitly designed with educational purposes , or which have incidental or secondary educational value . All types of games may be used in an educational environment . Educational games are games that are designed to help people to learn about certain subjects , expand concepts , reinforce development , understand a historical event or culture , or assist them in learning a skill as they play . Game types include board , card , and video games . An educational game is a game designed to teach humans about a specific subject and to teach them a skill . As educators , governments , and parents realize the psychological need and benefits of gaming have on learning , this educational tool has become mainstream . Games are interactive play that teach us goals , rules , adaptation , problem solving , interaction , all represented as a story . They satisfy our fundamental need to learn by providing enjoyment , passionate involvement , structure , motivation , ego gratification , adrenaline , creativity , social interaction and emotion in the game itself while the learning takes place .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad51dae09b61ef0d163e6b560b719d1c",
"text": "Polish role-playing games Polish role-playing games have been in production since the early 1990s . Now there are several games that have been designed in Poland , as well as many translations on the market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cba70ea3c7e86086f3c93cf1db941e7",
"text": "Merchant Prince Merchant Prince is a turn-based 4X strategy video game franchise set the Republic of Venice during the Renaissance . The first was published in 1993 ; in 1995 ; and in 2001 . All three were developed by Holistic Design ( HDI ) but had separate publishers . The first two use MS-DOS ; the third Windows . All three support up to four players and differ chiefly in their graphics and user interface . In general , the games are trade simulators where items are bought low , transported , and sold high . They achieved notability , however , for their representation of Venetian and papal politics , with players able to bribe senators and cardinals for political , military , and religious power . Overt attacks against other players can destroy one 's popularity and influence , but the game offers a thieves ' den where covert options include arson , rumor-mongering , and assassination . The games are won after a predetermined number of turns ( years ) by the player with the highest net worth , including the value of bribed senators and cardinals . The game 's world map has been praised as `` capturing what exploring is really like '' , as the player expands beyond the known and certain world into distant seas and lands which have been filled in only by rumor , legend , and wild speculation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2d8d1f11427c79034d33932b464e996",
"text": "Cyberpunk derivatives A number of cyberpunk derivatives have become recognized as distinct subgenres in speculative fiction . These derivatives , though they do not share cyberpunk 's computers-focused setting , may display other qualities drawn from or analogous to cyberpunk : a world built on one particular technology that is extrapolated to a highly sophisticated level ( this may even be a fantastical or anachronistic technology , akin to retro-futurism ) , a gritty transreal urban style , or a particular approach to social themes . The most successful of these subgenres , Steampunk , has been defined as a `` kind of technological fantasy '' , and others in this category sometimes also incorporate aspects of science fantasy and historical fantasy . Scholars have written of these subgenres ' stylistic place in postmodern literature , and also their ambiguous interaction with the historical perspective of postcolonialism . American author Bruce Bethke coined the term `` cyberpunk '' in his 1980 short story of the same name , proposing it as a label for a new generation of punk teenagers inspired by the perceptions inherent to the Information Age . The term was quickly appropriated as a label to be applied to the works of William Gibson , Bruce Sterling , John Shirley , Rudy Rucker , Michael Swanwick , Pat Cadigan , Lewis Shiner , Richard Kadrey , and others . Science fiction author Lawrence Person , in defining postcyberpunk , summarized the characteristics of cyberpunk thus : Classic cyberpunk characters were marginalized , alienated loners who lived on the edge of society in generally dystopic futures where daily life was impacted by rapid technological change , an ubiquitous datasphere of computerized information , and invasive modification of the human body . The relevance of cyberpunk as a genre to punk subculture is debatable and further hampered by the lack of a defined cyberpunk subculture ; where the small cyber movement shares themes with cyberpunk fiction and draws inspiration from punk and goth alike , cyberculture is much more popular though much less defined , encompassing virtual communities and cyberspace in general and typically embracing optimistic anticipations about the future . Cyberpunk is nonetheless regarded as a successful genre , as it ensnared many new readers and provided the sort of movement that postmodern literary critics found alluring . Furthermore , author David Brin argues , cyberpunk made science fiction more attractive and profitable for mainstream media and the visual arts in general .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e8c9e83f85d085974fd68c97c540e39",
"text": "Risk (game) Risk is a strategy board game of diplomacy , conflict and conquest for two to six players . The standard version is played on a board depicting a political map of the earth , divided into forty-two territories , which are grouped into six continents . Turn rotates among players who control armies of playing pieces with which they attempt to capture territories from other players , with results determined by dice rolls . Players may form and dissolve alliances during the course of the game . The goal of the game is to occupy every territory on the board and in doing so , eliminate the other players . The game can be lengthy , requiring several hours to multiple days to finish . European versions are structured so that each player has a limited `` secret mission '' objective that shortens the game . Risk was invented by a French filmmaker in 1957 , and went on to become one of the most popular board games in history , inspiring other popular games like Axis & Allies and Settlers of Catan . The simple rules but complex interactions make it appealing to adults as well as children and families . It is still in production by Hasbro with numerous editions and variants with popular media themes and different rules including PC software versions , video games and mobile apps .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "016871ef9181edf40e21ead00b0435fa",
"text": "List of miniature wargames Miniature wargames are a form of wargaming designed to incorporate miniatures or figurines into play , which was invented at the beginning of the 19th century in Prussia . The miniatures used represent troops or vehicles ( such as tanks , chariots , aircraft , ships , etc. ) . The games may reflect historical situations and armies , or may be futuristic or fantasy-based . This list compiles published miniature wargames categorized by their subject matter , genre , or time period covered in their rules . Where known , the publisher is given ( or , in a few cases , the designer ( s ) in the case of self-published or freely distributed games ) , as well as the date of first publication ( many games have been published in several updated editions ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a096452a22f0807c7d59cf9d5007bf88",
"text": "Music video game A music video game , also commonly known as a music game , is a video game where the gameplay is meaningfully and often almost entirely oriented around the player 's interactions with a musical score or individual songs . Music video games may take a variety of forms and are often grouped with puzzle games due to their common use of `` rhythmically generated puzzles '' . Strong support for the convergence of live music and video games is evident with the success of the Video Games Live concert series . Emergent games for live concert performance , `` game-scores '' , augment traditional western music notation with the dramatic elements of animation , interactivity , graphic elements and aleatoric principles ( Anigraphical Music ) . The concept of incorporating game theory and music is not new and can be traced back to Musikalisches Würfelspiel . Music video games are distinct from purely audio games ( e.g. the 1997 Sega Saturn release Real Sound : Kaze no Regret ) in that they feature a visual feedback , to lead the player through the game 's soundtrack , although eidetic music games can fall under both categories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a37ee0cf4a0a555fba22e254b91596d",
"text": "Turn-based tactics Turn-based tactics ( TBT ) , or tactical turn-based ( TTB ) , is a computer and video game genre of strategy video games that through stop-action simulates the considerations and circumstances of operational warfare and military tactics in generally small-scale confrontations as opposed to more strategic considerations of turn-based strategy ( TBS ) games . Turn-based tactical gameplay is characterized by the expectation of players to complete their tasks using only the combat forces provided to them , and usually by the provision of a realistic ( or at least believable ) representation of military tactics and operations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fed017b2ad7db02484d96da9b465a0cd",
"text": "Rummy Rummy is a group of matching card games notable for similar gameplay based on matching cards of the same rank or sequence and same suit . The basic goal in any form of rummy is to build melds which consists of sets , three or four of a kind of the same rank ; or runs , three or more cards in sequence , of the same suit . You can also have mixed runs in all types of rummy so long as all 7 cards are in order . The original form of rummy is called Sai rummy , Straight Rummy , Standard Rummy , Traditional Rummy , or Basic rummy . The Mexican game of Conquian is considered by games scholar David Parlett to be ancestral to all rummy games , which itself is derived from a Chinese game called Khanhoo and , going even further back , Mahjong . The Rummy principle of drawing and discarding with a view to melding appears in Chinese card games at least in the early 19th century and perhaps as early as the 18th century and is , in fact , the essence of Mah-jong . Rummy is also very popular in India . It is most likely that Indian Rummy is an extension of Gin Rummy and Rummy 500 which originated from the USA . It is played with 13 cards , one or two decks , two or more players and with or without jokers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "009fbe5090eec059bf9780f453368aff",
"text": "Pyramid (magazine) Pyramid is a gaming magazine , publishing articles primarily on role-playing games , but including board games , card games , and other sorts of games . It began life in 1993 as a print publication of Steve Jackson Games for its first 30 issues , though it has been published on the Internet since March 1998 . Print issues were bimonthly ; the first online version published new articles each week ; the second online version is monthly . Pyramid is headquartered in Austin , Texas . It replaced Steve Jackson Games ' previous magazine Roleplayer . Pyramid features general gaming articles by freelance authors , as well as Designer 's Notes by Steve Jackson Games product developers , industry news , cartoons , and gaming product reviews . Although articles tend to concentrate on Steve Jackson Games products such as GURPS , it has published articles on other games such as d20 System , Talisman , Nobilis , Hero System , and has featured various comic strips and single-panel cartoons ( currently Murphy 's Rules ) . Steve Jackson Games also briefly published another online magazine , d20 Weekly for several months using a very similar model to that of Pyramid . However , the venture was not a success , and was eventually folded into a slightly expanded Pyramid . The online subscription system used for Pyramid also granted access to subscriber forums , a dedicated chat server , and occasional pre-publication playtest material for Steve Jackson Games and other companies ' products . In 2008 this was changed : Pyramid is available as a PDF download from e23 , and the subscriber forums have been discontinued . Access to playtest material is contingent on participation in an actual playtest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54d83e46df36bd76eaa55f293f09c508",
"text": "Adventure! (role-playing game) Adventure ! is a role-playing game designed and published by Tori Bergquist in 1985 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a12fe08cfd9a059f9a9d4e1bae1f5500",
"text": "The Rivals for Catan The Rivals for Catan ( Die Fürsten von Catan ) is an updated revision of the Catan Card Game , a card game adaptation of The Settlers of Catan . The game was released in 2010 . It is a member of the Catan series of games , and is published by Kosmos in German and Mayfair Games in English . Like its predecessor , The Rivals for Catan is a two-player game . As with the Catan Adventures series of games , the theme is based on the Rebecca Gablé novel The Settlers of Catan , a novel based on the original board game . The development of The Rivals for Catan and its evolution from the Catan Card Game was documented on the official Catanism blog in eight parts , titled `` The Reform of the Catan Card Game '' . There are a few minor changes to the rules between the two editions . The two editions are not compatible with each other , but they share many cards in common . The changes were motivated by the escalating complexity of the rules in the Catan Card Game ( which had , in 2003 , undergone a major rules revision ) in order to make the game more accessible . Cards in The Rivals for Catan are organized into `` Theme Sets '' , which broadly follow the progression of time on Catan . Included with the base game are three theme sets , `` The Era of Gold '' , `` The Era of Turmoil '' , and `` The Era of Progress '' , with each expansion of The Rivals of Catan containing additional theme sets . The Rivals of Catan supports three ( four with expansions ) different rulesets , called the Introductory ( no theme sets ) , Theme Deck ( all cards from one theme set ) , Duel of the Princes ( parts of all theme sets ) , and Tournament ( custom deck ) games . In 2011 an expansion called `` Age of Darkness '' ( `` Dunkle Zeiten '' ) with the theme sets `` The Era of Intrigue '' , `` The Era of Merchants Princes '' , and `` The Era of Barbarians '' was released . This expansion contains new card types : Region Expansions , Extraordinary Sites , Road Complements , a new center card and Marker cards . Furthermore , there are now cards which can be placed in the opponent 's principality . For 2012 a second expansion , `` Age of Enlightenment '' ( `` Goldene Zeiten '' ) was released . This 125-card expansion includes three theme sets : `` The Era of Explorers '' , `` The Era of Sages '' , and `` The Era of Prosperity '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
74ecd12071c64a245e87a67f0ed43ee9 | Angela Lansbury co-owned Corymore Productions. | [
{
"docid": "60601f6a7e4ed051a5f5c01259158b83",
"text": "Angela Lansbury Dame Angela Brigid Lansbury , ( born 16 October 1925 ) is a British-American-Irish actress who has appeared in theatre , television and film , as well as a producer , voice actress , singer , and songwriter . Her career has spanned seven decades , much of it in the United States , and her work has attracted international attention . Lansbury was born to an upper-middle-class family in central London , the daughter of actress Moyna Macgill and politician Edgar Lansbury . To escape the Blitz , in 1940 she moved to the United States with her mother and two younger brothers , and studied acting in New York City . Proceeding to Hollywood in 1942 , she signed to MGM and obtained her first film roles , in Gaslight ( 1944 ) and The Picture of Dorian Gray ( 1945 ) , earning her two Oscar nominations and a Golden Globe Award . She appeared in eleven further MGM films , mostly in minor roles , and after her contract ended in 1952 she began supplementing her cinematic work with theatrical appearances . Although largely seen as a B-list star during this period , her appearance in the film The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) received widespread acclaim and is cited as being one of her finest performances . Moving into musical theatre , Lansbury finally gained stardom for playing the leading role in the Broadway musical Mame ( 1966 ) , which earned her a range of awards and established her as a gay icon . Amid difficulties in her personal life , Lansbury moved from California to County Cork , Ireland , in 1970 , and continued with a variety of theatrical and cinematic appearances throughout that decade . These included leading roles in the stage musicals Gypsy , Sweeney Todd , and The King and I , as well as in the hit Disney film Bedknobs and Broomsticks ( 1971 ) . Moving into television , she achieved worldwide fame as fictional writer and sleuth Jessica Fletcher in the American whodunit series Murder , She Wrote , which ran for twelve seasons from 1984 until 1996 , becoming one of the longest-running and most popular detective drama series in television history . Through Corymore Productions , a company that she co-owned with her husband Peter Shaw , Lansbury assumed ownership of the series and was its executive producer for the final four seasons . She also moved into voice work , thereby contributing to animated films such as Disney 's Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) . Since then , she has toured in a variety of international theatrical productions and continued to make occasional film appearances . In 2014 , Lansbury was made a Dame by Queen Elizabeth II in a ceremony at Windsor Castle for `` services to drama , charitable work , and philanthropy . '' Lansbury has received an Honorary Oscar and has won five Tony Awards , six Golden Globes , an Olivier Award , and one Grammy Award . She has also been nominated for numerous other industry awards , including the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress on three occasions , and various Primetime Emmy Awards on eighteen occasions . She has been the subject of three biographies .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "dd82936b623100806fbf43a859c83454",
"text": "Capitol Films Capitol Films was a British film production and distribution company , founded in 1989 . In January 2006 it was sold to American Mobius Pictures , owned by entrepreneur and film producer David Bergstein , and placed it at the hub of his Pegasus Studios . In early 2010 , David Bergstein 's appointment as director for the British company was terminated and the company was placed in receivership . In October 2010 the US branch of the company was forced into bankruptcy , and in January 2012 a group of creditors filed a proposal with a federal bankruptcy court in Los Angeles to take over and liquidate five companies formerly controlled by David Bergstein , among them Capitol Films . Capitol Films was involved in the production of some fifty films , among them A Good Man in Africa ( 1994 ) , Death and the Maiden ( 1994 ) , Wilde ( 1997 ) , Dancing at Lughnasa ( 1998 ) , Gosford Park ( 2001 ) , Elvis Has Left the Building ( 2004 ) , and Lucky Number Slevin ( 2006 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7b82b4745a6d4f7955e03edd71eee5b",
"text": "Gateway Theatre (Chester) right | thumb | Gateway Theatre | alt = Gateway Theatre The Gateway Theatre was a small producing and receiving theatre in the city of Chester , England . The theatre has welcomed many famous performers , including Matthew Kelly , Les Dennis and Dennis Waterman . The venue closed after its Christmas production at the end of 2007 to be replaced with a larger Performing Arts Centre , as part of a redevelopment of Chester city centre named The Northgate Development . The last touring show to visit was Yippeee !!! by Lea Anderson MBE 's contemporary dance company The Cholmondeleys and Featherstonehaughs . Later in 2007 the Gateway Theatre was partially reopened as The Forum Studio Theatre , run by an amateur company , Tip Top Productions . The company presents a number of in house and touring professional productions each season together with visiting music acts and other events . Tip Top Productions marks it 's 10th Anniversary at The Forum Studio Theatre in 2017 . The opening of the planned performing arts centre as part of the Northgate Development became uncertain in 2008 , when it was announced the project would be put on hold until 2012 , due to the ongoing economic downturn . The newly named Storyhouse , housing the City 's new theatre , art house cinema and Library is now set to open on 11 May 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c567e357c14ca08cf169bd614cc0c4d",
"text": "Angela Bruce Angela Bruce ( born 1951 ) is an English actress , noted for her television work . Bruce was born in Leeds , West Riding of Yorkshire to a West Indian father and white mother , but was put up for adoption aged three and brought up in Craghead , County Durham . She made her screen debut in the 1973 film Man at the Top and has played regular or recurring roles in a number of TV series - Angels ( as Sandra Ling ) , Coronation Street ( as Janice Stubbs ) and Press Gang ( as reporter Chrissie Stuart ) . She also appeared in the `` Charlie Boy '' episode of Hammer House of Horror in 1980 . She is also recognisable to sci-fi fans for her performance as Brigadier Winifred Bambera in the 1989 Doctor Who serial , Battlefield , as well as her portrayal of Dayna Mellanby in the Blake 's 7 audio drama The Syndeton Experiment . On the London stage , she replaced Patricia Quinn making her the second actress to play Magenta in the original stage production of The Rocky Horror Show . Other notable credits include : Red Dwarf ( as `` Debb Lister ; '' a female counterpart of Dave Lister 's in a parallel universe ) , Prime Suspect and Only Fools and Horses where she played Councillor Murray . She also appeared as lesbian Prison Officer Mandy Goodhue in the popular ITV1 prison drama series , Bad Girls , the second time she appeared in a British women 's prison drama series ; having played tough inmate Bobbie in an episode of Within These Walls in an episode from series 2 called `` The Good Life '' . Another notable role was ( fictional ) British Foreign Secretary Ruth Chambers in the BAFTA award-winning BBC One series , Spooks . In addition she had a part in one episode of `` Waiting For God '' . In 2002 she played Gina in the film Mrs Caldicot 's Cabbage War . In 2008 , she guest starred in the Sapphire and Steel audio dramas Second Sight and Zero . In 2017 Angela guest starred in Death in Paradise as Ernestine Gray",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d37de807d9b2059ff95869145b407f9c",
"text": "Theatre Tulsa Theatre Tulsa , Inc. is a community theatre company in Tulsa , Oklahoma , USA . Theatre Tulsa , the longest running community theatre west of the Mississippi and seventh in the nation , has had a prosperous but sometimes difficult history . The theatre has survived multiple wars , fires , and economic depressions . Theatre Tulsa started as a small community theatre that played shows in a tent , and grew to the largest community theatre in the nation in the 1970s , followed by years of decline and a recent re-invigoration that includes the new creation of a Broadway Series main stage season , a Next Stage series season composed of new works , and a Family Series season for children , families , and arts education programming . Tulsa Little Theatre was incorporated December . 10 , 1922 by Mrs. Bonnie Reed and Mrs. Hope Holway . Despite the Great Depression , the group managed to raise money to build a theater which was christened with a performance of The Cradle Song in February 1932 . Two years later , the group incorporated as Tulsa Little Theatre . Struggling through the next few years , the theater survived a threatened bank foreclosure in 1935 after a number of donors stepped in , and in 1940 the theater paid off its mortgage . During World War II , it produced shows for military camps and veterans ' hospitals . Tulsa Little Little Theatre prospered , and by 1959 was the largest non-professional theater company in the country . In 1964 , its membership was 8,000 strong . By 1972 it had the largest community theater membership in the nation and had counted 1.5 million members over the past 50 years . In 1974 Tulsa Little Theatre changed its name to Theatre Tulsa , Inc. . Theatre Tulsa remains active today producing 10 productions a year that include modern and classic dramas , comedies , and musicals . Theatre Tulsa has had many firsts ; it was the first community theater in the country to premiere Our Town ( 1939 ) and All My Sons ( 1947 ) ; the musical Brownstone ( 1985 ) ; `` Miracle on 34th Street : A Musical Adaptation '' ( a 1993 original musical written for Theatre Tulsa ) ; `` I Love You , You 're Perfect , Now Change '' ( 2003 ) ; and the first American production of Pitmen Painters ( 2011 ) . Theatre Tulsa 's production of Forever Plaid sold out more than 400 shows in 1995 and 1996 . Some noted performers , including Jeanne Tripplehorn , Kristin Chenoweth and Sam Harris , received their first stage experience with Theatre Tulsa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0bac87e70351e62d58d23266bb0dde87",
"text": "Laverne & Shirley Laverne & Shirley is an American sitcom that ran on ABC from January 27 , 1976 , to May 10 , 1983 . It starred Penny Marshall as Laverne DeFazio and Cindy Williams as Shirley Feeney , single roommates who work as bottlecappers in a fictitious Milwaukee brewery called Shotz Brewery . Among others , the series was known for Marshall and Williams ' physical comedy . The show was a spin-off from Happy Days , as the two lead characters were originally introduced on that series as acquaintances of Fonzie ( Henry Winkler ) . Set in roughly the same time period , the timeline started in approximately 1958 , when the series began , through 1967 , when the series ended . As with Happy Days , it was made by Paramount Television , created by Garry Marshall ( along with Lowell Ganz and Mark Rothman ) and executive produced by Garry Marshall , Edward K. Milkis , and Thomas L. Miller .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88a8acdf0629157c61c273a5c7fe45c2",
"text": "Noël Coward Society The Noël Coward Society is an international society founded with the agreement of Coward 's literary agent and Estate to celebrate the life and work of Sir Noël Coward . The Noël Coward Society was founded in 1999 to study and promote and enjoy the many aspects of Cowards achievements . It owns an extensive archive of recordings and written works and is attempting to become the official on-line archive of all things `` Coward '' . The Noël Coward Society is managed by Noël Coward Ltd. , a charitable company . It is currently administered from Norwich , Norfolk , UK , and has a membership of just over 700 people worldwide . The day-to-day running of the Society is managed by an organising committee . The Society has representatives in France , Australia and the USA . Each year it celebrates the birth of Noël Coward at the Noël Coward Theatre and the Theatre Royal , Drury Lane on the nearest Friday to his birthdate . The celebration consists of the AGM of the Society at the Noël Coward Theatre followed by a celebrity from the theatre world laying flowers on the statue of Sir Noël Coward in the foyer of the Theatre Royal . The Annual Lunch follows in the Grand Saloon at the theatre , followed by a cabaret . In 2002 , Ken Starrett was appointed the North American Director of The Noel Coward Society and in 2003 , Starrett organized an annual birthday celebration which took place in December in the USA . The event included the flower laying ceremony at The Gershwin Theatre in Manhattan and a special lunch . Among the celebrities who have placed flowers in front of Coward 's statue are Tammy Grimes , Keir Dullea , Tony Walton , Kitty Carlisle Hart , Hayley Mills , Marian Seldes , Jim Dale , Victor Garber , Christine Ebersole , Dick Cavett . Stephen Fry , Joan Copeland , Jamie Ross , Penny Fuller , and Dana Ivey . There is also a similar ceremony at Firefly Estate ( Coward 's home ) in Jamaica . On December 31 , 2016 , Ken Starrett officially stepped down after serving as North American Director of The Noel Coward Society for fourteen years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514",
"text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fda73ca777bad592d2c732ea1a60eb0a",
"text": "Lightning Entertainment Lightning Entertainment is an American film distributor , sales agent , and production company based in Santa Monica , California . It was founded in 2002 by Richard Guardian , Rich Goldberg , and Marc Greenberg , focusing on sales and distribution of independent films . It began offering film production services in 2012 , which it stated were designed to help domestic films better target international markets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75d6ca859a4e72e24737a9f85dbbac87",
"text": "Angela Goethals Angela Bethany Goethals ( born May 20 , 1977 ) is an American film , television and stage actress . Goethals made her acting debut in the Broadway production of Coastal Disturbances in 1987 , and later became known for her role in Home Alone ( 1990 ) playing the sister of Macaulay Culkin 's character in the film . Throughout the 1990s , Goethals went on to star in several independent films and television shows , including a leading role on the sitcom Phenom ( 1993 ) , as well as a small role in Jerry Maguire ( 1996 ) . In 1999 , Goethals graduated from Vassar college with a B.A. in French before returning to acting . In 2005 , she landed a recurring guest appearance on 24 , and also gained recognition and critical acclaim for her starring role in the black comedy horror mockumentary , Behind the Mask : The Rise of Leslie Vernon ( 2006 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d91b6fd1f7d16d3a9e3af53f430258e",
"text": "Stephanie Bennett (producer) Stephanie Bennett ( born Margaret Stephanie Bennett ) is an English film producer known for her works Hail ! Hail ! Rock 'n' Roll and Endless Harmony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "246d6650165524edfd0b799dfd4312af",
"text": "York Theatre York Theatre is an Off-Broadway theatre company base in East Midtown Manhattan , New York City . In its 48th year , York Theatre is dedicated to the production of new musicals and concert productions of forgotten musicals from the past . Each season consists of three or four mainstage productions , six or more concert presentations and dozens of developmental readings . It has had several transfers of its work to larger off-Broadway theatres and to Broadway . The company was awarded a special Drama Desk Award in 1996 to its artistic director Janet Hayes Walker and in 2006 for its `` vital contributions to theater by developing and presenting new musicals '' . Since 1993 the company has performed in an intimate theatre that is part of St. Peter 's Church , in the Citigroup Center Complex at 619 Lexington Avenue at the corner of East 54th Street . The Oscar Hammerstein Award is named in honor of the legendary lyricist and librettist who helped shape American musical theatre through his collaborations with a number of different composers and writers . The award was created in 1988 by Janet Hayes Walker , the Founding Artistic Director of The York Theatre Company , and is presented with the endorsement of the Rodgers & Hammerstein Organization and the Hammerstein family . The Oscar Hammerstein Award Gala is the major annual fundraising event of The York , a mainstay of the Off-Broadway scene for more than 45 years . Past recipients include Stephen Sondheim , Betty Comden & Adolph Green , Harold Prince , Cy Coleman , Charles Strouse , Arthur Laurents , Jerry Herman , Stephen Schwartz , Peter Stone , David Merrick , John Kander & Fred Ebb , Terrence McNally , Sir Cameron Mackintosh , Carol Channing , Tony Walton , Joseph Stein , Thomas Meehan , Jerry Bock and Sheldon Harnick , Barbara Cook , Paul Gemignani , Lynn Ahrens & Stephen Flaherty . In November , 2015 , the 24th Oscar Hammerstein Award was presented to Angela Lansbury in a star-studded tribute evening .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f72c676c359b4c4b26f4d633de297d46",
"text": "Frank Gillmore Frank Parker Gillmore ( May 14 , 1867 , New York City , New York -- March 29 , 1943 , New York City , New York ) was an American playwright and a stage and early film actor . He was a founder and former President of Actor 's Equity . He was born to John Parker Gillmore and his actress wife , Emily ( née Thorne : died March 5 , 1907 ) , sister of the actress Sarah Thorne and actors Thomas and George Thorne . At the time of his birth his parents were touring the United States , returning to Great Britain three weeks after their son 's birth . Frank Gillmore was educated at the Chiswick Collegiate School in London and made his stage debut in London in 1879 , then toured the British provinces for three years before returning to the London stage where he remained for a further five years . During this period he shared lodgings with George Arliss . Gillmore then alternated between appearances in Britain and America for a further five years . Aged 17 he appeared with Lillie Langtry . He married the American actress Laura Margaret MacGillivray whom he met when they both appeared in an American tour of Lady Windermere 's Fan . With her he had two daughters , the actors Ruth Gillmore and Margalo Gillmore . Frank Gillmore appeared as a leading man with the companies of Minnie Fiske , Henrietta Crosman , Mary Mannering , Bertha Kalich and George Fawcett , among others . Gillmore 's stage appearances included a single matinee performance of The Merchant of Venice on October 17 , 1895 at the Gaiety Theatre in London , when he played Bassanio , The Ghost of Jerry Bundler at the Haymarket Theatre in London in September 1902 , and A Japanese Nightingale which opened at Daly 's Theater in New York in November 1903 . Gillmore returned to America semi-permanently sometime in the late 1890s , and took his family with him . He and his family were long time summer residents of the Actor 's Colony at Siasconset , and he was a former president of the Siasconset Casino . Gillmore became a founder of the Actors ' Equity Association in 1913 after the Actors Society of America disbanded in 1912 . He made two silent films , The Fairy and the Waif ( 1915 ) and The Lifted Veil ( 1917 ) . From 1918 to 1929 he was the union 's Executive Secretary and eventual President , a position he held from 1929 to 1937 . He was also the international President of the Associated Actors and Artistes of America from 1938 to 1943 and a Freemason . As President of Actor 's Equity Gillmore received The American Arbitration Association 's annual gold Commercial Peace Medal in May 1931 `` for distinguished service in the establishment of commercial peace through arbitration '' Frank Gillmore died of cancer in New York City on March 29 , 1943 , aged 75 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64b5fbf902c12c49db526c09007d9da6",
"text": "Iambic Productions Iambic Productions Limited is an independent television production company specializing in the fields of music , arts and drama founded by producer Chris Hunt in 1988 . The company was a part of production and distribution Group DCD Media since its acquisition by the Group in 2000 until 2008 , when Chris Hunt took Iambic back into private ownership",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bc66dd157864e1592094b1e60592e92",
"text": "Girl Rising (film) Girl Rising is a movie produced by Kayce Freed , Tom Yellin and Holly Gordon at The Documentary Group in partnership with Paul G. Allen and Jody Allen of Vulcan Productions . It was directed by Academy Award nominee Richard E. Robbins and features narration by Anne Hathaway , Cate Blanchett , Selena Gomez , Liam Neeson , Priyanka Chopra , Chloë Grace Moretz , Freida Pinto , Salma Hayek , Meryl Streep , Alicia Keys and Kerry Washington . The movie tells the stories of nine girls from nine countries : ( Sierra Leone , Haiti , Ethiopia , Afghanistan , Peru , Egypt , Nepal , India and Cambodia ) . Each girl had her story written by a writer from her country and voiced by renowned actors . Their stories reflect their struggles to overcome societal or cultural barriers . The writers are Loung Ung ( Cambodia ) , Edwidge Danticat ( Haiti ) , Manjushree Thapa ( Nepal ) , Mona Eltahawy ( Egypt ) , Maaza Mengiste ( Ethiopia ) , Sooni Taraporevala ( India ) , Maria Arana ( Peru ) , Aminatta Forna ( Sierra Leone ) , Zarghuna Kargar ( Afghanistan ) . The girls ' names are Sokha ( Cambodia ) , Wadley ( Haiti ) , Suma ( Nepal ) , Yasmin ( Egypt ) , Azmera ( Ethiopia ) , Ruksana ( India ) , Senna ( Peru ) , Mariama ( Sierra Leone ) and Amina ( Afghanistan ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7512ebb030fc56583a0f553f03dd4c4",
"text": "Enchanted (film) Enchanted is a 2007 American live-action/animated musical fantasy romantic comedy film , produced by Walt Disney Pictures with New York Academy Barry Sonnenfeld and Josephson Entertainment . Written by Bill Kelly and directed by Kevin Lima , the film stars Amy Adams , Patrick Dempsey , James Marsden , Timothy Spall , Idina Menzel , Rachel Covey , and Susan Sarandon . The plot focuses on Giselle , an archetypal Disney Princess , who is forced from her traditional animated world of Andalasia into the live-action world of New York City . Enchanted was the first Disney film to be distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , instead of Buena Vista Pictures Distribution . The film is both a homage to , and a self-parody of , Disney 's animated features , making numerous references to Disney 's past works through the combination of live-action filmmaking , traditional animation , and computer-generated imagery . It marks the return of traditional animation to a Disney feature film after the company 's decision to move entirely to computer animation in 2004 . Composer Alan Menken and lyricist Stephen Schwartz , who had written songs for previous Disney films , produced the songs of Enchanted , with Menken also composing its score . The animation sequences were produced at James Baxter Animation in Pasadena . Filming of the live action segments took place around New York City . It premiered on October 20 , 2007 , at the London Film Festival before its wide release on November 21 , 2007 , in the United States . Enchanted was well-received critically , established Adams as a leading lady , and earned more than $ 340 million worldwide at the box office . It won three Saturn Awards , including Best Fantasy Film and Best Actress for Adams . Enchanted also received two nominations at the 65th Golden Globe Awards and three Best Original Song nominations at the 80th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6bdeb519044cb365a4f4d39148ec1a3e",
"text": "Lansbury Park Lansbury Park is a residential suburb area of the town of Caerphilly in Wales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d068e571e634e18a02a543017f57f84",
"text": "Wash West Wash Westmoreland , also called Wash West , ( born 4 March 1966 ) is an independent film director who has worked in television , documentaries , and independent films . His 2006 release , Quinceañera , had a double Sundance win ( Audience Award and Grand Jury Prize ) , and it also picked up the Humanitas Prize and the John Cassavetes Spirit Award . In 2008 , Westmoreland produced an MTV film Pedro about AIDS activist Pedro Zamora that was introduced on MTV by U.S. President Bill Clinton . Working with his partner Richard Glatzer , he directed The Last of Robin Hood in 2012 starring Kevin Kline , Susan Sarandon , and Dakota Fanning that was released in August 2014 by Goldwyn . The duo 's next film Still Alice , based on Lisa Genova 's NYT bestselling book , starred Julianne Moore , Kristen Stewart , and Alec Baldwin . It premiered at Toronto International Film Festival in 2014 and was immediately picked up for distribution by Sony Picture Classics . It went on to win many awards , especially for leading actress Julianne Moore , who won the SAG Award , the Independent Spirit Award , the BAFTA and the Academy Award for Best Actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "748b665a923503ee43f7cb1c41060c9e",
"text": "Angela Webber Angela Webber ( 2 December 1954 -- 10 March 2007 ) was an Australian author , TV writer , producer and comedian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebe681c8944a85cb3ce84001d1e24d3c",
"text": "Angela Malik Angela Malik , ( born 3 December 1971 in Delhi , India , raised in Edinburgh , UK ) is a chef and entrepreneur . In 2006 , she founded The Angela Malik . Angela was a finalist of the search for a British female chef which was run by the T.V show ` The F-Word ' on Channel 4 . Angela has also won the Daily Mail 's ` Best exotic cookery course ' for 2007/8 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3f9e0a233f66d12c1b2c93f131422fcb | Mark Hamill is a performer. | [
{
"docid": "2e98317df84cf206c8ed24ed7296c127",
"text": "Mark Hamill Mark Richard Hamill ( born September 25 , 1951 ) is an American actor , voice actor , producer and writer . He is best known for playing Luke Skywalker in the Star Wars film series . His other works include Corvette Summer ( 1978 ) and The Big Red One ( 1980 ) , among other television shows and movies . Hamill has also appeared on stage in several theater productions , primarily during the 1980s . Hamill is a prolific voice actor who has voiced characters in many animated television shows , movies , and video games since the 1970s . He is known for his long-standing role as DC Comics ' the Joker , commencing with Batman : The Animated Series in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e50cf19a4cb03cea012316a7959e8b6",
"text": "Corvette Summer Corvette Summer is a 1978 American adventure comedy film released by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer . It marked Mark Hamill 's first screen appearance after the unexpected success of Star Wars the previous year . Hamill stars as a California teenager who heads to Las Vegas to track down his beloved customized Corvette Stingray . Co-star Annie Potts , playing the quirky young woman he meets along the way , was nominated for a Golden Globe award in her first movie role . Corvette Summer was a box office success , making about $ 36 million at the worldwide box office , on a relatively high budget ( for that era ) of $ 9 million . The film however , received a divided response from critics , and was nominated for a Golden Globe .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c4fd2835298e39d9e66d92d5a7f1082b",
"text": "Barry Manilow Live Barry Manilow Live is the fifth album by the singer-songwriter Barry Manilow . The album was released in 1977 , and it scored quadruple platinum . Manilow also was among 1977 Special Tony Award winners Lily Tomlin , Diana Ross , National Theatre For the Deaf and Equity Library Theatre honored with the award that year . He received it for Barry Manilow on Broadway , his 12-day stay at the Uris Theatre from December 21 , 1976 to January 2 , 1977 , where this live album was recorded . The album is known for giving the first commercial release to Manilow 's VSM ( `` Very Strange Medley '' ) . Before the performance Manilow refers to this as a medley of songs that he included in his act against the values of his `` artsy fartsy friends '' . It is a medley of commercial jingles Manilow was involved with , either as a writer or performer , before he became a chart star . The products/companies these promoted include Kentucky Fried Chicken , State Farm , Stridex , Band-Aid , Bowlene , Dr. Pepper , Pepsi and McDonald 's . When first released on compact disc , dialogue and all movements to `` Beautiful Music '' were omitted for it all to fit on one disc , however the 2006 compact disc re-release restores all dialogue and songs , in addition to reordering the track listing to accommodate for the added bonus tracks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cef454ba22f51cdaf980cb0862859940",
"text": "Prop comedy Prop comedy is a comedy genre in which performers use humorous objects , or conventional objects in humorous ways . The stages and films term `` prop '' , an abbreviation of `` property '' , refers to any object an actor handles in the course of a performance . Though some form of prop comedy has likely existed as long as there have been comedians , the genre reached its zenith in the vaudeville era . The vaudeville team Olsen and Johnson used prop comedy extensively in their long running Broadway revue Hellzapoppin . A prop comic is a comedian who uses prop comedy . Prop comics are sometimes looked down upon by other comedians , and the term is sometimes used derisively . However , some , such as Tommy Cooper , rose to critical acclaim as their props revolved around a gimmick ( such as Cooper 's magic ) and the comedian 's character around that gimmick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fbc6a6019538d1327d4a0bff3673357",
"text": "Improvisational theatre Improvisational theatre , often called improv or impro , is the form of theatre , often comedy , in which most or all of what is performed is unplanned or unscripted : created spontaneously by the performers . In its purest form , the dialogue , action , story , and characters are created collaboratively by the players as the improvisation unfolds in present time , without use of an already prepared , written script . Improvisational theatre exists in performance as a range of styles of improvisational comedy as well as some non-comedic theatrical performances . It is sometimes used in film and television , both to develop characters and scripts and occasionally as part of the final product . Improvisational techniques are often used extensively in drama programs to train actors for stage , film , and television and can be an important part of the rehearsal process . However , the skills and processes of improvisation are also used outside of the context of performing arts . It is used in classrooms as an educational tool and in businesses as a way to develop communication skills , creative problem solving , and supportive team-work abilities that are used by improvisational , ensemble players . It is sometimes used in psychotherapy as a tool to gain insight into a person 's thoughts , feelings , and relationships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e13cf38e0fe4a250836a7885ef789c5",
"text": "Hull Truck Theatre The Hull Truck Theatre is a theatre in Kingston upon Hull , England which presents substantial drama productions . It also tours its productions on a regular basis . The theatre was founded in 1971 by actor Mike Bradwell when he could not find work . He placed an ad ' in Time Out magazine saying , `` Half-formed theatre company seeks other half '' . The first production , `` The Children of the Lost Planet '' was a success though , like many new companies , it had meagre audiences . This experience led the company to fall back on performing plays for children . They started to get a good reputation for children 's theatre . However , in 1974 , the play `` Knowledge '' was performed and , although over half the audience had walked out , the critical acclaim of Guardian reviewer Robin Thornber led to the Bush Theatre becoming interested and staging the production . John Godber became artistic director in 1984 although at first he was unaware of how much the Hull Truck Theatre was struggling financially . He had been making a good living as a teacher but the idea of being able to produce some of his own works led him to accept the post . He decided that the best way to improve sales and the success of the company was to write a play relevant to its audiences . He wrote `` Up n ' Under '' a play about the rugby league in Hull which proved to be a success . One of Hull Truck 's most performed and famous plays is John Godber 's `` Bouncers '' . This celebrated its 30th anniversary in 2007 and was the final play to be performed before moving to the new venue . From 1983 the company was based in its venue in Spring Street but a new 440 seat theatre has been built for the company , as part of the St. Stephen 's development . This has cost # 14.5 million and opened on 23 April 2009 . The opening production started its run on 25 April 2009 and was the premier of the John Godber play Funny Turns . Hull Truck was the venue chosen to host the launch of Hull 's Larkin 25 Festival in June 2010 . In July 2010 Andrew Smaje was appointed chief executive to develop its programme and to entice new audiences . In September 2012 the company were nominated for The Renee Stepham Award for Best Presentation of Touring Theatre at TMA Theatre Awards . This was for its touring productions of The Lady in the Van by Alan Bennett , DNA by Dennis Kelly and The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde adapted by Nick Lane . In October 2012 Hull city centre was awarded Purple Flag status for the quality of the city 's nightlife . The Association of Town Centre Management praised Hull Truck Theatre in particular `` for its outstanding contribution '' to entertainment for city centre users . In January 2013 Hull Truck Theatre were nominated for Best Visiting Production at the Manchester Theatre Awards for DNA by Dennis Kelly . In April 2013 Mike Bradwell returned to direct for the company for the first time in over 30 years , directing the world premiere of Queen of the Nile by Tim Fountain . In May 2013 Mark Babych was appointed Artistic Director of the company . In April 2014 , it was reported that the theatre had received # 400,000 in grants from Arts Council England and Hull City Council because of a financial crisis at the venue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e43f19beb0b4de43d09888fd997056a",
"text": "The Performers (play) The Performers is a comedy play written by David West Read and directed by Evan Cabnet . It premiered on Broadway on November 14 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81d38a67e9e91e229785562fd8362810",
"text": "Jon Hamm Jonathan Daniel Hamm ( born March 10 , 1971 ) is an American actor , director , and television producer best known for playing advertising executive Don Draper for the AMC television drama series , Mad Men ( 2007 -- 2015 ) . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in Los Angeles , making appearances in television series Providence , The Division , What About Brian , and Related . During 2000 , he made his feature movie debut in the space adventure movie Space Cowboys . The next year , he had a minor role in the independent comedy , Kissing Jessica Stein ( 2001 ) . He gained wide recognition when Mad Men began broadcast during July 2007 . His performance earned him the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Television Series -- Drama during 2008 and 2016 and the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series during 2015 . He directed two episodes of the show . During 2008 , Hamm appeared in a remake of the science fiction movie The Day The Earth Stood Still . His first leading movie role was in the 2010 independent thriller Stolen . He also had supporting roles in the movies The Town ( 2010 ) , Sucker Punch ( 2011 ) , and Bridesmaids ( 2011 ) . Hamm has received 16 Primetime Emmy Award nominations for his performances in Mad Men , 30 Rock ( 2006 -- 2013 ) , and Unbreakable Kimmy Schmidt ( 2015 -- present ) . His other television credits include featuring in the Sky Arts series A Young Doctor 's Notebook and guest roles in Parks and Recreation and Wet Hot American Summer : First Day of Camp . He provided his voice to the animated movie Shrek Forever After during 2010 , and during 2015 , he featured in the animated movie Minions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa8684e628e7e3fe50fdb40a1d6b8c27",
"text": "Comic Book: The Movie Comic Book : The Movie is a 2004 direct-to-DVD mockumentary starring and directed by Mark Hamill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c27ef1de814184f91e17e180389cf75",
"text": "Backstage pass A backstage pass is an employee pass which allows its bearer access to employees-only areas at a performance venue . They are most commonly associated with rock music groups . Such passes are usually a laminated paper worn on a lanyard , or on chain link or key chain holder at the belt , or a simpler `` stick-on '' applied to one 's clothing . Plastic or paper wristbands may also be used . However , some elaborately designed backstage passes have been used by Bill Graham Productions/Winterland , Beaver Productions and many other regional and local promoters . To deter counterfeiting , passes often include holograms or color-shifting properties . At any one concert or event there are about 200 to 400 backstage passes available . Again , mainly these are for the performers , stage crews , roadies , security guards , performer 's agents . Sometimes relatives or close friends of performers , stage crew , promoters , etc. . will get backstage passes to concerts . Some venues ( including the House of Blues venues and Irving Plaza in New York ) require their own passes to be worn , even by laminate holders for the tour . Large music festivals , such as Ozzfest and the Bonnaroo Music and Arts Festival also usually issue their own passes . Backstage passes sometimes become memorabilia sold to die-hard fans , especially when the pass is signed by a performer . In media , the term `` Backstage Pass '' may be used to signify the presence of expanded coverage of certain musical groups .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2481190384489e007272b730dd1b3454",
"text": "Mark Landon Smith Mark Landon Smith ( born January 29 , 1964 ) is an American playwright and actor . Known as a comedy writer , with ten scripts published by Baker 's Plays/Samuel French , and Steele Spring Publishing , Drama Source and Contemporary Drama Service and includes three foreign translations , an Off-Broadway production , a film adaptation and numerous productions throughout the world annually . As actor he has appeared on stage , film and television . Film credits include Gordon Family Tree , Valley Inn , Mayfly , Neapolitan , Frog 's Hair , Greater and Crossfire . He served a producer for the films Dupont , Mississippi and The Man in the Trunk . He is the executive director of ARTS LIVE THEATRE , Co-Founder/Co-Producer of Ceramic Cow Productions and Co-Director , emcee and actor with Phunbags Comedy Improv . He is also the Founder and Co-Director of the Actor 's Casting Agency . Smith has appeared in regional theatres receiving nominations and wins for Best Actor , Best Supporting Actor , Best Featured Actor , Best Set Design and Best Choreography . His script Christmas Carol High School '' is a 2012 AATE Distinguished Play Award nominee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b01fd6b18cf9c9ebe10a604a052eb437",
"text": "Live Action Set Live Action Set is a physical theater performance company based in Minneapolis , Minnesota . Its artistic mission is to create visually poetic , wildly imaginative , and accessible performance experiences that harness the indefinable power of the human spirit . It does so primarily by focusing on ensemble-created new work and draws from the worlds of dance , drama , music , mime , clowning and visual theater . The company is committed to creating original , ensemble-driven performances that dissolve boundaries between artistic disciplines . Founded in 2003 , Live Action Set has earned great critical praise and become one of the most influential experimental theatre companies in the Twin Cities . The company 's productions have been widely hailed as `` courageous '' , `` beautiful '' and `` daring . '' Their first standout production , Please Do n't Blow Up Mr. Boban , was the top-selling show at the 2005 Minnesota Fringe Festival . In 2011 , their original production about myths re-envisioned in the Old West , The 7-Shot Symphony , received an Ivey Award for Overall Excellence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ff97ef777f8ef906e8d68a0dacce7b3",
"text": "Mark Fauser Mark Fauser is an American actor , director , screenwriter , and producer who currently operates the independent film movie studio , Overlook Productions . He has written several teleplays , plays , and movies , and has done major studio rewrites for companies such as Universal Studios , Paramount Pictures , Columbia Pictures and CBS Television . In 2002 his movie It 's All About You ( starring John D'Aquino ) was the `` Winner for Best Comedy '' at the 2001 Beverly Hills Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d05bfc35c39ba2b4bcf3b93aa293cb8",
"text": "Mad Cow Theatre Mad Cow Theatre began in late 1997 as a simple two-show project among a group of actors/directors in a former blueprint studio in Maitland , Florida . After an initial four-year period of renting space from such mainstay Central Florida organizations as Rollins College , Orlando-UCF Shakespeare Festival , Civic Theatre of Central Florida , and the Orlando International Fringe Theater Festival , Mad Cow is now celebrating its 20th Season in Downtown Orlando . Mad Cow has built collaborative relationships with other downtown businesses and has received two Golden Brick Awards for outstanding contribution to downtown life . Mad Cow Theatre has also been named `` Best Theatre '' by Orlando Magazine for several years in a row .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1b9bab8264ca3a3926782d4d27b9c0d",
"text": "Hamd A hamd , `` Praise '' in English , is a word that is usually written in Arabic , Persian , Punjabi , or Urdu and means a poetic piece in praise of God . The word `` Hamd '' comes from the Qur ` an . Hamds are recited all over the Muslim world , from Indonesia to Morocco . A Qawwali performance usually includes at least one Hamd , which is traditionally the first song in the performance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7612a507aec84e59b00517814da139b4",
"text": "This Age of Silence This Age of Silence is the debut album of heavy metal band , Anterior . It was released by Metal Blade Records and the production was done by Tim Hamill and the band itself . __ NOTOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b17552feb51e21ea8a06d8c1de55a2e0",
"text": "Duet Acting Duet Acting ( often shortened to `` Duet '' or abbreviated as `` DA '' in tournament schedules and results ) is an event in competitive high school forensics . Similar to Duo Interpretation , Duet Acting varies in two major respects : first , Duet is not an official National Forensic League event although some state organizations , such as the Texas Forensic Association , the Louisiana High School Speech League , and ( formerly ) the Ohio High School Speech League practice the event . Secondly , unlike Duo , in which the actors are not permitted to make eye contact with each other or touch each other , Duet incorporates an element of acting . Cuttings must be made from scripts . Duet Acting involves two people , two chairs , and ( in some jurisdictions ) a table ; the furniture is supplied in each room of competition . Time limits vary , but generally each acting pair performs an eight - to twelve-minute scene , typically using only two characters . Occasionally the performers change roles , but can only play one character per scene in the manner of dramatic or humorous interpretation . The pieces may be either serious or funny , and the extensive use of movement is permitted ( i.e. , interaction between both characters , as well as with the table and chairs ) . Duet Acting has been removed from the Ohio High School Speech League . Category : Debating",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd5d7a7f213714eb0dce168dc5ceef4f",
"text": "The Comedians (1971 TV series) The Comedians is a British television show of the 1970s ( later reprised in the mid-1980s and early 1990s ) produced by Johnnie Hamp of Granada Television . The show gave a stage to nightclub and working men 's club comedians of the era , including Russ Abbot , Lennie Bennett , Stan Boardman , Jim Bowen , Jimmy Bright , Duggie Brown , Mike Burton , Dave Butler , Brian Carroll , Frank Carson , Mike Coyne , Jimmy Cricket , Colin Crompton , Pauline Daniels , Charlie Daze , Vince Earl , Steve Faye , Eddie Flanagan , Stu Francis , Ken Goodwin , Jackie Hamilton , Jerry Harris , George King , Bobby Knutt , Bernard Manning , Mike McCabe , Paul Melba , Mick Miller , Hal Nolan , Tom O'Connor , Tom Pepper , Bryn Phillips , Mike Reid , George Roper , Harry Scott , Sammy Thomas , Johnny Wager , Roy Walker , Charlie Williams , Lee Wilson and Lenny Windsor . Also featured on the TV show , were Shep 's Banjo Boys , a 7-piece band comprising ( for the first 5 series ) Charlie Bentley ( tenor banjo ) , John Drury ( sousaphone ) , Andy Holdorf ( trombone ) , John Orchard ( piano ) , John Rollings ( drums ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . In 1973 , the line up was Mike Dexter ( banjo ) , Tony `` Tosh '' Kennedy ( sousaphone ) , Ged Martin ( drums ) , Tony Pritchard ( trombone ) , Graham Shepherd ( banjo ) and Howard `` Shep '' Shepherd ( lead banjo ) . The Comedians began as an experiment for Granada TV . Filmed before a live audience in Manchester , comics each performed 20-minute sets , which were then edited together into half-hour shows . Each edition featured up to ten stand-up comics . Working men 's clubs are numerous in Britain , especially in North East England and have been a useful training ground for artists , especially comedians . Most of these clubs are affiliated to the CIU ( Working Men 's Club and Institute Union ) founded in 1862 by the Rev. Henry Solly . There are also political clubs , as well as Servicemen 's Clubs affiliated to the Royal British Legion . It was remarkably popular during the earlier series . An LP recording of the show reached the best-seller charts , several sell-out national tours followed , including a season at the London Palladium , and the programme won the Critics ' circle Award . The comedy frequently took the form of anecdotes or jokes and often involved racist or sexist stereotypes . Like other British comedy successes of the day , notably , Love Thy Neighbour , this kind of entertainment was acceptable on British television during this period but would not be so today . Viewing the series in retrospect it stands as a major social document of the times . In recent years , the series has been repeated on the ( now defunct ) British satellite television channel Plus , and can now be bought on DVD , having been released by Network .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1434ecc6cbbd90209400e67d66e3ba1d",
"text": "Craig Hammack Craig Hammack is an American special effects supervisor known for his works in Disney 's visual effects company Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) . Hammack has worked as a technical director , digital effects artist and VFX supervisor in films , Titanic ( 1997 ) , Pearl Harbor ( 2001 ) , Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith ( 2005 ) , Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull ( 2008 ) , Star Trek ( 2009 ) , Red Tails ( 2012 ) , Tomorrowland ( 2015 ) , Deepwater Horizon ( 2016 ) , and Black Panther ( 2017 ) . For Deepwater Horizon he received critical acclaimed and an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects nomination at 89th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63e4f644c342c0e7b5110dad6e9ee3be",
"text": "Hens' Teeth Hens ' Teeth Women 's Comedy Company first performed at Circa Theatre in Wellington pre-Xmas 1988 . It broke box-office records at the theatre , and a second season at Taki Rua Theatre early in 1989 had similar success . The company went on to create several productions a year , for 13 years . Though based in Wellington , New Zealand , the company toured throughout New Zealand , and in 1992 performed at the Adelaide Fringe Festival in Australia . Hens ' Teeth was created by Kate JasonSmith , who remained as the Producer throughout its existence . The format was of a comic line-up which changed nightly , with some regulars and some `` tryouts '' . It was held together by a compere or M.C. - the most famous being `` Mother Chook '' Leone Hatherly . The core cast of women included : Dame Kate Harcourt , Lorae Parry , Pinky Agnew , Helen Moulder , Carmel McGlone , Sue Dunlop , Sally Rodwell , Madeline McNamara , Rose Beauchamp , Prue Langbein , Bub Bridger , April Phillips , and Darien Takle . Over 100 women performed with Hens ' Teeth between 1987 and 2001 , including Ginette McDonald , Rima te Wiata , Emily Perkins , Cathy Sheat , Michelle Scullion , Ann Pacey , Riwia Brown , Ann Jones , Alison Wall , Pam Corkery , Perry Piercy , Nancy Fulford , Stephanie Creed , Vicki Walker , Donna Akersten , Jane Waddell , and Phylli JasonSmith . The success of Hens ' Teeth was attributed to the comedy being about things that are part of the fabric of most women 's lives : sex , politics , aging , cooking , ambition , breastfeeding , men , opera , housework , dieting , childcare , self-defense , love , money , contraception , creativity , etc. , etc. . The only major rule for the content of Hens ' Teeth was that they did n't laugh at the expense of men , or of any other minorities . After 16 years of hibernation , Hens ' Teeth has agreed to a new season at < Circa Theatre , Wellington , New Zealand , as part of the WTF ! ( Women 's Theatre Festival ) March 14th - 25th 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c865b086a3607815cdb07fde783c4e06",
"text": "Young Artist Award The Young Artist Award ( originally known as the Youth in Film Award ) is an accolade bestowed by the Young Artist Association , a non-profit organization founded in 1978 to honor excellence of youth performers , and to provide scholarships for young artists who may be physically and/or financially challenged . First presented in 1979 , the Young Artist Awards was the first organization established to specifically recognize and award the contributions of performers under the age of 21 in the fields of film , television , theater and music . The 1st Youth In Film Awards ceremony was held in October 1979 , at the Sheraton Universal Hotel in Hollywood to honor outstanding young performers of the 1978/1979 season . The 38th Annual Young Artist Awards ceremony , honoring young performers of 2016 , was held at the Alex Theatre in Los Angeles , California on March 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dab7d6d519a1c92a1b3ec3a9ced196f7",
"text": "Mark Followill Mark Followill , former host of `` The Ender '' on KTCK The Ticket , Dallas ' most popular sports radio station , is an American sports announcer . He is the primary television play-by-play voice for the Dallas Mavericks and FC Dallas . He had previously been the radio play-by-play voice for the Mavericks on 103.3 ESPN Radio . In 2012 , he began calling FC Dallas games except when they conflicted with his responsibilities with the Mavericks . His work with FC Dallas gained the attention of Fox Sports , who named him as one of their announcers for Copa America Centenario . Later that summer , he was named as one of the announcers for NBC 's coverage of soccer at the 2016 Summer Olympics . He also announces play-by-play action for college football telecasts on FSN . Earlier in his career , he was the play-by-play announcer for the SMU football team . Twice in his career he has won the Texas Associated Press Award for the best play-by-play broadcast in 2004 and 2005 . He won the Katie Award for Best Play-by-Play Sportscast in 2002 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3d8b104a9a38ccbe25549d156c565d97 | Passengers is a film. | [
{
"docid": "11a1ef7fe9e646d1f8f4f8163b72f010",
"text": "Passengers (2016 film) Passengers is a 2016 American science fiction film directed by Morten Tyldum and written by Jon Spaihts . It stars Jennifer Lawrence , Chris Pratt , Michael Sheen , and Laurence Fishburne . The story depicts three people who are awakened some 90 years too soon from an induced hibernation on a spaceship bound for a new planet . The film was released in the United States on December 21 , 2016 , in 2D and RealD 3D by Columbia Pictures . It grossed $ 303 million worldwide . The film was nominated for Best Original Score and Best Production Design at the 89th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f29c0bdb97f7026f41c3096802c4fe07",
"text": "Wicked Man's Rest Wicked Man 's Rest is the debut and sole studio album of the British band Passenger ( stylized as / Passenger . ) fronting Mike Rosenberg . The single `` Walk You Home '' taken from the album charted in Britain reaching number 134 in the UK Singles Chart . Since the release of the album / Passenger has split up with lead singer Mike Rosenberg continuing with a solo career also under the name Passenger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06584999039c371d8dbc403dbbdb7a96",
"text": "Flight 175: As the World Watched Flight 175 : As the World Watched is an American television documentary film that premiered in August 2006 on TLC . It covers the final moments of the passengers and crew on board United Airlines Flight 175 , which was the second commercial airliner to strike the World Trade Center , impacted with the South Tower , and was the most visually documented ( both photographed and filmed ) flight during the September 11 attacks . The documentary features interviews with a variety of people , including : relatives of the passengers and crew members , some of whom received final phone calls from their loved ones , air traffic controllers who responded to the doomed flight , and the two F-15 fighter pilots scrambled from Otis Air National Guard Base who flew in the airspace over Lower Manhattan during the event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3300ebca8b63ad144b9d6f39ceada906",
"text": "The Commuters (film) The Commuters is an extant 1915 silent film comedy directed by George Fitzmaurice and starring Irene Fenwick in film debut . It is based on a 1910 Broadway play , The Commuters , by James Forbes . A copy of the film is saved in the Library of Congress collection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7867d2f3e8af766629264e8b4ab03e40",
"text": "Space Tourists Space Tourists is a feature-length documentary of the Swiss director Christian Frei . The film had its premiere at the Zurich Film Festival in 2009 and has won the `` World Cinema Directing Award '' at the Sundance Film Festival in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09f014980b4b9c0d34b25f2bbeb3d9fe",
"text": "Night service (public transport) A night service or an owl service is a public transport service which operates through overnight hours , while most people are asleep . Many cities operate such services , mainly using buses but in certain cases using trams ( or streetcars ) , either in addition to or in substitution for ordinary daytime services or rapid transit rail services which may shut for maintenance or due to lack of passenger volumes at night . Night-based services may be differently branded compared to daytime services , such as in London , where overnight buses are prefixed with an `` N '' for `` night '' . Another common way of distinguishing them from their daytime counterparts are dark-colored line numbers . Some cities apply a different fare structure from their daytime services . There are also services that allow users to alight at a requested place of stopping rather than at specific locations , in deference to passenger concerns about safely walking long distances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97741419009cc2af9dc81e4006858601",
"text": "Transit pass A transit pass ( North American English ) or travel card ( British English ) , often referred to as a bus pass or train pass etc. ( in all kinds of English ) , is a ticket that allows a passenger of the service to take either a certain number of pre-purchased trips or unlimited trips within a fixed period of time . Depending on the transport network and on how much the pass is used , the pass may offer varying discounts compared with trips that are purchased individually . While transit passes can generally be purchased at full price by anyone wishing to use the services ( senior citizens , the disabled , students and some others are often able to get them at a reduced price ) many employers , colleges , and universities will subsidize the cost of them , or sometimes the full amount . Some public transport networks will allow certain types of personnel , including police officers , fire fighters , active military , and their own employees to ride their services free with proper identification and without the need to purchase a pass .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d1eb20fab9bdcc196113c7eb2c03ea9",
"text": "Dark Tourist Dark Tourist ( also known as The Grief Tourist ) is a 2012 American psychological thriller film directed by Suri Krishnamma , written by Frank John Hughes , and starring Michael Cudlitz , Melanie Griffith , and Pruitt Taylor Vince . Cudlitz plays a bigoted security guard who engages in dark tourism . It premiered at Filmfest München on July 3 , 2012 , and Phase 4 Films released it theatrically on August 23 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71cf084ec1957aa0cd7858f7b54d1243",
"text": "Final Voyage Final Voyage is an action/drama film released in 1999 . The film stars Dylan Walsh , Ice-T , Erika Eleniak , and Claudia Christian . Tagline : `` 2,500 passengers , 1 sinking ship , no escape . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f32b79524c4500671199526699c166f4",
"text": "Cargo airline Cargo airlines ( or airfreight carriers , and derivatives of these names ) are airlines mainly dedicated to the transport of cargo by air . Some cargo airlines are divisions or subsidiaries of larger passenger airlines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58dae6961819b0d0420fc0482a1e9584",
"text": "Departure control system A Departure Control System ( DCS ) automates processing an airlines ' airport management operation . This includes managing the information required for airport check-in and printing boarding card , baggage acceptance , boarding , load control and aircraft checks . Today DCS mostly ( 98 % ) manage electronic tickets via interfaces from range of devices including check-in kiosks , online check-in , mobile boarding cards , and baggage handling . DCS are able to identify , capture and update reservations from an airlines Computer Reservation System for passengers stored in a so-called Passenger Name Record ( PNR ) . A DCS is used to update reservations , typically as checked-in , boarded , flown or another status . Additionally and increasingly a DCS for some city-pair sectors may also be connected with immigration control for visa , immigration and passenger no-fly watchlists . Historically systems developed in North America have incorporated DCS functions as part of the reservations systems with check-in being initiated directly from the PNR . Load control ( weight and balance ) is then provided by a standalone application . Systems developed by airlines outside North America have traditionally had a separate database for DCS , requiring passenger data to be transferred from the PNR into DCS records . These systems have an integrated weight and balance capability . So-called `` new generation '' DCSs are being developed and deployed by vendors such as Amadeus and SITA as part of the overall re-engineering of airline Passenger Services Systems . These new systems typically use a common database and a services oriented architecture that allows reservations , check-in and other services to maintain a consistent view of passenger information . Larger international airports will have a range of DCS or a single DCS which each particular airline carrier can integrate with for streamlined operations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b126e29b03ee4a8a97162427adb1c0c",
"text": "Train Wreck (film) Train Wreck is a 2008 drama film directed by Andrew Lane starring R. Keith Harris and Maureen Mountcastle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf",
"text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b01858521cdd0a1c3318bac6cbab9c6",
"text": "Through train A through train ( also through service , run-through service/train ) is a concept of rail transport ( commuter rail , subway systems , and mass transit ) that involves a change in the operating provider of the line , or a change in the identity ( usually operational ) of the line , at a specified boundary , on a regularly specified schedule ( not random ) . This is usually accomplished through compatible infrastructure -- identical track gauge and durability issues ( although variable gauge trains do exist , they tend to be expensive ) , rolling stock dimensions , curve speed and signaling compatibility , train station dimensions ( to avoid damage to rolling stock ) , tunnels and bridge dimensions and maximum weight , and power requirements . The exact terminology ( and definition ) vary as usage ; in the case of National Rail of the UK , a through train is one which may be used by a passenger to make their entire journey without changing trains .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f60c6dce93d0235d6313a4116643e0b8",
"text": "Taxicab Confessions Taxicab Confessions is a television series of hidden camera documentaries that have aired on HBO since January 1995 . In segments taped in New York City and Las Vegas , the taxi drivers are also producers who steer both the vehicle and the conversations with passengers . When passengers enter the cab , they are recorded with several small cameras hidden in the taxi . The producer prompts passengers into discussing their past and/or present circumstances . This has led some participants to reflect on their life , recalling extreme tragedies or triumphs . Much is verbally or visually graphic , including explicit sex talk and sex acts performed in the back seat . At the end of the taxi ride , passengers are asked to sign waivers allowing the hidden camera footage to be used on the program , and footage of this revelation is sometimes seen during the closing credits . Separating the segments are short video montages showing life in the city , incorporating quick cuts of club interiors , flashing neon signage , strippers and the homeless , along with the series theme music , `` Over the Rainbow '' by Me First and the Gim me Gimmes . The series originated in New York , moved to Las Vegas and in recent years returned to New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbcbd294919e697f041d2508e246dd4b",
"text": "British Airtours Flight 28M British Airtours Flight 28M was an international passenger flight , originating from Manchester International Airport 's Runway 24 in Manchester , England , en route to Corfu International Airport on the Greek island of Corfu . On 22 August 1985 , the route was being operated by Boeing 737 -- 236 registered G-BGJL , when take-off from Manchester Airport was aborted due to engine failure . The aircraft , previously named `` Goldfinch '' , but at the time of the accident named `` River Orrin '' , had 131 passengers and six crew on the manifest . At 06:12 BST during the takeoff roll , a loud thump was heard . An engine failure had generated a fire and a plume of black smoke ensued . Takeoff was aborted and the captain ordered the evacuation of the aircraft , with 78 of the 131 passengers escaping . 53 passengers perished along with two members of the cabin crew . Most of the deaths were due to smoke inhalation . The accident was instrumental in bringing about changes to make aircraft evacuation more effective and has been described as `` a defining moment in the history of civil aviation '' by the BBC . Acting on the recommendations of the UK 's Air Accidents Investigation Branch ( AAIB ) , which investigated the accident , the aviation industry introduced changes to the seating layout near emergency exits , fire-resistant seat covers , floor lighting , fire-resistant wall and ceiling panels , more fire extinguishers and clearer evacuation rules .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90d566081ee13f5f626f4ba965ff8d99",
"text": "One Six Right One Six Right : The Romance of Flying is an independent documentary film about the general aviation industry as seen through a local airport . Within a short period of time , it has achieved a passionate following and presence among pilots and aviation enthusiasts worldwide who see the film as being able to communicate their passion for aviation . Concurrently , the film has garnered both local and national political attention in the United States as an accurate depiction of general aviation and its important contributions to all aviation industries worldwide . Within the entertainment industry , the film has attracted the sponsorship and support of many large media companies , including Apple Inc. , Sony Electronics , Toshiba , Technicolor , Bose , and Dolby , as pioneering new standards in high definition ( HD ) film making and distribution .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
dbe3d75097c45a0a65b7a9d4805fb925 | Portugal has a high-income advanced infrastructure. | [
{
"docid": "8c348a59cfeeaac8f4b520d981b8b62a",
"text": "Portugal Portugal ( Portuguese : -LSB- puɾtuˈɣaɫ -RSB- ) , officially the Portuguese Republic ( -LSB- República Portuguesa , links = no -RSB- ) ( Portuguese : -LSB- ʁɨ ` publikɐ puɾtu ' ɣezɐ -RSB- ) In recognized minority languages of Portugal : República Pertuesa is a sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe . It is the westernmost country of mainland Europe . To the west and south it is bordered by the Atlantic Ocean and to the east and north by Spain . The Portugal -- Spain border is 1214 km long and considered the longest uninterrupted border within the European Union . The republic also includes the Atlantic archipelagos of the Azores and Madeira , both autonomous regions with their own regional governments . The territory of modern Portugal has been continuously settled , invaded and fought over since prehistoric times . The Pre-Celts , Celts , Carthaginians and Romans were followed by the invasions of the Visigothic and the Suebi Germanic peoples . Portugal as a country was born in the aftermath of the Christian Reconquista against the Moors who had invaded the Iberian Peninsula in 711 AD and occupied most of it ever since . Precipitated by the seminal event for its foundation , the Battle of São Mamede , where Portuguese forces led by Afonso Henriques defeated forces led by his mother Theresa of Portugal and her lover Fernão Peres de Trava , which established the nation 's sovereignty against rival neighbor kingdoms . Following São Mamede , the future king styled himself Prince of Portugal . He would be proclaimed King of Portugal in the Battle of Ourique in 1139 and was recognised as such by neighbouring kingdoms in 1143 . In the 15th and 16th centuries , Portugal established the first global empire , becoming one of the world 's major economic , political and military powers . During this time , Portuguese explorers pioneered maritime exploration in the Age of Discovery , notably under royal patronage of Prince Henry the Navigator and King João II , with such notable discoveries as Bartolomeu Dias 's reach of the Cape of Good Hope ( 1488 ) , the Vasco da Gama 's sea route to India ( 1497 -- 98 ) and the discovery of Brazil ( 1500 ) . Portugal monopolized the spice trade during this time , and the Portuguese Empire expanded with military campaigns led in Asia . But the destruction of Lisbon in a 1755 earthquake , the country 's occupation during the Napoleonic Wars , the independence of Brazil ( 1822 ) , and the Liberal Wars ( 1828 -- 34 ) , all left Portugal crippled from war and diminished in its world power . After the 1910 revolution deposed the monarchy , the democratic but unstable Portuguese First Republic was established , later being superseded by the Estado Novo right-wing authoritarian regime . Democracy was restored after the Portuguese Colonial War and the Carnation Revolution in 1974 . Shortly after , independence was granted to almost all its overseas territories . The handover of Macau to China in 1999 marked the end of the longest-lived colonial empire . Portugal has left a profound cultural and architectural influence across the globe and a legacy of over 250 million Portuguese speakers today . Portugal is a developed country with a high-income advanced economy and a high living standard . It is the 5th most peaceful country in the world , maintaining a unitary semi-presidential republican form of government . It has the 18th highest Social Progress in the world , putting it ahead of other Western European countries like France , Spain and Italy . A founding member of NATO and the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , it is also a member of numerous other international organizations , including the United Nations , the European Union , the eurozone , and the OECD . Portugal is a pioneer when it comes to drug decriminalization , as the nation decriminalized the possession of all drugs for personal use in 2001 . LGBT rights in Portugal have improved substantially in the past two decades and are now among the best in the world . Moreover , after years of investment and cooperation , Portugal marked a climax on renewable energy worldwide in 2016 , when it was powered for 107 consecutive hours exclusively by wind , sun , and water , which advocates say further shows fossil fuels are indeed replaceable .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5da4877a94e41afce672793574167ee4",
"text": "Edward, King of Portugal Duarte ( -LSB- duˈaɾt -RSB- ; 31 October 1391 -- 9 September 1438 ) , known in English as Edward and called the Philosopher ( o Rei-Filósofo ) or the Eloquent ( o Eloquente ) , was King of Portugal and the Algarve and Lord of Ceuta from 1433 until his death . He was born in Viseu , the son of John I of Portugal and his wife , Queen Philippa of Portugal , a daughter of John of Gaunt . Edward was the oldest member of the `` Illustrious Generation '' of accomplished royal children who contributed to the development of Portuguese civilization during the 15th century . As a cousin of several English kings , he became a Knight of the Garter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ed5c08ce1a6344873ba05b43db3050c",
"text": "Norte Region, Portugal Norte ( Região Norte , -LSB- ʁɨʒiˈɐ̃w ˈnɔɾtɨ -RSB- ; `` North Region '' ) is a region in the northern part of Portugal . It is a land of dense vegetation and profound historic and cultural wealth . Its capital is the city of Porto . The region has 3,689,173 inhabitants according to the 2011 census , and its area is 21,278 km ² ( density of 173 inhabitants per square kilometre ) . It is one of five regions of Mainland Portugal ( NUTS II subdivisions ) . Northern Portugal is a culturally varied region , thus historical rivalries between different neighbouring cities and towns are common , unlike other Portuguese regions where every city and town is culturally very similar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c205b6bb15b41fb6a333a503f1a900d9",
"text": "List of twin towns and sister cities in Portugal __ NOTOC __ This is a list of places in Portugal having standing links to local communities in other countries . In most cases , the association , especially when formalised by local government , is known as `` town twinning '' ( though other terms , such as `` partner towns '' or `` sister cities '' are sometimes used instead ) , and while most of the places included are towns , the list also comprises villages , cities , districts , counties , etc. with similar links .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b40e8f9bd8f3c4039484178d4fb3d7c2",
"text": "Transport in Brazil Transport infrastructure in Brazil is characterized by strong regional differences and lack of development of the national rail network . Brazil 's fast-growing economy , and especially the growth in exports , will place increasing demands on the transport networks . However , sizeable new investments that are expected to address some of the issues are either planned or in progress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96cea9744244ee2575f2222834acb438",
"text": "Foreign relations of Macau As a special administrative region ( SAR ) of the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , Macau 's diplomatic relations and defence are the responsibility of the Central People 's Government of the PRC . Except diplomatic relations and defence , nonetheless , Macau has retained considerable autonomy in all aspects , including economic and commercial relations , customs control . According to Chapter VII of Macau 's basic law , Macau may , on its own , using the name Macau , China or Macao , China , maintain and develop relations and conclude and implement agreements with foreign states and regions and relevant international organisations in the appropriate fields , including the economic , trade , financial and monetary , shipping , communications , tourism , cultural , science and technology , and sports fields . In addition , Macau can participate in international organizations and conferences not limited to states . The Macau government has maintained Macau Economic and Trade Representative Offices in Lisbon , Portugal and Brussels , Belgium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d58e6f7a4454098dd7b678b8949518b",
"text": "EPortuguêse The ePORTUGUÊSe network is a platform developed by the World Health Organization ( WHO ) to strengthen collaboration among Portuguese-speaking countries in the areas of health information and capacity building of Human Resources for Health , therefore enhancing health information systems in those countries . According to Ethnologue , Portuguese is the sixth most spoken language in the world and there are more than 300 million speakers distributed through eight countries ( Angola , Brazil , Cape Verde , Guinea-Bissau , Mozambique , Portugal , São Tomé and Príncipe , and Timor-Leste ) in four WHO Regional Offices ( AFRO , PAHO-AMRO , EURO and SEARO ) . Portuguese is also the third most spoken language in the Western hemisphere and the most widely spoken in the southern hemisphere . In November 2012 , ePORTUGUÊSe received a recognition award for its contribution to the South-South and Triangular collaboration at the UN High Level and Directors General Meeting during the Global Development EXPO 2012 held in Vienna , Austria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd66b872cf5b93b2d6513a15bb2a4641",
"text": "São Paulo (state) São Paulo ( -LSB- sɐ̃w ˈpawlu -RSB- ) is one of the 26 states of the Federative Republic of Brazil and is named after Saint Paul of Tarsus . As the richest Brazilian state and a major industrial complex , often dubbed the `` locomotive of Brazil '' , the state alone is responsible for 33.9 % of the Brazilian GDP . São Paulo also has the second highest Human Development Index ( HDI ) and GDP per capita , the fourth lowest infant mortality rate and the third lowest rate of illiteracy among the federative units of Brazil . São Paulo alone is richer than Argentina , Uruguay , Paraguay and Bolivia combined . If São Paulo were an independent country , its nominal GDP would be ranked among the top 20 in the world ( 2010 estimate ) . The economy of São Paulo State is the most developed in Brazil With more than 45 million inhabitants in 2014 , São Paulo is the most populous Brazilian state , the most populous national subdivision in the Americas , and the third most populous political unit of South America , surpassed only by the rest of the Brazilian Federation and Colombia . The local population is one of the most diverse in the country and descended mostly from Italians , who began immigrating to the country in the late 19th century ; of the Portuguese , who colonized Brazil and installed the first European settlements in the region ; indigenous peoples , a large number of distinct ethnic groups ; Africans , who were brought from Africa as slaves in the colonial era and migrants from other regions of the country . In addition , Arabs , Germans , Spanish , Japanese and Chinese also are present in the ethnic composition of the local population . The area that today corresponds to the state territory was already inhabited by indigenous peoples from approximately 12,000 B.C. . In the early 16th century , the coast of the region was visited by Portuguese and Spanish explorers and navigators . In 1532 Martim Afonso de Sousa would establish the first Portuguese permanent settlement in the Americas -- the village of São Vicente , in the Baixada Santista . In the 17th century , the paulistas bandeirantes intensified the exploration of the interior of the colony , which eventually expanded the territorial domain of Portugal and the Portuguese Empire in South America . In the 18th century , after the establishment of the Province of São Paulo , the region began to gain political weight . After independence in 1820 , São Paulo began to become a major agricultural producer ( mainly coffee ) in the newly constituted Empire of Brazil , which ultimately created a rich regional rural oligarchy , which would switch on the command of the Brazilian government with Minas Gerais 's elites during the early republican periodin the 1880s . Under the Vargas Era , the state was one of the first to initiate a process of industrialization and its population became one of the most urban of the federation . The city of São Paulo , the homonymous state capital , is ranked as the world 's 12th largest city and its metropolitan area , with 20 million inhabitants , is the 9th largest in the world and second in the Americas , after Greater Mexico City . Regions near the city of São Paulo are also metropolitan areas , such as Campinas , Santos , Sorocaba and São José dos Campos . The total population of these areas coupled with the state capital -- the so-called `` Expanded Metropolitan Complex of São Paulo '' -- exceeds 30 million inhabitants , i.e. approximately 75 percent of the population of São Paulo statewide , the first macro-metropolis in the southern hemisphere , joining 65 municipalities that together are home to 12 percent of the Brazilian population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "547f67718e5b7962d84368dcf3fae020",
"text": "Marvão Marvão ( -LSB- mɐɾˈvɐ̃w -RSB- ) is a municipality in Portalegre District in Portugal . The population in 2011 was 3,512 , in an area of 154.90 km ² . The present Mayor is Vitor Martins Frutuoso , elected by the Social Democratic Party . The municipal holiday is September 8 . Perched on a granite crag of the Serra de São Mamede , Marvão 's name is derived from an 8th-century Muladi duke , named Ibn Marwan . Ibn Marwan , who constructed the Castle of Marvão - likely on the site of an earlier Roman watchtower - as a power base when establishing an independent statelet ( `` emirate '' , duchy ) - covering much of modern-day Portugal - during the Emirate of Cordoba ( 884-931 CE ) . The castle and walled village were further fortified through the centuries , notably under Sancho II of Portugal ( 13th century ) and Denis of Portugal . The village has generated significant tourist interest in recent years . It was included in the # 1 New York Times bestselling book , ' 1000 Places to see Before you Die ' . Nobel prize-winning author José Saramago wrote of the village `` From Marvão one can see the entire land ... It is understandable that from this place , high up in the keep at Marvão Castle , visitors may respectfully murmur , ` How great is the world . '' . In the 1950s , author Huldine V. Beamish wrote of Marvão ` There is an atmosphere about the district ( of Marvão ) that is very ancient . At times you have the same peculiar feelings as those evoked by Stonehenge and that amazing druid monument at Callernish in the Isle of Lewis . Picking your way along the steep stony pathways , you would not be at all surprised to meet a Phoenician trader or Roman Soldier . It would be the most natural thing in the world . ' . An annual international classical music festival , under the artistic direction of German conductor Christoph Poppen , was launched in Marvão in July 2014 . The village also hosts an international film festival , Periferías , in August each year . Other annual festivals in Marvão include ` Al-Mossassa ' - a celebration of the town 's Moorish past , held jointly with the Spanish city of Badajoz ( also founded by Ibn Marwan ) - in early October , plus a major Chestnut Festival in early November .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bed6de7a4d3d30007e1d0cf428d5e2fc",
"text": "A5 motorway (Portugal) The A5 is a 25 km motorway , located in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area , Portugal . It connects Lisbon with Cascais . The motorway is also known as Estoril Coast Motorway and it overlaps the Complementary Itinerary 15 ( IC15 ) . The first section of the highway -- connecting the Duarte Pacheco Viaduct in the City of Lisbon with the National Stadium in the Oeiras Municipality -- was opened in 1944 , becoming the first motorway in Portugal and one of the first in the world . From 1945 to the early 1980s , it was officially designated National Road 7 ( N7 ) , when it became the A5 . The last section of the A5 was opened in 1991 . Category : Motorways in Portugal Category : Cascais",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bdc2422283dbee1efca9cd34c314fcb",
"text": "São Luís, Maranhão São Luís ( -LSB- sɐ̃w luˈis -RSB- , Saint Louis ) is the capital and largest city of the Brazilian state of Maranhão . The city is located on Ilha de São Luís ( Saint Louis ' Island ) in the Baía de São Marcos ( Saint Mark 's Bay ) , an extension of the Atlantic Ocean which forms the estuary of Pindaré , Mearim , Itapecuru and other rivers . Its coordinates are 2.53 ° south , 44.30 ° west . The city proper has a population of some 986,826 people ( 2008 IBGE estimate ) . The metropolitan area totals 1,227,659 , ranked as the 16th largest in Brazil . São Luís , created originally as Saint-Louis-de-Maragnan , is the only Brazilian state capital founded by France ( see France Équinoxiale ) and it is one of the three Brazilian state capitals located on islands ( the others are Vitória and Florianópolis ) . The city has two major sea ports : Madeira Port and Itaqui Port , through which a substantial part of Brazil 's iron ore , originating from the ( pre ) - Amazon region , is exported . The city 's main industries are metallurgical with Alumar , and VALE . São Luís is home of the Federal University of Maranhão . São Luís was the home town of famous Brazilian samba singer Alcione , Brazilian writers Aluísio Azevedo , Ferreira Gullar and Josué Montello , Belgian-naturalised soccer player Luís Oliveira , and the musician João do Vale and Zeca Baleiro , a Música popular brasileira ( MPB ) singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e32049ae1dd7a642aba85831c5ee819f",
"text": "Portuguese colonial architecture Portuguese colonial architecture refers to the various styles of architecture that the Portuguese built across the Portuguese Empire . Portuguese colonial Architecture can be found in the plethora of former colonies throughout South America , North Africa , Sub-Saharan Africa , India , Oceania , and East Asia . Many former colonies , especially Brazil , Macau , and Mozambique , promote their Portuguese colonial architecture as major tourist attractions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9412cc53c54c198b7c428d8bfb54f872",
"text": "António Lavradio Luís de Almeida Soares de Portugal , Marquis of Lavradio , governor of the colony of Brazil , born in Lisbon , Portugal 27 June 1729 ; died in Porto , Portugal 2 March 1790 . He entered the Portuguese navy in 1747 , and served in South America . In 1760 he became governor-general of Brazil , and during his administration of twenty years he greatly improved the colony . He developed the culture of indigo and rice , and introduced the first coffee-trees into the colony . He also endeavored to civilize the Indians instead of persecuting them like most of his predecessors , and founded villages in countries where formerly no European had dared to travel . Under his administration Brazil grew rich and prosperous . He first conceived the idea of making the culture of the Ipecacuanha meaning `` sick making plant '' - Ipecac Syrup of ipecac tree a source of profit to the colony and had thousands of them planted , thus opening to Brazil a new branch of trade . He also did much to ameliorate the condition of the poorer classes and to check the insolence of the aristocracy toward the people . Alfonso de Varnhagen , in his Historia geral do Brazil , praises him as a benefactor of the colony , and his name has been given recently ( circa 1892 ) to one of the principal streets of Rio Janeiro . In 1781 he was relieved of his command in Brazil and appointed vice-admiral . In 1782 he commanded the Portuguese fleet in South America , and in the following year became president of the admiralty and privy councillor of the king , which post he held till his death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e57e5cdcecb6b7ed67637bbff362afc2",
"text": "Mozambique Mozambique ( -LSB- moʊzæmˈbiːk -RSB- or -LSB- mɔːzæmˈbiːk -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Mozambique ( Moçambique or República de Moçambique , -LSB- rɛˈpublikɐ dɨ musɐ̃ˈbikɨ -RSB- ) is a country in Southeast Africa bordered by the Indian Ocean to the east , Tanzania to the north , Malawi and Zambia to the northwest , Zimbabwe to the west , and Swaziland and South Africa to the southwest . It is separated from Madagascar by the Mozambique Channel to the east . The capital and largest city is Maputo ( known as `` Lourenço Marques '' before independence ) . Between the 1st and 5th centuries AD , Bantu-speaking peoples migrated from farther north and west . Swahili ( and later Arab ) commercial ports existed along the coasts until the arrival of Europeans . The area was explored by Vasco da Gama in 1498 and colonised by Portugal from 1505 . The country was an important place where Somali merchants enslaved the local population , starting what is now known as the Somali slave trade . After over four centuries of Portuguese rule , Mozambique gained independence in 1975 , becoming the People 's Republic of Mozambique shortly thereafter . After only two years of independence , the country descended into an intense and protracted civil war lasting from 1977 to 1992 . In 1994 , Mozambique held its first multiparty elections and has remained a relatively stable presidential republic . However , since 2013 , following more than 20 years of peace , a renewed insurgency by RENAMO has been occurring . Mozambique is one of the poorest and most underdeveloped countries in the world . Mozambique is endowed with rich and extensive natural resources . The country 's economy is based largely on agriculture , but industry is growing , mainly food and beverages , chemical manufacturing , and aluminium and petroleum production . The country 's tourism sector is also growing . South Africa is Mozambique 's main trading partner and source of foreign direct investment . Belgium , Brazil , Portugal , and Spain are also among the country 's most important economic partners . Since 2001 , Mozambique 's annual average GDP growth has been among the world 's highest . However , the country ranks among the lowest in GDP per capita , human development , measures of inequality , and average life expectancy . The only official language of Mozambique is Portuguese , which is spoken mostly as a second language by about half of the population . Common native languages include Makhuwa , Sena , and Swahili . The country 's population of around 24 million is composed overwhelmingly of Bantu people . The largest religion in Mozambique is Christianity , with significant minorities following Islam and African traditional religions . Mozambique is a member of the African Union , the Commonwealth of Nations , the Community of Portuguese Language Countries , the Latin Union , the Non-Aligned Movement , and the Southern African Development Community , and is an observer at La Francophonie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53",
"text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba83662107fa9a676efec200480e8c0d",
"text": "List of mountains in Portugal This is a list of the mountains in Portugal , including the mountains with more than 1400 meters of altitude and with , at least , 100 meters of topographic prominence . Mountains and hills occupy most of the territory of Portugal . The highest Portuguese mountain is Mount Pico in the Azores islands , with 2351 m . The highest peak in Mainland Portugal is Torre in the Serra da Estrela range , with 1993 m. Historically , during most of the 20th century , the Mount Tatamailau , in the former Portuguese Timor , with 2986 m , was the highest Portuguese mountain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b225db526c30ff3c8a28654ede8781c6",
"text": "Póvoa de Varzim Póvoa de Varzim ( -LSB- ˈpɔvwɐ ðɨ vɐɾˈzĩ -RSB- , locally -LSB- -LSB- ˈpɔβwə ðɨ βəɾˈzĩŋ -RSB- -RSB- ) , also spelled Povoa de Varzim , is a Portuguese city in Northern Portugal and sub-region of Greater Porto . It sits in a sandy coastal plain , a cuspate foreland , halfway between the Minho and Douro rivers . The population of the municipality was 63,408 at the time of the 2011 census . According to the 2001 census , there were 63,470 inhabitants , with 42,396 living in the city proper . The city expanded , southwards , to Vila do Conde , and there are about 100,000 inhabitants in the urban area alone . It is the seventh-largest urban agglomeration in Portugal and the third largest in Northern Portugal . Permanent settlement in Póvoa de Varzim dates back to around four to six thousand years ago ; around 900 BC , unrest in the region led to the establishment of Cividade de Terroso , a fortified city , which developed maritime trade routes with the civilizations of classical antiquity . Modern Póvoa de Varzim emerged after the conquest by the Roman Republic of the city by 138 BC , fishing and fish processing units soon developed , which turned out to be the foundations of the local economy . By the 11th century , the fish industry and fertile farmlands were the economic base of a feudal lordship and Varzim was fiercely disputed between the local overlords and the early Portuguese kings , which resulted in the establishment of the present day 's municipality in 1308 and being subdued to monastic power some years later . Póvoa de Varzim 's importance reemerged with the Age of Discovery due to its shipbuilders and merchants proficiency and wealth , who traded around the globe in complex trade routes . By the 17th century , the fish processing industry rebounded and , some time later , Póvoa became the dominant fishing port in northern Portugal . Póvoa de Varzim has been a well-known beach resort for over three centuries , the most popular in Northern Portugal , which unfolded an influential literary culture and historical artistic patronage in music and theater . Casino da Póvoa is one of the few and prominent gambling venues in Portugal . Leisure and health benefits provided in large sandy beaches attracts national and international visitors . Póvoa de Varzim holds other landmarks , especially the traditional Junqueira shopping street , Garrett Theatre , the Ethnography and History Museum , Cividade de Terroso , the Medieval Rates Monastery , Baroque Matriz Church , city Hall and Portuguese vernacular architecture in Praça do Almada , and numerous Portuguese cuisine restaurants that make Póvoa de Varzim popular in all Northern Portugal , which started to attract an international following . Farol da Lapa , Farol de Regufe , the main breakwater of the Port of Póvoa de Varzim , Carvalhido and São Félix Hill are preferred for sightseeing . The city has significant textile and food industries . The town has retained a distinct cultural identity and ancient customs such as the writing system of siglas poveiras , the masseira farming technique and festivals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97d87042dcbafd910a1cdbf7ebb00362",
"text": "Porto Velho Porto Velho ( -LSB- ˈpoʁtu ˈvɛʎu -RSB- , Old Port ) is the capital of the Brazilian state of Rondônia , in the upper Amazon River basin , and a Catholic Metropolitan Archbishopric . The population is 426,558 people ( as of the IBGE 2010 census ) . Located on the border of Rondônia and the state of Amazonas , the town is an important trading center for cassiterite , the mining of which represents the most important economic activity in the region , as well as a transportation and communication center . It is on the eastern shore of the Madeira River , one of the main tributaries of the Amazon River . It is also Rondônia 's largest city , and the largest state capital of Brazil by area . The municipality occupies most of the border between Amazonas and Rondônia , and is both the westernmost and northernmost city in the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51d84ae613d2eb15af8ade13c6f21c18",
"text": "Council of Ministers (Portugal) The Council of Ministers ( Conselho de Ministros , -LSB- kõˈseʎu dɨ miˈniʃtɾuʃ -RSB- or -LSB- kõˈsɐʎu dɨ mɨˈniʃtɾuʃ -RSB- ) is a collegial executive body within the Government of Portugal . It is presided over by the Prime Minister , but the President of Portugal can preside over it at the Prime Minister 's request . All senior ministers are members of the council of ministers , and when the prime minister finds it fit , state secretaries can also attend its meetings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b46f73307aed536b19f02088e1fe675",
"text": "List of governors of Portuguese India The government of Portuguese India started in 1505 , six years after the discovery of the sea route to India by Vasco da Gama , with the nomination of the first Viceroy Francisco de Almeida , then settled at Kochi . Until 1752 , the name `` India '' included all Portuguese possessions in the Indian Ocean , from southern Africa to Southeast Asia , governed - either by a Viceroy or Governor - from its headquarters , established in Goa since 1510 . In 1752 Portuguese Mozambique got its own government and in 1844 the Portuguese Government of India stopped administering the territory of Portuguese Macau , Solor and Portuguese Timor , seeing itself thus confined to a reduced territorial entity in Malabar : Goa , Daman , Diu , Dadra and Nagar Haveli . Portuguese control ceased in the last two enclaves in 1954 , and finally ceased in the remaining three pockets in 1961 , when they were occupied by the Republic of India ( although Portugal only recognized the occupation after the Carnation Revolution in 1974 ) . This ended four and a half centuries of Portuguese rule in parts -- thought tiny -- of India . It may be noted that during the term of the monarchy , the title of the head of the Portuguese government in India ranged from `` Governor '' to `` Viceroy '' . The title of viceroy would only be assigned to members of the nobility ; It was formally terminated in 1774 , although it has later been given sporadically to be decisively ended after 1835 ) , as shown below .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e3043519e28f7a52003e7829811ddea",
"text": "Comparison of Portuguese and Spanish Portuguese and Spanish , although closely related sister languages , differ in many details of their phonology , grammar , and lexicon . Both are part of a broader group known as West Iberian Romance , which also includes several other languages or dialects with fewer speakers , all of which are mutually intelligible to some degree . The most obvious differences are in pronunciation . Mutual intelligibility is generally greater for the written languages than for their spoken forms . Compare , for example , the following sentences : Al buen entendedor pocas palabras bastan ( Spanish : -LSB- -LSB- al ˈβwen entendeˈðor ˈpokas paˈlaβɾaz ˈβastan -RSB- -RSB- ) Ao bom entendedor poucas palavras bastam ( European Portuguese : -LSB- -LSB- ɐw ˈβõ ẽtẽdɨˈðoɾ ˈpo ( w ) kɐʃ pɐˈlavɾɐʒ ˈβaʃtɐ̃w -RSB- -RSB- , Brazilian Portuguese : -LSB- -LSB- aw ˈbõw ĩtẽdeˈdoʁ ˈpo ( w ) kas paˈlavɾaz ˈbastɐ̃w -RSB- -RSB- ) -- roughly equivalent to the English proverb `` A word to the wise is sufficient , '' or , a more literal translation , `` To a good listener , a few words are enough . '' There are also some significant differences between Brazilian Portuguese and European Portuguese as there are between British and American English or Peninsular and Latin American Spanish . This article notes these differences below only where : both Brazilian and European Portuguese differ not only from each other , but from Spanish as well ; both Peninsular ( i.e. European ) and Latin American Spanish differ not only from each other , but also from Portuguese ; or either Brazilian or European Portuguese differs from Spanish with syntax not possible in Spanish ( while the other dialect does not ) . notice",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7605a93769ed6e7ab451b3863857369d | Texas was once ruled by another country. | [
{
"docid": "243a9d78a756720485ca237d5c9311aa",
"text": "Texas Texas ( -LSB- ˈtɛksəs -RSB- , -LSB- localˈtɛksᵻz -RSB- Texas or Tejas -LSB- ˈtexas -RSB- ) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population . Geographically located in the South Central region of the country , Texas shares borders with the U.S. states of Louisiana to the east , Arkansas to the northeast , Oklahoma to the north , New Mexico to the west , and the Mexican states of Chihuahua , Coahuila , Nuevo León , and Tamaulipas to the southwest , while the Gulf of Mexico is to the southeast . Houston is the most populous city in Texas and the fourth largest in the U.S. , while San Antonio is the second most populous in the state and seventh largest in the U.S. Dallas -- Fort Worth and Greater Houston are the fourth and fifth largest metropolitan statistical areas in the country , respectively . Other major cities include Austin , the second most populous state capital in the U.S. , and El Paso . Texas is nicknamed `` The Lone Star State '' to signify its former status as an independent republic , and as a reminder of the state 's struggle for independence from Mexico . The `` Lone Star '' can be found on the Texan state flag and on the Texan state seal . The origin of Texas 's name is from the word `` Tejas , '' which means `` friends '' in the Caddo language . Due to its size and geologic features such as the Balcones Fault , Texas contains diverse landscapes that resemble both the U.S. Southern and Southwestern regions . Although Texas is popularly associated with the U.S. southwestern deserts , less than 10 % of Texas ' land area is desert . Most of the population centers are located in areas of former prairies , grasslands , forests , and the coastline . Traveling from east to west , one can observe terrain that ranges from coastal swamps and piney woods , to rolling plains and rugged hills , and finally the desert and mountains of the Big Bend . The term `` six flags over Texas `` For example , as used by the large Grand Prairie -- based national and international amusement park operator Six Flags refers to several nations that have ruled over the territory . Spain was the first European country to claim the area of Texas . France held a short-lived colony . Mexico controlled the territory until 1836 when Texas won its independence , becoming an independent Republic . In 1845 , Texas joined the union as the 28th state . The state 's annexation set off a chain of events that led to the Mexican -- American War in 1846 . A slave state before the American Civil War , Texas declared its secession from the U.S. in early 1861 , and officially joined the Confederate States of America on March 2 of the same year . After the Civil War and the restoration of its representation in the federal government , Texas entered a long period of economic stagnation . One Texan industry that thrived after the Civil War was cattle . Due to its long history as a center of the industry , Texas is associated with the image of the cowboy . The state 's economic fortunes changed in the early 20th century , when oil discoveries initiated an economic boom in the state . With strong investments in universities , Texas developed a diversified economy and high tech industry in the mid-20th century . As of 2015 , it is second on the list of the most Fortune 500 companies with 54 . With a growing base of industry , the state leads in many industries , including agriculture , petrochemicals , energy , computers and electronics , aerospace , and biomedical sciences . Texas has led the nation in export revenue since 2002 and has the second-highest gross state product .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "36b6f6723a892bf9c49a21fb8b884e4c",
"text": "La Junta Indians La Junta Indians is a collective name for the various Indians living in the area known as La Junta de los Rios ( `` the confluence of the rivers '' : the Rio Grande and the Conchos River ) on the borders of present-day West Texas and Mexico . In 1535 Alvar Nunez Cabeza de Vaca recorded visiting these peoples while making his way to a Spanish settlement . They cultivated crops in the river floodplains , as well as gathering indigenous plants and catching fish from the rivers . They were part of an extensive trading network in the region . As a crossroads , the area attracted people of different tribes . In the eighteenth century , the Spanish set up missions in the area and the Native Americans gradually lost their tribal identifications . After suffering severe population losses through infectious disease , the Spanish slave trade , and attacks by raiding Apache and Comanche , the La Junta Indians disappeared . Some intermarried with Spanish soldiers and their descendants became part of the Mestizo population of Mexico ; others merged with the Apache and Comanche ; still others departed to work on Spanish haciendas and in silver mines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f14e247c06a311c05e60d25226711c1b",
"text": "Mexican Kickapoo The Mexican Kickapoo ( Tribu Kikapú ) are a bi-national indigenous people , some of whom live both in Mexico and in the United States . In Mexico , they were granted land at Hacienda del Nacimiento near the town of Múzquiz in the state of Coahuila in 1850 . A few small groups of Kickapoo also live in the states of Sonora and Durango . The Mexican Kickapoo often work as migrants in Texas and move throughout the midwest and the western United States , returning in winter to Mexico . They are affiliated with the federally recognized tribes of the Kickapoo Traditional Tribe of Texas , Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma , and Kickapoo Tribe in Kansas . In 1979 the Mexican Kickapoo who were dual residents requested clarification of their status , as they had no clear legal status in either the United States or Mexico . An Act was passed in 1983 by the United States Congress , which recognized them as a distinct subgroup of the Kickapoo Tribe of Oklahoma . It also granted federal recognition to the Texas Kickapoo . A 1985 law gave the Texas band the option of selecting Mexican or U.S. citizenship . Some 145 of the tribe members chose to become U.S. citizens and the remaining 500 or so chose to obtain Mexican citizenship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db9e30702d724c531e6e11ec643168ee",
"text": "Veterans' Land Board scandal The Veterans ' Land Board Scandal was a political scandal in Texas in that became public in 1954 . The Texas Legislature enacted the Veterans ' Land Act in November 1946 . The measure called for issuing $ 25 million in bonds , the proceeds of which would be used by the state government to purchase land and resell it to veterans of World War II at 3 % interest on 40 year loans . In early 1951 another $ 75 million was appropriated by the state for this purpose . The only stipulations on the purchase was that the loan could not be for more than $ 7,500 and the tracts of land could not be less than 20 acres ( 80,000 m ² ) . A 5 % downpayment was required , and the land could not be resold for three years . The law allowed for `` block sales , '' whereby veterans could join together to buy the land . This was allowed because it would be difficult to buy 20 acres ( 80,000 m ² ) with only $ 7,500 . The scandal was unveiled in November 1954 when reporter Roland Towery , then managing editor of the Cuero Record , published the results of his investigation of a tip that prominent Cuero-area businessmen were entertaining local Hispanic and African-American laborers , an unheard of thing in South Texas at this time . The businessmen were paying the laborers , who were veterans and mostly illiterate , to sign applications for the land grants and the businessmen would pocket the money . Many of the veterans who purchased land in block sales were not even aware that they had purchased land . In fact , many were led to believe that they were getting free land as part of a veteran entitlement program or else were receiving some type of veterans ' compensation from the state . When Towery asked Texas Veterans Land Board chairman ( and Texas General Land Office commissioner ) Bascom Giles about these irregularities , Giles denied involvement , attributing the irregularities to local land speculators . Struck by the fact that Giles had defended himself before even being accused of anything , Towrey ran with the story , accelerating an investigation begun the previous year by the state attorney general , John Ben Shepperd . Fraud was soon discovered in nine south Texas counties , and numerous members of the General Land Office were charged with fraud and conspiracy to defraud veterans . Giles was imprisoned for his role in the scandal , and many others paid heavy fines for their crimes . Governor Allan Shivers and John Ben Sheppard , as ex officio members of the Veterans Land Board , were tainted by the scandal . Ralph Yarborough and his allies in the liberal wing of the Texas Democratic Party pointed to the scandal as an example of the kind of corruption that the conservative Shivercrats were willing to overlook .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c47da6e336e4a564a2ab069b96f4b41",
"text": "Convention of 1832 The Convention of 1832 was the first political gathering of colonists in Mexican Texas . Delegates sought reforms from the Mexican government and hoped to quell the widespread belief that settlers in Texas wished to secede from Mexico . The convention was the first in a series of unsuccessful attempts at political negotiation that eventually led to the Texas Revolution . Under the 1824 Constitution of Mexico , Texas was denied independent statehood and merged into the new state Coahuila y Tejas . After growing suspicious that the United States government would attempt to seize Texas by force , in 1830 Mexican President Anastasio Bustamante enacted the Law of April 6 , 1830 which restricted immigration and called for customs duty enforcement . Tensions erupted in June 1832 , when Texas residents systematically expelled all Mexican troops from eastern Texas . The lack of military oversight emboldened the colonists to increase their political activity . On October 1 , 1832 , 55 political delegates met at San Felipe de Austin to petition for changes in the governance of Texas . Notably absent was any representation from San Antonio de Béxar , where many of the native Mexican settlers ( Tejanos ) lived . The delegates elected Stephen F. Austin , a highly respected empresario , as president of the convention . Delegates passed a series of resolutions requesting , among other things , a repeal of the immigration restrictions , a three-year exclusion from custom duties enforcement , permission to form an armed militia and independent statehood . They also voted themselves the power to call future conventions . Before the petition could be delivered to Mexico City , the political chief of Texas , Ramón Músquiz , ruled that the convention was illegal and annulled the resolutions . In a compromise , the ayuntamiento ( city council ) of San Antonio de Béxar drafted a new petition with similar language to the convention resolutions and submitted it through proper legal channels . Músquiz forwarded the new document to the Mexican Congress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753a224c0c89f070e9168f996b899571",
"text": "South Texas Historical Association The South Texas Historical Association is a regional organization dedicated to the preservation of the history of South Texas . It was founded in 1954 `` to encourage the organization and to aid in the development of local historical societies and to discover , collect , preserve , and publish historical records and data relating to South Texas , and with special emphasis on the Tamaulipan background and the colony of Nuevo Santander . '' The Journal of South Texas is a biannual publication and is sent to all members of the South Texas Historical Association .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f3ff8e06e210283070c1a0e280c0d57",
"text": "Champ d'Asile Champ d'Asile ( `` Field of Asylum '' ) was a short-lived settlement founded in Texas in January 1818 by 20 French Bonapartist veterans of the Napoleonic Wars from the Vine and Olive Colony . The party was led by General Charles Lallemand . Land was offered to French settlers on March 3 , 1817 , after a vote by the United States Congress . Champ d'Asile was situated along the Trinity River and was abandoned in July of the same year . Lallemand , a Bonapartist General , was accompanied by his brother , Baron Charles François Antoine Lallemand . The colony was to bring some military men for protection , and concentrate on agricultural work , cultivating grapes and olives . 100 officers joined Lallemand , and around a quarter to a third of these were foreigners of the Grande Armée ; the rest were French . Lallemand financed the project through land speculation . On December 17 , 1817 150 of the would-be-settlers sailed from Philadelphia for Galveston , Texas , where they arrived on January 14 . Lallemand and the other colonists convened in New Orleans , and on March 10 left for Galveston with 120 volunteers . They sailed up the Trinity River to Atascosito where they built two small forts . Mexican governor Antonio María Martínez , having heard about this expedition , sent his own troops to San Marcos , wary of an attack . The colony was abandoned shortly afterwards . Some of the colonists , including pirate Jean Laffite and other mercenaries , had caused concern to settlers of New Spain . The Champ d'Asile was founded at a time when disputes over territory were increasing , and the Adams -- Onís Treaty , which settled a border dispute between the United States and Spain , was signed in 1819 . Furthermore , the Bourbon Restoration in France made the existence of a Bonapartist colony doubtful , as the Spanish Bourbons held the Spanish crown . Despite Lallemand 's assurances , rumours had circulated about his motives , and there was little evidence of agricultural work on the site , while construction of a fortress and manufacturing munitions had begun .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "348074346c57c092353893f19ed4549b",
"text": "Philippines–United States relations Philippines -- United States relations ( Filipino : Ugnayang Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ) are bilateral relations between the United States of America and its former colony , the Republic of the Philippines . The relationship between the United States and the Philippines has historically been strong and has been described as a Special Relationship . The current Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte , however , is supportive of a foreign policy that is less dependent on the United States , favoring one that prioritizes closer relations with China instead . The Philippines is one of the oldest Asian partners of the U.S. and a strategically major non-NATO ally . The United States was consistently ranked as one of the Philippines ' favorite nations in the world , with 90 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91 % viewing Americans favorably in 2002 , 90 % of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011 , 85 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and Americans favorably in 2013 , and 92 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. favorably in 2015 , and 89 % having confidence in United States president , Barack Obama in 2014 , making the Philippines the most pro-American country in the world . On October 20 , 2016 , the President of the Philippines announced a `` separation '' from the US , both militarily and economically , in favor of alliances with China and Russia . This article discusses Philippine -- American relations after Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 , while the article History of the Philippines ( 1898 -- 1946 ) describes the history of the Philippines during American colonial rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03a4a032f3f165faada86a398d7a819f",
"text": "Demographics of Texas Texas is the second most populous U.S. state , with an estimated 2017 population of 28.449 million . In recent decades , it has experienced strong population growth . Texas has many major cities and metropolitan areas , along with many towns and rural areas . Much of the population is in the major cities of Houston , San Antonio , Dallas , Fort Worth , Austin , and El Paso .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d5245780ce4cf363339762810643e52",
"text": "Antonio López de Santa Anna Antonio de Padua María Severino López de Santa Anna y Pérez de Lebrón ( -LSB- anˈtonjo ˈlopes ðe sant ( a ) ˈana -RSB- ; 21 February 1794 -- 21 June 1876 ) , often known as Santa Anna or López de Santa Anna and sometimes called `` the Napoleon of the West '' , was a Mexican criollo who fought to defend royalist New Spain and then for Mexican independence . He served as a Mexican politician and general . He greatly influenced early Mexican politics and government , and was a skilled soldier and cunning politician , who dominated Mexican history in the first half of the nineteenth century to such an extent that historians often refer to it as the `` Age of Santa Anna '' . He was called `` the Man of Destiny '' , who `` loomed over his time like a melodramatic colossus , the uncrowned monarch . '' Santa Anna first opposed the movement for Mexican independence from Spain , but then fought in support of it . Though not the first caudillo ( military leader ) of modern Mexico , he `` represents the stereotypical caudillo in Mexican history , '' and among the earliest . Conservative historian , intellectual , and politician Lucas Alamán wrote that `` The history of Mexico since 1822 might accurately be called the history of Santa Anna 's revolutions ... . His name plays the major role in all the political events of the country and its destiny has become intertwined with his . '' He was a valiant defender of Mexico against foreign invaders , becoming a hero of the nation . Santa Anna had great power in the independent country ; during a turbulent 40-year career , he served as general at crucial points and served eleven non-consecutive presidential terms over a period of 22 years . A wealthy landowner , he built a firm political base in the major port city of Veracruz . He was perceived as a hero by his troops ; he sought glory for himself and his army , and independent Mexico . He repeatedly rebuilt his reputation after major losses . Historians and many Mexicans also rank him as perhaps the principal inhabitant even today of Mexico 's pantheon of `` those who failed the nation . '' His centralist rhetoric and military failures resulted in Mexico losing just over half its territory , beginning with the Texas Revolution of 1836 , and culminating with the Mexican Cession of 1848 following its defeat by the United States in the Mexican -- American War . His political positions changed frequently in his lifetime ; `` his opportunistic politics made him a Liberal , Conservative , and uncrowned king . '' He was overthrown for the final time by the liberal Revolution of Ayutla in 1854 and lived most of his later years in exile .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0145ddf0c4c75cc411d37c625359c5f",
"text": "Architecture of Texas The architecture of the U.S. state of Texas comes from a wide variety of sources . Many of the state 's buildings reflect Texas ' Spanish and Mexican roots ; in addition , there is considerable influence from the American South as well as the Southwest . Rapid economic growth since the mid twentieth century has led to a wide variety of contemporary architectural buildings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd755fae61d170b8f18958d15acaaea8",
"text": "New Spain New Spain ( Nueva España ) was a colonial territory of the Spanish Empire , in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama . It was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 , and following additional conquests , it was made a viceroyalty ( Spanish : virreinato ) in 1535 . The first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas , it comprised Mexico , Central America , much of the Southwestern and Central United States , and Spanish Florida as well as the Philippines , Guam , Mariana and Caroline Islands . After 1535 the colony was governed by the Viceroy of New Spain , an appointed minister of the King of Spain , who ruled as monarch over the colony . The capital of New Spain was Mexico City . New Spain lost parts of its territory to other European powers and independence , but the core area remained under Spanish control until 1821 , when it achieved independence as the Mexican Empire -- when the latter dissolved , it became modern Mexico and Central America . It developed highly regional divisions , which reflect the impact of climate , topography , the presence or absence of dense indigenous populations , and the presence or absence of mineral resources . The areas of central and southern Mexico had dense indigenous populations with complex social , political , and economic organization . The northern area of Mexico , a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic indigenous populations , was not generally conducive to dense settlements , but the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the 1540s drew settlement there to exploit the mines . Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain , but vastly enriched Spain , and transformed the global economy . New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade , making the viceroyalty a vital link between Spain 's New World empire and its Asian empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d97671fa02a9aade3f5d989500236490",
"text": "Lone Star The Lone Star State is the official state nickname of Texas . Lone Star ( Lonestar or Lone Stars ) may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7aba7d18797570733a1d7b79a2ef67b4",
"text": "Texas Independence Day Texas Independence Day is the celebration of the adoption of the Texas Declaration of Independence on March 2 , 1836 . With this document signed by 59 delegates , settlers in Mexican Texas officially declared independence from Mexico and created the Republic of Texas . It is not , however , an official state holiday whereby offices are closed , but instead a `` partial staffing holiday '' ; state offices are required to be open on that day but with reduced staffing . Republic of Texas Timeline of the Texas Revolution San Jacinto Day",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d07ca56e75b1ace354098839a5810621",
"text": "Texas annexation The Texas annexation was the 1845 incorporation of the Republic of Texas into the United States of America , which was admitted to the Union as the 28th state on December 29 , 1845 . The Republic of Texas declared independence from the Republic of Mexico on March 2 , 1836 . At the time the vast majority of the Texian population favored the annexation of the Republic by the United States . The leadership of both major American political parties , the Democrats and the Whigs , opposed the introduction of Texas , a vast slave-holding region , into the volatile political climate of the pro- and anti-slavery sectional controversies in Congress . Moreover , they wished to avoid a war with Mexico , whose government refused to acknowledge the sovereignty of its rebellious northern province . With Texas 's economic fortunes declining by the early 1840s , the President of the Texas Republic , Sam Houston , arranged talks with Mexico to explore the possibility of securing official recognition of independence , with Great Britain mediating . In 1843 , U.S. President John Tyler , unaligned with any political party , decided independently to pursue the annexation of Texas in a bid to gain a base of popular support for another four years in office . His official motivation was to outmaneuver suspected diplomatic efforts by the British government for emancipation of slaves in Texas , which would undermine slavery in the United States . Through secret negotiations with the Houston administration , Tyler secured a treaty of annexation in April 1844 . When the documents were submitted to the US Senate for ratification , the details of the terms of annexation became public and the question of acquiring Texas took center stage in the presidential election of 1844 . Pro-Texas-annexation southern Democratic delegates denied their anti-annexation leader Martin Van Buren the nomination at their party 's convention in May 1844 . In alliance with pro-expansion northern Democratic colleagues , they secured the nomination of James K. Polk , who ran on a pro-Texas Manifest Destiny platform . In June 1844 , the Senate , with its Whig majority , soundly rejected the Tyler -- Texas treaty . The pro-annexation Democrat Polk narrowly defeated anti-annexation Whig Henry Clay in the November 1844 presidential election . In December 1844 , lame-duck President Tyler called on Congress to pass his treaty by simple majorities in each house . The Democratic-dominated House of Representatives complied with his request by passing an amended bill expanding on the pro-slavery provisions of the Tyler treaty . The Senate narrowly passed a compromise version of the House bill ( by the vote of the minority Democrats and several southern Whigs ) , designed to provide the incoming President-elect Polk the options of immediate annexation of Texas or new talks to revise the annexation terms of the House-amended bill . On March 1 , 1845 , President Tyler signed the annexation bill , and on March 3 ( his last day in office ) , he forwarded the House version to Texas , offering immediate annexation ( which preempted Polk ) . When Polk took office the next day , he encouraged Texas to accept the Tyler offer . Texas ratified the agreement with popular approval from Texans . The bill was signed by Polk on December 29 , 1845 , accepting Texas as the 28th state of the Union . Texas formally relinquished its sovereignty to the United States on February 19 , 1846 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad10c29148fc1fe1b1635dfb136e1786",
"text": "Timeline of Arizona The following is a timeline of the history of the area which today comprises the U.S. state of Arizona . Situated in the desert southwest , for millennia the area was home to a series of Pre-Columbian peoples . By 1 AD , the dominant groups in the area were the Hohokam , the Mogollon , and the Ancestral Puebloans ( also known as the Anasazi ) . The Hohokam dominated the center of the area which is now Arizona , the Mogollon the southeast , and the Puebloans the north and northeast . As these cultures disappeared between 1000 -- 1400 AD , other Indian groups settled in Arizona . These tribes included the Navajo , Apache , Southern Paiute , Hopi , Yavapai , Akimel O'odham , and the Tohono O'odham . The first European presence in the state were the Spanish . In 1539 Marcos de Niza explored the area , followed by Francisco Vásquez de Coronado the following year . Spanish missionaries began to settle in the southern portion of the state , near present-day Tucson , around 1700 , but did not move further north . With the construction of the Presidio San Augustin del Tucson , on August 20 , 1775 , Tucson became the first European city in what would become Arizona . In 1822 , Arizona became part of the state of Sonora , Mexico , but most of current Arizona was transferred to the United States as a result of the Mexican -- American War , with the rest transferring with the completion of the Gadsden Purchase in 1853 . During the American Civil War , both sides laid claim to Arizona , although the North and South split the New Mexico/Arizona area differently : the South split the territory into north and south divisions , creating Confederate Arizona , while the northern section remained part of the United States as the New Mexico Territory ; while the North in 1863 , after driving Confederate forces from the Tucson area , created the Arizona Territory from the New Mexico Territory by splitting off the western section . Prescott became the territory 's first capital , which would transfer to Tucson in 1867 , then back to Prescott in 1877 , before settling finally in Phoenix in 1889 . Arizona achieved statehood in 1912 , becoming the 48th state , with Phoenix remaining the capital of the new state . In the 1900s , the state , particularly the Phoenix Metropolitan area , has seen tremendous population growth . Phoenix currently ranks as the 6th most populous city in the nation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0242059d3179c1aa13aceef2251d286",
"text": "Childress, Texas Childress ( -LSB- ˈtʃɪldrᵻs -RSB- ) ( established 1887 ; incorporated 1890 ) is a city in Childress County , Texas , United States . The population was 6,905 at the 2010 census . It is the county seat of Childress County . The city and county were named in honor of George Campbell Childress , a native of Nashville , Tennessee , who was the principal author of the Texas Declaration of Independence . The county and city were incorporated more than four decades after Childress 's death . In December 2015 , the Seattle Post-Intelligencer voted Childress ninth among the ten `` most conservative '' cities in the United States in regard to political contributions . Other West Texas communities in the most conservative lineup are Hereford ( No. 1 ) , Monahans ( No. 5 ) , and Dalhart in Dallam County in the far northwestern Texas Panhandle ( No. 8 ) . Princeton in Collin County north of Dallas ranked No. 2 . In contrast , El Cerrito , California , was named the `` most liberal '' city in the nation in terms of political donations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b9502288d836827ee3d5e5a8fee16d9",
"text": "Council of the Indies The Council of the Indies ; officially , the Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies '' ' ( Real y Supremo Consejo de Indias , -LSB- reˈal i suˈpɾemo konˈsexo ðe ˈindjas -RSB- ) , was the most important administrative organ of the Spanish Empire for the Americas and the Philippines . The crown held absolute power over the Indies and the Council of the Indies was the administrative and advisory body for those overseas realms . It was established in 1524 by Charles V of Spain to administer `` the Indies , '' Spain 's name for its territories . Such an administrative entity , on the conciliar model of the Council of Castile , was created following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec empire in 1521 , which demonstrated the importance of the Americas . It start as a section under the jurisdiction of the Council of Castile , but was then established as an autonomous body with legislative , executive and judicial functions . The Council of the Indies was abolished in 1812 by the Cádiz Cortes , briefly restored in 1814 by Ferdinand VII of Spain , and definitively abolished in 1834 by the regency , acting on behalf of the four-year-old Isabella II of Spain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1aa0525c0bad349fd707caa86a01b0d",
"text": "Anti-Mexican sentiment Anti-Mexican sentiment is a negative attitude to people of Mexican descent , Mexican culture and/or accents of Mexican Spanish most commonly found in the United States . In general it is closely associated with Mexican and United States Independence wars , and the struggle over Southwestern territories that once belonged to Spain through the establishment of building Catholic Missions . This eventually would lead to war between the two nations and the defeat of Mexico which came with a great loss of territory . In the 20th century , anti-Mexican sentiment continued to grow after the Zimmermann Telegram incident between the Mexican government during the Mexican Revolution and the German Empire during World War I , . Most of all , anti-Mexican sentiment in the USA stemmed from perception that blame Mexicans for illegal immigration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95a8afd622ded98bf8fdc0fb67a781dd",
"text": "Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas The Supreme Court of the Republic of Texas was the court of last resort for legal matters in the Republic of Texas from the Republic 's independence from Mexico in 1836 until its annexation by the United States of America in 1845 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49e3023260513f9eb0f8d42f8d8e582d",
"text": "Colonization Colonization ( or colonisation ) is a process by which a central system of power dominates the surrounding land and its components . The term is derived from the Latin word colere , which means `` to inhabit '' . Also , colonization refers strictly to migration , for example , to settler colonies in America or Australia , trading posts , and plantations , while colonialism deals with this , along with ruling the existing indigenous peoples of styled `` new territories '' . Colonization was linked to the spread of tens of millions from Western European states all over the world . In many settled colonies , Western European settlers formed a large majority of the population . Examples include the Americas , Australia and New Zealand . These colonies were occasionally called ` neo-Europes ' . In other places , Western European settlers formed minority groups , who were often dominant in their places of settlement . When Britain started to settle Australia , New Zealand and various other smaller islands , they often regarded the landmasses as terra nullius . Terra nullius meaning 'em pty land ' in Latin . Due to the absence of European farming techniques , the land was deemed unaltered by man and therefore treated as uninhabited , despite the presence of indigenous populations . In the 19th century , laws and ideas such as Mexico 's General Colonization Law and the United States ' Manifest destiny encouraged further colonization of the Americas .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
92d125b489406092fbcc07e6f4999a1b | Teen Wolf's sixth season premiered. | [
{
"docid": "0c5892fec0693a1570892b034f4e6f02",
"text": "Teen Wolf (2011 TV series) Teen Wolf is an American television series developed by Jeff Davis for MTV . It is loosely based on the 1985 film of the same name , and stars Tyler Posey as a teenager named Scott McCall , who is bitten by a werewolf and must cope with how it affects his life and the lives of those closest to him , and Dylan O'Brien as `` Stiles '' Stilinski , Scott 's best friend . The series has received generally positive reviews from critics and is a fan favorite on social media . Teen Wolf premiered on June 5 , 2011 , following the 2011 MTV Movie Awards . On July 9 , 2015 , Teen Wolf was renewed for a sixth season of 20 episodes , which premiered on November 15 , 2016 . On July 21 , 2016 , the cast announced at Comic Con that the sixth season would be the series ' final .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "88ffd9ff0fe412761331451d78f58240",
"text": "Game of Thrones (season 6) The sixth season of the fantasy drama television series Game of Thrones premiered on HBO on April 24 , 2016 , and concluded on June 26 , 2016 . It consists of ten episodes , each of approximately 50 -- 60 minutes , largely of original content not found in George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series . Some material is adapted from the upcoming sixth novel The Winds of Winter and the fourth and fifth novels , A Feast for Crows and A Dance with Dragons . The series was adapted for television by David Benioff and D. B. Weiss . HBO ordered the season on April 8 , 2014 , together with the fifth season , which began filming in July 2015 primarily in Northern Ireland , Spain , Croatia , Iceland and Canada . Each episode cost over $ 10 million . The season follows the continuing struggle between the Starks and other noble families of Westeros for the Iron Throne . The Starks defeat the Bolton forces in battle , and Jon Snow is proclaimed the King in the North . Tyrion attempts to rule Meereen while Daenerys is held captive by a Dothraki tribe . At King 's Landing , the Tyrell army attempts to liberate Margaery and Loras , but Margaery capitulates to the High Sparrow , who becomes more powerful by influencing King Tommen . At her trial , Cersei burns the Great Sept , killing her rivals , while Tommen kills himself . Unopposed , Cersei is crowned Queen of Westeros . Ellaria Sand and three of Oberyn Martell 's daughters kill Doran and Trystane Martell and seize control of Dorne , and Olenna discusses an alliance with Ellaria . In Essos , Daenerys Targaryen is captured by Khal Moro who takes her before the khals ; she burns them alive and takes command of the Dothraki . Game of Thrones features a large ensemble cast , including Peter Dinklage , Nikolaj Coster-Waldau , Lena Headey , Emilia Clarke and Kit Harington . The season introduced new cast members , including Max von Sydow , Pilou Asbæk and James Faulkner . Critics praised its production values , writing , plot development , and cast . Game of Thrones received most nominations for the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards , with 23 nominations , and won twelve , including that for Outstanding Drama Series for the second year in a row . U.S. viewership rose compared to the previous season , and by approximately 13 % over its course , from 7.9 million to 8.9 million by the finale .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f5eff654917e01fb31f513bb6069576",
"text": "Sixth Family Sixth Family is a term used to refer to a ( usually Italian-American or Italian-Canadian ) crime family or criminal organization that has become powerful or notable enough to rise to a level comparable or close to that of the Five Families of the New York City Italian-American Mafia . The implications of the term may vary depending on context ; a criminal organization deemed a `` Sixth Family '' may rival the Five Families or , alternatively , work closely enough with the Five Families that it appears to be a peer or near coequal of the families .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f0da59b56a73eca173104ea6ca0a506",
"text": "Shameless (season 6) The sixth season of Shameless , an American comedy-drama television series based on the award-winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott , premiered on January 10 , 2016 , concluded April 3 , 2016 . Executive producers are John Wells , Andrew Stearn , Nancy M. Pimental , Davey Holmes , Christopher Chulack , Krista Vernoff and producers Terri Murphy and Princess Nash .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "439a58a3f98129599a7e2fcecd747779",
"text": "Mythology of Teen Wolf The mythology of the MTV supernatural action drama series Teen Wolf follows a teenager named Scott McCall ( Tyler Posey ) , who is bitten by an Alpha werewolf and must cope with how it affects his life and the lives of those closest to him and Dylan O'Brien as `` Stiles '' Stilinski , Scott 's best friend . Most mythological elements in Teen Wolf relate to supernatural creatures and draws heavily from Greek mythology , Norse mythology , Japanese mythology , Aztec mythology , Native American beliefs and Celtic herbalism . The show has created its own unique mythos centered around shapeshifters and their connections to one-another throughout the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa31bb7cb0f31b958f409274efb38aab",
"text": "Wizards of Waverly Place Wizards of Waverly Place is an American fantasy teen sitcom which ran from October 12 , 2007 to January 6 , 2012 on Disney Channel . The series was created by Todd J. Greenwald , and stars Selena Gomez , David Henrie and Jake T. Austin as three wizard siblings with magical abilities competing to win sole custody of the family powers . Further main cast includes Jennifer Stone , Maria Canals Barrera , and David DeLuise . The series won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards in 2009 . A film adaptation of the series , Wizards of Waverly Place : The Movie , premiered as a Disney Channel Original Movie on August 28 , 2009 . The film adaptation won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 62nd Primetime Emmy Awards earning the series its second consecutive Emmy . The farewell season won `` Outstanding Children 's Program '' at the 64th Primetime Emmy Awards bringing the franchise 's total to three Emmy awards . Wizards of Waverly Place ended with 106 episodes over four seasons , surpassing That 's So Raven . Its series finale averaged nearly 10 million viewers ( live and total views on same day ) , which made that episode the most-watched series finale in Disney Channel 's history . On March 15 , 2013 , The Wizards Return : Alex vs. Alex premiered as a one-hour television special .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8be68eac85dfa9c3f1a99993b54ff1f1",
"text": "Mini (Skins series 6) `` Mini '' is the fifth episode of the sixth series of the British teen drama Skins . It premiered on E4 in the UK on 20 February 2012 . The episode is told from the point of view of character Mini McGuinness . Mini 's hates her mum 's pervy new live-in boyfriend , and to make matters worse , Alo has broken the rules of their ` no strings attached ' secret relationship and declared his love for her . Mini feels trapped ; she 's lost control of her life and needs to get away . Ignoring advice from her mum and Liv , she seeks refuge with her dad , who 's never been around that much , but promises it 'll be different this time . He sweeps Mini into his glamorous and grown-up world where she feels a million miles away from her problems , but Mini has a bigger problem that she ca n't run away from and will ultimately have to face on her own .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "517b1e85f6ab89ef986cc912cd515185",
"text": "Movin' Out (Glee) `` Movin ' Out '' is the sixth episode of the fifth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the ninety-fourth episode overall . It was written by Roberto Aguirre-Sacasa and directed by Brad Falchuk , and it aired on Fox in the United States on November 21 , 2013 . The episode is a tribute to the music of Billy Joel , and features seven of his songs . The episode features special guest star Tyra Banks as Bichette , the head of a modeling agency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "516df54bb65254115a160dbf7a294253",
"text": "Child Star (Glee) `` Child Star '' is the ninth episode of the sixth season of the American musical television series Glee , and the 117th overall . The episode was written by Ned Martel , directed by supervising producer Michael Hitchcock , and first aired on February 27 , 2015 on Fox in the United States . The episode takes place as New Directions are hired by a young boy to perform at his bar mitzvah party , but he turns out to cause all sorts of problems . Meanwhile , Mason McCarthy is developing feelings for Jane Hayward but runs into issues with his sister Madison McCarthy , and Roderick helps Spencer Porter to begin a new relationship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3224c4b78139d356b39a7ff6f7e357b7",
"text": "Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew Celebrity Rehab with Dr. Drew , later called simply Rehab with Dr. Drew , is a reality television show that aired on the cable network VH1 in which many of the episodes chronicle a group of well-known people as they are treated for alcohol and drug addiction by Dr. Drew Pinsky and his staff at the Pasadena Recovery Center in Pasadena , California . The first five seasons of the series , on which Pinsky also serves as executive producer , cast celebrities struggling with addiction , with the first season premiering on January 10 , 2008 , and the fifth airing in 2011 . The sixth season , which filmed in early 2012 , featured non-celebrities as treatment subjects , and the series name shortened to Rehab with Dr. Drew . Season 6 premiered on September 16 , 2012 . In May 2013 , Pinsky announced that season six was the final season , explaining that he was tired of the criticism leveled at him after celebrities he treated had relapsed into addiction and died .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f5da7ea2fc10b46bc33f920711a034a",
"text": "List of Scream episodes Scream is an American slasher horror television series developed by Jill Blotevogel , Dan Dworkin and Jay Beattie for MTV and is based on the slasher film series of the same name created by Kevin Williamson . The series premiered of June 30 , 2015 , following the airing of the second episode of the fifth season of Teen Wolf , to mixed reviews from critics , though it has slowly earned a strong fan base throughout its run . As of October 18 , 2016 , 24 episodes of Scream have aired , concluding the second season . Following the airing of the second season finale , it was announced that a two-hour Halloween special would air on October 18 , 2016 . On October 14 , 2016 , MTV renewed the series for a third season to consist of 6 episodes , which will premiere in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0f8bb3e0e7746aa243e40f432600dc8",
"text": "List of Reborn! episodes (season 6) The sixth season of the Reborn ! anime series is a compilation of episodes that broadcast episodes 141 to 153 between July 11 , 2009 and October 3 , 2009 on TV Tokyo . Titled as Katekyō Hitman Reborn ! in Japan , the Japanese television series is directed by Kenichi Imaizumi , and produced and animated by Artland . The plot , based on the Reborn ! manga by Akira Amano , follows Tsuna Sawada , the future boss of the infamous Vongola Mafia family and his friends as they return to the past to complete the Arcobaleno trials . This season is titled Arcobaleno in the DVD release . Two pieces of theme music are used for the season : one openings and one ending theme . The opening theme is `` Easy Go '' by Kazuki Kato and the ending theme is by Mori Tsubasa . Marvelous Entertainment released season six on three DVD compilations between February 26 , 2010 and April 30 , 2010 . On March 21 , 2009 , Japan 's d-rights production company collabor anime-streaming website called Crunchyroll in order to begin streaming subbed episodes of the Japanese-dubbed series worldwide . New episodes are available to everyone a week after its airing in Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a28236cbd09a75733f2286ebcaeb2dbc",
"text": "Teen Mom 3 Teen Mom 3 was an American reality television series that premiered on August 26 , 2013 , on MTV and concluded its run on November 18 , 2013 . It chronicles the lives of four girls from the fourth season of 16 and Pregnant as they navigate their first year of motherhood and changing social relationships . The series was announced on February 27 , 2012 , as the third installment of the Teen Mom franchise , coming one day before Teen Mom 2 concluded its second season . In December 2013 , it was revealed by the cast , via Twitter , that Teen Mom 3 had been canceled after one season . In March 2017 , it was announced that cast member Briana DeJesus would join the Teen Mom 2 cast for the eighth season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de2e8be5f5c03ad22d7b756863088050",
"text": "Season of Storms Season of Storms ( Polish original title : Sezon burz ) is the sixth novel and eighth overall book in the Witcher series written by Polish fantasy writer Andrzej Sapkowski , first published in Poland in 2013 . It is not a sequel to the original Witcher Saga , but rather is set between the short stories in the first book in the series , The Last Wish . The novel is yet to be published in English . However , Fox Children , the second installment of The Witcher comic book series published by Dark Horse Comics , is based on one of the chapters of Season of Storms . On May 19 , 2017 , it was announced that Orbit ( US ) and Gollancz ( UK ) would publish the book , with translations by David French . The book is scheduled for publication in May 2018 in hardcover format in the US and paperback format in the UK . It will also be available in both territories as an e-book and audiobook .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63156b01397d1948ce104dba6d811a7f",
"text": "Real World Seattle: Bad Blood Real World Seattle : Bad Blood is the thirty-second season of MTV 's reality television series Real World , which focuses on a group of diverse strangers living together for several months in a different city each season as cameras document their lives and interpersonal relationships . It is the ninth season to be filmed in the Pacific States region of the United States , specifically in Washington , and is also the third season to be filmed in the Pacific Northwest after The Real World : Portland . The season featured a total of fourteen people , consisting of seven original roommates and seven additional permanent roommates who lived in the Capitol Hill neighborhood of Seattle , Washington . This season follows a twist from the past three seasons . It is the tenth season to take place in a city that had hosted a previous season , as the show 's seventh season was set in Seattle in 1998 . Seattle was first reported as the location for the thirty-second season by the website Vevmo on May 22 , 2016 . Production began on June 30 , and concluded on August 27 , 2016 totaling up to 58 days of filming . The season premiered on October 12 of that year on MTV and the MTV app , and concluded with the season finale on January 4 , 2017 , consisting of 12 episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d279f78d3b29f0e4b4ef90f0893eb9d",
"text": "The Vampire Diaries The Vampire Diaries is an American supernatural drama television series developed by Kevin Williamson and Julie Plec , based on the popular book series of the same name written by L. J. Smith . The series premiered on The CW on September 10 , 2009 and concluded on March 10 , 2017 , airing 171 episodes over eight seasons . The pilot episode attracted the largest audience for The CW of any series premiere since the network began in 2006 . The first season averaged 3.60 million viewers . It was the most-watched series on the network before being supplanted by Arrow . The show has received numerous award nominations , winning four People 's Choice Award and many Teen Choice Awards . On April 26 , 2013 , The CW officially announced that the spin-off The Originals , which focuses on the Original family of vampires , had been ordered to series , and the show began airing during the 2013 -- 14 American television season . On April 6 , 2015 , lead actress Nina Dobrev confirmed via Instagram that she and co-star Michael Trevino ( who plays Tyler Lockwood ) would be leaving the show after its sixth season . Dobrev returned to record a voiceover for the seventh-season finale . Trevino appeared as a guest star in season seven and returned for season 8 . On March 11 , 2016 , The CW renewed the series for an eighth season , but on July 23 , 2016 , announced that the eighth season , which would have 16 episodes , would be the show 's last . The final season began airing on October 21 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4140e705522adbb6520bc4d344626205",
"text": "Degrassi (season 14) The fourteenth and final season of Degrassi , a Canadian serial teen drama television series , premiered on October 28 , 2014 . Although only four school years have passed in the story timeline since season six , season fourteen is set during the final weeks of the spring semester in the years it aired . Writers have been able to use a semi-floating timeline , so that the issues depicted are modern for their viewers . This season again depicts the lives of a group of high school freshmen , sophomores , juniors , seniors and graduates as they deal with some of the challenges and issues that teenagers face such as teenage pregnancy , dysfunctional families , sexism , arson , sexting , sexual identity , miscarriages , anxiety disorders , drug use , child abuse , abstinence , and gang violence . The fourteenth season was announced on November 13 , 2013 . However , MTV Canada and TeenNick did not announce picking up the season until a month before the first episode was scheduled to air . Filming for the season commenced on April 11 , 2014 at Epitome Studios in Toronto . Filming continued into August , with a break before filming the final four episodes of the season in order to give Epitome the opportunity to start filming episodes for the first season of their new series . Filming for this season completed on October 6 , 2014 . On June 4 , 2015 , it was announced that Degrassi would no longer air on TeenNick or MTV Canada following the fourteenth season . However , on June 9 , 2015 , it was announced that Family Channel and Netflix had picked up the series and will air 20 new episodes in 2016 , renaming the show Degrassi : Next Class . This season featured the telenovela/soap opera format used in previous seasons , airing new episodes five days a week for the last two weeks of the season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "428b10dd0438c60c4a4b728cb82d3674",
"text": "Teen drama A teen drama is a genre or type of drama series with a major focus on teenage and young adult characters . It came into prominence in the early 1990s , especially with the popularity of the Fox series Beverly Hills , 90210 . After 90210 became a success , television writers and producers realized the potential for this new genre to reach out to a previously ignored demographic . In the past , most series that maintained a focus on teenagers had been sitcoms , while adolescents in drama series were usually part of a larger ensemble that included adults and children . More often than not , teen dramas have soap opera elements , incorporating one or more ongoing story arcs spanning several episodes . The young characters must deal with the dramatic ups and downs of their friendships and romances while facing an array of issues thought to be typical of adolescence . There have also been many successful teen-based series with major science fiction , fantasy and action/adventure themes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ef4aa4782f2041b074d1bfdf2d71560",
"text": "Parenthood (season 6) The sixth and final season of the American television series Parenthood premiered on September 25 , 2014 and concluded on January 29 , 2015 . The season order consists of 13 episodes . As part of the budget cuts made by NBC so that the series would have a sixth season , none of the main cast members appear in every episode . The season five budget was reportedly $ 3.5 million per episode , but the season six budget was only $ 3 million per episode .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67513a3afb1ba61bea3e7a143881ab09",
"text": "Law & Order: Trial by Jury Law & Order : Trial by Jury is an American television drama about criminal trials set in New York City . It was the fourth series in Wolf 's successful Law & Order franchise . The show 's almost exclusive focus was on the criminal trial of the accused , showing both the prosecution 's and defense 's preparation for trial , as well as the trial itself . The series premiered on Thursday , March 3 , 2005 , and ended on January 21 , 2006 . Its regular time slot was Fridays 10/9 p.m. ET on NBC . The last episode aired on Court TV months after the series ' cancellation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41ccba2ffc8cae2ba716f79eb9297a3f",
"text": "America First (Homeland) `` America First '' is the sixth season finale of the American television drama series Homeland , and the 72nd episode overall . It premiered on Showtime on April 9 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f924edffef376fb2c44934dff74cc2f4 | Michael Keaton does not play a Marvel Comic super villain. | [
{
"docid": "3f5ee136bd3d47b6aaebce48f6977c91",
"text": "Michael Keaton Michael John Douglas ( born September 5 , 1951 ) , known professionally as Michael Keaton , is an American actor , producer and director . He first rose to fame for his comedic film roles in Night Shift ( 1982 ) , Mr. Mom ( 1983 ) , Johnny Dangerously ( 1984 ) and Beetlejuice ( 1988 ) , and he earned further acclaim for his dramatic portrayal of the title character in Tim Burton 's Batman ( 1989 ) and Batman Returns ( 1992 ) . Since then , he has appeared in a variety of films ranging from dramas and romantic comedies to thriller and action films ; such as Clean and Sober ( 1988 ) , The Dream Team ( 1989 ) , Pacific Heights ( 1990 ) , Much Ado About Nothing ( 1993 ) , My Life ( 1993 ) , The Paper ( 1994 ) , Multiplicity ( 1996 ) , Jackie Brown ( 1997 ) , Herbie : Fully Loaded ( 2005 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) , Need for Speed ( 2014 ) , RoboCop ( 2014 ) , Spotlight ( 2015 ) and The Founder ( 2016 ) , and he has also provided voices for characters in animated films such as Cars ( 2006 ) , Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) and Minions ( 2015 ) . In 2017 , Keaton will play the role of Marvel Comics supervillain the Vulture in Spider-Man : Homecoming . Keaton 's lead performance in Birdman or ( The Unexpected Virtue of Ignorance ) ( 2014 ) earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , the Critics ' Choice Award for Best Actor and Best Actor in a Comedy , and nominations for the Screen Actors Guild Award , British Academy Film Award , and Academy Award for Best Actor . He previously received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his performance in Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) and a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for The Company ( 2007 ) . Keaton was awarded a Career Achievement Award from both the Hollywood Film Festival and Zurich Film Festivals . On January 18 , 2016 , he was named Officer of Order of Arts and Letters in France . He is also a visiting scholar at Carnegie Mellon University . </span>",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "cddc20dd18f3e8b71a33154c48dcda9d",
"text": "Galactus Galactus is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Formerly a mortal man , Galactus is a cosmic entity who originally consumed planets to sustain his life force , and serves a functional role in the upkeep of the primary Marvel continuity . Galactus was created by Stan Lee and Jack Kirby and first appeared in the comic book Fantastic Four # 48 , published in March 1966 . Lee and Kirby had desired to introduce a character that broke away from the archetype of the standard villain , culminating in the creation of Galactus . In the character 's first appearance Galactus was depicted as a god-like figure who feeds by draining living planets of their energy , and operates without regard to the morality and judgements of mortal beings . Galactus ' initial origin was that of a space explorer named Galan who gained cosmic abilities by passing near a star , but writer Mark Gruenwald further developed the origin of the character , revealing that Galan lived during the previous universe . As Galan 's universe came to an end , Galan merged with the `` Sentience of the Universe '' to become Galactus , an entity that wielded such cosmic power as to require devouring entire planets to sustain his existence . Additional material written by John Byrne , Jim Starlin , and Louise Simonson explored Galactus ' role and purpose in the Marvel Universe , and examined the actions of the character through themes of genocide , manifest destiny , ethics , and natural/necessary existence . Frequently accompanied by a herald ( such as the Silver Surfer ) , the character has appeared as both antagonist and protagonist in central and supporting roles . Since debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , Galactus has played a role in over five decades of Marvel continuity . The character has been featured in other Marvel media , such as arcade games , video games , animated television series , and the 2007 film Fantastic Four : Rise of the Silver Surfer . In 2009 , Galactus ranked 5th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Villains '' , citing the character 's `` larger than life presence '' as making him one of the more important villains ever created . IGN also noted `` Galactus is one of the few villains on our list to really defy the definition of an evil-doer '' as the character is compelled to destroy worlds because of his hunger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50dc70bdc3c19b7f66c8e4ccf94ccdfa",
"text": "Hammerhead (comics) Hammerhead is a fictional supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . He is primarily an enemy of Spider-Man and a member of organized crime who exists in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe . He is closely associated with the Hammerhead `` Family '' , a Maggia crime family . Hammerhead distinguishes himself from other villains in that he dresses up and acts somewhat like a gangster from the 1920s . Due to an injury he suffered , much of his skull was replaced with an unbendable steel alloy by Jonas Harrow , giving his head a flattened shape .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a4994211af3096a392463c6bae114f4",
"text": "Ghost Rider Ghost Rider is the name of several fictional supernatural antiheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Marvel had previously used the name for a Western character whose name was later changed to Phantom Rider . The first supernatural Ghost Rider is stunt motorcyclist Johnny Blaze , who , in order to save the life of his father , agreed to give his soul to `` Satan '' ( later revealed to be an arch-demon named Mephisto ) . At night and when around evil , Blaze finds his flesh consumed by hellfire , causing his head to become a flaming skull . He rides a fiery motorcycle and wields blasts of hellfire from his body , usually from his skeletal hands . He eventually learns he has been bonded with the demon Zarathos . Blaze starred in the series from 1972 to 1983 . The subsequent Ghost Rider series ( 1990 -- 1998 ) featured Danny Ketch as a new Ghost Rider . After his sister was injured by ninja gangsters , Ketch came in contact with a motorcycle that had somehow been mystically enchanted to contain the essence of a Spirit of Vengeance . Blaze reappeared in this 1990s series as a supporting character , and it was later revealed that Danny and his sister were Johnny Blaze 's long lost siblings . In 2000s comics , Blaze again became the Ghost Rider , succeeding Ketch . In 2013 , Robbie Reyes became Ghost Rider as part of the Marvel NOW ! initiative . Nicolas Cage starred as the Johnny Blaze iteration of the character in the 2007 film Ghost Rider and the sequel Ghost Rider : Spirit of Vengeance in 2012 . Gabriel Luna plays the Robbie Reyes version in the television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d49a128a07a8c4ed7b5bda0a6fcd21d",
"text": "Masters of the Universe: The Movie Masters of the Universe : The Movie is an action-adventure game developed by Gremlin Graphics , and published in 1987 . It is based on the American film Masters of the Universe ( 1987 ) , directed by Gary Goddard . The film and the game are part of the Masters of the Universe media franchise . A promotional photo of Dolph Lundgren as He-Man and Frank Langella as Skeletor illustrates the video game packaging . The MSX version of the game is titled Masters of the Universe . Two other Masters of the Universe video games were published in the same year : Masters of the Universe : The Arcade Game and Masters of the Universe : The Super Adventure .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96755d5fbc3315f0d7c6c2a2a5cf7c88",
"text": "Krypton (comics) Krypton , a planet appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . The planet is the native world of Superman and is named after the element krypton , which is abundant in its atmosphere . The planet was created by Jerry Siegel and Joe Shuster , and was first referred to in Action Comics # 1 ( June 1938 ) . The planet made its first full appearance in Superman # 1 ( Summer 1939 ) . Krypton is also the native world of Supergirl , Krypto the Superdog , and Power Girl ( in her case , an alternate-universe version designated `` Krypton-Two '' ) . It has been consistently described as having been destroyed shortly after Superman 's flight from the planet , although the exact details of its destruction vary by time period and writers . Kryptonians were the dominant species on Krypton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8d83dcbee01fb8584a46c1bdd81f9f0",
"text": "Peter Corbeau Peter Corbeau is a fictional character that appears in Marvel Comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56f51fdca4da100d380a5f52af4594ac",
"text": "Red Guardian The Red Guardian ( Russian : Красный хранитель , Krasnij Khranitel ) is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Red Guardian is an identity that was created as the Soviet equivalent of Captain America ; since the fall of the Soviet Union , the name is no longer officially used , though at least two people have claimed the name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c75f70c32ea54b77cbe77e2ae3ad18a",
"text": "Captain Marvel (Marvel Comics) Captain Marvel is the name of several fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Most of these versions exist in Marvel 's main shared universe , known as the Marvel Universe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b8da7ae6398eaaceceeba1bc5d3bf6f",
"text": "List of Batman Family adversaries The Batman Family adversaries or the rogues gallery are a collective of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . These characters are depicted as adversaries of the superhero Batman and his allies . Since Batman first appeared in Detective Comics # 27 ( May 1939 ) , his supporting cast has expanded to include other superheroes , and has become what is now informally called the Batman Family . As with most superheroes , a cast of recurring enemies to the Batman Family have been introduced throughout the decades , collectively referred to as the rogues gallery . Many characters from Batman 's rogues gallery who are criminally insane become patients at Arkham Asylum after they are apprehended . The Batman Family 's rogues gallery has widely been well received , considered by many journalists to be one of the greatest superhero rogues galleries in all of comics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "788f00e7c18db1dd23ed82c4f7ad92bb",
"text": "W'Kabi W'Kabi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . W'Kabi will appear in the upcoming film Black Panther , portrayed by Daniel Kaluuya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbdf564ca2264907ce793fef0385720d",
"text": "The New Avengers (comics) The New Avengers is a fictional team of superheroes appearing in comic books published by Marvel Comics . The title has been used for four American comic book series . The first two were written by Brian Michael Bendis and depicted a version of Marvel 's premiere superhero team , the Avengers . The third was written by Jonathan Hickman and depicted a group of characters called the Illuminati ( formerly introduced in New Avengers Vol . 1 # 7 -LSB- July 2005 -RSB- ) . The fourth is written by Al Ewing and depicts the former scientific terrorist group A.I.M. , reformed as `` Avengers Idea Mechanics '' , whose field team has appropriated the name `` New Avengers '' for itself .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a50b22207e0c61177d5cd2627f3791e9",
"text": "Klaatu (comics) Klaatu is a fictional Marvel Comics alien . He first appeared in The Incredible Hulk vol . 2 # 136-137 ( Feb - Mar 1971 ) , a two-part story which credits Roy Thomas as sole writer , but was in fact scripted by Thomas over a plot by Gerry Conway and Herb Trimpe . Klaatu 's character was a thinly veiled pastiche of Moby Dick . Moby Dick is considered to be a symbol of a number of things , among them God , nature , fate , the ocean , and the very universe itself . The name Klaatu was borrowed from the central character of The Day the Earth Stood Still .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b12085c0c5d7c644373a582d874000d",
"text": "Mega Man (Archie Comics) Mega Man is a comic series produced by Archie Comics which was announced at New York Comic Con 2010 . The series began publication in April 2011 with Ian Flynn , who has written many stories for Archie 's Sonic the Hedgehog series , involved with the production . The series has proved highly successful , and in 2013 a crossover took place between the Mega Man and Sonic series , under the title `` Worlds Collide . '' The series does not follow the events of the games in exact order , including an adaptation of the Japanese exclusive game Super Adventure Rockman between those of Mega Man 2 and Mega Man 3 . The series later included a few stories set in the time of the Mega Man X series . The popularity of Worlds Collide subsequently led to a second crossover with the Sonic series , Worlds Unite . The series went on an indefinite hiatus after issue 55 , concluding with setup for an adaptation of Mega Man 4 . The series is also notable for the artistic liberties taken with various characters . Shadow Man of Mega Man 3 and the Stardroids of Mega Man V are both featured as creations of Ra Moon , the primary antagonist from Super Adventure Rockman , and all are featured as foes of a group of robots based on Mega Man 8 character Duo . Mega Man and Proto Man 's Japanese names-Rock and Blues-are adapted as the names for their civilian forms . Several Robot Masters also appear in the series earlier than they did in the games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02f97053dedc9db3bab15f5e024ba28d",
"text": "Man Mountain Marko Man Mountain Marko ( Michael Marko ) is a Marvel Comics supervillain . Marko was and remains an affiliate of numerous organized-crime entities in the Marvel universe , including the Maggia . He was allied with Silvermane , Caesar Cicero , Eel I , and Nightshade . His most frequent enemies are Spider-Man , Power Man , Iron Fist , Thunderbolt , and Boomerang . He appears to have no relation to Cain Marko , seen in various Marvel titles as the Juggernaut , despite similarities in surname , physique and superpowers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fdd3bd713870daffb45238de1578fcd",
"text": "Reaper (Marvel Comics) Reaper is the name of several fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character known most notably as the Reaper whose real name is Pantu Hurageb , a mutant in the X-Force comic book series . He has been a villain in the main Marvel Universe but a hero in the Ultraverse .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "caec9e7da0436884672b9b6678971417",
"text": "Man-Ape Man-Ape ( M'Baku ) is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a frequent enemy of the Black Panther .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18c0d84fb778741b9d2ae95ac24ee7a2",
