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a3469b71758bea98c38bec6b875a799b | True Detective's second season was set in the most populous state of the United States. | [
{
"docid": "9b18db54a68585849ac1615a61f44458",
"text": "True Detective True Detective is an American anthology crime drama television series created and written by Nic Pizzolatto . The series , broadcast by the premium cable network HBO in the United States , premiered on January 12 , 2014 . Each season of the series is structured as a disparate , self-contained narrative , employing new cast ensembles and following various sets of characters and settings . The first season , starring Matthew McConaughey , Woody Harrelson , Michelle Monaghan , Michael Potts , and Tory Kittles , takes place in Louisiana and follows a pair of Louisiana State Police homicide detectives , and their pursuit of a serial killer over a 17-year period . The second season , starring Colin Farrell , Rachel McAdams , Taylor Kitsch , Kelly Reilly , and Vince Vaughn , is set in California , and focuses on three detectives from three cooperating police departments and a criminal-turned-businessman as they investigate a series of crimes they believe are linked to the murder of a corrupt politician . The first season received generally excellent reviews from critics and earned high ratings for HBO . It was nominated for and won numerous awards and other accolades , chiefly for its acting , cinematography , writing , and direction . Reception to the second season was more divided , though the show maintained high viewership for HBO . In July 2016 , HBO head of programming Casey Bloys confirmed plans for a potential third season , stating , `` It is not dead . I talked to Nic about it and both Nic and HBO are open to another season . I do n't think Nic has a take and he 's working on some other projects . We 're open to somebody else writing it and Nic supervising it . It 's a valuable franchise , it 's not dead , we just do n't have a take for a third season yet . '' This came shortly after McConaughey said he would hypothetically be interested in reprising his role as Rust Cohle in a third season . In March 2017 , it was revealed that Pizzolatto has written the first two episodes of a potential third season and that David Milch joined the creative team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f80dde670fb64e65a6dfda24fa68f778",
"text": "California California ( -LSB- kælᵻˈfɔːrnjə , _ - ni.ə -RSB- , ) is the most populous state in the United States and the third most extensive by area . Located on the western ( Pacific Ocean ) coast of the U.S. , California is bordered by the other U.S. states of Oregon , Nevada , and Arizona and shares an international border with the Mexican state of Baja California . The state capital is Sacramento . Los Angeles is California 's most populous city , and the country 's second largest after New York City . The Greater Los Angeles Area and the San Francisco Bay Area are the nation 's second - and fifth-most populous urban regions , respectively . California also has the nation 's most populous county , Los Angeles County , and its largest county by area , San Bernardino County . California 's diverse geography ranges from the Pacific Coast in the west to the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the east ; and from the redwood -- Douglas fir forests in the northwest to the Mojave Desert in the southeast . The Central Valley , a major agricultural area , dominates the state 's center . Though California is well-known for its warm Mediterranean climate , the large size of the state means it can vary from moist temperate rainforest in the north , to arid desert in the interior , as well as snowy alpine in the mountains . What is now California was first settled by various Native American tribes before being explored by a number of European expeditions during the 16th and 17th centuries . The Spanish Empire then claimed it as part of Alta California in their New Spain colony . The area became a part of Mexico in 1821 following its successful war for independence , but was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican -- American War . The western portion of Alta California then was organized as the State of California , and admitted as the 31st state on September 9 , 1850 . The California Gold Rush starting in 1848 led to dramatic social and demographic changes , with large-scale emigration from the east and abroad with an accompanying economic boom . If it were a country , California would be the 6th largest economy in the world and the 35th most populous . It is also regarded as a global trendsetter in both popular culture and politics , and is the origin of the film industry , the hippie counterculture , the Internet , and the personal computer , among others . Fifty-eight percent of the state 's economy is centered on finance , government , real estate services , technology , and professional , scientific and technical business services . The San Francisco Bay Area has the nation 's highest median household income by metropolitan area , and is the headquarters of three of the world 's largest 40 firms by revenue , Chevron , Apple , and McKesson . Although it accounts for only 1.5 percent of the state 's economy , California 's agriculture industry has the highest output of any U.S. state .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a2f8355a4ee99b5ee3e6e25bc97f28d7",
"text": "Central Alabama Central Alabama is the region in the state of Alabama that stretches 170 miles ( 270 km ) from its western border with Mississippi to the eastern border with Georgia and 136 miles ( 219 km ) from the northern border of Cullman County to the Alabama River in southern Autauga County . The region 's population was 1,870,970 as of 2008 . The Birmingham television market reaches approximately the same area . The Valley and Ridge Province of the Appalachians consist mainly of long , low ridges such as Red Mountain , Sand Mountain , Beaver Creek Mountain , Shades Mountain , and Coldwater Mountain in this region , and make impressive backdrops in the Greater Birmingham , Gadsden , and Anniston metropolitan areas . The easternmost part of Central Alabama around Anniston has the steepest mountains and highest elevations of the region . Coldwater Mountain and Mount Cheaha make up the highest of the mountain ridges that are located in the eastern portion of the region . The Coosa River divides the easternmost portion of the region from the central portion with the Birmingham area . The westernmost portion of Central Alabama is relatively a flat region with fertile black soil called the Black Belt . The Black Warrior River and its tributaries contribute to the fertile land of the area , and also serve as a demarcation line between the western and the central portions of the region . The central portion of Central Alabama varies from rugged in the east to flat in the west . Numerous valleys are scattered throughout this region between the mountain ridges including the densely populated Jones Valley and Shades Valley . Because the central portion is more rugged compared to the westernmost portion of Central Alabama , it is also the most flood-prone . Urban sprawl has exacerbated the risk of flooding by increasing the proportion of land covered by hard surfaces , leading to greater runoff during storms . The Black Warrior , Cahaba , and Coosa Rivers and their tributaries are among the many waterways that wind their way through the region . Other major waterways that run through the area include Choccolocco Creek , Shades Creek , and the Little Cahaba River . Large deposits of iron ore , limestone , and coal are chief among the plentiful mineral resources found in the region . The coincidence of these three in close proximity was a major incentive for the rapid development of industry in the Birmingham District after the American Civil War .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6de77a9d29c059b40926f581d8dd7670",
"text": "Mobile County, Alabama Mobile County is the second most-populous county in the U.S. state of Alabama . As of the 2010 census , its population was 412,992 . Its county seat is Mobile . The county is named in honor of the indigenous Maubila tribe . Mobile County comprises the Mobile , Alabama Metropolitan Statistical Area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "900ae894ee3e832df2399de4049c63c6",
"text": "Crime in Washington, D.C. Crime in Washington , D.C. , is directly related to the city 's changing demographics , geography , and unique criminal justice system . The District 's population reached a peak of 982,178 in 1950 . However , shortly thereafter , the city began losing residents and by 1980 Washington had lost one-quarter of its population . The population loss to the suburbs also created a new demographic pattern , which divided affluent neighborhoods west of Rock Creek Park from more crime-ridden and blighted areas to the east . Despite being the headquarters of multiple federal law enforcement agencies , such as the Federal Bureau of Investigation ( FBI ) and United States Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) , the nationwide crack epidemic of the 1980s and 1990s greatly affected the city and led to large increases in crime . The number of homicides in Washington peaked in 1991 at 897 ( a rate of nearly 60.8 homicides per 100,000 residents ) , and the city eventually became known as the `` murder capital '' of the United States . The crime rate started to fall in the mid-1990s as the crack cocaine epidemic gave way to economic revitalization projects . Gentrification efforts have also started to transform the demographics of distressed neighborhoods , recently leading to the first rise in the District 's population in 60 years . By the mid-2000s , crime rates in Washington dropped to their lowest levels in over 20 years . As in many major cities , crime remains a significant factor in D.C. , especially in the city 's northwestern neighborhoods , which tend to be more affluent , draw more tourists , and have more vibrant nightlife . Violent crime also remains a problem in Ward 8 , which has the city 's highest concentration of poverty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a40fe3c66b028050026295869980039b",
"text": "Arizona census statistical areas The statistical areas of the United States of America comprise the metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) , the micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) , and the combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) currently defined by the United States Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) . Most recently on December 1 , 2009 , the Office of Management and Budget defined 1067 statistical areas for the United States , including six metropolitan statistical areas and four micropolitan statistical areas in the State of Arizona . The table below shows the recent population of these statistical areas and the 15 counties of Arizona . thumb | right | 468px | An enlargeable map of the 15 counties of the State of Arizona __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e917f73e08a76fb574c1b45b15d06b1c",
"text": "List of cities in Nevada Nevada is a state located in the Western United States . According to the 2010 United States Census , Nevada is the 36th most populous state with inhabitants but the 7th largest by land area spanning 109781.18 sqmi of land . Nevada is divided into 17 counties and contains 19 incorporated municipalities . Nevada 's incorporated municipalities cover only of the state 's land mass but are home to of its population . Incorporated places in the state are legally described as cities , except for Carson City , which has no legal description . To incorporate , a petition for incorporation can be made to the board of county commissioners , who consider numerous geographic , demographic , and economic factors . Cities are categorized by population for the purpose of determining the number of wards and council election structure as well as the number of city clerks : cities with 50,000 or more inhabitants are population category one , cities with 5,000 or more but less than 50,000 inhabitants are population category two , and cities having less than 5,000 inhabitants are population category three . The largest municipality by population in Nevada is Las Vegas with 583,756 residents , and the smallest municipality by population is Caliente with 1,130 residents . The largest municipality by land area is Boulder City which spans 208.52 mi2 , while Lovelock is the smallest at 0.85 mi2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b69e05f3f5bcf7223f8770b9469f1c53",
"text": "Pomona, California Pomona is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . Pomona is located in the Pomona Valley , between the Inland Empire and the San Gabriel Valley . As of the 2010 United States Census , the city 's population was 149,058 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91cd96b470cd0b7bfdb5f4e32d6df391",
"text": "Geography of Oklahoma The Geography of Oklahoma encompasses terrain and ecosystems ranging from arid plains to subtropical forests and mountains . Oklahoma contains 10 distinct ecological regions , more per square mile than in any other state by a wide margin . One of six states on the Frontier Strip , it is situated in the Great Plains and U.S. Interior Highlands region near the geographical center of the 48 contiguous states . Usually considered part of the South Central United States , Oklahoma is bounded on the east by Arkansas and Missouri , on the north by Kansas , on the northwest by Colorado , on the far west by New Mexico , and on the south and near-west by Texas . The state has four primary mountain ranges : the Arbuckle Mountains , the Wichita Mountains , the Ozark Mountains and the Ouachita Mountains . Part of the U.S. Interior Highlands region , the Ozarks and Ouachitas form the only major highland region between the Rocky Mountains and the Appalachians . A portion of the Flint Hills stretches into north-central Oklahoma , and in the state 's southeastern corner , Cavanal Hill is officially regarded as the world 's tallest hill ; at 1,999 feet ( 609 m ) , it fails the definition of a mountain by one foot . More than 500 named creeks and rivers make up Oklahoma 's waterways , and with 200 lakes created by dams , it holds the highest number of reservoirs in the nation . Oklahoma covers an area of 69,898 sqmi , with 68,667 sqmi of land and 1,231 sqmi of water , making it the 20th-largest state in the United States . Generally , it is divided into seven geographical regions : Green Country , or Northeast Oklahoma , Southeastern Oklahoma , Central Oklahoma , South Central Oklahoma , Southwest Oklahoma , Northwest Oklahoma , and the Oklahoma Panhandle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8cb5ff32bd7c4c14c0ed46b474f9b1c5",
"text": "Butte County, California Butte County is a county in the U.S. state of California . As of the 2010 census , the population was 220,000 . The county seat is Oroville . Butte County comprises the Chico , CA Metropolitan Statistical Area . It is in the California Central Valley , north of the state capital of Sacramento . Butte County is known as the `` Land of Natural Wealth and Beauty . '' Butte County is watered by the Feather River and the Sacramento River . Butte Creek and Big Chico Creek are additional perennial streams , both tributary to the Sacramento . The county is the home of California State University , Chico and of Butte College . There are four major hospitals and the State of California defines Butte County as being inside Health Service Area 1 . A special district , the Butte County Air Quality Management District , regulates airborne pollutant emissions in the county . It does this following regional regulations , state , and federal laws . For example , in recent years , the agency changed rules that once allowed residents to burn household trash outdoors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26357a9bf7d600e4a8dee0f14eedb2a1",
"text": "Real Time Crime Center The Real Time Crime Center ( RTCC ) is a centralized technology center for the New York ( NYPD ) , Miami-Dade Police Department , Seattle Police Department , Metropolitan Police Department , City of St. Louis and Houston Police Departments . Its purpose is to give field officers and detectives instant information to help identify patterns and stop emerging crime . The NYPD RTCC opened on July 18 , 2005 and provides support 24/7 . The center was built at a cost of $ 11 million . The information in the center is available to the 37,000 police officers of the New York City Police Department . The RTCC was funded in part by grants from the non-profit New York City Police Foundation . RTCC data sources include a data warehouse in which billions of records are made available to detectives and other officers within minutes , instead of days or weeks . These include : More than 5 million New York State criminal records , parole and probation files , More than 20 million New York City criminal complaints , arrests , 911/311 calls and summonses spanning five years , More than 31 million national crime records , More than 33 billion public records . The Crime Center employs satellite imaging and mapping of New York City ( using Geographic Information System software ) precinct-by-precinct . The link analysis capacity of the RTCC can track suspects to their known addresses and point detectives to the locations where they are most likely to flee . The Real Time Crime Center was built with the oversight of integrated solution provider Dimension Data .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20396f133f30893dc3be171902825115",
"text": "Demographics of Alaska As of 2005 , Alaska has an estimated population of 663,661 , which is an increase of 5,906 , or 0.9 % , from the prior year and an increase of 36,730 , or 5.9 % , since the year 2000 . This includes a natural increase since the last census of 36,590 people ( 53,132 births minus 16,542 deaths ) , and an increase due to net migration of 1,181 people into the state . Immigration from outside the United States resulted in a net increase of 5,800 people , and migration within the country produced a net loss of 4,619 people . More than half of the state 's population lives in Anchorage , Juneau and Fairbanks , with two-fifths in Anchorage alone . As of 1 January 2012 Alaska had a population of 731,449 , and its 2017 population is estimated at 739,818 . With a population of 710,231 , according to the 2010 U.S. census , Alaska is the 48th most populous and least densely populated state . For purposes of the federal census , the state is divided into artificial divisions defined geographically by the United States Census Bureau for statistical purposes only . The center of population of Alaska is located approximately 64.37 km east of Anchorage at 61.399882 N. latitude , -148.873973 W. longitude . In 2006 , Alaska had a larger percentage of tobacco smokers than the national average , with 24 % of Alaskan adults smoking .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03a4a032f3f165faada86a398d7a819f",
"text": "Demographics of Texas Texas is the second most populous U.S. state , with an estimated 2017 population of 28.449 million . In recent decades , it has experienced strong population growth . Texas has many major cities and metropolitan areas , along with many towns and rural areas . Much of the population is in the major cities of Houston , San Antonio , Dallas , Fort Worth , Austin , and El Paso .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a298383fbbafbb83ca643f87caadf8ab",
"text": "Arizona Sun Corridor The Arizona Sun Corridor , shortened Sun Corridor , is a megaregion , or megapolitan area , in the southern area of the U.S. state of Arizona . The Sun Corridor is equivalent to Indiana in both size and population . It is one of the fastest growing conurbations in the country and is speculated to double its population by 2040 . The largest metropolitan areas are the Phoenix metropolitan area - Valley of the Sun - and the Tucson metropolitan area . The regions ' populace is nestled in the valley of a desert environment . Similar to Southern California , the urban area extends into Mexico , reaching the communities of Nogales and Agua Prieta . Its population is composed of a total of five metropolitan areas : Phoenix , Tucson , Prescott , Sierra Vista-Douglas and Nogales . Out of these , two are metropolitan areas with over 1,000,000 residents : the Phoenix metropolitan area with 4,192,887 residents and the Tucson metropolitan area with 1,020,200 residents . The Arizona Sun Corridor is made up of all of Maricopa , Pinal and Pima counties , along with parts of Yavapai , Santa Cruz and Cochise counties . It is home to over 86 percent of Arizona 's population . The Megaregion has an area a population that is about the same as the state of Indiana ( About 5.6 million people ) , and it is expected to grow to nearly 7.8 million by 2025 . By 2050 , it is projected to grow to more than twice its original size ( 12.3 million , about 118 % growth and 6.66 million additional people ) . It comprises about 2 % of the population of the entire United States , and it makes up about the same proportion of the total GDP , with an output of $ 191,036,000,000 in 2005 . Most of the Arizona Sun Corridor is in the Sonoran Desert ; to the south of the region is the border between the United States and Mexico , and to the east is the Arizona transition zone and the Mountains of Arizona . The Southern California Megaregion is to west and is the nearest other Megaregion to the Arizona Sun Corridor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6a5ce8821edef182fcd490e00816c5a",
"text": "Alameda County, California Alameda County ( -LSB- ˌælə ` mi :d ə -RSB- ) is a county in the state of California in the United States . As of the 2010 census , the population was 1,510,271 , making it the 7th-most populous county in the state . Its county seat is Oakland . Alameda County is included in the San Francisco Bay Area , occupying much of the East Bay region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a91795a409b2d2f8ffa2c6dc33ab4bc",
"text": "Demographics of San Diego County Half of the population of San Diego County lives in San Diego and Chula Vista . Despite having a per capita income that ranks between the Los Angeles metropolitan area and the San Francisco Bay Area , San Diego County has relatively few places with a both a high population and levels of income significantly higher than its state and the United States . The San Diego metropolitan area only has two places with a both a population of over 50,000 per capita income of over $ 40,000 : Carlsbad and Encinitas . In contrast , the Los Angeles metropolitan area has 10 and the San Francisco Bay Area has 12 . ( See California locations by income . ) Even when controlling for population , the San Diego metropolitan area has unusually few large areas with high per capita incomes compared to the state 's other two major metropolitan areas . This is because much of the county 's high-income residents are concentrated in the northern part of the city of San Diego , which is reported as one unit for most demographic purposes . The county 's largest continuous high-income urban area has the appearance of a triangle constructed from a first point on the northern edge of Carlsbad , a second point southeast of Escondido , and a third point on the southern edge of La Jolla . The region is pictured to the right . It contains all or most of the cities of Carlsbad , Encinitas , Solana Beach , Del Mar , and Poway in addition to a substantial portion of northern San Diego .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f97f484b6093650edf0f2f8b03a14bc7",
"text": "Statistical area (United States) The United States federal government defines and delineates the nation 's metropolitan areas for statistical purposes , using a set of standard statistical area definitions . As of 2013 , the U.S. Office of Management and Budget ( OMB ) defined and delineated 388 metropolitan statistical areas ( MSAs ) and 541 micropolitan statistical areas ( μSAs ) in the United States and Puerto Rico . Many of these 929 MSAs and μSAs are , in turn , components of larger combined statistical areas ( CSAs ) consisting of adjacent MSAs and μSAs that are linked by commuting ties ; as of 2013 , 524 metropolitan and micropolitan areas are components of the 169 defined CSAs . Metropolitan and micropolitan statistical areas are defined as consisting of one or more adjacent counties or county equivalents with at least one urban core area meeting relevant population thresholds , plus adjacent territory that has a high degree of social and economic integration with the core , as measured by commuting ties . A metropolitan statistical area has at least one urban core with a population of at least 50,000 . In a micropolitan statistical area , the largest urban core has a population of at least 10,000 but less than 50,000 . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10ebf0cf556a7bad1e7e043d8a09d0fa",
"text": "Hays County, Texas Hays County is a county located on the Edwards Plateau in the U.S. state of Texas . As of the 2010 census , its official population had reached 157,107 . The county seat is San Marcos . The county is named for John Coffee Hays , a Texas Ranger and Mexican -- American War officer . Hays County is part of the Austin-Round Rock , TX Metropolitan Statistical Area . Hays , along with Comal and Kendall counties , was listed in 2017 of the nation 's ten fastest-growing large counties with a population of at least ten thousand . From 2015 to 2016 , Hays County , third on the national list , had nearly ten thousand new residents during the year . Comal County , sixth on the list , grew by 5,675 newcomers , or 4.4 percent . Kendall County , the second-fastest-growing county in the nation , grew by 5.16 percent . As a result of this growth , the counties have experienced new home construction , traffic congestion , and greater demand for public services . Bexar County . which includes San Antonio , grew by 1.75 percent during the year , but its sheer number of new residents exceeded 33,000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13eabe786119f71e541842507de7c432",
"text": "Consolidated city-county In United States local government , a consolidated city-county is a city and county that have been merged into one unified jurisdiction . As such it is simultaneously a city , which is a municipal corporation , and a county , which is an administrative division of a state . It has the powers and responsibilities of both types of entities . A consolidated city-county is different from an independent city , although the latter may result from consolidation of a city and a county and may also have the same powers as a consolidated city-county . An independent city is a city not deemed by its state to be located within the boundary of any county and recognized by its state as a legal territorial entity separate from surrounding or adjoining counties . A consolidated city-county differs from an independent city in that the city and county both nominally exist , although they have a consolidated government , whereas in an independent city , the county does not even nominally exist . Not considering Hawaii , which has no independent cities , the Midwest and Upper South have the highest concentration of large consolidated city-county governments in the United States , including Indianapolis , Indiana ; Nashville , Tennessee ; Jacksonville , Florida ; Louisville , Kentucky ; Kansas City , Kansas ; and Lexington , Kentucky . Currently , the largest consolidated city-county in the United States by population is Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , while the largest by land-area is Sitka , Alaska .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45e999454fef9bfacacf5fd3cc880c1c",
"text": "Luzerne County, Pennsylvania Luzerne County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania . According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 906 sqmi , of which 890 sqmi is land and 16 sqmi is water . It is Northeastern Pennsylvania 's second-largest county by total area . As of the 2010 census , the population was 320,918 , making it the most populous county in the northeastern part of the state . The county seat and largest city is Wilkes-Barre . Other populous communities include Hazleton , Kingston , Nanticoke , and Pittston . Luzerne County is included in the Scranton -- Wilkes-Barre -- Hazleton Metropolitan Statistical Area , which has a total population of 558,166 ( as of 2015 ) . On September 25 , 1786 , Luzerne County was formed from part of Northumberland County . It was named after Chevalier de la Luzerne , a French soldier and diplomat during the 18th century . When it was founded , Luzerne County occupied a large portion of Northeastern Pennsylvania . From 1810 to 1878 , it was divided into several smaller counties . The counties of Bradford , Lackawanna , Susquehanna , and Wyoming were all formed from parts of Luzerne County . The county gained prominence in the 19th and 20th centuries as an active anthracite coal mining region , drawing a large portion of its labor force from European immigrants . At its peak ( in 1930 ) , the county 's population was 445,109 . By the early 21st century , many factories and coal mines were closed . Like most counties in the Rust Belt , Luzerne witnessed population loss and urban decay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3435b76a83277a7d6f10a26e780206ed",
"text": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager (season 2) The second season of The Secret Life of the American Teenager , an American television series created by Brenda Hampton , debuted on the ABC Family television network on Monday , June 22 , 2009 at 8:00 PM . Season two regular cast members include Shailene Woodley , India Eisley , Daren Kagasoff , Francia Raisa , Kenny Baumann , Molly Ringwald , Mark Derwin , Megan Park , and Greg Finley II . Following the first season , Jorge Pallo and Luke Zimmerman were demoted to recurring guest stars . Jorge returned for a select number of episodes to wrap up his character 's storyline and eventually departed the series after its January return . Following the success of its first season , ABC Family announced on January 31 , 2009 , plans to renew Secret Life , following the cancellation of its hit sci-fi TV show , Kyle XY . The official press release was released on February 9 with ABC Family ordering 24 episodes for season two . Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22 , 2009 . Though marketed as the season finale , the mid season finale aired on September 7 , 2009 , with the second half of the season returning on January 4 , 2010 . The second 12 episodes finished their run on March 22 , 2010 . The season premiere of Secret Life brought in the largest audience for the show so far , with a record breaking 4.68 million viewers . It brought in the second largest audience in adults 18-34 with 1.40 million viewers , behind season one 's mid-season finale . 2.10 million adults 18-49 watched `` The Big One '' along with 1.60 million females between the ages 18 -- 34 . The season premiere remains the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 in Adults 18-34 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 with more than three million viewers watching . The mid-season premiere also brought in the show 's second largest audience in total viewers , with more than 4.55 million people watching . This season , Amy Juergens must deal with juggling motherhood and high school , while her family and friends experience relationship challenges of their own .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a74dd89c0bb123b52575b54d113db0a6",
"text": "Rosedale, California Rosedale is a Census-designated place ( CDP ) in Kern County , California , United States . The population was 14,058 at the 2010 census , up from 8,445 at the 2000 census . Formerly a country town 10 mi west of Bakersfield , it is now surrounded by suburban housing and now has the highest household income in Kern County , according to Census estimates .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c1707d4303c595fe4f201619d22abe1b | Abraham Lincoln promoted rapid modernization. | [
{
"docid": "88b52a28b609b249dc3dc42d1d3b6fde",
"text": "Abraham Lincoln Abraham Lincoln ( -LSB- ˈeɪbrəhæm_ˈlIŋkən -RSB- February 12 , 1809 -- April 15 , 1865 ) was an American politician and lawyer who served as the 16th President of the United States from March 1861 until his assassination in April 1865 . Lincoln led the United States through its Civil War -- its bloodiest war and perhaps its greatest moral , constitutional , and political crisis . In doing so , he preserved the Union , paved the way to the abolition of slavery , strengthened the federal government , and modernized the economy . Born in Hodgenville , Kentucky , Lincoln grew up on the western frontier in Kentucky and Indiana . Largely self-educated , he became a lawyer in Illinois , a Whig Party leader , and was elected to the Illinois House of Representatives , in which he served for eight years . Elected to the United States House of Representatives in 1846 , Lincoln promoted rapid modernization of the economy through banks , tariffs , and railroads . Because he had originally agreed not to run for a second term in Congress , and because his opposition to the Mexican -- American War was unpopular among Illinois voters , Lincoln returned to Springfield and resumed his successful law practice . Reentering politics in 1854 , he became a leader in building the new Republican Party , which had a statewide majority in Illinois . In 1858 , while taking part in a series of highly publicized debates with his opponent and rival , Democrat Stephen A. Douglas , Lincoln spoke out against the expansion of slavery , but lost the U.S. Senate race to Douglas . In 1860 , Lincoln secured the Republican Party presidential nomination as a moderate from a swing state . Though he gained very little support in the slaveholding states of the South , he swept the North and was elected president in 1860 . Lincoln 's victory prompted seven southern slave states to form the Confederate States of America before he moved into the White House -- no compromise or reconciliation was found regarding slavery and secession . Subsequently , on April 12 , 1861 , a Confederate attack on Fort Sumter inspired the North to enthusiastically rally behind the Union . As the leader of the moderate faction of the Republican Party , Lincoln confronted Radical Republicans , who demanded harsher treatment of the South , War Democrats , who called for more compromise , anti-war Democrats ( called Copperheads ) , who despised him , and irreconcilable secessionists , who plotted his assassination . Politically , Lincoln fought back by pitting his opponents against each other , by carefully planned political patronage , and by appealing to the American people with his powers of oratory . His Gettysburg Address became an iconic endorsement of the principles of nationalism , republicanism , equal rights , liberty , and democracy . Lincoln initially concentrated on the military and political dimensions of the war . His primary goal was to reunite the nation . He suspended habeas corpus , leading to the controversial ex parte Merryman decision , and he averted potential British intervention in the war by defusing the Trent Affair in late 1861 . Lincoln closely supervised the war effort , especially the selection of top generals , including his most successful general , Ulysses S. Grant . He also made major decisions on Union war strategy , including a naval blockade that shut down the South 's normal trade , moves to take control of Kentucky and Tennessee , and using gunboats to gain control of the southern river system . Lincoln tried repeatedly to capture the Confederate capital at Richmond ; each time a general failed , Lincoln substituted another , until finally Grant succeeded . As the war progressed , his complex moves toward ending slavery included the Emancipation Proclamation of 1863 ; Lincoln used the U.S. Army to protect escaped slaves , encouraged the border states to outlaw slavery , and pushed through Congress the Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution , which permanently outlawed slavery . An exceptionally astute politician deeply involved with power issues in each state , Lincoln reached out to the War Democrats and managed his own re-election campaign in the 1864 presidential election . Anticipating the war 's conclusion , Lincoln pushed a moderate view of Reconstruction , seeking to reunite the nation speedily through a policy of generous reconciliation in the face of lingering and bitter divisiveness . On April 14 , 1865 , five days after the surrender of Confederate commanding general Robert E. Lee , Lincoln was assassinated by John Wilkes Booth , a Confederate sympathizer . Lincoln has been consistently ranked both by scholars and the public as among the greatest U.S. presidents .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "129e9cf5d678fe17d3d655e57e026899",
"text": "Presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt The presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt began on March 4 , 1933 , when he was inaugurated as the 32nd President of the United States , and ended upon his death on April 12 , 1945 , a span of ( 4422 days ) . Roosevelt assumed the presidency in the midst of the Great Depression . Starting with his landslide victory over Republican President Herbert Hoover in the 1932 election . He won a record four presidential terms , and became a central figure in world affairs during World War II . His program for relief , recovery and reform , known as the New Deal , involved a great expansion of the role of the federal government in the economy . Under his steady leadership , the Democratic Party built a `` New Deal Coalition '' of labor unions , big city machines , white ethnics , African Americans , and rural white Southerners , that would significantly realign American politics for the next several decades in the Fifth Party System and also define modern American liberalism . During his first hundred days in office , Roosevelt spearheaded unprecedented major legislation and issued a profusion of executive orders that instituted the New Deal -- a variety of programs designed to produce relief ( government jobs for the unemployed ) , recovery ( economic growth ) , and reform ( through regulation of Wall Street , banks and transportation ) . He created numerous programs to support the unemployed and farmers , and to encourage labor union growth while more closely regulating business and high finance . The repeal of Prohibition in 1933 added to his popularity , helping him win re-election by a landslide in 1936 . The economy improved rapidly from 1933 to 1937 , but then relapsed into a deep recession in 1937 -- 38 . The bipartisan Conservative Coalition that formed in 1937 prevented his attempted packing of the Supreme Court , and blocked most of his legislative proposals , aside from the Fair Labor Standards Act . When the war began and unemployment largely became a non-issue , conservatives in Congress repealed the two major relief programs , the WPA and CCC , but kept most of the regulations on business . Along with several smaller programs , major surviving programs from the New Deal include the Securities and Exchange Commission , the Wagner Act , the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation , and Social Security . A potential worldwide war loomed after 1937 , with the Japanese invasion of China and the aggression of Nazi Germany , which invaded Poland in September 1939 . Roosevelt remained officially neutral but gave strong diplomatic and financial support to China , the United Kingdom , Free France , and the Soviet Union via initiatives such as the Lend-Lease programs . Following the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 , 1941 , Roosevelt sought and obtained a declaration of war upon Japan . A few days later , he sought and obtained a declaration of war upon the other major Axis powers , Germany and Italy . Assisted by his top aide Harry Hopkins , and with very strong national support , he worked closely with British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , Soviet leader Joseph Stalin , and Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek in leading the Allies during World War II . He supervised the mobilization of the U.S. economy to support the war effort , and the war saw the end of the massive unemployment that characterized the Great Depression . Roosevelt sought to desegregate the federal workforce with the Fair Employment Practice Committee , but he also controversially ordered the internment of 100,000 Japanese American civilians . As an active military leader , Roosevelt implemented a war strategy on two fronts that ended in the defeat of the Axis Powers and the development of the world 's first nuclear bomb . Though he died months before the end of the war , his work on the post-war order shaped the new United Nations and the Bretton Woods international financial system . Roosevelt 's health seriously declined during the war years , and he died three months into his fourth term . He was succeeded by Vice President Harry S. Truman . It was on Roosevelt 's watch that the Democratic Party was returned to dominance , prosperity returned , and two great military enemies were destroyed . Scholars , historians and the public typically rank Roosevelt alongside Abraham Lincoln and George Washington as one of the three greatest U.S. Presidents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "847e8bd1d21523801f624b8dd4da567b",
"text": "1996 State of the Union Address The 1996 State of the Union address was given by President Bill Clinton to a joint session of the 104th United States Congress on January 23 , 1996 . The speech was the last State of the Union address of President Clinton 's first term . This speech occurred shortly after the federal government shutdown of 1995 and 1996 which had resulted from disagreements on the 1996 United States federal budget . President Clinton discussed the economy and declared that `` the era of big government is over , '' and continued , `` but we can not go back to the time when our citizens were left to fend for themselves . We must go forward as one America , one nation working together , to meet the challenges we face together . Self-reliance and teamwork are not opposing virtues -- we must have both . '' The president discussed welfare reform , the V-chip , education , community policing , crime and the environment . The president also discussed foreign relations and the federal budget . The Republican Party response was delivered by Senator Bob Dole of Kansas . He stated that '' -LSB- President Clinton -RSB- is the chief obstacle to a balanced budget and the balanced budget amendment ... . While the President 's words speak of change , his deeds are a contradiction . President Clinton claims to embrace the future while clinging to the policies of the past . '' Donna Shalala , the Secretary of Health and Human Services , served as the designated survivor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82f98c8f1e20f64c7d7a33a12764224b",
"text": "American way The American way of life or simply the American way is the unique lifestyle of the people of the United States of America . It refers to a nationalist ethos that adheres to the principle of life , liberty and the pursuit of happiness . At the center of the American way is the American Dream that upward mobility is achievable by any American through hard work . This concept is intertwined with the concept of American exceptionalism , the belief in the unique culture of the nation . Author William Herberg offers the following definition : One commentator notes , `` The first half of Herberg 's statement still holds true nearly half a century after he first formulated it '' , even though `` Herberg 's latter claims have been severely if not completely undermined ... materialism no longer needs to be justified in high-sounding terms '' . In the National Archives and Records Administration 's 1999 Annual Report , National Archivist John W. Carlin writes , `` We are different because our government and our way of life are not based on the divine right of kings , the hereditary privileges of elites , or the enforcement of deference to dictators . They are based on pieces of paper , the Charters of Freedom - the Declaration that asserted our independence , the Constitution that created our government , and the Bill of Rights that established our liberties . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d837f920105393a8cbe2a455acd91fa",
"text": "Technological unemployment Technological unemployment is the loss of jobs caused by technological change . Such change typically includes the introduction of labour-saving `` mechanical-muscle '' machines or more efficient `` mechanical-mind '' processes ( automation ) . Just as horses employed as prime movers were gradually made obsolete by the automobile , humans ' jobs have also been affected throughout modern history . Historical examples include artisan weavers reduced to poverty after the introduction of mechanised looms . During World War II , Alan Turing 's Bombe machine compressed and decoded thousands of man-years worth of encrypted data in a matter of hours . A contemporary example of technological unemployment is the displacement of retail cashiers by self-service tills . That technological change can cause short-term job losses is widely accepted . The view that it can lead to lasting increases in unemployment has long been controversial . Participants in the technological unemployment debates can be broadly divided into optimists and pessimists . Optimists agree that innovation may be disruptive to jobs in the short term , yet hold that various compensation effects ensure there is never a long-term negative impact on jobs . Whereas pessimists contend that at least in some circumstances , new technologies can lead to a lasting decline in the total number of workers in employment . The phrase `` technological unemployment '' was popularised by John Maynard Keynes in the 1930s . Yet the issue of machines displacing human labour has been discussed since at least Aristotle 's time . Prior to the 18th century both the elite and common people would generally take the pessimistic view on technological unemployment , at least in cases where the issue arose . Due to generally low unemployment in much of pre-modern history , the topic was rarely a prominent concern . In the 18th century fears over the impact of machinery on jobs intensified with the growth of mass unemployment , especially in Great Britain which was then at the forefront of the Industrial Revolution . Yet some economic thinkers began to argue against these fears , claiming that overall innovation would not have negative effects on jobs . These arguments were formalised in the early 19th century by the classical economists . During the second half of the 19th century , it became increasingly apparent that technological progress was benefiting all sections of society , including the working class . Concerns over the negative impact of innovation diminished . The term `` Luddite fallacy '' was coined to describe the thinking that innovation would have lasting harmful effects on employment . The view that technology is unlikely to lead to long term unemployment has been repeatedly challenged by a minority of economists . In the early 1800s these included Ricardo himself . There were dozens of economists warning about technological unemployment during brief intensifications of the debate that spiked in the 1930s and 1960s . Especially in Europe , there were further warnings in the closing two decades of the twentieth century , as commentators noted an enduring rise in unemployment suffered by many industrialised nations since the 1970s . Yet a clear majority of both professional economists and the interested general public held the optimistic view through most of the 20th century . In the second decade of the 21st century , a number of studies have been released suggesting that technological unemployment may be increasing worldwide . Further increases are forecast for the years to come . While many economists and commentators still argue such fears are unfounded , as was widely accepted for most of the previous two centuries , concern over technological unemployment is growing once again . A report in Wired in 2017 quotes knowledgeable people such as economist Gene Sperling and management professor Andrew McAfee on the idea that handling existing and impending job loss to automation is a `` significant issue '' . Regarding a recent claim by a political appointee that automation is not `` going to have any kind of big effect on the economy for the next 50 or 100 years , '' says McAfee , `` I do n't talk to anyone in the field who believes that . '' Innovations like Watson have the potential to render humans obsolete with the professional , white-collar , low-skilled , creative fields , and other `` mental jobs '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44cb6574ba4bd4e9e664644a24d6612f",
"text": "Lean Government Lean Government refers to the application of lean production ( also known as `` Lean '' ) principles and methods to both identify and then implement the most efficient , value added way to provide government services . Government agencies have found that when Lean is implemented , they see an improved understanding of how their own processes work , that it facilitates the quick identification and implementation of improvements and that it builds a culture of continuous improvement . Lean for government focuses on governing and serving citizens with respect and continuously improving service delivery by cutting out `` waste '' and `` inefficiency '' in processes ; this in turn will result in better services overall , engaged civil servants as well as more value for tax-supported programs and services . Generally , proponents also see that a Lean government is a means to expand the capacity of government to provide more services per unit of investment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b37180cae8530e961e4c779d6e1aff56",
"text": "Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln Inauguration of Abraham Lincoln may refer to : First inauguration of Abraham Lincoln , 1861 Second inauguration of Abraham Lincoln , 1865",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e",
"text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13104f0418b0eecf7bd552fa184702e7",
"text": "National Infrastructure Reinvestment Bank The creation of a National Infrastructure Reinvestment Bank was first proposed by United States Senator Christopher J. Dodd and Senator Chuck Hagel in 2007 . However , several other iterations of a National Infrastructure Bank have been proposed and considered and it is likely that implementing legislation for the Bank will look quite different from that which was proposed in the original legislation . Barack Obama backed the proposed legislation in February 2008 and repeated his call in September 2010 , although he did not provide specifics about how the Bank should operate . In 2008 , Obama suggested that the Bank would borrow US$ 60 billion of federal funding to invest in infrastructure over 10 years , while leveraging `` up to $ 500 billion '' of private investment . It would invest in high-speed trains to provide an alternative to air travel , energy efficiency , and clean energy , among other kinds of public infrastructure . According to Obama , the Bank 's `` work will be determined by what will maximize our safety and security and ability to compete '' and it would `` create nearly two million new jobs '' , mainly in the construction industry . According to the text of the proposed legislation , funding for the bank would be taken from borrowed funds not to exceed one percent . The Bank would complement existing federal programs to fund infrastructure , such as the Highway Trust Fund or State Revolving Funds . It is expected to invest primarily in surface transport infrastructure , which is likely to include highways and mass transit . Obama did not mention investments in water supply and sanitation as an area of activity for the new Bank . The American Water Works Association ( AWWA ) estimates that investment in water supply and sanitation in the United States will have to be `` over $ 250 billion above current levels of spending in the next 20 to 30 years '' to replace aging infrastructure . The original version of the bill expired with the 110th Congress ; a different version of the bill was introduced into the 112th Congress by U.S. Representative Rosa L. DeLauro ( D - Connecticut 3rd District ) as H.R. 402 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34510faa658db2237606588dcdb643b4",
"text": "Edward Everett Edward Everett ( April 11 , 1794 -- January 15 , 1865 ) was an American politician , pastor , educator , diplomat , and orator from Massachusetts . Everett , a Whig , served as U.S. Representative , U.S. Senator , the 15th Governor of Massachusetts , Minister to Great Britain , and United States Secretary of State . He also taught at Harvard University and served as its president . Everett was one of the great American orators of the antebellum and Civil War eras . He is often remembered today as the featured orator at the dedication ceremony of the Gettysburg National Cemetery in 1863 , where he spoke for over two hoursimmediately before President Abraham Lincoln delivered his famous , two-minute Gettysburg Address . The son of a pastor , Everett was educated at Harvard , and briefly ministered at Boston 's Brattle Street Church before taking a teaching job at Harvard . The position included preparatory studies in Europe , so Everett spent two years in studies at the University of Göttingen , and another two years traveling around Europe . At Harvard he taught ancient Greek literature for several years before becoming involved in politics , and began an extensive and popular speaking career . He served ten years in the United States Congress before winning election as Governor of Massachusetts in 1835 . As governor he introduced the state Board of Education , the first of its type in the nation . After being defeated in the 1839 election by one vote , Everett was appointed Minister to Great Britain , serving until 1845 . He next became President of Harvard , a job he quickly came to dislike . In 1849 he became an assistant to longtime friend and colleague Daniel Webster , who had been appointed Secretary of State . Upon Webster 's death Everett served as Secretary of State for a few months until he was sworn in as U.S. Senator from Massachusetts . In the later years of his life Everett traveled , giving speeches all over the country . He supported efforts to maintain the Union before the Civil War , running for Vice President on the Constitutional Union Party ticket in 1860 . He was active in supporting the Union effort during the war and supported Lincoln in the 1864 election .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41110c55c3ff761f51a9bb721bcbdf1f",
"text": "Presidency of William McKinley The presidency of William McKinley began on March 4 , 1897 at noon Eastern Standard Time , when William McKinley was inaugurated as President of the United States , and ended on September 14 , 1901 , upon his assassination and death , days into his second term . McKinley , a Republican , was succeeded by Vice President Theodore Roosevelt . The 25th United States president , he took office following the 1896 presidential election , in which he defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan , after a front-porch campaign in which he advocated `` sound money '' , promised that high tariffs would restore prosperity , and denounced Bryan 's radicalism and class warfare . He defeated Bryan again in the 1900 presidential election , in a campaign focused on imperialism , protectionism , and free silver . McKinley 's presidency marked the beginning of an era in American political history from the mid -- 1890s to 1932 that was generally dominated by the Republican Party . McKinley led the nation to victory in the Spanish -- American War , took ownership of Hawaii , the Philippines and Puerto Rico , restored prosperity , promoted pluralism among all groups , raised protective tariffs to promote American industry , and maintained the nation on the gold standard in a rejection of inflationary proposals . Rapid economic growth marked his presidency . He promoted the 1897 Dingley Tariff to protect manufacturers and factory workers from foreign competition , and in 1900 , he secured the passage of the Gold Standard Act . McKinley hoped to persuade Spain to grant independence to rebellious Cuba without conflict , but when negotiation failed , he led the nation in the Spanish -- American War of 1898 ; the U.S. victory was quick and decisive . As part of the peace settlement , Spain turned over to the United States its main overseas colonies of Puerto Rico , Guam , and the Philippines ; Cuba was promised independence , but for a time remained under the control of the U.S. Army . The United States annexed the independent Republic of Hawaii in 1898 and it became a U.S. territory . As an innovator of American interventionism and pro-business sentiment , McKinley 's presidency is generally ranked above average . Historian Lewis L. Gould argues that McKinley was effective in domestic and foreign affairs and was `` the first modern president '' :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ec69f76f862c9b38e890e8e962e56ca",
"text": "Modern liberalism in the United States Modern American liberalism is the dominant version of liberalism in the United States . It is characterized by social liberalism , and combines ideas of civil liberty and equality with support for social justice and a mixed economy . The term `` modern liberalism '' in this article refers only to the United States . In a global context , this philosophy is usually referred to as social liberalism . The American modern liberal philosophy strongly endorses public spending on programs such as education , health care , and welfare . Important social issues today include addressing inequality , voting rights for minorities , affirmative action , reproductive and other women 's rights , support for LGBT rights , and immigration reform . Modern liberalism took shape during the twentieth century , with roots in Theodore Roosevelt 's New Nationalism , Woodrow Wilson 's New Freedom , Franklin D. Roosevelt 's New Deal , Harry S. Truman 's Fair Deal , John F. Kennedy 's New Frontier , and Lyndon B. Johnson 's Great Society . American liberals oppose conservatives on most issues , but not all . Modern liberalism is historically related to social liberalism and progressivism , though the current relationship between liberal and progressive viewpoints is debated . John F. Kennedy defined a liberal as follows : Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1941 defined a liberal party as one , Keynesian economic theory has played an important role in the economic philosophy of modern American liberals . Modern American liberals generally believe that national prosperity requires government management of the macroeconomy , in order to keep unemployment low , inflation in check , and growth high . They also value institutions that defend against economic inequality . In The Conscience of a Liberal Paul Krugman writes : `` I believe in a relatively equal society , supported by institutions that limit extremes of wealth and poverty . I believe in democracy , civil liberties , and the rule of law . That makes me a liberal , and I 'm proud of it . '' Liberals often point to the widespread prosperity enjoyed under a mixed economy in the years since World War II . They believe liberty exists when access to necessities like health care and economic opportunity are available to all , and they champion the protection of the environment . Modern American liberalism is typically associated with the Democratic Party , as modern American conservatism is typically associated with the Republican Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc060aa2247b4a39e1265897a40d0afa",
"text": "Lincoln College (Illinois) Lincoln College ( chartered Lincoln University ) is a private , independent liberal arts college located in Lincoln , Illinois . Lincoln College is a hybrid college offering both two-year and four-year degree programs for its students . Lincoln College was established in 1865 by the Cumberland Presbyterian Church , but is now independent and has no formal church affiliation . There were a few sites that were looked at as possibilities , and in December 1864 , the site of Lincoln was selected . Due to the Civil War , the denomination wanted to create a college in the North because the denomination 's other schools were located in the South . At this same time a movement started in the new community of Lincoln to start a college . On February 6 , 1865 , the Illinois General Assembly granted the charter that established the university . President Lincoln was aware the school would be named after him . Lincoln University was the first institution named for Abraham Lincoln and the only one during his lifetime . The groundbreaking for University Hall , the first college building , was held on the birthday of Abraham Lincoln , which was six days after the charter had been granted . By September 1866 , University Hall 's construction was completed . In November 1866 , the college opened its doors to men and women alike . In 1868 , there were three people who received their degrees .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c0e2d57a819115615f34482516a5272",
"text": "Kentucky in the American Civil War Kentucky was a border state of key importance in the American Civil War . President Abraham Lincoln recognized the importance of the Commonwealth when , in a September 1861 letter to Orville Browning , he wrote : I think to lose Kentucky is nearly the same as to lose the whole game . Kentucky gone , we can not hold Missouri , nor Maryland . These all against us , and the job on our hands is too large for us . We would as well consent to separation at once , including the surrender of this capitol . Kentucky , being a border state , was among the chief places where the `` Brother against brother '' scenario was prevalent . Kentucky officially declared its neutrality at the beginning of the war , but after a failed attempt by Confederate General Leonidas Polk to take the state of Kentucky for the Confederacy , the legislature petitioned the Union Army for assistance . After early 1862 Kentucky came largely under Union control . Kentucky was the site of several fierce battles , including Mill Springs and Perryville . It was host to such military leaders as Ulysses S. Grant on the Union side , who first encountered serious Confederate gunfire coming from Columbus , Kentucky , and Confederate cavalry leader Nathan Bedford Forrest . Forrest proved to be a scourge to the Union Army in western Kentucky , even making an attack on Paducah . Kentuckian John Hunt Morgan further challenged Union control , as he conducted numerous cavalry raids through the state . Kentucky was the birthplace of Abraham Lincoln , his wife Mary Todd , and his southern counterpart , Confederate President Jefferson Davis . In the historiography of the Civil War , Kentucky is treated primarily as a border state , with special attention to the social divisions during the secession crisis , invasions and raids , internal violence , sporadic guerrilla warfare , federal-state relations , the ending of slavery , and the return of Confederate veterans .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "196750fa372d3c990546068a0fbdf6ab",
"text": "Proto-industrialization Proto-industrialization ( also spelled proto-industrialisation ) was a possible phase in the development of modern industrial economies that preceded , and created conditions for , the establishment of fully industrial societies . Proto-industrialisation is generally referred to the phase before industrialisation . Proto-industrialization was marked by the increasing involvement of agrarian families in market-oriented craft production , mainly through the putting-out system organized by merchant capitalists . It was an effective method of production which was controlled by merchants and had links to developing European consumerism . However , the phase was not observed across Europe , and nor did it always smoothly transition into the Industrial Revolution proper . The term was coined by F. F. Mendels in 1972 , though a UNESCO colloquium on the 10th anniversary of the deaths of Einstein and Teilhard de Chardin and published in 1971 discusses `` the basis for proto-industrialization '' . The applicability of proto-industrialization in Europe has since been challenged . M.J. Daunton , for example , argues that proto-industrialisation `` excludes too much '' to fully explain the expansion of industry : not only do proponents of proto-industrialisation ignore the vital town-based industries in pre-industrial economies , but also ignores `` rural and urban industry based upon non-domestic organisation , '' referring to how mines , mills , forges and furnaces fit into the agrarian economy . Initially using surplus labor available during slow periods of the agricultural seasons , proto-industrialization led to specialization - not only in industrial production but also in commercial agricultural production . This allowed reciprocal trade favored by regional economies of scale . It resulted in accumulation of capital and in the acquisition of entrepreneurial skills by merchant capitalists , which facilitated the development of large-scale , and capital-intensive production methods in the full industrialization phase that followed . Proto-industrialization sparked social changes in traditional agrarian societies that would become more marked during full industrialization , such as greater independence of women and children , who gained a means of income separate from the family subsistence farm . During this phase of industrialisation , machines were not used . They were not even invented at that time . People could only use their hands or any hand-made material to produce required goods .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5a64832fbcf0c76254e7bfd401e9372",
"text": "Timeline of events leading to the American Civil War This timeline of events leading up to the American Civil War describes and links to narrative articles and references about many of the events and issues which historians recognize as origins and causes of the Civil War . The pre-Civil War events can be roughly divided into a period encompassing the long term build-up over many decades and a period encompassing the five-month build to war immediately after the election of Abraham Lincoln as President in the Election of 1860 which culminated in the Fall of Fort Sumter ( April 1861 ) . Since the early colonial period in Virginia , slavery had been a part of the socioeconomic system of British North America and was recognized in the Thirteen Colonies at the time of the United States ' Declaration of Independence ( 1776 ) . Since then , events and statements by politicians and others brought forth differences , tensions and divisions between the people of the slave states of the Southern United States and the people of the free states of the Northern United States ( including Western states ) over the topics of slavery . The large underlying issue from which other issues developed was whether slavery should be retained and even expanded to other areas or whether it should be contained and eventually abolished . Over many decades , these issues and divisions became increasingly irreconcilable and contentious . Events in the 1850s culminated with the election of the anti-slavery-expansion Republican Abraham Lincoln as President on November 6 , 1860 . This provoked the first round of state secessions as leaders of the Deep South cotton states were unwilling to remain in a second class political status with their way of life threatened by the President himself . Initially , the seven Deep South states seceded , with economies based on cotton ( then in heavy European demand with rising prices ) . They were Alabama , Florida , Georgia , Louisiana , Mississippi , South Carolina and Texas . After the Confederates attacked and captured Fort Sumter , President Lincoln called for volunteers to march south and suppress the rebellion . This pushed the four other Upper South States ( Virginia , North Carolina , Tennessee , and Arkansas ) also to secede . These states completed the formation of the Confederate States of America . Their addition to the Confederacy insured a war would be prolonged and bloody because they contributed territory and soldiers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61cbe42253f7f2dbefc89e1e08f128fa",
"text": "Second Great Awakening The Second Great Awakening was a Protestant religious revival movement during the early 19th century in the United States . The movement began around 1790 , gained momentum by 1800 and , after 1820 , membership rose rapidly among Baptist and Methodist congregations whose preachers led the movement . It was past its peak by the late 1850s . The Second Great Awakening reflected Romanticism characterized by enthusiasm , emotion , and an appeal to the super-natural . It rejected the skeptical rationalism and deism of the Enlightenment . The revivals enrolled millions of new members in existing evangelical denominations and led to the formation of new denominations . Many converts believed that the Awakening heralded a new millennial age . The Second Great Awakening stimulated the establishment of many reform movements designed to remedy the evils of society before the anticipated Second Coming of Jesus Christ . Historians named the Second Great Awakening in the context of the First Great Awakening of the 1730s and 1740s and of the Third Great Awakening of the late 1850s to early 1900s . These revivals were part of a much larger Romantic religious movement that was sweeping across Europe at the time , mainly throughout England , Scotland , and Germany .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1be42205619903da3c01ebed1666d6f",
"text": "Inauguration of Andrew Johnson The inauguration of Andrew Johnson as the 17th President of the United States was held on April 15 , 1865 at the Kirkwood House in Washington , D.C. , following the assassination of President Abraham Lincoln . The inauguration marked the commencement of Andrew Johnson 's only term ( a partial term of ) as President . Chief Justice Salmon P. Chase administered the Oath of office . After the ceremony , President Johnson gave an impromptu inaugural address , which began with him begging the cabinet to remain with him and then attacking the Confederacy with such venom , that one witness remarked `` It would have been better had he been struck dumb . '' As President Lincoln lay dying , Vice President Johnson visited the room where he lay , and when Mrs. Lincoln saw him , it was reported , she screamed and demanded he be removed . So he went back to his room at the Kirkwood House . According to newspaper reports , the Vice President had gotten severely inebriated , and when aides to the now-dead president came to fetch the new President they were unable to wake him for several minutes . When he was finally awake , the accounts read , `` he had puffy eyes and his hair was caked with mud from the street , '' and that a barber and doctor were summoned to clean him up for the ten-o'clock ceremony , which most accounts agree went smoothly . However , there are other accounts , believed more reliable by some , which refute this claim .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27a4e8b601fc765133b26891d836d7f2",
"text": "The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a historical fiction novel written by Jacopo della Quercia . The plot follows President William Howard Taft , scientist and son of a former president Robert Todd Lincoln , Secret Service Chief John Wilkie , Captain ( later Major ) Archibald Butt and others as they slowly unravel a worldwide conspiracy over a decade in the making . The book , which was della Quercia 's debut novel , was published in 2014 by St. Martin 's Griffin , an imprint of publishing company St. Martin 's Press . The author described the book 's genre not as singular distinct genre , but as an `` equal parts cocktail '' of adventure , historical fiction , science fiction , thriller and comedy . In 2015 , della Quercia released a spiritual sequel , License to Quill , of a similar nature that concerns the lives of Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare in Reformation-era Europe . The book has many references to actual events ; some , such as the sinking of the RMS Titanic , are important plot points , while others , such as the destruction of the zeppelin Erbslöh , are passively mentioned as news or memories . The author also includes excerpts from real newspaper articles , which were used to provide exposition in the storyline . Similarly , all of the main characters in the book were real , relevant figures in the 20th century . The characters profiles were fictionalized to fit in with the book 's plot and atmosphere , but their names , positions , occupations and personalities are kept largely intact .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b35e55e0a436792fcb11212535b214f5",
"text": "The Lincoln–Douglas Debates (1994 reenactments) The 1994 reenactments of the Lincoln -- Douglas Debates took place between August 20 and October 15 , 1994 and were facilitated and aired by C-SPAN . They featured historical reenactors presenting , in their entireties , the series of seven debates between Abraham Lincoln and Stephen A. Douglas that took place during the 1858 U.S. Senate campaign in Illinois . The debate reenactments were held in the same seven cities as were the 1858 debates , and were performed on dates very close to the anniversaries of the original debates . They were broadcast live on C-SPAN , and have been rebroadcast periodically ever since .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ada361874236dc7ac41a443daa52543",