"text": "Batman: Mask of the Phantasm Batman : Mask of the Phantasm ( also known as Batman : The Animated Movie ) is a 1993 American animated neo-noir superhero mystery film feauring the DC Comics character Batman . Directed by Eric Radomski and Bruce Timm , it is based on the hit TV series Batman : The Animated Series and was distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . The film was written by Alan Burnett , Paul Dini , Martin Pasko and Michael Reaves and stars the vocal talents of Kevin Conroy , Mark Hamill and Efrem Zimbalist , Jr. ( all reprising their roles from The Animated Series ) , in addition to Dana Delany , Hart Bochner , Stacy Keach , and Abe Vigoda . It revolves around Batman attempting to apprehend a mysterious vigilante who 's murdering Gotham City 's crime bosses . The film was originally thought of as a direct-to-video release . Warner Bros. ultimately decided for a theatrical release , giving the filmmakers a strenuous eight-month schedule . Mask of the Phantasm was released on December 25 , 1993 to widespread acclaim from critics , who praised the animation , voice performances , storyline and music , among others . However , due to the decision to release the film in theaters on such short notice , it failed at the box office . After its release on home video , the film found cult success and over the years developed a cult following . The film 's success led to two direct-to-video standalone sequels , Batman & Mr. Freeze : SubZero in 1997 and Mystery of the Batwoman in 2003 . In recent years , many publications including Time , IGN and WhatCulture , have ranked it as one of the best Batman films ever made and among the best animated films ever made .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "005fcfeded2126443baa8f01b805f130",
"text": "Dark Angel (Marvel Comics) Dark Angel is the name used by two fictional characters appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . They have appeared in publications by Marvel UK , though they have no other relation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34a77e4e06bc550de2a460d466684f73",
"text": "Nitro (comics) Nitro is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Nitro is known by comic fans for playing a part in the death of the Kree superhero Mar-Vell . He is also best known for being part of the tragedy that started off Marvel 's Civil War crossover .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a9f2b491c92f4f072177cb5b0ea79c4",
"text": "Captain Marvel (Mar-Vell) Captain Marvel ( Mar-Vell ) is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character was created by writer-editor Stan Lee and designed by artist Gene Colan and first appeared in Marvel Super-Heroes # 12 ( December 1967 ) . The character debuted during the Silver Age of comic books and has made many appearances since then , including a self-titled series and the second volume of the Marvel Spotlight series . Captain Marvel was ranked 24th in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' and has appeared in television series and video games .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f195e1a265e79ba3f852596f8e48e32e | 25 was released in 2013. | [
{
"docid": "969f1b4781c1d9c5c9b572220916edcf",
"text": "25 (Adele album) 25 is the third studio album by British singer and songwriter Adele . It was released on 20 November 2015 , through XL Recordings . Following the release and international success of her second studio album 21 . Titled as a reflection of her life and frame of mind at 25 years old , 25 is a `` make-up record '' . The album 's lyrical content features themes of Adele `` yearning for her old self , her nostalgia '' , and `` melancholia about the passage of time '' according to an interview with the singer by Rolling Stone , as well as themes of motherhood and regret . In contrast to Adele 's previous works , the production of 25 incorporated the use of electronic elements and creative rhythmic patterns , with elements of 1980s R&B and organs . Like 21 , Adele worked with producer and songwriter Paul Epworth and Ryan Tedder , along with new collaborations with Max Martin and Shellback , Greg Kurstin , Danger Mouse , the Smeezingtons , Samuel Dixon , and Tobias Jesso Jr. . 25 received generally positive reviews from music critics , who commended Adele 's vocal performance and the album 's production . The album was a massive commercial success , debuting at number one in more than 25 markets and broke first-week sales records in multiple countries , including the United Kingdom and United States ; in the US , the album sold 3.38 million copies in its first week of release , marking the largest single-week sales for an album since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking point-of-sale music purchases in 1991 . 25 eventually became the world 's best-selling album of 2015 with 17.4 million copies sold within the year , and has sold 20 million copies as of June 2016 , making it one of the best selling albums worldwide . Following 21 , it was certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments of ten million copies in the United States , making Adele the only artist of the 2010s to achieve this certification with two albums . Many journalists felt that the album impacted the music industry by encouraging the public to return to buying physical albums , instead of downloading or streaming . 25 received the BRIT Award for British Album of the Year , while the lead single `` Hello '' won British Single of the Year . The album then won the 2017 Grammy Awards for Album of the Year , and Best Pop Vocal Album . `` Hello '' also won Grammys for Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Pop Solo Performance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d8b5963a9803190a39a8d003407ab4c",
"text": "59th Annual Grammy Awards The 59th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony was held on February 12 , 2017 . The CBS network broadcast the show live from the Staples Center in Los Angeles . The ceremony recognized the best recordings , compositions , and artists of the eligibility year , which runs from October 1 , 2015 to September 30 , 2016 . James Corden hosted the ceremony for the first time . The `` pre-telecast '' ceremony ( officially named The Premiere Ceremony ) was held on the same day prior to the main event and was hosted by comedienne Margaret Cho . The nominations were announced on December 6 , 2016 . Beyoncé acquired the most nominations with nine . Drake , Rihanna , and Kanye West received eight nominations each while Chance the Rapper followed with seven nominations . Adele was the biggest winner of the night with five trophies , including Album of the Year for 25 , Record of the Year , and Song of the Year for `` Hello '' . Adele also became the first artist in history to win all three general field awards in the same ceremony twice , previously winning all three categories in 2012 . David Bowie and Greg Kurstin followed with four trophies . Chance the Rapper won for Best New Artist alongside two other awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d89390a423afcf33351f202da0ccd71",
"text": "Hello (Adele song) `` Hello '' is a song by English singer Adele . It was released on 23 October 2015 by XL Recordings as the lead single from her third studio album , 25 ( 2015 ) . Adele co-wrote the song with her producer , Greg Kurstin . `` Hello '' is a piano ballad with soul influences , and lyrics that discuss themes of nostalgia and regret . Upon release , the song was well received by music critics , who compared it favourably to Adele 's previous work and praised the song 's lyrics and Adele 's vocals . It was recorded in London . `` Hello '' reached number one in almost every country it charted in , including the United Kingdom , where it became her second UK number-one single , following `` Someone like You '' , and has the largest opening week sales in three years . In the United States , `` Hello '' debuted atop the Billboard Hot 100 , reigning for 10 consecutive weeks whilst becoming Adele 's fourth number-one on the chart and breaking several records , including becoming the first song to sell over a million digital copies in a week . By the end of 2015 , it had sold 12.3 million units globally ( combined sales and track-equivalent streams ) and was the year 's 7th best-selling single . The accompanying music video was directed by Xavier Dolan and co-stars Adele and Tristan Wilds . The music video for the song broke the Vevo Record by achieving over 27.7 million views within a 24-hour span , held previously by Taylor Swift 's `` Bad Blood '' which accumulated 20.1 million views in that timeframe . It also broke the record for shortest time to attain 100 million Vevo views , previously held by Miley Cyrus ' `` Wrecking Ball '' , as well as shortest time to reach 1 billion YouTube views ( 88 days ) . The clip received seven nominations at the 2016 MTV Video Music Awards , including Video of the Year and Best Female Video . Adele promoted the song with a live performance on a BBC one-hour-long special , entitled Adele at the BBC . At the 59th Annual Grammy Awards , `` Hello '' won three Grammy Awards : Record of the Year , Song of the Year , and Best Pop Solo Performance .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3af91b88ac2134d00e485e0f6ea57410",
"text": "Twenty Five (album) Twenty Five is a greatest hits album by George Michael released on 2006 , celebrating the 25th anniversary of his music career . It was released on 13 November 2006 by Sony BMG . It debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and number 23 on the Billboard 200 , and it reached the top 20 on most other album charts . After Michael 's death in December 2016 , the album re-entered the Billboard 200 at a new peak position of number 12 . The album mostly contains songs from Michael 's solo career , but also from his earlier days with Wham ! . The album is sold in two formats : a 2-CD set and a limited edition 3-CD set . The 2-CD set contains 26 tracks , including four recorded with Wham ! and three new songs : `` An Easier Affair '' , `` This Is Not Real Love '' ( a duet with the British singer Mutya Buena ) and a new version of `` Heal the Pain '' , recorded with Paul McCartney . The limited edition 3-CD version contains an additional 14 lesser known tracks , including one with Wham ! and another new song called `` Understand '' . The 2-CD version was released in the United States on 1 April 2008 , with two changes : `` Feeling Good '' replaced the Wham ! track `` Freedom '' , and `` The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face '' ( from Songs from the Last Century ) replaced `` Round Here '' , a track from Patience that was not released as a single in the US . A 3-CD limited deluxe version was released in the United States exclusively by Best Buy . The track listing for the third CD is the same as the international version , but unlike the 2-CD US version , it includes `` Freedom '' instead of `` Feeling Good '' . The 3-CD version is packaged in a digipak . It includes a 36-page colour booklet with lyrics for every track , along with screen shots from the videos for most of the tracks on the first two CDs . A Twenty Five DVD was also released .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84583b1e9de53cee1a15e80c2ad04123",
"text": "Dallas Buyers Club Dallas Buyers Club is a 2013 American biographical drama film , co-written by Craig Borten and Melisa Wallack , and directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . The film tells the story of Ron Woodroof , an AIDS patient diagnosed in the mid 1980s when HIV/AIDS treatments were under-researched , while the disease was not understood and highly stigmatized . As part of the experimental AIDS treatment movement , he smuggled unapproved pharmaceutical drugs into Texas for treating his symptoms , and distributed them to fellow people with AIDS by establishing the `` Dallas Buyers Club '' while facing opposition from the Food and Drug Administration ( FDA ) . Two fictional supporting characters , Dr. Eve Saks ( Jennifer Garner ) , and Rayon ( Jared Leto ) , were composite roles created from the writer 's interviews with transgender AIDS patients , activists , and doctors . Screenwriter Borten interviewed Woodroof in 1992 and wrote the script , which he polished with writer Wallack in 2000 , and then sold to producer Robbie Brenner . Several other actors , directors , and producers who were attached at various times to the development of the film left the project . Universal Pictures also tried to make the film , but did not . A couple of screenwriters wrote drafts that were rejected . In 2009 , producer Brenner involved Matthew McConaughey , because of his Texas origins , the same as Woodroof 's . Brenner selected the first draft , written by Borten and Wallack , for the film , and then Vallée was set to direct the film . Principal photography began on November 11 , 2012 , in New Orleans , Louisiana , continuing for 25 days of filming , which also included shooting in Baton Rouge . Brenner and Rachel Winter co-produced the film . The official soundtrack album was featured by various artists , and was released digitally on October 29 , 2013 , by the Relativity Music Group . Dallas Buyers Club premiered at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival and was released theatrically in the United States on November 1 , 2013 , by Focus Features , strategically entering wide release on November 22 for award season . The film grossed over $ 27 million domestically and $ 27.9 million internationally , the box office revenue returned over $ 55 million against a budget of $ 5 million in 182-days of a theatrical run . It grossed over $ 4.5 million from DVD , and over $ 3 million from Blu-ray sales . The film received universal critical acclaim , resulting in numerous accolades . Most praised the performances of McConaughey and Leto , who received the Academy Award for Best Actor and for Best Supporting Actor , respectively , at the 86th Academy Awards , making this the first film since Mystic River ( 2003 ) , and only the fifth movie ever , to win both awards . The film also won the award for Best Makeup and Hairstyling , and garnered nominations for Best Picture , Best Original Screenplay , and Best Editing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d30e14b0e7481d30455df72dd88e390",
"text": "We as Human (album) We as Human is the first major label and second and final studio album by Christian rock band We as Human , released on June 25 , 2013 by Atlantic Records . The album was produced by Howard Benson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82e0b553d3ae59a678a0c27702ac69ca",
"text": "25th Golden Disc Awards The 25th Golden Disc Awards were held December 9 , 2010 . They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the previous year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "904cac69dc6daca3e72a5c7ecb99d44f",
"text": "List of Icelandic films of 2014 The Icelandic film industry produced over twenty feature films in 2014 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by Iceland . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2014 . Also included is an overview of the major events in Icelandic film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that have been particularly well received , both critically and financially .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087",
"text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f0244254dba6755d7c92362fd67a818",
"text": "Sněženky a machři po 25 letech Sněženky a machři po 25 letech is a Czech comedy film . It was released in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6129067205e756a9990a65da0e0e1f0",
"text": "21st Screen Actors Guild Awards The 21st Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards , honoring the best achievements in film and television performances for the year 2014 , were presented on January 25 , 2015 , on both TNT and TBS 8:00 p.m. EST / 5:00 p.m. PST . Nominees were announced on December 10 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7907168f31528853318e058f8beca56f",
"text": "International Documentary Association top 25 documentaries The International Documentary Association produced in 2007 a list of the top 25 documentary films as voted by members . Hoop Dreams ( 1994 ) The Thin Blue Line ( 1988 ) Bowling for Columbine ( 2002 ) Spellbound ( 2002 ) Harlan County , U.S.A. ( 1976 ) An Inconvenient Truth ( 2006 ) Crumb ( 1994 ) Gim me Shelter ( 1970 ) The Fog of War ( 2003 ) Roger & Me ( 1989 ) Super Size Me ( 2004 ) Dont Look Back ( 1967 ) Salesman ( 1968 ) Koyaanisqatsi ( 1983 ) Sherman 's March ( 1986 ) Grey Gardens ( 1976 ) Capturing the Friedmans ( 2003 ) Born into Brothels ( 2004 ) Titicut Follies ( 1967 ) Buena Vista Social Club ( 1999 ) Fahrenheit 9/11 ( 2004 ) Winged Migration ( 2002 ) Grizzly Man ( 2005 ) Night and Fog ( 1955 ) Woodstock '' ( 1970 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e165b4016e8b25f617248cb58e07a897",
"text": "Love from London Love From London is the twentieth studio album by Robyn Hitchcock released on March 5 , 2013 on the label Yep Roc Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "643010387100b1df150caeab46f53613",
"text": "List of number-one singles of 2013 (Australia) The ARIA Singles Chart ranks the best-performing singles in Australia . Its data , published by the Australian Recording Industry Association , is based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales . In 2013 , seventeen singles claimed the top spot , including `` Thrift Shop '' by Macklemore and Ryan Lewis , which started its peak position in late 2012 . Fifteen acts achieved their first number-one single in Australia , either as a lead or featured artist : Mary Lambert , Nate Ruess , Baauer , Ray Dalton , Passenger , Daft Punk , Pharrell Williams , Robin Thicke , T.I. , Avicii , 2 Chainz , Redfoo , Dami Im , Taylor Henderson and John Legend . Im and Henderson were the only Australian artists to achieve a number-one single . Macklemore and Ryan Lewis had three number-one singles during the year for `` Thrift Shop '' , `` Same Love '' and `` Ca n't Hold Us '' . Jason Derulo earned two number-one singles for `` Talk Dirty '' and `` Trumpets '' . Pharrell Williams also earned two number-one singles during the year , as a featured artist on Daft Punk 's `` Get Lucky '' and Robin Thicke 's `` Blurred Lines '' . Katy Perry 's `` Roar '' was the longest-running number-one single of 2013 , having topped the ARIA Singles Chart for nine weeks . `` Blurred Lines '' was the second longest-running number-one single , with eight consecutive weeks at the top . Passenger 's `` Let Her Go '' stayed at number one for five consecutive weeks , while Avicii 's `` Wake Me Up ! '' topped the chart for six consecutive weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a130b14220343f131c8e20559c5869f3",
"text": "Justin Bieber's Believe Justin Bieber 's Believe is a 2013 American biographical concert film and the sequel to Never Say Never , both centering on Canadian singer Justin Bieber . It was released through Open Road Films in the United States and Canada on December 25 , 2013 . The film received negative reviews from critics and grossed $ 6.2 million in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1dbfd1cea9ace7721909ada2d6207b8",
"text": "List of British films of 2013 The British film industry produced over five hundred feature films in 2013 . This article fully lists all non-pornographic films , including short films , that had a release date in that year and which were at least partly made by the United Kingdom . It does not include films first released in previous years that had release dates in 2013 . Also included is an overview of the major events in British film , including film festivals and awards ceremonies , as well as lists of those films that were particularly well received , both critically and financially . The year was particularly notable for a number of low budget and independent horror films , such as In Fear , Devil 's Pass , Dementamania and Stalled .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ade4f2b16d22917e8ed3df533b8826f4",
"text": "Now That's What I Call Music! 25 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 25 was released on July 17 , 2007 . The album is the 25th edition of the Now ! series in the United States . It debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , selling approximately 223,000 copies in its first week , and remained at number one in its second week , selling another 149,000 copies . Now ! 25 contains three Billboard Hot 100 number-one hits , `` Girlfriend '' , `` Glamorous '' and `` Buy U a Drank ( Shawty Snappin ' ) '' , and has been certified Platinum by the RIAA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a6e592064f4f4c06a53234d60469ab1",
"text": "Quarta Divisão Quarta Divisão is a 2013 Portuguese film directed by Joaquim Leitão .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35b196ed46b2d16b5c11f9ff934c9fb2",
"text": "Box 25 Box 25 ( Caja 25 ) is a 2015 Panamanian documentary film directed by Mercedes Arias and Delfina Vidal . The film is about letters that were written by the men who built the Panama Canal . It was originally reported to be the Panamanian entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 88th Academy Awards . However , when the final list was announced by the Academy , the film was not included .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02e0d893d657843505f4e985632ffe22",
"text": "26th European Film Awards The 26th European Film Awards were presented on 7 December 2013 in Berlin , Germany . The winners were selected by over 2,500 members of the European Film Academy . On 28 October 2013 , a special seven-member jury convened in Berlin and , based on the EFA Selection list , decided on the winners in the categories cinematography , editing , production design , costume design , composer and sound design . On November 4 , 2013 nominations for documentary were announced . The special documentary jury consist five members : Antonio Saura Despina Mouzaki , Claas Danielsen , Ally Derks and Jacques Laurent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e83fa88cab067a683d5a8f5c3b7e0a6",
"text": "25th Golden Globe Awards The 25th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best achievements in 1967 , were held on 12 February 1968 . 25th Golden Globe Awards February 12 , 1968 Film - Drama : In The Heat of the Night Film - Musical or Comedy : The Graduate TV Show : Mission : Impossible",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "046a4c5826be7ce88f9a5abb9985d491",
"text": "Twenty Five (DVD) Twenty Five is a video album by British singer George Michael , released on DVD in November 2006 . It contains forty videos on two discs , including seven with Wham ! . The Twenty Five album was also released at the same time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
681169b2934c5b69cc9f0d50b6601443 | Kirk Douglas starred in a movie. | [
{
"docid": "a2543644dd2cc4d58041a6c7ba99368e",
"text": "Kirk Douglas Kirk Douglas ( born Issur Danielovitch , December 9 , 1916 ) is an American actor , producer , director , and author . He is one of the last living people of the film industry 's Golden Age . After an impoverished childhood with immigrant parents and six sisters , he had his film debut in The Strange Love of Martha Ivers ( 1946 ) with Barbara Stanwyck . Douglas soon developed into a leading box-office star throughout the 1950s and 1960s , known for serious dramas , including westerns and war movies . During his career he appeared in more than 90 movies . Douglas became an international star through positive reception for his leading role as an unscrupulous boxing hero in Champion ( 1949 ) , which brought him his first nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actor . Other early films include Young Man with a Horn ( 1950 ) , playing opposite Lauren Bacall and Doris Day ; Ace in the Hole opposite Jan Sterling ( 1951 ) ; and Detective Story ( 1951 ) . He received a second Oscar nomination for his dramatic role in The Bad and the Beautiful ( 1952 ) , opposite Lana Turner , and his third nomination for portraying Vincent van Gogh in Lust for Life ( 1956 ) . In 1955 , he established Bryna Productions , which began producing films as varied as Paths of Glory ( 1957 ) and Spartacus ( 1960 ) . In those two films , he starred and collaborated with the then relatively unknown director , Stanley Kubrick . Douglas helped break the Hollywood blacklist by having Dalton Trumbo write Spartacus with an official on-screen credit , although Trumbo 's family claims he overstated his role . He produced and starred in Lonely Are the Brave ( 1962 ) , considered a cult classic , and Seven Days in May ( 1964 ) , opposite Burt Lancaster , with whom he made seven films . In 1963 , he starred in the Broadway play One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest , a story he purchased , which he later gave to his son Michael Douglas , who turned it into an Oscar-winning film . As an actor and philanthropist , Douglas has received three Academy Award nominations , an Oscar for Lifetime Achievement , and the Presidential Medal of Freedom . As an author , he has written ten novels and memoirs . Currently , he is No. 17 on the American Film Institute 's list of the greatest male screen legends of classic Hollywood cinema , and the highest-ranked living person on the list . After barely surviving a helicopter crash in 1991 and then suffering a stroke in 1996 , he has focused on renewing his spiritual and religious life . He lives with his second wife ( of 63 years ) , Anne , a producer . He turned 100 on December 9 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1200b4effa5ba9faca4abd0694301b97",
"text": "The Juggler (film) The Juggler ( 1953 ) is a drama film about a survivor of the Holocaust , played by Kirk Douglas . The screenplay was adapted by Michael Blankfort from his novel of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa30740cfcd6348cffa3da8d557b6682",
"text": "Getting In Getting In , also known as Student Body , is a 1994 American comedy film directed by Doug Liman starring Andrew McCarthy and Stephen Mailer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6b9d634b1c09fb1eda308173681d04f",
"text": "Black Christmas (2006 film) Black Christmas ( abbreviated as Black X-Mas ) is a 2006 American-Canadian slasher film written and directed by Glen Morgan and starring Katie Cassidy , Michelle Trachtenberg , Mary Elizabeth Winstead , Oliver Hudson , Lacey Chabert , Kristen Cloke , and Andrea Martin . The film takes place several days before Christmas , and tells the story of a group of sorority sisters who are stalked and murdered by the house 's former inhabitants during a winter storm . It is a loose remake of the 1974 film of the same name . The film was produced by Morgan and James Wong through their production company Hard Eight Pictures , along with 2929 Productions and Dimension Films , while Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer distributed the film . In December 2006 , upon anticipation of its premiere , the film garnered some criticism from religious groups due to its graphic content in a holiday setting , as well as the distributor 's decision to release the film on Christmas Day in the United States . The film opened in the United Kingdom on December 15 , 2006 , and , despite backlash from some religious organizations , opened in US theaters on Christmas Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99d9c67bcb027aeb51ec767b8ca64461",
"text": "Everybody's Fine (2009 film) Everybody 's Fine is a 2009 American drama film written and directed by Kirk Jones , and starring Robert De Niro , Drew Barrymore , Sam Rockwell and Kate Beckinsale . It is a remake of the Giuseppe Tornatore 's Italian film Everybody 's Fine . In Brazil , Russia and Japan , the film was released direct-to-DVD .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1",
"text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd67280a17a83dc4592cf9509023f2d7",
"text": "Catalina Caper Catalina Caper ( also known as Never Steal Anything Wet ) is a 1967 comedy musical mystery film starring Tommy Kirk . It is one of the last ( if not the last ) in the beach party film genre . This entry blends the beach format with a standard crime-caper comedy . It was shot on and around Santa Catalina Island , California . The film was also featured in the second season ( episode 4 ) of the movie-mocking television show Mystery Science Theater 3000 ( MST3K ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274",
"text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "410296f5e09f52f38a6d1651fa50f5d0",
"text": "Streets of Death Streets of Death is a 1987 American film . Tommy Kirk had retired from acting when the film was made but the producer made him an offer `` that was hard to refuse . '' He was the only professional actor in the cast . The film had some problems ... . I played a cop who has been kicked off the force because he was a drunk and had accidentally killed somebody . But he wanted to be back on the force , to be a cop again , so he goes off on his own and tries to solve this string of serial killings in the Los Angeles suburbs ... That picture was a good example of a case of good intentions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc468add0535d922fb62e7efe5fc4889",
"text": "K-PAX (film) K-PAX is a 2001 American science fiction-mystery film based on Gene Brewer 's 1995 novel of the same name , directed by Iain Softley , starring Kevin Spacey , Jeff Bridges , Mary McCormack and Alfre Woodard . The film is about a psychiatric patient who claims to be an alien from the planet K-PAX . During his treatment , the patient demonstrates an outlook on life that ultimately proves inspirational for his fellow patients and especially for his psychiatrist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72624258d58807ba85fe8f6238ca0eb8",
"text": "Basic Instinct Basic Instinct is a 1992 neo-noir erotic thriller film directed by Paul Verhoeven and written by Joe Eszterhas , and starring Michael Douglas and Sharon Stone . The film follows a police detective , Nick Curran ( Douglas ) , who is investigating the brutal murder of a wealthy rock star . During the investigation Curran becomes involved in a torrid and intense relationship with the prime suspect , Catherine Tramell ( Stone ) , an enigmatic writer . Even before its release , Basic Instinct generated heated controversy due to its overt sexuality and graphic depiction of violence . It was strongly opposed by gay rights activists , who criticized the film 's depiction of homosexual relationships and the portrayal of a bisexual woman as a murderous narcissistic psychopath . In a 2006 interview , Stone alleged that the infamous leg-crossing scene in which her vulva was exposed was filmed without her knowledge . Despite initial critical negativity and public protest , Basic Instinct became one of the most financially successful films of the 1990s , grossing $ 352 million worldwide . Several versions of the film have been released on videocassette , DVD , and Blu-ray including a director 's cut with extended footage previously unseen in North American cinemas . The film has contemporarily been recognized for its groundbreaking depictions of sexuality in mainstream Hollywood cinema , and has been referred to by scholars as `` a neo-noir masterpiece that plays with , and transgresses , the narrative rules of film noir . '' A 2006 sequel , Basic Instinct 2 starring Stone was made without Verhoeven 's involvement , but received negative reviews from critics and was unsuccessful at the box office .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b18cd7242cb9073b0fc28ab5be014731",
"text": "Striptease (film) Striptease is a 1996 American erotic comedy film directed , produced , and written by Andrew Bergman , and stars Demi Moore , Burt Reynolds and Ving Rhames . The film is based on Carl Hiaasen 's novel of the same name , and is about a stripper who becomes involved in both a child-custody dispute and corrupt politics . Striptease was generally reviled by critics . It wound up winning several Golden Raspberry Awards , which are given to the worst in cinema . Among these awards given to Striptease was the Award for Worst Picture of 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "196e07aad5b5a36893351de198b6f54d",
"text": "The Corsican Brothers (1941 film) The Corsican Brothers is a 1941 swashbuckler film starring Douglas Fairbanks , Jr. in a dual role as the title Siamese twins , separated at birth and raised in completely different circumstances . Both thirst for revenge against the man who killed their parents ( played by Akim Tamiroff ) , both fall in love with the same woman ( portrayed by Ruth Warrick ) . The story is very loosely based on the novella Les frères Corses ( in English : The Corsican Brothers ) by French writer Alexandre Dumas , père . Dimitri Tiomkin was nominated for an Academy Award for Original Music Score ( Score of a Dramatic or Comedy Picture ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "083e0e2db581fa89909484c5552b20a4",
"text": "Douglas Henderson (actor) Douglas Henderson ( January 14 , 1919 in Montclair , New Jersey -- April 5 , 1978 in Studio City , California ) was an American film and television actor . Originally a stage actor , he made the shift to film in 1952 , with his appearance in Stanley Kramer 's Eight Iron Men . Additional film appearances include the 1962 John Frankenheimer film The Manchurian Candidate , in which he played Col. Milt , the direct supervisor of the Maj. Marco character ( played by Frank Sinatra ) . He played Congressman Morrissey in the 1968 comedy Stay Away , Joe starring Elvis Presley . On television , Henderson made six guest appearances on Perry Mason , including the role of title character and defendant Felix Heidemann in the 1960 episode , `` The Case of the Clumsy Clown . '' In 1963 he again played the defendant , this time Dwight Garrett , in `` The Case of the Elusive Element . '' In 1965 he played murder victim Frank Jones , alias Frank Jensen , in `` The Case of the Wrongful Writ , '' and in 1966 he again played the defendant , Greg Stanley , in `` The Case of the Crafty Kidnapper . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85bfa64329e135ebc218b6158c61a85b",
"text": "The Heroes of Telemark The Heroes of Telemark is a British 1965 Eastman Color war film directed by Anthony Mann based on the true story of the Norwegian heavy water sabotage during World War II from `` Skis Against the Atom , '' the memoirs of Norwegian resistance soldier Knut Haukelid . The film stars Kirk Douglas as Dr Rolf Pedersen and Richard Harris as Knut Straud , along with Ulla Jacobsson as Anna Pedersen . It was filmed on location in Norway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "145d1333b602e4753f19de1f1204af56",
"text": "First Yank into Tokyo First Yank into Tokyo is a 1945 United States war film ; it takes place during World War II . It was directed by Gordon Douglas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13391941c2be9faec97eedc0cc0ce7ca",
"text": "George Washington (film) George Washington is a 2000 American drama film written and directed by David Gordon Green . Its story centers on a group of children in a depressed small town in North Carolina who band together to cover up a tragic mistake . Although it was not widely seen due to having had a very limited release , the film received wide praise from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "acc0bf83e3534d39bc38c86329c204ca",
"text": "Malone (film) Malone is a 1987 American film adaptation of William P. Wingate 's novel , written by Christopher Frank , directed by Harley Cokeliss , and stars Burt Reynolds , Cliff Robertson and Lauren Hutton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93d989bea3d46081e36c3abfdfebc25f",
"text": "David Harum (1934 film) David Harum is a 1934 American comedy film directed by James Cruze and written by Walter Woods . The film stars Will Rogers , Louise Dresser , Evelyn Venable , Kent Taylor , Stepin Fetchit , Noah Beery , Sr. and Roger Imhof . The film was released on March 3 , 1934 , by Fox Film Corporation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da66a4fd84926132f03c2a197a158391",
"text": "The Wounded Sky The Wounded Sky is a 1983 Star Trek novel ( Pocket Books # 13 ) by Diane Duane , featuring James T. Kirk as captain of the USS Enterprise . The author would four years later adapt the novel 's plot for the teleplay of the first season Star Trek : The Next Generation episode `` Where No One Has Gone Before '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1ce75d4331a013225892928a25a9c9d",
"text": "Marooned (1969 film) Marooned is a 1969 American film directed by John Sturges and starring Gregory Peck , Richard Crenna , David Janssen , James Franciscus and Gene Hackman about three astronauts who are trapped and slowly suffocating in space . It was based on the 1964 novel Marooned by Martin Caidin . While the original novel was based on the single-pilot Mercury program , the film depicted an Apollo Command/Service Module with three astronauts and a space station resembling Skylab . Caidin acted as technical adviser and updated the novel , incorporating appropriate material from the original version . The film was released less than four months after the Apollo 11 moon landing and was tied to the public fascination with the event . It won an Academy Award for Visual Effects for Robbie Robertson .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c9a04f5bc909580accbf7f4bf413cc80 | Huntington's disease is not an inherited disorder. | [
{
"docid": "ed84b2b68655eaec345ff9c5f82335d0",
"text": "Huntington's disease Huntington 's disease ( HD ) , also known as Huntington 's chorea , is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells . The earliest symptoms are often subtle problems with mood or mental abilities . A general lack of coordination and an unsteady gait often follow . As the disease advances , uncoordinated , jerky body movements become more apparent . Physical abilities gradually worsen until coordinated movement becomes difficult and the person is unable to talk . Mental abilities generally decline into dementia . The specific symptoms vary somewhat between people . Symptoms usually begin between 30 and 50 years of age , but can start at any age . The disease may develop earlier in life in each successive generation . About 8 % of cases start before the age of 20 years and typically present with symptoms more similar to Parkinson 's disease . People with HD often underestimate the degree of their problems . HD is typically inherited from a person 's parents , with 10 % of cases due to a new mutation . The disease is caused by an autosomal dominant mutation in either of an individual 's two copies of a gene called Huntingtin . This means a child of an affected person typically has a 50 % chance of inheriting the disease . The Huntingtin gene provides the genetic information for a protein that is also called `` huntingtin '' . Expansion of CAG ( cytosine-adenine-guanine ) triplet repeats in the gene coding for the Huntingtin protein results in an abnormal protein , which gradually damages cells in the brain , through mechanisms that are not fully understood . Diagnosis is by genetic testing , which can be carried out at any time , regardless of whether or not symptoms are present . This fact raises several ethical debates : the age at which an individual is considered mature enough to choose testing ; whether parents have the right to have their children tested ; and managing confidentiality and disclosure of test results . There is no cure for HD . Full-time care is required in the later stages of the disease . Treatments can relieve some symptoms and in some improve quality of life . The best evidence for treatment of the movement problems is with tetrabenazine . HD affects about 4 to 15 in 100,000 people of European descent . It is rare among Japanese , while the occurrence rate in Africa is unknown . The disease affects men and women equally . Complications such as pneumonia , heart disease , and physical injury from falls reduce life expectancy . Suicide is the cause of death in about 9 % of cases . Death typically occurs fifteen to twenty years from when the disease was first detected . The first likely description of the disease was in 1841 by Charles Oscar Waters . The condition was described in further detail in 1872 by George Huntington , after whom it is named . The genetic basis was discovered in 1993 by an international collaborative effort led by the Hereditary Disease Foundation . Research and support organizations began forming in the late 1960s to increase public awareness , to provide support for individuals and their families , and to promote research . Current research directions include determining the exact mechanism of the disease , improving animal models to aid with research , testing of medications to treat symptoms or slow the progression of the disease , and studying procedures such as stem cell therapy with the goal of repairing damage caused by the disease .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "0c3c11c8cfdd04288ba5b6fa3bad47a8",
"text": "Neurodevelopmental disorder Neurodevelopmental disorders are impairments of the growth and development of the brain or central nervous system . A narrower use of the term refers to a disorder of brain function that affects emotion , learning ability , self-control and memory and that unfolds as the individual grows . The term is sometimes erroneously used as an exclusive synonym for autism spectrum disorders . Disorders considered neurodevelopmental in origin , or that have neurodevelopmental consequences when they occur in infancy and childhood , include : Intellectual disability ( ID ) or intellectual and developmental disability ( IDD ) Autism spectrum disorders , such as Asperger 's syndrome Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder Motor disorders including developmental coordination disorder and stereotypic movement disorder Tic disorders including Tourette 's syndrome Traumatic brain injury ( including congenital injuries such as those that cause cerebral palsy ) Communication , speech and language disorders Genetic disorders , such as fragile-X syndrome Down syndrome Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Mendelsohnn 's syndrome Schizophrenia Schizotypal disorder HIV Malaria Neurodevelopmental disorders are associated with widely varying degrees of difficulty which may have significant mental , emotional , physical , and economic consequences for individuals , and in turn their families and society in general .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc39bfa5c942118d4e5ff050ec04f85f",
"text": "Phenotype A phenotype is the composite of an organism 's observable characteristics or traits , such as its morphology , development , biochemical or physiological properties , behavior , and products of behavior ( such as a bird 's nest ) . A phenotype results from the expression of an organism 's genetic code , its genotype , as well as the influence of environmental factors and the interactions between the two . When two or more clearly different phenotypes exist in the same population of a species , the species is called polymorphic . A well-documented polymorphism is Labrador Retriever coloring ; while the coat color depends on many genes , it is clearly seen in the environment as yellow , black and brown . This genotype-phenotype distinction was proposed by Wilhelm Johannsen in 1911 to make clear the difference between an organism 's heredity and what that heredity produces . The distinction is similar to that proposed by August Weismann , who distinguished between germ plasm ( heredity ) and somatic cells ( the body ) . The genotype-phenotype distinction should not be confused with Francis Crick 's central dogma of molecular biology , which is a statement about the directionality of molecular sequential information flowing from DNA to protein , and not the reverse . Richard Dawkins in 1978 and then again in his 1982 book The Extended Phenotype suggested that bird nests and other built structures such as caddis fly larvae cases and beaver dams can be considered as `` extended phenotypes '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "354868936826a4eea0eeb717eeeaf092",
"text": "Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Electromagnetic hypersensitivity ( EHS ) is a claimed sensitivity to electromagnetic fields , resulting in negative symptoms . EHS has no scientific basis and is not a recognised medical diagnosis . Claims are characterized by a `` variety of non-specific symptoms , which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to electromagnetic fields '' . Those who are self-described with EHS report adverse reactions to electromagnetic fields at intensities well below the maximum levels permitted by international radiation safety standards . The majority of provocation trials to date have found that such claimants are unable to distinguish between exposure and non-exposure to electromagnetic fields . A systematic review in 2005 showed no convincing scientific evidence for symptoms being caused by electromagnetic fields . Since then several double-blind experiments have shown that people who report electromagnetic hypersensitivity are unable to detect the presence of electromagnetic fields and are as likely to report ill health following a sham exposure as they are following exposure to genuine electromagnetic fields , suggesting the cause in these cases to be the nocebo effect . A 2005 review by the UK Health Protection Agency and a 2006 systematic review each evaluated the evidence for various medical , psychological , behavioral , and alternative treatments for EHS and each found that the evidence-base was limited and not generalizable , but that the best evidence favored cognitive behavioural therapy . As of 2005 , WHO recommended that people presenting with claims of EHS be evaluated to determine if they have a medical condition that may be causing the symptoms the person is attributing to EHS , that they have a psychological evaluation , and that the person 's environment be evaluated for issues like air or noise pollution that may be causing problems . Some people who feel they are sensitive to electromagnetic fields may seek to reduce their exposure or use alternative medicine . Government agencies have enforced false advertising claims against companies selling devices to shield against EM radiation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66a72569348ab299529e2b678dc9e183",
"text": "The Gene Bomb The Gene Bomb is a 1996 book by David E. Comings , self-published by Hope Press , that puts forth the theory that higher education and advanced technology may unintentionally favor the selection of genes that increase the likelihood of ADHD , autism , drug addiction , learning disorders , and behavior problems . Comings claims that the prevalence of these disorders is rising and I.Q. is decreasing ; others argue that other factors may be responsible , including increased detection of these disorders . He claims that society is inadvertently creating delays for the highly educated that reduce their reproductivity and causes them to have children later in life , thus raising the odds of certain disorders like autism . On the other hand , he claims that those having learning disorders tend to drop out of school earlier and have more children , thus passing on learning disorders at a higher rate . Environmental and societal factors are usually accepted as the cause , but Comings argues the opposite . According to a review of the book in the British Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology journal , `` The arguments are developed in this book with an alarming lack of scientific accuracy and satisfactory supporting evidence . '' The review concludes that the book `` is an apocalyptic , irrational , and emotional treatise which opens up scientifically unsound issues that have already been formally buried '' . A book review in the Journal of Medical Genetics said , `` This is the sort of book which gets geneticists a bad name '' , adding that some facts `` are simply wrong '' , while vital facts `` are simply missing '' . Comings replied , in a Letter to the Editor , that the review `` missed the whole point of the book and presented to the readers of this journal a distorted view of the issues I attempted to raise '' . Other Tourette syndrome ( TS ) researchers say of Comings ' Tourette 's research that his `` assertions fall outside of the mainstream of the very extensive TS literature that has developed over the past 2 decades '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b639f4c7e6317c4abb31563ab7f4f66f",
"text": "Human pathogen A human pathogen is a pathogen ( microbe or microorganism such as a virus , bacterium , prion , or fungus ) that causes disease in humans . The human physiological defense against common pathogens ( such as Pneumocystis ) is mainly the responsibility of the immune system with help by some of the body 's normal flora and fauna . However , if the immune system or `` good '' microbiota are damaged in any way ( such as by chemotherapy , human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) , or antibiotics being taken to kill other pathogens ) , pathogenic bacteria that were being held at bay can proliferate and cause harm to the host . Such cases are called opportunistic infections . Some pathogens ( such as the bacterium Yersinia pestis , which may have caused the Black Plague , the Variola virus , and the malaria protozoa ) have been responsible for massive numbers of casualties and have had numerous effects on afflicted groups . Of particular note in modern times is HIV , which is known to have infected several million humans globally , along with the influenza virus . Today , while many medical advances have been made to safeguard against infection by pathogens , through the use of vaccination , antibiotics , and fungicide , pathogens continue to threaten human life . Social advances such as food safety , hygiene , and water treatment have reduced the threat from some pathogens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0dd5775d73a2f9f5b1c936cb5008e5b",
"text": "History of Tourette syndrome Tourette syndrome is an inherited neurological disorder with onset in childhood , characterized by the presence of multiple physical ( motor ) tics and at least one vocal ( phonic ) tic . The eponym was bestowed by Jean-Martin Charcot ( 1825 -- 93 ) on behalf of his resident , Georges Albert Édouard Brutus Gilles de la Tourette ( 1859 -- 1904 ) , a French physician and neurologist , who published an account of nine patients with Tourette 's in 1885 . The possibility that movement disorders , including Tourette syndrome , might have an organic origin was raised when an encephalitis epidemic from 1918 -- 1926 led to a subsequent epidemic of tic disorders . Research in 1972 advanced the argument that Tourette 's is a neurological , rather than psychological , disorder ; since the 1990s , a more neutral view of Tourette 's has emerged , in which biological vulnerability and adverse environmental events are seen to interact . Findings since 1999 have advanced TS science in the areas of genetics , neuroimaging , neurophysiology , and neuropathology . Questions remain regarding how best to classify Tourette syndrome , and how closely Tourette 's is related to other movement disorders or psychiatric disorders . Good epidemiologic data is still lacking , and available treatments are not risk free and not always well tolerated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1428ddc6d54808f001e25049465019ff",
"text": "Natural selection Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype . It is a key mechanism of evolution , the change in heritable traits of a population over time . Charles Darwin popularised the term `` natural selection '' , and compared it with artificial selection . Variation exists within all populations of organisms . This occurs partly because random mutations arise in the genome of an individual organism , and offspring can inherit such mutations . Throughout the lives of the individuals , their genomes interact with their environments to cause variations in traits . The environment of a genome includes the molecular biology in the cell , other cells , other individuals , populations , species , as well as the abiotic environment . Individuals with certain variants of the trait may survive and reproduce more than individuals with other , less successful , variants ; therefore , the population evolves . Factors that affect reproductive success are also important , including sexual selection ( now often included in natural selection ) and fecundity selection . Natural selection acts on the phenotype , or the observable characteristics of an organism , but the genetic ( heritable ) basis of any phenotype that gives a reproductive advantage may become more common in a population . Over time , this process can result in populations that specialise for particular ecological niches ( microevolution ) and may eventually result in speciation ( the emergence of new species , macroevolution ) . In other words , natural selection is a key process in the evolution of a population . Natural selection can be contrasted with artificial selection , in which humans intentionally choose specific traits , whereas in natural selection there is no intentional choice . Natural selection is one of the cornerstones of modern biology . The concept , published by Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in a joint presentation of papers in 1858 , was elaborated in Darwin 's influential 1859 book On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection , or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life , which described natural selection as analogous to artificial selection , a process by which animals and plants with traits considered desirable by human breeders are systematically favoured for reproduction . The concept of natural selection originally developed in the absence of a valid theory of heredity ; at the time of Darwin 's writing , science had yet to develop modern theories of genetics . The union of traditional Darwinian evolution with subsequent discoveries in classical genetics formed the modern synthesis of the mid-20th century . The addition of molecular genetics has led to evolutionary developmental biology , which explains evolution at the molecular level . While genotypes can slowly change by random genetic drift , natural selection remains the primary explanation for adaptive evolution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "372e484e487da6249593a3419840251b",
"text": "Neurasthenia Neurasthenia is a term that was first used at least as early as 1829 to label a mechanical weakness of the actual nerves , rather than the more metaphorical `` nerves '' referred to by George Miller Beard later . As a psychopathological term , neurasthenia was used by Beard in 1869 to denote a condition with symptoms of fatigue , anxiety , headache , heart palpitations , high blood pressure , neuralgia and depressed mood . Neurasthenia is currently a diagnosis in the World Health Organization 's International Classification of Diseases ( and the Chinese Society of Psychiatry 's Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders ) . However , it is no longer included as a diagnosis in the American Psychiatric Association 's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders . Americans were said to be particularly prone to neurasthenia , which resulted in the nickname `` Americanitis '' ( popularized by William James ) . Another , rarely used , term for neurasthenia is nervosism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f91ef7abd891ba602c53d6b00199042c",
"text": "Huntington's disease in popular culture Huntington 's disease has been shown in numerous formats , more so as awareness of the condition has increased . Here is a list of references to it in popular culture ;",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fbc9de7aebe2abbad9d031aa5e75691",
"text": "Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V Distal hereditary motor neuropathy type V ( dHMN V ) is a particular type of neuropathic disorder . In general , distal hereditary motor neuropathies affect the axons of distal motor neurons and are characterized by progressive weakness and atrophy of muscles of the extremities . It is common for them to be called `` spinal forms of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease ( CMT ) '' , because the diseases are closely related in symptoms and genetic cause . The diagnostic difference in these diseases is the presence of sensory loss in the extremities . There are seven classifications of dHMNs , each defined by patterns of inheritance , age of onset , severity , and muscle groups involved . Type V ( sometimes notated as Type 5 ) is a disorder characterized by autosomal dominance , weakness of the upper limbs that is progressive and symmetrical , and atrophy of the small muscles of the hands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6573974c4ab7e0681113933ed77f40cb",
"text": "Borna disease Borna disease is an infectious neurological syndrome of warm-blooded animals , caused by Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 ( BoDV-1 / 2 ) , both of which are members of the species Mammalian 1 bornavirus . BoDV-1 an 2 cause abnormal behaviour and fatality . Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 are neurotropic viruses and members of the Bornaviridae family within the Mononegavirales order . Although Borna disease viruses 1 and 2 are mainly seen as the causative agent of Borna disease in horses and other animals , they are also controversially discussed as human infectious agents and therefore as potential zoonotic agents . The role of BoDV-1 and -2 in human illness is controversial and it is yet to be established whether BoDV-1 or -2 cause any overt disease in humans . However , correlative evidence exists linking BoDV-1 / 2 infection with neuropsychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18026fc25f87c42b3a0322494747fb2a",
"text": "Biologist A biologist , is a scientist who has specialized knowledge in the field of biology , the scientific study of life . Biologists involved in fundamental research attempt to explore and further explain the underlying mechanisms that govern the functioning of living matter . Biologists involved in applied research attempt to develop or improve more specific processes and understanding , in fields such as medicine , industry and agriculture . While `` biologist '' can apply to any scientist studying biology , most biologists research and specialise in specific fields . In this way , biologists investigate large-scale organism interactions ( ecology ) , whole multicellular organisms , organs , tissues , cells , and small-scale cellular and molecular processes . Other biologists study less direct aspects of life , such as phylogeny and evolution . Biologists conduct research based on the scientific method , to test the validity of a theory , with hypothesis formation , experimentation and documentation of methods and data . There are many types of biologists . Some work on microorganisms , while others study multicellular organisms . There is much overlap between different fields of biology such as botany , zoology , microbiology , genetics and evolutionary biology , and it is often difficult to classify a biologist as only one of them . Many jobs in biology as a field require an academic degree . A doctorate or its equivalent is generally required to direct independent research , and involves a specialization in a specific area of biology . Many biological scientists work in research and development . Some conduct fundamental research to advance our knowledge of living organisms , including bacteria and other pathogens . This research enhances understanding and adds to the scientific database of literature . Furthermore , it often aids the development of solutions to problems in areas such as human health and the natural environment . These biological scientists mostly work in government , university , and private industry laboratories . Many expand on specialized research that they started in post-graduate qualifications , such as a doctorate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f65240867c5065a5ad038ebe2e65f54",
"text": "Developmental cognitive neuroscience Developmental cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary scientific field devoted to understanding psychological processes and their neurological bases in the developing organism . It examines how the mind changes as children grow up , interrelations between that and how the brain is changing , and environmental and biological influences on the developing mind and brain . Developmental cognitive neuroscience is at the boundaries of neuroscience ( behavioral , systems , & cognitive neuroscience ) , psychology ( developmental , cognitive , & biobehavioral / physiological psychology ) , developmental science ( which includes sociology , anthropology , & biology in addition to psychology & neuroscience ) , cognitive science ( which includes computer science , philosophy , dynamical systems , & linguistics in addition to psychology ) , and even includes socio-emotional development and developmental aspects of social neuroscience and affective neuroscience . The scientific interface between cognitive neuroscience and human development has evoked considerable interest in recent years , as technological advances make it possible to map in detail the changes in brain structure that take place during development . Developmental cognitive neuroscience overlaps somewhat with fields such as developmental psychology , developmental neuropsychology , developmental psychopathology , and developmental neuroscience , but is distinct from each of them as well . Developmental cognitive neuroscience is concerned with the brain bases of the phenomena that developmental psychologists study . Developmental neuropsychology and developmental psychopathology are both devoted primarily to studying patients , whereas developmental cognitive neuroscience is concerned with studying both typical and atypical development . Developmental neuroscience is devoted entirely to the study of developmental processes in the brain , and primarily during the prenatal period . Developmental cognitive neuroscience , on the other hand , is concerned with interrelations between psychological and biological development . Developmental cognitive neuroscientists study brain development and cognitive , social , and emotional development from the prenatal period through adulthood . More recently , developmental cognitive neuroscience is interested in the role of genes in development and cognition . Thus , developmental cognitive neuroscience may shed light on nature versus nurture debates as well as constructivism and neuroconstructivism theories . Developmental cognitive neuroscience research provides data that alternately blends together , clarifies , challenges , and causes revisions in developmental , cognitive , and neuroscientific theories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9904e980a9e9a9faf22bb0ab4775618",
"text": "Albinism Albinism in humans is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of pigment in the skin , hair and eyes . Albinism is associated with a number of vision defects , such as photophobia , nystagmus , and amblyopia . Lack of skin pigmentation makes for more susceptibility to sunburn and skin cancers . In rare cases such as Chédiak -- Higashi syndrome , albinism may be associated with deficiencies in the transportation of melanin granules . This also affects essential granules present in immune cells leading to increased susceptibility to infection . Albinism results from inheritance of recessive gene alleles and is known to affect all vertebrates , including humans . It is due to absence or defect of tyrosinase , a copper-containing enzyme involved in the production of melanin . It is the opposite of melanism . Unlike humans , other animals have multiple pigments and for these , albinism is considered to be a hereditary condition characterised by the absence of melanin in particular , in the eyes , skin , hair , scales , feathers or cuticle . While an organism with complete absence of melanin is called an albino an organism with only a diminished amount of melanin is described as leucistic or albinoid . The term is from the Latin albus , `` white '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7ec7ecebdcba811ab183f0e27e295eb",
"text": "Genome instability Genome instability ( also `` genetic instability '' or `` genomic instability '' ) refers to a high frequency of mutations within the genome of a cellular lineage . These mutations can include changes in nucleic acid sequences , chromosomal rearrangements or aneuploidy . Genome instability does occur in bacteria . In multicellular organisms genome instability is central to carcinogenesis , and in humans it is also a factor in some neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis or the neuromuscular disease myotonic dystrophy . The sources of genome instability have only recently begun to be elucidated . A high frequency of externally caused DNA damage can be one source of genome instability since DNA damages can cause inaccurate translesion synthesis past the damages or errors in repair , leading to mutation . Another source of genome instability may be epigenetic or mutational reductions in expression of DNA repair genes . Because endogenous ( metabolically-caused ) DNA damage is very frequent , occurring on average more than 60,000 times a day in the genomes of human cells , any reduced DNA repair is likely an important source of genome instability .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65e611d24ef1a5c0723c0a7f0345c5d8",
"text": "Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies Familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies ( FENIB ) is a progressive disorder of the nervous system that is characterized by a loss of intellectual functioning ( dementia ) and seizures . At first , affected individuals may have difficulty sustaining attention and concentrating . Their judgment , insight , and memory become impaired as the condition progresses . Over time , they lose the ability to perform the activities of daily living , and most people with this condition eventually require comprehensive care . The signs and symptoms of familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies vary in their severity and age of onset . In severe cases , the condition causes seizures and episodes of sudden , involuntary muscle jerking or twitching ( myoclonus ) in addition to dementia . These signs can appear as early as a person 's teens . Less severe cases are characterized by a progressive decline in intellectual functioning beginning in a person 's forties or fifties . Mutations in the SERPINI1 gene cause familial encephalopathy with neuroserpin inclusion bodies . The SERPINI1 gene provides instructions for making a protein called neuroserpin . This protein is found in nerve cells , where it plays a role in the development and function of the nervous system . Neuroserpin helps control the growth of nerve cells and their connections with one another , which suggests that this protein may be important for learning and memory . Mutations in the gene result in the production of an abnormally shaped , unstable version of neuroserpin . Abnormal neuroserpin proteins can attach to one another and form clumps ( called neuroserpin inclusion bodies or Collins bodies ) within nerve cells . These clumps disrupt the cells ' normal functioning and ultimately lead to cell death . Progressive dementia results from this gradual loss of nerve cells in certain parts of the brain . Researchers believe that a buildup of related , potentially toxic substances in nerve cells may also contribute to the signs and symptoms of this condition . This condition is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern , which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause the disorder . In many cases , an affected person has a parent with the condition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb338cef415fce471641b40c7957409d",
"text": "Hypochondriasis Hypochondriasis , also known as hypochondria , health anxiety or illness anxiety disorder , refers to worry about having a serious illness . This debilitating condition is the result of an inaccurate perception of the condition of body or mind despite the absence of an actual medical condition . An individual suffering from hypochondriasis is known as a hypochondriac . Hypochondriacs become unduly alarmed about any physical or psychological symptoms they detect , no matter how minor the symptom may be , and are convinced that they have , or are about to be diagnosed with , a serious illness . Often , hypochondria persists even after a physician has evaluated a person and reassured them that their concerns about symptoms do not have an underlying medical basis or , if there is a medical illness , their concerns are far in excess of what is appropriate for the level of disease . Many hypochondriacs focus on a particular symptom as the catalyst of their worrying , such as gastro-intestinal problems , palpitations , or muscle fatigue . To qualify for the diagnosis of hypochondria the symptoms must have been experienced for at least 6 months . The DSM-IV-TR defines this disorder , `` Hypochondriasis '' , as a somatoform disorder and one study has shown it to affect about 3 % of the visitors to primary care settings . The newly published DSM-5 replaces the diagnosis of hypochondriasis with the diagnoses of `` somatic symptom disorder '' and `` illness anxiety disorder '' . Hypochondria is often characterized by fears that minor bodily or mental symptoms may indicate a serious illness , constant self-examination and self-diagnosis , and a preoccupation with one 's body . Many individuals with hypochondriasis express doubt and disbelief in the doctors ' diagnosis , and report that doctors ' reassurance about an absence of a serious medical condition is unconvincing , or short-lasting . Additionally , many hypochondriacs experience elevated blood pressure , stress , and anxiety in the presence of doctors or while occupying a medical facility , a condition known as `` white coat syndrome '' . Many hypochondriacs require constant reassurance , either from doctors , family , or friends , and the disorder can become a disabling torment for the individual with hypochondriasis , as well as his or her family and friends . Some hypochondriacal individuals completely avoid any reminder of illness , whereas others frequently visit medical facilities , sometimes obsessively . Some sufferers may never speak about it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6444d9af23f20c300c0886e1039dd6e",
"text": "Psychiatric epidemiology Psychiatric epidemiology is a field which studies the causes ( etiology ) of mental disorders in society , as well as conceptualization and prevalence of mental illness . It is a subfield of the more general epidemiology . It has roots in sociological studies of the early 20th century . However , while sociological exposures are still widely studied in psychiatric epidemiology , the field has since expanded to the study of a wide area of environmental risk factors , such as major life events , as well as genetic exposures . Increasingly neuroscientific techniques like MRI are used to explore the mechanisms behind how exposures to risk factors may impact psychological problems and explore the neuroanatomical substrate underlying psychiatric disorders .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48c94b685bce2d17425f3f5152a38e71",
"text": "Microinfarct A microinfarct is a microscopic stroke less than 1 millimeter in size . Microinfarcts can be found in 25-50 % of all elderly deceased persons . Microinfarcts may be the second most important cause of dementia , after Alzheimer 's disease . Microinfarcts are microscopic lesions , of cellular death or tissue necrosis , which are a result of pathologies involving small vessels . Such pathologies are arteriosclerosis or cerebral amyloid angiopathy . Microinfarcts take longer to affect neuronal death progress , at up to 28 days , rather than hours . Microinfarcts can range in size from 0.2 to 2.9 mm . This ailment usually goes undetected in clinical-radiological , like structural MRI , studies and is known as a `` silent pathology '' . Depending on the size , large acute microinfarcts may be detected via a special imaging known as diffusion weighted imaging . Microinfarcts tend to occur at a high frequency , without specific regionalized locations . They are common in aging brains . This high frequency is thought to directly disrupt cognitive networks that are imperative to brain operation . Even though microinfarcts are usually undetectable , there is a general assessment of the cognitive status measured on a scale called the Clinical Dementia Rating ( CDR ) . This scale measures different parts of the brain such as diffuse white matter , periventricular myelination and cortical microinfarcts . Assessments of cortical microinfarcts have had the highest rates with being associated with cognitive degeneration . This lower cognition specifically affects perceptual speed and memory ( semantic and episodic ) . People with high frequency of this ailment tend to have greater chances of developing dementia . Although not many studies have been conducted and little is known between microinfarcts and other vascular or epidemiological risk factors , these brain lesions are thought to be masked by other pathologies . However , the common macroscopic infarct is not exhibited in 45 % of people tested for microinfarcts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f8001ee72f9f87a759ab2ca6b465506",
"text": "List of questionable diseases This is a list of diseases and diagnoses that are considered questionable or rejected by many in the medical profession . Some are diagnosed using unvalidated or disputed diagnostic techniques such as applied kinesiology . Most purported symptoms are vague , generic , nonspecific , and generally categorised as `` symptoms of life '' . Adrenal fatigue Autistic enterocolitis Chronic Lyme disease Electromagnetic hypersensitivity Fan death Heavy legs Leaky gut syndrome Morgellons Multiple chemical sensitivity Non-coeliac gluten sensitivity Oral galvanism Wind turbine syndrome Wilson 's temperature syndrome , also called Wilson 's thyroid syndrome . Not to be confused with Wilson 's disease .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
d485f0960d2bee91b4e6025470268373 | Chad Hayes (writer) was born on the fourth month of the calendar year. | [
{
"docid": "a787a0ce02b524780a5e1f094b0762a2",
"text": "Chad Hayes (writer) Chad Hayes ( born April 21 , 1961 ) is an American author , writer , and actor , and twin brother of Carey Hayes . Chad Hayes was born in Portland , Oregon . Chad and his brother Carey have written several movies together , such as the 2005 remake of House of Wax and the planned remake of The Blob in 2011 . As a writer , he is also known for The Conjuring ( 2013 ) , and The Reaping ( 2007 ) . He and Carey , also starred in Doublemint gum commercials in their childhood . He has two children : Dylan and Hanna .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7615be5221c1f741abf7f033c4f1db1b",
"text": "Hayes Davenport Hayes Davenport ( born March 23 , 1986 ) is an American writer , comedian , and television producer . Hayes grew up in Massachusetts . He is best known as the co-host of the Earwolf production Hollywood Handbook alongside Sean Clements . Davenport has also appeared as a contestant on the game show Jeopardy! . He has written for Family Guy , Eastbound & Down , Allen Gregory , and Nick Swardson 's Pretend Time . He is currently a writer for the show Vice Principals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad331b6713f9e7e3f01aba59437f7481",
"text": "Richard Hayes (professor) Richard Hayes ( aka Dharmacārī Dayāmati ) ( born 1945 ) is an Emeritus professor of Buddhist philosophy at the University of New Mexico . He received his Ph.D. in religious studies from the University of Toronto in 1982 . Hayes moved to Canada in 1967 in order to avoid being drafted for the Vietnam War . Hayes is a noted scholar in the field of Buddhist Sanskrit , specializing in the study of Dharmakīrti and Dignāga . Hayes was formerly Professor of Sanskrit at McGill University in Canada . He joined the University of New Mexico in the fall of 2003 . and retired in 2014 . For many years Hayes was moderator and a prolific contributor to the now defunct online discussion group Buddha-L . Buddha-L attracted a mix of scholars and amateurs and hosted vigorous and at times acrimonious debates . As well as teaching Buddhism and Sanskrit , Hayes is himself a Buddhist and a Quaker . In a brief blog bio he says he was `` Initiated as a dharmachari with the name Dayāmati into the Triratna Buddhist Order on January 26 , 2000 . I am also a member of Albuquerque Monthly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends ( Quakers ) . Hayes is a noted essayist ( Land of No Buddha ) and blogger ( New City of Friends , Out of a Living Silence ) of considerable wit and clarity . He has expressed vehement political opinions , and been critical in particular of Republican politicians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8884cdbaebfc260ac266a6900bb3b9e4",
"text": "1184 Year 1184 ( MCLXXXIV ) was a leap year starting on Sunday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9836b461facc299f138c7d79616ab7fc",
"text": "Four Trials Four Trials is a book by former U.S. Senator John Edwards of North Carolina and his co-writer , John Auchard . The book was published by Simon & Schuster in December 2003 , before Edwards unsuccessfully ran for the Democratic Party presidential nomination and , later , vice president on the Democratic Party ticket with fellow Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts in the 2004 presidential election . The book is autobiographical in nature and relates the story of four civil trials where Edwards acted as an attorney for people seeking damages ( petitioners ) against large institutions and insurance companies ( respondents ) . Interspersing the stories of each trial are remembrances from Edwards 's childhood , time at the University of North Carolina School of Law , and meeting his wife , Elizabeth Anania Edwards . Edwards also wrote about his children ( including Wade , his teenage son who died in a car accident ) . The four trials are covered in four chapters : `` E.G. '' ( an alcoholic who was treated by an aggressive aversion therapy that caused coma and brain damage ) , `` Jennifer '' ( a woman whose child had serious injuries because her obstetrician did n't perform a Cesarean section ) , `` Josh '' ( a young child whose parents were killed in a car crash by a speeding truck driver who was paid by the number of miles he drove ) , and Valerie Lakey ( a girl , age five , who was seriously injured by a swimming pool drain due to a faulty design ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b55f25c288581829474497834533c42c",
"text": "Fourth Reading Fourth Reading was a weekly current events newsmagazine series in Canada , airing on TVOntario from 1992 to 2006 . It was hosted by Steve Paikin . The show covered provincial politics in Ontario and national political issues affecting the province . Its name derived from the parliamentary convention that a bill receives three readings in a legislative house before becoming law ; media coverage would therefore constitute a `` fourth reading '' . In 1997 , Minister of Education John Snobelen was being interviewed on a Thursday afternoon , for the show that would air the Friday night . During this interview , then-Premier Mike Harris announced a cabinet shuffle in which Snobelen became the Minister of Natural Resources . Category : Canadian television news programs Category : TVOntario shows Category :1992 Canadian television series debuts Category :2006 Canadian television series endings Category :1990 s Canadian television series Category :2000 s Canadian television series",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39365154d99a7841dd510123ad602be9",
"text": "February 4 This day marks the approximate midpoint of winter in the Northern Hemisphere and of summer in the Southern Hemisphere ( starting the season at the December solstice ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b83f4c1f87b4b6dfd5dba99ae7fe6e57",
"text": "1044 Year 1044 ( MXLIV ) was a leap year starting on Sunday ( link will display the full calendar ) of the Julian calendar .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576932fb43034f23c9f4a0129b5ca939",
"text": "On a Good Night On a Good Night is the second studio album released by American country music artist Wade Hayes . Released in 1996 on Columbia Records Nashville , it produced a # 2-peaking single on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks ( now Hot Country Songs ) charts in its title track that year . Like his previous album Old Enough to Know Better , On a Good Night also received gold certification in the U.S. for sales of more than 500,000 copies . `` Undo the Right '' was previously recorded by Willie Nelson on his 1962 album And Then I Wrote , and `` Hurts Do n't It '' was previously recorded by Greg Holland on his 1994 debut album Let Me Drive .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad7b5c9dae823ef76cd95f50e05a158b",
"text": "Calendar Boys `` Calendar Boys '' is an episode of the BBC sitcom , The Green Green Grass . It was screened on 22 January 2009 , as the third episode of the fourth series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fa77318750434b1ab2bb0c0c51afe6c",
"text": "Byron Bay Writers Festival The Byron Bay Writers Festival is a literary event taking place annually in Byron Bay , New South Wales . The festival commenced in 1997 , and is run over a weekend . As of 2010 it included presentations by over 100 participants . The festival has included interviews with a number of notable writers including Brett Easton Ellis , Matthew Reilly and Kathy Lette . In 2005 the festival had an audience of between 7,000 and 8,000 , an increase of 25 per cent over the previous year . Notable participants included Midnight Oil drummer and songwriter Rob Hirst , writers Delia Falconer and Kate Grenville , and novelist Robert Drewe who lives in the area . The tenth festival was held in 2006 , and attracted an audience of 9,000 across 90 sessions . Presenters included sports journalist Gideon Haigh , actor and writer William McInnes , and Robert Drewe . The 2010 appearance by Brett Easton Ellis received mixed coverage following his remarks , both at the festival and through Twitter , about Australian singer Delta Goodrem , commenting `` I did n't know who she was but God she 's really hot '' . The Byron Bay Writers Festival is organised through the Northern Rivers Writers ' Centre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "000b0d397b5559b88a3b5d1435224485",
"text": "Chad Kultgen Chad Kultgen ( born June 16 , 1976 ) is an American novelist and journalist . He has published opinion pieces in The Huffington Post , and was a staff writer for Hits and the Weekly World News . His works have been reviewed by Maxim , Penthouse , and The New York Times among others . He has several writing and production credits , including The Incredible Burt Wonderstone , a 2013 film starring Steve Carell . Critics have maintained that his male protagonists are misogynistic and trite . Kultgen says he frequently `` get -LSB- s -RSB- messages from people who did n't enjoy the books . They tend to be a bit irate and usually take the time to tell me that I 'm the worst living writer , the world would be a better place without me , I have no understanding of women or all of my books should be burned . '' A New York Times piece in 2011 interviewed people who asserted that characters in his works were based on them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06727a2877048e7cd84e08becd669292",
"text": "Packed to the Rafters (season 4) The fourth season of Packed to the Rafters '' , an Australian drama television series , began on 8 February 2011 on the Seven Network . The season concluded on 20 March 2012 after 22 episodes . Season four traces the family 's fortunes as they attempt to rebuild their lives in the aftermath of Melissa 's death . Strong family bonds ensure that traumatised Ben receives warm support as he takes his first steps back into the work-force . Slowly he learns to smile again , embracing a newfound interest in gardening and a growing friendship with his boss 's daughter Emma , which might hold the promise of something more . There are further love issues in the Karandonis household , with Carbo and Retta choosing to elope rather than face the comic extravagance of a Karandonis wedding . Julie and Dave , meanwhile , are forced to deal with the consequences for Rachel and Jake of a dangerous accusation flung at him by a drunken woman on a rugby weekend away . Rachel 's feelings for Jake are tested to the limit , especially when her boss throws into the confusing mix the chance of a lifetime to work in New York . The Rafters also wrestle with the unexpected arrival of new family members , not the least being the release from prison of Dave 's father , Tom . Tom 's never quite predictable manipulations ultimately force Dave to take a heart-breaking stand , and cause him to initially misjudge the intentions of his half-brother , Matt . Julie meanwhile finds a new best friend in Donna , though their initial exchanges are hilariously unpromising . Meanwhile , Nathan is searching for new direction in his life and his desire to travel forces Julie and Dave to undertake some soul-searching of their own . Ted is also keen to find a greater purpose , mentoring a troubled twelve-year-old boy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4af6e9d63d237c76a9ababf066f833da",
"text": "Hayes, Jamaica Hayes is a settlement in Jamaica . It has a population of 10,639 as of 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad00fc0961ec82807432cfa360a8f5eb",
"text": "Arden Hayes Arden Hayes ( born January 30 , 2008 ) is an American child prodigy . From Southern California , he became known at age 5 for his knowledge of American and geopolitics . Reciting Lincoln 's Gettysburg Address , and being able to identify the countries of the world and name the capitals of each . His interest in American presidents was sparked by Arden 's learning that he shares a birthday with former United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt . On May 4 , 2013 , Arden was featured in an article and video in the Los Angeles Times . This spurred many additional newspaper articles and blogs and Arden appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! on July 2 , 2013 , to demonstrate his knowledge regarding U.S. presidents . On November 5 , 2013 , Arden again appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and displayed his knowledge of the nations of the world and their capitals and rejected a free Sony Xperia Tablet Z because he preferred the Apple iPad and would rather wait until Christmas to receive it . He appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! for the third time on April 2 , 2014 , and showed his interest and knowledge about chemical elements in the periodic table . He appeared on the show again on November 23 , 2015 , when he won a shut-out victory against the cast of Star Wars : The Force Awakens in a Star Wars trivia contest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c77b3b547ffb3c731ce407089bd63bb0",
"text": "Haven (season 4) The fourth season of the American television series Haven premiered on September 13 , 2013 and consisted a total of 13 episodes . The show stars Emily Rose , Lucas Bryant and Eric Balfour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e674a3a8088d8243379a27d72a696d0",
"text": "4th millennium in fiction Fictional depictions of the 4th millennium AD ( 3001-4000 AD ) have appeared across nearly all media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e6032bbe791fffb4b28ee7ea9c590e8",
"text": "6/4 6/4 can refer to : June 4 ( month-day date notation ) Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 , also referred to the June Fourth Incident . 6 April ( day-month date notation ) 6/4 ( time signature ) , an time signature comparable to 6/8 or 3/4 time",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59bee6c044462659afc7329d1e821d55",
"text": "My Family (series 4) The fourth series of the BBC family sitcom My Family originally aired between 21 March 2003 and 25 December 2003 . The series was commissioned following consistently high ratings from the third series . The opening episode of the series , `` Fitting Punishment '' , re-introduces five of the main characters , with the exception of Janey , played by Daniela Denby-Ashe . The episode also introduces a further main character into the fold - Roger Bailey , played by Keiron Self . All fourteen episodes in the fourth series are thirty minutes in length , including the Christmas special . The series was once again produced by Rude Boy Productions , a company that produces comedies created by Fred Barron . The series was filmed at Pinewood Studios in London , in front of a live audience .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7a850deebe7aef1f4b6360243dd323f",
"text": "Yesterday's Song `` Yesterday 's Song '' is a song recorded by American singer Hunter Hayes as the lead single for his upcoming fourth studio album . Hayes co-wrote the track with Barry Dean and Martin Johnson and also assisted Dann Huff with production . It was released to digital retailers on September 23 , 2016 and officially impacted American country radio on October 24 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be009fdb815e596f31856fb61c504fb3",
"text": "Drew Hayes Lawrence Andrew `` Drew '' Hayes ( July 20 , 1969 -- March 21 , 2007 ) was a writer and graphic artist who is best known as the creator of the long-running independent comic book series Poison Elves . Hayes began self-publishing I , Lusiphur under the Mulehide Graphics imprint in 1991 . He changed the series title to Poison Elves with # 8 , and continued through # 20 . During this period , he was a prominent example of creators distributing their black and white comics to the direct market . In 1995 he signed a `` lifetime contract '' assigning the rights to the series to Sirius Entertainment , where he produced another 79 issues and a color special , the last of which was published in September 2004 . His work has been collected in ten Poison Elves paperbacks . He engaged in an ongoing mock `` feud '' with fellow comics creator Brian Bendis in the letters pages of their books . Hayes suffered from health problems which hampered his ability to create comics . He was overweight , had suffered cardiac damage from sleep apnea , and had been hospitalized more than once . After undergoing treatment in the hospital and losing weight , he planned to resume creating new issues of Poison Elves , but died at the age of 37 , of a heart attack while suffering from pneumonia .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
06d6ced60574d6c2aeda6362e73514aa | Cleopatra's lover was a person. | [
{
"docid": "ecf6240053182ecb3ec0af45e6eb0f44",
"text": "Julius Caesar Gaius Julius Caesar ( -LSB- ˈɡaː.i.ʊs ˈjuː.li.ʊs ˈkae̯.sar -RSB- ; 13 July 100 BC -- 15 March 44 BC ) , known as Julius Caesar , was a Roman politician , general , and notable author of Latin prose . He played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire . In 60 BC , Caesar , Crassus , and Pompey formed a political alliance that dominated Roman politics for several years . Their attempts to amass power as Populares were opposed by the Optimates within the Roman Senate , among them Cato the Younger with the frequent support of Cicero . Caesar 's victories in the Gallic Wars , completed by 51 BC , extended Rome 's territory to the English Channel and the Rhine . Caesar became the first Roman general to cross both the Channel and the Rhine , when he built a bridge across the Rhine and crossed the Channel to invade Britain . These achievements granted him unmatched military power and threatened to eclipse the standing of Pompey , who had realigned himself with the Senate after the death of Crassus in 53 BC . With the Gallic Wars concluded , the Senate ordered Caesar to step down from his military command and return to Rome . Caesar refused the order , and instead marked his defiance in 49 BC by crossing the Rubicon with the 13th Legion , leaving his province and illegally entering Roman Italy under arms . Civil war resulted , and Caesar 's victory in the war put him in an unrivalled position of power and influence . After assuming control of government , Caesar began a programme of social and governmental reforms , including the creation of the Julian calendar . He centralised the bureaucracy of the Republic and was eventually proclaimed `` dictator in perpetuity '' , giving him additional authority . But the underlying political conflicts had not been resolved , and on the Ides of March ( 15 March ) 44 BC , Caesar was assassinated by a group of rebellious senators led by Marcus Junius Brutus . A new series of civil wars broke out , and the constitutional government of the Republic was never fully restored . Caesar 's adopted heir Octavian , later known as Augustus , rose to sole power after defeating his opponents in the civil war . Octavian set about solidifying his power , and the era of the Roman Empire began . Much of Caesar 's life is known from his own accounts of his military campaigns , and from other contemporary sources , mainly the letters and speeches of Cicero and the historical writings of Sallust . The later biographies of Caesar by Suetonius and Plutarch are also major sources . Caesar is considered by many historians to be one of the greatest military commanders in history .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fa404123b0e5f3e1fb50964497840e3",
"text": "Cleopatra Cleopatra VII Philopator ( Κλεοπάτρα Φιλοπάτωρ 69 -- August 12 , 30 BC ) , known to history simply as Cleopatra , was the last active ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt , briefly survived as pharaoh by her son Caesarion . After her reign , Egypt became a province of the recently established Roman Empire . Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty , a Greek family of Macedonian origin that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great 's death during the Hellenistic period . The Ptolemies spoke Greek throughout their dynasty , and refused to speak Egyptian , which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone . By contrast , Cleopatra did learn to speak Egyptian and represented herself as the reincarnation of the Egyptian goddess Isis . Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father Ptolemy XII Auletes , and later with her brothers Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV , whom she married as per Egyptian custom , but eventually she became sole ruler . As queen , she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne . She later elevated Caesarion , her son with Caesar , to co-ruler in name . After Caesar 's assassination in 44 BC , she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar 's legal heir Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus ( later known as Augustus ) . With Antony , she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios , and son Ptolemy Philadelphus ( her unions with her brothers had produced no children ) . Antony committed suicide after losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian 's forces , and Cleopatra followed suit . According to a popular belief , she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12 , 30 BC . She was outlived by Caesarion , who was declared pharaoh by his supporters , but he was soon killed on Octavian 's orders . Egypt then became the Roman province of Aegyptus . Her legacy survives in numerous works of art and many dramatizations of incidents from her life in literature and other media , such as William Shakespeare 's tragedy Antony and Cleopatra , George Frideric Handel 's opera Giulio Cesare , George Bernard Shaw 's play Caesar and Cleopatra , Jules Massenet 's opera Cléopâtre , and the films Cleopatra ( 1934 ) and Cleopatra ( 1963 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc4ecb95cfd32e4a8435c659e6087b8c",
"text": "Mark Antony Marcus Antonius ( Latin : ; January 14 , August 1 , 30 BC ) , commonly known in English as Mark or Marc Antony , was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from an oligarchy into the autocratic Roman Empire . Antony was a supporter of Julius Caesar , and served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and the Civil War . Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece , North Africa , and Spain . After Caesar 's death in 44 BC , Antony joined forces with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus , another of Caesar 's generals , and Octavian , Caesar 's nephew and adopted son , forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate . The Triumvirs defeated Caesar 's murderers , the Liberatores , at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC , and divided the government of the Republic between themselves . Antony was assigned Rome 's eastern provinces , including the client kingdom of Egypt , then ruled by Cleopatra VII Philopator , and was given the command in Rome 's war against Parthia . Relations among the Triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power . Civil war between Antony and Octavian was averted in 40 BC , when Antony married Octavian 's sister , Octavia . Despite this marriage , Antony carried on a love affair with Cleopatra , who bore him three children , further straining Antony 's relations with Octavian . Lepidus was expelled from the association in 36 BC , and in 33 BC disagreements between Antony and Octavian caused a split between the remaining Triumvirs . Their ongoing hostility erupted into civil war in 31 BC , as the Roman Senate , at Octavian 's direction , declared war on Cleopatra and proclaimed Antony a traitor . Later that year , Antony was defeated by Octavian 's forces at the Battle of Actium . Antony and Cleopatra fled to Egypt , where they committed suicide . With Antony dead , Octavian was the undisputed master of the Roman world . In 27 BC , Octavian was granted the title of Augustus , marking the final stage in the transformation of the Roman Republic into an empire , with himself as the first Roman emperor .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "375d2ad917f550a66864b266e075bf8c",
"text": "Juba II Juba II ( Berber : Yuba , ⵢⵓⴱⴰ ; Iuba in Latin ; Ἰóβας , Ἰóβα or Ἰούβας ) or Juba II of Numidia ( 52/50 BC -- AD 23 ) was a king of Numidia and then later moved to Mauretania . His first wife was Cleopatra Selene II , daughter of Greek Ptolemaic Queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbc56d2a0f939cff71a82fb51d8ae594",
"text": "Sotades Sotades ( Σωτάδης 3rd century BC ) was an Ancient Greek poet . Sotades was born in Maroneia , either the one in Thrace , or in Crete . He lived in Alexandria during the reign of Ptolemy II Philadelphus ( 285-246 BC ) . The city was at that time a remarkable center of learning , with a great deal of artistic and literary activity , including epic poetry and the Great Library . Only a few genuine fragments of his work have been preserved ; those in Stobaeus are generally considered spurious . Ennius translated some poems of this kind , included in his book of satires under the name of Sola . He had a son named Apollonius . Sotades was the chief representative of the writers of obscene and even pederastic satirical poems , called Kinaidoi , composed in the Ionic dialect and in the metre named after him . The sotadic metre or sotadic verse , which has been classified by ancient and modern scholars as a form of ionic metre , is one that reads backwards and forwards the same , as `` llewd did I live , and evil I did dwell . '' These verses have also been called palindromic . Sotades was also the author of some of the first recorded palindromes , and many credit him with the invention of that particular genre of composition . One of his poems attacked Ptolemy 's marriage to his own sister Arsinoe , from which came the infamous line : `` You 're sticking your prick in an unholy hole . '' For this , Sotades was imprisoned , but he escaped to the island of Caunus , where he was afterwards captured by Patroclus , Ptolemy 's admiral , shut up in a leaden chest , and thrown into the sea . ( Kaunos was a mythological character who fell in love with his sister ; Kaunos is the city named after him , in ancient Caria , Anatolia . ) British Orientalist and explorer Sir Richard Francis Burton ( 1821-1890 ) hypothesised the existence of a `` Sotadic zone '' . He asserted that there exists a geographic zone in which pederasty , i.e. romantic-sexual intimacy between a boy and a man , is prevalent and celebrated among the indigenous inhabitants , and named it after Sotades .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ffc934ed9224edb8b114d87fd21c856",
"text": "Anteros In Greek mythology , Anteros ( Ἀντέρως , Antérōs ) was the god of requited love , literally `` love returned '' or `` counter-love '' and also the punisher of those who scorn love and the advances of others , or the avenger of unrequited love . Anteros was the son of Ares and Aphrodite in Greek mythology , given as a playmate to his brother Eros , who was lonely -- the rationale being that love must be answered if it is to prosper . Alternatively , he was said to have arisen from the mutual love between Poseidon and Nerites . Physically , he is depicted as similar to Eros in every way , but with long hair and plumed butterfly wings . He has been described also as armed with either a golden club or arrows of lead . Anteros , with Eros , was one of a host of winged love gods called Erotes , the ever-youthful winged gods of love , usually depicted as winged boys in the company of Aphrodite or her attendant goddesses . An altar to this god was put up by the metics in Athens in commemoration of the spurned love of the metic Timagoras who was rejected by the Athenian Meles . Upon hearing Timagoras ' declaration of love for him , the young man mockingly ordered him to throw himself down from the top of a tall rock . Seeing Timagoras dead , Meles repented and threw himself down from the same rock . Describing the nature of the emotion , Plato asserts that it is the result of the great love for another person . The lover , inspired by beauty , is filled with divine love and `` filling the soul of the loved one with love in return . '' As a result , the loved one falls in love with the lover , though the love is only spoken of as friendship . They experience pain when the two are apart , and relief when they are together , the mirror image of the lover 's feelings , is anteros , or `` counter-love . '' Anteros is the subject of the Shaftesbury Memorial in Piccadilly Circus , London , where he symbolises the selfless philanthropic love of the Earl of Shaftesbury for the poor . The memorial is sometimes given the name The Angel of Christian Charity and is popularly mistaken for Eros .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcc167bb87707421447cc8aba6d037fa",
"text": "Mithridates I of the Bosporus Mithridates I of the Bosporus sometimes known as Mithridates II of the Bosporan and Mithridates of Pergamon ( flourished 1st century BC ) , was a nobleman from Anatolia . Mithridates was one of the sons born to King Mithridates VI of Pontus from his mistress , the Galatian Celtic Princess Adobogiona the Elder . He also had a full blooded sister called Adobogiona the Younger . The Pontic Prince was of Persian , Macedonian and Celtic ancestry . His father sent Mithridates to Pergamon to be educated , where he became a leading citizen of that city . Mithridates was a tetrarch over the Trocmi tribe . In the winter of 48/47 BC , Roman dictator Julius Caesar became trapped in Alexandria , Egypt . Caesar was besieged in Alexandria by the armies of Achillas , guardian and general for King Ptolemy XIII Theos Philopator . Mithridates raised an army and came to Caesar 's relief . In the aftermath of the Battle of Zela , Caesar made him king of the Bosporan Kingdom , by commanding Mithridates to declare war on his niece Dynamis and her husband Asander ( who were then the ruling monarchs ) to keep the kingship for himself . Dynamis and Asander were defeated by Mithridates and his army , and Mithridates became King of the Bosporan . However , after Caesar 's death in 44 BC , the Bosporan Kingdom was restored to Dynamis and Asander by Caesar 's great nephew and heir , Octavian ( future Roman Emperor Augustus ) . Sometime after Mithridates abdicated his throne from the Bosporan Kingdom , he died . Mithridates was portrayed by Furio Meniconi in the 1963 film Cleopatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "913f519527aebabde10a3bf31991ce8f",
"text": "Cleopatra ballet Cleopatra is a dramatic ballet in one act , with choreography and libretto by Michel Fokine , and music by Anton Arensky , Alexander Taneyev , Nikolai Rimsky-Korsakov , Mikhail Glinka , Alexander Glazunov , Modeste Mussorgsky , Nikolai Tcherepnin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "371207b2513cf5215f1d2cc7d3e7a7f5",
"text": "Athenion (general) Athenion was in the late 30s BC a military commander of the Egyptian queen Cleopatra in Coele-Syria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f37bcef89208028fd10a3b3372179e7",
"text": "Philometor Philometor , meaning `` mother-loving '' , was a common royal epithet among Hellenistic monarchs : Antiochus VIII Philometor , Seleucid King Ariarathes VII Philometor , King of Cappadocia Attalus III Philometor Euergetes , King of Pergamon Cleopatra Philometor Soteira , Queen of Egypt Paerisades IV Philometor , King of the Bosporan Kingdom Ptolemy VI Philometor , King of Egypt Ptolemy XV Philopator Philometor Caesar , son of Cleopatra VII and Julius Caesar Seleucus V Philometor , Seleucid King Seleucus VII Philometor , Seleucid King",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afb16f7593acce52e67670f2f6f15448",
"text": "Laodice VI Laodice VI ( flourished 2nd century BC , died 115 -- 113 BC ) was a Greek Seleucid Princess and through marriage was a Queen of the Kingdom of Pontus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cfe71699d18776178f3fd95debf5796c",
"text": "Lysander (A Midsummer Night's Dream) Lysander is a fictional character in William Shakespeare 's play A Midsummer Night 's Dream . A handsome young man of Athens , Lysander is in love with Egeus 's daughter Hermia . Unfortunately , Egeus does not approve of Lysander and would prefer his daughter to marry a man called Demetrius . Meanwhile , Hermia 's friend Helena has fallen in love with Demetrius . When Hermia is forced to choose between dying , never seeing a man again or marrying Demetrius , she and Lysander run away into the forest . They face different problems in the forest between love . After Lysander is put under Puck 's spell , being mistaken for Demetrius he falls in love with Helena . After lots of fighting the spell is reversed and Lysander marries Hermia and they live very happy lives together . He comes across as a very deep and passionate lover in the play . He is a strong character and does get confused , but this is purposely achieved as Puck applies a potion which makes his relationship with Hermia fade until he removes it and they marry and live happily ever after . He has often been compared to the character of Romeo in Romeo and Juliet . Shakespeare wrote the play around the same time he was writing A Midsummer Night 's Dream and some scholars have come to the conclusion that the two characters in the different plays are rather similar . Both are passionate lovers who would do anything for those they love .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27011320cc194fd68f9cae1597827f60",
"text": "Epagathus Epagathus was an Ancient Roman politician of the early third century . He was a profligate freedman , who along with Theocritus , a personage of the same class and stamp with himself , exercised unbounded influence over Caracalla , and was retained in the service of his successor . After the disastrous battle of Antioch in 218 , he was despatched by Macrinus to place Diadumenianus under the protection of the Parthian king , Artabanus IV . At a subsequent period we find that the death of the celebrated Domitius Ulpianus was ascribed to his machinations , although the causes and circumstances of that event are involved in deep obscurity . Alexander Severus , apprehensive lest some tumult should arise at Rome , were he openly to take vengeance on Epagathus , nominated him prefect of Egypt . But soon afterwards Severus recalled Epagathus from there and caused him to be conducted to Crete , and there Epagathus was quietly put to death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a2f3f5eac7beb47f3e795ec2d80ec98",
"text": "Thrasyllus of Mendes Thrasyllus of Mendes ( -LSB- θrəˈsɪləs -RSB- Θράσυλλος Μενδήσιος ) , also known as Thrasyllus of Alexandria and by his Roman citizenship name Tiberius Claudius Thrasyllus ( Τιβέριος Κλαύδιος Θράσυλλος fl . second half of the 1st century BC and first half of the 1st century -- died 36 , ) , was an Egyptian Greek grammarian and literary commentator . Thrasyllus was an astrologer and a personal friend of the Roman emperor Tiberius , as mentioned in the Annals by Tacitus and The Twelve Caesars by Suetonius .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dcc02ab43a877ee36f75e6d52356ffb",
"text": "Cleopatra Selene II Cleopatra Selene II ( Greek : Κλεοπάτρα Σελήνη ; late 40 BC -- c. 6 BC ) , also known as Cleopatra VIII of Egypt or Cleopatra VIII , was a Ptolemaic Princess and was the only daughter to Greek Ptolemaic queen Cleopatra VII of Egypt and Roman triumvir Mark Antony . She was the fraternal twin of Ptolemaic prince Alexander Helios . Her second name in ancient and modern Greek means moon , also meaning the Titaness-Goddess of the Moon Selene , being the counterpart of her twin brother ` s second name Helios , meaning sun and the Titan-God of the Sun Helios . She was of Greek and Roman heritage . Cleopatra was born , raised and educated in Alexandria , Egypt . In 36 BC in the Donations of Antioch and in late 34 BC during the Donations of Alexandria , she was made ruler of Cyrenaica and Libya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7d8f872f3a5d2e765255b50169dc02d",
"text": "Marcus Gavius Apicius Marcus Gavius Apicius is believed to have been a Roman gourmet and lover of luxury , who lived sometime in the 1st century AD , during the reign of Tiberius . The Roman cookbook Apicius is often attributed to him , though it is impossible to prove the connection . He was the subject of On the Luxury of Apicius , a famous work , now lost , by the Greek grammarian Apion . M. Gavius Apicius apparently owed his cognomen ( his third name ) to an earlier Apicius , who lived around 90 BC , whose family name it may have been : if this is true , Apicius had come to mean `` gourmand '' as a result of the fame of this earlier lover of luxury . Evidence for the life of M. Gavius Apicius derives partly from contemporary or almost-contemporary sources but is partly filtered through the above-named work by Apion , whose purpose was presumably to explain the names and origins of luxury foods , especially those anecdotally linked to Apicius . From these sources the following anecdotes about M. Gavius Apicius ( hereafter called Apicius ) survive : to what extent they form a real biography is doubtful . Sejanus ( 20 BC -- 18 October 31 ) , afterwards well known as the minister and confidant of the emperor Tiberius , had in his youth `` sold his body to Apicius '' : Tacitus , Annals 4.1 . Apicius dined with Maecenas ( 70 -- 8 BC ) , Augustus 's adviser : Martial , Epigrams 10.73 . It is possible that Martial drew this idea from a facile comparison made by Seneca between Maecenas , cultural adviser , and Apicius , gastronomic adviser . Drusus ( 13 BC - 14 September AD 23 ) , son of Tiberius , was persuaded by Apicius not to eat cymae , cabbage tops or cabbage sprouts , because they were a common food : Pliny the Elder , Natural History 19.137 . The consuls of AD 28 , Junius Blaesus and Lucius Antistius Vetus , dined luxuriously at Apicius ' house : Aelian , Letters nos 113-114 Domingo-Forasté . Tiberius saw a big red mullet in the market and wagered that Apicius or Publius Octavius would buy it . Both men began bidding for it and Octavius won : Seneca , Letters to Lucilius 95.42 . Apicius lived at Minturnae ( Campania ) . Having heard of the boasted size and sweetness of the shrimps taken near the Libyan coast , Apicius commandeered a boat and crew , but when he arrived , disappointed by the shrimps he was offered by the local fishermen who came alongside in their boats , and comparing them to the excllent crawfish he was accustomed to at his villa , he turned round and returned to Minturnae `` without going ashore '' : Athenaeus , Deipnosophistae 1.7 a. Apicius was `` born to enjoy every extravagant luxury that could be contrived '' . He advised that red mullet were at their best if , before cooking , they had been drowned in a bath of fish sauce made from red mullet : Pliny , Natural History 9:30 . Apicius advised that flamingo 's tongue was of superb flavour : Pliny , Natural History ' 10:133 Based on existing methods of producing goose liver ( foie gras ) , Apicius devised a similar method of producing pork liver . He fed his pigs with dried figs and slaughtered them with an overdose of mulsum ( honeyed wine ) : Pliny , Natural History 8.209 . Having spent a fortune of 100 million sestertii on his kitchen , spent all the gifts he had received from the Imperial court , and thus swallowed up his income in lavish hospitality , Apicius found that he had only 10 million sestertii left . Afraid of dying in relative poverty , he poisoned himself : Seneca , Consolatio ad Helviam 10 . Several recipes were named after Apicius , and probably M. Gavius Apicius is the person intended : A method of cooking cabbage , marinading in oil and salt and using soda to retain greenness : Pliny , Natural History 19.143 . A kind of cake : Chrysippus of Tyana quoted by Athenaeus , Deipnosophistae 647c . Seven recipes in the Apicius cookbook . Throughout Roman literature Apicius is named in moralizing contexts as the typical gourmet or glutton . Seneca , for example , says that he `` proclaimed the science of the cookshop '' and corrupted the age with his example ( Seneca , Consolatio ad Helviam 10 ) . Around the 4th and 5th centuries , Apicius begins to be named as an author : this may be an indication that cookbooks titled Apicius were in circulation by that time . The first such reference may be that in the Scholia on Juvenal ( 4.22 ) , which assert that Apicius wrote about how to arrange dinners , and about sauces .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c73ddc7efa0ebd83287ec4ff79039eaf",
"text": "Antony and Cleopatra (1913 film) Antony and Cleopatra ( Italian : Marcantonio e Cleopatra ) is a 1913 Italian silent historical film directed by Enrico Guazzoni and starring Gianna Terribili-Gonzales , Amleto Novelli and Ignazio Lupi . The film is an adaptation of William Shakespeare 's play of the same title , with inspiration also drawn from a poem by Pietro Cossa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "491e5287e8efbb089557782d5c52e25f",
"text": "The Tale of Two Lovers The Tale of Two Lovers ( Historia de duobus amantibus ) written in 1444 was one of the bestselling books of the fifteenth century , even before its author , Aeneas Sylvius Piccolomini , became Pope Pius II . It is one of the earliest examples of an epistolary novel , full of erotic imagery . The first printed edition was published by Ulrich Zel in Cologne between 1467 and 1470 . The novel is set in Siena , and centres around the love story of Lucretia , a married woman , and Euryalus , one of the men waiting on the Duke of Austria . After an uncertain beginning , in which each is in love but unaware that it is reciprocated , they begin a correspondence , which takes up much of the rest of the novel . Before writing his first love-letter , Euryalus quotes Virgil in defence of his position , Amor vincit omnia et nos cedamus amori ( translated : `` Love conquers all ; let us all yield to love ! '' ) The lovers were identified by some with Kaspar Schlick , the chancellor of Sigismund , Holy Roman Emperor and a daughter of the elder Mariano Sozzini , Aeneas ' law teacher at the University of Siena . This equation of characters is no longer accepted . The Latin text was edited most recently in 2001 . Translations have been made into several languages , including English .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "969f6c2a3c65cf864c5bea008c40e8af",
"text": "Mithridates II of Commagene Mithridates II Antiochus Epiphanes Philorhomaeus Philhellen Monocrites ( Μιθριδάτης Ἀντίοχος ὀ Ἐπιφανής Φιλορωμαίος Φιλέλλην Μονοκρίτης , died 20 BC ) , also known as Mithridates II of Commagene , was a man of Armenian and Greek descent who lived in the 1st century BC . He was a prince of Commagene and one of the sons of King Antiochus I Theos of Commagene and Queen Isias Philostorgos of Commagene . When his father died in 38 BC , he succeeded his father and reigned until his death . According to Plutarch , he was an ally of the Roman triumvir Mark Antony . He also married off his daughter to the Parthian king Orodes II . In 31 BC , Mithridates personally led his forces to Actium in Greece in support of Antony in the war against Caesar Octavian , the future Roman emperor Augustus . After the defeat of Antony , however , Mithridates became a loyal ally to Augustus . Nevertheless , Augustus forced Mithridates to hand over a village in Commagene called Zeugma , which was a major crossing point of the Euphrates River , to the Roman province of Syria . To show his support for Augustus , Mithridates dropped the title Philhellen ( `` friend of the Greeks '' ) from his Aulic titulature and adopted the title Philorhomaeus ( `` friend of the Romans '' ) instead . Both titles were derived from the Commagenean royal cult that Mithridates ' father had founded , and in which Mithridates played an important role . His other title Monocrites is an otherwise unattested title and was most likely a judicial function within the royal administration and a sign of his high social standing . Mithridates had a brother , Antiochus II of Commagene , who was also a prince of the kingdom . In 29 BC , Antiochus was summoned to Rome and executed by Roman emperor Augustus , because Antiochus had caused the assassination of an ambassador whom Mithridates had sent to Rome . According to an inscription on a funerary altar of a local wealthy leading family , found in the Turkish village of Sofraz and dating to around the mid-1st century , the wife of Mithridates was a Greek woman called Laodice . The altar inscribes the names of seven generations of family members , including the names of Mithridates , of his father and of his wife . When Mithridates died in 20 BC , his son by Laodice , Mithridates III of Commagene , succeeded him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e457ca7adba88931215d9dda280a0e6",
"text": "Epaphroditus (disambiguation) Epaphroditus or Epaphroditos ( επαφροδιτος , `` beloved-of-Aphrodite '' ) may refer to : Epaphroditus ( freedman of Augustus ) , could not prevent the suicide of Cleopatra VII of Egypt ( 30 BC ) Epaphroditus , ( 1st century ) , sent by the Philippians to minister to Paul of Tarsus Epaphroditos , ( 1st century ) , freedman and secretary of Nero Marcus Mettius Epaphroditus , ( 1st century ) , grammarian from Chaeronea Epaphroditus Champion ( 1756 -- 1834 ) , U.S. Congressman from Connecticut serving from 1807 to 1818 Epaphroditus Ransom ( 1798 -- 1859 ) , governor of Michigan from 1848 to 1850",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4faea738b24b6a24f1405f919478ac8",
"text": "Apollonie Sabatier Apollonie Sabatier ( born Aglaé Joséphine Savatier ; 1822 -- 1890 ) was a French courtesan , salon holder , artists ' muse and bohémienne in 1850s Paris . She hosted a salon in Paris on Rue Frochot , where she met nearly all of the French artists of her time , such as Gérard de Nerval , Nina de Villard , Arsène Houssaye , Edmond Richard , Gustave Flaubert , Louis Bouilhet , Maxime du Camp , Gustave Ricard , Judith Gautier , daughter of Théophile ; Ernest Feydeau , father of Georges Feydeau , Hector Berlioz , Paul de Saint-Victor , Alfred de Musset , Henry Monnier , Victor Hugo , Ernest Meissonnier , Charles Augustin Sainte-Beuve , Charles Jalabert , Ernesta Grisi , Gustave Doré , the musician Ernest Reyer , James Pradier , Auguste Préault , Jules Barbey d'Aurevilly , Auguste Clésinger and Édouard Manet . Gustave Flaubert , Théophile Gautier and some others have written articles about her and she was one of four women ( Caroline , Jeanne Duval , herself and Marie Daubrun ) who inspired Charles Baudelaire 's famous work Les Fleurs du Mal . Edmond de Goncourt was the first to nickname her `` La Présidente '' . In Gustave Courbet 's painting L'Atelier du peintre she is said to be shown together with her longtime lover , the Belgian tycoon Alfred Mosselman ( 1810-1867 ) . After his death she was the longtime mistress to art collector and donor to the Wallace fountains , Sir Richard Wallace , 1st Baronet . She also entered works for the Paris Salon , and was among the artists rejected from the 1863 exhibition who chose to show their works in the Salon des Refusés ( Miniatures , Nos. 503-505 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1951ac85b98f8d7bf8a9b57001ca1ee2",
"text": "Nicaea of Macedon Nicaea ( Nίκαια , c. 335 BC -- c. 302 BC ) was a Greek Macedonian noblewoman and was a daughter of the powerful regent Antipater . Her mother 's name is unknown . She was born and raised in Macedonia while her father was governor of Macedonia during the reign of Greek King Alexander the Great . Nicaea was sent by her father to Asia accompanied by her brother Iollas and a certain Archias in 323 BC to be married to the Macedonian military commander , Perdiccas , at a time when Perdiccas still hoped to maintain friendly relations with the regent . Perdiccas , despite already entertaining hostile designs , married Nicaea . Not so long afterwards , on the advice of Eumenes , Perdiccas decided to divorce Nicaea , so he could marry Cleopatra of Macedon , the full sister of Alexander the Great . Perdiccas took this step before setting out on his expedition to Egypt . His decision to divorce Nicaea led to an immediate rupture in the relations between Perdiccas and Antipater . Around 321 BC , as part of an alliance agreement , Antipater married Nicaea to Lysimachus who governed Thrace . In 306 BC Lysimachus became King of Thrace , Asia Minor and Macedon . Nicaea bore Lysimachus three children : one son Agathocles ; and two daughters : Eurydice and Arsinoe I. Nicaea died from unknown causes sometime between 302 BC and 300 BC . Shortly after her death , Lysimachus renamed a city in Bithynia , Asia Minor , calling the city Nicaea ( modern İznik , Turkey ) in honour of his late wife .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bc99e62ffe5ed286a61ad4273772df8",
"text": "Bianca (Othello) Bianca is a fictional character in William Shakespeare 's Othello ( c. 1601 -- 1604 ) . She is Cassio 's jealous lover . Despite her brief appearance on stage , Bianca plays a significant role in the progress of Iago 's scheme to incite Othello 's jealousy of Cassio . Bianca is traditionally regarded as a courtesan , although this occupation is not specifically designated in the drama . The character was occasionally cut from performances in the 19th century on moral grounds . Bianca is not to be confused with Bianca Minola in Shakespeare 's The Taming of the Shrew .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
1c26df2615918277138e2d916ce1f06d | Ryder is also known as Ryder System, Inc. | [
{
"docid": "b8a7a69081fb47bbe5a3443da88c4e5f",
"text": "Ryder Ryder System , Inc. , or Ryder , is an American-based provider of transportation and supply chain management products , and is especially known for its fleet of rental trucks . Ryder specializes in fleet management , supply chain management and dedicated contracted carriage . Ryder operates in North America , the United Kingdom and Asia . It has its headquarters in suburban Miami , Florida within Miami-Dade County .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "377e7d6b49d1bb23ca483cc47e1f8964",
"text": "Division (business) A division of a business , sometimes called a business sector , is one of the parts into which a business , organization or company is divided . The divisions are distinct parts of that business . If these divisions are all part of the same company , then that company is legally responsible for all of the obligations and debts of the divisions . However , in a large organization , various parts of the business may be run by different subsidiaries , and a business division may include one or many subsidiaries . Each subsidiary is a separate legal entity owned by the primary business or by another subsidiary in the hierarchy . Often a division operates under a separate name and is the equivalent of a corporation or limited liability company obtaining a fictitious name or `` doing business as '' certificate and operating a business under that fictitious name . Companies often set up business units to operate in divisions prior to the legal formation of subsidiaries . Generally , only an `` entity '' , e.g. a corporation , public limited company ( plc ) or limited liability company , etc. would have a `` division '' ; an individual operating in this manner would simply be `` operating under a fictitious name '' . An example of this would be to look at Hewlett Packard ( HP ) , the computer and printer company . HP has several divisions , with the printer division , that makes laser and inkjet printers , being the largest and most profitable division . The divisions of HP , like the Printing & Multifunction division , the Handheld Devices ( includes the old calculator ) division , the Servers division ( mini and mainframe computers ) , etc. , all use the HP brand name . But , Compaq ( a part of HP since 2002 ) , operates as a subsidiary , using the Compaq brand name . Mack Trucks continues to run itself separately , but is a wholly owned subsidiary of AB Volvo . Volvo Trucks also sells trucks under the Volvo name . Within Mack , there is a division named Mack de Venezuela C.A. that does final assembly and sells trucks in South America . Another less obvious example is that Google Video is a division of Google , and is part of the same corporate entity . But the YouTube video service is a subsidiary of Google because it remains operated as YouTube , LLC , a separate business entity even though it is owned by Google .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "790b60e53150da89b4887581b5f602f9",
"text": "XRS Corporation XRS Corporation ( NASDAQ : XRSC ) ( Formally `` XATA Corporation '' ) provides on-demand software and services to the trucking industry . Based in Eden Prairie , Minn. , XRS 's software solutions and services deliver data on vehicle and driver performance . Fleet managers , dispatchers and drivers collect , sort , view and analyze the data to improve savings , safety and regulatory compliance . XRS solutions include XataNet , a full fleet solution for private and for-hire fleets , and Turnpike , a solution that runs on drivers ' existing cell phones , smartphones and tablet computers . On April 7 2009 , XRS Corporation was sued among some other defendants over patent infringement . XRS introduced an all-mobile platform of the same name for trucking compliance , performance and fleet optimization . The announcements came on August 13 , 2012 during the Xata User Event ( XUE ) in Minneapolis , the same day that they announced the change from their former name `` XATA Corporation '' In 2010 , XRS earned the rank of 363 on the Technology Fast 500 ( TM ) list , which is Deloitte LLP 's ranking of 500 of the fastest growing technology , media , telecommunications , life sciences and clean technology companies in North America . The Minnesota High Tech Association ( MHTA ) , in partnership with Enterprise Minnesota and LifeScience Alley , named Xata Corporation as the recipient of the 2009 Tekne Award in the Technology Services award category .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85c1ea75f0369afe37c8943a7bf6a41e",
"text": "1989 Ryder Cup The 28th Ryder Cup Matches were held 22 -- 24 September 1989 at The Belfry in Wishaw , Warwickshire , England , near Sutton Coldfield . For only the second time , the competition ended in a draw at 14 points each , but the European team retained the Cup since they had won it outright in 1987 . Europe held a two-point lead , 9 to 7 , entering the singles matches on Sunday , and the match which retained the Cup for Europe was the eighth , between José Maria Cañizares and Ken Green . Cañizares made a two-foot ( 0.6 m ) putt on the 18th green to win 1 up and give Europe a 14 -- 10 lead , with four matches remaining on the course . The final four matches all resulted in U.S. wins and an overall draw . This was the first Ryder Cup played in Europe to be televised live in the United States . It was carried by the USA Network on cable , with video provided by the BBC . The U.S. television coverage in 1985 was a highlight show on ESPN in early November , over a month after its completion . NBC Sports took over live weekend coverage in 1991 in South Carolina , and 1993 marked the first time a major U.S. network televised it live from Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8283b88e48ac913d1e7a7b227ff32a2a",
"text": "Distribution center A distribution center for a set of products is a warehouse or other specialized building , often with refrigeration or air conditioning , which is stocked with products ( goods ) to be redistributed to retailers , to wholesalers , or directly to consumers . A distribution center is a principal part , the order processing element , of the entire order fulfillment process . Distribution centers are usually thought of as being demand driven . A distribution center can also be called a warehouse , a DC , a fulfillment center , a cross-dock facility , a bulk break center , and a package handling center . The name by which the distribution center is known is commonly based on the purpose of the operation . For example , a `` retail distribution center '' normally distributes goods to retail stores , an `` order fulfillment center '' commonly distributes goods directly to consumers , and a cross-dock facility stores little or no product but distributes goods to other destinations . Distribution centers are the foundation of a supply network , as they allow a single location to stock a vast number of products . Some organizations operate both retail distribution and direct-to-consumer out of a single facility , sharing space , equipment , labor resources , and inventory as applicable . A typical retail distribution network operates with centers set up throughout a commercial market , with each center serving a number of stores . Large distribution centers for companies such as Wal-Mart serve 50 -- 125 stores . Suppliers ship truckloads of products to the distribution center , which stores the product until needed by the retail location and ships the proper quantity . Since a large retailer might sell tens of thousands of products from thousands of vendors , it would be impossibly inefficient to ship each product directly from each vendor to each store . Many retailers own and run their own distribution networks , while smaller retailers may outsource this function to dedicated logistics firms that coordinate the distribution of products for a number of companies . A distribution center can be co-located at a logistics center .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e635667b55eb3911a2dbd764e43c776",
"text": "CBOSS Corporation CBOSS Corporation ( Convergent Business Operation Support System ) is a telecom company primarily based in Russia and with offices located in Finland , UAE and Vietnam . CBOSS Corporation , also known as CBOSS Group , develops IT solutions for the automation of telecommunications enterprises . One of the three biggest Russian mobile operators , MTS used the CBOSS billing solution from 1998 until 2004 , when it switched to FORIS OSS-IN from STROM Telecom company Mikhail Severov , Пробил час большого Билла . Петербургские операторы меняют счетные системы / / SpbIT.su , 2005-04-05 : '' `` Мобильные ТелеСистемы '' . До последнего времени ее корпоративным стандартом было использование биллинговой системы разработки московской CBOSS , которую она эксплуатирует с 1998 года . Однако в прошлом году эта ситуация изменилась , в частности , в Москве была запущена система Foris от чешской компании STROM Telecom '' In 2004 , CBOSS was rated as the 11th biggest IT company in Russia by CNews.ru . In 2006 , CBOSS Corporation was recognized as the # 1 IT-provider of integrated solutions for telecommunications in EMEA by Informa Telecoms Group In February 2004 , CBOSS acquired the online billing solutions subsidiary of Fujitsu Services Oy and its product - rtBilling ( CBOSSrtb ) prepaid billing system . This system was used by several mobile operators : Britain O2 , Australian Optus , Canadian Rogers , Austrian One GmbH and Columbian Colombia Movil . In 2008 CBOSS was selected by German MVNECO GmbH to provide IT infrastructure and IT solutions to implement mobile virtual network activities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc504ed1a7c6f6df83828a9f6e5a5ce8",
"text": "Modular Mining Systems Modular Mining Systems , Inc. ( Modular ) , headquartered in Tucson , Arizona , U.S.A. , is a privately held company that develops , manufactures , markets , and services mining equipment management systems . Modular is the pioneer and industry leader in fleet management technology in mining . The Modular DISPATCH fleet management system is available in eight languages , and is currently running at more than 200 active mine sites ; among these are nine of the ten highest-producing surface mines in the world . Modular was founded in Tucson , Arizona in 1979 . Over the next two years , Modular developed and successfully implemented the DISPATCH system , a computerized fleet management system designed to optimize haul truck assignments to loading and dumping points in an open-pit mine and to produce operating reports during the shift . Following the DISPATCH system 's development , Modular has gone on to create a number of other software and hardware products that seek to improve different areas of mine operations . In 1996 , Komatsu America Corporation ( KAC ) of Rolling Meadows , Illinois , in concert with their parent company , heavy equipment manufacturer Komatsu , Limited , of Tokyo , Japan ( Komatsu ) , acquired a controlling interest in Modular . In 2003 , KAC acquired the remaining shares of the company , and today Modular remains a wholly owned Komatsu subsidiary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b0357cc2a822dd5df169665adccbd70",
"text": "R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company is an electronic cigarette company based in Winston-Salem , North Carolina . The company is a subsidiary of Reynolds American Inc. , which is the parent company of R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Company , American Snuff Company , Santa Fe Natural Tobacco Company and Niconovum AB . The company began offering the VUSE Digital Vapor Cigarette in limited distribution in 2012 , expanding availability to the state of Colorado in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3132970c64e165377380474d7a0808fc",
"text": "Oceaneering International Oceaneering International , Inc. is a subsea engineering and applied technology company based in Houston , Texas , U.S. that provides engineered services and hardware to customers who operate in marine , space , and other environments . Oceaneering 's business offerings include remotely operated vehicle ( ROV ) services , specialty oilfield subsea hardware , deepwater intervention and manned diving services , non-destructive testing and inspections , engineering and project management , and surveying and mapping services . Its services and products are marketed worldwide to oil and gas companies , government agencies , and firms in the aerospace , marine engineering and construction industries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddb5e4546137e2c9823cdd972d3e4108",
"text": "Automatic call distributor An automated call distribution system , commonly known as , automatic call distributor ( ACD ) , is a telephony device that answers and distributes incoming calls to a specific group of terminals or agents within an organization . ACDs often use a voice menu to direct callers based on the customer 's selection , telephone number , selected incoming line to the system or time of day the call was processed . Computer telephony integration ( CTI ) and computer-supported telecommunications applications ( CSTA ) are intermediate software that can produce advanced ACD systems . Experts claim that `` the invention of ACD technology made the concept of a call centre possible . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c01b13a54e784b37e5e4499da5d61824",
"text": "Evolution of Management Systems ' A management system is the framework of processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives . After World War II , the reigning paradigm of product-oriented mass production had reached its peak . Examples of management systems at that time are linear assembly lines , organizational hierarchies of command , product quality control and mass consumption . Soon afterwards , the Deming-Juran process-quality teachings spearheaded a new quality orientation ( later referred to as Total quality management ) and propelled Japan directly to the post-war process focus ( process quality control , just-in-time , continuous improvement ) . The US responded by a painful and prolonged product-to-process transformation , ultimately leveling the playing field again by the mid 1980s . At the end of the 1980s , business process reengineering focused on the radical redesign of the production process through the reintegration of task , labor and knowledge . As a result , lean , flexible and streamlined production processes were created , capable of fast response and internet-based integration necessary for the upcoming phase of supply chains - business-to-business ( B2B ) -- as well as demand chains -- business-to-customer ( B2C ) . In the above three stages of Evolution of Management Systems '' ' , the competitive advantage was derived almost exclusively from the internal resources of the firm . At the end of the 1980s , a radical fourth shift has occurred : the competitive advantage became increasingly derived from the external resources of the firm -- through the extended networks of suppliers and customers . Figure 1 refers to the basic scheme of production and service delivery process . It represents the traditional linear input-process-output management system . This system has been fixed and unchanging for centuries . The only change has been in terms of changing focus on individual components of the system , emphasizing different parts of this basic scheme . Although the scheme itself ( inputs → process → outputs ) remains mostly unchallenged , there are some indications that this business model will undergo major restructurings in the future ( in the emerging stages of Evolution of Management Systems ) . It will become disaggregated and distributed , subjected to non-linear modularity and bringing forth new ways of making things and delivering services . Then it will become reintegrated again , tying together globally distributed components into a unified recycling whole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9241c18fab4a9fa4ebd59807fff4d0c",
"text": "Natel Engineering Natel Engineering ( also known by the moniker NATEL EMS ) is a company that makes electronic components . Founded in 1975 , the company originally made synchro converter components for airports and for antiaircraft missiles , and now produces components for the medical industry , and electronics for satellites , computer workstations and telecommunications equipment . The company is based in Chatsworth , CA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7e73134c998ecc8621bb59dc6c49cb5",
"text": "Sales engineering Sales engineering is a hybrid of sales and engineering that exists in industrial and commercial markets . Buying decisions in these markets are made differently than those in many consumer contexts , being based more on technical information and rational analysis and less on style , fashion , or impulse . Therefore , selling in these markets can not depend on consumer-type sales methods alone , and instead it relies heavily on technical information and problem-solving to convince buyers that they should spend money on the seller 's products or services , in order to meet a business need ( that is , to satisfy a business case ) . A sales engineer is thus both `` a salesperson that understands and can apply engineering '' and `` an engineer that understands how to sell engineered systems '' . They thus not only sell but also provide advice and support . They provide this service to various internal or external customers , and they may work for a manufacturer ( servicing its industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , for a distributor ( which in turn services the industrial-account/business-to-business customers ) , or for a third party such as an engineering consultancy or a systems integrator . Sales Engineers are a critical sales team member in many companies and industries around the world . They are more than just technical experts in their respective industries . Highly successful sales engineers must build and maintain parallel expertise in `` soft skill '' disciplines such as business acumen , presentation skills , building customer relationships , developing an engagement strategy , and having a thorough understanding of the targeted industry . Many companies have difficulty finding people who possess these qualities , plus have extensive technical knowledge . The essence of the sales engineering role can be called by various names . Which name is most apt can even depend on which industry it is used in . Some common job titles that involve the essence of sales engineering include Sales Engineer , Solutions Engineer , Systems Engineer , Customer Engineer , ( pre-sales ) consultant , Technical Account Manager ; Applications Engineer or Field Applications Engineer , and others . The term systems engineering has various shades of meaning , however , as it is often more or less synonymous with industrial engineering ; but in any market economy , industrial engineers will often end up providing some sales engineering as a necessary portion of their work . Service technicians in industrial fields may also find that their work challenges them to provide some sales engineering , to whatever extent they are capable of providing it , because they interface with customers having problems with equipment ( or lacking the right equipment ) and seeking solutions ( anywhere from diagnosis and repair , to identifying entirely different systems that could be used instead ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "734d291283600067dbf6dcf8568e7d6c",
"text": "TRAVERSE (software) TRAVERSE Accounting and Business Software ( Enterprise Resource Planning - ERP ) is a business accounting software suite for small - to medium-sized businesses using the Microsoft Windows operating system . First produced in 1994 by Open Systems , Inc. , TRAVERSE is a group of interrelated applications which operate in tandem . TRAVERSE runs using the Microsoft SQL Server database . In versions released from 1994 to 2009 , TRAVERSE was coded with Visual Basic for Applications , and operated as a Microsoft Access application . The current version is coded using the C# programming language within the Microsoft . NET framework , and no longer requires Microsoft Access .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42c0817db4a414386525ac0eb009f565",
"text": "Systematic Automation Systematic Automation , Inc. is the world 's largest manufacturer of precision screen printing machines , vacuum tables , rotary indexer base machines , and UV curing devices . The company , located in Farmington , CT , specializes in standard and custom solutions for a variety of screen printing applications . Though originally a manufacturer of screen printing machines , the company has expanded its operations to include vacuum tables and UV curing devices .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93c8d8f5e13b68e05f044dafc69a9d17",
"text": "Aspiro Aspiro AB is a Norwegian technology company founded in 1998 . The company mainly provides subscription-based lossless music streaming services under two brands , Tidal and WiMP . The company is headquartered in Norway , with additional offices in Poland , Sweden , Denmark , and Germany . As of the end of December 2014 , Aspiro 's music streaming services had 500,000 paying customers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ae808983e874de171de7bb7906f1578",
"text": "1985 Ryder Cup The 26th Ryder Cup Matches were held 13 -- 15 September 1985 at the Brabazon Course of The Belfry in Wishaw , Warwickshire , England . Team Europe won the competition for the first time by a score of 16 1/2 to 11 1/2 points . This marked the first U.S. loss since 1957 , previously the sole U.S. loss in fifty years . Europe took a two-point lead into the Sunday singles and increased their lead throughout Sunday . It fell to Sam Torrance to secure the winning margin when he holed a 22 ft putt on the 18th hole to defeat Andy North 1 up and go up 14 1/2 to 8 1/2 , a six-point margin with five matches on the course . This was the last Ryder Cup played in Europe that was not shown on live television in the United States . The USA Network first televised it in 1989 on cable with video provided by the BBC . NBC Sports took over live weekend coverage in 1991 in South Carolina , and 1993 marked the first time a major U.S. network televised it live from Europe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f2497ac4f97da17566153798f1bb101",
"text": "Redline Communications Redline is a multinational wireless communications network designer and manufacturer headquartered in Markham , Ontario , Canada . It also maintains offices and operations in Florida , California , Romania and Oman . Redline Communications develops and sells wide-area industrial networks that operate over wide geographic areas . Redline sells wireless terminals that provide TCP/IP transport for fixed , portable and full-motion terrestrial and seaborne deployments as well as software , tools and services . Redline Communications ' products and technologies are used in a variety of markets and industries , including Oil and Gas , Military , Government and Telecom Service providers . The company 's networks are sold directly to end customers , and its wireless terminals are sold indirectly though resellers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "860d006e75690e9390783faaf1f5950a",
"text": "Biox Biox is an American medical technology company known for the development of the first widely used pulse oximeter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3161958b816dd934d1440eed6e19e6b",
"text": "Xtralis Xtralis is a privately held firm that manufactures smoke detection , gas detection and video surveillance security products for the early detection , visual verification , and prevention of fire and intrusion threats .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68ff18227334b14972abc9410528f804",
"text": "Motomaster MotoMaster is the in-house line of automotive products sold exclusively at Canadian Tire stores . MotoMaster products ranged from oil filters and air filters , to MotoMaster branded tires . MotoMaster has its own sub-brands to distinguish premium products such as `` Eliminator '' which distinguished premium products from their less expensive lines for items like automotive batteries , booster packs and battery charges . The ` Rough Rider ' light truck tire sub-brand was replaced with ` Total Terrain ' in recent years . ` Formula 1 ' was created initially to push their synthetic lines but expanded with the disappearance of other lines into conventional , diesel , marine , transmission and power steering oils as well as a number of other gear oils . Despite the expansion , MotoMaster 's Supreme sub-brand continues to exist as an entry level oil product . The ` Mastercraft ' sub-brand is their mid-level tool-line , such as screw drivers and socket sets while ` Mastercraft Maximum ' is their premium tool brand . JobMate is a rebranded product line for entry-level tools sold by Canadian Tire The MotoMaster line has shrunk somewhat in recent years as the store has moved towards brand name products . For example , in early 2003 , the line of MotoMaster spark plugs was fully discontinued in favour of carrying only brand names such as Champion , NGK , AC Delco , and Bosch . In 2004 , the Formula 1 line of oil filters was discontinued , and in 2002 , the ` Motomaster 60 ' line of batteries was replaced with the more generic ` Sure Start ' . One reason for the gradual reduction of the MotoMaster line is the existence of the PartSource chain , of which 63 locations are fully owned and operated by the Canadian Tire Corporation as of May 2007 . Though these stores carry many of the same products and share much of their supply chain , Part Source operates at arms length from Canadian Tire but shares some backoffice operations . Although the MotoMaster name remains on a wide variety of tires , the selection has shrunk recently . In 2004 , MotoMaster discontinued the Sentinel A/S and Touring 160 tires leaving the brand with the Touring AW/H and SE2 lines . MotoMaster dropped their Performance line of tires and Canadian Tire no longer has a specific Premium Tire category having folded it into the Touring categories . Some regard MotoMaster as the entry level quality and price point line of tires despite the tires being produced for Canadian Tire by larger companies such as Goodyear ( Nordic ) ; Michelin ( SE2 ) , Cooper ( SE3 ) and BF Goodrich . Category : Auto parts suppliers Category : Canadian Tire",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4025b5f0abf1977ed40a77eafa27f31d | The Weeknd does not have an album called Kiss Land. | [
{
"docid": "177bb18c7f02cf1fd38b1ca75a1e6783",
"text": "The Weeknd The Weeknd ( born Abel Makkonen Tesfaye ; February 16 , 1990 ) is a Canadian singer , songwriter , and record producer . The Weeknd initially gained recognition after anonymously uploading several songs to YouTube in late 2010 . This allowed him to release of his debut mixtape , House of Balloons , in early 2011 . He released two further independent projects later that year , Thursday and Echoes of Silence , before signing to Republic Records in September 2012 . The three mixtapes received widespread critical acclaim upon release , and proceeded the release of the compilation album Trilogy . In 2013 , he released his debut studio album Kiss Land , which debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 . It was later confirmed to have sold over 273,000 copies in the United States . The Weeknd released his second album , Beauty Behind the Madness , in 2015 , breaking chart records in the process . It saw him become the first ever artist to have simultaneously held the top three spots on the Billboard Hot R&B Songs chart , with `` Earned It '' , `` The Hills '' , and `` Ca n't Feel My Face '' . It also became his first number one album on the US Billboard 200 , and saw triple platinum certification by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . The album additionally oversaw his first Grammy Award win for Best Urban Contemporary Album , as well as `` Earned It '' winning Best R&B Performance . He won both awards at the 58th Annual Grammy Awards ceremony in 2016 . He released his third studio album , Starboy , in 2016 to generally positive critical reception . The album 's title track topped the chart in several countries , including the U.S. , the UK and Canada , and became The Weeknd 's third number-one single . It gave him his second consecutive number one album , which also later saw platinum certification . Alongside his Grammy Award wins , The Weeknd has won nine Juno Awards and two American Music Awards . He has also founded the record label XO , and is a producer under both his given and stage names .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41d20f1c31315eeef0646416e01e35d4",
"text": "Kiss Land Kiss Land is the debut studio album by Canadian singer The Weeknd . It was released on September 10 , 2013 , by XO and Republic Records . The album was supported by six singles : `` Kiss Land '' , `` Belong to the World '' , `` Love in the Sky '' , `` Live For '' , `` Pretty '' and `` Wanderlust '' . The album 's sole guest appearance comes from frequent collaborator Drake . The album 's production was primarily handled by DannyBoyStyles , The Weeknd himself and Jason `` DaHeala '' Quenneville . Kiss Land received generally positive reviews from critics . The album debuted at number two on the Billboard 200 , selling 95,000 copies in its first week . As of August 2015 , the album had sold 273,000 copies in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1a72c0ff2129df5e1a6bf7d0d6a28049",
"text": "Take the Leap! Leap ! and Take the Leap ! are the names for Toyah Willcox 's project subsequent to Ophelia 's Shadow . It consists of six new tracks , either previously unrecorded or written for the new album , and eight older tracks re-recorded with her new band . It was originally released as Leap ! , a cassette-only tour album , and was sold at concerts during her 1993 tour . A CD version called Take the Leap ! was released in Japan the following year . A UK release finally happened in 2006 , and consequently original copies of the album have become much sought after . The album 's first ever digital release came in December 2014 when it was made available to download at iTunes and Amazon and to stream via Spotify . Again , it shows a change in style from previous recordings , and has a much more raw feel than the polished albums which preceded it . Many of the 6 ` original/new ' compositions had been written and demoed much earlier , including `` Invisible Love '' in 1989 with Simon Darlow . A glutch of demos recorded with Phil Nicholas in 1992 , were also re-worked from their dancey ambient style into albums tracks with a rockier feel , namely `` God Ceases to Dream '' and `` Now I 'm Running '' . Another demo from these sessions with Nicholas , `` Tears For Elie '' found a home as a bonus track on the 2006 reissue CD , along with `` Requite Me '' , a stray 1992 demo produced by Toyah and Simon Darlow . `` God Ceases to Dream '' is a track which was written and recorded as an ambient electronic demo with Phil Nicholas . It contains lyrics and melodies Toyah had originally written and performed with collaborative band side-projects , as the songs `` Born Again '' with Sunday All Over the World , and `` Broken Special ( The Island ) '' with Kiss of Reality . The latter was recorded and appeared on the Kiss of Reality sophoremore studio album , whilst `` Born Again '' was never recorded in studio . The chanting at the beginning of this album 's version of `` Ieya '' are lyrics ( which crib The Lord 's Prayer ) which also appeared on the Kiss of Reality album opening track `` Harlequin ( Holy Day ) '' . `` Lust for Love '' had previously been written and performed live as a Strange Girls song , and later recorded as a demo by Cris Bonacci and Toyah . The version found on this album is subtly altered . `` It 's a Mystery '' was due to appear on the album in a version recorded with Phil Nicholas and Friday Forever which was an African dance , tribal metal rock version . Complications at the time of original release meant this could not occur and a straightforward rock version featured . The 2006 reissue of Take the Leap ! on Edsel includes this previously unreleased version .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fa706667c83d7622ae9ce5fb1123a50",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1981 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the 200 highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated the sales for the album charts from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , which was gathered by telephone , fax or messenger service . The data was based on reports from record stores , who ranked the popularity of the best-selling records but did not provide an actual sales figures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31eeacd1bd9fc7c5f991d1e2fd085f7b",
"text": "¡Dos! ¡ Dos ! is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Green Day . The album was released on November 9 , 2012 in Australia , November 12 in the United Kingdom and on November 13 in the United States through Reprise Records . It is the second installment in the ¡ Uno ! ¡ Dos ! ¡ Tré ! trilogy . Following its predecessor 's power pop style , ¡ Dos ! was billed as Green Day 's take on garage rock . The album garnered the highest average reviews of all three trilogy albums , receiving generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised its dynamic style and catchy songs ; others found its music dull and observed filler on the album . It debuted at number nine on the US Billboard 200 , with first-week sales of 69,000 copies in the United States , a low for the band , becoming their first album since signing to a major record label to not sell 100,000 records in its first week .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ff07ba19037faad012a861034a63f22",
"text": "Like a Stranger (album) Like a Stranger is the second studio album by freestyle music singer Johnny O , released in 1990 by Micmac Records label . Three singles were released from the album , the first of which , `` Dreamboy / Dreamgirl '' , a duet with singer Cynthia , peaked at number 53 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The singles , `` We Can Not Go On This Way '' and `` I Just Wan na Get to Know You ( If It 's Alright With You ) '' , were not as successful . The song `` Bad Mamma Jamma '' is a cover of the song originally released by Carl Carlton and `` Kiss & Say Goodbye '' is a cover of the song originally released by The Manhattans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c31f3904c4e03b686af60b741b7ca846",
"text": "La La Land (Wax Fang album) La La Land is the second LP by the Louisville-based band Wax Fang . It was originally released on November 17 , 2007 by Do n't Panic Records . It was re-issued by Absolutely Kosher on May 11 , 2010 for vinyl . The songs Majestic and At Sea , both from this album , were featured on the 151st episode of American Dad ! entitled ' `` Lost In Space ' '' in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9651e93af09cbe065b6788d9a06e4ab",
"text": "Hilary Weeks Hilary Weeks ( née , Novakovich ; born March 7 , 1970 ) is an American Christian musician and Mormon singer , who primarily plays a worship and gospel music version of Christian country and Christian pop . She has released ten musical works , with eight of those being studio albums , He Hears Me ( 1996 ) , Lead Me Home ( 1998 ) and I Will Not Forget ( 2000 ) , Day of Praise ( 2004 ) , If I Only Had Today ( 2008 ) , Every Step ( 2011 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , Say Love ( 2013 ) , and , Love Your Life ( 2016 ) , while she released two holiday albums , Christmastime ( 2006 ) and Christmas Once Again ( 2009 ) . Her last four musical works charted on various Billboard magazine charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bacc885db95ba0e8f4308fd3776bd5f5",
"text": "Midnight Memories Midnight Memories is the third studio album by British-Irish boy band One Direction , released on 25 November 2013 by Columbia Records , Syco Music and Sony Music . The album was described as having a `` slightly rockier tone '' than their previous efforts . It has become the fastest-selling album in Amazon UK 's history , breaking the record set by One Direction 's previous release , Take Me Home ( 2012 ) . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , making One Direction the first group in history to debut at number one in the US with their first three albums . The album was preceded by the release of the singles `` Best Song Ever '' and `` Story of My Life '' . Upon the album 's release , Midnight Memories received mixed reviews from music critics . Many critics praised the lyrical depth and musical composition on the album , as well as the group 's level of involvement in the production process . However , others argued that the material was less memorable than their previous work and felt the themes were not as mature as expected . Despite being released five weeks before the year 's end , Midnight Memories nevertheless became the best-selling album of 2013 as listed by the IFPI , with sales of four million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab1829ebb7065566cfad3dbcdda7819e",
"text": "Kiss Me thru the Phone `` Kiss Me thru the Phone '' is a song from hip hop artist Soulja Boy Tellem released as the second single from his 2008 album iSouljaBoyTellem . It was the best-selling single from the album , reaching # 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 , # 1 on the U.S. Rap Charts , the top ten in the United Kingdom , in Canada , on the U.S. Billboard Pop 100 , and in New Zealand . R&B singer Chris Brown was Soulja Boy 's first choice to sing the hook , but turned down the offer . Soulja Boy Tell 'em then tried to sing it on his own with Auto-Tune but found it `` garbage '' . `` Kiss Me thru The Phone '' was 2009 's eighth best selling single with over 5.7 million copies sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fac97d05e510de8821434f9ca6eb3c4",
"text": "Never Enough (Kiss song) `` Never Enough '' is a song by the American hard rock band Kiss . It was released on their 19th album Sonic Boom in 2009 . It was released as a single on June 11 , 2010 . The song is the last single released from the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6189fcc522d140b52c51f6b33024ff7",
"text": "Sixpence None the Richer discography This is the discography of American pop rock band Sixpence None the Richer . To date , the group has released six studio albums , nine compilation albums , five extended plays , and fourteen singles . They gained mainstream popularity in 1997 with their self-titled album , producing the hit single `` Kiss Me '' , which was an international hit . The song topped the Australian charts , and reached the top five in New Zealand , the United Kingdom , and the band 's native United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66beaa429c8888f36e7a01fd082d9896",
"text": "My Worlds Acoustic My Worlds Acoustic is the first remix album by Canadian recording artist Justin Bieber . It was released on November 26 , 2010 and was initially sold exclusively at Walmart retail stores and Sam 's Club . The album features nine acoustic versions of songs from his debut extended play , My World , and first album My World 2.0 , as well as a new song `` Pray . '' The new versions of the songs were produced by Bieber 's music director , Dan Kanter , his vocal producer Kuk Harrell , and also producer Rob Wells . Internationally , the set is included as a part of the compilation album , My Worlds : The Collection , which included songs from the previous two releases . My Worlds Acoustic was released to iTunes , on February 8 , 2011 . According to Bieber , he wanted to release the album for the naysayers who critiqued his actual singing ability . The singer said that he wanted to have an acoustic album , to reflect the effect of production on his vocals . Although labeled as an acoustic album , the songs still include subtle usages of electronic sounds such as synthesizers . The album received generally favorable reviews from critics , however most critics were not satisfied that the album was not genuinely acoustic . In Canada , the song debuted at number five , and later peaked at number four on the Canadian Albums Chart and certified Platinum by the Canadian Recording Industry Association . My Worlds Acoustic debuted at number seven on the US Billboard 200 , selling 115,000 copies in its first week , becoming Bieber 's third consecutive top ten album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ee8a908c8ffd97f646e54da93b8d2d6",
"text": "Soldier of Love (album) Soldier of Love is the sixth studio album by English band Sade , released on 5 February 2010 by Epic Records . Following the release of Lovers Rock ( 2000 ) , the band went into a 10-year hiatus . In 2008 , the band re-grouped in order to begin work on their sixth album , making it the first time each member had been together . The recording of the album primarily took place at the Real World Studios in Box , England , with additional sessions at El Cortijo in San Pedro de Alcántara , Spain . The album 's recording began in 2009 and was completed in the summer of that year . The first single `` Soldier of Love '' premiered on US radio on 8 December 2009 , and was released digitally on 11 January 2010 . Subsequent singles `` Babyfather '' and `` The Moon and the Sky '' were serviced to US urban AC radio on 13 April and 24 August 2010 , respectively . The album debuted at number four on the UK Albums Chart . It also debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 502,000 copies in the United States , marking Sade 's first number-one debut on the chart while also spending three weeks at the top of the chart . Upon its release , Soldier of Love received generally positive reviews from most music critics and won a Grammy Award for Best R&B Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals . The band promoted the album with their first concert tour in ten years , Sade Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd64980b99c386719d997dbc4b427c6a",
"text": "Reprieve (album) Reprieve is the sixteenth studio album by singer-songwriter Ani DiFranco , released on August 8 , 2006 . Righteous Babe Records ' website notes that only DiFranco 's bassist Todd Sickafoose , who had accompanied her on her recent tours , would be performing on the album . The album has a dark , mournful , mellow sound reminiscent of 1999 's To the Teeth and 2004 's Educated Guess and features experimental arrangements with synthesizers , electronics and tape manipulation . As the recording of the album was briefly interrupted due to the devastation of Hurricane Katrina , the album has a heavily political and vaguely conceptual undercurrent that `` paints a haunting portrait of New Orleans as the water retreats and the natives continue to rebuild their lives . '' The album cover was inspired by a picture of a real tree in Nagasaki which was partially destroyed by the atomic bomb . While the city around it lay in ruin , this one tree stood , half of it destroyed , the other untouched . DiFranco also references the eucalyptus tree in the title track about the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki . While the official release date of Reprieve was August 8 , the album was made available for purchase on the iTunes Music Store between June 24 and June 27 , 2006 , possibly in error , as the album date on the site was listed as 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93b1d2b545c54e76f5afe2664c11148c",
"text": "I Didn't Fall in Love with Your Hair `` I Did n't Fall in Love with Your Hair '' is a song recorded by Canadian country music artist Brett Kissel for his sixth studio album , Pick Me Up ( 2015 ) . It was written by Rachel Bradshaw , Kyle Jacobs , and Billy Montana and features guest vocals by Canadian country singer Carolyn Dawn Johnson . The song was released to radio on September 9 , 2016 as the album 's fourth single . Kissel debuted the song at the 2016 Canadian Country Music Association Awards ceremony on September 11 , 2016 . The single was released in collaboration with philanthropist W. Brett Wilson for Cancer Awareness Month , with proceeds from sales of the song between September 9 and October 28 , 2016 being donated to the Canadian Cancer Society and being matching by Wilson . `` I Did n't Fall in Love with Your Hair '' debuted at number 42 on the Canada Country airplay chart dated October 1 , 2016 . It peaked at number 16 in November 2016 , making it Kissel 's lowest-charting country single to date and first to miss the top ten .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77c57bcf9ade43671f1c48152a8ae553",
"text": "Outlandos d'Amour Outlandos d'Amour is the debut studio album by English rock band The Police , released in November 1978 by A&M Records . Elevated by the success of its lead single , `` Roxanne '' , Outlandos d'Amour peaked at No. 6 on the UK Albums Chart and at No. 23 in the US . It has since been certified platinum by the RIAA for sales of over one million units in the US . The album spawned two additional hit singles : `` Ca n't Stand Losing You '' and `` So Lonely '' . Although Outlandos d'Amour received mixed reviews upon its release , it has since been regarded as one of the strongest debut albums by any band or artist . It ranked No. 38 on Rolling Stone magazine 's list of `` 100 Best Debut Albums of All Time '' . In 2012 , the magazine ranked it No. 428 on their list of the 500 greatest albums of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57bae99035b4f3975109088bc1d75da8",
"text": "Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon is the sixteenth studio album by REO Speedwagon . It was released on November 3 , 2009 by Sony Music , two years after the band 's previous studio album , Find Your Own Way Home . On July 1 , 2010 , the album was re-released with three bonus tracks , and a DVD was released in a series from Sony Music called The Yule Log DVD , in which the music from `` Not So Silent Night ... Christmas with REO Speedwagon '' is featured with three different holiday visuals ( one of them the yule log of the series ' title ) . The original CD cover is featured on the DVD menu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b3907e0f439d47ffba9e9459590723d",
"text": "Unsigned artist An unsigned artist , unsigned band or independent artist is a musician or musical group not under a contract with a record label . The terms are used in the music industry as a marketing technique . Bands that release their own material on self-published CDs can also be considered unsigned bands . Often unsigned bands primarily exist to perform at concerts . In more recent years , the Internet has helped promote the music of unsigned bands . Artists often post their music as MP3s on websites such as Bandcamp , SoundCloud , Myspace , PureVolume , GarageBand.com and SoundClick . In 2016 , the Unsigned Music Awards was established in the UK as the first ever televised international awards ceremony to champion artists without the backing of a record label . UK unsigned bands and musicians are able to use such services as The Unsigned Guide and to gather music industry contact names , phone numbers , websites and social media links , as well as information on how to get signed or market music independently . Song pitching websites , such as TAXI allow unsigned musicians to see which record labels ( and other music companies ) are currently seeking new music . Further , companies like Sentric Music and the royalty payment service offered by Last.fm can help in generating income streams for unsigned bands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "045b25a521e4288440f31872d340b798",
"text": "Kiss Rocks Vegas Kiss Rocks Vegas is a live album and DVD/Blu-ray Disc by the American hard rock band Kiss released on August 26 , 2016 . The album was recorded from November 5 -- 23 , 2014 during the band 's residency at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino ( Las Vegas ) during their 40th anniversary tour . Kiss Rocks Vegas was released in cinemas worldwide on May 25 , 2016 , and later released on pay-per-view on June 14 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "913588602f7776d2c2a3902bed21c569",
"text": "This Kiss (Faith Hill song) `` This Kiss '' is a song written by Beth Nielsen Chapman , Robin Lerner and Annie Roboff , and recorded by American country music singer Faith Hill . It was released on March 10 , 1998 as the first single from her album , Faith . The song became a crossover single , reaching # 1 on the U.S. and Canadian country charts , in addition to reaching Top 10 on the US pop and Adult Contemporary charts , as well as Top Ten in Australia and Top 20 in the United Kingdom . `` This Kiss '' was nominated for two Grammy Awards for Best Female Country Vocal Performance and Grammy Award for Best Country Song , losing both to `` You 're Still the One '' by Canadian singer Shania Twain .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
d8f8dbff9da9cc3fa912ef04062a2fce | Hattie McDaniel is included in Saratoga. | [
{
"docid": "3f63c8a27315bcd03651c5e7f179b1f8",
"text": "Saratoga (film) Saratoga is a 1937 American romantic comedy film written by Anita Loos and directed by Jack Conway . The film stars Clark Gable and Jean Harlow in their sixth and final film collaboration , and features Lionel Barrymore , Frank Morgan , Walter Pidgeon , Hattie McDaniel , and Margaret Hamilton . Jean Harlow died before filming was finished , and it was completed using stand-ins . Saratoga was MGM 's biggest moneymaker of 1937 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "802eefdae3c3cc72f32f5905915a1bd3",
"text": "John McDaniel (musician) John William McDaniel ( born February 26 , 1961 , St. Louis , Missouri , United States ) is an American theatre producer , composer , conductor , and pianist . He is known as the lead composer and producer of the 1996 television talk show The Rosie O'Donnell Show , for which he received six Daytime Emmy Award nominations , winning two . McDaniel is also known for his collaborations with Patti LuPone , most notably her 1995 concert Patti LuPone : Live ! , which debuted on Broadway after a Los Angeles engagement . He won a Grammy Award for producing the cast album of Annie Get Your Gun ( 1999 ) , as well as a Tony Award for producing the Broadway production of the latter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb15bcc714c715eae349eaf85f89ea1a",
"text": "Whitney Houston discography The discography of American singer Whitney Houston ( 1963 -- 2012 ) consists of seven studio albums , six compilations , two soundtrack albums , five box sets , six extended plays , and fifty-seven singles . In 1985 , Houston released her self-titled debut album . It spent fourteen weeks at number one on the Billboard 200 and was certified thirteen times platinum ( Diamond ) by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , with global sales of 25 million copies . The album produced four US top 5 singles , including three Billboard Hot 100 number-ones . In 1987 , Houston released her second album Whitney . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and was supported by four US number-one singles : `` I Wan na Dance with Somebody ( Who Loves Me ) '' , `` Did n't We Almost Have It All '' , `` So Emotional '' , and `` Where Do Broken Hearts Go '' , which established an unprecedented seven consecutive number one hits by a performer . Whitney was certified 9 × Platinum by the RIAA and topped the charts in numerous countries , having sold in excess of 20 million copies worldwide . Houston 's third studio album , I 'm Your Baby Tonight ( 1990 ) , peaked at number three on the Billboard 200 chart and yielded two number-one singles ; `` I 'm Your Baby Tonight '' and `` All the Man That I Need '' , selling 10 million units worldwide . In February 1991 , Houston released `` The Star Spangled Banner '' performance from Super Bowl XXV as a single , becoming the highest-charting rendition of the national anthem on the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The Bodyguard soundtrack from her film debut , was released in November 1992 . The album contains tracks by other recording artists but is considered a Houston album by Billboard . It topped the Billboard 200 for twenty non-consecutive weeks , one of the longest tenures by an album in the Nielsen SoundScan era . The album was certified 17 × Platinum the United States and sold over 45 million copies worldwide , becoming the best-selling soundtrack album and one of the top 5 best-selling albums of all time . The lead single from the soundtrack , `` I Will Always Love You '' , topped the Billboard Hot 100 chart for a then-record-breaking fourteen weeks and was certified 6 × Platinum by the RIAA , peaked at number one on the charts in nearly every country and sold 12 million copies worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling singles of all time . Houston contributed three songs , including her eleventh number-one single `` Exhale ( Shoop Shoop ) '' on the 7x platinum soundtrack album , Waiting to Exhale ( November 1995 ) . The following year she released The Preacher 's Wife in November 1996 . The soundtrack was certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA and became the biggest selling gospel album of all time . In 1998 , she released her first studio album in eight years , My Love Is Your Love . The album failed to match the commercial status of her previous albums , peaking at number thirteen , her lowest chart position on the Billboard 200 among her studio albums . Despite initial weak sales , the album went on to achieve multi-platinum status with 11 million units sold worldwide , being certified 4 × Platinum in the United States . From late 1998 to early 2000 , the album generated five singles ; `` When You Believe '' ( duet with Mariah Carey ) , `` Heartbreak Hotel '' , `` It 's Not Right but It 's Okay '' , `` My Love Is Your Love '' , and `` I Learned from the Best '' . Houston entered the 2000s with her first greatest hits compilation , Whitney : The Greatest Hits , released in May 2000 . The double-disc was certified 3 × Platinum by the RIAA in 2002 and earned 5 × Platinum award posthumously , recognizing 2.6 million in sales throughout the United States . The album hit the top position on the UK Albums Chart and sold over 1.66 million copies in the UK alone . Also , it reached the top ten in many worldwide markets , selling 10 million copies globally . Just Whitney , released in December 2002 , became her first album after renewing her contract with Arista for a record $ 100 million in 2001 . The album failed to earn multi-platinum status , receiving only Platinum award in the US , and became her lowest-selling studio album to date . She released a holiday album , One Wish : The Holiday Album in November 2003 . In September 2009 , Houston returned to the top position of the Billboard 200 with I Look to You , becoming her fourth number-one album on the chart ; which was her first non-soundtrack number-one in 22 years , since 1987 's Whitney . It also topped the album charts of several European countries and was certified Platinum by the RIAA . Her albums Whitney Houston , Whitney , The Bodyguard and Whitney : The Greatest Hits are among the top 100 certified albums according to the RIAA . According to the RIAA , Houston is the top-selling R&B female artist of the 20th century , and the fourth best-selling female artist in the United States , with shipments of 57 million albums . In addition , until the launch of the RIAA 's digital certification program in 2004 , she had sold 16.5 million physical singles more than any other female solo artist in history . According to the Official UK Charts Company in October 2012 , Houston is at number four in the top 10 biggest selling female singles artists of all-time list with a sales total of 8.5 million singles . Whitney Houston is one of pop music 's best-selling music artists of all-time , with an estimated 170 -- 200 million records sold worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "097d2e4cbd278542acd22ae5e9b45657",
"text": "Mr. Broadway Mr. Broadway is an American 13-episode CBS adventure and drama television series starring Craig Stevens as New York City public relations specialist Mike Bell . The program aired at 9 p.m. Eastern time Saturdays from September 26 to December 26 , 1964 . Also featured were Bell 's assistant , Toki , portrayed by Lani Miyazaki , and his police contact , Hank McClure , played by Horace McMahon . Mr. Broadway , a Talent Associates Production , was created by Garson Kanin and produced by David Susskind and Daniel Melnick . Dave Brubeck supplied the music and theme . It was shot on location in New York City . Although ` Mr. Broadway ' was only aired 13 episodes , it featured some notable guest stars , including Jason Robards , Lauren Bacall , Tuesday Weld , Jill St. John , Art Carney and Liza Minnelli in her first dramatic TV role . Notable episodes include guest appearances by Liza Minnelli as Minnie in `` Nightingale for Sale '' ; Sandy Dennis in `` Do n't Mention My Name in Sheboygan '' , and Lauren Bacall as Barbara Lake , with Martin Balsam as Nate Bannerman , in `` Something to Sing About '' . Other episodes are `` Keep an Eye on Emily '' ( the series ' pilot ) with Tuesday Weld as Emily and Oleg Cassini as himself , `` Take a Walk Through a Cemetery '' with Lauren Bacall , again , but also with Jason Robards , Jr. , and Jill St. John , `` Try to Find a Spy '' with Barbara Feldon and Simon Oakland , `` Between the Rats and the Finks '' with Larry Hagman , Dyan Cannon , Bruce Gordon , and Patrick McVey , `` The He-She Chemistry '' with Tammy Grimes , `` Maggie , Queen of the Jungle '' , with Nina Foch in the title role , `` Smelling Like a Rose '' with Art Carney , Hal Roach , and Tina Louise , `` Bad Little Rich Girl '' with Diana Van der Vlis as Mary Beth Warren and Larry Pennell as John Chambers , `` Sticks and Stones May Break My Bones '' with Philip Abbott as Geoffrey Karr and Lola Albright as Duff Daniels . Albright had been Stevens 's co-star on Peter Gunn , and `` Pay Now , Die Later '' , the series finale , with David Wayne as John Zeck and John Ireland as Jimmy King . In the latter episode the wealthy Zeck hires Mike Bell to write his obituary ahead of his death . Mr. Broadway aired following the new sitcom Gilligan 's Island and preceding the durable Western , Gunsmoke . Its competition was the Saturday Night Movie on NBC , and the second half of The Lawrence Welk Show and the first half of The Hollywood Palace on ABC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1fe33d6237833941bf60701624dcb01",
"text": "Safely Kept Stakes The Safely Kept Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Laurel Park Racecourse in Laurel , Maryland . Open to fillies aged three , it is competed on dirt over a distance of seven furlongs . Run during October , it offers a purse of $ 100,000 . The Safely Kept Breeders ' Cup Stakes is one of the top sprints for three-year-old fillies in the country . One of the few six-furlong contests with graded status for three-year-olds that leads to the Breeders ' Cup Filly & Mare Sprint . It was inaugurated in 1986 as the Columbia Stakes . The stakes record is held by Godmother who finished the six furlongs in 1:09.21 . The race is named in honor of Jayeff `` B '' Stable 's and Barry Weisbord 's 1989 Eclipse Award Champion Sprinter and 1989 Columbia Stakes winner Safely Kept in 1996 . The race has been called several different titles beginning with Columbia Handicap ( after a nearby town in Maryland ) from 1986-1987 , then the Columbia Stakes from 1989-1995 . The race was at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore , Maryland and has been moved to back and forth from Laurel to Pimlico depending on dates that were assigned by the Maryland Racing Commission . The race was held at Pimlico in 1986-1987 , 1989 , and 1991-1996 . The race was run at Colonial Downs in New Kent , Virginia in 1997 . The race was run at Laurel in 1988 , 1990 , 1998-2000 and from 2006 to present . The race was run at 6-1/2 furlongs in 1987 and 1988 . The Safely Kept Breeders ' Cup Stakes was given Graded stakes status in 1990 . On August 7 , 2008 it was announced that the race would be on hiatus for 2008 , the Maryland Jockey Club cited financial distress as the reason for the races ' cancellation . The annual grading session of the American Graded Stakes Committee listed Safely Kept S. at Laurel Park not eligible for grading for 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1efae664be86d82a7532e7855c34a21a",