"text": "John T. Stuart John Todd Stuart ( November 10 , 1807 -- November 23 , 1885 ) was a lawyer and a U.S. Representative from Illinois . Born near Lexington , Kentucky , Stuart graduated from Centre College , Danville , Kentucky , in 1826 . He then studied law , was admitted to the bar in 1828 , and commenced practice in Springfield , Illinois . He was a major in the Black Hawk War in 1832 , where he first met Abraham Lincoln , who was in the same battalion as Stuart . He served as member of the Illinois House of Representatives between 1832 and 1836 . Stuart encouraged Lincoln to study law and the two subsequently became law partners , between 1837 and 1841 . If not for Stuart 's influence , it is conceivable that Lincoln might never have been interested in the law - and thus , might not ever have become president . Stuart was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1836 to the Twenty-fifth Congress . He was , however , elected as a Whig to the Twenty-sixth and Twenty-seventh Congresses ( March 4 , 1839 - March 3 , 1843 ) , winning over Stephen A. Douglas in 1838 . He was not a candidate for renomination in 1842 . Stuart established a law partnership with Benjamin S. Edwards in 1843 , a partnership that would last for forty years . Stuart served as member of the Illinois Senate between 1848 and 1852 . He was the unsuccessful Constitutional Union candidate for Governor of Illinois in 1860 . Stuart was elected as a Democrat to the Thirty-eighth Congress ( March 4 , 1863 - March 3 , 1865 ) , and served there while Lincoln was president . Stuart was a favorite cousin of Mary Todd Lincoln and as a member of Congress after his election in 1862 over Republican Leonard Swett was a frequent visitor at the White House even though he was an anti-emancipation Democrat . He was defeated in 1864 by Republican Shelby Moore Cullom , a Lincoln ally . Following his defeat in 1864 , Stuart resumed the practice of law in Springfield . He died there and was interred in the Oak Ridge Cemetery . In the fall of 2007 , Centre College ( Stuart 's alma mater ) dedicated Stuart Hall , a building that once housed the College 's bookstore but is now a residence hall , in honor of the influence Stuart had over Lincoln 's career path as well as Stuart 's contribution to law . The firm that he founded in Springfield Illinois , once known as `` Stuart and Lincoln , '' is still operating under the name `` Brown , Hay , & Stephens , '' and includes his great-great-grandson as a partner .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
277b0942c3d3511189069f65e03c373f | Missing is an American historical drama film. | [
{
"docid": "87c13a7c8df2d5c95c9041a97de52263",
"text": "Missing (film) Missing ( stylized as missing . ) is a 1982 American historical drama film directed by Costa-Gavras and starring Sissy Spacek , Jack Lemmon , Melanie Mayron , John Shea , Janice Rule and Charles Cioffi . It is based on the true story of American journalist Charles Horman , who disappeared in the bloody aftermath of the US-backed Chilean coup of 1973 that deposed the democratically elected socialist President Salvador Allende . Set largely during the days and weeks following Horman 's disappearance , the movie depicts his father and wife searching to determine his fate . The film examines the relationship between Horman 's wife Beth ( Spacek ) and her father-in-law , American businessman Ed Horman ( Lemmon ) . The film premiered at the 1982 Cannes Film Festival where it was jointly awarded the Palme d'Or ( with Yol ) . The film was released theatrically on February 12 , 1982 . It received four nominations at the 55th Academy Awards : Best Picture , Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Lemmon ) , Best Actress in a Leading Role ( Spacek ) and winning Best Writing ( Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium ) . Missing grossed $ 16 million against its $ 5 million budget . The film was banned in Chile during Augusto Pinochet 's dictatorship , even though neither Chile nor Pinochet is ever mentioned by name ( although the Chilean cities of Viña del Mar and Santiago are ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290",
"text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf211a029d7eb94252e3267059259c3b",
"text": "Coming Home (2014 film) Coming Home ( , literally The Return ) is a 2014 Chinese historical drama film directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Chen Daoming and Gong Li . It was released in the US September 11 , 2015 and first shown to the public on the 20th May 2014 at the Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11e82dba131d53ed3f364c95a8e1a54a",
"text": "The Merchant of Venice (1914 film) The Merchant of Venice is a lost 1914 American silent film historical drama based on William Shakespeare 's play . It was directed by and starred Phillips Smalley and Lois Weber , a husband and wife directing team . It was produced and distributed by Universal Film Manufacturing Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d309958d5423c80a0aed424195459529",
"text": "The Missing Million The Missing Million is a 1942 British crime film directed by Philip Brandon and starring Linden Travers , John Warwick and Patricia Hilliard . It is adapted from a novel by Edgar Wallace . A millionaire is persecuted by a criminal gang .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a56ecd2b07d430a364f44ba3fad5be70",
"text": "Restoration (1995 film) Restoration is a 1995 American historical drama film directed by Michael Hoffman . It stars Robert Downey , Jr. as a 17th-century medical student exploited by the king . The film , which is based on the novel of the same title by Rose Tremain , was filmed in Wales and won two Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cbab51c486d544e54a4248c4053885d",
"text": "Imagining Argentina (film) Imagining Argentina is a 2003 drama historical film written and directed by Christopher Hampton and starring Antonio Banderas , Emma Thompson , Leticia Dolera and Rubén Blades . It is based on the award-winning homonymous novel by Lawrence Thornton . It was nominated for the Golden Lion at the 2003 Venice Film Festival . The film , centered on a couple living through the ominous last military dictatorship in Argentina ( 1976-1983 ) , depicts graphic images of suffering , such as rape and torture . The closing caption states that around 30,000 Argentines disappeared during the beginning and end of the regime .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5",
"text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e747932232c24fb5a9bf02ff7060203",
"text": "Lost and found A lost and found ( American English ) or lost property ( British English ) , or lost articles ( also Canadian English ) is an office in a public building or area where people can go to retrieve lost articles that may have been found by others . Frequently found at museums , amusement parks and schools , a lost and found will typically be a clearly marked box or room in a location near the main entrance . Some lost and found offices will try to contact the owners of any lost items if there are any personal identifiers available . Practically all will either sell , give or throw away items after a certain period has passed to clear their storage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0ec5fe6cd25bf6e5e12e9972dbd9f48",
"text": "Factual film Factual film may refer to : Historical film Biographical film , a film that dramatizes the life of a non-fictional or historically-based person or people Film based on a true story Documentary film , a nonfictional motion picture intended to document some aspect of reality , primarily for the purposes of instruction , education , or maintaining a historical record",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adf44ca4be896e153b4f1a1dec372f68",
"text": "Abandoned (2010 film) Abandoned is a thriller film directed by Michael Feifer and starring Brittany Murphy , Dean Cain , Mimi Rogers and Jay Pickett .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f93ef04690f05da01bc6efe4af30b75c",
"text": "The Wrong Man The Wrong Man is a 1956 American docudrama film directed by Alfred Hitchcock and starring Henry Fonda and Vera Miles . The film was drawn from the true story of an innocent man charged with a crime , as described in the book The True Story of Christopher Emmanuel Balestrero by Maxwell Anderson and in the magazine article `` A Case of Identity '' ( Life magazine , June 29 , 1953 ) by Herbert Brean . It is one of the few Hitchcock films based on a true story and whose plot closely follows the real-life events . The Wrong Man had a notable effect on two significant directors : it prompted Jean-Luc Godard 's longest piece of written criticism in his years as a critic , and it has been cited as an influence on Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4c3718c83663b39f33c38516d53a578",
"text": "Missing years (Jewish calendar) The missing years in the Hebrew calendar refer to a chronological discrepancy between Talmudic chronologists for the destruction of the First Temple in 423 BCE ( 3338 AM ) and the modern secular dating for it in 587 BCE .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "730ca6cd8cab5f678e7f4d615251d696",
"text": "Somewhere in Europe (film) Somewhere in Europe ( Valahol Európában ) is a 1948 Hungarian drama film directed by Géza von Radványi . It depicts the aftermath of World War II and specifically the lives of a gang of orphaned children in a postwar setting . The gang of children steal , cheat , and pillage due largely to the harsh circumstances and the world around them . The film has been compared to Italian neorealism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65f4c09eb511872a4338fe12bfd2d955",
"text": "The Missing Piece (Gentle Giant album) The Missing Piece is the ninth album by British progressive rock band Gentle Giant which was released in 1977 . After the Interview tour this return to the studio marked a change of direction for the band with the first side of the album exploring different musical directions than the band was previously known for , including pop music and punk rock , while the second side was more in the vein of Gentle Giant 's signature progressive rock style . This was the last Gentle Giant album to chart in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cdb163de8cb695b5e40ce87f0fcac24b",
"text": "Standing in the Dust Standing in the Dust ( ایستاده در غبار Istadeh Dar Ghobar ) is a 2016 Biography/Drama movie about Ahmad Motevaselian , an Iranian commander in the Iran-Iraq war , who disappeared in Lebanon . The film is directed by Mohammad Hossein Mahdavian and produced by Habibollah Valinezhad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9add6984e31977643b2b9a1c0bba3e76",
"text": "The Port of Missing Men The Port of Missing Men is a lost 1914 silent film drama directed by Francis Powers and starring Arnold Daly . It is based on a novel by Meredith Nicholson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0f2d24c63c3c38d2f364e6e4af4bea8",
"text": "The Missing Piece (book) The Missing Piece is a children 's picture book by poet Shel Silverstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad87e5231205c1e6dcfae61883995b71",
"text": "Who's Missing (game) Who 's Missing is a game for children ages kindergarten through 6th grade , and is often played in the classroom . In this game , one student hides his or her eyes while other children trade seats and one child from the group leaves the room . Alternatively , the person who is supposed to guess leaves the room while another child hides . Once everyone else is in a seat , the leader or teacher will say , `` Turn around ( or come back in ) and see who 's missing . '' The child will then try to figure out who 's missing . Rules may vary on how many guesses the child gets . After a specified amount of time , the teacher will tell the student who it is so the game is not delayed . The student who left the room is now the guesser , whether the first student guessed right or not , and a new round begins . Other variations include having two or three students leave the room , especially towards the end of the game , and later having two or three students as guessers . As a prank , all the students could leave the room . Often those hiding their eyes will be surprised the first time it is done to the class .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "852747ac64d82307a7d6e58b4e363bb7",
"text": "List of lost films For this list of lost films , a lost film is defined as one of which no part of a print is known to have survived . For films in which any portion of the footage remains ( including trailers ) , see List of incomplete or partially lost films . Films may go missing for a number of reasons . One major contributing factor is the common use of nitrate film until the early 1950s . This type of film is highly flammable , and there have been several devastating fires , such as the 1937 Fox vault fire , the 1967 MGM vault fire , and the Universal Pictures fire in 1924 . Black-and-white film prints judged to be otherwise worthless were sometimes incinerated to salvage the meager scrap value of the silver image particles in their emulsions . Films have disappeared when production companies went bankrupt . Occasionally , a studio would remake a film and destroy the earlier version . Silent films in particular were once seen as having no further commercial value and were simply junked to clear out expensive storage space . This is necessarily an incomplete list . Martin Scorsese 's Film Foundation claims that `` half of all American films made before 1950 and over 90 % of films made before 1929 are lost forever . '' Deutsche Kinemathek estimates that 80 -- 90 % of silent films are gone ; the film archive 's own list contains over 3500 lost films . A study by the Library of Congress states that 75 % of all silent films are now lost . While others dispute whether the percentage is quite that high , it is impractical to enumerate any but the more notable and those that can be sourced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a20b023c16b75e304eaea02873742fc",
"text": "National Missing and Unidentified Persons System National Missing and Unidentified Persons System , abbreviated as NamUs , is a clearing house for missing persons and unidentified decedent records in the United States , a part of the Department of Justice . NamUs also provides free DNA testing and other forensic services , such as anthropology and odontology assistance . In 2005 , the National Institute of Justice assembled for a national strategy meeting regarding missing persons in the United States ; they called the meeting `` Identifying the Missing Summit . '' Forensic scientists , policymakers , victim advocates and law enforcement officials discussed the challenges and strategies for solving missing person cases and identifying unidentified decedent cases . From there the Deputy Attorney General created a task force , The National Missing Persons Task Force , and encouraged the U.S Department of Justice to find prominent tools that will help solve these cases . NamUs was created , subsequently . The NamUs database was created in three phases ; in Phase III , released in 2009 , the system became fully searchable and open to the public . Through NamUs , users will have access to three databases : Unidentified Persons database , Missing Persons database and an UnClaimed Persons database . In the database users can search by state , date last seen , circumstances , physical/medical characteristics , clothing and accessories , sex , ethnicity , race and more , in order to locate or search for a potential match or personal profile . Each missing person and unidentified person have their own four digit code number . If a potential match is found , users can notify and submit the potential match to case managers , local law enforcement agencies or NamUs regional administrators . If a potential match has been ruled out it will appear on the unidentified person 's profile , under the section `` exclusions . '' The issue of unidentified remains in the United States has been coined `` the Nation 's Silent Mass Disaster . '' There are approximately 40,000 unidentified human remains that have been buried or cremated before being identified . Furthering the problem of identification , in 2004 , less than half of the nation 's medical examiner 's offices had policies for retaining DNA , x-rays , or fingerprints of unidentified persons . Another issue that has left remains unidentified has been the reporting of missing persons . Those who go missing over the 18 are not required to be reported - reporting them is voluntary . Consequently , there has been a low rate of reported adult cases through NCIC ( the National Crime Information Center ) . Ultimately NamUs is working together with the public and national level databases to incorporate the records of missing persons and meet the challenges of non-reporting . Currently , there have been 16,080 missing person cases on file through NamUs . , 60.46 % , or 9,723 of them remain open and unsolved . Of the closed cases , 665 , or 10.46 % , have been closed through the aid of the NamUs database . Furthermore , there have been 10,714 unidentified persons cases on filed through NamUs . , 88.66 % , or 9,500 , remain open and unidentified . Of the closed cases , 285 , or 23.495 , have been closed through the aid of the NamUs database .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4d4eb81668446202173e69836f9be0ad | The Proposal stars an actress. | [
{
"docid": "1369dab6091e1eacb0a6b90f814313ca",
"text": "Sandra Bullock Sandra Annette Bullock ( -LSB- 's ændrə_ˈbʊlək -RSB- born July 26 , 1964 ) is an American actress , producer , and philanthropist . Bullock made her acting debut with a minor role in the 1987 thriller Hangmen , and made her television debut in the film Bionic Showdown : The Six Million Dollar Man and the Bionic Woman ( 1989 ) , and played the lead role in the short-lived NBC sitcom Working Girl . Her breakthrough role was in the film Demolition Man ( 1993 ) . She subsequently starred in several successful films including Speed ( 1994 ) , While You Were Sleeping ( 1995 ) , The Net ( 1995 ) , A Time to Kill ( 1996 ) , Hope Floats ( 1998 ) , and Practical Magic ( 1998 ) . Bullock achieved further success in the following decades in Miss Congeniality ( 2000 ) , Two Weeks Notice ( 2002 ) , Crash ( 2004 ) , The Proposal ( 2009 ) , and The Heat ( 2013 ) . She was awarded the Academy Award for Best Actress and the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress in a Drama for playing Leigh Anne Tuohy in The Blind Side ( 2009 ) , and was nominated in the same categories for her performance in Gravity ( 2013 ) . Bullock 's greatest commercial success is the animated comedy film Minions ( 2015 ) , which grossed over US$ 1 billion at the box office . In 2007 , she was one of Hollywood 's highest-paid actresses . She was also named `` Most Beautiful Woman '' by People magazine in 2015 . In addition to her acting career , Bullock is the founder of the production company Fortis Films . She has produced some of the films in which she starred , including Two Weeks Notice , Miss Congeniality 2 : Armed and Fabulous , and All About Steve . She was an executive producer of the ABC sitcom , George Lopez , and made several appearances during its run .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e721e0dda39c3b1b2400094877eb7424",
"text": "The Proposal (film) The Proposal is a 2009 American romantic comedy film directed by Anne Fletcher and written by Peter Chiarelli . The film stars Sandra Bullock and Ryan Reynolds , Betty White , Mary Steenburgen and Craig T. Nelson . The film was produced by Mandeville Films and released on June 19 , 2009 , in North America by Touchstone Pictures . The plot centers on a Canadian executive , Margaret Tate , who learns that she may face deportation from the U.S. because of her expired visa . Determined to retain her position as editor in chief of a publishing house , Tate convinces her assistant , Andrew Paxton , to temporarily act as her fiancé . Initially planning on resuming their lives after Tate resolves her visa issues , they appear to abandon those plans as their relationship intensifies . Development on the film began in 2005 , when Chiarelli wrote the film 's script . Principal filming occurred over a period of two months from March to May 2008 . The film received mixed reviews from critics , who criticized its script , but praised the chemistry between Bullock and Reynolds . The film was a box office success , grossing over $ 317 million worldwide , becoming the highest grossing romantic comedy film of 2009 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "59928551eb4f8f90d2ceb4f0f9e37732",
"text": "Daphne Zuniga Daphne Eurydice Zuniga ( -LSB- 'd æfni_zuːˈniːgə -RSB- born October 28 , 1962 ) is an American film and television actress , and environmentalist . After studying at the American Conservatory Theater in her youth , she made her film debut in 1982 in the slasher film The Dorm That Dripped Blood at the age of 19 , followed by a lead role in the horror film The Initiation ( 1984 ) two years later . She went on to star in several comedies , including Rob Reiner 's The Sure Thing ( 1985 ) , opposite John Cusack , as well as the cult comedies Spaceballs , and Modern Girls ( 1986 ) . She also starred opposite Lucille Ball in the television drama film Stone Pillow ( 1986 ) , and in the sci-fi horror sequel The Fly II ( 1989 ) . Zuniga would later gain major exposure as a television actress for her role as Jo Reynolds on the Fox prime time soap opera Melrose Place from 1992 -- 1996 . Other television credits include as Victoria Davis on One Tree Hill ( 2008 -- 2012 ) , and as Lynn Kerr on the drama series Beautiful People . Also an environmental activist , Zuniga was a founding member of the Earth Communications Office ( ECO ) , and has worked with the Natural Resources Defense Council , the Waterkeeper Alliance , and Environment California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc10071beaa17da4d14b16c78c6031c9",
"text": "Chelsea Kane Chelsea Kane Staub ( born September 15 , 1988 ) , known professionally as Chelsea Kane since early 2011 , is an American actress and singer . She is known for her role as Stella Malone in the Disney Channel sitcom television series and the role of Riley Perrin in the Freeform sitcom , Baby Daddy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58446a9bebfbf4a9dcbe4f5b9b21c304",
"text": "Michele Pillar Michele Diane Pillar ( born July 26 , 1955 ) is a contemporary Christian music singer , songwriter and occasional actress . Despite recording only a handful of studio albums , her music has made a lasting influence in the genre having earned three Grammy Award nominations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0bea8bfb24d3881bca037cda37511d0b",
"text": "Christine Lahti Christine Ann Lahti ( born April 4 , 1950 ) is an American actress . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1984 film Swing Shift . Her other film roles include ... And Justice for All ( 1979 ) , Housekeeping ( 1987 ) , Running on Empty ( 1988 ) , and Leaving Normal ( 1992 ) . For her directorial debut with the 1995 short film Lieberman in Love , she won the Academy Award for Best Live Action Short Film . Lahti made her Broadway debut in 1980 as a replacement in Loose Ends , and went on to star in the Broadway productions of Present Laughter ( 1982 ) and The Heidi Chronicles ( 1989 ) . An eight-time Golden Globe nominee and six-time Emmy Award nominee , she won a Golden Globe for the 1989 TV movie No Place Like Home , and won a Golden Globe and an Emmy in 1998 for her role as Kate Austin in the CBS series Chicago Hope ( 1995 -- 99 ) . She returned to Broadway in 2009 to star in God of Carnage . She also had a recurring role as Sonya Paxton in the NBC series Law and Order : Special Victims Unit ( 2009 -- 11 ) , as Doris McGarrett in the CBS series Hawaii Five-0 ( 2012 -- 16 ) , and Laurel Hitchin in NBC 's The Blacklist ( 2015 -- 17 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e0c34a667cf6f1a80bb2dd6bc5f8bdd",
"text": "Sybil Temtchine Sybil Temchen ( born Sybil Josie Temtchine on June 7 , 1979 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3de95f90dbf2a03b32891e7e519fcdf9",
"text": "Prêt-à-Porter (film) Prêt-à-Porter , released in the US as Ready to Wear ( Prêt-à-Porter ) , is a 1994 American satirical comedy film co-written , directed and produced by Robert Altman and shot on location during the Paris Fashion Week with a host of international stars , models and designers . The film features an extensive ensemble cast , including Anouk Aimée , Marcello Mastroianni , Sophia Loren , Kim Basinger , Stephen Rea , Lauren Bacall , Julia Roberts , Tim Robbins , Lili Taylor , Sally Kellerman , Tracey Ullman , Linda Hunt , Rupert Everett , Forest Whitaker , Richard E. Grant , Danny Aiello , Teri Garr , Lyle Lovett , Jean Rochefort , Michel Blanc , Jean-Pierre Cassel , Ute Lemper , Anne Canovas , and François Cluzet . The film may be best known for its many cameo appearances and its final scene which features two minutes of nude female models walking the catwalk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "040d3fbf478f304cc3b978947bad5eb2",
"text": "Susan Ursitti Susan Ursitti is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "840dfcf6629125ce30a2a876b17fe7ce",
"text": "Kate Rogal Kate Rogal ( born 1985 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47fc2756da4adfb13441eeab8f56564c",
"text": "Elaine Devry Elaine Devry ( born Thelma Elaine Mahnken , January 10 , 1930 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7559f386347a96ffefc0df57e067f1b6",
"text": "Sarah Smart Sarah Smart ( born 3 March 1977 ) is an English actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08828a823d57fd0a132f322a8020e083",
"text": "Jessica Chastain Jessica Michelle Chastain ( born March 24 , 1977 ) is an American actress and film producer . Born in Carmichael , California , and raised in Sacramento , Chastain developed an interest in acting from a young age . In 1998 , she made her professional stage debut as Shakespeare 's Juliet . After studying acting at the Juilliard School , she was signed to a talent holding deal with the television producer John Wells . She was a recurring guest star in several television shows , including Law & Order : Trial by Jury . She also took on roles in the stage productions of Anton Chekhov 's play The Cherry Orchard in 2004 and Oscar Wilde 's tragedy Salome in 2006 . Chastain made her film debut in the drama Jolene ( 2008 ) , and gained wide recognition in 2011 for starring roles in half a dozen films , including the dramas Take Shelter and The Tree of Life . Her performance as an aspiring socialite in The Help earned her an Academy Award nomination . In 2012 , she won a Golden Globe Award and received a second Oscar nomination for playing a CIA agent in the thriller Zero Dark Thirty . Chastain made her Broadway debut in a revival of The Heiress in the same year . Her highest-grossing releases came with the science fiction films Interstellar ( 2014 ) and The Martian ( 2015 ) , as she continued to draw praise for her performances in the dramas The Disappearance of Eleanor Rigby ( 2013 ) , A Most Violent Year ( 2014 ) , and Miss Sloane ( 2016 ) . Chastain 's accolades include two Academy Award and British Academy Film Award nominations . She is known to prepare extensively for her roles . Chastain is the founder of the production company Freckle Films , which was created to promote diversity in film . She is vocal about social issues such as gender and racial equality , and mental health . Time magazine named her one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bdf9e80f1f58bf13240b2d35eb42534",
"text": "Pam Potillo Pamela `` Pam '' Potillo ( born April 30 , 1974 in Trenton , New Jersey ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d7bd9f9bdac2af58d43937630af0fbd",
"text": "Julie Ann Emery Julie Ann Emery ( born January 16 , 1975 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca37fbbe933ab2df49038ff9f2d73658",
"text": "Gia Mantegna Gina `` Gia '' Cristine Mantegna ( born April 17 , 1990 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a0523d6dee5d4e2370000872ca2deb4",
"text": "Sasha Lane Sasha Bianca Lane ( born September 29 , 1995 ) is an American actress . She made her film debut in American Honey ( 2016 ) directed by Andrea Arnold .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "372bcd591bb7053658207f30034dd777",
"text": "Allie Grant Allie Grant ( born February 14 , 1994 ) is an American film and television actress . She is best known for her role as Isabelle Hodes on the Showtime television series Weeds appearing in the series from 2005 to 2009 . She also co-starred as Lisa Shay on the ABC sitcom Suburgatory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c08931a3823dd4048a181d7d1130379a",
"text": "Kate Winslet filmography Kate Winslet is a British actress and singer who has appeared in numerous films and television series . Her film debut was as Juliet Hulme in the 1994 film Heavenly Creatures . She went on to appear in the later 1990s films Sense and Sensibility as Marianne Dashwood ( 1995 ) , which earned her a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , Jude as Sue Bridehead ( 1996 ) , Hamlet as Ophelia ( 1996 ) and Titanic as Rose DeWitt Bukater ( 1997 ) . For her role in Titanic , it earned her Best Actress nominations for an Academy Award , Golden Globe and Screen Actors Guild Award . In the 2000s , she was cast in Enigma with Dougray Scott ( 2001 ) , Eternal Sunshine of the Spotless Mind with Jim Carrey ( 2004 ) , Finding Neverland with Johnny Depp ( 2004 ) , The Holiday with Jack Black ( 2006 ) , The Reader with David Kross ( 2008 ) and Revolutionary Road with Leonardo DiCaprio ( 2008 ) , her second collaboration with him , the first being in Titanic . She won an Academy Award for Best Actress for her role in The Reader . She also lent her voice to the animated film Flushed Away in 2006 with Hugh Jackman . In 2011 , Winslet starred in the all-star cast films , in Contagion with Marion Cotillard , Matt Damon , Jude Law and Gwyneth Paltrow and in Carnage alongside Jodie Foster , Christoph Waltz and John C. Reilly . In 2014 , she played Jeanine Matthews in the first film of the series , Divergent , based on the novel of the same name . She reprised the role in the 2015 sequel Insurgent . In 2015 , she starred in titular role in The Dressmaker and as an ex marketing chief of Apple Joanna Hoffman in a biopic Steve Jobs , earning her seventh Oscar nomination . Her television work includes appearing in several episodes of the series Dark Season in 1991 , and three episodes on Get Back from 1992 to 1993 . In 2005 , she appeared in an episode of Extras as herself and received her first Emmy nomination and went on to win one for her portrayal of Mildred Pierce Beragon in Todd Haynes 's 2011 miniseries Mildred Pierce .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4bd45d14cb17358055dd13263b4011f9",
"text": "Kate Michaels Kate Michaels ( born Kathleen Rebecca Hall , June 2 , 1969 ) is an American singer and actor specializing in big band/swing and musical theater .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b776a59ab51178c1c4c9085861f05b5",
"text": "Kristin Davis Kristin Landen Davis ( also listed as Kristin Lee Davis ; born February 23 , 1965 ) is an American actress . She is known for playing Brooke Armstrong on the soap opera Melrose Place ( 1995 -- 1996 ) , and Charlotte York Goldenblatt on HBO 's Sex and the City ( 1998 -- 2004 ) . She received a 2004 Emmy Award nomination for her role as Charlotte , and reprised the role in the films , Sex and the City ( 2008 ) and Sex and the City 2 ( 2010 ) . Davis made her Broadway debut playing Mabel Cantwell in the 2012 revival of The Best Man , and her West End debut playing Beth Gallagher in the original 2014 stage production of Fatal Attraction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4d78ceb190d29baf35da7a7d7146f86",
"text": "Kathleen Noone Kathleen Noone ( born Kathleen O'Meara , January 8 , 1945 ) is an American actress . She began her career as a singer in nightclubs and performed in musicals in off-Broadway stage , before making her television debut in the CBS daytime soap opera , As the World Turns ( 1975 -- 76 ) . From 1977 to 1989 , Noone played Ellen Shepherd Dalton on the ABC daytime soap opera , All My Children . For this role , she won Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series in 1987 . In 1990 , Noone moved to prime time , starring as villainous Claudia Whittaker in the CBS series , Knots Landing ( 1990 -- 1993 ) . She returned to daytime television as Bette Katzenkazrahi on NBC 's Sunset Beach ( 1997 -- 1999 ) , for which she received another Daytime Emmy Award nomination . She also has had the recurring roles on L.A. Law , Party of Five , According to Jim , and Dexter .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
581c163709ff71252a8dfc689f1cc44c | Chris Weitz was born. | [
{
"docid": "77b65aef392540e34f2337403f122ee4",
"text": "Chris Weitz Christopher John `` Chris '' Weitz ( born November 30 , 1969 ) is an American film producer , screenwriter , author , occasional actor , and film director . He is the brother of filmmaker Paul Weitz . He is best known for his work with his brother on the comedy films American Pie and About a Boy , the latter of which was Oscar-nominated for adapted screenplay . Weitz directed the film adaptation of the novel The Golden Compass and the film adaptation of New Moon from the series of Twilight books , as well wrote the screenplay for Disney 's 2015 live-action adaptation of Cinderella and co-wrote Rogue One : A Star Wars Story alongside with Tony Gilroy .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4d8428111dd58c91f5940f1069a6c333",
"text": "Weitbrecht Communications Weitbrecht Communications , Inc. ( WCI ) is a Santa Monica , California company that specializes in providing products for deaf people . The company was founded as Applied Communications around 1965 by Robert Weitbrecht and James C. Marsters based on Weitbrecht 's invention of the teleprinter at SRI International ( then Stanford Research Institute ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ed30370ab78d92777909cf1fe27d396",
"text": "Chris Wright (basketball, born 1988) Chris Wright ( born September 30 , 1988 ) is an American professional basketball player for the Oklahoma City Blue of the NBA Development League . He played college basketball for the University of Dayton . He has previously played in the NBA for the Golden State Warriors and Milwaukee Bucks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ea3cc6152564d1dfb018734d8ef8a36",
"text": "Alex Kurtzman Alex Kurtzman ( born September 7 , 1973 ) is an American film and television writer , producer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aabb9c9f483679927d595ba833bc42ca",
"text": "David A. Weitz David A. Weitz ( born October 3 , 1951 ) is a Canadian/American physicist and Mallinckrodt Professor of Physics & Applied Physics and professor of Systems Biology at Harvard University . He is the co-director of the BASF Advanced Research Initiative at Harvard , co-director of the Harvard Kavli Institute for Bionano Science & Technology , and director of the Harvard Materials Research Science & Engineering Center . He is best known for his work in the areas of diffusing-wave spectroscopy , microrheology , microfluidics , rheology , fluid mechanics , interface and colloid science , colloid chemistry , biophysics , complex fluids , soft condensed matter physics , phase transitions , the study of glass and amorphous solids , liquid crystals , self-assembly , surface-enhanced light scattering , and diffusion-limited aggregation . More recently , his laboratory has developed Force spectrum microscopy , which is capable of measuring random intracellular forces . As of July 2013 , he has a Hirsch index of 94 . Weitz received his B.Sc . in Physics from the University of Waterloo and his PhD in superconductivity from Harvard . He then worked as a research physicist at Exxon Research and Engineering for nearly 18 years , leading the Interfaces and Inhomogeneous Materials Group and Complex Fluids Area . He then became a Professor of Physics at the University of Pennsylvania , before moving to Harvard in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "272f601c4e7a65f9ef1773a6d1f0a277",
"text": "Chris Walsh (politician) Chris Walsh ( born May 20 , 1951 ) is an American state legislator serving in the Massachusetts House of Representatives as a Democrat . Born in New York City , Walsh received his degree in architect from Rhode Island School of Design and is an architect . Walsh lives in Framingham , Massachusetts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa00980533cb61e695e70b636cfced60",
"text": "Zach Weinersmith Zachary Alexander Weinersmith ( born Zachary Alexander Weiner ; March 5 , 1982 ) is an American cartoonist , who is best known for his webcomic Saturday Morning Breakfast Cereal ( SMBC ) . He is the author of two other webcomics , the completed Captain Stupendous with artist Chris Jones , and Snowflakes , co-written by James Ashby and also illustrated by Chris Jones . He also founded the sketch comedy group SMBC Theater with James Ashby and Marty Weiner in 2009 . Weinersmith has been involved in writing and drawing comics since his high school years , but he first published on the internet in the late 1990s . His early comics usually had three or more panels , but after 2002 , he switched to drawing predominantly one panel comics . He stated in a 2009 interview that he was glad to have decided to draw one panel comics because he felt three panel webcomics had become a webcomic cliche by that time , and that there were almost no decent one panel comics on the internet . More recently , he has drawn a mixture of single and multi panel comics for SMBC . Weinersmith 's webcomic was recognized in 2006 , and 2007 with the Web Cartoonists ' Choice Award for Outstanding Single Panel Comic , and received nominations in 2003 , and 2008 . He also cohosts the science podcast `` The Weekly Weinersmith '' along with his wife Kelly , a parasitologist , the first episode of which was released on October 5 , 2011 . As of October 2013 the podcast is on hiatus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc3f4cfb64f5627a1d102932577c67ba",
"text": "Chris Barz Chris Barz ( stylized as `` x | | z '' , pronounced X Z ) is an American musician . Chris began his love for music on a piano at the age of 3 . At the age of 11 he developed a passion for rapping , and freestyle cyphers which created a love for bars , rhyming and clever wordplay . Chris started recording songs on a boombox tape recorder . At the age of 12 he was introduced to an MPC2000 XL and started producing beats and writing songs in middle school . Chris played in many popular young go-go bands growing up in Prince George 's County , Maryland and the District of Columbia , including his own Go-Go band called `` Total Assault '' . One day , while headed to shoot a video , Chris was riding passenger of a vehicle that was struck by a truck and totaled . Surviving with minor injuries , only to be involved in a similar accident with a truck totaling the vehicle while riding to band practice in Washington D.C. a second time . Feeling like he had a third shot at life , Chris began to live a life dedicated to leaving a legacy through music . His first hip-hop/rap mixtape landed him as Complex magazine 's 10 New DMV Rappers to Watch Out For , XXL Magazine 's 15 DMV Artists You Need To Know , and The Washington Post . . His love for piano and composition has led him to score songs for movies and stage plays . The stage play `` 7 Layers Captive '' by Stacy Jewell Lewis won Best Play & Performance in Professional Theater and premiered at the John F Kennedy Center for Performing Arts . On Friday , November 27 , his collaboration with Chris Brown , the airy and sensual `` Just So You Know '' was released which was produced and written by the young virtuoso . Chris is planning to release his self-produced debut project `` Angels & Jets '' in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4ef5028488c66e3f706dd901098bbad",
"text": "Chris Booker Chris Booker ( born May 20 , 1971 ) is an American radio and TV personality .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e1ab5e614c52d63c413ed7b7df6e5a9",
"text": "David Schütz David Schütz ( דוד שיץ , born August 5 , 1941 ) is an Israeli fiction writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aee9341368b26586847db6b063905085",
"text": "Chris Carlin Chris `` The Continent '' Carlin ( born September 16 , 1972 in Morristown , New Jersey ) is an American television and radio personality . Carlin is the co-host of Carlin & Reese on local Philadelphia sports radio station 94.1 WIP . Carlin joined the station in November 2016 , after 8 1/2 years on SNY , the TV home of the New York Mets . While at SNY , Carlin co-hosted Loud Mouths , a PTI-esque sports debate program from its inception on March 24 , 2008 until his departure . Also , he and on-air partner Bob Ojeda co-hosted pre - and post-game telecasts for New York Mets games on SNY for 5 seasons , from 2009-2013 . He also hosted SportsNite , SNY 's nightly New York sports recap program . Carlin is also the play-by-play voice for Rutgers football games , and from 2008-2016 he also called Rutgers Men 's Basketball games . He began at Rutgers as the sideline reporter for football in 2001 , and took over the play-by-play duties at Rutgers in 2004 when Tom McCarthy , the TV voice of the Philadelphia Phillies departed Rutgers . Carlin spent the first 13 years of his professional career at WFAN in New York . Beginning as an intern in 1995 , he worked his way up to producer for the legendary `` Mike & The Mad Dog Show , '' co-hosted by Mike Francesa & Christopher ` Mad Dog ' Russo . Carlin produced the show for 6 1/2 years , during which time his on air role grew with the station . He briefly hosted overnights , and served as sports anchor on the ` Imus in the Morning ' program ( 2005-2007 ) & `` Boomer & Carton '' program ( 2007-2008 . ) In addition , he hosted `` The Morning Warmup , '' a one-hour preshow for Boomer & Carton .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddabac0f2cb6d72c0c5517e39b7c1a32",
"text": "Obetz, Ohio Obetz is a village in Franklin County , Ohio , United States . The population was 4,532 at the 2010 census . The community ( originally `` Obetz Junction '' , in honor of settler Charles Obetz ) was formed in 1838 as a stagecoach junction , and incorporated in 1928 . Nearby `` Reese Station '' served as the railroad station for the immediate area , while other adjacent communities such as Groveport , Lockbourne and Canal Winchester were part of the Ohio and Erie Canal canal and lock system . The close proximity of Obetz Junction to these terminal towns transformed the area into a hub of commerce , travel and trade in mid-19th century . Communities such as Obetz and its neighbors , with their strong ties to transportation helped to further cement Central and Columbus , Ohio 's status as the state capital .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00b41e3137a9ca7260a7547883bd7f58",
"text": "Michael Weidt Michael Weidt ( born 22 February 1946 ) is a German photographer . He is known , in particular , for his portraits of East German theatre and movie stars . His repertoire has also covered the worlds of music , dance and the visual arts more generally . Weidt grew up in the German Democratic Republic ( East Germany ) . Early in 1964 , aged just 18 , he attempted an escape to West Berlin in order to be reunited with his grandmother who had brought him up during his early childhood , and whom he badly missed . The escape attempt failed , but Weidt survived .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c9925091292e9d09f2fb6ce4ad41e7",
"text": "Lisa Weiß Lisa Weiß ( born 29 October 1987 ) is a German footballer . She currently plays for SGS Essen and the German national team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99c7ad01b44efd84c5ee7944b3f786f9",
"text": "Chris Higgins (musician) Christopher Higgins , best known by his stage name Chris X-13 Higgins ( born September 23 , 1972 ) , is an American musician , former backup guitar/vocal/keyboard / percussion player in the punk rock band The Offspring from 1994 to 2005 . He provided backing vocals for Offspring 's studio albums between Americana and Rise and Fall , Rage and Grace . During his 11 years with the band , he performed live with the Offspring on tour , and made an appearance in the music video for `` Why Do n't You Get a Job ? '' . When the Offspring was not on the road Higgins ran the lead singer 's studio and produced the demo recording of upcoming Offspring albums . Higgins also played guitar and did some vocals in the bands Gentleman Jack , All the Madmen ( Wopking Class Zeroes ) and Good Kitty . As of 2005 , he is no longer with The Offspring on the tour but he did backup vocals on Rise and Fall , Rage and Grace . It is said that he needs more time with his church and family . He is currently involved in digital media and visual communications at St. John 's Lutheran Church of Orange .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e0a05de5a730d73a1ea32e12d6ae91e",
"text": "Robert L. Fantz Robert Lowell Fantz ( 1925 -- 1981 ) was an American developmental psychologist who pioneered several studies into infant perception . In particular , the preferential looking paradigm introduced by Fantz in the 1960s is widely used in cognitive development and categorization studies among small babies . Working at the Case Western Reserve University , Fantz introduced in 1958 the visual preference paradigm - showing that infants look longer at patterned ( e.g. checkered ) images rather than uniform images . An innovation in this task was the measurement of the duration of the infant gaze rather than just the direction of first gaze . In 1964 , Fantz extended this idea to habituation situations , to show that over multiple exposures to the same and a different image , the infant gradually exhibited a preference for the novel stimulus . The researcher could now estimate an infant 's discriminatory and perceptual capability by showing different images in highly controlled situations , often within a stagelike box , and observing which changes in the scenarios the infant would perceive as novel . The American Psychological Foundation has instituted the annual Robert Fantz Memorial Award for research in `` perceptual-cognitive development and the development of selective attention '' ; and also `` development of individuality , creativity , and free-choice of behavior . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7ffcd694dce5413d91ad97eb25ba981",
"text": "Josh Weinstein Josh Weinstein ( born May 5 , 1966 ) is an American television writer and producer , known for his work on the animated comedy series The Simpsons . Weinstein and Bill Oakley became best friends and writing partners at St. Albans High School ; Weinstein then attended Stanford University and was editor-in-chief of the Stanford Chaparral . He worked on several short-term media projects , including writing for the variety show Sunday Best , but was then unemployed for a long period . Weinstein and Oakley eventually penned a spec script for Seinfeld , after which they wrote `` Marge Gets a Job '' , an episode of The Simpsons . Subsequently , the two were hired to write for the show on a permanent basis in 1992 . After they wrote episodes such as `` $ pringfield ( Or , How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling ) '' , `` Bart vs. Australia '' and `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? '' , the two were appointed executive producers and showrunners for the seventh and eighth seasons of the show . They attempted to include several emotional episodes focusing on the Simpson family , as well as several high-concept episodes such as `` Homer 's Enemy '' , `` Two Bad Neighbors '' and `` The Principal and the Pauper '' , winning three Primetime Emmy Awards for their work . After they left The Simpsons , Oakley and Weinstein created Mission Hill . The show was plagued by promotional issues and was swiftly canceled . They worked as consulting producers on Futurama , then created The Mullets in 2003 . The two wrote several unsuccessful TV pilots , and were due to serve as showrunners on Sit Down , Shut Up in 2009 . Oakley left the project over a contract dispute , but Weinstein remained until it was canceled . He co-produced and wrote for Futurama again during its Comedy Central revival , winning an Emmy in 2011 . Since 2013 , Weinstein has served as showrunner for the CBBC series Strange Hill High . He has also served as a writer for Season Two of Gravity Falls , co-writing nine of the season 's episodes . Weinstein is married to journalist Lisa Simmons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a198a1919f290c086c4119b7b9f11823",
"text": "Chris Myers Christopher Patrick `` Chris '' Myers ( born March 28 , 1959 ) is an American sportscaster . A native of Miami , FL with more than 20 years in broadcasting , he has covered premiere events , including the Super Bowl , World Series , NBA Finals , NCAA Final Four , The Masters and U.S. Open ( golf ) , Triple Crown , the Olympics , and the Daytona 500 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f242fef82cf8966ff26dd054541d8180",
"text": "Andrew Weinberg Andrew Weinberg ( born 1976 ) is an American television writer , known for his work on Late Night with Conan O'Brien and The Tonight Show with Conan O'Brien . He is also a co-creator and co-writer of the television series Eagleheart ( TV series ) . The quarter-hour series is a parody of action crime dramas like Walker , Texas Ranger and originated in Conan O'Brien 's Conaco Prods .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f60409ebbd9cc8dd6b84d2167991f223",
"text": "Chris Webber Mayce Edward Christopher `` Chris '' Webber III ( born March 1 , 1973 ) is an American retired professional basketball player . He is a five-time NBA All-Star , a five-time All-NBA Team member , a former NBA Rookie of the Year , and a former number one overall NBA draftee . As a collegiate athlete , he was a first-team All-American and led the Michigan Wolverines ' 1991 incoming freshman class known as the Fab Five that reached the 1992 and 1993 NCAA Men 's Division I Basketball Championship games as freshmen and sophomores . However , Webber was indicted by a federal grand jury and stripped of his All-American honors by the NCAA as a result of his direct involvement in the Ed Martin scandal . He is also a former National High School Basketball Player of the Year who led his high school Detroit Country Day to three Michigan State High School Basketball Championships . He also played middle school basketball at Riverside Middle School at Dearborn Heights , Michigan where he won a city championship there in 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "737478575a3f1e2c871b831ec454d72c",
"text": "Steven Weinstein (ice hockey) For the American professional bridge and poker player , see Steve Weinstein . Steven Weinstein ( born August 13 , 1990 ) is an American professional ice hockey defenseman currently playing for the South Carolina Stingrays of the ECHL .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6ddc45aa767e54b4167fcd6f25bc583b | Ireland is a place on Earth. | [
{
"docid": "2ff771d1869f4934a9972f463fd1626e",
"text": "Ireland Ireland ( -LSB- ˈaɪərlənd -RSB- Éire -LSB- ˈeːɾʲə -RSB- ; Ulster-Scots : Airlann -LSB- - scoˈɑːrlən -RSB- ) is an island in the North Atlantic . It is separated from Great Britain to its east by the North Channel , the Irish Sea , and St George 's Channel . Ireland is the second-largest island of the British Isles , the third-largest in Europe , and the twentieth-largest on Earth . Politically , Ireland is divided between the Republic of Ireland ( officially named Ireland ) , which covers five-sixths of the island , and Northern Ireland , which is part of the United Kingdom , in the northeast of the island . In 2011 , the population of Ireland was about 6.4 million , ranking it the second-most populous island in Europe after Great Britain . Just under 4.6 million live in the Republic of Ireland and just over 1.8 million live in Northern Ireland . The island 's geography comprises relatively low-lying mountains surrounding a central plain , with several navigable rivers extending inland . The island has lush vegetation , a product of its mild but changeable climate which avoids extremes in temperature . Thick woodlands covered the island until the Middle Ages . As of 2013 , the amount of land that is wooded in Ireland is about 11 % of the total , compared with a European average of 35 % . There are twenty-six extant mammal species native to Ireland . The Irish climate is very moderate and classified as oceanic . As a result , winters are milder than expected for such a northerly area . However , summers are cooler than those in Continental Europe . Rainfall and cloud cover are abundant . The earliest evidence of human presence in Ireland is dated at 10,500 BC . Gaelic Ireland had emerged by the 1st century CE . The island was Christianised from the 5th century onward . Following the Norman invasion in the 12th century , England claimed sovereignty over Ireland . However , English rule did not extend over the whole island until the 16th -- 17th century Tudor conquest , which led to colonisation by settlers from Britain . In the 1690s , a system of Protestant English rule was designed to materially disadvantage the Catholic majority and Protestant dissenters , and was extended during the 18th century . With the Acts of Union in 1801 , Ireland became a part of the United Kingdom . A war of independence in the early 20th century was followed by the partition of the island , creating the Irish Free State , which became increasingly sovereign over the following decades , and Northern Ireland , which remained a part of the United Kingdom . Northern Ireland saw much civil unrest from the late 1960s until the 1990s . This subsided following a political agreement in 1998 . In 1973 the Republic of Ireland joined the European Economic Community while the United Kingdom , and Northern Ireland , as part of it , did the same . Irish culture has had a significant influence on other cultures , especially in the fields of literature . Alongside mainstream Western culture , a strong indigenous culture exists , as expressed through Gaelic games , Irish music , and the Irish language . The culture of the island also shares many features with that of Great Britain , including the English language , and sports such as association football , rugby , horse racing , and golf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77733066a7658e6aedc9289686930d89",
"text": "Europe Europe is a continent that comprises the westernmost part of Eurasia . Europe is bordered by the Arctic Ocean to the north , the Atlantic Ocean to the west , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . The eastern boundary with Asia is a historical and cultural construct , as there is no clear physical and geographical separation between them ; Europe is generally considered as separated from Asia by the watershed divides of the Ural and Caucasus Mountains , the Ural River , the Caspian and Black Seas , and the waterways of the Turkish Straits . Yet the non-oceanic borders of Europe -- a concept dating back to classical antiquity -- are arbitrary . The primarily physiographic term `` continent '' as applied to Europe also incorporates cultural and political elements whose discontinuities are not always reflected by the continent 's current overland boundaries . Europe covers about 10,180,000 km2 , or 2 % of the Earth 's surface ( 6.8 % of land area ) . Politically , Europe is divided into about fifty sovereign states of which the Russian Federation is the largest and most populous , spanning 39 % of the continent and comprising 15 % of its population . Europe had a total population of about 740 million ( about 11 % of world population ) . The European climate is largely affected by warm Atlantic currents that temper winters and summers on much of the continent , even at latitudes along which the climate in Asia and North America is severe . Further from the sea , seasonal differences are more noticeable than close to the coast . Europe , in particular ancient Greece , was the birthplace of Western civilization . The fall of the Western Roman Empire , during the migration period , marked the end of ancient history and the beginning of an era known as the Middle Ages . Renaissance humanism , exploration , art , and science led to the modern era . From the Age of Discovery onwards , Europe played a predominant role in global affairs . Between the 16th and 20th centuries , European powers controlled at various times the Americas , most of Africa , Oceania , and the majority of Asia . The Industrial Revolution , which began in Great Britain at the end of the 18th century , gave rise to radical economic , cultural , and social change in Western Europe , and eventually the wider world . Both world wars took place for the most part in Europe , contributing to a decline in Western European dominance in world affairs by the mid-20th century as the Soviet Union and the United States took prominence . During the Cold War , Europe was divided along the Iron Curtain between NATO in the west and the Warsaw Pact in the east , until the revolutions of 1989 and fall of the Berlin Wall . In 1955 , the Council of Europe was formed following a speech by Sir Winston Churchill , with the idea of unifying Europe to achieve common goals . It includes all states except for Belarus , Kazakhstan and Vatican City . Further European integration by some states led to the formation of the European Union , a separate political entity that lies between a confederation and a federation . The EU originated in Western Europe but has been expanding eastward since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 . The currency of most countries of the European Union , the euro , is the most commonly used among Europeans ; and the EU 's Schengen Area abolishes border and immigration controls among most of its member states . The European Anthem is `` Ode to Joy '' and states celebrate peace and unity on Europe Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5104514593f0c5abb7fa4708547a8560",
"text": "Atlantic Ocean The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world 's oceans with a total area of about 106,460,000 km2 . It covers approximately 20 percent of the Earth 's surface and about 29 percent of its water surface area . It separates the `` Old World '' from the `` New World '' . The Atlantic Ocean occupies an elongated , S-shaped basin extending longitudinally between Eurasia and Africa to the east , and the Americas to the west . As one component of the interconnected global ocean , it is connected in the north to the Arctic Ocean , to the Pacific Ocean in the southwest , the Indian Ocean in the southeast , and the Southern Ocean in the south ( other definitions describe the Atlantic as extending southward to Antarctica ) . The Equatorial Counter Current subdivides it into the North Atlantic Ocean and South Atlantic Ocean at about 8 ° N. Scientific explorations of the Atlantic include the Challenger expedition , the German Meteor expedition , Columbia University 's Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the United States Navy Hydrographic Office .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "bfa05c710406bb57747c1370131af931",
"text": "Protohistory of Ireland Ireland can be said to have had a protohistorical period , when , in prehistory , the literate cultures of Greece and Rome began to take notice of it , and a further proto-literate period of ogham epigraphy , before the early historical period began in the 5th century . Attempts have been made to reconstruct the political developments of this period by reference to early medieval Irish genealogical texts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63f445c524898c08120c6a12cbd93df8",
"text": "Irish population analysis The population of the Island of Ireland in 2016 was approximately 6.6 million comprising 4.75 million in the Republic of Ireland with another 1.85 million in Northern Ireland . Although this is a significant growth over recent years , it is still some way below the record high of the early 1840s . Between 1780 and 1840 , Ireland experienced rapid population growth , rising from about 3 million in 1780 to over 8 million by 1840 . In 1841 , the population of the area now covering the Republic of Ireland was over 6.5 million people . The subsequent Great Famine and the emigration it caused had a dramatic effect , so that by 1871 , the 26-county population had dropped by over a third to four million , and by 1926 had reduced further to three million . It held firm around three million until the early 1970s , when the population began to rise again . Future predictions are for the population to continue to rise until 2031 when it is predicted to be just over five million . The Republic of Ireland is one of the few remaining developed economies to have growth of this scale . Below are some statistics to illustrate the rise , fall and rise again of the population since 1841 . The statistics also illustrate a massive population shift from the west to the east of the country and increasing urbanisation . Counties such as Mayo , Roscommon , Donegal and Leitrim have become depopulated while counties surrounding Dublin including Wicklow , Kildare , Louth and Meath have seen rapid population growth in recent years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f20fc9d1bc9644a9470093085bcb4eb5",
"text": "Official Ireland `` Official Ireland '' is a term widely used in the Republic of Ireland to denote The Establishment . It refers to the most powerful figures in the media , the Catholic Church , and the political parties , who control the national debate . It generally denotes support for Irish nationalism , private property , the Catholic Church , the Irish language and rural life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7aab0b77f3f215fcb4bfd7223bde2c4f",
"text": "List of settlements on the island of Ireland by population This is a list of the 25 largest towns and cities on the island of Ireland by population . It therefore includes towns and cities in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland . The population figures listed are for the urban area centered around each settlement excluding areas that fall within the boundary of another town or city . The figures for Northern Ireland towns are based on the 2011 Northern Ireland Census , while the figures for towns in the Republic are based on the 2006 Census of Ireland , and cities in the Republic of Ireland are based on the 2016 Census of Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6b1c4713db668bc14c2ea0b8bc074f7",
"text": "Dublin Airport Dublin Airport , ( Aerfort Bhaile Átha Cliath ) , is an international airport serving Dublin , the capital city of Ireland . It is operated by DAA ( formerly Dublin Airport Authority ) . The airport is located 5.4 nmi north of Dublin in Collinstown , Fingal . In 2016 , 27.9 million passengers passed through the airport , making it the airport 's busiest year on record . It is the 16th busiest airport in Europe , and is also the busiest of the state 's airports by total passenger traffic . It has the greatest traffic levels on the island of Ireland , followed by Belfast International Airport , County Antrim . The airport has an extensive short and medium haul network , served by an array of carriers , as well as some intercontinental routes focused in the Middle East and North America . It serves as the headquarters of Ireland 's flag carrier -- Aer Lingus , regional airline Stobart Air , Europe 's largest low-cost carrier -- Ryanair , and ASL Airlines Ireland , together with another two airlines , CityJet and Norwegian Air International . United States border preclearance services are available at the airport for U.S.-bound passengers . Shannon Airport is the only other airport in Europe to offer this facility .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99c53ebee82e3d775e7eff0df185d50e",
"text": "Message to the Free Nations of the World In 1919 the First Dáil of the Irish Republic issued a Message to the Free Nations of the World ( Scéal ó Dháil Éireann chum Saor-Náisiún an Domhain , Appel aux Nations ) . The message was approved by Dáil Éireann on 21 January 1919 . It asked nations to recognise Ireland as a separate nation , free from British rule . It was adopted in three languages : Irish , English and French . Little attention was paid to it by the free nations as World War I was ending . An Armistice had been signed , but the war technically ended with the Treaty of Versailles which was signed in June 1919 . Britain assured its fellow-victors that the situation in Ireland would be dealt with under the new principles of self-determination , and so significant Irish support in America was negated by President Wilson who would not recognise the sovereignty of the Irish Republic . The British solution was enacted in 1920 as the Government of Ireland Act 1920 . The Irish Republic was not recognised by any other state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1361dc9a8eb09232596a04de06217bf",
"text": "List of Irish counties by population This is a list of counties of Ireland ordered by population . Counties in the Republic of Ireland are shown in normal type , while those in Northern Ireland are listed in italic type . Non-traditional administrative counties are indicated by a cream-coloured background . For a more detailed analysis of current and historical Irish populations in the Republic of Ireland , see Irish population analysis . The population of the six counties of Northern Ireland as of 2011 is 1,810,863 which would mean a total population on the island of Ireland as of 2016 of approximately 6,568,839 Data source/age ( as-of July 2016 ) : Taken from latest Census Data for Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland . Population data for counties in the Republic of Ireland is based on preliminary data from census 2016 . Population data for counties in Northern Ireland is based on census 2011 . The previous census for the Republic of Ireland was taken in 2011 , the previous census for Northern Ireland was taken in 2001 . Density : Based on census 2016 -RCB- 5.7 % | - | align = right | 2 | Antrim | align = right | 618,108 | align = right | 202.9 | Ulster | 1.8 % | - | align = right | 3 | Cork | align = right | 542,196 | align = right | 72.3 | Munster | 4.5 % | - | align = right | 4 | Down | align = right | 531,665 | align = right | 215.6 | Ulster | 8.7 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | Fingal | align = right | 296,214 | align = right | 651.6 | Leinster | 8.1 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | South Dublin | align = right | 278,749 | align = right | 1,251.5 | Leinster | 5.1 % | - | align = right | 5 | Galway | align = right | 258,552 | align = right | 42.0 | Connacht | 3.2 % | - | align = right | 6 | Londonderry | align = right | 247,132 | align = right | 119.1 | Ulster | 4.8 % | - | align = right | 7 | Kildare | align = right | 222,130 | align = right | 131.0 | Leinster | 5.6 % | - style = `` background : #f 5f5d3 ; '' | align = right | - | Dún Laoghaire -- Rathdown | align = right | 217,274 | align = right | 1,706.7 | Leinster | 5.3 % | - | align = right | 8 | Limerick | align = right | 195,175 | align = right | 70.8 | Munster | 1.8 % | - | align = right | 9 | Meath | align = right | 194,942 | align = right | 83.2 | Leinster | 5.9 % | - | align = right | 10 | Tyrone | align = right | 179,000 | align = right | 54.5 | Ulster | 8.4 % | - | align = right | 11 | Armagh | align = right | 174,792 | align = right | 131.8 | Ulster | 7.3 % | - | align = right | 12 | Tipperary | align = right | 160,441 | align = right | 37.2 | Munster | 1.1 % | - | align = right | 13 | Donegal | align = right | 158,755 | align = right | 32.6 | Ulster | -1.5 % | - | align = right | 14 | Wexford | align = right | 149,605 | align = right | 63.2 | Leinster | 2.9 % | - | align = right | 15 | Kerry | align = right | 147,554 | align = right | 30.7 | Munster | 1.4 % | - | align = right | 16 | Wicklow | align = right | 142,332 | align = right | 70.2 | Leinster | 4.2 % | - | align = right | 17 | Mayo | align = right | 130,425 | align = right | 23.3 | Connacht | -0.2 % | - | align = right | 18 | Louth | align = right | 128,375 | align = right | 155.4 | Leinster | 4.5 % | - | align = right | 19 | Clare | align = right | 118,627 | align = right | 34.4 | Munster | 1.2 % | - | align = right | 20 | Waterford | align = right | 116,401 | align = right | 62.7 | Munster | 2.3 % | - | align = right | 21 | Kilkenny | align = right | 99,118 | align = right | 47.8 | Leinster | 3.9 % | - | align = right | 22 | Westmeath | align = right | 88,396 | align = right | 48.0 | Leinster | 2.6 % | - | align = right | 23 | Laois | align = right | 84,732 | align = right | 49.3 | Leinster | 5.2 % | - | align = right | 24 | Offaly | align = right | 78,003 | align = right | 38.9 | Leinster | 1.7 % | - | align = right | 25 | Cavan | align = right | 76,092 | align = right | 39.3 | Ulster | 4.0 % | - | align = right | 26 | Sligo | align = right | 65,357 | align = right | 35.5 | Connacht | -0.1 % | - | align = right | 27 | Roscommon | align = right | 64,436 | align = right | 25.3 | Connacht | 0.6 % | - | align = right | 28 | Fermanagh | align = right | 61,170 | align = right | 36.1 | Ulster | 6.3 % | - | align = right | 29 | Monaghan | align = right | 61,273 | align = right | 47.3 | Ulster | 1.3 % | - | align = right | 30 | Carlow | align = right | 56,875 | align = right | 63.4 | Leinster | 4.1 % | - | align = right | 31 | Longford | align = right | 40,810 | align = right | 37.4 | Leinster | 4.6 % | - | align = right | 32 | Leitrim | align = right | 31,972 | align = right | 20.1 | Connacht | 0.5 % | - | align = right | | Average | align = right | 205,276 | align = right | | | | - | Total | Ireland | align = right | 6,568,839 | align = right | 77.8 | | | -RCB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0dd99727fad6d40d9161eadcb635adc1",
"text": "Cicolluis Cicolluis or Cicoluis ( also known as Cicollus , Cicolus , Cicollui , and Cichol ) is a god in Celtic mythology worshiped by the ancient Gaulish peoples and having a parallel in Ireland . The name is Gaulish and means `` All-Breast '' or `` Great-Breasted '' and is probably used to signify strength . In the Gallo-Roman religion , Cicolluis is thought to be a common epithet for Gaulish Mars . A Latin dedicatory inscription from Narbonne ( which was in the far south of Gaul ) , France , bears the words MARTI CICOLLUI ET LITAVI ( `` Mars Cicolluis and Litavis '' ) . , `` Mars Cicolluis '' has dedications in Xanten , Germany , and Aignay-le-Duc ( where his consort is given as Litavis ) and Mâlain ( where his consorts are given as Litavis and Bellona , Roman goddess and personification of war ) of the Côte-d'Or , France . `` Cicolluis '' is named alone ( not as an epithet of Mars ) in an inscription at Chassey , Côte-d'Or , Franche-Comté , France , and a partial inscription from Ruffey-lès-Echirey , Côte-d'Or , France , may be dedicated to Cicolluis . In Windisch , Switzerland , he is known as `` Cicollus , '' and in Dijon , Côte-d'Or , France , he is known as `` Mars Cicoluis . '' Cicolluis may also be compared to Cichol or Cíocal Gricenchos , the earliest-mentioned leader of the Fomorians or Fomóiri ( the semi-divine initial inhabitants of Ireland ) in Irish mythology . According to the seventeenth-century Irish historian Seathrún Céitinn ( also known by the English name Geoffrey Keating ) , Cichol arrived in Ireland with fifty men and fifty women on six boats a hundred years after the Flood . There , his people lived on fish and fowl for two hundred years until Partholón and his people ( who brought the plough and oxen ) invaded and defeated the Fomorians in the Battle of Magh Ithe . Cicolluis 's name is most likely derived from the reconstructed proto-Celtic roots * k-kƒ ( `` breast , '' but also yields the insular Celtic words for `` meat , '' such as Irish cich -LSB- `` flesh '' -RSB- ) , Welsh cig -LSB- `` meat/flesh '' -RSB- and * olyo - ( `` all , '' `` whole , '' or `` every '' ) ; this leads to the translation `` All-Breast '' or `` Great-Breasted . '' This likely epithet for strength might relate with Cichol as leader of the Fomorians . Therefore , Cicolluis may have been identified with the warrior aspect of Roman Mars and may have been a protective deity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "513151d4a8c8255a0c7a11a2bfc6329e",
"text": "Canada–Ireland relations Canada -- Ireland relations are those between Canada and Republic of Ireland . Canada and Ireland enjoy friendly relations , the importance of which centres on the history of Irish migration to Canada and the two countries ' shared history as parts of the British Empire . Approximately 4.5 million Canadians claimed to have Irish ancestors ( approximately 14 % of Canada 's population ) . Both nations are mutual members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development , United Nations and the World Trade Organization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c",
"text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7319044f715d7a7258f5a1c6a08cb8d5",
"text": "Irish Americans Irish Americans ( Gael-Mheiriceánaigh ) are an ethnic group comprising Americans who have full or partial ancestry from Ireland , especially those who identify with that ancestry , along with their cultural characteristics . About 33.3 million Americans -- 10.5 % of the total population -- reported Irish ancestry in the 2013 American Community Survey conducted by the U.S. Census Bureau . This compares with a population of 6.4 million on the island of Ireland . Three million people separately identified as Scots-Irish , whose ancestors were Ulster Scots who emigrated from Ireland to the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3e40c56ebe912298cfcecda0b38d172",
"text": "Owey Island Owey Island is an island of the Atlantic Ocean belonging to County Donegal , Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84ce5806b1c112e7c09c8afb69c4d349",
"text": "Mag Mell In Irish mythology , Mag Mell ( modern spelling : Magh Meall , meaning `` plain of joy '' ) was a mythical realm achievable through death and/or glory . Unlike the underworld in some mythologies , Mag Mell was a pleasurable paradise , identified as either an island far to the west of Ireland or a kingdom beneath the ocean . However , Mag Mell was similar to the fields of Elysium in Greek mythology , and like the fields of Elysium , was accessible only to a select few . Furthermore , Mag Mell , like the numerous other mystical islands said to be off the coast of Ireland , was never explicitly stated in any surviving mythological account to be an afterlife . Rather , it is usually portrayed as a paradisal location populated by deities , which is occasionally visited by some adventurous mortals . In its island guise it was visited by various Irish heroes and monks forming the basis of the Adventure Myth or `` echtrae '' as defined by Myles Dillon in his book Early Irish Literature . This otherworld is a place where sickness and death do not exist . It is a place of eternal youth and beauty . Here , music , strength , life and all pleasurable pursuits come together in a single place . Here happiness lasts forever , no one wants for food or drink . It is the Irish equivalent of the Greek Elysium or the Valhalla of the Norse . Legends say its ruler is the Fomorian King Tethra , or more frequently Manannan mac Lir . Mag Mell 's allure extended from the pagan era to Christian times . In later stories , the realm is less an afterlife destination than an Earthly Paradise which adventurers could reach by traveling west from Ireland , often blown off course by providential tempests while on an inspired mission . They typically explore many other fantastic islands before reaching their destination and returning home ( or sailing on ) . Among these voyagers are St. Brendan , Bran mac Febal ( see The Voyage of Bran ) , and Mael Dúin . Irish monks , being celebrated sailors , doubtless inspired such stories and were inspired by them . They reached and colonized any number of faraway islands , and St. Brendan is even speculated to have reached the New World a thousand years before Columbus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b2483a01841e6e766b96f874922e31d",
"text": "List of places in Ireland This is a list of places in Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "096fede1050a2d4d26a7fe6083abcd0c",
"text": "Met Éireann Met Éireann ( -LSB- mʲɛtʲ ˈeːrʲən̪ˠ -RSB- , meaning `` Met of Ireland '' ) is the national meteorological service in Ireland , part of the Department of Housing , Planning , Community and Local Government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "326c38fc966b79faa41c8aff1f61e39d",
"text": "Ireland's Eye Ireland 's Eye is a small uninhabited island off the coast of County Dublin , Ireland , situated directly north of Howth Harbour . The island is easily reached by regular tourist boats . The island is currently part of the county of Fingal , for administrative purposes , but was at one time part of the city of Dublin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9532bb251dbcb30f22ae6bfaaa00c3f1",
"text": "Loígis Loígis -LSB- ˈloiɣʲisʲ -RSB- was a kingdom in medieval Ireland that existed into the 16th century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61206b764e1fe69db4c006e2524750cf",
"text": "The Ireland That We Dreamed Of `` On Language & the Irish Nation '' , was the title of a radio address made by Éamon de Valera , then Taoiseach of Ireland , on Raidió Éireann on St. Patrick 's Day ( 17 March ) 1943 . It is often called The Ireland that we dreamed of , a phrase which is used within it , or the `` comely maidens '' ' speech , a misquotation . The speech marked the 50th anniversary of the foundation of the Gaelic League ( Conradh na Gaeilge ) , a group promoting Irish culture and the Irish language . In the most frequently quoted passage of the speech , de Valera set out his vision of an ideal Ireland : De Valera had made an annual radio speech on St Patrick 's Day since coming to power after the 1932 election . At the time the 1943 speech was made , the Second World War was raging and the threat of German invasion ( Operation Green ) or British re-occupation ( Plan W ) was very real . The 1943 speech in later years has been critiqued and often derided as archetypal of de Valera 's traditionalist view of an isolationist , agricultural land where women held a traditional role . The phrase most commonly cited in this regard is the misquotation `` comely maidens dancing at the crossroads '' . The speech in fact made no mention of crossroads dances , a rural tradition then dying out . Although de Valera actually said `` happy maidens '' in the broadcast , the phrase was `` comely maidens '' in the prepared text sent in advance to the newspapers , printed in the following day 's Irish Press , and reprinted in Maurice Moynihan 's 1980 anthology . It was a double LP record of speeches from the RTÉ archives , released in 1982 on the centenary of his birth , which brought the correct wording back to public notice . In 2007 , J. J. Lee and Diarmaid Ferriter argued for a reappraisal of the speech in the light of the Celtic Tiger consumption bubble and the Moriarty Tribunal revelations of corruption by 1980s Taoiseach Charles Haughey . Lee suggested de Valera 's `` Victorian language '' gave his vision an antiquated tone that hid the continuing relevance of much of its vision . Ferriter called it `` the most famous broadcast by any Irish politician of the twentieth century '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "616762acc57d4145284dfdb37fc1b022",
"text": "Demographics of Sri Lanka This article is about the demographic features of the population of Sri Lanka , including population density , ethnicity , education level , health of the populace , economic status , religious affiliations and other aspects of the population . Sri Lanka is an island in the Indian Ocean also called Ceylon and many other names . It is about the size of Ireland . It is about 28 kilometres ( 18 mi . ) off the south-eastern coast of India with a population of about 20 million . Density is highest in the south west where Colombo , the country 's main port and industrial center , is located . The net population growth is about 0.7 % . Sri Lanka is ethnically , linguistically , and religiously diverse .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
523f159b024ddceca3fd7dd0cf6793a6 | G-Dragon is North Korean. | [
{
"docid": "feceb56b7c9bb419d5a28a375e08d072",
"text": "G-Dragon Kwon Ji-yong ( ; born August 18 , 1988 ) , better known by his stage name G-Dragon , is a South Korean rapper , singer-songwriter , record producer , and fashion icon . After six years as a trainee under the record label YG Entertainment , G-Dragon rose to fame in the mid-2000s as one of two rappers in the South Korean hip hop boy band Big Bang . Despite initial lukewarm receptions , the group became one of the best-selling digital group of all-time in Asia and one of the best-selling boy bands in the world . G-Dragon debuted as a solo artist with the release of Heartbreaker in 2009 . The album was a commercial success and earned the Mnet Asian Music Awards for Album of the Year , while the single of the same name became a number-one hit . G-Dragon later formed a duo with fellow Big Bang member T.O.P to record and release the album GD & TOP ( 2010 ) , which contained the top-five hits `` High High '' , `` Oh Yeah '' , and `` Knock Out '' on the Gaon Digital Chart , while the album peaked at number-one . His first EP One of a Kind ( 2012 ) was critically acclaimed and yielded `` One of a Kind '' , `` Crayon '' , and the number-one `` That XX '' , earning Record of the Year at the 22nd Seoul Music Awards . The EP became the highest-selling album by a Korean soloist since his own Heartbreaker . In 2013 , he embarked on his first worldwide tour as a solo artist , which included a four-dome tour in Japan , making him the first Korean soloist to do a dome tour . G-Dragon was awarded Artist of the Year at the 15th Mnet Asian Music Awards following the success of his second studio album Coup d'Etat ( 2013 ) , in addition to the awards of World 's Best Entertainer and World 's Best Album at the 2014 World Music Awards . Recognized as one of the most influential leaders in music and fashion in his country and labelled as an `` K-pop icon '' , G-Dragon was named by Forbes the most influential person under 30 in Asia 's entertainment and sports . Producing not only for his band but also for his and his bandmates ' solo releases , G-Dragon has written 22 number one songs .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7ba7cc5c2c5ef80c6b3e2e5128abd947",
"text": "Kwang-hyok Kwang-hyok , also spelled Gwang-hyeok , is a Korean masculine given name . Its meaning differs based on the hanja used to write each syllable of the name . There are 13 hanja with the reading `` kwang '' and nine hanja with the reading `` hyok '' on the South Korean government 's official list of hanja which may be registered for use in given names . People with this name include : Kim Kwang-hyok ( born 1985 ) , North Korean football player Ri Kwang-hyok ( born 1987 ) , North Korean football player Kim Kwang-hyok ( athlete ) ( born 1988 ) , North Korean long distance runner Lee Gwang-hyeok ( born 1995 ) , South Korean football midfielder ( K-League )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d89fd16ea9c2ed9711f13aebc855dc21",
"text": "Death and state funeral of Kim Jong-il The death of Kim Jong-il was reported by North Korean state television news on 19 December 2011 . The presenter Ri Chun-hee announced that he had died on 17 December at 8:30 am of a massive heart attack while travelling by train to an area outside Pyongyang . Reportedly , he had received medical treatment for cardiac and cerebrovascular diseases . During the trip though , he was said to have had an advanced acute myocardial infarction , complicated with a serious heart shock . However , it was reported by South Korean media in December 2012 that he had died in a fit of rage over construction faults at a crucial power plant project . His son Kim Jong-un was announced as North Korea 's next leader with the title of `` The Great Successor '' during the same newscast . Jong-il 's funeral was held on 28 December in Pyongyang , with a mourning period lasting until the following day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19c269d5f2dae4a695ff8383dec7436c",
"text": "Chasu Ch ` asu ( 차수 , hanja 次帥 ) is a superior military rank of North Korea , often translated as vice-marshal . The rank is senior to that of daejang ( general ) and junior to that of wonsu ( marshal ) . The rank is seldom bestowed upon the professional military , and appears to be rather a combined political-military position . The insignia for a chasu is superimposing a North Korean national crest upon a marshal 's insignia star in the shoulder epaulette . Formerly , insignia for such rank holders was the emblem of North Korea until the present insignia was released in 1985 . The rank is often transliterated as ch ` asu , showing the difference with the Korean word for embroidery , usually transliterated as chasu ( : wikt : 자수 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6864461c9e9ea0ea0ba9ae0a4ff9202",
"text": "North Korea–Norway relations North Korea -- Norway relations refers to the current and historical relationship between Norway and the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( DPRK ) , commonly known as North Korea . Neither country maintains an embassy in the other , although North Korea formerly had an embassy in the Norwegian capital Oslo . The Norwegian ambassador in Seoul is also accredited to North Korea , as is the North Korean one in Stockholm to Norway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a432142754f9325faadc372567211037",
"text": "Glorantha Glorantha is a fantasy world created by Greg Stafford . It was first introduced in the board game White Bear and Red Moon ( 1975 ) by Chaosium , and thereafter in a number of other board , roleplaying and computer games , including RuneQuest and HeroQuest , as well as several works of fiction and the computer strategy game King of Dragon Pass . The Gloranthan world is characterised by its complex use of mythology , heavily influenced by the universalist approaches of Joseph Campbell and Mircea Eliade , its Howardian ethos , its long and distinctive history as a setting for role-playing games , its community development and expansion , and ( unusual among early American fantasy role-playing games ) its relative lack of Tolkienesque influence . Stafford began imagining Glorantha in 1966 as a way to deepen his own understanding of mythology . He founded the company Chaosium to publish the board wargame White Bear and Red Moon in 1974 ( other sources say 1975 ) , which was set in Glorantha . Chaosium later published other games in the setting , including the critically acclaimed RuneQuest . Various later editions of RuneQuest , the narrative role-playing game HeroQuest ( the first edition of which was published as Hero Wars ) , and the video game King of Dragon Pass were also set in Glorantha , as were several prominent fan efforts . Stafford has also explored the Gloranthan setting in the fantasy novel King of Sartar and a number of unfinished works published under the collective name of `` the Stafford Library '' . In Glorantha , magic operates from the everyday level of prayers and charms to the creation and maintenance of the world . Heroes make their way in the world , and may also venture into metaphysical realms to gain knowledge and power , at the risk of body and soul . In the more recent material competing magical outlooks , such as theism , shamanism and mysticism , exist to explain the world . Within each metaphysical system , adherents may also compete - such as when theistic worshipers of rival gods battle each other . The world is flat , with a dome-like sky , and it has been shaped in large and small ways by the mythic actions of the gods . The ` historical ' world of Glorantha is in a more or less fallen state , having recovered only partially from a universal battle against Chaos in the mythic Godtime . Humans are the dominant race , but other sentient beings abound . Some , such as the mystic dragonewts , are unique to Glorantha . Familiar nonhuman races , such as elves and dwarves , are distinct from their common , Tolkienesque portrayals .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bc82cc3205738c404cbb04adefef639",
"text": "Frente Tricolor The official Suwon Samsung Bluewings supporters group is called FRENTE TRICOLOR . In the late 1995 , the `` GRAND BLEU '' was organised as the supporter club of the Bluewings . Originally , the name of the supporters club was `` CyberWings '' , but it changed its name to the current name a few years later . With their two general mottos , The First & The Best and 우리가 가면 길이 된다 ( English : Our path becomes the true path ) , the GRAND BLEU has now grown as the largest and the most influential supporters ' groups in the K-League . The FRENTE TRICOLOR website claims that there are more than 30,000 members who has been registered to the website by 2008 , and about 3,000 to 6,000 supporters visit the Big Bird 's North side regularly in almost every matches , with the exception of boycotts which only happened in early 2006 . The GRAND BLEU sometimes show performances in matches using various equipments such as flares , smoke bombs , flags and card displays . The famous Red Devils , Korea Republic national football team supporters club also started with a lot of its members from the GRAND BLEU . One of the most popular chants of the Red Devils , the `` Daehan Minguk '' chant , was from the GRAND BLEU chant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "49d0e354313509350a24bad3019d3c3e",
"text": "Korea General Machinery Trading Corporation The Korea General Machinery Trading Corporation is a North Korean machine company . It is headquartered in the Tongdaewon District near the capital , Pyongyang . The company imports steel , chemical raw stock , and machine tools . It produces machine tools , metal parts , gears , electric motors , generators , hydroelectric generators , pumps , valves , mining equipment , rolling stock and other machinery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0472cce56c5e00e09840ad17829bbcd6",
"text": "National Defence Commission The National Defence Commission of the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( NDC ) was defined by the 1998 constitution as `` the highest guiding organ of the military and the managing organ of military matters '' . The Chairman of the National Defence Commission controls the armed forces and , in this state where the military dominated , was the most powerful position in the country and was held by Kim Jong-il up until his death . Per the 2016 Constitution , the commission was replaced by the State Affairs Commission .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d525264d7596a2c48f682207b66a26ff",
"text": "Goyang Goyang ( Goyang-si ; -LSB- ko.jaŋ -RSB- ) is a city in Gyeonggi-do in the north of South Korea . It is part of the Seoul Capital Area , making Goyang one of Seoul 's satellite cities . It is one of the largest cities in the Seoul Capital Area , with a population of just over 1 million . The city is the site of the Ilsan New Town , a planned city surrounding the Ilsandong-gu and Ilsanseo-gu districts of Goyang . Several institutions of higher learning are located in Goyang . These include Agricultural Cooperative College , Korea Aerospace University , and Transnational Law and Business University . In sports , the city was home to the K League Challenge football team Goyang Zaicro FC until its disbandment in 2016 . The Challengers League football team Goyang Citizen FC and the Korean Basketball League team Goyang Orion Orions are based in the city .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efba722d112828808f43048049571dc6",
"text": "2006 North Korean missile test Two rounds of North Korean missile tests were conducted on July 5 , 2006 . The Democratic People 's Republic of Korea ( DPRK or North Korea ) reportedly fired at least seven separate missiles . These included one long-range Taepodong-2 missile and short-range Scud derived missiles including the enlarged Nodong missile . The Taepodong-2 was estimated by United States intelligence agencies as having a potential range reaching as far as Alaska , the missile reached a distance of about 250 miles from northern California . North Korea made its first public acknowledgement of the tests on July 6 , through its foreign ministry , describing them as `` successful '' and part of `` regular military drills to strengthen self-defense , '' insisting that it had the legal right to do so . The country warned of `` stronger physical actions '' if it were put under pressure by the international community . On July 8 , CNN reported that the U.S. had deployed the USS Mustin , a guided missile destroyer , to the Japanese port of Yokosuka , home of the U.S. Navy 's Seventh Fleet . A spokeswoman said that the deployment was not related to the test-firings , and it had been previously planned .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dfa36a875c5605dde0a4d6cfadb1779e",
"text": "Songun Songun is the `` military first '' policy of North Korea , prioritizing the Korean People 's Army in the affairs of state and allocation of resources . `` Military first '' as a principle guides political and economic life in North Korea , with `` military-first politics '' dominating the political system ; `` a line of military-first economic construction '' acting as an economic system ; and `` military-first ideology '' serving as the guiding ideology . Songun elevates the Korean People 's Army within North Korea as an organization and as a state function , granting it the primary position in the North Korean government and society . It guides domestic policy and international interactions . It is the framework for the government , designating the military as the `` supreme repository of power '' . The North Korean government grants the Korean People 's Army the highest economic and resource-allocation priority and positions it as the model for society to emulate . Songun is also the ideological concept behind a shift in policies since 1994 which emphasize the people 's military over all other aspects of state and society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c5a7ddad2b3da1f4878dd522f6715a5",
"text": "Goguryeo Goguryeo ( ; -LSB- ko.ɡu.ɾjʌ -RSB- , 37 BCE -- 668 CE ) , originally named Goryeo ( ; -LSB- ko.ɾjʌ -RSB- ) , was a Korean kingdom located in the northern and central parts of the Korean Peninsula and the southern and central parts of inner and outer Manchuria . Goguryeo was an active participant in the power struggle for control of the Korean peninsula and was also associated with the foreign affairs of neighboring polities in China and Japan . The Samguk Sagi , a 12th-century text from Goryeo , indicates that Goguryeo was founded in 37 BCE by Jumong , a prince from Buyeo , who was enthroned as Dongmyeong . There is archaeological and textual evidence from Chinese geographic monographs that suggests that Goguryeo may have been in existence since the second century BCE around the fall of Gojoseon , an earlier kingdom which also occupied southern Manchuria and the northern Korean Peninsula . Goguryeo was a powerful empire and one of the great powers in East Asia , until it was defeated by a Silla -- Tang alliance in 668 after prolonged exhaustion and internal strife caused by the death of Yeon Gaesomun . After its fall , its territory was divided among the states of Later Silla , Balhae and Tang China . The name Goryeo , a shortened form of Goguryeo , was adopted as the official name in the 5th century , and is the origin of the English name `` Korea '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b65b868a7dfd9aff50d6c923a76d9bb4",
"text": "Dragon Computer & Communication Dragon Computer & Communication , widely known as Dragon in Indonesia , is the first and biggest hardware distribution company in Indonesia . Dragon is located on Jakarta , Java , Indonesia . Some of notable brand that is distributed under Dragon flag in Indonesia include , but not limited to , ACER , ASUS , Inktec , Elevo , Lite-ON and Edimax .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c8a3097e8fe5a50546ad23deb472f53",
"text": "Timeline of the Gwangmu Reform The following is a timeline of the Gwangmu Reform , which was a reforms for modernize Korea from the late 19th century to the early 20th century . Although many people have the notion that this period was marked with the fight for power between Heungseon Daewongun ( 흥선대원군 , 興宣大院君 - King Gojong 's father ) and Queen Min ( King Gojong 's wife ) , it was rather the era of great changes relevant to modernisation after the harsh oppressive years during the `` Regency '' of King Gojong 's father . This reform also was one of the most successful for modernising in a short period of time during Korean history . Although the reform was mostly centred on the time period after the proclamation of the Korean Empire , it includes a number of other previous events that are closely related to the reform .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed704d74b7af828037a8fe05f3eb3c33",
"text": "Guro District, Seoul Guro District ( Guro-gu ) is a district of Seoul , South Korea , which was separated from Yeongdeungpo District on April 1 , 1980 . Located in the southwestern part of the city , where besides Yangcheon District and Geumcheon District Guro District has an important position as a transport link which contains railroads , land routes from the rest of Seoul to the south of the country . The Gyeongbu and Gyeongin railway lines connect Seoul to Busan and Incheon . In addition , Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines 1 , 2 , and 7 , and major highways intersect in Guro District . The name Guro originates from the legend that nine ( gu ) old men ( Korean : ro ) enjoyed longevity in the district . A digital industrial complex is located in Guro District . The Guro Digital Industrial Complex , which played a leading industrial role mainly with textile manufacturing , dressmaking and other labour-intensive industries in 1967 , has been rapidly changed into an IT industrial complex . This complex played a pivotal role in the economic growth of the South Korea 's development era , referred to as the `` Miracle on the Han River '' , and also contributed 10 percent of national export in the 1970s . Twenty-one percent of the total area of Guro District is a restricted zone to be used as a greenbelt with the only arboretum in Seoul . The zone is changing into a lively district as large labour-intensive factories are moving from the area and the council is developing what it terms its four zones . An `` e-government '' system based on this hosted the international e-participation forum on February 7 -- 9 , 2007 , with the participation of more than thirty-seven countries . The forum was launched with the theme `` Promoting Democracy and Regional Development '' and twenty-five mayors including André Santini ( Issy-les-Moulineaux , France ) , Kevin Foy ( Chapel Hill , US ) , Apirak Kosayothin ( Bangkok , Thailand ) , Uvais Mohamed Emthiyas ( Colombo , Sri Lanka ) , and world experts such as Dr William H. Dutton ( Director of Oxford Internet Institute at the University of Oxford , UK ) and Dr Ari-Veiko Anttiroiko ( professor at the University of Tampere , Finland ) participated in the forum . The Guro Declaration , adopted during the forum , aims to set up a portal site for e-government development and to establish a concrete project in order to bridge the digital divide among the world 's cities . This practice has been recognised for providing a new important step in the development of e-democracy . The e-participation forum was a key factor for Guro to play the leading role in bridging the digital divide among cities , to provide I.T. enterprises located in Guro Digital Industrial Complex the opportunity to launch into the international market , to improve its image and become a global leader to concrete e-democracy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1afa0588d3c5eb7a6a106082164a7521",
"text": "MiG Alley `` MiG Alley '' was the name given by United Nations ( UN ) pilots to the northwestern portion of North Korea , where the Yalu River empties into the Yellow Sea . During the Korean War , it was the site of numerous dogfights between UN fighter pilots and their opponents from North Korea ( including some unofficially crewed by Soviet airmen ) and the People 's Republic of China . Soviet-built Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 were the aircraft used during most of the conflict , and the area 's nickname was derived from them . It was the site of the first large-scale jet-vs-jet air battles , with the North American F-86 Sabre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d3ff9f3bf8e815a78f23fdc96b28368",
"text": "Niliria `` Niliria '' is a song by K-pop musician G-Dragon , featuring American recording artist Missy Elliott from G-Dragon 's second studio album , Coup d'Etat ( 2013 ) . To date , it remains as one of the six songs from the album to enter the top ten on South Korea 's Gaon Singles Chart . On 2 December 2013 , the song ranked number 32 on Complex 's The 50 Best Songs of 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1ba8a7145bc2428a80c1d873626125c",
"text": "Cho Ki-chon Cho Ki-chon ( 조기천 6 November 1913 -- 31 July 1951 ) was a Russian-born North Korean poet . He is regarded as `` a founding father of North Korean poetry '' whose distinct Soviet-influenced style of lyrical epic poetry in the socialist realist genre became an important feature of North Korean literature . He was nicknamed `` Korea 's Mayakovsky '' after the writer whose works had had an influence on him and which implied his breaking from the literature of the old society and his commitment to communist values . After a remark made by Kim Jong-il on his 2001 visit to Russia , North Korean media has referred to Cho as the `` Pushkin of Korea '' . Cho was dispatched by the Soviet authorities to liberated Korea when the Red Army entered in 1945 . By that time , he had substantial experience with Soviet literature and literature administration . The Soviets hoped that Cho would shape the cultural institutions of the new state based on the Soviet model . For the Soviets , the move was successful and Cho did not only that but also significantly developed socialist realism as it would become the driving force of North Korean literature and arts . Cho offered some of the earliest contributions to Kim Il-sung 's cult of personality . His most famous work is Mt. Paektu ( 1947 ) , a lyrical epic praising Kim Il-sung 's guerrilla activities and promoting him as a suitable leader for the new North Korean state . Other notable works by Cho include , a seemingly non-political love poem which was later adapted as a popular song that is known in both North and South Korea . During the Korean War , Cho wrote wartime propaganda poems . He died during the war in an American bombing raid . He and his works are still renowned in North Korean society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "374744e300e2ece34feb5e3e022eb03b",
"text": "North Korea–Serbia relations The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia and the Democratic People 's Republic of Korea had established diplomatic relations on October 30 , 1948 . Relations had been very close during the time of Josip Broz Tito and Kim Il-sung . Both leaders had taken a neutral stance during the Sino-Soviet split and maintained friendly relations with both the Soviet Union and China . Both Serbia and North Korea are members of the Non-Aligned Movement . Yugoslavia , of which Serbia was a part , was one of the movement 's founding members . Both countries closed their embassies in each other 's capitals in October and November 2001 , respectively , for financial reasons . Nevertheless , they continue to enjoy a close relationship . The Serbian Embassy to North Korea is accredited from Beijing , China , and the North Korean embassy to Serbia is accredited from Sofia , Bulgaria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29f0a580869233ac2b732776eb3cf7a5",
"text": "Foreign Languages Publishing House The Foreign Languages Publishing House is the central North Korean publishing bureau of foreign-language documents , located in the Potonggang-guyok of Pyongyang , North Korea . It employs a small group of foreigners to revise translations of North Korean texts so as to make those texts suitable for foreign-language publication . Foreign Languages Publishing House maintains the Naenara web portal . Foreign Languages Publishing House has a sports team in the Paektusan Prize civil servants games .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
df50efa93f59a2598f0407276dd225bf | Spain is non-contiguous with Morocco. | [
{
"docid": "74ce27f02c5a721e71e6f96c79009581",
"text": "Spain Spain ( España -LSB- esˈpaɲa -RSB- ) , officially the Kingdom of Spain ( -LSB- Reino de España , links = no -RSB- ) , is a sovereign state located on the Iberian Peninsula in southwestern Europe , with two large archipelagoes , the Balearic Islands in the Mediterranean Sea and the Canary Islands off the North African Atlantic coast , two cities Ceuta and Melilla in the North African mainland and several small islands in the Alboran Sea near the Moroccan coast . Its mainland is bordered to the south and east by the Mediterranean Sea except for a small land boundary with Gibraltar ; to the north and northeast by France , Andorra , and the Bay of Biscay ; and to the west and northwest by Portugal and the Atlantic Ocean . It is the only European country to have a border with an African country ( Morocco ) and its African territory accounts for nearly 5 % of its population , mostly in the Canary Islands but also in Ceuta and Melilla . With an area of 505990 km2 , Spain is the largest country in Southern Europe , the second largest country in Western Europe and the European Union , and the fourth largest country in the European continent . By population , Spain is the sixth largest in Europe and the fifth in the European Union . Spain 's capital and largest city is Madrid ; other major urban areas include Barcelona , Valencia , Seville , Bilbao and Málaga . Modern humans first arrived in the Iberian Peninsula around 35,000 years ago . Iberian cultures along with ancient Phoenician , Greek and Carthaginian settlements developed on the peninsula until it came under Roman rule around 200 BCE , after which the region was named Hispania , based on the earlier Phoenician name Span or Spania . In the Middle Ages , the area was conquered by Germanic tribes and later by the Moors . Spain emerged as a unified country in the 15th century , following the marriage of the Catholic Monarchs and the completion of the eight centuries-long reconquest , or Reconquista from the Moors in 1492 . In the early modern period , Spain became one of history 's first global colonial empires , leaving a vast cultural and linguistic legacy that includes over 500 million Spanish speakers , making Spanish the world 's second most spoken first language , after Mandarin Chinese . Spain is a democracy organised in the form of a parliamentary government under a constitutional monarchy . It is a middle power and a major developed country with the world 's fourteenth largest economy by nominal GDP and sixteenth largest by purchasing power parity . It is a member of the United Nations ( UN ) , the European Union ( EU ) , the Eurozone , the Council of Europe ( CoE ) , the Organization of Ibero-American States ( OEI ) , the North Atlantic Treaty Organization ( NATO ) , the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and many other international organisations .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4b94de28bf7f6a99d12fe0c57f069e1b",
"text": "Spanish Netherlands Spanish Netherlands ( Países Bajos españoles Spaanse Nederlanden ) ; Pays-Bas espagnols ) was the collective name of States of the Holy Roman Empire in the Low Countries , held in personal union by the Spanish Crown ( also called Habsburg Spain ) from 1581 to 1714 . This region comprised most of modern Belgium and Luxembourg , as well as parts of northern France and western Germany . The capital was Brussels . The Imperial fiefs of the former Burgundian Netherlands had been inherited by the Austrian House of Habsburg from the extinct House of Valois-Burgundy upon the death of Mary of Burgundy in 1482 . The Seventeen Provinces formed the core of the Habsburg Netherlands which passed to the Spanish Habsburgs upon the abdication of Emperor Charles V in 1556 . When part of the Netherlands separated to form the autonomous Dutch Republic in 1581 , the remainder of the area stayed under Spanish rule until the War of the Spanish Succession .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8f9d6e29c10c9d526c1169ec50286e5e",
"text": "Cercanías Cercanías ( -LSB- θerkaˈni.as -RSB- ) is the name given to the commuter rail systems of Spain 's major metropolitan areas . In the Valencian Community , the term is replaced by Rodalia ( -LSB- roðaˈli.a -RSB- ) , while the designation Aldiriak ( -LSB- aldiɾiak -RSB- ) is used in the Basque Country . In Catalonia ( where the main administrator is the regional government ) , it is commonly known as Rodalies ( -LSB- ruðəˈli.əs -RSB- ) . Operated by the national rail company Renfe Operadora , Cercanías are in the process of being transferred to the regional autonomous governments . The former Rodalies Barcelona was handed over to the Catalan Government and renamed `` Rodalies de Catalunya '' . There are currently twelve Cercanías systems in Spain ( including the distinct Rodalies system in Catalonia ) : Asturias , Bilbao , Cádiz , Catalonia , Madrid , Málaga , Murcia/Alicante , Santander , San Sebastián , Seville , Valencia , and Zaragoza . It is well linked to Metro systems in Madrid , Barcelona , Bilbao and Valencia . The Madrid Cercanîas network was the target of the 2004 Madrid train bombings . The attacks , which killed 191 people in Santa Eugenia , El Pozo and Atocha stations , were the bloodiest terrorist actions in Spain to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2070e5504335926519b328ab4de8b7f",
"text": "Europa Point Europa Point ( Spanish and Llanito : Punta de Europa or Punta Europa ) , is the southernmost point of Gibraltar ( the Southeast most point of the Iberian Peninsula being Punta de Tarifa 25 km southwest of Gibraltar ) . At the end of the Rock of Gibraltar , the area is flat and occupied by such features as a playing field and a few buildings . On a clear day , views of North Africa can be seen across the Strait of Gibraltar including Ceuta and the Rif Mountains of Morocco ; as well as the Bay of Gibraltar and the Spanish towns along its shores . It is accessed from the old town by Europa Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2635d6e5e9835c51d5cf31d4639872ff",
"text": "North Africa North Africa is the term given to a group of Mediterranean countries situated in the northern-most region of the African continent . The term `` North Africa '' has no single accepted definition . It is sometimes defined as stretching from the Atlantic shores of Morocco in the west , to the Suez Canal and the Red Sea in the east . Others have limited it to the countries of Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , a region known by the French during colonial times as `` Afrique du Nord '' and by the Arabs as the Maghreb ( `` West '' ) . The most commonly accepted definition includes Morocco , Algeria , and Tunisia , as well as Libya and Egypt , It should be noted however that the term `` North Africa '' , when commonly used in North Africa and the Middle East , often refers only to the countries of the Maghreb and Libya . Egypt , due to its greater Middle Eastern associations , is typically viewed separately . The countries of North Africa share a common ethnic , cultural and linguistic identity that is unique to this region . North west Africa has been inhabited by Berbers since the beginning of recorded history , while the eastern part of North Africa has been home to the Egyptians . Following the Muslim conquest in the seventh century C.E. , the region underwent a process of Arabization and Islamization that has defined its cultural landscape ever since . The distinction between North Africa and much of Sub-Saharan Africa is historically and ecologically significant because of the effective barrier created by the Sahara Desert for much of modern history . From 3500 BC , following the abrupt desertification of the Sahara due to gradual changes in the Earth 's orbit , this barrier has culturally separated the North from the rest of the continent . As the seafaring civilizations of the Phoenicians , Greeks , Romans , Muslims and others facilitated communication and migration across the Mediterranean Sea , the cultures of North Africa became much more closely tied to Southwestern Asia and Europe than Sub-Saharan Africa . The Islamic influence in the area is also significant , and North Africa is a major part of the Muslim world . Some researchers have postulated that North Africa rather than East Africa served as the exit point for the modern humans who first trekked out of the continent in the Out of Africa migration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c8056007a4613106458e535f6125bad",
"text": "Socialist Party of Majorca The Socialist Party of Majorca ( Partit Socialista de Mallorca , ( PSM ) ; -LSB- pərˈtit sosiəˈɫistə ðə məˈʎɔrcə -RSB- ) is a political party in Majorca , Spain . The PSM defines itself as socialist , environmentalist , and Catalan nationalist , from a Majorcan point of view . PSM emerged from a split in the Socialist Party of the Islands in December 1977 . Unlike most of the other Spanish socialist parties , PSM refused to join the Spanish Socialist Workers ' Party ( PSOE ) . It advocates the self-determination and the freedom of the Balearic Islands , with social justice , to increase the identity and the self-government of the archipelago . It also calls for a closer relationship with the other Catalan Countries , now forbidden to be achieved in a confederation of three Spanish autonomous communities by the Spanish constitution ( art. 145 ) . Therefore , its political ascription is a Majorcan political party , regionalist or progressive-stateless nationalist , environmental , socialist and democratic . In 1989 it strengthened an alliance with other progressive and nationalist parties of Minorca and Ibiza , Partit Socialista de Menorca ( Socialist Party of Minorca ) and l'Entesa Nacionalista Ecologista de Eivissa ( Environmental and Nacionalist Agreement of Ibiza ) , gathering together other local progressive and nationalist parties . The name of the alliance was PSM-Entesa Nacionalista ( PSM-Nationalist Agreement ) . Its representation in the autonomous parliament was between 7 % and 15 % of the votes . Usually as an opposition party , PSM belonged in the Majorca Government from 1995 until 2003 and from 2007 until 2011 , and in the Balearic Islands Government from 1999 until 2003 and from 2007 until 2011 . In both governments , with other progressive Spanish parties . In the 2004 Spanish general elections , PSM was in a coalition in the Balearic Islands electoral district with United Left-Esquerra Unida , Balearic Islands ' Green Party-Els Verds de les Illes Balears , and Republican Left of Catalonia , as the Balearic Island 's Progressive coalition ( Progressistes per les Illes Balears ) This coalition obtained 40,289 votes ( 12 % ) . However , no representation in the Spanish central parliament was obtained . In 2007 , this coalition was enlarged , making up the new coalition `` Majorca 's Bloc '' ( Bloc per Mallorca ) with the same allies of the former Balearic Island 's Progressive coalition . The coalition got 4 MPs ( 14 % ) in the Balearic Parliament ( 2 of them PSM ) . After negotiations , PSM and the other Bloc 's parties , decided to enter in the autonomous government , with PSOE and Majorcan Union ( liberal regionalists ) , leaving the People 's Party ( conservatives ) in the opposition . In 2008 , the party decided to change their allies for the Spanish general elections . Its allies were then Majorcan Union , Republican Left of Catalonia and Entesa per Mallorca ( former PSM members ) . The coalition United Left-Esquerra Unida refused to include them in its electoral lists . However 29 % of the members wanted to follow the former alliance with Esquerra Unida and the Green Party . Most of them were members of the PSM-Left Nationalist Youth ( Joves d'Esquerra Nacionalista-PSM ) . With less than 30,000 votes , no representation in the Spanish central parliament was obtained . In 2011 , the Bloc broke and the party decided to form an electoral coalition with IniciativaVerds ( a new party formed by the Green party and former United Left members ) and Entesa per Mallorca ( former PSM members ) for the autonomic elections . The coalition got 36,149 votes and 4 seats at the Parliament . Later that year , the coalition was enlarged by the addition of the new Spanish-wide ecologist party EQUO and participated at the general election of that year . The coalition managed to get 31,378 votes , just 10,000 votes lesser than the minimum needed to get a seat at the Congress of Deputies . In 2008 , PSM became a full member of the European Free Alliance ( EFA ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bc8d8b1e612b2f74d3628e2a30f8c43",
"text": "Bay of Cádiz The Bay of Cádiz is a body of water in the province of Cádiz , Spain , adjacent to the southwestern coast of the Iberian Peninsula . The Bay of Cádiz adjoins the Gulf of Cádiz , a larger body of water which is in the same area but further offshore .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61d2e020c06aafce920304df03c1fc9d",
"text": "Punta de Tarifa Punta de Tarifa ( Point Tarifa , Point Marroqui ) is the southernmost point of the Iberian Peninsula and continental Europe . It is located in the province of Cádiz and the autonomous community of Andalusia on the Atlantic end of the Straits of Gibraltar . The coast of Morocco can be seen from this point . The point is the southeastern tip of the former island , known as Isla de Tarifa or Isla de Las Palomas , located offshore and connected to the mainland by a causeway . The island was occupied by a military installation between the 1930s and 2001 . The name of Tarifa , both for the island and for the municipality , originates from Tarif ibn Malik , who in 710 started here the Islamic conquest of Spain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "239b61082a858476610b7cb1510a860c",
"text": "Rivas-Vaciamadrid Rivas-Vaciamadrid ( -LSB- ˈribas baθiamaˈðɾið -RSB- , -LSB- ˈribas baθiamaˈðɾiθ , - ˈðɾi -RSB- ) is the 15th most populated city in the Community of Madrid , Spain . It belongs to the Madrid metropolitan area and is located just 15 km from central Madrid , to the south-east . In the southern part of the municipality , the Manzanares river flows into the Jarama , which is part of the Lower Manzanares and Jarama Rivers Regional Park . Almost three quarters of the municipality form part of the park , making it an important ecological centre with numerous lakes and various species of wildlife and fauna . It has been one of the fastest growing municipalities in Spain in recent years , growing from 500 inhabitants in the 1980s to its current figure of 84,000 . It is bordered to the north by Madrid and San Fernando de Henares , to the south by Arganda del Rey and San Martín de la Vega , to the east by Mejorada del Campo and Velilla de San Antonio , and to the west by Getafe and Madrid ( the district of Villa de Vallecas . ) Rivas-Vaciamadrid municipality is the seventh richest in Spain , according to a 2014 list , and has the fourth lowest rate of population in risk of poverty , among municipalities with more than 50,000 inhabitants . It is the most populated city in Spain governed by United Left .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38cde950e2727e148fd1ca4fb418f996",
"text": "Portuñol Portuñol ( Spanish spelling ) or Portunhol ( Portuguese spelling ) is the name often given to any unsystematic mixture of Portuguese with Spanish . The word is a portmanteau of the words Portugués / Português ( `` Portuguese '' ) and Español / Espanhol ( `` Spanish '' ) . Portuñol , or Portunhol , is a lingua franca , or simplified mixture of the two languages , that allows speakers of either Spanish or Portuguese who are not proficient in the other language to communicate with one another . When speakers of one of the languages attempt to speak the other language , there is often interference from the native language , which causes the phenomenon of code-switching to occur . It is possible to conduct a moderately fluent conversation in this way because Portuguese and Spanish are closely related Romance languages . They have almost identical syntactic structures , as well as overlapping lexicons due to cognates , which means that a single macro-grammar is produced when the two mix . The phrase en el hueco de la noite longa e langue illustrates a code-switch between the Spanish article la and the Portuguese noun noite . This example reveals the grammatical possibilities of code-switching between the two languages . Language contact between Spanish and Portuguese is the result of sustained contact between the two languages in border communities and multilingual trade environments . Such regions include the border regions between Portugal and Spain in the Iberian Peninsula , as well as the ones between Brazil , whose official language is Portuguese , and most of its neighboring countries , such as Uruguay and Paraguay , whose official languages are Spanish . Because Portuñol is a spontaneous register resulting from the occasional mixing of Spanish and Portuguese , it is highly diverse ; there is no one dialect or standard of Portuñol . There does , however , tend to be a stronger presence of Spanish in Portuñol . In recent years , Portuñol has begun to appear in realms other than everyday speech . It has become a literary medium , especially in Uruguay and Brazil . María Jesus Fernández García describes it as a linguistic recreation of the actual language . However , she goes on to say that the literature only occasionally provides a true representation of Portuñol , and that authors often choose to select only some of the features that are characteristic of Portuñol . One important literary work written in Portuñol is Mar paraguayo by Brazilian author Wilson Bueno . The following passage shows the mixing of Spanish and Portuguese in his novel . The appearance of Portuñol has prompted two opposing opinions or attitudes towards its existence . On the one hand , it is viewed as the product of laziness among speakers unwilling to learn a different language . On the other hand , it is seen as the logical product of globalization . As far as the future of Portuñol is concerned , according to Francisco A. Marcos-Marín , it is too difficult to evaluate possible repercussions that Portuñol could have on future linguistic maps because it is not easy to separate linguistic tendencies that are merely in style and those that are permanent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffc2e0eb10a49c0dc753b86cde56960e",
"text": "Sahara International Film Festival The Sahara International Film Festival , also known as FiSahara , is an annual event which takes place in the Sahrawi refugee camps , at the South West corner of Algeria , near the border with Western Sahara . It is the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first three years the festival was held alternately in the Wilaya of Smara , Wilaya of Ausserd and Wilaya of El Aaiun , but since 2007 the FiSahara had stayed in the Wilaya of Dakhla . The event is backed by the Polisario Front , but largely organised and funded by donors from Spain , the former colonial power in Western Sahara , attracting support from Spanish film celebrities as Penélope Cruz , Javier Bardem and Pedro Almodóvar . This Festival is an initiative to bring film as an entertainment and cultural form to the thousands of Sahrawis whose community has lived for more than thirty years in relative isolation in the Algerian desert , being the only film festival in the world taking place in a refugee camp . The first festival was in large part organised by Peruvian film director Javier Corcuera . The festival has the two-fold aim of providing cultural entertainment and educational opportunities to refugees , and of raising awareness of the plight of the Sahrawi people , who have been exiled from their native Western Sahara for more than three decades . Western Sahara , `` Africa 's last colony , '' was given to Morocco and Mauritania by the Spanish when they withdrew in 1976 . The Moroccans subsequently annexed the entire territory in 1979 , in defiance of a ruling from the International Court of Justice . A sixteen-year war ensued between the Moroccans and the native Sahrawi independence movement , the Polisario Front . Under the terms of a 1991 UN ceasefire agreement , a referendum for self-determination was promised , but has been blocked by Morocco . In the meantime an estimated 165,000 refugees continue to live in four large camps in the inhospitable Algerian desert . Home to around 30,000 refugees , Dakhla is the most remote of the camps , located 175 km away from the nearest city , Tindouf . It has no electricity or paved roads and is dependent on outside supplies of food and water . Musicians like Fermín Muguruza , Manu Chao , Macaco , Iván Ferreiro , El Chojin or Tomasito had also performed in concerts during the festival . In 2010 , a twinning agreement was signed between the FiSahara and the San Sebastian Human Rights Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d4f2a0e24752a1894e6f6fb7a930f21",
"text": "Castilians Castilians ( Spanish : castellanos ) are certain inhabitants in regions of central Spain including at least the eastern part of Castile and León , the northern and eastern parts of Castile-La Mancha , and the Madrid community , who are the source of the Spanish language ( Castilian ) among other aspects of cultural identity . However , not all people in the regions of the medieval Kingdom of Castile think of themselves as Castilian . For this reason , the exact limits of what Castile is today are disputed . As an ethnicity , they are most commonly associated with the sparsely populated inner plateau of the Iberian peninsula , which is split in two by the Sistema Central mountain range and Northern or `` Old Castile '' from southern or `` New Castile '' , the latter being somewhat closer in terms of culture and dialect to southern regions of Spain such as Andalusia , Extremadura and Murcia . Through the Reconquista and other conquests in the Middle Ages , the Kingdom of Castile ( later Crown of Castile ) spread over a large part of the Iberian Peninsula , especially towards the southern Spanish regions . After this , since the 15th century , through the Spanish colonization of the Americas , the Castilians also spread over the New World , bringing with them not only their language , but also elements of their culture and traditions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c81088f83dbce9593dc34a3061e359fc",
"text": "On External Transition It is the book gathering Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's welcoming speech in the Spanish Royal Academy of Moral and Political Sciences from the session that took place the 16th of November of 2005 . Calvo-Sotelo makes a distinction between internal and external transition , about which he had already spoken previously in Living memory of the Spanish transition and Papers of an unemployed person , and now he focuses on the latter one . After the praising from Antonio Garrigues Díaz-Cañabate , his predecessor as chairman , Calvo-Sotelo looks into the past to put that external transition into perspective , and he makes an `` anthology of neutralities '' of Spain and its milestones being the Franco-Prussian war from 1870 , the Great War from 1914 ( `` we were obsessively neutral with a resignation neutrality '' ) and World War II . That long history of Spanish neutrality has its turning point in 1953 , due to the Agreements with United States , and it is a first step towards `` anchoring Spain to the Western world '' . Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's essay gets livelier when it approaches transition `` because the writer has also been an actor and a witness of the facts he recounts '' . Who started the transition while being in the government `` were , on politics , little more than fishermen from Galilee . And the same happened with PSOE , the opposition . '' For that reason , `` the Transition , the whole Transition , but specially the external Transition , unavoidably had a lot of improvisation . '' In such a way that `` it was necessary to start the external Transition sailing through an unknown ocean , without any reference nautical charts and with only one clear path : integrating Spain in the international forums in which it was not admitted when these were constituted due to the non-democratic nature of the previous Regime . '' `` The entry in the Common Market '' and `` The Atlantic controversy '' are the most densely biographical chapters of this dissertation , since Calvo-Soltelo was the man to whom `` corresponded the unique duty of forming the negotiating team of our membership '' and Calvo-Sotelo was , as the President of the Government , who pushed for and achieved the admission of Spain into the NATO . After remembering the long and hard process of the negotiations , he concludes saying `` that Spain was not received with generosity by its community neighbours . '' And he quotes two key characters from this story : Alberto Ullastres , `` who had masterfully negotiated '' the Preferential Agreement from 1970 ; and Raimundo Bassols , `` true architect of our entry into the Common Market . '' He also documents through his papers `` the uncertain topic of the secular Spanish-French friendship . '' He narrates first-hand the fact that he considers `` the kernel of the External transition , the hinge on which the new Spanish external policy would turn '' , which would be , the entry into NATO . He analyses the position of UCD , of Adolfo Suárez and of Marcelino Oreja , and examines the historic evolution of PSOE 's international doctrine -- from Rodolfo Llopis ' time to Felipe González 's - and the volatility of the Spanish public opinion . He also speaks about the attitude of U.S.A. ( `` the renewal of the Agreements of 1953 without the NATO were the short-sighted American intentions when I came to the Presidency '' ) and of the U.S.S.R ( Letter from Leonidas Breznev , that he diplomatically returned to him ) . The book is closed with a chapter entitled by him `` The transition revisited '' , where he states how nowadays it is considered a problem and how unpleasant it feels to `` unravel Penelope 's shroud that never got to be finished , '' while he is an advocate of `` revisiting the Transition without destroying it '' . He finishes with a few lines on the new Europe that must be illuminated , a hard duty because `` France does not accept that they have to lock down with two keys De Gaulle 's tomb . '' During his answering speech , Salustiano del Campo says : `` The pithy speech we just heard insists on subjects Calvo-Sotelo has previously dealt with in one or several of his previous works , but he does it giving new ideas and , especially , suggesting new considerations . '' Marcelino Oreja finds this essay `` a masterpiece on the external transition and it displays the efforts made to put Spain in the place it belongs to . '' Historians Pablo Pérez and Jorge Lafuente think about this book by Calvo-Sotelo that `` he synthesized his ideas on the history of the Spanish external relationships using his usual sententious , elegant and frequently ironic style . His central idea must be summarized saying that Spain abdicated the performance of a role in the international panorama since the times of King Carlos III and it did not get that role back until the Transition , and specially until its entry into the NATO in 1982 and into the European Community in 1986 -LSB- ... -RSB- Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo , one of the men who used more energy on this , is a clear example of to what extent the Transition was an Enterprise that united continuity and change , and not only on the terms of the 20th Century , or of dictatorship and democracy , but in wider terms ; in the terms of the strategic position of our country in the international board . The intellectual depth of Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo 's political plan , his direct knowledge on the European reality , his familiarity with our history , probably were the causes that made him had a sight covering a wider range and made him move to a higher plane of political tactics focused on taking and keeping power on a short term . '' This is the last book by Leopoldo Calvo-Sotelo . Nevertheless , according to his own confessions , `` I have at home drawers full of unpublished pages : from the first ones written on a typewriter ( a tampon Yost ) , from sixty years ago , until the last ones typed on the computer . My wife ( who will outlive me , as is the norm ) may get some money publishing , in many years , those that are more impertinent and politically incorrect and , among others , a long string of satirical sonnets , perfectly measured and more wrongly intended , which my friend ( poet Muñoz Rojas ) correctly calls skills . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66becfad164ad779ee52c704075b421b",
"text": "Spanish general election, 2016 The 2016 Spanish general election was held on Sunday , 26 June 2016 , to elect the 12th Cortes Generales of the Kingdom of Spain . All 350 seats in the Congress of Deputies were up for election , as well as 208 of 266 seats in the Senate . No party had secured a majority in the 2015 election , resulting in the most fragmented parliament since 1977 . Ensuing negotiations failed to produce a stable governing coalition , paving the way for a repeat election on 26 June . The political deadlock marked the first time that a Spanish election was triggered due to failure in the government formation process . Ahead of the election , Podemos and United Left ( IU ) joined forces to form the Unidos Podemos alliance , along with several other minor left-wing parties . Opinion polling going into the election predicted a growing polarisation between this alliance and the People 's Party ( PP ) , which would be fighting to maintain first place nationally . In the end , the alliance suffered a surprise decline in votes and vote share compared to the previous election , while the PP increased its number of votes and seats . The Spanish Socialist Workers ' Party ( PSOE ) , while clinging on to second place , kept losing votes and seats and scored a new historical low . Albert Rivera 's Citizens ( C 's ) suffered from the electoral system and fell to 32 seats . Voter turnout was the lowest since the transition to democracy in 1975 , as just 66.5 % of the electorate cast a ballot . Overall , a potential PP -- C 's bloc secured 6 more seats than before , but remained short of an overall majority . With the political deadlock settling in , commentators suggested that a new , third election could be eventually needed . Electoral setbacks for the PSOE in the Basque and Galician regional elections held on 25 September 2016 unleashed a party crisis which led to Pedro Sánchez 's ouster as leader on 1 October . An interim party leadership was appointed , which chose to abstain to allow government formation and prevent a third general election . As a result , Mariano Rajoy was re-elected as Prime Minister for a second term in office on 29 October amid public outcry and protest at PSOE 's U-turn , which was also met with opposition from within the party -- 15 MPs eventually not complying with the party 's directive and voting against Rajoy nonetheless .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ca798ac50f737db3033fe3566785c29",
"text": "Granada War The Granada War ( Guerra de Granada ) was a series of military campaigns between 1482 and 1492 , during the reign of the Catholic Monarchs ( los Reyes Católicos ) Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon , against the Nasrid dynasty 's Emirate of Granada . It ended with the defeat of Granada and its annexation by Castile , ending all Islamic rule on the Iberian peninsula ( al-Andalus ) . The ten-year war was not a continuous effort , but a series of seasonal campaigns launched in spring and broken off in winter . The Granadans were crippled by internal conflict and civil war , while the Christians were generally unified . The war also saw the effective use of artillery by the Christians to rapidly conquer towns that would otherwise have required a long siege . On January 2 , 1492 Muhammad XII of Granada ( King Boabdil ) surrendered the Emirate of Granada , the city of Granada , and the Alhambra palace to the Castilian forces . The war was a joint project between Isabella 's Crown of Castile and Ferdinand 's Crown of Aragon . The bulk of the troops and funds for the war came from Castile , and Granada was annexed into Castile 's lands . The Crown of Aragon was less important : apart from the presence of King Ferdinand himself , Aragon provided naval collaboration , guns , and some financial loans . Aristocrats were offered the allure of new lands , while Ferdinand and Isabella centralized and consolidated power . The aftermath of the war saw the end of convivencia ( `` live and let live '' ) between religions In the Iberian peninsula : the Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or be exiled in 1492 , and by 1501 , all of Granada 's Muslims were obliged to either convert to Christianity , become slaves , or be exiled ; by 1526 this prohibition spread to the rest of Spain . `` New Christians '' ( conversos ) came to be accused of crypto-Islam and crypto-Judaism . Spain would go on to model its national aspirations as the guardian of Christianity and Catholicism . The fall of the Alhambra is still celebrated every year by the City Council of Granada , and the Granada War is considered in traditional Spanish historiography as the final war of the Reconquista . At the same time , and uniquely in the `` Reconquista '' , the Granada War itself is never called `` the reconquest of Granada '' '' , but rather `` the conquest of Granada '' . Granada had never been Christian before the `` reconquista '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "376286d7026ba4351fb81bfde894391e",
"text": "Assembly of Córdoba (1919) The Assembly of Córdoba ( also 1919 Assembly of Córdoba , etc. ; Spanish : Asamblea de Córdoba de 1919 ) was an autonomist assembly of the Junta Liberalista de Andalucía ( an outgrowth of the Andalusian nationalist Centros Andaluces ) , which advocated the abolition of centralized political power in Spain and the creation instead of a Spanish Federation . It took place January 1 , 1919 . The assembly adopted a federalist manifesto dubbed the Manifiesto de la Nacionalidad ( `` Manifesto of Nationality '' ) , which proclaimed the necessity that Andalusia constitute an autonomous democracy ( `` democracia autónoma '' ) and the arrival of the `` supreme hour in which the definitive end of the old Spain '' would be achieved '' ( `` la hora suprema en que habrá de consumarse definitivamente el acabamiento de la vieja España '' ) . The authors of the manifesto , among them Blas Infante and Lasso de la Vega , took as a point of reference the Constitution of Antequera adopted by the Federalist Assembly at Antequera in 1883 and the Assembly of Ronda ( 1918 ) , which had proclaimed Andalusia as a `` national reality '' ( `` realidad nacional '' ) and `` a country '' ( `` una patria '' ) . The present Statute of Autonomy of the current autonomous community of Andalusia ( adopted 2007 ) refers to this manifesto to justify the expression `` realidad nacional '' , which appears in its preamble .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77ef3ca640eb4fef199cb03ef4b94d53",
"text": "Plazas de soberanía The plazas de soberanía ( -LSB- ˈplaθaz ðe soβeɾaˈni.a -RSB- , literally `` places of sovereignty '' ) are the Spanish sovereign territories in North Africa . These are separate pieces of land scattered along the Mediterranean coast bordering Morocco . The name refers to the fact that these territories have been a part of Spain since the formation of the modern Spanish State ( 1492 -- 1556 ) , and are distinguished from African territories obtained by Spain during the 19th and 20th century . Historically , a distinction was made between the so-called `` major sovereign territories '' , comprising the cities of Ceuta and Melilla , and the `` minor sovereign territories '' , referring to a number of smaller enclaves and islands along the coast . In the present , the term refers mainly to the latter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b29eee44e77fcddd05e24deed5acb3cf",
"text": "Italy–Tunisia Delimitation Agreement The Italy -- Tunisia Delimitation Agreement is a 1971 treaty between Italy and Tunisia in which the two countries agreed to delimit a maritime boundary between them in the continental shelf . The treaty was signed in Tunis on 20 August 1971 . The text of the treaty sets out a complex boundary in the Strait of Sicily representing a modified equidistant line between Sicily and Tunisia . The boundary terminates just short of an equidistant line between Malta and the Italian Pelagie Islands . The treaty created a 13-nautical-mile ( radial distance ) semi-enclave around the Italian island of Pantelleria . Another semi-exclave was created comprising overlapping 13-nautical-mile arcs around the Italian islands of Linosa and Lampedusa that also intersect a 12 nmi zone around Lampione . Both semi-enclaves intersect Italian waters at the equidistant line but are otherwise surrounded by Tunisian waters . The westernmost point of the boundary line forms a maritime tripoint with Algeria . On 23 January 1975 , the countries by agreement added supplemental minutes to the treaty , including a map of the boundary and 32 individual coordinate points that define it . It came into force on 6 December 1978 after it was ratified by both countries . The full name of the treaty is Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Tunisia and the Government of the Italian Republic concerning the Delimitation of the Continental Shelf between the two Countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7f5a741f0ea949cd2b939a181f809ad",
"text": "Province of Girona Girona ( -LSB- ʒiˈɾonə -RSB- , Gerona Gérone ) is a province of Spain , in the northeastern part of the autonomous community of Catalonia . It is bordered on the northwest by the province of Lleida , on the southwest by the province of Barcelona , on the north by France , and on the east by the Mediterranean Sea . The population of the province in 2016 was 739,607 . Its capital and largest city is Girona , with an urban area ( including the neighbouring municipalities of Salt , Sarrià de Ter and Vilablareix ) representing , with a total population of 144,709 , 19.2 % of the population . The Girona area acts as an industrial , commercial and service hub for a significant part of the province .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59680f77bc73a5df438eef9040e718fe",
"text": "Estoria de España The Estoria de España , also known in the 1906 edition of Ramón Menéndez Pidal as the Primera Crónica General , is a history book written on the initiative of Alfonso X of Castile `` El Sabio '' ( `` the Wise '' ) , who was actively involved in the editing . It is believed to be the first extended history of Spain in Old Spanish , a West Iberian Romance language that forms part of the lineage from Vulgar Latin to modern Spanish . Many prior works were consulted in constructing this history . The book narrates a history beginning in Biblical and legendary origins and continues through the history of Castile under Fernando III of Castile . In the style of chronicles of its time , it begins by retelling the stories of remote origins found in the Bible . From the time of Moses onward , the mix begins to include Greek sources on ancient history . However , as the story continues , the details become increasingly detailed , especially from the Germanic invasions to the time of Alfonso 's father Fernando III . The work is divided into four large parts . The first includes a history of Ancient Rome : the medieval European monarchs considered themselves heirs to the Roman Empire . The second tells the history of the barbarian and Gothic kings , treated as antecedents within the Iberian Peninsula . The third is a history of the Kingdom of Asturias from which the Reconquista ( the Christian reconquest of Iberia from Muslim rule ) began . The fourth and final part is a history of the Kingdoms of León and Castile .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
254e4712fa6ce00f450448c15d4b7b83 | Alkaline Trio recorded the EP For Your Lungs Only. | [
{
"docid": "06c0367387a2db6b881b67dceeb96a3b",
"text": "Alkaline Trio Alkaline Trio is an American punk rock band from McHenry , Illinois . The band consists of guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba , bassist and vocalist Dan Andriano , and drummer Derek Grant . Founded in late 1996 by Skiba , bassist Rob Doran , and drummer Glenn Porter , Alkaline Trio released its debut single , `` Sundials '' , in 1997 . Following its release , Doran departed from the band and was replaced by Andriano . The band subsequently recorded an EP , For Your Lungs Only ( 1998 ) , and its debut studio album , Goddamnit ( 1998 ) . Following the release of the band 's second album , Maybe I 'll Catch Fire ( 2000 ) , Porter left the band and was replaced by Mike Felumlee for its subsequent album , From Here to Infirmary ( 2001 ) . Backed by the singles `` Stupid Kid '' and `` Private Eye '' , From Here to Infirmary significantly increased the band 's exposure , and its follow-up , Good Mourning ( 2003 ) , charted highly on the Billboard 200 . Good Mourning marked the recording debut of current drummer Derek Grant . In 2005 , the band released Crimson which expanded upon the band 's punk rock influences , with prominent overdubs and additional instrumentation , and continued with this direction on Agony & Irony ( 2008 ) , which was released on V2 Records . In 2010 , the band released This Addiction on its own label Heart & Skull and Epitaph . Recorded in the band 's home town of Chicago , with early producer Matt Allison , the album was a conscious effort by the band to return to their punk rock roots ; it became the highest charting album of their career , debuting on the Billboard 200 at No. 11 . In 2011 , the band celebrated its 15-year anniversary with the release of Damnesia , which featured new , acoustic-based recordings of songs from across the band 's career . The band 's eighth studio album , My Shame Is True , was released on April 2 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "79ef31869acf747d49be74e59a2a5f3f",
"text": "Cuando Respiro En Tu Boca `` Cuando Respiro En Tu Boca '' ( When I Breath in Your Mouth ) is an alternative rock song by Chilean rock band Lucybell . Released as third single from their debut album Peces on 1995 . The song already have a good rotation around Chilean radios . Is considered a classic song of the band . The music video was directed by Pepe Maldonado and was composed by Claudio Valenzuela . Is the first track of the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33bc9944ade1896b011265cf0de178d3",