"text": "Road to the Kentucky Derby The Road to the Kentucky Derby is a points system by which horses qualify for a position in the starting gate in the Kentucky Derby . It features around 35 stakes races for 2 and 3-year-old Thoroughbreds -- the number and specific races have changed slightly over the years . The point system replaces the previous qualifying system which looked at earnings from graded stakes races worldwide . The series is divided into two phases , the Kentucky Derby Prep Season and the Kentucky Derby Championship Series . The prep season consists of early races on dirt or synthetic surfaces over distances of at least one mile that typically are run between late September and late February . Points are awarded to the top 4 finishers in each race on a 10-4-2-1 scale , except for the Breeders ' Cup Juvenile , which is awarded points on a 20-8-4-2 scale . The championship season consists of two legs and a `` wild card '' round . The first leg includes minor prep races , usually Grade II , with a 50-20-10-5 scale . The second leg includes major prep races , usually Grade I , with a 100-40-20-10 scale . The `` wild card '' consists of one race and has a 10-4-2-1 scale . The top 19 point earners are entitled to a position in the starting gate in the Derby ( the actual post position is determined later , by random draw ) . If any of the top 19 ( or the 20th position offered to a horse from Japan ) does not enter the Derby , their position is given to the next ranked horses on the list . Up to 24 horses may enter the race , with the bottom four point-earners listed as `` also eligible '' . If any of the top 20 is scratched after entries are taken but before betting begins , the next ranked horse on the also eligible list will be eligible to run . If two or more horses have the same number of points , the tiebreaker to get into the race will be earnings in non-restricted stakes races , whether or not they are graded . In the event of a tie , those horses will divide equally the points they would have received jointly had one beaten the other . If an owner wants a filly to run in the race , she will have to earn points in the same races as the colts and geldings -- points earned of the Road to the Kentucky Oaks are not transferable to the Derby . Horses listed as `` also eligible '' are not allowed to participate in the race once wagering is opened .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2c4cb80cbaa28d1ccba4b06d4575544",
"text": "Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton Elizabeth Hamilton ( née Schuyler -LSB- ˈskaɪlər -RSB- August 9 , 1757 -- November 9 , 1854 ) , sometimes called `` Eliza '' or `` Betsey , '' was co-founder and deputy director of the first private orphanage in New York City . She was the wife of American founding father Alexander Hamilton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46caba03c6545c8306c6fc757acb3395",
"text": "Gaelic Park The Gaelic Park Sports Centre ( Páirc na nGael ) , often abbreviated Gaelic Park , is a multi-purpose outdoor athletics facility , located at West 240th Street and Broadway in Riverdale , Bronx , in the U.S. state of New York . Since 1926 the grounds has been used as the venue for Gaelic sports in New York , and since its purchase by Manhattan College in 1991 it has hosted numerous American college athletic events . Located just west of Broadway and south and west of Van Cortlandt Park in the northernmost part of the Bronx just south of the city border with Westchester , Gaelic Park was purchased in 1926 by the Gaelic Athletic Association of Greater New York . It has been given a few different names over time including Innisfail Park , but since the 1950s it has gone by its current name , Gaelic Park , a reflection of the park 's decidedly Irish flavor . The park includes a playing field and dance hall . In addition to hurling and football matches , a number of other sporting events take place at Gaelic Park . There are also concerts and dances that feature Irish music both old and new . Beginning with `` Summer ' 69 '' and continuing into the early 1970s , rock concerts were also held there , including the Association , Beach Boys , Gary Puckett and the Union Gap , Eagles , Pete Seeger , Rascals , Irish Rovers , Four Tops , Grateful Dead , Chicago , Edgar Winter , Johnny Winter , Jefferson Airplane , Black Oak Arkansas , Allman Brothers Band , Ten Years After , Yes , ELP , Mountain , Humble Pie and Deep Purple .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4aa33665aeb70a3a06868df50c5725ed",
"text": "Bob McFarland For the National Security Advisor under U.S. President Ronald W. Reagan , see Robert McFarlane . Millard Robert `` Bob '' McFarland ( born June 12 , 1941 ) , is an attorney and lobbyist in Arlington and Austin , Texas , who served from 1983 to 1991 as a Republican member of the Texas State Senate from District 10 , then parts of Dallas , Denton , and Tarrant counties . From 1977 to 1983 , McFarland served in the Texas House of Representatives from the former districts 32-B and 32-D in Tarrant County . In 1959 , McFarland graduated from Arlington High School . He received a Bachelor of Business Administration degree from the University of Texas at Arlington . He then procured his Juris Doctor from Southern Methodist University School of Law , since known as the Dedman School of Law . McFarland was admitted to the bar in 1966 . McFarland was cited for achievement in the publication Texas Business . In 1981 , he received the G. J. Sutton Memorial Leadership Award and was named `` Legislator of the Year '' by the Texas Municipal League . In civic affairs , McFarland is a former director of the Tarrant County Humane Society and the Arlington Civic Chorus . He is Roman Catholic . In 1979 , 1981 , 1983 and 1985 , McFarland was ranked among the `` Ten Best Legislators '' from both chambers by Texas Monthly magazine . In 1989 , McFarland was one of five senators to serve as the President Pro Tempore , having succeeded his regional colleague , Hugh Q. Parmer in that position . In 1986 , McFarland objected when the Texas Select Committee on Higher Education , a group appointed by Governor Mark Wells White to consider streamlining of the state 's colleges and universities , proposed that the University of Texas at Arlington be re-defined as a `` comprehensive university , '' with an emphasis on teaching , instead of research . Many UTA faculty and students believed that the change would have eliminated doctoral programs at the institution . McFarland , a UTA `` Distinguished Alumnus '' , declared the select committee recommendation `` an over-my-dead-body situation . '' Soon political support was manifested throughout Arlington and Tarrant County . The mission of UTA was clarified to include `` achieving excellence in all academic areas -- teaching , research , and public service . '' McFarland said the controversy brought hundreds of letters and telephone calls and showed him that `` there are people out there willing to get involved and support UTA . '' Then State Representative Kent Grusendorf , also of Arlington , joined McFarland in rallying to the defense of their common alma mater . As a two-term departing state representative , McFarland succeeded Senator William C. Meier , a Democrat from Euless in Tarrant County who switched to Republican affiliation and ran unsuccessfully in 1982 against U.S. Representative Jim Mattox for Attorney General of Texas . Mark White vacated the attorney 's general office after one term to challenge , successfully , Republican Governor Bill Clements . In 1991 , McFarland was succeeded in the Senate by Chris Harris , also of Arlington , who subsequently was shifted into neighboring District 9 . Bob McFarland Park , part of which is heavily wooded , is operated at 410 East Embercrest Drive by the Arlington Parks and Recreation Department and named in his honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a0198c108436b22b35b8e11d4d0866c",
"text": "Irene Kral Irene Kral ( January 18 , 1932 -- August 15 , 1978 ) was an American jazz singer who was born to Czechoslovakian parents in Chicago , Illinois , and settled in Los Angeles in the early 1960s . She died , due to breast cancer , in Encino , California . Kral 's older brother , Roy Kral , was a successful musician when she started singing professionally as a teenager . She sang with bands on tours led by Woody Herman and Chubby Jackson , former Herman bass player . She joined Maynard Ferguson 's band in the late 1950s and sang with groups led by Stan Kenton and Shelly Manne . She then started a solo career until her death at 46 years of age . She was a ballad singer who stated that Carmen McRae was one of her inspirations . She became more famous posthumously when Clint Eastwood used her recordings in his 1995 movie The Bridges of Madison County . Her style has been compared to that of Carmen McRae ( the two singers were friends ) . Dana Countryman quotes from Linda Dahl 's 1984 book on women in jazz , Stormy Weather : `` Irene Kral had a lovely , resonant voice with a discreet vibrato , flawless diction and intonation , and a slight , attractive nasality and shaping of phrases that resembled Carmen McRae 's . But where McRae 's readings tend to the astringent , Kral 's melt like butter . She was a master of quiet understatement and good taste . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d911c74ac08866e932f3288eb7077ba",
"text": "Saranac Stakes The Saranac Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Saratoga Race Course in Saratoga Springs , New York . The Grade III stakes is open to three-year-old horses and is raced on turf over a distance of miles . The event , currently run in early September , raised its purse to $ 300,000 in 2014 . Inaugurated in 1901 , the race is named for the village of Saranac in Clinton County , New York in the Adirondack Mountains . Due to a legislated ban on parimutuel betting , all New York State racetracks ceased operations in 1911 and 1912 . Cancellation of the race occurred again from 1943 to 1947 as a result of World War II . When it returned in 1948 , the race was shifted to the now defunct Jamaica Racetrack until 1956 when it was moved to Aqueduct Racetrack where it was held from 1957 -- 1961 , 1963 -- 1967 , 1972 -- 1974 , and in 1976 . Raced on dirt until 1979 , over the years the Saranac Stakes has been run at various distances : 1 mile , 1 furlong : 1901-1908 , 1910 , 1996 miles : 1948-1959 1 mile : 1960-1995 miles : 1997 -- 2010 miles : 2011 to present",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cccd4eafc225040ea517fa4e462ce6e",
"text": "Cherry Springs Dance Hall Cherry Springs Dance Hall , is one of the oldest and most historic dance halls in Texas . It is located at 17662 North U.S. Highway 87 , Cherry Springs , TX 78624 . The Texas farming community of Cherry Spring is 16 mi NW of Fredericksburg , Texas , in Gillespie County 's portion of the Texas Hill Country . The dance hall was established along the old Pinta Trail in 1889 as a stop for cattle drives . It was originally run by Herman Lehmann , son of German immigrants , Apache captive and adopted son of Comanche chief Quanah Parker . Cited by the State of Texas Music Office as `` one of the most historic dance halls in the world , '' the venue has played host to some of the greatest legends of country music . Hank Williams once played here , as did Patsy Cline , Buck Owens , Webb Pierce , Ernest Tubb , George Jones , and many others . It was here on October 9 , 1955 , that the Louisiana Hayride Tour played , with Elvis Presley , Johnny Cash , Wanda Jackson and Porter Wagoner on the cusp of international fame for the performers . Author and musician Geronimo Trevino III likens the talent who have played there to `` The history of country music . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18d4061e567b30540507970825a12046",
"text": "Maria Karnilova Maria Karnilova ( August 3 , 1920 -- April 20 , 2001 ) was an American dancer and actress . She was initially known legally as Maria Karniloff . She was born in Hartford , Connecticut , the daughter of Filip and Stefanida Dovgolenko ( or Dowholonok ) , emigrants from Tsarist Russia . The family later moved to Brooklyn , New York . She started her professional career in 1927 in the Children 's Ballet of the Metropolitan Opera and joined the corps when Ballet Theater , now American Ballet Theater , was founded in 1939 . She adopted the name Karniloff , and later , Karnilova as her professional name . Her professional surname was often ascribed as her own mother 's maiden name , however , that is inaccurate as her mother 's maiden name was `` Shlonskaya '' . Karnilova made her Broadway debut in 1946 in Call Me Mister . She won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for the original 1964 production of Fiddler on the Roof starring Zero Mostel and was nominated as Best Actress in a Musical for Zorba ( 1968 ) . Other Broadway credits include Miss Liberty ( 1949 ) , Two 's Company ( 1952 ) , Jerome Robbins ' Ballet : U.S.A. ( 1958 ) , Gypsy ( as the original `` Tessie Tura '' ; 1959 ) , Bravo Giovanni ( 1962 ) , Gigi ( 1973 ) , God 's Favorite ( 1974 ) , Bring Back Birdie ( 1981 ) , and the 1981 revival of Fiddler . Her film credits include The Unsinkable Molly Brown ( 1964 ) and Married to the Mob ( 1988 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a897aae493478575da0dfdd1bbad77b",
"text": "Let Me Be Your Star `` Let Me Be Your Star '' is an original song introduced in the first episode of the first season of the musical TV series Smash , entitled Pilot . It was written by Marc Shaiman and Scott Wittman , but in the show 's universe , it was written by songwriting duo Tom Levitt ( Christian Borle ) and Julia Houston ( Debra Messing ) for the Marilyn Monroe musical they are working on , Bombshell . In the first episode , the song is performed by characters Karen Cartwright ( Katharine McPhee ) and Ivy Lynn ( Megan Hilty ) as they each prepare for and then audition for the role of Marilyn in front the production team . The song has since been reprised numerous times in various episodes , both as solos and duets . For the first season , it was also sung by Karen and Ivy in the second episode `` The Callback '' and the seventh episode `` The Workshop '' , by Ivy in the sixth episode `` Chemistry '' , and by Rebecca Duvall ( Uma Thurman ) in the eleventh episode `` The Movie Star '' and the fourteenth episode `` Previews '' . In the second season , it was reprised by Karen and several female members of the Bombshell ensemble in the first episode `` On Broadway '' , and by Ivy in the eighth episode `` The Bells and Whistles '' and the eleventh episode `` The Dress Rehearsal '' . The song was originally released as a single to digital music retailers and is available on the cast albums The Music of Smash and Bombshell ( the latter with an extended intro not heard on the show ) , with McPhee and Hilty 's vocals from the `` Pilot '' episode . The song has sold 48,000 digital downloads as of April 13 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29efc03e215baf8c80714846099316b9",
"text": "Mary Beth Walsh Mary Beth Walsh is the Assembly member for the 112th District of the New York State Assembly . She is a Republican . The district includes portions of Saratoga County , including Ballston Spa , Country Knolls , Galway and Milton as well as portions of Schenectady County including East Glenville and Scotia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43c30e0183e386b8a97f072689426751",
"text": "Saratoga Springs (horse) Saratoga Springs ( 21 January 1995 -- after 2004 ) was a Canadian-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire . He was sent to race in Europe and was one of the best two-year-olds of his generation in 1997 when he won four of his seven races including the Acomb Stakes , the Beresford Stakes and the Racing Post Trophy . In the following year he won the Dante Stakes but was beaten when favourite for the Prix du Jockey Club and ran unplaced in the Epsom Derby and the Irish Derby . He later raced in the United Arab Emirates and the United States but never won again . He later stood as a breeding stallion in Ireland and Australia with little success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "492002d8526213a34c4c0baa0022d098",
"text": "Bruce McDaniel Bruce McDaniel ( born September 23 , 1962 ) is an American musician , composer , producer and recording engineer , currently living in New Orleans . Bruce McDaniel was born in Boston , Massachusetts of Mexican and Scottish/American parents on 23 September 1962 and grew up in New York . He was raised by musical parents who met while attending the Juilliard School of Music . He had an early start in NYC 's underground punk rock scene as lead guitarist for the Sic F*ck s with Tish Bellomo and Snooky Bellomo , a band who , despite the inability to have their name said on the radio , parlayed their comedy-punk spectacle to a feature in Playboy Magazine and movie appearances , including 1982 's Alone in the Dark . After the dissolution of the late '70s punk scene , McDaniel laid low for much of the '80s , recording jingles and demos . A group of these demos , recorded under the name Life of Riley ( featuring Peter Engisch and Perry Gartner ) were picked up by Grammy-award nominated producer Paul Wickliffe , who produced an album 's worth of material for the group , only to have the arrangement ( and the group ) dissolve under contract disputes . Several of these tracks can be heard on the McDaniel/Gartner collection Ongepotchket . Through the '90s , he served as guitarist and bassist for R&B singer Vaneese Thomas , daughter of soul icon Rufus Thomas , known for her 1987 top 20 hits `` Let 's Talk It Over '' and '' ( I Wan na Get ) Close To You '' . McDaniel was ultimately elevated to the role of musical director of her touring band , a job which he still holds . The '90s also saw the formation of McDaniel 's band Nine Men 's Morris and their first release Monster in My Stomach on Segue Records . McDaniel provided the songs , guitars and lead vocals , and was joined by Gartner on drums and bassist Donald Kyle . The follow-up album , It 's a Wonderful Life , was released in 2004 to excellent reviews , with the title cut being featured on MTV 's show Made . In 2000 , McDaniel extended his musical horizons by composing a ballet , Alice in Wonderland , set on the East Coast Youth Ballet . The ballet was performed in 2001 and 2002 at the Rich Forum and Palace Theater in Stamford , Connecticut to sold-out houses and rave reviews . McDaniel has also performed/recorded with Gil Parris , Valerie Capers , Carla Thomas , Paul Shaffer , Randy Brecker , Johnny Thunders , Lydia Lunch , James Chance , Richard Lloyd , Shawn Pelton , Sid McGinnis , Kirk Whalum , Jill Sobule , Nick Moroch , Paul Adamy , Shelton Becton , Chieli Minucci , Philippe Saisse , Eileen Ivers , Tommy Mandel , Napoleon Murphy Brock , Mike Keneally , Ray White , Wycliffe Gordon , David Spinozza , Bernie Williams , Lloyd Price , and the Ed Palermo Big Band , among others . As of December 2006 , he is the lead vocalist and guitar player for Nine Men 's Morris , and can be seen performing the music of Frank Zappa with the Ed Palermo Big Band . In 2008 he composed the score for the film School Play , which won the Best Documentary Film award at the Big Apple Film Festival in NYC . In late 2008 he produced the album Eddy Loves Frank for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which was released in spring of 2009 . Eddy Loves Frank spent 10 weeks in the CMJ Jazz charts top 20 , peaking at # 5 . In 2010 and 2011 , McDaniel provided the music for Climate Week NYC . As of 2009 , the reformed Sic F*ck s have been performing sporadically in and around New York City with McDaniel on guitar . In November 2011 , they performed in Hamilton , Ontario with guests J. P. Patterson of The Dictators , Albert Bouchard of Blue Öyster Cult and Gord Lewis from Teenage Head . Other guest appearances with the band have included Dennis Dunaway of Alice Cooper and Jeff Magnum of The Dead Boys . As of 2011 , McDaniel is performing with a reformed lineup of punk rock legends the Tuff Darts , filling the guitar role of the late Jeff Salen . In 2014 , he produced the album Oh No , Not Jazz ! for the Ed Palermo Big Band , which received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine , as well as being the # 10 album of the year in their annual readers poll . In 2015 , he produced the album One Child Left Behind for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock and Frank Zappa 's sister Candy Zappa . In 2016 , he produced the albums The Great Un-American Songbook , Volumes 1 & 2 for the Ed Palermo Big Band , featuring Napoleon Murphy Brock , which also received a 4-star review from Down Beat Magazine . Volume 3 will be released in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eecd08ca4160cc411778149bb25f3c96",
"text": "The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire . Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own . The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) . A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis . In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner . In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production . In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey . In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de77e8f88e4aa6857add8d7f9d90c4a2",
"text": "Saratoga Trunk Saratoga Trunk is a 1945 American romantic drama film directed by Sam Wood and starring Gary Cooper , Ingrid Bergman , and Flora Robson . Written by Casey Robinson , and based on the novel Saratoga Trunk by Edna Ferber , the film is about a Texas gambler and a Creole daughter of an aristocratic family who work together to seek justice from a society that has rejected them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "144d4092a0b9f4714a4185d938a413aa",
"text": "John Elliott (Georgia) John Elliott ( October 24 , 1773 -- August 9 , 1827 ) was a United States Senator from Georgia , serving from 1819 to 1825 . Elliott graduated from Yale University in 1794 and returned to Georgia to practice law . He was elected to the Senate after holding several local offices . Through his first wife Esther Dunwoody , he was the father of Hester Amarintha `` Hettie '' Elliott ( 1797 -- 1831 ) and Corinne Elliott . Hettie was the first wife of Major James Stephens Bulloch ( 1793 -- 1849 ) and mother of Civil War Confederate veteran James Dunwoody Bulloch ( 1823 -- 1901 ) . Senator Elliott was also the first husband of Martha `` Patsy '' Stewart ( 1799 -- 1864 ) , daughter of General Daniel Stewart and Sarah Susannah Oswald . John and Patsy had four children : Susan Ann Elliott ( 1820 -- 1895 ) Georgia Amanda Elliott ( 1822 -- 1848 ) Charles William Elliott ( September 1824 -- c. 1825 ) Daniel Stewart `` Dan '' Elliott ( 1826 -- 1861 ) , Civil War Confederate casualty After his death , Patsy married Major Bulloch in May 8 , 1832 and had four children , including Martha `` Mittie '' Bulloch ( 1835 -- 1884 ) and Civil War Confederate veteran Irvine Stephens Bulloch ( 1842 -- 1898 ) . Mittie was the mother of US President Theodore Roosevelt ( 1858 -- 1919 ) and Elliott Bulloch Roosevelt ( 1860 -- 1894 ) , who was the father of First Lady Anna Eleanor Roosevelt ( 1884 -- 1962 ) . In 1820 , he owned 115 slaves in Liberty County , Georgia . In 1830 , his estate owned 117 slaves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12e854497d4a6b6efa2d3e9c49fb4e0d",
"text": "Saratoga Township, Grundy County, Illinois Saratoga Township ( T34N R7E ) is one of seventeen townships in Grundy County , Illinois , USA . As of the 2010 census , its population was 6,122 and it contained 2,541 housing units .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3eb50e5262cd622038fe00a4cc06188e | Steve Buscemi was in the movie Interview. | [
{
"docid": "853c8d54c1e71e379e931d586afe31dc",
"text": "Steve Buscemi Steven Vincent Buscemi ( -LSB- buːˈsɛmi -RSB- born December 13 , 1957 ) is an American actor and film director . Buscemi has starred and supported in successful Hollywood and indie films , including Parting Glances , New York Stories , Mystery Train , Reservoir Dogs , Desperado , Con Air , Armageddon , The Grey Zone , Ghost World , Big Fish , and The Sopranos . He is also known for his appearances in many films by the Coen brothers : Miller 's Crossing , Barton Fink , The Hudsucker Proxy , Fargo , and The Big Lebowski . Buscemi provides the voice of Randall Boggs in the Monsters , Inc. franchise . From 2010 to 2014 , he portrayed Enoch `` Nucky '' Thompson in the critically acclaimed series Boardwalk Empire , which earned him two Screen Actors Guild Awards , a Golden Globe , and two nominations for an Emmy Award . He made his directorial debut in 1996 , with Trees Lounge , in which he also starred . Other works include Animal Factory ( 2000 ) , Lonesome Jim ( 2005 ) and Interview ( 2007 ) . He has also directed numerous episodes of TV shows , including Homicide : Life on the Street , The Sopranos , Oz , 30 Rock , and Nurse Jackie . He currently hosts the Emmy Award-winning AOL On comedy talk-show Park Bench .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42f8cfa13fe03a0bac5e772a25604565",
"text": "Interview (2007 film) Interview is a remake of Dutch film maker Theo van Gogh 's 2003 movie of the same name . The American version , which premiered in 2007 , stars Steve Buscemi as Pierre Peders ( originally played by Pierre Bokma ) , a fading political journalist interviewing a soap opera star , Katya , played by Sienna Miller ( originally played by Katja Schuurman ) . This film also features Tara Elders as Maggie , Molly Griffith as a waitress , and Philippe Vonlanthen as an autograph seeker . Steve Buscemi is also a director of this American adaptation . Katja Schuurman , the actress who played Sienna Miller 's part in the original movie , has a small cameo as a woman leaving a limo towards the end of the movie .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f73947644104819d2a325afc9cc3d950",
"text": "Kiss Daddy Goodnight Kiss Daddy Goodnight is a 1987 American neo-noir psychological thriller film directed by Peter Ily Huemer . It stars Uma Thurman in her film debut , and Steve Buscemi in a small role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1beea60139eb531a70c0aba559688e62",
"text": "Interview (1971 film) Interview was a 1971 Bengali film directed by noted Indian art film director Mrinal Sen. A path-breaking film in terms of the narrative innovation and cinematic technique , it was a commercial success and went to run for six weeks amidst gushing admiration and accolades , when it was screened first . It also happened to be the debut film of Ranjit Mallick . Though according to the director , it was a film on the colonial hangover , it touched upon the diverse issue of anti-establishment , middle class cowardice , unemployment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a0d884640b611e0a62c4efd88fdfec5",
"text": "The Boat That Rocked The Boat That Rocked ( retitled Pirate Radio in North America , Good Morning England in France , Radio Rock Revolution in Germany , Рок-волна ( The Rock Wave ) in Russia , and I Love Radio Rock in Italy ) is a 2009 British comedy film written and directed by Richard Curtis , with pirate radio in the United Kingdom during the 1960s as its setting . The film has an ensemble cast featuring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Bill Nighy , Rhys Ifans , Nick Frost , and Kenneth Branagh . Set in 1966 , it tells the story of the fictitious pirate radio station `` Radio Rock '' and its crew of eclectic disc jockeys , who broadcast rock and pop music to the United Kingdom from a ship anchored in the North Sea while the British government endeavours to shut them down . It was produced by Working Title Films for Universal Pictures , and was filmed on the Isle of Portland and at Shepperton Studios . After the world premiere in London 's Leicester Square on 29 March 2009 , the film was released in United Kingdom and Ireland on 1 April 2009 . It was a commercial failure at the British box office , making only US$ 10.1 million in its first three months , just a fifth of its US$ 50 million production cost . It received mixed reviews , with most criticism directed at its muddled storyline and 2 1/4 - hour length . For its North American release the film had its running time cut by 20 minutes , and was retitled Pirate Radio . Opening 13 November 2009 , it was still commercially unsuccessful in the US , earning only US$ 8 million . When the worldwide theatrical run was finished in January 2010 , the film had grossed US$ 36.3 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "191ef0077c7883f2dd598fb550444edd",
"text": "The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a29f6e113a9e49453d47e840123ef6aa",
"text": "Life Itself (film) Life Itself is a 2014 American biographical documentary film about film critic Roger Ebert , directed by Steve James and produced by Zak Piper , Steve James and Garrett Basch . The film is based on Ebert 's 2011 memoir of the same name . It premiered at the 2014 Sundance Film Festival and was an official selection at the 67th Cannes Film Festival . The 41st Telluride Film Festival hosted a special screening of the film on August 28 , 2014 . Magnolia Pictures released the film theatrically in the United States and simultaneously via video on demand platforms on July 4 , 2014 . On December 2 , 2014 , the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences announced that the film was 1 of 15 films shortlisted in the Documentary Feature category for the 87th Academy Awards , but it was not nominated . It was also nominated for two News & Documentary Emmy Awards , winning the award for Outstanding Editing : Documentary & Long-Form .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef5e5cd417b2dacfd9af51deb8e16c94",
"text": "Tony Blundetto Anthony `` Tony '' Blundetto , played by Steve Buscemi , is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos . He is Tony Soprano 's cousin who is released from prison at the beginning of the show 's fifth season . Upon release , Tony Blundetto begins to pursue a straight , non-criminal life . However , he is eventually overpowered by the challenges of civilian life and turns back to crime , dragging the DiMeo Crime Family into the Lupertazzi Crime Family 's power struggle . For his work in season 5 , Buscemi received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "297999cda6f3cf230c27f4da856b2f11",
"text": "Lynch on Lynch Lynch on Lynch is a book of interviews with David Lynch , conducted , edited , and introduced by Chris Rodley , himself a filmmaker . The interviews took place between 1993 and 1996 . Each chapter is devoted to a separate film , from his beginnings up to Lost Highway . It was published by Faber & Faber Limited in London in 1997 ( ISBN 0-571-19548-2 ) . A revised edition was published by Farrar Straus & Giroux on March 16 , 2005 ( ISBN 0-571-22018-5 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ccdd59bd0d6d6af329483726a116b0fe",
"text": "Hollywood Don't Surf! Hollywood Do n't Surf ! is a 2011 documentary film that premiered in the 2010 Cannes Film Festival while a work in progress and held its North American premiere at the 2011 Telluride Film Festival , where it was presented to a packed park at the Abel Gance Outdoor theater by actress Daryl Hannah . Narrated by Robert Englund , the film explores the purportedly strained relationship between Hollywood film makers and the surfing community . After an irreverent and wild main title sequence ( including the first printed and filmed images of surfing ) , Hollywood Do n't Surf ! examines the legendary film Gidget and the subsequent surf exploitation genre that followed , centering on the ambitious John Milius written and directed 1978 Warner Bros. film Big Wednesday , a commercial disappointment at the time , and the smattering of surf films that followed as Big Wednesday enjoyed a subsequent rebirth as a cult film on home video . The documentary features : Quentin Tarantino Steven Spielberg John Milius Jan-Michael Vincent Robert Englund Stacy Peralta Gary Busey Lee Purcell Frankie Avalon John Stockwell Nia Peeples William Katt Laird Hamilton Greg Noll Kathy Kohner-Zuckerman Rick Dano Holly Beck",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c87e17d97b21620c16a8a0bbcf5f3eaa",
"text": "Papillon (film) Papillon is a 1973 American crime drama prison film directed by Franklin J. Schaffner , based on the best-selling autobiography by the French convict Henri Charrière . The film stars Steve McQueen as Henri Charrière ( `` Papillon '' ) , and Dustin Hoffman as Louis Dega . Because it was filmed at remote locations , the film was quite expensive for the time ( $ 12 million ) , but it readily earned more than twice that in the first year of public distribution . The film 's title is French for `` Butterfly , '' referring to Charrière 's tattoo and nickname .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84e507fd69a4b141fbf07d6ef5237ec1",
"text": "The Stunt Man The Stunt Man is a 1980 American film directed by Richard Rush , starring Peter O'Toole , Steve Railsback , and Barbara Hershey . The movie was adapted by Lawrence B. Marcus and Rush from the 1970 novel of the same name by Paul Brodeur . It tells the story of a young fugitive who hides as a stunt double on the set of an anti-war movie whose charismatic director will do seemingly anything for the sake of his art . It was nominated for three Academy Awards : Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Peter O'Toole ) , Best Director ( Richard Rush ) , and Best Writing , Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium . However , due to its limited release , it never earned much attention from US audiences at large . As O'Toole remarked in a DVD audio commentary , `` The film was n't released , it escaped . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "876022af87f647b87f58627e959d35fd",
"text": "Dark City (1998 film) Dark City is a 1998 American-Australian neo-noir science fiction film directed by Alex Proyas . The screenplay was written by Proyas , Lem Dobbs and David S. Goyer . The film stars Rufus Sewell , Kiefer Sutherland , Jennifer Connelly , and William Hurt . Sewell plays John Murdoch , an amnesiac man who finds himself suspected of murder . Murdoch attempts to discover his true identity and clear his name while on the run from the police and a mysterious group known only as the `` Strangers '' . The majority of the film was shot at Fox Studios Australia . It was jointly produced by New Line Cinema and Mystery Clock Cinema . New Line Cinema distributed the theatrical release . The film premiered in the United States on February 27 , 1998 . The film was nominated for Hugo and Saturn Awards . For the theatrical release , the studio was concerned that the audience would not understand the film and asked Proyas to add an explanatory voice-over narration to the introduction . A director 's cut was released in 2008 , restoring and preserving Proyas 's original artistic vision for the film . Some critics have noted its similarities and possible influence on the Matrix series , which came out a year later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "943cb6b281f049169842bbdec445ec6c",
"text": "Wired (film) Wired is a 1989 biographical film of comedian and actor John Belushi , directed by Larry Peerce , and adapted from the investigative journalism book Wired : The Short Life and Fast Times of John Belushi written by Washington Post journalist Bob Woodward and published in 1984 . It starred Michael Chiklis in his film debut as Belushi . Wired was both a critical and a commercial failure . The film has never been released on DVD , and the videocassette originally released by International Video Entertainment is out of print . The film was marketed with the tagline `` For John Belushi , every night was Saturday Night '' . The film 's trailer opted for the tagline `` The laughs and times of John Belushi '' , paraphrasing the title of Woodward 's book .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b454573028840571611976ae9df969a8",
"text": "The Great Moment (1944 film) The Great Moment is a 1944 biographical film written and directed by Preston Sturges . Based on the book Triumph Over Pain ( 1940 ) by René Fülöp-Miller , it tells the story of Dr. William Thomas Green Morton , a 19th-century Boston dentist who discovered the use of ether for general anesthesia . The film stars Joel McCrea and Betty Field , and features Harry Carey , William Demarest , Franklin Pangborn and Porter Hall . The movie was filmed in 1942 but not released for over two years , and the released version differed from what Preston Sturges had wished , although he publicly accepted the film as his own . Paramount Pictures disliked the film Sturges had made , and pulled it from his control , re-titled and re-edited it , in the process making it ( especially in the early segment ) more confusing for the audience to understand . The studio 's released version was marketed in a way that made it appear to be one of Sturges ' comedies . The film was not well received by the critics or the public , and marked the end of a sustained run of success for Sturges , who had already left Paramount by the time the film was released . Although rarely seen today , the film is worth viewing for its flashback structure -- comparable in some ways to Citizen Kane , which was influenced by the earlier film The Power and the Glory , for which Sturges wrote the screenplay -- and for its irreverent and subtly satirical tone , unusual for a time when most Hollywood biopics were over-inflated and sentimental . In 2003 a medical-dental historian in a lengthy analysis of the movie and its history -- which cited its flashback structure , timeless subject , injections of humor , and `` un-Pasteur-like '' treatment of its protagonist , while adhering reasonably well to the historical record -- concluded that `` The Great Moment may now be due for a general reevaluation by movie historians and critics who , like most folks , have never felt much affection for dentists past and present . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01ac3b808a820d20835904723044fd38",
"text": "28 Days (film) 28 Days is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Betty Thomas . Sandra Bullock plays Gwen Cummings , a newspaper columnist obliged to enter rehabilitation for alcoholism . The film costars Viggo Mortensen , Dominic West , Elizabeth Perkins , Steve Buscemi , and Diane Ladd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "402b2ba49c08618310132b7532d1a2be",
"text": "Entity (2012 film) Entity is a 2012 British supernatural thriller film written and directed by Steve Stone . The film had its world premiere on 25 October 2012 , at the Bram Stoker International Film Festival . It stars Dervla Kirwan , Charlotte Riley , and Branko Tomovic and centers upon a British reality show film crew that encounters a dark entity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dfef7935bd1fb452849d44a47c997ae",
"text": "Bring It On: In It to Win It Bring It On : In It to Win It is a 2007 teen film directed by Steve Rash and starring Ashley Benson , Cassie Scerbo and Michael Copon . It is the fourth film in the Bring It On franchise , which focuses on competitive cheerleading . It was shot at Universal Orlando Resort in Orlando , United States . It was released direct-to-video on December 18 , 2007 . There are no recurring cast members or canonical references to its predecessors . Only Steve Rash , who also directed the previous film , Bring It On : All or Nothing , returned to direct this film . The film stylistically refers to its predecessors in that it opens with a choreographed routine that turns out to be a dream sequence of the protagonist and the end credits feature outtakes and clips of the cast having fun dancing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "856361cd31b90d961aa28a63286f98b8",
"text": "Joe Bob Goes to the Drive In Joe Bob Goes to the Drive In is the first book by John Bloom under the pen name Joe Bob Briggs . It consists of his movie reviews written between 1982 and 1985 . Joe Bob was Bloom 's satirical creation , allowing him to spoof stereotypical `` redneck '' Texan values while giving genuine praise to schlock films . It was not widely known until he was fired in 1985 that Briggs was not , in fact , a real person . Joe Bob exclusively viewed movies in drive-ins , in his Oldsmobile Toronado with any one of several girlfriends . According to his column , he has four ex-wives , and is always on the lookout for `` ex-wife number five '' . An entire fictional cast of characters popped up over the period of the column , who would often be mentioned in the story along with the movie reviews . The entire book is made up of columns and shorter segments called `` Joe Bob 's Mailbag , '' when Joe Bob writes back to his fans , and often his critics . The only two people who actually appear in the first person are Joe Bob and Stephen King , who saw several of his books made into movies during that period and actually wrote the introduction to the book when it was compiled and published in 1987 . Joe Bob/Bloom lived in Texas during the duration of both this book and its sequel , Joe Bob Goes Back to the Drive In . At first his column appeared solely in The Dallas Times-Herald , but was eventually syndicated before Joe Bob was dropped completely . This event actually signals the end of the book , when Joe Bob states that he had been ` killed ' . Category : Books about film",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de4768b24a6f1ca7d782aa14997d00a5",
"text": "American Gigolo American Gigolo is a 1980 American romantic crime film written and directed by Paul Schrader , and starring Richard Gere , Lauren Hutton , Hector Elizondo , Nina Van Pallandt and Bill Duke . It tells the story of Julian Kaye , a high-price male escort in Los Angeles who becomes romantically involved with a prominent politician 's wife while simultaneously becoming the prime suspect in a murder case . The film is notable for establishing Gere as a leading man , and was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to include frontal male nudity from its main star . It is also notable for its accompanying soundtrack , composed by Giorgio Moroder and featuring the number-one hit single `` Call Me '' by Blondie . Schrader considers it one of four similar films , which he calls `` double bookends '' : Taxi Driver , bookended by Light Sleeper , and American Gigolo bookended by The Walker .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c98c74bc7a1626175087329ef9c6e721 | Willie Nelson graduated high school in 1950. | [
{
"docid": "794a9510f5d16ba9012be102fce707a3",
"text": "Willie Nelson Willie Hugh Nelson ( born April 29 , 1933 ) is an American musician , singer , songwriter , author , poet , actor , and activist . The critical success of the album Shotgun Willie ( 1973 ) , combined with the critical and commercial success of Red Headed Stranger ( 1975 ) and Stardust ( 1978 ) , made Nelson one of the most recognized artists in country music . He was one of the main figures of outlaw country , a subgenre of country music that developed in the late 1960s as a reaction to the conservative restrictions of the Nashville sound . Nelson has acted in over 30 films , co-authored several books , and has been involved in activism for the use of biofuels and the legalization of marijuana . Born during the Great Depression , and raised by his grandparents , Nelson wrote his first song at age seven and joined his first band at ten . During high school , he toured locally with the Bohemian Polka as their lead singer and guitar player . After graduating from high school in 1950 , he joined the Air Force but was later discharged due to back problems . After his return , Nelson attended Baylor University for two years but dropped out because he was succeeding in music . During this time , he worked as a disc jockey in Texas radio stations and a singer in honky-tonks . Nelson moved to Vancouver , Washington , where he wrote `` Family Bible '' and recorded the song `` Lumberjack '' in 1956 . In 1958 , he moved to Houston , Texas , after signing a contract with D Records . He sang at the Esquire Ballroom weekly and he worked as a disk jockey . During that time , he wrote songs that would become country standards , including `` Funny How Time Slips Away '' , `` Hello Walls '' , `` Pretty Paper '' , and `` Crazy '' . In 1960 he moved to Nashville , Tennessee , and later signed a publishing contract with Pamper Music which allowed him to join Ray Price 's band as a bassist . In 1962 , he recorded his first album , ... And Then I Wrote . Due to this success , Nelson signed in 1964 with RCA Victor and joined the Grand Ole Opry the following year . After mid-chart hits in the late 1960s and the early 1970s , Nelson retired in 1972 and moved to Austin , Texas . The ongoing music scene of Austin motivated Nelson to return from retirement , performing frequently at the Armadillo World Headquarters . In 1973 , after signing with Atlantic Records , Nelson turned to outlaw country , including albums such as Shotgun Willie and Phases and Stages . In 1975 , he switched to Columbia Records , where he recorded the critically acclaimed album Red Headed Stranger . The same year , he recorded another outlaw country album , Wanted ! The Outlaws , along with Waylon Jennings , Jessi Colter , and Tompall Glaser . During the mid-1980s , while creating hit albums like Honeysuckle Rose and recording hit songs like `` On the Road Again '' , `` To All the Girls I 've Loved Before '' , and `` Pancho and Lefty '' , he joined the country supergroup The Highwaymen , along with fellow singers Johnny Cash , Waylon Jennings , and Kris Kristofferson . In 1990 , Nelson 's assets were seized by the Internal Revenue Service , which claimed that he owed . The difficulty of paying his outstanding debt was aggravated by weak investments he had made during the 1980s . In 1992 , Nelson released The IRS Tapes : Who 'll Buy My Memories ? ; the profits of the double album -- destined to the IRS -- and the auction of Nelson 's assets cleared his debt . During the 1990s and 2000s , Nelson continued touring extensively , and released albums every year . Reviews ranged from positive to mixed . He explored genres such as reggae , blues , jazz , and folk . Nelson made his first movie appearance in the 1979 film The Electric Horseman , followed by other appearances in movies and on television . Nelson is a major liberal activist and the co-chair of the advisory board of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws ( NORML ) , which is in favor of marijuana legalization . On the environmental front , Nelson owns the bio-diesel brand Willie Nelson Biodiesel , which is made from vegetable oil . Nelson is also the honorary chairman of the Advisory Board of the Texas Music Project , the official music charity of the state of Texas .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ba2c0178b3513da8240e6b9e385bcbcd",
"text": "Willie Harper Willie Miles Harper ( born July 30 , 1950 ) is a former American Football linebacker who played for the San Francisco 49ers . Harper played high school football for Toledo Scott and college football at University of Nebraska where he was an All-American in 1972 and was drafted in the second round of the 1973 NFL Draft by the 49ers , who he stayed with for eleven years , from 1973 to 1983 . He moved to the USFL in 1984 to play for the New Jersey Generals . He finished his career with the Houston Gamblers in 1985 . His son , Josh Harper , played college football at Fresno State University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15ab61a5ba80dbee4fdad0294cee22e6",
"text": "Spike Nelson Emerson William `` Spike '' Nelson ( April 2 , 1906 -- October 20 , 1998 ) was an American football player and coach . He served as the head football coach at Mississippi State College , now Mississippi State University , in 1938 and at Yale University in 1941 , compiling a career college football record of 5 -- 13 . He played college football as a tackle at the University of Iowa and was selected as a first-team tackle by the New York Sun on its 1926 College Football All-America Team . He was also selected as a second-team All-American by the Associated Press and Central Press .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d4fa3add16186fef7c663cb15df2997",
"text": "Wayne Nelson Wayne Nelson ( born June 1 , 1950 in Kansas City , Missouri ) is an American singer and musician best known for being a member of the rock band Little River Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51e47adb33edafb54fec54e5a4875ad3",
"text": "Keith Nelson (basketball) Keith Nelson ( born ) is an American former basketball player who is best known for his collegiate career . After spending his first two seasons playing at a junior college , Nelson took his game to the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga ( Chattanooga ) in the fall of 1990 . He spent two seasons playing at the Southern Conference school , an NCAA Division I institution . In just two seasons he scored 1,047 points , led the Mocs in scoring and rebounding both seasons , and was named the conference co-player of the year as a senior . Nelson , a center , was also a two-time First Team All-SoCon performer who guided Chattanooga to back-to-back co-SoCon regular season championships . His career 9.2 rebounds per game average is tops all-time in school history . In 2004 , the university inducted him into their athletics hall of fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65c09bcd8238e6db17652fd58691a19c",
"text": "Hard Times on Easy Street Hard Times on Easy Street is a 1987 album by country singer David Lynn Jones . It was his first release . Willie Nelson 's version of `` Living in the Promiseland '' was a number one hit in 1986 . `` High Ridin ' Heroes '' is a duet with Waylon Jennings . The album produced four singles : `` Bonnie Jean ( Little Sister ) '' , `` High Ridin ' Heroes '' , `` The Rogue '' , and `` Tonight in America '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77de2d5ff5c5d90f6cd8676517919ab9",
"text": "W. B. Ray High School W. B. Ray High School is a 5A secondary school centrally located in Corpus Christi , Texas and is part of the Corpus Christi Independent School District . The school is named in honor of CCISD school board president , William Benton Ray . W. B. Ray High School opened in 1950 . Ray High School is particular noted for its Socratic method , a system based on teacher and student interaction , that promulgates discussion and inquiry-based learning in the classroom . W. B. Ray High School one of 46 high schools in Texas designated as a World School by the International Baccalaureate Program . W. B. Ray High School is the only high school in CCISD which offers the International Baccalaureate Program and is CCISD 's only program for Gifted and Talented students at the High School level , offering higher level academic courses that surpass Honors and AP courses in both rigor and difficulty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0a244895c18ca7a26d204dc08134fc0",
"text": "1950 Tennessee Volunteers football team The 1950 Tennessee Volunteers football team represented the University of Tennessee in the 1950 season . Led by head coach Robert Neyland , the Volunteers lost only one game , a 7 -- 0 upset at Mississippi State in the second game of the season . The Vols handed # 3 Kentucky , coached by Bear Bryant , its only loss and defeated # 2 Texas in the en route to an 11 -- 1 record . Big Seven champion Oklahoma finished the regular season 10 -- 0 and was named national champions by the AP Poll , but lost to Kentucky , who Tennessee earlier defeated , in the Sugar Bowl . Tennessee was the only top five team that year to win their bowl game . Thus , Tennessee was voted national champions by a preponderance of selectors , with 18 to Oklahoma 's 11 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58b90fbfa4092bc1f77503b0052e2dc1",
"text": "Frank W. Cox High School Frank W. Cox High School is a secondary school located in the Great Neck subdivision of Virginia Beach , Virginia . It was founded in 1961 as the Northeast Junior High School , but upon opening , it was named after a former superintendent of Virginia Beach City Public Schools , Frank Woodard Cox , who led the school division from 1933 to 1968 . A replacement building , also designated as a primary hurricane shelter , was built nearby , at 2425 Shorehaven Drive . The high school was moved into the new building in the fall of 1983 . The original building at 1848 N. Great Neck Road became Great Neck Junior High and then Great Neck Middle School . The original building was demolished in 2012 . The current administration at Cox includes former principal of Kemps Landing Magnet School and Lynnhaven Middle School , Dr. Randi R. Riesbeck .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "564b76c3bbdfeb3cc886be9ef7eb2ee1",
"text": "Conway High School (Arkansas) Conway High School is a comprehensive public school in Conway , Arkansas , United States . Conway High School serves over 2,000 students and is administered by the Conway School District . The school has been nationally recognized as a Blue Ribbon School of Excellence and since 1953 has won at least 33 state championships in interscholastic sports .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31ad1dcb27a4ce590d7e54d26b3dcbc2",
"text": "Mary G. Montgomery High School Mary Gillen Montgomery High School is located in Semmes , an incorporated suburb of Mobile in Mobile County , Alabama , United States . Founded in 1965 , the school is part of the Mobile County Public School System , and is one of the largest of the county 's 18 public high schools . Due to its long official name , the school is affectionately known as `` MGM , '' `` Mary G , '' `` Mary Montgomery , '' or `` Montgomery High . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df6bfe05dd52b8d1e30a4779e70f5cb1",
"text": "Mill Creek High School Mill Creek High School is a high school in Hoschton , Georgia , United States . It serves the unincorporated area of Hamilton Mill , Gwinnett County , a suburb of Atlanta , as well as Braselton . It also serves unincorporated areas ( not city limits ) such as zip codes 30548 , 30019 , 30542 , 30517 and 30519 . It has 3,997 students , and the most recent attendance counts have named it the largest school in Georgia . It is fed by Frank N. Osborne Middle School and Glenn C. Jones Middle School . Mill Creek was named for the 4th consecutive year as one of the schools in the top 5 % in the country with regard to academics and test results . The school 's motto ( `` the vision '' ) is , `` By creating a culture of excellence through the development of character , academics , talents , leadership , and service , Mill Creek Hawks S.O.A.R ( Strive to Overachieve through Accountability and Respect ) . In August 2004 , Mill Creek opened with 2,500 students . It now enrolls a little under 4,000 students , and 292 staff members . It has 53 trailers around the school to provide enough space for its many students . Mill Creek has over 100 student clubs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "552dcd84ebe20e05e4503185ed0dbf9c",
"text": "Edna Gallmon Cooke Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke ( 1918 - September 4 , 1967 ) was a renowned gospel singer and recording artist from 1949 until her death in 1967 . Personal information about Ms. Cooke is scarce and most of her biographical details have been gleaned from the liner notes of her various albums . Ms. Gallmon Cooke is best known for her recordings of `` Stop Gambler '' and `` Heavy Load '' . Born in Columbia , South Carolina in 1918 , the daughter of a Baptist preacher , Reverend Eddie J. Gallmon also a former pastor at Bethlehem Baptist Church ( College place ) . Edna Gallmon Cooke was more formally educated and musically trained than most of her gospel peers . As a young adult , she lived and studied in Washington D.C. and Philadelphia , attending Temple University and briefly teaching elementary school . She had contemplated a career in semi-classics and show tunes when she underwent a musical conversion of sorts after hearing gospel singer , Willie Mae Ford Smith in the late 1930s . `` I was shocked . The woman sang with such finesse ... I knew I had to be a gospel singer . '' Shortly after , Ms. Gallmon Cooke joined the Holiness Church and became preeminently consecrated -- with the Holiness Church bestowing the honorific ` Madame ' to her name to announce her devotion . During the 1940s , Madame Gallmon Cooke toured the Southeast , billed as the `` Sweetheart of the Potomac '' . She performed hymns and gospel songs in the manner of Willie Mae Ford Smith , but her mezzo-soprano could not duplicate Smith 's contralto blasts . Elaborating on that style , Gallmon Cooke returned to familiar sources , popularizing the sermonettes and spirituals her father Eddie Gallmon had performed in the 1920s . Madame Gallmon Cooke became a `` transcendent moaner and a mistress of what note-bending musicologists call melisma and church folks call curlicues , runs and flowers and frills . '' Ms. Cooke began recording in the late 1940s for the Nashboro Recording Label in Nashville , TN usually accompanied by her father 's choir , The Young People 's Choir of the Springfield Baptist Church of Washington , DC . Her later recordings included male vocal groups . Madame Gallmon Cooke 's commanding switch in styles occurred after her marriage to Barney Parks , Jr. , a former member of The Dixie Hummingbirds and a founder of The Sensational Nightingales . They had met in 1951 when Marie Knight , Rosetta Tharpe 's old partner , organized a tour featuring herself , Cooke , and The Nightingales . Under Park 's management and direction , Madame Edna Gallmon Cooke became a household name in gospel . It is suspected that the name Cooke was from her first marriage which ended because of the death of her husband . The liner notes to `` Mother Smith and Her Children '' describes Madame Cooke as `` an exquisite stylist , with a sensuous appeal akin to Billie Holiday . She is referred to as rap music 's gospel progenitor ; a penchant for rhymed , spoken chants produced her most famous recordings . '' Ms. Cooke died in Philadelphia , Pennsylvania on September 4 , 1967 . She was 49 years old .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dfc082ef3f1f0ca8982783bc254b5fdf",
"text": "Family (Willie Nelson's band) The Family is Willie Nelson 's touring and recording group . Nelson , who did not manage through the 1960s to succeed as a singer , retired after the failure of his 1971 album Yesterday 's Wine . The following year , he returned from retirement rejuvenated by the burgeoning music movement of Austin , Texas . In 1973 , he formed a new backing band . The new lineup consisted of some of the members of his old road band `` The Record Men , '' with the addition of new members . The original lineup included his sister , Bobbie , on the piano ; drummer Paul English ; harmonicist Mickey Raphael ; bassist Bee Spears ; and guitarist Jody Payne . The current lineup includes all the members but Jody Payne , who retired in 2008 , and Bee Spears , who died in 2011 . Billy English joined in 2010 to help his brother Paul after he suffered a stroke the same year . Replacing Spears , Kevin Smith joined the band in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d382b0499e9058795429eca5546f5d83",
"text": "Brockton High School Brockton High School , established in 1870 , is a high school located in Brockton , Massachusetts . It is a part of Brockton Public Schools . As of 2016 Brockton High School , with 4,250 students , is one of the largest high schools in the United States and the largest high school in Massachusetts . Although widely stated by locals to be the largest high school East of the Mississippi River , it is in fact false , as this title is currently held by Brooklyn Technical High School in New York City . Brockton High School 's colors are Black & Red and their mascot is the Boxers , which is a reference to the storied boxing history of the city , and also a tribute to hall-of-fame boxers Rocky Marciano and Marvin Hagler , who are both from Brockton and alumni of Brockton High School .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd5e832443a3b5a07774b0751d096061",
"text": "Collector's Series (Willie Nelson album) Collector 's Series is a 1985 compilation album by country singer Willie Nelson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a054f817a3a20227c11134797c3aec93",
"text": "Family Bible (song) `` Family Bible '' is a song written by country music singer-songwriter Willie Nelson . Nelson began writing the song in 1957 , while he enjoyed success as a disc jockey in KVAN , in Vancouver , Washington . After being denied a raise by the station , he moved to Houston , Texas . Due to financial issues he sold the song to Paul Buskirk . Upon purchasing the song , Buskirk took it to singer Claude Gray . Gray 's recording of the song reached number seven on Billboard 's Hot Country Singles . Fueled by the success of the record , Nelson moved to Nashville , Tennessee , where he enjoyed recognition for writing the song . It became part of Nelson 's live performance set , and he recorded it for the first time himself for his 1971 album Yesterday 's Wine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "216ac6cf674870de8952349d79837690",
"text": "Hastings High School (Minnesota) Hastings Senior High School is one of the oldest operating public high schools in the state of Minnesota . Hastings Senior High School is located in Hastings , Minnesota and is part of Independent School District 200 . A brand new multimillion-dollar school was established in 2001 , upon which a new vision took place for the education of Hastings ' students . The construction of the new school was centered on a bridge connecting the athletic portion of the school to the academic . Not only does this bridge show the important connection between academics and athletics at Hastings , it also holds a metaphorical meaning according to the school 's website : `` Hastings High School is a student-centered environment , a bridge connecting students to other students , and students to teachers , staff and administrators '' . Hastings High School has a strong connection to the community and reflects its unique heritage and tradition of progress '' Hastings High school is known for its strong music program , a freshmen orientation program titled `` Link Crew '' , athletics , National Honor Society , and service to the community in which it is established . Hastings High School is also known for their national placing show choir , Riverside Company . Hastings also has an incredible special education program in the school and works with students of all abilities . The school 's philosophy is revolved around a liberal arts education where students must take core classes to fulfill graduation requirements including English , social studies , mathematics , sciences , languages , and the arts , but students can also choose from a variety of business , physical education , horticulture , family studies , and industrial technology classes . Hastings enrolls about 1,800 students grades 9-12 and has a graduation rate of 97 percent . Hastings Senior High School is 354,000 square feet and is positioned on 100 + acres in the bluffs near the Mississippi River . Hastings Senior High School ( MN ) is home to the oldest , active alumni association in the country , hosting its 131st annual meeting in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0b8b07148fdd1ecccf82109390cd45d",
"text": "Lovington High School Lovington High School is the public senior high school of Lovington , New Mexico . Its colors are Royal Blue and White and their mascot is a Wildcat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5ecd5bd435bfa9208e9a483d07f4520",
"text": "VH1 Storytellers: Johnny Cash & Willie Nelson VH1 Storytellers is the 83rd overall album and is a live album by Johnny Cash and Willie Nelson , released in 1998 ( see 1998 in music ) on American Recordings . The album was produced by Rick Rubin and was the third record released as part of Cash 's ten-year period of collaboration with Rubin . It is not , however , counted as part of the American Recordings series , which is reserved for Cash 's studio work with Rubin . Cash and Nelson take turns on songs associated with each respective artist , usually with the other performing harmony or occasionally verses . The opening track is a duet with Cash and Nelson , and some tracks feature guitar solos by Nelson . Between tracks , Cash and Nelson joke with each other and discuss the songs and their origins . This was the final album of new performances released by Cash prior to the onset of health problems that forced him to curtail live concerts also led to changes in the timbre of his voice that were noticeable from American III : Solitary Man ( his next album release of new recordings issued in 2000 ) onwards . It was also Cash 's final purpose-recorded live album to be released during his lifetime , though an archival recording , Johnny Cash at Madison Square Garden , recorded in 1969 , would be issued a year before his death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "600011f9ebcde260fb6ddfed172287df",
"text": "Jim Nelson (baseball) James Lorin Nelson ( July 4 , 1947 -- August 22 , 2004 ) was an American right-handed pitcher in Major League Baseball for the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1970 and 1971 . Nelson was born in Birmingham , Alabama . The Pirates selected him in the 31st round of the 1965 amateur draft . His debut for the Pirates on May 30 , 1970 was memorable . He relieved Gene Garber in the fifth inning of a game at Forbes Field against the San Francisco Giants , struck out Willie Mays , and got Willie McCovey to hit into a double play ; he finished that appearance with three perfect innings pitched and four strikeouts , and hit a single in his only plate appearance . Nelson started his career with a 4-0 record for the Pirates in 1970 , a feat not equaled by a Pirates starting pitcher until Zach Duke in 2005 . Nelson also was the last Pirate pitcher to win his first 3 career starts until Gerrit Cole matched the feat in 2013 . Nelson also was the starting and winning pitcher in the final game played at Forbes Field on June 28 , 1970 . He commented on the fans ' frenzy at the end of that game : `` After the game , the fans stormed the field and took everything , grass , bases , numbers off the scoreboard . I even saw some old ladies with parts of chairs . It was a real scene . '' Nelson appeared in 15 games for the Pirates in 1970 and 17 games in 1971 , both as a starter and a reliever . He struggled with control in 1971 , walking 26 batters in 34 innings . In July , he was demoted to the minor leagues , but refused to report to his minor-league team . Although his teammates voted him a half-share of their 1971 World Series money , Pirates management did not award him a World Series ring . He underwent rotator cuff surgery and never returned to the majors . Nelson was a good-hitting pitcher , with 7 hits in 26 career at bats for a batting average of .269 . After retiring from baseball , Nelson became a produce salesman . He died unexpectedly at his Sacramento , California home at age 57 in 2004 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
dcf35998c269f16ba582fb40519a1434 | Slovenia does not use the euro as official currency. | [
{
"docid": "fcea13d081cb60384ccb3b7a50800e97",
"text": "Slovenia Slovenia ( -LSB- sloʊˈviːniə , _ slə - , _ - njə -RSB- ; Slovenija -LSB- slɔˈʋéːnija -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of Slovenia ( Slovene : , abbr. : RS ) , is a nation state in southern Central Europe , located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes . It is bordered by Italy to the west , Austria to the north , Hungary to the northeast , Croatia to the south and southeast , and the Adriatic Sea to the southwest . It covers 20,273 km2 and has a population of 2.06 million . It is a parliamentary republic and a member of the United Nations , European Union , and NATO . The capital and largest city is Ljubljana . The territory is mostly mountainous with a mainly continental climate , with the exception of the Slovene Littoral that has a sub-Mediterranean climate and the north-western area that has an Alpine climate . Additionally , the Dinaric Alps and the Pannonian Plain meet on the territory of Slovenia . The country , marked by a significant biological diversity , is one of the most water-rich in Europe , with a dense river network , a rich aquifer system , and significant karst underground watercourses . Over half of the territory is covered by forest . The human settlement of Slovenia is dispersed and uneven . Slovenia has historically been the crossroads of South Slavic , Germanic , Romance , and Hungarian languages and culture . Although the population is not homogeneous , the majority is Slovene . South Slavic language Slovene is the official language throughout the country . Slovenia is a largely secularized country , but its culture and identity have been significantly influenced by Catholicism as well as Lutheranism . The economy of Slovenia is small , open , and export-oriented and has been strongly influenced by international conditions . It has been severely hurt by the Eurozone crisis , started in the late 2000s . The main economic field is services , followed by industry and construction . Historically , the current territory of Slovenia was part of many different state formations , including the Roman Empire and the Holy Roman Empire , followed by the Habsburg Monarchy . In October 1918 , the Slovenes exercised self-determination for the first time by co-founding the State of Slovenes , Croats and Serbs . In December 1918 , they merged with the Kingdom of Serbia into the Kingdom of Serbs , Croats and Slovenes ( renamed Kingdom of Yugoslavia in 1929 ) . During World War II , Slovenia was occupied and annexed by Germany , Italy , and Hungary , with a tiny area transferred to the Independent State of Croatia , a Nazi puppet state . Afterward , it was a founding member of the Federal People 's Republic of Yugoslavia , later renamed the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia , a communist state which was the only country in the Eastern Bloc which was never part of the Warsaw Pact . In June 1991 , after the introduction of multi-party representative democracy , Slovenia split from Yugoslavia and became an independent country . In 2004 , it entered NATO and the European Union ; in 2007 became the first formerly communist country to join the Eurozone ; and in 2010 joined the OECD , a global association of high-income developed countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "352d300869f61a43056ccd4f5d316e53",
"text": "Eurozone The eurozone , officially called the euro area , is a monetary union of 19 of the 28 European Union ( EU ) member states which have adopted the euro as their common currency and sole legal tender . The monetary authority of the eurozone is the Eurosystem . The other nine members of the European Union continue to use their own national currencies , although most of them are obliged to adopt the euro in future . The eurozone consists of Austria , Belgium , Cyprus , Estonia , Finland , France , Germany , Greece , Ireland , Italy , Latvia , Lithuania , Luxembourg , Malta , the Netherlands , Portugal , Slovakia , Slovenia , and Spain . Other EU states ( except for Denmark and the United Kingdom ) are obliged to join once they meet the criteria to do so . No state has left , and there are no provisions to do so or to be expelled . Andorra , Monaco , San Marino , and Vatican City have formal agreements with the EU to use the euro as their official currency and issue their own coins . Kosovo and Montenegro have adopted the euro unilaterally , but these countries do not officially form part of the eurozone and do not have representation in the European Central Bank ( ECB ) or in the Eurogroup . The ECB , which is governed by a president and a board of the heads of national central banks , sets the monetary policy of the zone . The principal task of the ECB is to keep inflation under control . Though there is no common representation , governance or fiscal policy for the currency union , some co-operation does take place through the Eurogroup , which makes political decisions regarding the eurozone and the euro . The Eurogroup is composed of the finance ministers of eurozone states , but in emergencies , national leaders also form the Eurogroup . Since the financial crisis of 2007 -- 08 , the eurozone has established and used provisions for granting emergency loans to member states in return for the enactment of economic reforms . The eurozone has also enacted some limited fiscal integration , for example in peer review of each other 's national budgets . The issue is political and in a state of flux in terms of what further provisions will be agreed for eurozone change .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "601f43f8cce5ec99068a168fd498a8c6",
"text": "Law enforcement in Slovenia Law enforcement in Slovenia is governed by the Slovenian Ministry of Internal Affairs and is the responsibility of the Slovenian National Police force , which is composed of the 8 police directorates in Celje , Koper , Kranj , Ljubljana , Maribor , Murska Sobota , Nova Gorica , and Novo Mesto . The police force maintains a number of international partnerships with foreign police forces , including training with the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation , and involvement in Albania and Kosovo with the Multinational Advisory Police Element . The Slovenian police force was admitted to Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe on 24 March 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e51a1f318db26e0dde89efc084acb0a2",
"text": "Banknotes of the British Armed Forces The British Armed Forces issued their own banknotes between 1946 and 1972 . Since 2003 , they have issued their own small change tokens nicknamed pogs by the Squaddies , after the children 's game popular in the early 1990s . At the end of the war in Europe in 1945 , France , Britain , United States and Russia agreed at the Potsdam Conference to split Germany into four occupation zones . The British area was occupied by the 21st Army Group that was collectively known as the British Army of the Rhine ( BAOR ) . The Allies ' job was challenging . They had to disband and disarm the German fighting machine , reassemble the country 's basic infrastructure , and cope with population on the brink of starvation . To this end the BAOR operated as a country within a country , requiring a monetary system that functioned to serve the needs of the occupying forces . However , a problem soon emerged ; goods intended for the troops were being sold to a thriving black market among the local population at highly inflated prices . Millions of pounds sterling were being lost by the taxpayers of Britain . A series of stopgap measures slowed , but did not stop the problem . It was decided in March 1946 that special military voucher system was needed . Historically , soldiers serving overseas had been paid in local currency rather than in their `` home '' currency , most cash drawn by soldiers would go directly into the local economy , and in a damaged economy the effects of a hard currency such as the # circulating freely alongside weaker local currencies could be severely problematic , risking severe inflation . There were other problems as well ; once # were circulating in a combat region , the opposing side could freely use its own stocks of # as currency , or acquire stocks for use elsewhere to support their war effort . The high purchasing power of the # and its easy transference back to Britain also posed a significant incentive to the black marketers . However , whilst the use of local currencies was effective where they were provided in cooperation with the local authorities , it was impractical in combat zones where the government might be either hostile , deliberately ambivalent , or simply non-existent . In these cases , the military authorities issued special `` military currency '' , which was paid out to soldiers at a fixed rate of exchange and simply declared legal tender in occupied areas by local commanders . After a remarkably brief period of preparation , the first series of 52,400,000 British Armed Forces Special Vouchers ( BAFSV ) , valued at just over 10 million pounds sterling were printed by Thomas De La Rue and officially issued on August 1 , 1946 . In due course the ingenuity of the local population and the troops largely circumvented the intention of the first issue BAFSV 's to slow black market activities . By mid 1947 it was decided , under a cloak of secrecy , to prepare a new issue to replace the first , then immediately demonetize the first to limit the conversion of illicitly-gained first series vouchers . This scheme was carried out on January 6 , 1948 , when the second issue was released . The third series was printed in 1948 by J. Waddington Ltd , but were not issued until 1956 for use during the Suez Canal Crisis . This situation was quickly resolved over a two-month period and those notes withdrawn . The fourth issue was originally discussed in 1952 but were not ordered until the heating up of the cold war and the lack of a backup series prompted the British War Office in 1962 to design not only a fourth , but also a fifth series . A new printer , Bradbury Wilkinson , was chosen for the job of producing these next two series : The fourth series was printed , but never issued , and according to all records , the fifth series was never printed . The sixth series , together with the 1 and 5 pound notes of the second series , were used in Berlin up to December 31 , 1979 , when they were finally withdrawn . On February 14 , 1991 , The Ministry of Defence auctioned off their stock of 17 million uncirculated vouchers from the 2nd , 3rd , 4th and 6th series to a consortium of dealers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a869924a001d9bbcf18f80fd64a931",
"text": "Sostro Sostro ( -LSB- ˈsoːstɾɔ -RSB- ; Sostru ) is a formerly independent settlement in the eastern part of the capital Ljubljana in central Slovenia . It was part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region . In addition to the main settlement , Sostro includes the hamlet of Betežica , located to the northeast along Betežčica Creek , and the hamlet of Glastavci in the wooded hills above Betežica . Sostro is also the source of the name of the Sostro District ( Četrtna skupnost Sostro ) , the largest district of the capital .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "901eb81a84eea3b7e1811412219131c2",
"text": "National symbols of Slovenia The National symbols of Slovenia are the symbols used in Slovenia and abroad to represent the nation and its people .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac9ef789f48641cc8e81f2a1dd2c702c",
"text": "List of companies of Austria Austria is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.7 million people in Central Europe . It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north , Hungary and Slovakia to the east , Slovenia and Italy to the south , and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the west . The territory of Austria covers 83879 km2 . Austria is the 12th richest country in the world in terms of GDP ( Gross domestic product ) per capita , has a well-developed social market economy , and a high standard of living . Until the 1980s , many of Austria 's largest industry firms were nationalised ; in recent years , however , privatisation has reduced state holdings to a level comparable to other European economies . Labour movements are particularly strong in Austria and have large influence on labour politics . Next to a highly developed industry , international tourism is the most important part of the national economy . For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations , see `` Business entities in Austria '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "858cd250f987a57cf64fe8cb73ab77ef",
"text": "National Council (Slovenia) The National Council ( Državni svet ) is according to the Constitution of Slovenia the representative of social , economic , professional and local interest groups in Slovenia and has a legislative function working as a corrective mechanism of the National Assembly , although it does not itself pass acts . It may be regarded as the upper house , but the bicameralism is distinctively incomplete . The council has 40 members : 22 representatives of local interests , six representatives of non-commercial activities , four representatives of employers , four of employees and four representatives of farmers , crafts , trades and independent professionals . It is not elected directly by the population , but meant to represent different interest groups in the country . The councillors are elected for a five-year term . The current President of the National Council is Mitja Bervar from 12 December 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80616f437235104d0233dd49ef2154d5",
"text": "Community Exchange System The Community Exchange System ( CES ) is an Internet-based trading network which allows participants to buy and sell goods and services without using a national currency . While the relatively new system can be used as an alternative to traditional currencies such as the dollar or Euro or South African rand , the Community Exchange System is a complementary currency in the sense that it functions alongside established currencies . It is international in scope . It does not have printed money or coins but uses computer technology to serve as an `` online money and banking system '' or alternative exchange system and as a marketplace . It is an advance from an arrangement in which either one good or service is exchanged for another good or service , or commonly called barter , since it uses a digital unit of value . While there are reports that the system is growing , in 2011 the system handles only a tiny fraction of international world commercial activity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72e30e357319490841450fce362872d0",
"text": "1 euro coin The 1 euro coin is a euro coin with a value of one euro ( $ 1 ) . It is made of two alloys : the inner part of cupronickel , the outer part of nickel brass . All coins have a common reverse side and country-specific national sides . The coin has been used since 2002 , with the present common side design dating from 2007 . As of July 2015 , there were approximately 6.7 billion one euro coins in circulation , constituting 26.4 % of all circulated euro coins by value and 5.9 % by quantity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e5a41aedcc51c01449f6f34e1205cdd",
"text": "Rail transport in Slovakia Rail transport in Slovakia began on 21 September 1840 , with the opening of the first horse-powered line from Bratislava to Svätý Jur ( at that time in Kingdom of Hungary ) . The first steam-powered line , from Bratislava to Vienna , opened on 20 August 1848 . The modern Železnice Slovenskej republiky company was established in 1993 as a successor of the Československé státní drahy in Slovakia . Until 1996 it had formal monopoly on railroad transportation in the country , which remained a de facto monopoly until the advent of private operators entering the network in the early 2010s . Private passenger service operators include RegioJet , which operate trains between Prague ( Czech Republic ) and Košice , Žilina and Košice , Žilina and Bratislava and on the Komárno - Dunajská Streda - Bratislava route . There are plans to win more tenders in Slovakia . Since 2002 a law divided the company : ŽSR was left with infrastructure maintenance and passenger and cargo transport was moved into company '' Železničná spoločnosť , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) . In 2005 this new company was further split into '' Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko , a. s. '' ( ZSSK ) providing Passenger transport services and '' Železničná spoločnosť Cargo Slovakia , a. s. '' ( ZSSK Cargo ) providing cargo services . Freight transport is operated by ZSCS and around 30 private companies . Slovakia is a member of the International Union of Railways ( UIC ) . The UIC Country Code for Slovakia is 56 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcc3ddb3468cbfdd94c9e8cd861b0da4",
"text": "Stateless nation Stateless nation is a political term for ethnic/national minority that does not possess its own state and is not the majority population in any nation state . The term implies that the group `` should have '' such a state . Members of stateless ethnic groups may be citizens/nationals of the country in which they live , or they may be denied citizenship by that country . Stateless nations are usually not represented as a nation in international sports such as FIFA , Olympics or in international communities such as the United Nations . Nations without state are classified as fourth world nations . Some of the stateless nations have a great heritage and a long tradition of statehood in the past and some were always a stateless nation , which was dominated by another nation for a large part of its history . Stateless nations either are dispersed across a number of states ( for example , the Yoruba people are found in the African states of Nigeria , Benin and Togo ) or form the native population of a province within a larger state ( such as the Uyghur people in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region within the People 's Republic of China ) . Some stateless nations historically had a state , which was absorbed by another ; for example , Tibet 's declaration of independence in 1913 was not recognized , and it was invaded in 1951 by the People 's Republic of China which claims that Tibet is an integral part of China , while the Tibetan government-in-exile maintains that Tibet is an independent state under unlawful occupation . Some ethnic groups were once a stateless nation that later became a nation state ( for example , the nations of the Balkans such as the Croats , Serbs , Bosniaks , Slovenes , Montenegrins , Kosovars and Macedonians were once part of a multinational state of Yugoslavia . Since the breakup of Yugoslavia many nation states were formed ) . Stateless nations can have large population . For example , The Tamils are a stateless nation in South Asia with a population of more than 70 million . They form one of the largest ethnic groups in South India . Governments may respond differently on stateless nations in their states . For example , the suppression of the Tamil people in Sri Lanka led to one of the longest and most violent separatist conflict between 1983 and 2009 . However , a similar ethnic conflict was absent among Tamils in India during this period , because they were peacefully integrated into the federal structure of India . Multiple stateless nations can reside in the same region . For example , Catalans , Basques , Aragonese , Galicians , Asturians , Valencians , Andalusians in Iberian Peninsula or the Brahui , Santhals and Balochs in South Asia . The Romani people are another stateless people . They may be a special case being distributed among numerous countries with no clear homeland ; as a traditionally `` nomadic '' people , the Romani/Roma are a classical `` stateless nation '' without aspiration to sovereign territory . As not all states are nation states , there are a number of ethnic groups who live in a multinational state without being considered `` stateless nations '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "030e0c96165d2758d6a0c8832966a74e",
"text": "Athletic Federation of Slovenia The Athletic Federation of Slovenia ( Slovenian Atletska zveza Slovenije ) is the governing body for the sport of athletics in Slovenia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4f02f67723fc27d880e5355a780feed",
"text": "List of companies of Slovakia Slovakia is a landlocked country in Central Europe . The capital and largest city is Bratislava . The official language is Slovak . Slovakia is a high-income advanced economy with a very high Human Development Index , a very high standard of living and performs favourably in measurements of civil liberties , press freedom , internet freedom , democratic governance and peacefulness . The country maintains a combination of market economy with universal health care and a comprehensive social security system . The country joined the European Union in 2004 and the Eurozone on 1 January 2009 . Slovakia is also a member of the Schengen Area , NATO , the United Nations , the OECD , the WTO , CERN , the OSCE , the Council of Europe and the Visegrád Group . The Slovak economy is one of the fastest growing economies in Europe and 3rd fastest in eurozone . Its legal tender , the Euro , is the world 's 2nd most traded currency . Although regional income inequality is high , 90 % of citizens own their homes . In 2016 , Slovak citizens had visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to 165 countries and territories , ranking the Slovak passport 11th in the world . Slovakia is the world 's biggest per-capita car producer with a total of 1,040,000 cars manufactured in the country in 2016 alone . The car industry represents 43 percent of Slovakia 's industrial output , and a quarter of its exports . For further information on the types of business entities in this country and their abbreviations , see `` Business entities in Slovakia '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6acf4a97e51facb7375d6371d29712ed",
"text": "Withdrawal from the Eurozone Withdrawal from the Eurozone denotes the process whereby a Eurozone member-state , whether voluntarily or forcibly , stops using the Euro as its national currency and leaves the Eurozone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c8dcd0713ac34a3b8c59d7a8ef87ba5",
"text": "European Capital of Culture The European Capital of Culture is a city designated by the European Union for a period of one calendar year during which it organises a series of cultural events with a strong European dimension . Preparing a European Capital of Culture can be an opportunity for the city to generate considerable cultural , social and economic benefits and it can help foster urban regeneration , change the city 's image and raise its visibility and profile on an international scale . In 1985 , former actress Melina Mercouri , then Greece 's minister of culture , and her French counterpart Jack Lang came up with the idea of designating an annual Capital of Culture to bring Europeans closer together by highlighting the richness and diversity of European cultures and raising awareness of their common history and values . The Commission of the European Union manages the title and each year the Council of Ministers of the European Union formally designates European Capitals of Culture : more than 40 cities have been designated so far . An international panel of cultural experts is in charge of assessing the proposals of cities for the title according to criteria specified by the European Union . A 2004 study conducted for the European Commission , known as the `` Palmer report '' , demonstrated that the choice of European Capital of Culture served as a catalyst for the cultural development and the transformation of the city . Consequently , the beneficial socio-economic development and impact for the chosen city are now also considered in determining the chosen cities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c192f91657716ae0e02edf4554823055",
"text": "Euro sign The euro sign is the currency sign used for the euro , the official currency of the Eurozone in the European Union ( EU ) . The design was presented to the public by the European Commission on 12 December 1996 . The international three-letter code ( according to ISO standard ISO 4217 ) for the euro is EUR . In Unicode it is encoded at . In English , the sign precedes the value ( for instance , $ 10 , not 10 $ ) . In some styleguides , but not others , the euro sign is unspaced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09c098e0b6a6d34bec9b606d9ba4f3d8",
"text": "Montenegro and the euro Montenegro has no currency of its own . From 1996 the Deutsche Mark was the de facto currency in all private and banking transactions and it was formally adopted as Montenegro 's currency in November 1999 . The mark was replaced by the euro in 2002 without any objections from the European Central Bank ( ECB ) . The European Commission and the ECB have since voiced their discontent over Montenegro 's unilateral use of the euro on several occasions , with Amelia Torres , a spokesperson for the European Commission , saying `` The conditions for the adoption of the euro are clear . That means , first and foremost , to be a member of the EU . '' A statement attached to their Stabilisation and Association Agreement with the EU read : `` unilateral introduction of the euro was not compatible with the Treaty . '' The EU insists on the strict adherence to convergence criteria ( such as spending at least 2 years in the ERMII system ) which are not negotiable before euro adoption , but have not intervened to stop the unilateral use of the euro by Montenegro . The EU has raised concerns of Montenegro 's state debt , which had risen to 57 percent of GDP by 2011 . Officials from the Central Bank of Montenegro have indicated on several occasions that the European institutions do expect them to strictly follow ERM rules , particularly because of their EU accession process . Nikola Fabris , chief economist of the Central Bank of Montenegro , has said that the situation was different when they adopted the euro , and that other states which were considering unilaterally adopting the euro , such as Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina , would face sanctions from the EU and have their accession process suspended if they went ahead . On 17 December 2010 Montenegro was granted candidate status to join the European Union . The issue is expected to be resolved through the negotiations process . The ECB has stated that the implications of unilateral euro adoption `` would be spelled out at the latest in the event of possible negotiations on EU accession . '' Diplomats have suggested that it is unlikely Montenegro will be forced to withdraw the euro from circulation in their country . Radoje Žugić , Montenegro 's Minister of Finance , has stated that `` it would be extremely economically irrational to return to our own currency and then later to again go back to the euro . '' Instead , he hopes that Montenegro will be permitted to keep the euro and has promised `` the government of Montenegro will adopt some certain elements which should fulfil the conditions for further use of the euro , such as adopting fiscal rules . '' Unlike official members of the eurozone , Montenegro does not mint coins and therefore has no distinctive national design .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6e3d159cde1815864c19b6fdd4b5c6f",
"text": "Cannabis in Slovenia Cannabis in Slovenia is illegal but decriminalized . While medical marijuana is not allowed , the use of certain cannabinoid drugs is permitted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83d86e67d26532f79bfb558a5e49d2e1",
"text": "Slovak Brotherhood The Slovak Brotherhood or Slovenská pospolitosť is a civil society group in Slovakia . ` Slovenská ' means `` Slovak '' ; ` pospolitosť ' is a rather archaic word meaning `` solidarity '' or `` community '' or `` togetherness '' . The group has been characterised as `` extremist . '' Slovenská pospolitosť was formed in 1996 to bring together sections of the local far right population and place them under the leadership of more astute ideologues . The group has links to the International Third Position and has posted details of its activities on their websites . The movement has come under increasing pressure from the government of Slovakia in 2005 , to the extent where the leading member Ján Kopunek has claimed that the Slovak police have been ordered to crush the group entirely . Since then , Marian Kotleba has been charged with hate crimes in absentia . Later , Kotleba was charged for finishing one of his speeches with `` Na stráž ! '' the phrase used in the fascist Hlinka Guard . After that the charges were dropped as it `` could n't be proven that the phrase itself constitutes the promotion of fascism '' . However the American embassy in Bratislava characterised the groups activities as `` commemorating the wartime fascist state and to spread messages of intolerance against ethnic and religious minorities . '' In 2006 , Kotleba tried to transform the group into a political party ( Slovak Togetherness - National Party ) . The party was dissolved by the Supreme Court because of its non-compliance with the Constitution ( restriction of universal suffrage , replacement of the party system by the state of estates ) as the first and yet only dissolved political party in the modern history of Slovakia . The group then continued to exist as a civil society . Also in this form it was temporarily banned by the Interior Ministry for `` activities that incite hatred and national , racial , religious as well as political intolerance '' , but the Slovak Supreme Court reinstated the group , claiming that `` the legal conditions for disbanding Slovenská Pospolitosť had not been met . '' The group resumes operation unhindered . In August 2009 the group led a march in protest at the local Roma community during which members threw rocks and bottles at police , resulting in over 30 arrests and seven injuries . They have been associated with the European National Front and support their ideas of European nationalist unity . They hosted a meeting for some affiliated groups in 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd125914863a1be91906862431b3faec",
"text": "Macedonia naming dispute The Macedonia naming dispute is a political dispute regarding the use of the name Macedonia between the southeastern European countries of Greece and the Republic of Macedonia , formerly a federal unit of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . Pertinent to its background is an early 20th century multifaceted dispute and armed conflict that formed part of the background to the Balkan Wars . The specific naming dispute , although an existing issue in Yugoslav -- Greek relations since World War II , was reignited after the breakup of Yugoslavia and the newly gained independence of the former Socialist Republic of Macedonia in 1991 . Since then , it has been an ongoing issue in bilateral and international relations . Citing historical and territorial concerns resulting from the ambiguity between the Republic of Macedonia , the adjacent Greek region of Macedonia and the ancient Greek kingdom of Macedon which falls mostly within Greek Macedonia , Greece opposes the use of the name `` Macedonia '' by the Republic of Macedonia without a geographical qualifier such as `` Northern Macedonia '' for use by all and for all purposes . As millions of ethnic Greeks identify themselves as Macedonians , unrelated to the Slavic people who are associated with the Republic of Macedonia , Greece further objects to the use of the term `` Macedonian '' for the neighboring country 's largest ethnic group and its language . The Republic of Macedonia is accused of appropriating symbols and figures that are historically considered part of Greek culture such as the Vergina Sun and Alexander the Great , and of promoting the irredentist concept of a United Macedonia , which involves territorial claims on Greece , Bulgaria , Albania , and Serbia . The dispute has escalated to the highest level of international mediation , involving numerous attempts to achieve a resolution . In 1995 , the two countries formalised bilateral relations and committed to start negotiations on the naming issue , under the auspices of the United Nations . Until a solution is found , the provisional reference `` the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia '' ( sometimes unofficially abbreviated as FYROM ) is used by international organisations and states which do not recognise translations of the constitutional name Republic of Macedonia ( Република Македонија , Republika Makedonija ) . UN members , and the UN as a whole , have agreed to accept any final agreement on a new name resulting from negotiations between the two countries . The parties are represented by Ambassadors Vasko Naumovski and Adamantios Vassilakis , under the mediation of Matthew Nimetz .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
ac1b08fa879999e0f20b256440741fd5 | Jamie Foxx is a performer. | [
{
"docid": "38a0e8664e9ecf4d33b0123964bd98c4",
"text": "Django Unchained Django Unchained is a 2012 American revisionist Western film written and directed by Quentin Tarantino , starring Jamie Foxx , Christoph Waltz , Leonardo DiCaprio , Kerry Washington , and Samuel L. Jackson , with Walton Goggins , Dennis Christopher , James Remar , Michael Parks , and Don Johnson in supporting roles . Set in the Old West and Antebellum South , it is a highly stylized tribute to Spaghetti Westerns , in particular the 1966 Italian film Django by Sergio Corbucci , whose star Franco Nero has a cameo appearance . Development of Django Unchained began in 2007 when Tarantino was writing a book on Sergio Corbucci . By April 2011 , Tarantino sent his final draft of the script to The Weinstein Company . Casting began in the summer of 2011 , with Michael K. Williams and Will Smith being considered for the role of the title character before Foxx was cast . Principal photography took place from November 2011 to March 2012 in California , Wyoming and Louisiana . Django Unchained premiered at the Ziegfeld Theatre in New York City on December 11 , 2012 , and was released on December 25 , 2012 in the United States . The film was nominated for several film industry awards , including five Academy Awards . Waltz won several awards for his performance , among them Best Supporting Actor at the Golden Globes , BAFTAs , and Academy Awards . Tarantino won an Academy Award , a Golden Globe , and a BAFTA award for writing the film 's original screenplay . The film grossed over $ 425 million worldwide in theaters against its $ 100 million budget , making it Tarantino 's highest-grossing theatrical release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39a0588d5b885fd6c46383238e20b416",
"text": "Ricardo Tubbs Detective Ricardo `` Rico '' Tubbs is a fictional character from the Miami Vice television series and film of the same name . He is portrayed in all his appearances in the television series by Philip Michael Thomas , and in the film by Jamie Foxx . Tubbs is an undercover detective for the Metro-Dade Police Department 's Organized Crime Bureau , having relocated to Miami from New York City in order to track down his brother 's murderer . For the duration of the series , Tubbs is partnered with fellow undercover detective James `` Sonny '' Crockett , portrayed by Don Johnson ; in the film , he is again partnered with Colin Farrell 's Crockett . The character made his first appearance in `` Brother 's Keeper '' , the pilot episode of the series , broadcast on 16 September 1984 ; and went on to appear in all but one of the series ' 111 episodes . Thomas ' portrayal of the role was well received by fans and critics , and earned the actor a People 's Choice Award and a Golden Globe Award nomination . The character would go on to become a fashion icon , and helped to set a trend for Miami Vice-related clothing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09e9c2f75e9b614763f622d34b01c385",
"text": "Jamie Foxx Eric Marlon Bishop ( born December 13 , 1967 ) , known professionally by his stage name Jamie Foxx , is an American actor , singer , songwriter , record producer and comedian . He won an Academy Award for Best Actor , BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role , and Golden Globe Award for Best Actor in a Musical or Comedy , for his portrayal of Ray Charles in the 2004 biographical film Ray . The same year , he was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the crime film Collateral . Other prominent acting roles include Staff Sergeant Sykes in Jarhead ( 2005 ) , Detective Ricardo Tubbs in the 2006 film adaptation of TV series Miami Vice , the title role in the film Django Unchained ( 2012 ) , and the supervillain Electro in The Amazing Spider-Man 2 ( 2014 ) . Foxx also starred in the 1990-1994 sketch comedy show In Living Color and his own television show from 1996 to 2001 , the sitcom The Jamie Foxx Show , in which he played Jamie King , Jr. . Foxx also starred in the 2014 film Annie , in which he played Will Stacks . Foxx is also a Grammy Award-winning musician , producing four albums which have charted in the top ten of the US Billboard 200 : Unpredictable ( 2005 ) , which topped the chart , Intuition ( 2008 ) , Best Night of My Life ( 2010 ) , and Hollywood : A Story of a Dozen Roses ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ade984419164d7029ad184364ddfcc0c",
"text": "Electro (Marvel Comics) Electro is the name of two fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Maxwell `` Max '' Dillon , the first Electro , is an enemy of Spider-Man who gained the ability to control electricity after being struck by lightning while working on a power line . Electro has since become one of Spider-Man 's most enduring foes , becoming part of the collective rogue team known as the Sinister Six . The second Electro is Francine Frye . In 2009 , he was ranked as IGN 's 87th Greatest Comic Book Villain of All Time . The character has been depicted in numerous Spider-Man cartoons and video games and made his cinematic debut in 2014 's The Amazing Spider-Man 2 , portrayed by actor Jamie Foxx .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "049a8a4675cbf07e952a1b7a6f125767",
"text": "Huckleberry Fox George Fox , better known as Huckleberry Fox ( 1974 ) , is an American actor who performed in Terms of Endearment ( 1983 ) . and the Disney film The Blue Yonder ( 1985 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5430d4dd4d212d7960f701d52e6582aa",
"text": "Jamie Quinn (actor) Jamie Quinn is a Scottish actor and musician . He is best known for playing the roles of Fergie in Still Game , Private Kevin `` Mac '' McDowell in Bluestone 42 and Ian Baird in Two Doors Down .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adfb781e1d7bf0df497312d2d55fb56e",
"text": "A Star Is Burns `` A Star Is Burns '' is the eighteenth episode of The Simpsons ' sixth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on March 5 , 1995 . In the episode , Springfield decides to hold a film festival , and famed critic Jay Sherman is invited to be a judge . The story involves a crossover with the short-lived animated series The Critic . Jay Sherman was the main character on the show . The Critic was created by Al Jean and Mike Reiss , who had previously written for The Simpsons but left following the fourth season , and produced by James L. Brooks , who was also a producer for The Simpsons . The show had premiered on the American Broadcasting Company ( ABC ) network in January 1994 but was canceled despite positive critical reception . The series was switched over to Fox , and put in the timeslot directly after The Simpsons . Brooks pitched a crossover episode as a way to promote The Critic and decided that a film festival would be a good way to introduce Sherman . Matt Groening , creator of The Simpsons , reacted negatively when he heard about this episode , feeling that it was just an advertisement for The Critic , and that people would incorrectly associate the show with him . When he was unsuccessful in getting the program pulled , he had his name removed from the credits and went public with his concerns , openly criticizing James L. Brooks . The episode was directed by Susie Dietter and was the first episode to be written by Ken Keeler . Jon Lovitz , the star of The Critic , guest stars as Jay Sherman , while Maurice LaMarche ( who was also a regular on The Critic ) has a few minor roles . The episode received mixed reviews from critics , many of whom felt the crossover was out of place on the show , although Barney 's film festival entry was well received .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70aa75175c5789c65fac12a583bda0b4",
"text": "Neo-Burlesque Neo-Burlesque , or New Burlesque , is the revival and updating of the traditional American burlesque performance . Though based on the traditional Burlesque art , the new form encompasses a wider range of performance styles ; neo-burlesque acts can range from anything from classic striptease to modern dance to theatrical mini-dramas to comedic mayhem .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "beb6bc316903f7a4559c72c88f95df7b",
"text": "Spencer Fox Spencer Fox ( born May 10 , 1993 ) is an American actor , voice actor , musician and comedian . He is best known for his role as Dash Parr in the 2004 film The Incredibles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59b206e62cb9190027f5135056804454",
"text": "Professional performances Professional performances , as opposed to amateur performances , are those in which performers receive payment for their performances . Professional performances are engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional actor is someone who derives income by participating in professional performances . A professional theatre company auditions actors to perform in their professional theatre . The company sells tickets ; actors receive payment for their performances . This is the same for musicians , dancers , comedians . Also see : professional sports . A professional performer is a person in a profession that requires certain types of skilled work requiring formal training or education . In western nations , such as the United States , the term commonly describes highly educated , salaried workers , who enjoy considerable work autonomy , economic security , a comfortable salary , and are commonly engaged in creative and intellectually challenging work . A professional athlete is someone who derives income by participating in competitive sports . Sometimes also called `` commercial grade '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe59da547a1cb19b6744e3223ff0558b",
"text": "Black Fox Black Fox may refer to : Black fox , a fox that has a black coat Black Fox Nuclear Power Plant , a nuclear power plant proposed by the Public Service Company of Oklahoma in 1973 Black Fox ( Cherokee chief ) , the leading chief of the Cherokee from 1801 to his death in 1811 Black Fox ( comics ) , the code name of two unrelated fictional characters in Marvel Comics Black Fox : The Rise and Fall of Adolf Hitler , a 1962 documentary film The Black Fox , a fictional Robin Hood-esque character from the movie The Court Jester , played by Edward Ashley Black Fox ( miniseries ) , a 1995 mini-series , with Tony Todd and Christopher Reeve Member of the weasel family : Fisher ( animal )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fea3ade225e0bc2466e750e324935af7",
"text": "Johnny Brown (actor) John `` Johnny '' Brown ( born June 11 , 1937 ) is an American actor and singer . Brown is a nightclub and stage performer as well as a comic actor , and a regular cast member of the television series Laugh-in . Brown is mostly remembered for his chubby physique , wide ingratiating smile , mobile facial expressions , and easy pleasant joking style . Brown is most famous , however , for his role as building superintendent Nathan Bookman on the 1970s CBS sitcom , Good Times . Bookman was often the brunt of fat jokes via the show 's main character J. J. Evans ( Jimmie Walker ) . Brown portrayed Bookman until the series was cancelled in 1979 . Other television shows Brown has appeared on include Flip Wilson Show , The Jeffersons , Family Matters , The Jamie Foxx Show and Martin . Brown also used to go to school with Walter Dean Myers when he lived in Harlem as a boy . Brown is also the father of actress Sharon Brown , who was born in 1962 , and also the father of John Brown Jr. or J.J Brown Jr. . Brown had earlier established himself in the Broadway musical Golden Boy , starring Sammy Davis , Jr. ; his supporting role was in the part of Ronnie and was featured as the lead voice on the show stopping rouser , `` Do n't Forget 127th Street '' . In the early 1970s , Brown starred in a television commercial for the Write Brothers pen , a short-lived product of the Papermate pen company . The commercial consisted of an elaborate musical number , `` Write On , Brothers , Write On '' , led by Brown as a schoolteacher who encourages his chorus line of students to use this pen for their school assignments . In 1997 , Brown contributed his voice to the introduction of the compilation album Comedy Stew : The Best of Redd Foxx . In the introduction , Brown tells of how Norman Lear had considered Brown to play the role of Lamont in Sanford And Son , but was unavailable to do so because of his prior commitment to Laugh-In , leading Lear to give the role to Demond Wilson instead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "347f54bcf89c22b8a0bd3172006dcdcc",
"text": "The Jamie Kennedy Experiment The Jamie Kennedy Experiment is a half-hour-long American hidden camera/practical joke reality television series that debuted in 2002 and was broadcast on The WB . The host and star of the show is Jamie Kennedy , a comedian who presented a reality TV format which combined hidden camera with sketch comedy . The show was a production of Bahr-Small Productions in association with Warner Bros. . Television and Big Ticket Television and ran from January 13 , 2002 until April 29 , 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75e39108257f83c4f2879421e675d653",
"text": "Fox Sports Digital Media Fox Sports Digital Media , formerly known as News Corp. . Digital Media and Fox Interactive Media , is a subsidiary of Fox Entertainment Group which operates Fox Sports ' online properties in the United States . When known as Fox Interactive Media , it was formed to oversee News Corporation 's new media acquisitions , including IGN , Myspace and Photobucket . However , the group would later divest most of its properties ; in 2006 , Demand Media , a company run by Richard Rosenblatt , former CEO of Intermix Media and chairman of Myspace , purchased back all of the non-MySpace assets Intermix had sold to News Corporation . In December 2009 , Fox sold Photobucket to the startup digital photography company Ontela . In October 2010 , the Fox Audience Network was sold to ad technology firm Rubicon Project . Fox Interactive Media also operated the websites of Fox 's television stations . As part of a joint venture with LIN Media in 2008 , Fox Interactive Media also began offering the Digital Publishing Platform ( DPP ) , an enterprise content management system and hosting platform primarily intended for local station websites . The DPP products were later spun off as the independent company EndPlay , which Fox and LIN still hold equity interests in . Fox would begin outsourcing their television station websites to competing provider Worldnow in 2012 . In June 2011 , Specific Media and pop singer Justin Timberlake bought Myspace for $ 35 million , which CNN reported noted was `` far less than the $ 580 million News Corp. paid for Myspace in 2005 . '' Murdoch went on to call the Myspace purchase a `` huge mistake '' . In February 2013 , IGN Entertainment was sold to Ziff Davis Media . As its only remaining properties relate to Fox Sports , the company was renamed Fox Sports Digital Media in mid-2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c900da8740d02622e7a98b5064a9f1ed",
"text": "TV and FM DX TV DX and FM DX is the active search for distant radio or television stations received during unusual atmospheric conditions . The term DX is an old telegraphic term meaning `` long distance . '' VHF/UHF television and radio signals are normally limited to a maximum `` deep fringe '' reception service area of approximately 40 - in areas where the broadcast spectrum is congested , and about 50 percent farther in the absence of interference . However , providing favourable atmospheric conditions are present , television and radio signals sometimes can be received hundreds or even thousands of miles outside their intended coverage area . These signals are often received using a large outdoor antenna system connected to a sensitive TV or FM receiver , although this may not always be the case . Many times smaller antennas and receivers such as those in vehicles will receive stations farther than normal depending on how favourable conditions are . While only a limited number of local stations can normally be received at satisfactory signal strengths in any given area , tuning into other channels may reveal weaker signals from adjacent areas . More consistently strong signals , especially those accentuated by unusual atmospheric conditions , can be achieved by improving the antenna system . The development of interest in TV-FM DX as a hobby can arise after more distant signals are either intentionally or accidentally discovered , leading to a serious interest in improving the listener 's antenna and receiving installation for the purpose of actively seeking long-range television and radio reception . The TV-FM DX hobby is somewhat similar to other radio/electronic related hobbies such as amateur radio , Medium Wave DX , or short-wave radio , and organisations such as the Worldwide TV-FM DX Association have developed to coordinate and foster the further study and enjoyment of VHF/UHF television and FM broadcast DX .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0de5b2c247298f2b9a3db38a880edac",
"text": "Jamie Grace Jamie Grace Harper ( born November 25 , 1991 ) is an American contemporary Christian musician , singer , rapper , and songwriter from Atlanta , Georgia . In 2010 , TobyMac found her songs on YouTube and signed her to his label Gotee Records for two albums . She released the song `` Hold Me '' in 2011 which landed her a nomination at the 2012 Grammys and won the 2012 Dove Award for New Artist of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c440301636c45301777e605c2bcc9285",
"text": "Blowin' Up Blowin ' Up is a comedic reality show on MTV . The show stars Jamie Kennedy , an actor who follows his dream of becoming a successful rapper . The show was written by Kennedy after the success of the movie Malibu 's Most Wanted , which he starred in . Along for the ride is his close friend Stu Stone , who keeps Jamie in check to stick to their rap career . Throughout the show there are various celebrity appearances . From the beginning , Jamie expresses his dislike for fellow actor Jason Biggs ( notable is the fact Biggs and Kennedy both appeared in Kevin Smith 's 2001 film Jay and Silent Bob Strike Back ) . Jamie and Stu also encounter many different rappers during the season , including Mike Jones , Ice-T , and a performance with the Three 6 Mafia . Jamie and Stu also try to recruit special guests on their album , getting Bob Saget formerly of the TV show Full House . The song was titled `` Rollin ' with Saget . '' Robin Sloan Bechtel , an executive at Warner Bros. . Records discovered Jamie Kennedy and Stu Stone 's music on MySpace before the MTV show was greenlit . When she met with Kennedy and Stone , they all discussed pitching a show that would tell the story of their rap ventures . After MTV greenlit the show , Bechtel signed the duo and starred in their show . An album featuring the tracks recorded during the filming of Blowin ' Up , sharing a title of the same name , was released on July 11 , 2006 . Some of the songs include `` Circle Circle Dot Dot , '' `` Rollin ' With Saget , '' `` 1984 , '' and `` Crooked Stick . '' In the early popularity of YouTube , a fan created a lego inspired video for Circle Circle Dot Dot that hit the homepage of YouTube and Perezhilton.com which catapulted the video to # 1 status on YouTube . Circle Circle Dot Dot then became an internet phenomenon and was a # 1 ringtone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a33b116b99badaad45abaf51e4ff082e",
"text": "Lydia Fox (actress) Lydia Fox ( born 1979 ) is an English film , television , and stage actress and producer . She is also known by her married name , Lydia Ayoade .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f530e6dbe833da2e97ca2db66db213d",
"text": "Tourettes Without Regrets Tourettes Without Regrets is an underground performance art show in Oakland , CA . Founded in 1999 , Tourettes Without Regrets is hosted by comedian/filmmaker Jamie DeWolf and occurs every first Thursday of the month at the Oakland Metro Opera House . Part poetry slam , part circus and part rap battle , the event incorporates audience participation and an open mic , billing itself as `` the Fight Club of underground art . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea5ff268e958577953e358be8bb557ce",
"text": "Foxes in popular culture The fox appears in the folklore of many cultures as a figure of cunning or trickery , or as a familiar animal possessed of magic powers . The fox is also sometimes associated with transformation . In Europe , in the Middle Ages and Renaissance , foxes , which were associated with wiliness and fraudulent behavior , were sometimes burned as symbols of the Devil . The term `` foxy '' in English ( `` having the qualities of a fox '' ) can also connote attractiveness , sexiness or being red-haired . The term to `` outfox '' means `` to beat in a competition of wits '' , the synonym with `` outguess '' , `` outsmart '' or `` outwit '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8744239062a9f96d182dc1e9d1ff5137",
"text": "Entertainment Entertainment is a form of activity that holds the attention and interest of an audience , or gives pleasure and delight . It can be an idea or a task , but is more likely to be one of the activities or events that have developed over thousands of years specifically for the purpose of keeping an audience 's attention . Although people 's attention is held by different things , because individuals have different preferences in entertainment , most forms are recognisable and familiar . Storytelling , music , drama , dance , and different kinds of performance exist in all cultures , were supported in royal courts , developed into sophisticated forms and over time became available to all citizens . The process has been accelerated in modern times by an entertainment industry that records and sells entertainment products . Entertainment evolves and can be adapted to suit any scale , ranging from an individual who chooses a private entertainment from a now enormous array of pre-recorded products ; to a banquet adapted for two ; to any size or type of party , with appropriate music and dance ; to performances intended for thousands ; and even for a global audience . The experience of being entertained has come to be strongly associated with amusement , so that one common understanding of the idea is fun and laughter , although many entertainments have a serious purpose . This may be the case in the various forms of ceremony , celebration , religious festival , or satire for example . Hence , there is the possibility that what appears as entertainment may also be a means of achieving insight or intellectual growth . An important aspect of entertainment is the audience , which turns a private recreation or leisure activity into entertainment . The audience may have a passive role , as in the case of persons watching a play , opera , television show , or film ; or the audience role may be active , as in the case of games , where the participant/audience roles may be routinely reversed . Entertainment can be public or private , involving formal , scripted performance , as in the case of theatre or concerts ; or unscripted and spontaneous , as in the case of children 's games . Most forms of entertainment have persisted over many centuries , evolving due to changes in culture , technology , and fashion . Films and video games , for example , although they use newer media , continue to tell stories , present drama , and play music . Festivals devoted to music , film , or dance allow audiences to be entertained over a number of consecutive days . Some activities that were once considered entertaining , particularly public punishments , have been removed from the public arena . Others , such as fencing or archery , once necessary skills for some , have become serious sports and even professions for the participants , at the same time developing into entertainment with wider appeal for bigger audiences . In the same way , other necessary skills , such as cooking , have developed into performances among professionals , staged as global competitions and then broadcast for entertainment . What entertainment is for one group or individual may be regarded as work by another . The familiar forms of entertainment have the capacity to cross over different media and have demonstrated a seemingly unlimited potential for creative remix . This has ensured the continuity and longevity of many themes , images , and structures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0672aabf173434e3ff6ab1b940120a48",
"text": "In the Flow with Affion Crockett In the Flow with Affion Crockett was a sketch comedy television series starring Affion Crockett and produced by Jamie Foxx , MADtv co-creators Fax Bahr and Adam Small , Arrested Development creator Mitch Hurwitz and Two and a Half Men 's Eric and Kim Tannenbaum . Taped in the middle of 2010 , it was picked up as a mid-season replacement by Fox in September 2010 , under the name `` Untitled Jamie Foxx Project '' . A premiere was announced for June 9 , 2011 , and then moved to August . It debuted in an hour-long premiere on August 14 , 2011 , with four half-hour episodes to air on following weeks . The show was cancelled due to low ratings after airing six episodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed922404e3d47ceef623cfebd7faf9cb",
"text": "60x60 60x60 is a collection of 60 electroacoustic or acousmatic works from 60 different composers/artists , each work 60 seconds or less in duration . 60x60 project showcases sixty new works , each sixty seconds or less , by sixty composers in a continuous sixty-minute concert , for a one-hour cross-section of contemporary music . The 60x60 project was conceived and developed by the new music consortium , Vox Novus and its founder , Robert Voisey . 60x60 was designed to showcase the diversity of the contemporary music and has succeeded in presenting thousands of composers in hundreds of performances around the world since 2003 . The 60x60 project puts out a call for submissions for recorded media 60 seconds or less in length ( also known as signature works . ) 60 one-minute works are selected from the submissions . The 60 works are then ordered to create a one-hour music mix . The 60x60 mix is then synchronized with and analogue clock where the beginning of each new minute brings the beginning of a new musical work by a different artist . the 60x60 mix is then presented in several venues throughout the world . Later in the performance season , 60x60 collaborates with artists of different disciplines to create multimedia performances with dance , video , and/or fine arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602",
"text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
127ebffe6d98d39d24b40928b5cf8e8c | Poppy (singer) is a singer. | [
{
"docid": "02a4b3aa7683ea7d084526a2e9caa22d",
"text": "Poppy (singer) Poppy , also known as That Poppy , is an American singer , songwriter , and YouTube personality . Raised in Nashville , Tennessee , she moved to Los Angeles in 2014 to pursue a musical career , where she signed with Island Records and released her debut EP , Bubblebath ( 2016 ) . In late 2016 , she became the face of Sanrio 's `` Hello Sanrio '' collection .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "91e4cc477b24c8dd24ce1e298777a703",
"text": "Riptide (album) Riptide is the eighth solo studio album by the British singer Robert Palmer . It was originally released in November 1985 . The album was recorded over a period of three months in 1985 , at Compass Point Studios in Nassau , Bahamas . The album charted at number 8 in the US and No. 5 in the UK . It was certified double platinum in the US by the RIAA in March 1996 and certified gold in the UK by BPI in August 1986 . It featured the songs `` Addicted to Love '' , `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , `` Discipline of Love '' , and `` Riptide '' which were all released as singles . The single `` Addicted to Love '' was accompanied by a memorable and much-imitated music video , directed by Terence Donovan , in which Palmer is surrounded by a bevy of near-identically clad , heavily made-up ( and appropriately pouty ) female `` musicians , '' either mimicking or mocking the painting style of Patrick Nagel . In September 1986 , Palmer performed `` Addicted to Love '' at the 1986 MTV Video Music Awards in Los Angeles . In 1987 , he won the Grammy Award for Best Male Rock Vocal Performance for `` Addicted to Love '' . At the 1987 Brit Awards , Palmer received his first nomination for Best British Male . Another single from Riptide , his cover of Cherrelle 's `` I Did n't Mean to Turn You On '' , also performed well ( US # 2 , UK # 9 ) . Another song , `` Trick Bag , '' was written by one of his major influences , New Orleans jazz artist Earl King . For the album , Palmer collaborated with two former members from The Power Station , guitarist Andy Taylor and drummer Tony Thompson . The Power Station 's producer Bernard Edwards also played bass and produced the album . The album also features contributions from American Singer-songwriter Chaka Khan , Level 42 's keyboardist Wally Badarou , and session musicians Guy Pratt , Jeff Bova , Eddie Martinez , and Jack Waldman ( who died a year after the album 's release ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6997f8db3d9fa71cebfa626082d4f4d",
"text": "Poppycock Poppycock is a brand of candied popcorn . Though it is marketed in a variety of combinations , the original mixture consists of clusters of popcorn , almonds , and pecans covered in a candy glaze . Other specialty combinations include mixtures with emphasis on cashews , chocolate , and pecans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3289626f6b227cd6f54e141f58132430",
"text": "Chillwave Chillwave ( originally called `` glo-fi '' or `` hypnagogic pop '' ; also `` dream-beat '' ) is a style of music characterized by a faded or dreamy retro pop sound , mellow vocals , a low-to-moderate tempo , escapist lyrics about the beach or summertime , psychedelic or lo-fi textures , effects processing ( reverb especially ) , vintage synthesizers , and other attempts to loosely emulate 1980s electronic pop aesthetics as well as engage with notions of memory and nostalgia . Sometimes regarded as a `` made-up '' genre , the movement 's vanguard was represented by Neon Indian , Washed Out , and Toro y Moi , who gained critical attention through what was termed the 2009 `` Summer of Chillwave '' . Coinciding with the economic turmoil of the late 2000s and early 2010s recession , chillwave was one of the first music genres to develop by being linked and defined through various outlets on the Internet rather than geographic location . The style draws from elements in dream pop and shoegaze , as well as the work of artists such as Panda Bear , Animal Collective , and lo-fi musician Ariel Pink . The term `` hypnagogic pop '' was coined at virtually the same time as `` chillwave '' to describe similar artists . Other elements related to drug-induced mind states and idyllic summer fantasies were drawn from the Beach Boys ' Brian Wilson . Washed Out 's 2009 track `` Feel It All Around '' remains the genre 's definitive and best-known song . The term `` chillwave '' , which originated from the satirical blog Hipster Runoff in 2009 , was ultimately criticized for being nebulous and contrived . Some artists rejected the tag , while hundreds of others exploited the style 's low-budget simplicity , one of the major reasons for its decline . Media coverage usually derided the genre 's name , its reliance on nostalgia , and the ubiquitous mention of `` the summer '' in its writings . After chillwave was the subject of much discourse on websites like Gorilla vs. Bear and Pitchfork , the movement dissipated , and the style effectively fell out of vogue . The Internet-based microgenre vaporwave would be inspired by chillwave .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75e424227033c518f871e5cd3ce8e726",
"text": "MeeK MeeK ( birth name Stephane-Franck Pascal ; born 16 February 1971 in Montmorency , near Paris , France ) , is a Franco-British artist , singer , recording artist , musician , Alternative pop songwriter and producer . His stage name ( always spelled with a capital `` M '' and a capital `` K '' ) is a homage to 1960s British pop producer Joe Meek . A multi-instrumentalist , MeeK plays all the instruments on his recordings through a multitracked/multi-layered method of recording and provides all vocals including multi-layered backing harmonies . Since his first album in 2002 and an ever strong presence on the Internet right from its very early days as a mass media , MeeK is part of the European pop/rock Indie music scene . Over the years and through word-of-mouth some have come to consider him a `` cult-artist '' because of his ever dedicated worldwide fanbase , his rather non-typical and enigmatic persona and the fact that he is one of the very first few artists in Europe who have pioneered in utilizing the Internet as a marketing tool and a medium to publicize and/or expose their music to the general public in the late-1990s , long before the advent of social networks like MySpace , Facebook or YouTube . After having briefly been a member of London-based Indie acoustic-pop bands Tin Can Heart and Elsewhere in the mid-1990s , MeeK was signed as a solo songwriter by Stephane Berlow of BMG Music Publishing France in 1996 . With the encouragement and support of French actors Jean-Pierre Bacri , Agnès Jaoui and Jamel Debbouze , MeeK released his first album titled `` Psychotique '' ( Psychotic ) in 2002 on the record label Bedroom to a warm critical reception in France . The CD created what was not yet called an Internet buzz ( the Web still being in its infancy as a mainstream media in the early-2000s ) , and was well noticed in the French Indie music scene of the time . French pop artist Calogero decided to sponsor MeeK after hearing him on the radio and mistaking him for a female performer because of his rather high-pitched vocal range . Calogero then invited MeeK to perform his single `` Psychotique '' on `` The Live Café '' , one of the first music programs on the French Web , produced in partnership by Universal Music and NRJ radio station . MeeK 's `` Psychotique '' album was also released in a deluxe digipack version in Japan by Tokyo Indie record label MINF Records with an introductory essay by leader of Japanese pop group Pizzicato Five Yasuharu Konishi , drawing a camparison between the Franco-English songwriter and Paul McCartney amongst others . Since then , all MeeK albums have been released in Japan by the same record label . In 2003 and at the request of his Japanese label , MeeK released the album `` Sleeping with Big Ben '' composed of fourteen Lennon-McCartney songs recorded in an all-acoustic and vocal treatment . The tribute album 's release was limited to the Japanese market only and soon became a popular collectable amongst curious Beatles fans around the world . The album was finally released in a digital form worldwide in 2011 . In 2004 , his second album of original songs `` Margaret Et Ses Bijoux '' ( Margaret And Her Jewels ) was released and can be defined as a concept album . It confirmed the `` MeeK buzz '' on the Internet and scored excited reviews in the French music press as well as on many professional music blogs . In 2004 , MeeK translated what is considered the only official `` autobiography '' by Paul McCartney the former Beatle wrote in collaboration with Barry Miles in 1997 , `` Many Years From Now '' , in French for Paris publisher Flammarion ( French title : `` Les Beatles , les Sixties & moi '' -- The Beatles , the '60s and Me ) . In 2008 and after a two-year hiatus due to serious health concerns , MeeK recorded his third album `` Sortie De Secours '' ( Emergency Exit ) which he co-produced with Maxime Monegier Du Sorbier . Collaborating for the first time with a dozen musicians during the recording sessions , MeeK used no machines , synthesizers nor samplers at all during the album production that spanned more than 10 months . A real string section appeared on several tracks as well as a Celtic bagpipes section for the title `` Je Vous Aime Immediatement '' . The album lead single `` Six Feet Under '' is MeeK 's most commercially successful hit with the single `` So Fresh '' so far and a nod to the HBO TV series of the same name . The single entered hundreds of campus and college radio stations playlists around the world and was the first independent music production to have cracked the Swiss state radio station Radio Suisse Romande 's Top 20 while its promo video created a remarkable YouTube buzz . In 2010 , several Electronic artists including The Electronic Matter , The OriginalFake and Lyhne remixed a few tracks from the `` Sortie De Secours '' album which were compiled on the `` ElectroMeeK MySpace '' parallel to the regular official Meek MySpace . In April 2011 , the album `` Archives 97/07 '' compiling 15 unreleased tracks recorded during sessions from MeeK 's four previous efforts was released in digital form worldwide . MeeK began recording sessions for his next album in April 2011 in Paris and the album titled `` Aristocracy '' is an English album , co-produced by MeeK and ( musicianAmerican partnership Ramses & Beaumond ( group pseudonym of Christopher Hannover-Klein and Andy Ambrose ) , After the successive releases of 2 singles , the college-radio-friendly `` So Fresh '' in 2012 and the cold and icy `` Monolith # 6 '' in 2013 announcing the long-awaited album , the long anticipated `` Aristocracy '' album was finally released worldwide on April the 1st 2015 . The album took 5 years in the making , using 6 different studios in Paris , London , South of France and Los Angeles . It was mastered at the legendary Abbey Road Studios in London ( `` Just for a laugh '' said MeeK ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6aafae849444f229eb64f9997010897",
"text": "Psy discography This is the discography of the South Korean idol Psy . He is well known for his humorous videos and stage performances , and for his hit single `` Gangnam Style '' , a song about where he came from and which talks about the life of the people of Gangnam , which is a neighborhood in Seoul , South Korea . In January 2001 , Psy debuted with his full-length album Psy from the Psycho World ! , for which he received a fine due to accusations that the album contained `` inappropriate content '' . He released his controversial second album , Sa 2 , in 2002 , which sparked complaints from concerned civil groups due to the potentially negative influence his album would have on children and teenagers . Since then , Psy has been thought of as a controversial artist , and Sa 2 was banned in 2002 from being sold to those under the age of 19 . Later in September the same year , Psy released his third album 3 Mai . The album 's title song , `` Champion '' , saw great success partly due to the hype from the World Cup games held in Seoul . Despite the significant amount of controversy surrounding his music , Psy was awarded with songwriting accolades at the annually held Seoul Music Awards , which marked his breakthrough in the music industry of South Korea . In 2006 , Psy released his 4th album Sa Jib , which won honors at the 2006 SBS Music Awards and the Mnet Asian Music Awards . Psy released his 5th album PsyYFive in 2010 , but its lead single `` Right Now '' was banned by South Korea 's Ministry of Gender Equality and Family for its `` obscene '' lyrics . Despite his lead single being banned , Psy received awards during the 2011 Melon Music Awards and Mnet Asian Music Awards . Prior to the release of `` Gangnam Style '' , Psy had topped domestic music charts half a dozen times throughout his 12-year career , according to Billboard . In July 2012 , PSY released his 6th album Psy 6 ( Six Rules ) , Part 1 and the song `` Gangnam Style '' appeared in broadcasting networks and newspapers outside Asia . On August 14 , `` Gangnam Style '' ranked first on YouTube 's ` Most Viewed Videos ' monthly chart ; it has received over 2 billion on YouTube ( the first to reach this mark and currently the number one viewed video in YouTube 's history ) . His single , `` Gentleman '' , was released on April 12 , 2013 in 119 countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "412fb7fa4169a15b8afc79a6b544502d",
"text": "Florence and the Machine discography English indie rock band Florence and the Machine have released three studio albums , two live albums , six extended plays , 20 singles , two promotional singles and 23 music videos . Florence and the Machine released their first extended play , A Lot of Love . A Lot of Blood , in March 2009 . Their debut studio album , Lungs , was released in July 2009 through Island Records , reaching number one on the UK Albums Chart in January 2010 . The album was subsequently certified quintuple platinum in the United Kingdom , quadruple platinum in Ireland and triple platinum in Australia . The album 's lead single `` Kiss with a Fist '' peaked at number 51 on the UK Singles Chart . This was succeeded by the single `` Dog Days Are Over '' , which reached number 23 in the UK and number 21 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) . Third single `` Rabbit Heart ( Raise It Up ) '' reached number 12 in the UK and number 41 in Ireland . `` Drumming Song '' was released as the fourth single , charting at number 54 in the UK . `` You 've Got the Love '' , a cover of The Source 's song of the same name , peaked at number five in the UK and number nine in Australia . A performance at the 2010 BRIT Awards on 17 February 2010 saw the Dizzee Rascal-assisted mash-up `` You Got the Dirtee Love '' debut at number two in the UK . The album 's sixth and final single , `` Cosmic Love '' , peaked at number 51 in the UK and number three in Ireland . The band 's second studio album , Ceremonials , was released in October 2011 , debuting atop the charts in the UK , Ireland , Australia and New Zealand . The album 's release was preceded by the promotional single `` What the Water Gave Me '' , which peaked at number 24 in the UK , number 13 in Ireland and number 15 in New Zealand . Lead single `` Shake It Out '' became the band 's fifth top-40 hit in the UK , peaking at number 12 upon release in September 2011 . The track also attained international chart success , reaching number 72 on the Billboard Hot 100 and becoming the band 's highest-peaking single in Ireland , where it reached number two . The album also saw the release of singles `` No Light , No Light '' and `` Never Let Me Go '' , which peaked at numbers 50 and 82 on the UK chart , respectively . Their next release `` Spectrum ( Say My Name ) '' peaked at number one in the UK , becoming their first UK number-one single . In June 2015 , Florence and the Machine released their third studio album , How Big , How Blue , How Beautiful , which debuted at number one in eight countries including the UK and the US and reached the top 10 of 20 countries . The album had sold over a million copies worldwide by the end of 2015 and has been certified platinum in the UK , Australia and Poland , and gold in New Zealand . It was promoted by the singles `` What Kind of Man '' and `` Ship to Wreck '' , which both reached the top 40 in the UK , Ireland and New Zealand , as well as `` Queen of Peace '' and `` Delilah '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad741f17435c1362909449c916658e41",
"text": "Sarsa (singer) Marta Markiewicz ( born 13 June 1989 ) , better known as Sarsa or Sarsa Markiewicz , is a Polish singer , songwriter , and record producer . She first achieved mainstream attention due to her 2015 single `` Naucz mnie '' ( Teach me ) , which occupied the number-one position on the Polish singles chart for six consecutive weeks , and was certified diamond by the Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry ( ZPAV ) . Her debut studio album Zapomnij mi was released on 28 August 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48cc0202018b410c2e522d724ca98d51",
"text": "Robbie Boyd Robbie Boyd is a singer , songwriter and musician from London , United Kingdom . This British singer/songwriter , has performed live on ITV 's This Morning twice ; written a song with the legendary Ray Davies ; caught the attention of Sir Tim Rice , and been regularly aired on Absolute Radio , Xfm and various BBC radio stations including Graham Norton 's show on BBC Radio 2 . In 2017 Boyd will release his second album Break the Chain . To promote the album he has spent the early part of 2017 on the road . A February tour of several European countries ( Belgium , Netherlands , Germany and Switzerland ) , was followed by an extensive tour of Australia in March and April . Boyd has always enjoyed performing to audiences around the globe . In previous years he has performed in various European countries and also further afield , including Argentina and Japan . He has been invited to Nashville on more than one occasion to record , perform and write with other musicians . Boyd and his band have supported artists such as McFly , The Feeling and The Kooks . They have played at a number of events and festivals in the UK and sold out several headline shows in London including The Borderline , The Barfly and Bush Hall . Boyd was the first Briton to perform on the roof of London 's O2 Arena . Boyd 's songs have captivated a worldwide audience of over 10,000 Facebook fans and more than 500,000 YouTube views . In 2010 , Boyd 's musical talents attracted the attention of Sir Tim Rice who included Boyd 's songs `` Oh Alaska '' and `` New Hampshire '' in his BBC Radio 2 series American Pie . The following year , Robbie and his band won the `` Alternative '' category of Live and Unsigned and were also named London 's `` Busker of the Year '' . In 2013 they reached the top 20 of MTV 's Brand New for 2013 competition . Boyd has released a number of singles and EPs , all of which have received positive reviews . In May 2014 he released his debut Album So Called Man which was equally well received . In 2015 Boyd began writing and performing with several individual female artists including Katey Brooks , Lledra and Persephone . Boyd plays a number of musical instruments , including the Okinawan sanshin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087",
"text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f74f150b50e6753e5705387ff16d7f4b",
"text": "Honey to the Bee `` Honey to the Bee '' is a song from Billie Piper released in 1999 . It peaked at # 3 in the UK Singles Chart and was released on March 22 , 1999 . In January 2007 , the song was championed by Radio 1 DJ Chris Moyles as part of an experiment to test out the new UK Singles Chart rules that came into effect that month , which prompted the song to reach number 17 in the UK Singles Chart on 21 January 2007 , and number 11 in the UK Download Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c06dcdb2dd9d301fd3fa7e3be8f57beb",
"text": "Ear Candy (Helen Reddy album) Ear Candy is the title of the tenth album release by Australian-American pop singer Helen Reddy : released May 1977 by Capitol Records , the album included a modern take on the doo-wop genre ( `` Long Distance Love '' ) , a Cajun number that gave the Melbourne native her first and only appearance on Billboard magazine 's Country chart ( `` Laissez les Bontemps Rouler '' ) , and a dark self-parody on which Reddy proclaims : `` I do n't take no shit from nobody '' ( `` Baby , I 'm a Star '' - not to be confused with the Prince song of the same name ) . Unprecedented for a Helen Reddy album , half of the songs recorded for Ear Candy were co-written by Reddy herself , including the second single : `` The Happy Girls '' , Reddy 's first self-penned A-side single since `` I am Woman '' : however it was the first single : a remake of the 1964 Cilla Black hit `` You 're My World '' , which would afford Reddy a final Top 40 hit . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ad5d1655ed28865dc7b5824729004aa",
"text": "Splean Splean is a popular Russian rock band . They were formed and released their first album in 1994 . Since then , they have remained one of the most popular rock bands in Russia and the former Soviet Union . The band 's name is derived from `` spleen '' ( in the sense of `` depression '' ) , and the `` ea '' spelling in English is a pun on the spelling of the Beatles . It was borrowed from a short poem by Sasha Cherny , which the band set to music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85f7cdaaecfd7a1dfb5a127760af54d2",
"text": "Ruslana Ruslana Stepanivna Lyzhychko ( Руслана Степанівна Лижичко , Ruslana Lyžyčko ; born 24 May 1973 ) , known mononymously as Ruslana , is a World Music Award and Eurovision Song Contest winning artist , holding the title of People 's Artist of Ukraine . She is also a former MP serving as deputy in the Ukrainian parliament ( Verkhovna Rada ) for the Our Ukraine Party . Ruslana was the UNICEF Goodwill Ambassador in Ukraine in 2004-2005 . She is recognized as the most successful Ukrainian female solo artist internationally and was included in the top 10 most influential women of 2013 by the Forbes magazine . The U.S. Secretary of State honored her with the International Women of Courage Award in March 2014 . She has been named an honorary citizen of her hometown L'viv and was nominated to receive the title Hero of Ukraine . She is a singer , songwriter , producer , musical conductor , multi-instrumentalist , dancer , voice actress and social activist . She writes , composes and produces her own songs and music videos . Since 28 December 1995 she has been married to Oleksandr Ksenofontov , a Ukrainian record producer . Together they have run the company Luxen Studio since 1993 , producing radio and film trailers . Ruslana was the first artist from the former Soviet Union to officially receive a platinum disc , her Dyki tantsi album selling more than 170,000 copies in the first 100 days after its release . This album is the best selling Ukrainian album to date , together with its English version , more than 500,000 copies being sold solely in Ukraine . She won the 2004 Eurovision Song Contest with the song `` Wild Dances '' receiving 280 points , which at that time was a record of points . Following her victory , she rose to fame in Europe and became one of the biggest pop stars from the Eastern part of the continent . Her winning song `` Wild Dances '' dominated the European charts for 97 weeks peaking at number one in Belgium for 10 consecutive weeks . Her Eurovision winning song was included on the official compilation album called The Very Best of Eurovision celebrating the 60th anniversary of the contest . Her repertoire includes songs performed mainly in Ukrainian and English , but she also recorded cover versions in Spanish and Latin languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7746a89703f34dbe6f12e223ef3399cf",
"text": "Twenty Twenty (band) Twenty Twenty are a pop punk band based in London , Cambridge and Essex , UK . They are made up of lead vocalist/guitarist Sam Halliday , brother and bassist/vocalist Jack Halliday , and drummer/vocalist Sonny Watson-Lang . The band have supported acts such as The Wanted , The Saturdays , Avril Lavigne , Scouting For Girls , Big Time Rush and Selena Gomez . Festival appearances have included playing with JLS , Diversity , and McFly . July 2010 saw the band play at the O2 Arena with The Saturdays , and Tinchy Stryder . In early 2011 Twenty Twenty supported The Saturdays on a UK tour throughout February and March and supported The Wanted in March and April . 17 April 2011 saw the release of the band 's new single and their first release signed to a major label . Their debut album `` Small Talk '' was released on 2 May 2011 . On 10 January 2014 Sam and Jack officially announced the band 's split on the sugarscape website after drummer Sonny Watson-Lang 's departure from the band six months earlier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07ae333e1e71d5ab8f05e8cdfdab2d19",
"text": "LP (singer) Laura Pergolizzi ( born March 18 , 1981 ) is an American pop singer and songwriter , originally from Long Island , New York , who performs under the stage name LP . She moved to Los Angeles in 2010 . She has released three albums and one EP . As a songwriter , she has written for Cher , Rihanna , the Backstreet Boys and Christina Aguilera , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2d267549d24418599e93d1b039e3651",
"text": "Poppy Rush Poppy Rush ( born 10 October 1991 ) is a British television actress . She is the daughter of actress Debbie Rush and sister of actor William Rush . She has also performed as the vocalist with family band The Sticks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c539c84a4002fcd8bd9abd0cc03a61f0",
"text": "The Poppy Girls The Poppy Girls is a British pop band consisting of five school-age girls from Armed Forces families . The band was first formed in 2013 with the intent to raise money for The Royal British Legion , and the members were selected from a pool of 1000 performers . Their debut single The Call ( No Need to Say Goodbye ) debuted at number 13 on the UK Singles Chart and was written by Regina Spektor . The full album , No Need To Say Goodbye , entered the UK Album Chart at number 62 in its first week . In November 2013 the group performed in front of Queen Elizabeth II and Prime Minister David Cameron at the Festival of Remembrance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d95cec440ce98a91532ee5b72b1d6c0",
"text": "Lily Allen Lily Rose Beatrice Cooper ( née Allen ; born 2 May 1985 ) , known professionally as Lily Allen , is an English singer , songwriter , actress , and television presenter . She is the daughter of actor Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen . Allen left school when she was 15 and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills . In 2005 , she made some of her recordings public on Myspace and the publicity resulted in airplay on BBC Radio 1 and a contract with Regal Recordings . Her first mainstream single , `` Smile '' , reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006 . Her debut record , Alright , Still , was well received , selling over 2.6 million copies worldwide and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards , Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards . She began hosting her own talk-show , Lily Allen and Friends , on BBC Three . Her second studio album , It 's Not Me , It 's You , saw a genre shift , having more of an electropop feel , rather than the ska and reggae influences of the first one . The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Australian ARIA Charts and was well received by critics , noting the singer 's musical evolution and maturity . It spawned the hit singles `` The Fear '' and `` Fuck You '' . This success saw her receive the Brit Award for British Female Solo Artist at the 2010 Brit Awards . Allen and Amy Winehouse were credited with starting a process that led to the `` year of the women '' media label in 2009 that saw five female artists making music of `` experimentalism and fearlessness '' nominated for the Mercury Prize . In 2009 , Allen announced that she would be taking a hiatus from musical activities . In 2011 , she launched her own record label . In 2013 , Allen revealed that she had begun working on her third studio album , which was later titled Sheezus . On 12 November 2013 , Allen premiered the video for her first original song since 2009 , `` Hard out Here '' , which was released as a single five days later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe46d777a4bd754fd14179480b5f5a49",
"text": "Sad Britney Sad Britney is the third EP from American singer-songwriter Christopher Dallman . It was released on November 9 , 2009 by Beauteous Bird Records . After hearing Dallman 's cover of Britney Spears 's `` Gim me More '' , producer Rachel Alina suggested releasing an EP of Spears 's songs to bring attention to his music . The EP also included covers of `` Radar '' , `` Toxic '' and '' ... Baby One More Time '' . All the songs were recorded during the first day of the recording of his second EP , Never Was . The EP became Dallman 's first record to chart on iTunes . His music video for `` Gim me More '' received attention from Spears 's fans who misenterpreted his message and thought he was parodying her , which he denied .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
de6c85399caedc2cc3c53c9f6aaea7b1 | Daniel Craig was born in 1991. | [
{
"docid": "255032b8a102a04be06da737061e57d1",
"text": "Daniel Craig Daniel Wroughton Craig ( born 2 March 1968 ) is an English actor . He trained at the National Youth Theatre and graduated from the Guildhall School of Music and Drama in 1991 , before beginning his career on stage . His film debut was in the drama The Power of One ( 1992 ) . Other early appearances were in the Disney family film A Kid in King Arthur 's Court ( 1995 ) and the biographical film Elizabeth ( 1998 ) , as well as in the historical war drama television series Sharpe 's Eagle ( 1993 ) and the action-adventure drama series Zorro . Cast as the fictional British secret agent James Bond in October 2005 , his first film in the role , Casino Royale , was released internationally in November 2006 . Craig 's appearances in the British television film Love Is the Devil : Study for a Portrait of Francis Bacon ( 1998 ) , the indie war film The Trench ( 1999 ) , and the drama Some Voices ( 2000 ) attracted the film industry 's attention . This led to roles in bigger productions such as the action film Lara Croft : Tomb Raider ( 2001 ) , the crime thriller Road to Perdition ( 2002 ) , the crime thriller Layer Cake ( 2004 ) , and the Steven Spielberg historical drama Munich ( 2005 ) . Craig achieved international fame when chosen as the sixth actor to play the role of Ian Fleming 's James Bond in the official film series , taking over from Pierce Brosnan in 2005 . Although his casting was initially greeted with scepticism , his debut was highly acclaimed and earned him a BAFTA award nomination , with Casino Royale becoming the highest-grossing in the series at the time . Quantum of Solace followed two years later . Craig 's third Bond film , Skyfall , premiered in 2012 and is currently the highest-grossing film in the series , was the highest-grossing film in the UK until 2015 and the fifteenth highest-grossing film of all time . Craig 's fourth Bond film , Spectre , premiered in 2015 . In 2006 , he joined the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences . Since taking the role of Bond , he has continued to star in other films , including the World War II film Defiance ( 2008 ) , science fiction Western Cowboys & Aliens ( 2010 ) , and the English-language adaptation of Stieg Larsson 's mystery thriller The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) . Craig also made a guest appearance as Bond in the opening ceremony of the London 2012 Olympic Games , alongside Queen Elizabeth II . As of 20 February 2017 , Craig is the second longest serving James Bond , surpassed only by Roger Moore .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "42aa107f14f21ae967783d89266f32d5",
"text": "Craig Campbell (album) Craig Campbell is the self-titled debut album of American country music artist Craig Campbell . It features his debut single , `` Family Man '' . The album was released on April 5 , 2011 via Bigger Picture Music Group . As of the chart dated May 7 , 2011 , the album has sold 15,256 copies in the US . The album 's second single , `` Fish , '' was released to country radio on June 6 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63a1d7fa87df73c7a74ffb739269d4f6",
"text": "Dexter Roberts Dexter Roberts ( born July 12 , 1991 ) is an American singer from Fayette , Alabama , who was a finalist on the thirteenth season of American Idol , finishing in seventh place .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "565cf7253df6b3f13c52074269b39a38",
"text": "Daniel Ryan (actor) Daniel Ryan ( born 1968 as Daniel O'Brien ) is an English actor and writer . He is known for starring as Darren Alexander in the BBC drama comedy Linda Green , Andrew Gilligan in The Government Inspector , Andy Coulson in Steel River Blues and Kenny Reed in The Whistleblowers . His stage credits include Macbeth , A Midsummer Night 's Dream and Richard III . He also appeared as a man who was severely brain-damaged after drink and driving , in part of the COI 's Drinking And Driving Wrecks Lives campaign . In 2008 he appeared in Gethsemane , a new play by David Hare at the National Theatre . He also took over the role of Harry ( Sandy 's husband ) in the special reunion episodes of BBC sitcom As Time Goes By alongside Judi Dench and Geoffrey Palmer , the first actor to portray the part being David Michaels . Ryan also appeared in the 2008 Doctor Who episode `` Midnight '' . In 2010 he was very well received for his performance in Posh by Laura Wade at the Royal Court Theatre in London . As a writer , his work has been performed by the RSC and at the Edinburgh Festival . He appeared on the Teen Drama Skins as the father of the third generation character Rich Hardbeck in 2011 and 2012 . In 2014 , he appeared in Salting the Battlefield as Bill Catcheside . He is also known for playing the role of Dan in the Sky Living comedy-drama , Mount Pleasant since 2011 . In 2015 he appeared as Colonel Anthony Forbes-Leith in the BBC TV series Father Brown episode 3.9 `` The Truth in the Wine '' . He has played Welsh butcher Bryn Brindsley in the ITV war-time drama Home Fires from 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a74a4c1214876b71df472a8c28da102d",
"text": "Craigie Horsfield Craigie Horsfield ( born 1949 in Cambridge ) is an English artist . In 1996 he was nominated for the annual Turner Prize . Horsfield described his work ( photographs of the environments and people around him ) as , `` intimate in scale but its ambition is , uncomfortable as I find it , towards an epic dimension , to describe the history of our century , and the centuries beyond , the seething extent of the human condition . '' He often prints the photographs many years after they were first taken , bringing into contrast memory and the present reality . His work was shown in Documenta XI , Kassel in 2002 and the Whitney Biennial in 2003 . He lives and works in London and New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "671ae2ccec7e4d6f5bce8b27a9b8843f",
"text": "Alec Craig Alexander Younger Craig `` Alec '' Craig ( 30 March 1884 -- 25 June 1945 ) , was a Scottish character actor , particularly known for his roles in Mutiny on the Bounty ( 1935 ) and National Velvet ( 1944 ) . He was particularly known for portraying stereotypically tight-fisted Scotsmen . Alec Craig was born on 30 March 1884 in Dunfermline , Fife , Scotland , the son of James Chapman Craig and his wife Isabella . Craig died of tuberculosis on 25 June 1945 , aged 61 , in Glendale , California , US . He is buried there at Grand View Memorial Park Cemetery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a952438c19a965522bd39fba6367c58a",
"text": "Daniel Menzel Daniel Menzel ( born 13 September 1991 ) is a professional Australian rules footballer , currently playing for the Geelong Football Club in the Australian Football League ( AFL ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ac0bb277876929e2b7911bfae45b2d0",
"text": "Craig McConnell Craig ( Robert ) McConnell ( born 1978 ) is a Canadian music producer , film and television composer , and songwriter . His ten feature films have received theatrical distribution in over 50 countries . His music is also featured in more than 4000 episodes of television broadcasting in over 25 countries worldwide . His film scoring credits include Irvine Welsh 's Ecstasy ( from the author of Trainspotting ) , Textuality ( starring Jason Lewis ) , Animal 2 ( starring Ving Rhames ) and 5ive Girls ( starring Ron Perlman ) . For television , he has composed for international TV series such as Word Girl ( PBS ) , Wedding SOS ( Slice ) and Property Virgins ( HGTV ) . Along with partner Justin Forsley , he recently wrote the theme song and underscore for the sitcom Life With Boys , from the creators of Hannah Montana . In 2012 , he was nominated for `` Best Music '' at the 2012 British Independent Film Festival ( BIFF ) Awards for his work on Irvine Welsh 's Ecstasy . Craig is an award-winning songwriter and producer ( Winner , USA Songwriting Competition , Best R&B ) with credits in North America , Asia and Europe across many musical genres . Recent artists include Keshia Chante ( Tanjola/Universal ) , Raghav ( Fontana ) , Crystal Kay ( Epic/Sony ) , Chemistry ( DefStar/Sony ) and Juno-winner Divine Brown . McConnell holds a B.A.Sc from the University of Toronto ( Engineering Science ) and currently sits on the Board of Directors of the Screen Composers Guild of Canada . He is also the President of the production music company hard Music Design .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f7c0d3a853234221441c96a18b84441",
"text": "Daniel Freire Daniel Freire ( born 29 December 1961 in Buenos Aires ) is an Argentine film actor . He entered film in 1993 in Un Muro de silencio and has appeared in over 15 films including Las Aventuras de Dios 2000 in which he portrayed Jesus Christ and Arizona Sur in 2004 . In 2005 he appeared in 27 episodes of the Spanish TV series Motivos personales . He has lived in Spain since 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67632142fb431afbb029c86e607e1399",
"text": "Daniel Hood Daniel Hood is an American writer of fantasy novels . He was born in Pelham , a small town just north of the Bronx . He wrote his first book in 1991 , which was published in 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "898bafeeeab5db6e64b7c21ee8356925",
"text": "Daniel Gross Daniel Gross ( born August 4 , 1967 ) is an American journalist and author . Since July 2012 he has been editor of global finance for Daily Beast/Newsweek . He was formerly Senior Editor at Newsweek , and between 2010 and 2012 was employed at Yahoo! Finance . A native of East Lansing , Michigan , Gross graduated from East Lansing High School ( 1985 ) and Cornell University ( B.A. , 1989 ) , and holds an A.M. ( 1991 ) in American history from Harvard University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bb363a6dbc6f67949844b1889fc1620",
"text": "Daniel Kitson Daniel Kitson ( born 2 July 1977 ) is an English comedian .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "498a879114b6d636dc4dcc11275c86fa",
"text": "Daniel Zovatto Daniel Zovatto ( born June 28 , 1991 ) is a Costa Rican film and television actor . Since 2012 , he has starred in films of the horror genre , Beneath ( 2013 ) , It Follows ( 2014 ) , and Do n't Breathe ( 2016 ) , as well as the romantic comedy Laggies ( 2014 ) . Zovatto made his television debut in 2014 , guest starring in an episode of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. . He has since held recurring roles as Gideon LeMarchal in Revenge ( 2014 ) , and Jack in Fear the Walking Dead ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410",
"text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d78b1c6fa1f832e66af0d7c0eeabb15",
"text": "Craig Berkey Craig Berkey ( June 18 , 1962 ) is a Canadian sound engineer . He has been nominated for three Academy Awards . He has worked on over 80 films since 1990 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66fa2cc12fa9c53fd3b2bb23510198c7",
"text": "Craig Winn Craig Winn is an anti-Islamic American author and former businessman . He has self-published five books , including several on terrorism and Islam . His longest book is called Yada Yahweh . After the events of September 11 , Winn began a research project with colleague Ken Power to `` uncover the roots of terrorism '' . September 11, 2001 attacks They visited 120 countries and interviewed members of al-Qaeda , Hamas , Islamic Jihad , Fatah , Al-Aqsa Martyrs ' Brigades , Force 17 , the Palestinian Authority , the Knesset , IDF , and US generals , as well as Israeli secret service agents in the Mossad and Shin Bet . The two published their findings in the novel Tea With Terrorists . Winn has made numerous appearances in the media around the United States , including 1500 radio interviews by his own count . Some of the shows are made available on his website . Winn has been interviewed by Business Week.BW Talk : The Spy Who Came In From ... Prior to becoming an author , Winn was a businessman who founded the now defunct ValueAmerica.com . In 2010 Winn repudiated the letters of St Paul , in his online book Questioning Paul .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f3384e85a56aec0e39571ec17cb9717",
"text": "Stuart Craig Norman Stuart Craig ( born 14 April 1942 ) is a noted British production designer . He has also designed the sets , together with his frequent collaborator set decorator , the late Stephenie McMillan , on all of the Harry Potter films to date . At Potter author J. K. Rowling 's request , he worked with Universal Creative team to design the Wizarding World of Harry Potter at Universal 's Islands of Adventure theme park . Rowling said in a December 2007 interview on the Potter podcast PotterCast , `` The key thing for me was that , if there was to be a theme park , that Stuart Craig ... would be involved . ... More than involved , that he would pretty much design it . Because I love the look of the films ; they really mirror what 's been in my imagination for all these years '' . He has been nominated for 10 Academy Awards , and has won three : in 1982 for Gandhi , in 1988 for Dangerous Liaisons , and in 1996 for The English Patient . He has been nominated for a BAFTA award fourteen times , including for first six and last Potter film , and has won twice : in 1980 for The Elephant Man and in 2005 for Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire . Stuart Craig has been nominated for a BAFTA Award for consecutive six films in a row , viz . for consecutive first six Harry Potter films . For his work on The English Patient , Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone , Harry Potter and Order of the Phoenix , Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince , and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 1 and Part 2 , Craig was nominated for an Art Directors Guild award and won the same for The English Patient and Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows Part 2 . The Guild has also honored Craig with a Lifetime Achievement Award at the awards ceremony on 16 February 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "399babd1a13b5140e29698a0926e2b39",
"text": "Craig Mullaney Craig M. Mullaney is a United States Army veteran and author of The Unforgiving Minute : A Soldier 's Education ( Penguin Press ) . He was Senior Vice President of Content , Strategy and Operations at Ustream from 2011-13 . He also served as Senior Policy Advisor working for the United States Agency for International Development . He currently works on Strategic Partner Development at Facebook .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2e9f7d3a27629cc7475a5337a7d7998",
"text": "Daniel Curtis Lee Daniel Curtis Lee ( born May 17 , 1991 ) is an American actor , comedian , and rapper . He is best known for playing Simon `` Cookie '' Nelson-Cook on the Nickelodeon series Ned 's Declassified School Survival Guide and Kornelius `` Kojo '' Jonesworth on the Disney XD sitcom Zeke & Luther . He has also appeared in other television shows , such as First Monday and The Shield , and films such as Friday After Next .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e357dc4d8eb239aee6e13f3a6e8ee973",
"text": "Jon Craig Jon Craig ( born 9 August 1957 ) is the Chief Political Correspondent of Sky News , the 24-hour television news service operated by Sky Television , part of British Sky Broadcasting . He has occupied this position since July 2006 . He is a former Political Editor of two national newspapers , the Daily Express and the Sunday Express , and of BBC London , and was a lobby correspondent at Westminster for more than 30 years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdcf217a1c0c2f1555e604bfbf89ff00",
"text": "Craig (given name) Craig is an English-language masculine given name of an ultimately Celtic derivation . The name has two origins . In some cases it can originate from a nickname , derived from the Scottish Gaelic word creag , meaning `` rock , '' similar to Peter . In other cases , the given name originates from the Scottish surname Craig , which is also derived from the same Scottish Gaelic word . Cognate forms of creag include the Irish creig , Manx creg , and Welsh craig . The English word `` crag '' also shares an origin with these Celtic words . The given name Craig is popular in Scotland , and is used throughout the English speaking world , though in North America it is often pronounced with a short vowel sound , as in `` egg , '' while the British pronunciation sounds like the diphthong in `` brain . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
89330b0cc38acdfeaa436f50bce9249c | Sunrise is a studio. | [
{
"docid": "87506182853b9cac9bffa11966feab6d",
"text": "Sunrise (company) is a Japanese animation studio and production enterprise . It is a subsidiary of Bandai Namco Holdings . Its former name was Nippon Sunrise , and prior to that , Sunrise Studios . Its headquarters is located in Suginami , Tokyo . Among Japan 's largest and most famous studios , Sunrise is renowned for several critically lauded and popular original anime series , such as Gundam , Cowboy Bebop , Space Runaway Ideon , Armored Trooper Votoms , Yoroiden Samurai Troopers , Future GPX Cyber Formula , Crush Gear Turbo , The Vision of Escaflowne , Love Live School Idol Project , Witch Hunter Robin , My-HiME , My-Otome , Code Geass : Lelouch of the Rebellion , Tiger & Bunny , Cross Ange : Rondo of Angel and Dragon , as well as its numerous adaptations of acclaimed light novels including Dirty Pair , Horizon in the Middle of Nowhere and Accel World , and manga such as City Hunter , InuYasha , Outlaw Star , Yakitate !! Japan , Planetes , Keroro Gunso , Gin Tama , Kekkaishi and several others . Many of Sunrise 's original anime include similar themes , including mecha and masked identities accompanied with fluid animation . Because of the fluidity and high degree of details on much of their works , fans refer to their animation works as `` Sunrise Smooth '' . Most of their works are mostly original titles created in-house by their creative staffs that went into a collective pseudonym called Hajime Yatate . They also previously operated a now defunct video game studio of their own named Sunrise Interactive . Sunrise also launched their own light novel publication titled Yatate Bunko Imprint on September 30 , 2016 aimed to publish new original titles and also to supplemment their already existing franchises with new materials . Anime created by Sunrise that have won the Animage Anime Grand Prix prize are Mobile Suit Gundam in 1979 and the first half of 1980 , Space Runaway Ideon in the second half of 1980 , Crusher Joe ( co-production with Studio Nue ) in 1983 , Dirty Pair in 1985 , Future GPX Cyber Formula in 1991 , Gundam SEED in 2002 , Gundam SEED Destiny in 2004 and 2005 , Code Geass : Lelouch of the Rebellion in 2006 and 2007 and Code Geass R2 in 2008 , thus making Sunrise as the studio that won the most number of Animage Awards .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19109a0dfac0381428ae940f24596580",
"text": "Sony α Sony α ( the lower case to Greek letter alpha , often transliterated as Sony Alpha ) , is a camera system introduced on 5 June 2006 . It uses and expands upon Konica Minolta camera technologies , including the Minolta AF SLR lens mount , whose assets were acquired by Sony after the end of Konica Minolta 's photography operations in early 2006 . Sony also has an 11.08 % ownership stake in Japanese lens manufacturer Tamron , which is known to have partnered with Konica Minolta and Sony in the design and manufacture of many zoom lenses . Prior to the acquisition by Sony , the α branding had already been used on the Japanese market by Minolta for their AF camera system ( marketed as `` Dynax '' in Europe , and `` Maxxum '' in North America ) . Sony adopted the name `` A-mount system '' for the Minolta AF lens mount , which has been retained in their new SLR range . Sony 's entry into the DSLR market dates back to July 2005 where a joint venture with Konica Minolta would have resulted in both companies marketing an updated line of DSLRs to the masses . Between 2006 and 2008 Sony was the fastest growing company on the DSLR market , reaching 13 % market share in 2008 to become the third largest DSLR company in the world . In May 2010 , Sony introduced two α NEX mirrorless interchangeable lens cameras equipped with the new proprietary Sony E-mount . A-mount lenses can be used in E-mount cameras with an adapter - four different adapters are available from Sony alone . Sony announced plans to introduce a special camera service programme for professional photographers since the launch of the α900 in 2008 . Sony Imaging PRO Support ( a.k.a. SPS ) was finally established starting between 2013 and 2015 depending on country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1231c4b0b5572ecfd5be9e6d6fa7600",
"text": "Metalworks Studios Metalworks Studios is a music recording studio in Mississauga , Ontario ( Greater Toronto Area ) , Canada . It was established in 1978 by Gil Moore of the Canadian rock group Triumph ( Inductee of the Mississauga Music Walk of Fame ) . Over a span of more than 30 years , Metalworks has become one of Canada 's best recording studios and is the 17 time recipient of Canadian Music Week 's ` Studio of the Year ' . Since 1978 Metalworks Studios , has expanded into a six studio facility offering in-house tracking , mixing and mastering , as well as video editing and DVD authoring . In 2004 , Metalworks Studios launched an adjacent educational facility ; Metalworks Institute . Metalworks Studios offers a classic Neve and multiple SSL consoles with an assortment of vintage analogue and digital outboard gear for tracking , overdubs and/or mixing . Combined with a knowledgeable staff of engineers and sonically treated rooms , Metalworks has been key in providing Multi-Platinum award-winning music that spans a wide array of artists and genre . Metalworks Studios has won 17 ` Studio of the Year ' awards at Canadian Music Week from 1998-2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc1b4db6518ad28cf4add3c803c363fa",
"text": "Sawgrass Mills Sawgrass Mills is a shopping mall operated by the Simon Property Group , in Sunrise , Florida , a city in Broward County . With 2383906 sqft of retail selling space , it is the eleventh largest mall in the United States , the largest single story mall in the U.S. , and the second largest mall in Florida . The mall opened in 1990 as the third mall developed by the now-defunct Mills Corporation ( now part of Simon Property Group ) , and has been expanded four times since then , most recently in 2013 . There are over 300 retail outlets and name brand discounters , with anchors including Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue , and Super Target . Because of its size , Sawgrass Mills is divided into three parts : the main mall with four main `` Avenue '' sections and a `` Fashion Avenue '' subsection ; `` The Oasis at Sawgrass Mills '' , an outdoor component opened in 1999 including GameWorks which is now GameRoom , Regal Cinemas , Ron Jon Surf Shop , Nordstrom Rack and `` The Colonnade Outlets at Sawgrass Mills '' was opened in 2006 as an upscale lifestyle area with shops and restaurants , anchored by Last Call By Neiman Marcus . Additionally , there are numerous `` outparcel '' stores and plazas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3a2a12b623c3e4e49aadcd3b959e19a",
"text": "Sunrise Radio (Yorkshire) Sunrise Radio Yorkshire is an Asian radio station in Bradford , West Yorkshire , in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5e8b15649bb8891fe000cfbd770433a",
"text": "Vegas Movie Studio Vegas Movie Studio ( previously Sony Vegas Movie Studio ) is a consumer-based nonlinear video editing software designed for the PC . It is a scaled-down version of Vegas Pro . Movie Studio was formerly called `` Sonic Foundry VideoFactory '' and then `` Sony Screenblast Movie Studio , '' . As of version 13 , Vegas Movie studio is now part of Magix GmbH after Sony had officially announced it had sold most of its creative software suit to the German based company . On February 14 , 2017 , Magix announced a brand new version of Vegas movie studio , Vegas movie studio 14.0 , which is the first stable release of Vegas movie studio since 2014 and Magix first stable release since its acquisition from Sony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7c156a1b2906b1148ae2ed6b52eded3",
"text": "Sunrise Mountain (Nevada) Sunrise Mountain is located east of Las Vegas in Clark County , Nevada . Even though Sunrise Mountain is over 3.3 mi NNW of higher peak Frenchman Mountain many people in the Las Vegas Valley refer to Frenchman Mountain as Sunrise Mountain since the sun rises from behind it . This confusion dates back many years and the National Geodetic Survey bench mark placed in 1947 on the summit of Frenchman Mountain is designated `` Sunrise '' . During World War II the U.S. Army maintained an airway beacon on the summit and as of 2007 , remains of the tower could still be found .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "467170800c5404a550038645d9b286b1",
"text": "Sunrise Records (retailer) Sunrise Records is an Ancaster , Ontario-based record store chain . Currently owned by Douglas Putman ( whose family also runs Everest Toys ) , it operates nine locations in the province of Ontario . In February 2017 , the chain announced a major expansion under which it will purchase leases for 70 locations occupied by the bankrupt HMV Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1ecfcd375ad756ea4832acf5761f00b",
"text": "The Complete Studio Recordings (Led Zeppelin album) The Complete Studio Recordings is a ten compact disc box set by the English rock group Led Zeppelin , released by Atlantic Records on 24 September 1993 . It contains all nine of the original Led Zeppelin studio albums digitally remastered , and an expanded version of Coda . The albums are placed in chronological order with the exception of Presence which appears between Houses of the Holy and Physical Graffiti . The intention was to have the latter in one two-disc-sleeve . The set 's version of Coda included some of the previously unreleased tracks that had surfaced on the box set series : `` Baby Come On Home '' , `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' , `` White Summer/Black Mountain Side '' , and `` Hey , Hey , What Can I Do '' . In 2007 , when the Led Zeppelin catalog was released to digital stores , the expanded track list for Coda was used , but omitted `` Travelling Riverside Blues '' because of its inclusion with BBC Sessions . The set also includes a booklet featuring an extended essay by rock journalist Cameron Crowe and photos of the band . The album cover depicts the inside structure of a zeppelin . This title has been discontinued just prior to the launch of Mothership , and is now superseded by the Definitive Collection Mini LP Replica CD Boxset , which was released in September 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2845c457a721a5cb0cee30dd07e85762",