"text": "Third (Cait Brennan album) Third is the second full-length album by Cait Brennan , released by Omnivore on April 21 , 2017 . The follow-up to 2016 's critically lauded Debutante , Third was recorded at Ardent Studios in Memphis , TN , in the same studio and on much of the same recording gear as Big Star used during its Ardent heyday . The album was co-produced and performed entirely by Brennan and Fernando Perdomo , a producer and rock artist who also co-produced Linda Perhacs ' widely acclaimed 2014 album The Soul of All Natural Things for Asthmatic Kitty records . Perdomo and Brennan met as fellow artists on the International Pop Overthrow festival in 2012 , and quickly became friends ; Brennan appears in Perdomo 's `` Smile '' music video , and Perdomo has played in Brennan 's touring band . The duo produced Brennan 's 2016 debut , as well as an unreleased second album and a set of demos for Sire Records founder Seymour Stein before ultimately signing with Omnivore Recordings in January 2017 . During the recording of Brennan 's Sire Records demo sessions , Brennan and Perdomo attended a Grammy Museum presentation celebrating the 50th Anniversary of Ardent Studios . At the event , Brennan and Perdomo encountered Big Star drummer and Ardent president Jody Stephens , who invited the pair to record their third album at Ardent in Memphis . When the Sire deal did not materialize , the duo traveled to Memphis and recorded 13 songs in three days , with Brennan and Perdomo producing and playing all the instruments , and Ardent 's Adam Hill engineering the sessions . During the sessions , the pair used many of the same instruments and amplifiers used by Big Star during their heyday , including Alex Chilton 's Hi-Watt amps , Mellotron and Chris Bell 's cherry red Gibson guitar . As with Brennan 's debut album Debutante , Brennan and Perdomo played all of the instruments , with the exception of two guest appearances by longtime Memphis power pop legend Van Duren and former Continental Drifters guitarist Robert Mache . The album was mastered by Grammy-winning audio engineer Michael Graves ; Cheryl Pawelski of Omnivore Recordings , who had a long history working with Ardent and Big Star , signed Brennan to Omnivore in January 2017 , slating Brennan 's Third for an April 2017 release to coincide with Record Store Day .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "801acdf523f9aa68dc4d355abbc12f9e",
"text": "Sky 3 (album) Sky 3 '' is the third album by English/Australian instrumental progressive rock band Sky , released in 1981 . It reached number three in the British Albums chart . It was the first album recorded after Francis Monkman 's departure from the group , with Steve Gray replacing him on keyboards . In 2015 Esoteric Recordings continued their schedule of remasters and expanded releases with this recording .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3bbcf80852267db9c8d07686d8f82a4",
"text": "Only If... `` Only If ... '' is a song by the Irish artist Enya . It was released along with her first greatest hits compilation Paint the Sky with Stars on 3 November 1997 . It charted in several countries and its video was noted for its creative direction . Enya promoted the song with interviews and performances on The Rosie O'Donnell Show , Late Show with David Letterman and Royal Variety Performance .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2874c458ac552ab9a820c30195b1e46",
"text": "Alchemy (Third Ear Band album) Alchemy is an album released in 1969 by the Third Ear Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ad54ecb5a738862042548eb789185ce",
"text": "To Record Only Water for Ten Days To Record Only Water for Ten Days is the third solo album by American musician John Frusciante , released in 2001 through Warner Music Group . Unlike his previous two solo albums , Niandra Lades and Usually Just a T-Shirt and Smile from the Streets You Hold , the record differs significantly in that Frusciante explores elements of electronica , synthpop and new wave .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c3ec744a15fa3f03934fc95edcd6da4",
"text": "This Addiction (song) `` This Addiction '' is a song by the punk rock band Alkaline Trio , released as the first single from their 2010 album This Addiction . The single was released as a digital download through online retailers on January 12 , 2010 , and as a 7 '' single exclusively through Hot Topic stores on February 9 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43ce6ed48af4aac037381f712423983c",
"text": "The Sky Is a Landfill `` The Sky Is a Landfill '' is the first track on the posthumous Sketches for My Sweetheart the Drunk album release by Jeff Buckley . It was written by Buckley together with bandmate Michael Tighe , whom he had worked with on `` So Real '' . Heavy , rocky and discordant , the track has a different tone from many of Buckley 's songs from his debut album Grace . Two live recordings , from performances at the New York 's The Knitting Factory and Arlene 's Grocery in 1997 , can be found online and feature different lyrics . The song is based on journalist Al Giordano 's essay `` The Medium Is the Middleman '' , which Buckley , a friend of Giordano 's , adapted : `` He applied my critique of the media industry to the music industry , and we had the exact same conclusions , '' says Giordano . `` The concept of the song was that the media turned the airwaves into a garbage dump . '' Performance artist Penny Arcade , a friend of Buckley 's , had called the song his `` magnum opus '' . The A.V. Club says that the song `` seethes with his inimitable flair for epic drama . '' Pitchfork Media says `` it 's clear that Buckley was beginning to explore a more discordant and subversive approach '' , and Rolling Stone notes the `` explosive garage-rock theater '' in the album generally , referencing the `` barking vocal rage and twisted-metal guitars '' of the song .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26fa46297953544b18eeb3580a195239",
"text": "Only Man `` Only Man '' is the eighth single from British electronic music duo Audio Bullys . The video for the song was directed by Jonas & François , and is featured on Higher Than the Eiffel , Ibiza Fever 2010 , Global Gathering Festival Anthems , Clubbers Guide to Festivals and the similarly titled single from the band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d43f4a60cf77fd129d59625851bc8951",
"text": "Slowdive discography The discography of Slowdive , an English alternative rock band , consists of four studio albums , three compilation albums , five extended plays , five singles , four music videos and various compilation releases . Slowdive were formed in Reading in late 1989 by vocalist -- guitarists Neil Halstead and Rachel Goswell . The duo recruited guitarist Christian Savill , bassist Nick Chaplin and drummer Adrian Sell -- who left the band after they signed to Creation Records and before the release of their eponymous EP Slowdive in 1990 . Released to critical acclaim from the alternative press , Slowdive was succeeded by a further two EPs , Morningrise and Holding Our Breath ( 1991 ) , both of which placed in the UK Singles Chart ; Holding Our Breath reached number 5 on the Independent Singles Chart . The band 's debut studio album , Just for a Day , was released in September 1991 to poor reviews , due in part to the British press ' growing disillusion with the shoegazing genre . However , Just for a Day was a minor independent success , peaking at number 3 on the Independent Albums Chart and gaining Slowdive a significant following in the United States . In 1993 , under pressure from Creation to produce a commercial-sounding album , Slowdive recruited ambient innovator Brian Eno and began producing new material . Souvlaki was released in May 1993 alongside the Outside Your Room EP ; both received similarly negative reviews but placed in the mainstream and independent charts , with Souvlaki peaking at number 52 on the UK Albums Chart . A follow-up EP , 5 , was released in November 1993 and placed at number 87 in the UK Singles Chart , however following a tour in support of its release drummer Simon Scott left the band due to creative differences . Slowdive 's third and final studio album , Pygmalion , was released in February 1995 . Halstead had dominated the recording process , with the album only featuring minor contributions by Goswell and Ian McCutcheon , the band 's new drummer . Reviews for Pygmalion were more favourable than the band 's preceding releases and the album peaked at number 108 in the UK Albums Chart , however Creation were unsatisfied and dropped Slowdive two weeks after its release . Following Slowdive 's disbandment in 1995 , Halstead , Goswell and McCutcheon formed Mojave 3 . The band reformed in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4377acaf7a796bc0d1eff0d1ab491976",
"text": "Cold Chillin' Cold Chillin ' is the third EP from British hardcore punk band Your Demise . Released on May 14 , 2013 , in conjunction with Impericon and Pinky Swear Records , it is the first official work since the band split from Visible Noise Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c627556081c4854f1c4c71ce71d18b5a",
"text": "Extended Play '07 Extended Play '07 is an EP by British alternative rock band Placebo , released on 31 July 2007 in the US only . It contains a popular single from every one of their albums as well as three live tracks . The EP was released mainly as a promotional item , targeting new fans created in the wake of the band 's inclusion in Projekt Revolution 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "194e9fd39f2a306789115482a1249aad",
"text": "Mink Lungs The Mink Lungs were a Brooklyn-area band began in 1993 . Jennifer Hoopes and Gian Carlo Feleppa met while working at a diner in the Hamptons . Both adoring music and influenced by Michael Siegel and Gert Wilden , the pair began composing and writing music with Gian 's half-brother Tim Feleppa . Gian had also studied guitar and composition at the Berklee College of Music . Drummer Tom Galbraith relocated from San Francisco to New York and the band started recording on a four-track recorder , each contributing to the songwriting process . In April 1999 , the Mink Lungs performed its first show in New York but were soon performing in famous venues such as Brownies and the Mercury Lounge . Opening slots for Luna and Delta 72 soon followed . Before being seen , Mink Lungs were signed to the Arena Rock Recording Co. , appearing on the label 's This Is Next Year : A Brooklyn-Based Compilation . In 2002 , the band released its debut album The Better Button.Allmusic review Often switching vocals and instruments , the group has performed across the United States , including the South By Southwest Festival . Tim Feleppa contributed music to the independent film Sore Losers . Gian Feleppa and Jennifer Hoopes went on to form Emergency Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74c0b4a9e4638e4c7383dbeab537f415",
"text": "The Beach Will Never Die The Beach Will Never Die is the third album released by surf music band The Surfin ' Lungs , released in 1990 on the Swiss label Lux-Noise . This was the first album by the new-look Lungs , with keyboardist/guitarist/vocalist Clive Gilling and drummer Graeme Block in the ranks and marked a change in style , with Gilling 's organ playing a prominent role in proceedings , while the production had a much crisper feel to it . Of the 13 tracks , 11 were written by the group , while one , `` Oh Oh I Love Her So '' was a cover of a song by The Ramones , which featured a different arrangement , while the other , `` Anywhere The Girls Are '' , stayed true to the original effort by The Fantastic Baggies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9514a329aa2ee8f6b80b3e65b50dc6f9",
"text": "Elevator (EP) Elevator is an EP by the rock band Epicure . It was released in 2001 on Flugelhorn Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3e5aece1fd05c19574aa22929face6c",
"text": "Shallow Believer Shallow Believer is an EP by American rock band The Used that was released digitally on February 19 , 2008 . The EP is a compilation of b-sides from their first 3 studio albums . The artwork was done by Bert McCracken and Alex Pardee . It gets its title from a lyric in the song `` Slit Your Own Throat '' . On Record Store Day ( April 18 , 2015 ) the EP received a physical release on royal blue vinyl , limited to 3,000 copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab73e1fdbf4189f90f11173e23013390",
"text": "Snails (EP) Snails is the second EP and third release by American rock band The Format . The EP was created to be sold at shows while The Format were on tour with Taking Back Sunday and Jimmy Eat World . It also became available on iTunes . Physical copies of the album came with a promotional code to download 2 additional tracks from The Format 's website . The EP includes two new songs ( four if you count the free downloads ) and acoustic versions of three tracks from 2003 's Interventions + Lullabies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "029404d60d7198d5d24e0e94daae9cfd",
"text": "For Your Lungs Only For Your Lungs Only is the debut EP by the Chicago-based punk rock band Alkaline Trio , released May 26 , 1998 through Asian Man Records . The song `` Southern Rock '' was re-recorded for their debut album Goddamnit later that year . All four tracks from the EP were reissued on the compilation album Alkaline Trio in 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1bf36563355820af7ced2333f765f8c",
"text": "Breathing (Kate Bush song) `` Breathing '' is a single by Kate Bush , the first cut from her 1980 album Never for Ever , with backing vocals by Roy Harper . The single was issued on 14 April 1980 , four months before the album was released , and reached number 16 in the UK charts , remaining in the charts for seven weeks . It was the first single by Bush to feature a non-LP track on its B-side , `` The Empty Bullring '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10971adfb9431474e44be74207127703",
"text": "& (The Moth & The Flame EP) ⅋ , sometimes written Ampersand , is an EP and the debut major label recording by rock group The Moth & The Flame , released digitally on November 5 , 2013 internationally . It was produced by drummer/producer Joey Waronker ( Beck , Atoms for Peace , R.E.M. ) and mixed by Peter Katis ( The National , Interpol ) . All songs were written by The Moth & The Flame . To promote the EP , The Moth & the Flame toured Europe supporting Imagine Dragons during the fall and winter of 2013 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8181da28563b799e6babcb7ea4f4f108 | Hong Kong keeps a separate political system from China. | [
{
"docid": "3cfe3ae9e2dfcc95022a2d4c25cc3cc4",
"text": "Hong Kong Hong Kong , officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People 's Republic of China , is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of China . Macau lies across the delta to the west , and the province of Guangdong borders the territory to the north . With a total land area of 1,106 km2 and a population of over 7.3 million of various nationalities , it ranks as the world 's fourth most densely populated sovereign state or territory . After the First Opium War ( 1839 -- 42 ) , Hong Kong became a British colony with the perpetual cession of Hong Kong Island , followed by the Kowloon Peninsula in 1860 and a 99-year lease of the New Territories from 1898 . Hong Kong was later occupied by Japan during World War II until British control resumed in 1945 . In the early 1980s , negotiations between the United Kingdom and China resulted in the 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration , which paved way for the transfer of sovereignty of Hong Kong in 1997 , when it became a special administrative region ( SAR ) of the Peoples Republic of China with a high degree of autonomy . Under the principle of `` one country , two systems '' , Hong Kong maintains a separate political and economic system from China . Except in military defence and foreign affairs , Hong Kong maintains its independent executive , legislative and judiciary powers . In addition , Hong Kong develops relations directly with foreign states and international organisations in a broad range of `` appropriate fields '' . Hong Kong is one of the world 's most significant financial centres , with the highest Financial Development Index score and consistently ranks as the world 's most competitive and freest economic entity . As the world 's 8th largest trading entity , its legal tender , the Hong Kong dollar , is the world 's 13th most traded currency . It 's also a member of the World Trade Organization ( WTO ) and the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation ( APEC ) . Hong Kong 's tertiary sector dominated economy is characterised by simple taxation with a competitive level of corporate tax and supported by its independent judiciary system . However , while Hong Kong has one of the highest per capita incomes in the world , it suffers from severe income inequality . Hong Kong is renowned for its deep natural harbour , which enables ready access by international cargo ships , and its impressive skyline , with a very high density of skyscrapers ; the territory boasts the second largest number of high rises of any city in the world . It has a very high Human Development Index ranking and the world 's longest life expectancy . Over 90 % of the population makes use of well-developed public transportation . Seasonal air pollution with origins from neighbouring industrial areas of Mainland China , which adopts loose emissions standards , has resulted in a high level of atmospheric particulates .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "597b6eec44e0261bae32af46a0ee7b35",
"text": "Constitution of the Communist Party of China The Constitution of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) has 53 Articles and includes contents of General Program , Membership , Organization System , Central Organizations , Local Organizations , Primary Organizations , Party Cadres , Party Discipline , Party Organs for Discipline Inspection , Leading Party Members ' Groups , Relationship Between the Party and the Communist Youth League , Party Emblem and Flag . The Party Constitution currently in force was adopted at the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC in September 1982 . In accordance with the changing situation and tasks , revisions were made in some of the articles at the Thirteenth National Congress in November 1987 and in the General Program and some of the articles at the Fourteenth National Congress in October 1992 , and a few revisions were made in the General Program at the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC in November 2002 . The organizational principle that drives the political system of the PRC is `` democratic centralism '' . Within the system , the democratic feature demands participation and expression of opinion on key policy issues from members at all levels of party organization . It depends on a constant process of consultation and investigation . At the same time , the centralist feature requires that subordinate organizational levels follow the dictates of superior levels . Once the debate has reached the highest level and decisions concerning policy have been made , all party members are obliged to support the Central Committee . The constitution emphasizes the party 's role in promoting socialist democracy , in developing and strengthening a socialist legal system , and in consolidating public resolve to carry out the modernization program .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fa513dd0832ea99502ee9a29acbfccd",
"text": "Bishop of Hong Kong The Bishop of Hong Kong may refer to the leaders of the following religious entities : Roman Catholic Diocese of Hong Kong , established as a Prefecture Apostolic in 1841 , as a Vicariate Apostolic in 1874 , and as a Diocese in 1946 Orthodox Metropolitanate of Hong Kong and Southeast Asia , established in 1996",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61f386c2370b6642d06e904a404975fd",
"text": "Steve Tsang Steve Tsang is a political scientist and historian whose expertise includes politics and governance in China , Taiwan and Hong Kong , the foreign and security policies of China and Taiwan , and peace and security in East Asia . Born in Hong Kong , Tsang received a B.A. at the University of Hong Kong in 1981 and D.Phil at St Antony 's College , Oxford in 1986 . He is a professor of contemporary Chinese studies at the University of Nottingham , and served as Head of the School of Contemporary Chinese Studies at the University of Nottingham ( 2014 -- 2016 ) and Director of the China Policy Institute ( 2011-2014 ) . In September 2016 , the School of Oriental and African Studies ( SOAS ) announced the appointment of Professor Tsang as Professor of Chinese Studies and the new Director of the SOAS China Institute , effective 1 December 2016 . Before joining the University of Nottingham , he spent his career at the University of Oxford , where among other positions , he served as Director of the Pluscarden Programme for the Study of Global Terrorism and Intelligence ( 2005 -- 2011 ) , Dean of St Antony 's College ( 2002 , 1996 -- 98 ) , Director of the Taiwan Studies Programme ( 2001 -- 2011 ) , Director of the Asian Studies Centre ( 1997 -- 2003 ) , and Director of the Oxford University Hong Kong Project ( 1987 -- 1994 ) . Tsang is the author of A Modern History of Hong Kong ( 2004 ) , which the last British Hong Kong governor Chris Patten described as `` authoritative and well-researched '' . He is also the author of Governing Hong Kong : Administrative Officers from the 19th Century to the Hand-over of China , 1862-1997 ( London : I.B. Tauris , 2007 ) ; The Cold War 's Odd Couple : The Unintended Partnership between the Republic of China and the United Kingdom , 1950-1958 ( London : I.B. Tauris , 2006 ) ; Hong Kong : An Appointment with China ( London : I.B. Tauris , 1997 ) ; Democracy Shelved : Great Britain , China and Attempts at Constitutional Reform in Hong Kong ( Oxford University Press , 1998 ) . He is the author of numerous articles in refereed journals , including most recently `` Chiang Kai-shek 's ` secret deal ' at Xian and the start of the Sino-Japanese War '' ; `` The U.S. Military and American Commitment to Taiwan 's Security '' ; `` Ma Ying-jeou 's re-election : implications for Taiwan and East Asia '' , and `` Consultative Leninism : China 's new political framework '' . Tsang is an associate fellow at Chatham House , Associate Editor of Palgrave Communication ( 2014 -- ) , Editor of the Nottingham China Policy Institute Series for Palgrave Macmillan ( 2011 -- ) , and serves on the Editorial Advisory Board for several academic journals . He regularly contributes to public debates on issues related to the politics , history , and development of East Asia , particularly China , Hong Kong , and Taiwan . He is a frequent commentator in print media and on television and radio , particularly the BBC , where he has appeared on Newsnight , BBC News at Ten , World News , BBC News , News 24 , The Talk Show , Today , PM , Newshour , What If , and various World Service programmes in English , Mandarin , and Cantonese . His op-ed contributions have appeared in The New York Times , Foreign Policy magazine , Jane 's Intelligence Review , Time , Wall Street Journal , Forbes , South China Morning Post , China Daily , Taipei Times , The Straits Times , The Globe and Mail , Chicago Tribune , and the New Statesman amongst others . He has provided expert opinions to parliamentary committees in the British House of Commons , the European Parliament , and the United States Congress . His wife is English writer Rhiannon Jenkins Tsang . They studied at Oxford University but did not meet until years later in a seminar on the 1997 Hong Kong Handover .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ce54e7c122d1c2ab731927650a43668",
"text": "2014–15 Hong Kong electoral reform The Hong Kong electoral reform was a proposed reform for the 2017 Hong Kong Chief Executive election and 2016 Legislative Council election . According to the decision made by the National People 's Congress Standing Committee ( NPCSC ) of the People 's Republic of China in 2007 , the 2017 Chief Executive election may be implemented by universal suffrage . The issues on how to achieve universal suffrage in the 2017 Chief Executive election became the focal point of the public debates . Most of the major political factions campaigned for their ideas on the universal suffrage , including Occupy Central with Love and Peace , an advocacy group for the occupation movement , to pressure the Beijing government to implement full universal suffrage initiated by the pan-democracy camp , as well as the Alliance for Peace and Democracy , an anti-occupy central alliance formed by the pro-Beijing camp . After the first consultation period , lasting from December 2013 to May 2014 , a consultation report was submitted to the National People 's Congress in July 2014 . On 31 August 2014 , the NPCSC decided that a 1200-member Nominating Committee based on the present Election Committee should only select two or three candidates before presenting them for a territory-wide ballot by ordinary voters , and each candidate must have more than half of support members of the Election Committee . It also decided that the 2016 legislative election would undergo no further adaptations since those proposed by the 2010 electoral reform . On 18 June 2015 , the Legislative Council rejected the unmodified electoral reform proposal with 8 votes in favour , 28 against , and 33 not voting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4e7f4d0d975048c499f41e9e861cdd2",
"text": "Distinct society Distinct society ( in la société distincte ) is a political term especially used during constitutional debate in Canada , in the second half of the 1980s and in the early 1990s , and present in the two failed constitutional amendments , the Meech Lake Accord and the Charlottetown Accord . `` Distinct society '' refers to the uniqueness of the province of Quebec within Canada , although here the meaning of `` unique '' is vague and controversial .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84a76b39b1e6ea6e43341da422af575c",
"text": "Chief Justice of the Court of Final Appeal The Chief Justice of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal is the head of the Judiciary of Hong Kong and the chief judge of the Court of Final Appeal . The Chief Justice is one of four permanent members of the Court . During British rule between 1843 and 1997 , the office was known as the Chief Justice of Hong Kong . The Chief Justice acts as the chief administrative officer for the courts system , and in that capacity serves as the spokesperson for the judicial branch ; he is assisted by the Chief Judge of the High Court , who is responsible for the administration of the High Court and is accountable to the Chief Justice . The office of Chief Justice is second only to the Chief Executive of Hong Kong in the Hong Kong order of precedence . In the case of an impeachment of a Chief Executive of Hong Kong , the Chief Justice presides over the trial as provided by the Hong Kong Basic Law . The first Chief Justice of the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal was Andrew Li . The second and incumbent Chief Justice is Geoffrey Ma .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "939c905aa32b86c50cd8f6373b3bf5ac",
"text": "Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League is one of the eight legally recognised political parties in the People 's Republic of China that follow the direction of the Communist Party of China and are member of the Chinese People 's Political Consultative Conference . It was formed in Hong Kong on November 1947 by members of the Taiwanese Communist Party who survived the February 28 Incident . The Taiwan Democratic Self Government League has a membership of 2,100 people , most of whom are prominent people that are from Taiwan or are of Taiwanese heritage , but now reside on the mainland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca10264e9595c776a10ea8aad685bbc3",
"text": "City-state A city-state is a sovereign state that consists of a city and its dependent territories . Historically , this included cities such as Rome , Athens , Carthage , and the Italian city-states during the Renaissance -- but today only a handful of sovereign city-states exist , with some disagreement as to which are city-states . A great deal of consensus exists that the term properly applies to Singapore , Monaco , and Vatican City . A number of other small states share similar characteristics , and therefore are sometimes also cited as modern city-states . Namely , Qatar , Brunei , Kuwait , Bahrain , and Malta , which each have an urban center comprising a significant proportion of the population , though , all have several distinct settlements and a designated or de facto capital city . Occasionally , other small states with high population densities , such as San Marino , are also cited , despite lacking a large urban centre characteristic of traditional city-states . Several non-sovereign cities enjoy a high degree of autonomy , and are sometimes considered city-states . Hong Kong and Macau , along with independent members of the United Arab Emirates , most notably Dubai and Abu Dhabi , are often cited as such .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "403999b9fec0304054e259f69d38a731",
"text": "Hong Kong national football team The Hong Kong national football team , represents Hong Kong in international association football competitions such as the FIFA World Cup , AFC Asian Cup and East Asian Football Championship . The team is represented and supervised by the Hong Kong Football Association , the governing body for football in Hong Kong . Although usually known as simply Hong Kong , the EAFF refer to the team as Hong Kong , China . The team had been representing Hong Kong in international football events before 1997 when Hong Kong was a colony of the United Kingdom . It continues to represent Hong Kong even after Hong Kong was handed over to the People 's Republic of China by the United Kingdom and became a special administrative region of the People 's Republic of China in 1997 . This team is a separate team from the national team of the People 's Republic of China , as the Basic Law and the principle of `` One country , two systems '' allows Hong Kong to maintain its own representative teams in international sports competitions . In Hong Kong , the Hong Kong football team is colloquially referred as the `` Hong Kong team '' ( Chinese : 香港隊 ) , while the Chinese national team is referred as the `` national team '' ( Chinese : 國家隊 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4b284aa9787d2c1d3fac891ee2eeff0",
"text": "People's Radio Hong Kong People 's Radio Hong Kong ( Chinese : 香港人民廣播電台 ) or its abbreviation PRHK.org ( Chinese : 人民台 ) is a defunct online radio station in Hong Kong . The initial objectives include : the formation of a local community radio station , not accepting donations participation in political groups independently operated by volunteers , accept public donations as the main source of funding . Radio Hong Kong People 's First , referred to as `` people 's first '' , created mainly to comment on current affairs and public issues , and the main program include the `` Long Menzhen Storm '' and `` ShiuShiu Podcast '' （ 風蕭蕭 ） . The second station is referred to as `` People 's second '' , mainly to discuss a small minority issues and the users produced programs , the current broadcast programs include `` international free exercise '' , `` Hong Kong people philosophy stresses '' , `` Hong Kong way out '' and '' My Network Places '' and so on . In Hong Kong , People 's Radio is aired the first Tuesday night with the Neighborhood and Workers Service Center online radio network ; Friday will be two sets of programs broadcast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03d1c0fb2879d73f0bb89925e1149fb4",
"text": "Central and Western Democratic Power Central and Western Democratic Power is a local political group in the Central and Western district of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People 's Republic of China . It was convened by Kam Nai Wai , a member of Democratic Party and Central and Western District Councillor , and is mainly composed of pro-democracy District Councillors of the district . Its platform includes striving for general election of the Chief Executive in 2007 and Legislative Council in 2008 , public consultation of implementation of Article 23 of the Basic Law by means of a White Bill , stopping reclamation to protect the Victoria Harbour , cutting transportation fares for elderly citizens , and other local affairs . 8 out of 10 members of the group won in the 2003 District Council elections in the Central and Western district .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b70e214228ed16cad118630c1c828ef",
"text": "Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to and from Hong Kong and Macau The Exit-Entry Permit for Travelling to and from Hong Kong and Macau , colloquially known as a Two-way Permit or EEP ( Exit-Entry Permit ) is issued to Chinese nationals with residency in Mainland China as a travel document for the sole purpose to travel the Chinese Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau . The Bureau of Exit and Entry Administration of the Chinese Ministry of Public Security is responsible for the issuing of Two-way Permits and exit endorsements . Due to the `` One country , two systems '' policy , Hong Kong , Macau and Mainland Chinese residents who are Chinese citizens can not use their Chinese , Hong Kong , or Macau passports to enter their respective territories , even though those passports are considered legal valid travel document . The Two-way Permit is the sole travel document for personal visit , family reunion , business , and other non-government purposes to and from the two Chinese Special Administrative Regions . Exceptions are Mainland residents who are transiting to or from a third country or region , as they can use their Chinese passports when entering Hong Kong or Macau for a stay of seven days .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45b058561ea9150d6f24c715bf2eeaa3",
"text": "Crown dependencies The Crown dependencies are the Isle of Man in the Irish Sea , and the Bailiwicks of Jersey and Guernsey in the English Channel . They are independently administered jurisdictions , and do not form part of either the United Kingdom or the British Overseas Territories . They are self-governing possessions of the Crown ( defined uniquely in each jurisdiction ) . Internationally , the dependencies are considered `` territories for which the United Kingdom is responsible '' , rather than sovereign states . As a result , they are not member states of the Commonwealth of Nations . However , they do have relationships with the Commonwealth , the European Union , and other international organisations , and are members of the British -- Irish Council . They have their own teams in the Commonwealth Games . They are not part of the European Union ( EU ) , although they are within the EU 's customs area . As the Crown dependencies are not sovereign states , the power to pass legislation affecting the islands ultimately rests with the government of the United Kingdom . However they each have their own legislative assemblies , with the power to legislate on many local matters with the assent of the Crown ( Privy Council , or in the case of the Isle of Man in certain circumstances the Lieutenant-Governor ) . In each case , the head of government is referred to as the Chief Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9292c8b6b46334850a398c15a0b1e8c6",
"text": "Conservatism in Hong Kong Conservatism has deep roots in Hong Kong politics and society . As a political trend , it is often reflected in but not limited to the current pro-Beijing camp , one of the two major political forces in Hong Kong , as opposed to liberalism , a dominant feature of the pro-democracy camp .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8be9d8c3cd1113ea5e38baa1a5191ef4",
"text": "Hong Kong Cantonese Hong Kong Cantonese is a dialect of the Cantonese language commonly spoken in Hong Kong , as well as Macau . Although the Hong Kong people largely identify this variant of Chinese with the term `` Cantonese '' , a variety of publications in Mainland China describe the variant as Hong Kong speech . There are slight differences between the pronunciation used in Hong Kong Cantonese and that of the Cantonese spoken in the neighbouring Chinese province of Guangdong , where Cantonese ( based on the Guangzhou dialect ) is a main lingua franca . Over the years , Hong Kong Cantonese has also absorbed foreign terminology and developed a large set of Hong Kong-specific terms . These differences from the Guangzhou dialect are the result of British rule between 1841 and 1997 , as well as the closure of the Hong Kong-China border immediately after the establishment of the People 's Republic of China in 1949 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fb87979a4e8130a8bc3aa54df0b3130",
"text": "Chung Ying Street Chung Ying Street is a street on the border between Hong Kong and Shenzhen , within the border town of Sha Tau Kok ( Hong Kong ) and Shatoujiao ( Shenzhen ) . One side of the street belongs to Hong Kong and the other belongs to Mainland China . In Cantonese , Chung means China and Ying England or the United Kingdom . The name is a mark of history of the Second Convention of Peking , a treaty that China under the Qing dynasty was forced to lease New Territories to Britain in 1899 . The street was a river in 1899 . British use the high water mark as the border . The river was too shallow at the section of Sha Tau Kok . It dried before the coming of World War II . The residents on both dried river sides then erected their shops to trade . The dried river then renamed to Chung Hing Street , and later renamed to Chung Ying Street . The town of Sha Tau Kok flourished for that period of time . After World War II , with large influx of refugees from China , the British colonial government decided to close the border and the town fell within the Frontier Closed Area . The border town declined since then . Chung Ying Street was once a famous place for shopping . In the 1990s , when China was still closed to the world , Chinese tourists visited to buy foreign goods , mostly watches , clothing and jewellery . However , the prosperity has declined in the early 21st century , due to a policy allowing most people from Mainland China to apply to visit Hong Kong directly , causing Chung Ying Street to transform into a place for historical sight-seeing . The PRC government has built a museum about the history of Chung Ying Street to attract tourists again .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aec5effed4d20a55022af8770c1627ae",
"text": "Vote allocation Vote allocation is a system of tactical voting used in the Republic of China on Taiwan from the late-1990s , after which the voting system is to be changed from single non-transferable vote to a parallel voting system . In this system , voters are asked to vote for a party candidate based on items such as their day of birthday so as to evenly distribute votes . In districts where a party is running two candidates , males may be asked to vote for one candidate and females for another to insure even distribution . It was also practice in Japan and South Korea , where the SNTV system were used . Hong Kong political parties started to adopt this strategy since 2000 to overcome the effect of the largest remainder system with Hare quota combined with small constituencies ( 5 - to 8-member in 2008 ) . They are able to get more seats with fewer votes by filling separate lists of candidates in the same constituencies . Category : Elections Category : Politics of Taiwan Category : Elections in Hong Kong",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ac905cf086d7b638255bba96f568a2f",
"text": "Hong Kong Alliance of Chinese and Expatriates The Hong Kong Alliance of Chinese and Expatriates ( Chinese : 香港中外聯盟 ) was a small political party in Hong Kong set up in 1994 . The party aimed at upholding the Hong Kong residents holding foreign passports . It took a conservative and pro-Beijing stance as its Chairman Guy Lam Kwok-hung , who was a Canadian citizen , said Hong Kong should not be hostile towards Beijing as it was reverting to Mainland China . Guy Lam also said he supported Beijing 's decision to suppress the students in the Tiananmen Square protests of 1989 . Guy Lam campaigned for a seat in the Legislative Council in the 1995 elections , but lost to Democratic Party 's Huang Chen-ya in Island West constituency . The party ceased to exist in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "316e875d66c8052770c1907fb1b06ab6",
"text": "List of political parties in China The People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) is formally a multi-party state under the leadership of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) in a United Front similar to the popular fronts of former Communist-era Eastern European countries such as the National Front of Democratic Germany . Under the one country , two systems scheme , the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau , which were previously colonies of European powers , operate under a different political system to the rest of the PRC . Currently , both Hong Kong and Macau possess multi-party systems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fcf09aad63eefe15c1e55a703cee985",
"text": "Patent law in Hong Kong The patent law in Hong Kong is based on the Hong Kong Patents Ordinance of 27 June 1997 , as last amended on 22 February 2008 . The Hong Kong patent system is independent from the patent system in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) , in that a `` patent granted for Hong Kong SAR takes effect in Hong Kong only and does not provide for protection in the People 's Republic of China ( PRC ) '' . Two types of patents for inventions are available in Hong Kong , the so-called `` standard patent '' and the `` short-term patent '' : A standard patent in Hong Kong can be based on a European patent application designating to United Kingdom , or a patent application in the PRC or the United Kingdom ( UK ) . The standard patent is independent from the original foreign patent ( i.e. , from the Chinese patent , the European patent , or the UK patent ) . Short-term patents are also available . Such patents have a maximum term of eight years from the filing date . The short-term patents are subject to a formality examination only , not to a substantive examination on the patentability of the invention .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9d775bc328395baa5fb0bdff050d3bc5 | Borrelia afzelli is likely to infect humans. | [
{
"docid": "84bdaf5f345ef312afcee46ce46634f4",
"text": "Borrelia afzelii Borrelia afzelii is a species of Borrelia a bacterium that can infect various species of vertebrates and invertebrates . Among 30 Borrelia known species , it is one of four which are likely to infect humans causing a variant of Lyme disease . Coinfection by this Borrelia species with one or more pathogens can occur , carried by the vector , which appears to be in most cases the tick .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "eeef80bd0f3a78474337f5510c8a5e3d",
"text": "Erythema chronicum migrans Erythema chronicum migrans ( New Latin , literally , `` chronic migrating redness '' ) refers to the rash often ( though not always ) seen in the early stage of Lyme disease . It can appear anywhere from one day to one month after a tick bite . This rash does not represent an allergic reaction to the bite , but rather an actual skin infection with the Lyme bacteria , Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato . `` Erythema migrans is the only manifestation of Lyme disease in the United States that is sufficiently distinctive to allow clinical diagnosis in the absence of laboratory confirmation . '' It is a pathognomonic sign : a physician-identified rash warrants an instant diagnosis of Lyme disease and immediate treatment without further testing , even by the strict criteria of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . Such target lesions ( bull 's - eye rashes ) are characteristic of Borrelia infections , and no other pathogens are known that cause this form of rash . A similar condition called Southern Tick Associated Rash Illness ( STARI ) produces a similar rash pattern although it develops more quickly and is smaller . The associated infectious agent has not been determined . Antibiotic treatment resolves the illness quickly . This erythema is also sometimes called erythema migrans or EM . However , a less common meaning of the term `` erythema migrans '' is a mucosal condition of the tongue , also called geographic tongue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0eec86793c11a3621780aa3f68d9917",
"text": "Borrelia texasensis Candidatus Borrelia texasensis is a proposed new strain of the spirochete borrelia . B. texasensis was `` isolated in March 1998 from an adult male Dermacentor variabilis tick feeding on a coyote from Webb County , Texas . '' According to the discovering researchers from Georgia Southern University 's Institute of Arthropodology and Parasitology , `` It differs from other borreliae based on the banding patterns obtained by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA ( RAPD ) analysis '' along with several other variations including morphological changes identified under electron microscope . Unfortunately the researchers were `` unable to revive frozen cultures and so can not meet the requirements of the Bacteriological Code to deposit viable type material at two different culture collections '' leading to the use of the candidatus prefix .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7aa6ce3d0f13c4324de41135755a116a",
"text": "Bed bug Bed bugs are parasitic insects of the cimicid family that feed exclusively on blood . Cimex lectularius , the common bed bug , is the best known as it prefers to feed on human blood . Other Cimex species specialize in other animals , e.g. , bat bugs , such as Cimex pipistrelli ( Europe ) , Cimex pilosellus ( Western United States ) , and Cimex adjunctus ( entire Eastern United States ) . The name bed bug derives from the preferred habitat of Cimex lectularius : warm houses and especially near or inside beds and bedding or other sleep areas . Bed bugs are mainly active at night , but are not exclusively nocturnal . They usually feed on their hosts without being noticed . A number of adverse health effects may result from bed bug bites , including skin rashes , psychological effects , and allergic symptoms . Bed bugs are not known to transmit any pathogens as disease vectors . Certain signs and symptoms suggest the presence of bed bugs ; finding the adult insects confirms the diagnosis . Bed bugs have been known as human parasites for thousands of years . At a point in the early 1940s , they were mostly eradicated in the developed world , but have increased in prevalence since 1995 , likely due to pesticide resistance , governmental bans on effective pesticides , and international travel . Because infestation of human habitats has begun to increase , bed bug bites and related conditions have been on the rise as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fae974d66178ff06f2b0cc61255f8e1e",
"text": "Porphyria Porphyria is a group of diseases in which substances called porphyrins build up , affecting the skin or nervous system . The types that affect the nervous system are also known as acute porphyria . Symptoms of acute porphyria include abdominal pain , chest pain , vomiting , confusion , constipation , fever , and seizures . These symptoms typically come and go with attacks that last for days to weeks . Attacks may be triggered by alcohol , smoking , stress , or certain medications . If the skin is affected , blisters or itching may occur with sunlight exposure . The disease is usually inherited from a person 's parents and is due to a mutation in one of the genes that make heme . Some types are autosomal dominant and others are autosomal recessive . One type , porphyria cutanea tarda , may also be due to increased iron in the liver , hepatitis C , alcohol , or HIV/AIDS . The underlying mechanism results in a decrease in the amount of heme produced and a build-up of substances involved in making heme . Porphyrias may also be classified by whether the liver or the bone marrow is affected . Diagnosis is typically by blood , urine , and stool tests . Genetic testing may be done to determine the specific mutation . Treatment depends on the type of porphyria and a person 's symptoms . The treatment of porphyria of the skin generally involves the avoidance of sunlight . The treatment for acute porphyria may involve giving intravenous heme or a glucose solution . Rarely a liver transplant may be carried out . The frequency of porphyria is unclear . It is estimated that it affects 1 to 100 per 50,000 people . Rates vary around the world . Porphyria cutanea tarda is believed to be the most common type . The disease was described at least as early as 370 BC by Hippocrates . The underlying mechanism was first described by Felix Hoppe-Seyler in 1871 . The name porphyria is from the Greek πορφύρα , porphyra , meaning `` purple '' , a reference to the color of the urine that may occur during an attack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23d23c710ce49456d1233f823f0aba03",
"text": "Dracunculiasis Dracunculiasis , also called Guinea-worm disease ( GWD ) , is an infection by the Guinea worm . A person becomes infected when they drink water that contains water fleas infected with guinea worm larvae . Initially there are no symptoms . About one year later , the person develops a painful burning feeling as the female worm forms a blister in the skin , usually on a lower limb . The worm then emerges from the skin over the course of a few weeks . During this time , it may be difficult to walk or work . It is very uncommon for the disease to cause death . In humans , the only known cause is Dracunculus medinensis . The worm is about one to two millimeters wide , and an adult female is 60 to 100 centimeters long ( males are much shorter at 12 - ) . Outside of humans , the young form can survive up to three weeks , during which they must be eaten by water fleas to continue to develop . The larva inside water fleas may survive up to four months . Thus , in order for the disease to remain in an area , it must occur each year in humans . A diagnosis of the disease can usually be made based on the signs and symptoms . Prevention is by early diagnosis of the disease followed by keeping the person from putting the wound in drinking water to decrease spread of the parasite . Other efforts include improving access to clean water and otherwise filtering water if it is not clean . Filtering through a cloth is often enough . Contaminated drinking water may be treated with a chemical called temefos to kill the larva . There is no medication or vaccine against the disease . The worm may be slowly removed over a few weeks by rolling it over a stick . The ulcers formed by the emerging worm may get infected by bacteria . Pain may continue for months after the worm has been removed . In 2015 there were 22 reported cases of the disease while in 2016 there were 25 . This is down from an estimated 3.5 million cases in 1986 . In 2016 the disease occurred in three countries , all in Africa , down from 20 countries in the 1980s . It will likely be the first parasitic disease to be globally eradicated . Guinea worm disease has been known since ancient times . It is mentioned in the Egyptian medical Ebers Papyrus , dating from 1550 BC . The name dracunculiasis is derived from the Latin `` affliction with little dragons '' , while the name `` guinea worm '' appeared after Europeans saw the disease on the Guinea coast of West Africa in the 17th century . Other Dracunculus species are known to infect various mammals , but do not appear to infect humans . Dracunculiasis is classified as a neglected tropical disease . Because dogs may also become infected , the eradication program is monitoring and treating dogs as well .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3467b918377512c9d805830161012554",
"text": "Coronavirus Coronaviruses are species of virus belonging to the subfamily Coronavirinae in the family Coronaviridae , in the order Nidovirales . Coronaviruses are enveloped viruses with a positive-sense single-stranded RNA genome and with a nucleocapsid of helical symmetry . The genomic size of coronaviruses ranges from approximately 26 to 32 kilobases , the largest for an RNA virus . The name `` coronavirus '' is derived from the Latin corona , meaning crown or halo , and refers to the characteristic appearance of virions under electron microscopy ( E.M. ) with a fringe of large , bulbous surface projections creating an image reminiscent of a royal crown or of the solar corona . This morphology is created by the viral spike ( S ) peplomers , which are proteins that populate the surface of the virus and determine host tropism . Proteins that contribute to the overall structure of all coronaviruses are the spike ( S ) , envelope ( E ) , membrane ( M ) and nucleocapsid ( N ) . In the specific case of the SARS coronavirus ( see below ) , a defined receptor-binding domain on S mediates the attachment of the virus to its cellular receptor , angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 ( ACE2 ) . Some coronaviruses ( specifically the members of Betacoronavirus subgroup A ) also have a shorter spike-like protein called hemagglutinin esterase ( HE ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65f206048a424d1553ce74c97a338c82",
"text": "Nanophyetus salmincola Nanophyetus salmincola is a food-borne intestinal trematode parasite prevalent on the Pacific Northwest coast . The species may be the most common trematode endemic to the United States . The life cycle of the N. salmincola requires three hosts . The first intermediate host is an Juga plicifera stream snail . The second intermediate host is a salmonid fish , though some non-salmonid fishes also play a role . Lastly , the definitive host is most commonly a canid , though many other mammals are also definitive hosts , including humans . Transmission of N. salmincola to the definitive host occurs upon ingestion of parasite-infected fish . The parasite is most known for its association with `` salmon poisoning disease '' , which , left untreated , proves to be fatal to dogs and other canids . However , canids are affected by the Neorickettsia helminthoeca bacteria , for which N. salmincola acts as a vector , and not by the parasite itself . Very few known cases of naturally acquired human infection with N. salmincola are found in the literature , though it is likely that many cases are unreported , since most people are asymptomatic , or symptomatic with non-specific symptoms like gastrointestinal discomfort . Disease caused by N. salmincola , or nanophyetiasis , is easily preventable by thoroughly cooking fish before consumption . There are no known cases of human infection by the Rickettsia bacteria carried by N. salmincola . A subspecific parasite , Nanophyetus schikhobalowi , is endemic to Siberia , where human cases of nanophyetiasis have been reported in scientific literature since 1931 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecb543c259e0b0f5b3469faef6a76a44",
"text": "Kaposi's sarcoma Kaposi 's sarcoma or Kaposi sarcoma ( -LSB- ˈkæpəʃi_sɑrˈkoʊmə -RSB- KS ) is a tumor caused by infection with human herpesvirus 8 ( HHV8 ) , also known as Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus ( KSHV ) or KS agent . It was originally described by Moritz Kaposi , a Hungarian dermatologist practicing at the University of Vienna in 1872 . It became more widely known as one of the AIDS-defining illnesses in the 1980s . The viral cause for this cancer was discovered in 1994 . Although KS is now well-established to be caused by a viral infection , there is widespread lack of awareness of this even among persons at risk for KSHV/HHV -8 infection . Kaposi sarcoma ( KS ) is a systemic disease that can present with cutaneous lesions with or without internal involvement . Four subtypes have been described : Classic KS , affecting middle aged men of Mediterranean descent ; African endemic KS ; KS in iatrogenically immunosuppressed patients ; and AIDS-related KS . The erythematous to violaceous cutaneous lesions seen in KS have several morphologies : macular , patch , plaque , nodular , and exophytic . The cutaneous lesions can be solitary , localized or disseminated . KS can involve the oral cavity , lymph nodes , and viscera . Classic KS tends to be indolent , presenting with erythematous or violaceous patches on the lower extremities . African endemic KS and AIDS-related KS tend to be more aggressive . The AIDS-related KS lesions often rapidly progress to plaques and nodules affecting the upper trunk , face , and oral mucosa . The diagnosis can be made with a tissue biopsy and , if clinically indicated , internal imaging should be done . Once the diagnosis of KS has been made , treatment is based on the subtype and the presence of localized versus systemic disease . Localized cutaneous disease can be treated with cryotherapy , intralesional injections of vinblastine , alitretinoin gel , radiotherapy , topical immunotherapy ( Imiquimod ) , or surgical excision . Extensive cutaneous disease or internal disease may require intravenous chemotherapy and immunotherapy . Discontinuation or reduction of immunosuppressive therapy is recommended when KS arises in the setting of iatrogenic immunosuppression . However , with AIDS-related KS , highly active antiretroviral therapy ( HAART ) has been shown to prevent , or induce regression of , KS . Some AIDS patients have complete resolution of the lesions and prolonged remission while continuing the therapy . Therefore , HAART should be considered first-line treatment for these patients , though they may require other treatments at the same time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "216e5fc89a901494641a0983b027bd6b",
"text": "HIV/AIDS denialism HIV/AIDS denialism is the belief , contradicted by conclusive medical and scientific evidence , that human immunodeficiency virus ( HIV ) does not cause acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . Some of its proponents reject the existence of HIV , while others accept that HIV exists but argue that it is a harmless passenger virus and not the cause of AIDS . Insofar as they acknowledge AIDS as a real disease , they attribute it to some combination of sexual behavior , recreational drugs , malnutrition , poor sanitation , haemophilia , or the effects of the drugs used to treat HIV infection . The scientific consensus is that the evidence showing HIV to be the cause of AIDS is conclusive and that HIV/AIDS denialist claims are pseudoscience based on conspiracy theories , faulty reasoning , cherry picking , and misrepresentation of mainly outdated scientific data . With the rejection of these arguments by the scientific community , HIV/AIDS denialist material is now targeted at less scientifically sophisticated audiences and spread mainly through the Internet . Despite its lack of scientific acceptance , HIV/AIDS denialism has had a significant political impact , especially in South Africa under the presidency of Thabo Mbeki . Scientists and physicians have raised alarm at the human cost of HIV/AIDS denialism , which discourages HIV-positive people from using proven treatments . Public health researchers have attributed 330,000 to 340,000 AIDS-related deaths , along with 171,000 other HIV infections and 35,000 infant HIV infections , to the South African government 's former embrace of HIV/AIDS denialism . The interrupted use of antiviral treatments is also a major global concern as it potentially increases the likelihood of the emergence of antiviral-resistant strains of the virus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a2b398dac50686ee6cbb28cbaa5c198",
"text": "Epidemiology of schizophrenia Schizophrenia affects around 0.3 -- 0.7 % of people at some point in their life , or 21 million people worldwide as of 2011 ( about one of every 285 ) . By using precise methods in its diagnosis and a large , representative population , schizophrenia seems to occur with relative consistency over time during the last half-century . While it is claimed that schizophrenia occurs at similar rates worldwide , its prevalence and incidence varies across the world , within countries , and at the local and neighborhood level . It causes approximately 1 % of worldwide disability-adjusted life years ( DALYs ) . The rate of schizophrenia varies up to threefold depending on how it is defined .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99deb149e2378553f5450aa5ae7e3394",
"text": "Microfilaria Microfilaria may also refer to an informal `` collective group '' genus name , proposed by Cobbold in 1882 . While a convenient category for newly discovered microfilariae which can not be assigned to a known species because the adults are unknown , it is seldom used today . The microfilaria ( plural microfilariae , sometimes abbreviated mf ) is an early stage in the life cycle of certain parasitic nematodes in the family Onchocercidae . In these species , the adults live in a tissue or the circulatory system of vertebrates ( the `` definitive hosts '' ) . They release microfilariae into the bloodstream of the vertebrate host . The microfilariae are taken up by blood-feeding arthropod vectors ( the `` intermediate hosts '' ) . In the intermediate host the microfilariae develop into infective larvae that can be transmitted to a new vertebrate host . The presence of microfilariae in the host bloodstream is called `` microfilaraemia '' . The success of filariasis eradication programs is typically gauged by the reduction in numbers of circulating microfilariae in infested individuals within a geographic area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1117a13077159a5b49db9e03dc40821",
"text": "Hand, foot, and mouth disease Hand , foot and mouth disease ( HFMD ) is a common infection caused by a group of viruses . It typically begins with a fever and feeling generally unwell . This is followed a day or two later by flat discolored spots or bumps that may blister , on the hands , feet , and mouth , and occasionally buttocks and groin . Signs and symptoms normally appear 3 -- 6 days after exposure to the virus . The rash generally goes away on its own in about a week . Fingernail and toenail loss may occur a few weeks later and these then regrow . The viruses that cause HFMD are spread through close personal contact , through the air from coughing , and the feces of an infected person . Contaminated objects can also spread the disease . Coxsackievirus A16 is the most common cause and Enterovirus 71 is the second-most common cause . Other strains of coxsackievirus and enterovirus can also be responsible . Some people may carry and pass on the virus despite having no symptoms of disease . Other animals are not involved . Diagnosis can often be made based on symptoms . Occasionally throat or stool sample may be tested for the virus . Handwashing may prevent spread and those infected should not go to work , daycare , or school . No antiviral medication or vaccine is available , but development efforts are underway . Most cases require no specific treatment . Simple pain medication such as ibuprofen or numbing mouth gel may be used . Occasionally intravenous fluids are given to children who are unable to drink enough . Rarely viral meningitis or encephalitis may complicate the disease . HFMD occurs in all areas of the world . It often occurs in small outbreaks in nursery schools or kindergartens . Large outbreaks have been occurring in Asia since 1997 . It usually occurs during the spring , summer , and fall months . Typically it occurs in children less than five years old , but can occasionally occur in adults . HFMD should not be confused with foot-and-mouth disease ( also known as hoof-and-mouth disease ) which mostly affects livestock .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d993ed6008f66405f91247a3784a3ea",
"text": "Epidemiology of chikungunya Chikungunya is a mosquito-borne alpha virus that was first isolated after a 1952 outbreak in modern-day Tanzania . The virus has circulated in forested regions of sub-Saharan African in cycles involving nonhuman primate hosts and arboreal mosquito vectors . Phylogenetic studies indicate that the urban transmission cycle -- the transmission of a pathogen between humans and mosquitoes that exist in urban environments -- was established on multiple occasions from strains occurring on the eastern half of Africa in non-human primate hosts . This emergence and spread beyond Africa may have started as early as the 18th century . Currently , available data does not indicate whether the introduction of chikungunya into Asia occurred in the 19th century or more recently , but this epidemic Asian strain causes outbreaks in India and continues to circulate in Southeast Asia . A number of chikungunya outbreaks have occurred since 2005 . An analysis of the chikungunya virus 's genetic code suggests that the increased severity of the 2005 -- present outbreak may be due to a change in the genetic sequence , altering the virus ' viral coat protein , which potentially allows it to multiply more easily in mosquito cells . The change allows the virus to use the Asian tiger mosquito ( an invasive species ) as a vector in addition to the more strictly tropical main vector , Aedes aegypti . In July 2006 , a team analyzed the virus ' RNA and determined the genetic changes that have occurred in various strains of the virus and identified those genetic sequences which led to the increased virulence of recent strains .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "225192f7f1dc3c7eff3f8cae6eb1317a",
"text": "Oesophagostomum Oesophagostomum is a genus of parasitic nematodes of the family Strongyloidae . These worms occur in Africa , Brazil , China , Indonesia and the Philippines . The majority of human infection with Oesophagostomum is localized to northern Togo and Ghana . Because the eggs may be indistinguishable from those of the hookworms ( which are widely distributed and can also rarely cause helminthomas ) , the species causing human helminthomas are rarely identified with accuracy . Oesophagostomum , especially O. bifurcum , are common parasites of livestock and animals like goats , pigs and non-human primates , although it seems that humans are increasingly becoming favorable hosts as well . The disease they cause , oesophagostomiasis , is known for the nodule formation it causes in the intestines of its infected hosts , which can lead to more serious problems such as dysentery . Although the routes of human infection have yet to be elucidated sufficiently , it is believed that transmission occurs through oral-fecal means , with infected humans unknowingly ingesting soil containing the infectious filariform larvae . Oesophagostomum infection is largely localized to northern Togo and Ghana in western Africa where it is a serious public health problem . Because it is so localized , research on intervention measures and the implementation of effective public health interventions have been lacking . In recent years , however , there have been advances in the diagnosis of Oesophagostomum infection with PCR assays and ultrasound and recent interventions involving mass treatment with albendazole shows promise for controlling and possibly eliminating Oesophagostomum infection in northern Togo and Ghana .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5c1e3755e79d71be5901846c51eeb13",
"text": "Ebola virus cases in the United States In December 2014 , Ebola virus cases in the United States occurred due to four laboratory-confirmed cases of Ebola virus disease ( commonly known as `` Ebola '' ) in the United States . Eleven cases have been reported , including these four cases and seven cases medically evacuated from other countries ; the first was reported in September 2014 . Nine of the people contracted the disease outside the US and traveled into the country , either as regular airline passengers or as medical evacuees ; of those nine , two died . Two people have contracted Ebola in the United States . Both were nurses who treated an Ebola patient ; both have recovered . On September 30 , 2014 , the CDC announced that Thomas Eric Duncan , a reportedly 42-year-old ( later corrected by CDC reports as a 45-year-old ) Liberian national visiting the United States from Liberia , had been diagnosed with Ebola in Dallas , Texas . Duncan , who had been visiting family in Dallas , was treated at Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas . By October 4 , Duncan 's condition had deteriorated from `` serious but stable '' to `` critical '' . On October 8 , Duncan died of Ebola.The other three cases diagnosed in the United States were : October 11 , 2014 , a nurse , Nina Pham , who had provided care to Duncan at the hospital . October 14 , 2014 , Amber Joy Vinson , another nurse who treated Duncan . October 23 , 2014 , physician Craig Spencer , diagnosed in New York City ; he had just returned from working with Doctors Without Borders in Guinea , a country in west Africa . Hundreds of people were tested or monitored for potential Ebola virus infection , but the two nurses were the only confirmed cases of locally transmitted Ebola . Public health experts and the Obama administration opposed instituting a travel ban on Ebola endemic areas , stating that it would be ineffective and would paradoxically worsen the situation . No one both contracted and died of Ebola virus disease while in the United States . No new cases have been diagnosed in the United States since Craig Spencer was released from a New York City hospital on November 11 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "692d1cabea522638229bb289e9731952",
"text": "Laryngeal papillomatosis Laryngeal papillomatosis , also known as recurrent respiratory papillomatosis or glottal papillomatosis or associated with condyloma acuminata , is a rare medical condition ( 2 per 100,000 adults and 4.5 per 100,000 children ) , caused by a human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection of the throat . Laryngeal papillomatosis causes assorted tumors or papillomas to develop over a period of time . Without treatment it is potentially fatal as uncontrolled growths could obstruct the airway . Laryngeal papillomatosis is caused by HPV types 6 and 11 , in which benign tumors form on the larynx or other areas of the respiratory tract . These tumors can recur frequently , may require repetitive surgery , and may interfere with breathing . The disease can be treated with surgery and antivirals . In addition antiangiogenic therapy shows promising results . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78d1fe9ac8bf31e0646ffdc8925fb239",
"text": "Dog bite prevention Dog bite prevention is the effort to educate the public on the prevention of being attacked , bitten and killed by a dog or dogs . Approximately 16,000 -- 39,000 persons come in contact with potentially rabid dogs and other animals and receive rabies pre - and postexposure prophylaxis against the rabies virus each year . Up to 800,000 Americans are treated for dog bites each year . About half are children . Young children are typically bitten by familiar or family dogs during normal activities . Some people , like the very young or the very old are more susceptible to being bitten and therefore may need additional methods of prevention . Approximately 4.5 million dog bites occur each year in the United States . Almost 1 out of 5 bites becomes infected . In addition to causing pain , injury , or nerve damage , dog bites can become infected , placing the bite victim at risk for illness or death . Those who work and live around dogs should be aware of the risk and take precautions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10b15e981728d207fa20108a79af335d",
"text": "Pertussis Pertussis ( also known as whooping cough or 100-day cough ) is a highly contagious bacterial disease . Initially , symptoms are usually similar to those of the common cold with a runny nose , fever , and mild cough . This is then followed by weeks of severe coughing fits . Following a fit of coughing , a high-pitched whoop sound or gasp may occur as the person breathes in . The coughing may last for 10 or more weeks , hence the phrase `` 100-day cough '' . A person may cough so hard that they vomit , break ribs , or become very tired from the effort . Children less than one year old may have little or no cough and instead have periods where they do not breathe . The time between infection and the onset of symptoms is usually seven to ten days . Disease may occur in those who have been vaccinated , but symptoms are typically milder . Pertussis is caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis . It is an airborne disease which spreads easily through the coughs and sneezes of an infected person . People are infectious to others from the start of symptoms until about three weeks into the coughing fits . Those treated with antibiotics are no longer infectious after five days . Diagnosis is by collecting a sample from the back of the nose and throat . This sample can then be tested by either culture or by polymerase chain reaction . Prevention is mainly by vaccination with the pertussis vaccine . Initial immunization is recommended between six and eight weeks of age , with four doses to be given in the first two years of life . The vaccine becomes less effective over time , with additional doses often recommended for older children and adults . Antibiotics may be used to prevent the disease in those who have been exposed and are at risk of severe disease . In those with the disease , antibiotics are useful if started within three weeks of the initial symptoms , but otherwise have little effect in most people . In children less than one year old and among those who are pregnant , they are recommended within six weeks of symptom onset . Antibiotics used include erythromycin , azithromycin , clarithromycin , or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole . Evidence to support interventions , other than antibiotics , for the cough is poor . Many children less than a year of age require hospitalization . An estimated 16.3 million people worldwide were infected in 2015 . Most cases occur in the developing world , and people of all ages may be affected . In 2015 , it resulted in 58,700 deaths -- down from 138,000 deaths in 1990 . Nearly 0.5 % of infected children less than one year of age die . Outbreaks of the disease were first described in the 16th century . The bacterium that causes the infection was discovered in 1906 . The pertussis vaccine became available in the 1940s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "faada831d5feb8db6987748ca6749052",