"text": "Sunrise Avenue discography The following is the discography of Sunrise Avenue , a Finnish rock band originally formed in 1992 as `` Sunrise '' . The band changed its name to `` Sunrise Avenue '' in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feea4a89550e035c58d744efde7e9567",
"text": "Animation stand An animation stand is a device assembled for the filming of any kind of animation that is placed on a flat surface , including cel animation , graphic animation , clay animation , and silhouette animation . Traditionally , the flat surface that the animation rests on is some kind of table that the animator sits at . Pegs made specifically for animation are embedded into the table , in at least two slots allowing the pegs to slide from side to side , permitting horizontal movement of images , but can also be easily fixed into position for the accurate positioning ( `` registration '' ) of the artwork . Opposite the animator is a series of supporting arms and supports , on top of which is mounted a film or video camera , pointing down toward the artwork , which films the artwork , frame-by-frame , as it is slowly moved and changed by the operator . The vertical positioning of the animation camera , always shooting down , is the main component that defines an animation stand , as opposed to a stop motion set-up , or other equipment arrangements for animation production . Animation stands can be homemade , from metal or wood , such as that owned by Los Angeles animator Mike Jittlov , and still accomplish impressive animation production ; or they can be elaborate ( and expensive ) professionally made precision systems that allow for the computerised movements of both the art and the camera , as has been traditionally used by professional animation studios and special effects facilities such as the Walt Disney studio ( famous for their Multiplane camera ) and George Lucas 's Industrial Light & Magic ( ILM ) facilities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f8e1b88a76ddc0e3212d9a384461687",
"text": "Blueprint for a Sunrise Blueprint for a Sunrise is a concept album of experimental feminist rock by Yoko Ono . It features live tracks , samples and remixes of previous recordings , and a sequel . The recurring theme throughout is the suffering of women . In the liner notes , Ono talks about the continuing relevance of feminism and `` waking up in the middle of the night hearing thousands of women screaming '' . It did not chart but was critically acclaimed and became an underground hit . The album has sold around 3,000 copies in the USA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39c514014bd4da9b37a0ee56382c1311",
"text": "Sun Studio Sun Studio is a recording studio opened by rock-and-roll pioneer Sam Phillips at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee , on January 3 , 1950 . It was originally called Memphis Recording Service , sharing the same building with the Sun Records label business . Reputedly the first rock and roll single , Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats ' `` Rocket 88 '' was recorded there in 1951 with song composer Ike Turner on keyboards , leading the studio to claim status as the birthplace of rock & roll . Blues and R&B artists like Howlin ' Wolf , Junior Parker , Little Milton , B.B. King , James Cotton , Rufus Thomas , and Rosco Gordon recorded there in the early 1950s . Rock and roll , country music , and rockabilly artists , including Johnny Cash , Elvis Presley , Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Charlie Feathers , Ray Harris , Warren Smith , Charlie Rich , and Jerry Lee Lewis , recorded there throughout the mid-to-late 1950s until the studio outgrew its Union Avenue location . Sam Phillips opened the larger Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio , better known as Phillips Recording , in 1959 to replace the older facility . Since Phillips had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier , he also recorded artists starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson . In 1957 , Bill Justis recorded his Grammy Hall of Fame song `` Raunchy '' for Sam Phillips and worked as a musical director at Sun Records . In 1969 , Sam Phillips sold the label to Shelby Singleton , and there was no recording-related or label-related activity again in the building until the September 1985 Class of '55 recording sessions with Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Johnny Cash , produced by Chips Moman . In 1987 , the original building housing the Sun Records label and Memphis Recording Service was reopened by Gary Hardy as `` Sun Studio , '' a recording label and tourist attraction that has attracted many notable artists , such as U2 , Def Leppard , Bonnie Raitt , and Ringo Starr . In 2005 , Brian Setzer ( of Stray Cats fame ) released his Rockabilly Riot Vol . 1 : A Tribute To Sun Records album . Although not recorded at Sun it did feature various Sun Records recordings including some hits and other more obscure songs . In 2007 , Canadian rockabilly band the Kingmakers recorded a selection of originals and classics such as Elvis Presley 's `` That 's All Right '' at Sun Studio , released as their first CD `` Live at SUN Studio '' . In May 2009 , Canadian blues artist JW-Jones recorded with blues legend Hubert Sumlin , Larry Taylor and Richard Innes for his 2010 release at the studio . In July 2009 , John Mellencamp recorded nine songs for his album No Better Than This at the studio . In 2011 , Chris Isaak released `` Beyond the Sun , '' a collection of songs recorded at Sun Studio , most of which are cover versions of songs originally released on Sun Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96720151a66d64c7483a386c3819d80",
"text": "Digital intermediate Digital intermediate ( typically abbreviated to DI ) is a motion picture finishing process which classically involves digitizing a motion picture and manipulating the color and other image characteristics . It often replaces or augments the photochemical timing process and is usually the final creative adjustment to a movie before distribution in theaters . It is distinguished from the telecine process in which film is scanned and color is manipulated early in the process to facilitate editing . However the lines between telecine and DI are continually blurred and are often executed on the same hardware by colorists of the same background . These two steps are typically part of the overall color management process in a motion picture at different points in time . A digital intermediate is also customarily done at higher resolution and with greater color fidelity than telecine transfers . Although originally used to describe a process that started with film scanning and ended with film recording , digital intermediate is also used to describe color correction and color grading and even final mastering when a digital camera is used as the image source and/or when the final movie is not output to film . This is due to recent advances in digital cinematography and digital projection technologies that strive to match film origination and film projection . In traditional photochemical film finishing , an intermediate is produced by exposing film to the original camera negative . The intermediate is then used to mass-produce the films that get distributed to theaters . Color grading is done by varying the amount of red , green , and blue light used to expose the intermediate . This seeks to be able to replace or augment the photochemical approach to creating this intermediate . The digital intermediate process uses digital tools to color grade , which allows for much finer control of individual colors and areas of the image , and allows for the adjustment of image structure ( grain , sharpness , etc. ) . The intermediate for film reproduction can then be produced by means of a film recorder . The physical intermediate film that is a result of the recording process is sometimes also called a digital intermediate , and is usually recorded to internegative ( IN ) stock , which is inherently finer-grain than camera negative ( OCN ) . One of the key technical achievements that made the transition to DI possible was the use of the 3D look-up tables ( aka `` 3D LUTs '' ) , which could be used to mimic how the digital image would look once it was printed onto release print stock . This removed a large amount of skilled guesswork from the film-making process , and allowed greater freedom in the colour grading process while reducing risk . The digital master is often used as a source for a DCI-compliant distribution of the motion picture for digital projection . For archival purposes , the digital master created during the Digital Intermediate process can still be recorded to very stable high dynamic range yellow-cyan-magenta ( YCM ) separations on black-and-white film with an expected 100-year or longer life . This archival format , long used in the industry prior to the invention of DI , still provides an archival medium that is independent of changes in digital data recording technologies and file formats that might otherwise render digitally archived material unreadable in the long term .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a3e9100c60dbc2935a79ff28d0f3e5a",
"text": "Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California . Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles . During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full . Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's . In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios . In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time . In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is : Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts . Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights . One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits . In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0845f5429f40c03b4667096af525502",
"text": "A-1 Pictures A-1 Pictures Inc. is a Japanese animation studio founded by ex-Sunrise producer Mikihiro Iwata , a subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment ( Japan ) 's anime production firm Aniplex .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e17124d2b86b8672f4a58461e6fdb92b",
"text": "Old Warner Brothers Studio The Old Warner Brothers Studio , officially called today Sunset Bronson Studios ( formerly known as KTLA Studios and Tribune Studios ) , is a motion picture , radio and television production facility located on Sunset Boulevard in Hollywood , California . The studio was the site where the first talking feature film , The Jazz Singer was filmed in 1927 . Originally built in 1919 , the main building fronting Sunset Boulevard was the site of a bowling alley during the 1940s and 50s . In the mid 1950s , the studio lot was divided in two , between KTLA television and Paramount Pictures . In 1963 , the entire lot was taken over by new owner Gene Autry ( as KTLA Studios ) and became the home of KTLA Television : Golden West Broadcasters . In 1984 , the lot was purchased by Tribune Company ( as Tribune Studios ) , before finally coming under the ownership of Hudson Capital as Sunset Bronson Studios . Due to its role in the history of the motion picture business , the site was designated as a Historic Cultural Landmark in LAHCM 1977 . The distinctive Executive Office Building , part of Warner Brothers original studio lot , was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bda760e90feee8dc834d6b49866e43c",
"text": "Morning Phase Morning Phase is the ninth official studio album and twelfth overall by American singer Beck . The album was released in February 2014 by his new label , Capitol Records . According to a press release , Morning Phase is a `` companion piece '' to Beck 's 2002 album Sea Change . Several of the musicians who recorded parts for Sea Change returned to record for Morning Phase . Upon release the album received critical acclaim and was nominated for five awards at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards , winning three : Album of the Year , Best Engineered Album , Non-Classical and Best Rock Album . Along with winning the award , Chris Martin collaborated with Beck to sing `` Heart Is a Drum '' at the Grammys . The roots of the album are similar to Sea Change , as well as 1993 's Golden Feelings and 1994 's One Foot in the Grave . Most of the critics noted the change in sound from several previous recordings , and the genre being the same as Sea Change .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61863df602aba1eb7c3064a382eb4b40",
"text": "Red Studio Red Studio may refer to : The Red Studio or L'Atelier Rouge , a painting by Henri Matisse from 1911 Red 5 Studios , a computer game RED STUDIO , a game project of CD Projekt Red Studio , a motion picture studio in Hollywood .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "846bb7b2199537b2a03679d924557675",
"text": "Cue Recording Studios Cue Recording was one of the first 24-track analog recording studios in the Washington , DC area . The DC music scene from the 1970s through today enjoys a professional level of quality that many such studios offer locally . Technology at Cue and other studios has evolved from vintage tape equipment to modern digital recording systems such as Pro Tools . Throughout its 30 years producing recordings for bands , solo artists , politicians , and cable documentaries , it has seen advancements in recording technology and a degradation in industry sound requirements such as the advent of compressed digital files , i.e. mpegs , CDs , etc. . Founded by Jeff Jeffrey in 1982 , Cue began recording bands and commercial narrations in a basement studio located in Falls Church , VA. . In 1987 , Jeffrey leased 3500 square feet of space in a commercial building where the next phase Cue began . Today , this building still continues to be Cue 's home with the expansion to 5500 square feet , housing six of its studios . Cue has achieved many accomplishments since its inception . It has been awarded 10 gold and platinum awards for tracking and mixing major label recordings , received three Wammies for Best Studio in the DC area , an Innovative Technology award from Falls Church City , a mid Atlantic Best Studio award from Music Monthly Magazine , and contributed to several Grammy awarded recordings . Cue created its sister enterprise in 2001 , Cue Studios Center for Audio Engineering . A Virginia state certified postsecondary school , `` CSCAE '' offers `` one on one '' and group audio engineering training to its students .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
291ad5f7f8b00868968188cd075ff882 | The Chernobyl disaster caused 2 deaths within the complex. | [
{
"docid": "382dcc4732f29619e5d75c5d6d79393a",
"text": "Chernobyl disaster The Chernobyl disaster , also referred to as the Chernobyl accident , was a catastrophic nuclear accident . It occurred on 26 April 1986 in the No. 4 light water graphite moderated reactor at the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near Pripyat , in what was then part of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic of the Soviet Union ( USSR ) . During a late night safety test which simulated a station blackout power-failure and in which safety systems were deliberately turned off , a combination of inherent reactor design flaws , together with the reactor operators arranging the core in a manner contrary to the checklist for the test , eventually resulted in uncontrolled reaction conditions that flashed water into steam generating a destructive steam explosion and a subsequent open-air graphite fire.Although most reports on the Chernobyl accident refer to a number of graphite fires , it is highly unlikely that the graphite itself burned . According to the General Atomics website < http://gt-mhr.ga.com/safety.php > : `` It is often incorrectly assumed that the combustion behavior of graphite is similar to that of charcoal and coal . Numerous tests and calculations have shown that it is virtually impossible to burn high-purity , nuclear-grade graphites . '' On Chernobyl , the same source states : `` Graphite played little or no role in the progression or consequences of the accident . The red glow observed during the Chernobyl accident was the expected color of luminescence for graphite at 700 ° C and not a large-scale graphite fire , as some have incorrectly assumed . '' Similarly , nuclear physicist Yevgeny Velikhov , < http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4918742.stm > noted some 2 weeks after the accident that `` Until now the possibility of a catastrophe really did exist : A great quantity of fuel and graphite of the reactor was in an incandescent state '' That is , all the nuclear-decay heat that was generated inside the uranium fuel ( heat which would normally be extracted by back-up coolant pumps , in an undamaged reactor ) was instead responsible for making the fuel itself and any graphite in contact with it , to glow red-hot . This is contrary to the oft cited interpretation , which is that the graphite was red-hot chiefly because it was chemically oxidizing with the air . This fire produced considerable updrafts for about 9 days , that lofted plumes of fission products into the atmosphere , with the estimated radioactive inventory that was released during this very hot fire phase , approximately equal in magnitude to the airborne fission products released in the initial destructive explosion . Practically all of this radioactive material would then go on to fall-out/precipitate onto much of the surface of the western USSR and Europe . The Chernobyl accident dominates the Energy accidents sub-category , of most disastrous nuclear power plant accident in history , both in terms of cost and casualties . It is one of only two nuclear energy accidents classified as a level 7 event ( the maximum classification ) on the International Nuclear Event Scale , the other being the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster in Japan in 2011 . The struggle to safeguard against scenarios which were , at many times falsely , perceived as having the potential for greater catastrophe and the later decontamination efforts of the surroundings , ultimately involved over 500,000 workers and cost an estimated 18 billion rubles . During the accident , blast effects caused 2 deaths within the facility and later 29 firemen and employees died in the days-to-months afterward from acute radiation syndrome , with the potential for long-term cancers still being investigated . The remains of the No. 4 reactor building were enclosed in a large sarcophagus ( radiation shield ) by December 1986 , at a time when what was left of the reactor was entering the cold shut-down phase ; the enclosure was built quickly as occupational safety for the crews of the other undamaged reactors at the power station , with No. 3 continuing to produce electricity into 2000 . The accident motivated safety upgrades on all remaining Soviet-designed reactors in the RBMK ( Chernobyl No. 4 ) family , of which eleven continued to power electric grids as of 2013 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "47bf524dc91a981dc7faf54a627a6a7d",
"text": "Tyuratam Tyuratam ( Төретам , Töretam Тюратам ) is a station on the main Moscow to Tashkent railway , located in Kazakhstan . The name is a word in the Kazakh language and means `` Töre 's grave '' ; Töre , or more formally , Töre-Baba , was a noble , a descendant of Genghis Khan . Tyuratam is near the Baikonur Cosmodrome , a Russian - formerly Soviet - spaceport , and near the city of Baikonur ( formerly Leninsk ) , which was constructed to service the cosmodrome . At a press conference for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project , Jules Bergman of ABC News asked : `` Baykonur , if you 'll look on the coordinates , is 135 miles -LSB- 217 km -RSB- away or something . Tyuratam may only be a railhead , but it is the Tyuratam Launch Complex . They call it Baykonur , I know ... . I 'm going to call it Tyuratam . ABC is going to call it Tyuratam . SAC Strategic Air Command calls it Tyuratam . Can we once and for all straighten that out and arrive at a ... name for it , Tom ? '' In the mid 1950s , the Soviet Union announced that space activities were being conducted from the Baykonur Cosmodrome , which was assumed to be near the city of Baykonur , in the Kazakh SSR . In reality , the launch facilities were located 400 km to the southwest at Tyuratam to obfuscate the west as to its true location . It was this launch site that the CIA was trying to locate by systematically tracking over the major rail networks of the Soviet Union in Central Asia with U-2 spy planes . The site was discovered and photographed in 1957 . Francis Gary Powers was scheduled to overfly it on his ill-fated mission in 1960 , but either due to detecting the guidance radar of the defending SA-2 missile battery or cloud cover which prevented him from photographing the site , he avoided Tyuratam and was later shot down over the Ural mountains .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2be7bbf473b3aec4b695847677d6e5a8",
"text": "Hyatt Regency walkway collapse The Hyatt Regency walkway collapse took place at the Hyatt Regency Kansas City hotel in Kansas City , Missouri , on July 17 , 1981 . Two vertically contiguous walkways collapsed onto a tea dance being held in the hotel 's lobby . The falling walkways killed 114 and injured 216 . At the time , it was the deadliest structural collapse in U.S. history , not surpassed until the collapse of the World Trade Center towers 20 years later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f6aa2d8c4b4377219639414da4bc89d",
"text": "Kamensk-Shakhtinsky rail disaster The Kamensk-Shakhtinsky rail disaster occurred on August 7 , 1987 , at 01:30 in Kamenskaya station in the town of Kamensk-Shakhtinsky on the North Caucasus Railway in the Soviet Union when a freight train ran into the rear of a passenger train standing in the station , killing 106 . A freight train from Bataisk ( a port on the Don River ) consisting of 55 wagons loaded with Kuban grain , hauled by a pair of VL80-C three section electric locomotives and weighing 5500 tons arrived at Likhaya station where a leakage of air between the 6th and 7th wagons was noticed . The train crew closed the brake line after the 6th wagon , thereby isolating the brakes of the rearmost 49 wagons , meaning that they were not being replenished with air from the locomotives . The locomotive crews were then changed without the new crew being informed of the leak and brake isolation . Complying with the regulations the new crew performed a brake test , the driver noticed the brake had to be applied harder than usual but the driver incorrectly assumed all was in order , and at 00:55 the heavy train began the long descent to Kamensk-Shakhtinsky . As the train accelerated the driver applied the service brake to keep the speed of the train down to 65 km/h but the train continued to accelerate ; the emergency braking proved ineffectual . A warning was sent by radio to Kamenskaya station where a number of trains were standing ( many carrying dangerous chemicals ) . Ahead of the runaway freight train the 10 carriage Rostov-Moscow passenger train was due to stop at Kamenskaya station . The officer on duty at the station attempted to radio the driver to tell him not to stop but was unable to make contact and at 01:28 as it stopped at the station the driver was immediately ordered to continue . Unfortunately the conductor of the train aware that passengers had not yet alighted , pulled the emergency brake ( as demanded by his job description ) . At 01:30 the freight train entered the station travelling at 140 km/h and collided with the rear of the passenger train , destroying three carriages and killing 106 people and injuring more than 100 ( including the locomotive crew of the freight train ) . The two engineers who last checked the brakes on the freight train were each sentenced to 12 years in prison .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96e7bb6d2a31e7eba3f256417f92b7d6",
"text": "1990 Tbilisi aerial tramway accident The 1990 Tbilisi aerial tramway accident was an aerial tramway accident in Tbilisi , the capital of Soviet Georgia on June 1 , 1990 , which resulted in 20 deaths and at least 15 injuries . The accident involved 2 gondolas on a ropeway route between Rustaveli Avenue and Mount Mtatsminda . The red gondola number 1 was on its way down from the slope of the mountain nearing the lower supporting tower and the red gondola number 2 was nearing an upper tower , when the hauling rope broke inside the coupler of the upper gondola . Both gondolas rolled down simultaneously . The lower gondola slammed into the wall of the lower station injuring people and killing 4 . The upper gondola generated higher speed ( the length of ropeway was 863,3 meters ) ; on reaching the lower support tower , it struck the broken hauling rope which was hanging on the tower , cable tore the gondola apart . The collision was so strong that the track cable fell off the tower , dangling the cut open gondola above the rooftops , causing the cabin to slide down more striking the rooftop of 6 story building destroying even more and causing people to fall from destroyed gondola 20 meters onto rooftops and ground . Overall , 20 people were killed and at least 15 badly injured . Most of them were children on a sightseeing tour in Tbilisi from regional town Akhaltsikhe school number 5 . Children 's Day . Witnesses in both gondolas who survived say that brakes did not work in either of the gondolas despite the desperate attempts from guides and passengers who helped them to pull the brakes . In 1988 , 2 years prior to accident , the cable car went under major reconstruction with the head engineer Vakhtang Lejava , originally cable car used 3 supporting towers . Redesigning meant replacing the 20 meter high lower mast with a new 25 meters high mast . Two short upper masts ( 10 and 12 meters high ) were also replaced by one 20 meter high mast . Prior to this change , gondolas had a slight climbing angle on the two upper masts . Using a single higher mast caused the new gondolas to run from the upper station horizontal to the mast and then with a sharp angle head down ( causing a feeling of a sudden fall in abyss ) . The standard oval Georgian gondolas ( capacity 25 per gondola ) which were produced in Tbilisi in Tbilisi Aircraft Manufacturing , were replaced by Italian larger rectangular ones built by `` Lovisolo '' and provided by `` Ceretti & Tanfani '' , providing greater passenger capacity ( 40 per gondola ) . The braking system of the new gondolas did not function properly - while climbing over upper mast , the braking system would engage . Service staff would have to climb on gondola and turn it off manually when this occurred . To avoid this inconvenience , the brakes were just turned off . Additionally , on the day of the accident , both gondolas were over-capacity : the lower gondola had 46 passengers on board , the upper gondola held 47 passengers . Accident investigation documentation does not identify the cause of the hauling rope breaking inside the coupler . Many unanswered question still remain and the cause of the accident is not known . The track and hauling cables were dismantled , also the damaged gondolas were dismantled after 3 years . The masts and the stations were kept . The aerial tramway was never restored , in 2014 upper station and both supporting mast were dismantled due to planned restoration of the tramway as a reversible gondola cable car from slightly moved lower station , but the upper station location remained the same . The old lower station due to its unique architecture is a cultural heritage object . The plans were abandoned due to local opposition and visual flaws of the new lower station on one of the main squares of the city in front of Radisson Hotel , as well as the oversized five supporting masts , two of them being located on hilly streets causing already narrow streets to reduce even more in width . As of January 2017 , an aerial tramway is under construction from its original lower station , the location of the upper station will remain the same . The work is carried out by Doppelmayr Garaventa Group . The major challenge is to adapt the lower station backyard for monocable detachable gondola infrastructure , because the lower station was only designed for aerial tramway type of cable car in 1958 . Construction has faced problems because of high density small housing which appeared in the backyard of the lower station throughout the years and near the future lower mast being challenging for big lorries with construction materials to get near .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6db534c584c71841d69a5b3ccd19202",
"text": "Radon Radon is a chemical element with symbol Rn and atomic number 86 . It is a radioactive , colorless , odorless , tasteless noble gas . It occurs naturally as an intermediate step in the normal radioactive decay chains through which thorium and uranium slowly decay into lead ; radon , itself , is a decay product of radium . Its most stable isotope , 222Rn , has a half-life of 3.8 days . Since thorium and uranium are two of the most common radioactive elements on Earth , and since their isotopes have very long half-lives , on the order of billions of years , radon will be present in nature long into the future in spite of its short half-life as it is continually being regenerated . Unlike all the other intermediate elements in the aforementioned decay chains , radon is , under normal conditions , gaseous and easily inhaled . Radon gas is a health hazard . It is often the single largest contributor to an individual 's background radiation dose , but due to local differences in geology , the level of the radon-gas hazard differs from location to location . Despite its short lifetime , radon gas from natural sources can accumulate in buildings , especially , due to its high density , in low areas such as basements and crawl spaces . Radon can also occur in ground water -- for example , in some spring waters and hot springs . Epidemiological studies have shown a clear link between breathing high concentrations of radon and incidence of lung cancer . Radon is a contaminant that affects indoor air quality worldwide . According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency , radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer , after cigarette smoking , causing 21,000 lung cancer deaths per year in the United States . About 2,900 of these deaths occur among people who have never smoked . While radon is the second most frequent cause of lung cancer , it is the number one cause among non-smokers , according to EPA estimates . As radon itself decays , it produces other radioactive elements called radon daughters ( also known as radon progeny ) or decay products . Unlike the gaseous radon itself , radon daughters are solids and stick to surfaces , such as dust particles in the air . If such contaminated dust is inhaled , these particles can also cause lung cancer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2953255a2c77fecbf6d1b07577223e79",
"text": "Controversy surrounding the Lviv pogroms of 1941 In the Lviv pogroms of June and July 1941 , during World War II , an estimated 4,000 -- 9,000 people were killed within the space of one month in Lviv ( also known as Lwów or Lvov ) , many of them Polish Jews . Some confusion has arisen from the conflation of three separate massacres carried out in Lviv at the onset of the Nazi German Operation Barbarossa launched on 22 June 1941 . The first massacre was the killing , by the Soviet Security forces ( NKVD ) , of an estimated 4,000 political prisoners inside the NKVD prisons in Lviv ( some of them Jewish ) immediately prior to the Soviet evacuation . The second massacre was an antisemitic pogrom by local militants , encouraged by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists ( OUN ) , in which 4,000 Jews were killed in the streets immediately before and after the takeover of Lviv by German forces . The third massacre , which was committed by the newly-arrived SS Einsatzgruppe C , specifically targeted Jews , under the guise of retaliation for the killings carried out by the NKVD : 2,500 to 3,000 Jews were herded into a stadium and then taken by lorries to a remote execution site at Janowska . The antisemitic killings culminated before the end of July in the so-called `` Petlura Days '' massacre of more than 2,000 more Jews by Ukrainian nationalists , with the approval of the Nazi administration . Controversy exists regarding the exact dates in which these atrocities took place , the numbers affected , and the sources of information . The confusion is amplified by the political agenda of parties involved , including national viewpoints in a variety of sources as to the alleged involvement in the Lviv civilian massacres by prominent political and historic figures and groups in the massacre , notably Theodor Oberländer , Roman Shukhevych and the Nachtigall Battalion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33c22b5fc5aeb0a6133fa666e5654b41",
"text": "Sparrow Hills Sparrow Hills ( -LSB- : ru : Воробьёвы горы , Воробьёвы го́ры -RSB- , ) , known as Lenin Hills between 1935 and 1999 , is a hill on the right bank of the Moskva River and one of the highest points in Moscow , reaching a height of 220 m , or 60 -- above the river level . The observation platform , which gives a good panoramic view of the city , is on a steep bank 85 m above the river , or 200 m above sea level . The Luzhniki Stadium ( formerly the Lenin Stadium ) , where the opening and closing ceremonies for the 1980 Summer Olympics took place , is right below , across the Moskva River . Next to it is the Novodevichy Convent , with its Naryshkin Baroque towers . Not far from the observation platform is the Luzhniki Metro Bridge . The two-level Metro-Bridge traverses the river to link Komsomolsky Prospekt with Vernadsky Prospekt . It serves two urban transport systems : motor vehicles and the Moscow Metro subway . The glass-walled subway station Vorobyovy Gory is at the lower level of the bridge . The hills , immortalized by many Russian poets and writers , been named after the village Vorobyovo , which was acquired by Grand Duchess Sophia Vitovtovna , Vitovt 's only daughter , from the boyars Vorobyovs in 1453 . Alexander I of Russia wished to build the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour there ; his successor had construction works suspended and the cathedral eventually was erected near the Kremlin . The main landmarks of the hills are the Moscow State University ( at one time the tallest building in Europe ) and the Trinity Church .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96dd7eeff673d295935feb32d862ae7c",
"text": "Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Plant The Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Station in Enerhodar , Ukraine , is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and the third largest in the world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "886f849eea6c8557ecc464f4652bedb9",
"text": "Media portrayal of the Ukrainian crisis Media portrayals of the Ukrainian crisis , including 2014 unrest and the 2014 Ukrainian revolution following the Euromaidan movement , differed widely between Ukrainian , western and Russian media . In particular , the Russian media was accused of propagandizing , and of waging an information war during its coverage of the events . Russian channels were repeatedly criticized for the use of misleading images , false narratives , misrepresentation , suppression , and fabricated news stories , such as a child 's crucifixion and the death of a 10-year-old in shelling . The BBC reported that Russian state television `` appears to employ techniques of psychological conditioning designed to excite extreme emotions of aggression and hatred in the viewer '' , which , according to The Guardian , is part of a coordinated `` informational-psychological war operation '' . A regular theme in the Russian media was that the Ukrainian army , which has many Russian-speaking members , was committing `` genocide '' against Russian-speakers and that they strongly desired Russia to `` protect '' them against Kiev . This presentation contradicted a poll showing that less than 20 % of eastern residents wanted Russia 's protection . There was also no refugee exodus from Kiev , which has a large Russian-speaking population . While asserting that Ukraine was overrun by fascists whom the western media was `` ignoring '' , Russia has forged close relationships with far-right politicians in the West . Its claims about Ukraine were contradicted by Ukrainian election results . Russian media have also denied the Holodomor , a Soviet-organised famine that killed millions of Ukrainians . They supported Russia 's denials of involvement in the Crimean crisis , until Vladimir Putin boasted about the key role of Russian soldiers , and continue denying its involvement in the war in Donbass , despite evidence that Russia regularly shelled across the border .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d0753156361dab3403fd5dcf24f99c5",
"text": "Moscow International Business Center The Moscow International Business Center ( MIBC ) , also known as `` Moscow City '' , ( Московский международный деловой центр `` Москва-Сити '' , Moskovskiy mezhdunarodnıy delovoy tsentr `` Moskva-Citi '' ) is a commercial district in central Moscow , Russia . Located east of the Third Ring Road in the Presnensky District of Central Administrative Okrug , the Moscow City area is currently under development . Construction of the MIBC takes place on the Presnenskaya embankment of the Moscow River , approximately 4 km west of Red Square , and just east of the Third Ring Road . The project occupies an area of 60 hectares , with the territory chosen being the only area in central Moscow that can accommodate such a project . The MIBC is expected to become the first zone in Russia to combine business activity , living space and entertainment in one single development . The Moscow government first conceived the project in 1992 . An estimated 250,000 -- 300,000 people will be working in , living in , or visiting the complex at any given time . MIBC includes 6 skyscrapers with maximum height of 300 meters or more ( Shanghai has 5 , Hong Kong has 6 , Chicago has 6 , New York has 8 ) . Europe 's tallest building , the Federation Tower , is in the MIBC . The complex also includes the second-tallest , third-tallest , fifth-tallest , sixth-tallest , and seventh-tallest buildings in Europe . By 2016 twelve of twenty-three planned facilities of MIBC were already built , seven buildings are in construction and four are in the design stage . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45083159b0ebb1984e67ca90adaac64b",
"text": "Louis Slotin Louis Alexander Slotin ( 1 December 1910 -- 30 May 1946 ) was a Canadian physicist and chemist who worked on the Manhattan Project . During World War II , Slotin conducted research at Los Alamos National Laboratory . He performed experiments with uranium and plutonium cores to determine their critical mass values . On 21 May 1946 , Slotin was conducting a demonstration when he accidentally initiated a fission reaction , which released a burst of hard radiation . He received a lethal dose of radiation and died of acute radiation syndrome nine days later . Slotin was the second person to die from a criticality accident , following the death of Harry Daghlian , who had been exposed to radiation by the same core that killed Slotin . Slotin was publicly hailed as a hero by the United States government for reacting quickly and preventing his accident from killing any colleagues . He was later criticized for failing to follow protocol during the experiment . Others were injured and may have died from nuclear related exposure some years later . With the end of World War II , the work to build additional nuclear devices was less urgent , and the accident halted work for a while until increased safety protocols were implemented at Los Alamos . The incident and its aftermath have been dramatized in several fictional and non-fiction accounts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c412d1b43910de9916a582d0d37edd3",
"text": "1984 Tbilisi gas explosion The 1984 Tbilisi gas explosion was a gas explosion in a nine-storey apartment block in Tbilisi , Georgia on 2 December 1984 that killed at least 100 people .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35fe4f893b3f7bf1f005d996ca1b3cbd",
"text": "L'Ambiance Plaza collapse The L'Ambiance Plaza collapse was one of the worst disasters in modern Connecticut history . L'Ambiance Plaza was a 16-story residential project under construction in Bridgeport , Connecticut at the corner of Washington Avenue and Coleman Street . Its partially erect frame completely collapsed on April 23 , 1987 , killing 28 construction workers . Failure was possibly due to high concrete stresses on the floor slabs by the placement process resulting in cracking ending in a type of punch through failure . Several observers suggested the collapse was preventable and highlighted the deficiencies of the lift slab construction technique . This collapse prompted a major nationwide federal investigation into lift slab construction as well as a temporary moratorium on its use in Connecticut . In November 1988 , less than two years after the disaster , a $ 41 million settlement of all legal claims arising from a disaster was achieved through mediation , avoiding years of potential litigation . Two judges -- Robert C. Zampano of U.S. District Court and Frank S. Meadow of Connecticut Superior Court -- mediated the dispute `` through informal conferences among nearly 100 lawyers representing the victims ' families and 40 contractors and subcontractors . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dee14020b6ebb1d239ff76676af83510",
"text": "Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant is a nuclear power plant located in the town of Sosnovy Bor in Russia 's Leningrad Oblast , on the southern shore of the Gulf of Finland , some 70 km to the west of the city centre of Saint Petersburg . It consists of four nuclear reactors of the RBMK-1000 type . These reactors are similar to reactors No. 1 and 2 of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant . Two units of the VVER-1200 type are under construction at Power Plant II to replace the current RBMK reactors when they reach the end of their service lives . On 25 October 2008 , Saint Petersburg Atomenergoproekt began concreting the foundation plate of the reactor building of the Leningrad Nuclear Power Plant II , Unit 1 . Cost of the project is estimated to be almost 70 billion Russian ruble ( RUR ) . A construction licence was issued on 22 July 2009 . From May 2012 to December 2013 , Unit 1 was offline while repairs were made related to some deformed graphite moderator blocks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcf43a4ba988ca745a3538ca95e70b99",
"text": "1953 Soviet nuclear tests The Soviet Union 's 1953 nuclear test series was a group of 5 nuclear tests conducted in 1953 . These tests followed the 1949-51 Soviet nuclear tests series and preceded the 1954 Soviet nuclear tests series . -RCB- 279 m + 30 m | air drop , weapons development | RDS-6s | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | aka RDS-6s . First thermonuclear explosion . Used `` sloika '' Layer-cake method , where primary is wrapped in shells of lithium and tamper . It worked , but could not be scaled up to megaton yields . | - ! 5 Tatyana ( Joe 5 ) | 02:00 : ?? | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 289 m + 600 m | air drop , weapons development | RDS-4 | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | Test of first production tactical weapon , used on Tu-4 and Tu-16 jets . | - ! 6 ( Joe 6 ) | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 255 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | - ! 7 | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 220 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | - ! 8 ( Joe 7 ) | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | ALMT ( 6 hrs ) | | Ground Zero , Semipalatinsk , Kazakhstan ~ | 280 m + 260 m | air drop , weapons development | | style = `` text-align : center ; '' | | | | | -RCB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97f28f8e10732a11480542a6f6ceecb7",
"text": "Donetsk Oblast Donetsk Oblast ( Доне́цька о́бласть , Donets ` ka oblast ' ; also referred to as Donechchyna -- Донеччина Donechchyna ; Доне́цкая о́бласть , Donetskaya oblast -LSB- dɐˈnʲɛtskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ -RSB- ) is an oblast ( province ) of eastern Ukraine . It is the most populated oblast , with around 4.5 million residents . Its administrative center is Donetsk ; however , its Regional State Administration was relocated to Mariupol , a temporary measure due to the ongoing crisis in Donetsk . Historically , the region is an important part of the Donbas region . Until November 1961 , it bore the name Stalino Oblast , as its capital Donetsk was named Stalino in honour of Joseph Stalin at that time . The oblast is known for its urban sprawl and is often associated with mining industry . On April 7 , 2014 , following the annexation of Crimea by Russia , separatists occupying the Donetsk Oblast administrative building declared independence from Ukraine and held a referendum on separating from Ukraine on May 11 , 2014 . Subsequently , the War in Donbass started . After Donetsk was under control of the separatist government , the Donetsk Oblast administration was relocated to Mariupol , and later to Kramatorsk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d975b1944bd573d3e615008e1cc772c6",
"text": "Belarusian nuclear power plant The Belarusian nuclear power plant is a multi-reactor nuclear power plant project in Belarus . Initial plans were announced in the 1980s , but were suspended after the 1986 Chernobyl disaster . The drive for the current project was fueled by the Russia-Belarus energy dispute in 2007 . The project foresees construction of two nuclear reactors between 2016 and 2020 , and probably two more reactors by 2025 . The reactors would be supplied by Atomstroyexport and the plant would be located in the Astravets district , Hrodna voblast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "063a66c5815e225899a9c94f60268d2a",
"text": "WASH-740 WASH-740 was a report published by the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission ( USAEC ) in 1957 . This report , called `` Theoretical Possibilities and Consequences of Major Accidents in Large Nuclear Power Plants '' ( also known as `` The Brookhaven Report '' ) , estimated maximum possible damage from a meltdown with no containment building at a large nuclear reactor . The conclusions of this study estimated the possible effects of a `` maximum credible accident '' for nuclear reactors then envisioned as being 3400 deaths , 43,000 injuries and property damage of $ 7 billion ( $ 57bn adjusted for inflation in 2012 since 1957 ) . The estimate of probability was one in a hundred thousand to one in a billion per reactor-year . When WASH-740 was revised in 1964-65 to account for the larger reactors then being designed , the new figures indicated that there could be as many as 45,000 deaths , 100,000 injuries , and $ 17 billion in property damage ( $ 125bn adjusted for inflation since 1964 ) . However ; the assumptions underlying the results were unrealistic ( including the worst meteorological conditions , no containment building , and that half the reactor core is released into the atmosphere as micrometre-sized pellets without any examination of how this might occur ) . These were due to conservatism ( estimating the maximum possible damage ) and the need to use atomic bomb fallout data , which had been collected from tests ( computers in 1955 being greatly insufficient to do the calculations ) . As knowledge , models and computers improved the conclusions of this report were replaced by those of first WASH-1400 ( 1975 , The Rasmussen Report ) , then CRAC-II ( 1982 ) , and most recently NUREG-1150 ( 1991 ) . Now all of these studies are considered obsolete ( see the disclaimer to NUREG-1150 ) , and are being replaced by the State-of-the-Art Reactor Consequence Analyses study .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77bf41e25d44fa199e6385355dfef226",
"text": "Dirty bomb A dirty bomb or radiological dispersal device ( RDD ) is a speculative radiological weapon that combines radioactive material with conventional explosives . The purpose of the weapon is to contaminate the area around the dispersal agent/conventional explosion with radioactive material , serving primarily as an area denial device against civilians . It is however not to be confused with a nuclear explosion , such as a fission bomb , which by releasing nuclear energy produces blast effects far in excess of what is achievable by the use of conventional explosives . Though an RDD would be designed to disperse radioactive material over a large area , a bomb that uses conventional explosives and produces a blast wave would be far more lethal to people than the hazard posed by radioactive material that may be mixed with the explosive . At levels created from probable sources , not enough radiation would be present to cause severe illness or death . A test explosion and subsequent calculations done by the United States Department of Energy found that assuming nothing is done to clean up the affected area and everyone stays in the affected area for one year , the radiation exposure would be `` fairly high '' , but not fatal . Recent analysis of the nuclear fallout from the Chernobyl disaster confirms this , showing that the effect on many people in the surrounding area , although not those in close proximity , was almost negligible . Since a dirty bomb is unlikely to cause many deaths by radiation exposure , many do not consider this to be a weapon of mass destruction . Its purpose would presumably be to create psychological , not physical , harm through ignorance , mass panic , and terror . For this reason dirty bombs are sometimes called `` weapons of mass disruption '' . Additionally , containment and decontamination of thousands of victims , as well as decontamination of the affected area might require considerable time and expense , rendering areas partly unusable and causing economic damage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb7d6f051b7f63bd89097bfbc0e29777",
"text": "Vorkutlag The Vorkutlag , sometimes Vorkuta Gulag , was one of the major Soviet era GULAG labor camps , full name Воркутинский исправительно-трудовой лагерь ( Vorkuta Corrective Labor Camp ) . It was located in the Pechora River Basin , in the Komi Republic , part of the Siberian region of Russia , located 1,900 km from Moscow and 160 km above the Arctic Circle . Vorkuta Gulag was established in 1932 to exploit the resources of the Pechora Coal Basin , the second largest coal basin in the former U.S.S.R. . The city of Vorkuta was established to support the camp . There were approximately 132 sub-camps in the Vorkuta Gulag system during the height of its use in the Soviet prison system . From 1939 , Polish prisoners were held here until Russia joined the allies , after it was attacked by Germany . The camp was then also used to hold German P.O.W.s captured on the Eastern Front in World War II as well as Soviet citizens and those from Soviet occupied countries deemed to be dissidents and enemies of the state during the Soviet era . Although the camp was closed in 1962 there are large numbers of Soviet citizens who were former prisoners still living in Vorkuta , originally due to their former status as enemies of the state , then as a result of their poor financial situation . Memorial , a Russian human rights organization that focuses on recording and publicising the human rights violations of the Soviet Union 's totalitarian era , estimates that of the 40,000 people collecting state pensions in the Vorkuta area 32,000 are trapped former gulag inmates , or their descendants . Inmates at Vorkuta who were forced to work in the region 's coal mines went on strike during the Vorkuta uprising in July 1953 . The mostly passive strike which lasted approximately two weeks was put down on August 1 , when camp chief Derevyanko ordered troops to fire at the strikers resulting in the deaths of at least 53 workers , although estimates vary .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9a4a61b6e4e9dbbd4164403b80dc999a | Eric Singer has done a performance with Alice Cooper. | [
{
"docid": "cda6246834e0beb2725684bde3542b38",
"text": "Eric Singer Eric Singer ( born Eric Doyle Mensinger ; May 12 , 1958 ) is an American hard rock and heavy metal drummer , best known as a member of Kiss , portraying The Catman originally played by Peter Criss . He has also performed with artists such as Black Sabbath , Alice Cooper , Lita Ford , Badlands , and Gary Moore as well as his own band ESP . In his career , Singer has appeared on over 75 albums and 11 EPs .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "8f89cabe2cd3b8dff63c9b8f5a0bda0e",
"text": "King Biscuit Flower Hour: Greatest Hits Live King Biscuit Flower Hour : Greatest Hits Live is a compilation live album by the progressive rock supergroup Emerson , Lake & Palmer . It features tracks from two different tours : The 1973-1974 Brain Salad Surgery Tour , and the 1977 Works Tour . Almost all the material included here had been released before on other live albums : The five songs from the Brain Salad Surgery tour ( Tracks 11-15 ) were originally included on the 1974 triple Welcome Back My Friends to the Show That Never Ends ... Ladies and Gentlemen , and four songs from the Works tour ( `` Peter Gunn Theme , '' `` Tiger in a Spotlight , '' `` C'est la Vie '' and `` The Enemy God Dances with the Black Spirits '' ) had appeared in 1979 as part of Emerson , Lake & Palmer in Concert . In Concert was re-released in 1993 as a two-disc set under the title Works Live , adding seven new tracks . Two of those seven ( `` Maple Leaf Rag '' and `` Watching Over You '' ) have been included here too . That makes eleven tracks . The remaining four tracks are available legally for the first time : A piano adaptation of the first movement of Keith Emerson 's Piano Concerto No. 1 ( mislabelled as `` Piano Improvisation '' ) , a short Carl Palmer solo , and performances of `` Fanfare for the Common Man '' and `` Pirates . '' The version of `` Fanfare '' included here is a performance without the orchestra the band used on some concerts during the tour . One version with the orchestra is available on Works Live . Also , the recording of `` Pirates '' is , maybe , the unique registered live recording of the track during the Works tour and was originally featured on the bootleg album Works : Volume 1/2 . It does not feature the orchestra as by the time of this recording , the orchestra had been dissolved due to lack of funds to pay them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6a743fe366b10d43140f9ccfe5b76a6",
"text": "Eric Clapton Eric Patrick Clapton , ( born 1945 ) , is an English rock and blues guitarist , singer , and songwriter . He is the only three-time inductee to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame : once as a solo artist and separately as a member of the Yardbirds and Cream . Clapton has been referred to as one of the most important and influential guitarists of all time . Clapton ranked second in Rolling Stone magazine 's list of the `` 100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time '' and fourth in Gibson 's `` Top 50 Guitarists of All Time '' . He was also named number five in Time magazine 's list of `` The 10 Best Electric Guitar Players '' in 2009 . In the mid-1960s Clapton left the Yardbirds to play with John Mayall & the Bluesbreakers . Immediately after leaving Mayall , Clapton formed the power trio Cream with drummer Ginger Baker and bassist Jack Bruce , in which Clapton played sustained blues improvisations and `` arty , blues-based psychedelic pop '' . Furthermore , he formed blues rock band Blind Faith with Baker , Steve Winwood , and Ric Grech . For most of the 1970s Clapton 's output bore the influence of the mellow style of J. J. Cale and the reggae of Bob Marley . His version of Marley 's `` I Shot the Sheriff '' helped reggae reach a mass market . Two of his most popular recordings were `` Layla '' , recorded with Derek and the Dominos ; and Robert Johnson 's `` Crossroads '' , recorded with Cream . Following the death of his son Conor in 1991 , Clapton 's grief was expressed in the song `` Tears in Heaven '' , which was featured on his Unplugged album . Clapton has been the recipient of 18 Grammy Awards , and the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to Music . In 2004 he was awarded a CBE at Buckingham Palace for services to music . In 1998 , Clapton , a recovering alcoholic and drug addict , founded the Crossroads Centre on Antigua , a medical facility for recovering substance abusers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af69a1c268debe39af1fb7f362bc0e15",
"text": "Éric Estève Éric Estève ( b. 14 Jul 1951 ) is a French author , composer and singer . Originally discovered by Véronique Sanson ( Stephen Stills ' former wife ) at the age of 17 , Estève recorded on Epic . Veronique offered Éric the first part of her show and used him as a background vocalist in her own show as well as on the albums Live At the Olympia 1976 , Hollywood and 7e . Their mutual friend and producer Bernard Saint-Paul affectionately refers to the sound of Éric and Véronique 's voices singing together as `` the blend '' . In 1978 , Michel Berger and Luc Plamondon offered Éric the part of Ziggy in their rock opera Starmania . The original Starmania lineup included Daniel Balavoine , Claude Dubois , Diane Dufresne , France Gall , René Joly , Fabienne Thibeault , and Nanette Workman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc537674f91ab1f4ccea2d59ac584b65",
"text": "Classic Albums Live Classic Albums Live is a concert series based in Toronto , Ontario , in which musicians perform a classic rock album in its entirety . The series was founded in 2003 by Craig Martin , a musician who had previously produced a series of boutique cabaret shows as well as composed music for television and film . The musicians go to great lengths to faithfully recreate every sound on the original album . They have performed with orchestras , sitarists , choirs and schools . The shows are treated like recitals with the album being performed in its entirety followed by a ` greatest hits ' set of the featured artist . Albums that have been performed include Led Zeppelin 's Led Zeppelin , Led Zeppelin II and Led Zeppelin IV , Bruce Springsteen 's Born to Run , Supertramp 's Crime of the Century and Breakfast in America , the Rolling Stones ' Sticky Fingers and Exile on Main St. , Fleetwood Mac 's Rumours , Eagles ' Hotel California , Guns N ' Roses ' Appetite for Destruction , Pink Floyd 's The Dark Side of the Moon , Wish You Were Here , The Wall and Animals , Queen 's A Night at the Opera , and the Beatles albums Rubber Soul , Revolver , Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , The Beatles ( AKA the `` White Album '' ) , and Abbey Road . In recent years , the series has presented concerts in a variety of cities , including Orlando , Florida , Los Angeles , Philadelphia , Akron , La Mirada , Jacksonville , Gainesville , Lakeland , Coral Springs , New York , New Jersey , Dallas , Houston , Uncasville , Connecticut , Las Vegas , Nevada , and Rochester , New York . On December 17 , 2006 , Classic Albums Live performed the entire 213-song Beatles song catalogue in one 13-hour concert at the Phoenix Concert Theatre in Toronto . A different lineup performs each album . There is a group of core musicians who are frequently part of the performances , including Nick Hildyard , Rob Phillips , Lindsay Clark , Leslea Keurvorst , Troy Feener , Clifton David , Dom Polito and Marty Morin . Occasionally , more famous Canadian musicians are brought in as well , including Mia Sheard , Kim Bingham , Nicholas Walsh , and ex-members of Moist . In some venues , they will bring in local musicians to fill needed spots . For example , on June 16 , 2006 , the group performed the Beatles ' Sgt. Pepper album at the Hard Rock Live in Orlando ; they brought in the Orlando Philharmonic Orchestra to fill in on the orchestral parts . When performing in Toronto , they usually play at Massey Hall . The producer of Classic Albums Live has created a musical called Gig which will run in 2016 . List of albums performed : The Beatles ' catalogue Led Zeppelin Led Zeppelin II Led Zeppelin IV Houses of the Holy Physical Graffiti In Through the Out Door Meddle The Dark Side of the Moon Animals Wish You Were Here The Wall A Night at the Opera Who 's Next Are You Experienced Boston Crime of the Century Breakfast in America The Last Waltz Rust Never Sleeps Harvest The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars OK Computer Ten Nevermind Regatta de Blanc Outlandos d'Amour The Joshua Tree London Calling Band on the Run Texas Flood Let It Bleed Sticky Fingers Some Girls Exile on Main St. Appetite for Destruction Highway to Hell Back in Black Born to Run Hotel California Rumours The Doors L.A. Woman Legend Pearl Paranoid Van Halen Thriller Purple Rain Nothing 's Shocking Woodstock 2112 Saturday Night Fever A Very Lennon Christmas Elton John Greatest Hits",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb068d9949e662374bd0a23e8c94d46d",
"text": "Eric Knight (musician) Eric Knight is an American singer-songwriter , multi-instrumentalist , record producer , artist manager , entrepreneur , and entertainment industry professional originally from the Miami suburb of Hialeah . Eric Knight is the founder and lead singer for Los Angeles rock group , Disciples of Babylon , as well as Founder and CEO of artist management agency , Persistent Management .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a82d98c652f2bac5f1ffece430e61fc7",
"text": "Bill Anderson (singer) James William Anderson III ( born November 1 , 1937 ) , known as Bill Anderson , is an American country music singer , songwriter and television personality . He has been a member in long standing of the weekly Grand Ole Opry radio program and stage performance in Nashville , Tennessee . He has released more than 40 studio albums and has reached No. 1 on the country charts seven times : `` Mama Sang a Song '' ( 1962 ) , `` Still '' ( 1963 ) , `` I Get the Fever '' ( 1966 ) , `` For Loving You '' ( with Jan Howard , 1967 ) , `` My Life ( Throw It Away If I Want To ) '' ( 1969 ) , `` World of Make Believe '' ( 1974 ) , and `` Sometimes '' ( with Mary Lou Turner , 1976 ) . Twenty-nine more of his singles have reached the top ten . One of the most successful songwriters in country music history , Anderson is also a popular singer , earning the nickname `` Whisperin ' Bill '' for his soft vocal style and occasional spoken narrations . Artists who have recorded his material include Ray Price , Wanda Jackson , Connie Smith , Lynn Anderson , Jim Reeves , Conway Twitty , Eddy Arnold , Roy Clark , Con Hunley , Lefty Frizzell , Brad Paisley , Kenny Chesney , and George Strait . Bill Anderson had his own television show in the 1960s . Anderson has made several television appearances , including two stints as a game show host : The Better Sex ( with co-host Sarah Purcell ) in 1977 , and the country music-themed quiz show Fandango ( 1983 -- 1989 ) on The Nashville Network . He has also hosted an interview show called Opry Backstage and was a producer of a talent show called You Can Be a Star , hosted by fellow Opry member Jim Ed Brown , both shows on the former Nashville Network , and has made guest appearances on several other television series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbf12d2bb5d113ea623904d5527bf257",
"text": "Eric Ineke Eric Ineke ( born Haarlem , April 1 , 1947 ) is a Dutch jazz drummer who started his career in the 1960s . In 1969 he made his first record with tenor saxophonist Ferdinand Povel and through the years he has played with the Rob Agerbeek Quintet , the Rein de Graaff/Dick Vennik Quartet , the Ben van den Dungen/Jarmo Hoogendijk Quintet and the Piet Noordijk Quartet . During his career he has also played with numerous international , mainly American soloists like Dexter Gordon , Johnny Griffin , George Coleman , Shirley Horn , Dizzy Gillespie , Al Cohn , Grant Stewart , Jimmy Raney , Barry Harris , Eric Alexander and Dave Liebman , recorded numerous CD 's and appeared at many national and international jazz festivals ( North Sea Jazz Festival , Nice Jazz Festival , Pescara Jazz , San Remo , Athens , Toronto Jazz Festival , Montreal International Jazz Festival and New York ) . For more than 35 years he has been the drummer of the Rein de Graaff Trio and since 2006 has led the Eric Ineke JazzXpress , a quintet in the hard-bop tradition . With this quintet , Eric Ineke got invited in 2011 by the American Jazz Museum in Kansas City with jazz singer Deborah Brown where they did a few performances , including one on Kansas Public Radio and a CD recording produced by Bobby Watson . In October 2016 , the JazzXpress presented its latest album Dexternity on the Dutch television in `` Vrije Geluiden '' of the VPRO . Eric Ineke also teaches at the Royal Conservatory of The Hague . Eric Ineke is giving masterclasses all around the world . In April 2012 he released his first book The Ultimate Sideman , in conversation with Dave Liebman . On April 1 2017 Eric Ineke turned 70 and celebrated this with a ` Eric Ineke 70 Super Jam ' in the Bimhuis , Amsterdam . During the first half of the concert , Alderwoman of the Amsterdam city council Simone Kukenheim honored Eric Ineke with a Knightage in the ` Orde van Oranje Nassau ' for his unbridled dedication to the Dutch Jazz scene .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe4b02b1151ef6dc0b2b2f9be0bcbd10",
"text": "Upstairs at Eric's Upstairs at Eric 's is the debut album by British synthpop duo Yazoo ( known in the US and Canada as Yaz ) , released in the UK on Mute Records on 20 August 1982 . It was produced by the band and E.C. Radcliffe , with assistance from Mute label boss Daniel Miller on some of the tracks . Named after producer Radcliffe 's Blackwing Studios where the album was recorded , Upstairs at Eric 's was preceded by two top three UK singles , the ballad `` Only You '' and the more uptempo `` Do n't Go '' . The singles ' success helped Upstairs at Eric 's reach number 2 in the UK Albums Chart and gain platinum certification for 300,000 copies sold in the UK . Against the group 's wishes , `` Situation '' , originally the B-side of `` Only You '' in the UK and Europe , was released as the band 's debut single in the US and Canada , where a remixed version of the song by DJ François Kevorkian was a hit in the clubs and reached # 1 on Billboard '' 's Club Play Singles chart . On the Billboard Hot 100 chart `` Situation '' was a minor hit in the US , peaking at # 73 , while in Canada it made the top 40 , peaking at # 31 . The North American version of the album subsequently substituted the remixed version of `` Situation '' for the UK album track `` Tuesday '' . Upstairs at Eric 's '' reached # 92 on the Billboard 200 album chart in the US and # 49 on the Canadian album chart . The album track `` Midnight '' was later sampled by Rex the Dog for his 2008 dance hit `` Bubblicious '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dda3485e58254af0d76bd47d8629ab90",
"text": "I Never Cry `` I Never Cry '' is a song by Alice Cooper . It was originally released on his Alice Cooper Goes to Hell album in 1976 . The song was written by Cooper and Dick Wagner . The song reached number 12 on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number nine on Cash Box in January 1977 . In Canada , it spent two weeks at number five . On an episode of his radio show broadcast on November 23 , 2009 Cooper stated that `` I Never Cry '' was his biggest selling single , though he did not supply evidence The song was , however , his only gold record in the US besides his comeback hit in 1989 , `` Poison '' . `` I Never Cry '' was written about Cooper 's experience with alcoholism , which one year later sent the performer into rehab . He called the song `` an alcoholic confession '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb33b6a43945e8d3e626c877419931aa",
"text": "Let's All Sing with The Chipmunks Let 's All Sing With the Chipmunks is the debut album of Alvin and the Chipmunks . It is an interactive children 's novelty album . The songs on the record are a mixture between cover versions of children 's songs in the public domain and customized original musical material . It contains the A-sides of the Chipmunks ' first three singles : `` The Chipmunk Song ( Christmas Do n't Be Late ) '' , `` Alvin 's Harmonica '' and `` Ragtime Cowboy Joe '' . The artist credit on the original release was listed as David Seville and the Chipmunks ( changed to `` Alvin , Simon and Theodore with David Seville '' on the revised 1961 cover ) . First pressings of the album were on red vinyl . Despite the album 's success , it was one of four original Chipmunks albums not included in a 1987-1990 CD reissue program ( the others were The Chipmunk Songbook , The Chipmunks See Doctor Dolittle , and The Chipmunks Go To The Movies ) . ( However , every track from the album has been available at one time or another on various compilation CDs . ) On April 8 , 2008 , Let 's All Sing with the Chipmunks finally was reissued on compact disc ( Capitol 509992 08853 28 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11566b5f0938760e740c3a6c9019b672",
"text": "The Last Temptation (Alice Cooper album) The Last Temptation is the 20th studio album by rock singer , Alice Cooper , released in July 1994 via Epic Records . It centers on a boy named Steven ( also the name of the protagonist in Cooper 's earlier work , Welcome to My Nightmare ) , and a mysterious showman . The showman , with apparent supernatural abilities , attempted with the use of twisted versions of morality plays to persuade Steven to join his traveling show , `` The Theater of the Real - The Grand-est Guignol ! '' , where he would `` never grow up '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9312668274f6eb99103ae8cee6e06cf9",
"text": "Alice Boman Alice Boman is a singer-songwriter from Malmo , Sweden . She recorded her first EP , Skisser ( which means `` sketches '' in Swedish ) in her bedroom , never intending it to be publicly released . She treated the recordings like demos , and sent them to a studio with the intention of getting the songs professionally recorded . However , she said that `` the guy at the studio liked -LSB- the demos -RSB- so much that he sent them to Adrian Recordings , and they wanted to release them . '' The EP came out on Adrian Recordings on the 22nd of May 2013 , and it has since been re-released on limited edition vinyl . An EP containing remixes of Skisser tracks ` Waiting ' and ` Skiss 2 ' was digitally released in November 2013 . It contained remixes by 1987 , NATTEN , Summer Heart , Kalter and PAL . A video for ` Skiss 3 ' was released in January 2014 , directed by Henric Claesson at Studio Pop .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49e6183083dda6dbb8552eaf7ebe65a4",
"text": "24 Years of Hunger 24 Years of Hunger is a pop music album released in 1991 by & Alice , the collaboration of Eg White and Alice Temple . 24 Years of Hunger was critically acclaimed , although it failed to chart . It is the only album that the duo ever released . Allmusic describes 24 Years of Hunger as `` one of the finest , most refined and fully realized recordings of the era , employing a much more sophisticated and romantic style than anything else out of England at the time '' . Allmusic also notes the accolades that 24 Years of Hunger album received from other music critics : `` Recorded by the pair when they were mere twentysomethings , and predominantly in Eg White 's home , it is nevertheless about as grown-up and elegant as pop music gets . A decade after the recording had all but vanished from circulation , rainsound.net had taken to calling it `` one of the classic albums of the '90s , '' while Q Magazine went a step further when it placed the record on its list of best albums of the 20th century , describing it as having `` the class of Steely Dan and the intriguing detachment of the Blue Nile . '' '' Martin Rowsell , in The Rough Guide to Rock , notes that while reviewers compared the album to Prefab Sprout and Prince , and Alice cited their own musical influences as John Lennon , Traveling Wilburys , Joe Jackson , Joni Mitchell and Curtis Mayfield . Noting the huge discrepancy between the album 's critical and commercial success , Rowsell speculates that White 's songwriting may have been too personal for mainstream acceptance at the time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bb2633cd20c99105b7fca2c618f4e1e",
"text": "The Strange Case of Alice Cooper The Strange Case of Alice Cooper is a live concert video released in September 1979 , of Alice Cooper performing with his backing band The Ultra Latex Band . The concert was filmed on April 9 , 1979 during Cooper 's ` Madhouse Rock ' Tour in San Diego , California , at the San Diego Sports Arena , in support of the album From The Inside . Two songs that were performed during the filming , All Strapped Up and Dead Babies , were omitted from the film for unknown reasons . A DVD version , with audio commentary by Alice Cooper , was released May 22 , 2012 via Shout ! Factory as a US-only release . Shout ! Factory has also made the movie available digitally on their network for streaming and download .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bd8af40bad9af60b6e40673b746a063",
"text": "Country Music Association The Country Music Association ( CMA ) was founded in 1958 in Nashville , Tennessee . It originally consisted of only 233 members and was the first trade organization formed to promote a music genre . The objectives of the organization are to guide and enhance the development of Country Music throughout the world ; to demonstrate it as a viable medium to advertisers , consumers , and media ; and to provide a unity of purpose for the Country Music industry . However the CMA may be best known to most country music fans for its annual Country Music Association Awards broadcast live on network television each fall ( usually October or November ) . Initially , CMA 's Board of Directors included nine directors and five officers . Wesley Rose , president of Acuff-Rose Publishing , Inc. , served as CMA 's first chairman of the board . Broadcasting entrepreneur and executive Connie B. Gay was the founding president . Originally there were nine individual membership categories . The current 15 categories represent all facets of the music industry . Organizational memberships are also available . CMA membership is composed of those persons or organizations that are involved in Country Music , directly and substantially . The first CMA Awards ceremony was held in 1967 in Nashville . Sonny James and Bobbie Gentry hosted the event , which was not televised . The winner of the first `` Entertainer of the Year '' award was singer Eddy Arnold . `` Male Vocalist of the Year '' went to Jack Greene and `` Female Vocalist of the Year '' to Loretta Lynn . In 1968 , Roy Rogers and Dale Evans hosted the awards , which were presented at the Ryman Auditorium in Nashville . ( The ceremony was filmed and televised on NBC a few weeks later . ) The first live telecast of the show was in 1969 . Annual awards are given in the following twelve categories : Entertainer of the Year , Male Vocalist , Female Vocalist , New Artist of the Year ( formerly the Horizon Award ) , Vocal Group , Vocal Duo , Single , Album , Song , Music Event , Music Video , and Musician . The CMA also gives a `` CMA Broadcast Award '' to country-formatted radio stations each year . Broadcast Awards are segmented based on market size , major market ( Arbitron Ranking 1 -- 25 ) , large market ( Arbitron Ranking 26 -- 50 ) , medium market ( Arbitron Ranking 51 -- 100 ) , and small market ( All other Markets ) . A single station can not win the award in consecutive years . In honor of the association 's 50th anniversary , MCA Nashville released a song called `` Forever Country '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee34a5efefe9af303cfbf8bf66b9ba52",
"text": "Billy James (publicist) Billy James is a publicist and talent scout ; best known for his work in the 1960s and 1970s discovering and developing musical talent for record companies such as Columbia , Elektra , and RCA Records . As a young publicist for Columbia , James became Bob Dylan 's emissary at the label and was reportedly one of the only `` suits '' Dylan trusted ; he conducted for CBS the earliest available taped interview with Dylan , of which a fragment is available . Sent to the West Coast , James found himself in the middle of the West Coast music scene . He wrote liner notes for The Byrds ' first album , Mr. Tambourine Man , and brought artists such as The Doors and Jackson Browne to the attention of Elektra Records . In 1966 , he managed the folk singer Penny Nichols , who was hired by The Sandpipers , but sang with them on just one concert at San Diego . James was respected by artists and his peers for his humor , irreverence , intelligence and integrity in an industry that rarely fostered the latter . By the early 1980s , James left the record business and worked for a time as an advocate for songwriters at the National Academy of Songwriters and as a Board member for the local chapter of NARAS . In the 1990s , James worked as publicist in the high-tech world . In 2016 , James 2013 interview was featured in Danny Says alongside Danny Fields , Iggy Pop & Alice Cooper . Semi-retired , he lives with his wife and family in Redwood City , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a9939f938f2f455e155a7e9efe975dd",
"text": "Aspen Miller Aspen Vincent ( née Aspen Miller ) is an American Broadway actress , voice actress and pop singer . She played the role of Dodie Bishop in Nickelodeon 's Emmy-nominated As Told by Ginger , she also performed the role of Baby Alice in the Rugrats episode ` Hurricane Alice ' , was the voice of Amanda Payne in the pilot for Constant Payne , and has done voice-over work for several CD-ROM games including three different characters for Everquest II . Vincent sang the National Anthem for the L.A. Lakers , the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim , and the San Diego Chargers and performed in an a cappella group called Groove 66 at Disney California Adventure Park . Early in her professional career she was a regular in the recording studio , recording jingles and commercials , as well as providing singing voices for Disney characters for their touring productions . Aspen spent 2004-2005 in Las Vegas , performing nightly at the Paris Las Vegas as the female lead `` Scaramouche '' in the rock musical We Will Rock You , where she met her future husband , Tony Vincent , a singer and stage actor . From October 2006 through October 2007 , she toured with Meat Loaf as his duet partner and backup vocalist on his `` Seize the Night tour '' , singing such hits as `` I 'd Do Anything for Love '' and `` Paradise by the Dashboard Light '' . She performed with him at the John Labatt Center , London , Ontario for the `` 3 Bats Live '' concert DVD , and is featured on the documentary DVD `` In Search of Paradise '' . Aspen also toured with the cast of Dirty Dancing in America with her husband Tony . Aspen was a swing in the Broadway production of American Idiot , a show featuring songs of the popular band Green Day . Aspen gave birth to her and Tony 's daughter , Sadie Day , on April 3 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30fc4404931da21c7eefb4424d53a04b",
"text": "Eric Hall Eric Hall ( b. 14 January , 1947 ) is a former show business and football agent famous for his flamboyant public persona , outlandish fashion sense and catchphrase `` Monster , monster ... '' . After an early career as a singer ( he sang backing vocals for Tiny Tim ) and actor , he became a publicist for EMI Records in the 1970s . He arranged the Sex Pistols ' notorious , expletive-filled appearance on the Today show in 1976 . Hall grew up in the East End of London and was a friend of Marc Bolan . He had been with Bolan on the night of his death in 1977 . In 1986 a chance meeting with Steve Perryman led to him becoming a football agent and he built up a roster of clients who included Leon Cort , Robbie Savage , Tim Sherwood , John Scales , Neil Ruddock , Terry Venables , Paul Walsh and Dennis Wise . In 1997 he had a health scare when he contracted E.coli poisoning and Septicaemia but he went on to make a full recovery . Since February 2014 Eric has presented `` Eric Hall 's Sports Saturday '' on Essex station Phoenix FM , playing golden oldies and featuring live scores , sporting and celebrity interviews .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26cc098294d6225ad69aff4393e17c8d",
"text": "Del Palmer Derek Peter `` Del '' Palmer ( born 3 November 1952 ) is an English singer , songwriter , bass guitarist and sound engineer , best known for his work with Kate Bush , with whom he also had a long-term relationship between the late 1970s and early 1990s . He released his first solo studio album titled Leap of Faith in 2007 , followed by Gift in 2010 . His third solo album , Point of Safe Return , was released on 6 March 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b60fb8ade1a30a4d90ff0635a69ed841",
"text": "Rock 'n' Roll Animal Rock n Roll Animal is a live album by Lou Reed , released by RCA Records in 1974 . In its original form , it features five songs , four of which are Velvet Underground songs . The musicians were Pentti Glan ( drums ) and Prakash John ( bass ) , Ray Colcord ( keyboards ) , and Dick Wagner and Steve Hunter on guitars . ( The two guitarists would later form the basis of the second Alice Cooper band , beginning on Welcome to My Nightmare , which also features Glan and John . ) The album was recorded live on , at Howard Stein 's Academy of Music in New York City . A sleeper hit , it peaked at # 45 on the Billboard album chart during a twenty-eight-week stay before earning Reed 's first RIAA gold certification in 1978 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
e01873a814b4f49838fab6e964a85927 | Room 93 is by Madonna. | [
{
"docid": "d4da752ba79f2768a697bfc5a99ef588",
"text": "Room 93 Room 93 is the debut extended play ( EP ) by American singer and songwriter Halsey . It was released on October 27 , 2014 by Astralwerks . The project was re-released digitally on March 9 , 2015 , including a new version of `` Ghost '' , this later is also included on the singer 's debut full-length album Badlands . The sound of the EP is rooted on the electropop music genre . A digital remix version of the EP , featuring three remixes for the songs `` Hurricane '' , `` Ghost '' and `` Trouble '' was released on March 3 , 2015 . Along with the remix EP , a `` One Mic , One Take '' EP was released on the same date . `` Trouble ( Stripped ) '' was featured on the promo of the episode `` Best Laid Plans '' of the TV series Once Upon a Time .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4a0f87a0c51325e9aa78937c4bf3effa",
"text": "She Comes in Colors `` She Comes in Colors '' is a song written by Arthur Lee and released by Love as a single in 1966 and on their 1967 album Da Capo . It was also included on a number of Love compilation albums , including Love Revisted and Best of Love and on the multi-artist compilation album Forever Changing : The Golden Age of Elektra 1963-1973 . Although modern critics have praised the song as being `` sublime , '' or a `` timeless jewel '' or as possibly the best song Lee ever wrote , at the time of its release as a single it failed to make the Billboard Hot 100 . Lee and some music critics believed that `` She Comes in Colors '' was a source for the Rolling Stones ' song `` She 's a Rainbow , '' and several music critics and record company executives also believe that it influenced Madonna 's `` Beautiful Stranger , '' although Madonna has denied this . The song was also covered by several artists , including the Hooters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d274ce0861ebf8bce32fcb86260e0d37",
"text": "Beatlemania in the United Kingdom The phenomenon known as Beatlemania originated in the United Kingdom , birthplace of the Beatles , when the band first realised enormous popularity there in 1963 . Returning in 1962 from a highly formative two-year residency in Germany , the Beatles achieved a commercial breakthrough with their second UK single release , `` Please Please Me '' early in 1963 , but gained `` Superstar '' status with the release of `` She Loves You '' later that year . There followed an almost non-stop series of concerts and tours , attended with feverish enthusiasm across the UK , for the whole of the following year . The Beatles ' popularity in the UK came to exceed even that of the notable American artists Tommy Roe , Chris Montez and Roy Orbison , whose UK chart success at the time did not keep them from being overshadowed by the Beatles during their 1963 nationwide tours with the lower-billed band -- an achievement previously unknown for a UK act . With intense media interest in the Beatles during 1963 , the year was also taken up with TV shows , press interviews and a weekly radio show . Despite these demands the band found time for many sessions in the recording studio , releasing two albums and four singles during the year . 1963 was also the year when Lennon 's son Julian was born . By the end of 1963 , Beatlemania would begin to spread internationally . The single `` I Want to Hold Your Hand '' entered the US charts on 18 January 1964 , selling one-and-a-half million copies in under three weeks , and the following month the Beatles made their first visit to America . The great interest in the Beatles brought about a major change in US attitudes to popular music and marked the start of the phenomenon known as the British Invasion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b80b08059e3f2c4c3bda5cbd5507f217",
"text": "Sex Room `` Sex Room '' is a song recorded by Ludacris for his seventh studio album , Battle of the Sexes . The song features Trey Songz , who it was also written by along with Ludacris . It was produced by Kajun and was released as the third single from the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebeefd8ae3a1e0865370fc106e492c6f",
"text": "Planet Rock (song) `` Planet Rock '' is a 1982 song by Afrika Bambaataa & the Soulsonic Force . The song featured Marvella Murray , Yvette Murray , Melissa Johnson and Sandra Wheeler on additional background vocals . Although it was primarily an underground hit in the United States , Canada , and UK , it helped change the foundations of hip-hop and dance music and became one of the most influential pieces and a milestone and eventually an icon of the hip-hop , breakdance and electronic music cultures . It is credited with pioneering the genre and developing the electro style , building on the work of Kraftwerk , Yellow Magic Orchestra , and George Clinton , combined with distinctive Roland TR-808 beats , and helped pave the way for other genres such as techno , house and trance . In November 2004 , `` Planet Rock '' placed at number 240 on Rolling Stone 's list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time and number 10 in About.com 's Top 100 Rap Songs . `` Planet Rock '' peaked at number four on the soul chart and number forty-eight on the Hot 100 , and went to number three on the dance charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20add727916799eac659d7677a528e4f",
"text": "Slip Inside This House `` Slip Inside this House '' is a song originally released by psychedelic rock band The 13th Floor Elevators as the first track on their 1967 album Easter Everywhere . At eight minutes , it is the longest album-released track of the 13th Floor Elevators . It is a good précis of the Elevators ' style , containing most of their common elements -- the electric jug of Tommy Hall , an insistent repetitive fuzz guitar riff , and impassioned vocals by Roky Erickson . In it , Tommy Hall , the lyricist , attempted to embody many of the elements of his psychedelic philosophy , which drew on elements of Eastern religions , Christian mysticism , Alfred Korzybski 's general semantics , and the teachings of Gurdjieff , among other disparate influences . The song was covered by Scottish alternative rock band Primal Scream on their album Screamadelica , by Norwegian band Madrugada , by New York noise rock band Oneida on their album Come on Everybody Let 's Rock , and by Scottish electronic band The Shamen on their 1992 promo Make It Mine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae71a315fbc9f885e862aa6b48a7e098",
"text": "Two Rooms: Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin Two Rooms : Celebrating the Songs of Elton John & Bernie Taupin is a 1991 tribute album consisting of interpretations of sixteen songs written by Elton John and Bernie Taupin . The title refers to a song on John 's album 21 at 33 , `` Two Rooms at the End of the World '' , and to the duo 's unusual collaborative style ; it is also the title of a 1991 film documenting their collaboration . The album gained an uneven reception , though some performances were singled out for praise , including Sinéad O'Connor 's interpretation of `` Sacrifice '' and Kate Bush 's reggae-inflected version of `` Rocket Man '' , which in 2007 won The Observer readers ' award for Greatest Cover of all time . Oleta Adams ' version of `` Do n't Let the Sun Go Down on Me '' , peaked at # 33 in the UK charts . Kate Bush 's `` Rocket Man '' was released as a single and peaked at # 12 in the UK and # 2 in Australia ( where it beat the original version 's chart position by several places ) . Wilson Phillips ' cover of `` Daniel '' , while not released as a single , peaked at # 7 in the US Adult Contemporary chart due to strong radio airplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b385e012070856584bac8122aadb78be",
"text": "Hotel Cabana Hotel Cabana is the debut studio album by British record producer Shahid `` Naughty Boy '' Khan , released from 23 August 2013 through Naughty Boy Recordings and Virgin EMI . Khan set up his Naughty Boy Productions record and production company . He would find his break by producing Chipmunk 's 2009 top-ten single `` Diamond Rings '' , featuring a then unknown Emeli Sandé . Naughty Boy released his own debut single as a signed artist in 2010 . `` Never Be Your Woman '' samples White Town 's 1997 number-one single `` Your Woman '' and featured British grime artist Wiley and Sandé on the chorus ; it reached the top ten in the UK and is included as a bonus track on Hotel Cabana . The collaboration marked the start of a partnership between Naughty Boy and Sandé which is seen throughout Hotel Cabana and Sandé 's debut set , Our Version of Events ( 2012 ) . Hotel Cabana is R&B , soul , garage , pop and hip hop music productions record , with influences from orchestral and Bollywood music . Naughty Boy describes it as an `` audio-visual experience '' and a concept album based on a luxury hotel where musicians come to perform . Hotel Cabana reunites Naughty Boy with Sandé on eight collaborations , as well as features from other British artists such George the Poet , Sam Smith , Bastille , Tinie Tempah , Ella Eyre , Gabrielle , Wretch 32 , Mic Righteous , Maiday , Chasing Grace , Ed Sheeran , and American rapper Wiz Khalifa , who appears on the album 's fourth single overall , `` Think About It '' , with Eyre . Ava Stokes , Tanika , Thabo and RØMANS make additional appearances on the US version of the album which was released by Virgin Records on 6 May 2014 . Prior to release , Hotel Cabana was promoted with several video trailers which included the collaborating artists arriving at the fictional hotel . It was also preceded by the release of three singles , including the two top-ten Sandé collaborations : `` Wonder '' and `` Lifted '' , as well as the UK Singles Chart-topper `` La La La '' ( featuring Sam Smith ) . Upon release , the album received generally favourable reviews from music critics , who praised the production , but with some criticism towards the concept , execution and some collaborations . Hotel Cabana made its chart debuts at number two in the UK , number five in Scotland and twenty-five in Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e59d7efb6f9e2493ba8cf105d458636e",
"text": "Angel (Madonna song) `` Angel '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her second studio album Like a Virgin ( 1984 ) . It was released on April 10 , 1985 by Sire Records as the third single from the album . Written by Madonna and Steve Bray , it was one of the first songs developed for the project and , according to Madonna , was inspired by a girl who is saved by an angel , and she falls in love with him . `` Angel '' was released as a 12 '' single with `` Into the Groove '' in some countries and charted likewise . A music video was initially planned for the release , but was later cancelled . Instead a promotional video comprising clips from her previous videos was released in the United Kingdom . Musically `` Angel '' consists of three chord ascending hook , which serves for the verse and chorus . It has vocal harmonies beneath the main chorus and the lyrics repeat the angel-like image of Madonna 's saviour . Critical response to the song was mixed , with some music critics calling it a classic and others deeming it sub-par compared to Madonna 's previous singles . `` Angel '' became the singer 's fifth consecutive top-five single on the Billboard Hot 100 and reached the top of its dance charts . It was also able to reach number-one in Australia and the top-five of the charts in Canada , Ireland , Japan , New Zealand , Spain and the United Kingdom . Madonna has performed the song only once , on The Virgin Tour in 1985 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9b16c9f794c5967e234626022ed135d",
"text": "Club at the End of the Street `` Club at the End of the Street '' is an up-beat song performed by Elton John and written by Bernie Taupin . From the album Sleeping with the Past , the song describes a night on the town between two lovers at a disclosed nightclub . John also describes the music of Otis Redding and Marvin Gaye being played . An interesting note is the video for the song was animated , due to Elton 's involvement with the family of AIDS victim Ryan White . The record company demanded a video , but Elton was dedicated to spending time with Ryan . The single was a top 30 hit in the US in the summer of 1990 . In Denmark , where the album was recorded , it hit # 1 for two weeks and is still seen as one of Elton 's biggest hits in that country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83b79423c12497cf8a22fa9b005af662",
"text": "The Girlie Show: Live Down Under The Girlie Show : Live Down Under is a video album by American singer-songwriter Madonna . It was released by Warner Music Vision , Warner Reprise Video and Maverick Records on April 25 , 1994 and included a date filmed at Sydney Cricket Ground on November 19 , 1993 from The Girlie Show World Tour . The video was originally broadcast as a TV special on HBO in 1993 under the title Madonna Live Down Under : The Girlie Show . The concert was directed by Mark `` Aldo '' Miceli , who previously directed the TV specials Blond Ambition : Japan Tour 90 and the Barcelona TV special Madonna-Live ! Blond Ambition World Tour 90 ( live from Barcelona Olympic Stadium on August 1 , 1990 and not the version from the HBO special ) . When re-released on DVD in 1998 , the video was the first ever music video in this format along with another Warner Music title The Three Tenors in Concert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1db2ebf5d6d7b3938993fa90fa5e398",
"text": "A Night at the Met A Night at the Met is the third official album release by Robin Williams on August 9 , 1986 . It features segments recorded live at Metropolitan Opera House in New York City . The album won the 1988 Grammy Award for Best Comedy Performance Single or Album , Spoken or Musical . The album was released the year before Williams ' critically acclaimed performance in the motion picture Good Morning , Vietnam ( 1987 ) . He had been shifting his focus from stand-up comedy to film making for several years , and A Night at the Met would be one of his last major concerts during the 1980s . The show is a mix of Williams ' quick-witted humor and voice work , with rants on the topics of drugs , sex , world affairs , and parenting . References to the events and people of the 1980s are mentioned heavily throughout ; U.S. President Ronald Reagan , Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi , and President of the Soviet Union Mikhail Gorbachev are central to many of the jokes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae3cd54fe313bf4a4bdd987479c0a3f5",
"text": "Who's That Girl (1987 film) Who 's That Girl is a 1987 American screwball comedy film written by Andrew Smith and Ken Finkleman , and directed by James Foley . It stars Madonna and Griffin Dunne , and depicts the story of a street-smart girl who is falsely accused of murdering her boyfriend and is sent to jail . After getting released , she meets a man , who is supposed to make sure she gets on her bus back to Philadelphia , and convinces him to help her catch those responsible for her confinement . While searching for the embezzler , they fall in love with each other . After the failure of her 1986 film Shanghai Surprise , Madonna decided to sign another comedy film titled Slammer , which was later renamed to Who 's That Girl . However , she had to convince both Warner Bros. and the producers of the film that she was ready for the project . Madonna enlisted her friend James Foley to direct the film . Shooting began in New York in October 1986 , and continued until March 1987 . Production was halted during December due to snowfall in New York . Madonna utilized the time to work on her next tour and the soundtrack of the film . The film was released on August 7 , 1987 , and was a box office bomb , grossing only $ 2.5 million in its first week , with its final domestic total being about $ 7.3 million . Critics were highly disappointed with the film , and Foley 's direction . Some went on to call it one of the worst films to be released , while others found Madonna 's comic timing to be one of the highlights . However , the Who 's That Girl World Tour went on to be a critical and commercial success , grossing a total of US$ 25 million , and playing in front of audiences totaling 1.5 million people . The soundtrack of the film , though not acclaimed by the critics , enjoyed commercial success . Three of Madonna 's songs , the title track , `` Causing a Commotion '' and `` The Look of Love '' , were released as singles with the title track becoming Madonna 's sixth number one single on the US Billboard Hot 100 . The soundtrack album went on to sell six million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22644cef2584028750d54deb6fe4d199",
"text": "Bathroom singing Bathroom singing , also known as singing in the bathroom , singing in the bath , or singing in the shower , is a widespread phenomenon . Many people sing in the bathroom because the hard wall surfaces , often tiles or wooden panels , and lack of soft furnishings , create an aurally pleasing acoustic environment . The multiple reflections from walls enrich the sound of one 's voice . Small dimensions and hard surfaces of a typical bathroom produce various kinds of standing waves , reverberation and echoes , giving the voice `` fullness and depth . '' This habit was reported ( with an attempt of explanations ) centuries ago . For example , Ibn Khaldun in Chapter 1 of his Muqaddimah writes : The bathroom singer is an ironic reference to mediocre or amateur singers . Jon Anderson had tiles installed in the studio , to simulate the echo effect of one 's vocals in a bathroom . This effect was not used only by singers . Paul Simon wrote : `` Weird Al '' Yankovic in fact in 1979 recorded his first single , `` My Bologna , '' in the bathroom across from the California Polytechnic State University student radio station where he was DJing at the time . `` There 's More to Life Than This '' , the fourth track on Björk 's 1993 album Debut , was recorded live in the toilets of the Milk Bar clubnight , London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a5e47706effb3a7f7c2fa2854ea8f6a",
"text": "A Certain Sacrifice A Certain Sacrifice is a 1985 American drama film co-written and directed by Stephen Jon Lewicki and starring Madonna , Jeremy Pattnosh and Charles Kurtz . It was Madonna 's first movie , filmed around September 1979 , but not released until 1985 . The film is an `` oddball '' independent film , shot on-and-off over two years in New York City for just $ 20,000 . Madonna finished her scenes in the Fall of 1980 . Almost all of the cast were unpaid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fa6135b81cc1ce4c329c3d4d5d34e82",
"text": "Martini In The Morning Martini In The Morning is an internet radio station based in Los Angeles . Martini in the Morning , often shortened to `` MITM '' to resemble traditional radio station call letters , was created when Los Angeles radio station Fabulous 690 XETRA ( originally Fabulous 570 KLAC ) was sold in February 2006 , to become a Spanish language station . Brad ` Martini ' Chambers who created the new , more contemporary `` Adult Standards '' format for his then employers , Clear Channel Radio is the Program Director and principal host along with ` Mother ' Miriam Garfield . The station broadcasts 24 hours a day and is based in Studio City , Ca . Their broadcast format is similar to what is commonly referred to as `` Adult Standards '' , featuring Jazz Standards , primarily songs from what is often referred to as `` The Great American Songbook '' . The station is active in promoting the genre that the `` Great American Songbook '' represents and ensuring this musical genre does not disappear from the air . There were once hundreds of American radio stations programming similar music . There are now fewer than 200 , and many of those are a mix of `` Great American Songbook '' tunes with a larger percentage of more current `` Adult Contemporary '' music . Martini in the Morning features music written by the likes of Hoagy Carmichael , Cole Porter , Irving Berlin , Rodgers and Hart , Rodgers and Hammerstein , Johnny Mercer , Henry Mancini , Jimmy McHugh , Dorothy Fields , Fats Waller , Jerome Kern , Sammy Cahn , Jimmy Van Heusen , and many others , performed by the historical greats like Ella Fitzgerald , Frank Sinatra , Dean Martin , Sammy Davis Jr. , Billie Holiday , Bobby Darin , Dinah Washington as well as the more modern `` crooners '' like Steve Tyrell , Tony Bennett , Diana Krall , Michael Bublé , Michael Feinstein , and established pop/rock and R&B artists crossing over into the genre , such as Sting , Paul McCartney , Rod Stewart , Queen Latifah , Lady Gaga and others . The station is available on-line through various means , using iTunes ( Golden Oldies ) , mobile apps including TuneIn Radio , StreamS HiFi , Reciva , vTuner , Radio Loyalty and others available through the App Store or Marketplace , or you can connect directly via internet address : http://martiniinthemorning.com or watch live in studio on-line during the stations 's `` Morning Show '' 6:00 AM -- 10:00 AM Pacific time at http://www.martiniinthemorning.com/martinivision.html or via Ustream.tv - http://ustream.tv/mitm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf459c30dd2a06412b49ee78b96d4c16",
"text": "Papa Don't Preach `` Papa Do n't Preach '' is a song by American singer Madonna from her third studio album True Blue ( 1986 ) . The song was written by Brian Elliot with additional lyrics by Madonna , and produced by Stephen Bray and Madonna . The song also appears remixed on the 1990 compilation album The Immaculate Collection and in its original form on the 2009 compilation album Celebration . The song 's musical style combines pop and classical styling , and its lyrics deal with teenage pregnancy and abortion . It was based on teen gossip Elliot heard outside his studio , which has a large front window that doubles as a mirror where schoolgirls from the North Hollywood High School in Los Angeles regularly stopped to fix their hair and chat . Released as the album 's second single in mid-1986 , the song was a commercial success . It became Madonna 's fourth number-one single on the Billboard Hot 100 , and performed well internationally , reaching the top position in the United Kingdom and Australia . It was well received by music critics and was frequently cited as a highlight in the album . The music video , directed by James Foley , shows Madonna 's second image makeover , featuring her with a more toned and muscular body , and cropped platinum blonde hair . It portrayed a storyline where Madonna is trying to tell her father about her pregnancy . The images are juxtaposed with shots of Madonna dancing and singing in a small , darkened studio , and spending a romantic evening with her boyfriend . Shortly after its release , the song caused heated discussions about its lyrical content . Women 's organizations and others in the family planning field criticized Madonna for encouraging teenage pregnancy , while groups opposed to abortion saw the song as having a positive pro-life message . Madonna has performed `` Papa Do n't Preach '' in four of her world tours , most recently The MDNA Tour in 2012 . The song also caused her first conflict with the Vatican , as she dedicated it to Pope John Paul II , who urged Italian fans to boycott her concerts during the Who 's That Girl World Tour in 1987 . In 2002 , British singer Kelly Osbourne recorded a hard rock cover of the song which was included as a bonus track on her debut album Shut Up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df58b5190fce90bb96713b39f5d5704a",
"text": "Warp 10: Influences, Classics, Remixes Warp 10 is a series of compilation albums issued by Warp Records in 1999 to celebrate the label 's tenth anniversary . The collection spans three double CD/quadruple vinyl sets , which can be purchased individually . Each volume in the set highlights different phases of electronic music , including influential tracks not originally released by Warp ( licensed specifically for this collection ) , but which helped to shape the artists and musicians who eventually appeared on the label , as well as tracks that influenced the overall sound of the label itself . Warp 10 +1 : Influences ( WARP LP/CD 67 ) contains twenty-two early acid house and techno tracks . Many of these songs are today considered to be the classics of these genres ( when they were in their infancy ) . A number of the tracks had never been available on compact disc before this collection , and seven of the twenty-two were mastered directly from 12 inch vinyl ( from such record labels as Cutting , Trax , Fourth Floor , KMS , Metroplex , 10 , Cause N ' Effect , Transmat , Plezure , and Bassic ) . Spanning the years 1986 through 1990 , the songs represented here were still very much an underground sensation in the United States , however a handful of these songs charted well on the UK singles chart and helped to usher in the acid house craze that swept across Europe in the late 1980s . Warp 10 +2 : Classics 89 -- 92 ( WARP LP/CD 68 ) features eighteen full-length `` classic '' versions and remixes taken directly from the vaults of Warp Records . Tracks appearing here were produced between the years of 1989 and 1992 . As with Warp 10 +1 , many of these tracks appeared previously only on 12 inch vinyl or now out-of-print compilations and EPs . Warp 10 +3 : Remixes ( WARP LP/CD 69 ) contains twenty-six remixes ( of which twenty-five are exclusive to this collection ) of tracks taken from Warp Records ' back catalog . Although all of the original recordings were released by Warp , the remixers are not necessarily Warp Records artists . The original songs span from the years 1990 through 1998 . The album art is the Roger Stevens Building , a lecture hall for the University of Leeds built in the 1970s , and noted for its bizarre brutalist architecture . The quadruple vinyl editions of Influences and Classics 89 -- 92 come in gatefold sleeves , while that of Remixes is packaged as four separate LPs in sleeves inside a hard box . In a 2013 article for Fact Magazine , Simon Reynolds noted that Warp 10 +2 : Classics 89 -- 92 remains one of the only compilations that covers the `` bleep techno '' of the early 1990s : '' -LSB- D -RSB- espite its time-defying excellence , bleep is poorly served in terms of compilations : basically , there 's Warp 's Classics double CD , plus out-of-print comps from the original era . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f9d6c511202bfd4bf48ff6aea09d68a",
"text": "C'Mon People `` C'Mon People '' is a single from Paul McCartney 's 1993 album , Off the Ground . The song reached number 41 on the UK singles chart . McCartney recorded the song for the UK music programme Top Of The Pops . The video for the single was directed by ex-10cc member Kevin Godley and shows McCartney at the piano singing the song while workmen speedily deconstruct it and re-build it around him . The song was a staple of McCartney 's 1993 World Tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6251018bd6faa8506f829d3492c64384",
"text": "99 (song) `` 99 '' is a song by the American rock band Toto . The song appeared on the Hydra album in 1979 . When released as a single , it reached number 26 on the Billboard charts . The song was written as a tribute to George Lucas ' film THX 1138 and the music video resembles a scene in the movie . In the video , as in the movie scene where the main character ( named `` THX-1138 '' ) is imprisoned , the room is completely white and everyone is wearing a white jumpsuit . Toto Legend , the former official International Toto Fan Club newsletter , reviewed the video : ' 99 ' was predominantly a performance video , though the set design was rather conceptual . Following David Paich 's intention regarding the lyrics , about a sterile society in which names are forgotten and love forbidden , the set was sterile white , with various sized sculptured 99 's hanging and standing about , and the band was clad in futuristic white jumpsuits . There were some notable shots in this one -- keyboard close-ups and an artistic view of Jeff through a transparent drum head , a technique that several popular videos have copied since . Guitarist Steve Lukather has since admitted that despite the song 's popularity , it 's one of his least favorite compositions , and has even said he `` downright hated it . '' He called the lyrics `` obtuse . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e54d481523e826d75a75847b030bd6b6",
"text": "Hot Space Hot Space is the tenth studio album by the British rock band Queen , released on 21 May 1982 by EMI Records in the United Kingdom and by Elektra Records in the United States . Marking a notable shift in direction from their earlier work , they employed many elements of disco , funk , rhythm and blues , dance and pop music on the album . This made the album less popular with fans who preferred the traditional rock style they had come to associate with the band . Queen 's decision to record a dance-oriented album germinated with the massive success in the US of their 1980 hit `` Another One Bites the Dust '' ( and to a lesser extent , the UK success of the song ) . `` Under Pressure '' , Queen 's collaboration with David Bowie , was released in 1981 and became the band 's second # 1 hit in the UK . Though included on Hot Space , the song was a separate project and was recorded ahead of the album , before the controversy over Queen 's new disco-influenced rock sound . The album 's second single , `` Body Language '' , peaked at # 11 on the US charts . In July 2004 , Q magazine listed Hot Space as one of the top fifteen albums where great rock acts lost the plot . Most of the album was recorded in Munich during the most turbulent period in the band 's history , and Roger Taylor and Brian May despised the new sound , with both being very critical of the influence Freddie Mercury 's manager Paul Prenter had on the singer . Estimated sales of the album currently stand at 3.5 million copies .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
e0b19261ce36bab4d5ea8fdcae8b396f | Winnipeg is foreign to the Manitoba Moose. | [
{
"docid": "cea27cabd66983f258f5f30b0513359a",
"text": "Winnipeg Winnipeg ( -LSB- ˈwɪnɪpɛɡ -RSB- ) is the capital and largest city of the province of Manitoba in Canada . It is located near the longitudinal centre of North America and is 110 km from the U.S. border . It is also the place of the confluence of the Red and Assiniboine Rivers . The city is named after the nearby Lake Winnipeg ; the name comes from the Western Cree words for muddy water . The region was a trading centre for aboriginal peoples long before the arrival of Europeans . French traders built the first fort on the site in 1738 . A settlement was later founded by the Selkirk settlers of the Red River Colony in 1812 , the nucleus of which was incorporated as the City of Winnipeg in 1873 . As of 2011 , Winnipeg is the seventh most populated municipality in Canada . Being located very far inland , the local climate is extremely seasonal even by Canadian standards with average January lows of around -21 C and average July highs of 26 C. Known as the `` Gateway to the West '' , Winnipeg is a railway and transportation hub with a diversified economy . This multicultural city hosts numerous annual festivals , including the Festival du Voyageur , the Winnipeg Folk Festival , the Jazz Winnipeg Festival , the Winnipeg Fringe Theatre Festival , and Folklorama . Winnipeg was the first Canadian host of the Pan American Games . It is home to several professional sports franchises , including the Winnipeg Blue Bombers ( Canadian football ) , the Winnipeg Jets ( ice hockey ) , Manitoba Moose ( ice hockey ) and the Winnipeg Goldeyes ( baseball ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f21b829edbadcc99ad42ecb56ea2f14c",
"text": "St. François Xavier, Manitoba For the rural municipality , see : Rural Municipality of St. François Xavier St. François Xavier is an unincorporated urban centre located in the southeastern part of the Rural Municipality of St. François Xavier in Manitoba , Canada . It is located about 25 km west of the city of Winnipeg on the Assiniboine River .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9742d31f862a6f128ea143e6382db3c5",
"text": "History of Manitoba Manitoba is one of Canada 's 10 provinces , and the easternmost of the Prairie Provinces . Fur traders first arrived in what is now Manitoba during the late 17th century . It was officially recognized by the Federal Government in 1870 as separate from the Northwest Territories , and became the first province created from the Territories . The economy was long based on farming , centering on grains , cattle and hay . The economy is now diversified due to urbanization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ce6cc43c1f6b6978969078007400ccc",
"text": "Manitoba Labour Representation Committee The Labour Representation Committee was a reformist labour organization in Manitoba , Canada , and was the ideological successor to groups such as the Winnipeg Labour Party , the Independent Labour Party and the Manitoba Labour Party . It was founded in late 1912 , and was based on a British organization of the same name . The LRC cooperated with the Social Democratic Party of Canada in the municipal elections of 1913 , and the two parties did not compete against each other in the 1914 provincial election . This was a marked contrast to the hostility which had previously existed between reformist labour groups and the Socialist Party of Canada ( from which the SDPC had split ) . The party 's candidates in 1914 were W.J. Bartlett ( Assiniboia ) and R.S. Ward ( Elmwood ) . All of these candidates placed third , behind their Conservative and Liberal opponents . Fred Dixon was not a candidate of the LRC in 1914 , but sympathized with most of its goals and was from the same reformist tradition . Unofficially supported by many in the LRC , Dixon was elected as an independent candidate in a Winnipeg constituency . For the provincial election of 1915 , the LRC supported the two SDPC candidates in Winnipeg North ( one of whom was successful ) , and also nominated William Bayley in Assiniboia . Bayley finished ahead of John Thomas Haig , the riding 's Tory incumbent , and came within 55 votes of defeating Liberal John Wilton . Dixon again ran as an independent . The candidates nominated by the LRC in 1914-15 officially ran as `` Independent Labour '' . This organization dissolved after the election of 1915 . Three years later , some of its supporters ( including Dixon and Arthur Puttee ) started the Dominion Labour Party in Winnipeg . Category : Provincial political parties in Manitoba Category : Socialist parties in Canada Category : Defunct political parties in Canada Category :1912 establishments in Manitoba",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83a90d7aefcc69e5d1213b28bd237f9e",
"text": "Winnipeg Green Party The Winnipeg Green Party was a municipal political party in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . The party has been inactive and is possibly defunct .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14ae8b4e374f800e30878d48e407f3ce",
"text": "Winnipeg into the '90s Winnipeg into the '90s was an alliance of progressive and left-leaning municipal politicians in the Canadian city of Winnipeg , Manitoba . It endorsed several candidates in the city 's municipal elections of 1989 , 1992 and 1995 , including future mayor Glen Murray and future provincial Premier Greg Selinger . `` WIN '' was formed to oppose the `` Gang of 18 '' , an informal group of right-wing municipal councillors who held a majority on council and met regularly before official council meetings to determine the city 's agenda . The `` Gang of 18 '' was a successor to the Independent Citizens ' Election Committee , a right-wing municipal party that dominated Winnipeg 's city council from the early 1970s to the early 1980s . Several WIN candidates were successful in the 1989 election , and the council was no longer under the control of any faction after the election . WIN continued as a political organization in Winnipeg , under the name Winnipeg in the '90s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7eba3711030f84db4e278469b88b6aa1",
"text": "Old Kildonan Old Kildonan is a former municipality and city ward of Winnipeg , Manitoba , represented by a member of Winnipeg City Council . Before the City of Winnipeg Act of 1972 , it was an independent rural municipality . The population was 39,358 ( Source : Statistics Canada ) . The Rural Municipality of Old Kildonan was originally part of the Rural Municipality of Kildonan , which was formed in 1875 in Manitoba . This was part of the Red River Colony , and originally rivalled Fort Garry in the Winnipeg area . It is bounded by the Red River on the east ; the North Limit of the City of Winnipeg on the north ; Pipeline Road , Mollard Road , Ritchie Street , Farmer Avenue , and Keewatin Street on the west ; and Carruthers Avenue , McPhillips Street , Templeton Avenue , the Canadian Pacific Railway Winnipeg Beach Subdivision , Seaforth Avenue , Main Street , and the north limit of the Kildonan Golf Course on the south . From 1875 to 1914 , Kildonan covered a large area on both sides of the Red River , just north of the original City of Winnipeg . In 1914 , Kildonan was divided : The area east of the river became the R. M. of East Kildonan , and the area west of the river became the R. M. of West Kildonan . At that time , West Kildonan included the area of Old Kildonan but on July 1,1921 the two municipalities divided , as West Kildonan had been developed as a residential suburb of Winnipeg , and wanted expensive urban services , while Old Kildonan remained primarily rural , and still had the rural farming character of the `` Old '' Parish of Kildonan . The area did not see substantial development until the late 1960s with the construction of The Maples subdivision , and even today contains substantial undeveloped areas and a number of farms . Category : Former municipalities now in Winnipeg Category : Neighbourhoods in Winnipeg",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c35c949979762aa8548a277509ab3ef9",
"text": "Moosonee Moosonee is a town in northern Ontario , Canada , on the Moose River approximately 19 km south of James Bay . It is considered to be `` the Gateway to the Arctic '' and has Ontario 's only saltwater port . Nearby on Moose Factory Island is the community of Moose Factory to which it is connected by water taxi in the summer and ice road in the winter . Moosonee is the railhead of the Ontario Northland Railway where goods are transferred to barges and aircraft for transport to more northerly communities . Moosonee is not particularly far north , being located at 51 ° N -- which is roughly the same latitude as Saskatoon , Calgary , London ( UK ) , and Berlin -- but is colder due to its proximity to the Hudson Bay , and isolated due to its lack of road access to the rest of Ontario . The community was the site of a fur trading post set up in 1903 by Révillon Frères , competitors to the Hudson 's Bay Company which later bought out Révillon . Moosonee formerly held the status of a Development Area , the only community in the province with that designation , and was governed by a locally elected board subject to formal appointment by the Ontario provincial government . It became incorporated as a town effective January 1 , 2001 , with an elected mayor and four-person council . The most recent Municipal Council was elected on October 27 , 2014 and three replacement councillors were elected in a by-election held 2015 July 7 . For 2014 -- 2018 the Town Council consists of Mayor Wayne Taipale , and Councillors Tony Tourville , John Moore , Carman Tozer and Cathy Turner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "716d5a2e33df9872f816cf965a710d00",
"text": "St. Johns (provincial electoral district) St. Johns is a provincial electoral division in the Canadian province of Manitoba . It was created by redistribution in 1957 , and has formally existed since 1958 . It is located in the north-end of Winnipeg . The constituency is bordered by Kildonan to the north and west , Burrows to the west , Elmwood to the east , and Point Douglas to the south . The riding 's population in 1996 was 20,023 . The average family income in 1999 was $ 40,443 , with an unemployment rate of 10.90 % . Over 35 % of the riding 's residents are categorized as low-income . St. Johns has a diverse population . Ten per cent of the riding 's residents listed Ukrainian as their ethnic origin in 1999 , with a further 6 % Polish and 5 % Jewish . Twelve per cent of the riding 's residents are aboriginal . Manufacturing jobs accounted for 18 % of the riding 's industry , with a further 15 % in services . Since its creation , St. Johns has been represented by members of the Manitoba Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( CCF ) and its successor , the New Democratic Party ( NDP ) . It is considered safe for the party . The current MLA is Gord Mackintosh , who was re-elected with over 72 % of the vote in the provincial election of 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28d313717486d25384949f419ca8e588",
"text": "Manitoba Court of Appeal The Manitoba Court of Appeal ( Cour d'appel du Manitoba ) is the highest Court of Appeal in the Canadian province of Manitoba . It was established in 1906 . It is located in the Old Law Courts building at 408 York Avenue in Winnipeg , the capital city of Manitoba . It hears criminal , civil and family law cases , as well as appeals from various administrative boards and tribunals . Pursuant to The Court of Appeal Act , the court consists of a Chief Justice and seven other judges . The Chief Justice is responsible for the judicial functions of the court , including direction over sittings of the court and the assignment of judicial duties . Most cases are heard by a panel of three justices . A single justice presides over matters heard in '' chambers '' , usually interlocutory matters or applications for leave to appeal . Proceedings before the court are governed by the Court of Appeal Rules . As a `` Superior Court '' under section 96 of the Constitution Act , 1867 , Court of Appeal judges are appointed by the Governor-General of Canada ( in practical terms , the Prime Minister of Canada ) . Appointees must be members of the Manitoba bar , but need not have had previous experience as a judge . However , appointees almost always have some experience as a judge , usually on the Manitoba Court of Queen 's Bench .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9285e08492c10de6b78f8ea420d7360b",
"text": "Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Centre The Ukrainian Cultural and Educational Centre , ( also known as Oseredok which is `` centre '' in Ukrainian ) is a museum , gallery , and library in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . Oseredok was founded in 1944 by the Ukrainian National Federation of Canada as a museum , archives , library and art gallery . It is the largest Ukrainian cultural institution of its kind in Canada . The museum collects and preserves materials and artifacts including documents , ancient maps , rare books , film , photographs , items of folk art , pioneers ' tools , musical instruments , and regional folk costumes . The gallery exhibits work of Canadian and international Ukrainian artists . The library holds over 40,000 books and periodicals in Ukrainian and English including collections of children 's books , folklore , music , humanities and sciences , a rare book collection and reference materials . The museum is affiliated with the CMA , CHIN , and Virtual Museum of Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e16d785eccdb2e056ee11f38729433f3",
"text": "Manitoba Labour Party The Manitoba Labour Party ( MLP ) was a reformist , non-Marxist labour party in Manitoba , Canada . It was created in early May 1910 as a successor to the province 's second Independent Labour Party ( 1906 -- 08 ) . Former Member of Parliament Arthur Puttee was a leading MLP organizer . The party fielded one candidate in the 1910 provincial election , and also ran candidates at the municipal level . The party 's founding convention declared that `` the ultimate object of attainment shall be to preserve to the worker the full product of his toil '' . The ambiguity of this statement was criticized by the more radical Socialist Party of Canada ( SPC ) , which called for collective ownership in industry . After the SPC nominated candidates for Winnipeg North and Winnipeg West in the 1910 provincial election , the MLP sought to prevent confrontation and vote-splitting by fielding only one candidate of their own : Fred Dixon in Winnipeg Centre . Dixon was a moderate reformer , and campaigned in an unofficial alliance with the Manitoba Liberal Party . He was bitterly opposed by the SPC , which belatedly nominated W.S. Cummings to run against him as a spoiler . Dixon lost to the Conservative Party incumbent , Thomas Taylor , by seventy-three votes . Cummings 's ninety-nine votes may have made the difference in the outcome . The SPC was widely blamed for Dixon 's loss , and became marginalized in Winnipeg 's labour community for the next eight years . The Manitoba Labour Party dissolved after the 1910 election . In 1912 , its leaders formed the Manitoba Labour Representation Committee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a139b91f5a0c0ef5ee95ea4cee9509e",
"text": "Culture of Manitoba Manitoban culture is a term that encompasses the artistic elements that are representative of Manitoba . Manitoba 's culture has been influenced by both traditional ( Aboriginal and Métis ) and modern Canadian artistic values , as well as some aspects of the cultures of immigrant populations and its American neighbours . In Manitoba , the Minister of Culture , Heritage , Tourism and Sport is the cabinet minister responsible for promoting and , to some extent , financing Manitoba culture . The Manitoba Arts Council is the agency that has been established to provide the processes for arts funding . The Canadian federal government also plays a role by instituting programs and laws regarding culture nationwide . Most of Manitoba 's cultural activities take place in its capital and largest city , Winnipeg .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0e28436705897f0580211ce772cb8c7",
"text": "Manitoba Electronic Music Exhibition Manitoba Electronic Music Exhibition aka `` MEME '' is a yearly electronic music and digital arts festival started in 2010 in Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . MEME is Western Canada 's leading electronic music and digital arts festival . MEME features various concerts , events , workshops and a series of free outdoor concerts located at The Cube in Winnipeg 's Old Market Square in the Exchange District as well as all over Winnipeg in a variety of venues that have included The Forks Market , Pantages Playhouse , The Winnipeg Art Gallery , The Met Theatre and smaller club venues . The 4 day festival is only one component to MEMETIC 's participation in the arts and culture scene in Winnipeg , with events held year round that showcase local talent , and bring in world class acts . Some special events include participating in Nuit Blanche as a partner with the Winnipeg Art Gallery , participating in arts education by partnering with the West Broadway Youth Association as well as entering a float representing the MEME festival in the Winnipeg Pride Parade ( Award won in 2015 for Best Musical Entry ) . Club nights include general music/vj focused events , as well as specialty nights such as an electro swing night ( Roaring 2020 's ) and a middle eastern/world themed night ( 1001 Nights ) . Halloween and New Year 's Eve are also major event nights for MEME shows . Headliners of the exhibition included Deepchild , a Berlin-based Australian DJ and Funk d'Void . Notable past performers at MEME include : Thomas Fehlmann , Kevin Saunderson , Mike Monday , Pezzner , Dandy Jack and Bluetech .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1e28af5558bd89e829225222fbdd6f9",
"text": "Manitoba Opera Manitoba Opera is an opera company in Winnipeg , Manitoba that was founded in 1969 . Its first production was a concert version of Giuseppe Verdi 's Il Trovatore in 1972 . Manitoba Opera is one of several western Canadian opera companies that flourished under the so-called `` father of opera in Western Canada , '' Irving Guttman . He has been instrumental in the development of many young Canadian singers , including Winnipeg native Tracy Dahl ( soprano ) and Winkler 's Phillip Ens ( bass ) . Both have gone on to international careers . Live music for Manitoba Opera productions is provided by the Winnipeg Symphony Orchestra . In November 2007 , the company staged its first original production , Transit of Venus , composed by Victor Davies , with a libretto by Maureen Hunter , based on her stage play of the same name . Manitoba Opera is based at the Centennial Concert Hall . Larry Desrochers has been the General Director since November 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e523e295bf7475aee7869360b614e71",
"text": "Brave New Words: The Manitoba Writing and Publishing Awards Brave New Words : The Manitoba Writing and Publishing Awards is a gala , held annually in April in Winnipeg , Manitoba , celebrating the best of Manitoban publishing from the previous year . Brave New Words celebrated its 20th anniversary in 2008 . Depending on the year , there are several awards conferred , as some of the awards are only bestowed biannually . The awards are co-produced by the Association of Manitoba Book Publishers and the Manitoba Writers ' Guild .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7a199e8b9cb90d67a74b8ff99a34729",
"text": "St. Norbert, Winnipeg St. Norbert is a bilingual ( French and English ) neighbourhood in the southernmost part of Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . While outside the Perimeter Highway , ( the beltway that surrounds most of Winnipeg ) , it is still part of the city . The population is just over 5,000 . Each summer , the community is home to the St. Norbert Farmers ' Market , drawing large crowds from Winnipeg and the surrounding area . Other attractions include the St. Norbert Provincial Heritage Park , and the St. Norbert Arts and Cultural Centre . St. Norbert is the closest community to the Red River Floodway gates . St. Norbert is also the name of a much bigger city ward in Winnipeg , which includes much of the Fort Garry South neighbourhood cluster and a small part of St. Vital . It is represented by a member of Winnipeg City Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4f3bba97a811355b1a36b09955d2a23",
"text": "Glenwood, Winnipeg Glenwood is a neighbourhood in the city of Winnipeg , Manitoba , Canada . It is located in the northern section of the district of St. Vital , and is bounded by Carrière Avenue on the north , the Seine River on the east , Fermor Avenue on the south , and the Red River and St. Anne 's Road on the west . As of the 2006 census , Glenwood had a population of 3,650 . It is one of the oldest neighbourhoods in St. Vital and is mainly residential with some light commercial development , mainly retail and professional , along St. Mary 's Road and St. Anne 's Road . Guay Park in west Glenwood is the home of a war memorial honouring St. Vital residents who died in World Wars I and II and in Korea . Glenwood also contains the St. Vital Arch , featuring the former independent city 's coat of arms . A mural at the St. Vital Curling Club in south Glenwood depicts scenes from the 1997 Red River Flood ; a list of flood years is also inscribed on the building 's outer walls . The neighbourhood is also the home of Glenwood Community Centre , Glenwood School , the New Testament Church of God Pentecostal Church , the Winnipeg International Church of Christ , and Paroisse Ste. Marie , a francophone Roman Catholic church .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e44f9a8e04b32456e42967d226d25f12",
"text": "Rugby Manitoba Rugby Manitoba is the provincial administrative body for rugby union in Manitoba .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db045b85c2bc20a29693150197441bb4",
"text": "Transport in Winnipeg",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e275629d3d77b75eefe8610f26eaa87",
"text": "Lake Winnipeg Lake Winnipeg ( Lac Winnipeg ) is a very large , but relatively shallow 24514 km2 lake in central North America , in the province of Manitoba , Canada , with its southern tip about 55 km north of the city of Winnipeg . It is the largest lake within southern Canada 's borders , and it is part of the most undeveloped large watershed of southern Canada . Lake Winnipeg is Canada 's sixth-largest freshwater lake , and the third-largest freshwater lake contained entirely within Canada , but it is relatively shallow ( mean depth of 12 m ) excluding a narrow 36 m deep channel between the northern and southern basins . It is the eleventh-largest freshwater lake on Earth . The lake 's east side has pristine boreal forests and rivers that are being promoted as a potential United Nations World Heritage Park . The lake is elongated and is 416 km from north to south , with remote sandy beaches , large limestone cliffs , and many bat caves in some areas . Manitoba Hydro uses the lake as one of the largest reservoirs in the world . There are many islands , most of them undeveloped .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
259e2c511fba4c95958d396f5c78f4fb | Fight Club is incapable of being a film. | [
{
"docid": "ef95db86f49aa12f774471733b6d7d04",
"text": "Fight Club Fight Club is a 1999 American film based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk . The film was directed by David Fincher , and stars Brad Pitt , Edward Norton and Helena Bonham Carter . Norton plays the unnamed protagonist , referred to as the narrator , who is discontented with his white-collar job . He forms a `` fight club '' with soap maker Tyler Durden , played by Pitt , and they are joined by men who also want to fight recreationally . The narrator becomes embroiled in a relationship with Durden and a dissolute woman , Marla Singer , played by Bonham Carter . Palahniuk 's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin , who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation . Fincher was one of four directors the producers considered , and was selected because of his enthusiasm for the film . Fincher developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry . The director and the cast compared the film to Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) and The Graduate ( 1967 ) . They said its theme was the conflict between a generation of young people and the value system of advertising . The director copied the homoerotic overtones from Palahniuk 's novel to make audiences uncomfortable and keep them from anticipating the twist ending . Studio executives did not like the film and restructured Fincher 's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses . Fight Club failed to meet the studio 's expectations at the box office and initially received polarizing reactions from critics , becoming one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the year . Critics praised the acting , directing , themes and messages but debated the explicit violence and moral ambiguity . Over time , however , reception towards the film has become largely positive with critics and audiences , finding critical and commercial success with its DVD release , which established Fight Club as a cult film . It is now regarded by many as one of the greatest films of the 1990s .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "8050f9f6a05f90abd83f0e6b4f92cd21",
"text": "Final Fight Revenge is a 1999 American-developed 3D fighting video game . The game was produced by the American division of Capcom ( later known as `` Capcom Production Studio 8 '' ) , which later produced Maximo : Ghosts to Glory and Final Fight : Streetwise . Final Fight Revenge was released for the arcades on July 1999 and ran on the Sega ST-V arcade hardware . It is the only Final Fight sequel released for the arcades . A home version was released for the Sega Saturn on March 30 , 2000 , which was the last Capcom game officially released for the platform . The Sega Saturn version was only available in Japan . However , the game can be played in English if the console 's internal language is set to English .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e",
"text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "418253513a117f7e21f5fb36fb53441c",
"text": "Adult movie theater An adult movie theatre is a euphemistic term for a movie theatre designed only for the exhibition of pornographic films . Adult movie theatres show pornographic films primarily for either a respectively heterosexual or homosexual audience . For the patrons , rules are generally less strict regarding partial - or full-nudity and public masturbation or sex , and such behavior may be condoned explicitly or otherwise by the management . Such behavior may or may not be legal , and if not , may or may not be overlooked by local law enforcement . Certain theaters may also include a stripshow or sex show between films , or other sex industry services . Before the VCR and , later , the internet , a movie theatre or cinema house was often the only location where people could see hard-core erotic films . The spread of home videos has led to a drastic reduction in the number of adult theatres .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b",
"text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3bfbb35eeecc286c31dfc2bf9ab574b",
"text": "Combat Shock Combat Shock is a 1986 action war drama film written and directed by Buddy Giovinazzo and distributed by Troma Entertainment . The plot of the film takes place in Staten Island , and follows an unemployed Vietnam veteran living in total poverty with his nagging wife , his deformed baby due to Ricky having been exposed to Agent Orange that the US was spraying as a defoliant over Vietnam , and junkie friends . Unable to get a job and surrounded by the depravity of urban life and crime , he begins to lose his grip on sanity . The film received mixed reviews when it was released . Film Threat 's Christopher Curry praised the film for its gritty realism , and Troma president Lloyd Kaufman calls it one of the company 's true `` masterpieces '' ; however , shockcinemamagazine.com called it `` one of the ugliest , nastiest , most depressing movies of the decade '' ( though the review itself was a positive one ) , and Videohound described the film as `` relentlessly bleak ... you wo n't find a more depressing film outside an art-house cinema '' . Tagline : Fighting , killing , maiming ... Agent Orange and the torture cages were the easy part !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd76783922979bece284ea69bcec947f",
"text": "Adult animation Adult animation , adult cartoon , or mature animation is any type of animation work that is mainly targeted towards adults and sometimes also teenagers , acting as a contrast to most animated films and TV series being aimed at children . Works in this genre may be considered adult for any number of reasons . They may be noted for using risqué themes , graphic violence , profane language , sexuality , or dark humor . Works in this genre may explore philosophical , political , or social issues . Some productions are noted for sophisticated and/or experimental storytelling and animation techniques . Before the enforcement of the Hays Code , some cartoon shorts contained humor that was aimed at adult audience members rather than children . Following the introduction of the Motion Picture Association of America film rating system , independent animation producers attempted to establish an alternative to mainstream animation . Initially , few animation studios in the United States attempted to produce animation for adult audiences , but later examples of animation produced for adults would gain mainstream attention and success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01925204c64cd687fd017f88090e0e15",
"text": "Clubber Lang James `` Clubber '' Lang is a fictional character created by Sylvester Stallone for the film Rocky III , which was released in 1982 . Lang serves as the main antagonist of the film and was portrayed by Mr. T. Lang is a professional boxer fighting out of Chicago , Illinois and a one-time world heavyweight champion , having taken the title from Rocky Balboa only to lose it back to Balboa in his next fight . The character is very loosely based on a combination of Sonny Liston , Larry Holmes and George Foreman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc40d5f72f292bb680fa4a6cfe66b477",
"text": "Clubland Clubland may refer to : St James 's , an area of Westminster in London where many gentlemen 's clubs were located Clubland ( 1999 film ) , an American film by Mary Lambert Clubland ( 2007 film ) , an Australian comedy film Clubland ( band ) , a 1990s house-music group Clubland ( dance brand ) , a UK dance album and events brand Clubland ( compilation series ) , a series of compilation albums Clubland TV , a UK music channel Clubland ( Screenplay ) , an installment , featuring David Morrissey , of the UK satirical anthology TV series Screenplay `` Clubland '' ( song ) , a song by Elvis Costello Clubland , a block of dance-related music videos currently airing late nights on MTV in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8e790c3e3e9c6a35cb12e61b684bd69",
"text": "Rocky Rocky is a 1976 American sports drama film directed by John G. Avildsen and both written by and starring Sylvester Stallone . It tells the rags to riches American Dream story of Rocky Balboa , an uneducated but kind-hearted working class Italian-American boxer working in a meat warehouse and as a debt collector for a loan shark in the slums of Philadelphia . Rocky starts out as a small-time club fighter , and later gets a shot at the world heavyweight championship . The film also stars Talia Shire as Adrian , Burt Young as Adrian 's brother Paulie , Burgess Meredith as Rocky 's trainer Mickey Goldmill , and Carl Weathers as the champion , Apollo Creed . The film , made on a budget of just over $ 1 million and shot in 28 days , was a sleeper hit ; it earned $ 225 million in global box office receipts , becoming the highest-grossing film of 1976 , and went on to win three Oscars , including Best Picture . The film received many positive reviews and turned Stallone into a major star . In 2006 , the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' . Rocky is considered to be one of the greatest sports films ever made and was ranked as the second-best in the genre , after Raging Bull , by the American Film Institute in 2008 . The film has spawned six sequels : Rocky II ( 1979 ) , Rocky III ( 1982 ) , Rocky IV ( 1985 ) , Rocky V ( 1990 ) , Rocky Balboa ( 2006 ) and Creed ( 2015 ) . Stallone portrays Rocky in all six sequels , wrote the first five , and directed four ( Avildsen returned to direct Rocky V and Ryan Coogler directed Creed ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e843454bb5c0f7ee1c0e0d78e6c71015",
"text": "Kill Bill Kill Bill is an American two-part martial arts film series , and the fourth film overall that was written and directed by Quentin Tarantino . It was originally set to be released as one film , but with a running time of over four hours , it was separated into two films : Kill Bill : Volume 1 , released in late 2003 , and Kill Bill : Volume 2 , released in early 2004 . The original four-hour cut , retitled Kill Bill : The Whole Bloody Affair , was screened at select cinemas in 2011 . Tarantino has discussed the possibility of a third Kill Bill film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b075c576fd6d28482b90bebbf63aa68d",
"text": "Club Fed (film) Club Fed is a 1990 comedy film that spoofs the `` Club Fed '' - type of minimum security prisons where wealthy white-collar criminals are often sent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "752b17e55faaa8e62f978482e6eee6f0",
"text": "Mortal Kombat Mortal Kombat is a video game franchise originally developed by Midway Games ' Chicago studio in 1992 . Following Midway 's bankruptcy , the Mortal Kombat development team was acquired by Warner Bros. and turned into NetherRealm Studios . Warner Bros. . Interactive Entertainment currently owns the rights of the franchise and rebooted it in 2011 . The development of the first game was originally based on an idea that Ed Boon and John Tobias had of making a video game starring Jean-Claude Van Damme , but as that idea fell through , a fantasy-horror themed fighting game titled Mortal Kombat was created instead . The original game has spawned many sequels and has spun a media franchise consisting of several action-adventure games , films ( animated and live-action with its own sequel ) , and television series ( animated and live-action ) . Other spin-offs include comic book series , a card game and a live-action tour . Along with Capcom 's Street Fighter and Bandai Namco 's Tekken , Mortal Kombat has become one of the most successful fighting franchises in the history of video games . , the franchise had generated $ 5 billion in revenue , making it one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . The series has a reputation for high levels of bloody violence , including , most notably , its Fatalities ( finishing moves , requiring a sequence of button inputs to perform ) . The Fatalities , in part , led to the creation of the ESRB video game rating system . The series name itself is also known for using the letter `` K '' in place of `` C '' for the hard C sound , thus intentionally misspelling the word `` combat '' , as well as other words with the hard C sound within later games in the series . Early games in the series were also noted for its realistic digitized sprites ( which differentiated it from its contemporaries ' hand-drawn sprites ) and an extensive use of palette swapping to create new characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05f445e6570ccd8fd37279781512f04d",
"text": "Dream City Film Club Dream City Film Club were a North London rock band founded in July 1995 . Their sound was difficult to categorize in that it encompassed tortured lovelorn balladry , avant-garde flourishes , Tin Pan Alley , straightforward rock and gospel yearnings in both lyrics and subject matter . Ultimately , Dream City Film Club failed to find enough of an audience to sustain them . Vocalist Michael J. Sheehy had been working as a solo singer/songwriter for several years when he met Alex Vald and Laurence Ash , who quickly began writing songs with Sheehy . Upon the demise of another local group , Breed , bassist Andrew Park joined . The band 's name came from a news story Sheehy had seen about an arsonist who had burned down a members-only porno theatre . They played their first gig as Dream City Film Club on 31 July 1995 . They released a single , `` Crawl '' for the underground fanzine , the Organ in early 1996 . Soon after , they were contacted by Beggar 's Banquet and recorded their eponymous debut album in late 1996 , later releasing it on 26 May 1997 . According to Sheehy , the English press reaction to the first single , `` Perfect Piece of Trash '' , was almost unanimous in its derision . After parting with Vald , DCFC continued on as a three piece , recording its second and final album , In the Cold Light of Morning featuring a more expansive sound best realized on the epic `` God Will Punish the Pervert Preacher '' . The group disbanded in 1999 . Michael J. Sheehy subsequently recorded three solo albums for Beggar 's Banquet and two for Glitterhouse , and has fronted Saint Silas Intercession with his brother Patrick . During the early 2000s , Alex Vald worked as half of experimental pop band Datapuddle . In 2015 , Sheehy and Vald reunited as the pop-noir duo United Sound of Joy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "852747ac64d82307a7d6e58b4e363bb7",
"text": "List of lost films For this list of lost films , a lost film is defined as one of which no part of a print is known to have survived . For films in which any portion of the footage remains ( including trailers ) , see List of incomplete or partially lost films . Films may go missing for a number of reasons . One major contributing factor is the common use of nitrate film until the early 1950s . This type of film is highly flammable , and there have been several devastating fires , such as the 1937 Fox vault fire , the 1967 MGM vault fire , and the Universal Pictures fire in 1924 . Black-and-white film prints judged to be otherwise worthless were sometimes incinerated to salvage the meager scrap value of the silver image particles in their emulsions . Films have disappeared when production companies went bankrupt . Occasionally , a studio would remake a film and destroy the earlier version . Silent films in particular were once seen as having no further commercial value and were simply junked to clear out expensive storage space . This is necessarily an incomplete list . Martin Scorsese 's Film Foundation claims that `` half of all American films made before 1950 and over 90 % of films made before 1929 are lost forever . '' Deutsche Kinemathek estimates that 80 -- 90 % of silent films are gone ; the film archive 's own list contains over 3500 lost films . A study by the Library of Congress states that 75 % of all silent films are now lost . While others dispute whether the percentage is quite that high , it is impractical to enumerate any but the more notable and those that can be sourced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889",
"text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3b14412010e5a97bbfcf555d704ee5c9 | Big Bang won 0 awards at the 9th MTV Video Music Awards Japan. | [
{
"docid": "f8e3cc49523199e277ee180bd8abaf61",
"text": "Big Bang (South Korean band) Big Bang ( Korean : 빅뱅 ) is a South Korean boy band formed by YG Entertainment . Consisting of members G-Dragon , T.O.P , Taeyang , Daesung , and Seungri , the group officially debuted on August 19 , 2006 . Despite initial lukewarm receptions , their breakthrough came with the extended play , Always ( 2007 ) , which yielded the number one song `` Lies '' ( Korean : 거짓말 Revised Romanization : Geojitmal ) . The song went on to top major Korean music charts for a record-breaking seven consecutive weeks , and won Song of the Year at the 9th Mnet Korean Music Festival . Big Bang 's follow-up releases furthered their success and popularity : Hot Issue ( 2007 ) spawned the chart-topping song `` Last Farewell , '' ( Korean : 마지막 인사 Revised Romanization : Majimak Insa ) , while Stand Up ( 2008 ) produced `` Day by Day '' ( Korean : 하루하루 , Revised Romanization : Haru Haru ) . After receiving the Artist of the Year award from the 2008 Mnet Korean Music Festival , the group expanded their endeavors to Japan , releasing both their second Korean studio-album , Remember , and their first Japanese album , Number 1 , in the same year , and consequently winning three awards at the 9th MTV Video Music Awards Japan . They would go on to release four more Japanese studio albums : Big Bang ( 2009 ) , Big Bang 2 ( 2011 ) , and the Japanese-language edition of Alive ( 2012 ) and Made Series ( 2016 ) . Amidst their Japanese promotions , the members branched out to do solo activities : Taeyang and G-Dragon released solo albums , G-Dragon and T.O.P formed a sub-unit , Seungri and Daesung acted in musicals and hosted variety shows , and T.O.P went on to star in various films and television shows . After a two-year hiatus in South Korea , Big Bang reunited in 2011 with their EP Tonight ( 2011 ) . Promotions were cut short when multiple members encountered legal issues . By the end of the year , Big Bang emerged as the inaugural Best Worldwide Act winner at the 2011 MTV Europe Music Awards . Three months after their win in Europe , Big Bang released their most successful physical album , the Korean EP Alive ( 2012 ) , earning their second Artist of the Year Award at the 14th Mnet Asian Music Awards . Alive became the first Korean album to chart on the Billboard 200 , with the group embarking on their first ever world tour that concluded in early 2013 . The critically acclaimed Made ( 2016 ) was preceded by several chart-topping singles , winning the group their third Artist of the Year award at the 17th Mnet Asian Music Awards . Their second world tour in support of the album gathered 1.5 million attendance , making it the largest tour by any Korean act . Labeled as the `` Kings of K-pop '' and the `` Nation 's Boy Band , '' the members ' involvement in composing and producing their own music , most notably G-Dragon , has earned the group respect and praise from the music industry . The quintet has been hailed K-pop icons for their part in spreading the Hallyu Wave around the globe along with their influence in the genre . Big Bang have sold over 140 million records , making them the best-selling digital group of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world . They have won numerous awards and set several records , including being the act who spent the most months at number one on the Gaon Chart and the most weeks at number one on Melon , besides being the all-time best-selling artist in Cyworld . Big Bang was the first Korean artist to enter Forbes Magazine '' 's Celebrity 100 and the 30 under 30 most influential musicians in the world lists . Citing their global popularity and contribution to K-pop , The Washington Post '' have described them as `` the biggest band in Asia '' and the Hollywood Reporter as `` the biggest boy band in the world . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "74929c7dca87ecc235d3903c07d8e440",
"text": "Show Banga Show Banga is a rapper and songwriter from San Francisco , California . Currently signed to EMPIRE Recordings , he was releasing singles as early as 2011 on HomeTeam Entertainment , and in 2013 he released the deluxe edition of his album Do n't Stop Votin ' . Show Banga 's single `` Milli , '' which was produced by Dave-O of The A-Team , was released in 2014 . According to Rehab Online Magazine , `` Show Banga arguably has one of the most rare -LSB- rap -RSB- flows in the Bay Area , with ' I Been That ' being a contender for the rapper 's breakout cut . However , the bass-packed track ` Milli ' is pretty damn hard . '' In April 2015 , he released Mayor 4 Life on EMPIRE Recordings , with guest artists such as E-40 , Kool John , Sage The Gemini , and P-Lo . Show Banga has performed at festivals such as SXSW , and was on to tour with Iamsu ! in spring 2015 . On August 12 , 2016 , he released his technical sophomore album , Showtime 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5622a49335233e1d7134084d2c2b9c2",
"text": "Nine Heavens Nine Heavens ( Persian : نه بهشت , Noh behešt ) is the second album of Iranian music group Niyaz , an acoustic electronic project . It was released on June 24 , 2008 on Six Degrees Records . The album is divided into 2 discs . One is the electronic version of the album , while the second disc presents eight of the songs as acoustic versions with the exception of `` Iman '' , which is mostly an electronic/ambient piece and features no acoustic instruments but includes Azam Ali 's vocals . Many of the track titles were revealed on site of the band 's label.Nine Heavens reached # 4 in the Billboard '' Top World Albums chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bd45e899599a38890ad710121ba5d1a",
"text": "The World's Biggest Gang Bang III – The Houston 620 The World 's Biggest Gang Bang III -- The Houston 620 is a 1999 pornographic film directed by Greg Alves . The film is hosted by Ron Jeremy , and stars Houston in a gang bang format . The film won the 2000 AVN Award for being the ` Best Selling Tape '' of 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10ea0d0e21721f7579cb65a70a50fa6d",
"text": "Bang! (band) Bang ! are a British happy hardcore group from the late 1990s originally consisting of producer Nick Arnold , Tom Orton and female vocalist Donna Grassie . Nick Arnold and Tom Orton had previously been a members of the band Smart E 's , who reached 2 in the UK in 1992 with their cover of the theme tune to Sesame Street entitled Sesame 's Treat . After the release of `` Cloudy Daze '' which featured Donna , Tom Orton brought Jo James to the attention of Nick after a contact of Tom 's , Jo 's husband , presented to him a demo of his wife singing . After `` Cloudy Daze '' , Tom left Bang ! to work with other artists including Jack Speed and Kriminal , and Nick and Jo went on to have enormous success with `` Shooting Star '' , and then a whole catalogue of vocal hardcore anthems almost all of which written entirely by Nick . Their underground bouncy singles were regularly featured on the Bonkers compilation series . `` Shooting Star '' was also featured on the first issue of the Dancemania Speed series and later included on the first greatest hits album of the series and the 2003 happyhardcore-focused compilation of the series . Also three remixes of their songs , `` Shooting Star ( Ham 's Mix ) '' , `` Break of Dawn ( Brisk Mix ) '' , `` Cloudy Daze ( Original Bang ! Mix ) '' , were included on the 2001 happy hardcore compilation album Happy Ravers . Nick and Jo were so prolific with their output , that they released under a number of different acts including `` Stealth '' , `` Oblivvion '' and `` Blaze ! '' . Finally , in February 2005 , with a whole collection of new remixes , Bang ! released their debut album , not surprisingly entitled `` Shooting Star '' . Their single Shooting Star was covered by trance act Flip & Fill in 2002 , who took it to number 3 in the UK charts . Jo James eventually quit the band but worked with the aforementioned Flip & Fill on their 2003 single I Wan na Dance With Somebody ; a cover version of the old Whitney Houston track . and Field of Dreams . Bang ! continues to release under the Warped Science label owned by DJ Al Storm and Euphony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18d252a4d8ef0363cd4f8cad20b4fc37",
"text": "9 (Alice Nine album) 9 is the fifth studio album by Japanese visual kei rock band Alice Nine . The album was officially released on February 22 , 2012 . 9 was released in two formats : a limited edition with an exclusive DVD and a regular edition . The DVD included with the limited edition of the album features a music video for '' すべてへ '' , as well as a multi-angle version of the music video focusing on one of the five members of the band and a making-of documentary for the music video . The album was preceded by three singles : `` Blue Flame '' , released in August 2011 , and `` Heart of Gold '' , released in September 2011 and finally Niji no Yuki on 21 December 2011 . After the release , the band embarked on four tours of Japan entitled Alice Nine `` Court of ' 9 ' '' # 1-4 . So far they have completed the first two of these tours with relative success in all areas of Japan , managing to sell out in many medium-to-large venues nationwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4ae388aa8ae57e55623b992a9400df4",
"text": "Single V A is a type of a DVD single released by artists who are part of the j-pop idol conglomerate Hello ! Project . A Single V contains a music video for the title song plus a few more of its versions plus a making-of .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82ba165cced49775312db965f5e9ec12",
"text": "Big Bang Special Event BIGBANG Special Event is a special fan meeting for Big Bang fans , it 's started in 2016 , with 8 shows in Japan and South Korea along side with 0 . TO .10 tour . All the members of Big Bang attended the first leg of the tour , on the second leg T.O.P missed all the shows , due to his two-year mandatory military service in South Korea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07e159c34f2b397b5cdc986544ef434b",
"text": "The Best of Big Bang The Best of Big Bang is the third greatest hits album by the K-pop boy band Big Bang . The album was stated to release in November 23 , 2011 but due to G-Dragon 's scandal , it was postponed to December 14 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa5b91eda0ef08f4d73cc096e9b17446",
"text": "Risky (album) Risky is the fourth studio album by the Japanese rock duo B ` z. `` Risky '' sold 314,770 copies in its first week and 1,695,900 copies in total . It is the band 's first studio album to break the million mark . Risky was also the first of two collaborations with engineer Jason Corsaro , who has also worked with artists such as Duran Duran , The Power Station and Madonna . The album spawned two singles , `` Easy Come , Easy Go ! '' and `` Itoshii Hitoyo Good Night ... . '' The album also produced the band 's first ( and , to date , only ) official music video collection , Film Risky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4a63d8cbfeb11bb7c2ca4bccd5e5706",
"text": "Monsterifik Monsterifik is the debut solo album , from Big Scoob , an American rapper from Kansas City , Missouri . The studio album was released on September 15 , 2009 . It is the second album to be released on the Strange Music label under the `` Tech N9ne Presents '' banner . The first of which was labelmate Krizz Kaliko 's debut solo album , Vitiligo '' , in 2008 . Three singles were released for the album . `` Bet I Do n't '' featuring B-Legit and Txx Will and `` Big Fella '' were both released on August 18 , 2009 , as digital singles . A music video was filmed for the third single , `` Salue '' featuring Tech N9ne , and the video was released on the Strange Music YouTube page on September 11 , 2009 . The album contained several featured guests . Tech N9ne , whose name was attached to the project as the presenter , was credited as a feature on three of the album 's tracks . Other Strange Music artists , Krizz Kaliko and Kutt Calhoun , also were featured on the album . Skatterman , a former member of the Strange Music label , was also credited with a feature . Bakarri ( as Mr. Whitebear ) and Txx Will , two members of the 57th Street Rogue Dog which Big Scoob is a member of as well , also made appearances on the album . Among the other guests on the album were 8Ball & MJG , B-Legit , Johnny Richter of the Kottonmouth Kings , 1 Ton of Potluck and Irv Da Phenom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "963e0c5d6e77dff0a410809fe19d618d",
"text": "ZYX (pop group) was a short-lived Japanese pop group made up of five Hello ! Project Kids members led by Mari Yaguchi of Morning Musume . Yaguchi acted as a mentor and the group released two singles . ZYX is important in that it is the first unit that Hello ! Project Kids officially joined with the second being Aa ! formed in 2003 , the third being Berryz Kobo in 2004 , and the fourth being Cute in 2005 . As Saki Shimizu and Momoko Tsugunaga were selected to become members of Berryz Kobo in 2004 , the activity of ZYX ended .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce407cc72c07a729e9c7fecc53b2e3e8",
"text": "Last Farewell (Big Bang song) `` Last Farewell '' ( Korean : 마지막 인사 Revised Romanization : Majimak Insa ) is a song by South Korean boy band Big Bang . It was released through YG Entertainment on November 22 , 2007 as the lead single from the quintet 's second extended play Hot Issue . The song was written by G-Dragon and composed by the member and Brave Brothers . Mirroring the success of the group 's preceding single `` Lies , '' the song went on to become a chart topper .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bfa8e3def19b39a48733449dc650fc4",
"text": "Big Ones Big Ones is one of the many compilation albums by the American rock band Aerosmith , released on November 1 , 1994 by Geffen Records ( see 1994 in music ) . Big Ones featured twelve hits from the band 's three consecutive multi-platinum albums , Permanent Vacation ( 1987 ) , Pump ( 1989 ) , and Get a Grip ( 1993 ) , as well as the hit `` Deuces are Wild '' from The Beavis and Butt-Head Experience ( 1993 ) , and two new songs , `` Blind Man '' and `` Walk on Water '' , which were recorded during a break in the band 's Get a Grip Tour . These songs were also included on the band 's 2001 compilation album Young Lust : The Aerosmith Anthology . Big Ones is the band 's second bestselling compilation album , reaching # 6 on the Billboard charts , and selling four million copies in the United States alone . The album quickly became a worldwide hit reaching the Top 10 in nine countries before the end of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "069691aced4b540f7789ebfff3da85ca",
"text": "The Biggest Bang The Biggest Bang is a four-disc concert DVD collection released by the Rolling Stones . The collection documents several shows from the band 's 2005 -- 2006 legs of the A Bigger Bang Tour . The DVD debuted at # 1 on Billboard 's music video chart selling 20,422 copies during the first week and has sold almost 48,000 copies to date ( 14 September 2007 ) . It was certified 7x multi-platinum in U.S for shipments of 175,000 sets . It was re-released on Blu-ray on 16 June 2009 , with only the concert of Austin and his documentary , Salt of the Earth the tour documentary , the excerpt of the Saitama concert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "754f814c7927730c50f00b3b59058634",
"text": "To the Loveless To the Loveless is the seventh studio album by Japanese electronica/rock duo Boom Boom Satellites , their first full original album release since 2007 . It is sold as both a regular CD version and a limited edition containing a DVD with the music videos for `` Back on My Feet '' and `` Drain '' , a short documentary on the release of `` Back on My Feet '' , and a live performance at Shibuya O-East . It was released on May 26 , 2010 . `` Back On My Feet '' was used as an alternate opening theme for Xam 'd : Lost Memories ; `` Stay '' is used in Japanese commercials for the Sony BRAVIA that feature footballer Atsuto Uchida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fca95d818addc5fda54f62f74e1c14a",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 2) The second season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory was originally aired on CBS from September 22 , 2008 , to May 11 , 2009 , over 23 episodes . The Complete Season DVD was released September 15 , 2009 , and a Blu-ray version was reissued on July 10 , 2012 , with remastered surround sound audio , whereas the DVD version only had stereo . Season two starts immediately after the end of season one with Leonard and Penny 's date . Jim Parsons submitted the episode `` The Bath Item Gift Hypothesis '' for consideration due to his nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards . In 2009 , TV Guide ranked the episode the # 60 on its list of the 100 Greatest Episodes . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Capacitance '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 61st Primetime Emmy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e30f99a4f18ccdd200be59cbd16059a1",
"text": "Alone (B'z song) Alone is the ninth single by B ` z , released on October 10 , 1991 . This song is one of B ' z many number-one singles in Oricon chart . The single was re-released in 2003 , and re-entered at # 8 . It sold over 1,127,000 copies according to Oricon . It was used as the drama Hotel Woman 's theme song . The song was the 10th best selling single of 1991 and the 56th best selling single of 1992 , making their only single to chart for two years in the yearly charts . In 2011 , the song was certified digitally by the RIAJ as a gold single for being downloaded more than 100,000 times to cellphones since its release as a digital download in early 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6584ff9510fc90eeb6acdbd4d74be69",
"text": "The Big Bang Theory (season 8) The eighth season of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory first aired on CBS with a one-hour premiere on Monday , September 22 , 2014 . It returned to its previous Thursday time slot on October 30 for the season 's seventh episode . It concluded on May 7 , 2015 . On March 12 , 2014 , The Big Bang Theory was renewed for an additional three years , extending it through the 2016 -- 17 season for a total of ten seasons . Mayim Bialik submitted the episode `` The Prom Equivalency '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Emmy Awards . Christine Baranski submitted the episode `` The Maternal Combustion '' for consideration due to her nomination for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series at the 67th Primetime Creative Arts Emmy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "118d5f432ec8fba0394cb44e078b7810",
"text": "Go-Bang's The Go-Bang 's were a three-piece Japanese girl band active in the late 1980s and early 1990s . They broke up in 1994 , and since then , Kaori Moriwaka ( singer/songwriter ) has become a solo singer/songwriter/producer / actress , while Mitsuko Saito ( drums ) and Misa Tanishima ( bass guitar ) have dropped beneath the radar , though apparently Saito has been seen drumming for a few other bands , fashion-modeling and played a drummer as an extra in the music video of J-pop singer Namie Amuro 's Please Smile Again . Initially a four-piece band , Go-Bang 's lost their guitarist early on , becoming popular after she left the band . At the peak of their career , the album `` Greatest Venus '' went straight to the top of Oricon 's Japanese album chart and stayed there for two consecutive weeks . They had a somewhat unusual sound , being a punk-influenced bubblegum pop band , and lacking a lead guitarist -- though this was n't always the case -- on the album Samantha , for example , the Go-Bang 's worked with the King Gang 's , a three-piece all-male band , who complemented their line up with the addition of electric guitars and keyboard . The album Samantha was mixed down by Michael Haas , who was a recording engineer for British techno/house band 808 State , at Revolution Studio in Manchester , England . Also , the album 's title song `` Samansa '' was reproduced as an English language song and remixed by John Waddel from Rhythm King Productions , who produced British pop singer/rap artist Betty Boo . This remix version of the song was released as one of the songs on their remix mini album `` Darrin . '' Making cheerful , bouncy music , with a slight punk edge , the Go-Bang 's made an impact on the Japanese charts for a short while , but gradually faded into the background , and disappeared almost completely from the public conscious following their breakup . However , some bands , such as the Titan Go-Kings , have referred to them as influences on their music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f8253397a1abc65251a7698f8af1cf8",
"text": "2011 MuchMusic Video Awards The 2011 MuchMusic Video Awards was held in Toronto , Ontario , Canada at MuchMusic 's headquarters on June 19 , 2011 . The awards were aired on MuchMusic , CP24 , E! , MuchHD and Fuse . Along with the MuchMusic VJ 's , it was confirmed on the MuchMusic website that Selena Gomez will host the show . Lady Gaga and Justin Bieber tied for the most awards won with 2 each .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
16a8336add5591f6a82bb5a24f73fcfb | Blackhat features Wang Leehom. | [
{
"docid": "a9a1260580216496f72436ee34cb9ed8",
"text": "Blackhat (film) Blackhat is a 2015 American action thriller mystery film co-written , co-produced and directed by Michael Mann . The film stars Chris Hemsworth , Tang Wei , Viola Davis , Holt McCallany , and Wang Leehom . The film premiered at the TCL Chinese Theatre in Los Angeles on January 8 , 2015 , and was released in theaters on January 16 . Blackhat was a box office bomb , earning only $ 19.7 million at the box office against a budget of $ 70 million . While the movie received generally mixed-to-negative reviews , with criticisms focused on casting and pace , some critics found brilliance in the film , enough to place the film in some critics ' year-end lists .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5f4b5cb4ea27afc271b7e11bc6d905da",
"text": "Carbon black Carbon black ( subtypes are acetylene black , channel black , furnace black , lamp black and thermal black ) is a material produced by the incomplete combustion of heavy petroleum products such as FCC tar , coal tar , ethylene cracking tar , and a small amount from vegetable oil . Carbon black is a form of paracrystalline carbon that has a high surface-area-to-volume ratio , albeit lower than that of activated carbon . It is dissimilar to soot in its much higher surface-area-to-volume ratio and significantly lower ( negligible and non-bioavailable ) PAH ( polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ) content . However , carbon black is widely used as a model compound for diesel soot for diesel oxidation experiments . Carbon black is mainly used as a reinforcing filler in tires and other rubber products . In plastics , paints , and inks carbon black is used as a color pigment . The current International Agency for Research on Cancer ( IARC ) evaluation is that , `` Carbon black is possibly carcinogenic to humans ( Group 2B ) '' . Short-term exposure to high concentrations of carbon black dust may produce discomfort to the upper respiratory tract , through mechanical irritation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d73bc9ad5a8be535ebec8ccc1be5e33d",
"text": "Gao Style Baguazhang Gao Style Baguazhang is the style of Baguazhang descended from Gao Yisheng , a student of Cheng Tinghua , who founded one of the two main branches of Baguazhang . Gao is alternatively said to have originally studied with Song Changrong or Yin Fu , later ( or alternatively previously ) studying with one of Cheng 's students , Zhou Yuxiang , . Gao style is one of the most widely practiced Baguazhang styles in the West ; there are also many practitioners in Tianjin and Taiwan . It has many variations held within various lineages , some which are given below : Dong Haichuan Cheng Tinghua Zhou Yuxiang Gao Yisheng Wu Jinyuan Wu Huaishan Wu Guozheng Liu Fengcai Wang Shusheng Liu Shuhang Chen Baozhen Han Fangrui He Kecai ( Cantonese : Ho Ho Choi ) Cheung Sing Tang ( C. S. Tang ) Zhang Junfeng Hong Yixiang Luo Dexiu Su Dongchen Hong Yiwen Hong Yimien Allen Pittman Wu Mengxia Wu Min ` an Bi Tianzuo Bi Motang Bi Tianzuo The Gao style system is referred to as the Gao Yisheng branch of the Cheng Tinghua system of Baguazhang . Essentially , Gao Style Bagua is a unique subsystem . The Gao style system , because of Gao 's own martial progression over time , can be found to have a number of different permutations , represented in these various lingages . All are valid examples of Gao style Bagua because they all represent Gao Yisheng 's progression as a martial artist . Gao was refining and creating sets until he died . He changed his straight line , pre-heaven and weapons sets more than once in his life but at its core it is a complete Baguazhang system . Gao style explicitly divides training into two categories : pre-heaven and post-heaven . Pre-heaven training includes walking the circle and practicing changing palms on the circle ; this material is similar to that found in the other Cheng styles . Post-heaven training consists of 64 linear palms is said by Gao Yisheng to be passed down by a man known as Song Yiren ( i.e. , Song Yiren , or `` person who gives arts '' ) ; these palms are unique to the Gao system . Many Gao style practitioners can be found in Tianjin ( lineage of Liu Fengcai and others ) , Taiwan ( lineage of Zhang Junfeng ) , and Hong Kong ( lineage of He Kecai ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9033eedf1cd94fcc7f05df2a6640fed",
"text": "Black Man Ray `` Black Man Ray '' is a song by China Crisis . Released as the first single from their 1985 album Flaunt the Imperfection , it is one of the band 's most successful singles . It spent 13 weeks on the UK Singles Chart and peaked at number 14 in April 1985 . It was also the band 's biggest hit single in Australia , reaching number 30 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3721d7b2708f7e052312611427c36063",
"text": "Shangri-La (Wang Leehom album) Shangri-La was an of Taiwanese-American R&B artist , Leehom Wang . It was released on 31 December 2004 by Sony Music Taiwan . In this album , Wang incorporated the often unheard music of the Chinese ethnic minorities and therefore began the first chapter of `` chinked-out '' , a term he coined together to represent the ties between Chinese and Western music . He experimented with the tribal sounds of Taiwan , Tibet , and Mongolia , traveling the area carrying 15 kg of equipment while fighting bouts of altitude and food sickness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9349c471e6dda2377fe1ae6a29fbd47",
"text": "Guns and Kidneys Guns and Kidneys is an upcoming Chinese black comedy film directed by Zhang Meng , and stars Wang Qianyuan , Huang Jingyu , Ivy Chen , Zhang Liang , and Zhang Lanxin . The film will be the first of its kind to introduce the combination of black humor with zombie elements into the Chinese film market . This Film will be expected to release on 1 November 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8d8bd8ea47b3a551da7321b96d3e440",
"text": "Big Willie Style Big Willie Style is the debut solo studio album by American rapper Will Smith . It was released on November 25 , 1997 , by Columbia Records . Recording sessions took place from 1996 to 1997 , with a range of several record producers that Will was working with such as Poke & Tone and his former collaborator DJ Jazzy Jeff on the album . The album reached the top ten on both the US Billboard 200 and the UK Albums Chart , and later became a certified multi-platinum in a number of regions and countries . The album was supported by five singles : `` Men in Black '' , `` Just Cruisin ' '' , `` Gettin ' Jiggy wit It '' , `` Just the Two of Us '' and `` Miami '' . After releasing five albums as part of the duo DJ Jazzy Jeff & The Fresh Prince , Smith turned his focus to acting , starring in films such as Bad Boys and Independence Day . During the same period he recorded his first solo album , including the single `` Men in Black '' , which is the theme song to the film of the same name , which topped singles charts in a number of countries . Big Willie Style went on to become Smith 's most commercially successful album , earning him a number of music awards and nominations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76bd76d5e4085b42fe0f5b78c37caa19",
"text": "Wang Lun Wang Lun ( died November 1 , 1774 ) was the leader of the White Lotus sect in Shandong province , China in the 1770s . He preached a millenarian philosophy , emphasizing the imminent coming of the Buddha Maitreya . A martial arts master and self-taught physician , Wang taught his followers yoga , meditation , and the ability to fast for very long periods by drinking purified water . His group became known as the `` Pure Water Sect '' , and by 1774 numbered several thousand . Having told the sect that he was the reincarnation of Maitreya and was destined to become Emperor of China , he mobilized his followers and marched on the city of Shouzhang on October 3 , 1774 . With the help of confederates inside the city gates , the rebels quickly seized the city and ransacked the treasury and granary . They held the city for a few days only , before abandoning it to attack the city of Yangku . Yangku was easily captured , as the local garrison was marching to relieve Shouzhang , which the local authorities believed was still in rebel hands . The rebels then moved on to capture the towns of Tangyi and then Liulin with ease , and from there they marched on to Linqing , a large and strategically important city . Before reaching Linqing , Wang Lun 's rebels defeated Qing dynasty troops at every engagement , and rumor spread that the rebels practiced invulnerability magic . Many city officials of Linqing fled in terror before the White Lotus rebels arrived at the city on October 11 . Over the next few weeks , Wang Lun 's forces besieged the city , but the Qing defenses commanded by Qin Zhenjun effectively resisted the attack . Eyewitnesses reported that rebel troops fought fiercely even when there seemed to be no hope . Wang Lun 's young concubine Wu Sannian reportedly held off Qing soldiers for hours singlehandedly before being overcome and killed . By October 31 , Wang was surrounded . Determined not to be captured alive , he set fire to the tower in which he was trapped . His burned body were identified by his sword and bracelets . In fiction , Wang 's life is narrated in Alfred Döblin 's 1916 historical novel , The Three Leaps of Wang Lun .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eb6c4391d6099a4480c69d005447066",
"text": "Kung Fu Panda 2 Kung Fu Panda 2 is a 2011 3D American computer-animated comedy-drama martial arts film , directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson , produced by DreamWorks Animation , and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2008 film Kung Fu Panda and the second installment in the Kung Fu Panda franchise . Jack Black , Angelina Jolie , Dustin Hoffman , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , James Hong , and Jackie Chan reprise their character roles from the original film . They are joined by Gary Oldman , Michelle Yeoh and Danny McBride . In the film , Po and the Furious Five battle an evil peacock named Lord Shen who has a powerful weapon that he plans to conquer China with . However Po discovers a terrifying secret about his past in the process . The film was released in theatres May 26 , 2011 in Real D 3D and Digital 3D . Kung Fu Panda 2 grossed $ 665 million worldwide against its $ 150 million budget . The film was the highest-grossing animated feature film of the year and was nominated for the 2011 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A sequel , titled Kung Fu Panda 3 , and directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and Alessandro Carloni , was released on January 29 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b1850eb615a8c84ee35d2ac0ae91cab",