"text": "Ebola vaccine Ebola vaccine candidates against Ebola have been developed in the decade prior to 2014 , but none have yet been approved for clinical use in humans . Several promising vaccine candidates have been shown to protect nonhuman primates ( usually macaques ) against lethal infection . These include replication-deficient adenovirus vectors , replication-competent vesicular stomatitis ( VSV ) and human parainfluenza ( HPIV-3 ) vectors , and virus-like nanoparticle preparations . Conventional trials to study efficacy by exposure of humans to the pathogen after immunization are obviously not feasible in this case . For such situations , the FDA has established the `` Animal Efficacy Rule '' allowing licensure to be approved on the basis of animal model studies that replicate human disease , combined with evidence of safety and a potentially potent immune response ( antibodies in the blood ) from humans given the vaccine . Clinical trials involve the administration of the vaccine to healthy human subjects to evaluate the immune response , identify any side effects and determine the appropriate dosage . In December 2016 , a study found the VSV-EBOV vaccine to be 70 -- 100 % effective against the Ebola virus , making it the first proven vaccine against the disease .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6b61856fbd0c10b73c77432f00e7790",
"text": "Dermatitis herpetiformis Dermatitis herpetiformis ( DH ) , or Duhring 's disease , Freedberg , et al. ( 2003 ) . Fitzpatrick 's Dermatology in General Medicine . ( 6th ed . ) . McGraw-Hill . ISBN 0-07-138076-0 . is a chronic blistering skin condition , characterised by blisters filled with a watery fluid . Despite its name , DH is neither related to nor caused by herpes virus : the name means that it is a skin inflammation having an appearance similar to herpes . DH was first described by Louis Adolphus Duhring in 1884 . A connection between DH and celiac disease was recognised in 1967 , although the exact causal mechanism is not known . DH is a specific manifestation of celiac disease . The age of onset is usually about 15-40 , but DH can also affect children and the elderly . Men and women are equally affected . Estimates of DH prevalence vary from 1 in 400 to 1 in 10,000 . It is most common in patients of northern European/northern Indian ancestry , and is associated with the HLA-DQ2 haplotype along with coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7d03ce97cf2eada7b1ebac9440a62d54 | An actress from the United States starred in Joy. | [
{
"docid": "d2a80ea08ee6120733a07b0008b2d18c",
"text": "Jennifer Lawrence Jennifer Shrader Lawrence ( born August 15 , 1990 ) is an American actress . Since 2015 , Lawrence has been the highest-paid actress in the world , and her films have grossed over $ 5.5 billion worldwide . She appeared in Time 100 most influential people in the world in 2013 and Forbes Celebrity 100 the following year and in 2016 . During her childhood , Lawrence performed in church plays and school musicals . When she was 14 , a talent scout spotted her in New York . She then moved to Los Angeles and began her acting career by playing guest roles in television shows . Her first major role came as a main cast member on the sitcom The Bill Engvall Show ( 2007 -- 2009 ) . Lawrence made her film debut with a supporting role in Garden Party ( 2008 ) , and had her breakthrough playing a poverty-stricken teenager in the independent drama Winter 's Bone ( 2010 ) . She achieved wider recognition for playing the mutant Mystique in X-Men : First Class ( 2011 ) , a role she reprised in later installments of the series . Lawrence 's fame continued to grow with her starring role as Katniss Everdeen in the Hunger Games film series ( 2012 -- 2015 ) , which established her as the highest-grossing action heroine of all time . She went on to earn various accolades from her collaborations with director David O. Russell . Her performance as a depressed widow in the romance film Silver Linings Playbook ( 2012 ) received an Academy Award for Best Actress , making her the second youngest Best Actress Oscar winner . Lawrence subsequently won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for playing a troubled wife in the black comedy American Hustle ( 2013 ) . She also received Golden Globe Awards for her roles in both of these films and for playing the eponymous inventor in the biopic Joy ( 2015 ) . Lawrence is known in the media for being a vocal advocate of feminism and gender equality , and is the founder of the Jennifer Lawrence Foundation through which she supports various charitable organizations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc07d6b48325dd71368077a75aa5fbc",
"text": "Joy (film) Joy is a 2015 American biographical comedy-drama film , written and directed by David O. Russell and starring Jennifer Lawrence as Joy Mangano , about whom the story is loosely based as a self-made millionaire who created her own business empire . Joy received a theatrical release on December 25 , 2015 , distributed by 20th Century Fox . It received mixed reviews from critics , who praised Lawrence 's performance but criticized the writing and pace of the film . Lawrence received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for her performance . Joy was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy , among other accolades .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9dc25a7f1c07ffd673c318ffca65d793",
"text": "Caitlin Dulany Caitlin Dulany is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed392ed6f0e7ab9f95151bb7c7b7a432",
"text": "Country Joy Country Joy is a Canadian soap opera television series which aired on CBC Television from 1979 to 1980 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0eac8226fcd34f2ef02c2b7794fa339b",
"text": "Jessica Stroup Jessica Leigh Stroup ( born October 23 , 1986 ) is an American actress , best known for her role as Erin Silver on 90210 , Max Hardy on The Following , and Joy Meachum in Iron Fist . She is regarded as a scream queen for starring in the horror films Prom Night , Vampire Bats , Left in Darkness , and The Hills Have Eyes 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "749bfd09b56d85aad430e8f770d825e1",
"text": "Joy Boushel Joy Boushel ( born 15 December 1959 ) is an actress who appeared in a handful of movies and TV shows . Boushel 's acting career has consisted of Pick-up Summer ( 1980 ) , Terror Train ( 1980 ) , Quest for Fire ( 1982 ) , Humongous ( 1982 ) , Thrillkill ( 1984 ) , The Fly ( 1986 ) , Keeping Track ( 1987 ) , Look Who 's Talking ( 1989 ) , and Cursed ( 1990 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "52c7283e650584337f7251062af98a36",
"text": "Marion Marshall (actress) Marion Marshall ( born Marion Tanner ; June 8 , 1929 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec124f1f5664897184af737d01d67751",
"text": "Aunjanue Ellis Aunjanue L. Ellis ( born February 21 , 1969 ) is an American film , stage , and television actress , and producer . She began her acting career in theater , and made her film debut in Girls Town . She later had leading roles in a number of independent movies , and co-starred in several mainstream films . Ellis is best known for her roles in films Men of Honor ( 2000 ) , The Caveman 's Valentine ( 2001 ) , Undercover Brother ( 2002 ) , Ray ( 2004 ) , The Express ( 2008 ) , The Taking of Pelham 123 ( 2009 ) and The Help ( 2011 ) . On television , Ellis had regular role in the ABC police drama series High Incident ( 1996 -- 97 ) , and later co-starred in a number of short-lived dramas . She had recurring roles on The Practice , True Blood , and The Mentalist , and played roles in a number of made for television movies , such as Gifted Hands : The Ben Carson Story ( 2009 ) and Abducted : The Carlina White Story ( 2013 ) . In 2015 , Ellis played the leading role in the miniseries The Book of Negroes , based on bestselling novel by Lawrence Hill . She received critical acclaim and a Critic 's Choice Award nomination for Best Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Later that year , she began starring as Miranda Shaw in the ABC thriller series Quantico . In 2016 , Ellis played Nancy Turner , Nat Turner 's mother , in the critically acclaimed period drama film , The Birth of a Nation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9068d7e9e360403bd15be8490c400310",
"text": "Joy Behar Josephine Victoria Behar ( -LSB- ˈbeɪhɑːr -RSB- née Occhiuto ; born October 7 , 1942 ) is an American comedian , writer , and actress . She co-hosts the ABC daytime talk show The View . She hosted The Joy Behar Show on HLN from 2009 to 2011 and Joy Behar : Say Anything ! on Current TV , from 2012 until the channel switched formats in August 2013 . Behar 's new weekly late-night talk show , Late Night Joy , premiered on TLC in November 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d61940558f6baa854cfac3f831b36ac5",
"text": "Joy (South African band) Joy was a South African female vocal group , who had a charts-topping hit in South Africa in 1980 with `` Paradise Road '' . The record spent nine weeks at the No. 1 spot , and went on to become considered an unofficial South African anthem . Felicia Marion , Thoko Ndlozi and Anneline Malebo joined forces in 1979 and proceeded to set South African stages alight with colourful and fiery performances . They were very successful in the South African charts as well . Prior to their forming , each singer led a solo career . Thoko Ndlozi had appeared in a couple of Gibson Kente 's productions , Zwi and Sikalo , and had sung with the Uncle Joe Rhythm Cabins . Felicia Marion did backing vocals for Sammy Brown and toured the country with the Sound Black Shows . Anneline Malebo toured with the Rockets and recorded two solo singles : `` Let 's Live Together '' ( 1976 ) and `` Love The Way You Love '' ( 1977 ) . Brenda Fassie sang with Joy for a short period , filling in for Anneline Malebo who was on maternity leave . Joy have supported Lamont Dozier , Timmy Thomas , Clarence Carter and Dobie Gray on their South African tours , and Leo Sayer at Sun City . The trio also held a lengthy singing-recording relationship with Spirits Rejoice . Joy won two SARIE Awards for Best Vocal Group and Best English LP of the Year in 1980 . They broke up in 1983 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37da7636c780f7f250727b24baf063bb",
"text": "Lois Smith Lois Arlene Smith ( née Humbert ; born November 3 , 1930 ) is an American actress . She has played supporting roles in films including East of Eden , Five Easy Pieces , Resurrection , Fatal Attraction , Fried Green Tomatoes , Dead Man Walking , Tumbleweeds , Twister , Please Give , and The Nice Guys . In television she has performed in series that include The Americans , True Blood , and Desperate Housewives . Smith is also known for her extensive work in the theatre , receiving two Tony Award nominations for originating the role of Ma Joad in The Grapes of Wrath ( 1990 ) and for the role of Halie in a revival of Buried Child in 1996 . She also starred in an acclaimed Off-Broadway revival of The Trip to Bountiful in 2005 for which she received an Obie Award for Best Actress , an Outer Critics Circle Award , a Lucille Lortel Award , and a Drama Desk Award . Smith is an ensemble member of Steppenwolf Theatre Company in Chicago . She was inducted into the American Theatre Hall of Fame in 2007 for her outstanding contributions to the theatre . In 2013 she was given a Lifetime Achievement Obie Award for excellence in Off-Broadway performance . In her career she has also taught , directed , and written for the stage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44b4f109a6f98f07abff559e204e34fc",
"text": "Anne Bloom Anne Bloom ( born January 1 ( New Year 's Day ) , 1947 , in Los Angeles ) is an American former film and television actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b664f240c78ef3df45e19c376e99c08b",
"text": "Petra Joy Petra Joy ( born 1964 in Kempten , West Germany ) is an award-winning German feminist film director , film producer , TV producer , distributor , author , and photographer . She lives in Brighton , England . Along with Candida Royalle , Annie Sprinkle , Maria Beatty , and others , she is one of the pioneers of the movement to make pornography for women . Her genre is described as `` art-core , '' meaning the focus is on sexuality from the female perspective , female pleasure , and creative , sensual play . Common themes in her erotic films include safe sex , men seen as sexual objects , female fantasies , and male bisexuality .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b5a8dea753d95d01fe6f12b437a5052",
"text": "Joy Davidson Joy Davidson ( born August 18 , 1937 , Fort Collins , Colorado ) is an American operatic mezzo-soprano , actress , and pedagogue . She has performed internationally in many of the world 's great opera houses .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d7bd9f9bdac2af58d43937630af0fbd",
"text": "Julie Ann Emery Julie Ann Emery ( born January 16 , 1975 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a76b1d8822bae9636a053db2fcdb1e4",
"text": "Sylvia Kauders Sylvia Kauders ( née Wolinsky ; December 1 , 1921 -- May 5 , 2016 ) was an American film , television , and theater actress known for numerous small but memorable roles on Broadway and in major motion pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "024513f14edff7bc17898d3ad22d0c25",
"text": "Han Ye-seul Han Ye-seul ( born Leslie Kim on 18 September 1981 ) is an American-born South Korean actress . She made her acting debut in the sitcom Nonstop 4 ( 2003 ) , and has since played leading roles in television dramas such as Couple or Trouble ( 2006 ) , Tazza ( 2008 ) , and Birth of a Beauty ( 2014 ) , as well as the films Miss Gold Digger ( 2007 ) and Penny Pinchers ( 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f23b5aec5bd81e73ba716439b60e4a6f",
"text": "Osas Ighodaro Osas Ighodaro Ajibade ( born Osariemen Martha Elizabeth Ighodaro ; 26 October ) is a Nigerian American actress , host and humanitarian . She won the Miss Black USA Pageant in 2010 and founded The Joyful Joy Foundation , raising funds and awareness towards the fight against Malaria . Additionally , she co-hosted the 2014 Africa Magic Viewers Choice Awards . She played the role of Adanna ( Danni ) on the soap opera Tinsel , and won Best TV Actress of the Year at the 2014 ELOY Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91f1227ab7fa88c887d524df013f26e3",
"text": "Susan Johnson (actress) Susan Johnson ( July 6 , 1927 -- February 24 , 2003 ) , also known as Susan Johnson-Kehn , was an American actress and singer . She appeared primarily in musical theatre , but also appeared in films and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95da2e0ca5d030c3853000827220e3cf",
"text": "Sondra Currie Sondra Currie ( born Sandra Marie Currie ; January 11 , 1947 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6d88f249b8f199445d293584ae1ea3a",
"text": "Anne Twomey Anne Carolyn Twomey ( born 7 June 1951 ) is an American theater , film , and television actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57b652ef2ecd97307616cc932d95bb63",
"text": "Kimberlin Brown Kimberlin Ann Brown ( born June 29 , 1961 ) is an American actress , best known for her role as Sheila Carter in The Young and the Restless ( May 1990 to May 1992 , 1993 , 1994 , 1995 , August 2005 to January 2006 ) and The Bold and the Beautiful ( May 1992 to October 2 , 1998 , April 2002 to November 2002 , September 29 , 2003 to October 10 , 2003 ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
96aa735828513683fa14804dbcaa8bf9 | The Incredible Hulk is the second highest-grossing film in America. | [
{
"docid": "906a236b76d380bb209a35d586d2b0e0",
"text": "The Incredible Hulk (film) The Incredible Hulk is a 2008 American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character the Hulk , produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Universal Pictures . It is the second film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) . The film was directed by Louis Leterrier , with a screenplay by Zak Penn. . It stars Edward Norton , Liv Tyler , Tim Roth , Tim Blake Nelson , Ty Burrell , and William Hurt . In The Incredible Hulk , a new backstory is established where Bruce Banner becomes the Hulk as an unwitting pawn in a military scheme to reinvigorate the supersoldier program through gamma radiation . On the run , he attempts to cure himself of the Hulk before he is captured by General Thaddeus Ross , but his worst fears are realized when power-hungry soldier Emil Blonsky becomes a similar , but more bestial creature . After the mixed reception to the 2003 film Hulk , Marvel Studios reacquired the rights to the character . Leterrier , who had expressed interest in directing Iron Man , was brought onboard and Penn began work on a loose sequel that would be much closer to the comics and the 1978 television series of the same name . In April 2007 , Norton was hired to portray Banner and to rewrite Penn 's screenplay in order to distance itself from the 2003 film and establish its own identity , although he would go uncredited for his writing . Filming mostly took place in Toronto , Ontario , from July to November 2007 . Over 700 visual effects shots were created in post-production using a combination of motion capture and computer-generated imagery to complete the film . The Incredible Hulk premiered on June 8 , 2008 at the Gibson Amphitheatre in Universal City , California and was released in theaters on June 13 , 2008 , receiving generally favorable reviews by critics upon release . Critical praise went to the improved visuals , action sequences , and the portrayal of the title character . The film was number one at the box office , grossing over $ 263 million worldwide . Norton was set to reprise the role of Banner in The Avengers and any other MCU installment featuring the character , but he was ultimately replaced by Mark Ruffalo , who has signed on to portray the character in all potential sequels .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2eb6c4391d6099a4480c69d005447066",
"text": "Kung Fu Panda 2 Kung Fu Panda 2 is a 2011 3D American computer-animated comedy-drama martial arts film , directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson , produced by DreamWorks Animation , and distributed by Paramount Pictures . It is the sequel to the 2008 film Kung Fu Panda and the second installment in the Kung Fu Panda franchise . Jack Black , Angelina Jolie , Dustin Hoffman , Seth Rogen , Lucy Liu , David Cross , James Hong , and Jackie Chan reprise their character roles from the original film . They are joined by Gary Oldman , Michelle Yeoh and Danny McBride . In the film , Po and the Furious Five battle an evil peacock named Lord Shen who has a powerful weapon that he plans to conquer China with . However Po discovers a terrifying secret about his past in the process . The film was released in theatres May 26 , 2011 in Real D 3D and Digital 3D . Kung Fu Panda 2 grossed $ 665 million worldwide against its $ 150 million budget . The film was the highest-grossing animated feature film of the year and was nominated for the 2011 Academy Award for Best Animated Feature at the 84th Academy Awards . A sequel , titled Kung Fu Panda 3 , and directed by Jennifer Yuh Nelson and Alessandro Carloni , was released on January 29 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e05956e8ed91bed9a8dd89213d43da62",
"text": "Thor (Marvel Comics) Thor Odinson is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character , based on the Norse mythological deity of the same name , is the Asgardian god of thunder and possesses the enchanted hammer Mjolnir , which grants him the ability of flight and weather manipulation amongst his other superhuman attributes . Debuting in the Silver Age of Comic Books , the character first appeared in Journey into Mystery # 83 ( Aug. 1962 ) and was created by editor-plotter Stan Lee , scripter Larry Lieber , and penciller-plotter Jack Kirby . He has starred in several ongoing series and limited series , and is a founding member of the superhero team the Avengers , appearing in each volume of that series . The character has also appeared in associated Marvel merchandise including animated television series , clothing , toys , trading cards , video games , and movies . The character was first portrayed in live action by Eric Allan Kramer in the 1988 television movie The Incredible Hulk Returns . Chris Hemsworth portrays Thor in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor , The Avengers , Thor : The Dark World and Avengers : Age of Ultron and will reprise his role in Thor : Ragnarok , Avengers : Infinity War , and its untitled sequel . Thor placed 14th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes of All Time '' in 2011 , and first in their list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ced05eef9ffac83662b4e2c14f405499",
"text": "Captain Marvel (DC Comics) Captain Marvel , also known as Shazam , is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by DC Comics . Artist C. C. Beck and writer Bill Parker created the character in 1939 . Captain Marvel first appeared in Whiz Comics # 2 ( cover-dated Feb. 1940 ) , published by Fawcett Comics . He is the alter ego of Billy Batson , a boy who , by speaking the magic word `` SHAZAM '' ( acronym of 6 Greek `` immortal elders '' - Solomon , Hercules , Atlas , Zeus , Achilles , and Mercury ) , can transform himself into a costumed adult with the powers of superhuman strength , speed , flight , and other abilities . Based on book sales , the character was the most popular superhero of the 1940s , outselling even Superman . Fawcett expanded the franchise to include other `` Marvels '' , primarily Marvel Family associates Mary Marvel and Captain Marvel Jr. , who can harness Billy 's powers as well . Captain Marvel was also the first comic book superhero to be adapted into film , in a 1941 Republic Pictures serial titled Adventures of Captain Marvel . Fawcett ceased publishing Captain Marvel-related comics in 1953 , partly because of a copyright infringement suit from DC Comics , alleging that Captain Marvel was a copy of Superman . In 1972 , DC licensed the Marvel Family characters from Fawcett , and returned them to publication . By 1991 , DC had acquired all rights to the characters . DC has since integrated Captain Marvel and the Marvel Family into their DC Universe and has attempted to revive the property several times , with mixed success . Due to trademark conflicts over another character named `` Captain Marvel '' owned by Marvel Comics since 1967 , DC chose to publish the character 's adventures in a comic book titled Shazam ! for many years , leading many to assume that this was the character 's name . DC later officially renamed the character `` Shazam '' when relaunching its comic book properties in 2011 . In addition , since 1972 , the character has been featured in two television series adaptations , one live action and one animated , by Filmation , and an upcoming Warner Bros. . Shazam ! feature film scheduled for release in 2019 as part of the DC Extended Universe . Captain Marvel was ranked as the 55th greatest comic book character of all time by Wizard magazine . IGN also ranked Captain Marvel as the 50th greatest comic book hero of all time , stating that the character will always be an enduring reminder of a simpler time . UGO Networks ranked him as one of the top heroes of entertainment , saying , `` At his best , Shazam has always been Superman with a sense of crazy , goofy fun '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ac9b47f5bae389633a818d3a790276b",
"text": "The Dark Knight (film) The Dark Knight is a 2008 superhero film directed , co-produced , and co-written by Christopher Nolan . Featuring the DC Comics character Batman , the film is the second part of Nolan 's The Dark Knight Trilogy and a sequel to 2005 's Batman Begins , starring an ensemble cast including Christian Bale , Michael Caine , Heath Ledger , Gary Oldman , Aaron Eckhart , Maggie Gyllenhaal and Morgan Freeman . In the film , Bruce Wayne/Batman ( Bale ) , James Gordon ( Oldman ) and Harvey Dent ( Eckhart ) form an alliance to dismantle organized crime in Gotham City , but are menaced by a criminal mastermind known as the Joker ( Ledger ) who seeks to undermine Batman 's influence and create chaos . Nolan 's inspiration for the film was the Joker 's comic book debut in 1940 , the 1988 graphic novel The Killing Joke , and the 1996 series The Long Halloween , which retold Two-Face 's origin . The nickname `` the Dark Knight '' was first applied to Batman in Batman # 1 ( 1940 ) , in a story written by Bill Finger . The Dark Knight was filmed primarily in Chicago , as well as in several other locations in the United States , the United Kingdom , and Hong Kong . Nolan used IMAX 70 mm film cameras to film some sequences , including the Joker 's first appearance in the film . The film is dedicated to the memory of Ledger , who died on January 22 , 2008 , some months after the completed filming and six months before the film 's release , from a toxic combination of prescription drugs , leading to intense attention from the press and movie-going public . Warner Bros. initially created a viral marketing campaign for The Dark Knight , developing promotional websites and trailers highlighting screenshots of Ledger as the Joker . A co-production of the United States and the United Kingdom , The Dark Knight was released on July 16 , 2008 in Australia , on July 18 , 2008 , in North America , and on July 25 , 2008 , in the United Kingdom . Considered by film critics to be one of the best films of the 2000s and one of the best superhero films ever , the film received highly positive reviews and set numerous records during its theatrical run . The Dark Knight appeared on more critics ' top ten lists ( 287 ) than any other film of 2008 with the exception of WALL-E , and more critics ( 77 ) named The Dark Knight the best film of 2008 than any other film released that year . With over $ 1 billion in revenue worldwide , it is the 29th-highest-grossing film of all time , unadjusted for inflation . The film received eight Academy Award nominations ; it won the award for Best Sound Editing and Ledger was posthumously awarded Best Supporting Actor . The Dark Knight Rises , the final film in the trilogy , was released on July 20 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d698ed9bc14db99bc46568a252539259",
"text": "Will Smith Willard Carroll Smith Jr. ( born September 15 , 1968 ) is an American actor , producer , rapper , and songwriter . In April 2007 , Newsweek called him `` the most powerful actor in Hollywood '' . Smith has been nominated for five Golden Globe Awards and two Academy Awards , and has won four Grammy Awards . In the late 1980s , Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince . In 1990 , his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular NBC television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , which ran for six seasons until 1996 . After the series ended , Smith transitioned from television to film , and has gone on to star in numerous blockbuster films . He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $ 100 million in the domestic box office , eleven consecutive films gross over $ 150 million internationally , and eight consecutive films in which he starred open at the number one spot in the domestic box office tally . Smith has been ranked as the most bankable star worldwide by Forbes . As of 2014 , 17 of the 21 films in which he has had leading roles have accumulated worldwide gross earnings of over $ 100 million each , five taking in over $ 500 million each in global box office receipts . As of 2016 , his films have grossed $ 7.5 billion at the global box office . For his performances as boxer Muhammad Ali in Ali ( 2001 ) and stockbroker Chris Gardner in The Pursuit of Happyness ( 2006 ) , Smith received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db78e203bc4ec780312679f68b51ceb0",
"text": "Motion Picture Association of America film rating system The Motion Picture Association of America ( MPAA ) film rating system is used in the United States and its territories to rate a film 's suitability for certain audiences based on its content . The MPAA rating system is a voluntary scheme that is not enforced by law ; films can be exhibited without a rating , although many theaters refuse to exhibit non-rated or NC-17 rated films . Non-members of MPAA may also submit films for rating . Other media , such as television programs and video games , is rated by other entities such as the ESRB and the TV Parental Guidelines . The MPAA rating system is one of various motion picture rating systems that are used to help parents decide what films are appropriate for their children . It is administered by the Classification & Ratings Administration ( CARA ) , an independent division of the MPAA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db1004c025efd393607f879831ad4c53",
"text": "Crocodile Dundee Crocodile Dundee ( stylized as `` Crocodile '' Dundee in the U.S. ) is a 1986 Australian-American comedy film set in the Australian Outback and in New York City . It stars Paul Hogan as the weathered Mick Dundee . Hogan 's future wife Linda Kozlowski portrayed Sue Charlton . Inspired by the true life exploits of Rod Ansell , the film was made on a budget of under $ 10 million as a deliberate attempt to make a commercial Australian film that would appeal to a mainstream American audience , but proved to be a worldwide phenomenon . Released on 30 April 1986 in Australia , and on 26 September 1986 in the United States , it was the second-highest-grossing film in the United States in that year and went on to become the second-highest grossing film worldwide at the box office as well , with an estimated 46 million tickets sold in the US . There are two versions of the film : the Australian version , and an international version , which had much of the Australian slang replaced with more commonly understood terms , and was slightly shorter . Although the film was a hit both in Australia and abroad , it became controversial with some Australian critics and audiences -- who resented the image of Australians as being ocker . The first scenes were filmed in the small town of McKinlay in Queensland . The hotel has original warped and polished hardwood floors . There are no crocodiles in the area as it 's in the outback with no major water source . Crocodile Dundee was followed by two sequels : Crocodile Dundee II ( 1988 ) and Crocodile Dundee in Los Angeles ( 2001 ) , although both films failed to match the critical success of the predecessor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f501bca0cd78ba1f30657e298cc11aa4",
"text": "List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1983 The Billboard 200 , published in Billboard magazine , is a weekly chart that ranks the highest-selling music albums and EPs in the United States . In 1983 , the name of the chart was Top LPs & Tape . Before Nielsen SoundScan began tracking sales in 1991 , Billboard estimated sales from a representative sampling of record stores nationwide , using telephone , fax or messenger service . Data were based on rankings made by the record stores of the best-selling records , not on actual sales figures . There were six number-one albums on this chart in 1983 , including the debut album of the Australian band Men at Work , Business as Usual , which spent the last seven weeks of 1982 and the first eight weeks of 1983 at number one , and was certified quadruple platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in 1984 . Thriller , the sixth studio album by recording artist Michael Jackson , was released on November 1982 . It peaked at number one for twenty-two non-consecutive weeks in 1983 with another fifteen consecutive weeks at the top into the following year , and seven songs from the album became top ten singles between late 1982 and early 1984 . Two of them : `` Billie Jean '' and `` Beat It '' , reached the top position of the Billboard Hot 100 . Thriller won eight Grammy Awards , including Album of the Year at the 26th Grammy Awards , and was the best-selling album of 1983 with more than fifteen million copies sold . In 2008 , twenty-five years after its release , the record was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame , and a few weeks later , it was among twenty-five recordings preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry as `` culturally significant '' . Flashdance , the soundtrack to the 1983 musical and romance film of the same name , peaked at number one for two weeks and won the Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack Album for a Motion Picture . The two singles released from the album , `` Flashdance ... What a Feeling '' by Irene Cara , and `` Maniac '' by Michael Sembello , reached the top of the singles chart in 1983 . The New York Times considered the British band The Police to be the year 's most influential rock band . Australian , British , and American bands copied the white-reggae formula of their ( The Police 's ) earlier successes . The group released their fifth and final studio album , Synchronicity , in 1983 . The album , a varied accomplished blend of rock , funk , and third-world rhythms , stayed at number one for seventeen weeks and was certified four times platinum by the RIAA in 1984 . Metal Health , the third album by heavy metal band Quiet Riot , peaked at number one for one week , becoming the first heavy metal record to reach the top of the Billboard 200 . Singer-songwriter Lionel Richie released his second album Ca n't Slow Down in 1983 , which spent three weeks at the top and won the Grammy Award for Album of the Year at the 27th Grammy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e50128bcbd5d2f49bc495827ef5995c",
"text": "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial is a 1982 American science fiction fantasy film co-produced and directed by Steven Spielberg , and written by Melissa Mathison . It features special effects by Carlo Rambaldi and Dennis Muren , and stars Henry Thomas , Dee Wallace , Robert MacNaughton , Drew Barrymore , Peter Coyote and Pat Welsh . It tells the story of Elliott ( Thomas ) , a lonely boy who befriends an extraterrestrial , dubbed `` E.T. '' , who is stranded on Earth . He and his siblings help it return home while attempting to keep it hidden from their mother and the government . The concept was based on an imaginary friend Spielberg created after his parents ' divorce in 1960 . In 1980 , Spielberg met Mathison and developed a new story from the stalled sci-fi horror film project Night Skies . It was shot from September to December 1981 in California on a budget of US$ 10.5 million . Unlike most films , it was shot in rough chronological order , to facilitate convincing emotional performances from the young cast . Released on June 11 , 1982 by Universal Pictures , E.T was an immediate blockbuster , surpassing Star Wars to become the highest-grossing film of all time -- a record it held for eleven years until Jurassic Park , another Spielberg-directed film , surpassed it in 1993 . It is the highest-grossing film of the 1980s . Widely regarded as one of the greatest films of all time , critics acclaimed it as a timeless story of friendship , and it ranks as the greatest science fiction film ever made in a Rotten Tomatoes survey . In 1994 , it was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry as being `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' . It was re-released in 1985 , and then again in 2002 to celebrate its 20th anniversary , with altered shots and additional scenes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4e29517648c01e1e581e4268fd7e95f",
"text": "Die Hard with a Vengeance Die Hard with a Vengeance is a 1995 American action film and the third in the Die Hard film series . It was co-produced and directed by John McTiernan ( who directed Die Hard ) , written by Jonathan Hensleigh , and stars Bruce Willis as New York City Police Department Lieutenant John McClane , Samuel L. Jackson as McClane 's reluctant partner Zeus Carver , and Jeremy Irons as Simon Peter Gruber . It was released on May 19 , 1995 , five years after Die Hard 2 , becoming the highest-grossing film at the worldwide box-office that year , but received mixed reviews . It was followed by Live Free or Die Hard and A Good Day to Die Hard in 2007 and 2013 , respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48929d0db43509ad9e93c04b85b6cea4",
"text": "Gran Torino Gran Torino is a 2008 American drama film directed and produced by Clint Eastwood , who also starred in the film . The film co-stars Christopher Carley , Bee Vang and Ahney Her . This was Eastwood 's first starring role since 2004 's Million Dollar Baby . The film features a large Hmong American cast , as well as one of Eastwood 's younger sons , Scott . Eastwood 's oldest son , Kyle , provided the score . Gran Torino opened via a limited theatrical release in North America on December 12 , 2008 , and later to a worldwide release on January 9 , 2009 . Set in Detroit , Michigan , it is the first mainstream American film to feature Hmong Americans . Many Lao Hmong war refugees resettled in the U.S. following the communist takeover of Laos in 1975 . The story follows Walt Kowalski , a recently widowed Korean War veteran alienated from his family and angry at the world . Walt 's young neighbor , Thao Vang Lor , is pressured by his cousin into stealing Walt 's prized 1972 Ford Gran Torino for his initiation into a gang . Walt thwarts the theft with his M1 Garand rifle and subsequently develops a relationship with the boy and his family . Gran Torino was a critical and commercial success , grossing nearly $ 270 million worldwide ( making it Eastwood 's second highest-grossing film to date ) . Within the Hmong community in the United States , the film received both praise and criticism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5080049e8ea5518cf12fd0944e132b55",
"text": "Paul Blart: Mall Cop Paul Blart : Mall Cop is a 2009 American action comedy film directed by Steve Carr and co-written by Kevin James , who stars as the title character , Paul Blart . Filming began in February 2008 with most of the shooting taking place at the Burlington Mall in Burlington , Massachusetts . The film opened in the United States on January 16 , 2009 , distributed by Columbia Pictures . Against a budget of $ 26 million , it grossed $ 31.8 million in its opening weekend and finished with a gross of more than $ 146 million in North America and a worldwide total exceeded $ 183 million . Paul Blart : Mall Cop was released on DVD , Blu-ray , and UMD on May 19 , 2009 . A sequel , Paul Blart : Mall Cop 2 , was released on April 17 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d234d4a641c49429238cb1950043a61a",
"text": "Events from the Modern Age of Comic Books One of the key aspects of the Modern Age of Comic Books was that it was the beginning of big events . In 1984 , Marvel Comics debuted the first large crossover , Secret Wars , a storyline featuring the company 's most prolific superheroes , which overlapped into a 12-issue limited series and many monthly comic books . A year later , DC Comics introduced its first large scale crossover , Crisis on Infinite Earths , which had long-term effects on the `` DC Universe '' continuity . In the early and mid-1990s , big events were regularly published by Marvel and DC , often leading to extra publicity and sales . These events helped fend-off competition from Image Comics , and such events were more likely to become `` collector 's items . '' Some events , such as DC 's `` Zero Hour '' and Marvel 's `` Onslaught saga '' spanned a publisher 's entire line while others only affected a `` family '' of interrelated titles . The X-Men and Batman franchises featured crossovers almost annually . Some of the most significant mid-1990s events , such as Spider-Man 's `` Clone Saga , '' Batman 's `` Batman : Knightfall '' and particularly , `` The Death of Superman '' caused dramatic changes to long-running characters and received coverage in the mainstream media . These events led to significant sales boosts and publicity , but many fans began to criticize them as excessive and lacking compelling storytelling . They also complained that monthly series had become inaccessible because one had to follow a number of comics to understand the full storyline . By the end of the 1990s , the number of large crossovers decreased , but they were still launched sporadically .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1655975ea2b141bfd7957f5ee86c985",
"text": "List of American films of 1978 A list of American films released in 1978 . The Deer Hunter won the Academy Award for Best Picture of 1978 . Superman was the highest-grossing film of 1978 . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf",
"text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce1cca31b813e3d384d0448134693a3f",
"text": "Film industry in Georgia (U.S. state) The film industry in Georgia was , in 2015 , the third largest among U.S. states , eclipsed only by California and New York State . The industry in Georgia was boosted substantially by tax incentives introduced in 2002 and strengthened in 2008 . The state government claims $ 770 million in economic impact to Georgia ( 2009 ) , while industry sources claim that the tax subsidy costs the state $ 141 million ( 2010 ) . Atlanta is the center of the film industry in Georgia with Turner , Tyler Perry and EUE/Screen Gems studios located there . There were 348 productions shot in the state in 2009 . Films shot in Georgia include Tyler Perry 's Meet the Browns ( 2008 ) , Life as We Know It ( 2010 ) , and Contagion ( 2011 ) . Atlanta has been called the `` Hollywood of the South '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64daf635e0704799258b62ebaea7c666",
"text": "Art film An art film is typically a serious , independent film aimed at a niche market rather than a mass market audience . An art film is `` intended to be a serious artistic work , often experimental and not designed for mass appeal '' ; they are `` made primarily for aesthetic reasons rather than commercial profit '' , and they contain `` unconventional or highly symbolic content '' . Film critics and film studies scholars typically define an art film as possessing `` formal qualities that mark them as different from mainstream Hollywood films '' , which can include , among other elements , a sense of social realism ; an emphasis on the authorial expressiveness of the director ; and a focus on the thoughts , dreams , or motivations of characters , as opposed to the unfolding of a clear , goal-driven story . Film scholar David Bordwell describes art cinema as `` a film genre , with its own distinct conventions '' . Art film producers usually present their films at specialty theatres ( repertory cinemas , or , in the U.S. , `` arthouse cinemas '' ) and film festivals . The term art film is much more widely used in the United States , the UK and Australia than in Europe , where the term is more associated with `` auteur '' films and `` national cinema '' ( e.g. , German national cinema ) . Because they are aimed at small niche market audiences , they can rarely get the financial backing that will permit large production budgets , expensive special effects , costly celebrity actors , or huge advertising campaigns , as are used in widely released mainstream blockbuster films . Art film directors make up for these constraints by creating a different type of film , which typically uses lesser-known film actors ( or even amateur actors ) and modest sets to make films that focus much more on developing ideas or exploring new narrative techniques or film-making conventions . A certain degree of experience and knowledge are required to fully understand or appreciate such films . One mid-1990s art film was called `` largely a cerebral experience '' that one enjoys `` because of what you know about film '' . This contrasts sharply with mainstream `` blockbuster '' films , which are geared more towards escapism and pure entertainment . For promotion , art films rely on the publicity generated from film critics ' reviews , discussion of their film by arts columnists , commentators and bloggers , and `` word-of-mouth '' promotion by audience members . Since art films have small initial investment costs , they only need to appeal to a small portion of the mainstream viewing audiences to become financially viable .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
80885f338403ad2fe42db32ac8ae1c13 | Doctor Zhivago is a novel. | [
{
"docid": "4a02749da667b15350d5966dd9ed25d4",
"text": "Doctor Zhivago (novel) Doctor Zhivago ( До́ктор Жива́го , Doktor Zhivago -LSB- ˈdoktər ʐɨˈvaɡə -RSB- ) is a novel by Boris Pasternak , first published in 1957 in Italy . The novel is named after its protagonist , Yuri Zhivago , a physician and poet , and takes place between the Russian Revolution of 1905 and the Civil War . Due to its independent minded stance on the October Revolution , Doctor Zhivago was refused publication in the USSR . At the instigation of Giangiacomo Feltrinelli , the manuscript was smuggled to Milan and published in 1957 . Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature the following year , an event which embarrassed and enraged the Communist Party of the Soviet Union . The novel was made into a film by David Lean in 1965 , and since then has twice been adapted for television , most recently as a miniseries for Russian TV in 2006 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1581c235373d9192068a763e1988f798",
"text": "For Us, The Living: A Comedy of Customs For Us , The Living : A Comedy of Customs is a science fiction novel by Robert A. Heinlein , written in 1938 but published for the first time in 2003 . Heinlein admirer and science fiction author Spider Robinson titled his introductory essay `` RAH DNA '' , as he believes this first , unpublished novel formed the DNA of Heinlein 's later works . The published version of the novel contains an afterword by Robert James , Ph.D. , Heinlein Society member and Heinlein scholar , explaining how the only known surviving typescript of this `` lost '' work was finally discovered in a garage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9b0ea69d537ab8b524f02d9881645ec",
"text": "Time's List of the 100 Best Novels Time 's List of the 100 Best Novels '' ' is an unranked list of the 100 best novels -- and ten best graphic novels -- published in the English language between 1923 and 2005 . The list was compiled by Time Magazine critics Lev Grossman and Richard Lacayo . The list only includes works between 1923 ( when Time was first published ) and 2005 ( when the list was compiled ) . As a result , notable books such as Ulysses by James Joyce -- published before 1923 -- were ineligible for inclusion.Watchmen '' ( 1986 ) by Alan Moore and Dave Gibbons appears on both the 100 Best Novels and 10 Best Graphic Novels lists , giving the combined lists 109 entries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7cd30a5023f6ba149c5d642610df5257",
"text": "Antonina Koptiaeva Antonina Dmitrievna Koptiaeva ( Антонина Дмитриевна Коптяева ; 7 November 1909 -1991 ) was a Soviet novelist . Her novels concern the personal and professional lives of women in the Soviet Union . Koptiaeva was born in Iuzhnyi in eastern Siberia . She and her husband K.Ya . Zeite , a mining official , moved to Kolyma in 1932 , where she began writing in 1935 . Her first novel , Kolymskoe zoloto ( `` Kolyma Gold '' , 1936 ) , was published under her married name A. Zeite . She also published a collection of essays , The Tale of Aldan , in 1937 . Zeite was arrested in 1938 and died in prison . Both of their daughters also died in the 1930s . She later married author Fedor Panferov ( 1896-1960 ) . Her book Fart ( `` Lucky Break '' , 1940 ) was a socialist realist novel about Siberian gold mining , which was followed by Tovarishch Anna ( `` Comrade Anna '' , 1946 ) , about a disintegrating marriage . She graduated from the Maxim Gorky Literary Institute in 1947 . Ivan Ivanovich ( 1949 ) was the first in a trilogy of novels about the titular neurosurgeon , followed by Druzhba ( `` Friendship '' , 1954 ) and Derzanie ( `` Daring '' , 1958 ) . Ivan Ivanovich was awarded the 1950 Stalin Prize . Her novel Dar zemli ( `` Gift of the Earth '' , 1963 ) was about oil workers . She also wrote On the Ural River ( 1971 ) and her memoirs , Severnoe Siianie ( `` The Northern Lights '' , 1977 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93565e17a14f2580966c0bfa427dbf28",
"text": "The Prisoner of Zhamanak The Prisoner of Zhamanak is a science fiction novel written by L. Sprague de Camp , the eighth book of his Viagens Interplanetarias series and the sixth of its subseries of stories set on the fictional planet Krishna . Chronologically it is the fourth Krishna novel . It was first published in hardcover by Phantasia Press in 1982 , and in paperback by Ace Books in April 1983 as part of the standard edition of the Krishna novels . An E-book edition was published by Gollancz 's SF Gateway imprint on September 29 , 2011 as part of a general release of de Camp 's works in electronic form . The novel has also been translated into German . As with all of the `` Krishna '' novels , the title of The Prisoner of Zhamanak has a `` Z '' in it , a practice de Camp claimed to have devised to keep track of them . Short stories in the series do not follow the practice , nor do Viagens Interplanetarias works not set on Krishna .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476",
"text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b4e279cf1aaf157dc67f5a0daad127d",
"text": "The Romance of Leonardo da Vinci The Romance of Leonardo da Vinci ( Воскресшие боги . Леонардо да Винчи , Resurrected Gods . Leonardo da Vinci , in literal translation ) is the second novel by Dmitry Merezhkovsky , first published in 1900 by Mir Bozhy magazine , then released as a separate edition 1901 . The novel constitutes the second part of the Christ and Antichrist trilogy ( 1895-1907 ) , started by the writer 's debut novel The Death of the Gods .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2786f70b40559a43b045b807b4c32e2a",
"text": "The Frontier (novel) The Frontier ( Granica in Polish ) is a novel written by Zofia Nałkowska , a renowned Polish prose writer , dramatist , and prolific essayist . It tells the story of the life of Zenon Ziembiewicz , his way to the top and success , as well as love affairs and problems . The novel itself combines features of many different genres : psychological novel , sensation novel , realistic prose and detective novel . Originally , the author wanted to title her book `` Patterns '' , however , she changed her mind and decided on `` The Frontier '' . The novel has been made into a film twice : in 1938 and 1977 . Story is written by means of analepsis and the plot often is interjected with scenes that take the narrative back in time from the current point . Written during the interwar period , the novel describes such controversial topics as abortion , and the economic and social problems of that time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35a9970e9573bbabd9f2f12d288a41a0",
"text": "Faust Faust is the protagonist of a classic German legend . He is a scholar who is highly successful yet dissatisfied with his life , which leads him to make a pact with the Devil , exchanging his soul for unlimited knowledge and worldly pleasures . The Faust legend has been the basis for many literary , artistic , cinematic , and musical works that have reinterpreted it through the ages . `` Faust '' and the adjective `` Faustian '' imply a situation in which an ambitious person surrenders moral integrity in order to achieve power and success for a delimited term . The Faust of early books -- as well as the ballads , dramas , movies , and puppet-plays which grew out of them -- is irrevocably damned because he prefers human to divine knowledge ; `` he laid the Holy Scriptures behind the door and under the bench , refused to be called doctor of Theology , but preferred to be styled doctor of Medicine '' . Plays and comic puppet theatre loosely based on this legend were popular throughout Germany in the 16th century , often reducing Faust and Mephistopheles to figures of vulgar fun . The story was popularised in England by Christopher Marlowe , who gave it a classic treatment in his play , The Tragical History of Doctor Faustus ( of which the date for publication is debated , but was likely around 1587 ) . In Goethe 's reworking of the story two hundred years later , Faust becomes a dissatisfied intellectual who yearns for `` more than earthly meat and drink '' in his life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efdd873f58d856aa764ee99691458434",
"text": "Sanin (novel) Sanin is a novel by the Russian writer Mikhail Artsybashev . It has an interesting history being written by a 26-year-old in 1904 -- at the peak of the various changes in Russian society ( democratic activities , first democratically elected Duma , as well as the Russian Revolution of 1905 ) . It was published and criticized in 1907 , the year of one of the most horrific political reactions in Russian history . In the early 1900s Russia society was heavily influenced by religions , primarily the Russian Orthodox Church . Though there were many other religions such as Uniate Catholics , Judaism , and Muslims , none of them condoned an open expression of sexuality . By 1908 the novel was no longer being produced due to censorship . It was banned as a `` work of pornography '' ( Otto Boele ) . When Artsybashev emigrated to Poland after the Russian Revolution of 1917 , he was condemned by the Soviet authorities and his books were banned from publication , only to be revealed afresh to readers in the 1990s . Sanin is a novel of true originality of form and content . Its hero , twenty-something Sanin , after a long absence from home , comes back to visit his mother and sister . Sanin deals with sex and sexual activity throughout the novel . The main character Sanin and his sister Lida dabble in premarital sex . Lida describes her experience with Zarudin as her body filled with `` thrilled and shaken with passion '' . Knowing it is not the best thing for a young lady not to be married and have relations , she 's longing for another chance to experience that same passion and lust . The novel deals with nihilism , the belief that traditional morals , ideas , beliefs , etc. , have no worth or value . One of the characters gets to a point where he admits `` that life was the realization of freedom , and consequently that it was natural for a man to live for enjoyment '' . Lida has some remorse because of society and their views on premarital sex , but then comes to the realization that it is her life saying `` I wanted to do it and I did it ; and I felt so happy '' . During his stay Sanin meets various people , some of whom are neutral , amazed , threatened or excited by his way of thinking about the world and human existence . Sanin remains confident and self-assured having seduced and deflowered a local virgin , but at the end of the book leaves town under a cloud . Colin Wilson wrote about Sanin : `` The book 's hero sneers at the unhealthy moral preoccupations of most Russians , and preaches a doctrine of sunlight and frank sensuality . The book had an enormous impact on Russian youth , who were eager to put its doctrines into practice . Probably no book in world literature has been responsible for the loss of so many maidenheads . '' Wilson added that Sanin deserves more study in English . Although `` Sanin '' focuses much of its attention on sex and sexuality of youth , the novel puts forth several strikingly feminist ideals other than sexual freedom of women . For example , near the start of the novel , Sanin states his opinion that women should be allowed to have careers , a direct opposition to the traditional belief that women should be nothing more than mothers or housekeepers . Later on , after discovering that his sister , Lida , is pregnant while unmarried , he urges her to get an abortion , yet still respects her decision not to , something very uncommon for this time period . The novelty of Sanin lies in its insertion of progressive and liberal thoughts and ideals in the literary form of a novel . Critics in 1907 and later in the Russian SFSR were furious to find such views as Sanin 's in existence . They put their efforts to discrediting the book , whose references to the Bible , Shakespeare , Dickens , Dostoevsky , Nietzsche and whose precipitation of the dramatic changes in the morality and political life of the following decades were , in their view , dangerous for the Russian people .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84c3ee3aea09ce425c2ce4800899253a",
"text": "Invitation to a Beheading Invitation to a Beheading ( -LSB- Приглашение на казнь , lit = Invitation to an execution -RSB- ) is a novel by Russian American author Vladimir Nabokov . It was originally published in Russian from 1935 to 1936 as a serial in Contemporary Notes ( Sovremennye zapiski ) , a Russian émigré magazine . In 1938 , the work was published in Paris , with an English translation following in 1959 . The novel was translated into English by Nabokov 's son , Dmitri Nabokov , under the author 's supervision . The novel is often described as Kafkaesque , but Nabokov claimed that at the time he wrote the book , he was unfamiliar with German and `` completely ignorant '' of Franz Kafka 's work . Nabokov interrupted his work on The Gift in order to write Invitation to a Beheading , describing the creation of the first draft as `` one fortnight of wonderful excitement and sustained inspiration . '' Some scholars have argued that the central plot of Invitation to a Beheading has its roots in Chernyshevski , a character from The Gift . Another view is that the novel functions as a roman à clef with the Platonic Socrates as its target . While Nabokov stated in an interview that of all his novels , he held the greatest affection for Lolita , it was Invitation to a Beheading that he held the greatest esteem .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f23ac95ba24964e1e15f211232fd7b7e",
"text": "The Magic Mountain The Magic Mountain ( German : Der Zauberberg ) is a novel by Thomas Mann , first published in November 1924 . It is widely considered to be one of the most influential works of 20th century German literature . Mann started writing what was to become The Magic Mountain in 1912 . It began as a much shorter narrative which revisited in a comic manner aspects of Death in Venice , a novella that he was then preparing for publication . The newer work reflected his experiences and impressions during a period when his wife , who was suffering from a lung complaint , was confined to Dr. Friedrich Jessen 's Waldsanatorium in Davos , Switzerland for several months . In May and June 1912 Mann visited her and became acquainted with the team of doctors who were treating her in this cosmopolitan institution . According to Mann , in the afterword that was later included in the English translation , this stay became the foundation of the opening chapter ( Arrival ) of the completed novel . The outbreak of the First World War interrupted work on the book . The conflict and its aftermath led the author to undertake a major re-examination of European bourgeois society , including the sources of the willful , perverse destructiveness displayed by much of civilised humanity . He was also drawn to speculate about more general questions surrounding personal attitudes to life , health , illness , sexuality and mortality . Given this , Mann felt compelled to radically revise and expand the pre-war text before completing it in 1924 . Der Zauberberg was eventually published in two volumes by S. Fischer Verlag in Berlin . Mann 's vast composition is erudite , subtle , ambitious , but , most of all , ambiguous ; since its original publication it has been subject to a variety of critical assessments . For example , the book blends a scrupulous realism with deeper symbolic undertones . Given this complexity , each reader is obliged to weigh up the artistic significance of the pattern of events set out within the narrative , a task made more difficult by the author 's irony . Mann himself was well aware of his book 's elusiveness , but offered few clues about approaches to the text . He later compared it to a symphonic work orchestrated with a number of themes and , in a playful commentary on the problems of interpretation , recommended that those who wished to understand it should read it through twice .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "292ae6ff1b368d2559e27141c36fa8b1",
"text": "Byrne: A Novel Byrne is the English author Anthony Burgess 's last novel , published posthumously in 1995 . Composed mostly in the same ottava rima stanzas that Byron used for his Don Juan , the story follows the fortunes of Michael Byrne , an Irishman with some Spanish ancestors who settled in Ireland after a war between England 's Royal Navy and the Spanish Armada in the 16th century . He thought he was a kind of living myth And hence deserving of ottima rima , The scheme that Ariosto juggled with , Apt for a lecherous defective dreamer . He 'd have preferred a stronger-muscled smith , Anvilling rhymes amid poetic steam , a Sort of Lord Byron . Byron was long dead . This poetaster had to do instead . A painter and composer whose career is never as spectacular as his ambitions , and a determined womanizer who fathers children across the globe , Byrne becomes embroiled with the Nazi regime in 1930s Germany . A heavy task , but there was light relief In the Germanic ambience , boisterous , brash , Torchlit parades and pogroms , guttural grief In emigration queues , the smash and crash Of pawnshop windows by insentient beef In uniform , the gush of beer , the splash Of schnapps , the joy of being drunk and Aryan , Though Hitler was a teetotalitarian . Eventually he vanishes , presumed dead in Africa . But years later , his twin sons , now middle-aged , one a doubting priest , the other suffering from a debilitating disease , receive from Byrne , who is still alive , an invitation to London , where he will read his last will and testament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddce0c0cb65863c8e7fe09be4ce69612",
"text": "Doctor Strange Stephen Vincent Strange , M.D. is a fictional superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . Created by artist Steve Ditko and writer Stan Lee , the character first appeared in Strange Tales # 110 ( cover-dated July 1963 ) . Doctor Strange serves as the Sorcerer Supreme , the primary protector of Earth against magical and mystical threats . Inspired by stories of black magic and Chandu the Magician , Strange was created during the Silver Age of Comics to bring a different kind of character and themes of mysticism to Marvel Comics . The character 's origin story relates that he was once a brilliant but egotistical surgeon . After a car accident severely damages his hands and hinders his ability to perform surgery , he searches the globe for a way to repair them and encounters the Ancient One . After becoming one of the old Sorcerer Supreme 's students , he becomes a practitioner of both the mystical arts as well as martial arts . Along with knowing many powerful spells , he has a costume with two mystical objects -- the Cloak of Levitation and Eye of Agamotto -- which give him added powers . Strange is aided along the way by his friend and valet , Wong , and a large assortment of mystical objects . He takes up residence in a mansion called the Sanctum Sanctorum , located in New York City . Later , Strange takes the title of Sorcerer Supreme . In 2008 , Doctor Strange was ranked 83rd in Wizards `` 200 Greatest Comic Book Characters of All Time '' list , and in 2012 was ranked 33rd in IGN 's list of `` The Top 50 Avengers '' . He was also ranked 38th on IGN 's list of `` Top 100 Comic Book Heroes '' . The character was first portrayed in live-action by Peter Hooten in the 1978 television film Dr. Strange . Benedict Cumberbatch stars as the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe , first appearing in the role in the 2016 film Doctor Strange .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a",
"text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62831f54c56a1bb59258e7740c4b8ef0",
"text": "Erewhon Revisited Erewhon Revisited Twenty Years Later , Both by the Original Discoverer of the Country and by His Son ( 1901 ) is a satirical novel by Samuel Butler , forming a belated sequel to his Erewhon ( 1872 ) . The Cambridge History of English and American Literature judges that it `` has less of the free imaginative play of its predecessor ... but , in sharp brilliance of wit and criticism , in intellectual unity and coherence , it surpasses Erewhon '' . Erewhon , set in a thinly disguised New Zealand , ended with the escape of its unnamed protagonist from the native Erewhonians by balloon . In the sequel , narrated by his son John , we are told that our hero 's name is Higgs . Higgs returns to Erewhon and meets his former lover Yram , who is now the mother of his son George . He discovers that he is now worshipped as `` the Sunchild '' , his escape having been interpreted as an ascension into heaven , and that a church of Sunchildism has sprung up . He finds himself in danger from the villainous Professors Hanky and Panky , who are determined to protect Sunchildism from him . With George 's help Higgs escapes from their clutches and returns to England . The Swiftian device of setting his satire in a fictional culture enabled Butler , as the critic Elinor Shaffer has written , `` to analyse the phenomena of religion from their point of genesis , while disclaiming all responsibility for their uncanny parallels to certain known religions . '' It did not however make the road to publication any easier . When Butler submitted the manuscript to the respectable and long-established house of Longman , who had in recent years become his regular publishers , they rejected it for fear of offending their High Church clientele , even when Butler offered to pay the costs himself . On March 24 , 1901 he wrote to George Bernard Shaw , conceding that the book was `` far more wicked than Erewhon '' , and asking for his advice . Shaw replied recommending his own publisher , Grant Richards , and lost no time introducing Butler to him . The book duly came out under the Grant Richards imprint .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb94856977f1f475d120c4735c79cb46",
"text": "The City of Light (novel) Miasto światłości ( The City of Light ) is a novel written in 1924 by Mieczysław Smolarski . The novel entwines the genres of dystopia and catastrophism . The novel relays the end of the world by two natural disasters . The first of which destroys all civilisation , whilst the second , the whole of planet Earth , instigated by the complicity of its own inhabitants . The dystopic literary work warns against imperialism and barbarism as well as uncontrolled technological advancement . The novel 's themes include antimilitarism and pacifism , prevalent after World War I. Novels similar to , and inspired by The City of Light and other of Smolarski 's literary works , namely Podróż poślubna Pana Hamiltona ( The Honeymoon Trip of Mr. Hamilton , 1928 ) include : Aldous Huxley 's Brave New World , published in 1932 . Smolarski argued Huxley plagiarised his work , however the author never addressed these claims . In 1982 , claims of plagiarism were similarly put up against Antoni Smuszkiewicz 's Zaczarowana gra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5f6853ead892984cbf83a6de3a5b2f7",
"text": "Journey from St. Petersburg to Moscow Journey From Petersburg to Moscow ( in Russian : Путешествие из Петербурга в Москву ) , published in 1790 , was the most famous work by the Russian writer Aleksander Nikolayevich Radishchev . The work , often described as a Russian Uncle Tom 's Cabin , is a polemical study of the problems in the Russia of Catherine the Great : serfdom , the powers of the nobility , the issues in government and governance , social structure and personal freedom and liberty . The book starts from an epigraph about The Beast who is `` enormous , disgusting , a-hundred-maws and barking '' meaning the Russian Empire . The book was immediately banned and Radishchev sentenced , first to death , then to banishment in eastern Siberia . It was not freely published in Russia until 1905 . In the book , Radishchev takes an imaginary journey between Russia 's two principal cities ; each stop along the way reveals particular problems for the traveller through the medium of story telling . In Petersburg , the narrator 's story begins at an inn where the proprietor is too lazy to harness his underfed horses for a carriage . Eventually getting on the road , he encounters a man trying to sell genealogical papers to nobles seeking to increase their rank , and a poor peasant laboring on a Sunday . He goes on to satirize Catherine 's favorite , Viceroy Potemkin , with an anecdote about his appetite for oysters and the absurd lengths his servant would go to get them . Likely the most famous scene is the narrator 's dream of being a `` tsar , shah , khan , king , bey , nabob , sultan , or holder of some such dignity , sitting in regal power on a throne . '' At his most minor expression , the courtiers sigh , frown , light up with joy . Seeing this obsequiousness , the narrator-tsar orders the invasion of a distant country , which he is assured will submit to his mere reputation . Suddenly , the female figure of Truth appears , offering him clearsightedness and defending the rights of dissenters . After being reprimanded , the king is overcome by visions of his own brutality , the sins of his court , and the general disrepair of the empire . In a final moment of self-reproach and guilt , inspired by the gaudy and wasteful palace he 's built , the narrator is woken from his dream in agitation . Considered by many to be the seminal radical text of the 18th century , A Journey continued to influence Russian political thought even after its condemnation . As the progenitor of public liberal discourse in Russia , Radischev is considered an ancestor of all major subversive literature written in the 19th and 20th centuries . The book itself represented a challenge to Catherine in Russia , despite the fact that Radishchev was no revolutionary : merely an observer of the ills he saw within Russian society and government at the time . Published during the period of the French Revolution , the book borrows ideas and principles from the great philosophers of the day relating to an enlightened outlook and the concept of Natural Law .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "814fedee048baf4117bdd69918210f71",
"text": "A Maggot A Maggot ( 1985 ) is a novel by British author John Fowles . It is Fowles ' sixth major novel , following The Collector , The Magus , The French Lieutenant 's Woman , Daniel Martin , and Mantissa . Its title , as the author explains in the prologue , is taken from the archaic sense of the word that means `` whim '' , `` quirk '' , `` obsession '' , or even a snatch of music ( see earworm ) . Another meaning of the word `` maggot '' becomes apparent later in the novel , used by a character to describe a white , oblong machine that appears to be a spacecraft . Though the author denied that A Maggot is a historical novel , it does take place during a precise historical timeframe , May 1736 to February 1737 , in England . It might be variously classified as historical fiction , mystery , or science fiction . Because of the narrative style and various metafictional devices , most critics classify it as a postmodern novel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25bf8f1e49ffc76a23ff5c0d53a84375",
"text": "The Original of Laura The Original of Laura is the incomplete novel by Vladimir Nabokov , which he was writing at the time of his death in 1977 . It was finally published , after 30 years of private debate , on November 17 , 2009 . Nabokov had requested that the work be destroyed upon his death , but his family hesitated to carry out his wish to destroy an incomplete but perhaps important literary work . Over the next years its contents were viewed only by Nabokov 's son , wife , and a few scholars . In April 2008 , Nabokov 's son Dmitri Nabokov announced plans to publish the work , in what BBC2 late night news programme Newsnight later said was `` likely to be the literary event of 2009 . '' Upon publication , however , critical response was strongly negative , with commenters lambasting the quality of the writing and admonishing Nabokov 's executor for publishing the work in this state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0f7c7a89ff105126d8bda4e05a908dc",