"text": "Unbelievable (Wang Leehom album) Unbelievable is the 9th album of the Taiwanese R&B artist and composer , Leehom Wang , and was released on October 15 , 2003 . The album was awarded one of the Top 10 Selling Mandarin Albums of the Year at the 2004 IFPI Hong Kong Album Sales Awards , presented by the Hong Kong branch of IFPI .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f",
"text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81b062da02abb7143a8918828c36bbcd",
"text": "Wang Youcai Wang Youcai ( born June 29 , 1966 ) , an active dissident of the Chinese Government , was one of the supporters of democracy in China and an important student leader in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Then a graduate student at the Peking University , he was arrested in 1989 and sentenced to four years in 1991 for `` conspiring to overthrow the Government of China '' . He was released early , in November 1991 , due to the help of former U.S. Secretary of State James Baker , who visited Beijing in 1991 . In June 25 , 1998 , he and his colleagues organized the China Democracy Party , which was subsequently banned by the Chinese government . In December 1998 the Chinese government sentenced him to 11 years in prison for subversion . He was released from prison and exiled in 2004 under international political pressure , especially from the United States . Wang was a visiting scholar at Fairbank Center at Harvard University for one year , and completed his master 's degree at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2006 . He is one of the members of the Chinese Constitutional Democratic Transition Research and one of the members of the Coordinative Service Platform of China Democracy Party . On July 15 , 2009 , he became co-advisor of Overseas Supporters ' Association of the China Democracy Party , and later became co-executive associate for Committee of Exiled members of the China Democracy Party on October 10 , 2009 . He did his Ph.D. research on quark transversity at National Jefferson Laboratory in Newport News , Virginia from June 2007 to June 2010 . He was awarded a Ph.D. degree in physics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2011 . He worked at American Express in New York from February 2011 to January 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "edf8ee43f0c8b785c4beed7b1557ef21",
"text": "Blackhats Blackhats is an upcoming action film , directed by Laron Austin and produced by Eddie Singleton , Martin Kelley , Bennie Swint and Errol Sadler . The screenplay was written by Eddie Singleton and Martin Kelley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40914657c865e0884464a91fcda3b7f1",
"text": "Black Like Who? Black Like Who ? is Rinaldo Walcott 's first book . It was published in 1997 by Insomniac Press in Toronto . This book came out of Walcott 's PhD research which focused on rap music and culture . The essays in Black Like Who ? demonstrate Walcott 's expanded interest concerning the theorizing of Black Canada more generally . The titles of essays included in this compilation will indicate the breadth of Walcott 's scholarly engagement with themes related to the Black Canadian experiences and expressions : Introduction : Writing Blackness After ... `` Going to the North '' : The Limit of Black Diasporic Discourse ( s ) `` A Tough Geography '' : Towards a Poetics of Black Space ( s ) in Canada The Politics of Third Cinema in Canada : Reading the Narrative of Clement Virgo 's Rude `` Keep on Movin ' '' : Rap , Black Atlantic Identities and the Problem of Nation `` No Language is Neutral '' : The Politics of Performativity in M. Nourbese Philip 's and Dionne Brand 's Poetry Black Subjectivities : Ethnicity , Race and the Politics of Film in Canada Scattered Speculations on Canadian Blackness ; Or , Grammar for Black Several of these essays have been published or republished in other sources .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0da1b85495ef97419cd7e95f22a1c043",
"text": "Bałwan Bałwan pl , balvan / балван sr ( literally wood block ) or balvan ky -- today , literally indistinguishable from everyday word for snowman , is an ancient word common to all Slavic languages , describing a statuesque or monolithic depiction or a pillar or a plinth depicting or erected in honor of a deity . This object was worshipped , or constituted a tangible representation of a cult image . The Western Slavs transcribed and pronounced the word as bałwan ( in American English pronounced : BOW as in the phrase bow-wow and von as in Stratford-Upon-Avon , with the accent on the penultimate ( in this case , the first ) syllable , as is the typical stress ) , which is its contemporary and old Polish lexical manifestation , whereas the Southern Slavs and the Eastern Slavs used the just slightly differently-voweled bołwan ( English pronunciation : BOH-van ) . The word itself has Sanskrit origins , where it figures as bala ( the force ) appended witth the suffix - van signifying possession of an attribute , thus etymologically bałwan means strong , powerful , mighty . In the Kyrgyz language of Central Asia , geographically remote from the territories Slavs are today identified with in Europe , balvan is a `` strongman '' or a hero , whereas in Persian , pahlevān denotes a militant or a veteran , as well as the plinth or boundary marker erected in his or her honor , or even a cairn , and , by extension , a fool . That latter meaning , at first secondary , became primary after Christianity was imposed on the Slavs , making bałwan acquire a distinctly pejorative primary meaning . Some suggest that the Slavs share throughout their idioms such as they have evolved apart this single entity -- a common term for all cult objects in the form of a statue or cairn -- might suggest that idolatry spread early among the Slavic peoples , perhaps when they came in contact with Turkic peoples or Iranian . A word with similar etymology is the Slavic word for God ( when capitalized ) or deity , bóg , a cognate of Sanskrit `` bhaga '' / Iranian or Persian bag . In India the concept of a deity or god is often relayed with the word bhagvan , variously transcribed as bhagwan . A derived term from bałwan is the Slavic word for idolatry : bałwochwalstwo '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34c6e346f37a655eadc56b51dcc64ecc",
"text": "Asian South Africans The majority of Asian South Africans are of Indian origin , most of whom are descended from indentured workers transported to work in the 19th century on the sugar plantations of the eastern coastal area , then known as Natal . They are largely English speaking , although many also retain the languages of their ancestors . There is also a significant group of Chinese South Africans ( approximately 300,000 individuals ) , of whom the great majority are recent immigrants of the last two decades . In total the 1.2 million Asians in South Africa represent about two percent of the nation 's population . Most are of Indian or South Asian origin , although there is also a rapidly increasing number of people of Chinese , who were sometimes classified as Coloured ( mixed race ) , `` Other '' , or at least partially as `` White '' under Apartheid ) . Traditionally , the group does not include the `` Cape Malays '' , who were descended ( at least in part ) from South East Asians , who were classified as `` Coloured '' under apartheid . The term Indian is far more commonly used than Asian in South Africa , although examples of both usages can be found .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79f4abb01c54be173902832f68dcdcf4",
"text": "The Unseeable The Unseeable ( เปนชู้กับผี ; literally `` Committing Adultery with Ghost '' ) is a 2006 Thai horror film directed by Wisit Sasanatieng . This is the first film of another writer 's screenplay by the director . The writer is Kongkiat Khomsiri , one of the `` Ronin Team '' credited with directing the 2005 Thai horror film Art of the Devil 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f473c702189bf20dee62a2fb64e90490",
"text": "Black light theatre Black Light Theatre ( in Czech černé divadlo ) or simply Black Theatre , is a theatrical performance style characterized by the use of black box theatre augmented by black light illusion . This form of theatre originated from Asia and can be found in many places around the world . It has become a speciality of Prague , where many theatres use it . The distinctive characteristics of `` black theatre '' are the use of black curtains , a darkened stage , and `` black lighting '' ( UV light ) , paired with fluorescent costumes in order to create intricate visual illusions . This `` black cabinet '' technique was used by Georges Méliès , and by theatre revolutionary Konstantin Stanislavski ( especially in his production of Cain ) . The technique , paired with the expressive artistry of dance , mime and acrobatics of the performers is able to create remarkable spectacles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0faaff35964c6446434d97cffee4625",
"text": "Lady Vengeance Lady Vengeance ( ; lit . `` Kind-hearted Geum-ja '' ; Korean English title : Sympathy for Lady Vengeance ) is a 2005 South Korean psychological thriller film by director Park Chan-wook . The film is the third installment in Park 's The Vengeance Trilogy , following Sympathy for Mr. Vengeance ( 2002 ) and Oldboy ( 2003 ) . It stars Lee Young-ae as Lee Geum-ja , a woman released from prison after serving the sentence for a murder she did not commit . The film tells her story of revenge against the real murderer . The film debuted on 29 July 2005 in South Korea , and competed for the Golden Lion at the 62nd Venice International Film Festival in September 2005 . While it failed to win in competition , it did walk away with Cinema of The Future , the Young Lion Award , and the Best Innovated Film Award in the non-competition section . It won the award for Best Film at the 26th Blue Dragon Film Awards . The film had its U.S. premiere on 30 September 2005 at the New York Film Festival . It began its limited release in North American theatres on 5 May 2006 , to favorable reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1e70aedc07ce328363e84d40d8cc2dd",
"text": "Persecution of Falun Gong The persecution of Falun Gong refers to the campaign initiated in 1999 by the Chinese Communist Party to eliminate the spiritual practice of Falun Gong in China . It is characterized by a multifaceted propaganda campaign , a program of enforced ideological conversion and re-education , and a variety of extralegal coercive measures such as arbitrary arrests , forced labor , and physical torture , sometimes resulting in death . Falun Gong is a qigong discipline combining slow-moving exercises and meditation with a moral philosophy centered on the tenets of truthfulness , compassion and tolerance . It was founded by Li Hongzhi , who introduced it to the public in May 1992 in Changchun , Jilin . Following a period of rapid growth in the 1990s , the Communist Party launched a campaign to `` eradicate '' Falun Gong on 20 July 1999 . An extra-constitutional body called the 6-10 Office was created to lead the persecution of Falun Gong . The authorities mobilized the state media apparatus , judiciary , police , army , the education system , families , and workplaces against the group . The campaign was driven by large-scale propaganda through television , newspaper , radio and internet . There are reports of systematic torture , illegal imprisonment , forced labor , organ harvesting and abusive psychiatric measures , with the apparent aim of forcing practitioners to recant their belief in Falun Gong . Foreign observers estimate that hundreds of thousands and perhaps millions of Falun Gong practitioners have been detained in `` re-education through labor '' camps , prisons , and other detention facilities for refusing to renounce the spiritual practice . Former prisoners have reported that Falun Gong practitioners consistently received `` the longest sentences and worst treatment '' in labor camps , and in some facilities Falun Gong practitioners formed the substantial majority of detainees . As of 2009 at least 2,000 Falun Gong practitioners had been tortured to death in the persecution campaign . Some international observers and judicial authorities have described the campaign against Falun Gong as a genocide . In 2009 , courts in Spain and Argentina indicted senior Chinese officials for genocide and crimes against humanity for their role in orchestrating the suppression of Falun Gong . In 2006 , allegations emerged that a large number of Falun Gong practitioners had been killed to supply China 's organ transplant industry . An initial investigation found that `` the source of 41,500 transplants for the six year period 2000 to 2005 is unexplained '' and concluded that `` there has been and continues today to be large scale organ seizures from unwilling Falun Gong practitioners '' . Ethan Gutmann estimates 65,000 Falun Gong practitioners were killed for their organs from 2000 to 2008 . Following additional analysis , the researchers significantly raised the estimates on the number of Falun Gong practitioners who may have been targeted for organ harvesting . In 2008 United Nations Special Rapporteurs reiterated their requests for `` the Chinese government to fully explain the allegation of taking vital organs from Falun Gong practitioners and the source of organs for the sudden increase in organ transplants that has been going on in China since the year 2000 '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3afd134115213ad0846d28bd5966842d",
"text": "Black Rodeo Black Rodeo is a 1972 documentary by filmmaker Jeff Kanew .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c4d2e4a4fe93864e502153c6856f4448 | Tom Hiddleston appeared in Henry IV. | [
{
"docid": "2f5c6b8fe8a95205e243367b2fe221cf",
"text": "Tom Hiddleston Thomas William Hiddleston ( born 9 February 1981 ) is an English actor , producer and musical performer . At the beginning of his career , he appeared in West End theatre productions of Cymbeline ( 2007 ) and Ivanov ( 2008 ) . He won the Laurence Olivier Award for Best Newcomer in a Play for his role in Cymbeline and was also nominated for the same award for his role as Cassio in Othello . He came to wider public attention when cast as Loki in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , appearing in Thor ( 2011 ) , The Avengers ( 2012 ) , Thor : The Dark World ( 2013 ) , and Thor : Ragnarok ( 2017 ) . In 2011 , he won the Empire Award for Best Male Newcomer and was nominated for the BAFTA Rising Star Award . Hiddleston has also appeared in Steven Spielberg 's War Horse ( 2011 ) , The Deep Blue Sea ( 2011 ) , Woody Allen 's romantic comedy Midnight in Paris ( 2011 ) , the 2012 BBC series Henry IV and Henry V , and the romantic vampire film Only Lovers Left Alive ( 2013 ) . In late 2013 and early 2014 , Hiddleston starred as the title character in the Donmar Warehouse production of Coriolanus , winning the Evening Standard Theatre Award for Best Actor . In 2015 , he starred in Guillermo del Toro 's Crimson Peak , Ben Wheatley 's High Rise , and played the troubled country music singer Hank Williams in the biopic I Saw The Light . In 2016 , he starred in and was an executive producer of the AMC / BBC limited series The Night Manager , for which he received two Primetime Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Limited Series or Movie and Outstanding Limited Series , and won his first Golden Globe Award for Best Actor - Miniseries or Television Film .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "eee975b6eeab2fe09740351bc9adc9c3",
"text": "Lincolnshire Day Lincolnshire Day is celebrated every year on 1 October and marks the anniversary of the Lincolnshire Rising , a revolt by Catholics against the establishment of the Church of England by Henry VIII in 1536 . The first official Lincolnshire Day was held in 2006 to commemorate the uprising . The date was voted for by readers of Lincolnshire Life magazine and BBC Radio Lincolnshire listeners . The day aims to encourage local people , often known as yellowbellies , and those who have moved from the county to honour the historical event along with Lincolnshire 's traditions , past and culture . Some people dress up in yellow to celebrate the day , while others hold local events and decorate their workplaces with Lincolnshire flags . The home of Lincolnshire sausages , Batemans Brewery and Lincolnshire Poacher cheese to name a few , Lincolnshire remains a rural county renowned for its foods and drinks distributed locally and across the UK . It is also home to the famous Red Arrows RAF display team , Lincoln Cathedral , the Lincolnshire Wolds and original copies of the Magna Carta ( 1215 ) and Charter of the Forest ( 1217 ) , the only place to hold copies of both . Many famous people have come from the county , including Sir Isaac Newton -- scientist , Alfred Lord Tennyson - Poet Laureate , Baroness Thatcher -- Prime Minister , Matthew Flinders -- explorer , Joseph Banks -- explorer and botanist , George Boole -- mathematician , Tony Jacklin CBE -- golfer , Dame Joan Plowright -- actress and Jim Broadbent -- actor . Lincolnshire Day is supported by county businesses and organisations including BBC Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire Co-operative , The Lincolnite , Lincolnshire Business , the Lincolnshire Echo , Lincolnshire Tourism , Lincoln Cathedral , Lincolnshire Life , Lincoln BIG , Tastes of Lincolnshire , Lincolnshire County Council , Shooting Star PR , POP Design , and the Lincolnshire Sports Partnership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "279b10a100e44bf8bd4b835b271889e5",
"text": "The Fourth World War The Fourth World War is a 2003 feature film directed by Richard Rowley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9115f848bafc9464b16dc6c7b86fa11a",
"text": "Henry V Henry V may refer to : In people : Henry V , Holy Roman Emperor ( 1081 -- 1125 ) Henry V , Count Palatine of the Rhine ( 1173 -- 1227 ) Henry V , Count of Luxembourg ( 1216 -- 1281 ) Henry V , Duke of Legnica ( c. 1248 -- 1296 ) Henry V of Iron ( c. 1319 -- after 1369 ) , Duke of Żagań , half-Głogów and half-Ścinawa Henry V of England ( 1387 -- 1422 ) Henry V , Duke of Mecklenburg ( 1479 -- 1552 ) Henri , comte de Chambord , nominally Henry V of France , ( 1820 -- 1883 ) Henry V , Count of Gorizia , Count of Gorizia from the Meinhardiner dynasty In arts : Henry V ( play ) , one of the Shakespearean histories , based on the life of King Henry V of England Henry V ( 1944 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Laurence Olivier The Life of Henry the Fift ( 1979 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by David Giles Henry V ( 1989 film ) , a film adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Kenneth Branagh Henry V ( 2012 film ) , a BBC adaptation of Shakespeare 's play , directed by Thea Sharrock In business : Henry V Events , a communications company",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2968b8130f7c22a17d786f20110b5b23",
"text": "Kemble family Kemble is the name of a family of English actors , who reigned over the British stage for decades . The most famous were Sarah Siddons ( 1755-1831 ) and her brother John Philip Kemble ( 1757-1823 ) , the two eldest of the twelve children of Roger Kemble ( 1721-1802 ) , a strolling player and manager of the Warwickshire Company of Comedians , who in 1753 married an actress , Sarah Ward . Roger Kemble was born in Hereford , and was a grand-nephew of Father John Kemble , a recusant Catholic priest , who was hanged in that city in 1679 . Three younger children of Roger , Stephen Kemble ( 1758-1822 ) , Charles Kemble ( 1775-1854 ) , and Elizabeth Whitlock ( 1761-1836 ) , were also actors , while Ann Hatton was a novelist . In George Henry Harlow 's famous painting The Court for the Trial of Queen Katharine he depicted many of the Kemble family members . The subject of the painting comes from Henry VIII , Act II , Scene iv , and the refutation of Cardinal Wolsey , charged with obtaining Henry 's divorce from his Queen , Katherine . The production was mounted by John Philip Kemble when he took over the management of Covent Garden in 1806 . Harlow was a personal friend of the Kemble family and this picture is homage to his friends . John Philip Kemble clothed in scarlet plays Wolsey ; his brother Charles Kemble ( in black ) has the part of Thomas Cromwell and sits behind the table . Immediately behind and above him is Stephen Kemble as Henry . The sister , Sarah Siddons , is Katherine . The tradition was continued by two daughters of Charles Kemble and Maria Theresa Kemble : actress and Shakespearean reader Fanny Kemble ( 1800-1893 ) and Adelaide Kemble ( 1815-1879 ) , an opera singer . Both Sarah Siddon 's son Henry Kemble and Stephen Kemble 's son , also named Henry Kemble , became actors . Among later members of the Kemble family , mention may also be made of Charles Kemble 's grandson , Henry Kemble ( 1848-1907 ) , a sterling and popular London actor . At least two 20th Century members were Violet Kemble-Cooper and Lillian Kemble-Cooper . Descending from Kemble Croft 's line is Sebastian Croft ( b. 2001 ) , a popular 21st Century actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1488eef2f350a3e200af1008da95602d",
"text": "Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet : the House of Lancaster ( associated with a red rose ) , and the House of York ( whose symbol was a white rose ) . The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487 ; however , there was fighting before and after this period between the houses . The power struggle ignited around social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years ' War , combined with the mental infirmity and weak rule of Henry VI which revived interest in Richard of York 's claim to the throne . Historians disagree about whether the Wars of the Roses were caused by the structural problems of bastard feudalism or Henry VI 's ineffectiveness as king . With the Duke of York 's death , the claim transferred to his heir , Edward , who later became the first Yorkist king of England , as Edward IV . His son reigned for 86 days as Edward V , but Parliament then decided that Edward and his brother Richard were illegitimate and offered the crown to Edward IV 's younger brother , who became Richard III . The two young princes disappeared within the confines of the Tower of London . The final victory went to a claimant of the Lancastrian party , Henry Tudor , Earl of Richmond , who defeated the last Yorkist king , Richard III , at the Battle of Bosworth Field . After assuming the throne as Henry VII , he married Elizabeth of York , the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV , thereby uniting the two claims . The House of Tudor ruled the Kingdom of England until 1603 , with the death of Elizabeth I , granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f207d83accc8913a4acedf3546d067a3",
"text": "Roger Leche Sir Roger Leche ( died 1416 ) was a medieval British courtier , Member of Parliament and Lord High Treasurer . He was born into a well-to-do Derbyshire family and benefitted from being a Lancastrian supporter . After Henry Bolinbroke 's return from exile in 1399 and subsequent coronation as King Henry IV Leche started to acquire property and income from public offices such as Royal commissioner , Justice of the Peace and High Sheriff of Nottinghamshire and Derbyshire for 1400 -- 01 . He became a member of the King 's household , spending time in 1403 securing Carmarthen Castle against the Welsh . He was knighted by 1404 . In 1402 he represented Derbyshire in Parliament for the first time . He would represent the county again in 1406 , 1413 and 1414 . He was made Controller of the Household of Henry IV in 1404 and Steward of the household of Henry , Prince of Wales from 1407 to 1413 . Over the next decade he acquired a large number of positions in the royal household administration . He was Keeper of the city of York for the Crown ( 1405-1406 ) , Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster , Lordship of the High Peak , Derbyshire ( 1405-death ) , Steward of the duchy lordship of Tutbury , Staffordshire ( by 1407-death ) , Bailiff of the High Peak ( by 1413-death ) , Chief Steward of the Duchy of Lancaster north parts ( 1413-death ) and Chamberlain of the Duchy of Lancaster ( 1416-death ) . He was also Constable of Flint Castle from 1407 to his death . After the accession to the throne of Henry V he was appointed Keeper of the household wardrobe in 1413 and promoted to Lord High Treasurer on 17 April 1416 . Ill health forced his retirement on 23 September of the same year and he died two months later . He had married twice . From his first marriage he had a son and heir , Sir Philip Leche , and four daughters . He had secondly married Katherine , the widow of Sir John Bromwich and Sir Hugh Waterton . Sir Philip Leche succeeded him as MP for Derbyshire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "778478b2d1d8d910155feec730cc3719",
"text": "Descendants of Henry IV of France Henry IV of France was the first Bourbon king of France . Formerly known as Henri of Navarre , he succeeded to the French throne with the extinction of House of Valois , at the death of Henry III of France . His descendants are varied and numerous . Some of his descendants are Juan Carlos of Spain , Franz , Duke of Bavaria , Diana , Princess of Wales , actress Brooke Shields and singer and actress Jane Birkin . He had six children with his wife Marie de ' Medici and also had many illegitimate children with his many mistresses . This article deals with each of his children and their respective descendants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c48e1ee4f18f7a6761b813d4faec7f81",
"text": "Richard of Lincoln (illegitimate son of Henry I of England) Richard of Lincoln ( b. before 1101 , d. 25 November 1120 ) was the illegitimate son of Henry I of England , born to Henry and a woman named Ansfride , widow of Aanskill ( origins unknown ) . She is often referred to as Henry 's third mistress . Richard was brought up and educated by Robert Bloet , the Bishop of Lincoln . Bloet had also educated Richard 's half-brother Robert , 1st Earl of Gloucester . Richard is sometimes confused with Richard de Lincoln , an Anglo-Norman prelate who died in 1203 . Richard supported his father in his war with Louis VI of France , although it is unclear at what point he joined the fight with the English forces . According to Orderic Vitalis , he avoided capture by French forces at Les Andelys in 1119 through the help of Ralph the Red of Pont-Echanfray . He continued to fight at his father 's side during the sieged the castle of Évreux being held by Henry 's most detested enemy , Amaury III de Montfort . His last known military adventure was at the battle of Brémule on 20 August 1119 , for which the decisive win by the English led to Louis ' accepting Richard 's half-brother William Adelin as Duke of Normandy . In 1120 , Richard became betrothed to Amice , the daughter of the defender of Brémule , Raoul II de Gael , seigneur of Gael and Montfort , son of Ralph de Gael , Earl of East Anglia . The marriage never took place as Richard died in the wreck of the White Ship on 25 November 1120 . Amice did not accompany him and lived until 1168 , marrying the king 's ward Robert de Beaumont , 2nd Earl of Leicester , and one of many descendents included Ida de Tosny , a mistress of Henry II Curtmantle , King of England .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16d646acf2551a591850cb42c90d87ba",
"text": "Earl of Rochester Earl of Rochester was a title that was created twice in the Peerage of England . The first creation came in 1652 in favour of the Royalist soldier Henry Wilmot , 2nd Viscount Wilmot . He had already been created Baron Wilmot , of Adderbury in the County of Oxford , in 1643 , also in the Peerage of England . He was the son of Charles Wilmot , who had been elevated to the Peerage of Ireland as Viscount Wilmot , of Athlone , in 1622 . Lord Rochester died in 1658 and was succeeded by his son , the second Earl . He was a poet , a friend of King Charles II , and the writer of satirical and bawdy poetry . He married the heiress Elizabeth Malet . He was succeeded on his death in 1680 by his only son , the third Earl . He died at a young age the following year , when the titles became extinct . The second creation came in 1682 in favour of the statesman and writer the Honourable Laurence Hyde . He was made Baron Wotton Basset and Viscount Hyde , of Kenilworth in the County of Warwick , at the same time , also in the Peerage of England . Hyde was the second son of Edward Hyde , 1st Earl of Clarendon . He was succeeded by his only son Henry , the second Earl . He notably served as Lord-Lieutenant of Cornwall . In 1723 he succeeded his cousin as fourth Earl of Clarendon . His only surviving son Henry Hyde , Viscount Cornbury , was summoned to the House of Lords through a writ of acceleration in his father 's junior title of Baron Hyde in 1750 . However , he died in May 1753 , predeceasing his father by seven months . On Lord Clarendon and Rochester 's death in December of the same year all the titles became extinct .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0c3404e557658b8023c807cf689bc69",
"text": "Earl Manvers Earl Manvers was a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom . It was created in 1806 for Charles Medows Pierrepont , 1st Viscount Newark . He had already been created Baron Pierrepont , of Holme Pierrepont in the County of Nottingham , and Viscount Newark , of Newark-on-Trent in the County of Nottingham , in 1796 . Both these titles were in the Peerage of Great Britain . Born Charles Medows , he was the second son of Philip Medows , Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park , by Lady Frances Pierrepont , daughter of William Pierrepont , Earl of Kingston ( 1692 -- 1713 ) , eldest son and heir apparent of Evelyn Pierrepont , 1st Duke of Kingston-upon-Hull . In 1788 Charles Medows had succeeded to the Pierrepont estates on the death of the second Duke 's wife , and assumed the same year by Royal sign manual the surname of Pierrepont in lieu of Medows . Manvers 's eldest son Evelyn Pierrepont predeceased him and he was succeeded by his second son Charles , the second Earl . He was a naval commander and Member of Parliament . He was succeeded by his second and only surviving son , Sydney , the third Earl . He represented Nottinghamshire South in Parliament . He was succeeded by his eldest son , Charles , the fourth Earl . He sat as Conservative Member of Parliament for Newark . On his death the titles passed to his only son Evelyn , the fifth Earl . He suffered a mental breakdown at the age of 17 and never married . The fifth Earl was succeeded by his cousin Gervas Pierrepont , the sixth and last Earl . He was the only son of the Hon Evelyn Henry Pierrepont ( 1856 -- 1926 ) , second son of the third Earl . The sixth Earl 's only son died as a child and the Earldom and subsidiary titles became extinct on the Earl 's death in 1955 . Other members of the family may also be mentioned . Edward Medows ( died 1813 ) , brother of the first Earl , was a Captain in the Royal Navy . Sir William Medows , brother of the first Earl , was a General in the British Army . The Honourable Henry Pierrepont , third son of the first Earl , was a diplomat . The ancestral seat of the Earls Manvers was Thoresby Hall , near Ollerton , Nottinghamshire . The hall itself , built in the 1860s by the third Earl to the designs of Anthony Salvin was the 3rd building on the site replacing a smaller Georgian house which in turn had replaced a large Baroque house designed by Talman which had burned down . It remained the home of the last Countess Manvers until her death aged 95 in 1984 and was subsequently sold by the family and is now a hotel and conference venue . The Thoresby wider agricultural and forestry estate remains with the descendents of the Pierreponts and they have built a new Country House elsewhere on the Estate . A comprehensive school named after him -- Manvers Pierrepont Comprehensive , Carlton Road , Nottingham . The school site still exists but rationalisation transformed it to a College of Further Education .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "caf2a8150edd63c62db470a1eef5442a",
"text": "Jane Shore (1915 film) Jane Shore is a 1915 British silent historical film directed by Bert Haldane and F. Martin Thornton and starring Blanche Forsythe , Roy Travers and Robert Purdie . It is an adaptation of the 1714 play The Tragedy of Jane Shore by Nicholas Rowe and is based on the life of Jane Shore , the mistress of Edward IV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d29c971df00dfcec738c554bc298ac8",
"text": "Tom Courtenay Sir Thomas Daniel `` Tom '' Courtenay ( -LSB- ˈkɔrtni -RSB- born 25 February 1937 ) is an English actor who came to prominence in the early 1960s with a succession of films , including The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner ( 1962 ) , Billy Liar ( 1963 ) , and Doctor Zhivago ( 1965 ) . Since the mid-1960s , he has been known primarily for his work in the theatre , although he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Actor for the film adaptation of The Dresser ( 1983 ) , which he had performed on the West End and on Broadway . He received a knighthood in February 2001 for his service to cinema and theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc",
"text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04c06f49302a6dee09c7f5324a366b6b",
"text": "ITV Sunday Night Theatre ITV Sunday Night Theatre , originally titled ITV Saturday Night Theatre , is a UK television anthology series screened on ITV , and produced by London Weekend Television ( LWT ) . Some episodes were produced with Kestrel Productions . Around 200 episodes aired on ITV from 1969-1974 , including productions of the plays Long Day 's Journey into Night by Eugene O'Neill , A Doll 's House by Henrik Ibsen , and Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw . Other episodes included adaptions of the works of William Shakespeare , James Joyce , Wilkie Collins , Simon Gray , Sam Shepard , Israel Horovitz , Arthur Miller , August Strindberg , J.B. Priestley , Lanford Wilson , and John Mortimer . Among its directors were Michael Lindsay-Hogg , Anthony Page , Mike Newell , Fielder Cook , Ted Kotcheff , Peter Wood , and Vivian Matalon . The actors involved included Helen Mirren , Laurence Olivier , Sean Connery , Anthony Hopkins , Michael Caine , Paul Scofield , George C. Scott , Laurence Harvey , Ralph Richardson , Diana Rigg , Trevor Howard , Glenda Jackson , Diane Cilento , Alec Guinness , Jane Asher , Martin Sheen , Colleen Dewhurst , Jean Marsh , Shelley Winters , Ian Holm , Richard Chamberlain , Edith Evans , John Gielgud , Shirley Knight , Ian McKellen , George Sanders and Margaret Whiting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1113b7cce715675d24f94b6ce86ac447",
"text": "Tom Hardy Edward Thomas Hardy ( born 15 September 1977 ) is an English actor and producer . His motion picture debut was in Ridley Scott 's 2001 action film Black Hawk Down . Hardy 's other notable films include the science fiction film Star Trek : Nemesis ( 2002 ) , the crime film RocknRolla ( 2008 ) , biographical psychological drama Bronson ( 2008 ) , sports drama Warrior ( 2011 ) , Cold War espionage film Tinker Tailor Soldier Spy ( 2011 ) , crime drama Lawless ( 2012 ) , drama Locke ( 2013 ) , mobster film The Drop ( 2014 ) , and the biographical western thriller The Revenant ( 2015 ) , for which he received an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor . He portrayed `` Mad '' Max Rockatansky in the post-apocalyptic film Mad Max : Fury Road ( 2015 ) , and both of the Kray twins in the crime thriller Legend ( 2015 ) . He has appeared in three Christopher Nolan films : the science fiction thriller Inception ( 2010 ) , portrayed Bane in the superhero film The Dark Knight Rises ( 2012 ) , and the action-thriller Dunkirk ( 2017 ) based on the British evacuation in World War II . Hardy 's television roles include the HBO war drama miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) , the BBC historical drama miniseries The Virgin Queen ( 2005 ) , ITV 's Wuthering Heights ( 2008 ) , the Sky 1 drama series The Take ( 2009 ) , and the BBC historical crime drama television series Peaky Blinders ( 2013 ) . He created , co-produced and took the lead in the eight-part historical fiction series Taboo ( 2017 ) on BBC One and FX . Hardy has performed on both British and American stages . He was nominated for the Laurence Olivier Award for Most Promising Newcomer for his role as Skank in the 2003 production of In Arabia We 'd All Be Kings , and was awarded the 2003 London Evening Standard Theatre Award for Outstanding Newcomer for his performances in both In Arabia We 'd All be Kings and for his role as Luca in Blood . He starred in the 2007 production of The Man of Mode and received positive reviews for his role in the 2010 Philip Seymour Hoffman-directed play The Long Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48a22c24195e3780c3994155d86d4ad8",
"text": "Catherine Fillol Catherine Fillol ( or Filliol ) ( c. 1507 - c. 1535 ) was the daughter and co-heiress of Sir William Fillol ( 1453 - 9 July 1527 ) , of Woodlands , Horton , Dorset , and of Fillol 's Hall , Essex . She became the first wife of Sir Edward Seymour , who went on to become the first Duke of Somerset of a new creation , Lord Protector of England and the uncle of King Edward VI , after his sister Jane married King Henry VIII . A 17th-century marginal note to copy of Vincent 's Baronage at College of Heralds alleged that she had had an affair with her father-in-law , Sir John Seymour . However , there is no contemporary evidence to support this . Catherine Fillol may have gone to a local convent , as this seems to be implied by a remark in her father 's will . The will was challenged by Sir Edward Seymour in 1531 , on the basis that his father-in-law was not of sound mind . In 1535 , Sir Edward Seymour married his second wife Anne Stanhope , indicating that Catherine Fillol had probably died no later than early 1535 . Catherine Fillol had two sons , John Seymour ( buried 19 December 1552 ) , who died unmarried and without issue , and Edward Seymour . Edward Seymour had ten more children by his second wife , including his eventual heir Edward Seymour , 1st Earl of Hertford . When he was later created Duke of Somerset , his children by his first marriage were still considered legitimate , but the patent of nobility provides that the dukedom is to descend first to his heirs by Anne , and only in the event of the failure of that line to his heirs by Catherine . With the death of Algernon , the seventh duke of Somerset in 1750 , the Seymour Baronets of Berry Pomeroy Castle , inherited the title of Duke of Somerset . Consequently , the present Duke of Somerset is descended from Catherine Filliol .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b1120501b341327bca0857c699f5e1a",
"text": "The History of King Lear The History of King Lear is an adaptation by Nahum Tate of William Shakespeare 's King Lear . It first appeared in 1681 , some seventy-five years after Shakespeare 's version , and is believed to have replaced Shakespeare 's version on the English stage in whole or in part until 1838 . Unlike Shakespeare 's tragedy , Tate 's play has a happy ending , with Lear regaining his throne , Cordelia marrying Edgar , and Edgar joyfully declaring that `` truth and virtue shall at last succeed . '' Regarded as a tragicomedy , the play has five acts , as does Shakespeare 's , although the number of scenes is different , and the text is about eight hundred lines shorter than Shakespeare 's . Many of Shakespeare 's original lines are retained , or modified only slightly , but a significant portion of the text is entirely new , and much is omitted . The character of the Fool , for example , is absent . Although many critics -- including Joseph Addison , August Wilhelm Schlegel , Charles Lamb , William Hazlitt , and Anna Jameson -- condemned Tate 's adaptation for what they saw as its cheap sentimentality , it was popular with theatregoers , and was approved by Samuel Johnson , who regarded Cordelia 's death in Shakespeare 's play as unbearable . Shakespeare 's version continued to appear in printed editions of his works , but , according to numerous scholars , including A.C. Bradley and Stanley Wells , did not appear on the English stage for over a hundred and fifty years from the date of the first performance of Tate 's play . Actors such as Thomas Betterton , David Garrick , and John Philip Kemble , who were famous for the role of Lear , were portraying Tate 's Lear , not Shakespeare 's . The tragic ending was briefly restored by Edmund Kean in 1823 . In 1838 , William Charles Macready purged the text entirely of Tate , in favour of a shortened version of Shakespeare 's original . Finally , Samuel Phelps returned to the complete Shakespeare text in 1845 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87d5126edfd224467b5807556d966f6d",
"text": "Henry V of England Henry V ( 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 ) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 -- 1453 ) between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt ( 1415 ) and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes ( 1420 ) recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois ( 1401 -- 37 ) . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI ( 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9359f9311e61187c7341ab7a6b41fe31",
"text": "Henry de Ardern Henry de Ardern or Henry Ardern , was Member of Parliament for Warwickshire in 1377 and again in 1380 and Worcestershire from November 1381 . In 1373 Henry bought Park Hall , near Castle Bromwich , from Sir John Botetourt . In 1377 , or 1378 , he was granted the manors of Croome Adam ( now Earls Croome ) and Grafton Flyford by the Earl of Warwick for a red rose . He was the son of Ralph de Ardern and probably born at Curdworth . He died in 1382 He married and had a son , Ralph Ardern who also became the Member of Parliament for Worcestershire in March 1406 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7af77b7e6c4d952eb18e58021ef1cc16",
"text": "Henry VI, Part 1 Henry VI , Part 1 , often referred to as 1 Henry VI , is a history play by William Shakespeare , and possibly Christopher Marlowe and/or Thomas Nashe , believed to have been written in 1591 , and set during the lifetime of King Henry VI of England . Whereas Henry VI , Part 2 deals with the King 's inability to quell the bickering of his nobles , and the inevitability of armed conflict , and Henry VI , Part 3 deals with the horrors of that conflict , Henry VI , Part 1 deals with the loss of England 's French territories and the political machinations leading up to the Wars of the Roses , as the English political system is torn apart by personal squabbles and petty jealousy . Although the Henry VI trilogy may not have been written in chronological order , the three plays are often grouped together with Richard III to form a tetralogy covering the entire Wars of the Roses saga , from the death of Henry V in 1422 to the rise to power of Henry VII in 1485 . It was the success of this sequence of plays that firmly established Shakespeare 's reputation as a playwright . Some regard Henry VI , Part 1 as the weakest of Shakespeare 's plays and , along with Titus Andronicus , it is generally considered one of the strongest candidates for evidence that Shakespeare collaborated with other dramatists early in his career .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c9c0d538ab5e7b367a2909421b2405f8 | George H. W. Bush was vice president of the United States from 1981 to 1989. | [
{
"docid": "66952f020f11c32b56c3783e5545e428",
"text": "George H. W. Bush George Herbert Walker Bush ( born June 12 , 1924 ) is an American politician who was the 41st President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 and the 43rd Vice President of the United States from 1981 to 1989 . A member of the Republican Party , he was previously a congressman , ambassador , and Director of Central Intelligence . He is the oldest living former President and Vice President . Since 2000 , Bush has often been referred to as `` George H. W. Bush '' , `` Bush 41 '' , `` Bush the Elder '' , or `` George Bush Senior '' to distinguish him from his eldest son , George W. Bush , who became the 43rd President of the United States after the 2000 election . Bush was born in Milton , Massachusetts , to Prescott Bush and Dorothy Walker Bush . Following the attack on Pearl Harbor in 1941 , Bush postponed his university studies , enlisted in the U.S. Navy on his 18th birthday , and became the youngest aviator in the U.S. Navy at the time . He served until the end of the war , then attended Yale University . Graduating in 1948 , he moved his family to West Texas and entered the oil business , becoming a millionaire by the age of 40 . Bush became involved in politics soon after founding his own oil company , and he won election to the House of Representatives in 1966 . In 1971 , President Richard Nixon appointed Bush as Ambassador to the United Nations , and in 1973 , Bush became the Chairman of the Republican National Committee . The following year , President Gerald Ford appointed Bush as the ambassador to the People 's Republic of China , and later reassigned Bush to the position of Director of Central Intelligence . Bush ran for president in 1980 but was defeated in the Republican primary by Ronald Reagan . Reagan chose Bush as his running mate , and Bush became vice president after the Reagan -- Bush ticket won the 1980 election . During his eight-year tenure as vice president , Bush headed administration task forces on deregulation and fighting the `` War on Drugs '' . In 1988 , Bush ran a successful campaign to succeed Reagan as President , defeating Democratic opponent Michael Dukakis . Foreign policy drove the Bush presidency : military operations were conducted in Panama and the Persian Gulf ; the Berlin Wall fell in 1989 , and the Soviet Union dissolved two years later . Though the agreement was not ratified until after he left office , Bush also signed the North American Free Trade Agreement , which created a trade bloc consisting of the United States , Canada , and Mexico . Domestically , Bush reneged on a 1988 campaign promise and , after a struggle with Congress , signed an increase in taxes that Congress had passed . In the wake of a weak recovery from an economic recession , along with continuing budget deficits and the diminution of foreign politics as a major issue in a post-Cold War political climate , he lost the 1992 presidential election to Democrat Bill Clinton . Bush left office in 1993 . His presidential library was dedicated in 1997 , and he has been active -- often alongside Bill Clinton -- in various humanitarian activities . With George W. Bush 's victory in the 2000 presidential election , Bush and his son became the second father-son combination to serve as president , following John Adams and John Quincy Adams . Another member of the Bush family , Bush 's second son Jeb Bush , served as the 43rd Governor of Florida ( 1999 -- 2007 ) and sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "bf899940b5b4e5c00ccec8e14dfbd99f",
"text": "List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons Of the 44 people who have been President of the United States , roughly one-third ( 14 , or by some counts 15 * ) were Freemasons . Along with the presidents listed below , Lyndon Johnson had been initiated into the 1st Degree of Freemasonry ( an `` Entered Apprentice '' ) but did not advance any further and did not become a full member of his lodge , Ronald Reagan was made an honorary Freemason , and Bill Clinton as a youth was a member of the Order of DeMolay . * - Because of LBJ 's initiation into the fraternal organization , many lists of Freemason Presidents include him , with a total of 15 . ( It can also be noted that some historians state that David Rice Atchison , member of Platte Lodge No. 56 , Mo , served as `` Ex-officio president '' for one day : March 4 , 1849 . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d79f208289ead025018b8e9bd1a7c2da",
"text": "United States presidential election in Tennessee, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Tennessee took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Tennessee voters chose 11 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Tennessee was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "033a0c3f40eb1d28b96b26f66adb3cf8",
"text": "United States presidential election in New York, 1980 The 1980 United States presidential election in New York took place on November 4 , 1980 . All 50 states and The District of Columbia , were part of the 1980 United States presidential election . New York voters chose forty one electors to the Electoral College , which voted for President and Vice President . New York was won by former California Governor Ronald Reagan , in a narrow victory against President of the United States Jimmy Carter , who failed to gain reelection against Reagan . Also in the running was Independent candidate Congressman John B. Anderson of Illinois , who ran in New York as the Liberal Party candidate . Reagan won the state with a plurality of 46.66 % of the vote to Carter 's 43.99 % , a margin of 2.67 % . Anderson finished in third with 7.54 % . New York 's election results reflect the Republican Party 's re-consolidation of base under what is popularly called the `` Reagan Revolution , '' which sounded various overwhelming conservative electoral victories across the United States throughout the 1980s - and most evidently against the relatively unpopular President Carter during the 1980 presidential election . New York weighed in for this election as more Democratic than the national average by about 7 % . This election is notable in that , while the highly populated regions of New York City , Buffalo , and Albany turned out for Carter , the election in the state was tipped by the majority of less-populated upstate counties , combined with heavily populated suburban counties around NYC , most of which were won by Reagan . Carter actually picked up plurality wins in 2 counties which he had lost in 1976 : Monroe County , home to the city of Rochester , and Niagara County . A major contributing factor to Reagan 's victory over Carter was the relatively strong third party showing by independent candidate John B. Anderson , a former liberal Republican congressman who garnered 8 % of the vote in the State - twice the 4 % margin by which Carter had won New York in 1976 . Running on the ballot line of New York 's Liberal Party , Anderson attracted the votes of many liberals and moderates who normally leaned Democratic but were dissatisfied with the policies of the Carter Administration , thus splitting the left-leaning vote in New York State . In the heavily populated , and very liberal , 5 boroughs of New York City , Carter still won overall , and Reagan made only modest gains in vote share over Gerald Ford 's 1976 showing of 33 % , taking 37 % in the city in 1980 . However , although still winning 4 out of 5 boroughs , Carter bled a massive amount of support in the city to Anderson , dropping from 66 % in 1976 to only 55 % in 1980 . Since Democratic victories in New York State in that era depended on running up massive margins in New York City to overcome the rest of the state 's Republican lean , the reduced margin in the city from vote-splitting would prove fatal to Carter 's chances of winning the state in 1980 . While Reagan only bled about 1 % of Republican base support in the state ( winning a plurality in a 3-way-race with 46.66 % while Gerald Ford had lost the state in a two-man race with 47.52 % in 1976 ) , Carter bled nearly 8 % of his 1976 support , falling from a 51.95 % majority win in 1976 to a losing 43.99 % in 1980 , most of those lost Democratic base votes going to Anderson instead . This remains the last election in which a Republican presidential nominee has won Tompkins County in upstate New York , home to the college town of Ithaca , where Cornell University and Ithaca College are located . Reagan narrowly won the county with a plurality of 42 % to Carter 's 40 % , while Anderson took nearly 14 % , making it Anderson 's strongest county in the state . In 1984 , Tompkins County would vote against Reagan and in the following years it would become the most Democratic county in upstate New York , giving Barack Obama over 70 % of the vote in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed6500caf6f27d287848912d3ce8fcaf",
"text": "World Freedom Day (United States) World Freedom Day is a United States federal observance declared by then-President George W. Bush to commemorate the fall of the Berlin Wall and the end of communist rule in Central and Eastern Europe . It started in 2001 and is celebrated on November 9 . For this occasion , conservative youth groups such as Young America 's Foundation and the College Republicans urge students to commemorate this day ( which they mark as the start of `` Freedom Week , '' thus including Veterans Day ) by `` celebrating victory over communism '' through provocative flyer campaigns and activism projects . Many conservative political commentators and activists use World Freedom Day as an occasion in which to acclaim President Ronald Reagan , whom they regard as being responsible for the collapse of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d62d1fb88841a69fdb1b80342bac7da",
"text": "Presidential Records Act The Presidential Records Act ( PRA ) of 1978 , , is an Act of Congress of the United States governing the official records of Presidents and Vice Presidents created or received after January 20 , 1981 , and mandating the preservation of all presidential records . The PRA changed the legal ownership of the official records of the President from private to public , and established a new statutory structure under which Presidents must manage their records . Specifically , the Presidential Records Act : Defines and states public ownership of the records . Places the responsibility for the custody and management of incumbent Presidential records with the President . Allows the incumbent President to dispose of records that no longer have administrative , historical , informational , or evidentiary value , once he has obtained the views of the Archivist of the United States on the proposed disposal . Requires that the President and his staff take all practical steps to file personal records separately from Presidential records . Establishes a process for restriction and public access to these records . Specifically , the PRA allows for public access to Presidential records through the Freedom of Information Act ( FOIA ) beginning five years after the end of the Administration , but allows the President to invoke as many as six specific restrictions to public access for up to twelve years . The PRA also establishes procedures for Congress , courts , and subsequent administrations to obtain special access to records that remain closed to the public , following a 30‑day notice period to the former and current Presidents . Requires that Vice-Presidential records are to be treated in the same way as Presidential records . Executive Order 12667 - Issued by President Reagan in January 1989 , this executive order established the procedures for NARA and former and incumbent Presidents to implement the PRA . Executive Order 13233 - This executive order , issued by President George W. Bush on November 1 , 2001 , supersedes the previous executive order . The Bush executive order also includes the documents of former Vice Presidents . Executive Order 13489 - Issued by President Barack Obama on January 21 , 2009 , restored the implementation of the PRA of 1978 as practiced under President Reagan 's Executive Order 12667 and revoked President Bush 's Executive Order 13233 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a588f0e5acd7bfd16724679d656fb592",
"text": "Inauguration of Gerald Ford The inauguration of Gerald Ford as the 38th President of the United States was held on August 9 , 1974 , in the East Room of the White House in Washington , D.C. , following the resignation of President Richard Nixon . The inauguration marked the commencement of Gerald Ford 's only term ( a partial term of ) as President . Chief Justice Warren Burger administered the oath of office . The Bible upon which Ford recited the oath was held by his wife , Betty Ford , open to Proverbs 3:5 -6 . While this was the ninth non-scheduled , extraordinary inauguration to take place since the presidency was established in 1789 , it was the first to take place because the incumbent had resigned from office . Ford had become Vice President on December 6 , 1973 , after the resignation of Spiro Agnew . He was the first person appointed to the vice presidency under the terms of the Twenty-fifth Amendment . Thus , when he succeeded Nixon , Ford became the first ( and to date only ) person to have held both the office of Vice President and President without having been elected to either .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27b516a07e60c80bacc40d9851abc89a",
"text": "United States presidential election in Nebraska, 1992 The 1992 United States presidential election in Nebraska took place on November 3 , 1992 , as part of the 1992 United States presidential election . Voters chose five representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Nebraska was won by incumbent President George H.W. Bush ( R-Texas ) with 46.58 % of the popular vote over Governor Bill Clinton ( D-Arkansas ) with 29.40 % . Businessman Ross Perot ( I-Texas ) finished in third with 23.63 % of the popular vote . Clinton ultimately won the national vote , defeating both incumbent President Bush and Perot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd1e3674708129b1aa0f17e0bbee1c4",
"text": "United States presidential election in Arizona, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 6 , 1984 . All fifty states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Arizona voters chose seven electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Arizona was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d4ad2c736e7869d3f4f22380d9b8529",
"text": "Electoral history of Dick Cheney Electoral history of Dick Cheney , 46th Vice President of the United States ( 2001 -- 2009 ) , 17th United States Secretary of Defense ( 1989 -- 1993 ) , United States Representative from Wyoming ( 1979 -- 1989 , including Minority Whip , 1989 ) and White House Chief of Staff ( 1975 -- 1977 ) Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1978 ( Republican primary ) : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1978 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1980 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1982 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1984 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1986 : Wyoming 's At-large congressional district , 1988 United States Secretary of Defense , 1989 ( Confirmation in the United States Senate ) : Yea -- 92 Nay -- 0 Not voting -- 8 2000 Republican National Convention ( Vice Presidential tally ) : Dick Cheney -- 2,066 ( 100.00 % ) United States presidential election , 2000 : George W. Bush/Dick Cheney ( R ) -- 50,460,110 ( 47.9 % ) and 271 electoral votes ( 30 states carried ) Al Gore/Joe Lieberman ( D ) -- 51,003,926 ( 48.4 % ) and 266 electoral votes ( 20 states and D.C. carried ) Abstaining -- 1 electoral vote ( Washington , D.C. faithless elector ) Ralph Nader/Winona LaDuke ( Green ) -- 2,883,105 ( 2.7 % ) Pat Buchanan/Ezola Foster ( Reform ) -- 449,225 ( 0.4 % ) Harry Browne/Art Olivier ( Libertarian ) -- 384,516 ( 0.4 % ) Howard Phillips/Curtis Frazier ( Constitution ) -- 98,022 ( 0.1 % ) John Hagelin/Nat Goldhaber ( Natural Law ) -- 83,702 ( 0.1 % ) Others -- 54,652 ( 0.1 % ) 2004 Republican National Convention ( Vice Presidential tally ) : Dick Cheney -- unamiously United States presidential election , 2004 : George W. Bush/Dick Cheney ( R ) ( inc. ) -- 62,040,610 ( 50.73 % ) and 286 electoral votes ( 31 states carried ) John Kerry/John Edwards ( D ) -- 59,028,444 ( 48.27 % ) and 251 electoral votes ( 19 states and D.C. carried ) John Edwards ( D ) -- 1 electoral vote ( Minnesota faithless elector ) Ralph Nader/Peter Camejo ( I ) -- 465,650 ( 0.38 % ) Michael Badnarik/Richard Campagna ( Libertarian ) -- 397,265 ( 0.32 % ) Michael Peroutka/Chuck Baldwin ( Constitution ) -- 143,630 ( 0.12 % ) David Cobb/Pat LaMarche ( Green ) -- 119,859 ( 0.096 % )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60778b4338b21163fd53ec9bb47601a5",
"text": "United States presidential election in South Carolina, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in South Carolina took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . South Carolina voters chose 8 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . South Carolina was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bfe2300524206996f288c1d8bf471d5",
"text": "United States vice-presidential debate, 1992 The 1992 vice-presidential debate was part of the 1992 presidential election . The participants were Democratic nominee , Bill Clinton 's running mate , U.S. Senator Al Gore from Tennessee ; Ross Perot 's running mate , retired Vice Admiral James Stockdale ; and Republican candidate , incumbent Vice President Dan Quayle . It was held on Tuesday , October 13 , 1992 . The debate was held at Georgia Tech in Atlanta , Georgia . Hal Bruno of ABC News served as moderator . Stockdale , Perot 's running mate , became an object of ridicule afterwards including being lampooned on Saturday Night Live . Stockdale often seemed confused and disoriented ; at one point he asked that a question be repeated because his hearing aid was not on . At another point when asked about abortion , Stockdale merely said `` What a woman does with her body is her business period '' . However , it should be pointed out that Stockdale only had one week to prepare for the debate and had not discussed any of the issues with Perot beforehand . At one point , when Quayle and Gore were squabbling back and forth , Stockdale said , `` I think you can see why this country is in gridlock '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4d6c9b2e7a57d1f2af31bd6d7c624c",
"text": "United States presidential election in Illinois, 1984 The 1984 United States presidential election in Illinois took place on November 6 , 1984 . All 50 states and the District of Columbia , were part of the 1984 United States presidential election . Illinois voters chose 24 electors to the Electoral College , which selected the President and Vice President of the United States . Illinois was won by incumbent United States President Ronald Reagan of California , who was running against former Vice President Walter Mondale of Minnesota . Reagan ran for a second time with former C.I.A. Director George H. W. Bush of Texas , and Mondale ran with Representative Geraldine Ferraro of New York , the first major female candidate for the Vice-Presidency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22e88287686edf3a9e26cfe78d757c21",
"text": "United States presidential election in Arizona, 2000 The 2000 United States presidential election in Arizona took place on November 7 , 2000 throughout all 50 states and D.C. , which was part of the 2000 United States presidential election . Voters chose 8 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Arizona was won by Governor George W. Bush by a 6.3 % margin of victory . Ralph Nader received 3 % , as all of the other candidates received a combined 1 % . Pre-election polling showed that Bush had a solid lead of Gore . Bush won all the congressional districts , except Arizona 's 2nd congressional district . The key for Bush 's victory was Maricopa County , which has by far the highest population in the state . Bush made history by winning Greenlee County . This thinly populated working class county , which has been dependent on copper mining as the basis for its economy , had voted Democratic in every election since Arizona achieved statehood from 1912 to 1996 , and now is a Republican stronghold in the 21st century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "667227e9bc104d26c044a97e62e332d0",
"text": "Joe Biden presidential campaign, 1988 The 1988 presidential campaign of Joe Biden , the longtime Democratic United States Senator from Delaware and eventual 47th Vice President of the United States began on June 1987 . He ran for President of the United States in the 1988 United States presidential election . He was considered one of the potentially strongest candidates in the field . However , in September 1987 , newspaper stories stated he had plagiarized a speech by British politician Neil Kinnock . Other allegations of past law school plagiarism and exaggerating his academic record soon followed . Biden withdrew from the race later that month .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8963257c6ec1dae9bb87b152d103b85c",
"text": "New Democrats New Democrats , also called Centrist Democrats , Clinton Democrats or Moderate Democrats , are a relatively `` centrist '' ideological faction within the Democratic Party that emerged after the victory of Republican George H. W. Bush in the 1988 presidential election . Describing themselves as `` centrist '' , they are an economically conservative and `` Third Way '' faction which dominated the party for around 20 years , starting in the late 1980s after the US populace turned much further to the political right . They are represented by organizations such as the New Democrat Network and the New Democrat Coalition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c798ee8225f79ab7b53d30338c4c95ad",
"text": "United States presidential election, 1992 The United States presidential election of 1992 was the 52nd quadrennial presidential election . It was held on Tuesday , November 3 , 1992 . There were three major candidates : Incumbent Republican President George H. W. Bush , Democratic Arkansas Governor Bill Clinton , and independent Texas businessman Ross Perot . Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes . The economy was in recession and Bush 's perceived greatest strength , foreign policy , was regarded as much less important following the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East after the defeat of Iraq in the Gulf War . Clinton won a plurality in the popular vote , and a wide Electoral College margin . The election was a significant realigning election after three consecutive Republican landslides . Northeastern , Upper Midwest , and West Coast states which had previously been competitive began voting reliably Democratic . As of 2016 , this is the most recent election in which an incumbent president was unseated , the previous one having been the 1980 election in which Ronald Reagan unseated then-incumbent Jimmy Carter . Perot 's campaign took 18.9 % of the vote , finishing second in Maine and Utah . This was noted for being the highest vote share of a third-party candidate since 1912 , though he did not obtain any electoral votes . As of 2017 , this is the last time Georgia and Montana voted for the Democratic candidate , and the last time the state of Florida was on the losing end of the presidential election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ff1a18d053d197b9dc43b5f4b0469ac",
"text": "Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection, 1968 This article lists those who were potential candidates for the Republican nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 1968 election . After winning the Republican presidential nomination at the 1968 Republican National Convention , former Vice President Richard Nixon convened a series of meetings with close advisers and party leaders such as Strom Thurmond in order to choose his running mate . Nixon ultimately asked the convention to nominate Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew as his running mate . By a large margin , Agnew won the vice presidential nomination on the first ballot over Michigan Governor George W. Romney , who was supported by a faction of liberal Republicans . Nixon chose Agnew because he wanted a centrist who was broadly acceptable to the party , had experience with domestic issues , and appealed to Southern voters ( to counter the third party candidacy of former Alabama Governor George Wallace ) . The Nixon-Agnew ticket defeated the Humphrey-Muskie ticket , and also won re-election in 1972 , defeating the McGovern-Shriver ticket . However , Agnew was forced to resign as Vice President in 1973 due to a controversy regarding his personal taxes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c25bdf07233bd9033fce25930a442466",
"text": "National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive The National Security and Homeland Security Presidential Directive ( National Security Presidential Directive NSPD 51/Homeland Security Presidential Directive HSPD-20 , sometimes called simply `` Executive Directive 51 '' for short ) , created and signed by President of the United States George W. Bush on May 4 , 2007 , is a Presidential Directive which claims power to execute procedures for continuity of the federal government in the event of a `` catastrophic emergency '' . Such an emergency is construed as `` any incident , regardless of location , that results in extraordinary levels of mass casualties , damage , or disruption severely affecting the U.S. population , infrastructure , environment , economy , or government functions . '' The unclassified portion of the directive was posted on the White House website on May 9 , 2007 , without any further announcement or press briefings , although Special Assistant to George W. Bush Gordon Johndroe answered several questions on the matter when asked about it by members of the press in early June 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60f6e66a9147a315313e41b077285689",
"text": "Dan Quayle James Danforth `` Dan '' Quayle ( born February 4 , 1947 ) is an American politician and lawyer . He was the 44th Vice President of the United States from 1989 to 1993 under President George H. W. Bush . He was also a U.S. Representative ( 1977 -- 81 ) and U.S. Senator ( 1981 -- 89 ) from the state of Indiana . A native of Indianapolis , Indiana , Quayle spent most of his childhood living in Paradise Valley , Arizona , a suburb of Phoenix . He married Marilyn Tucker in 1972 and obtained his J.D. from the Indiana University Robert H. McKinney School of Law in 1974 . He practiced law in Huntington , Indiana , with his wife before his election to the United States House of Representatives in 1976 , aged 29 . In 1980 Quayle won election to the Senate . In 1988 , Vice President George H. W. Bush , the Republican Party nominee for the presidency , chose Quayle as his vice presidential running mate . The Bush/Quayle ticket won the 1988 election over Democrats Michael Dukakis and Lloyd Bentsen . As vice president , Quayle made official visits to 47 countries and was appointed chairman of the National Space Council . He secured re-nomination for vice-president in 1992 , but Democrat Bill Clinton and his vice presidential running mate , Al Gore , defeated the Bush/Quayle ticket . In 1994 , Quayle published his memoir entitled Standing Firm but declined to run for public office in this time period because he was suffering from phlebitis . He sought the Republican presidential nomination in 2000 , but withdrew and supported George W. Bush . In 2016 , he endorsed Jeb Bush and after that he supported Donald Trump for president . Quayle and his wife reside in Paradise Valley , Arizona . Quayle is the chairman of global investments at Cerberus Capital Management .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c0432c1a093721a057a2051ff77b853",
"text": "Presidency of John F. Kennedy The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20 , 1961 , when he was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States , and ended on November 22 , 1963 , upon his assassination and death , a span of days . A Democrat , he took office following the 1960 presidential election , in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon . He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president , and , at age 43 , the youngest person elected to the office . He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency . Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age , as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly , and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by Cold War tensions with the Soviet Union and especially with Cuba . In Cuba , a failed attempt was made in April 1961 at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro . Kennedy 's administration subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , it was discovered that Soviet ballistic missiles had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of unease , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , is seen by many historians as the closest the human race has ever come to nuclear war between nuclear-armed belligerents . To contain Communist expansion in Asia , Kennedy increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over his predecessor , Dwight D. Eisenhower ; a further escalation of the American role in the Vietnam War took place after Kennedy 's death . In domestic politics Kennedy made bold proposals in his New Frontier agenda , but few were passed by Congress . He did establish of the Peace Corps , and intensify the Space Race . Kennedy took steps to support the Civil Rights Movement , and after his death his proposed civil rights bill was passed as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
43233c61c862c02d3338652c90d5fcc3 | The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup took place between January 29 to August 20. | [
{
"docid": "08b7c69449b4d2e59b855591e621860d",
"text": "2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup The 2011 FIFA U-20 World Cup was the 18th FIFA U-20 World Cup . Colombia hosted the tournament between 29 July and 20 August 2011 , with matches being played in eight cities . The tournament was won by Brazil who claimed their fifth title . At a FIFA Executive Committee meeting held in Sydney on 26 May 2008 , Colombia beat the only other candidate country , Venezuela , for the right to organize the U-20 World Cup . It was suggested by the then-Vice President of Colombia Francisco Santos Calderón that it was needed to withdraw from the race with Brazil to host the 2014 FIFA World Cup so the nation could concentrate on hosting the `` best possible games '' . In an inspection tour of development works in March 2010 , Jack Warner , then the vice president of FIFA , said that the completion of this tournament could provide Colombia with a launch pad to become a possible host for the 2026 World Cup . The official song of the tournament was `` Nuestra Fiesta '' by Colombian singer Jorge Celedón .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "57620d535999cc7eede5cea249b9f773",
"text": "2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament The 2011 Al-Nakba International Football Tournament is a football competition for national teams u-23 . It was held in Palestine in May 2011 , and featured an appearance by the then-president of FIFA , Sepp Blatter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "563321cd69a9fc5972bd94acb270795a",
"text": "Football at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Men's tournament The men 's football tournament at the 2012 Summer Olympics was held in London and five other cities in Great Britain from 26 July to 11 August . Associations affiliated with FIFA were invited to enter their men 's U-23 teams in regional qualifying competitions , from which 15 teams , plus the hosts Great Britain , reached the final tournament . Men 's teams were allowed to augment their squads with three players over the age of 23 . It was the first major FIFA-organised men 's tournament to be held within the United Kingdom since the 1966 FIFA World Cup and was the first men 's Olympic football tournament to feature a team representing Great Britain since the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome . The gold medal was won by Mexico who defeated Brazil 2 -- 1 in the final .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8688ea56d8d8a55d941ff526feb5807",
"text": "1996 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament The 1996 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament was a football tournament that was played on April 1996 in Mexico . It determined the four CONCACAF teams that participated at the 1997 FIFA World Youth Championship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83712ec82722a13db0b1fb061beb1b34",
"text": "2011 AFC Asian Cup squads This article lists the confirmed national football squads for the 2011 AFC Asian Cup tournament held in Qatar between 7 January and 29 January 2011 . Before announcing their final squad , several teams named a provisional squad of 23 to 30 players , but each country 's final squad of 23 players had to be submitted by 28 December 2010 . Replacement of injured players was permitted until 6 hours before the team 's first Asian Cup game . Players marked ( c ) were named as captain for their national squad . Number of caps counts until the start of the tournament , including all pre-tournament friendlies . Player 's age is their age on the opening day of the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0b752b628e083b3fb1aeedba262e5e3",
"text": "2011 UEFA Women's Under-19 Championship The UEFA Women 's U-19 Championship 2011 Final Tournament was held in Italy between 30 May and 11 June 2011 . Players born after 1 January 1992 were eligible to participate in this competition . As the final tournament took place in an odd year this tournament serves as the European qualifying tournament for the 2012 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . defeated in the final 8 − 1 to win their sixth title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60732e96e092160b9bc19e6398055ac7",
"text": "2011 Junior Club World Cup The 2011 Junior Club World Cup was the 1st Junior Club World Cup , an annual international ice hockey tournament . It took place between 30 August -- 3 September 2011 in Omsk , Russia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b81e7264fbeae4afbb233493f1bec267",
"text": "2015 AFC U-19 Women's Championship qualification The 2015 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship qualification was a women 's under-19 football competition which decided the participating teams of the 2015 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship . Players born between 1 January 1996 and 31 December 2000 were eligible to compete in the tournament . A total of eight teams qualified to play in the final tournament , including South Korea , North Korea , China PR ( hosts ) , and Japan , who qualified directly as the top four finishers of the 2013 AFC U-19 Women 's Championship . The top three teams of the final tournament qualified for the 2016 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup in Papua New Guinea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14ba28c1e2239d8c0b01aa9aa33baf45",
"text": "UNAF U-20 Tournament The UNAF U-20 Tournament is a football ( soccer ) tournament held between nations who are members of the UNAF association , however some other teams which are not members are invited .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e8ae6524482016583406513032ca2f0",
"text": "2003 South American U-20 Championship The 2003 South American Youth Championship ( Sudamericana sub-20 ) is a football competition contested by all ten U-20 national football teams of CONMEBOL . The tournament was held in Uruguay between 4 January and 28 January 2003 , it was the 21st time the competition has been held and the second to take place in Uruguay . Argentina won their fourth trophy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79a5af35d5e13d189eba68498433804b",
"text": "Nepal national under-20 football team The Nepal national football team is the national under-20 team of Nepal that represents the Nepal in international football competitions in the FIFA U-20 World Cup qualifiers and the AFC Youth Championship , as well as any other under-20 international football tournaments . The team is governed by the All Nepal Football Association and is a member of the Asian Football Confederation ( AFC ) . The youth side play their home games at Dasarath Rangasala Stadium located at Tripureswhor in Kathmandu alongside the senior team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90a86e787a5094297dd9fc7461dcc68d",
"text": "Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4c1e84da2a79f7c57713c0cca2b28b4",
"text": "CONCACAF Women's U-20 Championship The CONCACAF Women 's Under-20 tournament is a football ( soccer ) competition for women 's national teams under 20 years in North America , Central America and Caribbean region , and is the qualification tournament for the FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup . Originally contested as an under-19 event in conjunction with FIFA 's standards in 2002 and 2004 , the CONCACAF U-20 Women 's Championship is staged every two years with three teams qualifying for the biennial World Cup , except in 2002 where only the group stage was played and the two first-place finishers qualified directly to the youth world cup . CONCACAF 's championship is an eight-team event with the three nations from North America , joined by three from the Caribbean and two from Central America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c1b9c9ce59645ae3fc415ca3f09f6c8",
"text": "2011 World Youth Baseball Championship The 2011 World Youth Baseball Championship was an under-16 international baseball competition held in Lagos de Moreno , Mexico from August 19 to August 28 , 2011 . This event is considered a test event for the 2011 Pan American Games baseball event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48275e3bd3f1f174c54dbd7781324112",
"text": "2011 Commonwealth of Independent States Cup The 19th Commonwealth of Independent States Cup was the nineteenth edition of the competition between the champions of former republics of Soviet Union . It took place in Saint Petersburg between 15 and 23 January 2011 and was won by Inter Baku . This was the last edition of the Cup as a club tournament , before the format was changed to a youth national teams event in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df1954422266652edfdcfcba288819a2",
"text": "2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification The 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship qualification was a series of parallel association football competitions held over 2011 and 2012 to decide the qualifiers for 2013 UEFA European Under-21 Championship , to be held in Israel . The draw for the qualifying rounds was held on 3 February 2011 in Nyon , with matches played between March 2011 and September 2012 . There were ten groups . Two of these groups had six teams ; the remaining eight groups consisted of five teams . Group competition was a double round robin : each team hosted a game with every other team in its group . At the conclusion of qualifying , the team at the top of each group and four best second-placed teams qualified for the two-legged play-offs scheduled in October 2012 , with the winner of each play-off tie qualifying for the finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "095c0748fe812935fe90035faee90c9a",
"text": "National team appearances in the FIFA U-20 World Cup This article lists the performances of each of the national teams which have made at least one appearance in the FIFA U-20 World Cup finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d56c23febe23e59ca10d3e3c17a82a81",
"text": "2016 FIFA U-20 Women's World Cup squads This article lists the squads for the 2016 FIFA U-20 Women 's World Cup , held in Papua New Guinea . Each competing federation was allowed a 21-player squad , which had to be submitted to FIFA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bd46c2dda7af912a0f48683e14f7fb5",
"text": "2011 Copa América Final The 2011 Copa América Final was the final match of the 2011 Copa América , an international football tournament that was played in Argentina from 1 to 24 July 2011 . The match was played on 24 July at Estadio Monumental Antonio Vespucio Liberti in Buenos Aires , between Uruguay and Paraguay . Uruguay won the match 3 -- 0 to earn their 15th Copa América ; Paraguay , as the tournament runner-up , earned the Copa Bolivia . With the win , Uruguay earned the right to represent CONMEBOL in the 2013 FIFA Confederations Cup in Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f6421984ff4e84ead663f14f5d2b690",
"text": "Honduras national under-20 football team The Honduras national Under-20 football team is the national U-20 team of Honduras . The U-20 team is currently coached by Javier Padilla . They have made five FIFA U-20 World Cup appearances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc72b8c87a17512ab0f9509e041d725",
"text": "2011 World Interuniversity Games The 2011 World Interuniversity Games were the 13th edition of the Games ( organised by IFIUS , and were held in Amsterdam , the Netherlands , from October 10 to October 14 , 2011 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
897f95dd40718b7de8bce5af96026c7a | Texas Longhorns men's basketball has won 27 division championships. | [
{
"docid": "33fb247a793b1eef36094d540db83852",
"text": "Texas Longhorns men's basketball The Texas Longhorns men 's basketball team '' ' represents The University of Texas at Austin in NCAA Division I intercollegiate men 's basketball competition . The Longhorns currently compete in the Big 12 Conference . The University of Texas began varsity intercollegiate competition in men 's basketball in 1906 . The Longhorns rank 17th in total victories among all NCAA Division I college basketball programs and 25th in all-time win percentage among programs with at least 50 years in Division I , with an all-time win-loss record of 1750 -- 1054 . Among Big 12 Conference men 's basketball programs , Texas is second only to Kansas in both all-time wins and all-time win percentage . The Longhorns have won 27 total conference championships in men 's basketball and have made 33 total appearances in the NCAA Tournament ( 11th-most appearances all time , with a 35 -- 36 overall record ) , reaching the NCAA Final Four three times ( 1943 , 1947 , 2003 ) and the NCAA Regional Finals ( Elite Eight ) seven times . As of March 21 , 2017 , Texas ranks fifth among all Division I men 's basketball programs for total NCAA Tournament games won without having won the national championship ( 35 ) , trailing Purdue ( 36 ) , Notre Dame ( 38 ) , Illinois ( 40 ) , and Oklahoma ( 41 ) . The Texas basketball program experienced substantial success during the early decades of its existence , but its success in the modern era is of relatively recent vintage . After two losing seasons during the program 's first five years , Texas suffered only one losing season from 1912 to 1950 , achieving a winning percentage of .703 during that span , reaching two Final Fours and one Elite Eight during the first decade of the NCAA Tournament , and receiving retroactive recognition as the 1933 national champion from the Premo-Porretta Power Poll ; from 1951 to 1988 , the Longhorns finished with losing records 14 times , recorded a winning percentage of .522 , and participated in the expanded Tournament only five times . Texas achieved some measures of national recognition during the tenures of head coaches Abe Lemons ( 1976 -- 82 ) and Tom Penders ( 1988 -- 98 ) , but the program rose to its highest level of prominence under the direction of former head coach Rick Barnes ( 1998 -- 2015 ) . Barnes guided Texas to 16 NCAA Tournament appearances in his 17 seasons with the program , including a school-record fourteen consecutive appearances ( 1999 -- 2012 ) , as well as fifteen 20-win seasons overall and a school-best thirteen consecutive 20-win seasons ( 2000 -- 12 ) . Since 1977 , the team has played its home games in the Frank Erwin Special Events Center , where it has compiled a record of 487 -- 119 as of March 7 , 2017 . The team is currently led by second-year head coach Shaka Smart .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "df464721ef6edea56eb6e49b35828fb6",
"text": "Darrell Royal Darrell K Royal ( July 6 , 1924 -- November 7 , 2012 ) was an American football player and coach . He served as the head coach at Mississippi State University ( 1954 -- 1955 ) , the University of Washington ( 1956 ) , and the University of Texas at Austin ( 1957 -- 1976 ) , compiling a career college football record of 184 -- 60 -- 5 . In his 20 seasons at Texas , Royal 's teams won three national championships ( 1963 , 1969 , and 1970 ) , 11 Southwest Conference titles , and amassed a record of 167 -- 47 -- 5 . He won more games than any other coach in Texas Longhorns football history . Royal also coached the Edmonton Eskimos of the Canadian Football League ( CFL ) for one season in 1953 . He never had a losing season as a head coach for his entire career . Royal played football at the University of Oklahoma from 1946 to 1949 . He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1983 . Darrell K Royal -- Texas Memorial Stadium in Austin , Texas , where the Longhorns play their home games , was renamed in his honor in 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34553742967c513cf99841c2e30ecd78",
"text": "Wichita State Shockers baseball The Wichita State Shockers baseball team represents Wichita State University in the sport of baseball . The Wichita State Shockers compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletics Association ( NCAA ) and in the Missouri Valley Conference . The Shockers have made the College World Series seven times , winning the national championship in 1989 . Wichita State has the fourth highest winning percentage in NCAA Division I baseball history , trailing only Texas , Florida State , and Miami ( FL ) . The Shockers will begin play in the American Athletic Conference during their 2018 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bab590a33c725fdf182b0023ea0997d8",
"text": "List of Texas League champions The Texas League of Minor League Baseball is one of three Double-A baseball leagues in the United States . The circuit was founded in 1888 and ran through 1892 . After two years of dormancy , it was revived as the Texas Association in 1895 , the Texas-Southern League in 1896 , and the Texas League from 1897 to 1899 . With the exception of three years during World War II ( 1943 -- 1945 ) , the Texas League has been in continual operation since 1902 . A league champion is determined at the end of each season . Champions have been determined by post-season playoffs , winning the regular season pennant , or being declared champion by the league office . From 1952 to 1964 , the league recognized both a pennant winner and a playoff winner ; they were declared co-champions . Currently , the first-half and second-half winners within each division ( North and South ) meet in a best-of-five series to determine division champions . Then , the North and South Division winners play a best-of-five series to determine a league champion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf455ee88ed3481172d8058df8aeea1f",
"text": "Southwest Division (NBA) The Southwest Division is one of the three divisions in the Western Conference of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . The division is located in the South Central United States and consists of five teams , the Dallas Mavericks , the Houston Rockets , the Memphis Grizzlies , the New Orleans Pelicans and the San Antonio Spurs . Three of the teams , the Mavericks , Rockets , and Spurs , are based in Texas . The division was created at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the league expanded from 29 to 30 teams with the addition of the Charlotte Bobcats . The league realigned itself into three divisions in each conference . The Southwest Division began with five inaugural members , the Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies , the Hornets ( now Pelicans ) and the Spurs . The Mavericks , the Rockets , the Grizzlies and the Spurs joined from the now-defunct Midwest Division , while the Pelicans joined from the Central Division . The Spurs have won the most Southwest Division titles with eight . The Mavericks have won two titles and the Pelicans and Rockets have won one title each . The Grizzlies have never won the Southwest Division title . Four NBA champions came from the Southwest Division . The Spurs won the NBA championship in 2005 , 2007 and 2014 , while the Mavericks won in 2011 . In the 2007 -- 08 season , all four teams that qualified for the playoffs each had more than 50 wins . In the 2010 -- 11 season and the 2014 -- 15 season , all teams in the division had winning percentages above 0.500 ( 50 % ) . In the 2014 -- 15 season , the Southwest Division saw every one of its teams making the playoffs , a feat achieved only twice in the last 30 years . The most recent division champion is the San Antonio Spurs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90c4c165d08ac1bf67da381a23a23d43",
"text": "List of Oklahoma Sooners men's basketball conference championships Since the late 1920s , the University of Oklahoma Sooners have been a basketball program that has won numerous conference championships . Below is a list of all conference titles . Category : Oklahoma Sooners men 's basketball",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32d6b488729701e7b53fc68263816a03",
"text": "Three-peat Three-peat is a term used primarily in American sports to refer to winning three consecutive championships . The term , a portmanteau of the words three and repeat , originated with the Los Angeles Lakers of the National Basketball Association , during their unsuccessful campaign for a third consecutive championship during the 1988 -- 89 season , having won the previous 2 NBA Finals in 1987 and 1988 against the Boston Celtics and Detroit Pistons , but were swept by the Pistons in the 1989 NBA Finals . The term is a registered trademark owned by Hardo Beers , the Lakers ' Hardo strength coach from 1981 -- 1990 , although it was coined by L.A. player Byron Scott immediately after their victorious championship defense against the Detroit Pistons in the 1988 NBA Finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a2489f450d92930a1bd1a90c51f9ecc",
"text": "NCAA Women's Division II Tennis Championship The NCAA Division II Women 's Tennis Championship is the National Collegiate Athletic Association 's tennis tournament to determine the Team Championships , Singles Championships , and Doubles Championships for women 's tennis athletes from Division II institutions . Tennis was one of twelve women 's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year , as the NCAA engaged in battle with the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women for sole governance of women 's collegiate sports . The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve ( and other ) sports ; however , after a year of dual women 's championships , the NCAA conquered the AIAW and usurped its authority and membership . From its establishment in 1982 until 1994 , the championship consisted of three championships : singles , doubles , and team . However , the singles and doubles titles were discontinued after 1994 and have not been reestablished . Armstrong State is the most successful program , with eight national titles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3d969775f0c99af3a083340a61c9f2f",
"text": "Eastern Conference (NBA) The Eastern Conference of the National Basketball Association is made up of 15 teams , organized in three divisions . The three division winners and the non-division winner with the best record are seeded 1 through 4 for the playoffs in order of their records , with all remaining non-division winners seeded 5 through 8 . This leaves open the possibility that a # 2 or # 3 seed could be a non-division winner . Home-court advantage in a playoff series is decided by record , not by seeding , so if the # 4 and # 5 teams meet in a playoff series in which the # 5 team has the better record , the # 5 team would have home-court advantage . The reasoning behind this seeding arrangement is that a non-division winner could have a better record than the winners of the two divisions other than the non-division winning team in question . If the three division winners were seeded 1 through 3 for the playoffs in order of their records , and all non-division winners seeded 4 through 8 , it would be possible for the two best teams of the conference to meet in the Conference Semifinals . This actually happened in the 2006 NBA Playoffs when the two best teams in the Western Conference , the San Antonio Spurs and the Dallas Mavericks , both from the Southwest Division , faced one another in the Western Conference Semifinals while the 3rd seed , the Northwest Division-leading Denver Nuggets , had fewer wins than the 4th , 5th , 6th , and 7th seeds.The NBA proposed and approved of the current format to ensure that the best two teams of a conference can meet no earlier than the Conference Finals . The Eastern Conference playoffs are divided into two preliminary rounds followed by the Eastern Conference Finals , with the winner of the Conference Championship facing the Western Conference champion in the NBA Finals to determine the champion . All playoff series are best-of-seven . The current divisional alignment was adopted at the start of the 2004 -- 05 season , when the now Charlotte Hornets began play as the NBA 's 30th franchise . This necessitated the move of the New Orleans Pelicans from the Eastern Conference 's Central Division to the newly created Southwest Division of the Western Conference",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a21086f4e99b1180e066a1fe0319af6b",
"text": "List of Texas Longhorns in the NBA This is a list of Texas Longhorns men 's basketball players who played at least one game in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c54ece8ba4f3935ef8ce76ad5581969a",
"text": "2015–16 Texas–Rio Grande Valley Vaqueros men's basketball team The 2015 -- 16 UTRGV Vaqueros men 's basketball team represented the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley during the 2015 -- 16 NCAA Division I men 's basketball season . This was head coach Dan Hipsher 's third season with the UTRGV program , although his first under the `` UTRGV '' name . The Vaqueros played their home games at the UTRGV Fieldhouse on the university 's campus in Edinburg , Texas and were members of the Western Athletic Conference . They finished the season 8 -- 22 , 4 -- 10 in WAC play to finish in a tie for sixth place . They lost in the quarterfinals of the WAC Tournament to Seattle . This was the first season as an institution for UTRGV , which was formed in a consolidation between University of Texas-Pan American ( UTPA ) and the University of Texas at Brownsville . The former UTPA athletic program was converted to that of UTRGV , with UTPA 's conference membership and athletic history transferring directly to the new institution . On March 15 , 2016 , the school removed Dan Hipsher as head coach . On March 31 , the shool hired Lew Hill as head coach .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b48c4d976c3fcaa88a77fdebb28eb9ee",
"text": "Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball under Gene Gibson Gene Gibson coached the Texas Tech Red Raiders basketball teams from 1961 to 1969 and the third-most conference victories in Tech 's history . In Gibson 's eight seasons at Texas Tech , he compiled a 101 -- 91 record won two conference co-championships and earned one NCAA tournament bid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5527f8d264e27c14d80855b306bde28a",
"text": "Texas–Arlington Mavericks women's volleyball The Texas -- Arlington Mavericks volleyball team , historically one of the most nationally prominent teams on campus , is an NCAA Division I college volleyball team competing in the Sun Belt Conference . Home games are played at College Park Center , located on University of Texas at Arlington 's campus in Arlington . The team has appeared in eight AIAW National Tournaments , eight NCAA Tournaments and one National Invitational Volleyball Championship Tournament , collecting 12 regular seasons titles and ten conference tournament titles along the way .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c725c88535b66356bffd15b507aa2d32",
"text": "Texas Tech Lady Raiders basketball The Texas Tech Lady Raiders basketball team represents Texas Tech University and competes in the Big 12 Conference of NCAA Division I. Candace Whitaker , a former player for the Lady Raiders , was named head coach in 2013 . In her inaugural season in 2013 -- 14 , the team finished winless in league play with a conference mark of 0 -- 18 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c87dc1d6b0c02c90b7e27a6490bf2a3",
"text": "1980 NCAA Division I Basketball Tournament The 1980 NCAA Division I Basketball Tournament involved 48 schools playing in single-elimination play to determine the national champion of men 's NCAA Division I college basketball . It began on March 6 , 1980 , and ended with the championship game on March 24 at Market Square Arena in Indianapolis , Indiana . A total of 48 games were played , including a national third place game . Louisville , coached by Denny Crum , won the national title with a 59 -- 54 victory in the final game over UCLA , coached by Larry Brown . Darrell Griffith of Louisville was named the tournament 's Most Outstanding Player . Structurally speaking , this was the first tournament of the modern era . For the first time : An unlimited number of at-large teams could come from any conference . ( From 1975 to 1979 , conferences were only allowed one at-large entry . ) The bracket was seeded to make each region as evenly competitive as possible . ( Previously , geographic considerations had trumped this . ) All teams were seeded solely based on the subjective judgment of the committee . ( In 1979 , seeding was also partially based on the prior performance of a conference winner 's conference . ) In the second year the tournament field was seeded , no number one seed reached the Final Four . This would not happen again until 2006 and also occurred in 2011 . UCLA would later forfeit its place in the standings after players representing the school were declared ineligible by the NCAA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdb3c5962a192c704e2b3568180db0b7",
"text": "Texas A&M University System The Texas A&M University System is a state university system in Texas and is one of the state 's six independent university systems . The Texas A&M University System is one of the largest university systems in the United States , with a statewide network of 11 universities , seven state agencies , two service units and a comprehensive health science center . A&M System members educate more than 140,000 students and reach another 22 million people through service each year . With more than 26,000 faculty and staff , the A&M System has a physical presence in 250 of the state 's 254 counties and a programmatic presence in every one . System-wide , externally funded research expenditures exceed $ 972 million . The System 's flagship institution is Texas A&M University in College Station .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a874c5216728ed90813a2cd89898715a",
"text": "Texas A&M Aggies women's basketball The Texas A&M Aggies women 's basketball team represents Texas A&M University in NCAA Division I women 's basketball . The team has been coached by Gary Blair since 2003 . The Aggies play home games at Reed Arena , a 12,989-capacity arena in College Station , Texas on the campus of Texas A&M . The Aggies were the 2011 NCAA Division I national champions . They beat the Notre Dame Fighting Irish 76 -- 70 . They have appeared in the NCAA Tournament ten times and garnered five conference championships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aafe8c30ebc894f202927f6491693093",
"text": "Big 12 Conference The Big 12 Conference is a ten-school collegiate athletic conference headquartered in Irving , Texas . It is a member of the NCAA 's Division I for all sports , except hockey and men 's soccer ; its football teams compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision ( FBS ; formerly Division I-A ) , the higher of two levels of NCAA Division I football competition . Its ten members , located in Iowa , Kansas , Oklahoma , Texas , and West Virginia , include eight public and two private Christian schools . Additionally , the Big 12 has ten affiliate members , six for the sport of wrestling , one for women 's gymnastics , and 3 for women 's rowing . The Big 12 Conference is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization incorporated in Delaware . The Big 12 was formerly composed of 12 schools , hence its name : it was formed in 1996 when four schools from the collapsing Southwest Conference ( Texas , Texas A&M , Texas Tech and Baylor ) joined with the pre-existing Big Eight Conference . Oklahoma and Oklahoma State were grouped with the four newcomers in the `` Big 12 South '' , while the remaining 6 teams of the Big 8 ( Kansas , Kansas State , Colorado , Nebraska , Missouri and Iowa State ) formed the `` Big 12 North '' . The conference 's current 10-campus makeup resulted from the 2010 -- 13 Big 12 Conference realignment , in which Nebraska joined the Big Ten Conference , Colorado joined the Pac-12 , and Missouri and Texas A&M joined the Southeastern Conference . TCU and West Virginia joined from the Mountain West and Big East Conferences respectively to offset two of the departing schools , bringing the conference to its current strength . The Big 12 Conference , like others involved in the realignment , has kept its name primarily for marketing purposes ; the conference has high name recognition and remains one of the Power Five conferences which are considered the primary contenders to produce a College Football Playoff champion team in any given year . Attempts to rename the Big 12 to reflect its current strength would lead to confusion with the current Big Ten Conference ( which currently has 14 teams ) . The Big 12 Conference commissioner is Bob Bowlsby .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "578cb6524e2367f1a7d7866fd9164b18",
"text": "San Francisco Dons men's basketball The San Francisco Dons men 's basketball team represents the University of San Francisco in NCAA Division I men 's college basketball . The Dons compete in the West Coast Conference , in which they have the winningest program , and have won sixteen regular season championships and one conference tournament championship . The current head coach is Kyle Smith . They play home games at the War Memorial Gymnasium , which also serves as the venue for women 's basketball , volleyball , athletic department offices , and athletic training rooms . The basketball team has won three national titles : the 1949 NIT under Pete Newell , and the 1955 and 1956 NCAA championships . The latter two were under Phil Woolpert , and led by player and National Collegiate Basketball Hall of Famer Bill Russell . USF retained its status as a basketball powerhouse into the 1970s and early 1980s , holding the distinction of being a `` major '' program in a `` mid-major '' conference ( the WCC having declined somewhat in stature since the 1960s ) . It held the number one spot in the polls on numerous occasions . In 1977 , led by All-American center Bill Cartwright , the Dons went 29 -- 0 and were regarded as the # 1 team in the nation in both major polls before dropping their last two games . The San Francisco Dons men 's basketball program has been rated the 29th `` Greatest College Basketball Program of All-Time '' by Street & Smith 's magazine , 49th by NBC Sports `` Greatest Programs of All-Time '' , and 75th by the ESPN/Sagarin All-Time College Basketball Rankings , higher in all three rankings than any other West Coast Conference school and many schools from BCS Conferences ( Pac-12 , Big Ten , Big 12 , Big East , Southeastern Conference ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61ade84992da261c58697cf304d6ca3e",
"text": "1984 Texas Longhorns baseball team The 1984 Texas Longhorns baseball team represented the University of Texas at Austin in the 1984 NCAA Division I baseball season . The Longhorns played their home games at Disch -- Falk Field . The team was coached by Cliff Gustafson in his 17th season at Texas . The Longhorns reached the College World Series final , but were eliminated by Cal State Fullerton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d88df41efbfa7abb718ff9ea59d5c2a",
"text": "Jack Gray (basketball) Jack Gray ( May 12 , 1911 -- March 7 , 1992 ) , was an American college basketball player and coach . Gray played for the Texas Longhorns men 's basketball team from 1933 to 1935 . As a player , he set a Southwest Conference record with 32 points in 1933 which stood for sixteen years . Gray was a First-Team All-American guard in 1935 and was All-SWC all three years of his varsity career . He was known for his one-handed `` push '' shot , a precursor of the jump shot . With one year of coaching experience took over the coaching job at age 25 . In his first six years as coach beginning in 1937 , he led the Longhorns to five winning seasons and led the Longhorns to their first Elite Eight in the first NCAA Tournament in 1939 . After returning from World War II , Gray led the Longhorns to their first Final Four in the 1947 NCAA Tournament . He coached Basketball Hall of Famer Slater Martin from 1944 to 1949 . Gray got his team in the National Invitation Tournament in 1948 , their first AP Poll ranking ( # 20 in 1949 ) . He ranks third all-time in Longhorns basketball history in wins with 194 victories to 97 losses , and also had a final Southwest Conference record of 89-55 . He was head coach for 12 years , which as of 2011 , ranked as the second-longest basketball coaching term at University of Texas . </div>",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2b42faada1736765701ab98776f4ed45 | Northeast megalopolis includes Washington, D.C. and Baltimore. | [
{
"docid": "77515f46dbee14943c3c743ea934aa34",
"text": "Northeast megalopolis The Northeast megalopolis ( also Boston -- Washington Corridor or Bos-Wash Corridor ) is the most heavily urbanized region of the United States , running primarily northeast to southwest from the northern suburbs of Boston , Massachusetts , to the southern suburbs of Washington , D.C. , in Northern Virginia . It includes the major cities of Boston , Providence , Hartford , New York City , Philadelphia , Baltimore , and Washington , D.C. , along with their metropolitan areas and suburbs as well as many smaller urban centers . On a map , the Northeast megalopolis appears almost as a straight line . As of the year 2000 , the region contained 49.6 million people , about 17 % of the U.S. population on less than 2 % of the nation 's land area , with a population density of 931.3 people per square mile ( 359.6 people/km2 ) , compared to the U.S. average of 80.5 per square mile 2 ( 31 people/km2 ) . America 2050 projections expect the area to grow to 58.1 million people by 2025 . French geographer Jean Gottmann popularized the term in his landmark 1961 study of the region , Megalopolis : The Urbanized Northeastern Seaboard of the United States . Gottmann concluded that the region 's cities , while discrete and independent , are uniquely tied to each other through the intermeshing of their suburban zones , taking on some characteristics of a single , massive city : a megalopolis .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "167eba3bd1ed2e72df0649982a6d5af2",
"text": "Interstate 476 Interstate 476 ( I-476 ) is a 132.1 mi auxiliary Interstate Highway in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania designated between Interstate 95 near Chester and Interstate 81 near Scranton , serving as the primary north -- south Interstate corridor through eastern Pennsylvania . It consists of both the 20 mi Mid-County Expressway , locally referred to as the `` Blue Route '' ( although no signs exist with that designation ) , through the suburban Philadelphia-area counties of Delaware and Montgomery , and the 110.6 mi Northeast Extension of the Pennsylvania Turnpike connecting the Philadelphia metropolitan area with the Lehigh Valley , the Poconos , and the Wyoming Valley . The Blue Route passes through suburban areas , while the Northeast Extension predominantly runs through rural areas of mountains and farmland , with development closer to Philadelphia and in the Lehigh Valley and the Wyoming Valley . I-476 intersects many major roads including Interstate 76 ( the Schuylkill Expressway ) in West Conshohocken , Interstate 276 ( the Pennsylvania Turnpike ) in Plymouth Meeting , U.S. Route 22 near Allentown , and Interstate 80 near Hickory Run State Park . While proposed as early as 1929 , the construction of the Mid-County Expressway did not begin until 1967 and was not completed until 1992 due to massive community and environmental opposition during the freeway revolts of the 1960s and 1970s , leading The Philadelphia Inquirer to dub it `` the most costly , most bitterly opposed highway in Pennsylvania history . '' In order to get the route through Delaware County , it was built with many environmental compromises such as a parkway design and four lanes south of the Pennsylvania Route 3 interchange . The Mid-County Expressway received its `` Blue Route '' nickname from the chosen route through Delaware County on planning maps on which it was differentiated from the other proposed routes by its color . Following the completion of the Mid-County Expressway , in 1996 the Interstate 476 designation was extended to include the entire length of the existing Northeast Extension , replacing PA 9 . The Northeast Extension was built between 1955 and 1957 and was originally projected to continue past Clarks Summit to the New York border ; however , I-81 was built between these two points instead . Since the extension , I-476 has been the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway in the United States ( surpassing Interstate 495 in Massachusetts ) , but it may someday be surpassed in length by Interstate 369 in Texas . In fact , it is longer than some mainline interstates ( such as Interstate 83 in Maryland and Pennsylvania , Interstate 99 in Pennsylvania , Interstate 12 in Louisiana , Interstate 19 in Arizona , Interstate 97 in Maryland , and Interstate 2 in Texas ) . Additionally , its numbering is unusual , since auxiliary interstates beginning in even numbers are typically bypasses or loops rather than spurs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a83a6f42d67e68ee60ad8c61949ef43",
"text": "Ivy City Ivy City is a small neighborhood in Northeast Washington , D.C. , in the United States . About half the neighborhood is industrial or formerly industrial , dominated by warehouses . The Ivy City Yard , a railroad coach yard and maintenance facility for the passenger railroad Amtrak , is situated northwest across New York Avenue NE . Ivy City was laid out as a suburban development for African Americans in 1873 . Development was slow . From 1879 to 1901 , the neighborhood hosted the Ivy City Racetrack , a major horse racing facility in the District of Columbia . Construction on the rail yard began in 1907 and was complete within a year , although much of the facilities there were demolished in 1953 and 1954 as railroads switched from coal-fired locomotives to diesel-fueled or electric engines . The Alexander Crummell School , a major focal point of the community , opened in 1911 . After some years of enrollment decline , it closed in 1972 but has not been demolished . The area has undergone some gentrification in the 21st century , although people living in the residential core of Ivy City remain very poor and unemployment is high .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6",
"text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ba017e50845374ac16abdf884b68fd0",
"text": "Mason Neck, Virginia Mason Neck is a peninsula jutting into the Potomac River to the south of Washington , D.C. , in the U.S. state of Virginia . It is surrounded by Belmont Bay to the west , the Potomac River to the south and east , Gunston Cove to the northeast , and Pohick Bay to the north-northeast . The census-designated place ( CDP ) of Mason Neck forms the southernmost section of Fairfax County , in northern Virginia , and comprises an area of 51.8 sqkm , two-thirds of which is preserved as parkland by regional , state , and national authorities . The population of the Mason Neck CDP was 2,005 as of the 2010 census .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cf7aeecda3d24da78b528a24bb0de8b",
"text": "List of Maryland area codes The state of Maryland is served by the following area codes : 240/301 , which serve western Maryland , including its suburbs of Washington , D.C. 410/443/667 , which serve eastern Maryland including Baltimore and Annapolis . A new area code 667 activated on March 24 , 2012 for the eastern part of Maryland currently served by area codes 410 and overlay area code 443 and covering cities such as Aberdeen , Baltimore , Ellicott City and Dundalk . The introduction of the new code was decided back in 2001 . Because this part of Maryland has 2 area codes already and , therefore , 10 digit dialing has been mandatory since the introduction of area code 443 in 1997 , no permissive 10 digit dialing will be needed . Area code list * Maryland Area codes",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f97f484b6093650edf0f2f8b03a14bc7",
"text": "Statistical area (United States) The United States federal government defines and delineates the nation 's metropolitan areas for statistical purposes , using a set of standard statistical area definitions . As of 2013 , the U.S. Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) defined and delineated 388 metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) and 541 micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) in the United States and Puerto Rico . Many of these 929 MSAs and μSAs are , in turn , components of larger combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) consisting of adjacent MSAs and μSAs that are linked by commuting ties ; as of 2013 , 524 metropolitan and micropolitan areas are components of the 169 defined CSAs . Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas are defined as consisting of one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents with at least one urban core area meeting relevant population thresholds , plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core , as measured by commuting ties . A metropolitan statistical area has at least one urban core with a population of at least 50,000 . In a micropolitan statistical area , the largest urban core has a population of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265e522b29c492fb85a0a5379f0100ba",
"text": "Piedmont Crescent The Piedmont Crescent , also known as the Piedmont Urban Crescent , is a large , polycentric urbanized region in the U.S. state of North Carolina that forms the northern section of the rapidly developing Piedmont Atlantic megalopolis ( or `` megaregion '' ) , a conurbation also known as the `` I-85 Boombelt '' , which extends from the Raleigh area ) to Atlanta , Georgia in the southeastern United States . Residents commonly attribute development of the Crescent communities to the Indian Trading Path and related settlements established by indigenous peoples long before European contact . The Trading Path was also used by European traders , and later by settlers entering the backcountry regions of the piedmont of North Carolina , South Carolina and Georgia . Forming the shape of a crescent in North Carolina , the region is located in the central Piedmont area of the state . European-American settlement progressed generally from the east to the west , from what is now metropolitan Raleigh-Durham and the Research Triangle area at its eastern edge , through the Piedmont Triad cities of Greensboro and Winston-Salem at its center , and southwest to metropolitan Charlotte . This region has undergone sustained population and economic growth ( acutely in the Charlotte and Raleigh areas ) since the late 19th century , a trend that has accelerated since the late 20th century . It is notable as the fourth-largest manufacturing region in the country , as well as an international center of banking and finance , textiles , biotech and high technology . The region includes seven of North Carolina 's eight largest cities and encompasses many smaller cities , towns and suburban areas , as well as the metropolitan centers of the Research Triangle , Piedmont Triad , and Charlotte Metropolitan Area . It is home to almost two-thirds of North Carolina 's population . Ten major universities -- Duke , NC State , UNC Chapel Hill , UNC Charlotte , NC Central , Wake Forest , UNC-Greensboro , NC A&T State University , Elon University and High Point University -- and three international airports ( CLT , RDU and GSO ) , as well as the world-renowned Research Triangle Park , also are located in the region . Its three Combined Statistical Areas have a total population of about 6 million people ( Raleigh-Durham , 1.98 million ; Greensboro , High Point , Winston-Salem , 1.66 million ; and Charlotte , 2.62 million ) , together representing over 63 % of the state 's total population . The Piedmont Crescent name is thought to have been coined when the North Carolina Railroad company first laid tracks through the area in 1855-56 . The railway , which was named the `` Piedmont Crescent Railroad '' , brought extensive growth to the communities along its route . These evolved to comprise today 's interlinked urbanized region . Although the freight and passenger rail corridor remains of critical importance , the region 's Interstate 85 and Interstate 40 freeway system serves as its primary transportation link today .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62bad8984dfdfc02b442746495d6a773",
"text": "Baltimore riot of 1861 The Baltimore riot of 1861 ( also called the `` Pratt Street Riots '' and the `` Pratt Street Massacre '' ) was a civil conflict on Friday , April 19 , 1861 , on Pratt Street , ( beginning at the President Street Station and President Street and continuing ending on Howard Street at the Camden Street Station ) in Baltimore , Maryland , between antiwar `` Copperheads '' Democrats ( the largest party in Maryland ) , as well as Southern / Confederate sympathizers , and members of the primarily Massachusetts and some Pennsylvania state militia regiments en route to the national capital at Washington called up for Federal service . It produced the first deaths by hostile action in the American Civil War and is nicknamed the `` First Bloodshed of the Civil War '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f5da7c402231deab70670aedba00d87",
"text": "Outline of Philadelphia The following outline of Philadelphia is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Philadelphia topics on Wikipedia . Philadelphia -- largest city in the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania , the second largest city on the East Coast of the United States , and the fifth-most-populous city in the United States . It is located in the Northeastern United States along the Delaware and Schuylkill rivers , and it is the only consolidated city-county in Pennsylvania . As of the , the city had a population of 1,526,006 , growing to 1,547,607 in 2012 by Census estimates . Philadelphia is the economic and cultural center of the , home to over 6 million people and the country 's sixth-largest metropolitan area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1324503cd8b963dafc63b698e9397d4a",
"text": "District of Columbia statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) . Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including a combined statistical area and a metropolitan statistical area in the District of Columbia . The district has no counties or other legal subdivisions . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas . thumb | 578px | An enlargeable map of the Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia , DC-MD-VA-WV Combined Statistical Area __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bb60045d975eaacb620582d2aa69fd3",
"text": "Ethnic groups in Baltimore There have been various ethnic groups in Baltimore , Maryland and its surrounding area since it was founded as a British colony in 1661 . Native Americans lived in the Baltimore territory for millennia before European colonization , and some still reside in the city . Since the first English settlers arrived , substantial immigration from all over Europe , migration of African-Americans from the Deep South , out-migration of White Southerners from Appalachia , and new waves of more recent immigrants from Latin America , the Caribbean , Asia and Africa have added layers of complexity to the workforce and culture of Baltimore , as well as the religious and ethnic fabric of the city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c539f29a95a48f29315a99331a07753",
"text": "Beacon Hill, Seattle Beacon Hill is a hill and neighborhood in southeast Seattle , Washington . The municipal government subdivides it into North Beacon Hill , Mid-Beacon Hill , Holly Park , and South Beacon Hill , though most people who live there simply call it `` Beacon Hill . '' Former home to the world headquarters of Amazon.com and present home to the Seattle Division of the Department of Veterans Affairs ' Puget Sound Health Care System , the hill offers views of downtown , the Industrial District , Elliott Bay , First Hill , Rainier Valley , and , when the weather is good , Mount Rainier and the Olympic Mountains . It is roughly bounded on the west by Interstate 5 , on the north by Interstate 90 , on the east by Rainier Avenue South , Cheasty Boulevard South , and Martin Luther King Junior Way South , and on the south by the Seattle city boundary . It is part of Seattle 's South End . Homes on the northern part of the hill were mostly built in the early 1900s ; thus , North Beacon Hill contains many excellent examples of Craftsman bungalows and Seattle box houses , a local variant of the Foursquare style . The American Planning Association ( APA ) , an organization of `` planners , citizens and elected officials - committed to making great communities happen '' , named Beacon Hill as one of the 30 Great Places in America . The features of Beacon Hill that constitute an APA Great Place include urban design and aesthetics , multi-modal transportation , a variety of uses within the neighborhood , sustainability , community participation and involvement , and memorable character . Beacon Hill was also recognized for having the largest Olmsted-planned green space in Seattle , known as Jefferson Park . The neighborhood is highly treasured by its businesses and residents , and the neighborhood is highly involved in local planning affairs such as open space , public safety , and transportation . The Beacon Hill neighborhood prides itself on many fine foods and restaurants , a highly rated hair salon , the best live music venue , and a place for kids activities , all voted for as some of the `` Best of 2012 '' by Seattle Magazine ( online version not currently available ) . The City of Seattle , in partnership with Beacon BIKES , created the Beacon Hill Family Bicycle and Pedestrian Circulation Plan , a ten-year plan to increase pedestrian bicycle networks serving highly used greenways , intersections , and cycle tracts within the neighborhood as a measure to increase safety for all users . The plan was awarded the 2012 VISION 2040 Award from the Puget Sound Regional Council . Beacon Hill is home to the `` Beacon Rocks ! '' performance series , beginning its 5th season in 2014 on the last Sunday of June , July and August . This event featuring a variety of types of performances is held on the Roberto Maestas Festival Street and produced by Beacon Hill 's neighborhood community arts group `` ROCKiT Community Arts '' . Beacon Hill has recently become known for their Food Forest , a new project that has created neighborhood urban farming west of Jefferson Park . The Beacon Food Forest has gained national attention in the news , receiving recognition from the Associated Press , CBS , Gawker , and HLN , to name a few . A 2012 article in Seattle Weekly stated that Beacon Hill was soon to `` boast the biggest public food forest in the country '' with seven lush acres containing a community park and an edible landscape , including such plantings as walnuts , chestnuts , berry shrubs and vegetables . The idea started with a community-led group that secured $ 22,000 in Neighborhood Matching Funds from the Department of Neighborhoods .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df2ad7cee56a612ba8f3a11d1694e43",
"text": "Metropolitan Subdivision The Metropolitan Subdivision is a railroad line owned and operated by CSX Transportation in the District of Columbia and the U.S. state of Maryland . The line runs from Washington , D.C. northwest to Weverton , Maryland along the former Metropolitan Branch of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad . At its southeast end , north of Union Station , the Metropolitan Subdivision meets the Capital Subdivision ( formerly called the B&O Washington Branch ) and Amtrak 's Northeast Corridor . It meets the Old Main Line Subdivision at Point of Rocks , Maryland , and at its northwest end in Weverton , the line joins the Cumberland Subdivision . MARC Train 's Brunswick Line uses the entire subdivision , as does Amtrak 's Capitol Limited . The Red Line of the Washington Metro shares right-of-way with the subdivision along two separate stretches in Maryland and DC : from the junction with the Capital Subdivision to north of Silver Spring , and from south of Twinbrook to the end of the Red Line at Shady Grove .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4091f49b46e3fdf12d307741e295a856",
"text": "Atlantic Northeast The Atlantic Northeast is a region of North America , which includes the US states of Connecticut , Massachusetts , Rhode Island , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine , as well as the Canadian Maritimes . The Atlantic Northeast region is noted for its cultural unity , stark climate , landscape of dense forests , and a shared economic history in the exploitation of logging and the regional fishery . Further uniting this area is the `` Gray Zone '' which is an area of land and sea which is claimed by both Canada and the United States . It is located off the coasts of New Brunswick and Maine . The only land within this area are two islands , Machias Seal Island and North Rock . The `` Gray Zone '' is one of four areas between the two countries whose sovereignty is still in dispute , but is the only one of the disputed areas containing land . In 1979 , both countries filed a joint application to the International Court of Justice to avoid having the dispute settled when oceanic boundaries in the area were set for mineral and fishing rights . Canadians have had a continuous presence in the area since 1832 when a lighthouse was built . Since the Atlantic Northeast is such a large region , it is home to many different types of wildlife , sports teams , and geographical locations . The Atlantic Northeast is home to the Boston Celtics , Boston Bruins , New England Patriots , Halifax Hurricanes , Boston Red Sox and many more . It also includes many notable species including the Bald Eagle , Atlantic Salmon , and the Swamp Pink . Lastly , the Atlantic Northeast includes many geographical places of interest including the Northeast Canyons and Seamounts Marine National Monument and Salem , Massachusetts , home of the Salem Witch Trials . Though cross-border connections are widely acknowledged , the area has rarely been given a single name . `` Atlantic Northeast '' is a term that has been used most prominently in discussions of regional folk culture , another name that is used is Atlantica . '' These names are often tied to various proposals for greater economic or political integration of the region",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bfbd9d8af8239f82ada5f6654ed704a",
"text": "North Florida North Florida is a region of the U.S. state of Florida , comprising the northern parts of the state . It is one of Florida 's three most common `` directional '' regions , along with South Florida and Central Florida . It includes Jacksonville and nearby localities in Northeast Florida , an interior region known as North Central Florida , and the Florida Panhandle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7efc92d31b8a8f86d803fb0d214ef638",
"text": "NFC East The NFC East is a division of the National Football League ( NFL ) 's National Football Conference ( NFC ) . It currently has four members : the Philadelphia Eagles , the New York Giants , the Dallas Cowboys , and the Washington Redskins . The division was formed in 1967 as the National Football League Capitol Division , keeping with the theme of having all of the league 's divisions starting with the letter `` C. '' The division was so named because it was centered on the capital of the United States , Washington , D.C. . In 1967 and 1969 the teams in the NFL Capitol Division were Dallas , Philadelphia , Washington and the expansion New Orleans Saints , which had been replaced by the New York Giants for the 1968 season . Its most recent Super Bowl champions are the New York Giants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa5539fba090563418b53c361dd9f2bb",
"text": "East Harlem East Harlem , also known as Spanish Harlem or El Barrio , is a neighborhood of Upper Manhattan , New York City roughly encompassing the area north of the Upper East Side and East 96th Street up to about the 140s , east of Fifth Avenue to the East and Harlem Rivers . It lies within Manhattan Community District 11 . Despite its name , it is generally not considered to be a part of Harlem . The neighborhood is one of the largest predominantly Latino communities in New York City , mostly made up of Puerto Ricans , as well as sizeable numbers of Dominican , Cuban and Mexican immigrants . It includes the area formerly known as Italian Harlem , in which the remnants of a once predominantly Italian community remain . The Chinese population has increased dramatically in East Harlem since 2000 . East Harlem has historically suffered from many social issues , such as the highest jobless rate in New York City , teenage pregnancy , AIDS , drug abuse , homelessness , and an asthma rate five times the national average . It has the second highest concentration of public housing in the United States , closely following Brownsville , Brooklyn . Police services to the neighborhood are divided between the 23rd and the 25th Precincts . Conversely , East Harlem is notable for its contributions to Latin freestyle and salsa music . However , East Harlem is now undergoing some gentrification . In February 2016 , East Harlem was one of four neighborhoods featured in an article in The New York Times about `` New York 's Next Hot Neighborhoods '' . Beginning in 2016 , the New York City government was seeking to rezone East Harlem `` to facilitate new residential , commercial , community facility , and manufacturing development . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dbcead5f4c5a56349a74edd7a7bad7cf",
"text": "St Helena, Baltimore St Helena is the southeasternmost neighborhood in the city of Baltimore , Maryland . St. Helena is a neighborhood within the community of Dundalk . The Baltimore City/Baltimore County boundary line runs through St. Helena . So , St. Helena is located in both Baltimore County and Baltimore City . It has a mix of rowhouses and detached homes . It is divided by railroad tracks from the Point Breeze Industrial Park . Category : East Baltimore Category : Neighborhoods in Baltimore",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d97eca0f540d10f557583382fd8747f5",
"text": "Washington Dulles International Airport Washington Dulles International Airport is an international airport in Loudoun and Fairfax counties in Virginia , United States , 26 miles ( 42 km ) west of downtown Washington , D.C. . The airport serves the Baltimore -- Washington metropolitan area , centered on the District of Columbia . The airport is named after John Foster Dulles , the 52nd Secretary of State who served under President Dwight D. Eisenhower . The Dulles main terminal is a well-known landmark designed by Eero Saarinen . Operated by the Metropolitan Washington Airports Authority , Dulles Airport occupies 13,000 acres ( 52.6 km2 ) straddling the Loudoun-Fairfax line . Most of the airport is in the unincorporated community of Dulles , in Loudoun County , with a small portion in the unincorporated community of Chantilly in Fairfax County . Dulles is the one of the three major airports in the larger Baltimore -- Washington metropolitan area with more than 21 million passengers a year . Dulles has the most international passenger traffic of any airport in the Mid-Atlantic outside of the New York metropolitan area , including approximately 90 % of the international passenger traffic in the Baltimore-Washington region . On a typical day , more than 60,000 passengers pass through Washington Dulles to and from more than 125 destinations around the world . However , Dulles Airport now ranks behind both Baltimore-Washington International Airport ( BWI ) and Ronald Reagan Washington National Airport ( DCA ) in total annual passenger boardings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce5a86271cb819293d942bd01a7dd8ea",
"text": "List of counties in Maryland There are twenty-four counties and county-equivalents in the U.S. state of Maryland . Though an independent city rather than a county , the City of Baltimore is considered the equal of a county for most purposes and is a county-equivalent . Many of the counties in Maryland were named for relatives of the Barons Baltimore who were the proprietors of the Maryland colony from its founding in 1634 through 1771 . The Barons Baltimore were Catholic , and George Calvert , 1st Baron Baltimore , originally intended that the colony be a haven for English Catholics , though for most of its history Maryland has had a majority of Protestants .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f29ed7c40eddbf4954c55f8a2875787d | Nikola Tesla received an education in physics. | [
{
"docid": "832c780ef36c74e83c4884a4401d524f",
"text": "Nikola Tesla Nikola Tesla ( Никола Тесла 10 July 1856 -- 7 January 1943 ) was a Serbian-American inventor , electrical engineer , mechanical engineer , physicist , and futurist who is best known for his contributions to the design of the modern alternating current ( AC ) electricity supply system . Born and raised in the Austrian Empire , Tesla received an advanced education in engineering and physics in the 1870s and gained practical experience in the early 1880s working in telephony and at Continental Edison in the new electric power industry . He emigrated to the United States in 1884 , where he would become a naturalized citizen . He worked for a short time at the Edison Machine Works in New York City before he struck out on his own . With the help of partners to finance and market his ideas , Tesla set up laboratories and companies in New York to develop a range of electrical and mechanical devices . His alternating current ( AC ) induction motor and related polyphase AC patents , licensed by Westinghouse Electric in 1888 , earned him a considerable amount of money and became the cornerstone of the polyphase system which that company would eventually market . Attempting to develop inventions he could patent and market , Tesla conducted a range of experiments with mechanical oscillators/generators , electrical discharge tubes , and early X-ray imaging . He also built a wireless-controlled boat , one of the first ever exhibited . Tesla became well known as an inventor and would demonstrate his achievements to celebrities and wealthy patrons at his lab , and was noted for his showmanship at public lectures . Throughout the 1890s , Tesla would pursue his ideas for wireless lighting and worldwide wireless electric power distribution in his high-voltage , high-frequency power experiments in New York and Colorado Springs . In 1893 , he made pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices . Tesla tried to put these ideas to practical use in his unfinished Wardenclyffe Tower project , an intercontinental wireless communication and power transmitter , but ran out of funding before he could complete it . After Wardenclyffe , Tesla went on to try and develop a series of inventions in the 1910s and 1920s with varying degrees of success . Having spent most of his money , he lived in a series of New York hotels , leaving behind unpaid bills . The nature of his earlier work and the pronouncements he made to the press later in life earned him the reputation of an archetypal `` mad scientist '' in American popular culture . Tesla died in New York City in January 1943 . His work fell into relative obscurity following his death , but in 1960 , the General Conference on Weights and Measures named the SI unit of magnetic flux density the tesla in his honor . There has been a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla since the 1990s .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b547469afb917c4a7bc7e9673ad3f406",
"text": "A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism A Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism is a two-volume treatise on electromagnetism written by James Clerk Maxwell in 1873 . Maxwell was revising the Treatise for a second edition when he died in 1879 . The revision was completed by William Davidson Niven for publication in 1881 . A third edition was prepared by J. J. Thomson for publication in 1892 . According to one historian , The Treatise was notoriously hard to read ; it teemed with ideas but lacked the clear focus and orderly presentation that might have enabled it to win converts more readily . Rather than simply expounding his own system , Maxwell had set out to write a comprehensive treatise on electrical science , and so he had allowed his own new distinctive ideas , notably that of the displacement current , to be almost buried under long accounts of miscellaneous phenomena discussed from several points of view . Except for a fuller treatment of the Faraday effect ( in which he again invoked the molecular vortices ) , Maxwell added little to his earlier work on the electromagnetic theory of light ; he said nothing , for example , about how electromagnetic waves might be generated , nor did he attempt to derive laws governing reflection and refraction . Maxwell introduced the use of vector fields , and his labels have been perpetuated : A ( vector potential ) , B ( magnetic induction ) , C ( electric current ) , D ( displacement ) , E ( electric field -- Maxwell 's electromotive intensity ) , F ( mechanical force ) , H ( magnetic field -- Maxwell 's magnetic force ) . Maxwell 's work is considered an exemplar of rhetoric of science : Lagrange 's equations appear in the Treatise as the culmination of a long series of rhetorical moves , including ( among others ) Green 's theorem , Gauss 's potential theory and Faraday 's lines of force -- all of which have prepared the reader for the Lagrangian vision of a natural world that is whole and connected : a veritable sea change from Newton 's vision .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75105ac83e72d6b6c4781752e35ea44",
"text": "James Franck James Franck ( 26 August 1882 -- 21 May 1964 ) was a German physicist who won the 1925 Nobel Prize for Physics with Gustav Hertz `` for their discovery of the laws governing the impact of an electron upon an atom '' . He completed his doctorate in 1906 and his habilitation in 1911 at the Frederick William University in Berlin , where he lectured and taught until 1918 , having reached the position of professor extraordinarius . He served as a volunteer in the German Army during World War I . He was seriously injured in 1917 in a gas attack and was awarded the Iron Cross 1st Class . Franck became the Head of the Physics Division of the Kaiser Wilhelm Gesellschaft for Physical Chemistry . In 1920 , Franck became professor ordinarius of experimental physics and Director of the Second Institute for Experimental Physics at the University of Göttingen . While there he worked on quantum physics with Max Born , who was Director of the Institute of Theoretical Physics . His work included the Franck -- Hertz experiment , an important confirmation of the Bohr model of the atom . He promoted the careers of women in physics , notably Lise Meitner , Hertha Sponer and Hilde Levi . After the NSDAP came to power in Germany in 1933 , Franck resigned his post in protest against the dismissal of fellow academics . He assisted Frederick Lindemann in helping dismissed Jewish scientists find work overseas , before he left Germany in November 1933 . After a year at the Niels Bohr Institute in Denmark , he moved to the United States , where he worked at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore and then the University of Chicago . During this period he became interested in photosynthesis . Franck participated in the Manhattan Project during World War II as Director of the Chemistry Division of the Metallurgical Laboratory . He was also the chairman of the Committee on Political and Social Problems regarding the atomic bomb , which is best known for the compilation of the Franck Report , which recommended that the atomic bombs not be used on the Japanese cities without warning .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd43f8783323eeacda91747e7162b881",
"text": "Technological momentum Technological momentum is a theory about the relationship between technology and society over time . The term was originally developed by the historian of technology Thomas P. Hughes . Hughes 's thesis is a synthesis of two separate models for how technology and society interact . One , technological determinism , claims that society itself is modified by the introduction of a new technology in an irreversible and irreparable way -- for example , the introduction of the automobile has influenced the manner in which American cities are designed , a change that can clearly be seen when comparing the pre-automobile cities on the East Coast to the post-automobile cities on the West Coast . Technology , under this model , self-propagates as well -- there is no turning back once adoption has taken place , and the very existence of the technology means that it will continue to exist in the future . The other model , social determinism , claims that society itself controls how a technology is used and developed -- for example , the rejection of nuclear power technology in the USA amid the public fears after the Three Mile Island incident . Technological momentum takes the two models and adds time as the unifying factor . In Hughes 's theory , when a technology is young , deliberate control over its use and scope is possible and enacted by society . However , as a technology matures , and becomes increasingly enmeshed in the society where it was created , its own deterministic force takes hold . In other words , Hughes 's says that the relationship between technology and society always starts with a social determinism model , but evolves into a form of technological determinism over time and as its use becomes more prevalent and important . Since its introduction by Hughes , the technological momentum concept has been applied by a number of other historians of technology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "030df20e0efe61a0b1bb01bd5900461b",
"text": "Leo Szilard Leo Szilard ( -LSB- ˈsɪlɑːrd -RSB- Szilárd Leó -LSB- ˈsila : rd ˈlɛo : -RSB- ; Leo Spitz until age 2 ; February 11 , 1898 -- May 30 , 1964 ) was a Hungarian-born physicist and inventor . He conceived the nuclear chain reaction in 1933 , patented the idea of a nuclear reactor with Enrico Fermi , and in late 1939 wrote the letter for Albert Einstein 's signature that resulted in the Manhattan Project that built the atomic bomb . Szilard initially attended Palatine Joseph Technical University in Budapest , but his engineering studies were interrupted by service in the Austro-Hungarian Army during World War I . He left Hungary for Germany in 1919 , enrolling at Technische Hochschule ( Institute of Technology ) in Berlin-Charlottenburg , but became bored with engineering and transferred to Friedrich Wilhelm University , where he studied physics . He wrote his doctoral thesis on Maxwell 's demon , a long-standing puzzle in the philosophy of thermal and statistical physics . Szilard was the first to recognize the connection between thermodynamics and Information theory . In addition to the nuclear reactor , Szilard submitted patent applications for a linear accelerator in 1928 , and a cyclotron in 1929 . He also conceived the idea of an electron microscope . Between 1926 and 1930 , he worked with Einstein on the development of the Einstein refrigerator . After Adolf Hitler became chancellor of Germany in 1933 , Szilard urged his family and friends to flee Europe while they still could . He moved to England , where he helped found the Academic Assistance Council , an organization dedicated to helping refugee scholars find new jobs . While in England he discovered a means of isotope separation known as the Szilard -- Chalmers effect . Foreseeing another war in Europe , Szilard moved to the United States in 1938 , where he worked with Enrico Fermi and Walter Zinn on means of creating a nuclear chain reaction . He was present when this was achieved on December 2 , 1942 . He worked for the Manhattan Project 's Metallurgical Laboratory on aspects of nuclear reactor design . He drafted the Szilard petition advocating a demonstration of the atomic bomb , but the Interim Committee chose to use them against cities without warning . After the war , Szilard switched to biology . He invented the chemostat , discovered feedback inhibition , and was involved in the first cloning of a human cell . He publicly sounded the alarm against the possible development of salted thermonuclear bombs , a new kind of nuclear weapon that might annihilate mankind . Diagnosed with bladder cancer in 1960 , he underwent treatment using a cobalt-60 treatment that he had designed . He helped found the Salk Institute for Biological Studies , where he became a resident fellow . Szilard founded Council for a Livable World in 1962 to deliver `` the sweet voice of reason '' about nuclear weapons to Congress , the White House , and the American public . He died in his sleep of a heart attack in 1964 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "355cf3f23969be7c9993316ad520b347",
"text": "Konstantin Konstantinov Konstantin Ivanovich Konstantinov ( Константин Иванович Константинов , 1817 or 1819 -- 12 January 1871 ) was a Russian artillery officer and scientist in the fields of artillery , rocketry and instrument making . He completed his military career at the rank of Lieutenant General . He was an illegitimate son of Grand Duke Constantine Pavlovich of Russia and a French actress . Konstantinov graduated from Mikhailovskoye Artillery School in St. Petersburg in 1836 . In 1844 , he invented a device for measuring the flight speed of projectiles at any point of their trajectory . In 1847 Konstantinov created a ballistic rocket pendulum , which would allow to establish a law of changing rocket motion in time . With the help of this device , he was able to determine the influence of the form and design of a rocket on its ballistic characteristics , thereby laying the foundations for calculated rocket designs . In 1849 he was appointed commander of the Petersburg Rocketry Department . In 1861 , he supervised the construction of a rocket factory in Nikolayev , which he would head six years later . Konstantinov is known to have created structurally perfect missiles ( for the 19th century ) with a range of 4 to 5 km , launch pads , and rocket-making machines . He authored a number of works on rocket science , artillery , firearms , pyrotechnics , and aeronautics . A crater on the far side of the Moon is named after him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "212ad21cca8cd6dc7da6105874930ba4",
"text": "Giovanni Battista Beccaria Giovanni Battista Beccaria ( -LSB- bekkaˈriːa -RSB- ; 3 October 1716 -- 27 May 1781 ) , Italian physicist , was born at Mondovì , and entered the religious Order of the Pious Schools or Piarists , in 1732 , where he studied , and afterward taught , grammar and rhetoric . At the same time , he applied himself with success to mathematics . He became professor of experimental physics , first at Palermo and then at Rome , and was appointed to a similar position at Turin in 1748 . He was afterwards made tutor to the young princes de Chablais and de Carignan , and continued to reside principally at Turin during the remainder of his life . In May 1755 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society of London , and published several papers on electrical subjects in the Phil . Trans . . In 1759 , King Charles Emmanuel III of Sardinia , who had invited him to Turin , employed him to measure the degree of meridian arc in Piedmont . Beccaria did much , in the way both of experiment and exposition , to spread a knowledge of the electrical researches of Benjamin Franklin and others . His principal work was the treatise Dell ' Elettricismo Naturale ed Artificiale ( 1753 ) , which was translated into English in 1776 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87a85ce2231fc0f0b79574991b0d13cf",
"text": "Victor Della-Vos Victor Karlovich Della-Vos ( 1829-1890 ) was a Russian educationalist and proponent of manual training . Della-Vos graduated from Moscow University in 1853 with a degree in physical and mathematical sciences and soon embarked on his teaching career . In 1858 he went to Paris to study machine tool manufacture . After also visiting London where he studied agricultural machinery he returned to Russia in 1864 to take up the post of professor of mechanics at the Petrovsky Academy . By 1868 he was appointed director of the Moscow Imperial Technical Academy . He became widely known for his combination of both theoretical and practical approaches to education . Following his participation in the Philadelphia Centennial Exhibition in 1876 , his approach was taken up by John Runkle of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Calvin Woodward of Washington University . This combination of tool and job analysis provided a basis of what would eventually become Taylorism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f41ca45d2f2e68746c5b6e808c2dba0e",
"text": "Vsevolod Frederiks Vsevolod Konstantinovich Frederiks ( or Fréedericksz ; Всеволод Константинович Фредерикс -LSB- ˈvʲsʲɛvəɫəd fʲrʲɪdʲɪˈrʲiks -RSB- ; April 29 , 1885 , Warsaw -- January 6 , 1944 , Gorkiy ) was a Russian/Soviet physicist . His primary contribution to physics was in the field of liquid crystals . The Frederiks transition was named after him . After high school Frederiks attended Geneva University and for one semester attended the lectures of Paul Langevin in Paris . After defending his thesis and obtaining his PhD , Fredericks decided to continue his studies at Göttingen University . He was there for more than eight years , and with the outbreak of World War I he became a civil prisoner . During that period he became personal assistant to David Hilbert . In the summer of 1918 Frederiks returned to Russia , and worked at the Institute of Physics and Biophysics in Moscow . In 1919 he became a lecturer at the University of Petrograd . He was arrested by the NKVD in 1937 , and although released before the war he died before reaching home .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c25ae38f43e5e905f5633e3c755f2944",
"text": "Institute for Advanced Study The Institute for Advanced Study ( IAS ) in Princeton , New Jersey , in the United States , is an independent , postdoctoral research center for theoretical research and intellectual inquiry founded in 1930 by American educator Abraham Flexner , together with philanthropists Louis Bamberger and Caroline Bamberger Fuld . The IAS is perhaps best known as the academic home of Albert Einstein , Hermann Weyl , John von Neumann and Kurt Gödel , after their immigration to the United States . Although it is close to and collaborates with Princeton University , Rutgers University , and other nearby institutions , it is independent and does not charge tuition or fees . Flexner 's guiding principle in founding the Institute was the pursuit of knowledge for its own sake . There are no degree programs or experimental facilities at the Institute . Research is never contracted or directed ; it is left to each individual researcher to pursue their own goals . Established during the rise of European fascism , the IAS played a key role in the transfer of intellectual capital from Europe to America and soon acquired a reputation at the pinnacle of academic and scientific life -- a reputation it has retained . It is supported entirely by endowments , grants , and gifts , and is one of the eight American mathematics institutes funded by the National Science Foundation . It is the model for the other eight members of the consortium Some Institutes for Advanced Study . The institute consists of four schools -- Historical Studies , Mathematics , Natural Sciences , and Social Sciences ; there is also a program in theoretical biology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e2b9141d4aa2450c119bc7b9a469395",
"text": "Electron The electron is a subatomic particle , symbol or , with a negative elementary electric charge . Electrons belong to the first generation of the lepton particle family , and are generally thought to be elementary particles because they have no known components or substructure . The electron has a mass that is approximately 1/1836 that of the proton . Quantum mechanical properties of the electron include an intrinsic angular momentum ( spin ) of a half-integer value , expressed in units of the reduced Planck constant , ħ . As it is a fermion , no two electrons can occupy the same quantum state , in accordance with the Pauli exclusion principle . Like all elementary particles , electrons exhibit properties of both particles and waves : they can collide with other particles and can be diffracted like light . The wave properties of electrons are easier to observe with experiments than those of other particles like neutrons and protons because electrons have a lower mass and hence a longer De Broglie wavelength for a given energy . Electrons play an essential role in numerous physical phenomena , such as electricity , magnetism , and thermal conductivity , and they also participate in gravitational , electromagnetic and weak interactions . Since an electron has charge , it has a surrounding electric field , and if that electron is moving relative to an observer it will generate a magnetic field . Electromagnetic fields produced from other sources ( not those self-produced ) will affect the motion of an electron according to the Lorentz force law . Electrons radiate or absorb energy in the form of photons when they are accelerated . Laboratory instruments are capable of trapping individual electrons as well as electron plasma by the use of electromagnetic fields . Special telescopes can detect electron plasma in outer space . Electrons are involved in many applications such as electronics , welding , cathode ray tubes , electron microscopes , radiation therapy , lasers , gaseous ionization detectors and particle accelerators . Interactions involving electrons with other subatomic particles are of interest in fields such as chemistry and nuclear physics . The Coulomb force interaction between the positive protons within atomic nuclei and the negative electrons without , allows the composition of the two known as atoms . Ionization or differences in the proportions of negative electrons versus positive nuclei changes the binding energy of an atomic system . The exchange or sharing of the electrons between two or more atoms is the main cause of chemical bonding . In 1838 , British natural philosopher Richard Laming first hypothesized the concept of an indivisible quantity of electric charge to explain the chemical properties of atoms . Irish physicist George Johnstone Stoney named this charge ` electron ' in 1891 , and J. J. Thomson and his team of British physicists identified it as a particle in 1897 . Electrons can also participate in nuclear reactions , such as nucleosynthesis in stars , where they are known as beta particles . Electrons can be created through beta decay of radioactive isotopes and in high-energy collisions , for instance when cosmic rays enter the atmosphere . The antiparticle of the electron is called the positron ; it is identical to the electron except that it carries electrical and other charges of the opposite sign . When an electron collides with a positron , both particles can be totally annihilated , producing gamma ray photons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99c9ff117e0575ba3d523aabfecd8f5c",
"text": "Telecommunication Telecommunication is the transmission of signs , signals , messages , words , writings , images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire , radio , optical or other electromagnetic systems . Telecommunication occurs when the exchange of information between communication participants includes the use of technology . It is transmitted either electrically over physical media , such as cables , or via electromagnetic radiation . Such transmission paths are often divided into communication channels which afford the advantages of multiplexing . The term is often used in its plural form , telecommunications , because it involves many different technologies . Early means of communicating over a distance included visual signals , such as beacons , smoke signals , semaphore telegraphs , signal flags , and optical heliographs . Other examples of pre-modern long-distance communication included audio messages such as coded drumbeats , lung-blown horns , and loud whistles . 20th and 21st century technologies for long-distance communication usually involve electrical and electromagnetic technologies , such as telegraph , telephone , and teleprinter , networks , radio , microwave transmission , fiber optics , and communications satellites . A revolution in wireless communication began in the first decade of the 20th century with the pioneering developments in radio communications by Guglielmo Marconi , who won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1909 . Other notable pioneering inventors and developers in the field of electrical and electronic telecommunications include Charles Wheatstone and Samuel Morse ( inventors of the telegraph ) , Alexander Graham Bell ( inventor of the telephone ) , Edwin Armstrong and Lee de Forest ( inventors of radio ) , as well as Vladimir K. Zworykin , John Logie Baird and Philo Farnsworth ( some of the inventors of television ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3afaa0aa931c58610d862ded3858162",
"text": "Magnetic field A magnetic field is the magnetic effect of electric currents and magnetic materials . The magnetic field at any given point is specified by both a direction and a magnitude ( or strength ) ; as such it is represented by a vector field.Strictly speaking , a magnetic field is a pseudo vector ; pseudo-vectors , which also include torque and rotational velocity , are similar to vectors except that they remain unchanged when the coordinates are inverted . The term is used for two distinct but closely related fields denoted by the symbols and , where is measured in units of amperes per meter ( symbol : A ⋅ m − 1 or A/m ) in the SI . is measured in teslas ( symbol : T ) and newtons per meter per ampere ( symbol : N ⋅ m − 1 ⋅ A − 1 or N / ( m ⋅ A ) ) in the SI . is most commonly defined in terms of the Lorentz force it exerts on moving electric charges . Magnetic fields can be produced by moving electric charges and the intrinsic magnetic moments of elementary particles associated with a fundamental quantum property , their spin . In special relativity , electric and magnetic fields are two interrelated aspects of a single object , called the electromagnetic tensor ; the split of this tensor into electric and magnetic fields depends on the relative velocity of the observer and charge . In quantum physics , the electromagnetic field is quantized and electromagnetic interactions result from the exchange of photons . In everyday life , magnetic fields are most often encountered as a force created by permanent magnets , which pull on ferromagnetic materials such as iron , cobalt , or nickel , and attract or repel other magnets . Magnetic fields are widely used throughout modern technology , particularly in electrical engineering and electromechanics . The Earth produces its own magnetic field , which is important in navigation , and it shields the Earth 's atmosphere from solar wind . Rotating magnetic fields are used in both electric motors and generators . Magnetic forces give information about the charge carriers in a material through the Hall effect . The interaction of magnetic fields in electric devices such as transformers is studied in the discipline of magnetic circuits .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86a3aef1ee3aeb5a772c3277f33b94c4",
"text": "Michael Nikoletseas Michael M. Nikoletseas is a medical scientist , philosopher , classicist , poet . He was born in Androussa , Messinia , Greece in 1943 . After graduating from high school in Greece , he came to America where he studied Psychology ( B.A. with Honors , 1969-1973 ) , Psychobiology ( Rutgers University , M.S. , PhD , 1973-1978 ) , and continued with postdoctoral studies at the Medical College of Pennsylvania and University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey . He taught at the School of Medicine of the University of Wisconsin in Madison , WI , and UPR . Visiting professor at the University of Texas at Houston School of Medicine . He has written books spanning a wide range : medicine , neuroscience , mathematics , philosophy , the classics , and literature . His outstanding accomplishment is his groundbreaking work on presocratic philosophers in relation to philosophy of science and his interpretation of Homer 's Iliad from an anthropological , psychoanalytic perspective . Awards : Franklin Honors Society . Parents : Johannes Peter Müller ( Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ) - > Hermann von Helmholtz ( Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ) - > Wilhelm Max Wundt ( Universität Leipzig ) - > Edward B. Titchener ( Cornell University ) - > John Paul Nafe - > Clarence Graham ( Columbia University ) - > William S. Verplank , Jr. ( Indiana University Bloomington ) - > George H. Collier ( Rutgers University ) - > Michael M. Nikoletseas",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "401041c4526d780a6c4cecbed50c0293",
"text": "Helmholtz Institute Jena The Helmholtz Institute Jena was founded as an outstation of the GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung on June 25 , 2009 and is located on the campus of the Friedrich Schiller University ( FSU ) in the city of Jena , Germany . Its purpose is to unite the research activities of the FSU in the fields of high intensity laser physics and x-ray spectroscopy with the expertise of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron ( DESY ) , GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung and Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf in the fields of accelerator physics , laser physics and x-ray technology . The research profile of the Helmholtz Institute Jena is focused on the physics occurring at the border between conventional particle-acceleration technology and the fast-evolving field of laser-induced particle acceleration . ( e.g. wakefield accelerator ) . It is concerned with advancing these new laser-induced accelerator concepts , as well as with the production and investigation of intense photon and particle beams , including their interaction with matter . Therefore the main activities of the institute are emphasized on the development of high intensity lasers , new concepts for laser-driven particle acceleration , x-ray spectroscopy and strong-field quantum electrodynamics , as well as on the physics of hot dense plasmas . Apart from that the Helmholtz Institute Jena aims to contribute to the further development of the research facilities at the Helmholtz center GSI , especially the future project FAIR ( Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research ) , and DESY with the free-electron laser ( FEL ) photon sources FLASH and XFEL ( European XFEL ) . In cooperation with the FSU Jena a completely diode-pumped laser system of the high energy petawatt class ( HEPW ) with the POLARIS laser is realized in the building of the Helmholtz Institute Jena . First measurements are done since 2008 . Due to the missing last amplifier stage the pulse strength of 1 PW could n't be reached yet . The graduate school `` Research School for Advanced Photon Science '' ( RS-APS ) was established at the Helmholtz Institute Jena in July 2012 . The RS-APS supports up to 25 PhD students and provides a structured graduation program in cooperation with facilities of the FSU Jena and the Helmholtz Graduate School for Hadron and Ion Research ( HGS-HIRe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd99c71225ac411193255f9a69254a39",
"text": "List of engineering schools Engineering education at the higher education level includes both undergraduate and graduate levels . Schools which provide such education are typically part of a university , institute of technology , or polytechnic institute . Such scholastic divisions for engineering are generally referred to by several different names , the most common being College of Engineering or School of Engineering , and typically consist of several departments , each of which has its own faculty and teaches a certain branch of engineering . Students frequently specialize in specific branches of engineering , such as mechanical engineering , electrical engineering , chemical engineering , or civil engineering , or others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd283beb60d9a33aeafe6b11abf2f77e",
"text": "Milan Kurepa Milan V. Kurepa ( 1933 -- 2000 ) was a renowned Serbian atomic physicist . Kurepa was born on 1 May 1933 in town of Bačka Palanka , Vojvodina , Serbia . In 1956 , he began his working at the Vinca Nuclear Institute in Belgrade . Kurepa graduated from the University of Belgrade Faculty of Mathematics under Aleksandar Milojević , and later electrical engineering in the United Kingdom , under J. D. Craggs . His thesis topic was slow electron scattering off atoms and molecules . Kurepa then joined the University of Belgrade physics department as an assistant professor . He became a professor in 1981 and continued in that position until his retirement in 1998 . Kurepa often worked at Universities abroad , including Germany and the UK . Kurepa 's pedagogical work at the undergraduate and graduate levels was highly valued . He was a coauthor of 12 university and 4 high-school textbooks . In 1964 , Kurepa joined the newly founded Institute of Physics at the University of Belgrade as a research scientist . There , he started the Atomic Physics Laboratory . Due primarily to Kurepa 's leadership , the Atomic Physics Laboratory gained an international reputation in the field of electron collisions with atoms or molecules . At present , about a dozen of Kurepa 's students are scientists and professors at leading universities in Australia , Belgium , the UK , France , Germany , Slovenia , Sweden , and the United States . He was an outstanding organizer , coordinating numerous domestic and international conferences . He served as president of many Yugoslavian academic institutions . In 1994 , Kurepa was elected the corresponding member of the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts . During the isolation of Yugoslavian scientists from the rest of the world due to United Nations sanctions , Kurepa organized a very successful meeting of SANU in 1997 to celebrate the 100th anniversary of the discovery of the electron . Kurepa fought for democracy in Yugoslavia . A vigorous adversary of Slobodan Milosevic 's regime , Kurepa founded in 1997 the Association of University Professors and Scientists , with the principal aim of fighting for the recovery of basic university freedoms in Serbia . He was AUPR 's first president . The association has been especially active since 1998 , when the University Act was introduced to abolish the autonomy of Serbian universities . AUPR has organized protest meetings at Serbian universities , published statements regarding university autonomy and freedom of opinion , appealed to international academic associations for intervention with the Serbian government , and engaged in similar activities . During the 2000 electoral campaign , Kurepa traveled around Serbia with the students ' movement Otpor ! . Otpor awarded him a certificate , acknowledging him as `` the most resistive professor . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eba628a5fdc6adeb71621e51a7616d2",
"text": "Treatise on Natural Philosophy Treatise on Natural Philosophy was an 1867 text book by William Thomson ( later Lord Kelvin ) and Peter Guthrie Tait , published by Oxford University Press . The Treatise was often referred to as T and T '' ' , as explained by Alexander Macfarlane : Maxwell had facetiously referred to Thomson as T and Tait as T ' . Hence the Treatise on Natural Philosophy came to be commonly referred to as T and T '' ' in conversation with mathematicians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecbbd55839710187d5f54c6c15e05a32",
"text": "Mechanics Mechanics ( Greek μηχανική ) is an area of science concerned with the behaviour of physical bodies when subjected to forces or displacements , and the subsequent effects of the bodies on their environment . The scientific discipline has its origins in Ancient Greece with the writings of Aristotle and Archimedes ( see History of classical mechanics and Timeline of classical mechanics ) . During the early modern period , scientists such as Khayaam , Galileo , Kepler , and Newton , laid the foundation for what is now known as classical mechanics . It is a branch of classical physics that deals with particles that are either at rest or are moving with velocities significantly less than the speed of light . It can also be defined as a branch of science which deals with the motion of and forces on objects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dc6ea0c1fb1c01116d0cb658bb5ee4d",
"text": "Institute of Philosophy, Russian Academy of Sciences The Institute of Philosophy was founded as the Institute of Scientific Philosophy in 1921 by Gustav Shpet , who was its first director until 1923 . The philosophy department of the University of Moscow had been disbanded in the summer of 1921 , however philosophers such as Semyon Frank and Ivan Ilyin attempted to set up temporary courses at the new institute . However , the Bolsheviks soon put a stop to this and Frank and Ilyin where amongst the deportees sent into exile on the philosophers ' ships . Shpet 's name was put forward for deportation but Anatoli Lunacharsky , the People 's Commissar for Education , intervened and he was allowed to remain in Russia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f8f47c2e320a1867b68f7fd19898f5e",
"text": "Electromagnetic mass Electromagnetic mass was initially a concept of classical mechanics , denoting as to how much the electromagnetic field , or the self-energy , is contributing to the mass of charged particles . It was first derived by J. J. Thomson in 1881 and was for some time also considered as a dynamical explanation of inertial mass per se . Today , the relation of mass , momentum , velocity and all forms of energy , including electromagnetic energy , is analyzed on the basis of Albert Einstein 's special relativity and mass -- energy equivalence . As to the cause of mass of elementary particles , the Higgs mechanism in the framework of the relativistic Standard Model is currently used . In addition , some problems concerning the electromagnetic mass and self-energy of charged particles are still studied .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
15002c67313182a5a73ede9abf061e68 | Randy Orton has a nickname. | [
{
"docid": "699d5536b28721f5c692d1664bdf64b4",
"text": "Randy Orton Randal Keith Orton ( born April 1 , 1980 ) is an American professional wrestler and actor . He is currently signed to WWE , where he performs on the SmackDown brand . Orton is a 13-time world champion . Orton has held the WWE Championship nine times ( eighth reign was as WWE World Heavyweight Champion ) and WWE 's World Heavyweight Championship four times , and was the final holder of the World Heavyweight Championship , which he unified with the WWE Championship to become the WWE World Heavyweight Champion . Orton is a third-generation professional wrestler ; his grandfather Bob Orton , Sr. , his father `` Cowboy '' Bob Orton , and his uncle Barry Orton all competed in the professional wrestling business . Before being promoted to the main World Wrestling Federation ( WWF , now WWE ) roster , Orton trained in and wrestled for Mid-Missouri Wrestling Association-Southern Illinois Conference Wrestling for a month . He was then sent to Ohio Valley Wrestling ( OVW ) , where he held the OVW Hardcore Championship twice . Orton became a member of the stable Evolution shortly after his WWE debut , which quickly led to an Intercontinental Championship reign , his first title with the company . He also acquired the moniker `` The Legend Killer '' during a storyline where he began disrespecting and then physically attacking WWE Hall of Famers and wrestling veterans . At age 24 , he became the youngest world champion in WWE history after he won the World Heavyweight Championship . With this win , he departed from Evolution and a feud with his former stablemates began . In 2006 , Orton joined forces with Edge in a tag team known as Rated-RKO . Together , they held the World Tag Team Championship . After Rated-RKO disbanded in mid-2007 , Orton gained two WWE Championship reigns in one night , when at 27 he became the youngest two-time WWE Champion . He formed the group The Legacy with Cody Rhodes and Ted DiBiase in 2008 . It disbanded in 2010 and Orton returned to singles competition . From 2013 to 2015 , Orton was aligned with The Authority , who named him the `` face of the WWE '' . In late 2016 he joined The Wyatt Family , winning the WWE SmackDown Tag Team Championship with stablemates Bray Wyatt and Luke Harper before turning on Wyatt in February 2017 . Overall , Orton has won 16 total championships in WWE . He is the winner of the 2013 Money in the Bank ladder match , both the 2009 and 2017 Royal Rumble matches , and has headlined multiple pay-per-view events for WWE , including WrestleMania XXV and WrestleMania XXX .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6fcd82a0a117c9df2fc38e0c5a56e12",
"text": "Nickname A nickname is a substitute for the proper name of a familiar person , place , or thing , for affection or ridicule . The term hypocoristic is used to refer to a nickname of affection between those in love or with a close emotional bond , compared with a term of endearment . The term diminutive name refers to nicknames that convey smallness , hence something regarded with affection or familiarity ( e.g. , referring to children ) , or contempt . The distinction between the two is often blurred . It is a form of endearment and amusement . As a concept , it is distinct from both pseudonym and stage name , and also from a title ( for example , City of Fountains ) , although there may be overlap in these concepts . A moniker also means a nickname or personal name . The word often distinguishes personal names from nicknames that became proper names out of former nicknames . English examples are Bob and Rob , nickname variants for Robert . A nickname is often considered desirable , symbolising a form of acceptance , but can sometimes be a form of ridicule .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "da946da9a13bfc0dde234306c638c5a2",
"text": "WWE One Night Stand WWE One Night Stand was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event , produced every June by WWE , a professional wrestling promotion based in Connecticut . The event was created in 2005 , with its inaugural event taking place in June of that year . The event 's name refers to its original format , that being a one night reunion show for former Extreme Championship Wrestling alumni . The first two shows were promoted under the ECW acronym ; this however was changed for the 2007 and 2008 events . As WWE launched their own version of ECW in 2006 , these two shows were promoted under the WWE acronym . The final event under the One Night Stand name was in 2008 before being renamed to Extreme Rules in 2009 . This event was noted by WWE to be a direct continuation of the One Night Stand chronology . However , the 2010 event was later promoted as only the second event under a new chronology , one that is no longer a direct continuation of the One Night Stand event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "297aac4c94e3ea9d138d81c631726618",
"text": "No Mercy (2007) No Mercy ( 2007 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) , which took place on October 7 , 2007 , at the Allstate Arena in Rosemont , Illinois . It was the 10th annual No Mercy event and involved wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Nine professional wrestling matches were scheduled on the event 's supercard . In the main event matches , Randy Orton defeated WWE Champion Triple H in a Last Man Standing match , and World Heavyweight Champion Batista defeated challenger The Great Khali in a Punjabi Prison match . Also on the undercard , WWE Champion Triple H defeated Umaga to retain his title and Finlay and Rey Mysterio fought to a no contest . The 2007 No Mercy event had an approximate attendance of 12,500 and received approximately 271,000 pay-per-view buys . This event helped WWE obtain a pay-per-view revenue of $ 19.9 million . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of nineteenth on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c28095586c4569b543253da37d4c7d52",
"text": "El Gran Luchadore El Gran Luchadore is the name of a masked Mexican professional wrestling character in World Wrestling Entertainment , seen on its SmackDown ! brand in 2004 . El Gran Luchadore ( loosely translated from Spanish to `` The Great Fighter/Wrestler , '' `` Luchadore '' is also an incorrect spelling , luchador is the correct spelling ) was mainly used as a jobber gimmick to put over other wrestlers . The first WWE wrestler to wrestle as the El Gran Luchadore was Paul London on April 22 , 2004 in a squash match against John Bradshaw Layfield ( JBL ) , Paul Heyman convinced Bradshaw to accept a match with the `` Mexican Heavyweight Champion '' after hearing that El Gran Luchadore punked out Bradshaw at an airport . Next up was Shannon Moore on July 8 , 2004 , billed as the `` champion of Mexico '' , would face WWE Champion JBL in a champion vs. champion match ( no titles on the line ) . A second squash match for JBL took an unexpected turn when El Gran Luchadore pulled a switcharoo with Eddie Guerrero ( in El Gran 's costume ) who came back fighting . When JBL finally clued that it was Guerrero , he ran away from the ring getting counted out in the process , allowing El Gran Luchadore to pick up his first victory . The next appearance of El Gran Luchadore was on July 15 , 2004 edition of SmackDown ! . During a Steel Cage match between Guerrero and JBL which saw both men sat on top of the Cage , exchanging punches until El Gran Luchadore ran down and climbed into the cage . This El Gran Luchadore held Eddie Guerrero 's leg , allowing Bradshaw to climb down the side of the cage to win . After the match El Gran Luchadore tried to get out of the locked door , but then decided to climb out the way he came in . Eddie Guerrero got to his feet and climbed up the cage struggling to get him back into the cage . Luchadore was able to get away , but in the struggle Guerrero pulled the mask off of him , revealing him to be the supposedly injured Kurt Angle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a570947f5e6e8318781928e1755fd4b",
"text": "List of city nicknames in Wisconsin This list of city nicknames in Wisconsin compiles the aliases , sobriquets and slogans that Wisconsin 's cities and towns are known by ( or have been known by historically ) , officially and unofficially , to municipal governments , local people , outsiders or their tourism boards or chambers of commerce . City nicknames can help in establishing a civic identity , helping outsiders recognize a community or attracting people to a community because of its nickname ; promote civic pride ; and build community unity . Nicknames and slogans that successfully create a new community `` ideology or myth '' are also believed to have economic value . Their economic value is difficult to measure , but there are anecdotal reports of cities that have achieved substantial economic benefits by `` branding '' themselves by adopting new slogans . Some unofficial nicknames are positive , while others are derisive . The unofficial nicknames listed here have been in use for a long time or have gained wide currency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c67576118df9bb1370e0ea97b125da7",
"text": "Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States . ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) . ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling . On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df8c425ce480bc05f131d58c32d6edfa",
"text": "Davey Boy Smith David `` Davey Boy '' Smith ( 27 November 1962 -- 18 May 2002 ) was a British professional wrestler . Born in Golborne , Lancashire , Smith is best known for his appearances in the United States with the World Wrestling Federation under his own name and under the ring name The British Bulldog . He was trained by Ted Betley in Winwick , England before relocating to Calgary , Alberta , Canada to further his training under Stu Hart . While training with Hart , Smith met Stu and Helen Hart 's youngest daughter Diana , whom he married in 1984 . One of their two children , Harry , is also a professional wrestler . Smith won titles within the WWF in three decades , from the 1980s to the 2000s . Never a world champion , Smith nevertheless headlined multiple pay-per-view events in the WWF and WCW , in which he challenged for the WWF - and WCW World Heavyweight championships . He defeated Bret Hart for the WWF Intercontinental Championship in the main event of SummerSlam 1992 at London 's original Wembley Stadium ; he also has the distinction of being the inaugural and longest reigning WWF European Champion in a total of 206 days , and to have held the title on the sole occasion where a match for that championship headlined a pay-per-view event , at One Night Only in 1997 . Prior to finding singles success , Smith achieved stardom as one half of The British Bulldogs tag team , alongside the Dynamite Kid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09654ce76f7f316d2c5643980e5abec0",
"text": "She Cries Your Name `` She Cries Your Name '' is a song by Beth Orton , released as her third single and found on her 1996 release Trailer Park . It was re-released in 1997 , with a different set of b-sides . Both releases contain 4 songs , and were released on CD and vinyl . The initial release peaked at # 76 , and the re-release at # 40 in the UK official singles chart . A very different version of the song also featuring Beth Orton appears on the William Orbit album Strange Cargo Hinterland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "174ad359f3f153cccf0b498b918201ee",
"text": "Royal Rumble (2014) Royal Rumble ( 2014 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by WWE and presented by Jackson Hewitt which took place on January 26 , 2014 at the Consol Energy Center in Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania . It was the twenty-seventh annual Royal Rumble , the first to be held in the city of Pittsburgh and the first WWE pay-per-view in 2014 . The event featured four professional wrestling matches and one pre-show match , two of which were for championships . The main event was the Royal Rumble match , a battle royal in which wrestlers enter the ring at regular intervals . Batista won by last eliminating Roman Reigns to become a two-time Royal Rumble winner . Elsewhere on the event 's card , Randy Orton successfully defended the WWE World Heavyweight Championship against John Cena , Bray Wyatt defeated Daniel Bryan , and Brock Lesnar defeated Big Show . On the event 's pre-show , The New Age Outlaws defeated Goldust and Cody Rhodes to become the new WWE Tag Team Champions . The event is known for the overwhelmingly negative crowd response during the Orton-Cena title match , as well as towards the end of ( and after ) the Royal Rumble match , when the fans booed the Rumble winner Batista and repeatedly chanted for Daniel Bryan ( who had competed earlier in the night and was not involved in the main event ) . Fans worldwide ( including retired wrestler Mick Foley ) voiced their displeasure over social media , and the event was covered by many major news outlets as one of the worst Royal Rumble pay-per-views . However , the bout between Daniel Bryan and Bray Wyatt was highly praised by fans and critics . The event also marked the final wrestling appearance of CM Punk , who walked out on WWE the next day despite still being under contract and subsequently signed a contract to compete in the UFC . The event received 467,000 buys , down 8.8 % from the 512,000 buys for the previous year 's event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b2b993a806dffbff63b10dc40aa5fb1",
"text": "Bad Blood (2003) Bad Blood ( 2003 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Maxim Hair Color , which took place on June 15 , 2003 , at the Compaq Center in Houston , Texas . It was the second event produced under the Bad Blood name and starred wrestlers from the Raw brand . This event marked the beginning of worldwide pay-per-views ( with the exception of the older and more significant Royal Rumble , WrestleMania , SummerSlam and Survivor Series pay-per-views ) being brand exclusive ( UK-only pay-per-views had been brand exclusive since Insurrextion 2002 ) . The main event was a Hell in a Cell match , featuring wrestlers fighting in a ring surrounded by a steel structure . In this match , World Heavyweight Champion Triple H defeated Kevin Nash to retain his title . Two predominant bouts were featured on the undercard ; in respective singles matches , Ric Flair defeated Shawn Michaels and Goldberg defeated Chris Jericho . The event marked the second time the Hell in a Cell format was used by WWE in a Bad Blood event ; the first was at In Your House : Badd Blood in 1997 . The 2003 Bad Blood event grossed over $ 500,000 ticket sales from an attendance of 10,000 and received about 285,000 pay-per-view buys , which was more than the following year 's event . This event helped WWE increase its yearly pay-per-view revenue by $ 6.2 million from the previous year . When the event was released on DVD , it reached a peak position of second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e4a50d3049804d71c9435307d1ee619",
"text": "Backlash (2003) Backlash ( 2003 ) was the fifth annual Backlash professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by Castrol GTX , and took place on April 27 , 2003 , at the Worcester Centrum in Worcester , Massachusetts and starred talent from the promotion 's Raw and SmackDown ! brands . The main event and featured match of the Raw brand was the encounter of Goldberg and The Rock , where Goldberg , in his first WWE Pay-Per-View , defeated Rock by pinfall , following a spear and a Jackhammer . The featured match on the undercard was a WWE Championship match from the SmackDown ! brand , between John Cena and the reigning champion , Brock Lesnar , where Lesnar defeated Cena by pinfall after an F-5 . The other predominant match on the undercard was a six-man tag team match from the Raw brand , between the team of Triple H , Ric Flair , and Chris Jericho facing Shawn Michaels , Kevin Nash , and Booker T. Triple H , Flair , and Jericho won the match by pinfall , after Triple H hit Nash with a sledgehammer . The predominant undercard match from the SmackDown ! brand was the encounter of The Big Show and Rey Mysterio , where Big Show pinned Mysterio after a chokeslam . The event grossed $ 450,000 with 10,000 ticket sales and had a 0.67 buyrate . Following the event , Goldberg began a feud with Chris Jericho . At Bad Blood , Goldberg defeated Jericho via pinfall after a Jackhammer . Brock Lesnar began a storyline with The Big Show over the WWE Championship . At Judgment Day , Lesnar defeated The Big Show in a Stretcher match to retain the WWE Championship . Triple H engaged in a storyline with Kevin Nash over the World Heavyweight Championship . At Judgment Day , Nash defeated Triple H via disqualification ; due to WWE regulations , Triple H retained the championship .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d06c8835621b6cc4acc95b4f68d04be8",
"text": "Professional wrestling tournament On various occasions in professional wrestling , a single-elimination tournament of varying match types are held , often to determine a championship or number-one contendership therein . It has been known for promotions to use title tournament that are fictitious in nature ( that is , the title may have been simply awarded under the pretext of winning a tournament elsewhere ) - notable ones include the tournaments that established the WWE World Heavyweight Championship , the WWE Intercontinental Championship , and the WWE United States Championship ( the latter when it was the NWA United States Championship ) . In tournaments with a fixed bracket , a multiple-disqualification or a multiple-countout eliminates all parties involved , and those who are slated to face the winner of such a match simply partakes in a match with one less opponent ( or simply does not wrestle , if no opponents remain ) . Tournaments , however , rarely have a final match where only one such finalist remain , with no others qualifying for the final round . Tournaments may employ a single match type throughout , or may vary match by match or round by round .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39f0a4493e96434e3e6a3dbec8775f96",
"text": "No Way Out (2008) No Way Out ( 2008 ) was the tenth annual No Way Out professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It took place on February 17 , 2008 , at the Thomas & Mack Center in Las Vegas , Nevada . It starred wrestlers from the Raw , SmackDown , and ECW brands . The main match on the Raw brand was an Elimination Chamber match to determine the number one contender for the WWE Championship at WrestleMania XXIV . Triple H won the match after last eliminating Jeff Hardy . The predominant match on the SmackDown brand was Edge versus Rey Mysterio for the World Heavyweight Championship , in which Edge won after spearing Mysterio in mid-air . The primary match on the ECW brand was Chavo Guerrero versus CM Punk for the ECW Championship . Guerrero won the match and retained the title after pinning Punk following a frog splash . The predominant match on the Raw brand was Randy Orton versus John Cena for the WWE Championship , which Cena won after Orton disqualified himself . The featured match on the undercard was an Elimination Chamber match to determine the number one contender to the World Heavyweight Championship at WrestleMania XXIV . Presented by THQ 's Frontlines : Fuel of War , the event had 329,000 buys , up on the No Way Out 2007 figure of 218,000 buys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b59f0521e8ad4b0419d30b0ec863ded",
"text": "Tony Borne Anthony Wayne `` Tony '' Osborne ( July 13 , 1926 -- August 27 , 2010 ) was an American professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Tough '' Tony Borne .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "896020dc3305dc84f6b0aeddc5f93010",
"text": "WWE Cruiserweight Championship (1991–2007) The WWE Cruiserweight Championship was a professional wrestling championship originally used in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) and later , World Wrestling Federation/Entertainment ( WWF/WWE ) . It was challenged by cruiserweights at a maximum weight of 225lbs . Following the acquisition of WCW by the then-WWF in 2001 , it became a WWF ( and later , WWE ) championship and replaced the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship . During the first WWE brand extension , it was the only title to be exclusive to the SmackDown ! brand during its entire tenure . The championship was created in WCW in 1996 , with Shinjiro Otani as the inaugural champion . However , following WCW 's purchase , the WWF/E considered the title to be a continuation of the earlier WCW Light Heavyweight Championship , which had been created in 1991 with Brian Pillman as the inaugural champion . The Cruiserweight Championship was retired in 2007 with Hornswoggle as its final holder . A new WWE Cruiserweight Championship was created in 2016 , and although both championships share the same name , the new championship does not carry the lineage of the original . The new WWE Cruiserweight Championship also has a different weight limit of 205lbs ( 93kg )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "673cbbb165cbd443e3ac6fa1018f6150",
"text": "Moonsault A moonsault , moonsault press , or back flip splash is a professional wrestling aerial technique . It was innovated by Mando Guerrero . Much of its popularity in both Japanese and American wrestling is attributed to The Great Muta , despite it being used in North America by `` Leaping '' Lanny Poffo years before Muta came from Japan . In a standard moonsault , which is generally attempted from the top rope , a wrestler faces away from the supine opponent and executes a backflip landing on the opponent in a splash/press position but facing towards the elevated position . Though this move is generally attempted from the top rope to an opponent lying face up in the mat , myriad variations exist , including moonsaults that see the wrestler land on a standing opponent and forcing them down to the mat . The move is considered a higher-impact version of a splash , since the wrestler utilizes rotational speed . A less common variation sees the wrestler perform a moonsault on a standing opponent , with the torso of the wrestler striking the torso of the opponent ( albeit upside down ) , forcing the opponent backwards and to the ground with the opponent on top of them , usually placing the opponent in a pinning predicament . Most of the variations listed below can also be performed on standing opponents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbb89dfbe79508ea40cecc383bcf4161",
"text": "Armageddon (2006) Armageddon ( 2006 ) was a professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) and presented by Activision 's Call of Duty 3 , which took place on December 17 , 2006 , at the Richmond Coliseum in Richmond , Virginia . The event starred wrestlers from the SmackDown ! brand . The main event was a tag team match , in which the team of Batista and John Cena defeated the team of King Booker and Finlay . Two featured bouts were scheduled on the undercard , including The Undertaker versus Mr. Kennedy , in a match where the objective was to place an opponent in a hearse located on the entrance stage and drive them out of the arena , which Undertaker won . The other match was an Inferno match featuring wrestlers attempting to set the opponent on fire with flames surrounding the ring . Kane defeated Montel Vontavious Porter . The event grossed over $ 423,500 in ticket sales from an attendance of 8,200 . Canadian Online Explorer 's professional wrestling section rated the WWE Tag Team Championship match a nine out of ten stars , the highest match rating . The event was released on DVD on January 16 , 2007 by Sony Music Entertainment . The DVD reached second on Billboard 's DVD Sales Chart for recreational sports during the week of February 18 , 2007 , and it dropped to the tenth spot the following week .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7509f4e711e5191e647cfae879fcbc12",
"text": "Bret \"Hit Man\" Hart: The Best There Is, the Best There Was, the Best There Ever Will Be Bret `` Hit Man '' Hart : The Best There Is , The Best There Was , The Best There Ever Will Be also known as The Bret Hart Story : The Best There Is , The Best There Was , The Best There Ever Will Be is a best selling DVD documentary film released as part of a three-DVD set on November 15 , 2005 , by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . The documentary chronicles the career of popular WWE wrestler Bret Hart . Hart collaborated with WWE to make the documentary , contributing hours of interview content to the film . This collaboration marked the first time Hart had worked in an on camera capacity with WWE since the Montreal Screwjob , which was Hart 's last in-ring appearance with the company until his return on January 4 , 2010 . The documentary chronicles Bret Hart 's wrestling career , from how he broke into the business as a member of the Hart family to his run in World Championship Wrestling ( WCW ) . Highlights of matches from his days in his father 's Stampede Wrestling promotion , as well as his time in the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) and WCW are shown while insight is provided from Hart about what went on behind the scenes . This is the second documentary about Bret Hart , the first being Hitman Hart : Wrestling with Shadows ( which was produced with cooperation by the WWF , but not released by WWF/E Home Video ) which chronicles Hart 's last days wrestling in the WWF and talks about his relationship with his brother Owen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1919e7da85c121dc858bd05e7873fdc",
"text": "Ric Savage Frank Huguelet ( born June 5 , 1969 ) is an American retired professional wrestler , better known by his ring name , `` Heavy Metal '' Ric Savage . He is the host of Savage Family Diggers , a reality treasure hunting show airing on Spike TV . He also conducts haunted `` ghost tours '' in Gettysburg , Pennsylvania . Huguelet wrestled across the eastern seaboard of the U.S. from 1990 until 1997 . While spending much of his career in the independent circuits , he also wrestled for the National Wrestling Alliance , United States Wrestling Association , Extreme Championship Wrestling , World Championship Wrestling and National Championship Wrestling .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8184a2637c5ae5041c16f7b13a7b09c1",
"text": "WrestleMania 23 WrestleMania 23 was the twenty-third annual WrestleMania professional wrestling pay-per-view ( PPV ) event produced by World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) . It was presented by 360 OTC and took place on April 1 , 2007 , at Ford Field in Detroit , Michigan . The event was the first WrestleMania at Ford Field and the second to take place in the Detroit metropolitan area ( following WrestleMania III , at the Pontiac Silverdome , in Pontiac , Michigan ) . The event was a joint-brand pay-per-view , featuring performers from the Raw , SmackDown ! , and ECW brands . Eight professional wrestling matches were featured on the event 's supercard , a scheduling of more than one main event . The main match on the Raw brand was John Cena versus Shawn Michaels for the WWE Championship , in which Cena won . The predominant match on the SmackDown ! brand was Batista versus The Undertaker for the World Heavyweight Championship , in which The Undertaker was victorious . The primary match on the ECW brand was an eight-man tag team match between The ECW Originals and The New Breed ; The ECW Originals claimed victory in the match . Other featured matches on the card included ECW Champion Bobby Lashley ( representing Donald Trump ) versus Intercontinental Champion Umaga ( representing Vince McMahon ) in a match where either Trump or McMahon would be shaved bald if their wrestler lost , and an eight-man interpromotional Money in the Bank ladder match . Tickets for the event went on sale on November 11 , 2006 . The all-time Ford Field attendance record of 80,103 consisted of people from all fifty U.S. states , twenty-four countries , and nine Canadian provinces . WrestleMania 23 grossed US$ 5.38 million in ticket sales , breaking the previous record of $ 3.9 million held at WrestleMania X8 . WWE estimated that $ 25 million was pumped into the Detroit economy . With about 1.2 million buys , the event was the highest WWE pay-per-view buyrate in history . WrestleMania XXVIII in 2012 passed 1.2 million buys with 1.21 million buys . It also has the fourth highest attendance in WrestleMania history behind only WrestleMania III and later WrestleMania 29 , and WrestleMania 32 which drew 80,676 fans in 2013 and 101,763 in 2016 , respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0301bd931b778ca189ab528b2c278cd5",
"text": "Randi Randi is both a given name , and a nickname in the English language , popular in North America and Norway . It is primarily a feminine name , although there is recorded usage of the name by men . It may have originated as a pet form of Miranda or as a feminine form of Randy . In turn , Randy was originally derived from the names Randall , Randolf , Randolph , Bertrand and Andrew . In Norway , Randi is a feminine name that emerged in the 1400s as a short form of Ragnfrid ( Ragnfríðr ) . The original meaning in Old Norse is `` God-loving '' . Ragnfríðr was famously used about three different people in runic inscriptions from the Viking era . Later the variant Rangdid was common in the Middle Ages . Over 20 different people with the name was mentioned in the Regesta Norvegica . By the 1600s the variant Randi was a common feminine name in Norway .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3c083f74a5df6a6dc5294d872a30ff05 | In 2008, Arjun Kapoor hosted the seventh season of Fear Factor: Khatron Ke Khiladi. | [
{
"docid": "0801f892b60b8ee6c828d606facc68be",
"text": "Arjun Kapoor Arjun Kapoor ( -LSB- ɐrˈɟun kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 26 June 1985 ) is an Indian actor who appears in Bollywood films . He is the son of film producers Boney Kapoor and Mona Shourie Kapoor . After working as an assistant director and associate producer on several films , including Kal Ho Naa Ho ( 2003 ) and Wanted ( 2009 ) , he made his acting debut with Habib Faisal 's romantic drama Ishaqzaade ( 2012 ) , for which he was nominated for the Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut . Kapoor went on to portray a coal bandit in the action film Gunday ( 2014 ) , an aspiring writer in the romance 2 States ( 2014 ) and a stay-at-home husband in the romantic comedy Ki & Ka ( 2016 ) ; all three films earned over worldwide . In addition to acting in film , Kapoor has hosted the 16th IIFA Awards ceremony in 2015 and the seventh season of the television reality show Fear Factor : Khatron Ke Khiladi in 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7b3d30f65ebaaf052e50d4c13ae50224",
"text": "Hindustan Ke Hunarbaaz Hindustan Ke Hunarbaaz was a talent show for children airing on Life OK which premiered on 22 October 2012 and went off air on 16 November 2012 . It aired from Monday to Friday 7:00 IST to 8:00 IST . It believes that every child is special . Unlike many reality shows , it is not a competition . This show aims to showcase children 's talents . Children of age 4-16 can participate . The judges are Terence Lewis and Sonali Bendre and was hosted by Paras Tomar",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebd75f094014ad3c59fa54274457ec05",
"text": "Hum Award for Best Host Hum Award for Best Host is one of the Hum Awards of Merit presented annually by the Hum Television Network and Entertainment Channel ( HTNEC ) to host working in the Television industry . Since its inception , however , the award has commonly been referred to as the hum for Best Host . While hosts are nominated for this award by Hum members who are actors and actresses themselves , winners are selected by the Hum membership as a whole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e596e6b952cc70e01914d38903bb7065",
"text": "Beauty and the Geek Australia Beauty and the Geek Australia is an Australian reality television series on the Seven Network . It was originally hosted by Bernard Curry in the first four series and has been replaced by James Tobin as the new host . It is based on the United States program Beauty and the Geek created by Ashton Kutcher . The premise of the show consists of a group of `` Beauties '' ( young women who have relied primarily on their looks ) and a group of `` Geeks '' ( young men who have relied primarily on intellect rather than social aptitude or looks ) are paired up to compete as teams for a 100,000 prize . As of 27 November 2014 , 49 episodes have aired .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "206835f069d1be9fd86c15df0f8ed1d4",
"text": "Akshay Kumar Rajiv Hari Om Bhatia ( born 9 September 1967 ) , better known by his stage name Akshay Kumar , is an Indian-born actor who works in Bollywood films . Kumar is also a producer and martial artist who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Kumar has Canadian citizenship . Kumar won the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in Rustom and he has been nominated for Filmfare Awards several times , winning it two times . Box Office India listed Kumar as one of the most successful actors in the history of Indian cinema . In February 2013 , many media outlets reported that the net box-office collection of Kumar 's films had crossed and he was the first and the only Bollywood actor to do so . Having done so , he has established himself as a leading contemporary actor of Hindi cinema . When he began his acting career in the 1990s , he primarily starred in action films and was known for his appearances in films of the `` Khiladi series '' as well as other action films such as Waqt Hamara Hai ( 1993 ) , Mohra ( 1994 ) , Elaan ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Sapoot ( 1996 ) , Jaanwar ( 1999 ) . Later , Kumar also gained fame for his drama , romance , action and comic roles . His performances in romance films like Yeh Dillagi ( 1994 ) , Dhadkan ( 2000 ) , Andaaz ( 2003 ) and Namastey London ( 2007 ) , as well as drama films such as Waqt : The Race Against Time ( 2005 ) . His comic performances in comedy films such as Hera Pheri ( 2000 ) , Mujhse Shaadi Karogi ( 2004 ) , Garam Masala ( 2005 ) , Bhagam Bhag ( 2006 ) , Bhool Bhulaiyaa ( 2007 ) , and Singh Is Kinng ( 2008 ) met with acclaim . In 2007 , he starred in four consecutive commercially successful films . Kumar hit a rough patch since 2009 to 2011 but came back with two successes , Housefull 2 ( 2012 ) and Rowdy Rathore ( 2012 ) with both of them grossing over . His other films like OMG ( 2012 ) , Special 26 ( 2012 ) , Holiday ( 2014 ) and Gabbar Is Back ( 2015 ) were highly successful critically and commercially . From January 2016 to February 2017 , he starred in four Rs 100-crore plus earner in a row with films Airlift ( 2016 ) , Housefull 3 ( 2016 ) , Rustom ( 2016 ) and Jolly LLB 2 ( 2017 ) . Apart from acting , Kumar has also worked as a stunt actor ; he has often performed many dangerous stunts in his films , which has earned him the sobriquet `` Indian Jackie Chan '' . In 2008 , he hosted the show Fear Factor -- Khatron Ke Khiladi . The next year , he founded the Hari Om Entertainment production company . In 2012 , he founded another production company called Grazing Goat Pictures . In 2014 , Kumar launched TV realty show Dare 2 Dance . He also owns the team Khalsa Warriors in the World Kabaddi League . In 2015 , Kumar was ranked 9th in Forbes ' first global list of highest-paid actors in the world . In 2008 , the University of Windsor conferred an Honorary Doctorate on Kumar in recognition of his contribution to Indian cinema . The following year he was awarded the Padma Shri by the Government of India . In 2011 , The Asian Awards honoured Kumar for his outstanding achievement in Cinema .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e781a6450d10157519c30e6ea8d967a",
"text": "Sanjay Kapoor Sanjay Kapoor is a Bollywood actor and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbe3ec955ae11a76fe31382e9b46dca4",
"text": "Mini Mathur Mini Mathur is an Indian television host , actress and model . She was the host of the Indian reality singing contest Indian Idol for 4 seasons . Earlier , she was a VJ on MTV India where she hosted many popular shows for the channel . She is an MBA in marketing & recently played a role in the film I , Me Aur Main . She currently also hosts an interview based show with politicians , industrialists and opinion makers called `` Dilli dil se '' . She was a contestant in the second season of Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "745fe2d18c43313d636be2ea77bbc442",
"text": "13th Critics' Choice Awards The 13th Critics ' Choice Awards were given on 7 January 2008 to honor the finest achievements in 2007 filmmaking . D. L. Hughley hosted the event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a024c98f06eb29ca96c83b8eef9b2ac",
"text": "Food Food Maha Challenge Food Food Maha Challenge is an Indian competitive cooking game show on Food Food TV channel . It is produced by FremantleMedia and screens on `` FoodFood channel '' . Chef Sanjeev Kapoor and actress Madhuri Dixit serve as the show 's main judges . Season 1 of show started airing on FoodFood on every Friday at 1:00 PM IST . The first episode aired on 9 September 2011 , and the season one finale was broadcast on 2 December 2011 . The first winner of Food Food Maha Challenge was Saransh Goila , a 24-year-old actor & chef from Delhi . He was awarded the title of being India 's first Super Chef . Season 1 Was hosted by Actress Madhuri Dixit who is a renowned Bollywood diva , along with Chef Sanjeev Kapoor who is an Indian Celebrity chef & entrepreneur .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4113708775ef709ce3c9208276482922",
"text": "Dance Bangla Dance Dance Bangla Dance is a Bengali reality show program . It airs in the Zee Bangla television network of India.It first started in 2009 april 6 following Dance India Dance by Mithun grand master himself Mithun Chakraborty had been the show 's host from the beginning but according to a news article published in Anandabazar Patrika , Ananda Plus on 6 December 2013 , the 2014 session will not be judged by Chakraborty . Recently it has been telecasted in the Zee Bangla 's show Dadagiri , that Dev will be the judge of it from season 8 . Some of the other celebrities who have judged the show are Swastika Mukherjee , and Ananya Chatterjee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d97951706285561a338328060cbefd3",
"text": "7th Lux Style Awards The 2008 Lux Style Awards , officially known as the 7th Lux Style Awards ceremony , presented by the Lux Style Awards honours the best films of 2008 and took place at the DHA Golf Club , Karachi on 29th Oct , 08 . This year , the city of lights played host to the Pakistani Film Industry . The official ceremony took place on 29th Oct , 08 , at the Expo Centre , in Karachi . During the ceremony , Lux Style Awards were awarded in 29 competitive categories . The ceremony was televised in Pakistan and internationally on Geo TV . Actor Shaan Shahid and rockstar Ali Azmat hosted the ceremony . Fawad Khan also hosted some parts of the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9529bb0f40f07093951fa57aeee9b9f9",
"text": "Karanvir Bohra Karanvir Bohra -LSB- kəˈrəɳʋiːr boːhraː -RSB- ( born Manoj Bohra , 30 August 1982 ) is an actor , producer and designer . He has starred in the TV shows Kasautii Zindagii Kay , Dil Se Di Dua ... Saubhagyavati Bhava ? and Qubool Hai and also in the movies Kismat Konnection and Mumbai 125 KM . He participated in the reality shows Jhalak Dikhhla Jaa 6 , Khatron Ke Khiladi Darr Ka Blockbuster . Bohra also owns a men wear clothing line , Pegasus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "244322c544aa8364321011d59de4ae30",
"text": "Gauhar Khan Gauhar Khan ( also known as Gauahar Khan , born 23 August 1983 ) is an Indian model and actress . After pursuing modeling , she made her acting debut in 2009 with Yash Raj Films ' Rocket Singh : Salesman of the Year . Khan also starred in films such as the action thriller Game ( 2011 ) , the revenge drama Ishaqzaade ( 2012 ) , the suspense thriller Fever ( 2016 ) and the romantic comedy Badrinath Ki Dulhania ( 2017 ) . She has featured in songs including `` Naa Pere Kanchan Mala '' ( Shankar Dada M.B.B.S. , 2004 ) , `` Nasha Nasha '' ( Aan : Men at Work , 2004 ) , `` Parda Parda '' ( Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai , 2010 ) and `` Jhalla Walla '' and `` Chokra Jawaan '' ( Ishaqzaade , 2012 ) . She was the winner of Bigg Boss 7 , a reality show on Colors TV . She has a starring role in the Bollywood musical , Zangoora .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30c334a48c3b3095fae6b34b2880301f",
"text": "Rukawat Ke Liye Khed Hai Rukawat Ke Liye Khed Hai is a TV show which started its first season on 26 April 2015 . It is hosted by Karan Singhmar . The show is about fooling people with different unusual tactics and catching the fun moments with hidden cameras . It is produced by Kosmik Global Media Pvt. Ltd. . The show airs on Sab TV , every Sunday at 12.30 pm and 7.30 pm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02d168b5ae35fedf51eadc62415e6d93",
"text": "Fear Factor India Fear Factor India was an Indian adaptation of the popular reality show Fear Factor . The series premiered on Sony TV on March 10 , 2006 , and was presented by Indian television actor Mukul Dev . The season 2 and onward seasons of the series aired on the Indian channel Colors Viacom 18 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07e8b6c5a3a3659cd476f4de55328d3d",
"text": "Nadia Khan Show Nadia Khan Show is a talk show on Pakistan 's Geo Entertainment , started in 2006 and hosted by presenter and producer Nadia Khan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bc0c62236049401fb82c52e9cab7ccb",
"text": "Dance Plus Dance Plus ( tagline : Ise Kehte Hain Dance ) is an Indian dance competition reality television series , which premiered on 26 July 2015 and broadcast on STAR Plus . The series is produced by Urban Brew Studios . The auditions for the show were carried out in thirteen cities in India , between 3 June 2015 and 11 October 2015 . The Winner of Dance + Season 1 was V Company from Team Dharmesh . The series is hosted by Raghav Juyal , with Remo D'Souza as the Super Judge . Dharmesh Yelande , Sumeet Nagdev and Shakti Mohan are the mentors of the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4e7f97466a446692303491f6b00969f",
"text": "Star Anchor Hunt Star Anchor Hunt , was an Indian Reality Television show , hosted on Star News .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d72f9e93c77d04269ec033c333d3f75",
"text": "Human Factor (Armenian TV series) The Human Factor ( -LSB- : hy : Մարդկային գործոն , `` Մարդկային գործոն '' -RSB- ) is an Armenian weekday television news broadcast and talk show , first aired in 2013 on June 10 on Armenia TV . It aims to address difficult social issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d96c0c71ebbd11d0241be06b41df8f5",
"text": "Don't Worry Ho Jayega Do n't Worry Ho Jayega is an Indian television comedy series that aired on Sahara TV now as Sahara One . The series stars known comedy actor Ashok Saraf in the main lead , and is produced by his wife Nivedita Saraf . The series premiered on April 4 , 2000 , and aired on every Tuesday at 8pm IST .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67b9b3c4a1a7d398790394c0dc4ba9dc",
"text": "Maanada Mayilada Maanada Mayilada is an Indian dance competition show airing since 2005 on Kalaignar TV . The show was conceived , produced and directed by noted choreographer Kala Master . She is also one of the judges and the only constant judge throughout the show . Other judges have been Brinda , Kushboo Sundar , Rambha , Namitha , Simran , Mumtaj , Sudha Chandran , Meena . Prasanth and Srikanth . Sanjeev and Keerthi have been the hosts for all seasons . The choreographers for this dance show include Prem Master , Anthony Master , Rajesh Master , Ramesh Master , Chandru Master , Raghu Master , Sandy Master , Mani Master , Tamil Master , Bala Master , Nantha . Maanada Mayilada has alternative choreographers and sometimes the choreographers help each other during the seasons . Maanada Mayilada is best known for the types of dance shown and the beautiful , unique sets brought by Kala Master . The sets have become a major highlight and are appreciated by the audience .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f45bff670c3577c46496f120ad8dd3f9 | John Malkovich starred in Ripley's Game. | [
{
"docid": "408564940f9511892b6a6d627ff2ee99",
"text": "John Malkovich John Gavin Malkovich ( born December 9 , 1953 ) is an American actor , director , and producer . He has appeared in more than 70 films . For his roles in Places in the Heart and In the Line of Fire , he received Academy Award nominations . He has also appeared in films such as Empire of the Sun , The Killing Fields , Con Air , Of Mice and Men , Rounders , Ripley 's Game , Knockaround Guys , Being John Malkovich , Shadow of the Vampire , Burn After Reading , RED , Mulholland Falls , Dangerous Liaisons , and Warm Bodies , as well as producing films such as Ghost World , Juno , and The Perks of Being a Wallflower . In January 2017 , he launched his menswear fashion line with an online shop .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c9713caaa9368da3ecf14d3474681057",
"text": "Boychoir (film) Boychoir is a 2014 American drama film directed by François Girard and written by Ben Ripley . The film stars Dustin Hoffman , Kathy Bates , Debra Winger , Josh Lucas and the American Boychoir School .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f523db6cb474f403db2ffd0ab9ceead",
"text": "Fair Game (1995 film) Fair Game is a 1995 American action film directed by Andrew Sipes . It stars Cindy Crawford as family law attorney Kate McQuean and William Baldwin as Max Kirkpatrick , a Florida police officer . Kirkpatrick ends up on the run to protect McQuean when she is targeted for murder by ex-members of the KGB with interests in a ship owned by a Cuban man who may lose it in a divorce case being pursued by McQuean . The film is based on Paula Gosling 's novel of the same name , which was previously adapted into the 1986 Sylvester Stallone film Cobra . Locations used for the film included Coral Gables , Florida , Miami Beach , and the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8647b2eb8a26e412ed44ffe47fcb933d",
"text": "Alien (film) Alien is a 1979 British-American science-fiction horror film directed by Ridley Scott , and starring Sigourney Weaver , Tom Skerritt , Veronica Cartwright , Harry Dean Stanton , John Hurt , Ian Holm and Yaphet Kotto . The film 's title refers to a highly aggressive extraterrestrial creature that stalks and kills the crew of a spaceship . Dan O'Bannon wrote the screenplay from a story he wrote with Ronald Shusett , drawing influence from previous works of science fiction and horror . The film was produced by Gordon Carroll , David Giler and Walter Hill through their Brandywine Productions and distributed by 20th Century Fox . Giler and Hill made revisions and additions to the script . Shusett was executive producer . The eponymous Alien and its accompanying elements were designed by Swiss artist H. R. Giger , while concept artists Ron Cobb and Chris Foss designed the human aspects of the film . Alien launched the Alien franchise and is chronologically the first of the main series , with the prequel series set in an earlier timeframe . Alien received both critical acclaim and box office success , receiving an Academy Award for Best Visual Effects , Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film , Best Direction for Scott , and Best Supporting Actress for Cartwright , and a Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation , along with numerous other award nominations . It has remained highly praised in subsequent decades , being considered one of the greatest films of all time . In 2002 , the film was deemed `` culturally , historically or aesthetically significant '' by the Library of Congress and was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry . In 2008 , it was ranked as the seventh-best film in the science fiction genre by the American Film Institute , and as the 33rd greatest film of all time by Empire magazine . The success of Alien spawned a media franchise of novels , comic books , video games , and toys . It also launched Weaver 's acting career by providing her with her first lead role , and the story of her character Ellen Ripley 's encounters with the Alien creatures became the thematic thread that ran through the sequels Aliens ( 1986 ) , Alien 3 ( 1992 ) and Alien : Resurrection ( 1997 ) . , a crossover with the Predator franchise produced the Alien vs. Predator series , which includes Alien vs. Predator ( 2004 ) and Aliens vs. Predator : Requiem ( 2007 ) , and also a prequel series of films , which includes Prometheus ( 2012 ) and Alien : Covenant ( 2017 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b0813a2a680576abbbe627a55f0977f",
"text": "The Game Is Over The Game Is Over ( original title La Curée , `` The Kill '' ) is a 1966 French-Italian French language film directed by Roger Vadim and starring Jane Fonda , Michel Piccoli and Peter McEnery . The film is a modern-day adaptation of the 1871-72 novel La Curée by Émile Zola .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8d003301901788c14fa04f007ea633a",
"text": "Arachnophobia (film) Arachnophobia is a 1990 American thriller-comedy film directed by Frank Marshall and starring Jeff Daniels and John Goodman . It was the first film released by The Walt Disney Studios ' Hollywood Pictures label , as well as being the directorial debut of Marshall . The film 's story centers on a newly discovered Venezuelan spider being transported to a small American town that produces a new species of deadly spiders , which begin killing the town 's residents one by one . Shooting took place in Venezuela and California and the film was released in the United States on July 18 , 1990 . It was a modest commercial success , gaining $ 53.21 million at the box office . It received generally positive reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1831e9dff489c652ede97dfd52be6a3e",
"text": "Creature from the Black Lagoon (pinball) Creature from the Black Lagoon is a pinball machine designed by John Trudeau ( `` Dr. Flash '' ) and released by Midway ( under the Bally brand name ) . It is loosely based on the movie of the same name . The game 's theme is 1950 's drive-in theater . The pinball machine was licensed from Universal Studios by Bally so that the backglass artwork , the cabinet artwork , and the creature looked like the original movie actors and monsters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95761e26456cf2f24e211312b5b3121e",
"text": "Game (Scientology) In the Church of Scientology , the Official Scientology and Dianetics glossary defines L. Ron Hubbard 's concept of `` game '' as : game : a contest of person against person or team against team . A game consists of freedoms , barriers and purposes , and there is a necessity in a game to have an opponent or an enemy . Also there is a necessity to have problems , and enough individuality to cope with a situation . To live life fully , then , one must have in addition to `` something to do , '' a higher purpose , and this purpose , to be a purpose at all , must have counter-purposes or purposes which prevent it from occurring . The Aberree noted in its Volume 3 , issue 1 ( April 1956 ) : `` Scientology is Hubbard 's game ... It is also anyone 's game who really wants to own and play it . '' Scientologist and jazz musician Chick Corea refers to Hubbard 's `` game '' concept in his song `` What Games Shall We Play Today ? '' Compare the Scientological view of life as `` a game . A game in which everyone can win and no one need lose . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2060c308718e50d560ebcb8ef91d2dd",
"text": "The Believers The Believers is a 1987 American neo-noir thriller film directed by John Schlesinger , released in 1987 and starring Martin Sheen , Robert Loggia and Helen Shaver . It is based on the 1982 novel The Religion by Nicholas Conde .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d69b0e30a44d230327e3113a958735b9",
"text": "Young Dillinger Young Dillinger is a 1965 gangster film . It stars Nick Adams as the notorious criminal John Dillinger , and co-stars Robert Conrad , John Ashley and Mary Ann Mobley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5324570341ce64ebf3ceb29e24d262eb",
"text": "Alienator Alienator is a 1989 science fiction/action/thriller , directed by filmmaker Fred Olen Ray -- the producer , director , and screenwriter of over one hundred low to medium-budget feature films in many genres -- and starring Jan-Michael Vincent , star of the CBS television series Airwolf . Alienator is among several films produced by Jeffrey C. Hogue . The movie was described by Leonard Maltin and confirmed by Fred Olen Ray to be a `` semi-remake '' of the 1957 film The Astounding She-Monster . Robert Clarke , who starred in that movie , also appears in Alienator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "825010961644c296dd1ae07fe6e242f2",
"text": "Al Rockoff Al Rockoff is an American photojournalist made famous by his coverage of the Vietnam War and of the Khmer Rouge takeover of Phnom Penh , Cambodia 's capital . He was portrayed in the Academy Award winning film The Killing Fields by actor John Malkovich , although he has never been happy with this portrayal . Rockoff was born in Pawtucket , Rhode Island and is half Russian and half Irish . After enlisting in the Navy while under age , he subsequently became an Army photographer in South Vietnam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc80cd00e229c7c1092c05740fd4701e",
"text": "Swimming Pool (2001 film) Swimming Pool is a 2001 German slasher film , known in Germany as Swimming Pool - Der Tod feiert mit and The Pool in the United States . It was directed by Boris von Sychowski and stars James McAvoy , Isla Fisher , Kristen Miller , and Jason Liggett . It was followed by Swimming Pool 2 in 2005 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ce6144f21aedd6c0904ef060cc9b80e",
"text": "The Verdict The Verdict is a 1982 American courtroom drama film starring Paul Newman , Charlotte Rampling , Jack Warden , James Mason , Milo O'Shea and Lindsay Crouse . The film , which was directed by Sidney Lumet , was adapted by David Mamet from the novel by Barry Reed . It is about a down-on-his-luck alcoholic lawyer who takes a medical malpractice case to improve his own situation , but discovers along the way that he is doing the right thing . The Verdict garnered critical acclaim and box office success . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Paul Newman ) , Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( James Mason ) , Best Director ( Sidney Lumet ) , Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay ( David Mamet ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ba795b1ed2e284dd883992a9b8674d2",
"text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (console game) The Lost World : Jurassic Park is an action-adventure video game developed by DreamWorks Interactive and Appaloosa Interactive , and published by Electronic Arts and Sega for the Sony PlayStation and Sega Saturn , respectively , in 1997 . The Lost World : Jurassic Park is based on the film of the same name , which in turn is based on the novel by Michael Crichton . In 1998 a special edition of the game was released for the Sony PlayStation as a Greatest Hits title and featured several modifications to the gameplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1",
"text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f552d1abd43dab1ae24828341f90310",
"text": "Astor Theatre The Astor Theatre was located at 1537 Broadway , at West 45th Street in Times Square in New York City . It opened September 21 , 1906 with Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream and continued to operate as a Broadway theatre until 1925 . From 1925 until it closed in 1972 it was a first-run movie theater . The theater was designed by architect George W. Keister . It was demolished in 1982 to make way for the Marriott Marquis Hotel . The Astor was first managed by Lincoln A. Wagenhals and Collin Kemper , then by George M. Cohan and Sam Harris , and later by the Shubert Organization . Among the plays that debuted at the Astor were Cohan 's Seven Keys to Baldpate ( 1913 ) and Why Marry ? ( 1917 ) by Jesse Lynch Williams , the first winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Drama . In 1925 Loew 's Theatres bought the Astor and converted it into a movie house in order to have a Times Square `` road show '' showcase for first-run films from the MGM film studio . The Big Parade ( 1925 ) was the first film shown at the Astor where it ran for a continuous 96-week engagement . Other films to make their Times Square debuts at the Astor include The Broadway Melody ( 1929 ) , Grand Hotel ( 1932 ) , The Great Ziegfeld ( 1936 ) and Gone With the Wind ( 1939 ) for MGM ; and Alfred Hitchcock 's Spellbound ( 1945 ) and The Beatles in A Hard Day 's Night '' ( 1964 ) for United Artists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d67e6f4e87164f14868e3f6cf979202e",
"text": "The Lost World: Jurassic Park (film score) Like its predecessor , The Lost World : Jurassic Park was scored by famed composer John Williams ( a longtime collaborator with director Steven Spielberg ) , orchestrated by Conrad Pope and John Neufeld , and recorded in Los Angeles . Notably , Williams did not write a stereotypical sequel score , but instead developed a wildly different style for the different location , cast , and darker tone of the second Jurassic Park film . The original soundtrack album -- released by MCA Records on April 30 , 1997 -- features over seventy minutes of the film 's music , including some material that was unused in the film 's final cut ( e.g. `` The Hunt '' ) . The single disc is packaged in a paper case that opens to reveal dioramas of jungle scenery and dinosaurs from the film . A John Williams collection edition , joint with the soundtrack to the first movie , was released by La-La Land Records on November 29 , 2016 , remastered and featuring additional unreleased music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81bbd36b114d04ff9a4de41ad2ac0e4e",
"text": "The Chamber (film) The Chamber is a 1996 crime thriller film based on John Grisham 's novel of the same name . The film was directed by James Foley and stars Gene Hackman and Chris O'Donnell .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "defc42bdb0ecbd43cac9b0dea624d1a6",
"text": "Bunker 6 Bunker 6 is a Canadian psychological thriller film set in an alternate timeline in which a nuclear holocaust takes place during the Cuban Missile Crisis . Most of the film 's action is set a decade later , inside a very large fallout shelter , in which a group of survivors are faced with the dilemma of continuing life in the shelter or facing the uncertainty of life in a world contaminated by radiation . Theatrically released , the film was also destined for television and `` direct-to-video '' release . Directed by Canadian writer and director Greg Jackson , in his first feature film , it stars Andrea Lee Norwood and Molly Dunsworth . The supporting cast includes Jim Fowler , Glen Matthews and Shelley Thompson . The film was shot in an actual fallout shelter in Nova Scotia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b73f0b448ba6ef24a13beb931754057",
"text": "The Game (1984 film) The Game also known as The Cold is a low budget 1984 horror film directed by Bill Rebane . The film was made in Wisconsin and released theatrically by Trans World Entertainment .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a1fd86f8f2f3c067e9c9f33250348c1f | Andy Warhol has creations that are highly valuable and collectible. | [
{
"docid": "e22896c67513b7f5ff82dd78af9b7ddc",
"text": "Andy Warhol Andy Warhol ( -LSB- ˈwɔrhɒl -RSB- born Andrew Warhola ; August 6 , 1928 -- February 22 , 1987 ) was an American artist , director and producer who was a leading figure in the visual art movement known as pop art . His works explore the relationship between artistic expression , celebrity culture , and advertising that flourished by the 1960s , and span a variety of media , including painting , silkscreening , photography , film , and sculpture . Some of his best known works include the silkscreen paintings Campbell 's Soup Cans ( 1962 ) and Marilyn Diptych ( 1962 ) , the experimental film Chelsea Girls ( 1966 ) , and the multimedia events known as the Exploding Plastic Inevitable ( 1966 -- 67 ) . Born and raised in Pittsburgh , Warhol initially pursued a successful career as a commercial illustrator . After exhibiting his work in several galleries in the late 1950s , he began to receive recognition as an influential and controversial artist . His New York studio , The Factory , became a well-known gathering place that brought together distinguished intellectuals , drag queens , playwrights , Bohemian street people , Hollywood celebrities , and wealthy patrons . He promoted a collection of personalities known as Warhol superstars , and is credited with coining the widely used expression `` 15 minutes of fame . '' In the late 1960s , he managed and produced the experimental rock band The Velvet Underground and founded Interview magazine . He authored numerous books , including The Philosophy of Andy Warhol and Popism : The Warhol Sixties . He is also notable as a gay man who lived openly as such before the gay liberation movement . After a gallbladder surgery in 1987 , Warhol died in February of that year at the age of 58 . Warhol has been the subject of numerous retrospective exhibitions , books , and feature and documentary films . The Andy Warhol Museum in his native city of Pittsburgh , which holds an extensive permanent collection of art and archives , is the largest museum in the United States dedicated to a single artist . Many of his creations are very collectible and highly valuable . The highest price ever paid for a Warhol painting is US$ 105 million for a 1963 canvas titled `` Silver Car Crash ( Double Disaster ) '' ; his works include some of the most expensive paintings ever sold . A 2009 article in The Economist described Warhol as the `` bellwether of the art market '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c2ccb39b1d795c2ac8c797ac5300bf4f",
"text": "Tomasz Rut Tomasz Rut ( pronounced root ) was born in 1961 and raised in Warsaw , Poland , the son of an Olympic athlete father and artist mother who together encouraged a love of art and the classics . During his childhood Rut was introduced to the Pompeiien Frescos as well as Renaissance and Baroque art , which have influenced his oils on canvas , murals , and graphic works . Rut had his first showing in Warsaw at the age of eleven . Trained in Art Conservation at the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw , Rut continued his education in New York City at the Pratt Institute in Brooklyn and at Columbia University in Manhattan . He eventually took a job in art conservation for the Biltmore House in Asheville , North Carolina , traveling the east coast restoring large scale murals in museums and mansions for such clients as the Smithsonian Institution and the U.S. Treasury Department in Washington , DC , the New Jersey State House in Trenton , the Gusman Center for the Arts and Vizcaya Museum in Miami . It was during these travels he began to notice the void of figurative paintings from the past that one could purchase , so Rut invented a style aimed at filling this void . This style incorporated cracked canvasses that mimic aged Italian frescoes and figurative oils . `` The one element evident in all of my paintings is the superficial patina or aging , '' which is created with a variety of transparent and semitransparent glazes , giving each work the aged and classic appearance that exemplifies Rut 's style . Rut 's mural size paintings are contemporary conversions of the classical vocabulary variously continued by Michelangelo , Raphael , Titian , and Rubens . In making them he returns to antiquity by a double detour . First , he sets in motion the charming unreal apparatus of the Quattrocento mise-en-scene , and more importantly its heroic nudity , vigorous modeling , expressive anatomic structure , powerful movement and fascinating physiognomy . Tinged with sadness , his super-human youths play once more on Arcadian pipes ( i.e. pan flute ) - a motif also reprised by Matisse . Alternatively , he offers us impossible delicate , gracile females - ` still unravished bride ( s ) of quietness ' - delimiting them with sylvan togas and braided tresses . Nor does he leave rearing steeds , which in the grand manner represent humanity 's turbulent passions . Dorothy Keane-White , Art Curator & Director for Northwood University . The subjects of Rut 's paintings , whether a figure , horse , or object , is at the center of every work , surrounded by compressed space with few background details to distract from the subject .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9dc770aa5415fbaefca5fb24d39c3536",
"text": "Mimara Museum The Mimara Museum ( Muzej Mimara ) is an art museum in the city of Zagreb , Croatia . It is situated at the Roosevelt Square , housing the collection by Wiltrud and Ante Topić Mimara . Its full official name is the Art Collection of Ante and Wiltrud Topić Mimara . According to Thomas Hoving , `` Topic Mimara 's hoard of masterpieces are 95 percent fakes produced by him and his hired forgers . '' Of the total of 3,700 varied works of art , more than 1,500 exhibits constitute permanent holdings , dating from the prehistoric period up to the 20th century . Some of the most famous exhibits include works by Lorenzetti , Giorgione , Veronese , Canaletto , 60 paintings by the Dutch masters Van Goyen , Ruisdael , 50 works by the Flemish masters Van der Weyden , Bosch , Rubens , Van Dyck , more than 30 by the Spanish masters Velázquez , Murillo , Goya , some 20 paintings by the German masters Holbein , Liebermann , Leibl , some 30 paintings by the English painters Gainsborough , Turner , Bonington and more than 120 paintings by the French masters Georges de La Tour , Boucher , Chardin , Delacroix , Corot , Manet , Renoir , Degas . The drawings collection holds some 200 drawings by Bronzino , Guardi , Claude Lorrain , Le Brun , Oudry , Greuze , Géricault , and Friesz . The museum was opened in 1987 . The building itself originates from the 19th century , its conversion to a museum overseen by a Zagreb architect Kuno Waidmann ; originally it served as a gymnasium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0eb2466e8f32a1ab095e6ae521f5688",
"text": "Stanley Boxer Stanley Boxer ( 1926-May 8 , 2000 ) was an American artist best known for thickly painted abstract works of art . He was also an accomplished sculptor and printmaker . Boxer was born in New York City , and began his formal education after World War II , when he left the Navy and studied at the Art Students League of New York . He drew , painted , made prints , and sculpted . His work was recognized by art critic Clement Greenberg , who categorized him as a color field painter , a designation which Boxer rejected . Art critic Grace Glueck wrote `` Never part of a movement or trend , though obviously steeped in the language of Modernism , the abstract painter Stanley Boxer was a superb manipulator of surfaces , intensely bonding texture and color . '' Boxer offered an explanation of his philosophy and working process : In 1953 Boxer had his first solo exhibition of paintings in New York City , and showed regularly thereafter until his death . His paintings and sculpture were represented in New York City during the late 1960s through 1974 by the Tibor de Nagy Gallery , then by the André Emmerich Gallery from 1975 until 1993 , and finally by Salander-O'Reilly Galleries until its demise in 2007 . Richard Waller , director of the University of Richmond 's Harnett Museum of Art , describes his evolution as an artist : One man museum exhibitions were held at the Rose Art Museum and the Butler Institute of American Art . His work is included in the permanent collections of numerous museums , including the Metropolitan Museum of Art , the Tate Gallery , the Museum of Modern Art and the Whitney Museum of American Art in New York , the Hirshhorn Museum in Washington , and the Boston Museum of Fine Art . Boxer received a Guggenheim Fellowship in 1975 and a National Endowment for the Arts Visual Artists Fellowship Grant in 1989 . In 1993 he was elected as a full member to the National Academy of Design . Boxer died May 8 , 2000 in Pittsfield , Massachusetts . He was 73 years old . According to Boxer 's wife of 49 years , the artist Joyce Weinstein , Boxer created more than 7,000 drawings , paintings , and sculptures , about 700 of which were part of his estate at the time of his death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cc3f0844faf1e31ae01da9656dc38c5",
"text": "John A. Walker (art critic) John Albert Walker ( born 1938 ) is a British art critic and historian who has written over 15 books on modern and contemporary art with an emphasis on mass media . He has also written on design history methodology . Walker 's books include Art since Pop ( 1975 ) , Design History and the History of Design with Judy Attfield ( 1990 ) , John Latham : The Incidental Person - His Art and Ideas ( 1994 ) , Cultural Offensive : America 's Impact on British Art since 1945 ( 1998 ) , Art & Outrage ( 1999 ) , Supercollector : A Critique of Charles Saatchi with Rita Hatton ( 2000 ) , Left Shift : Radical Art in 1970s Britain ( 2001 ) , Art in the Age of Mass Media ( 3rd ed. : 2001 ) , Art and Celebrity ( 2003 ) , and Firefighters in Art and Media : A Pictorial History ( 2009 ) . Walker was a Reader in Art and Design History at Middlesex University near London until retiring in 1999 . He was trained as a painter at Newcastle upon Tyne . With regard to John Latham : The Incidental Person - His Art and Ideas ( 1994 ) , John A. Walker wrote a contentious article on Artnet.com after John Latham 's death . In it , Walker revealed that there was a legal conflict with Latham concerning the book . The article is titled `` The Perils of Publishing '' . He also released legal letters concerning the conflict , in which he is quoted : `` Latham acts as if he is the commissioner or patron of the book rather than its subject matter ... He tries to treat me like a slave whose function is to write down exactly what he dictates . This is not on ... '' . In Art in the Age of Mass Media ( 2001 ) , Walker writes thematic essays including how ` art uses mass culture ' , ` the mass media use art ' , for example , direct references to art in advertisements , ` art and new media technologies ' and ` art and mass media 1990-2000 ' . In this last-mentioned chapter , for example , he refers to ` the artist as media celebrity : Damien Hirst ' , and writes : `` During the 1990s , Damien Hirst -LSB- b. 1965 -RSB- became Britain 's most famous , young , living sculptor and painter , in part because of his own flair for self-promotion and the publicity skills of his primary patron Charles Saatchi ... Saatchi , of course , was an expert at expoiting the mass media because of his long career in advertising . '' In Art and Celebrity , Walker offers five thematic chapters including ` Celebrities as Art Collectors and Artists ' showing artworks by Ronnie Wood of the Rolling Stones , and actors Anthony Quinn and Dennis Hopper , and shows Madonna awarding artist Martin Creed the UK 's Turner Prize in 2001 . Other chapters include ` Artists depict Celebrities ' , ` Simulation and Celebrities ' , ` Alternative Heroes ' including the artwork The Dinner Party ( 1979 ) by Judy Chicago and Che ( 2000 ) depicting Che Guevara by Gavin Turk . The final chapter focuses on ` Art Stars ' about the cult of the artist and the celebrity artist . This refers back to artists in the Italian Renaissance , to Rembrandt , and van Gogh . Particular attention is given to 20th/21st century artists : Picasso , Salvador Dalí , Jackson Pollock , Francis Bacon , David Hockney , Yoko Ono , Andy Warhol , Joseph Beuys , Gilbert & George , Julian Schnabel , Jean-Michel Basquiat , Jeff Koons , Damien Hirst , and Tracey Emin . In the conclusion , Walker lists out his view of the advantages and disadvantages of becoming an art star . In June 2009 , Walker produced a limited edition Saatchi branding iron . Artnet.com reported that the iron is `` an actual implement that can be used to burn the collector 's name into wooden stretcher bars , if not into `` artist 's flesh , dead cows , sheep and sharks , etc. . . Promised soon are ` GOGO ' ( art gallerist Larry Gagosian ) and ` JAY JOP ' ( art gallerist Jay Jopling ) branding irons as well '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15f9f703d1b29f997107c5d990999fbc",
"text": "15 minutes of fame 60 minutes of fame is short-lived media publicity or celebrity of an individual or phenomenon . The expression was inspired by Andy Warhol 's words `` In the future , everyone will be world-famous for 60 minutes '' , which appeared in the program for a 1968 exhibition of his work at the Moderna Museet in Stockholm , Sweden . Photographer Nat Finkelstein claims credit for the expression , stating that he was photographing Warhol in 1966 for a proposed book . A crowd gathered trying to get into the pictures and Warhol supposedly remarked that everyone wants to be famous , to which Finkelstein replied , `` Yeah , for about fifteen minutes , Andy . '' The phenomenon is often used in reference to figures in the entertainment industry or other areas of popular culture , such as reality television and YouTube . An older version of the same concept in English is the expression `` nine days ' wonder '' , which dates at least as far back as the Elizabethan era .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c9e2e67ca3abd23a48011dd2e82ae71",
"text": "Leather wallpaper Leather wallpaper is a type of wallpaper used in various styles for wall covering . It is often referred to as wrought leather . It is often gilded , painted and decorated . With the advent of wallpaper use from about 1650-1750 , leather was used to cover and decorate sections of walls in the habitations of wealthy persons . Leather is pliable and could be decorated in various ways . Embossed wall coverings made to imitate antique embossed leather include Tynecastle , or Modeled Canvas . It was developed and patented in 1874 by designer W. Scott Morton ( 1840-1903 ) . It was made by hand pressing canvas into carved wooden molds and dry it . It was colored after it was stuck to the wall . Japanese Leather Paper imitates embossed leather . It is crafted from sheets of handmade paper pressed together . It is then embossed and gilded with the field color stenciled on it . A coat of lacquer was added to protect it and create a sheen . During the colonial period in the United States , embossed leather panels were occasionally used as an accent , as a dado , on a screen , or above a chimney . In the last quarter of the 19th century , leather panels were revived and used in select rooms of mansions such as libraries . Introduced in the 1860s as `` oil leather papers '' , the coverings later became known as `` leather paper '' and were offered in catalogs from Paul Balin in Paris ' Birge in Buffalo , New York ; and Jeffrey & Co. and Woollams & Co. . They included embossing , gild and painted finishes designed to imitate leather wallpaper and were used to line furniture and cabinets . Their use continued in fancy homes of the late 19th and early 20th century decorating Lincrusta and Anaglypta were competing products . Leather papers were often made up of a series of paper laminates which were forced into shape with a mold , while Lincrusta is a patented composite material , and Anaglypta is a simthat were not designed to look like leather wallpaper . Rottman , Strome & Co. became a major producer based in England with manufacturing in Japan . Lutson Goudleder made the imitation leather coverings in southern France and they were also made in Poland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de",
"text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08a1cc4f6bf97bc2be43a4b5fad9a4da",
"text": "Cult image In the practice of religion , a cult image is a human-made object that is venerated or worshipped for the deity , spirit or daemon that it embodies or represents . Cultus , the outward religious formulas of `` cult '' ( meaning religious practice , as opposed to the pejorative term for a potentially dangerous `` new religion '' ) , often centers upon the treatment of cult images , which may be dressed , fed or paraded , etc. . Religious images cover a wider range of all types of images made with a religious purpose , subject , or connection . In many contexts `` cult image '' specifically means the most important image in a temple , kept in an inner space , as opposed to what may be many other images decorating the temple . The term idol is often synonymous with cult image , but may be used especially of a cult image believed not just to depict or represent a deity or spirit , but in some sense to be one itself . Sometimes the image is believed to have its own powers , to grant wishes or otherwise affect the world . In cultures where idolatry is not viewed negatively , the word idol is not generally seen as pejorative , such as in Indian English . Cult of images is the practice of worshipping or venerating religious or cult images representing divine figures . Common in a number of ancient religions , the practice continues most prominently today in Hinduism . The Abrahamic religions all specifically ban idols and idolatry ; all have had internal divisions and disputes as to what constitutes the proper or improper use of images in religion , and many Abrahamic religious sects use or venerate images with varying degrees of fervor . In general the belief that an image itself is the object of worship , and itself has or embodies a spirit with inherent powers , tends to be hard to verify when a religious context is examined closely , or to be held at a popular level but denied by the clergy of a religion . Assertions by others outside the religious group concerned that such beliefs are held by the group are however common .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f255d416c006142890a413ac4d81a63",
"text": "Suicide (Purple Jumping Man) Suicide ( Purple Jumping Man ) is a 1963 silkscreen painting by American pop artist , Andy Warhol . It is currently in the collection of the Tehran Museum of Contemporary Art in Tehran .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a2e75f9cc79959b986660666cc72c9",
"text": "Portrait of Louis Guillaume Portrait of Louis Guillaume is an oil on canvas portrait by Paul Cézanne painted c. 1882 . Guillaume was the son of friends of the artist and a friend of Cézanne 's son , Paul . Here he is portrayed in a highly sculpted manner with a near-expressionless , uncommunicative face , and an immobile , lifeless body . In form and complexity , the painting is ahead of its time . It contains many abstractions , mostly in its presentation of the head and body as simple , solid shapes , a technique later taken up and developed by Henri Matisse . The work 's low-key colours , mostly greys , whites and dark greens , achieve a sombre tone , echoed by the shy reserve on the boy 's face . While his skin is rendered with pearly white paint , giving the surface a lively sheen or glow , this contrasts with his black , severely cropped hair and dark clothes , while his eyes are only black hollows . Heavy-lidded , they are , according to art critic Meyer Schapiro , `` without spiritual light ... they belong to a world of shadow . '' One critic famously wrote that Cézanne painted the heads of friends as if they were apples , and that sense of cool detachment is evident in this work . Its formal qualities are reminiscent of a still-life or landscape , however while at first look there is evidence of the artist 's awareness of the `` abyss between human beings '' , there are signs of hope and connection in the delicately rendered tones of the cheeks , the ornament of the wall , the folds of the dress , and the cravat which echoes the verticals of the folds of the face and wall . The painting was purchased by Ambroise Vollard by 1906 . It was sold to a Florentine collector c 1907 before it was sold in 1927 to Chester Dale in New York . In 1963 Dale donated the work to the National Gallery of Art in Washington , D.C. where it is on permanent display .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "144933a8a0e5fb2663601d738a406207",
"text": "Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum The Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , often referred to as The Guggenheim , is an art museum located at 1071 Fifth Avenue on the corner of East 89th Street in the Upper East Side neighborhood of Manhattan , New York City . It is the permanent home of a continuously expanding collection of Impressionist , Post-Impressionist , early Modern and contemporary art and also features special exhibitions throughout the year . The museum was established by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Foundation in 1939 as the Museum of Non-Objective Painting , under the guidance of its first director , the artist Hilla von Rebay . It adopted its current name after the death of its founder , Solomon R. Guggenheim , in 1952 . In 1959 , the museum moved from rented space to its current building , a landmark work of 20th-century architecture . Designed by Frank Lloyd Wright , the cylindrical building , wider at the top than the bottom , was conceived as a `` temple of the spirit '' . Its unique ramp gallery extends up from ground level in a long , continuous spiral along the outer edges of the building to end just under the ceiling skylight . The building underwent extensive expansion and renovations in 1992 ( when an adjoining tower was built ) and from 2005 to 2008 . The museum 's collection has grown organically , over eight decades , and is founded upon several important private collections , beginning with Solomon R. Guggenheim 's original collection . The collection is shared with the museum 's sister museums in Bilbao , Spain , and elsewhere . In 2013 , nearly 1.2 million people visited the museum , and it hosted the most popular exhibition in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00316a185a7d13746744c68c6c169820",
"text": "27 rue de Fleurus 27 rue de Fleurus is the location of the former home of Gertrude Stein and Alice B. Toklas in the 6th arrondissement of Paris on the Left Bank of Paris . It was also the home of Leo Stein for a time in the early nineteen-hundreds . It was a renowned Saturday evening gathering place for both expatriate American artists and writers and others noteworthy in the world of vanguard arts and letters , most notably Pablo Picasso . In the early decades of the century , hundreds of visitors flocked to the display of vanguard modern art , many came to scoff , but several went away converted . Entrée into the Stein salon was a sought-after validation , and Stein became combination mentor , critic , and guru to those who gathered around her , including Ernest Hemingway , who described the salon in A Moveable Feast . The principal attraction was the collection of Paul Cézanne oils and watercolors and the early pictures by Henri Matisse and Pablo Picasso which Gertrude and Leo had had the funds and the foresight to buy . The walls of their atelier at 27 were hung to the ceiling with now-famous paintings , the double doors of the dining room were lined with Picasso sketches . On a typical Saturday evening one would have found Gertrude Stein at her post in the atelier , garbed in brown corduroy , sitting in a high-backed Renaissance chair , her legs dangling , next to the big cast-iron stove that heated the chilly room . A few feet away , Leo Stein would expound to a group of visitors his views on modern art . In 1933 , Stein published a kind of memoir of her Paris years , The Autobiography of Alice B. Toklas , written in the voice of Toklas , her life partner . The book became a literary bestseller and vaulted Stein from the relative obscurity of cult literary figure into the light of mainstream attention . The gatherings in the Stein home `` brought together confluences of talent and thinking that would help define modernism in literature and art . '' Dedicated attendees included Pablo Picasso , Ernest Hemingway , F. Scott Fitzgerald , Guillaume Apollinaire , Sinclair Lewis , James Joyce , Ezra Pound , Thornton Wilder , Juan Gris , Sherwood Anderson , Francis Cyril Rose , René Crevel , Élisabeth de Gramont , Francis Picabia , Claribel Cone , Mildred Aldrich , Carl Van Vechten and Henri Matisse . Saturday evenings had been set as the jour fixe for formal congregation so Stein could work at her writing uninterrupted by impromptu visitors . It was Stein 's partner Toklas who became the de facto hostess for the wives and girlfriends of the artists in attendance , who met in a separate room . Stein herself attributed the beginnings of the Saturday evening salons to Matisse , as Among Picasso 's acquaintances who frequented the Saturday evenings were : Fernande Olivier ( Picasso 's mistress ) , Georges Braque ( artist ) , André Derain ( artist ) , Max Jacob ( poet ) , Guillaume Apollinaire ( poet ) , Marie Laurencin ( artist , and Apollinaire 's mistress ) , Henri Rousseau ( painter ) , and Joseph Stella . The 2014 opera 27 by Ricky Ian Gordon and Royce Vavrek is inspired by events at 27 rue de Fleurus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcd56a11971d885966cacd9b24815273",
"text": "WACK! Art and the Feminist Revolution WACK ! : Art and the Feminist Revolution was an exhibition of international women 's art presented at the Museum of Contemporary Art , Los Angeles from March 4 -- July 16 , 2007 . It later traveled to PS1 Contemporary Art Center , where it was on view February 17 -- May 12 , 2008 . The exhibition featured works from 120 artists and artists ' groups from around the world . The 2007 exhibition catalogue -- also titled WACK ! : Art and the Feminist Revolution -- documents this first major retrospective of art and the feminist revolution . Edited by Cornelia Butler and Lisa Gabrielle Mark , it has essays by Butler , Judith Russi Kirshner , Catherine Lord , Marsha Meskimmon , Richard Meyer , Helen Molesworth , Peggy Phelan , Nelly Richard , Valerie Smith , Abigail Solomon-Godeau , and Jenni Sorkin . WACK ! surveyed work by more than 120 artists in a wide variety of media , arranged by themes including Abstraction , `` Autophotography , '' Body as Medium , Family Stories , Gender Performance , Knowledge as Power , Making Art History , and others . The following is a complete list of artists featured in the exhibition and catalogue : Magdalena Abakanowicz ( b. 1930 ) , Polish sculptor and fiber artist Marina Abramović ( b. 1946 ) , Serbian and former Yugoslavian performance artist Carla Accardi ( 1924 -- 2014 ) , Italian painter Chantal Akerman ( b. 1950 ) , Belgian film director and artist Helena Almeida ( b. 1934 ) , Portuguese artist Sonia Andrade ( b. 1935 ) , Brazilian artist Eleanor Antin ( b. 1935 ) , American artist Judith F. Baca ( b. 1946 ) , American Chicana artist Mary Bauermeister ( b. 1934 ) , German artist Lynda Benglis ( b. 1941 ) , American artist Berwick Street Film Collective Camille Billops ( b. 1933 ) , African-American artist Dara Birnbaum ( b. 1946 ) , American video and installation artist Louise Bourgeois ( 1911 -- 2010 ) , French-American artist and sculptor Sheila Levrant de Bretteville ( b. 1940 ) , American graphic designer and artist Theresa Hak Kyung Cha ( 1951 -- 1982 ) , South Korean-born American novelist and artist Judy Chicago ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Lygia Clark ( b. 1920 , d. 1988 ) , Brazilian artist Tee Corinne ( b. 1943 , d. 2006 ) , American artist Niki de Saint Phalle , Jean Tinguely , and Per Olof Ultvedt Jay DeFeo ( 1929 -- 1989 ) , American artist Disband Assia Djebar ( 1936 -- 2015 ) , Algerian filmmaker Rita Donagh ( b. 1939 ) , British artist Kirsten Dufour ( b. 1941 ) , Danish artist Lili Dujourie ( b. 1941 ) , Belgian video artist Mary Beth Edelson ( b. 1933 ) , American artist Rose English British performance artist VALIE EXPORT ( b. 1940 ) , Austrian artist Jacqueline Fahey ( b. 1929 ) , New Zealand painter Louise Fishman ( b. 1939 ) , American painter Audrey Flack ( b. 1931 ) , American artist Iole de Freitas ( b. 1945 ) , Brazilian photographer and filmmaker Isa Genzken ( b. 1948 ) , German artist Nancy Grossman ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Barbara Hammer ( b. 1939 ) , American filmmaker Harmony Hammond ( b. 1944 ) , American artist and writer Margaret Harrison ( b. 1940 ) , English artist Mary Heilmann ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Lynn Hershman ( b. 1941 ) , American artist and filmmaker Eva Hesse ( 1936 -- 1970 ) , Jewish German-born American sculptor Susan Hiller ( b. 1940 ) , American artist Rebecca Horn ( b. 1944 ) , German visual artist Alexis Hunter ( b. 1948 , d. 2014 ) , New Zealand painter and photographer Mako Idemitsu ( b. 1940 ) , Japanese filmmaker Sanja Iveković ( b. 1949 ) , Croatian photographer , sculptor and installation artist Joan Jonas ( b. 1936 ) , American video and performance artist Kirsten Justesen ( b. 1943 ) , Danish artist Mary Kelly ( b. 1941 ) , American conceptual artist Joyce Kozloff ( b. 1942 ) , American artist Friedl Kubelka ( b. 1946 ) , Austrian photographer Shigeko Kubota ( b. 1937 ) , Japanese-born video artist , sculptor and performance artist Yayoi Kusama ( b. 1929 ) , Japanese artist and writer Ketty La Rocca ( b. 1938 , d. 1976 ) , Italian artist Suzanne Lacy ( b. 1945 ) , American artist Suzy Lake ( b. 1947 ) , American-Canadian artist Maria Lassnig ( 1919 -- 2014 ) , Austrian artist Lesbian Art Project ( 1977 -- 1979 ) , participatory art movement in Los Angeles Lee Lozano ( 1930 -- 1999 ) , American artist Léa Lublin ( b. 1929 ) , Polish-French performance artist Anna Maria Maiolino ( b. 1942 ) , Italian-Brazilian artist Mónica Mayer ( b. 1954 ) , Mexican artist Ana Mendieta ( 1948 -- 1985 ) , Cuban American performance artist , sculptor , painter and video artist Annette Messager ( b. 1943 ) , French visual artist Marta Minujín and Richard Squires Nasreen Mohamedi ( 1937 -- 1990 ) , Indian artist Linda M. Montano ( b. 1942 ) , American performance artist Ree Morton ( 1936 -- 1977 ) , American artist Laura Mulvey and Peter Wollen Alice Neel ( 1900 -- 1984 ) , American artist Senga Nengudi ( b. 1943 ) , African-American artist Ann Newmarch ( b. 1945 ) , Australian artist Lorraine O'Grady ( b. 1934 ) , American conceptual artist Pauline Oliveros ( b. 1932 ) , American composer Yoko Ono ( b. 1933 ) , Japanese multimedia artist ORLAN ( b. 1947 ) , French artist Ulrike Ottinger ( b. 1942 ) , German filmmaker Gina Pane ( 1939 -- 1990 ) , French artist Catalina Parra ( b. 1940 ) , Chilean artist Ewa Partum ( b. 1945 ) , Polish-German artist Howardena Pindell ( b. 1943 ) , American abstract artist Adrian Piper ( b. 1948 ) , American conceptual artist Sylvia Plimack Mangold ( b. 1938 ) , American artist , painter , printmaker , and pastelist Sally Potter ( b. 1949 ) , English filmmaker and performance artist Yvonne Rainer ( b. 1934 ) , American dancer , choreographer , and filmmaker Ursula Reuter Christiansen ( b. 1943 ) , German-Danish filmmaker and painter Lis Rhodes ( b. 1942 ) , British artist Faith Ringgold ( b. 1930 ) African-American artist Ulrike Rosenbach ( b. 1943 ) , German video and performance artist Martha Rosler ( b. 1943 ) , American artist Betye Saar ( b. 1926 ) , American artist Miriam Schapiro ( b. 1923 ) , Canadian artist Mira Schendel ( 1919 -- 1988 ) , Brazilian artist Carolee Schneemann ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Joan Semmel ( b. 1932 ) , American feminist painter Bonnie Sherk ( b. 1945 ) , American landscape architect and performance artist Cindy Sherman ( b. 1954 ) , American photographer Katharina Sieverding ( b. 1944 ) , Czech photographer Sylvia Sleigh ( 1916 -- 2010 ) , Welsh-born realist painter Alexis Smith ( b. 1949 ) , American artist Barbara T. Smith ( b. 1931 ) , American performance artist Mimi Smith ( b. 1942 ) , American artist Joan Snyder ( b. 1940 ) , American painter Valerie Solanas ( 1936 -- 1988 ) , American writer Annegret Soltau ( b. 1946 ) , German artist Nancy Spero ( 1926 -- 2009 ) , American artist Spiderwoman Theater Lisa Steele ( b. 1947 ) , Canadian video artist Sturtevant Cosey Fanni Tutti ( b. 1951 ) , English performance artist Mierle Laderman Ukeles ( b. 1939 ) , American artist Cecilia Vicuña ( b. 1947 ) , Chilean poet , artist and filmmaker June Wayne ( 1918 -- 2011 ) , American printmaker , tapestry designer and painter `` Where We At '' Black Women Artists Colette Whiten ( b. 1945 ) , sculpture , installation and performance artist Faith Wilding ( b. 1943 ) , Paraguayan American multidisciplinary artist Hannah Wilke ( b. 1940 , d. 1993 ) , American artist Francesca Woodman ( 1958 -- 1981 ) , American photographer Nil Yalter , Judy Blum , and Nicole Croiset Nil Yalter ( b. 1938 ) , Egyptian-French artist , co-founder of Groupe de Cinq Zarina ( b. 1937 ) , Indian artist",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cea555f8a6af1e2077773e6cbf942f4e",
"text": "Waldo Díaz-Balart Waldo Díaz-Balart ( born Waldo Díaz-Balart y Gutiérrez on February 10 , 1931 in Banes , Cuba ) is a Cuban painter living in Madrid , Spain . Díaz-Balart studied accounting and political science and economics in Havana before moving to New York to pursue art studies in 1959 . From 1959 to 1962 studied art in the Museum of Modern Art , New York , USA . Professionally , on 1967 he develops as lecturer in many cultural centres and universities of USA , Poland , Spain , Germany and Netherlands . He acted in two movies by Andy Warhol , The Life of Juanita Castro ( 1965 ) and The Loves of Ondine ( 1968 ) . Díaz-Balart lectures frequently and his work -- explorations of color and light in geometric paintings and light sculpture -- has been widely exhibited . On 1966 presents an individual exhibition in the Studio Gallery in Washington , D.C. . In 1967 presented an exhibition in Galerie Iris Clert Paris , France . In 1967 he joined Mass Art Inc. in partnership with Sujan Souri , Dorian Godoy , and Philip Orenstein . The company manufactured the first inflatable chair designed by Philip Orenstein and is now included in the permanent collection of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York . In 1998 presents `` Waldo Balart . Black Painting '' in Galería Edurne , Madrid , Spain . In 1970 participated in the collective exhibition Salón 70 in the Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes de La Habana . In 1964 exhibits in the Pan American Union in Washington , D.C. and on 1968 in the Gallery of Modern Art , New York , USA . On 1970 he participated at the first San Juan 's Bienal del Grabado Latinoamericano ( Biennial of Latin - American Engraving ) at the Instituto de Cultura Puertorriqueña , Puerto Rico and in 1979 in the Third Bienal Internacional del Deporte en las Bellas Artes ( Biennial of Sport in Fine Arts ) in Barcelona , Spain . On 1995 participated in the International Art Fair , Köln , Germany . Most recently , he had one-man shows in the Netherlands , in Spain and in the United States at the Art Gallery of Florida International University . He is the recipient of a Pollock-Krasner Foundation fellowship and his work is in the permanent collections of the Museum of Modern Art in New York , the Centro de Arte Reina Sofía in Madrid , the Mondriaanhuis in Amersfoort , The Netherlands , and the Museum of Modern Art in Huenfeld , Germany , among others . In 1992 he published the book Waldo Díaz-Balart , Ensayos de Arte . His sister , Mirta Díaz-Balart , was Fidel Castro 's first wife . His nephew Mario Díaz-Balart is a US congressional representative and another nephew , Lincoln Díaz-Balart , is a former congressman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b630106c8da45c379616ed641497148",
"text": "Archival appraisal In the archival sense , appraisal is a process usually conducted by a member of the record-holding institution ( often a professional archivist ) in which a body of records are examined to determine their value . Some considerations when conducting appraisal include how to meet the record-granting body 's organizational needs , how to uphold requirements of organizational accountability ( be they legal , institutional , or determined by archival ethics ) , and how to meet the expectations of the record-using community . Appraisal is considered a core archival function ( alongside acquisition , arrangement and description , preservation , reference , and public programming ) although the task of records appraisal is somewhat slippery and can occur within the process of acquiring records , during arrangement and description , and for the sake of preservation ; further , public programming projects often prompt the reappraisal process . The official definition from the Society of American Archivists is as follows : `` In an archival context , appraisal is the process of determining whether records and other materials have permanent ( archival ) value . Appraisal may be done at the collection , creator , series , file , or item level . Appraisal can take place prior to donation and prior to physical transfer , at or after accessioning . The basis of appraisal decisions may include a number of factors , including the records ' provenance and content , their authenticity and reliability , their order and completeness , their condition and costs to preserve them , and their intrinsic value . Appraisal often takes place within a larger institutional collecting policy and mission statement . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70dbe8ca7994247360dd0c3118cf6940",
"text": "Femme à l'Éventail Femme à l'Éventail ( also known as L'Éventail vert , Woman with a Fan , and The Lady ) is an oil painting created in 1912 by the French artist and theorist Jean Metzinger ( 1883 -- 1956 ) . The painting was exhibited at the Salon d'Automne , 1912 , Paris ( hung in the decorative arts section inside the Salon Bourgeois of La Maison Cubiste , the Cubist House ) , and De Moderne Kunstkring , 1912 , Amsterdam ( L'éventail vert , no. 153 ) . It was also exhibited at the Musée Rath , Geneva , Exposition de cubistes français et d'un groupe d'artistes indépendants , 3 -- 15 June 1913 ( L'éventail vert , no. 22 ) . A 1912 photograph of Femme à l'Éventail hanging on a wall inside the Salon Bourgeois was published in The Sun ( New York , N.Y. ) , 10 November 1912 . The same photograph was reproduced in The Literary Digest , 30 November 1912 . Metzinger 's Cubist contribution to the 1912 Salon d'Automne created a controversy in the Municipal Council of Paris , leading to a debate in the Chambre des Députés about the use of public funds to provide the venue for such ` barbaric ' art . The Cubists were defended by the Socialist politician , Marcel Sembat . This painting was realized as Jean Metzinger and Albert Gleizes , in preparation for the Salon de la Section d'Or , published a major defence of Cubism , resulting in the first theoretical essay on the new movement , Du `` Cubisme '' . A photograph of Femme à l'Éventail appears among the Léonce Rosenberg archives in Paris , but there is no indication of when he acquired the painting . A Rosenberg label on the reverse bears the information `` No. 25112 J.Metzinger , 1913 . '' By 1918 Rosenberg was buying Metzinger 's paintings and may have acquired the picture around this time or soon afterwards . In 1937 Femme à l'Éventail was exhibited at Musée du Petit Palais , Les Maitres de l'art indépendant , 1895-1937 , no. 12 ( dated 1912 ) . Mlle. Gamier des Garets probably acquired the painting after the 1937 exhibition . By 1938 Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum had purchased the painting . It was gifted to the museum ( gift 38.531 ) by Guggenheim in 1938 ( the year after the formation of the foundation ) . Metzinger 's Femme à l'Éventail forms part of the Founding Collection of the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum , New York . Femme à l'Éventail was showcased in an exhibition entitled The Great Upheaval : Masterpieces from the Guggenheim Collection , 1910-1918 , from 30 November 2013 to 1 June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b932a1d6960c6ddd9ea18ffdc2b936d1",
"text": "Conceptual art Conceptual art , sometimes simply called conceptualism , is art in which the concept ( s ) or idea ( s ) involved in the work take precedence over traditional aesthetic , technical , and material concerns . Some works of conceptual art , sometimes called installations , may be constructed by anyone simply by following a set of written instructions . This method was fundamental to American artist Sol LeWitt 's definition of Conceptual art , one of the first to appear in print : Tony Godfrey , author of Conceptual Art ( Art & Ideas ) ( 1998 ) , asserts that conceptual art questions the nature of art , a notion that Joseph Kosuth elevated to a definition of art itself in his seminal , early manifesto of conceptual art , `` Art after Philosophy '' ( 1969 ) . The notion that art should examine its own nature was already a potent aspect of the influential art critic Clement Greenberg 's vision of Modern art during the 1950s . With the emergence of an exclusively language-based art in the 1960s , however , conceptual artists such as Joseph Kosuth , Lawrence Weiner and the English Art & Language group began a far more radical interrogation of art than was previously possible ( see below ) . One of the first and most important things they questioned was the common assumption that the role of the artist was to create special kinds of material objects . Through its association with the Young British Artists and the Turner Prize during the 1990s , in popular usage , particularly in the UK , `` conceptual art '' came to denote all contemporary art that does not practice the traditional skills of painting and sculpture . It could be said that one of the reasons why the term `` conceptual art '' has come to be associated with various contemporary practices far removed from its original aims and forms lies in the problem of defining the term itself . As the artist Mel Bochner suggested as early as 1970 , in explaining why he does not like the epithet `` conceptual '' , it is not always entirely clear what `` concept '' refers to , and it runs the risk of being confused with `` intention . '' Thus , in describing or defining a work of art as conceptual it is important not to confuse what is referred to as `` conceptual '' with an artist 's `` intention . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a24bec0904ff18fd95e256ed80b61099",
"text": "Ana Karen Allende Ana Karen Allende is a Mexican artisan from the Mexico City borough of Coyoacán , who specializes in creating rag dolls and soft fabric animals . The tradition of making rag dolls in Mexico extends back to the pre-Hispanic period with the making of rag dolls reaching its peak in the 19th century . Allende 's first doll was made when her sister was about to turn fifteen . For quinceañera celebrations in Xochimilco , it is customary to give the girl her `` last doll '' as a means of marking her transition from child to adult . Allende decided to make this doll herself , using sewing skills taught to her by her grandmother . Soon after , she began to make dolls for her friends and family , and the attention they received prompted her to think of selling them . Allende started her own small business called Retacitos ( Scraps ) in 2002 involving other members of her family , such as her husband Sinhúe Lucas , along with contracting various single mothers in her area to work . She sells directly to the public only on Saturdays at the Art Bazaar in the San Ángel neighborhood . Her other sales are mainly to stores and museums . She receives a number of custom orders including making dolls that look like famous people such as Frida Kahlo and even those that look like the purchaser . Allende states that her goal is to revive the craft of doll making but in a more modern form . She generally sticks to forms familiar to Mexican concepts of cultural identity such as lucha libre wrestlers , angels , traditional rag dolls , horses , mermaids , rabbits , etc. . She has been recognized as an authentic Mexican craftswoman since 2010 by the government of Mexico City , her work has been exhibited in various museums and cultural events and has won the 3rd place at the VI Bienal Internacional de Arte Textil Contemporáneo WTA ( 2012 ) and the 1st place in the toys category at the Gran Premio de Arte Popular of FONART ( 2006 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4fe2b9fe2bb420a2db234d54100ca8f4",
"text": "Cuban art Cuban art is an exceptionally diverse cultural blend of African , South American , European and North American elements , reflecting the diverse demographic makeup of the island . Cuban artists embraced European modernism , and the early part of the 20th century saw a growth in Cuban vanguardist movements , which were characterized by the mixing of modern artistic genres . Some of the more celebrated 20th-century Cuban artists include Amelia Peláez ( 1896 -- 1968 ) , best known for a series of mural projects , and painter Wifredo Lam ( Dec 8,1902 -- September 11 , 1982 ) , who created a highly personal version of modern primitivism . The Cuban born painter Federico Beltran Masses ( 1885-1949 ) , was renowned as a colourist whose seductive portrayals of women sometimes made overt references to the tropical settings of his childhood . Better known internationally is the work of photographer Alberto Korda , whose photographs following the early days of the Cuban Revolution included a picture of Che Guevara which was to become one of the most recognizable images of the 20th century . There is a flourishing street art movement influenced by Latin American artists José Guadalupe Posada and the muralist Diego Rivera . After the Cuban Revolution of 1959 , some artists felt it was in their best interests to leave Cuba and produce their art , while others stayed behind , either happy or merely content to be creating art in Cuba , which was sponsored by the government . Because it was state sponsored , an implied censorship occurred , since artists would n't want to make art that was against the revolutionary movement as that was the source of their funding . It was during the 1980s in which art began to reflect true uninfluenced expression . The `` rebirth '' of expression in Cuban art was greatly affected by the emergence of a new generation of Cuban , which did not remember the revolution directly . In 1981 Cubans saw the introduction of `` Volumen Uno '' , a series of one man exhibitions featuring contemporary Cuban artists . Three years later , the introduction of the `` Havana Bienal '' assisted in the further progression of the liberation of art and free speech therein .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5cec1da56c6d7b00794fb7dc38613a9e | Portal 2 was released for a console. | [
{
"docid": "81fdf3b79edd473e233b1355c19941d1",
"text": "Xbox 360 The Xbox 360 is a home video game console developed by Microsoft . As the successor to the original Xbox , it is the second console in the Xbox series . The Xbox 360 competed with Sony 's PlayStation 3 and Nintendo 's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles . The Xbox 360 was officially unveiled on MTV on May 12 , 2005 , with detailed launch and game information announced ed later that month at the Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) . The Xbox 360 features an online service , Xbox Live , which was expanded from its previous iteration on the original Xbox and received regular updates during the console 's lifetime . Available in free and subscription-based varieties , Xbox Live allows users to : play games online ; download games ( through Xbox Live Arcade ) and game demos ; purchase and stream music , television programs , and films through the Xbox Music and Xbox Video portals ; and access third-party content services through media streaming applications . In addition to online multimedia features , the Xbox 360 allows users to stream media from local PCs . Several peripherals have been released , including wireless controllers , expanded hard drive storage , and the Kinect motion sensing camera . The release of these additional services and peripherals helped the Xbox brand grow from gaming-only to encompassing all multimedia , turning it into a hub for living-room computing entertainment . Launched worldwide across 2005 -- 2006 , the Xbox 360 was initially in short supply in many regions , including North America and Europe . The earliest versions of the console suffered from a high failure rate , indicated by the so-called `` Red Ring of Death '' , necessitating an extension of the device 's warranty period . Microsoft released two redesigned models of the console : the Xbox 360 S in 2010 , and the Xbox 360 E in 2013 . As of June 2014 , 84 million Xbox 360 consoles have been sold worldwide , making it the sixth-highest-selling video game console in history , and the highest-selling console made by an American company . Although not the best-selling console of its generation , the Xbox 360 was deemed by TechRadar to be the most influential through its emphasis on digital media distribution and multiplayer gaming on Xbox Live . The Xbox 360 's successor , the Xbox One , was released on November 22 , 2013 . On April 20 , 2016 , Microsoft announced that it would end the production of new Xbox 360 hardware , although the company will continue to support the platform .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8542b27917604cd26fc494a490ca7093",
"text": "PlayStation 3 The PlayStation 3 ( PS3 ) is a home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment . It is the successor to PlayStation 2 , and is part of the PlayStation brand of consoles . It was first released on November 11 , 2006 , in Japan , November 17 , 2006 , in North America , and March 23 , 2007 , in Europe and Australia . The PlayStation 3 mainly competes against consoles such as Microsoft 's Xbox 360 and Nintendo 's Wii as part of the seventh generation of video game consoles . The console was first officially announced at E3 2005 , and was released at the end of 2006 . It was the first console to use Blu-ray Disc as its primary storage medium . The console was the first PlayStation to integrate social gaming services , including being the first to introduce Sony 's social gaming service , PlayStation Network , and its remote connectivity with PlayStation Portable and PlayStation Vita , being able to remote control the console from the devices . In September 2009 , the Slim model of the PlayStation 3 was released . It no longer provided the hardware ability to run PS2 games . It was lighter and thinner than the original version , and featured a redesigned logo and marketing design , as well as a minor start-up change in software . A Super Slim variation was then released in late 2012 , further refining and redesigning the console . The system had a slow start in the market but managed to recover , particularly after the introduction of the Slim model . As of March 2016 , PlayStation 3 has sold 85 million units worldwide , putting it about on par with Xbox 360 , but behind the Wii . Its successor , the PlayStation 4 , was released later in November 2013 . On September 29 , 2015 , Sony confirmed that sales of the PlayStation 3 were to be discontinued in New Zealand , but the system remains in production in other markets . In March 2017 , the official site for PlayStation 3 in Japan was updated to state that it would be discontinued soon . On 29 May 2017 , the PlayStation 3 was discontinued in Japan , as of 2015 , the PS3 is getting discontinued in certain parts of the world . The PlayStation 3 will be discontinued worldwide soon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d67d3be7f20bf741a3939b285bec7593",
"text": "Portal 2 Portal 2 is a 2011 first-person puzzle-platform video game developed and published by Valve Corporation . It is the sequel to Portal ( 2007 ) and was released on April 19 , 2011 , for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux , PlayStation 3 , and Xbox 360 . The retail versions of the game are distributed by Electronic Arts while online distribution of the Microsoft Windows , Mac OS X and Linux versions is handled by Valve 's content delivery service Steam . Portal 2 was announced on March 5 , 2010 , following a week-long alternate reality game based on new patches to the original game . Before the game 's release on Steam , the company released the Potato Sack , a second multi-week alternate reality game , involving 13 independently developed titles which culminated in a distributed computing spoof to release Portal 2 several hours early . The game retains Portals gameplay elements , and adds new features , including tractor beams , laser redirection , bridges made of light , and paint-like ` gels ' accelerating the player 's speed , allowing the player-character to jump higher or place portals on any surface . These gels were created by the team from the Independent Games Festival-winning DigiPen student project Tag : The Power of Paint . In the single-player campaign , the player controls protagonist Chell , awoken from suspended animation after many years , who must navigate the now-dilapidated Aperture Science Enrichment Center during its reconstruction by the reactivated GLaDOS , a powerful supercomputer . The storyline introduces new characters , including Wheatley ( Stephen Merchant ) and Cave Johnson ( J. K. Simmons ) . Ellen McLain reprised the role of GLaDOS . Jonathan Coulton and The National each produced a song for the game . Portal 2 also includes a two-player cooperative mode , in which the robotic player-characters Atlas and P-Body ( both voiced by Dee Bradley Baker ) are each given a portal gun and are required to work together to solve puzzles . Valve provided post-release support for the game , including additional downloadable content and a simplified map editor to allow players to create and share test chambers with others . Although some reviewers initially expressed concerns about the difficulty of expanding Portal into a full sequel , Portal 2 received critical acclaim , particularly for its writing , pacing , and dark humor . The voice work of McLain , Merchant , and Simmons were also praised , as were the new gameplay elements , the challenging but surmountable learning curve , and the additional cooperative mode . Some journalists ranked Portal 2 among the best games of 2011 , and several named it their Game of the Year . Portal 2 has since been hailed as one of the greatest video games of all time .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "45a28cae595abf04b971fd4af89ed388",
"text": "Aliens versus Predator 2 Aliens versus Predator 2 is a science fiction first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows in 2001 , and for Mac OS X in 2003 . The game is a sequel to Aliens versus Predator ( 1999 ) ; both games are based on the characters of the Alien and Predator media franchises as well as the Alien vs. Predator crossover series . It is set on the fictional planet LV-1201 . The game is played from a first-person perspective . In the single-player mode , players control one of three characters , each with their own abilities and individual story modes . An online multiplayer mode , which allows players to play as one of four teams in competitive modes , is no longer officially supported and requires a community developed patch to enable multiplayer . An expansion pack titled Aliens versus Predator 2 : Primal Hunt was released in 2002 . A `` Gold Edition '' of Aliens versus Predator 2 followed , combining both the original game and the expansion pack into a single package . The sequel to the game was released in 2010 , simply titled Aliens vs Predator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a193c1f70d037e5df8321cc18a1950e",
"text": "Spec Ops: The Line Spec Ops : The Line is a 2012 third-person shooter video game developed by the German studio Yager Development and published by 2K Games . It was released internationally in June 2012 for Microsoft Windows , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . It was later released for OS X in 2013 and Linux in 2015 . It is the tenth title , as well as a reboot , of the Spec Ops series , and the first entry since Spec Ops : Airborne Commando in 2002 . The game is powered by Unreal Engine 3 . In the game , the player controls Captain Martin Walker , who is sent into a post-catastrophe Dubai with an elite Delta Force team on a recon mission . As the game progresses , Walker 's mental health deteriorates , as he begins to experience hallucinations and slowly realizes the horror of war . Players can hide behind cover , vault over obstacles , and shoot enemies while utilizing a variety of gadgets . Sand is a key gameplay mechanic that can be manipulated to defeat enemies . Included with the game is an online multiplayer mode , developed separately by Darkside Game Studios , allowing players to engage in both cooperative and competitive gameplay . Yager started the game 's development in 2007 , taking inspiration for the setting and story framework from various media , including Heart of Darkness and Apocalypse Now . The game was designed to be `` physically opposing '' , causing players to question their thoughts about treating war in a video game as entertainment , and tasks players to make a variety of morally ambiguous decisions . The game suffered from multiple delays , and the development team used this time to refine the story and increase the gameplay 's pace . The game 's soundtrack is a mix of licensed music and original music composed by Elia Cmíral . Video game critics gave Spec Ops : The Line generally positive reviews . Praise focused on the narrative and its themes , while criticism was targeted at the online multiplayer mode and generic third person gameplay . Spec Ops : The Line was a commercial failure and did not garner the attention that distributor Take-Two Interactive had hoped for , but it was awarded and nominated for several end-of-the-year accolades particularly for its story . Yager announced that there would not be a sequel to the game . The game was banned in the United Arab Emirates for its depiction of Dubai in a state of destruction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a4cef110ecdb679c24fdcd612673fce",
"text": "Gears of War Gears of War is a video game franchise created and originally owned by Epic Games , developed and managed by The Coalition , and owned and published by Microsoft Studios . The series focuses on the conflict between humanity , the subterranean reptilian hominids known as the Locust Horde , and their mutated counterparts , the Lambent & the Swarm . The franchise consists of five third-person shooter video games , which has also been supplemented by a comic book series and five novels . The first installment , titled Gears of War , was released on November 7 , 2006 for the Xbox 360 . The game follows protagonist Marcus Fenix , a soldier in the Coalition of Ordered Governments tasked to lead a last-ditch effort to destroy the Locust Horde and save humanity . Two subsequent titles , Gears of War 2 ( 2008 ) and Gears of War 3 ( 2011 ) , continued Fenix and humanity 's ongoing conflict with the Locust Horde and Lambent forces . In 2013 , Epic Games and Microsoft released Gears of War : Judgment , a prequel to the series ' first title , which instead focuses on Damon Baird , one of Fenix 's squad-mates . Gears of War : Ultimate Edition was released for Microsoft Windows on March 1 , 2016 . The series ' third sequel , Gears of War 4 , is set 25 years after Gears of War 3 and follows Marcus Fenix 's son , JD , as he battles new foes that threaten humanity . Gears of War was developed by Epic Games . Cliff Bleszinski , who has previously worked on Epic 's Unreal Tournament games , served the series ' lead game designer for the first three installments . He was inspired by gameplay elements from Resident Evil 4 , Kill Switch , and Bionic Commando . The series was also guided by Rod Fergusson , the executive producer and director of development of Epic Games until 2012 . The first four installments of the Gears of War series used a modified version of the Unreal Engine 3 engine . On January 27 , 2014 , Microsoft acquired all rights to the franchise from Epic Games . Canadian studio The Coalition developed Gears of War 4 , which was released on October 11 , 2016 for the Xbox One and Windows 10 . Gears of War became one of the best-selling franchises for the Xbox 360 . The series is well known for its emphasis on cover-based combat , in which players can use objects to avoid gunfire or safely engage enemies . All five installments in Gears of War featured several multiplayer modes that allowed players to compete against each other or team-up to battle AI opponents on Xbox Live . The Gears of War games have been amongst the most popular and most played titles on Xbox Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5063cd35e2d77e04bd015be36d17b4b",
"text": "Star Wars: Battlefront II Star Wars : Battlefront II is a 2005 first - and third-person shooter video game based on the Star Wars film franchise . Developed by Pandemic Studios and published by LucasArts it is a sequel to 2004 's Star Wars : Battlefront and the second game in the Battlefront series . The game was released in PAL regions on October 31 , 2005 , on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation Portable ( PSP ) , Microsoft Windows , and Xbox platforms , and in North America on November 1 of the same year . It was later updated to be backwards compatible for the Xbox 360 . It was also released on the PlayStation Store on October 20 , 2009 , for download on the PSP . The PSP version was developed by Savage Entertainment . The game features new vehicles , characters , game mechanics , maps , and missions compared to the original Battlefront . Unlike its predecessor , Battlefront II features a more narrative-based campaign , retelling portions of the Star Wars story from the point of view of a veteran Imperial stormtrooper , reminiscing about his tour of duty in service of both the Galactic Republic and as part of the Galactic Empire . Gameplay additions over Battlefront include the use of Jedi , additional game modes such as hero assault , and objective-based space battles . Battlefront II was well received , with the PlayStation 2 and Xbox versions scoring in the mid 80s at aggregators GameRankings and Metacritic . The PC version scored slightly lower at both sites , scoring a 76.60 % at GameRankings and 78 at Metacritic . The PSP version was the worst received , scoring 70.93 % at GameRankings and 69 at Metacritic . Reviewers generally praised the narrative-based story ; however , some felt that the upgrades from the original were not enough to merit the price . Like the original game , it was a commercial success . GameSpy Technology scheduled a shut-down across all titles using the service for May 31 , 2014 , which included Star Wars : Battlefront II for PC , PS2 , and Xbox . Electronic Arts announced it would extend support for Battlefront II until June 30 , 2014 . The extended support ended on July 25 , 2014 , taking all GameSpy online video games across all platforms offline . The Windows version was added to a list of supported games on GameRanger on May 31 , 2014 , which allows for continued online play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b89e7173f5dcf649cf5f7c5fbf552c1",
"text": "Super Monkey Ball Deluxe Super Monkey Ball Deluxe is a platform video game developed and published by Sega . It was released for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox in 2005 . The game compiles all stages from Super Monkey Ball and Super Monkey Ball 2 , as well as adding various original levels . Super Monkey Ball Deluxe was well received , with critics praising the gameplay , but criticizing its audio and graphics . The game is also notable for its large number of customizable party mini-games , many of which are unique to Deluxe . The game is compatible with the Xbox 360 , and includes widescreen support .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d3561fac954ab50ee0007f224c089be",
"text": "List of Xbox games compatible with Xbox 360 This is a list of Xbox games that are compatible with the console 's successor , the Xbox 360 . Microsoft ceased adding titles to the list in November 2007 , so the list is considered final . As of April 2010 , original Xbox games no longer can be played online via the Xbox Live service , as it was ended for the original Xbox console . However , online multiplayer still is possible through third-party LAN Tunneling programs that manipulate System Link , such as XLink Kai . Downloadable content for these titles is not available via Xbox Live . This includes the Xbox Originals downloaded on the Xbox 360 and any Xbox game running on the Xbox 360 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74e9ba3b63e50b358915cfb946ff34ad",
"text": "Game controller A game controller is a device used with games or entertainment systems to provide input to a video game , typically to control an object or character in the game . A controller is usually connected to a game console or computer by means of a wire or cord , although , since the mid-2000s , wireless controllers have become widespread . Input devices that have been classified as game controllers include keyboards , mouses , gamepads , joysticks , etc. . Special purpose devices , such as steering wheels for driving games and light guns for shooting games , are also game controllers . Game controllers have been designed and improved over the years to be as user friendly as possible . The Microsoft Xbox controller , with its shoulder triggers that mimic actual triggers such as those found on guns , has become popular for shooting games . Some controllers are designed to be deliberately best for one type of game , such as steering wheels for driving games , or dance pads for dancing games . One of the first video game controllers was a simple dial and single button , used to control the game Tennis for Two . Controllers have since evolved to include directional pads , multiple buttons , analog sticks , joysticks , motion detection , touch screens and a plethora of other features .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e00872a0d86c9e2f8306cd42ad87e9b1",
"text": "Time Crisis II Time Crisis II is a light gun arcade game and the second installment in Namco 's Time Crisis series , introducing co-operative multiplayer to the franchise . It was first released in arcades in March 1997 , with an enhanced port released on the PlayStation 2 in October 2001 , bundled with the GunCon 2 controller ( G-Con 2 in Europe ) . A port for the Sega Dreamcast was in development , but was cancelled and never released .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcdc0170c885526ed3707bf96422fc25",
"text": "Halo: Reach Halo : Reach is a first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 home video game console . The sixth installment in the Halo series , Reach was released worldwide in September 2010 . The game takes place in the year 2552 , where humanity is locked in a war with the alien Covenant . Players control Noble Six , a member of an elite supersoldier squad , when the human world known as Reach falls under Covenant attack . After releasing Halo 3 in 2007 , Bungie split into teams to develop two different games -- what would become Halo 3 : ODST and Reach . The developers decided to create a prequel to the original Halo game trilogy , freeing themselves from the obligation of addressing old story threads . As the game would take place on a human world doomed to be destroyed , they focused on making the environment a character unto itself . Longtime Halo composers Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori returned to compose Reachs music , aiming for a more somber sound to match the story . Reach was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2009 in Los Angeles , California , and the first in-engine trailer was shown at the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards . Players who purchased ODST were eligible to participate in a Reach multiplayer beta in May 2010 ; the beta allowed Bungie to gain player feedback for fixing bugs and making gameplay tweaks before shipping the final version . Microsoft gave Reach its biggest game marketing budget yet and created award-winning live-action commercials , action figures , and interactive media to promote the game . The game grossed US$ 200 million on its launch day , setting a new record for the franchise . Reach sold well in most territories , moving more than three million units its first month in North America . Critical reception was positive ; reviewers from publications such as GamePro , IGN , and Official Xbox Magazine called it the best Halo title yet . Critics generally praised the game 's graphics and sound , but the plot and characters were less positively received . Reach was Bungie 's final Halo game ; subsequent games have been overseen by Microsoft subsidiary 343 Industries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9598f666c5f7a1250a375d38be87521",
"text": "Final Fantasy XIII is a science fiction role-playing video game developed and published by Square Enix for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 consoles and later for the Microsoft Windows operating system . Released in Japan in December 2009 and worldwide in March 2010 , it is the thirteenth title in the mainline Final Fantasy series . The game includes fast-paced combat , a new system for the series for determining which abilities are developed for the characters called `` Crystarium '' , and a customizable `` Paradigm '' system to control which abilities are used by the characters . Final Fantasy XIII includes elements from the previous games in the series , such as summoned monsters , chocobos , and airships . The game takes place in the fictional floating world of Cocoon , whose government , the Sanctum , is ordering a purge of civilians who have supposedly come into contact with Pulse , the much-feared world below . The former soldier Lightning begins her fight against the government in order to save her sister who has been branded as an unwilling servant to a god-like being from Pulse , making her an enemy of Cocoon . Lightning is soon joined by a band of allies , and together the group also become marked by the same Pulse creature . They rally against the Sanctum while trying to discover their assigned task and whether they can avoid being turned into monsters or crystals at the completion . Development began in 2004 , and the game was first announced at Electronic Entertainment Expo ( E3 ) 2006 . Final Fantasy XIII is the flagship title of the Fabula Nova Crystallis collection of Final Fantasy games and is the first game to use Square Enix 's Crystal Tools engine . Final Fantasy XIII received mostly positive reviews from video game publications , which praised the game 's graphics , presentation , and battle system . The game 's story received a mixed response from reviewers , and its linearity compared to previous games in the series was mostly criticized . Selling 1.7 million copies in Japan in 2009 , Final Fantasy XIII became the fastest-selling title in the history of the series . As of January 2013 , the game has sold over 6.6 million copies worldwide . The Microsoft Windows version has sold over 700,000 copies according to SteamSpy . A sequel , titled Final Fantasy XIII-2 , was released in December 2011 in Japan and in February 2012 in North America and PAL regions . A second sequel , titled Lightning Returns : Final Fantasy XIII , which concludes Lightning 's story and the Final Fantasy XIII saga , was released in November 2013 in Japan and in February 2014 in North America and PAL regions . In September 2014 , Square Enix announced the Final Fantasy XIII series has been widely successful and has shipped over 11 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c60989d1cd9d0de0742fbf607ba47c8",
"text": "Chell (Portal) Chell is the silent protagonist in the Portal video game series developed by Valve Corporation . She appears in both Portal and Portal 2 as the main player character .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68ef79758f8c659e0a8cdef7e109023d",
"text": "StarCraft II: Wings of Liberty StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty is a military science fiction real-time strategy video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment . It was released worldwide in July 2010 for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X . A sequel to the 1998 video game StarCraft and its expansion set Brood War , the game is split into three installments : the base game with the subtitle Wings of Liberty , an expansion pack Heart of the Swarm , and a stand-alone expansion pack Legacy of the Void . The game revolves around three species : the Terrans , human exiles from Earth ; the Zerg , a super-species of assimilated life forms ; and the Protoss , a technologically advanced species with vast mental powers . Wings of Liberty focuses on the Terrans , while the expansions Heart of the Swarm and Legacy of the Void focus on the Zerg and Protoss , respectively . The game is set four years after the events of 1998 's StarCraft : Brood War , and follows the exploits of Jim Raynor as he leads an insurgent group against the autocratic Terran Dominion . The game includes both new and returning characters and locations from the original game . The game was met with very positive reviews from critics , receiving an aggregated score of 93 % from Metacritic . Similar to its predecessor , StarCraft II was praised for its engaging gameplay , as well as its introduction of new features and improved storytelling . The game was criticized for lacking features that existed in the original StarCraft game including LAN play and the ability to switch between multiplayer regions . At the time of its release , StarCraft II became the fastest-selling real-time strategy game , with over three million copies sold worldwide in the first month .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18bc9b5a24ddeb19c2866f9cb67bd8ba",
"text": "Dark Sector Dark Sector , also stylized as darkSector , is a third-person shooter video game developed by Digital Extremes for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 and Microsoft Windows . The game is set in the fictional Eastern Bloc country of Lasria , and centers on protagonist Hayden Tenno ( voiced by Michael Rosenbaum ) , a morally ambivalent CIA `` clean-up man '' . While trying to intercept rogue agent named Robert Mezner , Hayden 's right arm is infected with the fictional Technocyte virus , which gives him the ability to grow a three-pronged `` Glaive '' at will . Dark Sector received mixed to positive reviews for its visual design , originality of action and weapon-based gameplay . Many critics have compared the game to Resident Evil 4 and Gears of War , for their similar style of play and story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98b5d7ed7ce9fe40ecc87509f1c98faf",
"text": "Army Men II Army Men II is the second game in the Army Men video game franchise from The 3DO Company and a direct sequel to 1998 's '' Army Men . It was released in 1999 The game differs from the first installment in that it has battles in both the `` real world '' and the `` plastic world . '' It was also the first to introduce the concept of portals between our world and their world , a topic that was expanded upon in later games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f20407451dc8c08ab4beaca168e3543",
"text": "Kirby's Dream Land 2 Kirby 's Dream Land 2 , known as in Japan , is a platforming video game developed by HAL Laboratory and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy handheld video game console . It was first released in Japan on March 21 , 1995 , and was later released in North America on May 1 , 1995 . It was released in Europe on July 31 , 1995 . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 continues the adventures of Kirby from Kirby 's Dream Land and Kirby 's Adventure , adding three animal friends to aid Kirby in battle . It can be played on the Super Game Boy , and gives slight changes to the game , such as adding a custom color scheme , a special game border , and a few new sound effects . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 was slated to be remade for the Game Boy Color as Kirby 's Dream Land 2 DX , but was cancelled along with Metroid II : Return of Samus DX . The original game was re-released on the 3DS Virtual Console in Japan on February 15 , 2012 , in PAL regions in May 17 , 2012 , and in North America on August 1 , 2013 . Kirby 's Dream Land 2 is also included in the Kirby 20th Anniversary Wii disc Kirby 's Dream Collection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "825f10cd66a1d507c801b6f952b1b08f",
"text": "F.E.A.R. F.E.A.R. First Encounter Assault Recon is a survival horror first-person shooter video game developed by Monolith Productions and published by Sierra Entertainment . It was released on October 17 , 2005 , for Microsoft Windows , and ported by Day 1 Studios to the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Timegate Studios has released two expansion packs , F.E.A.R. Extraction Point in October 2006 , and F.E.A.R. Perseus Mandate in November 2007 . A direct sequel titled F.E.A.R. 2 : Project Origin , was released in February 2009 , and a second sequel , F. 3 . A.R. , was released in June 2011 , though it was developed by Day 1 Studios ( now known as Wargaming Chicago-Baltimore ) , not by Monolith Productions . The game 's story revolves around a supernatural phenomenon , which F.E.A.R. -- a fictional special forces team -- is called to contain . The player assumes the role of F.E.A.R. 's Point Man , who possesses superhuman reflexes , and must uncover the secrets of a paranormal menace in the form of a little girl . F.E.A.R. was well received by critics , scoring 89 % on GameRankings , and The New York Times calling it `` as thrilling and involving as Half-Life . '' A `` Director 's Edition '' DVD version of the game was also released . The DVD included a `` Making of '' documentary , a director 's commentary , a short live-action prequel and the exclusive first episode of the promotional P.A.N.I.C.S. machinima . A related Dark Horse comic book was also packaged with the DVD . Along with the Director 's Edition , F.E.A.R. Gold Edition was released . Gold Edition included the Director 's Edition and Extraction Point . F.E.A.R. Platinum Edition features the original game and two expansion packs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "500b6335643d2b2d87b9b4bc658d384f",
"text": "Galak-Z: The Dimensional Galak-Z : The Dimensional is a shooter video game by 17-BIT for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and PlayStation 4 . It was announced during Sony 's pre-E3 2013 press conference in June 2013 . 17-BIT CEO Jake Kazdal describes it as `` modern Halo and Far Cry 3 combat in a 2-dimensional shell . '' Reflecting its inspiration in part by Japanese anime , the game is also known officially by the Japanese title of",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b8e63d78c1bbdb18f8138efcc0648c4",
"text": "Half-Life (series) Half-Life ( stylized HλLF-LIFE ) is a series of first-person shooter video games that share a single science fiction alternate history . The games in the series all utilize either the GoldSrc or Source engines and are linear , narrative , single-player titles . Valve Corporation is the developer , and partly the publisher and distributor , for their signature games of the series . The major titles in the series feature the player as the protagonist , Gordon Freeman , a theoretical physicist initially employed by the Black Mesa Research Facility . Two of these games , Half-Life and Half-Life 2 are full length titles , while two more , Half-Life 2 : Episode One and Half-Life 2 : Episode Two , are shorter , episodic titles . A final episode , Half-Life 2 : Episode Three , was originally scheduled to appear around Christmas 2007 , but now has no public release date . A puzzle-based first-person series , set in the same fictional universe as the Half-Life games , was created with Portal in 2007 , followed by a sequel , Portal 2 , in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fff2a34532dc282d0ef16d58d14ca22",
"text": "Mega Man 2 Mega Man 2 , known in Japan as , is an action-platform game developed and published by Capcom for the Nintendo Entertainment System . It is the second installment in the original Mega Man series . The game was released in Japan in 1988 and in North America and PAL regions the following years . Mega Man 2 continues the titular protagonist 's battle against the evil Dr. Wily and his rogue robots . The game features graphical and gameplay changes from the first Mega Man game , many of which have remained throughout the series . Although sales for Mega Man were unimpressive , Capcom allowed the Rockman team to create a sequel . They worked concurrently on other Capcom projects , using their free time to develop the game . Unused content from the previous title was integrated into Mega Man 2 . Takashi Tateishi composed the soundtrack , with Yoshihiro Sakaguchi serving as a sound programmer . With more than 1.5 million copies sold , the game is the best-selling Mega Man title . Critics praised its audio , visuals and gameplay as an improvement over the first game . Many publications rank Mega Man 2 as the best title in the series , and as one of the greatest video games of all time . The game has been re-released on several consoles and mobile phones .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffc8ce79f10f62c6e3a2c2363f341a9a",
"text": "E.X. Troopers , stylized as E.X. Tr ∞ pers , is a third-person shooter video game developed and published by Capcom for Nintendo 3DS and PlayStation 3 . The game was released exclusively in Japan to retail customers on November 22 , 2012 and later on Nintendo eShop and PlayStation Network on January 24 , 2013 . It is a spin-off of the Lost Planet series which Capcom describes as , rather than like prior console instalments or Lost Planet 3 's .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
02ad35b4fe3f69016d796edc146e85e4 | Heidi Klum had the lead role in Ella Enchanted. | [
{
"docid": "2529c10c78f6707f94daeec3068de754",
"text": "Heidi Klum Heidi Klum ( -LSB- ˈhaɪ̯di ˈklʊm -RSB- ; born June 1 , 1973 ) is a German-American supermodel , television personality , businesswoman , fashion designer , singer , television producer , author , and actress . She appeared on the cover of the Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue and in 1999 became the first German model to become a Victoria 's Secret Angel . Following a successful modeling career , Klum became the host and a judge of Germany 's Next Topmodel and the reality show Project Runway which earned her an Emmy nomination in 2008 and a win in 2013 for Outstanding Host for a Reality or Reality-Competition Program ( shared with co-host Tim Gunn ) ; Klum has been nominated for six Emmy Awards . She has worked as a spokesmodel for Dannon and H&M , and has appeared in numerous commercials for McDonald 's , Volkswagen and others . In 2009 , Klum became Barbie 's official ambassador on Barbie 's 50th anniversary . As an occasional actress , she had supporting roles in movies including Blow Dry ( 2001 ) , Ella Enchanted ( 2004 ) , and made cameo appearances in The Devil Wears Prada ( 2006 ) and Perfect Stranger ( 2007 ) . She has also appeared on TV shows including Sex and the City , How I Met Your Mother , Desperate Housewives and Parks and Recreation . Currently , Klum is a judge on the NBC reality show America 's Got Talent . In May 2011 , Forbes magazine estimated Klum 's total earnings for that year as . She is ranked second on Forbes list of the `` World 's Top-Earning Models '' , behind Gisele Bündchen . Forbes noted that since ending her 13-year run as a Victoria 's Secret Angel , Klum has become more of a businesswoman than a model . In 2008 , she became an American citizen while maintaining her native German citizenship .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ffa0c44026e4f34a2a65b685faa8e02a",
"text": "Hana no Ko Lunlun , translated to English as The Flower Child Lunlun and Lulu , The Flower Angel is a magical girl anime by Toei Animation , focusing on a theme of flowers in its stories . It was directed by Hiroshi Shidara and written by Shiro Jinbo . It was greatly successful in the West , particularly in Europe and in Latin America , as well as in Japan . An edited English-language dub of a few episodes titled Angel made this series one of , if not the first , magical girl anime works to reach the United States , well over a decade before Sailor Moon . A movie adaptation , Hana no Ko Runrun Konnichiwa Sakura no Sono , was released on March 1980 . In 2009 , William Winckler Productions produced two all-new English-dubbed movie versions edited from the original series titled Lun Lun the Flower Girl and Lun Lun the Flower Girl 2 . Producer William Winckler , known for Tekkaman the Space Knight , wrote , produced and directed the English films , which are seen on broadband in Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e112d28a09d70117e27782ede378f7c",
"text": "Silver Linings Playbook Silver Linings Playbook is a 2012 American romantic comedy-drama film written and directed by David O. Russell . It was adapted from the novel The Silver Linings Playbook , by Matthew Quick . The film stars Bradley Cooper and Jennifer Lawrence , with Robert De Niro , Jacki Weaver , Chris Tucker , Anupam Kher , and Julia Stiles in supporting roles . Cooper plays Patrick `` Pat '' Solitano , Jr. , a man with bipolar disorder who is released from a psychiatric hospital and moves back in with his parents , played by Robert De Niro and Jacki Weaver . Determined to win back his estranged wife , Pat meets recently widowed Tiffany Maxwell , portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence , who offers to help him get his wife back if he enters a dance competition with her . The two become closer as they train and Pat , his father , and Tiffany examine their relationships with each other as they cope with their problems . Silver Linings Playbook premiered at the 2012 Toronto International Film Festival on September 8 , 2012 , and was released in the United States on November 16 , 2012 . The film opened to major critical success and earned numerous accolades . It received eight Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director , Best Adapted Screenplay . It became the first film since 1981 's Reds to be Oscar-nominated for the four acting categories and the first since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby to be nominated for the Big Five Oscars , with Lawrence winning the Academy Award for Best Actress . It also achieved four Golden Globe Award nominations , with Lawrence winning Best Actress ; three BAFTA nominations , with Russell winning for Best Adapted Screenplay ; four Screen Actors Guild nominations ; and five Independent Spirit Award nominations , winning in four categories , including Best Film . The film was a success at the box office , grossing over $ 236 million worldwide , more than eleven times its budget .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10bdf7ff3b4ee3db2c10b2bcc95dd1df",
"text": "Heidi.com heidi.com is a Neuchâtel , Switzerland-based company specialized in ready-to-wear apparel . Its name and logo are directly inspired from Heidi , the main character in Johanna Spyri 's 1880 novel . The brand officially equipped all members of the Swiss pavilion at the Expo 2015 in Milan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26ac2bd04421caa8d98bb8369b34132f",
"text": "Enchanted Palace Enchanted Palace is a children 's board game released in 1994 by the Milton Bradley Company . The goal is for players to make their way through the castle to rescue the queen from an evil witch .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0642de2c2ae77e509e20af33e49935c5",
"text": "Ella (Ella Fitzgerald album) Ella is a 1969 studio album by the American jazz singer Ella Fitzgerald . The first of two albums recorded for the Warner Bros. owned Reprise label . This album continues the theme set on Fitzgerald 's previous album , consisting in the main part of cover versions of popular songs from the late 1960s . The production of this recording was in the hands of Richard Perry , who had joined the Reprise label in 1967 . Perry later went on the produce albums by Barbra Streisand and Diana Ross . The album was re-issued on CD with alternative artwork , in 1989 . Released together on one CD with Ella 's final album recorded for Reprise label , Things Ai n't What They Used to Be ( And You Better Believe It ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49c95b95bf0615ead1ba706ef5cc51b1",
"text": "Hello, Dolly! (film) Hello , Dolly ! is a 1969 American romantic comedy musical film based on the Broadway production of the same name . Directed by Gene Kelly and adapted and produced by Ernest Lehman , the cast includes Barbra Streisand , Walter Matthau , Michael Crawford , Danny Lockin , Tommy Tune , Fritz Feld , Marianne McAndrew , E. J. Peaker and Louis Armstrong ( whose recording of the title tune had become a number-one single in May 1964 ) . The film follows the story of Dolly Levi ( a strong-willed matchmaker ) , as she travels to Yonkers , New York , to find a match for the miserly `` well-known unmarried half-a-millionaire '' Horace Vandergelder . In doing so she convinces his niece , his niece 's intended , and Horace 's two clerks to travel to New York City . The film won three Oscars for Best Art Direction , Best Score of a Musical Picture , and Best Sound Mixing and was nominated for a further four Academy Awards , including Best Picture . Although the film eventually broke even , it was not a commercial success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a9814aad4ea71ab267c7e4b1e063ba4",
"text": "Mabel Taliaferro Mabel `` Nell '' Taliaferro ( May 21 , 1887 -- January 24 , 1979 ) was an American stage and silent-screen actress , known as the Sweetheart of American Movies . Taliaferro was descended on her father 's side from one of the early families who settled in Virginia in the 17th century , the Taliaferros , whose roots are from a northern Italian immigrant to England in the 16th century . Born as Maybelle Evelyn Taliaferro in New York City and raised in Richmond , Virginia , in 1912 her career began with the Selig Studios film version of Cinderella co-starring her then husband Thomas Carrigan . She continued performing in films through her retirement in 1921 . In 1940 , she appeared in her final picture , My Love Came Back . Taliaferro was a sister of film and stage actress Edith Taliaferro and the cousin of actress Bessie Barriscale . Her first husband was amusement park designer and manager Frederic Thompson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "547d3f275664e42a97f26cd7312b710b",
"text": "The Uses of Enchantment The Uses of Enchantment : The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales is a 1976 book by Austrian-born American author Bruno Bettelheim , in which Bettelheim analyzes fairy tales in terms of Freudian psychoanalysis . Bettelheim presents a case that fairy tales helps children solve certain existential problems such separation anxiety , oedipal conflict , and sibling rivalries . The extreme violence and ugly emotions of many fairy tales serve to deflect what may well be going on in the child 's mind anyway . A child 's unrealistic fears often require unrealistic hopes . And furthermore , `` The Frog King '' may be superior to modern sex education in that it acknowledges that a child may find sex disgusting , and this may serve a protective function for the child .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a737b1a29000acb3ba8854e93558347",
"text": "Erna Baumbauer Erma Baumbauer ( 8 January 1919 -- 30 January 2010 ) was a German casting agent . She has been called the `` grand dame of German casting agents '' by The Hollywood Reporter for her long career in the German film industry , which spanned decades . She was nicknamed `` the Queen of Bavaria '' by one of her clients , actor Ulrich Mühe . Bambauer was born in Munich in 1919 , and stood 5 ' 1 '' tall during her life . She began her career by working as a bookdealer and journalist . She founded her eponymous Munich-based talent agency , Erna Baunbauer Management , following the end of World War II , where she worked until her death in 2010 . The Hollywood Reporter described her as knowing everyone with the German film industry . In one instance , film director Florian Henckel von Donnersmarck sent Baumbauer a script for his 2006 film , The Lives of Others , for her to cast directly . Baumbauer directly chose three actors from her agency to become the male leads for the film - Ulrich Muehe , Sebastian Koch und Ulrich Tukur . Bambauer 's client included Sebastian Koch , Maximilian Schell , Katja Riemann , Susanne Lothar and Bruno Ganz . The German Film Academy awarded Baumbauer the lifetime achievement award in 2006 . This marked the first time in the academy 's history that a woman who was not a film director or actress by profession had received the honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d06c2b6b95e916713962e3b6ce56877",
"text": "Legally Blonde: The Musical – The Search for Elle Woods Legally Blonde : The Musical -- The Search for Elle Woods is an MTV program created in order to cast an actress to replace Laura Bell Bundy in the role of Elle Woods in the Broadway production of Legally Blonde : The Musical . The show debuted on June 2 , 2008 . The winner of the show , Bailey Hanks , in addition to being cast in the role , was given the opportunity to record her own single of the musical 's first-act closer , `` So Much Better '' . The show concluded on July 21 , 2008 . Autumn Hurlbert was the runner up . She served as Hanks ' understudy and performed in the ensemble of the show ( replacing Becky Gulsvig who left to join the tour ) . Bundy 's last performance in the musical was on July 20 , 2008 . Hanks began performances on July 23 , 2008 and remained with the show until it closed on October 19 , 2008 . Two other show finalists -- Rhiannon Hansen and Lauren Zakrin , performed in the `` Legally Blonde '' national tour . Hansen played Margot in the musical and Zakrin performed in the ensemble as well serving as understudy to Becky Gulsvig as Elle Woods . The show began with 15 contestants . All except the winner were eliminated over nine episodes , in which they performed songs and faced other challenges . A three-judge panel made the elimination decisions . Most episodes involved a small prize for the winner of the challenge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "025ec13b564cd27871d4fb752ec19ecd",
"text": "Spellbound Pictures Spellbound Pictures Ltd. , USA LLC is a film and television production and distribution company founded by Mark McClafferty and Pamela Edwards McClafferty in 1996 . Spellbound Pictures completed a $ 60,000,000.00 , 12 picture deal with Ellipse/Canal + , the French Entertainment giant in 1996 to supply the United Artist Theatre Circuit with a steady flow of family friendly films . It was under this deal that Spellbound Pictures along with Mehra Entertainment completed The Climb , starring John Hurt , Gregory Smith , and David Strathairn , which won eight international film festival awards and was released February 26 , 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "495f31179bcc3d6aba0133fae33b96c8",
"text": "Hedda Gabler (2015 film) Hedda Gabler is a film based on the Victorian Period Drama Classic Hedda Gabler , written by Norwegian playwright Henrik Ibsen . One of many film adaptations of this play , the 2014 film Hedda Gabler was produced , adapted and directed by Matthew John . Hedda Gabler is an example of realism in nineteenth century play writing , and is one of the world 's best known and most performed dramas . The film was shot at Maunsel House . The movie premiered at the Vika Cinema , Oslo on 8 September 2016 to open the Ibsen International Festivalen . A press Launch at the Henrik Ibsen Museum on 9 September 2016 . the event was sponsored by H+M and Radisson Blu.Matthew John attended the red carpet with Swedish supermodel Marcus Schenkenberg . Costumes from the movie have donated to the museum for permanent display . The title role is played by Rita Ramnani . The film is also part of the Worcester University PR and Journalism programme . The film had its UK premiere at the University , followed by talks from the cast , costume designer and director . Film is rumoured to be released by Netflix .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8afad326aad282e12344509226fbf3b",
"text": "Good Girls (Elle King song) `` Good Girls '' is a song written and recorded by American singer and songwriter Elle King for the soundtrack of the 2016 supernatural comedy film , Ghostbusters . The song was co-written and produced by Dave Bassett . It was released digitally on June 3 , 2016 through RCA Records as the soundtrack 's lead single and impacted American Triple A radio on June 13 , 2016 . Upon release , the song received positive reviews from music critics and attained a top 40 position on the Billboard Rock Songs chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c939afda68637571994d1a7d5dd87a5",
"text": "Heidi Lucas Heidi Lucas ( born June 3 , 1977 ) is a former teen American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd",
"text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f34769d4317a6ef59caea0077bab25b3",
"text": "Ella (Juan Gabriel album) Ella ( Her ) is the fifteenth studio album released by Juan Gabriel in 1980 . Available only for a very short time and distributed by RCA ( The old Juan Gabriel label ) with some songs no used previously at any record for example ; the very first version of `` Te Sigo Amando '' and some B sides .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad427ee41ccafeab086c5edc403e772d",
"text": "Enchanted April (1992 film) Enchanted April is a 1992 film directed by Mike Newell . The screenplay by Peter Barnes was adapted from Elizabeth von Arnim 's 1922 novel The Enchanted April . The film stars Miranda Richardson , Josie Lawrence , Polly Walker and Joan Plowright , with Alfred Molina , Michael Kitchen and Jim Broadbent in supporting roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90da8d74d8f47288bebf343e4efe8a56",
"text": "Every Woman Every Woman is a syndicated television series produced by Entertainment Studios and created by Byron Allen . The series has aired since 2000 . Heidi Klum made a guest appearance on the show in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75572ba2e55afc914253c1c586ffff89",
"text": "Were the World Mine Were the World Mine is a 2008 romantic musical fantasy film directed by Tom Gustafson and written by Gustafson and Cory James Krueckeberg . Were the World Mine is a story of gay empowerment , inspired by Shakespeare 's A Midsummer Night 's Dream . Were the World Mine stars Tanner Cohen , Wendy Robie , Judy McLane , Zelda Williams , Jill Larson , Ricky Goldman , Nathaniel David Becker , Christian Stolte , and David Darlow .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab115398afb2178292f5755848fa0459",
"text": "Annabel Linquist Annabel Linquist , also known as Holy Magic , or Bel , is an American artist , entrepreneur , musician , and producer . Annabel specializes creating custom paintings or `` Charms '' that `` neurologically rewire '' the brains of her collectors . According to Linquist , her work is `` coded to repel ghosts '' and is based on research in epigenetics , neuroplasticity , and the occult . Annabel 's privately commissioned `` psychic paintings '' and custom-made love songs are widely praised and known to be well loved in celebrity circles . Linquist is the creator of Book Report , a startup that became popular in 2011 by circulating a reincarnated series of Summer Guides that started as an underground Vanity Fair project . She is also known for her work with Sony Ericsson 's global promotional campaign for the Xperia Arc , which won a Webby Award in the Integrated Mobile Experience category in London and New York . Linquist created a song using only her mobile phone as a field recording device in Paris for the project . Annabel has just released her first single in collaboration with Imogen Heap 's Mi.Mu gloves project with an EP to follow this year .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5cb61b0aa773b76b822ad79271d6ce0e | Seth MacFarlane did not secure studio support for Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey. | [
{
"docid": "2a8dfb615c12d386ced8497ea145a89e",
"text": "Seth MacFarlane Seth Woodbury MacFarlane ( -LSB- ˈsɛθ_ˈwʊdbɛri_məkˈfɑrlɪn -RSB- born October 26 , 1973 ) is an American actor , filmmaker , and singer , working primarily in animation and comedy , as well as live-action and other genres . MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series Family Guy ( 1999 -- 2003 , 2005 -- present ) , co-creator of the TV series American Dad ! ( 2005 -- present ) and The Cleveland Show ( 2009 -- 13 ) . He also wrote , directed , and starred in the films Ted ( 2012 ) , its sequel Ted 2 ( 2015 ) , and A Million Ways to Die in the West ( 2014 ) . MacFarlane is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design , where he studied animation . Recruited to Hollywood , he was an animator and writer for Hanna-Barbera for several television series , including Johnny Bravo , Cow and Chicken , Dexter 's Laboratory , I Am Weasel , and Larry & Steve . As an actor , he has made guest appearances on series , such as Gilmore Girls , The War at Home and FlashForward . In 2008 , he created his own YouTube series titled Seth MacFarlane 's Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy . He won several awards for his work on Family Guy , including two Primetime Emmy Awards and an Annie Award . In 2009 , he won the Webby Award for Film & Video Person of the Year . He occasionally speaks at universities and colleges throughout the United States , and he is a supporter of gay rights . MacFarlane 's first feature-length comedy film , Ted , features his voice acting and performance-capture as the titular anthropomorphic teddy bear and became the highest-grossing original R-rated comedy . As a singer MacFarlane has performed at several venues , including Carnegie Hall and the Royal Albert Hall . MacFarlane has released three studio albums , in the same vein of his musical idol Frank Sinatra , beginning with Music Is Better Than Words in 2011 . He wrote the lyrics for the Academy Award-nominated song `` Everybody Needs a Best Friend '' for Ted . MacFarlane served as executive producer of Cosmos : A Spacetime Odyssey , an update of the 1980s Carl Sagan -- hosted Cosmos series , hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson . MacFarlane was instrumental in providing funding for the series , as well as securing studio support for it from other entertainment executives .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d7ffcd694dce5413d91ad97eb25ba981",
"text": "Josh Weinstein Josh Weinstein ( born May 5 , 1966 ) is an American television writer and producer , known for his work on the animated comedy series The Simpsons . Weinstein and Bill Oakley became best friends and writing partners at St. Albans High School ; Weinstein then attended Stanford University and was editor-in-chief of the Stanford Chaparral . He worked on several short-term media projects , including writing for the variety show Sunday Best , but was then unemployed for a long period . Weinstein and Oakley eventually penned a spec script for Seinfeld , after which they wrote `` Marge Gets a Job '' , an episode of The Simpsons . Subsequently , the two were hired to write for the show on a permanent basis in 1992 . After they wrote episodes such as `` $ pringfield ( Or , How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling ) '' , `` Bart vs. Australia '' and `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? '' , the two were appointed executive producers and showrunners for the seventh and eighth seasons of the show . They attempted to include several emotional episodes focusing on the Simpson family , as well as several high-concept episodes such as `` Homer 's Enemy '' , `` Two Bad Neighbors '' and `` The Principal and the Pauper '' , winning three Primetime Emmy Awards for their work . After they left The Simpsons , Oakley and Weinstein created Mission Hill . The show was plagued by promotional issues and was swiftly canceled . They worked as consulting producers on Futurama , then created The Mullets in 2003 . The two wrote several unsuccessful TV pilots , and were due to serve as showrunners on Sit Down , Shut Up in 2009 . Oakley left the project over a contract dispute , but Weinstein remained until it was canceled . He co-produced and wrote for Futurama again during its Comedy Central revival , winning an Emmy in 2011 . Since 2013 , Weinstein has served as showrunner for the CBBC series Strange Hill High . He has also served as a writer for Season Two of Gravity Falls , co-writing nine of the season 's episodes . Weinstein is married to journalist Lisa Simmons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3e94efc63b70d2c7bc14c2479f0401a4",
"text": "Star Trek: Odyssey Star Trek : Odyssey is a Star Trek fan production from Areakt Productions , the creators of Star Trek : Hidden Frontier . Set after the end of Hidden Frontier , Odyssey follows the USS Odyssey as it struggles to get home from a dangerous mission that has taken it and her crew 2.5 million light years from home to the unknowns of the Andromeda Galaxy . This is the first Star Trek series , fan produced or otherwise , to take place outside of the Milky Way Galaxy . The pilot for Odyssey , entitled Iliad , was put to wide release on Saturday , September 22 , 2007 and is now freely available on the official website . According to the creator of Hidden Frontier and Odyssey , Rob Caves , Odyssey will be primarily centered on Lt. Cmdr. Ro Nevin ( Brandon McConnell ) in a loose retelling of Homer 's classic story of The Odyssey , set in the 24th century universe of Star Trek . Ro was involved in numerous episodes of the Star Trek : Hidden Frontier series , and was in the first gay plotlines during the second season of Hidden Frontier . Caves has said that although Ro is an openly gay/bisexual character , the new series `` will focus instead on new aspects of his evolving persona that have not been explored yet in Hidden Frontier '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf811c36aec0c51370349d6bcffd87bc",
"text": "Angry Dad: The Movie `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' is the fourteenth episode of The Simpsons ' twenty-second season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 20 , 2011 . The plot of the episode involves Bart winning many awards for his new short film based on his web cartoon series Angry Dad , which was first introduced in `` I Am Furious ( Yellow ) '' , while Homer takes credit for the film during acceptance speeches . `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' was written by John Frink and directed by Matthew Nastuk , with Ricky Gervais , Halle Berry , Russell Brand , Maurice LaMarche , Nick Park and J. B. Smoove guest starring . Cultural references in the episode include Pixar , Toy Story , Wallace and Gromit , Kung Fu Panda , Ms. Pac-Man , SpongeBob SquarePants and the 68th Golden Globe Award ceremony . The episode was viewed in an estimated 6.35 million households , with a 2.8 Nielsen rating , marking a slight rise in audience from the previous episode , while the episode was the twenty-fifth most viewed show for the week of broadcast among adults aged 18 -- 49 . Critical reception of the episode was generally positive , with critics praising the episode 's use of visual gags and cultural references .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b24fbb6db3f048e3f7b011b5c01fce63",
"text": "Back at the Barnyard Back at the Barnyard is a Nickelodeon computer-animated television series that is a spin-off from the 2006 film , Barnyard . The debut series premiered on September 29 , 2007 on Nickelodeon . The show is produced by Omation Animation Studio , in association with Nickelodeon Animation Studios . The show mainly features pop culture references and parodies for the entertainment of the show . In February 2008 , Nickelodeon renewed the show for a second season consisting of 24 episodes . On January 22 , 2010 , Nickelodeon ordered 16 more episodes extending it to a third season . In March 2011 , the show was in hiatus , due to the more recent Omation show Planet Sheen pausing production of `` Back at the Barnyard '' episodes . The hiatus stopped in August 2011 when they announced the remaining episodes would air on Nickelodeon 's sister channel , Nicktoons , starting on September 12 , 2011 . The final episode of the show aired on November 12 , 2011 , and was entitled `` Aliens ! '' . This is Steve Oedekerk 's second animated series for Nickelodeon , as he was one of the executive producers of The Adventures of Jimmy Neutron : Boy Genius .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bfe8c5032950aa6139b6ea733b2f951",
"text": "Family Guy: The Quest for Stuff Family Guy : The Quest for Stuff is a freemium video game for Kindle , iOS , Android , Windows Phone 8 and Windows 8.1 based on the American animated series Family Guy released by Fox Digital Entertainment and developer TinyCo . It allows users to create and run their own version of Quahog using familiar characters and buildings . It features an original story conceived by the show 's writers in which Quahog has been destroyed and it is up to the player to bring it back to its former glory . Some of the show 's main actors , like Seth MacFarlane ( Peter , Stewie , Brian ) , Alex Borstein ( Lois ) , Mila Kunis ( Meg ) , and Seth Green ( Chris ) collaborated with TinyCo for the project .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e",
"text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7178d2a6fee9c52972ad3fbd5c966aa",
"text": "Marvel Productions Marvel Productions Ltd. , later known as New World Animation Ltd. , was the television and film studio subsidiary of the Marvel Entertainment Group , based in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . It later became a subsidiary of New World Entertainment and eventually of News Corporation ( Fox Entertainment Group ) . Marvel Productions produced animated television series , motion pictures , and television specials such as Spider-Man and His Amazing Friends , The Incredible Hulk , My Little Pony : The Movie , The Transformers : The Movie , and G.I. Joe : The Movie as well as the Transformers and G.I. Joe : A Real American Hero television series . Most of Marvel Productions ' back catalog ( mostly non-Hasbro related productions ) is currently owned by The Walt Disney Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255",
"text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eb3315f31e5b52a75c52649bbed2a00",
"text": "He-Man and the Masters of the Universe He-Man and the Masters of the Universe is an American animated television series produced by Filmation based on Mattel 's toy line Masters of the Universe . The show , often referred to as simply He-Man , was one of the most popular animated children 's shows of the 1980s , and has retained a heavy cult following to this day . It made its television debut in 1983 and ran until 1985 , consisting of two seasons of 65 episodes each . Reruns continued to air in syndication until 1988 , at which point USA Network bought the rights to the series . USA aired He-Man until September 1990 . Reruns of the show are no longer being broadcast on the Qubo Night Owl nor on Retro Television Network in the US , but the show is now available on Netflix .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fadccb571e7a164e402b1eabbb9b82b",
"text": "Odyssey Productions Odyssey Productions ( formerly Odyssey Visual Design ) is the former name of a California-based photography and 3-D computer animation company founded in 1983 by Steven Churchill in partnership with Adrian Turcotte . It was the first San Diego company to produce 3-D computer animation and its clients have included Coca-Cola , General Dynamics , Union Oil , Southwestern Cable , Metrocast , Honda , and a number of TV stations across the country . While Odyssey focused primarily on 35mm back-lit motion graphics and special effects for the first 5 years of its existence , its award-winning release of the world 's first home entertainment video of computer animation , State Of the Art Of Computer Animation in 1988 brought about a shift in focus to 3D computer animation . The accolades and sales successes achieved by State Of the Art Of Computer Animation prompted the 1990 release of The Mind 's Eye : A Computer Animation Odyssey , a title that would become the first member of the successful The Mind 's Eye series . The next decade ( 1990 -- 2000 ) would be taken up almost entirely with the production of 19 feature-length 3-D computer animated package films for home release . The company 's name became Odyssey Productions in 1995 and the last 12 3D computer animated films were released under this name . In 2003 the company again changed its name to AnimationTrip and broadened its focus to encompass photography to a greater extent . Under this new corporate name , the company added a business enterprise in 2004 focused primarily on photographic art and has launched a series of international art exhibitions in San Diego , California called the Art of Photography Show and the Art of Digital Show . Since 2006 , exhibiting photographic art and promoting photo artists has been the full focus of the business . In 2010 the company was named PhotoCulture , Inc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97612c1ed326f54947711aaf3729fbe8",
"text": "Neil deGrasse Tyson Presents: Space Odyssey Neil deGrasse Tyson Presents : Space Odyssey is an upcoming sandbox video game with 4X elements being developed by Whatnot Entertainment for Microsoft Windows , macOS , Linux , iOS , and Android systems , including virtual reality devices , anticipated for release in 2017 . The game is being co-developed by astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson , and will have some educational aspects as the player designs and grows parts of a virtual galaxy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e968b7a371aef224cf329ad974c3a476",
"text": "Odyssey (WBEZ) Odyssey was a daily talk show of ideas produced by WBEZ Chicago Public Radio . Hosted by Gretchen Helfrich , Odyssey explored topics ranging from religion in the public sphere to reasoning about risk ; pacifism to post-national identity ; memory to Microsoft ; societal views on mental health to the state of marriage . Odyssey first went on the air in Chicago in 1998 and was launched as Chicago Public Radio 's newest national program in November 2001 . `` Talk radio has a reputation for being either inflammatory or pretentious , '' said Torey Malatia , the president and general manager of Chicago Public Radio . `` Odyssey moves this format in a new direction by providing a forum for the best minds in fields as diverse as politics , science , culture , philosophy , law , and the arts to engage in insightful conversation . '' Odysseys guests had varied and complementary views and were invited to investigate ideas and issues -- rather than just to debate them . The first part of the program was an in-depth discussion of ideas that influence the world in which we live . Towards the end of each show , listeners were invited to call in and join the conversation . Barack Obama made at least three appearances on the show engaging in deep , non-political , discussions of public policy for the duration of the program . The theme music for the show was written by little-known Chicago band OK Go , who later went on to wider fame . Helfrich and other radio personalities also appeared in a video for the band . Odyssey ended production on September 30 , 2005 , and the audio is archived at Archive.org . When the show ended , its host Gretchen Helfrich enrolled in the University of Chicago Law School , graduating in 2009 with honors . In 2014 she joined the civil rights law firm of Loevy & Loevy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d041fdc8aa960790a4db6ed799f49c92",
"text": "Genesis Storytime Genesis Storytime was a cable TV channel founded in 1983 in Canada by Art Doerksen and Greg Stetski and distributed to several cable TV systems throughout the USA . It was a 24-hour channel that functioned as a `` electronic storybook '' of sorts , that featured several digitally redrawn children 's books , such as Eric Hill 's Spot the Dog series , and Christian children 's stories as well . It displayed each page of a story on-screen , and would draw each page 's graphics somewhat slowly , due to the technology of the time . There was no sound transmitted with the channel , since Genesis Storytime was meant to be read out loud by a parent reading a story displayed to a child . Some cable TV companies , however , would feed some audio source ( such as a terrestrial or satellite-fed radio station or other audio source received by the cable TV company ) along with the channel in place of its silence . The books were redrawn digitally ( using NAPLPS ) because of the way Genesis Storytime was distributed to the cable TV headends . It relied on decoders originally used for the Canadian NAPLPS-based Telidon videotex system installed at the headend , with the graphical data for the stories to be displayed being fed to the Telidon decoders via a datastream delivered via satellite to the headend from Satellite Syndicated Systems , a company that distributed data for teletext and other services . The data was then decoded and displayed as graphics by the decoder , with the decoder 's video output being fed to a cable TV channel . This meant that Genesis Storytime was distributed on a cable TV system as a regular channel viewable on any regular TV set , without any set-top decoder required . Genesis Storytime 's logo was a red heart in a black box , which would blink in the corner of the screen whenever the next page was about to come up . Although being Canadian in origin , Genesis Storytime was mainly distributed in the USA because of Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission regulations that hindered the distribution of Genesis Storytime in Canada . VSP-7 , a public-access channel in Winnipeg , did air the channel as a 30-minute program on the schedule , ending the program even if a story was not completed . Genesis Storytime later ceased operations . Category : Television channels and stations established in 1983 Category : Defunct Canadian television channels Category : Videotex Category : Reading and literacy television series",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24f0b42e08bac8412b7680fefb112b3d",
"text": "Big Apple Comic Con The Big Apple Comic Con is a New York City comic book convention , the longest-running comic book/science fiction/fantasy/horror / pop culture convention in New York City . It was started by retailer Michael `` Mike Carbo '' Carbonaro in March 1996 in the basement of the Church of St. Paul the Apostle . During its heyday from 2001 -- 2008 , the Big Apple Comic Con often featured multiple shows per year , with a large three-day `` national '' convention held in November , usually held at the Penn Plaza Pavilion . The show was owned by Wizard Entertainment from 2009 to 2013 , but is now back in the hands of Carbonaro . Over the course of its history , the convention has been known as the Big Apple Convention , the Big Apple Comic Book Art , and Toy Show , and the Big Apple Comic Book , Art , Toy & Sci-Fi Expo ; with the November shows known as the National Comic Book , Art , Toy , and Sci-Fi Expo , the National Comic Book , Art , and Sci-Fi Expo , and the National Comic Book , Comic Art , and Fantasy Convention . After the show 's acquisition by Wizard Entertainment , the convention was known as the Wizard World Big Apple Comic Con , and as the Wizard World New York City Experience . In 2014 , the name `` Big Apple Convention '' was revived by Carbonaro for a show scheduled for March 7 , 2015 . Though it primarily focuses on comic books , the convention features a large range of pop culture elements , such as professional wrestling , science fiction/fantasy , film/television , animation , anime , manga , toys , horror , collectible card games , video games , webcomics , and fantasy novels . Along with panels , seminars , and workshops with comic book professionals , the Big Apple Comic Con often features previews of upcoming films , and such evening events as the costume contest overseen by `` Captain Zorikh '' Zorikh Lequidre . The convention features a large floorspace for exhibitors , including comic book dealers and collectibles merchants . The show includes an autograph area , as well as the Artists ' Alley where comics artists can sign autographs and sell or do free sketches . ( Despite the name , Artists ' Alley can include writers and even glamour models . ) In 2009 , Michael Carbonaro established his own independent one-day convention known as the New York Comic Book Marketplace which ran annually through 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7715c6d2158d1664e14b3fe0bf7fe7b7",
"text": "The Simpsons The Simpsons is an American animated sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical depiction of working-class life epitomized by the Simpson family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa , and Maggie . The show is set in the fictional town of Springfield and parodies American culture , society , television , and the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a solicitation for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 . After a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became an early hit for Fox , becoming the network 's first series to land in the Top 30 ratings in a season ( 1989 -- 90 ) . Since its debut on December 17 , 1989 , episodes of The Simpsons have been broadcast . Its 28th season began on September 25 , 2016 . It is the longest-running American sitcom and the longest-running American animated program , and , in 2009 , it surpassed Gunsmoke as the longest-running American scripted primetime television series . The Simpsons Movie , a feature-length film , was released in theaters worldwide on July 27 , 2007 , and grossed over $ 527 million . On November 4 , 2016 , the series was renewed for a twenty-ninth and thirtieth season of 22 episodes each , extending the show to 2019 . The Simpsons received widespread critical acclaim throughout its first nine seasons , which are generally considered its `` Golden Age '' . Time named it the 20th century 's best television series , and Erik Adams of The A.V. Club named it `` television 's crowning achievement regardless of format '' . On January 14 , 2000 , the Simpson family was awarded a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame . It has won dozens of awards since it debuted as a series , including 31 Primetime Emmy Awards , 30 Annie Awards , and a Peabody Award . Homer 's exclamatory catchphrase `` D'oh ! '' has been adopted into the English language , while The Simpsons has influenced many adult-oriented animated sitcoms . Despite this , the show has also been criticized for what many perceive as a decline in quality over the years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "642d98b108445d83b6ac1429095c3a3c",
"text": "Odd Todd Odd Todd is a website owned and operated by Todd Rosenberg , who has created a series of humorous Flash cartoons depicting the world of unemployment , after becoming unemployed himself . Rosenberg 's first cartoon , Laid Off : A Day in the Life , humorously deals with frustration , despair , and boredom of an unemployed man in his 30s , a situation shared by many in the Silicon Valley after the dot com crash . After visitors contributed several thousand dollars through the website 's `` Tip Cup '' link , the New York State Department of Labor attempted to revoke Rosenberg 's unemployment benefits on the grounds that the site constituted a business . In July 2002 , a judge ruled that Rosenberg did not have to return the benefits he had received . His cartoon character was picked up for development at Comedy Central for a half-hour television show but was shelved . His book , The Odd Todd Handbook was published in 2003 by Warner Books . Paramount Pictures purchased `` Odd Todd '' as a live-action movie in 2005 . Rosenberg has been working as a freelance animator . Odd Todd animation has been featured on ABC World News , National Geographic , America 's Test Kitchen and Time.com .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499",
"text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3764e7234bddbc73d71d09c91b8f51e",
"text": "List of The Simpsons video games The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa and Maggie . It is set in the fictional town of Springfield , and lampoons American culture , society and television , and many aspects of the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a pitch for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 and after a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became a hit series for Fox . The growing popularity of the series motivated video game developers to create video games based on the series . Two pinball machines have also been produced ; one self-titled , that was only made available for a limited time after the first season finale ( 1990 ) and The Simpsons Pinball Party ( 2003 ) . Additionally , several handheld device games have been released , such as Bartman : Avenger of Evil ( 1990 ) and Bart Simpson 's Cupcake Crisis ( 1991 ) . Video games based on the series have reached multiple platforms since their debut in 1991 . The Simpsons '' ' first video game release , The Simpsons , developed and published by Konami , saw a release on the Commodore 64 and DOS , while Bart vs. the Space Mutants ( 1991 ) , developed by Imagineering , expanded the franchise into new platforms , including the Amstrad CPC , NES and Master System . Over the next few years , the franchise would continue to expand , releasing system-exclusive games , such as the PC 's Cartoon Studio ( 1996 ) and the PlayStation 's The Simpsons Wrestling ( 2001 ) . The release of The Simpsons Game ( 2007 ) , developed by EA Redwood Shores ( Visceral Games ) , further expanded the franchise , appearing on new platforms including the Wii , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Due to the series ' longevity , The Simpsons video games have also spanned across many genres , such as the puzzle game Krusty 's Fun House ( 1992 ) , the sports game Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness ( 1994 ) and racing game Road Rage ( 2001 ) . The Simpsons is also one of the franchises spotlighted in the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions '' ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7e2c503f901364f706a5c5a81eb236a",
"text": "Stargate fandom Stargate fandom is a community of people actively interested in the military science fiction film Stargate and the television shows Stargate SG-1 ( SG1 ) , Stargate Infinity ( SGI ) , Stargate Atlantis ( SGA ) , Stargate Universe ( SGU ) and their spin offs . The first franchise release , Stargate ( 1994 ) spawned four television series successors , four movies ( two in production ) , a plethora of merchandise , and a massive franchise collectively known as the Stargate ( owned by Metro -- Goldwyn -- Mayer and aired by Syfy , which now owns television properties they previously held with Carolco Pictures ) . Thanks to Stargate fandom , the franchise has spawned other media including books , television series , video games , comic books and audiobooks . These supplements to the film and series trilogies comprise another universe than the series and the film , and have resulted in significant development of the series ' fictional universe . These media kept the franchise going in the interim between the film and series trilogies . In 2008 , Stargate : The Ark of Truth and Continuum was released direct-to-DVD , which in total grossed over 21 million in the United States . In 2002 , the franchise 's first animated series , Stargate Infinity , was released as an introduction to the Expanded Universe . In 2004 , Stargate Atlantis was released as a spin off from Stargate SG-1 and a new Stargate spin-off series entitled Stargate Universe was released in the fall of 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55911d699a372c3a068f18c49f1f527c",
"text": "The Simpsons (season 25) The Simpsons '' ' twenty-fifth season began airing on Fox on September 29 , 2013 and ended on May 18 , 2014 . In this season , Homer sells his Mapple stock to buy a bowling ball ; Marge blames herself and Kiss for Bart 's rebellious streak ( `` Four Regrettings and a Funeral '' ) ; Lisa becomes a cheerleader for Springfield 's football team ; and Homer delivers a baby ( `` Labor Pains '' ) . Guest stars for this season include Judd Apatow , Will Arnett , Anderson Cooper , Harlan Ellison , Zach Galifianakis , Stan Lee , Eva Longoria , Rachel Maddow , Elisabeth Moss , Joe Namath , Daniel Radcliffe , Aaron Sorkin , and Kristen Wiig . This is Al Jean 's 13th consecutive season as showrunner and 15th overall . Matt Groening , James L. Brooks , Matt Selman , and John Frink serve as executive producers . Executive producer Al Jean stated that Edna Krabappel will be retired from the show following the death of Marcia Wallace on October 25 , 2013 . February 2014 held back Simpsons episodes , due to the transmission of the Super Bowl XLVIII in East Rutherford , New Jersey , United States ; the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia ; the 2014 Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach , Florida , US ; and the 86th Academy Awards in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . This season The Simpsons '' won three Primetime Emmy Awards out of four nominations , including an Primetime Emmy Award for Character Voice-Over Performance to Harry Shearer , who was the last member of the main cast to earn the award .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2f0e6893a002e1731a90abe579290aff | The Vietnam War changed nothing politically. | [
{
"docid": "77e3a401b1e94472922c2ea867fc6b7b",