"text": "David Vygodsky David Isaakovich Vygodsky ( Russian : Дави́д Исаа́кович Вы́годский ) ( September 23 , 1893 -- 1943 ) was a Russian literary critic , translator , poet , and teacher . Born in Gomel in the Russian Empire ( now in Belarus ) into a nonreligious Jewish family , Vygodsky was the cousin of the well-known developmental psychologist Lev Vygotsky , on whom he was an important influence . He graduated from the Romance and Germanic division of Saint Petersburg State University and became a translator and teacher ; he translated from German ( Johannes Becher ) , French ( André Malraux ) , Hebrew ( Chaim Bialik ) , and especially Spanish ( Vicente Blasco Ibáñez , Benito Pérez Galdós , and others ) . At the time of the October Revolution and Civil War he was teaching Latin and giving lectures on modern literature in Gomel , but in the 1920s he moved to Petrograd . Zemlya ( Land ) , a collection of his own poetry , was published in 1922 ; in the same year , his article `` A Survey of New Jewish Poetry '' appeared in the Petrograd journal Parfenon . He was close to the OPOYAZ group , and his apartment was a meeting place for writers and students of literature ; `` it may have been here that -LSB- Lev -RSB- Vygotsky first met members of the formalist school and the acmeic poet Mandel ` shtam , one of his favorite poets . '' Marietta Shaginyan wrote this description : In Leningrad , on Mokhovaya Street , there was a typical Leningrad apartment house ... and in a typical gloomy Leningrad apartment in this building lived the man who in the first years of the October Revolution discovered for the Soviet reader the wonderful poetry of Cuba . He appeared shy and very pleasant , and it was impossible not to love and respect him . He was very pale , thin , short , with eyes that were kind and as clear as those of children beneath unusually thick eyebrows that almost shaded them . In the apartment there were books everywhere , piled to the ceiling and covering the floors . And they were n't enough for him . You would wait for him for hours , and then he would come back from Liteiny Avenue , where in those days alluring secondhand bookshops crowded both sides of the avenue , hauling home with difficulty a bunch of new books . And those books were greedily unwrapped , opened , and read , when sometimes there was nothing to eat at home . This marvelous Leningrad booklover , known at that time as a Hispanist who knew many languages , was David Isaakovich Vygodsky , a name that was widely known across the ocean . Even today books arrive at his Leningrad address from South America with touching inscriptions ... He was a friend of both Osip Mandelstam and Benedikt Livshits ; the latter dedicated a sonnet to him . He was arrested on February 14 , 1938 ( as part of a general purge of translators ) and , despite an unusual and courageous campaign of support from such writers as Yury Tynyanov , Viktor Shklovsky , Konstantin Fedin . and Mikhail Zoshchenko , died in the Gulag .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
56005cb6cc08b837d4c49a0d1210d33d | Black Panther has not been released yet. | [
{
"docid": "43a213028ff9f6ca059fe08aa301f8e3",
"text": "Black Panther (film) Black Panther is an upcoming American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character of the same name . Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , it is intended to be the eighteenth film installment of the Marvel Cinematic Universe . The film is directed by Ryan Coogler from a screenplay by himself and Joe Robert Cole , and stars Chadwick Boseman as T'Challa / Black Panther , alongside Michael B. Jordan , Lupita Nyong ` o , Danai Gurira , Martin Freeman , Daniel Kaluuya , Angela Bassett , Forest Whitaker , and Andy Serkis . In Black Panther , T'Challa returns home as king of Wakanda but finds his sovereignty challenged by a long-time adversary in a conflict that has global consequences . Wesley Snipes first mentioned his intention to work on a Black Panther film in 1992 , with that project going through multiple iterations over the next decade but never coming to fruition . A Black Panther film was announced as one of the ten Marvel films that would be developed by Marvel Studios and distributed by Paramount Pictures in September 2005 , with Mark Bailey hired to write a script in January 2011 . Black Panther was officially announced in October 2014 , with Boseman appearing first in Captain America : Civil War . By the end of 2015 , Cole and Coogler had both joined the film , and additional cast members came on board beginning in May 2016 . Principal photography for the film took place from January to April 2017 , at EUE/Screen Gems Studios and Pinewood Atlanta Studios in the Atlanta metropolitan area , and Busan , South Korea . Black Panther is set to be released in the United States on February 16 , 2018 , in IMAX .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2eb038aba46a8618514233fac6d1f668",
"text": "Freddie Lee Peterkin Freddie Lee Peterkin , also known as Freddie Lee , is a published author , singer -- songwriter , actor and ordained interdenominational Minister , born in Pahokee , Florida . He is known for his gritty power soul vocals reminiscent of Bobby Womack . He has become an artist of public note through his 2008 independent release of the Soul and Gospel album Beyond Comprehension under the recording name of Freddie Lee . He made his prime time acting debut as `` DJ Freddie Murphy '' on Channel 4 's T4 Stars & Strikes and as a character in BBC2 's Grumpy Guide to Work in 2011 . He was also the voice for Bewiser Owl in the Bewiser Insurance TV commercial in 2012 and 2013 . He established himself in the live entertainment industry with his choreographed costume Soul Tribute stage productions for theatres and resorts in 1991 . These critically acclaimed shows include The Sounds of the Four Tops , The Sounds of the Drifters and The Sounds of the Temptations . Freddie Lee Peterkin is also a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity , Delta Psi Chapter a Fraternity known for members such as Martin Luther King . This historic organization was the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for Black college students founded on December 4 , 1906 . Peterkin was responsible for composing many Delta Psi Chapter fraternity anthems such as ' I Know I 've Been Changed ' written in 1985 while he was pledging . He was also a dancer and choreographer of the Delta Psi Chapter 's ` Step Shows ' . Stepping ( African-American ) or step-dancing is a form of percussive dance in which the participant 's entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds through a mixture of footsteps , spoken word , and hand claps and a strong part of Black Greek Letter Fraternities . Peterkin is the son of migrant workers originally from Georgia who came to Florida to pick crops for a living . He is of African and Seminole Indian heritage . His stepfather , James Elijah Jr. , was the lead vocalist of the 1960s and 1970s gospel group , The Royal Lights . His sister Breyona Elijah is part of the gospel group James Smith & Nu Birth and they are both cousins of Gospel group Damali . His mother Bernice Bell is also a singer and as a child won a competition to write a song for Joe Tex , for which she was awarded concert tickets and a chance to meet her idol . Joe Tex went on to have a major hit with the song but Bernice remained uncredited . Bernice Bell has been more recently recognized for her charity work and ran youth programs in Pahokee 's Padgett Island Community Center for 17 years and donating hot meals to Pahokee 's underprivileged children . The community center was recently renamed `` The Bernice Bell Community Center '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "788f00e7c18db1dd23ed82c4f7ad92bb",
"text": "W'Kabi W'Kabi is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . W'Kabi will appear in the upcoming film Black Panther , portrayed by Daniel Kaluuya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84ec140fc6eda7ece8b0aa197356c87e",
"text": "Steel Panthers Steel Panthers is a series of computer wargames , developed and published by several different companies , with various games covering battles from 1930 to 2025 . The first game was released in 1995 , and the most recent was released in 2006 and is still updated regularly . In 1996 , Computer Gaming World magazine named it their Wargame of the Year . Players control individual tanks and vehicles from a top-down perspective , on a map with a hexagonal overlay . Infantry are mostly in squad/section ( 8-12 men ) sized units , but some units , like snipers , can be controlled individually . The whole force under a players control would typically be Battalion sized , but may be as small as a Platoon or Company , or as large as a Regiment/Brigade . The games are turn-based and are played against the AI or other humans via email or hotseat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6393379a161af4a8f2076fb292bb034f",
"text": "Black (2015 Indian film) Black is an Indo-Bangla Bengali crime action film directed by Raja Chanda , and stars Soham Chakraborty and Bidya Sinha Mim in lead roles . The film was jointly produced by Viacom 18 Motion Pictures and Dag Creative Media and was released on 27 November 2015 . The film revolves around a man named , Biltu , who takes vengeance to those who framed his father ( a police officer ) with false charges and as a result the latter commits suicide to get rid of this humiliation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e82ff52dd09732e93026f310aea22d4",
"text": "Pink Panther jewel The Pink Panther is a fictional diamond with a distinctive flaw which resembles a leaping panther . The diamond was a major plot device in a series of films which are collectively known as the Pink Panther movies . In addition , the Pink Panther is an animated character who appeared in the title sequences for these films and eventually appeared in his own cartoon series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "caec9e7da0436884672b9b6678971417",
"text": "Man-Ape Man-Ape ( M'Baku ) is a fictional character , a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is depicted as a frequent enemy of the Black Panther .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c80595148f409986484f4957ce297c4",
"text": "Blackheart Blackheart is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics . The character is usually depicted as an adversary to the superhero Ghost Rider . Created by writer Ann Nocenti and artist John Romita , Jr. , Blackheart first appeared in Daredevil # 270 ( September 1989 ) . The character has also appeared in other media , such as the 2000 video game Marvel vs Capcom 2 , and in the 2007 film Ghost Rider , in which he was portrayed by actor Wes Bentley .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55a7d015872d39d71a3ba6e38d4e355e",
"text": "Black Reel Awards The Black Reel Awards , or `` BRAs '' , is an annual American awards ceremony hosted by the Foundation for the Augmentation of African-Americans in Film ( FAAAF ) to recognize excellence in African-American , as well as those of African diaspora 's cinematic achievements in the around the world film industry as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a statuette , officially called the Black Reel Award . The awards , first presented in 2000 in Washington , DC , are overseen by FAAAF . The awards ceremony was initially awarded online their first two years before the first live show in 2002 . The awards have broadcast to radio since 2014 . Currently , the Black Reel Awards is the oldest cinema-exclusive awards ceremony for African-Americans . The 16th Annual Black Reel Awards ceremony was held on February 18 , 2016 . A total of 315 Black Reel Awards have been presented since the inception of the award through the 16th .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a5561e9b8cbc7a9ee649ac2e64ca946",
"text": "Underwater panther An underwater panther , called Mishipeshu or Mishibijiw in Ojibwe ( -LSB- mɪʃɪbɪʑɪw -RSB- ) , is one of the most important of several mythological water beings among many indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands and Great Lakes region , particularly among the Anishinaabe . Mishipeshu translates into `` the Great Lynx '' . It has the head and paws of a giant cat but is covered in scales and has dagger-like spikes running along its back and tail . Mishipeshu calls Michipicoten Island in Lake Superior his home and is a powerful creature in the mythological traditions of some Native American tribes , particularly Anishinaabe tribes , the Odawa , Ojibwe , and Potawatomi , of the Great Lakes region of Canada and the United States . In addition to the Anishinaabeg , Innu also have Mishibizhiw stories . To the Algonquins , the underwater panther was the most powerful underworld being . The Ojibwe traditionally held them to be masters of all water creatures , including snakes . Some versions of the Nanabozho creation legend refers to whole communities of water lynx . Some archaeologists believe that underwater panthers were major components of the Southeastern Ceremonial Complex of the Mississippian culture in the prehistoric American Southeast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18a75c5ad0c17a861ba966e0fbe71d59",
"text": "BAFTA Award for Best Film The BAFTA Award for Best Film is given annually by the British Academy of Film and Television Arts and presented at the British Academy Film Awards . It has been given since the 1st BAFTA Awards , representing the best films of 1947 , but until 1969 it was called the BAFTA Award for Best Film From Any Source . It is possible for films from any country to be nominated , although British films are also recognised in the category BAFTA Award for Best British Film and ( since 1983 ) foreign-language films in BAFTA Award for Best Film Not in the English Language . As such , there have been multiple occasions of a film being nominated in two of these categories . There has been one tie for the Best Film award when , in 1962 , Ballad of a Soldier tied with The Hustler for Best Film from any Source . Until 1981 , the award was given to the director , except in 1976 and 1977 , when it was given to the producers . From 1981 to 1985 , it was given solely to the producers , and then in 1986 , it was shared between the Director and Producer . In 1998 , it was once again given to only the producers . In the following lists , the titles and names in bold with a dark grey background are the winners and recipients respectively ; those not in bold are the nominees . The years given are those in which the films under consideration were released , not the year of the ceremony , which always takes place the following year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67ae72378091538f5f85f71197d2be3c",
"text": "Panthers (band) Panthers is an American rock band from Brooklyn , New York . The Village Voice described them as `` groundbreaking dissonant HC ( hardcore ) with Rolling Stones swagger . '' Three members were previously in the hardcore band Orchid . Panthers have released four records . The most recent two , The Trick and Things Are Strange were released on Vice Records . Prior to that they released via Dim Mak Records and Troubleman Unlimited . They began as a side project by members of the bands Orchid , Turing Machine , and The Red Scare . Kip Uhlhorn went on to form the band Cloudland Canyon with Simon Wojan of King Khan & the Shrines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e27d4139c27a4229ff43bb411fb1d63a",
"text": "The Black Pirates The Black Pirates is a 1954 Ansco Color adventure film made by Salvador Films Corp. about a band of pirates scouring a small Central American town for a buried treasure . It was directed by Allen H. Miner and produced from a screenplay by Fred Freiberger and Al C. Ward based on the story by Johnston McCulley . The film stars Anthony Dexter and Martha Roth with Robert Clarke , Toni Gerry and Lon Chaney Jr. . . The tagline of the movie was `` Wild Raiders of the Tropic Seas ! '' . It was filmed on location in Panchimalco , El Salvador . Filming started in mid-June 1954 and the movie was released in December and distributed in Latin America under the title El Pirata Negro . The Black Pirates was the first film that Cinema Research Corporation was hired to do the special effects for .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ac9bc83246391633e18e8d4c44759c8",
"text": "Scarlett Johansson Scarlett Johansson ( -LSB- dʒoʊˈhænsən -RSB- born November 22 , 1984 ) is an American actress , model , and singer . She made her film debut in the fantasy comedy North ( 1994 ) . Johansson subsequently starred in Manny & Lo ( 1996 ) , and garnered further acclaim and prominence with roles in The Horse Whisperer ( 1998 ) and Ghost World ( 2001 ) . She shifted to adult roles with her performances in Girl with a Pearl Earring ( 2003 ) and Lost in Translation ( 2003 ) , for which she won a BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . Her subsequent films included A Love Song for Bobby Long ( 2004 ) , Match Point ( 2005 ) , The Island ( 2005 ) , The Black Dahlia ( 2006 ) , The Prestige ( 2006 ) , The Other Boleyn Girl ( 2008 ) , Vicky Cristina Barcelona ( 2008 ) , He 's Just Not That Into You ( 2009 ) , Don Jon ( 2013 ) , Her ( 2013 ) , Under the Skin ( 2013 ) , Lucy ( 2014 ) , The Jungle Book ( 2016 ) , and Ghost in the Shell ( 2017 ) . Since 2008 , Johansson has also portrayed the Marvel Comics character Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe . She won the Tony Award for Best Performance by a Featured Actress in a Play for her performance in the 2010 Broadway revival of A View from the Bridge . As a singer , Johansson has released two albums , Anywhere I Lay My Head ( 2008 ) and Break Up ( 2009 ) . Johansson is considered one of Hollywood 's modern sex symbols , and has frequently appeared in published lists of the sexiest women in the world . , she is the highest-grossing actress of all time in North America , with her films making over $ 3.6 billion . In 2016 , she was the highest-grossing actress , with a $ 1.2 billion total for the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f5e12c161800424c6535fc340899eef",
"text": "Black Hawk Down (film) Black Hawk Down is a 2002 American war film co-produced and directed by Ridley Scott . The screenplay by Ken Nolan is adapted from the non-fiction book of the same name by Mark Bowden , which in turn is based on the 29-part series of articles published in The Philadelphia Inquirer chronicling the events of a 1993 raid in Mogadishu by the U.S. military aimed at capturing faction leader Mohamed Farrah Aidid and the ensuing firefight , known as the Battle of Mogadishu . The film features a large ensemble cast , including Josh Hartnett , Ewan McGregor , Eric Bana , Tom Sizemore , William Fichtner , Jason Isaacs , Tom Hardy , and Sam Shepard . It won two Oscars for Best Film Editing and Best Sound Mixing at the 74th Academy Awards . Although it was received positively by critics , the film was strongly criticized by a number of groups and military officials . In 2009 , an extended cut of the film was released on DVD . The cut contained an additional 8 minutes of footage increasing the running time to 152 minutes . This extended cut has yet to be released on Blu-Ray .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea7ca9dd517e4cd8c5263e7f080f0a2e",
"text": "Black Feminist Future Black Feminist Future is a social community formed by the black feminist organizations to empower black women in United States for the recent cultural shift , digital movement and engaging both black women and girls in the current pulse of movements . It is a platform to unite black women from all over the world to share their point of view about what it is being a black woman in US both socially and politically . The basic purpose of this community is to change the mindset of the people as well as the internal thoughts of black women about herself as being a neglected part of the society and to change the racial policies that are present in the US culture from a very long time while advancing intersectional strategies , making innovative and determinable solutions for bringing a change in society . They recently have launched a movement named as `` Freedom Dreams 2016 '' . Their first initiative in this regard is that they have made visioning saloons known as the platforms to build vision and movement that centers the African-American feminist lives . Now , they want to make a change by coming into politics and revising the laws made up to defend the white for their wrong doings in this situation of racial discrimination . In order to find some entrance into the politics , they have selected a theme for their Visioning Saloons this year as `` Freedom Dreams : Black Feminist Visioning Our Political Future '' that will help them in defining a center and vision of Black Women and Girls . As women are women , whether they are black or white , Asians or Americans or even if they belong to any part of the world , they have every right to enjoy equal rights whether they are at work , at home or contributing their efforts for the betterment of their society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "723f6b9d37bc3e99df2e9cfa36ad5a47",
"text": "Human Being (album) Human Being is the third album by Seal , released in 1998 . The title track was written about late rappers Tupac Shakur and The Notorious B.I.G. Human Being received mixed reviews ranging from being panned for its overtly dark and moody feel , to being described in terms such as `` pop perfection '' . The album failed to sell in the same way as his 1994 multi-platinum album , Seal . However , it is a fan favourite and was inspired by his then-girlfriend , Tyra Banks and their breakup . A remix of `` Lost My Faith '' was featured over the closing credits of the 1999 film Entrapment , and the song 's single release was accompanied by a music video in which Seal is integrated into scenes from the film alongside Sean Connery and Catherine Zeta-Jones . The album sold over 500,000 copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cca6b435e72330f0e7e839a171757c25",
"text": "Michael Tabor (Black Panther) Michael Aloysius Tabor ( December 13 , 1946 -- October 17 , 2010 ) was an American member of the Black Panther Party who was charged and tried as part of an alleged conspiracy to bomb public buildings in New York City and kill members of the New York Police Department . Four months into the trial Tabor and another defendant fled to Algeria . Despite his ultimate acquittal on all charges , Tabor remained in exile in Africa until his death , never returning to the United States . Tabor was born on December 13 , 1946 , in Harlem and joined the Black Panther Party while in his teens . In 1970 , Tabor and 12 other members of the Black Panthers were charged for their involvement in a plot to kill police officers and to plant bombs in New York City commercial and public buildings , including the New York Botanical Garden in the Bronx . Support for the prosecution 's case came from undercover officers who claimed that the defendants had developed plans for a series of bombings and had conducted classes to instruct those participating in the plot how to construct explosive devices . Together with fellow defendant Richard Moore , Tabor failed to appear at their trial in February 1971 , forfeited $ 150,000 in bail and were declared fugitives . Blank Panther leader Huey P. Newton called Moore and Tabor `` enemies of the people '' for evading justice while on trial and putting the other defendants and the party at risk . Connie Matthews , Newton 's former secretary and Tabor 's wife , also left the country and was said to have taken valuable records with her . The two finally surfaced in Algeria the following month together with Eldridge Cleaver . The New York Times published a lengthy letter from Moore on the day before the verdicts were read explaining that they had fled the U.S. because they feared that their lives were at risk . On May 13 , 1971 , after an eight-month-long trial , the jury in New York Supreme Court in Manhattan delivered an acquittal on all 156 counts . In a statement issued from Algiers , Tabor stated that the trial represented `` an attempted railroad and that the defendants ' rights were flagrantly violated '' and said that he was `` overjoyed that the brothers are free '' . Algeria expelled Tabor and he and Matthews moved to Zambia in 1972 , where Tabor wrote about politics and hosted a radio show . Despite repeated requests , Tabor refused to return to the United States . He died at age 63 in Lusaka , Zambia , on October 17 , 2010 , due to complications of multiple strokes . He was survived by his second wife , Priscilla Matanda , as well as by a daughter and three sons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96f200ebf3e5175a5bbd5c2e1692f1ce",
"text": "The National Office for Black Catholics The National Office for Black Catholics ( NOBC ) was an organization of Black Catholics in the United States , headquartered in Washington , DC . Its mission was `` to make the Church relevant to the needs of the black community ; to assist generally in the black liberation movement ; to assist black Catholics in their efforts to become self-determining ; and to become an effective voice in the whole of Church government . '' NOBC was founded in 1970 , as an umbrella group for the National Black Catholic Clergy Caucus ( NBCCC ) , the National Black Sisters Conference ( NBSC ) , and the National Black Lay Catholic Caucus ( NBLCC ) . However , tension over the mission and organizational structure of the organization led to the formal withdrawal of the NBSC and NBCCC from NOBC in the early 1980s . Funding for the NOBC came primarily from an annual collection taken at Catholic churches around the country , called `` Black Catholics Concerned . '' NOBC undertook a variety of programs in the 1970s and 1980s . Its major departments included the Office of Culture and Worship , Office of Evangelization , Department of Church Vocations , and Education Department . The organization 's work included promoting black clerical leadership , supporting the development of African-rooted liturgy and ministries , contributing to the revitalization of black parishes , and strengthening black Catholic education . The organization also worked with the American Catholic hierarchy to bring issues around race to the forefront and participated in the 1976 `` Call to Action '' conference held by the U.S. bishops . NOBC sponsored many conferences and events throughout the 1970s and 1980s . Among its most successful events was a regular conference on African American Culture and Worship ( AACW ) . Beginning in 1980 , it also hosted a biennial conference for the organization 's members . In 1988 and 1989 , NOBC and NBLCC hosted two Lay Leadership symposiums in Belleville , Illinois . The Office of Evangelization also sponsored revival events throughout the country . The NOBC 's publications included its newsletter , Impact ! , as well as Freeing the Spirit , a newsletter of the Office of Culture and Worship . Freeing the Spirit ceased publication in 1983 , but Impact ! continued sporadic publication through the 1980s . Executive directors of the NOBC included : Br . Joseph Davis , SM ( 1970-1977 ) , Fr . Cyprian Lamar Rowe , SSF ( 1978-1980 ) , James Henderson ( 1981-1987 ) , Penelope Taylor Powell ( 1978 -LSB- acting director -RSB- , 1987-1988 ) , and Walter Hubbard ( 1988-c . 2000 ) . Although the NOBC continued its activity through the 1990s and early 2000s , its level of activity seems to have decreased .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00a47f45a8903ab372e4f8938ed1c815",
"text": "List of accolades received by BioShock Infinite BioShock Infinite is a first-person shooter video game developed by Irrational Games and published by 2K Games . Players assume control of Booker DeWitt ( Troy Baker ) , who is sent to rescue Elizabeth ( Courtnee Draper ) from her captivity on the floating air city of Columbia . The game 's development was led by creative director Ken Levine . The game was officially announced on August 12 , 2010 , and was widely anticipated . At the Spike Video Game Awards , it was nominated Most Anticipated Game three times . Following its previews at the Electronic Entertainment Expo , the game won numerous awards , including Best of Show from several gaming publications . It was released worldwide on March 26 , 2013 for Microsoft Windows , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 . Review aggregator Metacritic assigned the game a normalized score of 94 out of 100 , indicating `` universal acclaim '' , based on 27 and 68 reviews for the Windows and PlayStation 3 versions , respectively ; the Xbox 360 version received 93 out of 100 based on 33 reviews . Within four months of its release , BioShock Infinite sold approximately four million copies , and eleven million by June 2015 . BioShock Infinite garnered awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for its music , story , visual design , characters , and the acting of its cast . At the 17th Annual DICE Awards , the game received six nominations and went on to win two awards : Action Game of the Year , and Outstanding Achievement in Original Music Composition . The game earned four nominations at the 10th British Academy Video Games Awards , winning Original Music . At IGN 's Best of 2013 , the game garnered twenty nominations and went on to win nine awards , including Best Overall Shooter Game and Best Overall Graphics for Art Design . At the 14th Annual Game Developers Choice Awards , BioShock Infinite won Best Audio and Best Visual Art . The game received nine nominations at the Spike VGX , winning Best Shooter , Best Song in a Game and Character of the Year . At the National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers Awards , the game received eleven nominations , with Courtnee Draper winning Supporting Performance in a Drama . The game appeared on several year-end lists of the best games of 2013 , receiving Game of the Year wins from the Associated Press , CNN , Electronic Gaming Monthly , Entertainment Weekly , Forbes , and Games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8eadd3fdcd7de949e3f0a5e730cd2634",
"text": "Black (2008 film) Black is a 2008 French blaxploitation film directed by Pierre Laffargue .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7d755c4a60a5464fd84c081ee4233df1 | Reds was directed and produced by Warren Beatty. | [
{
"docid": "4616dace12242646c58a9f5e57752290",
"text": "Reds (film) Reds is a 1981 American epic drama film co-written , produced and directed by Warren Beatty . The picture centers on the life and career of John Reed , the journalist and writer who chronicled the Russian Revolution in his book Ten Days That Shook the World . Beatty stars in the lead role alongside Diane Keaton as Louise Bryant and Jack Nicholson as Eugene O'Neill . The supporting cast includes Edward Herrmann , Jerzy Kosinski , Paul Sorvino , Maureen Stapleton , Gene Hackman , Ramon Bieri , Nicolas Coster and M. Emmet Walsh . The film also features , as `` witnesses , '' interviews with the 98-year-old radical educator and peace activist Scott Nearing , author Dorothy Frooks , reporter and author George Seldes , civil liberties advocate Roger Baldwin , and the American writer Henry Miller , among others . Beatty was awarded the Academy Award for Best Director and the film was nominated for Best Picture , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty , Keaton , Nicholson and Stapleton were nominated for Best Actor , Best Actress , Best Supporting Actor and Best Supporting Actress , respectively . Stapleton was the only one of the four to win . Beatty was also nominated , along with co-writer Trevor Griffiths , for Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay , but lost to Chariots of Fire . Beatty became the third person to be nominated for Academy Awards in the categories Best Actor , Director and Original Screenplay for a film nominated for Best Picture . In June 2008 , the American Film Institute revealed its `` Ten Top Ten '' -- the best ten films in ten `` classic '' American film genres -- after polling over 1,500 people from the creative community . Reds was acknowledged as the ninth best film in the epic genre .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "455b9a4674f77f7ac8ba5044ab44ffbf",
"text": "Cincinnati Reds Radio Network The Cincinnati Bell Reds Radio Network consists of 68 stations ( 52 AM , 16 FM ) in 7 states that air Cincinnati Reds games and related programming . The current primary announcers are Marty Brennaman , Jeff Brantley , and Jim Kelch . Thom Brennaman , Marty 's son , also does occasional radio play-by-play in addition to calling television broadcasts for the Reds on Fox Sports Ohio . Cincinnati Bell has naming rights of the network , while WLW of Cincinnati is the flagship station . All regular season and many spring training games are broadcast .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3a6ec794363722584f9cd8fee806550",
"text": "Darkest Africa Darkest Africa ( 1936 ) is a Republic movie serial . This was the first serial produced by Republic Pictures and was a loose sequel to a Mascot Pictures serial called The Lost Jungle , also starring Clyde Beatty . Mascot , and other companies , had been taken over in 1935 by Consolidated Film Laboratories and merged to become Republic . Producer Nat Levine was formerly the owner of Mascot Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b817db0e00e057aca07ab7d8df8b56b2",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Robert Redford The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actor , director and producer Robert Redford . He was first nominated for an Academy Award in 1973 for his role as Johnny `` Kelly '' Hooker in The Sting . He then won Best Director in 1980 for Ordinary People . In 1994 , he was nominated twice for Best Picture and Best Director for Quiz Show . He has been nominated for seven Golden Globes , winning two for Inside Daisy Clover as New Star of the Year -- Actor ( 1965 ) , Ordinary People as Best Director ( 1980 ) , and won the Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1994 . He was awarded the Screen Actors Guild Life Achievement Award in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2b0020f9610e19e3883b36da2e486f9",
"text": "1919 Cincinnati Reds season The 1919 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball . The Reds won the National League pennant , then went on to win the 1919 World Series . The team 's accomplishments were overshadowed by the subsequent Black Sox scandal , when it was discovered that their American League opponents , the Chicago White Sox had tried to lose the series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16cec031b282a1a07a5cb897af533715",
"text": "Hustle (2004 film) Hustle is a television film about baseball player Pete Rose , created by ESPN Films . It was first broadcast on September 25 , 2004 . The movie follows Rose as he gambled on Major League Baseball while managing the Cincinnati Reds , then was caught and banned from baseball for life . The title , Hustle , is a reference to both Rose 's gambling problem and his nickname , `` Charlie Hustle . '' The movie stars Tom Sizemore as Pete Rose and was directed by Peter Bogdanovich .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ed72d632df5c16047a41afc2bda0c77",
"text": "The Professionals (1966 film) The Professionals is a 1966 American western written , produced , and directed by Richard Brooks . It starred Burt Lancaster , Lee Marvin , Robert Ryan , and Claudia Cardinale , with Jack Palance , Ralph Bellamy , and Woody Strode in supporting roles . The script was adapted from the novel A Mule for the Marquesa by Frank O'Rourke . The film received three Academy Award nominations and an enthusiastic critical reception .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211",
"text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c726bd58c997d5941debf39a1cae0be2",
"text": "Fritz the Cat (film) Fritz the Cat is a 1972 American adult animated comedy film written and directed by Ralph Bakshi . It was Bakshi 's feature film debut and is loosely based on the Fritz the Cat comic strips by Robert Crumb . It was the first animated feature film to receive an X rating in the United States . The film stars Fritz ( voiced by Skip Hinnant ) , an anthropomorphic cat in mid-1960s New York City who explores the ideals of hedonism and sociopolitical consciousness . The film is a satire focusing on American college life of the era , race relations , the free love movement , and left - and right-wing politics . The film had a troubled production history and controversial release . Crumb had disagreements with the filmmakers over the film 's political content . Fritz the Cat was controversial for its rating and content , which many viewers at the time found to be offensive . It was produced on a budget of $ 850,000 and grossed over $ 90 million worldwide . Its success led to a slew of other X-rated animated films and a sequel , The Nine Lives of Fritz the Cat ( 1974 ) , made without Crumb 's or Bakshi 's involvement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff169dd3789a9d2ba269c7d41528cc5f",
"text": "1925 Cincinnati Reds season The 1925 Cincinnati Reds season was a season in American baseball . The team finished third in the National League with a record of 80 -- 73 , 15 games behind the Pittsburgh Pirates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274",
"text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46e76a6342e84fe5da053a8ff8763059",
"text": "Big Red Machine The Big Red Machine were the baseball teams of the Cincinnati Reds that dominated the National League from 1970 to 1979 . The team is widely recognized as being among the best teams in baseball history . Over that span , the team won six National League West Division titles , four National League pennants , and two World Series titles . The team 's combined record from 1970-1979 was 953 wins and 657 losses , an average of more than 95 wins per season . Additionally , the core of that Reds team actually had the best record in the Major Leagues in 1981 , but did not make the postseason that year because of Bowie Kuhn 's split-season playoff format due to the player 's strike .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d041684b454d20c8e53301b301d6c94",
"text": "It Happened One Sunday It Happened One Sunday is a 1944 British romantic comedy film directed by Karel Lamac and starring Robert Beatty , Barbara White , Marjorie Rhodes , Kathleen Harrison and Moore Marriott . In the film , an Irish servant girl working in Liverpool mistakenly believes that she has a secret admirer working at a hospital , and while seeking him out accidentally meets and falls in love with a serviceman there . She spends the rest of the day around Liverpool with him and they eventually decide to marry . The film was based on the play She Met Him One Sunday by Victor Skutezky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f447272545dd111467fcf425257f960",
"text": "Sunset on the Desert Sunset on the Desert is a 1942 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers , and George `` Gabby '' Hayes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40ba4ecaac43844eff1bcd5527906104",
"text": "Sunset Boulevard (film) Sunset Boulevard ( stylized onscreen as SUNSET BLVD. ) is a 1950 American film noir directed and co-written by Billy Wilder , and produced and co-written by Charles Brackett . It was named after the boulevard that runs through Los Angeles and Beverly Hills , California . The film stars William Holden as Joe Gillis , an unsuccessful screenwriter , and Gloria Swanson as Norma Desmond , a faded silent film star who draws him into her fantasy world where she dreams of making a triumphant return to the screen , with Erich von Stroheim as Max Von Mayerling , her devoted servant . Nancy Olson , Fred Clark , Lloyd Gough and Jack Webb play supporting roles . Director Cecil B. DeMille and gossip columnist Hedda Hopper play themselves , and the film includes cameo appearances by leading silent film actors Buster Keaton , H. B. Warner and Anna Q. Nilsson . Praised by many critics when first released , Sunset Boulevard was nominated for eleven Academy Awards ( including nominations in all four acting categories ) and won three . Deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the U.S. Library of Congress in 1989 , Sunset Boulevard was included in the first group of films selected for preservation in the National Film Registry . In 1998 , it was ranked number twelve on the American Film Institute 's list of the 100 best American films of the 20th century , and in 2007 , it was 16th on their 10th Anniversary list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66f18560fce3c3603473d5e7b26d2efc",
"text": "History of the Cincinnati Reds The Cincinnati Reds are a Major League Baseball team . Originally named the Cincinnati Red Stockings , the name was shortened to the Cincinnati Reds in the 1890s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf1a2307523d4c5a181842e0793df62a",
"text": "List of Republic Pictures films This is a list of films produced and distributed by Republic Pictures . Republic Pictures was an American independent film production-distribution corporation with studio facilities , operating from 1935 through 1959 , and was best known for specializing in westerns , serials , and B films emphasizing mystery and action .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf",
"text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f24a3c0ffb69d5dcb2b8d9bb0a01d37",
"text": "Colorado (film) Colorado is a 1940 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and starring Roy Rogers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74e47255cdc858f93b6c54c9bfcbe9cb",
"text": "LBJ (film) LBJ is a 2017 American political drama film directed by Rob Reiner and written by Joey Hartstone . The film stars Woody Harrelson , Richard Jenkins , Bill Pullman , Kim Allen , Michael Stahl-David , Jennifer Jason Leigh , Jeffrey Donovan , Doug McKeon , and Michael Mosley . Filming began on September 21 , 2015 in New Orleans . It was screened at the 2016 Toronto International Film Festival . On October 12 , 2016 at the 27th edition of the New Orleans Film Festival , Rob Reiner accepted the inaugural Career Achievement Award from LBJ lead actor Woody Harrelson . LBJ made a second film festival showing in less than a month . On May 2 , 2017 , it was announced that Dean Devlin 's Electric Entertainment had acquired all of the film 's North American rights and that the film would be released in 2017 . It was then announced on May 4 that the film would be released in the United States on November 17 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce995a128f28a10dae8d99c3c178640d",
"text": "Ben Hecht Ben Hecht -LSB- ˈhɛkt -RSB- ( February 28 , 1894 -- April 18 , 1964 ) was an American screenwriter , director , producer , playwright , journalist and novelist . A journalist in his youth , he went on to write thirty-five books and some of the most entertaining screenplays and plays in America . He received screen credits , alone or in collaboration , for the stories or screenplays of some seventy films . At the age of 16 , Hecht ran away to Chicago , where in his own words he `` haunted streets , whorehouses , police stations , courtrooms , theater stages , jails , saloons , slums , madhouses , fires , murders , riots , banquet halls , and bookshops '' . In the 1910s and early 1920s , Hecht became a noted journalist , foreign correspondent , and literary figure . In the 1920s , his co-authored , reporter-themed play , The Front Page , became a Broadway hit . The Dictionary of Literary Biography - American Screenwriters calls him `` one of the most successful screenwriters in the history of motion pictures . '' Hecht received the first Academy Award for Original Screenplay , for Underworld ( 1927 ) . Many of the screenplays he worked on are now considered classics . He also provided story ideas for such films as Stagecoach ( 1939 ) . Film historian Richard Corliss called him `` the Hollywood screenwriter '' , someone who `` personified Hollywood itself . '' In 1940 , he wrote , produced , and directed , Angels Over Broadway , which was nominated for Best Screenplay . In total , six of his movie screenplays were nominated for Academy Awards , with two winning . He became an active Zionist shortly before the Holocaust began in Germany , and wrote articles and plays about the plight of European Jews , such as , We Will Never Die in 1943 and A Flag is Born in 1946 . Of his seventy to ninety screenplays , he wrote many anonymously to avoid the British boycott of his work in the late 1940s and early 1950s . The boycott was a response to Hecht 's active support of paramilitary action against British forces in Palestine and sabotaging British property there ( see below ) , during which time a supply ship to Palestine was named the S. S. Ben Hecht . According to his autobiography , he never spent more than eight weeks on a script . In 1983 , 19 years after his death , Ben Hecht was posthumously inducted into the American Theater Hall of Fame .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b04fe9ab1ef846bfdc5dd3af15699192 | There is an American crime drama film called The Place Beyond the Pines. | [
{
"docid": "fa9054419c187058d62d6ea1b9b4c737",
"text": "The Place Beyond the Pines The Place Beyond the Pines is a 2012 American crime drama film directed by Derek Cianfrance and written by Cianfrance , Ben Coccio , and Darius Marder . It stars Ryan Gosling , Bradley Cooper , Eva Mendes , Emory Cohen and Dane DeHaan , with Ben Mendelsohn , Rose Byrne , Mahershala Ali , Bruce Greenwood , Harris Yulin , and Ray Liotta in supporting roles . The film reunites Cianfrance and Gosling , who worked together on 2010 's Blue Valentine . The film was scored by Mike Patton and also featured previously written music by Estonian composer Arvo Pärt . The title is the English meaning of the city of Schenectady , New York , which is derived loosely from a Mohawk word for `` place beyond the pine plains . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d3e612806b408d0d37f1bc81566b39c7",
"text": "Crash and Burn (2008 film) Crash and Burn is a 2008 made-for-television action crime thriller film released on Spike TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21d6bdd9671fd4a444e8c371189bd14a",
"text": "Beyond This Place (2010 film) Beyond This Place ( 2010 ) is a documentary film directed by Kaleo La Belle , screened at a number of film festivals . In it , La Belle reunites with his biological father Cloud Rock La Belle , a charismatic figure who was largely absent from his life . The film deals , in a personal and intimate way , with issues of parenting , issues of freedom versus responsibility , and with the aging of the 60 's generation . The film won an award for Best Documentary over 60 minutes at the 2010 Krakow Film Festival and the `` Prix création '' award at the 2010 Visions du Réel film festival . The score of the film was written by Sufjan Stevens and Raymond Raposa . The film was screened with a live musical performance by the two musicians in the fall of 2011 , including at the Castro Theater in San Francisco .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d34cb07d090dc1bbf1d0a1524705fe2e",
"text": "Tenebrae (film) Tenebrae ( also known as Tenebre ) is a 1982 English-language Italian giallo film written and directed by Dario Argento . The film stars Anthony Franciosa as American author Peter Neal , who -- while in Rome promoting his latest murder-mystery novel -- becomes embroiled in the search for a serial killer who may have been inspired to kill by the novel . John Saxon and Daria Nicolodi co-star as Neal 's agent and assistant ; Giuliano Gemma and Carola Stagnaro appear as detectives investigating the murders . John Steiner , Veronica Lario and Mirella D'Angelo also feature . The film has been described as exploring themes of dualism and sexual aberration , and has strong metafictional elements ; some commentators consider Tenebrae to be a direct reaction by Argento to criticism of his previous work , most especially his depictions of murders of beautiful women . After Argento had experimented with pure supernatural horror with 1977 's Suspiria and 1980 's Inferno , Tenebrae represented the filmmaker 's return to the giallo horror subgenre , which he had helped popularize in the 1970s . Argento was inspired by a series of incidents which saw an obsessed fan telephone the director to criticise him for the damaging psychological effects of his previous work . The telephone calls culminated in death threats towards Argento , who channelled the experience into the writing of Tenebrae . The director also wanted to explore the senselessness of killings he had witnessed and heard about while staying in Los Angeles in 1980 , and his feeling at the time that true horror came from those who wanted `` to kill for nothing '' . Shot on location in Rome and at Elios Studios , Tenebrae utilised mostly modern-looking locations and sets to help Argento realise his intent that the film reflect a near-future with a diminished population ; the director filmed none of the historical landmarks that usually featured in films set in Rome . Employing director of photography Luciano Tovoli , Argento also intended that the film simulate the stark , realistic lighting featured in television police shows at the time ; production designer Giuseppe Bassa created supporting environments that were cold and austere , with sharp angles and modernistic spaces . Several former members of Italian rock band Goblin provided Tenebraes music , a synth-heavy score inspired by rock and disco music . Tenebrae was a modest success in Italy ; it reached theatres with little controversy after Argento made cuts to one of the most violent scenes . However , in the United Kingdom , it was added to the infamous list of `` video nasties '' and banned from sale until 1999 . The film 's theatrical distribution in the United States was delayed until 1984 , when it was released in a heavily censored version under the title Unsane . In its cut form , Tenebrae received a mostly negative critical reception , but the original , fully restored version later became widely available for reappraisal ; it is considered by some to be one of Argento 's best thrillers . The film critic and author Maitland McDonagh said that it was `` in many respects ... the finest film that Argento has ever made '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3dd15c8f78df6d9b8ef19b8c24892bd",
"text": "Above the Law (film) Above the Law ( also known as Nico ) is a 1988 American action film written , produced and directed by Andrew Davis , and also produced by and starring Steven Seagal in his film debut . The film co-stars Pam Grier , Sharon Stone , Daniel Faraldo and Henry Silva . This came about after a successful screen test , financed by Michael Ovitz , leading to Seagal being offered a contract by Warner Bros. . The film was set and filmed on location in Chicago . The film was released in the United States on April 8 , 1988 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4a34260aacb0b2b286bbf94514b2f06",
"text": "Endangerment Endangerment is a type of crime involving conduct that is wrongful and reckless or wanton , and likely to produce death or grievous bodily harm to another person . There are several kinds of endangerment , each of which is a criminal act that can be prosecuted in a court . In some U.S. states , such as Florida , substantially similar language is used for the crime of Culpable negligence . The offense is intended to prohibit and therefore deter reckless or wanton conduct that wrongfully creates a substantial risk of death or serious injury to others . Various laws specify several types of endangerment : Child endangerment and animal endangerment : placing a child or animal in a potentially harmful situation , either through negligence or misconduct . Reckless endangerment : A person commits the crime of reckless endangerment if the person recklessly engages in conduct which creates a substantial risk of serious physical injury to another person . `` Reckless '' conduct is conduct that exhibits a culpable disregard of foreseeable consequences to others from the act or omission involved . The accused need not intentionally cause a resulting harm . The ultimate question is whether , under all of the circumstances , the accused 's conduct was of that heedless nature that made it actually or imminently dangerous to the rights or safety of others . Public endangerment is usually applied to crimes which place the public in some form of danger , although that danger can be more or less severe according to the crime . It is punished most frequently in Canada . Endangerment can range from a misdemeanor to a felony . For example , the New York Penal Code § 120.20 defines reckless endangerment in the second degree ( class A misdemeanor ) as conduct that `` creates a substantial serious risk of injury to another person '' , and § 120.25 deals with reckless endangerment in the first degree ( class D felony ) , which is conduct that shows a `` depraved indifference to human life '' and `` creates a grave risk of death to another person '' . In addition , § 145.25 codifies reckless endangerment to property as a class B misdemeanor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06f030be87ffb50173e040dce2fb489a",
"text": "Perp walk A perp walk , or walking the perp , The term `` perp '' is short for `` perpetrator '' , and is commonly used by police departments for those they arrest . It is legally inaccurate since the arrested individual 's guilt has not been judicially established at that point . is a practice in American law enforcement of taking an arrested suspect through a public place , creating an opportunity for the media to take photographs and video of the event . The defendant is typically handcuffed or otherwise restrained , and is sometimes dressed in prison garb . Within the United States the perp walk is most closely associated with New York City . The practice rose in popularity in the 1980s under U.S. Attorney Rudolph Giuliani , when white-collar criminals were perp-walked . The perp walk arose incidentally from the need to transport a defendant from a police station to court after arrest , and the general prohibition of prior restraint under the U.S. Constitution 's First Amendment . Law enforcement agencies often coordinate with the media in scheduling and arranging them . It has been criticized as a form of public humiliation that violates a defendant 's right to privacy and is prejudicial to the presumption of innocence , but is defended as promoting transparency in the criminal justice system . American courts have permitted it on the grounds that it arises from the limitations and necessity of police procedure , but have also limited it only to those times when it is actually necessary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "979e9b608411e33e2e4dd1d93038d4d5",
"text": "Reasonable doubt Reasonable doubt is a term used in jurisdiction of Anglo-Saxon countries . Evidence that is beyond reasonable doubt is the standard of evidence required to validate a criminal conviction in most adversarial legal systems . Generally , prosecutors bear the burden of proof and are required to prove their version of events to this standard . This means that the proposition being presented by the prosecution must be proven to the extent that there could be no `` reasonable doubt '' in the mind of a `` reasonable person '' that the defendant is guilty . There can still be a doubt , but only to the extent that it would not affect a reasonable person 's belief regarding whether or not the defendant is guilty . Beyond `` the shadow of a doubt '' is sometimes used interchangeably with beyond reasonable doubt , but this extends beyond the latter , to the extent that it may be considered an impossible standard . The term `` reasonable doubt '' is therefore used . If doubt does affect a `` reasonable person 's '' belief that the defendant is guilty , the jury is not satisfied beyond `` reasonable doubt '' . The precise meaning of words such as `` reasonable '' and `` doubt '' are usually defined within jurisprudence of the applicable country . A related idea is Blackstone 's formulation `` It is better that ten guilty persons escape than that one innocent suffer '' . Beyond a reasonable doubt is the highest burden of proof in any court in the United States . Criminal cases must be proven beyond a reasonable doubt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3007caf7e24d088881aa9170145c8d8",
"text": "Prison Break (film) Prison Break is a 1938 American crime-drama film directed by Arthur Lubin and starring Barton MacLane , Glenda Farrell and Paul Hurst . The film was based on the story `` Walls of San Quentin '' by Norton S. Parker . It was released by Universal Pictures on July 12 , 1938 . A fisherman confesses to a murder he did n't commit to protect a friend . Determined to keep out of trouble in prison , but another convict makes things difficult for him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a",
"text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "535d2a318c964489df4b222608e81981",
"text": "Auggie Rose Auggie Rose , also known as Beyond Suspicion , is a 2000 American drama film starring Jeff Goldblum and Anne Heche . It was originally shown on Cinemax and then released on video with the title Beyond Suspicion before a limited theatrical release in San Francisco , Los Angeles and New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc72ddb4d40df43012112acf5c184bd5",
"text": "Karen Sisco Karen Sisco is an American crime drama television series starring Carla Gugino in the title role . The series was created by novelist Elmore Leonard , based on a character who had appeared in several of his written works , as well as one film adaptation , 1998 's Out of Sight . The series debuted on October 1 , 2003 on ABC , and was canceled after seven episodes . As a U.S. Deputy Marshal , based on Miami , Florida 's Gold Coast , Karen must deal with the underbelly of South Beach nightlife and Palm Beach high life while tracking down fugitives . She also struggles to win the respect of her fellow officers . Karen occasionally gets advice from her father , a retired Miami police officer turned private investigator , who is Karen 's confidant , counselor , and confessor . The show faced stiff competition from NBC 's Law & Order . TV Guide included the series in their 2013 list of 60 shows that were `` Canceled Too Soon '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e9f536a8b5ba45b4c3167d441a87e61",
"text": "This Must Be the Place This Must Be the Place may refer to : Film : This Must Be the Place ( film ) , a 2011 drama film directed by Paolo Sorrentino Song : `` This Must Be the Place ( Naive Melody ) '' , a 1983 song by Talking Heads Album : This Must Be the Place ( album ) , a 1985 album by Morrissey-Mullen This Must Be the Place , a 1992 album by Mark Korven Book : This Must Be the Place : Memoirs of Montparnasse , 1937 , repub .1989 . James `` Jimmie '' Charters , ed . Morrill Cody . This Must Be the Place : The Adventures of Talking Heads in the Twentieth Century , book , 2001 , David Bowman . This Must Be the Place , novel , 2008 Anna Winger . This Must Be the Place '' , novel , 2010 Kate Racculia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f989b31194417efcb528494f8b7b56e2",
"text": "A Simple Plan (film) A Simple Plan is a 1998 American neo-noir crime thriller film adapted by Scott B. Smith from his 1993 novel of the same name . Directed by Sam Raimi , the film stars Bill Paxton , Billy Bob Thornton and Bridget Fonda . Set in rural Minnesota , the story follows Hank Mitchell ( Paxton ) and his brother Jacob ( Thornton ) , who , along with Jacob 's friend Lou ( Brent Briscoe ) , discover a crashed plane containing $ 4.4 million in cash . The three men go to great lengths to keep the money a secret but begin to doubt each other 's trust , resulting in lies , deceit and murder . Development of the film began in 1993 before the novel was published . Mike Nichols purchased the film rights , and the project was picked up by an independent film studio , Savoy Pictures . After Nichols stepped down , the film adaptation became mired in development hell ; during the troubled pre-production , Ben Stiller and John Dahl turned down opportunities to direct the film . After Savoy closed in November 1995 , the project was sold to Paramount Pictures . John Boorman was hired to direct , but scheduling conflicts led to his replacement by Raimi . Principal photography began in January 1998 and concluded in March after 55 days ; filming took place in Wisconsin and Minnesota . The score was produced and composed by Danny Elfman . A Simple Plan premiered at the 1998 Toronto International Film Festival , where it was met with critical acclaim . The film 's appearance at the festival preceded a limited release in the United States on December 11 , 1998 , followed by a general release in North America on January 22 , 1999 . It underperformed at the North American box office , grossing $ 16.3 million on a $ 17 million production budget . Reviewers praised various aspects of the film 's production , including the storytelling , performances and Raimi 's direction . A Simple Plan earned multiple awards and nominations , among them two Academy Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor ( Thornton ) and Best Adapted Screenplay ( Smith ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee170d24518eddab940514b7be879177",
"text": "Subway (Homicide: Life on the Street) `` Subway '' ( sometimes referred to as `` The Accident '' ) is the seventh episode of the sixth season of the American police television drama Homicide : Life on the Street , and the 84th episode overall . It first aired on NBC in the United States on December 5 , 1997 . In the episode , John Lange ( Vincent D'Onofrio ) becomes pinned between a Baltimore Metro Subway train and the station platform . The Baltimore homicide department is informed that Lange will be dead within an hour and Pembleton tries to solve the case while comforting Lange in his final minutes . `` Subway '' featured guest star Bruce MacVittie as a man suspected of pushing Lange into the path of the train . The episode was written by James Yoshimura , who co-produced with David Simon . It was directed by Gary Fleder and was the only episode of Homicide : Life on the Street helmed by the feature film director . Yoshimura based `` Subway '' on an episode of the HBO hidden-camera documentary show Taxicab Confessions , in which a New York City detective described a real-life instance of a man trapped between a subway train and platform . `` Subway '' was filmed on location in a Baltimore Metropolitan Transit Authority ( MTA ) station . Fleder included cinematic elements that were uncommon in the traditionally naturalistic show . This led to conflicts between Fleder and director of photography Alex Zakrzewski . `` Subway '' received overwhelmingly positive reviews but ranked number three in its time-slot during its original broadcast , capturing 10.3 million viewers but falling behind ABC 's 20/20 and CBS 's Nash Bridges . The episode won a Peabody Award for excellence in television broadcasting and was nominated for two Emmy Awards , one for Yoshimura 's script and one for D'Onofrio 's guest performance . `` Subway '' was the subject of a two-hour PBS television documentary , Anatomy of a `` Homicide : Life on the Street '' , which originally aired on the network on November 4 , 1998 . Screenwriter Vince Gilligan said `` Subway '' directly influenced an episode of The X-Files that he wrote , which in turn helped inspire the casting of Bryan Cranston in Breaking Bad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c378d7fdaea9c7aa84d07188b8c69b66",
"text": "Five Across the Eyes (film) Five Across the Eyes is a suspense/horror film directed by Greg Swinson and Ryan Thiessen and produced by Trauma One Entertainment . It was shot in 2005 in Morristown , Tennessee , and neighboring Greene County , Tennessee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20f47c81c48267e1dfbfe8cf664922fc",
"text": "Grave Danger `` Grave Danger '' is the fifth season finale of the American crime drama CSI : Crime Scene Investigation , which is set in Las Vegas , Nevada . This two-parter was directed by Quentin Tarantino and was aired on May 19 , 2005 . The episode features veteran actors Tony Curtis and Frank Gorshin as long-time friends of character Sam Braun . Gorshin died two days before the episode aired in the United States . The episode was later dedicated to his memory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fd666059a1475c42e531a3b54b3dbcd",
"text": "Death Warrant (film) Death Warrant is a 1990 American action crime mystery-thriller film directed by Deran Sarafian and produced by Mark DiSalle . The film was written by David S. Goyer while a student at USC , and was Goyer 's first screenplay to be sold and produced commercially . In the film , the police detective Louis Burke is going into a prison facility at California as an undercover cop in order to find out who stands behind a mysterious series of murders , and finds himself locked up with his arch-nemesis ; Christian Naylor , a psychotic serial killer who calls himself `` The Sandman '' whom sets out to exact revenge upon him after getting into prison . Death Warrant was released on September 14 , 1990 . Upon its release , the film grossed $ 46 million against production budget of only $ 6 million . The film received general mixed to poor critical reaction from critics who found the direction , its storyline , villain , and the plot poor , but highly praised the acting as well as the action scenes and the thrilling atmosphere .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0b323276c6f64434ae072eb1ca51ce6",
"text": "Death row Death row is a special section of a prison in the United States that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of a capital crime . The US is the only Western country that still applies the death penalty for capital crimes . Thirty-one of its 50 states and the federal government authorize this penalty . But by 2016 , sixteen of these states and the federal government had a formal or `` de facto '' moratorium , due in large part to questions about the death penalty itself or the use of lethal injection as a method of execution . `` Death row '' is a term also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution ( `` being on death row '' ) , even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists . After a person is found guilty of a capital offense , the judge will give the jury the option of imposing a death sentence or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole ( LWOP ) . It is up to a jury to decide whether to give the death sentence ; this usually has to be a unanimous decision . If sentenced to death , a convict will remain on death row during appeal and habeas corpus procedures , which can take years . Since 1973 and later , with an increasing number of persons being freed since 1993 , some 157 persons as of January 2017 have been exonerated on appeal and released from death row . Wrongful convictions have been proven based on DNA evidence , informants retracting testimony or being proven false , prosecutorial misconduct , racial bias in jury selection , and other constitutional issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a94acd4c4fa95591ae81a0d03fdbd8c5",
"text": "Beyond Evil Beyond Evil is a 1980 horror film directed by Herb Freed and starring John Saxon .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b95e47e7b0fdaf5071bf4112bf1ee0c6 | Ranbir Kapoor cofounded Picture Shuru Productions. | [
{
"docid": "7554cef0896d41f1f05b72b6cd8a56d7",
"text": "Ranbir Kapoor Ranbir Kapoor ( -LSB- rəˈɳbiːr kəˈpuːr -RSB- ; born 28 September 1982 ) is an Indian actor and producer . The son of actors Rishi and Neetu , and the grandson of actor-director Raj , Kapoor pursued film-making and method acting at the School of Visual Arts and the Lee Strasberg Theatre and Film Institute , respectively . He subsequently assisted Sanjay Leela Bhansali on the film Black ( 2005 ) , and made his acting debut with Bhansali 's tragic romance Saawariya ( 2007 ) , a box office flop . Kapoor rose to prominence with his performances in the coming-of-age film Wake Up Sid ( 2009 ) , the romantic comedy Ajab Prem Ki Ghazab Kahani ( 2009 ) , the comedy drama Rocket Singh : Salesman of the Year ( 2009 ) , and the political thriller-crime drama Raajneeti ( 2010 ) . The romantic drama Rockstar ( 2011 ) and the comedy drama Barfi ! ( 2012 ) earned Kapoor two consecutive Best Actor awards at Filmfare , and a starring role in the romantic comedy Yeh Jawaani Hai Deewani ( 2013 ) one of the highest-grossing Bollywood filmsestablished him as a leading Bollywood actor . However , he followed it by starring in a series of films that under-performed at the box office , although his performance in the romantic drama Tamasha ( 2015 ) was critically acclaimed . This changed in 2016 when he starred as a musician in the commercially successful romance Ae Dil Hai Mushkil . Through his career in Bollywood films , Kapoor has become one of the most popular celebrities and one of the highest-paid actors in India . He is the recipient of several awards , including five Filmfare Awards . In addition to acting in films , Kapoor supports charities and causes . He is the co-founder of the production company Picture Shuru Productions , and is a co-owner of the Indian Super League football team Mumbai City FC .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "bb7ac923ad440a25aa792aacc7679a43",
"text": "Geetha Arts Geetha Arts ( Telugu : గీతా ఆర్ట్స్ ) is an Indian film production and distribution company established in 1972 by Allu Aravind , brother-in-law of Chiranjeevi . The company is based in Hyderabad and had produced films in Telugu , Tamil , Kannada and Hindi languages . Geetha Arts though came to be known for its big-budget blockbusters , the company marked its beginning by producing a small-budget movie Banthrotu Bharya in 1974 . The company delivered several successful projects from the beginning , the film Vijetha , a family drama starring Chiranjeevi set the trend of blockbusters for Geetha Arts . Since then , Geetha Arts has made movies mostly featuring superstars such as Chiranjeevi , Rajinikanth , Aamir Khan , Anil Kapoor , Pawan Kalyan , Allu Arjun and Ram Charan . After consolidating the film production business , Geetha Arts expanded its presence into film distribution , exhibition and digital content . In the highly fragmented and unorganized industry , Geetha Arts is one of the few players that has streamlined its business and evolve into an integrated film conglomerate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "837fc04e63cd491aa5a598c806d9cda8",
"text": "R. K. Films R. K. Films is a film production company , based in R. K. Studio , a film studio both established by and named after the Bollywood actor Raj Kapoor , headquartered at Chembur , Mumbai . It was founded in 1948 , one year after India gained independence . It had a rough start , as its first movie , Aag ( 1948 ) did not perform well at the box office . Most of the R.K. Films productions share a common theme of criticising society and depicting love across social divide",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40959f8d3abb23b5b06a6c913ab273ac",
"text": "Animation studio An animation studio is a company producing animated media . The broadest such companies conceive of products to produce , own the physical equipment for production , employ operators for that equipment , and hold a major stake in the sales or rentals of the media produced . They also own rights over merchandising and creative rights for characters created/held by the company , much like authors holding copyrights . In some early cases , they also held patent rights over methods of animation used in certain studios that were used for boosting productivity . Overall , they are business concerns and can function as such in legal terms . Currently there are about 201 animation studios dedicated to the production and distribution of animated films that are active . Few are actual production house where as others are corporate entities . Many of these animation studios help with the fulfillment of animation works for big brand names and have carried out outsourced projects including Nemo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e781a6450d10157519c30e6ea8d967a",
"text": "Sanjay Kapoor Sanjay Kapoor is a Bollywood actor and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d1a2b1ccabcb182a13112d944fc01fc",
"text": "Sarwanam Theatre Group Sarwanam Theatre Group is a leading Nepalese theatre group founded by Dr Govind Singh Rawat with its play , directed and written by Dr Govind Singh Rawat and Asses Malla ; `` Murdabad ma utheka hathharu ( Hands raised in protest ) '' at the Tribhuwan University Auditorium in Kathmandu . The play 's target was the political system , with artists depicting the grave realities of the political upheaval in the country . The ruling political elite of the time banned the play . They united with other minded theater artists and gave birth to Sarwanam Theatre Group in A.D 1982 . Today , Sarwanam has established itself as the leading theater group of Nepal . By introducing alternative theatre that requires little or no artificial props on the stage , Sarwanam has successfully triumphed over the dominating rule of the traditional and conventional proscenium theatre in Nepal . Before the birth of Sarwanam , conventional theatre was the popular form of theatre in Nepal that only focused towards the elite and privileged classes and displayed expensive props and settings . Sarwanam devised alternative theatre as a need to reach out to the common people that accumulate the large population of the country . Sarwanam emphasizes on mime and symbolic body movements to express social based stories in a distinctive style . Its heart rendering social plays express the plight of sufferers from all across the country . Since its initial days , Sarwanam has been constantly fighting to attain democracy in the nation through its highly artistic plays . It has traveled all over the nation delivering social messages through its plays . It has also established more than 50 theatre groups in various communities by assisting them in training and other activities . Sarwanam is also the pioneer organization of street theatre in Nepal . In a developing country like Nepal , they took this street theatre to every nook and corner of the country , even to most remote areas where the only mode of transportation is walking . Collaborating with INGO 's like The Asia Foundation , UN , DANIDA , WWF and Save the Children , Sarwanam 's street theatre delivers various social messages through its entertaining and engaging street plays . Sarwanam has performed popular proscenium plays all over Nepal and most South Asian countries like India , Pakistan , Bangladesh and Pakistan . It regularly invites foreign theatre groups to perform in Nepal . Some works pioneered by Sarwanam Street Drama Experimental presentation of short stories and poems in stage Advertisement Play Sarwanam music Playback Theatre Community development through theatrical activities . Organized to perform street theater , Sarwanam performs plays which focus on social issues in Nepal . Ashesh Malla , Om Mani Sharma , and Indra Ratna Bajracharya form the Managing committee who manage Sarwanam Theatre Group and Sarwanam Dramatic Art Centre . The group has developed the Sarwanam Art Centre in Putali Sadak , Kalikasthan , Kathmandu , which houses a theatre auditorium , cafeteria , art gallery , workshop hall and research centre . Sarwanam has given performances in collaboration with The Asia Foundation , UNMIN , UNFPA , and Save the Children .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48ca92041482cad2e3b933e325b4b81a",
"text": "Karan Raj Kanwar Karan Raj Kanwar is an Indian film producer . He is the son of Raj Kanwar and Anita Kanwar . He is the current head of the production company Inderjit Films Combine . Karan Raj Kanwar is recognized as the youngest film producer in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c117ef7fa0fabe016f7a3ebe4125e507",
"text": "Sanober Kabir Sanober Kabir is a former Bollywood actress . She is the niece of actor Raza Murad and great-niece of veteran actor Murad . Her cousin is actress Sonam . She made her debut in Sawan Kumar Tak 's movie ` Mother 98 ' , starring Rekha . After acting in few Bollywood flicks , Sanober decided to shift focus with her career and concentrated on television . After doing some TV Serials like Tum Bin Jaon Kaha , Arzoo Hai Tu and Karishma , she turned to singing and launched her Remix Album `` Bombshell Babe '' . Song ` Meri Bari Ke Baer Mat Thodo ' from that album was a Big Hit . In 2010 , Sanober married actor Rajiv Singh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddea11b2afc6e257b07614cb8310faac",
"text": "Shortkut Shortkut ( also known as Short Kut : The Con Is On ) is a 2009 Bollywood comedy film directed by Neeraj Vora and produced by Anil Kapoor under Anil Kapoor Films Company . The film stars Akshaye Khanna , Arshad Warsi and Amrita Rao in lead roles . It released on 10 July 2009 worldwide to mostly negative reviews from critics . The film was an uncredited remake of the blockbuster Malayalam film Udayananu Tharam starring Mohanlal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672",
"text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ec003dd8dddf4ea761b42362ddf1ea9",
"text": "Baburam Dhakal Baburam Dhakal ( born 4 April 1979 ) is a film director active in the Nepali film industry . He has directed several successful Nepali movies , such as Dulahi , 9 O'clock and Parkhi Rakha Hai . Dhakal is also a screenwriter and a producer . Dhakal has been involved in the film industry since 2000 , when he was an assistant director for the TV series Rista , broadcast on Zee TV in India . The first TV series he directed was Nalekhiyeko Saino in 2005 , broadcast on Kantipur Television Network . The first Nepali feature film he directed was Parkhi Rakha Hai in 2009 , produced by Diya Films Pvt. Ltd. . In 2015 , he produced and directed the upcoming Nepali feature film Teen Ghumti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3763b394daba8a2434970d287b28979",
"text": "AM Television AM Television is an Indian Media Company founded by Sanjive Narain who produced Assamese language films and Television Shows . This Media company is an owner of premium Assamese language Entertainment channel Rengoni .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be96cf938a807b718b728aae130c7937",
"text": "S. N. Patankar Shree Nath Patankar ( ? -1941 ) was an Indian producer , director , and cameraman . Referred to as `` one of the early pioneers of Indian Cinema '' , his influence is stated to be equal to that of Dadasaheb Phalke . He was one of a wide range of people who filmed the historic Delhi Durbar in 1911 held for King George V of England . The Durbar was also filmed by Madan and Hiralal Shah , another professional photographer from Bombay . Patankar initially teamed up with V. P. Divekar and A. P. Karandikar , with the renowned freedom fighter and Nationalist leader , Lokmanya Tilak , helping them in getting finance from Bhagwandas Chaturbhuj and Dharamdas Narayandas , two well-established financiers . Their debut production in 1912 , Savitri , directed by Patankar was unsuccessful . The three formed a production company called Patankar Union in 1913 . They produced The Death Of Narayanrao Peshwa also called The Murder Of Narayanrao Peshwa in 1915 , which has been cited as the first historical film of Indian cinema , as well as the mythological Ram Vanvas ( The Exile Of Rama ) ( 1918 ) . Patankar went on to form Patankar Friends and Company with Dwarkadas Sampat who had joined them in 1917 , producing and directing Kach-Devyani ( 1920 ) . He also worked as an actor in films like Mahashweta Kadambari ( 1922 ) , Videhi Janak ( 1923 ) , and Vaman Avatar ( 1923 ) , which were directed by him . In a career-span of fifteen years covering 1912-1926 , he made over forty films . According to Rajadhyaksha and Willemen , Patankar 's `` historicals and mythologicals were among the most professionally made films before the studio era ( pre-1925 ) '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2d9b10f940dea3147617d29548b4cd93",
"text": "Mr. India (1987 film) Mr. India is a 1987 Indian Hindi science fiction superhero film directed by Shekhar Kapur . It stars Anil Kapoor , Sridevi and Amrish Puri in the lead roles The film was the highest grossing Indian film of 1987 , and remains a cult classic in India . The film was known for several of its lines and songs , including Sridevi 's Miss Hawa Hawaii performance , and Amrish Puri 's quote `` Mogambo khush hua '' ( Mogambo is pleased ) , which is one of the most famous quotes of Bollywood and became synonymous with Puri . The Mogambo character is also considered to be one of the best villains in Bollywood history . Laxmikant-Pyarelal 's music performed well too , especially the song Hawa Hawaii which is very popular till today . The film has often been featured in different lists of top Bollywood films . Indiatimes Movies ranks the movie amongst the Top 25 Must See Bollywood Films . This was the last film that the writing duo Salim-Javed wrote together . They had split up earlier in 1982 , but came back for one last film . On the centenary of Indian Cinema , Mr. India has been declared one of the 100 Greatest Indian Films of All Time . Interestingly Rajesh Khanna and Amitabh Bachchan were offered the lead role , but they turned it down as they could n't relate with the invisible hero .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6286e53de3a54e56795f523437f2059",
"text": "Heera (1973 film) Heera is a 1973 producer and directed by Sultan Ahmed . The film stars Sunil Dutt , Asha Parekh and Shatrughan Sinha in lead role . The film was a `` Hit '' at the box office and ranked 9th in top grossers on 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce413d4a5d3136f958c82af8496104da",
"text": "Yellow Studio Works Yellow Studio Works is an Indian Production House based out of Hyderabad started by three film enthusiasts",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d49fe213f3b36a30b0d7f18726fbab86",
"text": "Shekhar Sen Shekhar Sen is a singer , a music composer , a lyricist , and an actor . Sen is famous for his monoact musical plays that he researched , written , composed , enacted , and directed : `` Tulsi '' , `` Kabeer '' , `` Vivekanand '' , `` Saahab '' & `` Soordas '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd153be73a30ecdcb9930a8bad6be6b6",
"text": "Viswanathan Ravichandran Viswanathan Ravichandran , also known as Oscar V. Ravichandran , is an Indian film producer and distributor in Chennai , India . He is the founder and owner of the production and distribution company , Oscar Films Pvt. Ltd. . Ravichandran started his venture in 1998 with the co-production of Kadhalukku Mariyadhai . He went on to produce many large-scale Tamil language films and distribute a number of English films across South India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09ab0fe76ae3ef93884ddafac29e39bb",
"text": "Abhay (film) Abhay is a Kannada romantic action film released in 2009 written by Janardhan Maharshi and directed Mahesh Babu . It was produced by Babu Reddy under Nithin Productions banner . Darshan and Aarti Thakur appeared in lead roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99128aaa19530520fb491aa7f91cc31a",
"text": "Upendra (actor) Upendra Rao ( born 18 September 1968 ) known mononymously as Upendra , is an Indian film actor , director , producer , screenwriter , lyricist and playback singer who works primarily in Kannada cinema . He started his career under actor and film director Kashinath , as a writer and an assistant director . His first directorial venture was Tharle Nan Maga ( 1992 ) . In the late 1990s he directed Om , which portrayed actual Bangalore gangsters , followed by A , which was his debut film as an actor . Upendra , his next film , starred Raveena Tandon , a Bollywood actress . After a decade of acting in Kannada , Telugu and Tamil films , he returned to the role of director with the multilingual movie Super , which was well-received critically and commercially . Upendra is known for his work in movies like A ( 1998 ) , Kanyadanam ( 1998 ) , Upendra ( 1999 ) , Preethse ( 2000 ) , Raa ( 2001 ) , HO ( 2002 ) , Super Star ( 2002 ) , Hollywood ( 2002 ) , Kutumba ( 2003 ) , Raktha Kanneeru ( 2003 ) , Gokarna ( 2003 ) , Omkara ( 2004 ) , Gowramma ( 2005 ) , Auto Shankar ( 2005 ) , Aishwarya ( 2006 ) , Anatharu ( 2007 ) , Budhivanta ( 2008 ) , Super ( 2010 ) , Kalpana ( 2012 ) , S/O Satyamurthy ( 2015 ) , Uppi 2 ( 2015 ) , Kalpana 2 ( 2016 ) and Mukunda Murari . Upendra has thus established himself as one of the most successful actors and directors of Kannada cinema . He is currently one of the highest paid directors and actors in the Kannada cinema .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
95cf30f446c30f0b9304730b160be45a | 21 Jump Street was released in 2012. | [
{
"docid": "a747337954610056ce61f3be6677fb5a",
"text": "21 Jump Street (film) 21 Jump Street is a 2012 American action comedy film directed by Phil Lord and Christopher Miller , written by Michael Bacall starring Jonah Hill and Channing Tatum . An adaptation of the 1987-1991 television series of the same name by Stephen J. Cannell and Patrick Hasburgh , set within the same continuity as the TV series ; the film follows two police officers who are forced to relive high school when they are assigned to go undercover as high school students to prevent the outbreak of a new synthetic drug and arrest its supplier . It was released theatrically on March 16 , 2012 , by Columbia Pictures and Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and grossed $ 201 million . A sequel , titled 22 Jump Street , was released on June 13 , 2014 . Two further films , MIB 23 ( a crossover with the Men in Black franchise ) and a female-led spin-off , are currently in development .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3227c4be0dfa6c08cb4d28f6f09e4ebd",
"text": "NBA Live 13 NBA Live 13 is the cancelled basketball installment in the NBA Live series , developed and published by Electronic Arts ( EA ) . The game was to be a reboot of the series and would be departing from previous entries , with the focus on an `` all-new experience that captures on the future of basketball '' . NBA Live 13 was to be released for Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . There were reports that the game could have been released digitally . However , on September 27 , 2012 , EA confirmed on their website that the game 's launch has been cancelled due to the game 's `` disappointing '' development . While the 2013 edition was cancelled , according to EA 's vice president Andrew Wilson , he stated at the time that '' -LSB- they are -RSB- going to sit out the full year and stay focused on making next year 's game great . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7924fc2cb2fa6729f29ed783c536a446",
"text": "Election Special Election Special is the 2012 fifteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Ry Cooder . After his 2011 album Pull Up Some Dust and Sit Down , Cooder continued writing topical and storyline-inspired songs . Displeased with the Republican Party and its financial supporters , he also wanted to write an album that would address listeners during the United States presidential election of 2012 , which he believed to be a critical event in the country 's history . Election Special was recorded mostly at Drive-By Studios in North Hollywood and produced by Cooder . Election Special is an American roots and blues rock album of protest songs with music characterized by upbeat melodies , simple instrumentation , and sparse arrangements . Cooder played all of the instruments , including bass , guitar , and mandolin , with the exception of drums by his son Joachim . A deeply political album , it expands on the socio-political musings and current event topics of Pull Up Some Dust and Sit Down with forthright , satirical lyrics and song-form vignettes . Cooder 's songwriting exhibits liberal and populist sentiments and draws on older musical sources such as broadside ballads and country blues . Election Special was released by Perro Verde Records and Nonesuch Records on August 16 , 2012 , one week before the 2012 Republican National Convention . It received generally positive reviews from critics , who complimented its topical protest songs and Cooder 's musicianship . The album peaked at number 164 on the Billboard 200 chart in the US , but charted significantly higher in other countries . Cooder did not tour in promotion of the album , citing a lost interest in both playing large concert venues and the commercial aspect of releasing records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b8719845ed3fa00ec10566f947ad871",
"text": "Bad Ass (film) Bad Ass is a 2012 American action film written and directed by Craig Moss . The film stars Danny Trejo , Charles S. Dutton , and Ron Perlman . It is loosely based on the viral AC Transit Bus fight internet video and the films Gran Torino and Harry Brown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af5aaef8f8e1767483ad16f9f2128cff",
"text": "FEI World Cup Jumping 2011/2012 The FEI World Cup Jumping 2011/2012 is the 34th edition of the premier international show jumping competition run by the FEI . The final is held at the 's - Hertogenbosch , Netherlands from April 18 , 2012 to April 22 , 2012 . Christian Ahlmann of Germany is the defending champion , having won the final the previous year ( 2010/11 ) in Leipzig , Germany . First time ever a Chinese League is held . In the Japan League the horse show in Minamisōma was replaced by a horse show in Mito as a result of the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear disaster .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b1856f745a398c1556f8075fe93924c",
"text": "L.A. Noire L.A. Noire is a neo-noir detective action-adventure video game developed by Team Bondi and published by Rockstar Games . It was initially released for the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 platforms on 17 May 2011 ; a Microsoft Windows port was later released on 8 November 2011 . L.A. Noire is set in Los Angeles in 1947 and challenges the player , controlling a Los Angeles Police Department ( LAPD ) officer , to solve a range of cases across five divisions . Players must investigate crime scenes for clues , follow up leads , and interrogate suspects , and the player 's success at these activities will impact how much of each case 's story is revealed . The game draws heavily from both the plot and aesthetic elements of film noir -- stylistic films made popular in the 1940s and 1950s that share similar visual styles and themes , including crime and moral ambiguity -- along with drawing inspiration from real-life crimes for its in-game cases , based upon what was reported by the Los Angeles media in 1947 . The game uses a distinctive colour palette , but in homage to film noir it includes the option to play the game in black and white . Various plot elements reference the major themes of detective and mobster stories such as The Naked City , Chinatown , The Untouchables , The Black Dahlia , and L.A. Confidential . L.A. Noire is notable for using Depth Analysis 's newly developed technology MotionScan , whereby the actors portraying the game 's characters were recorded by 32 surrounding cameras to capture facial expressions from every angle . The technology is central to the game 's interrogation mechanic , as players must use the suspects ' reactions to questioning to judge whether or not they are lying . L.A. Noire was the first video game to be shown at the Tribeca Film Festival . Upon release , the game received wide acclaim for its advances in storytelling and facial animation technology . As of February 2012 , both PC and console versions had shipped nearly 5 million copies combined .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "498eeef496b629057412695de00e6276",
"text": "21 Club The 21 Club , often simply 21 , is an American traditional cuisine restaurant and former prohibition-era speakeasy , located at 21 West 52nd Street in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0abf873a90b8ef80a7ad80aafd53c77",
"text": "Blur 21 Blur 21 is a CD , DVD and vinyl box set encompassing the vast majority of music by Blur . It was released on 30 July 2012 , commemorating the 21st anniversary of the release of Leisure , the band 's first album . The release took place before the band 's performance at Hyde Park as part of the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony . One version of the box-set consists of eighteen CDs , three DVDs , one vinyl 7 '' record ( of the early Seymour track `` Superman '' ) and a hardcover book acting as a complete biography of the band . The CDs contain all seven Blur albums , with the first five remastered , with each album receiving a new second disc of B-side material ; as well as four ` rarities ' discs containing mostly previously unreleased material . The DVDs contain Showtime , The Singles Night and an all-new rarities disc . It is the band 's most retrospective release . Another boxset , Blur 21 Vinyl Edition , was released at the same time , featuring the band 's seven studio albums on heavyweight vinyl , each of the LPs repackaged as a double album except for Leisure , a single album . The vinyl edition does not , however , include any previously unreleased material . As above , the Blur 21 CD/DVD/7 '' single pack contains many previously unreleased recordings , including the long-awaited releases of previously known about songs like `` Pap Pop , '' `` Beached Whale '' and `` Sir Elton John 's Cock . '' Yet some previously released songs by the band have not been listed as featuring on the box set , such as `` Colours , '' a Think Tank outtake released as a fan club single in 2003 . Likewise , some unreleased songs are not featured on the box set , like `` Death Metal , '' a jam session from the 13 sessions in 1998 , and `` For Old Time 's Sake , '' recorded in 1993 for The Sunday Sunday Popular Community Song CD , but left off the EP , due to it possibly being deleted or lost . Additionally , no material from the band 's 1998 live recording and remix album Bustin ' + Dronin ' appears on the box set . Rarities 4 , one of the bonus albums in the box set , features an early mix of `` Under the Westway '' with some differences between it and the 2012 single version . The box set also includes a special code to download all the music content as MP3 , along with all the Blurb magazine issues and extra content with audio commentary and unreleased footage per album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b33f33a8da7eb25ad8645310159a5766",
"text": "The Comedy The Comedy is a 2012 drama film directed and co-written by Rick Alverson , and starring Tim Heidecker . Supporting actors include Eric Wareheim ( Tim and Eric ) , James Murphy ( LCD Soundsystem ) , and Gregg Turkington ( better known as Neil Hamburger ) . The film was premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and screened within such festivals as Maryland Film Festival 2012 . The film was distributed by Tribeca Film and was slated for theatrical release on November 9 , 2012 and nationwide On Demand starting October 24 , 2012 . Despite the title and use of comedians as actors , Sundance festival chief programmer Trevor Groth says that the film is not a comedy , but instead `` a provocation , a critique of a culture based at its core around irony and sarcasm and about ultimately how hollow that is . '' The first ten minutes of the film was purposely leaked onto various torrent websites with an anti-piracy statement at the end of the video . The resulting publicity made the actual film the most pirated independent film of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d155668c869b39ee8be8cf74aa5f690d",
"text": "D12 D12 , an initialism for The Dirty Dozen , is an American hip hop group from Detroit , Michigan . D12 has had chart-topping albums in the United States , United Kingdom , and Australia . D12 was formed in 1996 , and achieved mainstream success after Eminem rose to international fame . The original lineup consisted of the members and their alter egos . This is where Slim Shady came from . D12 released the album Devil 's Night in 2001 and D12 World in 2004 , spawning numerous hits such as `` Fight Music '' , `` Purple Pills '' , `` My Band '' , `` How Come '' and `` Shit on You '' throughout that period . Since 2006 , Eminem 's hiatus and the death of the member Proof resulted in them being less active in subsequent years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087",
"text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410",
"text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9598e8560912dabe471ba3a1e4f67a64",
"text": "Mill Creek Entertainment Mill Creek Entertainment is an American home video company founded in 2002 by Ian Warfield , Robert Zakheim and Scott Moss in Minnetonka , Minnesota . The Mill Creek Entertainment catalog draws from over 12,000 hours of owned and licensed content , including contemporary and classic feature films , as well as television , animations , documentary , special interest , family entertainment and fitness content . The company 's licensing partnerships with major studios include Buena Vista Home Entertainment , Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , NBCUniversal , and Warner Home Video . The company is known for its multi-film DVD collections , which draw heavily ( but not exclusively ) from material in the public domain in the United States . The company also produces its own original documentary programming , including the National Parks Explorer Series , Up from Slavery , Gangster Empire : Rise of the Mob , The Ultimate Civil War Series , America 's Serial Killers , and The Decade You Were Born series . Mill Creek acquired the library of Crown International Pictures from now defunct Navarre Corporation subsidiary BCI Home Entertainment . On April 23 , 2012 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a home video distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment , acquiring the rights to distribute 250 films from the Sony Pictures catalog on DVD and Blu-ray . On August 27 , Mill Creek announced that they had signed a long term distribution deal with Sony Pictures Home Entertainment to distribute an additional 665 films and 54 TV series from the Sony Pictures library .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d3e5ec1cd3f4e7a9b318570c7820b9a",
"text": "Black Reel Awards of 2012 The 2012 Black Reel Awards , which annually recognize and celebrate the achievements of black people in feature , independent and television films , took place in Washington , D.C. on February 9 , 2012 . While the film Pariah had the most nominations with nine , The Help was the big winner taking home six out of the seven awards for which it was nominated . Attack the Block and Shame were also multiple winners , with each winning two awards . Octavia Spencer , Viola Davis and Steve McQueen also won two awards apiece .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0d1fdde990c6f4ea51f25b26d3c3f8b",
"text": "Street King Immortal Street King Immortal is the upcoming sixth studio album by American rapper 50 Cent , set to be released through G-Unit Records , Caroline Records and Capitol Records . Initially reported to be released during the summer of 2011 , the release date of Street King Immortal has since been revised on several occasions . Officially announced release dates of November 13 , 2012 ; February 26 , 2013 ; and August 18 , 2016 have come and gone , with one online music forum , perhaps sardonically , classifying the album as `` Comin Never '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2636249a661d3235a10ac9722f9ffa0e",
"text": "The Fast and the Furious (2001 film) The Fast and the Furious is a 2001 American-German action crime film directed by Rob Cohen , produced by Neal H. Moritz and written by Gary Scott Thompson and David Ayer . It is the first installment in the The Fast and the Furious franchise . The film stars Vin Diesel , Paul Walker , Michelle Rodriguez , Jordana Brewster , Rick Yune , Chad Lindberg , Johnny Strong , and Matt Schulze . The film follows undercover cop Brian O'Conner , who is tasked with stopping a group of unknown hijackers using high-performance racecars to hijack 18-wheelers . Inspiration for the film was sought through a Vibe magazine article titled `` Racer X '' , which detailed the illegal street racing circuit operating within New York City . Filming locations include New York City and New England , with a majority of the film being shot in southern California . The Fast and the Furious was released on June 22 , 2001 , grossing over $ 207 million worldwide from an estimated $ 38 million budget . It was later re-released on June 22 , 2016 , to celebrate its 15th anniversary . It has a 53 % approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes , which called it `` sleek and shiny on the surface '' in its critical consensus . The Fast and the Furious launched a franchise of sequels , starting with 2 Fast 2 Furious in 2003 , followed by The Fast and the Furious : Tokyo Drift in 2006 , Fast & Furious in 2009 , Fast Five in 2011 , Fast & Furious 6 in 2013 , Furious 7 in 2015 , and The Fate of the Furious in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d680beab44ca8c88b047bc7104d55a60",
"text": "Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption . The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate . Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c87dfd54886c4a458a5b53e8c138005b",
"text": "Ultra Dance 13 Ultra Dance 13 is a compilation DJ mix album featuring songs from the dance music genre as well as dance remixes of songs . It is the thirteenth album in the Ultra Dance series . It was released by Ultra Records on February 7 , 2012 . The album peaked at number 157 on the Billboard 200 chart as well as at number 10 on the Top Dance/Electronic Albums chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc431dbb3c3e2428ff32f656635333bb",
"text": "Sparkle (2012 film) Sparkle is a 2012 American musical film directed by Salim Akil and produced by Stage 6 Films , It was released on August 17 , 2012 , by TriStar Pictures . Inspired by The Supremes , Sparkle is a remake of the 1976 film of the same name , which centered on three singing teenage sisters from Harlem who form a girl group in the late 1960s . The remake takes place in Detroit , Michigan in the 1960s during the Motown era . The film stars Jordin Sparks , Derek Luke , Whitney Houston , Mike Epps , Cee Lo Green , Carmen Ejogo , Tika Sumpter , Tamela Mann and Omari Hardwick . Sparkle features songs from the original film written by soul musician Curtis Mayfield as well as new compositions by R&B artist R. Kelly . This film is the debut of R&B / pop singer and American Idol winner Jordin Sparks as an actress . Sparkle also marks Whitney Houston 's fifth and final feature film role before her death on February 11 , 2012 , three months after filming ended . The film is dedicated to her memory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c2e50eab752b5633fa8c57463374d46",
"text": "Forever 21 Forever 21 is an American fast fashion retailer with its headquarters in Los Angeles , California . Forever 21 began as a 900 square foot store in Highland Park , CA in 1984 , and has grown into clothing lines Forever 21 , XXI Forever , Love 21 , and Heritage throughout over 600 stores in the Americas , Asia , the Middle East , and the UK . More than 60 % of its apparel is made in China and the average store size is 38,000 square feet . Forever 21 is known for its trendy offerings and its low pricing . The company sells clothing , accessories , and beauty products for women , men , and girls . The company has been involved in various controversies , ranging from labor practice issues to copyright infraction accusations to religion . The clothing ages from toddler to grownup , for kids and adults . Forever 21 is the 5th largest specialty retailer in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
70b27754cde2631219f38f2e7ad2ba68 | Julie Christie starred in Afterglow. | [
{
"docid": "ac403ca6eae1e21233e6c6ad36abddf4",
"text": "Julie Christie Julie Frances Christie ( born 14 April 1940 ) is an English actress . An icon of the `` swinging London '' era of the 1960s , she has won the Academy , Golden Globe , BAFTA , and Screen Actors Guild Awards , and in 1997 she received the BAFTA Fellowship . Christie 's breakthrough film role was in Billy Liar ( 1963 ) . She came to international attention in 1965 for her performances in Darling , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress , and Doctor Zhivago , the eighth highest-grossing film of all time after adjustment for inflation . In the following years , she starred in Fahrenheit 451 ( 1966 ) , Far from the Madding Crowd ( 1967 ) , Petulia ( 1968 ) , The Go-Between ( 1971 ) , McCabe & Mrs. Miller ( 1971 ) , for which she received her second Oscar nomination , Do n't Look Now ( 1973 ) , Shampoo ( 1975 ) , and Heaven Can Wait ( 1978 ) . From the early 1980s her appearances in mainstream films reduced , though she held roles as Thetis in Wolfgang Petersen 's historical epic Troy and in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban ( both 2004 ) . She has continued to receive significant critical recognition for her work , including Oscar nominations for the independent films Afterglow ( 1997 ) and Away from Her ( 2007 ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7c088180726ca6f42c734c66be53e22b",
"text": "Afterglow (Soulfire Revolution album) Afterglow is the second studio album by Soulfire Revolution . Dream Records released the album on August 21 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1567a3b04fb8f0469d15d034ce3f35a",
"text": "Julie Hébert Julie Hébert ( sometimes credited as Julie Hebert ) is an award-winning writer/director of theater , film and television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cb1b42e0a949eaf2cee3dadcf286880",
"text": "Southern Ontario Gothic Southern Ontario Gothic is a subgenre of the Gothic novel genre and a feature of Canadian literature that comes from Southern Ontario . This region includes Toronto , Southern Ontario 's major industrial cities ( Windsor , London , Hamilton , St. Thomas , Oshawa , St. Catharines ) , and the surrounding countryside . While the genre may also feature other areas of Ontario , Canada , and the world as narrative locales , this region provides the core settings . The term was first used in Graeme Gibson 's Eleven Canadian Novelists ( 1972 ) to recognize an existing tendency to apply aspects of the Gothic novel to writing based in and around Southern Ontario . In an interview with Timothy Findley , Gibson commented that Findley 's novel The Last of the Crazy People shared similarities with the American Southern Gothic genre , to which Findley replied , '' ... sure , it 's Southern Gothic : Southern Ontario Gothic . '' Notable writers of this subgenre include Alice Munro , Margaret Atwood , Robertson Davies , Jane Urquhart , Marian Engel , James Reaney and Barbara Gowdy . Like the Southern Gothic of American writers such as William Faulkner , Flannery O'Connor and Eudora Welty , Southern Ontario Gothic analyzes and critiques social conditions such as race , gender , religion and politics , but in a Southern Ontario context . Southern Ontario Gothic is generally characterized by a stern realism set against the dour small-town Protestant morality stereotypical of the region , and often has underlying themes of moral hypocrisy . Actions and people that act against humanity , logic , and morality all are portrayed unfavourably , and one or more characters may be suffering from some form of mental illness . In a review of Alice Munro 's Dear Life for Quill & Quire , literary critic James Grainger writes that `` Violence , illness , and reputations ruined by a single indiscretion are accepted in Munro 's secretive , repressed communities as a kind of levelling mechanism , rough justice for those who dare to strive for something finer . '' The Gothic novel has traditionally examined the role of evil in the human soul , and has incorporated dark or horrific imagery to create the desired setting . Some ( but not all ) writers of Southern Ontario Gothic use supernatural or magic realist elements ; a few deviate from realism entirely , in the manner of the fantastical gothic novel . Virtually all dwell to a certain extent upon the grotesque . Notable works of the genre include Davies ' Deptford Trilogy , Findley 's Headhunter , Atwood 's Alias Grace and The Blind Assassin , and Munro 's Selected Stories . The genre has been criticised as having `` little or nothing to distinguish it from everyday , garden-variety type realism . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1f7deadfaa275f35ce9b3aaac7d2ac1",
"text": "Déjà Vu (2006 film) Déjà Vu ( stylised onscreen without accents ) is a 2006 American science fiction thriller film directed by Tony Scott , written by Bill Marsilii and Terry Rossio , and produced by Jerry Bruckheimer . The film stars Denzel Washington , Paula Patton , Jim Caviezel , Val Kilmer , Adam Goldberg and Bruce Greenwood . It involves an ATF agent who travels back in time in attempts to prevent a domestic terrorist attack that takes place in New Orleans and to save a woman with whom he falls in love . Filming took place in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina . The film was premiered in New York City on November 20 , 2006 , and released widely in the United States and Canada two days later on November 22 , 2006 . It received mixed reviews from critics , and earning $ 64 million in the United States and $ 180 million worldwide . It was the 23rd most successful film worldwide for 2006 . The film was nominated for five awards , and also won the Golden Reel Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d7bd9f9bdac2af58d43937630af0fbd",
"text": "Julie Ann Emery Julie Ann Emery ( born January 16 , 1975 ) is an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbd085b00e542b3296699bb7afb519c5",
"text": "Death on the Nile (2004 film) Death on the Nile is a 2004 British television film , part of the ITV Agatha Christie 's Poirot series , based on the mystery novel Death on the Nile by Agatha Christie . The film was shot almost entirely on location in Egypt .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41a050af2f1927bc0fced957173ef2d5",
"text": "John and Julie John and Julie ( 1955 ) is a British comedy film , featuring Peter Sellers and Sid James in early screen roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c87df78df4d70b27af3959ce4bf11ec",
"text": "A Kiss Before Dying (1956 film) A Kiss Before Dying is a 1956 American color film noir , directed by Gerd Oswald in his directorial debut . The screenplay was written by Lawrence Roman , based on Ira Levin 's 1953 novel of the same name , which won the 1954 Edgar Award for `` Best First Novel . '' The drama stars Robert Wagner , Jeffrey Hunter , Virginia Leith , Joanne Woodward , and Mary Astor . It was remade in 1991 under the same title . Wagner plays a charming , intelligent man who will stop at nothing to get his life where he wants it to go . His problem is a pregnant woman -- played by Joanne Woodward in one of her first film roles -- who loves him . The solution involves desperate measures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b80943e6b2bef01c2b88bec31dbf6ab7",
"text": "Sleeping Murder Sleeping Murder : Miss Marple 's Last Case is a work of detective fiction by Agatha Christie and first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club in October 1976 and in the US by Dodd , Mead and Company later in the same year . The UK edition retailed for # 3.50 and the US edition for $ 7.95 . The book features Miss Marple . It was the last Christie novel , published posthumously , although not the last one Christie wrote featuring Miss Marple . The story is set in the 1930s , though written during the Second World War . She aids a young couple who choose to uncover events in the wife 's past life , and not let sleeping murder lie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04c06f49302a6dee09c7f5324a366b6b",
"text": "ITV Sunday Night Theatre ITV Sunday Night Theatre , originally titled ITV Saturday Night Theatre , is a UK television anthology series screened on ITV , and produced by London Weekend Television ( LWT ) . Some episodes were produced with Kestrel Productions . Around 200 episodes aired on ITV from 1969-1974 , including productions of the plays Long Day 's Journey into Night by Eugene O'Neill , A Doll 's House by Henrik Ibsen , and Arms and the Man by George Bernard Shaw . Other episodes included adaptions of the works of William Shakespeare , James Joyce , Wilkie Collins , Simon Gray , Sam Shepard , Israel Horovitz , Arthur Miller , August Strindberg , J.B. Priestley , Lanford Wilson , and John Mortimer . Among its directors were Michael Lindsay-Hogg , Anthony Page , Mike Newell , Fielder Cook , Ted Kotcheff , Peter Wood , and Vivian Matalon . The actors involved included Helen Mirren , Laurence Olivier , Sean Connery , Anthony Hopkins , Michael Caine , Paul Scofield , George C. Scott , Laurence Harvey , Ralph Richardson , Diana Rigg , Trevor Howard , Glenda Jackson , Diane Cilento , Alec Guinness , Jane Asher , Martin Sheen , Colleen Dewhurst , Jean Marsh , Shelley Winters , Ian Holm , Richard Chamberlain , Edith Evans , John Gielgud , Shirley Knight , Ian McKellen , George Sanders and Margaret Whiting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "533d879219aecb5a0b0cf9b7e115fba3",
"text": "Premonition (2007 film) Premonition is a 2007 American supernatural thriller film directed by Mennan Yapo and starring Sandra Bullock , Julian McMahon , and Amber Valletta . The film 's plot depicts a housewife named Linda who experiences the days surrounding her husband 's death in a non-chronological order , and how she attempts to save him from his impending doom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87003a47360810806bd7a5e0034449a9",
"text": "Glorious 39 Glorious 39 is a 2009 British war thriller film written and directed by Stephen Poliakoff . Starring Romola Garai , Bill Nighy , Julie Christie , Jeremy Northam , Christopher Lee , David Tennant , Jenny Agutter and Eddie Redmayne . The film was released on 20 November 2009 . On the eve of World War II , as the formidable Keyes family tries to uphold its traditional way of life , daughter Anne ( Garai ) sees her life dramatically unravel when she stumbles upon secret recordings of the pro-appeasement movement .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1576092a8605636de72c560dbdd1e0a",
"text": "Murphy's Law (film) Murphy 's Law is an American 1986 thriller film directed by J. Lee Thompson from a screenplay by Gail Morgan Hickman . It was released by Cannon Films to the United States on April 18 , 1986 . The film stars Charles Bronson and Kathleen Wilhoite in lead roles with a supporting cast that includes Carrie Snodgress , Robert F. Lyons , and Richard Romanus . The movie marks the sixth collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives , 1977 's The White Buffalo , 1980 's Caboblanco , 1983 's 10 to Midnight , and 1984 's The Evil That Men Do ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d12b898d3a6ac29ff11795a7e682d06",
"text": "Morgan Christie Morgan Christie is an Australian film director and music video director , film editor and producer . He is a graduate of the Australian Film Television and Radio School with specialization in Cinematography and Digital Media and alumni of the Berlinale Talent Campus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d1af54a3663a9c1bb4c078d37b1d66d",
"text": "The Secret Life of Words The Secret Life of Words is a 2005 Spanish drama film written and directed by Isabel Coixet and starring Sarah Polley , Tim Robbins , Javier Cámara and Julie Christie . It was released on December 15 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac31278c6141d5bcaa905b55372e9962",
"text": "Witness for the Prosecution (1982 film) Witness for the Prosecution is a 1982 television film version of Agatha Christie 's short story and play , and also a remake of the Billy Wilder film Witness for the Prosecution ( 1957 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84950113a2aa56910a4b33a122b27087",
"text": "The Ever After The Ever After is a 2014 American drama film directed by Mark Webber and starring Teresa Palmer , Rosario Dawson , Melissa Leo and Webber .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd12adeb38acf8d39d363d772e17810c",
"text": "Aftershocks (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.) `` Aftershocks '' is the eleventh episode of the second season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. , based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D. ( Strategic Homeland Intervention , Enforcement and Logistics Division ) , revolving around the character of Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they race to strike back against Hydra after an apparent defeat to the latter , while several characters discover they have gained new abilities following the end of the previous episode . It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe ( MCU ) , sharing continuity with the films of the franchise . The episode was written by Maurissa Tancharoen and Jed Whedon , and directed by Billy Gierhart . Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series , and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen , Brett Dalton , Chloe Bennet , Iain De Caestecker , Elizabeth Henstridge , Nick Blood , and Adrianne Palicki . Palicki was promoted to series regular with this episode , after having a recurring guest role in the first half of the season . The episode also saw the return of Marvel 's `` The Art of ... '' marketing initiative . `` Aftershocks '' originally aired on ABC on March 3 , 2015 , and according to Nielsen Media Research , was watched by 4.48 million viewers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b967ffa532c8dcca28cd962d17b773d4",
"text": "Star Over Bethlehem Star Over Bethlehem is an illustrated book of poetry and short stories on a religious theme by crime writer Agatha Christie . It was published under the name `` Agatha Christie Mallowan '' ( whose only other book to be published under this by-line was the 1946 short autobiography Come , Tell Me How You Live ) . It was published in the UK by Collins on 1 November 1965 in an edition priced at thirteen shillings and sixpence ( 13/6 ) and in the US by Dodd , Mead and Company in an edition retailing at $ 4.95 . The volume contains five poems and six short stories , all on the theme of Christianity . Some of the poems can be taken as comments or epilogues on the short stories ( e.g. Gold , Frankincense and Myrrh refers to the gifts in the stable which The Naughty Donkey in the preceding story attempts to eat ) . Although relatively unknown , this work , when referred to at all , is often stated as being for children ; however the stories it contains are firmly aimed at an adult audience and with adult themes , especially for 1965 . For instance , in the story The Water Bus , Mrs Hargreaves 's cleaner tries to offload her woes to her employer , the main one of which is that her daughter is dying in hospital after an illegal abortion went wrong . Little is known of the reasons for the writing of the contents of this book , however Christie is known to have retained strong religious beliefs throughout her life . She is also said to have been pleased with Collins ' plans for the publication and its illustrations by Elsie Wrigley and pleased at the reception of the book and , for once , requests for it to be autographed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2639440ca43894e96ba7bff6e38c80cc",
"text": "After (novel) After is a young adult novel written by Francine Prose . It was first published in 2003 , and the nearby school shooting is reminiscent of the Columbine High School massacre in 1999 . After a school shooting 50 miles away , the new grief and crisis counselor ( Dr. Willner ) attempts to control the students ' lives , using the recent tragedy as an excuse for increasingly restricting their lives . The school gradually is controlled by the grip of the administration , and students who do not comply with the new rules disappear , never to be seen again . Its plot is reminiscent of Nineteen Eighty-Four by George Orwell . Similarities include the normalization of propaganda and surveillance with the telescreens in 1984 and the TVs on school buses spouting so called educational content that turns out to be blatantly false . These novels also touch on brainwashing , with the nightly emails sent to parents that convince them to send their children away to reform camps from which they never return . In contrast , After takes place during the reforms , showing how they were allowed to happen , while 1984 only shows the aftermath and its inevitability . The ending of After also shows the main character ( Tom Bishop ) escaping his town with his friends and family , a much lighter closing than 1984 . Described in the New York Times Book Review as a `` rich parable '' , this novel questions the line that must be drawn when freedom is more important than safety .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
1f610d98af3bc7bb46cc0e31ca17c760 | Francois de Belleforest wrote. | [
{
"docid": "37d95df6d449b046ff5eab5883b21827",
"text": "François de Belleforest François de Belleforest ( 1530 -- 1 January 1583 ) was a prolific French author , poet and translator of the Renaissance . He was born in Comminges , into a poor family , and his father ( a soldier ) was killed when he was seven . He spent some time in the court of Marguerite of Navarre , traveled to Toulouse and Bordeaux ( where he met George Buchanan ) , and then to Paris where he came into contact with members of the young literary generation , including Pierre de Ronsard , Jean Antoine de Baïf , Jean Dorat , Remy Belleau , Antoine Du Verdier and Odet de Turnèbe . In 1568 he became historiographer to the king . He died in Paris . Belleforest wrote on cosmography , morals , literature and history , and he translated the works of Matteo Bandello , Boccaccio , Antonio de Guevara , Lodovico Guicciardini , Polydore Vergil , Saint Cyprian , Sebastian Münster , Achilles Tatius , Cicero and Demosthenes into French . He is also the author of the first French pastoral novel , La Pyrénée ( or La Pastorale amoureuse ) ( 1571 ) modeled on the Diana of Jorge de Montemayor . His Grandes Annales are a polemic tract against François Hotman . His total output comprises more than 50 volumes . His most successful work was most likely his translation and adaptation of the `` histoires tragiques '' by the Italian Matteo Bandello , which built on the work of Pierre Boaistuau and eventually amounted to seven volumes ( 1564-1582 ) . One of these tales might be the source for Shakespeare 's Hamlet .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "eca888c872d280bd3e82daac612eb852",
"text": "Jean-François de Bastide Jean-François de Bastide ( 15 July 1724 , Marseille -- 4 July 1798 , Milan aged 73 ) was an 18th-century French writer and playwright . The son of a magistrate from Provence , Bastide was a polygraph : he wrote novels ( Histoire d'une religieuse par elle-même , `` Bibliothèque universelle des romans '' , May 1786 , 24 p. in-16 ) , theatre plays , critics , and was also a journalist and a compilator . As a journalist , he published Le Nouveau spectateur ( 1758 -- 60 ) , Le Monde tel qu'il est ( 1760 -- 61 ) , Journal de Bruxelles ou le Penseur ( 1766 -- 67 ) , etc. . He also directed the `` Bibliothèque universelle des romans '' from 1779 to 1789 . As a playwright , he composed : 1749 : Le Désenchantement inespéré 1762 : L'Épreuve de la probité 1763 : Les Caractères de la musique 1763 : Les Deux talents , opéra comique presented at Comédie Italienne 11 August ( music by chevalier d'Herbain ) 1764 : Le Jeune homme , comedy presented in Bordeaux 1766 : Les Amants opposés , comedy presented in The Hague 11 March La Majorité , comedy presented the same day in the same theatre 1766 : Le Soldat par amour , opéra comique presented in Brussel , at Théâtre de la Monnaie , 4 November ( music by Pierre Van Maldere and Ignaz Vitzthumb ) Gésoncourt et Clémentine , tragedy presented the same day in the same theatre . La Petite-Maison , published in Contes de M. de Bastide , Paris , L. Cellot , 1763 , II , 1 , p. 47-88",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0582437ed458a4a7b8b06c660cbde93",
"text": "French colonial empire The French colonial empire constituted the overseas colonies , protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward . A distinction is generally made between the `` first colonial empire '' , that existed until 1814 , by which time most of it had been lost , and the `` second colonial empire '' , which began with the conquest of Algiers in 1830 . The second empire came to an end after the loss of bitter wars in Vietnam ( 1955 ) and Algeria ( 1962 ) , and peaceful decolonization elsewhere after 1960 . Competing with Spain , Portugal , the United Provinces , and later Britain , France began to establish colonies in North America , the Caribbean , and India in the 17th century . A series of wars with Great Britain and other European major powers during the 18th century and early 19th century resulted in France losing nearly all of its conquests . France rebuilt a new empire mostly after 1850 , concentrating chiefly in Africa , as well as Indochina and the South Pacific . Republicans , at first hostile to empire , only became supportive when Germany started to build her own colonial empire . As it developed the new empire took on roles of trade with France , especially supplying raw materials and purchasing manufactured items , as well as lending prestige to the motherland and spreading French civilization and language , and the Catholic religion . It also provided manpower in the World Wars . It became a moral mission to lift the world up to French standards by bringing Christianity and French culture . In 1884 the leading proponent of colonialism , Jules Ferry declared ; `` The higher races have a right over the lower races , they have a duty to civilize the inferior races . '' Full citizenship rights -- assimilation -- were offered , although in reality `` assimilation was always receding -LSB- and -RSB- the colonial populations treated like subjects not citizens . '' France sent small numbers of settlers to its empire , contrary to Great Britain , and previously Spain and Portugal , with the only notable exception of Algeria , where the French settlers nonetheless always remained a small minority . At its apex , it was one of the largest empires in history . Including metropolitan France , the total amount of land under French sovereignty reached 11500000 km2 in 1920 , with a population of 110 million people in 1939 . In World War II , Charles de Gaulle and the Free French used the overseas colonies as bases from which they fought to liberate France . Historian Tony Chafer argues : `` In an effort to restore its world-power status after the humiliation of defeat and occupation , France was eager to maintain its overseas empire at the end of the Second World War . '' However , after 1945 anti-colonial movements began to challenge European authority . The French constitution of October 27 , 1946 ( Fourth Republic ) , established the French Union which endured until 1958 . Newer remnants of the colonial empire were integrated into France as overseas departments and territories within the French Republic . These now total altogether 119,394 km ² ( 46,098 sq. miles ) , which amounts to only 1 % of the pre-1939 French colonial empire 's area , with 2.7 million people living in them in 2013 . By the 1970s , says Robert Aldrich , the last `` vestiges of empire held little interest for the French . '' He argues , `` Except for the traumatic decolonization of Algeria , however , what is remarkable is how few long-lasting effects on France the giving up of empire entailed . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753967f04e3a3d538afa3296873f8159",
"text": "Charles Frédéric Dubois Charles Frédéric Dubois ( 28 May 1804 -- 12 November 1867 ) was a Belgian naturalist . He was the author of Planches colorées des oiseaux de l'Europe ( `` Color plates of the birds of Europe '' ) and Catalogue systématique des Lépidoptères de la Belgique ( `` Systematic catalog of the Lepidoptera of Belgium '' ) , which was completed by his son , Alphonse Joseph Charles Dubois ( 1839 -- 1921 ) , after his death . The following quote has been widely attributed to Charles Dubois , as on the Favorite Quotes blog : `` The important thing is this : to be able at any moment to sacrifice what we are for what we could become . '' However , its correct attribution appears to be to Charles Du Bos ( 1882-1939 ) , the French critic of French and English literature . The quote comes from his book Approximations ( 1922 ) : '' ... premier tressaillement vital ; surtout il s ` agit à tout moment de sacrifier ce que nous sommes à ce que nous pouvons devenir . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99aaaf2431f35e518db9a1da6cde56ad",
"text": "Martin le Franc Martin le Franc ( c. 1410 -- 1461 ) was a French poet of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance . He was born in Normandy , and studied in Paris . He entered clerical orders , becoming an apostolic prothonotary , and later becoming secretary to both Antipope Felix V and Pope Nicholas V. He was named provost at Lausanne in 1443 , became canon of the Church of Geneva in 1447 . In 1451 he was employed by the Duke of Savoy , and he became administrator of the abbey of Novalèse in 1459 . Le Franc 's most famous work was his huge , 24,000-verse composition Le Champion des Dames ( The Champion of Women ) , dedicated to Philip the Good and dating from 1440 or 1442 ( first printed in Lyon in 1485 and again in Paris in 1530 ) . It recounts the nobility and deeds of many women throughout history , including Joan of Arc , and also fiercely attacks corruption in government as well as the hedonistic luxury of the aristocratic class . It was illuminated by Peronet Lamy . Martin le Franc is famous in music history for penning the phrase `` la contenance angloise '' , the English countenance , a much-debated phrase referring to a characteristically English sound found in the music of composers such as John Dunstaple . The `` countenance '' -- probably consonant , sweet intervals ( 3rds and 6ths ) which were predominant in the music of contemporary English composers -- was massively influential on the music of the Burgundian School during the period that Burgundy was allied with England . Another long poem by Le Franc is L'Estrif de Fortune et Vertu ( 1447-1448 ) , which was also moralistic and didactic , presenting a debate between Fortune and Virtue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c6e8f90a9f124eace14cd6ae6950950",
"text": "Louis Marie Fontan Louis Marie Fontan ( November 4 , 1801 -- October 10 , 1839 ) , a French man of letters , was born in Lorient and died in Thiais . He began his career as a clerk in a government office , but was dismissed for taking part in a political banquet . At the age of nineteen he went to Paris and began to contribute to the Tablettes and the Album . He was brought to trial for political articles written for the latter paper , but defended himself so energetically that he secured indefinite postponement of his trial . The offending paper was suppressed for a time , and Fontan produced a collection of political poems , Odes et epîtres , and a number of plays , of which Perkins Warbec ( 1828 ) , written in collaboration with MM . Halévy and Drouineau , was the most successful . In 1828 the Album was revived , and in it Fontan published a virulent but witty attack on Charles X , entitled Le Mouton enrage ( June 10 , 1829 ) . To escape the inevitable prosecution Fontan fled over the frontier , but , finding no safe asylum , he returned to Paris to give himself up to the authorities , and was sentenced to five years ' imprisonment and a heavy fine . He was liberated by the revolution of 1830 , and his Jeanne la folle , performed in the same year , gained a success due perhaps more to sympathy with the author 's political principles than to the merits of the piece itself , a somewhat crude and violent picture of Breton history . A drama representing the trial of Marshal Ney , which he wrote in collaboration with Charles Dupeuty , Le Proces d'un maréchal de France ( printed 1831 ) , was suppressed on the night of its production . Fontan died in Thiais on 10 October 1839 . A sympathetic portrait of Fontan as a prisoner , and an analysis of his principal works , are to be found in Jules Janin 's Histoire de la littérature dramatique , vol . i and also in Eugène Briffault 's biographical portrait `` Fontan '' in the collection Nouvelles parisiennes ( 1843 ) . Category :19 th-century French dramatists and playwrights Category :19 th-century male writers Category : People from Lorient Category :1801 births Category :1839 deaths",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b135143641dd338439675fb93d1209f5",
"text": "François Villon François Villon ( pronounced -LSB- fʁɑ̃swa vijɔ̃ -RSB- in modern French ; in fifteenth-century French , -LSB- -LSB- frɑnswɛ vilɔn -RSB- -RSB- ) , born in Paris in 1431 and disappeared from view in 1463 , is the best known French poet of the late Middle Ages . A ne'er - do-well who was involved in criminal behavior and had multiple encounters with law enforcement authorities , Villon wrote about some of these experiences in his poems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83c3ce691d0445fbe8e5eca4adb6f738",
"text": "Louis L'Amour Louis Dearborn L'Amour ( -LSB- ˈluːi_ləˈmʊr -RSB- 22 March 1908 -- 10 June 1988 ) was an American novelist and short story writer . His books consisted primarily of Western novels ( though he called his work ` frontier stories ' ) ; however , he also wrote historical fiction ( The Walking Drum ) , science fiction ( The Haunted Mesa ) , non-fiction ( Frontier ) , as well as poetry and short-story collections . Many of his stories were made into films and John Wayne once made the dubious assertion that L'Amour was the most interesting man in the world . L'Amour 's books remain popular and most have gone through multiple printings . At the time of his death almost all of his 105 existing works ( 89 novels , 14 short-story collections , and two full-length works of nonfiction ) were still in print , and he was considered `` one of the world 's most popular writers '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8e58d8198290beb96a7242cc174a7ed",
"text": "Charles Simon Favart Charles Simon Favart ( 13 November 1710 -- 12 May 1792 ) was a French playwright . Born in Paris , the son of a pastry-cook , he was educated at the college of Louis-le-Grand , and after his father 's death he carried on the business for a time . His first success in literature was La France delivrée par la Pucelle d'Orléans , a poem about Joan of Arc which obtained a prize of the Académie des Jeux Floraux . After the production of his first vaudeville , Les Deux Jumelles ( 1734 ) , circumstances enabled him to relinquish business and devote himself entirely to the drama . He provided many pieces anonymously for the lesser theatres , and first put his name to La Chercheuse d'esprit , which was produced in 1741 . Among his most successful works were Annette et Lubin , Le Coq du milage ( 1743 ) , Ninette à la cour ( 1753 ) , Les Trois Sultanes ( 1761 ) and L'Anglais de Bordeaux ( 1763 ) . Favart became director of the Opéra-Comique , and in 1745 married Marie Justine Benoîte Duronceray , a beautiful young dancer , singer and actress , who as `` Mlle Chantilly '' had made a successful début the year before . By their united talents and labours , the Opéra-Comique rose to such a height of success that it aroused the jealousy of the rival Comédie-Française and was suppressed . Favart , left thus without resources , accepted the proposal of Maurice , comte de Saxe , and became director of a troupe of comedians which was to accompany Maurice 's army into Flanders . It was part of his duty to compose from time to time impromptu verses on the events of the campaign , amusing and stimulating the spirits of the men . So popular were Favart and his troupe that the enemy became desirous of hearing his company and sharing his services , and permission was given to gratify them , battles and comedies thus curiously alternating with each other . The marshal , an admirer of Mme Favart , began to pay her unwanted attentions . To escape him she went to Paris , and the wrath of Saxe fell upon the husband . A lettre de cachet was issued against him , but he fled to Strasbourg and found concealment in a cellar . Favart survived his wife by twenty years . After the marshal 's death in 1750 he returned to Paris and resumed his pursuits as a dramatist . It was at this time that he became friendly with the abbé de Voisenon , who helped him with his work , to what extent is uncertain . He had grown nearly blind in his last days , and died in Paris . His plays have been republished in various editions and selections ( 1763-1772 , 12 vols. ; 1810 , 3 vols. ; 1813 ; 1853 ) . His correspondence ( 1759-1763 ) with Count Durazzo , director of theatres at Vienna , was published in 1808 as Mémoires et correspondance littéraire , dramatique et anecdotique de CS Favart . It furnishes valuable information on the state of the literary and theatrical worlds in the 18th century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c024d3a438a2e5fc0de97d7a4433d5ca",
"text": "Christine de Pizan Christine de Pizan ( also seen as de Pisan ; -LSB- kʁistin də pizɑ̃ -RSB- ; 1364 -- c. 1430 ) was an Italian French late medieval author . She served as a court writer for several dukes ( Louis of Orleans , Philip the Bold of Burgundy , and John the Fearless of Burgundy ) and the French royal court during the reign of Charles VI . She wrote both poetry and prose works such as biographies and books containing practical advice for women . She completed forty-one works during her 30-year career from 1399 to 1429 . She married in 1380 at the age of 15 , and was widowed 10 years later . Much of the impetus for her writing came from her need to earn a living to support her mother , a niece and her two surviving children . She spent most of her childhood and all of her adult life in Paris and then the abbey at Poissy , and wrote entirely in her adopted language , Middle French . Her early courtly poetry is marked by her knowledge of aristocratic custom and fashion of the day , particularly involving women and the practice of chivalry . Her early and later allegorical and didactic treatises reflect both autobiographical information about her life and views and also her own individualized and humanist approach to the scholastic learned tradition of mythology , legend , and history she inherited from clerical scholars and to the genres and courtly or scholastic subjects of contemporary French and Italian poets she admired . Supported and encouraged by important royal French and English patrons , she influenced 15th-century English poetry . Her success stems from a wide range of innovative writing and rhetorical techniques that critically challenged renowned writers such as Jean de Meun , author of the Romance of the Rose , which she criticized as immoral . In recent decades , Christine de Pizan 's work has been returned to prominence by the efforts of scholars such as Charity Cannon Willard , Earl Jeffrey Richards and Simone de Beauvoir . Certain scholars have argued that she should be seen as an early feminist who efficiently used language to convey that women could play an important role within society . This characterization has been challenged by other critics , who say that it is either an anachronistic use of the word or a misinterpretation of her writing and intentions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd6c57df2cc565094150cfaf7de740e6",
"text": "Octave Crémazie Octave Crémazie ( April 16 , 1827 -- January 16 , 1879 ) was a French Canadian poet and bookseller born in Quebec City . Recognized both during and after his lifetime for his patriotic verse and his significant role in the cultural development of Quebec , Crémazie has been called `` the father of French Canadian poetry . '' Octave was the youngest of the four surviving children of Jacques Crémazie and Marie-Anne Miville . From 1836 to 1844 , he was a student at the Seminary of Quebec , where the priest John Holmes ( American priest ) introduced him to the works of the French Romantic writers . Alfred de Musset , Alphonse de Lamartine , and Victor Hugo , in particular , had a profound influence on the future poet . After finishing his studies at the Seminary of Quebec , Crémazie went into business with his brother Joseph , a bookseller . Their shop in Quebec City , the J. et O. Crémazie bookstore , was instrumental in the North American dissemination of works by many Romantic writers . It was also a meeting place for the members of what would become known as Quebec 's literary movement of 1860 . While still in his early twenties , Crémazie helped found the Institut canadien , an organization devoted to the promotion of French Canadian culture . He would later serve as the organization 's president ( from 1857 to 1858 ) . Crémazie 's first published poems appeared in L'Ami de la religion et de la patrie ( edited by his brother Jacques ) and other Quebec City newspapers . Recognition for his poetry grew throughout the 1850s . As French-Canadian literature scholar Odette Condemine writes : His nostalgic evocation of the happiness that preceded the Conquest and the miseries that followed roused his compatriots ' fervour . `` Le vieux soldat canadien '' ( 1855 ) and Le Drapeau de Carillon ( 1858 ) were enthusiastically received and won Crémazie his title as `` national bard . '' The longing for a glorious , vanished past and the sense of estrangement from France in Crémazie 's work has prompted the critic Gilles Marcotte to describe it as a poetry of exile . Despite the popularity of his bookstore , Octave Crémazie 's extravagant taste for foreign commodities led to large debts and trouble with creditors . By 1862 , his financial situation had become so dire that he fled to France in secret , leaving the bookstore bankrupt . He lived at different times in Paris , Bordeaux , and Le Havre under the name of Jules Fontaine , poor and isolated despite having secured a modest job and the support of a few French friends . Crémazie 's poetic production stopped when he left Quebec . The documents that survive from his later years include his Journal du siège de Paris , a diary detailing the hardship that Parisians and Crémazie himself endured during the siege of the capital in 1870 and 1871 . Many of his letters to close friends and family members also survive , including his correspondence with the priest Raymond Casgrain , to whom Crémazie often expressed his ideas about literature . Octave Crémazie died in Le Havre on January 16 , 1879 . Œuvres complètes , a volume of Crémazie 's poems and letters edited by Raymond Casgrain , was published in 1882 by the Beauchemin bookstore in Montreal and the Institut canadien de Québec . The book included the following remarks : `` In a word , the publishers wanted this book to stand as the most enduring monument that could be raised to the memory of the most patriotic , and indeed the most hapless , of our poets . '' A statue depicting a French Canadian soldier stands in Montreal 's Saint-Louis Square ( Rue de Malines and Saint-Denis ) with Crémazie 's name across the top and the years 1827-1879 ( his years of birth and death ) . Underneath the soldier are the words : Pour mon drapeau je viens ici mourir ( literally : `` For my flag I come here to die '' ) . There is also a Montreal metro station named for him on the orange line , located on the boulevard likewise named in his honour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a00b486d8f9d6b3ab067aebf2687e35",
"text": "Gil Blas (periodical) Gil Blas ( or Le Gil Blas ) was a Parisian literary periodical named for Alain-René Lesage 's novel Gil Blas . It was founded by the sculptor Augustin-Alexandre Dumont in November 1879 . Gil Blas serialized famous novels such as Émile Zola 's Germinal ( 1884 ) and L'Œuvre ( 1885 ) before they appeared in book form . Guy de Maupassant regularly published short stories in Gil Blas . The journal was also known for its opinionated arts and theatre criticism . Contributors included René Blum , Alexandru Bogdan-Pitești , and Abel Hermant . Théophile Steinlen and Albert Guillaume provided illustrations . Gil Blas was published regularly until 1914 , when it went on a short hiatus due to the outbreak of World War I. Afterwards , it was published intermittently until 1938 . In addition to Germinal , Gil Blas serialized the Zola novels L'Argent , Au Bonheur des Dames , and La Joie de vivre . Guy de Maupassant stories which debuted in Gil Blas include '' À vendre , '' `` Imprudence , '' `` L'Inconnue , '' `` La Bête à Maît ' Belhomme , '' `` La Confidence , '' `` La Baptême , '' `` Tribunaux Rustiques '' and perhaps most famously `` Le Horla '' . Gil Blas critic Louis Vauxcelles 's phrase `` Donatello chez les fauves ! '' ( `` Donatello among the wild beasts '' ) brought notoriety and attention to the works of Henri Matisse and Les Fauves exhibited at the Salon d'Automne of 1905 . Vauxcelles ' comment was printed on 17 October 1905 and passed into popular usage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa643cbc5903ce20e90f52d7b779245e",
"text": "Essay of Dramatick Poesie Essay of Dramatic Poesy by John Dryden was published in 1668 . It was probably written during the plague year of 1666 . Dryden takes up the subject that Philip Sidney had set forth in his Defence of Poesie ( 1580 ) and attempts to justify drama as a legitimate form of `` poetry '' comparable to the epic , as well as defend English drama against that of the ancients and the French . The treatise is a dialogue between four speakers : Eugenius , Crites , Lisideius , and Neander . The four speakers represented , respectively Charles Sackville ( Lord Buchhurst and later sixth Earl of Dorset ) , Sir Robert Howard -LSB- playwright and Dryden 's brother-in-law -RSB- , Sir Charles Sedley ( Edward Malone identified him as Lisideius ) and Dryden himself ( neander means `` new man '' and implies that Dryden , as a respected member of the gentry class , is entitled to join in this dialogue on an equal footing with the three older men who are his social superiors ) . On the day that the English fleet encounters the Dutch at sea near the mouth of the Thames , the four friends take a barge downriver towards the noise from the battle . Rightly concluding , as the noise subsides , that the English have triumphed , they order the bargeman to row them back upriver as they begin a dialogue on the advances made by modern civilization . They agree to measure progress by comparing ancient arts with modern , focusing specifically on the art of drama ( or `` dramatic poesy '' ) . The four men debate a series of three topics : ( 1 ) the relative merit of classical drama ( upheld by Crites ) vs. modern drama ( championed by Eugenius ) ; ( 2 ) whether French drama , as Lisideius maintains , is better than English drama ( supported by Neander , who famously calls Shakespeare `` the greatest soul , ancient or modern '' ) ; and ( 3 ) whether plays in rhyme are an improvement upon blank verse drama -- a proposition that Neander , despite having defended the Elizabethans , now advances against the skeptical Crites ( who also switches from his original position and defends the blank verse tradition of Elizabethan drama ) . Invoking the so-called unities from Aristotle 's Poetics ( as interpreted by Italian and refined by French scholars over the last century ) , the four speakers discuss what makes a play `` a just and lively imitation '' of human nature in action . This definition of a play , supplied by Lisideius/Orrery ( whose rhymed plays had dazzled the court and were a model for the new drama ) , gives the debaters a versatile and richly ambiguous touchstone . To Crites ' argument that the plots of classical drama are more `` just , '' Eugenius can retort that modern plots are more `` lively '' thanks to their variety . Lisideius shows that the French plots carefully preserve Aristotle 's unities of action , place , and time ; Neander replies that English dramatists like Ben Jonson also kept the unities when they wanted to , but that they preferred to develop character and motive . Even Neander 's final argument with Crites over whether rhyme is suitable in drama depends on Aristotle 's Poetics : Neander says that Aristotle demands a verbally artful ( `` lively '' ) imitation of nature , while Crites thinks that dramatic imitation ceases to be `` just '' when it departs from ordinary speech -- i.e. prose or blank verse . A year later , the two brothers-in-law quarreled publicly over this third topic . See Dryden 's `` Defense of An Essay of Dramatic Poesy '' ( 1669 ) , where Dryden tries to persuade the rather literal-minded Howard that audiences expect a play to be an imitation of nature , not a surrogate for nature itself .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e832e8f2faf0b9d103ef3bc7bac8edd",