"text": "Paris Peace Accords The Paris Peace Accords , officially titled the Agreement on Ending the War and Restoring Peace in Vietnam , was a peace treaty signed on January 27 , 1973 to establish peace in Vietnam and end the Vietnam War . The treaty included the governments of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( North Vietnam ) , the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) , and the United States , as well as the Provisional Revolutionary Government ( PRG ) that represented indigenous South Vietnamese revolutionaries . It ended direct U.S. military combat , and temporarily stopped the fighting between North and South Vietnam . However , the agreement was not ratified by the United States Senate . The negotiations that led to the accord began in 1968 , after various lengthy delays . As a result of the accord , the International Control Commission ( ICC ) was replaced by the International Commission of Control and Supervision ( ICCS ) to fulfill the agreement . The main negotiators of the agreement were United States National Security Advisor Henry Kissinger and Vietnamese politburo member Lê Đức Thọ ; the two men were awarded the 1973 Nobel Peace Prize for their efforts , although Lê Đức Thọ refused to accept it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13656449889424e2d76c3280565478e3",
"text": "Vietnam War The Vietnam War ( Chiến tranh Việt Nam ) , also known as the Second Indochina War , and known in Vietnam as Resistance War Against America ( Kháng chiến chống Mỹ ) or simply the American War , was a war that occurred in Vietnam , Laos , and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975 . It was the second of the Indochina Wars and was officially fought between North Vietnam and the government of South Vietnam . The North Vietnamese army was supported by the Soviet Union , China and other communist allies and the South Vietnamese army was supported by the United States , South Korea , Australia , Thailand and other anti-communist allies . The war is therefore considered a Cold War-era proxy war . The Viet Cong ( also known as the National Liberation Front , or NLF ) , a South Vietnamese communist common front aided by the North , fought a guerrilla war against anti-communist forces in the region , while the People 's Army of Vietnam , also known as the North Vietnamese Army ( NVA ) , engaged in more conventional warfare , at times committing large units to battle . As the war continued , the military actions of the Viet Cong decreased as the role and engagement of the NVA grew . U.S. and South Vietnamese forces relied on air superiority and overwhelming firepower to conduct search and destroy operations , involving ground forces , artillery , and airstrikes . In the course of the war , the U.S. conducted a large-scale strategic bombing campaign against North Vietnam . The North Vietnamese government and the Viet Cong were fighting to reunify Vietnam . They viewed the conflict as a colonial war and a continuation of the First Indochina War against forces from France and later on the United States . The U.S. government viewed its involvement in the war as a way to prevent a communist takeover of South Vietnam . This was part of the domino theory of a wider containment policy , with the stated aim of stopping the spread of communism worldwide . Beginning in 1950 , American military advisors arrived in what was then French Indochina.The Military Assistance Advisory Group , Indochina ( with an authorized strength of 128 men ) was set up in September 1950 with a mission to oversee the use and distribution of US military equipment by the French and their allies . U.S. involvement escalated in the early 1960s , with troop levels tripling in 1961 and again in 1962 . U.S. involvement escalated further following the 1964 Gulf of Tonkin incident , in which a U.S. destroyer clashed with North Vietnamese fast attack craft , which was followed by the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution , which gave the U.S. president authorization to increase U.S. military presence . Regular U.S. combat units were deployed beginning in 1965 . Operations crossed international borders : bordering areas of Laos and Cambodia were heavily bombed by U.S. forces as American involvement in the war peaked in 1968 , the same year that the communist side launched the Tet Offensive . The Tet Offensive failed in its goal of overthrowing the South Vietnamese government , but became the turning point in the war , as it persuaded a large segment of the U.S. population that its government 's claims of progress toward winning the war were illusory despite many years of massive U.S. military aid to South Vietnam . Gradual withdrawal of U.S. ground forces began as part of `` Vietnamization '' , which aimed to end American involvement in the war while transferring the task of fighting the communists to the South Vietnamese themselves . Despite the Paris Peace Accord , which was signed by all parties in January 1973 , the fighting continued . In the U.S. and the Western world , a large anti-Vietnam War movement developed as part of a larger counterculture . The war changed the dynamics between the Eastern and Western Blocs , and altered North -- South relations . Direct U.S. military involvement ended on 15 August 1973 . The capture of Saigon by the North Vietnamese Army in April 1975 marked the end of the war , and North and South Vietnam were reunified the following year . The war exacted a huge human cost in terms of fatalities ( see Vietnam War casualties ) . Estimates of the number of Vietnamese soldiers and civilians killed vary from 966,000 to 3.8 million . Some 240,000 -- 300,000 Cambodians , 20,000 -- 62,000 Laotians , and 58,220 U.S. service members also died in the conflict , and a further 1,626 remain missing in action .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "103e88b332091698f04224052264cdf3",
"text": "Non-Aligned Movement The Non-Aligned Movement ( NAM ) is a group of states that are not formally aligned with or against any major power bloc . , the movement has 120 members . The purpose of the organization has been enumerated as to ensure `` the national independence , sovereignty , territorial integrity and security of non-aligned countries '' in their `` struggle against imperialism , colonialism , neo-colonialism , racism , and all forms of foreign aggression , occupation , domination , interference or hegemony as well as against great power and bloc politics , '' by Fidel Castro in the Havana Declaration of 1979 . The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the United Nations ' members and contain 55 % of the world population . Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World . Although many of the Non-Aligned Movement 's members were actually quite closely aligned with one or another of the superpowers , the movement still maintained cohesion throughout the Cold War , even despite several conflicts between members which also threatened the movement . In the years since the Cold War 's end , it has focused on developing multilateral ties and connections as well as unity among the developing nations of the world , especially those within the Global South .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7a543f0516c9c5a84ec92349713cb74",
"text": "The Gamble (book) The Gamble : General David Petraeus and the American Military Adventure in Iraq , 2006-2008 is a 2009 book by journalist Thomas E. Ricks about the Iraq War . It covers the 2006-2008 period where his last book Fiasco left off . A primary focus is the Iraq War troop surge of 2007 , along with the ascension to command of Gen. David Petraeus and the change in approach of Gen. Ray Odierno towards the use of counter-insurgency strategies . Ricks believes that the troop surge was successful in reducing violence in Iraq and `` reviv -LSB- ing -RSB- American prospects in the war , '' but that it was a failure based on its initial goal of bringing about a political reconciliation in Iraq . Ricks states in the first chapter of the book ( page 8 ) : In revisiting the U.S. approach to the Iraq war , Petraeus found tactical success -- that is , improved security -- but not the clear political breakthrough that would have meant unambiguous strategic success . At the end of the surge , the fundamental political problems facing Iraq were the same ones as when it began . At the end of 2008 , two years into the revamped war , there was no prospect of the fighting ending anytime soon . But it was almost certain that whenever it did end , it would n't be with the victory that the Bush administration continued to describe , of an Iraq that was both a stable democracy and an ally of the United States . Nor was that really the goal anymore , though no one had said so publicly . Under Petraeus , the American goal of transforming Iraq had quietly been scaled down . But even his less ambitious target of sustainable security would remain elusive , with no certainty of reaching it anytime soon . Ricks also predicted that the US will have combat troops in Iraq until at least 2015 , . The last combat troops left with the war 's end in December 2011 , only to return three years later during the American-led intervention in Iraq ( 2014 -- present ) . Ricks appeared to promote the book on The Daily Show with Jon Stewart on 10 February , 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7417891f9830abf7495ce18e204dad8",
"text": "Ronald Humphrey Ronald Humphrey was a United States Information Agency ( USIA ) official who was convicted of spying for North Vietnam . He and co-conspirator David Truong ( born Truong Dinh Hung ) , the son of a South Vietnamese politician Truong Nhu Tang , were arrested in 1977 and charged with conspiracy , espionage , theft of classified information and failing to register as foreign agents . They were convicted of spying for the North Vietnamese and both given a 15-year prison sentence . Truong was a South Vietnamese expatriate living in the United States and who as active in the anti-Vietnam War movement . His father had run against Nguyen Van Thieu on a peace platform and was a member of the anti-Thieu Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam . Supplied with information by Humphrey , Truong passed on diplomatic cables and classified information to North Vietnam and the successor Socialist Republic of Vietnam government . The intermediary was the wife of a naval attache , Yung Krall , codenamed `` Agent Keyseat '' , who was a double agent for the U.S. intelligence services . Some of the documents were used by the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong negotiators at the Paris Peace Conference . It is the only case of military espionage to come out of the Vietnam War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "410255e2d346da4558b73f4ba1da2a09",
"text": "Rice production in Vietnam Rice production in Vietnam in the Mekong and Red River deltas is important to the food supply in the country and national economy . Vietnam is one of world 's richest agricultural regions and is the second-largest ( after Thailand ) exporter worldwide and the world 's seventh-largest consumer of rice . The Mekong Delta is the heart of the rice producing region of the country where water , boats , houses and markets coexist to produce a generous harvest of rice . Vietnam 's land area of 33 million ha has three ecosystems that dictate rice culture . These are the southern delta ( with its Mekong Delta dominating rice coverage ) , the northern delta ( the tropical monsoon area with cold winters ) and the highlands of the north ( with upland rice varieties ) . The most prominent irrigated rice system is the Mekong Delta . Rice is a staple of the national diet and is seen as a `` gift from God '' . The Mekong River and its tributaries are crucial to rice production in Vietnam . A total of 12 provinces constitute the Mekong Delta , popularly known as the `` Rice Bowl '' of Vietnam , which contain some 17 million people and 80 % of them are engaged in rice cultivation . The delta produced bountiful harvest of about 20 million tons in 2008 , about a half of the country 's total production . The rice bowl has assured food security to its population whose 75 % of daily calories are met by rice , which is also the staple diet of nearly 50 % of world 's population of 7.4-billion people . Within the delta system dominated by rice , now the farming system also includes activities related to aquaculture , rearing of animals , cash crops and fruit trees . Under aquaculture fresh and saline water shrimp are raised within the paddy rice fields . As a further environmental zoning of the delta , mangrove forests are also developed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "219a3baea59bd419e05c735bfdb2273e",
"text": "Reunification Day Reunification Day ( Ngày Thống nhất ) , Victory Day ( Ngày Chiến thắng ) or Liberation Day ( Ngày Giải phóng or Ngày Giải phóng miền Nam ) or the official name of Day of liberating the South for national reunification ( Giải phóng miền Nam , thống nhất đất nước ) is a public holiday in Vietnam that marks the event when Viet Cong and North Vietnamese troops captured Saigon ( now Ho Chi Minh City ) on April 30 , 1975 . This signalled the end of the Vietnam War , known in Vietnamese as Chiến tranh Việt Nam ( Vietnam War ) or Kháng chiến chống Mỹ cứu nước ( `` Resistance War Against American invasion '' ) . It was the start of the transition period toward reunification , which occurred in the national election for national reunification on July 2 , 1976 , when the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam and Democratic Republic of Vietnam merged to form the modern-day Vietnam or the Socialist Republic of Vietnam . The anniversary is marked by several festivals around the date . Sections of the Vietnamese exile community remember it as the `` Fall of Saigon '' , `` Black April '' ( Tháng Tư Đen ) , National Day of Shame ( Ngày Quốc Nhục ) or National Day of Resentment ( Ngày Quốc Hận ) . This is a commemorative day for exiled Vietnamese who served , were affected , and displaced in those overseas communities , and as such is a day of reflection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6caf26b52af49cb8f0b56b6e2aa0543",
"text": "John Kerry military service controversy During John Kerry 's candidacy in the 2004 U.S. presidential campaign , a political issue that gained widespread public attention was Kerry 's Vietnam War record . In television advertisements and a book called Unfit for Command , co-authored by John O'Neill and Jerome Corsi , the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth ( SBVT ) , a 527 group later known as the Swift Vets and POWs for Truth , questioned details of his military service record and circumstances relating to the award of his combat medals . Their campaign against Kerry 's presidential bid received widespread publicity , but was later discredited and gave rise to the neologism `` swiftboating '' , to describe an unfair or untrue political attack . Defenders of John Kerry 's service record , including nearly all of his former crewmates , have stated that SBVT 's allegations are false .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "532e86792e6238411b4533d36f49d6cb",
"text": "1950s The 1950s ( pronounced nineteen-fifties ; commonly abbreviated as the 50s or Fifties ) was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1 , 1950 , and ended on December 31 , 1959 . By its end , the world had largely recovered from World War II and the Cold War developed from its modest beginning in the late-1940s to a hot competition between the United States and the Soviet Union by the early-1960s . Clashes between communism and capitalism dominated the decade , especially in the Northern Hemisphere . The conflicts included the Korean War in the beginnings of the decade and the beginning of the Space Race with the launch of Sputnik 1 . Along with increased testing of nuclear weapons ( such as RDS-37 and Upshot -- Knothole ) , this created a politically conservative climate . In the United States , the Second Red Scare caused Congressional hearings by both houses in Congress and anti-communism was the prevailing sentiment in the United States throughout the decade . The beginning of decolonization in Africa and Asia took place in this decade and accelerated in the following decade .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ccb170288eb73f1282f93e39a893915",
"text": "China–Vietnam relations The bilateral relations between the People 's Republic of China and the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( 中越关系 , Quan hệ Trung Quốc -- Việt Nam ) have been turbulent , despite their common socialist background . Centuries of conquest by modern China 's imperial predecessor have given Vietnam an entrenched suspicion of Chinese attempts to dominate it . Though the PRC assisted North Vietnam during the Vietnam War , relations between the two nations soured following Vietnam 's reunification in 1975 . China and Vietnam fought a prolonged border war from 1979 to 1990 , but have since worked to improve their diplomatic and economic ties . However , the two countries remain in dispute over territorial issues in the South China Sea . A 2014 survey conducted by the Pew Research Center showed 84 % of Vietnamese were concerned that territorial disputes between China and neighbouring countries could lead to a military conflict . Once , Vietnam had a territorial control even to the territory of modern-day Guangxi and Guangdong , due to historical wars with China , the border between China and Vietnam has been defined like today .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "229b917d44e55e16bb8e3745b6f0d5cc",
"text": "Tĩnh Hải quân Tĩnh Hải quân or the Jinghai regiments ( Chinese : 靜海軍 , pinyin : Jìnghǎi-jūn ) was the name of Viet Nam from 866 to 968 . It was the reconstituted Chinese military protectorate of Annam in northern Vietnam during the Third Chinese domination of Vietnam . The area of the commandery is sometimes referred to as `` Circuit '' ( 道 dao ) in Jinghai the term Jinghai-jun was used . This was the fifth section of the third domination commencing with Giao Châu ( or Jiaozhou , 602 -- 679 ) , then An Nam ( or Annam , 679 -- 757 ) , Trấn Nam ( 757 -- 766 ) , An Nam again ( 766 -- 866 ) and then Tĩnh Hải quân ( or Jinghai-jun , 866 -- 967 ) . During the period until 939 , Vietnam was governed by jiedushi , including finally the three generations of the Khuc family who briefly asserted autonomy from China . With the proclamation of independence by Ngo Quyen , this name was retain throughout the Ngo Dynasty and the Anarchy of the 12 Warlords . In 968 , Dinh Bo Linh vanquished the warlords and renamed the country as Đại Cồ Việt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "315b7e3bc8daf8d7b0962391e55bee57",
"text": "New wars New wars is a term advanced by British academic Mary Kaldor to characterize warfare in the post-Cold War era . This form of warfare is characterized by : violence between varying combinations of state and non-state networks fighting in the name of identity politics as opposed to ideology attempts to achieve political , rather than physical , control of the population through fear and terror conflict financed not necessarily through the state , but through other predatory means that seek the continuation of violence Other terms used for the concept include `` wars among the people '' , `` wars of the third kind '' , `` hybrid wars '' , `` privatized wars '' , and `` post-modern wars '' . The new wars thesis has been adopted and adapted by other authors , as well as critiqued from various perspectives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f18ee042cec16e1e356df6b65f6f5f81",
"text": "History of the Loss of Vietnam History of the Loss of Vietnam ( , Việt Nam vong quốc sử ) was a Chinese-language book written by Phan Bội Châu , the leading Vietnamese anti-colonial revolutionary of the early 20th century , in 1905 while he was in Japan . It was published by Liang Chi Chao , a leading Chinese nationalist revolutionary scholar then in Japan , who assisted Chau during his time attempting to drum up support for Vietnamese independence in China . The book was intended for distribution mainly in China and abroad , but also for smuggling into Vietnam to rally people to the cause of Vietnamese independence . The book helped popularize the word `` Vietnam . '' At the time , the country was generally called `` Annam . '' The book negatively assessed the response of the Nguyen dynasty in the 19th century to the colonial challenges facing Vietnam and the failure to modernise , with the Nguyễn instead turning to ultra-orthodox conservative Confucianism . The book presents strident and emotive memorials to the key figures of the Cần Vương ( Protect the King ) movement of the late 1880s and early 1890s , led by mandarins such as Tôn Thất Thuyết and Phan Dinh Phung , who led guerrillas against the French . The Cần Vương attempted to overthrow the French rule and establish the boy emperor Hàm Nghi as ruler of an independent Vietnam . History analyzed French social and economic policies in Vietnam , which it regards as oppression . In the book , Chau argues for the establishment of a nationwide pro-independence front with seven factions or interested groups with a specific motivation to fight the French colonial authorities . The book was written in a style that differed from the prevailing writing technique and structure of the scholar gentry of the time . Chau eschewed this traditional style to write in a direct , ordinary prose style , especially in his analytical and argumentative sections . The book was distributed in China at least five times , and the first two printings were incorporated into Liang 's periodical magazine Hsin-min ts ` ung-pao . The book was accompanied by a foreword by Liang , which was used to draw similarities between the situation facing Vietnam and China with respect to foreign domination . The book created a reaction in China , sparking follow-up essays by Chinese writers who were taken aback by the Chau 's description of the life that faced Vietnamese people under French rule . It generated gloomy pieces by Chinese writers who predicted that their nation would suffer a similar fate if they failed to modernise . One such Chinese response later became a teaching text at the Tonkin Free School in Hanoi , a school run by Chau 's contemporaries to promote the independence movement . However , Chau did not receive much of a reaction in terms of aid towards his independence efforts , since the book mainly had the effect of worrying Chinese about their own future . History had a much better reception among readers in Vietnam . Chau left Japan for the first time in August 1905 , carrying fifty copies of the book that were distributed throughout Vietnam , of which further copies were made inside the country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72629686a09c3e738a831ef13e39956a",
"text": "Un-American Un-American is a pejorative term of U.S. political discourse which is applied to ideas , people or institutions in the United States seen as deviating from what are widely perceived to be fundamental American cultural and political values . The most famous use is in the title of the House Un-American Activities Committee which was started to investigate alleged disloyalty and subversive activities on the part of private citizens , public employees , and those organizations suspected of having Communist ties . By 1959 , former President Harry S. Truman had denounced the Committee as the `` most un-American thing in the country today '' . The Committee lost considerable prestige as the 1960s progressed , and it was abolished by the House of Representatives in 1975 . The use and meaning of the term is by no means uniform in the US . Due in part to these historical associations with political abuses and jingoism , the attitudes of Americans toward the pejorative use of `` Un-American '' are often critical or suspicious . Moreover , Americans may vary widely in what they believe to be un-American .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ede30d1efb8d0919e7f86eac899f8ae",
"text": "Vietnam Veterans of America Vietnam Veterans of America , Inc. ( VVA ) is a national non-profit corporation founded in 1978 in the United States that is committed to serving the needs of all veterans . It is funded without any contribution from any branch of government . VVA is the only such organization chartered by the United States Congress and dedicated to Vietnam veterans and their families . The group holds a congressional charter under Title 36 of the United States Code . Its founding principle is `` Never again will one generation of veterans abandon another . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7348b10a2a046a6b19c164a79d5639a",
"text": "Swift Vets and POWs for Truth Swift Vets and POWs for Truth , formerly known as the Swift Boat Veterans for Truth ( SBVT ) , was a political group ( 527 group ) of United States Swift boat veterans and former prisoners of war of the Vietnam War , formed during the 2004 presidential election campaign for the purpose of opposing John Kerry 's candidacy for the presidency . The campaign inspired the widely used political pejorative `` swiftboating '' , to describe an unfair or untrue political attack . The group disbanded and ceased operations on May 31 , 2008 . SBVT asserted that Kerry was `` unfit to serve '' as President based upon his alleged `` willful distortion of the conduct '' of American servicemen during that war , and his alleged `` withholding and/or distortion of material facts '' as to his own conduct during that war . SBVT stated that `` Kerry 's phony war crimes charges , his exaggerated claims about his own service in Vietnam , and his deliberate misrepresentation of the nature and effectiveness of Swift boat operations compel us to step forward . '' The group challenged the legitimacy of each of the combat medals awarded to Kerry by the U.S. Navy and the disposition of his discharge . ( See John Kerry military service controversy . ) Further , SBVT said that Kerry 's later criticism of the war was a `` betrayal of trust '' with other soldiers , and that by his activism he had caused direct `` harm '' to soldiers still at war . These claims caused tremendous controversy during the election , particularly because most of the organization 's members had not been in a place to assess Kerry , while most of the Vietnam veterans who had served with him supported Kerry 's version of events . Registered under Section 527 of the Internal Revenue Code , SBVT publicized its criticisms of Kerry during the election campaign in a book , in television advertisements that the group ran in swing states and in the media coverage some members received . The group was the subject of several complaints to the Federal Election Commission ( FEC ) . After the election , the group was credited by media and praised by conservatives as contributing to Kerry 's defeat . The group 's tactics are considered an example of a successful political smear campaign for its widely publicized and later discredited claims .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02041f749a763ce546e60b0cfb79dce2",
"text": "Battle of Dak To The Battle of Đắk Tô was a series of major engagements of the Vietnam War that took place between November 3 to 23 , 1967 , in Kon Tum Province , in the Central Highlands of the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) . The action at Đắk Tô was one of a series of People 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) offensive initiatives that began during the second half of the year . North Vietnamese attacks at Lộc Ninh ( in Bình Long Province ) , Song Be ( in Phước Long Province ) , and at Con Thien and Khe Sanh , ( in Quảng Trị Province ) , were other actions which , combined with Đắk Tô , became known as `` the border battles . '' The objective of the PAVN forces was to distract American and South Vietnamese forces away from cities towards the borders in preparation for the Tet Offensive . During the summer of 1967 , heavy contact with PAVN forces in the area prompted the launching of Operation Greeley , a combined search and destroy effort by elements of the U.S. Army 's 4th Infantry Division and 173rd Airborne Brigade , along with the Army of the Republic of Vietnam 's 42nd Infantry Regiment and Airborne units . The fighting was intense and lasted into the fall , when the North Vietnamese seemingly withdrew . By late October , however , U.S. intelligence indicated that local communist units had been reinforced and combined into the 1st PAVN Division , which was tasked with the capture of Đắk Tô and the destruction of a brigade-size U.S. unit . Information provided by a PAVN defector provided the allies a good indication of the locations of North Vietnamese forces . This intelligence prompted the launching of Operation MacArthur , and brought the units back to the area along with more reinforcements from the ARVN Airborne Division . The battles that erupted on the hill masses south and southeast of Đắk Tô became some of the hardest-fought and bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7033c64f2ec70c8b880ba9f57f68bf6e",
"text": "Ho Chi Minh trail The Hồ Chí Minh trail ( also known in Vietnam as the `` Trường Sơn trail '' ) was a logistical system that ran from the Democratic Republic of Vietnam ( North Vietnam ) to the Republic of Vietnam ( South Vietnam ) through the kingdoms of Laos and Cambodia . The system provided support , in the form of manpower and materiel , to the National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam ( called the Vietcong or `` VC '' by its opponents ) and the People 's Army of Vietnam ( PAVN ) , or North Vietnamese Army , during the Vietnam War . It was named by the Americans after North Vietnamese president Hồ Chí Minh . Although the trail was mostly in Laos , the communists called it the Trường Sơn Strategic Supply Route ( Đường Trường Sơn ) , after the Vietnamese name for the Annamite Range mountains in central Vietnam . According to the United States National Security Agency 's official history of the war , the Trail system was `` one of the great achievements of military engineering of the 20th century . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b05834b470f99a49e0742572a9cf2d3",
"text": "Deterring Democracy Deterring Democracy is a book published in 1991 by Noam Chomsky , which explores the differences between the humanitarian rhetoric and imperialistic reality of United States foreign policy and how it affects various countries around the world . In the book , Chomsky explores the idea that the US is the only remaining world superpower that works to maintain its dominance , even ruthlessly employing violence such as outright invasions and overthrowing governments pursuing independent economic policies . He also discusses the large difference between public opinion on the Cold War , establishment American educated opinion and reality . The book also contains criticism aimed at the Soviet Union and other communist states , but its major point centres on the fact that although the United States claimed to support freedom in the Cold War , it still supported authoritarian regimes . The conclusion that Chomsky comes to is that , despite U.S claims of supporting freedom , their actual aim was maintaining dominance over resources and geopolitical power .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e046caa9787d215cd9d280f147b38ef6",
"text": "General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam ( Tổng Bí thư Ban Chấp hành Trung ương Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam ) , known as First Secretary ( Bí thư Thứ nhất ) from 1951 to 1976 , is the highest office within the Communist Party of Vietnam . The General Secretaryship was the second-highest office within the party when Hô Chí Minh was Chairman , a post which existed from 1951 to 1969 . The general secretary is also the Secretary of the Central Military Commission , the leading Party organ on military affairs . For a period in its history , the position of general secretary has been synonymous with leader of Vietnam . The current general secretary is Nguyễn Phú Trọng , and he is ranked first in the Political Bureau . Trần Phú , one of the founding members of the Indochinese Communist Party , was the party 's first general secretary . A year after being elected , he was sentenced to prison by the French authorities because of anti-French activities . He died in prison the same year . Trần 's de facto successor was Lê Hồng Phong who led the party through the office of General Secretary of the Overseas Executive Committee ( OEC ) . The OEC general secretary led the party because the Central Committee had been all but annihilated . Hà Huy Tập , the third general secretary , was removed from his post in March 1938 , and was arrested by the authorities in May . Nguyễn Văn Cừ , the fourth general secretary , was arrested by the authorities in June 1940 , and executed by shooting on 25 May 1941 . He was succeeded by Trường Chinh in May 1941 . An article in Nhân Dân on 25 March 1951 described Trường 's role as the `` builder and commander '' of the revolution , while Hô Chí Minh was referred to as `` the soul of the Vietnamese revolution and the VIetnamese resistance '' . Trường was demoted as First Secretary in 1956 because of his role in the `` bloody Land Reform campaign '' . Hô took over the office of First Secretary , but quickly appointed Lê Duẩn acting First Secretary . Lê was elected general secretary in 1960 , and was the second only to Hô until the latter 's death on 2 September 1969 . From 2 September 1969 until his death on 10 July 1986 , Lê was the undisputed leader of Vietnam . He died two months before the next National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Trường , the former general secretary who had served as the second-most powerful politician in Vietnam since Hô 's death . Trường was demoted from his post at the 6th National Party Congress , and was succeeded by Nguyễn Văn Linh . The Western press called Linh `` Vietnam 's Gorbachev '' because of his reformist policies . Linh resigned because of bad health in 1991 , and Đỗ Mười was appointed to the general secretaryship by the 7th National Congress . Mười ruled until 1997 , when he was ousted from power by the reformist-wing of the party . Lê Khả Phiêu was Mười 's successor , and he was elected as a compromise candidate . Phiêu was ousted in 2001 , before the 10th National Party Congress , when the Central Committee overturned a decision of the Politburo ; a majority in the Central Committee voted to remove Phiêu as general secretary . Nông Đức Mạnh succeeded Phiêu , and Manh came to be considered a moderniser . Manh was also the first general secretary with a university degree . Manh retired in 2011 , and Nguyễn Phú Trọng succeeded him , and he now is considered the most powerful political figure in Vietnam . The General Secretary presides over the work of the Central Committee , the Political Bureau , the Secretariat , and chairs meetings with key leaders ( Working Regulation of the Central Committee , 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8380fa71bb0b364b6d843878cd0e3ccd",
"text": "Dirty War (Mexico) The Dirty War ( Guerra Sucia ) refers to the Mexican theater of the Cold War , an internal conflict between the Mexican PRI-ruled government , backed by the US , and left-wing student and guerrilla groups in the 1960s and 1970s under the presidencies of Luis Echeverría and José López Portillo . During the war , government forces carried out disappearances , estimated at 1,200 , systematic torture , and `` probable extrajudicial executions '' . In Mexico the dirty war is a subject little known by the bulk of the population , this because the PRI has hidden or eliminated the information and was not written in the history books . The judicial investigation into State crimes against political movements was opened only until Vicente Fox 's term ( 2000-2006 ) , which created the Special Prosecutor 's Office for Social and Political Movements of the Past ( FEMOSPP ) . However , despite the fact that it has advanced in the knowledge of the historical facts , the FEMOSPP has not been able to arrive at finalize concrete legal responsibilities against which they have been indicated like main people in charge of the dirty war .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6deec7b2119d488983ec4d17a20ad5d5",
"text": "Ba Cụt Lê Quang Vinh ( 1923 -- 13 July 1956 ) , popularly known as Ba Cụt ( -LSB- ɓāː kût -RSB- ) was a military commander of the Hòa Hảo religious sect , which operated from the Mekong Delta and controlled various parts of southern Vietnam during the 1940s and early 1950s . Ba Cụt and his forces fought the Vietnamese National Army ( VNA ) , the Việt Minh , and the Cao Đài religious movement from 1943 until his capture in 1956 . Known for his idiosyncrasies , he was regarded as an erratic and cruel leader who fought with little ideological purpose . His sobriquet came from the self-amputation of his left index finger ( although it was erroneously reported that it was his middle or `` third cut finger '' ) . He later swore not to cut his hair until the communist Việt Minh were defeated . Ba Cụt frequently made alliances with various Vietnamese factions and the French . He invariably accepted the material support offered in return for his cooperation , and then broke the agreement -- nevertheless , the French made deals with him on five occasions . The French position was weak because their military forces had been depleted by World War II , and they had great difficulty in re-establishing control over French Indochina , which had been left with a power vacuum after the defeat of Japan . In mid-1955 , the tide turned against the various sects , as Prime Minister Ngô Đình Diệm of the State of Vietnam and his VNA began to consolidate their grip on the south . Ba Cụt and his allies were driven into the jungle , and their position was threatened by government offensives . After almost a year of fighting , Ba Cụt was captured . He was sentenced to death and publicly beheaded in Cần Thơ .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
14cb68a1733b9f11f85f1c0ae2520d3a | Dwyane Wade has only played alone. | [
{
"docid": "fdc49377041cb0e517a8d36f93a5e5bd",
"text": "Dwyane Wade Dwyane Tyrone Wade Jr. ( -LSB- dweɪn -RSB- ; born January 17 , 1982 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Chicago Bulls of the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . He has established himself as one of the most well-known and popular players in the league . Wade had the top-selling jersey in the NBA for nearly two years , leading the league in jersey sales from the 2005 NBA Playoffs , until the midpoint of the 2006 -- 07 season . After a successful college career at Marquette , Wade was drafted fifth overall in the 2003 NBA draft by the Miami Heat . He was named to the All-Rookie team and the All-Star team the following twelve seasons . In his third season , Wade led the Heat to their first NBA championship in franchise history and was named the 2006 NBA Finals MVP . At the 2008 Summer Olympics , Wade led the United States men 's basketball team , commonly known as the `` Redeem Team '' , in scoring , and helped them capture gold medal honors in Beijing , China . In the 2008 -- 09 season , Wade led the league in scoring and earned his first NBA scoring title . With LeBron James and Chris Bosh , Wade guided Miami to four consecutive NBA Finals from 2011 to 2014 , winning back-to-back championships in 2012 and 2013 . In 2016 , Wade departed the Heat in free agency to play for the Chicago Bulls .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a9bdb0d54d73e3ced82b49ab59d691c5",
"text": "NBA Live 96 NBA Live 96 is the second installment of the NBA Live video games series . The PC and PlayStation covers features Shaquille O'Neal of the Orlando Magic , while the Super Nintendo Entertainment System and Sega Genesis box covers show a photo of the tip-off to Game 1 of the 1995 NBA Finals . The game was published by EA Sports and released on November 30 , 1995 . The PlayStation and PC versions were the first games in the series to feature a 3D rendered court , allowing for multiple camera angles using EA 's `` Virtual Stadium '' technology ( also used by FIFA Soccer 96 ) . The on-court player graphics remained 2D sprites . It was also the first NBA Live game released for the PlayStation . NBA Live 96 is followed by NBA Live 97 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcd11ebb3c6d02efd401cbc9d9326b1e",
"text": "J. C. Snead Jesse Carlyle `` J. C. '' Snead ( born October 14 , 1940 ) is an American professional golfer who has won numerous tournaments on both the PGA Tour and Champions Tour . Snead is the nephew of the legendary Sam Snead . Snead , who preferred if people called him by his middle name Carlyle , was born in Hot Springs , Virginia . He attended East Tennessee State University in Johnson City , Tennessee , where he was a member of Sigma Phi Epsilon fraternity . He played pro baseball in the Washington Senators farm system before becoming a professional golfer in 1964 . He joined the PGA Tour in 1968 . Snead won eight tournaments on the PGA Tour , four on the Champions Tour , and one in international competition . He was a member of the 1971 , 1973 and 1975 Ryder Cup teams . Snead 's biggest career disappointment is that he never won a major championship on the PGA Tour ; however , Snead made his career mark as one of the tour 's most consistent players with more than 7 million dollars in career earnings . Snead recorded two runner-up finishes in majors . He finished 2nd at 1973 Masters Tournament and in a tie for 2nd at the 1978 U.S. Open . In 2003 , Snead was inducted into the Virginia Sports Hall of Fame . In his free time Snead enjoys hunting and farming . He has one son , Jason , who was born in 1978 . He currently resides in Hobe Sound , Florida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd238805e74f5469e408397964033097",
"text": "1998–99 Miami Heat season The 1998 -- 99 NBA season was the 11th season for the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association . During the offseason , the Heat signed free agents Terry Porter and Clarence Weatherspoon . In the shortened NBA season , the Heat won 18 of their first 23 games , despite Jamal Mashburn playing just 24 games due to a knee injury , and Voshon Lenard missing 38 games with a broken leg . Miami finished with a 33 -- 17 win-loss record , which earned them the # 1 seed in the Eastern Conference . Alonzo Mourning was named Defensive Player of the Year , and finished second in MVP voting behind Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz . In the playoffs , the Heat faced the New York Knicks for the third consecutive time . The 8th-seeded Knicks defeated the Heat in the Eastern Conference First round , with Allan Houston of New York hitting a buzzer-beater basket in the winner-take-all Game 5 , which prevailed the Knicks over Miami , 78 -- 77 . This was also their final full season playing at the Miami Arena . Following the season , Porter signed as a free agent with the San Antonio Spurs , and longtime Heat forward Keith Askins retired .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd6b1f9dd2b5b596f60116130a542a82",
"text": "Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup . The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup . Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 . The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles . A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event . A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year . Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f3b08aac540fbcfe47b7c5fee3bee9a",
"text": "Rod Grizzard Roderick DeWyane Grizzard ( born June 13 , 1980 ) is an American professional basketball player . He played college basketball at the University of Alabama . He was selected in the second round of the 2002 NBA Draft by the Washington Wizards . Although he did not get to play a game in the NBA he has played in the NBA D-League for the Mobile Revelers and Huntsville Flight . Grizzard was part of the training camp of the Detroit Pistons in 2003 , and the training camps of the Washington Wizards and Atlanta Hawks in 2002 . He has played with the Westchester Wildfire in the USBL in the summer of 2003 , averaging 8.6 points and 3.2 rebounds in 13 games , and spent the 2002-03 season with the Mobile Revelers in the NBA D-League . Appeared in 49 games , averaging 5.5 points and 2.6 rebounds . He finished collegiate career as Alabama 's 13th leading scorer of all-time , with 1487 points . Ranks fifth all-time in three-point field goals made and seventh in free throw shooting percentage . He played in 100 career games , starting 94 times . As a junior Grizzard averaged 14.1 points and 6.1 rebounds . Rod Started 34 of 35 games . Ranked in the SEC Top 15 in both scoring ( 15th ) and rebounding ( 14th ) . Scored season-high 33 points against Tennessee in the SEC Tournament quarterfinals on Mar. 8 , shooting 13-for-20 from the field including 6-for-10 from three-point range . Recorded a double-double with 15 points and 13 rebounds to go along with seven assists , two blocked shots , and two steals against Alabama A&M on Dec. 21 . He led his team in scoring and rebounding with 16 points and grabbed 12 rebounds at Georgia on Jan. 16 . He earned Third Team All-SEC , All-SEC Tournament , and AP Honorable Mention All-American honors , and was a Wooden Award finalist . As a sophomore , he averaged 17.0 points and 6.1 rebounds . Started all 36 games . Total point total of 611 ranked seventh-best in school history . Ranked second in the SEC in scoring . Scored 20 or more points 15 times and posted four double-doubles . Made the Puerto Rico Holiday Classic All-Tournament Team by scoring 78 points in three games , including a season-high 29 points against Northern Iowa on Dec. 20 . Tallied 27 points against Mississippi State on Jan. 13 . Notched a 25-point , 11 rebound double-double against Kentucky on Jan. 23 . Was named to the All-SEC First Team . In the 07/08 season in the NBL for the Singapore Slingers is averaging in the top 20 steals in the league , top 20 blocks , top 20 fouls , top 10 defensive rebounds , top 20 total rebounds and is in the top 20 in scoring averaging 19.6 ppg . After the end of 07/08 season in the NBL , he signed for the remainder of the season with Bnei Herzliya in Israel . Rod Grizzard signed with the NBL Melbourne Tigers for the 2008 -- 09 NBL season . After being released by the Tigers in late December , Grizzard was quickly snapped up by the Adelaide 36ers who earlier agreed to let go of star import Julius Hodge after pay disputes . Prior to the 2009/2010 season he signed with Maccabi Rishon LeZion from Israel . After returning to Australia and signing with the Sydney Kings for the 2010 -- 11 NBL season , Grizzard was released from the Kings after starting the season 1-4 . For the 2011 NZL NBL season , Grizzard played for the Nelson Giants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1b0e0a8427d9810884d1ac269063aa3",
"text": "Meshach Wade Meshach Wade ( born 23 January 1973 ) is a retired Bermudian football player .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e12548b275a157cd924cd521e58bc5f",
"text": "Slick Watts Donald Earl `` Slick '' Watts ( born July 22 , 1951 ) is an American former basketball player . Watts was not selected by any team in the 1973 NBA draft , but his coach at Xavier University of Louisiana was a cousin of Bill Russell , who was the coach and general manager for the Seattle SuperSonics . Russell gave Watts a tryout , and he signed with the SuperSonics as a free agent . After making the roster for the 1973 -- 74 season as a reserve , he played more frequently the following season and became a starter for the 1975 -- 76 season . That season , he led the NBA in total assists , assists per game , total steals , steals per game , and made NBA All-Defense First-Team . In 1976 , Watts also received the J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award for his outstanding service to the community . Watts ' career declined after 1976 , however , and he retired from the league after six seasons . He played 4 1/2 years with the Sonics , half a season with the New Orleans Jazz , and one season with the Houston Rockets . He picked up the nickname `` Slick '' because he was one of the first players to shave his head , unusual at the time . After his playing career , Watts became a physical education teacher at Dearborn Park elementary school and a basketball coach at Franklin High School in the Seattle area and took up tennis . In 2001 , Watts spent 22 days in a hospital with sarcoidosis , which caused his weight to drop by almost 50 pounds before his condition improved . He ended his post-basketball career teaching physical education for nearly 20 years at Martin Luther King , Jr. . Elementary in Seattle before retiring in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6301cdd8c7f4ab88fd500178f9f5fcbc",
"text": "Vaughn Taylor Vaughn Joseph Taylor ( born March 9 , 1976 ) is an American professional golfer who has played on the PGA Tour and Web.com Tour . Born in Roanoke , Virginia , Taylor was raised in Augusta , Georgia , from infancy . After attending Hephzibah High School , he played golf for Augusta State University where he was an honorable mention All-American his senior season . He continues to reside in the Augusta area with his wife , Leot . Taylor turned professional in 1999 . He played his early years on the Hooters and Nationwide Tours , getting valuable experience before playing his first full year with a PGA Tour card in 2004 . He won four times on the NGA Hooters Tour , and once on the Nationwide Tour at the Knoxville Open . Taylor has three victories to his name on the PGA Tour ; his first two victories coming in consecutive years at the Reno-Tahoe Open , an alternate event , in 2004 and 2005 . His victory in 2004 was one of five wins by rookies that year and came after holing an 11-foot birdie on the first extra hole during a four-man sudden-death playoff . He had also previously had to sink a 14-foot birdie putt on the final hole of regulation play to make the cut . In 2005 , he led the event wire-to-wire and held a six-stroke advantage entering the final round , to claim a comfortable victory by three strokes from Jonathan Kaye . After a year that included a career high six top-10 's , Taylor qualified to play on the U.S. Ryder Cup team for the first time in 2006 . He earned a half point for his team with a record of 0 -- 1 -- 1 . Taylor 's highest world ranking was 37th in 2007 and career high in the FedEx Cup placing was 35th in 2010 . Taylor started the 2015-16 season playing on both the PGA Tour and Web.com Tour , having only past champion status on the PGA Tour after finishing 151st in the FedEx Cup , just a fraction of a point from conditional status . He made two starts on the PGA Tour before making two starts on the Web.com Tour , where he missed the cut in Panama and withdrew due to illness in Colombia . In February 2016 , Taylor won the AT&T Pebble Beach Pro-Am , his first PGA Tour win since August 2005 . He started the week as first alternate , only earning entry after Carl Pettersson withdrew , and had not been fully exempt since 2012 . The win was also Taylor 's first at a non-alternate event and moved him from 447th in the world to 100th .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78a278c05995841a45dc5165150ee47b",
"text": "1994 NBA Finals The 1994 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1993 -- 94 National Basketball Association ( NBA ) season , featuring the Western Conference 's Houston Rockets defeating the Eastern Conference 's New York Knicks . This matchup was Hakeem Olajuwon 's second NBA Finals appearance , his other being in 1986 , where Larry Bird and the Boston Celtics defeated the Houston Rockets four games to two . The series was Patrick Ewing 's first NBA Finals appearance . The Rockets came in with strong determination to win not only the franchise 's first NBA championship , but the city 's first championship in a league that still existed , while the Knicks were looking to add a third NBA championship trophy , as the Knicks ' last trophy came from the 1973 NBA Finals . The Knicks also hoped to impress their new owners Viacom , who had just bought Paramount Communications ( formerly Gulf + Western ) , their longtime owners ( after the series however , Viacom sold the Knicks and the rest of the Madison Square Garden properties ) . The series was hailed as a meeting of the two great centers who had previously played for a championship in college . In 1984 while Olajuwon was with the University of Houston and Ewing was with Georgetown University , Georgetown had beaten Houston 84 -- 75 in the 1984 NCAA Championship game . In this series , however , Olajuwon outperformed Ewing , outscoring him in every game of the series and posting numbers of 26.9 ppg on 50.0 % shooting compared to Ewing 's 18.9 ppg on 36.3 % shooting . However , Ewing set an NBA finals record in the series with a total of 30 blocks , and he tied the single-game record of 8 blocks in Game 5 . Tim Duncan would later set the record for most blocks in a Finals series ( 2003 ) with 32 blocks in six games while Dwight Howard would set the record for most blocked shots in a Finals game with 9 blocked shots in Game 4 of the 2009 Finals while with the Orlando Magic . During the series , the Houston Rockets played seven low-scoring , defensive games against the New York Knicks . After splitting the first two games in Houston , the Knicks won two out of three games at Madison Square Garden , which also hosted the Rangers first Stanley Cup celebration in 54 years during the series . In Game 6 , however , Rockets center Hakeem Olajuwon blocked a last-second championship-winning shot attempt by John Starks , giving the Rockets an 86 -- 84 victory and forcing a Game 7 , which made Knicks Coach Pat Riley the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach in a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having been with the Los Angeles Lakers in and . In addition , the Knicks set a record for most playoff games played in one season , with 25 . The Detroit Pistons tied this record in . The Boston Celtics , coached by Doc Rivers , would surpass it during their championship season of 2008 when they played 26 . The Rockets beat the Knicks in Game 7 , 90 -- 84 , enabling the city of Houston to not only celebrate its first NBA and fifth professional sports championship ( first in an existing league ) , but also deny New York from having both NBA and NHL championships in the same year ( Chicago had suffered this fate in 1992 , with the Bulls winning their second NBA championship and the Blackhawks losing in the Stanley Cup Finals ) . For his efforts Olajuwon was named NBA Finals Most Valuable Player . For the Knicks , Riley had the unfortunate distinction of having become the first ( and to this date , the only ) coach to lose a Game 7 NBA Finals on two different teams , having lost to the Celtics in 1984 . It also denied him the distinction of being the first coach to win a Game 7 NBA Finals with two different teams , having defeated the Detroit Pistons in 1988 . NBC Sports used Ahmad Rashād ( Knicks sideline ) and Hannah Storm ( Rockets sideline ) . Hal Douglas narrated the season-ending documentary Clutch City for NBA Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d",
"text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be8580c461dcdf329c74bd319e903ef5",
"text": "Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 Tiger Woods PGA Tour 06 is a golf video game in the PGA Tour series available for PlayStation Portable , PlayStation 2 , Xbox , Xbox 360 , GameCube , Mobile phones , and PC . The game features several types of play , including the development of golfers in a simulated PGA Tour environment . Among other things , the game also features a set of famous courses and players . Also it includes the Stroke Play , Match Play , and Skins Play among other numerous methods of play . It also includes the Four Ball , Best Ball , and Stableford modes of play . By being able to customize golfers and advancing that character through several stages ( from amateur to pro ) the game allows a high level of identification with the character . The virtual ego can be equipped with various pieces of equipment and styled according to the wishes of the player . The custom outfits are licensed and include several brands which are commonly present in professional golf , among others : Nike , Adidas , Callaway , Ping , Taylormade etc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95cf4cbd27cfd5005ff2e44a15073d99",
"text": "North Carolina Open The North Carolina Open is the North Carolina state open golf tournament , open to both amateurs and PGA professionals . It is organized by the Carolinas section of the PGA of America , and both state opens run by the Carolinas section , the North Carolina Open and the South Carolina Open , are the only ones in the United States that prohibit non-PGA professionals from competing . It has been played annually since 1965 at a variety of courses around the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f91a9deb031b34b3fd4b4dbe235b492",
"text": "1994–95 Cleveland Cavaliers season The 1994 -- 95 NBA season was the 25th season of the National Basketball Association for the franchise based in Cleveland , Ohio . This was also the team 's first season playing at the Gund Arena . During the offseason , the Cavaliers signed unrestricted free agent Michael Cage . Despite losing Brad Daugherty and Gerald Wilkins for the entire season , and Mark Price for 34 games due to injuries , the Cavaliers posted an 11-game winning streak in December which led them to a 20 -- 8 start . However , they played below .500 for the remainder of the season , finishing 4th in the Central Division with a 43 -- 39 record . Tyrone Hill was the team 's leading rebounder and was selected for the 1995 NBA All-Star Game . However , the Cavaliers would lose to the New York Knicks 3 -- 1 in the first round of the playoffs . Following the season , Price was traded to the Washington Bullets , Hot Rod Williams was dealt to the Phoenix Suns , and Wilkins left in the 1995 NBA Expansion Draft . For the season the team added black , light blue and orange to their color scheme , as well as new uniforms and a logo , which would remain in use until 2003 . Although , the uniforms were slightly changed in 1997 . Key Dates :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a2489f450d92930a1bd1a90c51f9ecc",
"text": "NCAA Women's Division II Tennis Championship The NCAA Division II Women 's Tennis Championship is the National Collegiate Athletic Association 's tennis tournament to determine the Team Championships , Singles Championships , and Doubles Championships for women 's tennis athletes from Division II institutions . Tennis was one of twelve women 's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981-82 school year , as the NCAA engaged in battle with the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women for sole governance of women 's collegiate sports . The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve ( and other ) sports ; however , after a year of dual women 's championships , the NCAA conquered the AIAW and usurped its authority and membership . From its establishment in 1982 until 1994 , the championship consisted of three championships : singles , doubles , and team . However , the singles and doubles titles were discontinued after 1994 and have not been reestablished . Armstrong State is the most successful program , with eight national titles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7f28d73de0d54669e37d78c5acd52cf",
"text": "1987 PGA Championship The 1987 PGA Championship was the 69th PGA Championship , held August 6 -- 9 at the Champion Course of PGA National Golf Club in Palm Beach Gardens , Florida . In hot and windy conditions , Larry Nelson won his second PGA Championship in a sudden-death playoff over 1977 champion Lanny Wadkins . It was Nelson 's third and final major title . D.A. Weibring , a 54-hole co-leader , shot 76 ( +4 ) and finished a stroke back at even-par 288 . The other co-leader , Mark McCumber , posted 77 and finished in a tie for fifth . Two major champions in contention shot high scores and fell back : Seve Ballesteros ( 78 ) and Raymond Floyd ( 80 ) . In the August heat of Florida , the attendance was low . A record high temperature for the day of 97 F was recorded on Sunday . It was the second major played in Florida , following the PGA Championship in 1971 , played in February at the old PGA National . Through 2016 , this is the last major played in the state . The purse was the last under $ 1 million at the PGA Championship . With the win , Nelson gained an automatic bid to the Ryder Cup team in 1987 , his third , bumping Don Pooley . Nelson 's record in that competition in late September was 0 -- 3 -- 1 , as the U.S. lost the Cup for the first time on home soil . He lost all three pairs matches and halved his singles match . The Champion Course hosted the Ryder Cup in 1983 and the Senior PGA Championship for 19 years ( 1982 -- 2000 ) . Since 2007 , it has been the venue of The Honda Classic on the PGA Tour , played in March .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd90b0a1eff5d739cfbf5b1d8c640032",
"text": "2006–07 Miami Heat season The 2006 -- 07 Miami Heat season was the 19th season of the Miami Heat in the National Basketball Association ( NBA ) . Despite injuries to several players , including Dwyane Wade , the Heat repeated as Southeast division champions . With a record of 44 -- 38 , it was clear that the Heat was not the same team of years past . The Heat ended the season with a four-game playoff sweep to the Chicago Bulls in the first round . Following the season , Gary Payton retired .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78cb1b6aa3cbed6b21679139f25d2185",
"text": "Valley National 8-Ball League Association The Valley National 8-Ball League Association ( VNEA ) is one of the world 's largest amateur pool ( pocket billiards ) leagues . , there are nearly 100,000 individual members in some 1,400 weekly local leagues playing in over 10,000 pool halls , bars and other venues in around 400 different cities , towns and suburbs in 36 U.S. states , and abroad . The organization was founded in the United States in 1979 by equipment manufacturer Valley-Dynamo as the Valley 8-Ball League Association . It was later known as the Valley National 8-Ball Association , a name the league still uses sometimes ( and , the organization still retains the `` VNEA '' acronym in prose and in its logo ) . Despite its name , it is neither national , having leagues in eleven countries , nor limited to the game of eight-ball , as team nine-ball , as well as individual artistic pool and speed pool , are all now VNEA disciplines ( some on a league basis , some only on a tournament basis ) . An annual , week-long VNEA International Pool Championships series ( team , doubles and singles eight-ball , singles artistic pool ) is held in Las Vegas , Nevada . The organization is headquartered in Bay City , Michigan . The president of VNEA 's board of directors is Michael Fowler and its executive director is R. Gregg Elliott .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c4c79f0001780d916311ef549c95b50",
"text": "Wallace Wade William Wallace Wade ( June 15 , 1892 -- October 7 , 1986 ) was an American football player and coach of football , basketball , and baseball . He served as the head football coach at the University of Alabama from 1923 to 1930 and at Duke University from 1931 to 1941 and again from 1946 to 1950 , compiling a career college football record of 171 -- 49 -- 10 . His tenure at Duke was interrupted by military service during World War II . Wade 's Alabama Crimson Tide football teams of 1925 , 1926 , and 1930 have been recognized as national champions , while his 1938 Duke team had an unscored upon regular season , giving up its only points in the final minute of the 1939 Rose Bowl . Wade won a total of ten Southern Conference football titles , four with Alabama and six with the Duke Blue Devils . He coached in five Rose Bowls including the 1942 game , which was relocated from Pasadena , California to Durham , North Carolina after the attack on Pearl Harbor . Wade served as the head basketball and baseball coach at Vanderbilt University for two seasons ( 1921 -- 1923 ) , tallying a mark of 24 -- 16 , while he was an assistant football coach there . He was also the head baseball coach at Vanderbilt from 1922 to 1923 and at Alabama from 1924 to 1927 , amassing a career college baseball record of 87 -- 45 -- 2 . Wade played football at Brown University . After retiring from coaching , Wade served as the commissioner of the Southern Conference from 1951 to 1960 . He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 1955 . Duke 's football stadium was renamed in his honor as Wallace Wade Stadium in 1967 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b14b2920e4401c45831c189eb90b67a9",
"text": "Daily fantasy sports Daily fantasy sports ( DFS ) are a subset of fantasy sport games . As with traditional fantasy sports games , players compete against others by building a team of professional athletes from a particular league or competition while remaining under a salary cap , and earn points based on the actual statistical performance of the players in real-world competitions . Daily fantasy sports are an accelerated variant of traditional fantasy sports that are conducted over short-term periods , such as a week or single day of competition , as opposed to those that are played across an entire season . Daily fantasy sports are typically structured in the form of paid competitions typically referred to as a `` contest '' ; winners receive a share of a pre-determined pot funded by their entry fees . A portion of entry fee payments go to the provider as rake revenue . In the United States , the daily fantasy sports industry is dominated by two competing services : the New York-based FanDuel , and the Boston-based DraftKings . Both companies were established as venture capital-backed startup companies , received funding from investment firms , sports broadcasters , leagues , and team owners , and became known for the aggressive marketing of their services . As of September 2015 , both companies have an estimated value of at least $ 1 billion , and control 95 % of the U.S. DFS market . The two primarily compete against smaller DFS services , such as Fantasy Aces and Yahoo! Sports . The popularity of the daily fantasy format has been credited to its convenience in comparison to season-length games , as well as the focus on major cash prizes in the promotion of these services . Daily fantasy has also been credited with helping to improve television viewership and engagement with sports . Daily fantasy sports have faced notable legal challenges , including disputes over whether DFS constitutes gambling . Politicians and other critics have argued that due to their format , players are essentially making proposition wagers on the varying performance of individual athletes in specific games , and not managing the performance of their selections on a week-to-week basis . Proponents have defended DFS as being a game of skill , as the required familiarity with the players and teams , as well as salary cap management , rewards skilled players . Local laws have varying definitions of gambling games , such as whether a game 's elements of chance are predominant over those or skill , or how much control the player has over the outcome of the game . In the United States , the legality of DFS has been determined on a state-by-state basis based on local gambling laws and other rulings . The federal Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act ( UIEGA ) contains language dictating that fantasy sports are not considered an unlawful wager under the act ; however , the act only prohibits the electronic transfer of funds from unlawful gambling as defined under state laws . A number of state attorneys general have issued opinions concluding that DFS is a form of illegal gambling , while the state of Nevada declared that DFS games must be licensed as a sports pool . The New York State ruling , which resulted from an investigation of DFS services after it was alleged that employees working for DraftKings and FanDuel had used inside information to win cash prizes from each other , spawned retaliatory lawsuits from the companies which alleged that the rulings were the result of a misinterpretation of the nature of their services . The state has since joined other states , such as Massachusetts and Virginia , in choosing to legalize and regulate DFS rather than prohibit it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d68b297e3dc06cdb27b2649771c2052",
"text": "Lorrenzo Wade Lorrenzo Wade ( born November 23 , 1985 ) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Delaware 87ers of the NBA Development League . He is former collegiate basketball player for the Louisville Cardinals and San Diego State Aztecs basketball teams .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
49a61597cab26d4cca442ac61f5e5814 | Warm Leatherette was released by a British-Armenian record label. | [
{
"docid": "2ee231f152c6b811dc8ca3c9ddb2cd9a",
"text": "Warm Leatherette (album) Warm Leatherette is the fourth studio album by Grace Jones , released on 9 May 1980 by Island Records . The album features contributions from the reggae production duo Sly and Robbie and is a departure from Jones ' earlier disco sound , moving towards a new wave-reggae direction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32900285a272a4530bf01410c0049253",
"text": "Island Records Island Records is a British-American record label that operates as a division of Universal Music Group ( UMG ) . It was founded by Chris Blackwell , Graeme Goodall and Leslie Kong in Jamaica in 1959 . Blackwell sold the label to PolyGram in 1989 . Both Island and another label recently acquired by PolyGram , A&M Records , were both at the time the largest independent record labels in history , with Island in particular having exerted a major influence on the progressive UK music scene in the early 1970s . Three Island labels exist in the world : Island UK , Island US , and Island Australia , with the main label operating out of London . Notable artists on the UK roster include Ariana Grande , U2 , Mumford & Sons , Amy Winehouse , Ben Howard , Florence + The Machine , John Newman , Hozier , Catfish and the Bottlemen , Disclosure , AlunaGeorge , Keane , James Morrison , Annie Lennox , That Poppy and PJ Harvey . Current key people of Island Records include Island president Darcus Beese , OBE and MD Jon Turner . Partially due to the label 's significant legacy , Island remains one of UMG 's pre-eminent record labels . In a 50-year anniversary documentary , Island Records artist Melissa Etheridge stated : `` If you want to look at world music , music of the last fifty years that changed the world , you need look no further than Island Records . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c34375ed749bac269b53d09b10da4137",
"text": "Sterile Records The Sterile Records record label was formed in London in 1979 by Nigel Ayers and Caroline K of the post-industrial music group Nocturnal Emissions . With a background in the mail art networks , their intention was to create and promote a new form of music . Sterile Records ' approach was a combination of the experiments of musique concrète and Fluxus combined with the critical eye of conceptual art and the spontaneity and energy of punk rock . The dark humour of industrial music and the incomprehensible nonsense of various ultra-leftist political fractions were an essential part of the mix . Sterile Records used both commercial and non-commercial media to deliver anti-capitalist messages , multi-coloured noise and information overload . Growing from cassette culture , output included records and videotapes . Caroline K left the label in 1983 . The October 2011 edition of Record Collector magazine published an article about the significance of cassette culture in the UK and listing 21 rare but sought after cassette releases , including `` Standard Response '' . In 1986 the label was effectively dissolved as Ayers turned his attention to setting up the Earthly Delights company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4cbaedbdd8e06dea425a9f054304ad2",
"text": "Constantinople Records Constantinople Records is an upstart record label created by Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins . Little is known about the label and no official website or company exists . The US Patent Office 's website listed the label as being trademarked by Corgan . When word of the label was made public , a domain name was registered but no website ever appeared . After one year the URL had expired . The label was ultimately created to only release the album by The Smashing Pumpkins : `` Machina II/The Friends & Enemies of Modern Music '' and the EPs that were associated with it , because Corgan 's relationship with Virgin Records had deteriorated . Virgin had refused to release Machina and Machina II as a double album , and when Machina sold poorly , refused entirely to release the sequel . Since the band was breaking up at the time , Corgan decided to release Machina II for free download on the internet . Only twenty-five vinyl copies were pressed , and were shipped via FedEx to several prominent fans in the online community , with instructions to immediately redistribute it on the Internet free of charge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae9b717cbcca47009b29f0ea7c5dd636",
"text": "Perfecto Records Perfecto Records is a United Kingdom-based trance record label , founded by Paul Oakenfold in 1989 . Perfecto was also a remix team consisting of Paul Oakenfold and Steve Osborne in its later years Steve was replaced with Andy Gray . Perfecto Records have provided remixes for U2 , Moby , New Order , Rolling Stones and more .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58c133b3e2e13afc3ab1422a71971f49",
"text": "Taraneh Records Taraneh Records is a record label based in Reseda , California . The label focuses on Iranian music . Taraneh Enterprises , Inc. ( dba : Taraneh Records ) is a major manufacturer and distributor of Persian Media ( DVD , CD , VHS ) in the United States . Taraneh Enterprises , Inc. has a large selection of old and new Iranian music CDs and movies on DVDs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6bff4b10896579314ca841fc88185fd",
"text": "Axtone Records Axtone Records is a Swedish record label , founded in 2005 by Swedish DJ and record producer Axwell . It originally began in 2005 as an imprint to release Axwell 's own material , however in recent years has expanded and signed many producers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1a6570184c718ea0b85035694d5202e",
"text": "Asphalt Tango Records Asphalt Tango Records is a Berlin-based record label specialising in Balkan Gypsy music and East European rock , psychedelic folk , cabaret and electronic music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21927a40c03cec6c346a67b4019c6223",
"text": "Dome Records Dome Records is a British record label , which has existed since 1992 , specializing in soul and rhythm and blues music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed1ce29e758e17bf47c88e725daf8ac6",
"text": "Pork Recordings Pork Recordings is a record label based in Kingston upon Hull , East Yorkshire , England , that specialises in electronica , mostly in the downtempo or chill-out styles . Formed in the early 1990s by David `` Porky '' Brennand and Steve Cobby , its most significant artists included Fila Brazillia , Baby Mammoth , Bullitnuts and most recently Leggo Beast . Brennand also records with Steel Tiger Records as The Cutler ; a collaboration with Steve Cobby .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa42c202f2d7877ab8535499f0744a7b",
"text": "Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base . Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz . In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed . Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' . In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' . Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show . Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life . Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label . Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "973a86b262a40d9814f8097426fde8ee",
"text": "Regular Beat Recording Co. Regular Beat Recording Co. is an independent record label based in Liverpool , England . Artists have included New Mexican electronica act Alaska In Winter , a collaborative project featuring Zach Condon from the band Beirut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d36a925a667052a6d002db353f2aa430",
"text": "Bearsville Records Bearsville Records was founded in 1970 by Albert Grossman . Artists included Todd Rundgren , Elizabeth Barraclough , Foghat , Halfnelson/Sparks , Bobby Charles , Randy VanWarmer , Paul Butterfield 's Better Days , Lazarus , Jesse Winchester , and NRBQ . The label closed in 1984 , two years before Grossman 's death . Bearsville 's initial distributor was Ampex Records . From 1972 until its folding , the label was distributed by Warner Bros. . Records in North America and most other territories . In the UK it was distributed by Warner until 1979 , and then Island until 1981 ; its last few British releases were licensed to independent labels Avatar and Lamborghini . Rhino Records currently distributes the Bearsville catalog . Many of the artists on the roster recorded at Grossman 's Bearsville Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a831b41d01f9ab437947bda2054e6ced",
"text": "Bronze Records Bronze Records was an independent English record label set up in 1971 by record producer Gerry Bron , and based in Chalk Farm , London . Bron had been producing Uriah Heep for Vertigo Records , and he set up this new label for future Uriah Heep releases , along with Juicy Lucy , Richard Barnes and Colosseum . Other subsequent acts included Osibisa , Paladin , Goldie , Manfred Mann 's Earth Band ( another Vertigo refugee ) , the Real Kids , Sally Oldfield , Motörhead , the Damned , Girlschool , Bronz and Hawkwind . Original manufacturing and distribution was through Island Records , moving to EMI in 1977 and then onto Polydor Records in 1980 . The label folded in financial difficulty in 1986 , with the catalogue being sold to Ray Richards ' Legacy Records . It subsequently passed to Castle Communications plc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bbcb85b2686e7788b854f129b488d22",
"text": "Fanfare Records Fanfare Records was a British record label that was founded by Iain Burton ( dancer in The Young Generation , manager of Arlene Phillips and co-founder of Hot Gossip ) and Simon Cowell ( which made Cowell 's first break in the music industry ) . Burton and Cowell worked together at Fanfare Records for eight years . The label was most successful during the 1980s . The label 's biggest success came with Sinitta .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96dc30749932ba8f836ceafc862146f1",
"text": "Lobby Music Lobby Music is a record company , headquartered in Paleo Faliro , Greece , founded in 2010 by composer Nektarios Bitros . The record company has released several songs from notable artists of the Greek music industry . The makers of the record company , managed in the first five years of operation to sign contracts with several established Greek artists as well as new artists . At times , Lobby Music has been credited with platinum and gold albums from releases .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bd6514796e17f3eeca00280a6b9ad37",
"text": "Rough Trade Records Rough Trade Records is an independent record label based in London , England . It was formed in 1978 by Geoff Travis who had opened a record store off Ladbroke Grove . Having successfully promoted and sold records by punk , very early indie pop and early post-punk bands such as The Smiths and Desperate Bicycles , Travis began to manage acts and distribute bands such as Scritti Politti and began the label , which was informed by left-wing politics and structured as a co-operative . Soon after , Rough Trade also set up a distribution arm that serviced independent retail outlets across Britain , a network that became known as the Cartel . Interest and investment of major labels in the UK indie scene in the late 1980s , as well as overtrading on behalf of Rough Trade 's distribution wing , led to cash flow problems , and eventually to bankruptcy , forcing the label into receivership . However , Travis resurrected the label in the late 1990s , finding success with The Libertines , The Strokes and Antony and the Johnsons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a949a071d3871d9692790b7145539220",
"text": "B-Unique Records B-Unique Records is a London-based record label , and publishing company founded in 2001 by Mark Lewis and Martin Toher . B-Unique 's current roster includes John Newman , Kodaline , James Bay , The Mispers , Darlia , Benjamin Francis Leftwich , Luke Sital Singh , Port Isla and artists and writers Ian Broudie , Samuel Preston , John Power , Liam O'Donnell , Jonny Coffer , Anders Grahn , Grace Tither , James Flannigan and Ralph Pelleymounter . Other bands include Kaiser Chiefs , The Twang , The Automatic , The Ordinary Boys and Aqualung . Also released on the label to critical acclaim : Primal Scream , Fenech Soler , Mull Historical Society , Leaves , Alkaline Trio , Hot Hot Heat , Saves The Day , Rocket from the Crypt , Bedouin Soundclash , Harmar Superstar and Coheed and Cambria . Before launching B-Unique Toher signed artists including Therapy ? , The Bluetones , Dodgy and Cud to A&M . Mark Lewis as Head of A&R at Polygram Music and London Records signed Echo and The Bunnymen , Cast , Alisha 's Attic and many others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "145575da1f08c1d16d24368e69e549eb",
"text": "Felsted Records Felsted Records was the name of two record labels . The UK version began as a subsidiary of Decca Records in July 1954 , with music mainly in the jazz and dance band genres and recordings leased from the French Blue Star , Riviera and Classique labels . The label took its name from the village where Sir Edward Lewis , the head of UK Decca , lived . The British label 's only release of note was `` Smokie '' , the first single by Bill Black 's Combo , Black having been Elvis Presley 's bassist , licensed from Hi Records . Late in 1957 , Felsted Records US opened operating from London Records ' office in New York and was marketed as a pop label . Releases included Kathy Linden 's `` Billy '' and `` Goodbye Jimmy , Goodbye '' ; Jimmy Wisner 's 1961 instrumental `` Asia Minor '' , credited to `` Kokomo , his Piano and Orchestra , on the London label in the UK ; and the Flares ' 1961 release `` Foot Stompin ' Part 1 '' , which hit # 20 on the Black Singles chart and # 25 on the Billboard Hot 100 In 1958 Felsted was reinstated in the UK leasing US material contracted through its US office . Neither label had much commercial success ; the UK label was closed in 1964 and its roster transferred to London Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e7650ed6d5d96dea293c635f280e18e",
"text": "Razor Boy Music Publishing Razor Boy Music Publishing is a Swedish independent music publishing company . It launched its operations on June 1 , 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3038e5dd6b60bf511f14fb96079c587c",
"text": "The Leather Boys The Leather Boys is a 1964 British drama film about the rocker subculture in London featuring a gay motorcyclist . This film is notable as an early example of a film that violated the Hollywood production code , yet was still shown in the United States , as well as an important film in the genre of queer cinema . An example of British kitchen sink realism , it was considered daring in 1964 as it touched upon homosexuality , however obliquely . Reviewers have noted that it contains naturalistic photography and period locations such as the Ace Cafe . The film is based on a novel commissioned by the London literary agent and publisher Anthony Blond , who suggested that Gillian Freeman write about a `` Romeo and Romeo in the South London suburbs '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f74085f5ff25df1e425a99a383c9b45",
"text": "Pioneer Records Pioneer Records is a small indie record label based in London , England , UK .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c98146e60e6ababd5770eb12932b9132 | Soundgarden had internal strife. | [
{
"docid": "b68af13eb1e75214f956852b61c77b86",
"text": "Soundgarden Soundgarden is an American rock band formed in Seattle , Washington , in 1984 by singer and rhythm guitarist Chris Cornell , lead guitarist Kim Thayil , and bassist Hiro Yamamoto . Matt Cameron became the band 's full-time drummer in 1986 , while bassist Ben Shepherd became a permanent replacement for Yamamoto in 1990 . Cornell remained in Soundgarden until his death in May 2017 , putting the band 's future in doubt and leaving Thayil as the only remaining original member of the band . Soundgarden was one of the seminal bands in the creation of grunge , a style of alternative rock that developed in Seattle , and was one of a number of grunge bands signed to the record label Sub Pop . Soundgarden was the first grunge band to sign to a major label ( A&M Records in 1988 ) , though the band did not achieve commercial success until they popularized the genre in the early 1990s with Seattle contemporaries Pearl Jam , Nirvana , and Alice in Chains . Soundgarden achieved its biggest success with the 1994 album Superunknown , which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 and yielded the Grammy Award-winning singles `` Black Hole Sun '' and `` Spoonman '' . In 1997 , the band broke up due to internal strife over its creative direction . After more than a decade of working on projects and other bands , Soundgarden reunited in 2010 and their sixth studio album , King Animal , was released two years later . As of 2012 , Soundgarden sold more than 10.5 million records in the United States , and an estimated 22.5 million worldwide . VH1 ranked Soundgarden at number 14 in their special 100 Greatest Artists of Hard Rock .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d4cbaedbdd8e06dea425a9f054304ad2",
"text": "Constantinople Records Constantinople Records is an upstart record label created by Billy Corgan of The Smashing Pumpkins . Little is known about the label and no official website or company exists . The US Patent Office 's website listed the label as being trademarked by Corgan . When word of the label was made public , a domain name was registered but no website ever appeared . After one year the URL had expired . The label was ultimately created to only release the album by The Smashing Pumpkins : `` Machina II/The Friends & Enemies of Modern Music '' and the EPs that were associated with it , because Corgan 's relationship with Virgin Records had deteriorated . Virgin had refused to release Machina and Machina II as a double album , and when Machina sold poorly , refused entirely to release the sequel . Since the band was breaking up at the time , Corgan decided to release Machina II for free download on the internet . Only twenty-five vinyl copies were pressed , and were shipped via FedEx to several prominent fans in the online community , with instructions to immediately redistribute it on the Internet free of charge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efa8774aec06785711758a43c0192501",
"text": "Meat Puppets (album) Meat Puppets is the first album by American band the Meat Puppets , released in 1982 . The album is unlike their later , better-known releases due to its hardcore punk sound . The album was recorded in a matter of days , there are very few overdubs and many of the tracks are first takes . Like other early SST albums the sound quality is rather spotty ; there is noticeable fuzz in the background of the music . The band opted for this because they felt more comfortable recording live with only a few microphones rather than employing conventional studio separation techniques . In 1999 , Curt Kirkwood stated , `` The first -LSB- album -RSB- was our LSD record . We were three days in the studio , and we tripped the whole time . And it was really cool , and really trying , too , because we went insane . '' The 1999 Rykodisc reissue features the entire In a Car EP as well as 13 other bonus tracks , many of them studio jams or outtakes , and a video clip of the band performing `` Walking Boss '' live . The booklet also has liner notes by Gregg Turkington and recording notes by drummer Derrick Bostrom . In the 2012 book , Too High to Die : Meet the Meat Puppets by Greg Prato , an entire chapter is dedicated to Soundgarden guitarist Kim Thayil explaining why Meat Puppets is one of his favorite all-time albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "206a0b0ed45c1cb55be69c0328fefd4d",
"text": "Dream Theater (album) Dream Theater is the twelfth studio album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater , released through Roadrunner Records on September 23 , 2013 in Europe and a day later in the United States . The album was written , recorded , mixed , and mastered between January and May 2013 at Cove City Sound Studios in Long Island , New York , the same studio as the band 's previous album , A Dramatic Turn of Events ( 2011 ) . The band made Dream Theater a self-titled album to emphasize that they were moving forward in their career and to make it a reference point for fans . The album 's songs are shorter on average than most Dream Theater songs , with the exception of the 20-minute closer `` Illumination Theory '' . Strings for the album were arranged by Eren Başbuğ , a Berklee College of Music student . Dream Theater moved 34,000 units in the United States in its debut week , charting at number seven and becoming the band 's second highest charting album behind 2009 's Black Clouds & Silver Linings . For its lead single , `` The Enemy Inside '' , the band received their second consecutive Grammy nomination in the Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance category . In early 2014 , Dream Theater toured Europe and America in support of the album and recorded their performance at the Boston Opera House for a live release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "220c09a464deb3f5674c819fa7a1a577",
"text": "Pretty Hate Machine Pretty Hate Machine is the debut studio album by American industrial rock band Nine Inch Nails , released on October 20 , 1989 by TVT Records in the United States , Island Records in Europe and by Interscope Records and Atlantic Records internationally . The album is compiled of reworked tracks from the band 's Purest Feeling demo , as well as songs composed after its original recording . Although it was critically and commercially successful ( especially for an independent label ) , Trent Reznor ( Nine Inch Nails ' only constant band member ) feuded with TVT Records during the album 's promotion . Slant Magazine placed the album at number 50 on its list of the `` Best Albums of the 1980s '' , commenting , `` before attempting suicide in The Downward Spiral and living with the wrist scars in The Fragile , Pretty Hate Machine sent out sleek , danceable warning shots '' . Three singles were released from the album , the most successful being its opening track `` Head Like a Hole '' , which has become a staple of Nine Inch Nails live performances . Pretty Hate Machine became one of the first independently released albums to attain a platinum certification , with the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) certifying the album triple platinum on May 12 , 2003 , indicating sales surpassing three million copies in the United States . The album went out of print in 1997 because of the much publicized disagreement between Reznor and TVT . Rykodisc re-released the album worldwide in 2005 , effectively putting it back into print . A remastered version with updated artwork was released on November 22 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe",
"text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc7ab45de773ffec66082e35e3e7b9de",
"text": "Black Tusk (band) Black Tusk ( often written as Blacktusk ) is an American heavy metal power trio from Savannah , Georgia . The band was formed in 2005 , when its members were all living on the same street . With the dissolution of Andrew Fidler 's ( guitar , vocals ) and Jonathan Athon 's ( bass , vocals ) crust punk band and James May 's ( drums , vocals ) street punk band , Andrew and Athon went down the street to James ' house and asked him if he wanted to play with them . During the next few days they jammed continuously , and within a few months they had recorded the EP When Kingdoms Fall , which was released on Wrecked Signal . Two years later the band self-released their first full-length studio album , The Fallen Kingdom , followed by another a year later with Passage Through Purgatory , released through the local label Hyperrealist Records . In 2009 , Black Tusk released a series of split albums with bands such as ASG , The Holy Mountain , and Fight Amp , before sign to Relapse Records in November . The band released its debut for Relapse , Taste the Sin , in May 2010 . Black Tusk is mostly associated with Baroness and Kylesa , for their shared hometown of Savannah , as well as for their sludge metal sound . The band is linked to Baroness ' guitarist and vocalist John Dyer Baizley , who is also a painter and creates all of Black Tusk 's artwork . Black Tusk 's members describe their music as `` swamp metal , '' a term that has been described by Allmusic as `` the murkiest , dirtiest sludge to come out of Savannah since Kylesa '' . The term is a reference to the climate of Savannah in relation to the music that the band create . Reviewing the album , Taste the Sin , Pitchfork Media stated that the band 's blend of hardcore punk and stoner metal `` works to capitalize on the immediacy of its chosen genres and not to bend them into obscurity . '' Black Tusk acknowledges its punk rock origins , but prefer not to cite a list of bands that influence them because they feel that it is ineffective since they are not `` trying to emulate any one band 's style or any one genre 's sound . '' On November 9 , 2014 , band member Jonathan Athon died due to injuries sustained from a motorcycle accident . He was placed in a medically-induced coma and , per his wishes , was pulled from life support after it was determined that he had irreparable brain damage . On December 10 , 2014 , the band confirmed they would be touring with Black Label Society in early 2015 , with Corey Barhorst filling in on bass duties , as well as confirmed they finished the recording of their next album prior to the death of Jonathan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "456cb351a2699816978c9b690f608560",
"text": "Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell is the fourth studio album by the American punk rock band Social Distortion , released on February 11 , 1992 . Following up on the surprise success of their breakthrough singles `` Ball and Chain '' and `` Story of My Life '' , Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell became a popular album and received positive reviews from music critics . It also spawned their highest-charting single `` Bad Luck '' , which peaked at number 2 on the Modern Rock Tracks chart . Somewhere Between Heaven and Hell was the one of the best-selling albums of Social Distortion 's recording career , achieving gold sales certification in the United States by 2000 , and by 1996 , the album had sold 296,000 copies . It peaked at number 76 on the US Billboard 200 and topped the Heatseekers chart , and was also Social Distortion 's last to feature drummer Christopher Reece , who left the band in 1994 . The cover art features Ness mid-jump , while playing one of his Gibson Les Pauls .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86e9d2565101256113b31f9e42dbbddc",
"text": "The Fugs (album) The Fugs is a 1966 album by The Fugs , described in their AllMusic profile as `` arguably the first underground rock group of all time '' . The album charted number 95 on Billboard 's `` Top Pop Albums '' chart . The album was re-released on CD in 1993 as The Fugs Second Album under the Fantasy label with five additional tracks : two live performances and three tracks recorded for Atlantic in 1967 for an album that was never released . In its review of the re-release , AllMusic finds them `` very ahead of their time lyrically '' and compares them to the punk band Dead Kennedys , both lyrically and in their shared `` weakness for crude humor '' . In 2013 , David Bowie included it in a list of 25 of his favourite albums , `` Confessions of a Vinyl Junkie '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6595e5ce20c83981ad749f0ccff9451",
"text": "Sacred Cowboys Sacred Cowboys are an Australian post-punk and rock band formed by mainstay Garry Gray , as lead singer-songwriter , in 1982 . The line-up has changed as the group splintered and reformed several times , being active from 1982 to 1985 , 1987 to 1991 , 1994 to 1997 and 2006 to 2008 . The August 2006 line-up was Gray with Stephan Fidock on drums ; Penny Ikinger on guitar ; Spencer P. Jones on guitar ; Nick Rischbieth on bass guitar ; and Ash Wednesday on keyboards . Past members include : Johnny Crash ( aka Janis Friedenfelds ) on drums and Mark Ferrie on bass guitar , who were both ex-Models ; Terry Doolan on guitar ; Andrew Picouleau on bass guitar ; and Ian Forrest on keyboards . The group have issued six albums : Sacred Cowboys ( 1984 ) , We Love You ... Of Course We Do ( 1985 ) , Trouble from Providence ( August 1988 ) , Things to Come ( July 1996 ) , Cold Harvest ( January 2007 ) and 1982 -- 85 : Nailed to the Cross ( February 2008 ) . Australian musicologist , Ian McFarlane , described them as `` one of the most confrontational live outfits '' with their music as `` mixed post-punk moodiness and country raunch over a mutant swamp-blues backbeat '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c1291e8056c4859233b345063517843",
"text": "Weathermaker Music Weathermaker Music is the record label owned by the American rock band Clutch and their manager Jack Flanagan . Weathermaker Music LLC was formed in June 2008 . Weathermaker Music was mostly known to work with Clutch and their side project , the psychedelic jazz-rock alter ego The Bakerton Group . In 2012 Weathermaker signed and released product by The Company Band , and The Mob . Both groups include Weathermaker Music principal owners . On March 19th , 2013 Weathermaker Music released the Clutch record '' Earth Rocker '' on CD and vinyl . At the end of 2013 Weathermaker Music released `` Earth Rocker Live '' which is a double 12 inch vinyl picture disc version of the `` Earth Rocker '' studio release on one LP , and the same track listing recorded live from various cities on their 2013 USA tour on the second LP . In 2013 Weathermaker Music signed Deep Swell , featuring Clutch member Tim Sult on guitar . Their record , `` Lore of the Angler '' was released October 15th , 2013 . Weathermaker Music signed the Maryland-based group Lionize in 2013 as well . Entitled `` Jetpack Soundtrack '' , this Lionize record was released on February 18th , 2014 in North America , April 11th , 2014 in Europe , and February 14th , 2014 in the UK . The Lionize signing marks the label 's first signing of an independent artist to Weathermaker Music . In the summer of 2014 Weathermaker Music completed the Earth Rocker release cycle with a very special Double Vinyl 12 '' Picture Disc for collectors and released `` Earth Rocker Deluxe '' , a 2xCD / DVD set . CD1 of the deluxe version features the original studio recordings with two previously unreleased songs , CD2 is a live version of all ER songs recorded at various stops on the Earth Rocker World Tour during the summer of 2013 and the DVD is a recording of Clutch 's Denver , CO show from ( 11/14/13 ) . As a bonus , the DVD contains three promotional videos , two of which were directed by Aisha Tyler . Clutch released their 11th studio record `` Psychic Warfare '' on October 2nd , 2015 via Weathermaker Music . The first video from the album was `` X-Ray Visions '' , Directed by Dan Winters . The album reached # 11 on the Top 100 Billboard chart and # 1 on both the Hard Rock and Rock Billboard charts . The second video from `` Psychic Warfare '' was `` A Quick Death in Texas '' , directed and shot by My Good Eye ( David Brodsky / Allison Woest ) . Clutch also participated in '' 10 Bands 1 Cause '' breast cancer awareness program with a limited edition pink vinyl offering released September 18th , 2015 distributed via RED . This vinyl will be reissued by Weathermaker Music on black vinyl on October 7th , 2016 . On Saturday April 16th 2016 Weathermaker Music will be releasing a Clutch special limited edition 12 '' vinyl release for Record Store Day . The album will contain two previously unreleased tracks from the Psychic Warfare sessions : `` Mad Sidewinder '' and `` Outland Special Clearance '' . These two tracks , specifically mastered for this vinyl configuration by Paul Logus , will be on side A . The reverse side will have a large scale etching taken from the Psychic Warfare CD booklet design created by Dan Winters . The jacket is hand numbered thick clear plastic showing the full art design , thus making this piece for Record Store Day 2016 a unique collectors ' item for all Clutch fans . On September 20th , 2016 Weathermaker Music re-issued their first ever official release '' WM001 , Full Fathom Five , Audio Field Recordings '' on a 2x disc vinyl Gatefold offering . Weathermaker Music has signed distribution agreements with Sony/RED in North America , as well as international distribution agreements with Rough Trade Distribution in Europe , including the UK , and Rocket Distribution in Australia . Weathermaker Music Label Manager is Stefan Koster .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74475b3e9cfe19db8866b34e6c566194",
"text": "Pop punk Pop punk ( also known as punk-pop ) is a music genre that fuses elements of punk rock and pop music . It typically combines fast tempos , loud and distorted electric guitars , and power chord changes with pop-influenced melodies , vocal styles , and lyrical themes . Pop-influenced punk rock emerged in the mid-1970s with a music style that was stylistically similar to power pop . By the mid-1980s , several bands merged hardcore punk with pop music to create a new , faster pop punk sound such as Dag Nasty , the Nip Drivers , T.S.O.L. , Social Distortion , and the Descendents . Pop punk in the United States began to grow in popularity locally in California in the mid-to-late 1980s . Pop punk particularly thrived in California , where independent record labels adopted a do it yourself ( DIY ) approach to releasing music . By the mid-1990s , a few pop punk bands had started to sell millions of records and receive extensive radio and television airplay , such as Green Day . By 1994 , pop punk was quickly growing in mainstream popularity . The late 1990s , exemplified by the 1999 release of Blink-182 's Enema of the State , represented the genre 's mainstream peak , although some pop punk bands scored successful album chartings in the 2000s . In the mid-2000s , emo pop , a fusion genre combining emo and pop punk , became popular . By the end of the 2000s , the pop punk sound of the 1990s had largely waned in mainstream popularity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c5a6ecfc875161a6f1f4de9f1fa68e5",
"text": "Symphony of Destruction `` Symphony of Destruction '' is a song by American heavy metal band Megadeth , released as a single from their 1992 album , Countdown to Extinction . The lyrics explore the hypothetical situation where an average citizen is placed in a position where he runs the country while the public is led by a phantom government . Penned by vocalist and frontman Dave Mustaine , the song received significant radio play and charted in various territories , making it one of Megadeth 's best known songs . The song was generally well received by critics , and its accompanying music video by Wayne Isham initially received heavy rotation on MTV , but eventually became controversial and was edited because of an assassination scene that MTV felt was `` too harsh '' . The video features each band member individually playing , with a mostly black-and-white nonlinear narrative revolving around a political candidate who is assassinated , and the massive amount of anarchy and riots caused by the event . The song has been featured in several sources of media , and has been covered by several bands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3",
"text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7",
"text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ce1226f0b9ca6b90ec80e32113b9ca7",
"text": "Internal conflict An internal conflict is the struggle occurring within a character 's mind . Things such as the character views for , but ca n't quite reach . As opposed to external conflict , in which a character is grappling some force outside of him or herself , such as wars or a chain breaking off a bike , or not being able to get past a road block . The dilemma posed by an internal conflict is usually some ethical or emotional question . Indicators of internal conflict would be a character 's hesitation or self-posing questions like `` what was it I did wrong ? '' . An internal conflict can also be a decision-making issue . The term `` internal conflict '' is also widely used to describe a military conflict within a nation , such as a civil war . An internal conflict is a non-international conflict . It can be because of political , economic or religious causes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a659ac3b66d963b570094591b8d13f37",
"text": "Audio-Visions Audio-Visions is the seventh studio album by American progressive rock band Kansas , released in 1980 . The album was reissued in remastered format on CD in 1996 on Legacy/Epic and again in 2011 , as a Japanese import vinyl-replica CD , as well as part of the Sony/Legacy domestic boxed set , Kansas Complete Album Collection 1974-1983 , which packages all of the band 's original releases on Kirshner and affiliated labels CBS/Columbia . Kerry Livgren 's recent conversion to Christianity is first heard on this album , primarily in the lyrics to `` Hold On '' ( which was written as an evangelistic plea to his wife ) . That song was the original lineup 's last Top 40 , peaking at # 40 as the album 's first single . The second single from the album , `` Got to Rock On , '' charted outside the Top 40 , and was released as a promo only 12 '' single as well , featuring a live version of the song on Side B of the promotional single , taken from an ABC Radio `` the Source '' live concert broadcast from Chicago . In addition , another stop on the Audio-Visions tour was broadcast on the radio , on the radio show `` A Night on the Road , '' from the Palladium in New York City . In addition to playing almost every song on the album on the tour , the band also played one selection each from Livgren and Walsh 's recent solo albums . While every song on the Monolith album was played during the early part prior Monolith tour , not a single song from Monolith was played on the Audio-Visions tour . The eighth song on this album , `` No One Together '' , was originally intended for release on the previous album , Monolith , released in 1979 , but it was dropped from that album due to an argument between Walsh and Livgren over whose song should be included there ( with Walsh winning out the argument by having his song , `` How My Soul Cries Out for You '' , included ) and wound up on this album instead . The album was to be the last album with the band 's original lineup until 2000 's Somewhere to Elsewhere , and coincidentally the band 's last studio album to be certified gold by the RIAA ( which it did in December 1980 ) . The album was later repackaged as Playlist : Audio-Visions , removing the last three tracks and including `` How My Soul Cries Out for You '' in the place of `` No One Together '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2776a980f837d1b8951a8e1e84656fd3",
"text": "Chris Cornell Chris Cornell ( born Christopher John Boyle ; July 20 , 1964 -- May 18 , 2017 ) was an American musician , singer , and songwriter . He was best known as lead vocalist for the bands Soundgarden and Audioslave . He was a two-time Grammy winner ( out of 14 nominations ) and was also known for his numerous solo works , soundtrack contributions since 1991 and as founder and frontman for Temple of the Dog , the one-off tribute band dedicated to his friend , the late Andrew Wood . Cornell , who is considered one of the architects of the 1990s grunge movement , is well known for his extensive catalog as a songwriter , for his nearly four-octave vocal range , and for his powerful vocal belting technique . He released four solo studio albums , Euphoria Morning ( 1999 ) , Carry On ( 2007 ) , Scream ( 2009 ) , Higher Truth ( 2015 ) , and the live album Songbook ( 2011 ) . Cornell received a Golden Globe Award nomination for his song `` The Keeper '' which appeared in the film Machine Gun Preacher and co-wrote and performed the theme song to the James Bond film Casino Royale ( 2006 ) , `` You Know My Name '' . The last solo release by Chris was the charity single `` The Promise '' , written for the ending credits for the film of the same name . He was voted `` Rock 's Greatest Singer '' by readers of Guitar World , ranked 4th in the list of `` Heavy Metal 's All-Time Top 100 Vocalists '' by Hit Parader , 9th in the list of `` Best Lead Singers of All Time '' by Rolling Stone , and 12th in MTV 's `` 22 Greatest Voices in Music '' . According to Nielsen Music , across his entire catalog ( Soundgarden , Audioslave and solo career ) , Cornell sold 14.8 million albums , 8.8 million digital songs , 300 million on-demand audio streams in the U.S. and sold over 30 million records worldwide as of 2017 . Cornell was found dead from suicide in his Detroit hotel room early on the morning of May 18 , 2017 , following a Soundgarden concert the night before . He suffered from depression and had substance abuse problems earlier in life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70",
"text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa42c202f2d7877ab8535499f0744a7b",
"text": "Olivia Records Olivia Records was a collective founded in 1973 to record and market women 's music . Olivia , named after the heroine of a pulp novel by Dorothy Bussy who fell in love with her headmistress at French boarding school , was the brainchild of ten lesbian-feminists ( the Furies Collective and Radicalesbians ) living in Washington , D.C. who wanted to create a feminist organization with an economic base . Olivia was co-founded by Judy Dlugacz . In 1973 , the collective put out a 45 with Meg Christian on one side and Cris Williamson on the other . Yoko Ono responded and said that she wanted to do a side project with Olivia , but the collective politely declined . Without making themselves dependent on any high-profile person , they made $ 12,000 with that 45 , enough to put out singer Meg Christian 's first record , and soon after , Williamson 's groundbreaking album The Changer and the Changed . Sandy Stone was Olivia 's sound engineer from ca. 1974-1978 , recording and mixing all Olivia product during this period . She resigned as the controversy over her working for a lesbian-identified enterprise increased because she was a transgender woman . The debate continued in Janice Raymond 's book The Transsexual Empire , which devoted a chapter to criticism of `` the transsexually constructed lesbian-feminist '' . In 1977 , after repeated criticism by Anita Bryant , Olivia put out Lesbian Concentrate , a collection of songs and poetry with part of the proceeds going to benefit the Lesbian Mothers National Defense Fund . Included on the 13 track LP is Meg Christian 's `` Ode To A Gym Teacher '' and Sue Fink 's `` Leaping Lesbians '' . Olivia moved first to Los Angeles to stay on top of the burgeoning music scene and then to Oakland . The remaining five women of the collective , who had been pooling their money and even living together for the previous seven years , began to disperse . Olivia stopped putting out new records and instead performed a series of 15th anniversary concerts in 1988 . The two concerts at Carnegie Hall in New York City were the largest grossing concerts at that venue in its history . Yet , The New York Times barely mentioned the show . Even though Olivia Records released world music and salsa records , they were most successful with acoustic solo acts , although sometimes they failed to identify mainstream talent . In 1985 , singer/songwriter Melissa Etheridge , then a struggling Los Angeles artist , sent her demo to Olivia , but was ultimately rejected . Etheridge went on to become one of the most popular female performers of the 1990s and arguably the most successful lesbian musician of all time . She saved the rejection letter , signed by `` the women of Olivia , '' which was featured in Intimate Portrait , the Lifetime Television documentary of her life . Unable to reinvent themselves for the changing musical landscape for women , from riot grrl to Lilith Fair to Ani Difranco , Olivia could no longer sustain itself as a record label . Olivia Records founded Olivia , the lesbian cruise line , in 1988 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
1ce9af763e48f7c558734cdcd6d5f52e | There is a film called King Kong. | [
{
"docid": "15c9b895fb0d0e03beee9a79f0c14b32",
"text": "King Kong (2005 film) King Kong is a 2005 epic monster adventure film co-written , produced , and directed by Peter Jackson . A remake of the 1933 film of the same name , the film stars Naomi Watts , Jack Black , Adrien Brody , and , through motion capture , Andy Serkis as the title character . Set in 1933 , King Kong tells the story of an ambitious filmmaker who coerces his cast and hired ship crew to travel to the mysterious Skull Island . There they encounter Kong , a legendary giant gorilla , whom they capture and take to New York City . Filming for King Kong took place in New Zealand from September 2004 to March 2005 . The project 's budget climbed from an initial $ 150 million to a then-record-breaking $ 207 million . It was released on December 14 , 2005 in Germany and on December 16 in the United States , and made an opening of $ 50.1 million . While it performed lower than expected , King Kong made domestic and worldwide grosses that eventually added up to $ 550 million , becoming the fourth-highest-grossing film in Universal Pictures history . It also generated $ 100 million in DVD sales upon its home video release . The film garnered positive reviews from critics and appeared on several top ten lists for 2005 . It was praised for its special effects , performances , sense of spectacle and comparison to the 1933 original . It won three Academy Awards for Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing and Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "139624e58a09dcb5f8ea7b4e80fa282a",
"text": "Tarzan Escapes Tarzan Escapes is a 1936 Tarzan film based on the character created by Edgar Rice Burroughs . It was the third in the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer Tarzan series to feature Johnny Weissmuller as the `` King of the Apes '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3f41276c825d3bd9baf1a271e3c116a",
"text": "King Kong Song `` King Kong Song '' ( originally `` Mr. Sex '' ) , written and composed by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus , is the name of a 1974 recording by Swedish pop group ABBA , included on their album Waterloo . In 1977 , the track was released as a single to coincide with the re-release of the movie King Kong , which charted at # 94 in Australia , where it had previously been the B-side to `` I 've Been Waiting for You '' . It received a substantial amount of unsolicited airplay in Sweden , even though by then three years and two albums had come and gone since its original 1974 conception . The song bears a resemblance to the style of the Beach Boys . In 1974 , the song competed in the Swedish radio chart show Tio i topp , where it stayed in the charts for four shows and peaked at # 4 . Also in Sweden , `` King Kong Song '' was the B-side to `` Honey , Honey '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7224e9c68c6aef3edb902ed4079055e",
"text": "Lion vs. Lion Lion vs. Lion , also known as Roar of the Lion and Nan bei shi wang ( 南北獅王 , literally `` South North Lion King '' ) , is a 1981 Hong Kong kung fu film written and directed by Hsu Hsia and Chien Yuen Sheng . The film was produced by the Shaw Brothers Studio , a major Hong Kong film production company at the time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8be9d8c3cd1113ea5e38baa1a5191ef4",
"text": "Hong Kong Cantonese Hong Kong Cantonese is a dialect of the Cantonese language commonly spoken in Hong Kong , as well as Macau . Although the Hong Kong people largely identify this variant of Chinese with the term `` Cantonese '' , a variety of publications in Mainland China describe the variant as Hong Kong speech . There are slight differences between the pronunciation used in Hong Kong Cantonese and that of the Cantonese spoken in the neighbouring Chinese province of Guangdong , where Cantonese ( based on the Guangzhou dialect ) is a main lingua franca . Over the years , Hong Kong Cantonese has also absorbed foreign terminology and developed a large set of Hong Kong-specific terms . These differences from the Guangzhou dialect are the result of British rule between 1841 and 1997 , as well as the closure of the Hong Kong-China border immediately after the establishment of the People 's Republic of China in 1949 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fcdbf47f18e80c35c7f359b556bc8cd3",
"text": "Bringing King to China Bringing King to China is a 2011 documentary film by Kevin McKiernan . The cinematographers include three-time Oscar-winner Haskell Wexler . The documentary is `` a father 's ` love letter ' to his adult daughter , a young American woman struggling to bring Martin Luther King , Jr. 's dream of nonviolence to China , and then back to the United States . Her life is thrown into turmoil when she learns , mistakenly , that her father , a journalist covering the war in Iraq , has been killed by a suicide bomber . '' Bringing King to China conveys the lead character 's `` dream to build a bridge between the societies by talking about peaceful struggle and universal rights . '' It chronicles her struggle to interpret and adapt King 's message for Chinese society , preserve the historical accuracy of the U.S. civil rights movement , clear bureaucratic hurdles before opening night and raise funds to pay the theater company . The film takes American viewers backstage at the National Theatre Company of China , as Chinese actors rehearse with African-American gospel singers . The film premiered at the Santa Barbara International Film Festival and won best documentary at the Ventura International Film Festival and the Tulsa International Film Festival . In 2011 , it was scheduled to screen at film festivals across the US , including DOCNYC and the St. Louis International Film Festival . Commentators called the film timely , noting it premiered in the lead-up to the unveiling of the Martin Luther King , Jr. . Memorial in Washington , D.C.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45cca4f2ca741aa9586b00163ae81265",
"text": "The NeverEnding Story (film) The NeverEnding Story is a 1984 American epic fantasy film based on the novel of the same name by Michael Ende , about a boy who reads a magical book that tells a story of a young warrior whose task is to stop a dark storm called the Nothing from engulfing a fantasy world . The film was produced by Bernd Eichinger and Dieter Giessler and directed and co-written by Wolfgang Petersen ( his first English-language film ) and starred Noah Hathaway , Barret Oliver , Tami Stronach , Patricia Hayes , Sydney Bromley , Gerald McRaney , Moses Gunn , and Alan Oppenheimer as the voices of both Falkor and Gmork ( as well as other characters ) . At the time of its release , it was the most expensive film produced outside the United States or the Soviet Union . The film was the first in The NeverEnding Story film series and later followed by two sequels . Ende felt that this adaptation 's content deviated so far from the spirit of his book that he requested that production either be halted or the film 's title be changed ; when the producers did neither , he sued them and subsequently lost the case . Ende called the film a `` gigantic melodrama of kitsch , commerce , plush and plastic '' -LSB- Ein `` gigantisches Melodram aus Kitsch , Kommerz , Plüsch und Plastik '' -RSB- . The film only adapts the first half of the book , and consequently does not convey the message of the title as it was portrayed in the novel . The second half of the book would subsequently be used as the rough basis for the second film , The Next Chapter . The third film , Escape from Fantasia , features a completely original plot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e1562e3e2ba348de668f39a050d4889",
"text": "Japan Academy Prize for Outstanding Foreign Language Film Every year since its inception , the Japanese Academy has recognized an outstanding foreign film . The year that any given film is nominated is not based on the film 's domestic release date but rather on the date it is released in Japan . As delays of over four months are not uncommon , many films are nominated in Japan the following year after their release to the Japanese market ( i.e. Million Dollar Baby won the American Academy Award for Best Picture for films made in 2004 , but the Japanese award , based on its localized release date , is for 2005 ) . In fact , not one of the five films nominated for the 2007 Academy Award for Best Picture had been released in Japan by February 15 , 2008 , the date of the Japan Academy Prize Ceremony . Although the 2007 recipient of this award , Letters from Iwo Jima , a film almost entirely in Japanese , would not seem to meet the qualification of a `` Foreign Language Film '' , the actual Japanese title of the award , 最優秀外国作品賞 makes no mention of language . It would be more accurately translated as `` Best Foreign Production '' . 2017 - Sully The Martian Zootopia Star Wars : The Force Awakens The Revenant 2016 - American Sniper Kingsman : The Secret Service Mad Max : Fury Road Spectre Whiplash 2015 - Frozen Interstellar Jersey Boys Fury Godzilla 2014 - Les Misérables 3 Idiots Captain Phillips Django Unchained Gravity 2013 - The Intouchables Argo The Dark Knight Rises The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo Skyfall 2012 - The King 's Speech Rise of the Planet of the Apes Moneyball The Social Network Black Swan 2011 - Avatar Inception Toy Story 3 Invictus The Hurt Locker 2010 - Gran Torino Slumdog Millionaire Changeling The Wrestler Red Cliff Part II 2009 - The Dark Knight The Bucket List No Country for Old Men Lust , Caution Red Cliff Part I 2008 - Letters from Iwo Jima Dreamgirls Babel Hairspray The Bourne Ultimatum 2007 - Flags of Our Fathers Crash Hotel Rwanda Pirates of the Caribbean : Dead Man 's Chest The Da Vinci Code 2006 - Million Dollar Baby Cinderella Man Charlie and the Chocolate Factory The Phantom of the Opera Star Wars : Episode III -- Revenge of the Sith 2005 - The Last Samurai The Lord of the Rings : The Return of the King Mystic River Seabiscuit Troy 2004 - The Pianist Chicago The Hours The Lord of the Rings : The Two Towers Yeopgijeogin geunyeo 2003 - Monster 's Ball Gangs of New York Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets I Am Sam The Lord of the Rings : The Fellowship of the Ring 2002 - Billy Elliot Artificial Intelligence : AI Chocolat Harry Potter and the Philosopher 's Stone Postmen in the Mountains 2001 - Dancer in the Dark American Beauty Gladiator The Green Mile Swiri 2000 - The Sixth Sense Elizabeth The Matrix Shakespeare in Love La Vita è bella 1999 - L.A. Confidential Armageddon As Good as It Gets Good Will Hunting Saving Private Ryan 1998 - Titanic The English Patient Shine Air Force One Seven Years in Tibet1997 - Il Postino Independence Day Mission : Impossible Se7en 12 Monkeys1996 - The Shawshank Redemption Apollo 13 The Bridges of Madison County Forrest Gump Léon 1995 - Schindler 's List The Piano Pulp Fiction Speed True Lies 1994 - Jurassic Park Cliffhanger The Fugitive Heaven & Earth Unforgiven 1993 - JFK The Lover Basic Instinct The Bodyguard A League of Their Own 1992 - Dances with Wolves Awakenings Nikita The Silence of the Lambs Terminator 2 : Judgment Day 1991 - Field of Dreams Die Hard 2 Ghost Cinema Paradiso Total Recall 1990 - Die Hard Black Rain Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade Major League Rain Man 1989 - The Last Emperor Fatal Attraction Full Metal Jacket Moonstruck Wall Street 1988 - Platoon Hannah and Her Sisters Stand By Me Top Gun The Untouchables 1987 - Back to the Future Aliens A Chorus Line The Color Purple Out of Africa 1986 - Amadeus The Cotton Club The Killing Fields A Passage to India Witness 1985 - Once Upon a Time in America Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom The Natural The Right Stuff Terms of Endearment 1984 - An Officer and a Gentleman The Woman Next DoorFlashdanceGandhiSophie 's Choice1983 - E.T. the Extra-TerrestrialDas BootChariots of FireOn Golden PondRocky III1982 - Die BlechtrommelBeing ThereThe Elephant ManOrdinary PeopleLes Uns et les Autres1981 - Kramer vs. KramerAll That JazzApocalypse NowManhattanTess1980 - The Deer HunterThe Tree of Wooden ClogsBig WednesdayThe ChampThe Travelling Players1979 - Conversation PieceClose Encounters of the Third KindThe Goodbye GirlStar Wars Episode IV : A New HopeThe Turning Point1978 - RockyThe Fire WithinNetworkSlap ShotVoyage of the Damned ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8394dbdb939a626339fc497ded02578e",
"text": "Animal Kingdom Animal Kingdom may refer to : Animal or the Kingdom Animalia , a classification of living organisms Animal Kingdom ( horse ) , winner of the 2011 Kentucky Derby Disney 's Animal Kingdom , a theme park at Walt Disney World , Florida , U.S. Animal Kingdom Resort Area , a group of resorts near the theme park In performing arts : The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 play by Philip Barry The Animal Kingdom , a 1932 American comedy-drama film based on the play Animal Kingdom ( film ) , a 2010 Australian crime film Animal Kingdom ( TV series ) , an American television series on TNT inspired by the Australian film Animal Kingdom ( band ) , a UK indie rock band Animal Kingdom , a 2008 album by Baseball Animal Kingdom , a 2010 album by Raptile Animal Kingdom : Let 's Go Ape , a 2013 Belgian-French-Italian CGI-animated film",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26e433214333cdf87506389a4a735aed",
"text": "Substitution splice The substitution splice is a cinematic special effect in which film makers achieve an appearance , disappearance , or transformation using a cut . It is sometimes also called the stop trick or the stop motion substitution , although the effect is achieved through film editing rather than by literally stopping the camera . The pioneering French filmmaker Georges Méliès claimed to have accidentally developed substitution splicing while filming street traffic at the Place de l'Opéra in Paris . According to his story , his camera jammed and stopped ; by the time he had solved the difficulty , the traffic had moved on . When the film was screened , a man appeared to change into a woman , and an omnibus seemed to turn into a hearse . No evidence has emerged to support this story , which was probably entirely invented by Méliès . According to the film scholar Jacques Deslandes , it is more likely that Méliès discovered the substitution splice by carefully examining a print of the Edison Manufacturing Company 's 1895 film The Execution of Mary Queen of Scots , in which a primitive version of the trick appears . In any case , the substitution splice was both the first special effect Méliès perfected , and the most important in his body of work . For some time , film theorists mistakenly believed that the camera was actually stopped for the effect , and then restarted ( hence the occasionally used term `` stop trick '' ) . However , later film historians such as Richard Abel and Elizabeth Ezra established that the effect was the result of Méliès 's careful frame matching during the editing process , creating a seamless match cut out of two separately staged shots . Indeed , Méliès often used substitution splicing not as an obvious special effect , but as an inconspicuous editing technique , matching and combining short takes into one apparently seamless longer shot . Substitution splicing could become even more seamless when the film was colored by hand , as many of Méliès 's films were ; the addition of painted color acts as a sleight of hand technique allowing the cuts to pass by unnoticed . The substitution splice was the most popular cinematic special effect in early film fantasies , especially those that evolved from the stage tradition of the féerie . Segundo de Chomón is among the other filmmakers who used substitution splicing to create elaborate fantasy effects . D.W. Griffith 's 1909 film The Curtain Pole , starring Mack Sennett , used substitution splices for comedic effect . The transformations made possible by the substitution splice were so central to early fantasy films that , in France , such films were often described simply as scènes à transformation . This technique is different from the stop motion technique , in which the entire shot is created frame by frame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f82dd9271bc326c7fa2d15ca874cf7c3",
"text": "Son of Kong Son of Kong is a 1933 American Pre-Code adventure monster film produced by RKO Pictures . Directed by Ernest Schoedsack and featuring special effects by Buzz Gibson and Willis O'Brien , the film starred Robert Armstrong , Helen Mack and Frank Reicher . This film is the lesser-known sequel to King Kong , and was released just nine months after its predecessor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f70081d43429ebaf7b74d980ae98df6",
"text": "The King Maker The King Maker ( Thai : กบฎท้าวศรีสุดาจันทร์ , or The Rebellion of Queen Sudachan , is a 2005 Thai historical drama film set during the Ayutthaya kingdom . With a storyline that shares many similarities to 2001 's The Legend of Suriyothai , The King Maker 's plot focuses on a Portuguese mercenary ( Gary Stretch ) in the service of the Siamese court . Produced by David Winters , it was the first English-language Thai film production since the 1941 film , King of the White Elephant , produced by Pridi Phanomyong . This was also the first Thai film sold to a `` Major film studio '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93acd151d44d7e51ce7acd9f5d23e30d",
"text": "Alan Greenberg (film director) Alan Greenberg ( born October 14 , 1950 in New York City , died January 27 , 2015 in Portland , OR ) was an American film director , screenwriter , photographer and author . Greenberg visited Jamaica from a young age , and was a friend of Bob Marley . Following Marley 's death , Marley 's family asked Greenberg to make a film about Marley . In 1981 , Greenberg filmed Land of Look Behind ( 1982 ) , a documentary film that includes footage of Marley 's funeral as well as scenes filmed in Jamaica 's remote Cockpit Country and the capital city of Kingston . The film ended up being more of a visionary portrait of the Jamaica of that period ( focusing on the Rastafari movement and reggae culture ) than a film primarily about Marley . The film has won considerable critical acclaim , as well as winning the Gold Hugo Award for Best Documentary in the Chicago International Film Festival , the U.S. 's largest film competition . Land of Look Behind has also been honored as the best American documentary film of its era , and the legendary filmmaker Werner Herzog says '' ` Land of Look Behind ' has achieved things never seen before in cinema . '' Greenberg worked closely with Werner Herzog on many projects . He served as a special unit photographer on the films Cape Fear '' by Martin Scorsese ( 1991 ) and 1900 , by Bernardo Bertolucci ( 1976 ) . He also wrote twenty screenplays and three books . His book Heart of Glass , about the making of the 1976 Werner Herzog masterwork of the same name , was called `` The best book on the making of a film ever written '' by Rolling Stone magazine . A new and entirely revised edition of the book , entitled , `` EVERY NIGHT THE TREES DISAPPEAR : Werner Herzog and the Making of ` Heart of Glass ' '' was published in hard cover by the Chicago Review Press . It featured Greenberg 's previously-unpublished photographs , which Herzog called `` strange and beautiful . '' '' In 2012 Greenberg was going to write and produce a film based on his acclaimed screenplay `` Love in Vain '' , a poetic account of the mysterious blues genius Robert Johnson . `` Love in Vain '' was also the first screenplay ever published by a major house ( Doubleday ) as literature . Greenberg 's latest screenplay , `` Tutankhamun - Lord of Two Lands '' , a radically researched vision of the Boy King 's murder intertwined with the intrigue surrounding his tomb 's discovery in 1922 , was to have been produced in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca22ac7cb718acabc226442ba432625f",
"text": "Land of the Blind Land of the Blind is a 2006 British-American black comedy drama film starring Ralph Fiennes , Donald Sutherland , Tom Hollander and Lara Flynn Boyle . Land of the Blind is a dark political satire , based on several incidents throughout history in which tyrannical rulers were overthrown by new leaders who proved to be just as bad , if not worse , and subtle references are made to several such cases . The title is taken from the saying , `` In the land of the blind , the one-eyed man is king . '' Land of the Blind had its world premiere in competition at the International Film Festival Rotterdam , and was the Opening Night Gala film at the 2006 Human Rights Watch Film Festival in London . Its U.S. premiere was in competition at the 2006 Tribeca Film Festival . The film sparked intense reaction during its festival run , attacked by both left and right , each of which saw the film as a critique of its position . Historical references in the film include Jean-Paul Marat ( from the French Revolution ) , Kim Jong-Il , Joseph Stalin , Benito Mussolini , Augusto Pinochet , Anastasio Somoza Debayle , François Duvalier , Rudolph Hess , Jean-Claude Duvalier , Lyndon B. Johnson , Julius Caesar ( from William Shakespeare 's play ) , Robert Mugabe , Ngo Dinh Diem , Idi Amin , the PIRA Maze prison protests , U.S. POWs in Vietnam , the Weathermen terrorist group , the Khmer Rouge , the 1979 Revolution in Iran , and the subsequent Cultural Revolution in that country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53040061fdf7fdac3017f662f66e4d94",
"text": "Kwok Mang Ho Kwok Mang Ho ( born 1947 ) , also known as Frog King , is a multi-media , conceptual , visual and performance artist from Hong Kong . According to Oscar Ho , the former exhibition director of Hong Kong Art Centre , he is one of the pioneers to engage in contemporary art in Hong Kong during the early 70s . His artistic uniqueness is best expressed in his creations `` Frogtopia '' , which takes over the exhibition space with numerous colourful mixed-media installations and graffiti of his signatured frog icon . In addition to his inexhaustible style , Kwok held a solo multimedia art exhibition representing Hong Kong `` Frogtopia-Hongkorucopia '' at the 54th Venice Biennale in 2011 . He is currently the director of the Frog King Museum at Cattle Depot Artist Village since 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91db97ce629c4218819e79675c99890e",
"text": "Mothra vs. Godzilla is a 1964 Japanese science fiction film directed by Ishiro Honda . It is the fourth film in the Godzilla film series and stars Akira Takarada , Kenji Sahara and Hiroshi Koizumi , and Haruo Nakajima as Godzilla . The film had a 200 million yen budget , approximately twice that of the original Godzilla film . On its release in the United States , the film was re-titled Godzilla vs. the Thing with some small edits involving scenes being shortened and a scene involving the American military added .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c252103bcfd5e4a88ba29679fbffed0",
"text": "Hidden Track (film) Hidden Track is a film based in Hong Kong with a mixture of Mandarin and Cantonese speakers .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
cebaea19ca7b01f59228907e53fef206 | Laura Prepon starred in Orange is the New Black. | [
{
"docid": "00ad32f68debb1ff2fdef8edd45c23bd",
"text": "Laura Prepon Laura Helene Prepon ( born March 7 , 1980 ) is an American actress , producer , and author . She is known for her role as Donna Pinciotti in all eight seasons of the Fox sitcom That '70s Show ( 1998 -- 2006 ) , and for her role as Alex Vause in the Netflix original comedy-drama series Orange Is the New Black ( 2013 -- present ) . Following That '70s Show , Prepon worked mainly in television . She made her film debut in 2001 with the independent film Southlander . Her other films include the romantic drama Come Early Morning ( 2006 ) , the comedy Lay the Favorite ( 2012 ) , the thriller The Girl on the Train ( 2016 ) , and The Hero ( 2017 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef7c39ed27bf97d8c06e1822b2b75f22",
"text": "Alex Vause Alex Vause is a fictional character played by Laura Prepon on the Netflix series Orange Is the New Black . She is a love interest of the protagonist Piper Chapman throughout the series . The character is loosely based on the real ex-girlfriend of Piper Kerman , author of Orange Is the New Black : My Year in a Women 's Prison . She is a main character in seasons one , three , and four and a recurring character in season two .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ea4c519aa43f008e736c4f28ac973900",
"text": "Big Little Lies (miniseries) Big Little Lies is an American black comedy-drama HBO miniseries created and written by David E. Kelley , based on the novel of the same name by Liane Moriarty . The series began filming in January 2016 . The miniseries consists of seven episodes , all directed by Jean-Marc Vallée . It premiered on February 19 , 2017 and concluded on April 2 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4108a8ab78ea60a7856b60320473641",
"text": "Laura Lundy Wheale Laura Lundy Wheale ( born June 21 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Laura Lundy , is an American actress , producer and attorney . Born in Birmingham , Alabama and raised in Cedartown , Georgia , Wheale was cast as a lead role in A Larger Life , alongside Fred Thompson . Wheale 's first major motion picture role came in 2016 when she was cast as Patty Lynn in Ang Lee 's Billy Lynn 's Long Halftime Walk . Shortly thereafter , she was cast as a reporter in Clint Eastwood 's Sully , starring Tom Hanks . Wheale graduated from Jacksonville State University with a degree in theatre . While in undergraduate , she played four years of full-scholarship Division 1 NCAA tennis . In 2010 , the team experienced an undefeated season and won the Ohio Valley Conference championship . After undergraduate , Wheale attended the Cumberland School of Law . Additionally , she received training in acting at the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute . Category : American actresses Category : Jacksonville State University alumni Category : Cumberland School of Law alumni Category :1988 births Category : Living people",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ac26344944851b623590def37cdae1f",
"text": "Laura Palma Laura Palma is Mexican actress and model . She studied acting in Centro de Formacion Actoral of TV Azteca .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20d98732d8672b137ee6bc8a41cec736",
"text": "Laura van den Berg Laura van den Berg is an American writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aaa0db59809a49e3821d9f9f6b302261",
"text": "Yoo Ho-jeong Yoo Ho-jeong ( born January 24 , 1969 ) is a South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in 1991 and has been starring in television and film since . Roles include a divorcee whose husband lives next door in daily drama Definitely Neighbors ( 2010 ) , and the grown-up protagonist in box office hit Sunny ( 2011 ) . In 2013 , Yoo became the host of her first ever variety show , the healthy food and lifestyle program Olive Show on cable channel O'live TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4cb62a633721cfc8699b1ffa481a09bc",
"text": "Arden Myrin Arden VanAmringe Myrin ( -LSB- məˈriːn -RSB- ) is an American actress and comedian . Arden became a new cast member on Showtime 's Shameless Season 7 , and recently appeared in the world premiere of Steve Martin 's new play Meteor Shower at the Long Wharf Theatre . Her television credits include Orange Is the New Black , Hung , Key & Peele , Inside Amy Schumer , W / Bob and David , Psych , Bones , Fresh Off The Boat , Suburgatory , 2 Broke Girls , Reno 911 ! , and Gilmore Girls among others . Arden will be seen next in the feature film Extracurricular Activities . Myrin has appeared in many films , including the Sundance Films Bachelorette , and Wrong Cops and Wrong both made by Mr. Oizo , as well as Kinsey , Morning Glory , and others . Arden 's theater credits include Robert O'Hara 's Barbecue at The Public Theater in New York City , as well as the premiere of John Ross Bowie 's play about The Ramones Four Chords and A Gun at the Bootleg Theater in Los Angeles . Arden was in the original New York City production of David Mamet 's Boston Marriage at the Public Theater , and appeared in Hay Fever directed by Darko Tresnjak at the Westport Country Playhouse . As a comedian Arden tours across the country and co-hosts a comedy show Tinkle Twins at Meltdown Comics with Dana Gould . Arden appeared on Chelsea Lately over 100 times , and is a regular panelist on @midnight . She was cast member of MadTV for the final four seasons along with Keegan-Michael Key , Jordan Peele , Ike Barinholtz , and Bobby Lee . She has appeared on Late Night with Conan O'Brian , The Howard Stern Show , WTF with Marc Maron , and RuPaul 's Drag Race . Arden is also the host of the Nerdist podcast Will You Accept This Rose ? about The Bachelor/The Bachelorette franchise .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c21ae187c6addcb69a357945512b638",
"text": "Mrs. California `` Mrs. California '' is the ninth episode of the eighth season of the American comedy television series The Office , and the show 's 161st episode overall . `` Mrs. California '' aired on NBC in the United States on December 1 , 2011 . The episode was written by consulting producer Dan Greaney , marking his first writing credit for the series , and was directed by Charlie Grandy . The series -- presented as if it were a real documentary -- depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton , Pennsylvania , branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company . In the episode , Robert California ( James Spader ) brings his wife ( Maura Tierney ) into the office for a job , and tells Andy Bernard ( Ed Helms ) behind her back not to give her one . Meanwhile , Dwight Schrute ( Rainn Wilson ) opens a gym in the building and tries to get Darryl Philbin ( Craig Robinson ) to join it . Tierney was brought in to play the role of California 's wife because showrunner Paul Lieberstein stated that he was `` a big fan of hers '' . `` Mrs. California '' received mixed responses from television critics . According to Nielsen Media Research , the episode received 5.74 million viewers and received a 2.9 rating/7 % share among adults between the ages of 18 and 49 , staying even with the ratings from the previous episode , `` Gettysburg '' . The episode also ranked at first in its time slot .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa36bfa05bcece48ad56637014921ac6",
"text": "Danielle Lydon Danielle Lydon is a British actress . She has appeared in Bad Girls as Claire Walker , EastEnders as Isla McCulloch , Holby City as Susan Whitaker , A Touch of Frost as WPC Tracy Miller and Casualty as Laura Blakeley . Perhaps her best-known role was playing Susan Bard in Basic Instinct 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34e32811d918deb8fe4281398a99a553",
"text": "Laura Petela Laura Petela ( born 8 July 1983 ) is a British television actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bdf9e80f1f58bf13240b2d35eb42534",
"text": "Pam Potillo Pamela `` Pam '' Potillo ( born April 30 , 1974 in Trenton , New Jersey ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f1f583ec7e857432bc2001bb0929cb9",
"text": "Laura San Giacomo Laura San Giacomo ( born November 14 , 1962 ) is an American actress known for playing the role of Maya Gallo on the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me ! , Kit De Luca in the film Pretty Woman , and Cynthia in Sex , Lies , and Videotape as well as other work on television and in films . She played the role of Holly Hunter 's childhood best friend on the TNT crime drama series Saving Grace .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3d4c2fe08421094ed2d6e42f9aa4a9d",
"text": "Laura Luz Laura Luz ( born Laura María de la Luz Fernández Jiménez ; May 10 , 1967 ) is a Mexican stage and television actress , born in Mexico City . She first appeared on stage at the age of 11 and her first professional work was in 1983 in the play Las Leandras . Laura has performed in numerous plays , running from comedy to drama , and including musicals . On television , she has performed in such successful programs as : Cachún cachún ra ra ( 1984 -- 1987 ) playing Olimpia . Milagro y magia ( Miracle and Magic , telenovela , 1991 ) Buscando el paraíso ( Looking for Paradise , telenovela 1994 ) In 1998 she was the principal actress of the popular Mexican situation comedy Una familia con Ángel , and in 2000 she participated in the soap opera Todo por amor ; also in 2000 , she debuted as hostess of the morning program Cada Mañana ( Every Morning ) , until she left the show for personal reasons on November 2003 . In 2001 Laura got a very strange illness in her lungs that almost killed her , that is why she created the musical `` Muerte con M de Mujer '' which she presents each November as a tribute to the death . Since 2005 , she 's been the central figure of the radio/television program Falda y pantalón ( Skirt and Pants ) for the channel Radio-Telefórmula .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e5a0949cdeb7243d2f71d035a017888",
"text": "Shallon Lester Shallon Nadine Lester is an American author and television personality . She is the central figure in reality show Downtown Girls and blogger for Glamour magazine and a popular video blogger for DoubleAgent.com . In 2008 she published a teen fiction novel , Hot Mess co-written with Slept Away author Julie Kraut . Her second novel , a collection of humor memoirs called Exes and Ohs : A Downtown Girl 's ( Mostly Awkward ) Tales of Love , Lust , Revenge and a Little Facebook Stalking , was released June 7 , 2011 through Random House . She has been a gossip writer for the New York Daily News as well as Associate Editor for FHM magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4bb227e0df2c0fdb24b9f4a09c2f4d9",
"text": "List of The Mysteries of Laura episodes The Mysteries of Laura is an American police procedural comedy-drama television series developed by Jeff Rake and executive-produced Greg Berlanti and McG . The series premiered on September 17 , 2014 , on NBC . The Mysteries of Laura stars Debra Messing in the lead role of Detective Laura Diamond , a New York City homicide detective who balances her day job with off-duty hours as a single mother of two unruly sons . On May 8 , 2015 , The Mysteries of Laura was renewed for a second season of 13 episodes , which premiered on September 23 , 2015 . On November 9 , 2015 , NBC ordered three additional episodes for the second season . On May 14 , 2016 , NBC canceled the show after two seasons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "736902b8ab6ca3c03a4b03e838e68dcf",
"text": "Robinne Lee Robinne Lee ( born July 16 , 1974 ) is an American actress and author . She made her screen debut in the 1997 independent film Hav Plenty , and later has appeared in films National Security ( 2003 ) , Deliver Us from Eva ( 2003 ) , Hitch ( 2005 ) , Seven Pounds ( 2008 ) , Fifty Shades Darker ( 2017 ) , and the upcoming Fifty Shades Freed . Her first novel will be released by St Martin 's Press in June 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab182677094177a6b0078955640f1438",
"text": "Lyndon Smith Lyndon Smith ( born June 7 , 1989 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles as Natalie on the NBC drama series Parenthood , and as Dierdre on the TNT police drama series , Public Morals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24db778ec613ab56f8e3c3be40725365",
"text": "Laura Palmer Laura Palmer is a fictional character in the Twin Peaks franchise . She is portrayed by Sheryl Lee and was created by the series creators David Lynch and Mark Frost . She first appears in the ABC original series Twin Peaks . A high school student whose death is the catalyst for the events of the series , Palmer is the protagonist in Lynch 's prequel films Fire Walk With Me ( 1992 ) and The Missing Pieces ( 2014 ) , which both depict the final week of her life leading up to her murder . Laura also appears in the novels and the 2017 revival series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2588eed0669be562704254155068831b",
"text": "Luanne Rice Luanne Rice is the New York Times bestselling American author of 32 novels that have been translated into 24 languages . She often writes about nature and the sea , and many of her novels deal with love and family . She is the author of The Lemon Orchard , Little Night , The Silver Boat and Beach Girls . Born in New Britain , Connecticut , Rice 's first published poem appeared in the Hartford Courant when she was eleven , and her first short story was published in American Girl when she was fifteen . Her debut novel , Angels All Over Town , was published in 1985 . In 2002 , Connecticut College awarded Rice an honorary degree and invited her to donate her papers to the college 's Special Collections Library . She has also received an honorary doctorate of humane letters from St. Joseph College in West Hartford , Conn. . In June 2014 , she received the 2014 Connecticut Governor 's Arts Award in the Literary Arts category for excellence and lifetime achievement as a literary artist . Rice is an avid environmentalist and advocate for families affected by domestic violence . Several of Rice 's novels have been adapted for television , including Crazy in Love for TNT , Blue Moon for CBS , Follow the Stars Home and Silver Bells for the Hallmark Hall of Fame , and Beach Girls for a Summer 2005 mini-series on Lifetime . Rice contributed a monologue to Motherhood Out Loud a play that premiered at Hartford Stage Company and was performed Off-Broadway and at the Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles . Rice divides her time between New York City , Old Lyme , Connecticut , and Southern California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab3a2030fc240b7a83ecf0d44d862987",
"text": "Black Nexxus Black Nexxus is an acting studio run by Susan Batson . It has campuses in Los Angeles , California and New York City , New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4df38fab86864ae21c18b3a17f91d3fd",
"text": "Game of Life (film) Game of Life ( originally known as Oranges ) is a 2007 film drama starring Tom Sizemore , Tom Arnold , Heather Locklear and Jill Hennessy . The film was not fully released until 2011 , when it was released under the new title Game of Life .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
ac46d9099cecf68686a54cc8bd1d4c85 | Perth is the largest city in a state. | [
{
"docid": "13161dd454642e01810cccf02946c395",
"text": "Perth Perth is the capital and largest city of the Australian state of Western Australia . It is the fourth-most populous city in Australia , with an estimated population of 2.06 million living in Greater Perth . Perth is part of the South West Land Division of Western Australia , with the majority of the metropolitan area located on the Swan Coastal Plain , a narrow strip between the Indian Ocean and the Darling Scarp . The first areas settled were on the Swan River , with the city 's central business district and port ( Fremantle ) both located on its shores . Perth was founded by Captain James Stirling in 1829 as the administrative centre of the Swan River Colony . It gained city status ( currently vested in the smaller City of Perth ) in 1856 , and was promoted to the status of a Lord Mayorality in 1929 . The city is named after Perth , Scotland , due to the influence of Sir George Murray , Member of Parliament for Perthshire and Secretary of State for War and the Colonies . The city 's population increased substantially as a result of the Western Australian gold rushes in the late 19th century . During Australia 's involvement in World War II , Fremantle served as a base for submarines operating in the Pacific Theatre , and a US Navy Catalina flying boat fleet was based at Matilda Bay . An influx of immigrants after the war , predominantly from Britain , Greece , Italy and Yugoslavia , led to rapid population growth . This was followed by a surge in economic activity flowing from several mining booms in the late 20th and early 21st centuries that saw Perth become the regional headquarters for a number of large mining operations located around the state . As part of Perth 's role as the capital of Western Australia , the state 's Parliament and Supreme Court are located within the city , as is Government House , the residence of the Governor of Western Australia . Perth came seventh in the Economist Intelligence Unit 's August 2016 list of the world 's most liveable cities , and was classified by the Globalization and World Cities Research Network in 2010 as a world city . Perth is divided into 30 local government areas and 250 suburbs , stretching from Two Rocks in the north to Singleton in the south , and east inland to The Lake . Outside of the main CBD , important urban centres within Perth include Armadale , Fremantle , Joondalup , Midland , and Rockingham . Most of those were originally established as separate settlements , and retained a distinct identity after being subsumed into the wider metropolitan area . Mandurah , Western Australia 's second-largest city , has in recent years formed a conurbation with Perth along the coast , though for most purposes it is still considered a separate city .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "706b5dc9684c0f28d2f4e9eb8ee0182e",
"text": "Joondalup (suburb) Joondalup is a suburb of Perth , Western Australia , which includes the central business district of the regional city of Joondalup , as well as the council chambers for the City of Joondalup local authority .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c47fa8c2ecc90b6ff65d8ce110ef49e1",
"text": "Forrest Highway Forrest Highway is a 95 km highway in Western Australia 's Peel and South West regions , extending Perth 's Kwinana Freeway from east of Mandurah down to Bunbury . Old Coast Road was the original Mandurah -- Bunbury route , dating back to the 1840s . Part of that road , and the Australind Bypass around Australind and Eaton , were subsumed by Forrest Highway . The highway begins at Kwinana Freeway 's southern terminus in Ravenswood , continues around the Peel Inlet to Lake Clifton , and heads south to finish at Bunbury 's Eelup Roundabout . There are a number of at-grade intersections with minor roads in the shires of Murray , Waroona , and Harvey including Greenlands Road and Old Bunbury Road , both of which connect to South Western Highway near Pinjarra . The settlement of Australind by the Western Australian Land Company in 1840 -- 41 prompted the first real need for a good quality road to Perth . A coastal Australind -- Mandurah route was completed by 2 November 1842 . Though the road was rebuilt by convicts in the 1850s , its importance was already declining . With a new road via Pinjarra at the foothills of the Darling Scarp completed in 1876 , and the opening of the Perth − Bunbury railway in 1893 , few people travelled up the old coastal road . In the late 1930s there was a proposal to re-establish the road as a tourist route , which could also reduce traffic on the main road along the foothills , but it was put on hold due to World War II . Improvements to Old Coast Road started in the early 1950s , but with little progress made until 1954 when the Main Roads Department approved # 1000 worth of works . The name `` Old Coast Road '' was formally adopted on 27 January 1959 , and a sealed road was completed in September 1969 . Since the 1980s , the state government has been upgrading the main Perth to Bunbury route , by extending Kwinana Freeway south from Perth , and constructing a dual carriageway on Old Coast Road north of Bunbury , including bypasses around Australind and Dawesville . A bypass was also planned around Mandurah , which underwent detailed environmental reviews and assessments in the 1990s and early 2000s . Construction of the New Perth Bunbury Highway project , which became Forrest Highway and the final Kwinana Freeway extension , began in December 2006 , and the new highway was opened on 20 September 2009 . Within one year of opening , the number of road accidents in the area had decreased significantly , but tourism and businesses in the towns on bypassed routes were also affected . There are few services alongside the highway , although a pair of roadhouses are planned near Greenlands Road . In June 2014 , Forrest Highway was extended south to Bunbury by renaming much of Old Coast Road as well as Australind Bypass as part of the highway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76b9f52585e2791ea100a3d86a483f1e",
"text": "Shire of Perenjori The Shire of Perenjori is a local government area in the Mid West region of Western Australia , about 360 km north of the state capital , Perth . The Shire covers an area of 8313 km2 , and its seat of government is the town of Perenjori .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d89f24d7f2ea4f00a8b4e0710017948",
"text": "Canning Dam The Canning Dam and reservoir provide a major fresh water resource for the city of Perth , Western Australia . The dam is situated on the Darling Scarp and is an impoundment of the Canning River . It is noted for its innovative structural and hydraulic design that was considered to be at the forefront of concrete gravity dam design at the time of construction . The Canning Dam was Perth 's primary water supply up until the 1960s when other sources of fresh water were tapped . Currently the dam supplies approximately 20 percent of Perth 's fresh water . Inflow into the Canning Reservoir is estimated to be 22 GL and has a storage capacity of 90352 Ml . Since its completion in 1940 , the Canning Dam has contributed to a wide range of environmental and ecological problems in surrounding regions , problems include more common algal blooms , habitat loss and sedimentation . Despite these issues , Canning Dam and the adjacent parks and forests provide a variety of recreational activities for the public such as bushwalking , historic walks and picnic facilities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58bf02aae92e7b6d58b5f420a17fdd8c",
"text": "Shire of Quairading The Shire of Quairading is a local government area in the Wheatbelt region of Western Australia , about 170 km east of the state capital , Perth . The Shire covers an area of 2018 km2 , and its seat of government is the town of Quairading .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71eb2d16996166cb198836eda4a5f579",
"text": "City of Albany The City of Albany is a local government area in the Great Southern region of Western Australia , about 410 km south-southeast of Perth , the capital of Western Australia . It covers an area of 4312.3 km2 , including the Greater Albany metropolitan area and the Port of Albany , as well as the surrounding agricultural district and some national parks . The City of Albany had a population of 33,650 at the 2011 census .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6db16358db040727fc288d544a72b89",
"text": "Hillman, Western Australia Hillman is an outer southern suburb of Perth , the capital city of Western Australia , located within the City of Rockingham . It is principally a suburb of residential dwellings , and is the location of Hillman Primary School . The suburb was created and named in 1970 after Alfred Hillman , a draftsman , surveyor and explorer , who arrived in Western Australia in 1831 and made many initial surveys in the Rockingham area . On 7 May 2009 , a boundary realignment of Cooloongup and Hillman approved by the Minister for Lands incorporated the Rockingham Train Station into Rockingham . A significant portion of the north and east portions of the suburb is incorporated into Rockingham Lakes Regional Park .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "def83c499b8082bc88bf7b19f1a7b409",
"text": "Great Southern (Western Australia) __ NOTOC __ The Great Southern Region is one of the nine regions of Western Australia , as defined by the Regional Development Commissions Act 1993 , for the purposes of economic development . It is a section of the larger South Coast of Western Australia and neighbouring agricultural regions . The region officially comprises the local government areas of Albany , Broomehill-Tambellup , Cranbrook , Denmark , Gnowangerup , Jerramungup , Katanning , Kent , Kojonup , Plantagenet and Woodanilling . The Great Southern Region has an area of 39007 km2 and a population of about 54,000 . Its administrative centre is the historic port of Albany . It has a Mediterranean climate , with hot , dry summers and cool , wet winters . The economy of the Great Southern Region is dominated by livestock farming and crop-growing . It has some of the most productive cereal grain and pastoral land in the state , and is a major producer of wool and lamb . Albany is a major fishing centre . The coast of the Great Southern Region has milder summer weather than areas on the west coast proper and is also a popular destination for holidaymakers , tourists , anglers and surfers . Albany is home to the Kalgan River which is associated with riverboats , from 1918 to 1935 with the Silver Star which lowered its funnel to get under a bridge , and today with the Kalgan Queen which lowers its roof to pass beneath the same bridge . Noongar people have inhabited the region for tens of thousands of years . European settlement began with the establishment of a temporary British military base , commanded by Major Edmund Lockyer , at King George Sound ( Albany ) on Christmas Day , 1826 . Albany is consequently regarded as the oldest European settlement in Western Australia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "518e93c2dc3f00830b57ae4b4977c37b",
"text": "Transport in South Australia Transport in South Australia is provided by a mix of road , rail , sea and air transport . The capital city of Adelaide is the centre to transport in the state . With its population of 1.1 million people , it has the majority of the state 's 1.6 million inhabitants . Adelaide has the state 's major airport and sea port . Road transport is predominant in the state . Its extensive road network connect the state 's regional centres and other towns , few of which have populations greater than 10,000 . Private cars are a dominant form of transport throughout . Adelaide is an isolated city with Melbourne , the nearest city , being 800 km away . This makes air transport important form of travel to other cities . The state is a land transport hub between the eastern states of Australia , Western Australia and the Northern Territory . The town of Port Augusta at the top of the Spencer Gulf is the only railway link , and one of only two sealed road links from the eastern states . Most major surface freight passes through this town .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17ee9c30b073bccfc8b0ce94949f4f3d",
"text": "North Perth North Perth may refer to : North Perth , Ontario , Canada North Perth , Western Australia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e51b40019bd2502fe5332b528c571680",
"text": "Government House, Perth Government House is the official residence of the Governor of Western Australia , situated in the central business district of Perth , the state capital . It was built between 1859 and 1864 , in the Jacobean Revival style . Government House is located on St Georges Terrace ( Perth 's main thoroughfare ) , sitting on the same block as Council House and the Supreme Court buildings . The site has been used by governors since the establishment of the Swan River Colony in 1829 , with the current structure built to replace an existing wooden building . The buildings and gardens of Government House are of exceptional heritage significance , being listed on the Western Australian Register of Heritage Places and classified by the National Trust . They are regularly opened for public viewing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1296a5121871d65a4fb4389c0d5afdd6",
"text": "Dumas House Dumas House is a fourteen storey office building constructed in Perth , Western Australia during the 1960s . The building is located close to St Georges Terrace , Kings Park , and Parliament House . Dumas House was part of the 1955 plan to centralise all WA Government departments near Parliament House , based on the Stephenson-Hepburn Report . Several such plans had been proposed since the late 1920s , but post-World War II State finances and resources were unable to support the proposals . Public Works Department architects G. Finn , E. Van Mens and P. Maidment won a national competition to design the five office buildings that would house the departments . Dumas House was completed in 1965 , and was the only building constructed on the site out of the five planned . Originally called ` Government Building ' , Dumas House was opened by Premier David Brand on 4 March 1966 . Brand 's speech at the opening focused on the building 's importance to the State : It is a big building , and I think a handsome one . But this is not the important point at today 's ceremony . As I see it , this building is important not only because it provides essential office accommodation of a good standard essential for workers but because it is a symbol of a great era of progress for Western Australia . It is one of the signs of the beginning of a new age of development - aided by science , aided by an unprecedented inflow of capital funds , aided by great enthusiasm for the harnessing of our enormous resources and spurred on by the enterprise of thousands of people , partnerships , groups and companies from one end of the State to the other . I believe history will look back on the ` sixties as one of the landmarks in the story of our State . In 1968 , the State government scrapped its plans for five office buildings on the site for two reasons : increased traffic caused by the first building was such that the traffic for five buildings would have been unbearable , and politicians believed that five buildings on such a prominent site would give the appearance of ` dominance by the bureaucracy - a `` big brother '' complex . ' The building was named ` Dumas House ' in February 1978 , in honour of Sir Russell Dumas , who was the Director of Works and Buildings for the Public Works Department between 1941 and 1953 . Dumas House is an example of the Post-War International style of architecture , with a modular grid building plan , glazed panelling and an open piazza . The International style was adapted for Australian conditions by adding horizontal slabs that project from the sides of the building and provide shade . The building 's construction , including fittings , cost $ 4,900,000 . The building is owned by the Department of Housing and Works of the Government of Western Australia . In 1985 , consideration was given to the presence of asbestos in the construction of the building . Extensive refurbishment of the building 's interior was undertaken in 2012 , and façade restoration works in 2015-2016 . The Perth weather radar used to be housed on its roof .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44e5c886328a26bc9d4fc1d486527ba4",
"text": "Western Australian state election, 1911 Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 3 October 1911 to elect 50 members to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly . The Labor Party , led by Opposition Leader John Scaddan , defeated the conservative Ministerialist government led by Premier Frank Wilson . In doing so , Scaddan achieved both Labor 's first absolute majority on the floor of the Assembly with 68 % of the seats ( 34 of 50 ) won , and its largest to date . The result came as something of a surprise to many commentators and particularly to the Ministerialists , as they went to an election for the first time as a single grouping backed by John Forrest 's Western Australian Liberal League , under a new system of compulsory preferential voting and new electoral boundaries both of which had been passed by Parliament earlier in the year despite ardent Labor opposition . The 1911 election is considered by political historians such as Brian de Garis and David Black to mark the end of the first phase of the development of party politics in Western Australia , which had begun with the granting of responsible government to the then British colony in 1890 . Labor held onto government with a one-seat majority in the following 1914 election but lost power in 1916 after losing a by-election and after another member left the Labor Party to sit as an Independent . The Scaddan government was characterised by its involvement in a number of State-owned manufacturing and service businesses on the back of a relatively sluggish economy . The Government Trading Concerns Act 1912 saw it establishing and running the State Brickworks , the State Saw Mills , the State Implement Works , the State Shipping Service , the State Hotels , the State Quarry at Boya as well as meatworks , ferries and tramways .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09df016a2a047e37069f53f0f2cbbffd",
"text": "List of mayors of Fremantle Fremantle , Western Australia was initially incorporated as a Town Trust with limited powers on 17 April 1848 . The Municipal Institutions Act 1871 empanelled the Town Council with a Mayor , and it was made a Municipal Council in 1883 . On 3 June 1929 , Fremantle was declared a city -- Western Australia 's second after Perth , which was declared in 1856 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69698123e0d14c061f8513b7a09c1013",
"text": "Neerabup, Western Australia Neerabup is a rural locality in Perth , the capital of Western Australia within the local government area of the City of Wanneroo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4874ee0f409824a5394ffd019f639206",
"text": "City of Bunbury The City of Bunbury is a local government area in the South West region of Western Australia , covering an area of 65.7 km2 along the coast about 180 km south of Perth , the capital of Western Australia . The City of Bunbury is one of four local governments comprising the Greater Bunbury sub-region . As at 30 June 2010 , the City of Bunbury had an estimated population of 34,626 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7463500e834387b8c395bc7415d511a",
"text": "Western Australian state election, 1943 Elections were held in the state of Western Australia on 20 November 1943 to elect all 50 members to the Legislative Assembly . The Labor Party , led by Premier John Willcock , won a fourth term in office against the Country and Nationalist parties , led by Opposition Leader Arthur Watts and Robert Ross McDonald respectively . The election took place in the midst of World War II , and as such , turnout was considerably down on the previous election . The election was delayed from its intended date of February 1942 by the Legislative Assembly Duration and General Election Postponement Acts ( No 51 of 1941 , assented 16 January 1942 , and No 18 of 1942 , assented 9 December 1942 ) due to the war . In the previous term , two changes of membership occurred at by-elections . George Lambert , the Labor member for Yilgarn-Coolgardie , died on 30 June 1941 and was replaced by former Labor branch secretary Lionel Kelly , running under the `` Independent Country '' banner . He ultimately joined the Labor Party and became a minister in the Bert Hawke government in the 1950s . In 1943 , long-serving and colourful independent Thomas Hughes resigned his seat of East Perth to contest the federal seat of Perth . It was picked up by Labor 's Herb Graham . Prior to the election , former Independent Nationalist Arthur Abbott joined the Nationalist Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3b2a5393e33111e276c476b19798cf7",
"text": "Anglican Diocese of Perth The Anglican Diocese of Perth is one of the 23 dioceses of the Anglican Church of Australia . The constitution of the Diocese of Perth was passed and adopted in 1872 at the first synod held in Western Australia . In 1914 , the Province of Western Australia was created and the diocesan bishop became ex officio metropolitan bishop of the new province and therefore also an archbishop . The diocese incorporates the southern part of the state of Western Australia and includes the Christmas and Cocos Islands . The other dioceses in the Anglican Province of Western Australia are the Diocese of Bunbury and the Diocese of North West Australia . The diocese has traditionally had a variety of churchmanship and in recent years has largely moved toward a more liberal and moderate Catholic style . There are , however , parishes and clergy representative of all the main Anglican traditions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d41228bf6dd4508dd5f4c111ba9641e",
"text": "Melaleuca, Western Australia Melaleuca is a suburb of Perth , Western Australia , located in the City of Swan local government area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81a3c3c81b9a62ab97c46278ada16f73",
"text": "Forrest Chase Forrest Chase is a major shopping centre in Forrest Place located in Perth , Western Australia .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f8ed5485b4465695049bad9da947cd5b | South America is home to the Amazon River, the largest river in the world. | [
{
"docid": "2d28c350f5b9b4085a145ecdd3c0fb2f",
"text": "South America South America is a continent located in the western hemisphere , mostly in the southern hemisphere , with a relatively small portion in the northern hemisphere . It may also be considered a subcontinent of the Americas , which is the model used in nations that speak Romance languages . The reference to South America instead of other regions ( like Latin America or the Southern Cone ) has increased in the last decades due to changing geopolitical dynamics ( in particular , the rise of Brazil ) . It is bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the north and east by the Atlantic Ocean ; North America and the Caribbean Sea lie to the northwest . It includes twelve sovereign states ( Argentina , Bolivia , Brazil , Chile , Colombia , Ecuador , Guyana , Paraguay , Peru , Suriname , Uruguay , and Venezuela ) , a part of France ( French Guiana ) , and a non-sovereign area ( the Falkland Islands , a British Overseas Territory though this is disputed by Argentina ) . In addition to this , the ABC islands of the Kingdom of the Netherlands , Trinidad and Tobago , and Panama may also be considered part of South America . South America has an area of 17,840,000 square kilometers ( 6,890,000 sq mi ) . Its population has been estimated at more than 371,090,000 . South America ranks fourth in area ( after Asia , Africa , and North America ) and fifth in population ( after Asia , Africa , Europe , and North America ) . Brazil is by far the most populous South American country , with more than half of the continent 's population , followed by Colombia , Argentina , Venezuela and Peru . In recent decades Brazil has also concentrated half of the region 's GDP and has become a first regional power . Most of the population lives near the continent 's western or eastern coasts while the interior and the far south are sparsely populated . The geography of western South America is dominated by the Andes mountains ; in contrast , the eastern part contains both highland regions and large lowlands where rivers such as the Amazon , Orinoco , and Paraná flow . Most of the continent lies in the tropics . The continent 's cultural and ethnic outlook has its origin with the interaction of indigenous peoples with European conquerors and immigrants and , more locally , with African slaves . Given a long history of colonialism , the overwhelming majority of South Americans speak Portuguese or Spanish , and societies and states commonly reflect Western traditions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a6d1990e914ab4d1804a1d4a11cd055",
"text": "Amazon River The Amazon River , usually abbreviated to Amazon ( -LSB- ˈæməzɒn -RSB- or -LSB- ˈæməzən -RSB- Spanish and Amazonas ) , in South America is the largest river by discharge volume of water in the world and according to some authors , the longest in length . The headwaters of the Apurímac River on Nevado Mismi had been considered for nearly a century as the Amazon 's most distant source , until a 2014 study found it to be the Cordillera Rumi Cruz at the headwaters of the Mantaro River in Peru . The Mantaro and Apurímac confluence , and with other tributaries form the Ucayali River , which in turn confluences with the Marañón River upstream of Iquitos , Peru , to form what countries other than Brazil consider to be the main stem of the Amazon . Brazilians call this section the Solimões River above its confluence with the Rio Negro to form what Brazilians call the Amazon at the Meeting of Waters ( Encontro das Águas ) at Manaus , the river 's largest city . At an average discharge of about 209000 m3/s -- approximately 6591 km3/a , greater than the next seven largest independent rivers combined -- the Amazon represents 20 % of the global riverine discharge to the ocean . The Amazon basin is the largest drainage basin in the world , with an area of approximately 7050000 km2 . The portion of the river 's drainage basin in Brazil alone is larger than any other river 's basin . The Amazon enters Brazil with only one-fifth of the flow it finally discharges into the Atlantic Ocean , yet already has a greater flow at this point than the discharge of any other river .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "51802ea2dd8315259856dae72648587a",
"text": "Humboldt Current The Humboldt Current System ( HCS ) , also called the Peru Current , is a major Eastern Boundary Upwelling Ecosystem that flows north along the western coast of South America . It is an eastern boundary current flowing in the direction of the equator , and extend 500-1 ,000 kilometers offshore . The Humboldt Current is named after the Prussian naturalist Alexander von Humboldt . In 1846 , von Humboldt reported measurements of the cold-water current in his book Cosmos . The current extends from the southern Chile ( ~ 45 'S ) to northern Peru ( ~ 4 'S ) where cold , upwelled waters intersect warm tropical waters to form the Equatorial Front . Sea surface temperatures off the coast of Peru , around 5 'S , reach temperatures as low as 16 ' C . This is highly uncharacteristic of tropical waters , as most other regions have temperatures measuring above 25 ' C. Upwelling brings nutrients to the surface , which support phytoplankton and ultimately increase biological productivity . Upwelling within the current is not uniform across the entire system . Three notable upwelling subsystems are produced by this current : i ) seasonal upwelling in Chile , ii ) upwelling `` shadow '' that is less productive , but still large in northern Chile and Southern Peru , and iii ) year-round upwelling in Peru . The Humboldt Current is considered a Class I , highly productive ( > 300 gC/m2-yr ) , ecosystem . It is the most productive eastern boundary current system . It accounts for roughly 18-20 % of the total worldwide marine fish catch . The species are mostly pelagic : sardines , anchovies and jack mackerel . The system 's high productivity supports other important fishery resources as well as marine mammals ( eared seals and cetaceans ) and seabirds . The cold , nutrient-rich water brought to the surface by upwelling drives the system 's extraordinary productivity.Periodically , the upwelling that drives the system 's productivity is disrupted by the El Niño-Southern Oscillation ( ENSO ) event . When this occurs , fish abundance and distribution are significantly affected , often leading to stock crashes and cascading social and economic impacts . These events have led to sequential changes , where sardines and anchovies have replaced each other periodically as the dominant species in the ecosystem . These species changes can have negative consequences for the fishing industry and the economies of the countries that fish the system . The Humboldt has a considerable cooling influence on the climate of Chile , Peru and Ecuador . It is also largely responsible for the aridity of Atacama Desert in northern Chile and coastal areas of Peru and also of the aridity of southern Ecuador . Marine air is cooled by the current and thus is not conducive to generating precipitation ( although clouds and fog are produced ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ec9507f703484167de2ac71ac9ada78",
"text": "Mapinguari National Park Mapinguari National Park ( Parque Nacional Mapinguari ) is a national park in the states of Rondônia and Amazonas , Brazil . It covers a large area of Amazon rainforest . The boundaries have been adjusted several times .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f67812d6a026a9830ed49cd06a0b5f53",
"text": "Paulistas Paulistas are the inhabitants of the state of São Paulo , Brazil , and of its antecessor the Capitaincy of São Vicente , whose capital early shifted from the village of São Vicente to the one of São Paulo dos Campos de Piratininga . The early population of São Paulo consisted mainly of indigenous Amerindian with few Portuguese settlers . The Portuguese settlements were small . As the Bandeirantes gained power and the vice-kingdom of Brazil developed , the Portuguese element predominated in the population , the Indians being either absorbed or killed . But the province of São Paulo , enlarged by the Bandeiras to include Mato Grosso , Goiás , Paraná and Santa Catarina , remained undeveloped , having neither the gold of Minas Gerais nor the sugar cane of Pernambuco . As a consequence , it did not receive the same influx of black slaves during the 16th and 17th centuries as the more prosperous provinces of Brazil . Nevertheless , the number of black slaves increased substantially in São Paulo during the Brazilian Empire , as the slave traffic reached its peak during the first half of the 19th century . After the abolition of the international slave trade in 1850 , many more slaves were transferred from declining regions of Brazil ( such as the Northeast ) to work in coffee plantations . The economic development of São Paulo only really took off with the founding of coffee plantations in the nineteenth century . Those coffee plantations were manned , from the beginning , by slaves , and remained so during most of the 19th century . Not even the abolition of the transatlantic trade changed this , with the coffee barons resorting to the import of slaves from the Northeastern and Southern regions . Both the coffee planters and the Brazilian government , however , were aware that the abolition of slavery could be postponed but not avoided at all ; as a result , a few experiments in immigration were tried during this period , and some ideas were discussed , including the immigration of Chinese workers . Only in the 1880s , however , did immigration start in earnest . From then on , immigration was the solution adopted to what was seen as a labour shortage , and Italian and Spanish immigrants made the bulk of the workers brought to coffee plantations ; the reasons why ex-slaves were not employed , or were only marginally employed , are unclear and subject to debate . Much is made of a supposed `` whitening '' ideology , or even `` program '' , but the cold fact is that , when faced with the impossibility of obtaining European manpower , the coffee barons had no qualms about resorting to Japanese immigrants . A curious fact from this period was the immigration of US Southerners moving from a country where slavery had been abolished to one where it still existed . Of course , those were not manual workers and did n't come to work in coffee plantations . The wealth produced by coffee culture eventually sparked urbanisation and industrialisation ; the growing urban environment attracted even more immigrants , especially Armenians and other Europeans , Syrians and Lebanese . Later , as the foreign immigration declined , a strong chain of internal migration from the Brazilian Northeast developed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49071390969a23d6c7b64e5646ef95c6",
"text": "Uruá River Uruá River is a river of Amazonas state in north-western Brazil . The river is located between the Negro River and the Amazon River . The river has been tested for populations of giant otter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7eafdf279b21f27a50fe329aff9c51ea",
"text": "National Parks in the Chaco, Paraguay The great American Chaco is a plain of about 1.000.000 km2 . It covers parts of Bolivia , Paraguay , Brazil and Argentina . It is a region with its own characteristics , which has very particular types of animals and plants . The Great South American Chaco is a plain and its formation , millions of years ago , is very closely related to the formation of the Andes and the erosive process afterwards . Originally the Chaco was a hole , which within time , was filled with sediments of aerial origin ( through the wind action ) and of pluvial nature ( through the rivers taking and depositing sediments along the Chaco ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b19996e28c951678d783359c7ec9b74",
"text": "Río Negro (Central America) Río Negro ( -LSB- ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo -RSB- ) is a river that divides the countries of Honduras and Nicaragua along the Pacific coast . Its path was substantially altered by Hurricane Mitch in October 1998 . It mostly runs through a very undeveloped jungle region of the 2 countries . Category : Rivers of Honduras Category : Rivers of Nicaragua",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca6f5f2929c7c856b323237be1a8b735",
"text": "South Region, Brazil The South Region of Brazil ( Região Sul do Brasil ) is one of the five regions of Brazil . It includes the states of Paraná , Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul and covers 576,409.6 km2 , being the smallest portion of the country , occupying only about 6.76 % of the territory of Brazil . Its whole area is smaller than that of the state of Minas Gerais , in Southeast Brazil , for example . It is a great tourist , economic and cultural pole . It borders Uruguay , Argentina , and Paraguay as well as the Centre-West Region , the Southeast Region and the Atlantic Ocean .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73052663377d9a4c9c89ba6eb2e882e6",
"text": "List of longest rivers of the United States (by main stem) The main stems of 38 rivers in the United States are at least 500 mi long . The main stem is `` the primary downstream segment of a river , as contrasted to its tributaries '' . The United States Geological Survey ( USGS ) defines a main-stem segment by listing coordinates for its two end points , called the source and the mouth . Well-known rivers like the Atchafalaya , Willamette , and Susquehanna are not included in this list because their main stems are shorter than 500 miles . Seven rivers in this list cross or form international boundaries . Two -- the Yukon and Columbia rivers -- begin in Canada and flow into the United States . Three -- the Milk and Saint Lawrence rivers and the Red River of the North -- begin in the United States and flow into Canada . Of these , only the Milk River crosses the international border twice , leaving and then re-entering the United States . Two rivers , the Colorado and the Rio Grande , begin in the United States and flow into or form a border with Mexico . In addition , the drainage basins of the Mississippi and Missouri rivers extend into Canada , and the basin of the Gila River extends into Mexico . Sources report hydrological quantities with varied precision . Biologist and author Ruth Patrick , describing a table of high-discharge U.S. rivers , wrote that data on discharge , drainage area , and length varied widely among authors whose works she consulted . `` It seems , '' she said , `` that the wisest course is to regard data tables such as the present one as showing the general ranks of rivers , and not to place too much importance on minor ( 10 -- 20 % ) differences in figures . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0830dbdaddf132f3e38d7eedef9e2e33",
"text": "Continental Divide of the Americas The Continental Divide of the Americas ( also known as the Great Divide , the Continental Gulf of Division , or merely the Continental Divide ) is the principal , and largely mountainous , hydrological divide of the Americas . The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan , and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from ( 1 ) those river systems that drain into the Atlantic Ocean ( including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea ) , and ( 2 ) along the northernmost reaches of the Divide , those river systems that drain into the Arctic Ocean . Though there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas , the Great Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes , at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1238f76abf033ee5f165f3bc8b9adfd",
"text": "List of butterflies of the Amazon River basin and the Andes This is a list of butterflies of the Amazon River basin and the Andes . The Amazon River basin may be the most speciose region for butterflies . Nine countries have territory in the Amazon River basin or immediately adjoin this region : Brazil , Bolivia , Peru , Ecuador , Colombia , Venezuela , Guyana , Suriname , and French Guiana . The Andes extends from north to south through seven South American countries : Venezuela , Colombia , Ecuador , Peru , Bolivia , Chile , and Argentina . The fauna of the Andes is also diverse . Both regions have many endemic species . South America as a whole constitutes the Neotropical realm . Habitats in these two regions are very various and include Amazon rainforest , Atlantic forest , Los Llanos grasslands , Puna grassland and Valdivian temperate rain forest . Peru east of the Andes is regarded as the most important biodiversity hotspot in the world . The two regions ( Amazon and Andes ) are South America proper excluding the pampas plains of Uruguay and Paraguay which have a distinct butterfly fauna . Isolation has led to the evolution of endemic higher taxa . Instances are Ithomiinae , Dismorphiinae , Phyciodina , Pyrrhopygini , Eumaeini ( over 1,000 species ) , Pronophilina and Eudaminae . Endemic genera ( among very many ) include Morpho , Agrias , Prepona Caligo , Cithaerias , Catagramma , Parides , Hamadryas , Nessaea , Marpesia , Melanis Mesosemia , Symmachia , Evenus , Memphis , Pierella , and Astraptes . Other higher taxa are most speciose in the Neotropics , for instance Riodininae . Many species , notably Heliconius , are members of complex mimicry rings . Adaptive radiation has led to many species being geographically diverse . Examples are Consul fabius and Mechanitis lysimnia . Notable entomologists associated with Neotropical butterflies are Jean Baptiste Godart , Henry Walter Bates , William Chapman Hewitson , Hans Fruhstorfer , Otto Staudinger , Karl Jordan and Walter Rothschild , Anton Fassl , Hermann Burmeister , William Schaus , Eugène Le Moult , Richard Haensch , Gustav Weymer , Ferdinand Heinrich Hermann Strecker , Andrey Avinoff , Carlos Berg , and Vladimir Nabokov .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f37f3fb70965662aa62302eb80989c8",
"text": "Paragua River The Paragua River is a river of Venezuela . It is part of the Orinoco River basin . It is the largest tributary of the Caroní River . The river drains the Guayanan Highlands moist forests ecoregion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "538dbce7ad3d7338594841e687e93133",
"text": "Rio Grande (Dois Rios) Rio Grande ( Portuguese for `` great river '' ) is a river of Rio de Janeiro state in southeastern Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a699f6127d3753a5b67973b7bcdaaea9",
"text": "French Guiana French Guiana ( pronounced -LSB- giːˈɑːnə -RSB- or -LSB- giːˈænə -RSB- , Guyane française -LSB- ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz -RSB- ) , officially called Guiana ( Guyane ) , is an overseas department and region of France , located on the north Atlantic coast of South America in the Guyanas . It borders Brazil to the east and south , and Suriname to the west . Its 83,534 km2 area has a very low population density of only 3 inhabitants per km2 , with half of its 244,118 inhabitants in 2013 living in the metropolitan area of Cayenne , its capital . By land area , it is the second largest region of France and the largest outermost region within the European Union . Both the region and the department have been ruled since December 2015 by a single assembly within the framework of a new territorial collectivity , the French Guiana Territorial Collectivity ( French : collectivité territoriale de Guyane ) . This assembly , the French Guiana Assembly ( French : assemblée de Guyane ) , has replaced the former regional council and departmental council , which were both disbanded . The French Guiana Assembly is in charge of regional and departmental government . Its president is Rodolphe Alexandre . The area was originally inhabited by Native Americans . The first French establishment is recorded in 1503 but the French presence did n't really become durable until 1643 and the foundation of Cayenne . Guiana then became a slave colony and saw its population increase until the official abolition of slavery at the time of the French revolution . Guiana temporarily became a French department in 1797 but was gradually transformed into a penal colony with the establishment of a network of camps and penitentiaries spread over the coast where prisoners were sentenced to forced labor . During World War II , the Guianan Félix Éboué was one of the first to stand behind General de Gaulle as early as June 18 , 1940 . Guiana officially rallied Free France in 1943 . It definitively abandoned its status as a colony and became again a French department in 1946 . De Gaulle , who became president , decided to establish the Guiana Space Center in 1965 . It is now operated by the CNES , Arianespace and the European Space Agency ( ESA ) . Several thousand Hmong refugees from Laos migrated to French Guiana in the late 1970s and early 1980s . Nowadays fully integrated in the French central state , Guiana is a part of the European Union , and its official currency is the euro . The region is the most prosperous territory in South America with the highest GDP per capita . A large part of Guiana 's economy derives from the presence of the Guiana Space Centre , now the European Space Agency 's primary launch site near the equator . As elsewhere in France , the official language is French , but each ethnic community has its own language , of which Guianan Creole is the most widely spoken .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf2b045b7fa187c45c03da7c7902e09f",
"text": "National park (Brazil) National Parks ( Parques nacionais ) are a legally-defined type of protected area of Brazil . The first parks were created in the 1930s , and other parks were gradually added , typically protecting a natural monument such as a waterfall or gorge near to a coastal population centre . At least two early parks were later submerged by hydroelectric reservoirs . The first park in the Amazon rainforest was inaugurated in 1974 . Today the national parks cover a huge area , particularly in the Amazon . However , many of them suffer from outstanding claims for compensation from former owners or users of the land , and many lack the management plans , physical infrastructure and personnel needed to support public visits . The responsible government agency does not have the capacity to provide services such as food and drink , souvenir sales and guided tours , and bureaucracy has delayed letting the private sector bid on providing such services .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9c1fb6819cc0f9450f2122bf26232f9",
"text": "Manacapuru River Manacapuru River is a river of Amazonas state in north-western Brazil . It flows into the Amazon River ( Solimões section ) at the city of Manacapuru , about 80 km upstream ( west ) from Manaus . Parts of the river are very broad , appearing as elongated lakes , with the uppermost known as Lago Grande de Manacapuru ( `` Large Manacapuru Lake '' ) and the lowermost , near where it merges into the Amazon , as Lago Manacapuru ( `` Lake Manacapuru '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "897e891aa53a3ce663a255a794dbb824",
"text": "Name of Brazil The name Brazil is a shortened from of Terra do Brasil , land of Brazil , a reference to brazilwood , given in the early 16th century to the territories leased to the merchant consortium led by Fernão de Loronha for commercial exploitation of brazilwood for the production of wood dyes for the European textile industry . The term for the brazilwood tree in Portuguese , pau-brasil , is derived from brasa ( ember ) , a reference to the colour , formed from medieval Latin brasa , from Old French brese , `` ember , glowing charcoal '' , in turn from a West Germanic * brasa ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f82b33091284fae4896eecb723feb066",
"text": "Lauca River The Lauca River is a binational river . It originates in the Chilean Altiplano of the Arica and Parinacota Region , crosses the Andes and empties into Coipasa Lake in Bolivia . The upper reach of the river lies within the boundaries of Lauca National Park in the Parinacota Province . Lauca River receives waters from a group of lakes known as Quta Qutani through the Desaguadero River . In this area there is a type of marsh known as Parinacota wetlands , in which converge several streams , being the more important the river just mentioned , which has a variable flow rate ranging from 100 to 560 l/s , and an average of 260 l/s . From its source in the Parinacota wetlands the river flows west . The spurs of the Cordillera Central ( also known as Chapiquiña ) form an obstacle impossible to pass through , forcing the river 's course southward . In the vicinity of Wallatiri volcano , the Lauca turns again , now eastward crossing from Chile into Bolivia at the latitude of Macaya , at an elevation of 3,892 m asl and with a flow rate about 2,6 m ³ / s . In Chile the river drains an area of 2,350 km ² . In the Bolivian Altiplano , the Lauca collects the waters of the rivers Sajama and Coipasa , raising its flow rate up to 8 m ³ / s before turning south to empty into Coipasa Lake , close to the salt flat of the same name . During the 1930s , the Chilean government begun to use the hydrical resources of Lauca river for irrigation in the Azapa Valley , generating a complaint from Bolivian government who argued that Chilean authorities were altering the course of an international river . Chile answered that the natural course of the river was not modified , but the works executed were related to the use of waters in the Parinacota wetlands , which not affect the total water flow of the Lauca in its course to Bolivia . The litigation between both countries , started in 1939 , caused diplomatic tension until the 1960s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86686dee885f99fe25b2f258a5561895",
"text": "Life zones of Peru When the Spanish arrived , they divided Peru ( very simplistically ) into three main regions : the coastal region ( 11.6 % of Peru ) , that is bounded by the Pacific Ocean ; the highlands ( 28.1 % of Peru ) , that is located on the Andean Heights , and the jungle , that is located on the Amazonian Jungle ( Climate of Peru ) . But Javier Pulgar Vidal ( es ) , a geographer who studied the biogeographic reality of the Peruvian territory for a long time , proposed the creation of eight Natural Regions . In 1941 , he presented his thesis `` Las Ocho Regiones Naturales del Perú '' at the III General Assembly of the Pan-American Institute of Geography and History . These eight Peruvian regions are : Chala or Coast ( subtropical dry and tropical savanna ) Yungas Fluvial Yunga Loma-Vegetation Quechua Suni or Jalca Puna Janca Rupa - Rupa or Highland Jungle Omagua or Lowland Jungle",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7758f561470cb79a6b012a9bdeb3e658",
"text": "List of birds of Brazil Brazil has one of the richest bird diversities in the world . The avifauna of Brazil include a total of 1799 species , of which 231 are endemic . Four have been introduced by humans , 69 are rare or accidental , and four are extinct or extirpated . An additional 24 species are hypothetical ( see below ) . Brazil hosts about 60 % of the bird species recorded for all of South America . These numbers are still increasing almost every year , due to new occurrences , new species being described , or splits of existing species . About 10 % of the bird species found in Brazil are , nonetheless , threatened . In June 2013 a simultaneous discovery of fifteen bird species in Brazil was announced , the first such since 1871 , when August von Pelzeln described forty new species . The birds were from the families Corvidae , Thamnophilidae , Dendrocolaptidae , Tyrannidae , and Polioptilidae . Eleven of the new species are endemics of Brazil and four also inhabit Peru and Bolivia . This list 's taxonomic treatment ( designation and sequence of orders , families , and species ) and nomenclature ( common and scientific names ) follow the conventions of The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World , 2016 edition . Except as an entry is cited otherwise , the list of species is that of the South American Classification Committee ( SACC ) of the American Ornithologists ' Union . The taxonomy used by the SACC differs from `` Clements '' , and significant differences in names are noted . Especially see typical antbirds and puffbirds ; entries in those families increase the above total species count by two and decrease the endemic count by one , respectively . Differences from `` Clements '' in the sequence of orders , families , and species within families are not noted . Several new species have been proposed and are under consideration by the SACC ; one is listed here . The following tags have been used to highlight certain categories , but not all species fall into one of these categories . Those that do not are commonly occurring native species . ( A ) Accidental - a species that rarely or accidentally occurs in Brazil ( E ) Endemic - a species endemic to Brazil ( I ) Introduced - a species introduced to Brazil as a consequence , direct or indirect , of human actions ( H ) Hypothetical - a species recorded but with `` no tangible evidence '' according to the SACC",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81b9e58993e2e9a636fb9e308b6a566e",
"text": "Borders of Brazil Brazil is the largest country in South America and borders every country in South America with the exceptions of Chile and Ecuador . The borders of Brazil are the international borders that Brazil shares with neighbouring countries . Brazil has borders with ten different countries , totalling 16885 km , making it the country with the third longest land border behind only China and Russia . The lengths of the borders Brazil shares with different countries , running counter-clockwise around Brazil from French Guiana to Uruguay , are listed below :",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2b6c3a008e690df85a195c42068e33cb | Jerry Goldsmith received zero Grammy Award nominations. | [
{
"docid": "9e5d10beb2c22262f818020164581ade",
"text": "Jerry Goldsmith Jerrald King `` Jerry '' Goldsmith ( February 10 , 1929July 21 , 2004 ) was an American composer and conductor most known for his work in film and television scoring . He composed scores for such noteworthy films as Star Trek : The Motion Picture ( Which he personally considered his best work ) , The Sand Pebbles , Logan 's Run , Planet of the Apes , Patton , Papillon , Chinatown , The Wind and the Lion , The Omen , The Boys from Brazil , Capricorn One , Alien , Poltergeist , The Secret of NIMH , Gremlins , Hoosiers , Total Recall , Basic Instinct , Rudy , Air Force One , L.A. Confidential , Mulan , The Mummy , three Rambo films , Explorers and four other Star Trek films . He collaborated with some of film history 's most accomplished directors , including Robert Wise , Howard Hawks , Otto Preminger , Joe Dante , Richard Donner , Roman Polanski , Ridley Scott , Michael Winner , Steven Spielberg , Paul Verhoeven , and Franklin J. Schaffner . Goldsmith was nominated for six Grammy Awards , five Primetime Emmy Awards , nine Golden Globe Awards , four British Academy Film Awards , and eighteen Academy Awards ( he won only one , in 1976 , for The Omen ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "8c01276185246f261980f83d0875cb36",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Duo/Group Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . It was first awarded in 2012 , after a major overhaul of Grammy Award categories . The award combines the previous categories for Best Country Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal , Best Country Collaboration with Vocals and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if the instrumental recording is performed by a duo or group ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for duo/group or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b91b87c40163c3e507f43714df57fc1",
"text": "Gordon E. Sawyer Award The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is an Honorary Award given by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to `` an individual in the motion picture industry whose technological contributions have brought credit to the industry . '' The award is named in honour of Gordon E. Sawyer , the former Sound Director at Samuel Goldwyn Studio and three-time Academy Award winner who claimed that a listing of past Academy Awards , arranged both chronologically and by category , represents a history of the development of motion pictures . It was first presented at the 54th Academy Awards , in April 1982 . The Gordon E. Sawyer Award is voted upon and given by the Scientific and Technical Awards Committee of the Academy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a",
"text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "611f38234017034da86fa24ecc413ac6",
"text": "Michael Seifert (producer) Michael Seifert is a multi-platinum award winning music producer , writer , arranger and recording engineer based in Cleveland , Ohio . Michael 's credits include work for Nicholas Megalis , Island/Def Jam recording artist Gentlemen Hall , Tori Amos , Regina Spektor , Fountains of Wayne , Lifehouse ( band ) , Colbie Caillat , Gerald Levert , Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , Too Short , 8 Ball & MJG , UGK , Chuck Mosley ( Faith No More ) , Guided by Voices , J. Mascis ( Dinosaur Jr. ) , blues legend Robert Lockwood , Jr. , Kate Voegele , Mr. Gnome , Grammy award winners Snarky Puppy , and many more . Michael has scored independent films and major motion pictures including composing , arranging , recording , and production work on Bram Stoker 's Dracula ( Special Edition ) , The Outsiders : The Complete Novel , the Apocalypse Now Documentary `` Heart of Darkness '' , and most recently The Godfather trilogy FFC restoration special edition for legendary film producer/director Francis Ford Coppola . He has also composed , recorded , and produced music for Fox TV , CBS , MTV , American Greetings , Sports Illustrated , Reebok , and many others . A self-taught multi instrumentalist , Michael often performs on both sides of the glass when working on a project .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31e0c2902da52dd1f923e4530182e88b",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song The Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song was a new category at the 2015 ceremony of the annual Grammy Awards . It combines two previously separate categories in the Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music field , Best Contemporary Christian Music Song and Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance . The new category recognizes both songwriters and performers ( solo/duos/groups / collaborations/etc . ) and is open for singles or tracks only . Songwriters are only awarded a Grammy Award if it is a newly written song . Grammy 's for cover versions of previously recorded songs are awarded to the performer ( s ) only . Along with the also newly formed Best Gospel Performance/Song category , these mark the only Grammy categories which honor both performers and songwriters in one category . These changes were made in June 2014 by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences `` in the interest of clarifying the criteria , representing the current culture and creative DNA of the gospel and Contemporary Christian Music communities , and better reflecting the diversity and authenticity of today 's gospel music industry . '' According to the Grammy committee , the move recognizes `` the critical contribution of both songwriters and performers by combining songwriters and artists into the Best Gospel Performance/Song and Best Contemporary Christian Music Performance/Song categories . '' Gospel performances , which were previously recognized in the Best Gospel/Contemporary Christian Music Performance category , will now fall under the newly created Best Gospel Performance/Song category .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "093ae9c33e69bb106d1d3cf2e8ef9877",
"text": "Judy Carmichael Judy Carmichael ( born November 27 , 1957 ) is a Grammy-nominated jazz pianist and vocalist who is one of the few jazz pianists honored as a Steinway Artist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6eda4fc0042da78360cab798fd3398b8",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance The Grammy Award for Best Country Solo Performance is an award presented at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it is designed for solo ( vocal or instrumental ) country recordings and is limited to singles or tracks only . The award combines the previous categories for Best Female Country Vocal Performance , Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Instrumental Performance ( if it is an instrumental solo performance ) . The restructuring of these categories was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards and to eliminate the distinctions between male and female performances .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52a115105c29d9f0a27e104e0dc4ae02",
"text": "Marshall Blonstein Marshall Blonstein is an entertainment industry executive who is best known as the founder and president of the audiophile music labels Audio Fidelity and DCC Compact Classics . He has also held positions at Island , Ode , ABC and Epic Records , and been associated with some of the most prominent artists in popular music . He was born and raised in Los Angeles , and entered the music business in 1966 , working at Dunhill Records . He subsequently moved into record promotion with ABC Records , then , from 1966 to 1970 , performed similar duties for Columbia Records , working in Chicago and Los Angeles . He ended his tenure with Columbia in 1970 , directing promotional activities for the company 's Epic and associated labels from New York City . From 1970 to 1979 Blonstein held executive positions at Ode Records , a label he helped to found with Lou Adler , where he was involved with the success of Carole King 's Tapestry album ( 1971 ) , the concert edition of The Who 's Tommy ( 1972 ) , The Rocky Horror Picture Show ( 1975 ) , and Cheech & Chong 's Up in Smoke movie ( 1978 ) , among other projects . He became president of Island Records from 1979 to 1982 , contributing to the careers of artists such as Robert Palmer , Steve Winwood , Bob Marley , Marianne Faithfull and Grace Jones . Blonstein began a new phase of his career in 1986 when he founded DCC Compact Classics as one of the first companies to issue catalogue music product on the then-new compact disc format . DCC evolved into one of the first companies to cater to the high-end audiophile market with its line of digitally remastered reissues on its 24 Karat Gold CD and 180-gram pure virgin vinyl formats . DCC released audiophile editions of best-selling albums by Elvis Presley , Frank Sinatra , the Doors , The Eagles and many others . In 2002 Blonstein founded Morada Music and Video , which issued new music and licensed features for DVD , and Audio Fidelity Music , which specializes in audiophile reissues . Among the Audio Fidelity catalogue titles are popular items such as James Taylor 's Sweet Baby James , Stevie Wonder 's Songs in the Key of Life , Carly Simon 's No Secrets and several Grateful Dead titles . Blonstein has also established a DVD series . Among the titles of Morada DVD is the historic series Playboy After Dark . Morada Music has also acquired the rights to 160 television shows from the legendary comedian Soupy Sales .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "942c890fad8a0a8e2162fba4e9994ec4",
"text": "Michael Goldsmith Michael Goldsmith ( March 6 , 1951 -- November 1 , 2009 ) was a law professor at Brigham Young University 's J. Reuben Clark Law School .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5c8f607317733db1ae881aa30e8ac2a",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Music Direction is awarded to one television series or special each year . In the following list , the first titles listed in gold are the winners ; those not in gold are nominees , which are listed in alphabetical order . The years given are those in which the ceremonies took place . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c167ca6c0a6a0ec81cba45bd90a1dda",
"text": "Joel Fein Joel Fein ( June 19 , 1944 -- September 22 , 2007 ) was an American sound engineer . He was nominated for an Academy Award in the category Best Sound for the film The Buddy Holly Story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d233f2adea1b1a5381e2721e8ec727a",
"text": "No Strings No Strings is a musical drama with a book by Samuel A. Taylor and words and music by Richard Rodgers , his only Broadway score for which he wrote both lyrics and music , and the first musical he composed after the death of his long-time collaborator Oscar Hammerstein II . The musical opened on Broadway in 1962 and ran for 580 performances . It received the nomination for Tony Award , Best Musical .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "532b8d92510feeff72678b5f7b0ae887",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance The Grammy Award for Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance was an award presented at the 2012 and 2013 Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . According to the 54th Grammy Awards description guide it was designed for solo , duo/groups or collaborative ( vocal or instrumental ) hard rock or metal recordings and was limited to singles or tracks only . The award was first presented in 2012 , after a major restructuring of Grammy categories . It combined the previous categories Best Hard Rock Performance and Best Metal Performance . The restructuring was a result of the Recording Academy 's wish to decrease the list of categories and awards . However , the Recording Academy announced in June 2013 that the category would split in 2014 , returning the Best Metal Performance category and recognizing quality hard rock performances in the Best Rock Performance category . According to the Academy , `` it was determined that metal has a very distinctive sound , and hard rock more closely aligns with rock and can exist comfortably as one end of the rock spectrum . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec001fe281fe6e31be8994805154fdb0",
"text": "Gordon Goodwin Gordon L. Goodwin ( born 1954 ) is an American pianist , saxophonist , composer , arranger , and conductor . He has won Grammy Awards and Emmy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "886b84c0f3155e9ce3a673e0a8882b40",
"text": "Conservatory of Recording Arts and Sciences The Conservatory of Recording Arts and Sciences is a for-profit technical school specializing in audio recording , audio engineering and production education with a main locations in Tempe and a satellite campus in Gilbert , Arizona in the United States . The mission of the school is to train students for entry-level jobs as recording engineers in the audio recording and music industry . The school maintains listing the industries in which their graduates find employment . Out of the total 83 categories at the Grammys in February 2016 , 47 different alumni have contributed to pieces that were nominated in 42 different Grammy categories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf42adde5c39bd7dc8770305dbcb6305",
"text": "Jerry Zolten Jerry Zolten is an American writer , advocator for , and producer of American roots music . An Associate Professor at Penn State University , he is best known as the author of a book tracing the 30-plus year career of the African-American Dixie Hummingbirds gospel group and their influence on both sacred and secular music . He also writes about and is a noted expert on the history of American stand-up comedy . Zolten is also known for numerous articles and CD liner notes on blues , country , and gospel music as well as collaborations on musical projects with Robert Crumb and Harvey Pekar . His most recent writings and musical releases include `` The Beatles as Recording Artists '' in The Cambridge Companion to the Beatles , biographical and musicological entries on Paramount recording artists for The Rise and Fall of Paramount Records 1917-1927 , and Chimpin ' the Blues with Robert Crumb and Jerry Zolten , an audio collection of conversation and rare blues and blues related recordings from the early 20th Century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32b03496d5dcddfdd0c593d53ef04784",
"text": "Jerry Lawson (musician) Jerome E. `` Jerry '' Lawson ( born 1944 ) is a lead singer , producer , musical arranger , performer , best known as the original lead singer of The Persuasions . Born in Ft Lauderdale , Florida , he was raised in Apopka , Florida . He currently resides in Phoenix , Arizona with his wife , Julie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e217957e79056e9b7aa6f8ed68167498",
"text": "Dick's Picks Volume 30 Dick 's Picks Volume 30 is the 30th installment of the Grateful Dead 's archival series . Just prior to their Europe '72 tour , the Grateful Dead played seven shows at the Academy of Music on 14th Street in New York City . Included in this four CD set is the entire March 28 , 1972 performance plus selections from March 25 , 1972 and March 27 , 1972 . The March 25 show ( a semi-private party booked by the Hell 's Angels and billed as `` Jerry Garcia & Friends '' ) featured Bo Diddley as a guest , whose performance , backed by the Grateful Dead , is included in Disc One . Other rarities contained in this volume are the only Grateful Dead live performances of `` How Sweet it Is ( to be loved by you ) '' , `` Are You Lonely for Me '' and `` The Sidewalks of New York '' ( played as a brief , instrumental tuning before the encore ) . Additional selections from the venue run were later released on the Rockin ' the Rhein bonus disc , and on Dave 's Picks Volume 14 , the latter including the March 26 , 1972 performance in its entirety . Additional tracks from the March 27 performance were later released on the Dave 's Picks 2015 Bonus Disc The audio tape almost did not make it into the vault as it was not known to have been recorded . It was found in an old barn and restored by Rob Eaton in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96cd4d6963273939b1b6214f6e68df7a",
"text": "Touching Home (album) Touching Home is an album by Jerry Lee Lewis that was released on Mercury Records in 1971 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8c94cd36dc086f0d708fa76209ca90f",
"text": "Grammy Award for Producer of the Year, Classical The Grammy Award for Producer of the Year , Classical is an honor presented to record producers for quality classical music productions at the Grammy Awards , a ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . Originally known as the Grammy Award for Classical Producer of the Year , the award was first presented to James Mallinson at the 22nd Grammy Awards ( 1980 ) . The name remained unchanged until 1998 , when the category became known as Producer of the Year , Classical . According to the category description guide for the 52nd Grammy Awards , the award is presented to album producers `` whose recordings , released for the first time during the eligibility year , represent consistently outstanding creativity in the production of classical recordings '' . Producers must have produced at least 51 % playing time on three separately released recordings ( only one of which can be an opera released in DVD format ) . Producers may submit content as a team only if they worked together exclusively during the period of eligibility . Anthony Tommasini , music critic for The New York Times , asserted that `` In the struggling field of classical recording , it 's the producers who take the real risks and make things happen . '' The honor is presented alongside the award for Producer of the Year , Non-Classical . As of 2015 , Steven Epstein and Robert Woods share the record of the most wins , with seven each . Judith Sherman has won the award four times , while David Frost and James Mallinson have been presented the award three times each . Two-time recipients include Joanna Nickrenz ( once alongside Marc Aubort ) . Woods ' wife , Elaine Martone , received the honor in 2007 . David Frost is the son of Thomas Frost , who received an award in the same category in 1987 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
180a3650b8d7390d7406771e8c66ff12 | Martina Navratilova is only a soccer player. | [
{
"docid": "252457b387d7e3ec52da749a014ab0f2",
"text": "1975 Federation Cup (tennis) The 1975 Federation Cup was the 13th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women 's tennis . 31 nations participated in the tournament , which was held at the Aixoise C.C. , Aix-en-Provence , France , from 5 -- 11 May . Czechoslovakia defeated Australia in the final , giving Czechoslovakia their first title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "628fa842fdfcce181163a1e7eb30c37b",
"text": "Steffi Graf Stefanie Maria `` Steffi '' Graf ( -LSB- ˈʃtɛfiː ˈgʁa : f -RSB- ; born 14 June 1969 ) is a German former tennis player , who was ranked world No. 1 during her career . Graf won 22 Grand Slam singles titles . Her 22 singles titles put her second on the list of Major wins by a tennis player ( male or female ) since the introduction of the Open Era in 1968 and is third all-time behind Margaret Court ( 24 ) and Serena Williams ( 23 ) . In 1988 , she became the first and only tennis player ( male or female ) to achieve the Golden Slam by winning all four Grand Slam singles titles and the Olympic gold medal in the same calendar year . Furthermore , she is the only tennis player to have won each Grand Slam event at least four times . Graf was ranked world No. 1 by the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) for a record 377 total weeks -- the longest period for which any player , male or female , has held the number-one ranking since the WTA and the Association of Tennis Professionals began issuing rankings . She won 107 singles titles , which ranks her third on the WTA 's all-time list after Martina Navratilova ( 167 titles ) and Chris Evert ( 157 titles ) . She and Margaret Court are the only players , male or female , to win three grand slams in a calendar year five times ( 1988 , 1989 , 1993 , 1995 and 1996 ) . Notable features of Graf 's game were her versatility across all playing surfaces , footwork and her powerful forehand drive . Graf won six French Open singles titles ( second to Evert ) , seven Wimbledon singles titles , four Australian Open titles , and five U.S. Open singles titles . She is the only singles player ( male or female ) to have achieved a Grand Slam since hard court was introduced as a surface at the US Open in 1978 . Consequently , Graf 's Grand Slam was achieved on grass , clay , and hard court while the previous five Grand Slams were decided on only grass and clay . Graf reached thirteen consecutive Grand Slam singles finals , from the 1987 French Open through to the 1990 French Open , winning nine of them . She won 5 consecutive Majors ( 1988 Australian Open to 1989 Australian Open ) , and seven Majors out of eight , in two calendar years ( 1988 Australian Open to 1989 US Open , except 1989 French Open ) . She reached a total of 31 Grand Slam singles finals . Graf is regarded by some to be the greatest female tennis player of all time . Navratilova included Graf on her list of great players . In 1999 Billie Jean King said `` Steffi is definitely the greatest women 's tennis player of all time '' . In December 1999 , Graf was named the greatest female tennis player of the 20th century by a panel of experts assembled by the Associated Press . Tennis writer Steve Flink , in his book The Greatest Tennis Matches of the Twentieth Century , named her as the best female player of the 20th century . In March 2012 , Tennis Channel picked Graf as the greatest female tennis player ever in their list of 100 greatest tennis players of all time . Graf retired in 1999 while she was ranked World No. 3 . She married former World No. 1 men 's tennis player Andre Agassi in October 2001 . The couple has two children -- Jaden Gil and Jaz Elle . Graf was inducted into the Tennis Hall of Fame in 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2aa64d798b0588b949dc3a675738b0db",
"text": "History of tennis The game that most people call tennis is the direct descendant of what is now known as real tennis or royal tennis ( which continues to be played today as a separate sport with more complex rules ) . Most of the rules of the game commonly known as tennis derive from real or royal tennis . It is reasonable to see both sports as variations of the same game . Most historians believe that tennis originated in the monastic cloisters in northern France in the 12th century , but the ball was then struck with the palm of the hand , hence the name jeu de paume ( `` game of the palm '' ) . It was not until the 16th century that rackets came into use , and the game began to be called `` tennis . '' It was popular in England and France and Henry VIII of England was a big fan of the game , now referred to as real tennis . Many original tennis courts remain , including courts at Oxford , Cambridge , Falkland Palace in Fife where Mary Queen of Scots regularly played , and Hampton Court Palace . Many of the French courts were decommissioned with the terror that accompanied the French Revolution . The Tennis Court Oath ( Serment du Jeu de Paume ) was a pivotal event during the first days of the French Revolution . The Oath was a pledge signed by 576 of the 577 members from the Third Estate who were locked out of a meeting of the Estates-General on 20 June 1789 . Any history of tennis that ignores its origins in the game that was ( and is still in certain circles ) known as tennis until `` lawn tennis '' became popular in the late nineteenth century is inaccurate . The Davis Cup , an annual competition between men 's national teams , dates to 1900 . The analogous competition for women 's national teams , the Fed Cup , was founded as the Federation Cup in 1963 to celebrate the 50th anniversary of the founding of the International Tennis Federation , also known as the ITF . In 1926 , promoter C.C. Pyle created the first professional tennis tour with a group of American and French tennis players playing exhibition matches to paying audiences . The most notable of these early professionals were the American Vinnie Richards and the Frenchwoman Suzanne Lenglen . Once a player turned pro he or she could not compete in the major ( amateur ) tournaments . In 1968 , commercial pressures and rumors of some amateurs taking money under the table led to the abandonment of this distinction , inaugurating the `` open era '' , in which all players could compete in all tournaments , and top players were able to make their living from tennis . With the beginning of the open era , the establishment of an international professional tennis circuit , and revenues from the sale of television rights , tennis 's popularity has spread worldwide , and the sport has shed its upper/middle-class English-speaking image ( although it is acknowledged that this stereotype still exists ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce4d541e95f583741209734feee623fe",
"text": "Martina Navratilova Martina Navratilova ( Martina Navrátilová -LSB- ˈmarcɪna ˈnavraːcɪlovaː -RSB- ; born Martina Šubertová -LSB- ˈmarcɪna ˈʃubɛrtovaː -RSB- ; October 18 , 1956 ) is a Czech and American retired tennis player and coach . In 2005 , Tennis magazine selected her as the greatest female tennis player for the years 1965 through 2005 . Navratilova was World No. 1 for a total of 332 weeks in singles , and a record 237 weeks in doubles , making her the only player in history to have held the top spot in both singles and doubles for over 200 weeks . She was year-end singles No. 1 seven times , including a record five consecutive years , as well as year-end doubles No. 1 five times , including three consecutive years during which she held the ranking for the entire year . She won 18 Grand Slam singles titles , 31 major women 's doubles titles ( an all-time record ) , and 10 major mixed doubles titles , marking the open-era record for most Grand Slam titles . She reached the Wimbledon singles final 12 times , including nine consecutive years from 1982 through 1990 , and won the women 's singles title at Wimbledon a record nine times ( surpassing Helen Wills Moody 's eight Wimbledon titles ) , including a run of six consecutive titles -- the best performance by any professional player at a major event . She and Billie Jean King each won 20 Wimbledon titles , an all-time record . Navratilova is one of just three women ever to have accomplished a Career Grand Slam in singles , women 's doubles , and mixed doubles ( called the Grand Slam `` boxed set '' ) , a distinction she shares with Margaret Court and Doris Hart . Navratilova holds the records for most singles titles ( 167 ) and for most doubles titles ( 177 ) in the open era . Her record as No. 1 in singles ( 1982 -- 86 ) is the most dominant in professional tennis . Over five consecutive seasons , she won 428 of 442 singles matches , averaging fewer than 3 losses per year to 87 wins , for a sustained winning percentage of 96.8 % . She holds the best season win-loss record for the open era , 86-1 ( 98.9 % ) in 1983 , and four of the top six open era seasons . She recorded the longest winning streak in the open era ( 74 consecutive matches ) and three of the six longest winning streaks . She and Serena Williams are the only Open Era players to have won six major singles crowns without the loss of a set . Navratilova , Margaret Court and Maureen Connolly share the record for the most consecutive major singles titles ( six ) . Navratilova reached 11 consecutive major singles finals , second all-time to Steffi Graf 's 13 , and is the only woman ever to reach 19 consecutive major semi-finals . Navratilova also won the season-ending WTA Tour Championships for top ranked players a record eight times and made the finals a record 14 times . She is the only person of either sex to have won eight different tournaments at least seven times . She was ranked in the world 's top 10 in singles for a record 20 consecutive years ( 1975 -- 1994 ) , a span which included 19 years in the top 5 , 15 years in the top 3 , and 7 years as the world No. 1 ranked singles player . Navratilova is regarded by some to be the greatest female tennis player of all time . In women 's doubles , Navratilova and Pam Shriver won 109 consecutive matches and won all four major titles -- the Grand Slam -- in 1984 . The pair set an all-time record of 79 titles together and tied Louise Brough Clapp 's and Margaret Osborne duPont 's record of 20 major women 's doubles titles as a team . Navratilova also won the WTA Tour Championships doubles title a record 11 times . She is one of only five tennis players all-time to win a multiple slam set in two disciplines , matching Margaret Court , Roy Emerson , Frank Sedgman and Serena Williams . Navratilova took her last major title in 2006 , winning the mixed doubles crown at the 2006 US Open , just short of her 50th birthday -- 32 years after her first Grand Slam title in 1974 . Originally from Czechoslovakia , she was stripped of her citizenship when , in 1975 at the age of 18 , she asked the United States for political asylum and was granted temporary residency . At the time , Navratilova was told by the Czechoslovak Sports Federation that she was becoming too Americanized and that she should go back to school and make tennis secondary . Navratilova became a US citizen in 1981 , and on January 9 , 2008 , she acquired Czech citizenship . She stated she has not renounced her U.S. citizenship nor does she plan to do so and that acquiring her Czech citizenship was not politically motivated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0c3f24f07d78b32e1ec472e8be25b63",
"text": "1982 Federation Cup (tennis) The 1982 Federation Cup was the 20th edition of the most important competition between national teams in women 's tennis . The tournament was held at the Decathlon Club in Santa Clara , CA , United States , from 19 -- 25 July . The United States won their record seventh consecutive title , defeating West Germany in the final without losing a rubber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f838c73acff0962d3e6b990b02455f4",
"text": "WTA Finals The WTA Finals ( formerly known as the WTA Tour Championships short : WTA Championships ) , is a professional tennis tournament played annually at the end of the season for the top-ranked players on the Women 's Tennis Association ( WTA ) tour . The location and number of players has changed since the first edition in 1972 . Since 2003 there have been eight singles players divided into two round robin groups , and eight doubles teams . The WTA Finals is unofficially considered the fifth most prestigious event of a season after the four Grand Slam tournaments . It also has the largest prize money and ranking points after the majors . The most successful finals player is Martina Navratilova , who has won 8 singles titles and 13 doubles titles . To qualify for the WTA Finals , WTA players compete throughout the year in over 53 WTA tournaments throughout the world , as well as the four Grand Slam events . Players earn ranking points on the Porsche Race To Singapore leaderboard , and the top 8 singles players and top 8 doubles teams on this leaderboard at the conclusion of the year ( as of the Monday following the final regular season tournament ) earn the right to compete in the WTA Championships . For singles , all results from that year count towards a player 's ranking ; for doubles , only the best 11 results for a team from that year count towards the team 's ranking . Qualified players participate in a round-robin format in two groups of four . The winners and runners-up of each group advance to the semifinals . Doubles teams participate in a single elimination draw .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "536c9d3ff902053ee58fadb4f4d05d46",
"text": "2006 US Open (tennis) The 2006 US Open began 28 August and finished on 10 September 2006 . Roger Federer was successful in defending his 2005 title , defeating 2003 champion Andy Roddick in the final . Kim Clijsters was unable to defend her title due to injury . 19-year-old Maria Sharapova won her second Grand Slam title , defeating Justine Henin-Hardenne in the final . It was Henin-Hardenne 's third Grand Slam final loss of 2006 , having lost the Australian Open and Wimbledon finals earlier in the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbc72642dd218bd78649c7365e3eceb2",
"text": "Margaret Court Margaret Court ( née Smith ; born 16 July 1942 ) , also known as Margaret Smith Court , is a retired Australian tennis player and former world No. 1 . She is currently a Christian minister in Perth , Western Australia , but is best known for her sporting career , in which she amassed more major titles than any other player in history . In 1970 , Court became the first woman during the open era ( and the second woman in history ) to win the singles Grand Slam ( all four major tournaments in the same calendar year ) . She won 24 of those titles ( 11 in the Open era ) , a record that still stands . She also won 19 women 's doubles and 21 mixed doubles titles , giving her a record 64 major titles overall . She is the only woman to win the mixed doubles Grand Slam , which she accomplished twice . Her all surfaces ( hard , clay , grass and carpet ) singles career winning percentage of 91.68 % ( 1180 -- 107 ) is one of the best of all time according to the Sporteology website . Her open era singles career winning percentage of 91.37 % ( 593 -- 56 ) is unequalled , as is her open era winning percentage of 91.7 % ( 11 -- 1 ) in Grand Slam finals . Her win-loss performance in all Grand Slam singles tournaments was 90.12 % ( 210 -- 23 ) . She was 95.31 % ( 61 -- 3 ) at the Australian Open , 90.38 % ( 47 -- 5 ) at the French Open , 85.10 % ( 51 -- 9 ) at Wimbledon and 89.47 % ( 51 -- 6 ) at the US Open . She also shares the open era record for most Grand Slam singles titles as a mother with Kim Clijsters . The International Tennis Hall of Fame states , `` For sheer strength of performance and accomplishment there has never been a tennis player to match ( her ) . '' In 2010 , the Herald Sun newspaper of Melbourne , Australia called her the greatest female tennis player of all time . Court is one of only six tennis players to ever win a multiple slam set in two disciplines , matching Roy Emerson , Martina Navratilova , Frank Sedgman , Doris Hart and Serena Williams . Court , however , is the only one in tennis history to complete a multiple slam set , twice , in all three disciplines : singles , women 's doubles and mixed doubles . Having grown up as a Roman Catholic , Court became associated with Pentecostalism in the 1970s and became a Pentecostal Christian minister in 1991 . She later founded the Margaret Court Ministries , and in this capacity she has been a vocal critic of LGBT rights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63ab972aa3cb4a7020cab7f8c597aa2e",
"text": "The Championships, Wimbledon The Championships , Wimbledon , commonly known simply as Wimbledon , is the oldest tennis tournament in the world , and is widely considered the most prestigious . It has been held at the All England Club in Wimbledon , London , since 1877 and is played on outdoor grass courts . Wimbledon is one of the four Grand Slam tennis tournaments , the others being the Australian Open , the French Open and the US Open . Since the Australian Open shifted to hardcourt in 1988 , Wimbledon is the only major still played on grass . The tournament takes place over two weeks in late June and early July , culminating with the Ladies ' and Gentlemen 's Singles Final , scheduled for the second Saturday and Sunday of July respectively . Five major , junior , and invitational events are held each year . Wimbledon traditions include a strict dress code for competitors and Royal patronage . The tournament is also notable for the absence of sponsor advertising around the courts . In 2009 , Wimbledon 's Centre Court was fitted with a retractable roof to lessen the loss of playing time due to rain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e72f2052061e1e0edfcee2ebc08fa469",
"text": "1984 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions and successfully defended their title , by defeating Jo Durie and Ann Kiyomura 6 -- 3 , 6 -- 1 in the final . It was the 5th Tour Championships title and 95th overall title for Navratilova , and the 4th Tour Championships title and 47th overall title for Shriver , in their respective doubles careers . It was also the 14th title for the pair during the 1983 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a70748857bb8d6a597605f37aaeb5b3f",
"text": "Grand Slam (tennis) The Grand Slam tournaments , also called majors , are the four most-important annual tennis events . They offer the most ranking points , prize money , public and media attention , the greatest strength and size of field , and greater number of `` best of '' sets for men . The Grand Slam itinerary consists of the Australian Open in mid January , the French Open in May and June , Wimbledon in June and July , and the US Open in August and September . Each tournament is played over a period of two weeks . The Australian and United States tournaments are played on hard courts , the French on clay , and Wimbledon on grass . Wimbledon is the oldest , founded in 1877 , followed by the US in 1881 , the French in 1891 , and the Australian in 1905 . However , of these four , only Wimbledon was a major before 1924 -- 25 , the time when all four became designated Grand Slam tournaments . Skipping Grand Slam tournaments -- especially the Australian Open because of the remoteness , the inconvenient dates ( around Christmas and New Year 's Day ) and the low prize money -- was not unusual before 1982 , which was the start of the norm of counting Grand Slam titles . The term Grand Slam also , and originally , refers to the achievement of winning all four major championships in a single calendar year within one of the five events : men 's and women 's singles ; men 's , women 's , and mixed doubles . In doubles , one team may accomplish a Grand Slam playing together or one player may achieve it with different partners . The term `` Grand Slam '' without qualification refers to winning the four majors in a single calendar year . Winning the four majors in consecutive tournaments but not in the same year is known as a Non-Calendar Year Grand Slam , while winning all four majors at any point during the course of a career is known as a Career Grand Slam . Winning the gold medal at the Summer Olympic Games in addition to the four majors in a one calendar year is known as a `` Golden Grand Slam '' or more commonly the `` Golden Slam '' . Also , winning the Year-End Championship ( known as ATP World Tour Finals for men 's singles and doubles disciplines , and WTA Tour Championships for both women 's disciplines ) in the same period is known as a `` Super Slam '' . Together , all four Majors in all three disciplines ( singles , doubles , and mixed doubles ) are called a `` boxed set '' of Grand Slam titles . No male or female player has won all twelve events in one calendar year , although a `` career boxed set '' has been achieved by three female players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c8966116ba390ac82476d5ef22ad299",
"text": "1983 Virginia Slims Championships – Doubles Martina Navratilova and Pam Shriver were the defending champions and won in the final 7 -- 5 , 6 -- 2 against Claudia Kohde-Kilsch and Eva Pfaff .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9703f74bf07659ab8bb1c224607a04e0",
"text": "Louise Brough Althea Louise Brough Clapp ( née Brough ; March 11 , 1923 -- February 3 , 2014 ) was an American tennis player . During her career between 1942 and 1957 , she won six Grand Slam singles titles as well as numerous doubles and mixed doubles titles . She was ranked world no. 1 by Lance Tingay in 1955 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "90a86e787a5094297dd9fc7461dcc68d",
"text": "Slovakia at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Slovakia 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Slovakia have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2010 where they reached the second round .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c16f0ed91738b151b6c67782b9a25518",
"text": "1979 Avon Championships The 1979 Avon Championships were the eighth WTA Tour Championships , the annual tennis tournament for the best female tennis players in singles on the 1979 WTA Tour . It was held on indoor carpet courts from March 21 through March 25 1979 , in Madison Square Garden in New York City , United States . First-seeded Martina Navratilova won the singles title and earned $ 100,000 first-prize money .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07395d5c750a558d458d5dff6be0621b",
"text": "Novak Djokovic Novak Djokovic ( Новак Ђоковић , Novak Đoković , -LSB- nôʋaːk d͡ʑôːkoʋit͡ɕ -RSB- ; born 22 May 1987 ) , often referred to by the hypocorism Nole , is a Serbian professional tennis player who is currently ranked world No. 2 in men 's singles tennis by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) . He is considered one of the greatest tennis players of all time . Djokovic holds the highest match winning rate ( 82.8 % ) in the Open Era , as of May 2017 . Djokovic has won 12 Grand Slam singles titles , the fourth most in history , and held the No. 1 spot in the ATP rankings for a total of 223 weeks . In majors , Djokovic has won six Australian Open titles , three Wimbledon titles , two US Open titles and one French Open title . In 2016 , he became the eighth player in history to achieve the Career Grand Slam ; by winning the 2016 French Open , Djokovic became the third man to hold all four major titles at once , the first since Rod Laver in 1969 , and the first ever to do so on three different surfaces . Djokovic has won an all-time record of 30 Masters 1000 series titles , tied with Rafael Nadal . Djokovic 's records include breaking the single-season record with six masters titles in 2015 , winning 31 consecutive ATP World Tour Masters 1000 series matches , playing in the finals at all nine ATP Masters 1000 tournaments ( shared with Roger Federer and Nadal , and being the only player to win eight of the nine events ( and at least twice ) . Among other titles , he has won the ATP World Tour Finals five times and was on the Serbian team which won the 2010 Davis Cup . He also won the Bronze medal in men 's singles at the 2008 Summer Olympics . Djokovic is the first Serbian player to be ranked No. 1 by the ATP and the first male player representing Serbia to win a Grand Slam singles title . Djokovic has won numerous awards , including the 2012 , 2015 , and 2016 Laureus World Sports Award for Sportsman of the Year , 2011 BBC Overseas Sports Personality of the Year , five-time ITF World Champion , and four-time ATP year-end number 1 . He is a recipient of the Order of St. Sava , the Order of Karađorđe 's Star and the Order of the Republika Srpska .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5522edbeecb121ba44315c16921c360b",
"text": "Martina Cavallero Martina Cavallero ( born 7 May 1990 ) is an Argentine field hockey player . At the 2012 Summer Olympics , she competed for the Argentina national team where the team achieved the silver medal . Martina also won three Champions Trophy , the World League 2014-15 , the bronze medal at the 2014 World Cup and the gold medal at the Pan American Cup in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b9f538c8b487c071af3b2468ea61c47",
"text": "Andrea Neil Andrea Neil ( born October 26 , 1971 , in Vancouver , British Columbia ) is a pioneer of women 's soccer in Canada . Neil retired from the game after representing Canada more than any other Canadian player in history . With a career spanning 18 years she went on to play for her country 132 times , and was the first Canadian to participate in four FIFA Women 's World Cups as a player ( 1995 , 1999 , 2003 , 2007 ) , including Canada 's best ever finish at a FIFA World Cup , when the Canadian women 's national team finished fourth in 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3374c533b1753354dd23db56f4f35d7",
"text": "Designated Player Rule The Designated Player Rule , nicknamed the Beckham Rule , was adopted as part of the salary cap regulations of Major League Soccer for the 2007 season . The rule allows each MLS franchise to sign players that would be considered outside of the team 's salary cap ( either by offering the player higher wages or by paying a transfer fee for the player ) , allowing MLS teams to compete for star players in the international soccer market . Clubs have the option to use allocation money against a player 's contract , so to avoid a player with a Designated Player level salary using one of the club 's Designated Player slots . As of December 2015 , there have been 114 designated players in the MLS . The rule is informally named after David Beckham , in anticipation of MLS teams signing lucrative deals with internationally recognized players of Beckham 's caliber . Beckham was the first player signed under this rule , signing a five-year contract with the Los Angeles Galaxy with guaranteed annual salary of $ 6.5 million .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0d202d5421cdb04ec4b4c3c8d78a3bb",
"text": "Demize NPSL Demize NSPL is an American amateur soccer club based in Springfield , Missouri , which began play in the fourth-tier National Premier Soccer League ( NPSL ) in May 2014 with the 2014 NPSL season . The club , based at Lake Country Soccer 's Cooper Stadium , plays in the North Division of the South Central Conference in the South Region . The other North Division teams are the Tulsa Athletics , Oklahoma City FC , and Dallas-based Liverpool Warriors . The team was owned by Ed and Alison Hershewe , who also own a Joplin-based law firm . Chris Hanlon serves as the team 's Director of Soccer Operations . The Joplin Demize , a developmental extension of the Springfield Demize of the third-tier USL Pro league , is composed of local collegiate and other players from the Four State Area . To fill out the opening day roster , the Demize held open tryouts in March 2014 . On March 9 , 2017 , the Joplin Demize re-branded as `` Demize NPSL , '' and announced its intent to play in Branson , Springfield , as well as Joplin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a49022d13e2f06169b88d84bdac9135",
"text": "Unmatched Unmatched is a documentary about tennis players Martina Navratilova and Chris Evert , their decades-long on-court rivalry and lifelong friendship , created for ESPN 's 30 for 30 documentary series . Evert and Navratilova met in 80 matches , 60 finals and 14 grand slam finals with Navratilova sporting a 43-37 advantage . The film was shot over three days in Amagansett , New York in October 2009 . Unmatched was awarded the 2011 Gracie Award for `` Outstanding Producer - News/Non-fiction '' . Navratilova was sometimes described as the lesbian tennis player from a communist country : `` As one of the first openly gay sports figures , she has spent much of her career overcoming prejudices and stereotypes , giving up millions of dollars in endorsements and sponsorships as a result of her insistence on living a life of integrity and honesty . '' Evert was described as the all-American girl next door . Today Navratilova is often cited as the greatest tennis player of all-time ; she has won 167 singles titles , 177 doubles championships titles and 59 Grand Slam titles , she has been inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame , was the WTA 's `` Tour Player of the Year '' seven times , was declared one of the `` Top Forty Athletes of All-time '' by Sports Illustrated and was named `` Female Athlete of the Year '' by the Associated Press . Navratilova has served as AARP 's Health and Fitness Ambassador and is also involved with the LGBT movement , The Rainbow Card ® and Rainbow Endowment . Evert on the other hand reached more Grand Slam singles finals than any player , she has been president of the Women 's Tennis Association and in 2005 she was named fourth on the list of the 40 Greatest Players of the Tennis Era by TENNIS Magazine . Evert won 157 singles championships , 29 doubles titles and she won 18 Grand Slam singles championships and three doubles titles . Hannah Storm said of the rivalry : `` Just think about the dynamic of competing against your best friend . They would practice together , eat lunch together , then go out and play in the final and then make travel plans to go to the next tournament . '' In describing their rivalry and its effect on their tennis careers , Navratilova said : `` I do n't think either of us would have lasted as long without the other . '' Evert said : `` It gave us inspiration and a lot of incentive to work harder and try to continue to improve . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db1c3f51aa2537eee3d8af9d4c1899dc",
"text": "Martina Caregaro Martina Caregaro ( born 19 May 1992 ) is an Italian professional tennis player . Caregaro has won seven singles and eight doubles titles on the ITF tour in her career . On 30 November 2015 , she reached her best singles ranking of world number 254 . On 12 May 2014 , she peaked at world number 383 in the doubles rankings . Playing for Italy at the Fed Cup , Caregaro has a win -- loss record of 0 -- 1 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a115aa073ddacec0a7af546de087487",
"text": "Prisma Volley Stamplast Martina Franca is a professional Volleyball based in Martina Franca , Italy . It plays in Italian Volleyball League . It was created in 1997 under the name of Magna Grecia Volley , and now it is named Prisma Volley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bce1b667083d6009b553c8a254a9084d",
"text": "Beach soccer Beach soccer , also known as beach football or beasal , is a variant of association football played on a beach or some form of sand . The game emphasises skill , agility and shooting at goal . Whilst football has been played informally on beaches for many years , the introduction of beach soccer was an attempt to codify rules for the game . This was done in 1992 by the founders of Beach Soccer Worldwide , a company set up to develop the sport and is responsible for the majority of its tournaments to this day . This was a major foundation for what is now known as beach soccer and what has led to the sport rapidly growing in popularity . The irregularity of the soft-sand playing surface leads to a totally different style of play than is used in football , with a greater degree of improvisation . The compact field , much smaller than a normal football field , allows players to score from anywhere on the sand , leading to an average of sixty attempts at goal in a single game . With an average of scoring rate of one goal every three or four minutes , around eleven goals are scored in total during an average game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c1c4875272d249cf29398574019932b",
"text": "Senegal at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Senegal 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Senegal have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2002 where they reached the quarter finals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f3d877fa24f4485881da3d0ff2d2eff",
"text": "Iwona Kuczyńska Iwona Kuczyńska ( born 22 February 1961 ) is a former professional tennis player from Poland . She won one doubles title in 1988 partnering with Martina Navratilova .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3",
"text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2207067ebd85b3e7571590ecaaf8f128",
"text": "United States Soccer Federation The United States Soccer Federation ( USSF ) , commonly referred to as U.S. Soccer , is a 501 ( c ) ( 3 ) nonprofit organization and the official governing body of the sport of soccer in the United States . With headquarters in Chicago , Illinois , the FIFA member governs U.S. amateur and professional soccer , including the men 's , women 's , youth , beach soccer , futsal , and Paralympic national teams . U.S. Soccer sanctions referees and soccer tournaments for most soccer leagues in the United States . The U.S. Soccer Federation also administers and operates the Lamar Hunt U.S. Open Cup , which was first held in 1914 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59eadd6aa6e132d7298b86f93604607b",
"text": "Angela Smith (squash player) Angela Smith ( born 3 July 1953 in Stoke-on-Trent , Staffordshire , England ) is a retired professional English squash player : Smith was one of the world 's top ranked squash players from 1979 to 1990 . Smith was also the first female squash player to turn professional and widely recognized for changing the face of women 's squash by doing so . Her first overseas position was as squash coach at the prestigious Vertical Club in Manhattan , New York , where Vitas Gerulaitis was the tennis pro . Her contract there was said to be the most lucrative of its kind in the sport at that time . There she coached many famous personalities of the time such as Jackie Kennedy , the widow of the US president . Following her successful period in the States and her significant input into the Women 's Sport Foundation of America , Smith took up an even greater challenge in Nassau , Bahamas where she took squash from the realms of an expat sport to one embraced by locals . She was instrumental in Shell sponsoring the squash programme and several of the juniors that Smith coached later went on to play on the world circuit themselves . Following her six years in Nassau , she was based in Barcelona , Spain at the Can Melich club where she was again a great success , helping to organise amongst other events the European Junior championships . She also coached and helped further develop the game in Hong Kong , Bermuda , Trinidad and Tobago , St Vincent and Kenya to name a few of the countries . All this whilst jetting to and from the UK and world circuits to compete in the necessary events to allow her to represent her country and also maintain her place in the world rankings . Indeed , after Smith 's immediate success as a professional , making a career from tournament play rather than just coaching , Sue Cogswell followed suit at the end of 1980 and the UK women 's squash game was quickly forced to become `` open '' ; the rest of the world swiftly followed suit and today 's lady professionals owe a debt to Angela particularly and those brave enough to join her in those early days namely the Australians Sue Newman , Barbara Wall and Lyle Hubinger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a5562f8c76669cce38f74c820470f73",
"text": "Stella Mbachu Stella Mbachu is a Nigerian professional soccer player .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f070d9076b81460acb19a9aa4614b1e",
"text": "Tsvetana Pironkova Tsvetana Pironkova ( Цветана Кирилова Пиронкова -LSB- tsvɛˈtana pirɔnˈkɔva -RSB- ) ( born 13 September 1987 ) is a Bulgarian tennis player and the current no. 1 Bulgarian in the WTA rankings . She is right-handed and plays with a two-handed backhand . Born in Plovdiv , Pironkova started playing tennis at the age of four on being introduced to the sport by her father , who later coached her . After playing at a junior level and winning Atlantic Cup , she made her senior international tournament debut in 2002 at the International Tennis Federation circuit . Early in her career , Pironkova won six international singles titles at the ITF circuit . Pironkova made her WTA tour debut at the İstanbul Cup in 2005 , and achieved moderate success earlier in her career . That changed in 2010 , when she entered Wimbledon with a 1 -- 4 career record at the event , and went on reach the semifinals of the tournament , becoming the second Bulgarian tennis player in history to reach the semifinal stage of a Grand Slam in singles . She garnered wide recognition for her performance , and after her semifinal finish reached her highest WTA Singles ranking at no. 31 in September 2010 . Pironkova followed it up with a quarterfinal run at the event the following year , earning her the nickname `` The Wimbledon Darkhorse '' . She is also known defeating Venus Williams three times at Grand Slam tournaments , twice at Wimbledon . Pironkova won her first WTA title at the 2014 Apia International , defeating three top-10 ranked players in a row . She defeated the world no. 2 Agnieszka Radwańska in the fourth round of the 2016 French Open , reaching her quarterfinal at a Grand Slam other than Wimbledon . In addition to this , Pironkova has a total of twelve wins over other top-10 ranked players to her name . She also holds the second longest active streak of the most consecutive Grand Slam appearances at 45 , only behind Jelena Jankovic . Pironkova has been recognized by The New York Times for her `` cerebral '' grass-court abilities and named one of the most beautiful women in sports by MSN .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1918126b1ab58bdde7e09c3664a5dcb5",
"text": "Elena Danilova Elena Yurievna Danilova is an international Russian football forward playing for Ryazan VDV . At 16 she took part in the 2003 World Cup . She scored Russia 's last goal in the tournament , in the quarterfinals against eventual champions Germany . Two years later she led with 9 goals the Under-19 NT in Russia 's first international women 's football triumph , the 2005 U-19 Euro . Danilova was named the competition 's MVP . The following year she was included in the 2006 U-20 World Cup All-Star Team . She was also the top scorer of the 2006 U-19 Euro . Danilova missed the 2008 season and the 2009 Euro qualifying because of a knee injury she suffered during a move to WPSL 's FC Indiana , but she recovered in time for the tournament and took part in Russia 's three games . She scored five goals in the 2011 World Cup qualifying , four of them against Kazakhstan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd6b1f9dd2b5b596f60116130a542a82",
"text": "Grand Slam Cup The Grand Slam Cup was a tennis tournament held annually at the Olympiahalle in Munich in Germany from 1990 through 1999 . The event was organized by the International Tennis Federation ( ITF ) , which invited the best-performing players in the year 's Grand Slam events to compete in the Grand Slam Cup . The tournament was created in 1990 and was played on indoor carpet courts . From 1990 to 1996 , it was held in December but was moved to the middle of autumn from 1997 to 1999 . From 1990 to 1997 the tournament was limited to male players . A women 's Cup was added in 1998 and was held simultaneously with the men 's Cup . Throughout its existence , the Grand Slam Cup was famous for paying out the highest prize money of any tournament in tennis . The winner for the first three years of the Cup received US$ 2 million in prize money , which dipped to $ 1.625 million in 1993 , rose to $ 1.875 million in 1996 and back to $ 2 million in 1997 before falling to $ 1.3 million in 1998 . If the Cup was won by a player who had also won a Grand Slam event that year they received a bonus of $ 1 million . Prize money for the winner of the two women 's Cups was fixed at $ 800,000 . The Cup was not recognized by the Association of Tennis Professionals ( ATP ) for the course of its run , and participants did not receive points in the ATP computer rankings nor have it credited as an official career title . Following the discontinuation of the Cup in 1999 , the ATP decided to give the event full recognition and added it to players ' lists of official titles . A compromise between the ITF and the ATP was announced on December 9 , 1999 which merged the Cup with the ATP Tour World Championship , the ATP 's year-end tournament also held annually in Germany , giving birth to the ATP World Tour Finals , an official tour event . A direct result of the merging of the two competitions can still be seen in the qualification rules for the ATP World Tour Finals , which included one notable difference from those of the ATP Tour World Championship . The Tour World Championship was meant to include the top eight players on the ATP computer rankings at the end of a season , even though this could mean the exclusion of a Grand Slam champion who had not been able to earn sufficient ranking points in the rest of the year . Present Finals rules ensure the participation of a Grand Slam champion who is unable to earn a top eight ranking at the end of the season and automatic qualification for the top seven players in the computer rankings . The eighth ranked player , however , qualifies only if all Grand Slam singles champions are among the top eight . Any Grand Slam event champion who is not in the top eight but is still in the top twenty is included to the detriment of the eighth ranked player . This situation occurred at the 2004 Tennis Masters Cup , where Andre Agassi , the 8th ranked player in the ATP Champions Race , was excluded from the event in favor of Gastón Gaudio , who had won that year 's French Open but was ranked 10th at the end of the year . Pete Sampras was the most successful player at this event winning two titles out of three final appearances .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8f3635b9f54455dd61047c6a2af636fd | Richard Dreyfuss has won an awards at the BAFTAs. | [
{
"docid": "6d49f4df117b505e6a2b5ef670b287d3",
"text": "Richard Dreyfuss Richard Stephen Dreyfuss ( -LSB- ˈdraɪfəs -RSB- originally Dreyfus ; born October 29 , 1947 ) is an American actor best known for starring in American Graffiti , Jaws , Stand By Me , Close Encounters of the Third Kind , Down and Out in Beverly Hills , The Goodbye Girl , Always , and Mr. Holland 's Opus . Dreyfuss won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1977 for The Goodbye Girl , and was nominated in 1995 for Mr. Holland 's Opus . He has also won a Golden Globe Award , a BAFTA Award , and was nominated in 2002 for Screen Actors Guild Awards in the Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Drama Series and Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Miniseries categories .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9a0a27aea9b3bb6eb5e3f0e01bd018a6",
"text": "Martin Childs Martin David William Childs MBE ( born 1 July 1954 ) , is a British production designer . He won the 1998 Academy Award for best Art Direction-Set Decoration ( jointly with Jill Quertier ) for Shakespeare in Love , and was nominated at the 74th Academy Awards for his work on the film Quills . He has also been nominated once for the Art Directors Guild Award for Excellence in Production Design , and three times for a BAFTA Award for Best Production Design . In the New Year Honours 2002 , Childs was appointed as a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire for his services to the film industry as a production designer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5c21976e1695580435fe2888059f512",
"text": "Political Film Society Award for Democracy The Political Film Society Award for democracy is given out each year to a film that promotes , educates , and raises the awareness level of the public in the specific areas of democracy and freedom . This award has been handed out by the Society since 1988 . Depending on the number of movies that qualify , sometimes only one film is nominated for this award , but as many as seven have been nominated in years past . The film that first won this award was The Milagro Beanfield War in 1988 that was directed by Robert Redford . The only other award nominated in 1988 against The Milagro Beanfield War was Stand and Deliver . The award , as with any other Political Film Society Award , can go to a mainstream film , independent film , or even an international film . The Political Film Society looks at a broad selection of movies before it nominates them for an award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28",
"text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b60c17dcd37553dda4ac0ab104ac1ea9",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The award was first given in 1977 but in the years following was often given as a singular award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac15bbc56715bc55dcc6de3bda402349",
"text": "César Award for Best Original Screenplay The César Award for Best Original Screenplay ( César du meilleur scénario original ) is an award presented by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma . It was initially awarded from 1983 to 1985 , and then awarded again in 2006 , when the original category ( César Award for Best Writing ) was split into two awards , the other being César Award for Best Adaptation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e",
"text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74f93e0245e849115ba87937befaf348",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier . The award was originally entitled Play of the Year but was later renamed in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adde01a7b78715192b5fb5199f349b16",
"text": "Filmfare Award for Best Special Effects The Filmfare Best Special Effects Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films . It was first given in the year 2007 where Five films Don - The Chase Begins Again , Dhoom 2 , Krrish , Rang De Basanti and Jaan-E-Mann were nominated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44",
"text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6620828ce45de69990112f3dcfe31176",
"text": "Critics' Circle Award for Distinguished Service to the Arts Each year since 1988 The Critics ' Circle has presented an award for Distinguished Service to the Arts , voted for by all members of the Circle , embracing Dance , Drama , Film , Music , Visual Arts and Architecture . This performing arts Award takes the form of an engraved crystal rose bowl , presented at a celebratory luncheon . The recipients were : 1988 Sir Peter Hall 1989 Dame Ninette de Valois 1990 Sir Michael Tippett 1991 Sir David Lean 1992 Sir John Mills 1993 Sir Peter Ustinov 1994 Sir John Drummond 1995 Sir Peter Wright 1996 Sir Richard Eyre 1997 Dame Judi Dench 1998 Sir Edward Downes 1999 Harold Pinter 2000 Dame Alicia Markova 2001 Paul Scofield 2002 Sir Alfred Brendel 2003 Sir Ian McKellen 2004 Mike Leigh 2005 Alan Bennett 2006 Dame Helen Mirren 2007 Sir Tom Stoppard 2008 Peter Brook 2009 Sir Alan Ayckbourn 2010 Ken Loach 2011 Stephen Sondheim 2013 Grayson Perry 2014 Sir Nicholas Hytner 2015 Dame Maggie Smith Category : Performing arts awards",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43b952be9977c135e8c98dbbbdf16134",
"text": "British Academy Television Awards 2010 The 2010 British Academy Television Awards were held on 6 June 2010 . The nominations were announced on 10 May . This year new awards were added including the award for Best Actor/Actress in a Supporting Role . Graham Norton hosted the ceremony . Winners are in bold .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d3f56123540da179ece607c09c505eb",
"text": "48th Academy Awards The 48th Academy Awards were presented March 29 , 1976 at the Dorothy Chandler Pavilion , Los Angeles . The ceremonies were presided over by Walter Matthau , Robert Shaw , George Segal , Goldie Hawn , and Gene Kelly . This year , ABC took over broadcast rights from NBC , and continues to broadcast them today . ( NBC 's coverage of the 1976 NCAA Final Four aired opposite the ceremony ; during the presentation of the Best Film Editing award , the winner was jokingly announced ( by presenter Elliott Gould ) as `` Indiana , 86 -- 68 '' ; the Indiana Hoosiers had won the NCAA Final Four that night . ) Miloš Forman 's One Flew Over the Cuckoo 's Nest made a `` clean sweep '' of the major categories : Best Picture , Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Director and Best Screenplay ( Adapted ) . It was the second of three films to date to accomplish the sweep , following It Happened One Night in 1934 and preceding The Silence of the Lambs in 1991 . French actress Isabelle Adjani received her first nomination for Best Actress this year , making Adjani , 20 at the time , the youngest actress to be nominated in the leading actress category , breaking the record set by 22-year-old Elizabeth Hartman in 1967 . This record would later be surpassed by 13-year-old Keisha Castle-Hughes in 2004 , and again in 2013 by nine-year old Quvenzhane Wallis . Adjani also presented the Best Film Editing award that night along with Gould who delivered the Indiana joke during the presentation . At age 80 , George Burns became the oldest acting and Best Supporting Actor awardee , a record which stood until Jessica Tandy won Best Actress in 1989 . For males , Burns was succeeded by Christopher Plummer , who won Best Supporting Actor in 2012 for Beginners at the age of 82 . Jaws was followed 25 years later by Traffic for a film that won all its nominations except Best Picture . Jaws is one of the few films to be nominated for Best Picture but not for directing , acting , or writing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c2ee1995bddb99a3d78a9eb30dd9f58",
"text": "César Award for Best Supporting Actress The César Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role ( French : César de la meilleure actrice dans un second rôle ) is one of the César Awards , presented annually by the Académie des Arts et Techniques du Cinéma to recognize the outstanding performance in a supporting role of an actress who has worked within the French film industry during the year preceding the ceremony . Nominees and winner are selected via a run-off voting by all the members of the Académie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2697534c898057c5a2bd02d344978b17",
"text": "British Academy Television Awards 2011 The 2011 British Academy Television Awards were held on 22 May 2011 . The nominations were announced on 26 April . Graham Norton hosted the ceremony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2227ab834f2434a56ea7f9dd5140e677",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dff3afb9cc207bc396c07c1ecb151bab",
"text": "3rd Empire Awards The 3rd Empire Awards ceremony , presented by the British film magazine Empire , honored the best films of 1997 and took place in 1998 . During the ceremony , Empire presented Empire Awards in nine categories as well as one honorary award . The awards were sponsored by Stella Artois for the first time . All of the winners this year won one award each . The Full Monty won the award for Best British Film , while Men in Black won the award for Best Film . Other winners included A Life Less Ordinary , Hamlet , Jerry Maguire , L.A. Confidential , Nil by Mouth , The Crucible and The English Patient . Dennis Hopper received the Lifetime Achievement Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88cd9e5e598dd57a247761fc11585a3a",
"text": "Barry Award (for comedy) The Barry Award is an annual prize presented to the most outstanding comedy act at the Melbourne International Comedy Festival . It has been awarded since 1998 , when it was introduced as the Stella Award , and was renamed in 2000 in honour of Barry Humphries , one of the festival 's founding patrons . The Barry is generally regarded as the most prestigious award of the festival , and the winner receives a trophy and cash prize .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6db6def9e442caf70d05a22aed7a0a03 | Eat Pray Love is a romantic best-selling album. | [
{
"docid": "823d0a461cd25fea71472abcf5bef8d2",
"text": "Eat Pray Love Eat Pray Love is a 2010 American biographical romantic comedy-drama film starring Julia Roberts as Elizabeth Gilbert , based on Gilbert 's best-selling memoir Eat , Pray , Love . Ryan Murphy co-wrote and directed the film , which opened in the United States on August 13 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b9ac798c334226b5708672dad0ddeb99",
"text": "Love Songs (Vanessa Williams album) Love Songs , part of a series of compilation albums that features love/romantic songs from various artists ' , is the 3rd collection of hits by Vanessa Williams released in 2004 . The album features 12 songs , including hits like `` Dreamin ' '' , `` Save the Best for Last '' , and `` Just for Tonight '' , 2 previously unreleased songs in the U.S. , `` Alfie '' and `` April Fools '' , a remixed version of `` The Way That You Love '' , and `` Love Like This '' , which was taken from the B-side of the single `` Just for Tonight '' from The Comfort Zone album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ecb85a1283a0fdfa715ad5bbf461d5e",
"text": "Love Story (Johnny Mathis album) Love Story is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released in February 1971 by Columbia Records and included a recent Oscar nominee ( `` What Are You Doing the Rest of Your Life ? '' ) , a flashback to 1967 ( `` Traces '' ) , a new song by Bacharach & David ( `` Ten Times Forever More '' ) , a lesser-known one by Goffin & King ( `` I Was There '' ) , and two songs that originated in film scores from 1970 and had lyrics added later : the album closer , `` Loss of Love '' , from Sunflower and the album opener from Love Story , which was subtitled `` Where Do I Begin '' . The norm for Mathis projects from this era was to cover recent hits , and the title track of this one was so recent that the version by Andy Williams began a 13-week run to number nine on Billboard magazine 's Hot 100 chart in February 1971 , coinciding with the release of this LP . The Mathis recording of `` Ten Times Forever More '' was released as a single on January 21 of that year and spent two weeks on Billboard magazine 's Easy Listening chart in March that included a peak position at number 32 . The album 's debut on the magazine 's Top LP 's chart was in the issue dated March 13 and led to a number 47 showing over the course of 18 weeks . Love Story was released for the first time on compact disc in 1995 as one of two albums on one CD , the other LP being his Raindrops Keep Fallin ' on My Head album from 1970 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c1b2c763c83f176486a076d6e4b97c94",
"text": "True Love Waits (song) `` True Love Waits '' is a song by the English alternative rock band Radiohead . Its lyrics address love , ageing , and abandonment . Radiohead first performed `` True Love Waits '' in 1995 , and singer Thom Yorke performed it alone on acoustic guitar or Rhodes piano numerous times in the following years . The band and their producer Nigel Godrich attempted to record it for their albums OK Computer ( 1997 ) , Kid A ( 2000 ) and Amnesiac ( 2001 ) , but struggled to find an arrangement that satisfied them , and it became one of their most famous unreleased songs . A live recording from the Amnesiac tour was released on I Might Be Wrong : Live Recordings ( 2001 ) . In 2016 , a studio version of `` True Love Waits '' was finally released as the closing track on Radiohead 's ninth album , A Moon Shaped Pool , rearranged as a minimal piano ballad . Both versions of the song received positive reviews , and several critics felt the long wait made the studio version more powerful . Though it was not released as a single , `` True Love Waits '' entered the French SNEP and US Billboard Hot Rock Songs singles chart , peaking at 181 and 43 respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db08b8f64d1a14a8989ac5480451d2b7",
"text": "Juicy Love (Happiness song) `` Juicy Love '' ( stylized as `` JUICY LOVE in digital formats ) is a song recorded by Japanese girl group Happiness , taken as the lead single from their second studio album , Girlz n ' Effect ( 2016 ) . It was released on May 28 , 2014 via Rhythm Zone and Avex Music Creative Inc. , and distributed in four physical formats -- two standard compact discs , music cards and a CD and DVD bundle -- and for digital consumption . The track was written and co-composed by Kanata Okajima , with additional music and production credits to Albi Albertsson and Patrick Hamilton ; co-production was handled by Exile 's Hiro . Musically , it is a dance-pop song that incorporates synthesizers and keyboards within its instrumentation . Although members Karen Fujii and Ruri Kawamoto provide vocals throughout the composition , the remaining five girls sing background vocals through the songs chorus . Lyrically , the song focuses of themes of enjoyment and love . Upon its release , `` Juicy Love '' received favorable reviews from music critics , with compliments aimed towards its dance nature and noted the creative progression since member Miyuu took over leadership of the group . Commercially , `` Juicy Love '' experienced moderate success in Japan , reaching the top 10 on both the Oricon Singles Chart and Japan Hot 100 . By June 2014 , the single sold over 30,000 units as reported by Oricon . An accompanying music video was published on the Avex Trax YouTube channel , depicting them in three rooms that focus on different fashion styles . In order to promote the track , Happiness performed `` Juicy Love '' on several television and live shows , and was subsequently used as the ending theme song to Nippon TV 's Pon ( 2014 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "352d1b9150eb774b1042bb8b35e9c486",
"text": "The Whole Love The Whole Love is the eighth album by American alternative rock group Wilco , released on September 27 , 2011 . It is the first Wilco album that was released on their own label dBpm . Attendees at Wilco 's 2011 Solid Sound Festival at the Massachusetts Museum of Contemporary Art from June 24 to 26 could purchase the first single from the album , `` I Might '' . The entire album was streamed live on Wilco 's official website for 24 hours between September 3 and 4 , 2011 , and later streamed on National Public Radio . The album packaging and cover art are pieces by Joanne Greenbaum . On November 30 , 2011 , the album received a nomination in the 54th Grammy Awards for Best Rock Album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f76a10ba8796d9e2a1f5ee71e5bc254f",
"text": "It's Love `` It 's Love '' is a song by progressive metal band King 's X appearing on their album Faith Hope Love . It was released in 1990 on Megaforce Records . It is the band 's highest charting single , peaking at # 6 on Mainstream Rock Tracks in 1990 . The song is much noted for its Beatles-like sound . The picture seen on the front can also be found on the back of the booklet of the album Faith Hope Love .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef52746e12c273d4097eb526053838cb",
"text": "Lead Me On (Amy Grant album) Lead Me On is the seventh studio album , and eleventh overall album by Christian music singer-songwriter Amy Grant , released in 1988 through A&M Recordings . Lead Me On was a departure from its predecessor , the high-energy pop album Unguarded . Unlike Unguarded or 1991 's Heart in Motion , Lead Me On was not mainstream compatible . Only three of its songs earned mainstream airplay , all of them insignificantly ( the title song charted for two weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 , reaching No. 96 , and `` Saved by Love '' and `` 1974 ( We Were Young ) '' made the Adult Contemporary chart in minor positions ) . Christian music , however , praised the album . It would later be named the No. 1 Christian album of all time by CCM Magazine , in the 2001 book CCM Presents : The 100 Greatest Albums in Christian Music . The title song was featured in WOW # 1s : 31 of the Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1e397351e5f4a248027863bc94ff079",
"text": "Love Beyond Reason Love Beyond Reason is an album by Randy Stonehill , released in 1985 , on Myrrh Records . The album contained the hit single , `` I Could Never Say Goodbye , '' which was a duet with singer Amy Grant . Grant had recently become one of the biggest names in Christian music , and had crossed over into the mainstream with her Unguarded album . Stonehill also released a Love Beyond Reason Video collection in 1985 on VHS and Beta , which included videos of `` Love Beyond Reason , '' `` Until Your Love Broke Through , '' `` Hymn , '' `` You 're Loved Tonight , '' `` Still Small Voice , '' ( from Stonehill 's Celebrate this Hearbeat album ) and `` The Gods of Men . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "910b1165e6d62c52b57560f2eeb77173",
"text": "Romantically Romantically is an album by American pop singer Johnny Mathis that was released on November 18 , 1963 , by Columbia Records and was also the final original studio album recorded by Mathis for the label prior to his moving to Mercury Records . Mathis had recorded exclusively for Columbia from 1956 to 1963 . After a brief stint with Mercury , he returned to Columbia in 1967 . His first Mercury project , Sounds of Christmas , was actually released six weeks before this one , on October 4 . Romantically made its first appearance on Billboard magazine 's album chart in the issue dated December 28 , 1963 , and peaked at number 23 over the course of 27 weeks . The first compact disc release of the album came on June 9 , 2009 , when it was issued as disc two of a two-CD set that also included his 1962 LP Rapture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7a23ce92264b69c2a62903d10f94b9b",
"text": "Mai Kuraki discography The discography of Japanese singer Mai Kuraki consists of eleven studio albums , three compilation albums , two remix albums , nineteen video albums , and forty-two singles . Kuraki debuted in 1999 , while she was still in high school , through Giza Studio . The label initially marketed Kuraki in the United States under the name Mai K , and released the single `` Baby I Like '' ( 1999 ) . However , the single was a commercial failure which prompted the label to send her back to Japan . There , they released her single `` Love , Day After Tomorrow '' , which peaked at number two on the Oricon Singles Chart and was certified million by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAJ ) . The second single , `` Stay by My Side '' became her first number one single on the chart . Kuraki 's debut album , Delicious Way , topped the Oricon Albums Chart and was certified triple million by the RIAJ . In 2001 , her second album Perfect Crime was released , and it became another million seller , certified quadruple-platinum by the RIAJ . `` Winter Bells '' , released in 2002 became her second number one single on the Oricon Singles Chart , and its parent album , Fairy Tale , topped the Albums Chart . It sold over 700,000 copies in Japan and earned a triple-platinum certification from the RIAJ . Kuraki 's following albums -- If I Believe ( 2003 ) , Wish You the Best ( 2004 ) , Fuse of Love ( 2005 ) , and Diamond Wave ( 2005 ) -- all charted within the top three of the Albums Chart . Both If I Believe and Wish You the Best peaked at number one on the Albums Chart . The former sold over 400,000 copies and was certified two-times platinum by the RIAJ while the latter sold more than 950,000 copies and was certified million by the RIAJ . Kuraki 's next studio album release , One Life ( 2008 ) charted outside the top 10 , peaking at number 14 on the Albums Chart . However , the follow-up to One Life titled Touch Me ! ( 2009 ) peaked at number one , earning a gold certification . She has also collaborated with Tak Matsumoto of B ' z on the single `` Imitation Gold '' , which peaked at number one on the Oricon Singles Chart . In 2009 , she was featured on the single `` Sunao ni Ienakute '' by Zard , a rearranged version of the band 's 1999 song of the same title . The single peaked at number five on the Oricon Singles Chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "960406d1d776167070ef62a0a3cc3170",
"text": "Hold on Love Hold On Love is an album released by the band Azure Ray . It was released October 7 , 2003 on Saddle Creek Records . This album is the 54th release of Saddle Creek Records . The song `` Across the Ocean '' was featured in the Korean drama Coffee Prince .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "058afefa67b6fb8d792ac9263a11fbbe",
"text": "More Love Songs More Love Songs is a 1986 album by Loudon Wainwright III released on Rounder Records . Wainwright had moved to England , and this was the second album produced by ( and featuring ) Richard Thompson . Critically and popularly it is probably considered the peak of his 1980s renaissance . After three albums in four years , it would be another three years before he released the largely ignored Therapy . The style of the album combines purely acoustic staples like `` Your Mother and I '' with piano-driven ballads like `` The Back Nine '' and full-blown rockers like `` Vampire Blues '' and `` Hard Day on the Planet '' . Wainwright also careens emotionally from the sad `` Overseas Call '' to the laugh-out-loud `` Synchronicity '' . Wainwright also enjoyed a period of popularity as a regular on The Jasper Carrott Show in the UK , and many of the songs from his following album were written during this time as well as some ( still ) unreleased ones . By the late 1980s Wainwright was back in the USA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63b0e68732a341854117b6d65a930b23",
"text": "Sakura, Minnade Tabeta , literally `` Cherry Blossoms , Let 's eat together '' , is the third single by the Japanese idol group HKT48 , released on March 12 , 2014 . It reached number one on the Oricon and Billboard Japan weekly singles chart . It was the 19th best-selling single of the year in Japan , with 327,815 copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f004cba75f57dcb369f9de3a2fe6143",
"text": "I Love You Hereafter I Love You Hereafter - 2004-2009 Fish Leong 's Hits is Fish Leong 's second compilation album . It was released on 1 February 2011 by Believe In Music in a 2CD/DVD format , and the DVD includes 18 music videos . The new album is a `` sequel '' to her first greatest hits album The Power of Love that came out eight years ago . The album features two new songs , namely '' 比較愛 '' ( Compare Love ) and '' 蔚藍海岸 '' ( La Côte d'Azur ) , and 18 major hits from her six studio albums released from year 2004 to 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c32048169a05348ab4844239175e3485",
"text": "We Gotta Pray `` We Got ta Pray '' is a song recorded by American recording artist Alicia Keys for her upcoming sixth studio album , originally planned for release in 2015 , now 2016 . A piano ballad , the song is regarded as Keys ' response to the police brutality controversies , namely the killings of Eric Garner and Michael Brown , that have caused nationwide protests in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2da40c1bae70d54841f9e9edde516b4",
"text": "The Love Album The Love Album may refer to : The Love Album ( John Hartford album ) , 1968 The Love Album ( Bobby Vinton album ) , 1971 compilation album The Love Album ( Shirley Bassey album ) , 1990 compilation album The Love Album ( Doris Day album ) , 1994 The Love Album ( Westlife album ) , 2006 The Love Tour , a 2007 tour by Westlife in support of the album",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32782affeb2d727e25c22436e9dd0121",
"text": "WOW Number 1s WOW # 1s is a two-disc compilation album of thirty one songs that have been heralded as the `` Greatest Christian Music Hits Ever , '' with recordings dating from 1988 to 2005 . It was released on April 5 , 2005 . The album features songs by FFH , Amy Grant , Rebecca St. James , Chris Rice , Avalon , and many other well-known singers and groups . It reached gold sales status in 2005 . WOW # 1s weighed in at 58th position on the Billboard 200 chart in 2005 , and at No. 1 on the Top Christian Albums chart in both 2005 and 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f672f4bfe40a8cfdf839e681940c6f9",
"text": "The Love Club EP The Love Club EP is the debut extended play ( EP ) by New Zealand singer Lorde . At the age of 12 , she was discovered by Universal Music Group scout Scott MacLachlan , and began writing songs . In December 2011 , MacLachlan paired Lorde with producer Joel Little , and within three weeks , the pair had co-written and produced all 5 songs on the EP . In November 2012 , Lorde self-released the EP for free download via SoundCloud . On 8 March 2013 the record was commercially released by Universal Music Group and Virgin Records . An indie rock-influenced electronica album , The Love Club EP was well received by music critics , who praised its production and compared its style to works by Sky Ferreira , Florence and the Machine and Lana Del Rey . The release peaked at number two in New Zealand and Australia , and was certified platinum and septuple platinum in those two countries respectively . In the US , the record charted at number twenty-three on the Billboard 200 chart and have sold 60,000 copies as of August 2013 . To promote The Love Club EP , Lorde performed during various concerts , and `` Royals '' was released as a single .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80155fc806070dbf0005968fca572d38",
"text": "Love Songs (Yanni album) Love Songs is a compilation album by Keyboardist Yanni , released on the Private Music label in 1999 . The album peaked at # 1 on Billboard 's `` Top New Age Albums '' chart and at # 98 on the `` Billboard 200 '' chart in the same year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a253d707b0870bf3c45a73c6025cb920",
"text": "Breathe (Faith Hill album) Breathe is the fourth studio album by country music recording artist Faith Hill , released November 9 , 1999 on Warner Bros. . Records . It won a Grammy Award for Best Country Album . Breathe is one of the most successful country/pop albums to date . It has been certified 8 × Platinum by the RIAA , for shipping eight million copies in the US . The album includes the singles `` Breathe '' , `` The Way You Love Me '' , `` Let 's Make Love '' , and `` If My Heart Had Wings '' . `` Breathe '' and `` The Way You Love Me '' Were both number 1 hits on the Hot Country Songs charts ; the former also reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was the top pop song of 2000 according to Billboard Year-End . Several of the album 's tracks also charted from unsolicited airplay . Hill 's Breathe debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , a first for the country artist . The Warner Bros. . Nashville set sold 242,000 units , according to SoundScan . The album includes a cover version of Bette Midler 's 1998 song , ` That 's How Love Moves ' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
06d1a432bb4f371d5a128f272fe6b5e8 | Constantine is based on the Hellblazer comic book. | [
{
"docid": "0259eda54044b23281b6c8f477e86e41",
"text": "Constantine (film) Constantine is a 2005 American-German occult detective action horror film directed by Francis Lawrence as his feature film directorial debut , starring Keanu Reeves as John Constantine , with Rachel Weisz , Shia LaBeouf , Tilda Swinton , Pruitt Taylor Vince , and Djimon Hounsou . With a screenplay by Kevin Brodbin and Frank Cappello , the film is based on DC Comics ' Hellblazer comic book , with plot elements taken from the `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc ( issues # 4146 ) and the `` Original Sins '' story arc . The character of John Constantine was introduced by comic book writer/creator Alan Moore while writing the Swamp Thing , first appearing there in June 1985 . In 1988 , the character of John Constantine was given his own comic book title , Hellblazer , published by DC Comics . The `` Dangerous Habits '' story arc was written by Garth Ennis in 1991 . The film portrays John Constantine as a cynic with the ability to perceive and communicate with half-angels and half-demons in their true form . He seeks salvation from eternal damnation in Hell for a suicide attempt in his youth . Constantine exorcises demons back to Hell to earn favor with Heaven but has become weary over time . With terminal lung cancer , he helps a troubled police detective learn the truth about her sister 's death while simultaneously unraveling a much larger and darker plot . Constantine was released in the United States and Canada on February 18 , 2005 and in Hong Kong on February 8 , 2005 . The film received mixed reviews and was a box office success , grossing $ 230.9 million worldwide from a $ 100 million budget .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "acf64dd80cc9697de0e1f5c74c47621d",
"text": "Zatanna Zatanna Zatara is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published DC Comics . The character was created by Julius Schwartz , Gardner Fox and Murphy Anderson , and first appeared in Hawkman # 4 ( November 1964 ) . Zatanna is both a stage magician and an actual magician , like her father Giovanni `` John '' Zatara . As such she has many of her father 's powers relating to magic , typically controlled by speaking the words of her incantations spelled backwards . She is known for her involvement with the Justice League , her retconned childhood association with Batman , and her crossing of the Vertigo line with characters such as romantic partner John Constantine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be85844ab202ca8969a3c4a652a7800e",
"text": "Ghost Rider: Road to Damnation Ghost Rider : Road to Damnation is a six issue comics miniseries starring the supernatural biker superhero Ghost Rider . It is written by Garth Ennis , illustrated by Clayton Crain , and was first published under the Marvel Knights imprint of Marvel Comics from 2005 to 2006 . Although `` Road to Damnation '' was the title of the story , the title of the book was simply Ghost Rider when it was first published . When the miniseries was collected into a single edition in 2006 , it was published under the name : Ghost Rider : Road to Damnation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9aea12ef24682f2fe795e3a1ba0caf0b",
"text": "Hellfire Club (comics) The Hellfire Club is a fictional society appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The Hellfire Club often comes into confrontation with the mutant superhero team , the X-Men . Although the Club appears to merely be an international social club for wealthy elites , its clandestine Inner Circle seeks to influence world events , in accordance with their own agenda . Created by the Uncanny X-Men writer/artist duo of Chris Claremont and John Byrne , they were heavily influenced by a 1966 episode of the British television series The Avengers ( `` A Touch of Brimstone '' ) . The name `` Hellfire Club '' in fact has a historical precedent , having been a popular name for gentlemen 's clubs in the 18th century . Additionally , the hierarchy of the Inner Circle is modeled on the pieces of a chess set , with Black and White sets of Kings , Queens , Bishops and Rooks . The Hellfire Club and its Inner Circle were introduced in `` The Dark Phoenix Saga '' , attempting to subvert the X-Men 's Jean Grey . This incarnation , composed most notably of Black King Sebastian Shaw and White Queen Emma Frost , would remain prominent for many years . After their initial confrontations , the Hellfire Club and the X-Men settled into an uneasy alliance . This eventually changed as endless power struggles perpetuated a series of upheavals within the Inner Circle . The club has appeared in two X-Men animated series ( X-Men : The Animated Series and Wolverine and the X-Men ) , both times being renamed as simply The Inner Circle , due to the hesitations to use the word Hellfire in animated children series . Members of the Hellfire Club appeared in 2011 's X-Men : First Class as the main villains , led by Sebastian Shaw and Emma Frost .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499",
"text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e3efa5e25d936e577dbba0d8c4d6dd7",
"text": "Constantine's Sword (film) James Carroll 's Constantine 's Sword , or Constantine 's Sword , is a 2007 historical documentary film on the relationship between the Catholic Church and Jews . Directed and produced by Oscar-nominated filmmaker Oren Jacoby , the film is inspired by former priest James P. Carroll 's 2001 book Constantine 's Sword .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93e636b66a673b411e265d5a1f5118ee",
"text": "Legion of Super-Heroes The Legion of Super-Heroes is a fictional superhero team appearing in books published by DC Comics . Created by writer Otto Binder and artist Al Plastino , the Legion is a group of superpowered beings living in the 30th and 31st centuries of the , and first appears in Adventure Comics # 247 ( April 1958 ) . Initially , the team was closely associated with the original Superboy character ( Superman when he was a teenager ) , and was portrayed as a group of time travelers . Later , the Legion 's origin and back story were fleshed out , and the group was given its own monthly comic . Eventually , Superboy was removed from the team altogether and appeared only as an occasional guest star . The team has undergone two major reboots during its run . The original version was replaced with a new rebooted version following the events of the `` Zero Hour '' storyline in 1994 and another rebooted team was introduced in 2004 . A fourth version of the team , nearly identical to the original version , was introduced in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "666e8ef6aa8bd100a9811a374c08559a",
"text": "Army of Darkness (comics) Army of Darkness comics are based on the film of the same name published originally by Dark Horse Comics , and later by Dynamite Entertainment who initially published them through Devil 's Due Publishing . The stories follow the adventures of the Evil Dead series , Ash Williams , and has included a number of crossovers with a wide variety of characters such as , Marvel Zombies , Darkman , Freddy Krueger , Jason Voorhees , Dracula , Xena , Danger Girl , and Re-Animator .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b92730419869ff405098096e9167949e",
"text": "Lobster Johnson Lobster Johnson ( also known as the Lobster ) is a fictional character featured in the Hellboy and Bureau For Paranormal Research and Defense comic books published by Dark Horse Comics . He was created by Mike Mignola . Within the Hellboy universe , the Lobster was a vigilante who worked in secret in New York City during the 1930s . Although the public believes that the Lobster was only the hero of pulp serials and comics , he was a real man who faced gangsters as well as paranormal threats . The Lobster had a reputation for violence , such as killing mobsters and burning his trademark lobster claw symbol into their foreheads with the palm of his gloved hand . This behavior was similar to the Marvel UK comic book character Night Raven , and the pulp magazine hero The Spider .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b8c8085016bfdb091f17fe3b98fcf31",
"text": "Batwing (DC Comics) Batwing is a fictional comic book superhero appearing in publications by DC Comics . Within DC Comics internal continuity , Batwing is one of several superheroes patterned after the famous superhero Batman . Batwing , in particular , was conceived by Batman as his crime-fighting counterpart overseas , ` the Batman of Africa ' . The first Batwing is David Zavimbe , a Congolese police officer , created by writer Grant Morrison within the pages of Batman Incorporated prior to receiving his own eponymous series . Following later events within Batman Incorporated and Batwing , Zavimbe is replaced in the role by Luke Fox , an American mixed martial artist who had been Batman 's first choice in the role , who is also the son of Batman 's close associate Lucius Fox . Batwing faces a roster of adversaries ranging from international super villains to the Democratic Republic of Congo 's corrupt police force . Batwing expands the DC Universe by taking place in Africa , making David Zavimbe both the first ( in continuity ) black Batman and one of the few characters headlining a series outside the United States . Fox is also black , and becomes the first in-continuity African American Batman .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3427ae0ac4c896a6618b3c0a4d99d65",
"text": "Hercules (Radical Comics) Hercules is a Radical Comics character who has appeared in two limited series The Thracian Wars and The Knives of Kush , both written by Steve Moore with Cris Bolsin on art . The Jim Steranko `` Hercules '' from the cover of the first issue is also featured in solid bronze as the first in the Radical Toyz product line . Radical Toyz commissioned sculptor Chris Ingram to bring to life the art that represents Radical 's flagship title",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8459c8f30e481ac2f8552acfdc08d69e",
"text": "American Vampire American Vampire is an American Eisner Award-winning comic book series created by writer Scott Snyder and drawn by artist Rafael Albuquerque . The series imagines vampires as a population made up of many different secret species , and charts moments of vampire evolution and inter-species conflict throughout history . The focus of the series is a new American bloodline of vampires , born in the American West in the late 19th century . The first of this new species is a notorious outlaw named Skinner Sweet , who wakes from death , after being infected , to find he has become a new kind of vampire , something stronger and faster than what came before , impervious to sunlight , with a new set of strengths and weaknesses . The series goes on to track his movements through various decades of American history -- along with the movements of his first and only known progeny : Pearl Jones , a young woman working as a struggling actress in the 1920s silent film industry when she is attacked by a coven of European vampires hiding in Hollywood . Sweet saves her ( uncharacteristically ) by giving her his blood , thereby turning her into an American vampire like him , at which point she seeks revenge on the classic vampires who attacked her in life . The complicated and charged relationship Jones has with Sweet is another focus of the series . The first five issues featured two stories -- one by Snyder and the other by Stephen King , both drawn by Rafael Albuquerque . As of the sixth issue , Scott Snyder has taken over as sole writer . American Vampire has spun off two mini-series . The first , `` Survival of the Fittest '' , illustrated by Sean Murphy focuses on the cases files of the V.M.S. , the vampire hunting organization of the series . The second , `` Lord of Nightmares '' , illustrated by Dustin Nguyen further focuses on the mythology presented by Survival of the Fittest . In June 2013 , a one shot co-written by Snyder and Albuquerque ( who also illustrates the 64-page issue ) , entitled `` Long Road to Hell '' which features vampire hunter Travis Kidd , was released .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25361dc58698cdc5d4e641ad2faf982d",
"text": "Mercy (Vertigo) Mercy ( 1993 ) is an American graphic novel , written by J. M. DeMatteis and illustrated by Paul Johnson , published by DC Comics ' Vertigo imprint . It tells the tale of bitter , cynical Joshua Rose . While in a coma after a stroke , he finds himself drifting through states of Limbo . There he witnesses the personification of Mercy battling many of the personal demons and afflictions of mankind , including himself . Despite his initial hostility toward her , he finally comes to accept and appreciate her qualities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e0d8fdc0fbe4e2b3fee74e9e7c63619",
"text": "Batman: Anarky Batman : Anarky is a 1999 trade paperback published by DC Comics . The book collects prominent appearances of Anarky , a comic book character created by Alan Grant and Norm Breyfogle . Although all of the collected stories were written by Alan Grant , various artists contributed to individual stories . Dual introductions were written by the creatorsboth of whom introduce the character and give insight into their role in Anarky 's creation and development . Featured as an antagonist in various Batman comics during the '90s , stories based on the character were highly thematic , political , and philosophical in tone . The majority of the collected stories ( `` Anarky in Gotham City '' , `` Anarky : Tomorrow Belongs to Us '' , `` Anarky '' ) are influenced by the philosophy of anarchism , while the final story ( `` Metamorphosis '' ) is influenced by Frank R. Wallace . Although anti-statism is the overarching theme of the collection , other concepts are explored . Anarky 's characterization was expanded throughout the stories to present him first as a libertarian socialist and anarchist , and in the final story as a vehicle for explorations into atheism , rationalism , and bicameralism . Literary references are also utilized throughout the collected stories to stress the philosophical foundations of the character . The collection also tracks the character 's evolution from a petty , street-crime fighting vigilante , to a competent freedom fighter in opposition to powerful forces of evil . Critics have positively received some of the stories within the collection , analyzing Anarky as a unique force for political commentary and discussion within DC Comics ' storytelling . However , the expansive growth of the character 's unique abilities and characterization has also fueled criticism as having overpowered the character beyond suspension of disbelief .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b",
"text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65495df19ed569b15dc32e5b72015838",
"text": "From Hell (disambiguation) From Hell is a graphic novel by writer Alan Moore and artist Eddie Campbell . From Hell may also refer to : From Hell ( film ) , a 2001 American/British film , loosely based on the comic book series From Hell letter , the original letter From Hell ( EP ) , a 2006 EP by Walls of Jericho ... from Hell , a British TV documentary series From Hell , the first episode of the third series of the British comedy series The IT Crowd",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1104881a6629969ac6d81f1c5f90fe51",
"text": "Kajko i Kokosz Kajko i Kokosz ( Kajko and Kokosz ) is a notable comic book series by Janusz Christa , published in Poland between the 1970s and 1980s . It is centred on a story of two Slavic warriors named Kajko and Kokosz , loosely resembling both Asterix and Obelix , as well as two personalities from Christa 's earlier series on Kajtek i Koko ( set in contemporary and science-fiction background ) . The series consists of 20 volumes , as well as a number of shorter stories published in various magazines . In 2006 a short animated 3D movie was made . The series was largely popular in Poland and has been re-edited several times . It was also the basis of several computer games . Recently , several volumes were translated into other languages including Kashubian and Silesian , as well as a dialect used by highlanders from Podhale . Main characters in the series include castellan Mirmił , hypochondriac ruler of the village of Mirmiłowo , where Kajko and Kokosz serve as warriors ; Lubawa , dominating wife of Mirmił ; small dragon Miluś ; benevolent witch Jaga ; her husband , the good bandit Łamignat ( Bonebreaker ) , and the antagonists of the series : military knight order of Zbójcerze ( Banditknights ) , based on the Teutonic Knights , led by Hegemon , with his second in command , Hitler-like Kapral ( Corporal ) and Schweik-like Oferma ( Loser ) . The stories are written in tongue-in-cheek manner and contain light satirical elements , usually puns concerning reality of living in Communist-ruled Poland with characters sometimes mentioning labour unions , bureaucracy , commodity shortages and similar themes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ace57d0f3abbf532dbd9de956e5fa4d",
"text": "Beowulf (DC Comics) Beowulf is a fictional character of the swords and sorcery genre published by DC Comics . The character debuted in Beowulf : Dragon Slayer # 1 ( May 1975 ) , and was created by Michael Uslan and Ricardo Villamonte . The character is based on the Anglo-Saxon mythic hero Beowulf , first depicted in the Nowell Codex .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0613cebcd7fd8f22e33f938530f6082",
"text": "Liberators (comics) The Liberators are a group of fictional supervillains appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . These characters appear in comics set in the Ultimate Marvel universe . Created by Mark Millar and Bryan Hitch , they appear in the miniseries The Ultimates 2 . They are effectively the Ultimate universe 's equivalents of the Masters of Evil . The Liberators are a superhuman task force who appear at the climax of the plot arc . They spearhead an invasion of the United States and are from a coalition of nations opposed to the United States ' foreign policy . This international collective is made up of China , Syria , North Korea , Iran , and rogue elements of the French and Russian governments . The Liberators and their overseers are an opposing counterpart to the Ultimates and S.H.I.E.L.D. , respectively . `` We told you to stop making super people , America . We told you not to interfere with cultures you can never understand . This is what happens when your ambitions outstrip your capabilities . The empire takes a fall . Congratulations , ladies and gentlemen ... The Great Satan has just been liberated . '' - The Colonel",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d7b7bd08a8e84f087bfec3e69a5c1f9",
"text": "Image Comics Image Comics is an American comic book publisher . It was founded in 1992 by several high-profile illustrators as a venue where comics creators could publish their material without giving up the copyrights to the characters they created , as creator-owned properties . It was immediately successful , and remains one of the largest comic book publishers in North America . Its output was originally dominated by superhero and fantasy series from the studios of the Image partners , but now includes comics in many genres by numerous independent creators . Its best-known series include Spawn , Savage Dragon , Witchblade , The Darkness , Invincible , The Walking Dead , Saga , and Chew .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "675784e891156f47b9d43662efc99c93",
"text": "Kerberos Panzer Cop Kerberos Panzer Cop , also known as , is a 1988 to 2000 Kerberos saga manga written by Mamoru Oshii and illustrated by Kamui Fujiwara ( Studio 2B ) with mechanical design by Yutaka Izubuchi . This comic series tales events prior to those portrayed in Oshii 's 1987 live-action feature film The Red Spectacles . In 1991 , Mamoru Oshii directed the movie StrayDog : Kerberos Panzer Cops which is based on the first volume of Kerberos Panzer Cop . The complete comic series was loosely adapted for the screen in the 1999 animated feature Jin-Roh directed by Hiroyuki Okiura and written by Mamoru Oshii . Part One ( Act 1 ~ 4 ) of Kerberos Panzer Cop was published in various Japanese comic magazines from 1988 to 1990 , it was later completed with Part Two ( Act 5 ~ 8 ) published in Monthly Shōnen Ace from 1999 to 2000 . Translated versions of the complete series were issued in South Korea , Hong Kong , Macau , Malaysia and Taiwan in the early 2000s . A sequel named Kerberos Saga : Rainy Dogs was serialized in Ace Tokunoh from 2003 to 2005 , then published as an extended single volume in 2005 . An English language adaptation of the first four acts was published under the title Hellhounds : Panzer Cops in 1994 by Dark Horse Comics . The American translators from Studio Protheus , Alan Gleason and Toren Smith , randomly used the alternative titles Hellhounds ( Cerberos - sic - : Panzer Cop ) and Hellhounds . This adaptation was later issued in the United Kingdom by Diamond Comic Distributors in 1998 , and a translated version was published in the German magazine Manga Power in 1996 . On April 2010 , as a twentieth anniversary of the Original Edition ( 1990 volume compilation ) , Gakken publisher will issue Kerberos Panzer Cop a Revision : 20th edition , a planned revised version ( Act 1 ~ 8 ) with corrected scenes and `` digitally refine '' graphics by Kamui Fujiwara . A 16 pages extra Act Kerberos Panzer Cop : Special Issue ( 前夜-ケルベロス騒乱異聞 , zenya - keruberosu souran ibun ) was prepublished in Kerberos Panzer Cops : Tokyo War , the Kerberos Saga 's definitive guide .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
01eb47aa4a54d96f7ff0055a597cffa9 | 1950 was the year Jennifer Grey was born in. | [
{
"docid": "7521a7c459d159ea8c8f95b0e27b44c2",
"text": "Jennifer Grey Jennifer Grey ( born March 26 , 1960 ) is an American actress . She is known for her roles in the 1980s films Ferris Bueller 's Day Off ( 1986 ) and Dirty Dancing ( 1987 ) , for which Grey earned a Golden Globe Award nomination . She is also known for her 2010 victory in season eleven of the American version of Strictly Come Dancing . Grey is the daughter of Academy Award -- winning actor Joel Grey and former actress/singer Jo Wilder . Grey currently stars in the Amazon Studios comedy series Red Oaks .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f7ce5064d571c39c7b1584a0b3b1b122",
"text": "Houbunsha is a Japanese publishing company founded on July 10 , 1950 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cba7b20f4b31889a3ba7644643c444c7",
"text": "George Lotrell Timanus George Lotrell Timanus ( January 31 , 1892 -- June 1981 ) was a physician who performed illegal abortions in the Baltimore/Washington , D.C. area from 1920 to 1951 . Timanus and one other abortion provider performed an estimated 90 % criminal abortions in Baltimore . In 1950 , Timanus used his criminal trial to challenge the abortion laws in the United States , as Aleck Bourne had done in the UK . However , his trial and that of another doctor , Edgar Keemer , were not understood as challenges by the public , and Timanus and Keemer did not recruit other doctors or patients to their cause in a way that might have built a movement or sparked national conversation . He was fined $ 5,000 , sentenced to six months in jail , and barred from further practice of medicine . Timanus participated in the Planned Parenthood Conference on Abortion in America in 1955 . He gave a detailed breakdown of his patients , of whom he kept meticulous records , noting that of 5,200 women on whom he had performed abortions , only two had died . As Garrett Hardin noted , this 0.04 % rate , in the days before antibiotics , was not only far lower than the mortality rate for women carrying to term at the time , but still only half the maternal mortality rate a generation later . At the conference , Timanus also lamented that of the 353 doctors who referred patients to him -- some of them , Timanus claimed , with letters recommending abortion -- none stood up to testify for him when he was arrested . Timanus asked referring doctors to make a written statement that the abortion was necessary because her life would otherwise be jeopardized . The breakdown of Timanus ' patients was as follows : Age 12 - 15 : 17 Age 16 - 20 : 688 Age 21 - 25 : 1,834 Age 26 - 30 : 1,268 Age 31 - 40 : 1,312 Age 41 + : 91 Single : 1,830 Married : 2,773 Widowed/Divorced/Separated : 607 Physicians : 7 Wives of physicians : 58 Nurses : 270 Mary Calderone , then Medical Director of Planned Parenthood Federation of America , noted that Timanus `` certainly seemed to be very competent and professional . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c565b9efc221fcf7f2ae9d28f01f63ec",
"text": "Jennifer Welles Jennifer Welles ( born March 15 , 1937 ) is an American former pornographic actress in films of the 1970s , although she began her acting career in the late 1960s in the softcore sexploitation genre films produced in New York . Some of these include : Sex by Advertisement ( 1967 ) , Career Bed , Submission , and This Sporting House , by pornographic film director Henri Pachard ( all from 1969 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f58162fdad8d83fae3cc8c100e372ce5",
"text": "The Golden Time The Golden Time is a 1949 novel by the Canadian author Harold Standish . It tells the story of the McGibbon family of Chatham , Ontario as they struggle with various troubles , including alcoholism , domestic abuse , and their ultimate triumph as owners of a tobacco farm in the countryside near Chatham . The novel was first published by in Toronto by Macmillan in 1949 , and was later reprinted in several paperback editions . Like other novels of the period by such contemporaries of Standish as Morley Callaghan and Hugh Garner , The Golden Time uses terse , straightforward prose reminiscent of social realist genre . As a significant departure from realism , however , the novel uses a number of time-shift sequences to emphasize the connections between the different generations of the McGibbon family . In this sense , the novel can be regarded as a precursor to such modernist Canadian novels as Sheila Watson 's The Double Hook and Hugh MacLennan 's The Watch That Ends the Night ( both published in 1959 ) . The Golden Time was Standish 's first novel . He published just one more novel , Blues for Loretta , in ( 1954 ) before giving up fiction to concentrate on poetry . In his biography of Standish , Douglas Scott quotes the legendary literary critic George Woodcock as saying that The Golden Time is `` a work that makes one wish Standish had turned his pen to fiction more often . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3605cdb5ae24852eeea8b9e77bdc1131",
"text": "Harold Grey Harold Grey ( born December 20 , 1971 ) is a former boxer who was the IBF super flyweight champion twice in the mid-1990s . He was born in Arjona , Bolívar , Colombia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da21ac655b3987384f5be09cfa6895a9",
"text": "Mary Pat Gleason Mary Pat Gleason ( born February 23 , 1950 ) is an American film and television actress and an Emmy Award winning writer . From 1983 -- 85 , she appeared on The Guiding Light as Jane Hogan . Since the early 1980s she has appeared on such television series as Full House , Dear John , Murphy Brown , Empty Nest , L.A. Law , Saved by the Bell , Murder , She Wrote , Friends , Step by Step , Suddenly Susan , Will & Grace , Sex and the City , Desperate Housewives , Family Matters , NCIS : Los Angeles , The Middleman , Up All Night , 1600 Penn , Motive , Baby Daddy , Grey 's Anatomy , Partners , Mama 's Family , Two Broke Girls and Mom . She has appeared in such feature films as I Now Pronounce You Chuck and Larry , Basic Instinct , Traffic , Bruce Almighty , 13 Going on 30 , The Crucible , Bottle Shock , A Cinderella Story , The Island , Killing Kennedy and Nina .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21623dfa225f619abbfe0fcb8ea6625e",
"text": "London 1950 London 1950 may refer to : London International Stamp Exhibition 1950 London Nationals ( 1950 -- ) , a Canadian junior ice hockey team London Ski jumping competition 1950 & 1951 1950 World Ice Hockey Championships , held in London 1950 World Figure Skating Championships , held in London 1950 FA Cup Final , held in London",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e810b18b639466026dea3ac2b2b2b3b5",
"text": "Lawrence Grey (producer) Lawrence Grey is a Canadian-American film and television producer . Grey launched his production company Grey Matter Productions in 2013 . Grey Matter 's first film , Lights Out , was released by Warner Bros. and New Line Cinema on July 22 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fb290ae04ea85f00f80006908efd1935",
"text": "Edward Lasker (businessman) Edward Lasker ( May 15 , 1912 -- July 11 , 1997 ) was an American businessman and Thoroughbred racehorse owner . He was one of the three children of Flora Warner and her husband , Albert Davis Lasker ( 1880-1952 ) , the owner of Lord & Thomas , a highly successful Chicago advertising agency , who was also the owner of the Chicago Cubs Major League Baseball team . Edward Lasker graduated from Yale University in 1933 . He then joined his father 's advertising agency where he worked until 1942 when he joined the U.S. Navy and served in the Pacific . In 1935 , he married Gimbels department-store heiress Caral Gimbel , but the marriage ended in divorce and Caral wed baseball star Hank Greenberg in 1946 . After the war ( by which time his father had left the advertising business ) , Edward Lasker moved to the West Coast of the United States where he became a film producer in Hollywood . In 1947 , Lasker married actress Jane Greer with whom he had three children . Their sons Alex and Lawrence Lasker are screenwriters and producers . In 1963 , Edward Lasker married Cynthia Stone Palmer . In 1929 , Edward Lasker became involved in Thoroughbred horse racing as an owner/breeder . After his marriage , his wife also became a race horse owner . At age forty , Edward Lasker went back to university to study for a law degree . After graduating in 1955 from the University of California in Los Angeles he began practising law . He served for many years on the boards of directors of Phillip Morris , Inc. and Great Western Financial . Edward Lasker was living in Los Angeles at the time of his death in 1997 at age eighty-five .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "505535e2adc60b968e3ff17037c51a4a",
"text": "50 (number) 50 ( fifty ) is the natural number following 49 and preceding 51 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44b4f109a6f98f07abff559e204e34fc",
"text": "Anne Bloom Anne Bloom ( born January 1 ( New Year 's Day ) , 1947 , in Los Angeles ) is an American former film and television actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cb1b42e0a949eaf2cee3dadcf286880",
"text": "Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings . The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . '' Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy . Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . '' The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque . Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories . The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e9af57f1ab0384ad97b0687b70b3cc9",
"text": "Waterfront (1950 film) Waterfront is a 1950 British black and white drama film directed by Michael Anderson and starring Robert Newton , Kathleen Harrison and Avis Scott . A sailor abandons his family , in the Liverpool slums . He returns years later causing family frictions . Adapted from the 1934 novel by Liverpool-born writer John Brophy , it was released in the U.S. as Waterfront Women .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ead7a7b62d445e809ee74400b8900cb",
"text": "Jay Eaton Jay Eaton ( March 17 , 1899 -- February 5 , 1970 ) was an American character actor whose career spanned both the silent and sound film eras . Born on March 17 , 1899 in Union , New Jersey , Eaton entered the film industry with a featured role in the 1920 silent film , Her First Elopement . Over the next 32 years , according to some sources , he would appear in almost 200 films , usually in smaller uncredited roles , or as a background extra . During the course of his career , he would appear in many notable films , including : Morning Glory ( 1933 ) , A Night at the Opera ( 1935 ) , Mr. Deeds Goes to Town ( 1936 ) , Cover Girl ( 1944 ) , Rhapsody in Blue ( 1945 ) , Brewster 's Millions ( 1945 ) , The Big Sleep ( 1946 ) , The Blue Dahlia ( 1946 ) , The Kid from Brooklyn ( 1946 ) , The Fuller Brush Man ( 1948 ) , The Fountainhead ( 1949 ) , and Young Man with a Horn ( 1950 ) . His final appearance would be in William Wyler 's 1952 film , Carrie , which stars Laurence Olivier and Jennifer Jones . Eaton died on February 5 , 1970 , at the age of 70 , and was buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Glendale , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62b251e3e651f36db2a71dc7d392ce34",
"text": "1950 in Portugal Events in the year 1950 in Portugal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40ba4ecaac43844eff1bcd5527906104",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard (film) Sunset Boulevard ( stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD. ) is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder , and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett . It was named after the boulevard that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills , California . The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis , an unsuccessful screenwriter , and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond , a faded silent film star who draws him into her fantasy world where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen , with Erich von Stroheim as Max Von Mayerling , her devoted servant . Nancy Olson , Fred Clark , Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles . Director Cecil B. DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves , and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton , H. B. Warner and Anna Q. Nilsson . Praised by many critics when first released , Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards ( including nominations in all four acting categories ) and won three . Deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the U.S. Library of Congress in 1989 , Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . In 1998 , it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century , and in 2007 , it was 16th on their 10th Anniversary list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44326c47d9124855a5e50c96161b8048",
"text": "Rock Island Trail (film) Rock Island Trail is a 1950 Trucolor Western film directed by Joseph Kane starring Forrest Tucker , Adele Mara , Lorna Gray , Bruce Cabot , Chill Wills and Barbra Fuller .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45b265f14064c0e75c18a0eb3816bfa5",
"text": "1950s American automobile culture 1950s American automobile culture has had an enduring influence on the culture of the United States , as reflected in popular music , major trends from the 1950s and mainstream acceptance of the `` hot rod '' culture . The American manufacturing economy switched from producing war-related items to consumer goods at the end of World War II , and by the end of the 1950s , one in six working Americans were employed either directly or indirectly in the automotive industry . The United States became the world 's largest manufacturer of automobiles , and Henry Ford 's goal of 30 years earlier -- that any man with a good job should be able to afford an automobile -- was achieved . A new generation of service businesses focusing on customers with their automobiles sprang up during the decade , including drive-through or drive-in restaurants and more drive-in theaters ( cinemas ) . The decade began with 25 million registered automobiles on the road , most of which predated World War II and were in poor condition ; no automobiles or parts were produced during the war owing to rationing and restrictions . By 1950 , most factories had made the transition to a consumer-based economy , and more than 8 million cars were produced that year alone . By 1958 , there were more than 67 million cars registered in the United States , more than twice the number at the start of the decade . As part of the U.S. national defenses , to support military transport , the National Highway System was expanded with Interstate highways , beginning in 1955 , across many parts of the United States . The wider , multi-lane highways allowed traffic to move at faster speeds , with few or no stoplights on the way . The wide-open spaces along the highways became a basis for numerous billboards showing advertisements . The dawning of the Space Age and Space Race were reflected in contemporary American automotive styling . Large tailfins , flowing designs reminiscent of rockets , and radio antennas that imitated Sputnik 1 were common , owing to the efforts of design pioneers such as Harley Earl .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffe7873219cca2b64952668ba064b9c5",
"text": "My Blue Heaven (1950 film) Not to be confused with the unrelated 1990 film . My Blue Heaven is a 1950 Technicolor musical drama film directed by Henry Koster and starring Betty Grable and Dan Dailey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ceb93db6ad57bbcd5bad960deed9a06",
"text": "Paris Grey Paris Grey ( born Shanna Jackson , November 5 , 1965 , Glencoe , Illinois , United States ) is an American singer , most known for her work with the Detroit-based techno-music producer Kevin Saunderson , as Inner City . The group found international crossover success in the late 1980s and early 1990s with a mixture of electronic beats , sweeping synthetic strings , and Paris 's soulful vocals on tracks such as `` Good Life , '' `` Big Fun , '' and `` Ai n't Nobody Better . '' Grey recorded three Inner City albums , a Detroit techno compilation album , and an extended remix collection of Inner City tracks . A notable project for Grey prior to joining Inner City was the Chicago House 12-inch club hit `` Do n't Make Me Jack ( Tonite I Wan na House You ) '' on Housetime Records . Originally , Grey sang gospel music .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
570ea8496412fe4a13f30de0e2774fb2 | Orson Welles was a producer. | [
{
"docid": "f38a55440a0d6d8dd56d752119e0d96e",
"text": "Orson Welles George Orson Welles ( -LSB- ˈwɛlz -RSB- May 6 , 1915 -- October 10 , 1985 ) was an American actor , director , writer , and producer who worked in theatre , radio , and film . He is remembered for his innovative work in all three : in theatre , most notably Caesar ( 1937 ) , a Broadway adaptation of William Shakespeare 's Julius Caesar ; in radio , the legendary 1938 broadcast `` The War of the Worlds '' ; and in film , Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , consistently ranked as one of the all-time greatest films . In his 20s , Welles directed a number of high-profile stage productions for the Federal Theatre Project , including an adaptation of Macbeth with an entirely African American cast , and the political musical The Cradle Will Rock . In 1937 he and John Houseman founded the Mercury Theatre , an independent repertory theatre company that presented a series of productions on Broadway through 1941 . Welles found national and international fame as the director and narrator of a 1938 radio adaptation of H. G. Wells ' novel The War of the Worlds performed for his radio anthology series The Mercury Theatre on the Air . It reportedly caused widespread panic when listeners thought that an invasion by extraterrestrial beings was actually occurring . Although some contemporary sources claim these reports of panic were mostly false and overstated , they rocketed Welles to notoriety . His first film was Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , which he co-wrote , produced , directed , and starred in as Charles Foster Kane . Welles was an outsider to the studio system and directed only 13 full-length films in his career . He struggled for creative control on his projects early on with the major film studios and later in life with a variety of independent financiers , and his films were either heavily edited or remained unreleased . His distinctive directorial style featured layered and nonlinear narrative forms , uses of lighting such as chiaroscuro , unusual camera angles , sound techniques borrowed from radio , deep focus shots , and long takes . He has been praised as `` the ultimate auteur '' . Welles followed up Citizen Kane with 12 other feature films , the most acclaimed of which include The Magnificent Ambersons ( 1942 ) , Touch of Evil ( 1958 ) , and Chimes at Midnight ( 1966 ) . Other works of his , such as The Lady from Shanghai ( 1947 ) and F for Fake ( 1973 ) , are also well-regarded . In 2002 , Welles was voted the greatest film director of all time in two British Film Institute polls among directors and critics . Known for his baritone voice , Welles was an actor in radio and film , a Shakespearean stage actor , and a magician noted for presenting troop variety shows in the war years .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "dedd9b122b9a5011710c7ce676aa226e",
"text": "Othello (1951 film) Othello ( also known as The Tragedy of Othello : The Moor of Venice ) is a 1951 drama film directed and produced by Orson Welles , who also adapted the Shakespearean play and played the title role . Recipient of the Palme d'Or at the 1952 Cannes Film Festival , the film was distributed by United Artists when it was released in the United States in 1955 . Othello was filmed on location over a three-year period in Morocco , Venice , Tuscany and Rome and at the Scalera Studios in Rome . In addition to Orson Welles , the cast consisted of Micheál MacLiammóir as Iago , Robert Coote as Roderigo , Suzanne Cloutier as Desdemona , Michael Laurence as Cassio , Fay Compton as Emilia and Doris Dowling as Bianca . Three versions of the film have seen theatrical release -- two supervised by Welles , and a 1992 restoration supervised by his daughter , Beatrice Welles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20bf131f9288feca785e52db4da61f31",
"text": "The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh The Spirit of Charles Lindbergh is a short film made in 1984 by Orson Welles . The film was intended as a private video letter from Welles to his longtime friend and accountant Bill Cronshaw , who was ill . In the film , Welles sits behind a typewriter at his desk and speaks of the human spirit , quoting the journal of aviator Charles Lindbergh . Welles was in visibly poor health himself when the film was made , and he did not intend for it to be seen by the public .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0",
"text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d2245d2a5772857365d3266673bb222",
"text": "Line producer A line producer is a type of film producer who is the key manager during daily operations of a feature film , television film , or an episode of a TV program . A line producer works on one film at a time . They are responsible for human resources and handling any problems that come up during production .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "129a58b15d022d81864f28bc2d44901c",
"text": "Howard Kazanjian Howard G. Kazanjian ( born July 26 , 1942 ) is an American film producer known for Raiders of the Lost Ark and Return of the Jedi . Kazanjian is also a former 8-year Vice President of Lucasfilm , Ltd. , and a published non-fiction author .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6af7a0282c65e446ecd4ae03f63be146",
"text": "King Lear (1953 film) King Lear is a 1953 live television adaptation of the Shakespeare play staged by Peter Brook and starring Orson Welles . Preserved on kinescope , it aired October 18 , 1953 , as part of the CBS television series Omnibus , hosted by Alistair Cooke . The cast includes Micheál Mac Liammóir and Alan Badel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3140d9711471925735d70d68bb328a75",
"text": "John Goldwyn John Howard Goldwyn ( born August 10 , 1958 ) is an American film producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081",
"text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0db43eea05d33372e5b22310fe1c375c",
"text": "George Weiss (producer) George G. Weiss ( born April 9 , 1921 ) is an American film producer who specialized in independent ` road show ' exploitation Z movies during the 1950s and sexploitation shockers in the 1960s that openly defied the motion picture production code of the day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a157ce4ff4cc117b2878270518a395eb",
"text": "Someone to Love (film) Someone to Love , directed by Henry Jaglom , is a film made in 1987 . It was Orson Welles ' final live action film appearance , released after his death but produced before his voice-over in The Transformers : The Movie . The film was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 1987 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e3ff86a0a9270ecca4cf8c8b0f6011e",
"text": "Renzo Lucidi Renzo Lucidi was an Italian film editor who worked on more than sixty films between 1940 and 1992 . He worked with Orson Welles several times , including editing Mr. Arkadin ( 1955 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a49b0d9557db815b75fa648fe6a4e326",
"text": "The Deep (unfinished film) The Deep is an unfinished film directed by Orson Welles and based on the novel Dead Calm by Charles Williams , which would later be adapted into the film of the same title . Welles produced and wrote the film , and also played the role of Russ Brewer opposite Jeanne Moreau and Laurence Harvey . Welles worked on the film from 1966 to 1969 . The film is incomplete ; several major scenes were never shot , and portions of the soundtrack remain unrecorded . The original negative has been lost and the film exists in two work prints , one in black and white and the other in color ( the way the film was intended to be shown ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30f4959e9003dfdbaa2574b51972348d",
"text": "The Battle Over Citizen Kane The Battle Over Citizen Kane is a 1996 documentary film about the clash between newspaper mogul William Randolph Hearst and actor/writer/director Orson Welles over Welles 's 1941 motion picture Citizen Kane , which is widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time . The Battle Over Citizen Kane aired January 29 , 1996 , as an episode of the Public Broadcast System 's The American Experience series . The documentary was narrated by Richard Ben Cramer , who co-wrote the program with Thomas Lennon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2840eb5e75238330f0577816c1673f7",
"text": "Mr. Arkadin Mr. Arkadin ( first released in Spain , 1955 ) , known in Britain as Confidential Report , is a French-Spanish-Swiss coproduction film , written and directed by Orson Welles and shot in several Spanish locations , including Costa Brava , Segovia , Valladolid and Madrid . Filming took place throughout Europe in 1954 , and scenes shot outside Spain include locations in London , Munich , Paris , the French Riviera , and the Château de Chillon in Switzerland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "900194fffb77767792d39fdd39c71bf9",
"text": "Alfred Hitchcock Presents Alfred Hitchcock Presents is an American television anthology series hosted and executive produced by Alfred Hitchcock , which aired on CBS and NBC between 1955 and 1965 . It featured dramas , thrillers , and mysteries . By the time it premiered on October 2 , 1955 , Hitchcock had been directing films for over three decades . Time magazine named it one of `` The 100 Best TV Shows of all time '' . The Writers Guild of America ranked it # 79 on their list of the 101 Best-Written TV Series tying it with Monty Python 's Flying Circus , Star Trek : The Next Generation and Upstairs , Downstairs . A series of literary anthologies with the running title Alfred Hitchcock Presents were issued to capitalize on the success of the television series . One volume , devoted to stories that censors would n't allow to be adapted for broadcast , was entitled Alfred Hitchcock Presents : Stories They Would n't Let Me Do on TV '' -- though eventually several of the stories collected were adapted .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
558b65c965de470d730167926ca0f475 | Taylor Swift released an album called Taylor Swift. | [
{
"docid": "4fc29abfa9ded174bce41224709c5e0d",
"text": "Taylor Swift Taylor Alison Swift ( born December 13 , 1989 ) is an American singer-songwriter . One of the most popular contemporary female recording artists , she is known for narrative songs about her personal life , which has received much media attention . Born and raised in Pennsylvania , Swift moved to Nashville , Tennessee at age 14 to pursue a career in country music . She signed with the independent label Big Machine Records and became the youngest artist ever signed by the Sony/ATV Music publishing house . Her eponymous debut album in 2006 peaked at number five on Billboard 200 and spent the most weeks on the chart in the 2000s . The album 's third single , `` Our Song '' , made her the youngest person to single-handedly write and perform a number-one song on the Hot Country Songs chart . Swift 's second album , Fearless , was released in 2008 . Buoyed by the pop crossover success of the singles `` Love Story '' and `` You Belong with Me '' , Fearless became the best-selling album of 2009 in the United States . The album won four Grammy Awards , with Swift becoming the youngest Album of the Year winner . Swift was the sole writer of her 2010 album , Speak Now . It debuted at number one in the United States and the single `` Mean '' won two Grammy Awards . Her fourth album , Red ( 2012 ) , yielded the successful singles `` We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together '' and `` I Knew You Were Trouble '' . With her fifth album , the pop-focused 1989 ( 2014 ) , she became the first act to have three albums sell a million copies within one week in the United States . Its singles `` Shake It Off '' , `` Blank Space '' , and `` Bad Blood '' reached number one in the US , Australia , and Canada . The album received three Grammy Awards , and Swift became the first woman and fifth act overall to win Album of the Year twice . The 2015 eponymous concert tour for 1989 became one of highest-grossing of the decade . As a songwriter , Swift has received awards from the Nashville Songwriters Association and the Songwriters Hall of Fame . She is also the recipient of ten Grammy Awards , five Guinness World Records , one Emmy Award , 21 Billboard Music Awards , 11 Country Music Association Awards , eight Academy of Country Music Awards , and one Brit Award . Swift is one of the best-selling artists of all time , having sold more than 40 million albums -- including 27.1 million in the US -- and 130 million single downloads . She has appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world ( 2010 and 2015 ) , Forbes top-earning women in music ( 2011 -- 2015 ) , Forbes 100 most powerful women ( 2015 ) , and Forbes Celebrity 100 ( 2016 ) . She was the youngest woman to be included in the third of these and ranked first in Celebrity 100 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "666aa01bd2c349e2cf0db3df9ca2ed4c",
"text": "Excuse My French (album) Excuse My French is the debut studio album by American rapper French Montana . It was released on May 21 , 2013 , by Coke Boys Records , Bad Boy Records , Maybach Music Group and Interscope Records . The album features guest appearances from Diddy , Nicki Minaj , Drake , Ace Hood , Lil Wayne , Birdman , The Weeknd , Rick Ross , 2 Chainz , Max B , Ne-Yo , Machine Gun Kelly , Raekwon , Scarface and Snoop Dogg , among others . The album 's production was handled by Mike Will Made It , Jahlil Beats , Reefa , Rico Love , Lex Luger and Young Chop , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d403ba95538df951631b910094752a5",
"text": "Grammy Award for Best New Artist The Grammy Award for Best New Artist has been awarded since 1959 . Years reflect the year in which the Grammy Awards were handed out , for records released in the previous year . The award was not presented in 1967 . The official guidelines are as follows : `` For a new artist who releases , during the Eligibility Year , the first recording which establishes the public identity of that artist . '' Note that this is not necessarily the first album released by an artist . It is sometimes asserted , with varying degrees of sincerity , that winning the award is a curse , as several award winners ( particularly from the late 1970s and early 1980s ) were never able to duplicate the success they experienced in their debut year . This viewpoint was expressed by former Starland Vocal Band member Taffy Danoff in a 2002 interview for VH1 's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders : `` We got two of the five Grammys -- one was Best New Artist . So that was basically the kiss of death and I feel sorry for everyone who 's gotten it since . '' The category is also notable for being the only one of its kind in which a Grammy Award was vacated . This occurred in 1990 after it was revealed winners Milli Vanilli did not contribute their own vocals on their debut album . The award was revoked , but was not handed out to another artist . Of the 54 awards presented in the category since its inception , the honor has been presented to 25 solo female artists , 18 duos or groups , and 11 solo male artists . Between 1997 and 2003 , all the winners were solo female artists . Also , from 1993 to 2005 , no winner was a solo male artist . In 2006 , John Legend broke this trend , which started with Marc Cohn in 1992 . Only four artists have won both Best New Artist and Album of the Year in the same year : Bob Newhart in 1961 , Christopher Cross in 1981 , Lauryn Hill in 1999 and Norah Jones in 2003 . Of all the winners , only three have been country artists . In 1997 , LeAnn Rimes became the first country artist to win the award . She was followed by Carrie Underwood in 2007 and Zac Brown Band in 2010 . Additionally , 2017 marked the first time that two country artists were nominated in this category in the same year . 1984 marked the first time that all of the nominees were from outside of the United States ( Winner Culture Club , Eurythmics , and Musical Youth were from England , Big Country was from Scotland , and Men Without Hats were from Canada ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9484e40d91d550426931a2e4cb8a83f",
"text": "Play On (Carrie Underwood album) Play On is the third studio album by American singer and songwriter Carrie Underwood . It was released in the United States on November 3 , 2009 , through Arista Nashville . The album debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 with first week sales of 318,000 copies , which was rated as the highest first-week sales for a female artist in 2009 upon release . It is her second album to debut at number one on the Billboard 200 , and her third to debut atop the Billboard Top Country Albums chart . As of October 2016 , the album has been certified 3x Platinum by the RIAA , Platinum by the CRIA and Gold by the ARIA . Play On has since sold over three million copies worldwide . The album spawned three consecutive Billboard Hot Country Songs number one singles -- `` Cowboy Casanova '' , `` Temporary Home '' and `` Undo It '' , all of which certified Multi-Platinum or Platinum by the RIAA . The fourth single , `` Mama 's Song '' , reached number two on the chart and received a Gold certification from the RIAA . `` Cowboy Casanova '' achieved one of the biggest single-week upwards on the Billboard Hot 100 of all time , when it climbed 96-11 in its second week . `` Temporary Home '' and `` Mama 's Song '' were both nominated for Grammy Awards , while Play On was nominated for Album of the Year at both the 2010 Academy of Country Music Awards and Country Music Association Awards , and won Favorite Country Album at the 2010 American Music Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec6fa53ed2e5e4fc8f238c1fd1c67cff",
"text": "Friday Night Lights (mixtape) Friday Night Lights is the third official mixtape from Fayetteville , North Carolina rapper J. Cole . It was released on November 12 , 2010 . The mixtape was to originally be called Villematic and contain J. Cole 's previous leaks and freestyles , however , Cole later stated it would have original material . The mixtape became the second most searched and trending topics on Google and Twitter respectively following its release . Most songs on the mixtape were slated to be on his debut album at one point or another . The mixtape has been viewed over 4,470,000 times , streamed over 1,280,000 times , and downloaded over 1,700,000 times on mixtape site DatPiff . On June 26 , 2013 Cole announced that he would be re-releasing The Warm Up and Friday Night Lights for retail sale , in order to give them the push they deserved .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ee86732b2b2d1701dd9aec3fce69b75",
"text": "Sweeter Than Fiction `` Sweeter Than Fiction '' is a song recorded by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift for the film One Chance . The song was written and produced by Swift along with Jack Antonoff , best known as the guitarist for indie pop band fun. , and was released through Big Machine Records as the lead single from the soundtrack album on October 21 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3e01a8958c9cc51f20da3c31730d257",
"text": "You're Not Sorry `` You 're Not Sorry '' is a country rock song performed by American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift . The song was solely written by Swift and produced by Nathan Chapman with Swift 's aid . It was released on October 28 , 2008 by Big Machine Records as a promotional single from Swift 's second studio album , Fearless on iTunes , though it is no longer available . A remix version for the television episode of CSI : Crime Scene Investigation in which Swift made an appearance was later released . Swift wrote `` You 're Not Sorry '' , inspired by an ex-boyfriend who was revealed to be opposite of what he appeared to be . The song is a power ballad with country and rock music influences . Contemporary critics gave `` You 're Not Sorry '' average to favorable reviews . In North America , the song achieved commercial success . It peaked at number 11 on Canadian Hot 100 . In the United States , `` You 're Not Sorry '' also peaked at number 11 on the Billboard Hot 100 and was certified platinum by the RIAA . Swift performed the song in several venues , including on her first headlining tour , the 2009 and 2010 Fearless Tour . During the tour , Swift performed a mashup of a cover version of Justin Timberlake 's `` What Goes Around ... / ... Comes Around '' and `` You 're Not Sorry '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3884beff117c63283f6d42ff3b27660",
"text": "A Communication Manual A Communication Manual '' is Swift 's first EP , released in 2003 on Tribunal Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28c03758f5f3b4ca8273c959802f6e80",
"text": "Natural Causes (Skylar Grey album) Natural Causes is the third studio album by American recording artist Skylar Grey . It is her second album since her stage name change from Holly Brook to Skylar Grey . It was released on September 23 , 2016 , by KidinaKorner and Interscope Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d5f7f5ad597036cb4bee4a1aa14adbc",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 2002 The highest-selling albums and EPs in the United States are ranked in the Billboard 200 , published by Billboard magazine . The data are compiled by Nielsen Soundscan based on each album 's weekly physical and digital sales . 25 acts achieved number one albums during this year with artist such as Nelly and Shania Twain who had their albums debut at number one on the chart . Rapper Eminem 's The Eminem Show is the best selling album of 2002 selling over approximately 7.6 million copies by the end of the year . It is also the longest running album of 2002 spending six non-consecutive weeks the chart and was known for its first full week of sales debut of 1.322 million copies which Nielsen SoundScan scanned as the sixth largest sales of all time in its first week . Its debut of 1.322 million copies has still not been matched by any album today since except for Taylor Swift 's album 1989 , which opened with first week sales of 1.279 million copies . The band Creed continued its eight week long run on the chart but is credited as the longest running album 2001 . Jennifer Lopez earned her second number one album on the charts with J to tha L-O ! : The Remixes , which became the highest first week sales of a remix album at the time . R&B artist Ashanti earned her first number one album with her self-titled debut album Ashanti , which opened up with first week sales of 503,000 copies in its first week alone . Puff Daddy earned his first number one album since No Way Out back in 1997 . Rapper Jay-Z earned his fifth chart topper with The Blueprint 2 : The Gift & The Curse , which opened up with first week sales of 545,000 copies alone . Heavy metal band Disturbed earned its first number one album on the chart with Believe , which opened up with first week sales of 284,000 copies alone . Country music singer Shania Twain 's album Up ! opened up with a huge first week sales of 857,000 copies in its first week alone , giving her the recognition of the highest first week sales of her career and second highest of the year , only behind Eminem 's The Eminem Show and at the time the fastest selling solo female album ever . Nelly 's album Nellyville opened up with his highest first week sales of his career which logged on with huge sales of 714,000 copies in its first week alone , which beat his sales of his debut album Country Grammar , which opened up with first week sales of 235,000 copies . Country singer Alan Jackson album Drive gave him his first number one album on the chart and opened up with first week sales of 211,000 copies alone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8b077993d573e2b8b609450b5ccaf31",
"text": "The Declaration The Declaration is the fourth studio album by American R&B / pop singer Ashanti . It was released on June 3 , 2008 . The album includes the single `` The Way That I Love You '' . Ashanti said during her June 2 appearance on the television program 106 & Park that she recorded fifty-two tracks for the album , of which fifteen -- including the bonus tracks `` Why '' and `` Hey Baby ( After the Club ) '' -- were used . This is her last album to be released on Irv Gotti 's label The Inc. . Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4291ec8ba8e4f0f678c6bfa845c363ff",
"text": "Epic Records Epic Records is an American record label owned by Sony Music Entertainment , a subsidiary of Sony Corporation of America , Inc. . Epic was founded predominantly as a jazz and classical music label in 1953 . It later expanded its scope to include a more diverse range of musical genres , including pop , R&B , rock and hip hop . Historically , the label has housed popular acts such as Michael Jackson , Cheap Trick , Shakira , Celine Dion , ABBA , Anastacia , Boston , Dave Clark Five , Gloria Estefan , Pearl Jam and Sly & the Family Stone . Along with Columbia and RCA Records , Epic is one of Sony Music Entertainment 's three main record labels . Artists currently signed to Epic as of 2017 include Fiona Apple , Sara Bareilles , Mariah Carey , Keyshia Cole , Future , Fifth Harmony , Jennifer Hudson , Zara Larsson , Jennifer Lopez , Outkast , Ozzy Osbourne , Judas Priest , Busta Rhymes , Rick Ross , Sade , 21 Savage , Travis Scott and Meghan Trainor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2f4d6643e02db8d7bc236cfc18d5d59",
"text": "Glorious (Foxes album) Glorious is the debut studio album by English singer and songwriter Foxes , originally due for release on 28 February 2014 , but was pushed back to 12 May 2014 , in favour of releasing the album simultaneously worldwide . The album is available in three versions ; the standard album , a deluxe version and a limited edition vinyl .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3faf001ecc7a4afe27fa77ca25afebe0",
"text": "Sparkle (Sparkle album) Sparkle is the 1998 self -- titled debut album by American singer , Sparkle . It was released on May 20 , 1998 through Interscope Records and was entirely produced by her mentor R. Kelly . The album was a success in large part to the Sparkle-R . Kelly duet `` Be Careful '' , which peaked at 3 on the Rhythmic Top 40 and 1 on the Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Airplay . The album itself peaked at 3 on the Billboard 200 and was certified platinum on December 7 , 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5258f5d681632bb99f0fb4798a22282a",
"text": "Merry Christmas II You Merry Christmas II You is the second Christmas album and thirteenth studio album by American singer and songwriter Mariah Carey . It was released by Island Records on November 2 , 2010 . Recording began in April 2010 and continued while Carey became pregnant . She was the executive producer of Merry Christmas II You and worked with various record producers , including Bryan-Michael Cox , Jermaine Dupri , Randy Jackson , James Poyser , Marc Shaiman , James `` Big Jim '' Wright and Johnny `` Sev '' Severin of RedOne . The album features Carey 's mother Patricia Carey as a guest vocalist on `` O Come All Ye Faithful '' / `` Hallelujah Chorus '' . The album is composed of original songs and covers , ballads and uptempo tracks . It incorporates R&B , soul and house music in its composition . The album received mixed reviews from music critics , who complimented its relaxed yet lively and contemporary feel , while others felt it was predictable and too overproduced in places . It debuted at number four on the United States Billboard 200 album chart , and reached number one on both the Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums and Holiday Albums chart . It was later certified gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipments exceeding 500,000 copies . Elsewhere , however , the album failed to make an impact , reaching the top thirty in Australia and Hungary , and the top fifty in Austria and Italy . It missed out on the top one-hundred in the United Kingdom by one position , peaking at one-hundred and one on the albums chart . The album produced four singles , including the US Adult Contemporary record-breaking song `` Oh Santa ! '' . It reached number-one in its second week , the quickest ascent in the history of the chart and the only song to do so . Other singles included `` Auld Lang Syne ( The New Year 's Anthem ) '' , a single release version of `` When Christmas Comes '' in 2011 with John Legend and `` Christmas Time Is in the Air Again '' in 2012 . To support the album , Carey made promotional appearances on The Ellen DeGeneres Show and Lopez Tonight , and hosted her own television special called Mariah Carey : Merry Christmas to You .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08efd87def549f1aac3d4a3bef8179",
"text": "Strength of a Woman (album) Strength of a Woman is the thirteenth studio album by American singer Mary J. Blige . It was released on April 28 , 2017 by Capitol Records . The album features guest appearances by Kanye West , Quavo , DJ Khaled , Missy Elliott , Prince Charlez , and Kaytranada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47879fb3fd589cb30aab88bf53e1efc6",
"text": "List of top 25 albums for 2015 in Australia The following lists the top 25 albums of 2015 in Australia from the Australian Recording Industry Association ( ARIA ) end-of-year albums chart . Adele 's album 25 was named the highest selling album in Australia in 2015 . The album was released in November and spent six weeks at number one . Ed Sheeran 's album x was number 1 and Taylor Swift 's 1989 was number 2 in 2014 ; they 're both one spot lower in 2015 . Sam Smith 's In the Lonely Hour is the sixth-best-selling album for the second year in a row and Michael Bublé 's Christmas appeared in the top 10 end-of-year chart for the fifth consecutive year . There were 35 Australian artist releases in the top 100 , with Lee Kernaghan 's Spirit of the Anzacs being the best selling Australian album in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a190c826abeac240a392a1fe0b864c64",
"text": "VII (Teyana Taylor album) VII is the debut studio album by American recording artist Teyana Taylor . The album was released on November 4 , 2014 , by Def Jam Recordings and GOOD Music . Leading up to the album 's release , Teyana released the mixtape The Misunderstanding of Teyana Taylor ( 2012 ) , along with collaborating on the GOOD Music compilation album Cruel Summer ( 2012 ) . The album features guest appearances from Chris Brown , Fabolous , Pusha T and Yo Gotti . The album was executively produced by Che Pope & Teyana Taylor . Recording took place at Jungle City Studios in New York & KMA Studios , NYC , as well as The Kennedy Compound in North Hollywood , California & Labren Studio in Inglewood , CA . VII was promoted by the release of three official singles : `` Maybe '' featuring Yo Gotti and Pusha T , `` Business '' and `` Do Not Disturb '' featuring Chris Brown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54f4c66110ae7ed72dac5944d1436228",
"text": "Relapse (Eminem album) Relapse is the sixth studio album by American rapper Eminem . The album was released on May 19 , 2009 , under Aftermath Entertainment , Shady Records , and Interscope Records . It was his first album of original material since Encore ( 2004 ) , following a four-year hiatus from recording due to his writer 's block and an addiction to prescription sleeping medication . Recording sessions for the album took place during 2005 to 2009 at several recording studios , and Dr. Dre , Mark Batson , and Eminem handled production . Conceptually , Relapse concerns the ending of his drug rehabilitation , rapping after a non-fictional relapse , and the return of his Slim Shady alter-ego . One of the most anticipated album releases of 2009 , Relapse debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 chart , selling 608,000 copies in its first week . It produced three singles that attained chart success and has been certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America . The album received mixed reviews from most music critics , who were divided in their responses towards Eminem 's lyrics . It has sold more than 2.3 million copies in the United States and more than 17 million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "292a46e26b4e220f13838547993a223d",
"text": "Google Me (song) `` Google Me '' is the first single from American recording artist Teyana Taylor 's debut mixtape , From a Planet Called Harlem . The track peaked at number 90 on the Billboard Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs chart . The title of the single refers to the Google search engine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5dd26717a6a403cb827f5ec4e1986cd",
"text": "Country Grammar Country Grammar is the debut studio album by American rapper Nelly . It was released on June 27 , 2000 , by Universal Records ( who released the album after listening to demos by Nelly , before signing a record deal with the rapper in 1999 ) . The production on the album was handled by Jason `` Jay E '' Epperson , with additional production by C-Love , Kevin Law , City Spud , Steve `` Blast '' Wills and Basement Beats . Nelly contributed to all lyrics on the album , with Epperson and City Spud also contributing . The album introduced a unique Saint Louis , Midwestern sound , and introduces Nelly 's vocal style of pop-rap singalongs and Midwestern , Missouri twang . It was supported four successful singles : `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , `` E.I. '' , `` Ride wit Me '' and `` Batter Up '' . Its lead single , `` Country Grammar ( Hot Shit ) '' , peaked at number 7 on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Singles Chart . `` E.I. '' charted at number 16 , number 12 and number 11 on the Hot 100 , UK Singles Chart and ARIA Singles Chart , respectively . `` Ride wit Me '' peaked within the top five on the Hot 100 , ARIA Singles Chart , Irish Singles Chart and UK Singles Chart . The album 's fourth and final single , `` Batter Up '' featuring Murphy Lee and Ali , achieved moderate chart success . Country Grammar received positive reviews , with critics praising Nelly 's vocal style and the album 's production . It topped the US Billboard 200 chart for five consecutive weeks , and the US Top R&B / Hip-Hop Albums chart for six consecutive weeks . It peaked in the top five on the New Zealand Albums Chart and Australian Albums Chart , as well as the top ten on the Canadian Albums Chart and Dutch Albums Chart . The album was certified three times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand ( RIANZ ) and Music Canada ( MC ) , denoting shipments of 45,000 and 300,000 copies , respectively . In 2016 , Country Grammar became the ninth hip hop album to be certified Diamond by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) , denoting shipment of 10 million copies in the US . Its commercial success secured Nelly 's status as one of the most successful hip hop acts of the 2000s decade . On Billboard decade-end chart , Nelly ranked as the third most successful act of the 2000s decade , due largely to the success of Country Grammar and his follow-up album Nellyville ( 2002 ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
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