"text": "Gustave de Romand Gustave , baron de Romand , ( 18 -- - 18 -- ) was a respected amateur French entomologist , a member of the Société entomologique de France . who was prominent in the political arena . He contributed on September 4 , 1837 , a `` Description of the male Epomidiopteron Julii . '' to the Royal Entomological Society of London , but his modest place in the history of entomology is secured by his Tableau de l'aile supérieure des Hyménoptêres ( privately printed in Paris , 1838 ) . In a hand-colored lithograph it presented 28 kinds of Hymenopteran upper wings , their homologous features differently tinted , so that by comparing them the viewer could establish to which family an individual specimen belonged . In an accompanying printed 14-column table , the terms used by previous entomologists to describe Hymnopteran wings are tabulated.are presented for comparison . The Australian paper wasp Ropalidia romandi was named by Élie Jean François Le Guillou to honour him in 1841 . M. de Roland was more widely known among his contemporaries as a conservative politician , author of the political essay De l'État des partis en France ( 1839 ) , and of an essay on the dictatorial political strength of radical , socialist Paris over the provinces ( De la dictature de Paris sur la France ) in the year of revolution , 1848 . The crisis of 1848 elicited from him several other pamphlets . He was a member of the Corps législatif under the Second Empire ( 1852-1870 ) . He published his Souvenirs politiques et administratifs in 1855 . His father , aide-de-camp of the prince de Polignac and a staunch royalist during the Hundred Days was ennobled by Louis XVIII at the second Bourbon restoration , 1815 , and was made a member of the Legion of Honor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e3be893ce156dd40d2dbce75a3d296f",
"text": "Conseil du Roi The Conseil du Roi ( -LSB- kɔ̃sɛj dy ʁwa -RSB- ; French for `` The King 's Council '' ) , also known as the is a general term for the administrative and governmental apparatus around the king of France during the Ancien Régime designed to prepare his decisions and give him advice . It should not be confused with the role and title of a `` Conseil du Roi '' , a type of public prosecutor in the French legal system at the same period . One of the established principles of the French monarchy was that the king could not act without the advice of his council . Under Charles V , it was put forward that the king made decisions only after `` good and careful deliberation '' ( bonne et mûre délibération ) , and this principle was maintained by his successors ; the closing formula of royal acts `` le roi en son conseil '' expressed this deliberative aspect . Even during the period of French absolutism , the expression `` car tel est notre bon plaisir '' ( `` because such is our pleasure '' ) applied to royal decisions made with consultation . The administration of the French state in the early modern period went through a long evolution , as a truly administrative apparatus -- relying on old nobility , newer chancellor nobility ( `` noblesse de robe '' ) and administrative professionals -- substituted the feudal clientel system . The exact divisions and names of these councils varied over time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476",
"text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f84b311f2c643bc3da87f52ab045f0ac",
"text": "Sibylle Riqueti de Mirabeau Sibylle Aimée Marie-Antoinette Gabrielle de Riquetti de Mirabeau , Comtesse de Martel de Janville ( 16 August 1849 -- 28 June 1932 ) was a French writer who wrote under the pseudonym Gyp . She was born at the château de Coëtsal near Plumergat , in the département of the Morbihan , in Brittany , her father , Joseph-Arundel de Riquetti , comte de Mirabeau , 1820 -- 1860 , being the great-grandson of Victor de Riquetti , marquis de Mirabeau ( Mirabeau Père ) , noted 18th-century economist , and grandnephew of Honoré Mirabeau the celebrated revolutionary orator . In view of her later opinions , it is interesting to remember that Sibylle was actually descended from Octave Mirabeau 's royalist younger brother , André-Boniface-Louis de Riquetti , vicomte de Mirabeau , ( 1754 -- 1792 ) known as Mirabeau-Tonneau because of his notorious embonpoint , who famously broke his sword in front of France 's Revolutionary Assembly ( where he represented the nobility of the Limousin ) while bitterly crying out : `` now that The King is giving up his kingdom , a nobleman no longer needs a sword to fight for him ! '' Although , in her memoires , `` Gyp '' stated that she had been born on August 15 , which happens to have been Napoleon Bonaparte 's birthday , her birth certificate reads `` morning of August 16 , 1849 '' , according to her biographer , W. Z. Silvermann . At her father 's request , the name on her birth certificate was revised to read `` Sibylle Aimée Marie Antoinette Gabrielle '' . Sibylle 's mother , the comtesse de Mirabeau , née de Gonneville ( 1827 -- 1903 ) was also a writer , who contributed to Le Figaro . In 1869 , Sibylle married count Roger de Martel de Janville , by whom she had three children . Gyp wrote humorous sketches and novels which brazenly denounced her own fashionable society as well as the French republic 's political class . She hated republicanism , populist democracy , and party shenanigans ; supported Boulanger ; and was a fanatical anti-Semite & anti-Dreyfusard ; in fact , while testifying at a court case in 1899 she gave her profession as `` anti-Semite '' rather than `` writer '' . She began with some articles in La Vie parisienne in February 1877 , then in La Revue des Deux Mondes . Starting in 1880 , she began to publish in book form , under the pseudonym of Gyp , a total of more than 120 works , many highly successful : Petit Bob , ( 1882 ) , Les Chasseurs , Un trio turbulent , Autour du mariage ( 1883 ) , Ce que femme veut ( 1883 ) , Sans voiles ( 1885 ) , Autour du divorce ( 1886 ) , Dans le train ( 1886 ) , Mademoiselle Loulou ( 1888 ) , Bob au salon ( 1889 ) , L'éducation d'un prince ( 1890 ) , Passionette ( 1891 ) , Oh ! la grande vie ( 1891 ) , Une Election à Tigre-sur-mer ( 1890 ) , based on Gyp 's experience supporting a boulangiste candidate , Marriage civil ( 1892 ) , Ces bons docteurs ( 1892 ) De haut en bas ( 1893 ) , Le Mariage de Chiffon ( 1894 ) , Leurs âmes ( 1895 ) , Le Cœur d'Ariane ( 1895 ) , Le Bonheur de Ginette ( 1896 ) , Totote ( 1897 ) , Lune de miel ( 1898 ) , Israel ( 1898 ) , L'Entrevue ( 1899 ) , Le Pays des champs ( 1900 ) , Trop de chic ( 1900 ) , Le Friquet ( 1901 ) , La Fée ( 1902 ) , Un Mariage chic ( 1903 ) , Un Ménage dernier cri ( 1903 ) , Maman ( 1904 ) , Le Cœur de Pierrette ( 1905 ) , Les Flanchards ( 1917 ) , Souvenirs d'une petite fille ( 1927 -- 1928 ) , etc. . Her best-known work is probably Le Mariage de Chiffon , filmed in 1942 by Claude Autant-Lara . Because of her unpopular opinions , the comtesse was the victim of several attempts on her life as well as of a sensational kidnapping . Gyp , self-styled `` last of the Mirabeaus '' , died at Neuilly-sur-Seine on 28 June 1932 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8390795b8ecf4ce30cbb862e3a4a2b42",
"text": "Louis Havet Pierre Antoine Louis Havet ( -LSB- avɛ -RSB- ; 6 January 1849 , Paris -- 26 January 1925 , Paris ) was a French Latinist and Hellenist , an expert on classical Greek and Latin poetry . He was the son of Ernest Havet . He was professor at Collège de France , where in 1885-1925 he was chairman of the department of Latin philology . Since 1893 he was member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres . In 1917 he became the first vice-president of the Association Guillaume Budé . He was member of the central committee of the Ligue des droits de l'homme ( `` Human Rightl League '' ) , which defended Alfred Dreyfus in the Dreyfus affair .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7aedfb8973adf7ef592ccb117f419782",
"text": "Françoise de Graffigny Françoise de Graffigny , née d'Issembourg Du Buisson d'Happoncourt ( 11 February 1695 - 12 December 1758 ) , was a French novelist , playwright and salon hostess . Initially famous as the author of Lettres d'une Péruvienne , a novel published in 1747 , she became the world 's best-known living woman writer after the success of her sentimental comedy , Cénie , in 1750 . Her reputation as a dramatist suffered when her second play at the Comédie-Française , La Fille d'Aristide , was a flop in 1758 , and even her novel fell out of favor after 1830 . From then until the last third of the twentieth century , she was almost forgotten , but thanks to new scholarship and the interest in women writers generated by the feminist movement , Françoise de Graffigny is now regarded as one of the major French writers of the eighteenth century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e95d44b98c0ddcae7a107e36541bcb50",
"text": "François de La Rochefoucauld François de La Rochefoucauld may refer to : François de La Rochefoucauld ( writer ) ( 1613 -- 1680 ) , French author François de La Rochefoucauld ( cardinal ) ( 1558 -- 1645 ) , French cardinal of the Catholic Church François de La Rochefoucauld , marquis de Montendre ( 1672 -- 1739 ) , Field Marshal of the British Army François Alexandre Frédéric de La Rochefoucauld , Duke of La Rochefoucauld ( 1747 -- 1827 ) , French social reformer François , duc de La Rochefoucauld ( 1765 -- 1848 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75bc616d61f016a21c21c97d77e159ac",
"text": "Marchand-mercier A marchand-mercier is a French term for a type of entrepreneur working outside the guild system of craftsmen but carefully constrained by the regulations of a corporation under rules codified in 1613 . The reduplicative term literally means a merchant of merchandise , but in the 18th century took the connotation of a merchant of objets d'art . Earliest references to this Corps de la Ville de Paris can be found at the close of the 16th century , but in the 18th century marchands-merciers were shopkeepers but they also played an important role in the decoration of Paris homes . In fact , they served as general contractors , designing and commissioning pieces of the most fashionable furniture , and often , in addition , worked outside of their shops as interior decorators , responsible for many aspects of a room 's decor . In Paris , the guild system , in place since the late Middle Ages , prohibited craftsmen from working with any material with which they had not undergone a formal apprenticeship . Only a marchand-mercier who worked outside of the guild system , therefore , could mount Chinese porcelains with gilt-bronze handles and stands , fit the cabinetmaker 's furniture with Japanese lacquer or Sèvres porcelain plaques , and supply furniture with opulent gilt-bronze ( or ormolu ) mounts . The general lines permitted to their métier were set out under Charles IX , in 1570 , as : `` Wholesale merchants , drapers and jewelers , in such way that under this status of wholesaler ( estat de grossier ) have been included at all times the merchants of cloth of gold , of silver , of silk ... tapestries , jewellery , spiced goods , textiles , hammered copper , silk thread , hardware and the like , of which it is not permitted to have any manufacture whatsoever , but only to sell , buy , display , bedeck and beautify all kinds of merchandise '' Thus the marchands-merciers were characterised in the Encyclopédie as `` sellers of everything , makers of nothing '' '' . Jacques Savary des Bruslons elaborated this lapidary remark and revealed the disdain of his generation towards handcrafts : `` This Corporation is considered the noblest and most excellent of all the Corporations of Merchants , all the more because those who compose it do not labour at all and make no handiwork , if it were not to beautify those things that are already made and manufactured '' Though they were confined by law to no narrow specialisation , the Parisian marchands-merciers followed narrow fields -- Savary distinguished twenty -- following the usages of their training and their connections , in highly competitive fields dominated by fashion . Among them a small group of marchands-merciers specialised in works of art , catering to an elite circle of connoisseurs and collectors towards the middle of the 18th century , when a vogue for exoticism expressed itself in chinoiserie . Savary 's Dictionnaire detailed the wares of : `` those who sell pictures , prints , candelabras , wall-lights , girandoles of gilded brass and -LSB- patinated -RSB- bronze , crystal chandeliers , figures of bronze , marble , wood and other material ; cabinets , coffers , armoires , table , little tables , and candlestands put together of wood and gilded , marble tables and other merchandise and curiosities proper for the ornament of lodgings . '' These entrepreneurs helped guide and even create fashions , such as that for Chinese porcelains , mounted in purely French gilt bronze , transforming a vase into a ewer with rococo lip and handle , or reversing one bowl over another , with an open-work gilt-bronze rim , to function as a perfume-burner . Only a marchand-mercier could marshal the resources required to create such objects . Marchands-merciers bought Japanese lacquer screens and boxes , had them dismantled and their wooden backing shaved down , then commissioned ébénistes like Bernard II Vanrisamberg or Joseph Baumhauer to produce furniture veneered with exotic lacquer panels shaped to fit the complex curves of Louis XV surfaces , and perhaps completed with French imitations , or entirely japanned in Vernis Martin , which might imitate Chinese blue and white porcelain decors , such as the blue-on-white ensemble of furniture Hébert delivered in 1743 for Mme de Mailly The influence of the marchands-merciers on French porcelain is also considerable . Lazare Duvaux alone bought three-fifths of the total output of Sèvres in 1757 , representing a total of 165,876 livres . Certain forms in the Sèvres archives carry the names of well-known marchands-merciers in their designations . Membership in the corps was carefully controlled . A new member , born in France , had to undergo an apprenticeship of three years , followed by another three as a compagnon , during which time he was bound to remain unmarried . His master could take on but one apprentice at a time , and the apprenticeships were duly enregistred at the corporation 's offices in rue du Petit-Lion ( rue Quincampoix ) . A sum changed hands , estimated by Guillaume Glorieux as averaging about 1720 500 or 600 livres , and a larger sum was owed to the corporation when the individual was received master ( maîtris ) , some 1700 livres . There were two exceptions to this rule , made for purveyors to the Court -- marchands privilégié suivant le cour -- by decree of the king , and for those who married the daughter of one of the accredited merchants . The Parisian marchands-merciers congregated in rue Saint-Honoré , marking their establishments with catchy and amusing signs ; there could be found the premises of Hébert , Simon-Philippe Poirier -- and later at the same premises at the sign of the Golden Crown his partner Dominique Daguerre and Martin-Eloi Lignereux -- Mme Dulac , Julliot , Lebrun at the King of the Indies and Tuard au château de Bellevue . Nearby , in rue de la Monnaie , the street where the manufacture royale of Sèvres eventually chose to open its porcelain shop , were Darnault , father and son , at the sign of the King of Spain , and Lazare Duvaux . Edme-François Gersaint , for whom Watteau painted L'Enseigne de Gersaint as a shop sign had premises , following an old tradition , in a house on the Pont Notre-Dame . There , he advertised in 1740 , he `` Sells all sorts of new and tasteful hardware ( Cainquaillerie ) , trinkets , mirrors , cabinet pictures , pagods , lacquer and porcelain from Japan , shellwork and other specimens of natural history , stones , agates , and generally all curious and exotic merchandise '' . A newcomer , Granchet , opened premises Au petit Dunkerque , in the Left Bank , Quai Conti at the far end of the Pont Neuf . Among these entrepreneurial dealers and interior decorators at the apex of their profession , towards the middle of the century Hébert achieved the greatest celebrity , appearing in the popular novel Thémidore ( 1745 ) and marrying his daughter to the son of the Dauphine 's first femme de chambre in 1751 , in a contract signed at Versailles .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
e01b0d965d38b5ea5d9bc9e7a5825658 | Myles Kennedy played an instrument. | [
{
"docid": "4216d5cbaa6eaf742f861c5842324eb7",
"text": "Myles Kennedy Myles Richard Kennedy ( born Myles Richard Bass ; November 27 , 1969 ) is an American musician , singer , and songwriter , best known as the lead vocalist and rhythm guitarist of the rock band Alter Bridge , and as the lead vocalist in guitarist Slash 's backing band , known as Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators . A former guitar instructor from Spokane , Washington , he has worked as a session musician and songwriter , making both studio and live appearances with several artists , and has been involved with several projects throughout his career . Born in Boston , Massachusetts , and raised in Northern Idaho and Spokane , Kennedy attended Spokane Falls Community College to study music theory . He began his music career in 1990 as the lead guitarist of the instrumental jazz ensemble Cosmic Dust , with which he released one studio album . His second band , Citizen Swing , released two studio albums before disbanding in 1996 . With fellow Citizen Swing member Craig Johnson , Kennedy founded the rock band The Mayfield Four , for which he provided lead vocals and guitar . The band released two studio albums and broke up in 2002 . After declining an offer to audition as the lead vocalist of Velvet Revolver , he was asked to join Alter Bridge by Mark Tremonti in late 2003 , formally joining in 2004 , and he has been with the band ever since . He has released five studio albums with Alter Bridge . While Alter Bridge was on tour in 2008 , Kennedy collaborated with former members of Led Zeppelin on an undisclosed project , though the band never fully materialized and the songs he wrote with Jimmy Page , John Paul Jones , and Jason Bonham remain unreleased . He then started working with Slash , featuring on the guitarist 's 2010 eponymous solo album on two tracks and later serving as Slash 's vocalist on tour . With Slash , Myles Kennedy and the Conspirators have recorded two studio albums . He has also been at work on a solo project of his own off and on since 2009 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "93bbcebea71cc9e9f3ccc0446e8b5a67",
"text": "The Kennedy Experience The Kennedy Experience is a music group and eponymous instrumental album conceived and produced in 1999 by violinist Nigel Kennedy . The album is largely derived from the music of rock guitarist Jimi Hendrix and the title references his group The Jimi Hendrix Experience . According to a BBC interview with Kennedy , the violinist stated that the recording is `` an album of music inspired by Jimi Hendrix . It is an extended instrumental work in six movements , each movement a classical interpretation of a Hendrix song '' . On the recording , Kennedy is accompanied by seven other musicians , and the lineup includes two cellos , an oboe , two guitars , a Dobro , flute , and double bass . With cellist Lynn Harrell , he has recorded an album of duets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "860be874bc78939fe9feb2988fd53a45",
"text": "Joseph Dillon Ford Joseph Dillon Ford ( born February 6 , 1952 in Americus , Georgia , US ) is an American composer and author . He holds undergraduate degrees in music and graduate degrees in both musicology and landscape architecture . Although he focussed on keyboard performance during his college years , Ford completed his training at Harvard as a Variell Scholar specializing in historical musicology . He studied twentieth-century composers and compositional techniques with Ivan Tcherepnin , the works of Bach and Handel with Christoph Wolff , Dowland and the English lutenists with John Ward , and the music of medieval Aquitaine with David Hughes . His major works include a symphony , a piano concerto , a harpsichord concerto , choral music , and a large quantity of chamber and solo works for the piano and other instruments . Although most of his oeuvre is tonal -- often very traditionally so , he has also produced non-tonal work using both acoustic and electronic media , and has developed synthetic chromatic dialects amenable to both idioms . In recent years he has published online Orpheus in the Twenty-first Century : Historicism and the Art-Music Renascence ( 2003 ) , a multimedia e-book on music aesthetics ; Chromatic One : A New Technique for Instrumental Speech ( 2003 ) , a monograph detailing an innovative art form fusing music and spoken language ; and numerous articles , poems , and short works of fiction . Keenly interested in emergent music and telecommunications technologies and the rich potential they offer for international creative collaborations , he also conceived and brought to fruition numerous large-scale projects in which his interdisciplinary artistic background has proven to be an especially useful asset . These include the world 's largest sound sculpture , an ongoing Web-based work that commemorates the monumental `` Standing Buddhas of Bamiyan '' demolished by the Taliban in 2001 ; the `` Westron Wynde '' Project ( begun in 2004 ) , for which composers in the US , Canada , and the UK each contributed music for James J. Pellerite ( former principal flutist of the Philadelphia Orchestra ) ; the Delian Suites Nos. 1 through 5 ( 2005 -- 09 ) , each exploring various tonal idioms ( No. 4 in cooperation with the Colloque Fou de Basson , Conservatoire Gabriel Fauré , Angoulême ) ; Nu Mu -LSB- sic ! -RSB- Unlimited ( 2006 -- 09 ) , the world 's first virtual new music festival ; and Ye New Music Fayre ( 2008 -- 09 ) , a seminal event featuring new music composed in traditional tonal and modal styles . Ford is the founder of the Delian Society , whose efforts to reinvigorate tonal music have attracted many composers and performers on six continents and have drawn attention to the accomplishments of other outstanding artists through an ongoing annual awards program . He presently resides in Gainesville , Florida , US .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab230d1b52cd6baf35b3757e76f69d65",
"text": "Eruption (instrumental) `` Eruption '' is an instrumental rock guitar solo performed by Eddie Van Halen . It is widely considered one of the greatest guitar solos of all time . It segues into `` You Really Got Me '' on the album Van Halen , and the two songs are often played together by radio stations . The song was also released as the b-side to the `` Runnin ' with the Devil '' single . `` Eruption '' starts with a short accompanied intro with Alex Van Halen on drums and Michael Anthony on bass . The highlight of the solo is the use of two-handed tapping . `` Eruption '' was played on the Frankenstrat , with a MXR Phase 90 , an Echoplex , a Univox echo unit and a 1968 Marshall 1959 Super Lead tube amp . The Sunset Sound studio reverb room was also used to add reverb . The Frankenstrat was tuned down a half-step . `` Eruption '' begins in the key of A flat and ends on an E flat note that is a twelfth fret , 6th string harmonic processed through a Univox EC-80 echo unit . The `` Eruption '' introduction is based on the `` Let Me Swim '' introduction by Cactus . After the intro , an E-flat major quotation of the `` Etude No. 2 '' by Rodolphe Kreutzer is heard . The end section begins with a series of rapid two-handed tapping triads that have a classical like structure and eventually finishes with a repeated classical cadence followed by sound effects generated by a Univox EC-80 echo unit . The piece that would later be named `` Eruption '' had existed as part of Van Halen 's stage act at least as far back as 1976 , when it featured no tapping . `` Eruption '' popularized the tapping trend of the '80s . Although one-handed tapping ( hammer-ons and pull-offs ) had been previously done by many guitarists , `` Eruption '' introduced two-handed tapping to the mainstream popular rock audience . Previously , Baroque-like tapping had been recorded by Steve Hackett of Genesis in 1971/1972 . Initially , `` Eruption '' was not considered as a song for the Van Halen album as it was just a guitar solo Eddie performed live in the clubs but Ted Templeman overheard it in the studio as Eddie was rehearsing it for a club date at the Whisky a Go Go and decided to include it on the album . Eddie recalled `` I did n't even play it right . There 's a mistake at the top end of it . To this day , whenever I hear it , I always think , ` Man , I could 've played it better . ' '' `` Spanish Fly '' , an acoustic guitar solo on Van Halen II , can be viewed as a nylon-string version of `` Eruption '' , expanding on similar techniques . Similarly , it was suggested by Templeman for inclusion on the album after he heard Eddie Van Halen playing a classical guitar . In March 2005 , Q magazine placed `` Eruption '' at number 29 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Tracks . `` Eruption '' has been named the 2nd greatest guitar solo by Guitar World magazine -LSB- citation needed -RSB- .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99c02f1bccc02df2a61781d00dce4d0e",
"text": "John McKay (musician) John McKay was the first studio guitarist of Siouxsie and the Banshees . He was a member of the band from July 1977 until September 1979 , playing on the albums The Scream and Join Hands . McKay composed the tune of their first hit single , `` Hong Kong Garden '' as well as much of the material found on the band 's first two albums . McKay left the band after the release of Join Hands . He later briefly led a trio named Zor Gabor , which released one three-song 12 '' EP , Tightrope , in 1987 on the In Tape label . It was awarded `` Record of the Week '' by NME .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "971e5f6797ce441932a881cbb185cf67",
"text": "The Joshua Tree The Joshua Tree is the fifth studio album by Irish rock band U2 . It was produced by Daniel Lanois and Brian Eno , and was released on 9 March 1987 on Island Records . In contrast to the ambient experimentation of their 1984 release , The Unforgettable Fire , the band aimed for a harder-hitting sound within the limitation of conventional song structures on The Joshua Tree . The album is influenced by American and Irish roots music , and through sociopolitically conscious lyrics embellished with spiritual imagery , it contrasts the group 's antipathy for the `` real America '' with their fascination with the `` mythical America '' . Inspired by American tour experiences , literature , and politics , U2 chose America as a theme for the record . Recording began in January 1986 in Ireland , and to foster a relaxed , creative atmosphere , the group primarily recorded in two houses . Several events during the sessions helped shape the conscious tone of the album , including the band 's participation in the Conspiracy of Hope benefit concerts for Amnesty International , the death of roadie Greg Carroll , and lead vocalist Bono 's travels to Central America . Recording was completed in November 1986 ; additional production continued into January 1987 . Throughout the sessions , U2 sought a `` cinematic '' quality for the record , one that would evoke a sense of location , in particular , the open spaces of the United States . They represented this in the sleeve photography depicting them in American desert landscapes . The Joshua Tree received critical acclaim , topped the charts in over 20 countries , and became the fastest-selling album in British history . According to Rolling Stone , the album increased the band 's stature `` from heroes to superstars '' . It produced the hit singles `` With or Without You '' , `` I Still Have n't Found What I 'm Looking For '' , and `` Where the Streets Have No Name '' , the first two of which became the group 's only number-one singles in the US . The album won Grammy Awards for Album of the Year and Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocal in 1988 . The group supported the record with the Joshua Tree Tour throughout 1987 . Frequently featured on critics ' lists of the greatest records , The Joshua Tree is one of the world 's best-selling albums , with over 25 million copies sold . U2 commemorated the record 's 20th anniversary with a remastered re-release , and its 30th anniversary with announcements of an anniversary concert tour and reissue . In 2014 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' by the US Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Recording Registry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "242c147c9b0d4a93a517f4f271bcc51c",
"text": "Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus Five Variants of Dives and Lazarus is a work for harp and string orchestra by Ralph Vaughan Williams . The composition is based on the folk tune `` Dives and Lazarus '' , one of the folk songs quoted in Vaughan Williams ' English Folk Song Suite . Vaughan Williams composed the work on commission from the British Council to be played at the 1939 World 's Fair in New York City . The first performance was by the New York Philharmonic at Carnegie Hall on 10 June 1939 , conducted by Sir Adrian Boult . The other works premiered on that occasion were Arthur Bliss 's Piano Concerto in B-flat , and Arnold Bax 's Symphony No. 7 . Boult also directed the first UK performance in November 1939 in Bristol . The folk tune was also arranged by Vaughan Williams as a hymn tune `` Kingsfold , '' appearing as `` O Sing a Song of Bethlehem , '' in The English Hymnal as `` I Heard the Voice of Jesus say , '' ( no. 574 in the original 1906 edition ) . The village of Kingsfold is in West Sussex , a few miles south from Vaughan Williams ' home at Leith Hill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10442e3d4e2c6aadbc1a9e5578517438",
"text": "MacBird! MacBird ! is a 1967 satire by Barbara Garson that superimposed the transferral of power following the Kennedy assassination onto the plot of Shakespeare 's Macbeth . Thus John F. Kennedy becomes `` John Ken O'Dunc '' , Lyndon Johnson becomes `` MacBird '' , Lady Bird Johnson becomes `` Lady MacBird '' , and so forth . As Macbeth assassinates Duncan , so MacBird is responsible for the assassination of Ken O'Dunc ; and as Macbeth is defeated by Macduff , so MacBird is defeated by Robert Ken O'Dunc ( i.e. Robert Kennedy ) . This action is significantly influenced by the Three Witches , representing Students , Blacks , and Leftists . In a 2006 Washington Post interview Garson said she was not seriously accusing Johnson of complicity in the Kennedy assassination : `` People used to ask me then , ` Do you really think Johnson killed Kennedy ? ' '' Garson , now 65 , recalls . `` I never took that seriously . I used to say to people , ` If he did , it 's the least of his crimes . ' It was not what the play was about . The plot was a given . '' The play parodies sequences from Shakespearean tragedies including Macbeth , Hamlet , and Richard III , albeit with Texas and Boston accents . The action follows MacBird from the 1960 Democratic National Convention , when he becomes John Ken O'Dunc 's Vice-President ( `` Hail , Vice-President thou art ! '' ) , to Ken O'Dunc 's assassination ( at the urging of Lady MacBird ) , to a future Robert Ken O'Dunc victory over MacBird at the 1968 convention . Macbird ! started out as a short satirical sketch by Garson , a recent graduate of the Berkeley anti-Vietnam war movement . It was developed into a full-length play with help from writer/director Roy Levine ( and Shakespeare ) . The production , which opened a mere three years after the Kennedy assassination , was quite controversial . It has been said that pressure from local authorities was applied to theaters in New York who were considering it . The Village Gate was the only theater willing to defy this pressure and mount the play . Macbird opened there on February 22 , 1967 , and closed on January 21 , 1968 , after 386 performances . Roy Levine , who worked with Garson to develop the work from what was essentially a sketch to a full-length play , was the original director of Macbird ! His bold and unique theatrical vision marked the production throughout the run , although , near the end of the almost-complete previews , he was suddenly replaced by Gerald Freedman . Set design was by Clarke Dunham , costumes by Jeanne Button , and lights by Robert Brand . The stage manager was Joel Zwick . The opening night cast included : Stacy Keach as MacBird Rue McClanahan as Lady MacBird , Paul Hecht as John Ken O'Dunc William Devane as Robert Ken O'Dunc John Pleshette as Ted Ken O'Dunc John Clark as Earl of Warren Cleavon Little as Witch 2 The original cast recorded a two-disc album of the text on February 6 , 1967 . It was released in a boxed set with a copy of the script on the Evergreen label as Evergreen - EVR 004 John Clark left the cast early to marry Lynn Redgrave . Cleavon Little made his professional acting debut in the play . It went on to a long engagement but with a different cast in Los Angeles where ironically the next Kennedy assassination would occur on June 5 , 1968 when Robert Kennedy would be shot to death while running for the Democratic presidential nomination . There was also a `` MacBird ! '' production by San Francisco 's Committee Theater circa 1968 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "586f4851a9a4e53ebfdd7743f78da027",
"text": "Guitar technician A guitar technician ( or ` guitar tech ' ) is a member of a music ensemble 's road crew who maintains and sets up the musical equipment for one or more guitarists . Depending on the type and size of band , the guitar tech may be responsible for stringing , tuning , and adjusting electric guitars and acoustic guitars , and maintaining and setting up guitar amplifiers and other related electronic equipment such as effect pedals . Once the guitar equipment has been set up onstage , the guitar tech does a soundcheck to ensure that the equipment is working well . If there are any problems , the guitar tech replaces or repairs the faulty components or equipment . Since guitar techs need to soundcheck the instruments and amplifiers , they must have basic guitar-playing skills , a musical `` ear '' for tuning , and a familiarity with the way guitars , amplifiers , and effect pedals are supposed to sound in the style of music of their band . Guitar techs learn their craft either `` on the job '' , by working in a range of music , sound engineering , and instrument repair jobs ; by completing a guitar repair program at a college or lutherie school ; or from a combination of these two routes . The salaries and conditions of work for guitar techs vary widely , depending on whether a guitar tech is working for a minor or regional touring bar band or a major international touring act .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00b2d2ed73c0c98251fb580fc8e5e60c",
"text": "Buckethead Brian Patrick Carroll ( born May 13 , 1969 ) , known professionally as Buckethead , is an American guitarist and multi-instrumentalist who has worked within many genres of music . He has released 294 studio albums , four special releases and one EP . He has also performed on more than 50 other albums by other artists . His music spans many diverse areas such as progressive metal , funk , blues , Heavy Metal , bluegrass , ambient , and avant-garde music . Buckethead is famous for wearing a KFC bucket on his head , emblazoned with an orange bumper sticker reading FUNERAL in capital black block letters , and an expressionless plain white mask , which , according to Buckethead , was inspired by his seeing Halloween 4 : The Return of Michael Myers . At one point , he changed to a plain white bucket that no longer bore the KFC logo , but subsequently reverted to his trademark KFC bucket . He also incorporates nunchaku and robot dancing into his stage performances . As an instrumentalist , Buckethead has received critical acclaim for his electric guitar playing , and is considered one of today 's more innovative guitarists . He has been voted number 8 on a list in GuitarOne magazine of the `` Top 10 Fastest Guitar Shredders of All Time '' as well as being included in Guitar Worlds lists of the `` 25 all-time weirdest guitarists '' and the `` 50 fastest guitarists of all time '' . He performs primarily as a solo artist , though he has collaborated extensively with a wide variety of high-profile artists such as Bill Laswell , Bootsy Collins , Bernie Worrell , Iggy Pop , Les Claypool , Serj Tankian , Bill Moseley , Mike Patton , Viggo Mortensen , That 1 Guy , Bassnectar , and was a member of Guns N ' Roses from 2000 to 2004 . Buckethead has also written and performed music for major motion pictures , including : Saw II , Ghosts of Mars , Beverly Hills Ninja , Mortal Kombat , Mortal Kombat : Annihilation , Last Action Hero , and contributed lead guitar to the track `` Firebird '' featured on the Mighty Morphin Power Rangers : The Movie soundtrack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae0c30f1d34b779e039d9274e1341353",
"text": "Simon Myles Simon David Myles ( born 2 June 1966 ) is a former English cricketer who played for Hong Kong . Myles was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm medium pace . He was born in Mansfield , Nottinghamshire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42f90f79a9a6fa0a3d4ae31de3aed895",
"text": "Zimbabwean jazz Zimbabwean Jazz , also known as Afro Jazz was developed in the 20th century . Its history can be traced from its early colonial era . It was influenced by a style of township rhythm that evolved in a southern part of Africa over the last century . One can also trace similarities from Kwela , a pennywhistle-based , street music from the southern part of Africa with jazzy underpinnings and a distinctive , skiffle-like beat . Kwela music was influenced by blending the music of Malawian immigrants to South Africa , together with the local South African sounds . In Chichewa , the word Kwela has a very similar meaning to the South African meaning : `` to climb '' . The music was popularised in South Africa and then brought to Malawi , where contemporary Malawian artists have also begun producing Kwela music . It is also closely related to Marabi which was the name given to a keyboard style ( often using cheap pedal organs ) that had a musical link to American jazz , ragtime and blues , with roots deep in the African tradition . Early Marabi musicians were part of an underground musical culture and were typically not recorded . An example of such an artist in the early 1940s is August Musarurwa of the Skokiaan fame . It has continued to develop and you can even see traits of this music in his grandson Prince Kudakwashe Musarurwa . This music was often played in townships ( segregated parts of suburban areas ) . During colonial years of Rhodesia , the term township referred to a residential area reserved for black citizens within the boundaries of a city or town , and is still commonly used colloquially . But In modern Zimbabwe it is also used to refer to a residential area within close proximity of a rural growth point . These townships you would find `` Shebeens '' . Shebeens are most often located in townships as an alternative to pubs and bars . In the colonial error indigenous Africans were barred from entering pubs or bars reserved for those of European descent . Originally shebeens were operated illegally by women who were called Shebeen Queens and was itself a revival of the African tradition that assigned the role of alcohol brewing to women . The Shebeen Queens would sell home brewed and home-distilled alcohol and provided patrons with a place to meet and discuss political and social issues . Often , patrons and owners were arrested by the police , though the shebeens were frequently reopened because of their importance in unifying the community and providing a safe place for discussion . During the colonial error era shebeens became a crucial meeting place for activists , some attracting working class activists and community members , while others attracted lawyers , doctors and musicians . Shebeens also provided music and dancing , allowing patrons to express themselves culturally , which helped give rise to and support for the musical genre called Township Jazz which we now call Afro Jazz or Zimbabwean Jazz .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56f43e9557b3a0a9588e671d42adca61",
"text": "David Myles David Myles may refer to : David Myles ( politician ) ( born 1925 ) , former Scottish Conservative Party politician , MP 1979 -- 1983 David Myles ( rugby league ) ( born 1978 ) , Australian rugby league player David Myles ( singer-songwriter ) ( born 1981 ) , musician from Fredericton , New Brunswick , Canada",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "76b2777ac16251966dfbd125cb689cd7",
"text": "Joan Kennedy (musician) Joan Kennedy ( born in Douglas Harbour , New Brunswick , Canada ) is a female country music singer . She came to fame after winning the Canadian National Talent Contest in 1983 and issued her first album , I 'm a Big Girl Now , the following year in 1984 . After two more albums in 1985 and 1987 , she signed with MCA Records and issued two albums , 1990 's Candle in the Window and 1992 's Higher Ground . In 2000 , Kennedy released A Dozen Red Roses , a greatest hits album . During the early 90 's , she had her own syndicated weekly television show in Canada . She now resides in Portland , Maine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ddf1fb9a99f70d3371c160416c327ce",
"text": "Mai-Dun Mai-Dun is an orchestral work composed in 1921 by John Ireland ( 18791962 ) . He called it a symphonic rhapsody ; another description might be tone poem . In 1931 , he arranged it for piano four hands . In British Celtic , `` Mai-dun '' means `` great hill '' . Ireland 's piece is a musical evocation of a notable iron age fort : Maiden Castle , Dorset , nearby the house of the English novelist and poet Thomas Hardy ( 18401928 ) whose name for the place Ireland adopted . It has been said that , `` ancient sites with echoes of the supernatural , including the Channel Islands , inform some of Ireland 's few orchestral pieces '' ; and of Mai-Dun itself that , `` it is a strong piece , aggressive at times , resourcefully scored , and Ireland 's imagination was ignited by the largest hill-fort in England , dating from 3000BC , and its violent history . '' A typical performance takes about 12 1/2 minutes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79800d869601feba1ae780ca66ec0c5d",
"text": "Hammer-on A hammer-on is a playing technique performed on a stringed instrument ( especially on a fretted string instrument , such as a guitar ) by sharply bringing a fretting-hand finger down on the fingerboard behind a fret , causing a note to sound . This technique is the opposite of the pull-off . Passages in which a large proportion of the notes are performed as hammer-ons and pull-offs instead of being plucked or picked in the usual fashion are known in classical guitar terminology as legato phrases . The sound is smoother and more connected than in a normally picked phrase , due to the absence of the necessity to synchronize the plucking of one hand with the fingering on the fingerboard with the other hand ; however , the resulting sounds are not as brightly audible , precisely due to the absence of the plucking of the string , the vibration of the string from an earlier plucking dying off . The technique also facilitates very fast playing because the picking hand does not have to move at such a high rate , and coordination between the hands only has to be achieved at certain points . Multiple hammer-ons and pull-offs together are sometimes also referred to colloquially as `` rolls '' , a reference to the fluid sound of the technique . A hammer-on is usually represented in guitar tablature ( especially that created by computer ) by a letter h. A rapid series of alternating hammer-ons and pull-offs between a single pair of notes is called a trill . The term hammer-on was first invented and popularized by Pete Seeger in his book How to Play the 5-String Banjo . Seeger also invented the term pull-off . In the Banjo tutor book `` Ellis 's Thorough Course For 5 String Banjo '' published prior to 1900 , the term ` Hammer on ' is used to describe the action of performing an embellishment called ` the Shake ' . The description is : - '' The Shake , which is marked ` tr ' , is played in the following manner . Strike ( pick ) the first note only with the right hand & the remainder of the passage with the 2nd finger of the left hand , by ` hammering on ' the string while it is vibrating '' . In the same tutor book , the action ` pull off ' is termed the ` snap ' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5edaef1c6ec8e0c6aa8b0f47951b13be",
"text": "Jazz chord Jazz chords refer to chords , chord voicings and chord symbols that jazz musicians commonly use in composition , improvisation , and harmony . In jazz chords and theory , most triads that appear in lead sheets or fake books can have sevenths added to them , using the performer 's discretion and ear . For example , if a tune is in the key of C , if there is a G chord , the chord-playing performer usually `` voices '' this chord as G7 . While in a strict classical music context , the notes of a G7 chord would be G -- B -- D -- F , jazz often omits the fifth of the chord -- and even the root if playing in a group , since the bassist will play it . Omitting the root and fifth gives the improvising chord-playing musician the option to play other notes . Also , if a seventh chord , such as G7 , appears in a lead sheet or fake book , many chord-playing performers add the ninth or thirteenth to the chord , even though the lead sheet does not specify these additional notes . Jazz players can add these additional , upper notes -- seventh , ninth , eleventh , and thirteenth -- because they are an important part of the jazz sound . Lead sheets and fake books often do not detail how to voice the chord because a lead sheet or fake book is only intended to provide basic guide to the harmony . An experienced `` comping '' performer playing electric guitar or piano adds the extra notes using their ear and taste . In voicing jazz chords , performers focus first on the seventh and the major or minor third of the chord , with the latter indicating the chord quality , along with added chord extensions ( e.g. , ninths , elevenths , or thirteenths , even if not indicated in the lead sheet or fake book ) to add tone `` colour '' to the chord . As such , a jazz guitarist or jazz piano player might `` voice '' a printed G chord with the notes B -- E -- F -- A , which would be the third , sixth ( thirteenth ) , seventh , and ninth of the chord . Jazz chord-playing musicians may also add altered chord tones ( e.g. , 9 , 9 , 11 , 13 ) and added tones . An example of an altered dominant chord in the key of C , built on a G would be to voice the chord as `` B -- C -- E -- F -- A '' ; this would be G7 ( 911 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b9d5068e873c58bd1a0f023e7da823b",
"text": "Andy Irvine (musician) Andrew Kennedy Irvine ( born 14 June 1942 ) , known as Andy Irvine , is an Irish folk musician , singer-songwriter , and a founding member of popular bands Sweeney 's Men , Planxty , Patrick Street , Mozaik , LAPD and Usher 's Island . He plays the mandolin , mandola , bouzouki , harmonica and hurdy-gurdy . Irvine has been influential in folk music for over five decades , during which he recorded a large repertoire of songs and tunes he assembled from books , old recordings and rooted in the Irish , English , Scottish , Eastern European , Australian and American old-time and folk traditions . He sets these songs to new music and also writes songs about his personal experiences or the lives and struggles of his heroes : Tom Barker , Michael Davitt , Mother Jones , Douglas Mawson , Raoul Wallenberg , and Emiliano Zapata , among others . Imbued with a sense of social justice , Irvine often selects or writes songs that are based on historical events and presented from the victim 's perspective . Some of these songs chronicle the abject living and working conditions imposed on groups of people : the emigrants ; the brutalized migrant workers ; the exploited textile strikers or coalminers . Other songs recall the archetypal experiences of single individuals : the woman seduced by an unfaithful man or disowned by her father ; the destitute young man ostracized or murdered on the order of his sweetheart 's rich father ; the down-on-his-luck farmer or the unemployed worker ; the young man inveigled by the army 's recruiting sergeant ; the scapegoats . Irvine 's songs also denounce worker deaths and industrial diseases , and lament the plight of hunted animals . His repertoire includes humorous songs , but also bittersweet ones of unrequited love , or of lovers cruelly separated or dramatically reunited . He also sings about famous racehorses , men or women masquerading in various disguises , a fantastical fox preying on young maidens , and the violent lives of outlaws . As a child actor , Irvine honed his performing talent from an early age and learned the classical guitar . He switched to folk music after discovering Woody Guthrie , also adopting the latter 's other instruments : harmonica and mandolin . While extending Guthrie 's guitar picking technique to the mandolin , he further developed his playing of this instrument -- and , later , of the mandola and the bouzouki -- into a decorative , harmonic style and embraced the modes and rhythms of Bulgarian folk music . Along with Johnny Moynihan and Dónal Lunny , Irvine is one of the pioneers who adapted the Greek bouzouki -- with a new tuning -- into an Irish instrument . He contributed to advancing the design of his instruments in cooperation with English luthier Stefan Sobell , and he occasionally plays a hurdy-gurdy made for him in 1972 by Peter Abnett , another English luthier . Although touring mainly as a soloist , Irvine has also enjoyed great success in pursuing collaborations through many projects that have influenced contemporary folk music . He continues to tour and perform extensively in Ireland , Great Britain , Europe , North and South America , Japan , Australia and New Zealand .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca4bc54e3d6e8a0b8c7e171709a40b6",
"text": "Jimmy Cooper (musician) Jimmy Cooper ( 1907 -- 1977 ) was a hammered dulcimer player from Scotland . Cooper was born in Coatbridge , Scotland , near Glasgow . He started to play the dulcimer around age twelve , and gained a lot of experience by playing in dance halls and busking in the early 1920s . Over the course of his life he worked at various jobs , including driving buses , driving an ambulance for a children 's home , and running a dance band . His repertoire included traditional Irish and Scottish tunes , pop tunes , show tunes , and more . He was `` discovered '' as part of the folk revival in the early 1970s , and helped inspire players of the younger generation such as John McCutcheon and Malcolm Dalglish . McCutcheon described Cooper as `` the most complete dulcimer player '' he had met .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ac87d042653a563032d9bc554182f7f",
"text": "Tapping Tapping is a guitar playing technique where a string is fretted and set into vibration as part of a single motion of being pushed onto the fretboard , as opposed to the standard technique being fretted with one hand and picked with the other . It incorporates the techniques of hammer-on and pull-off , but these are usually only performed by the fretting hand , and in conjunction with conventionally picked notes , whereas tap passages involve both hands and consist of only tapped , hammered and pulled notes . Some players ( such as Stanley Jordan ) rely extensively or exclusively on tapping . Tapping is also called tap style ( tapstyle ) , touch-style , and two-handed tapping , though the latter is somewhat of a misnomer as `` one-handed tapping '' is equivalent to the common hammer-on . Tapping is the primary methodology intended for some instruments such as the Chapman Stick and is the alternative method for the Warr Guitar and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3aa3bed1b42f894f9e45759a07db399a",
"text": "Philip Jameson Dr. Philip Jameson ( born December 7 , 1941 in Wooster , Ohio ) graduated from Wooster High School in 1959 and attended Baldwin Wallace College for one year . In the Fall of 1960 he was accepted by audition to The Juilliard School of Music on a full scholarship . He was subsequently appointed principal trombone with the Juilliard Orchestra , a position he held for the next five years . He graduated from Juilliard with a Bachelor of Music Degree in 1964 and a Master of Science degree in 1965 . He then enrolled in Columbia University ( NYC ) and received a Master of Music Education Degree in 1967 and completed his Doctorate of Music in 1980 . His PhD dissertation was entitled `` The effect of timbre conditions on the prompted and simultaneous pitch matching of three ability groups of trombone performers '' . It is available from Dissertation Abstracts . Dr. Jameson was the professor of trombone and music at the University of Georgia , where he founded the UGA Brass Quintet and the UGA Trombone Choir in the fall of 1967 to the spring of 2009 , retiring as Distinguished Professor Emeritus . He is a lifetime member of the International Trombone Association and has had numerous articles published in the ITA Journal . Dr. Jameson is listed in The International Who 's Who in Music , Fifteenth Edition , International Biographical Center , Cambridge , England , and Who 's Who in American Music . Former students have earned places in major performing organizations across the world . During his tenure at the University of Georgia , former students substituted in orchestras ranging from the New York Philharmonic to the San Francisco Symphony . Dr. Jameson has been a significant teacher in the world of trombone . He was a charter member of Leopold Stokowski 's American Symphony Orchestra at Carnegie Hall and the Mostly Mozart Orchestra at New York 's Lincoln Center . He has also performed with the New York City Ballet , the Band of America , the Musica Aeterna Orchestra at the Metropolitan Museum of Art , the Radio City Music Hall Orchestra , and the American Wind Symphony Orchestra . He was a Fromm Foundation Fellow with the Boston Symphony Orchestra at Tanglewood , the recipient of the Juilliard School Naumburg Prize , the Sarah Moss Fellowship for doctoral study at Columbia University , and a Senior Fulbright Professorship with the National Symphony Orchestra of Korea . While on sabbaticals , he held teaching appointments at the Juilliard School , the Horace Mann School , the Queensland Conservatorium of Music ( Australia ) , and Seoul National University . He was actively engaged in acoustical research , and presented many papers in this area at national symposiums . In 2005 trombone students of Dr. Jameson at the University of Georgia won three major trombone solo competitions in the USA . David Nelson won first place in the US Army / Eastern Trombone Workshop National Solo Competition in Washington D.C. Charles Reneau won first place at the International Trombone Association Solo Competition in New Orleans and the Zellmer International Trombone Competition Sponsored by the Minnesota Symphony Orchestra . Two of the four current trombonists with the New York Philharmonic , James Markey and Amanda Stewart Davidson , were students of his at the Interlochen Arts Camp , where he taught from 1984 to 2004 . Other students who have studied with Dr. Jameson at the University of Georgia have attained professional positions with the major orchestras including : the St. Louis Symphony , Gerry Pagano ; the Oregon Symphony Orchestra , Charles Reneau ; and Steve Norrell of the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a04de621a32e825a50235df1a2f73584 | Eddie Vedder is a member of the jazz band Pearl Jam. | [
{
"docid": "523265a588e8f3f8e199331a007d4834",
"text": "Eddie Vedder Eddie Vedder ( born Edward Louis Severson ; December 23 , 1964 ) is an American musician , singer and songwriter best known as a member of the rock band Pearl Jam , with whom he performs lead vocals and is one of three guitarists . He is known for his powerful baritone vocals . He is also involved in making music and contributes to albums by other artists . In 2007 , Vedder released his first solo album as a soundtrack for the film Into the Wild ( 2007 ) . His second album Ukulele Songs and a live DVD titled Water on the Road were released in 2011 . Vedder was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Pearl Jam on April 7 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1e33b6ac4eebbb17a94b3768881821d0",
"text": "Pearl Jam Twenty Pearl Jam Twenty ( also known as PJ20 ) is a 2011 American rockumentary directed by Cameron Crowe about the band Pearl Jam . Preliminary footage was being shot as of June 2010 . Crowe completed filming in April 2011 , after using 12,000 hours of footage of the band for the documentary . The film premiered at the 2011 Toronto International Film Festival and also had an accompanying book and soundtrack . The documentary charts the history of the band , from the demise of Mother Love Bone , their battle against Ticketmaster and the tragedy of the Roskilde Festival in 2000 . The film was presented theatrically at select cinemas in the US during the month of September 2011 , and premiered on October 21 , 2011 on PBS ' American Masters . It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on October 24 , 2011 . A book , written by Jonathan Cohen , was published concurrent to the film 's release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9f9dbe5664536bf5c3cfbb7640c99bc",
"text": "Herbie Hancock Herbert Jeffrey Hancock ( born April 12 , 1940 ) is an American pianist , keyboardist , bandleader , composer and actor . Starting his career with Donald Byrd , he shortly thereafter joined the Miles Davis Quintet where Hancock helped to redefine the role of a jazz rhythm section and was one of the primary architects of the post-bop sound . He was one of the first jazz musicians to embrace synthesizers and funk music . Hancock 's music is often melodic and accessible ; he has had many songs `` cross over '' and achieved success among pop audiences . Hancock 's best-known compositions include `` Cantaloupe Island '' , `` Watermelon Man '' ( later performed by dozens of musicians , including bandleader Mongo Santamaría ) , `` Maiden Voyage '' , `` Chameleon '' , and the singles `` I Thought It Was You '' and `` Rockit '' . His 2007 tribute album River : The Joni Letters won the 2008 Grammy Award for Album of the Year , only the second jazz album ever to win the award , after Getz/Gilberto in 1965 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5edaef1c6ec8e0c6aa8b0f47951b13be",
"text": "Jazz chord Jazz chords refer to chords , chord voicings and chord symbols that jazz musicians commonly use in composition , improvisation , and harmony . In jazz chords and theory , most triads that appear in lead sheets or fake books can have sevenths added to them , using the performer 's discretion and ear . For example , if a tune is in the key of C , if there is a G chord , the chord-playing performer usually `` voices '' this chord as G7 . While in a strict classical music context , the notes of a G7 chord would be G -- B -- D -- F , jazz often omits the fifth of the chord -- and even the root if playing in a group , since the bassist will play it . Omitting the root and fifth gives the improvising chord-playing musician the option to play other notes . Also , if a seventh chord , such as G7 , appears in a lead sheet or fake book , many chord-playing performers add the ninth or thirteenth to the chord , even though the lead sheet does not specify these additional notes . Jazz players can add these additional , upper notes -- seventh , ninth , eleventh , and thirteenth -- because they are an important part of the jazz sound . Lead sheets and fake books often do not detail how to voice the chord because a lead sheet or fake book is only intended to provide basic guide to the harmony . An experienced `` comping '' performer playing electric guitar or piano adds the extra notes using their ear and taste . In voicing jazz chords , performers focus first on the seventh and the major or minor third of the chord , with the latter indicating the chord quality , along with added chord extensions ( e.g. , ninths , elevenths , or thirteenths , even if not indicated in the lead sheet or fake book ) to add tone `` colour '' to the chord . As such , a jazz guitarist or jazz piano player might `` voice '' a printed G chord with the notes B -- E -- F -- A , which would be the third , sixth ( thirteenth ) , seventh , and ninth of the chord . Jazz chord-playing musicians may also add altered chord tones ( e.g. , 9 , 9 , 11 , 13 ) and added tones . An example of an altered dominant chord in the key of C , built on a G would be to voice the chord as `` B -- C -- E -- F -- A '' ; this would be G7 ( 911 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdd46b945ff0223eae0ed8c391c1f6dd",
"text": "Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts The Philadelphia Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts , INC. ( PCC ) is an American trade union . It was founded in 1966 by members of Musicians ' Protective Union Local # 274 , American Federation of Musicians ( A F of M ) . Local # 274 was chartered in 1935 as a separate Black local because Black musicians were denied membership in the racially segregated Local # 77 . Local # 274 enjoyed its autonomy for more than 36 years . It was the longest surviving independent Black Musicians ' Union in the United States , of the more than fifty chartered in major cities . Local # 274 and PCC 's social unit are integral parts of the history of JAZZ in Philadelphia . They evolved out of the struggle of Black musicians for political , economic , and cultural recognition during Philadelphia 's overt segregation period . Local # 274 's membership rolls included JAZZ greats like John Coltrane , Dizzy Gillespie , Shirley Scott , Lee Morgan , `` Philly '' Joe Jones , Grover Washington Jr. , the Heath Brothers , and Nina Simone to name a few .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5155b63c254792fcd21017e30c6c51aa",
"text": "Rearviewmirror (Greatest Hits 1991–2003) Rearviewmirror ( Greatest Hits 1991 -- 2003 ) is a two-disc compilation album by the American rock band Pearl Jam , released on November 16 , 2004 through Epic Records . The album has been certified platinum by the RIAA in the United States . It was reissued in 2013 as The Essential Pearl Jam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2ed78ebea9aab43094ffbeb02a3bc59",
"text": "Eddie the Head Eddie , also known as Eddie the Head , is the mascot for the British heavy metal band Iron Maiden . He is a perennial fixture of the group 's artwork , appearing in all of their album covers ( as well as most of their singles ) and in their merchandise , which includes T-shirts , posters and action figures . On top of this , Eddie features in all of the band 's concerts , as well as in the first-person shooter video game , Ed Hunter , and the role-playing game , Iron Maiden : Legacy of the Beast . Originally a papier-mâché mask used in Iron Maiden 's stage backdrop , the band transferred the name `` Eddie '' from the mask to an illustration by Derek Riggs , which was used as the band 's debut album cover . Although he is occasionally described as `` zombie-like '' in the press , Eddie assumes a different guise relating to the themes of individual albums and their corresponding world tours , and has appeared as a cyborg , an Egyptian mummy and a lobotomised mental patient amongst others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d05ce5a9be29373d34896ac9bdd1da04",
"text": "Twin Cities Hot Summer Jazz Festival The Twin Cities Jazz Festival is one of the largest free civic events in the upper Midwest , attracting upwards of 30,000 people . Founded in 1999 by festival promoter Steve Heckler , The main events of the festival are held at Mears Park in St. Paul in the Lowertown neighborhood . The festival closes several blocks and has utilized clubs such as the Bulldog , Hat Trick , Black Dog , Station 4 , Artists ' Quarter , Union Depot , Amsterdam , Heartland , Bedlam , SW Craft Bar , and more . For the first time in 2015 , the festival will present music at the newly opened CHS Field with Jack Brass Band opening for headliner Dr. John . In addition , Media partners have included Jazz 88 radio ( broadcasting live locally and streaming live on the internet internationally ) , WCCO-TV , The Rake , City Pages , Jazz Police , La Prenza and MPLS-St . Paul Magazine . The festival has also received extensive coverage in the Star Tribune , St. Paul Pioneer Press , The Minnesota Spokesman-Recorder and Skyway News . Festival performers have included : Joe Lovano , Chick Corea , Esperanza Spalding , Return to Forever , Dave Brubeck , Clark Terry , Monty Alexander , Gary Burton , Deodato , The Bad Plus with Joshua Redman , Danilo Pérez , Branford Marsalis , David `` Fathead '' Newman , Eric Alexander , Jimmy McGriff , Red Holloway , Jack McDuff , Joey DeFrancesco , Benny Golson , Dr. Lonnie Smith , Dewey Redman , Lew Tabackin , Bettye LaVette , Ira Sullivan , Spyro Gyra , Bernard Purdie , Melvin Rhyne , Ben Sidran , Von Freeman , Frank Morgan , Mose Allison , Butch Thompson , Bill Evans , Chris Michalek , Alicia Renee , Heatin ' System , Howard Levy , Debbie Duncan , Big Walter Smith , Percy Strother , Tiger Okoshi , Peter Schimke , Yellowjackets , Kristin Korb , Hiromi , Phil Hey Quartet , Duke Ellington Orchestra , Henry Johnson 's Organ Express , Nachito Herrera , Salsa del Soul , Bobby Sanabria , George Avaloz , Barbara Morrison , US Air Force Falconaires , Norman Simmons , David Young , Jon Weber , Jerry Weldon , Tony Monaco , Atlantis Quartet , and MN Big Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54ffa521157b9f09fb535980aadde4c5",
"text": "A Study in Jazz A Study in Jazz is the fourth album by American jazz saxophonist Eddie Harris , and the first to feature his compositions predominantly , recorded in 1962 and released on the Vee-Jay label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54c8a76880e814fd6940eb79cde55bfe",
"text": "1950s in jazz By the end of the 1940s , the nervous energy and tension of bebop was replaced with a tendency towards calm and smoothness , with the sounds of cool jazz , which favoured long , linear melodic lines . It emerged in New York City , as a result of the mixture of the styles of predominantly white swing jazz musicians and predominantly black bebop musicians , and it dominated jazz in the first half of the 1950s . The starting point were a series of singles on Capitol Records in 1949 and 1950 of a nonet led by trumpeter Miles Davis , collected and released first on a ten-inch and later a twelve-inch as the Birth of the Cool . Cool jazz recordings by Chet Baker , Dave Brubeck , Bill Evans , Gil Evans , Stan Getz and the Modern Jazz Quartet usually have a `` lighter '' sound which avoided the aggressive tempos and harmonic abstraction of bebop . Cool jazz later became strongly identified with the West Coast jazz scene , but also had a particular resonance in Europe , especially Scandinavia , with emergence of such major figures as baritone saxophonist Lars Gullin and pianist Bengt Hallberg . The theoretical underpinnings of cool jazz were set out by the blind Chicago pianist Lennie Tristano , and its influence stretches into such later developments as Bossa nova , modal jazz , and even free jazz . See also the list of cool jazz and West Coast musicians for further detail . Hard bop , an extension of bebop ( or `` bop '' ) music that incorporates influences from rhythm and blues , gospel music , and blues , especially in the saxophone and piano playing , developed in the mid-1950s , partly in response to the vogue for cool jazz in the early 1950s . The hard bop style coalesced in 1953 and 1954 , paralleling the rise of rhythm and blues . Miles Davis ' performance of `` Walkin ' '' the title track of his album of the same year , at the very first Newport Jazz Festival in 1954 , announced the style to the jazz world . The quintet Art Blakey and the Jazz Messengers , fronted by Blakey and featuring pianist Horace Silver and trumpeter Clifford Brown , were leaders in the hard bop movement along with Davis . ( See also List of Hard bop musicians ) Modal jazz recordings , such as Miles Davis 's Kind of Blue , became popular in the late 1950s . Popular modal standards include Davis 's `` All Blues '' and `` So What '' ( both 1959 ) , John Coltrane 's `` Impressions '' ( 1963 ) and Herbie Hancock 's `` Maiden Voyage '' ( 1965 ) . Later , Davis 's `` second great quintet '' , which included saxophonist Wayne Shorter and pianist Herbie Hancock , recorded a series of highly acclaimed albums in the mid-to-late 1960s . Standards from these sessions include Shorter 's `` Footprints '' ( 1966 ) and Eddie Harris 's `` Freedom Jazz Dance '' ( 1966 ) . In Brazil , a new style of music called bossa nova evolved in the late 1950s . The free jazz movement , coming to prominence in the late 1950s , spawned very few standards . Free jazz 's unorthodox structures and performance techniques are not as amenable to transcription as other jazz styles . However , `` Lonely Woman '' ( 1959 ) a blues by saxophonist Ornette Coleman , is perhaps the closest thing to a standard in free jazz , having been recorded by dozens of notable performers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2b173419cb4d05f2ee303f7211d7eff",
"text": "Eddie Beal Eddie Beal ( June 13 , 1910 , Redlands , California - December 15 , 1984 , Los Angeles ) was an American jazz pianist . He was the brother of Charlie Beal . Beal started on drums but switched to piano in his teens . Early in the 1930s he worked in the orchestras of Earl Dancer and Charlie Echols . From 1933 to 1936 he toured China with Buck Clayton , then freelanced in California ( with Maxine Sullivan , among others ) until 1941 . After military service from 1941 -- 43 , he accompanied Ivie Anderson , and led his own trio which accompanied Billie Holiday at one point . He also worked in the Spirits of Rhythm . As a composer , he penned the tunes `` Softly '' ( covered by Holliday ) and `` Bye and Bye '' , a hit for The Turbans . He plays on the soundtrack to the 1951 film The Strip ; he also makes an appearance in the film . Later recording credits include work with Jimmy Mundy , Herb Jeffries , Helen Humes , Red Callender , and others . He led his own group in Las Vegas , Nevada in 1973-74 , and in 1974-75 he played with Tommy Dorsey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07244b02882f835a65a99b7215455c6e",
"text": "Jah Paul Jo Joseph Jack `` Severs '' Ramsey , better known by his stage name Jah Paul Jo ( November 1 , 1956 -- December 29 , 2014 ) was an American musician , singer and producer best known for creating the novelty band Dread Zeppelin . From 1983 to 1988 , Ramsey was the singer/bass player in The Prime Movers . Ramsey was also the owner of independent record label Birdcage Records , which has released albums by Dread Zeppelin , The Prime Movers , Stan Ridgway , Ron Asheton , In Vivo , The Mystery Band and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "38d1afc5005117eb99a13f60dfd59b12",
"text": "Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour The Pearl Jam 2008 United States Tour was a concert tour by the American rock band Pearl Jam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6815d4ee4d7cc20affb55728771f74c",
"text": "Sirens (Pearl Jam song) `` Sirens '' is a song by the American alternative rock band Pearl Jam . It was released on September 18 , 2013 as a digital download as the second single from their tenth studio album Lightning Bolt . In its first week of release , the single sold 13,000 downloads in the US . Guitarist Mike McCready said the song was inspired by Roger Waters 's The Wall Live Tour , as after attending a concert in 2011 he `` wanted to write something that would have a Pink Floyd type feel '' . The lyrics by singer Eddie Vedder concern his worries on mortality , and what the future reserves for the next generations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02196be0909569a8944ed5d6059d872a",
"text": "Live under the sky Live under the sky was an annual jazz festival held in summer , July and August , at the Denen Coliseum and Yomiuriland in Tokyo and other areas in Japan . The multiple day festival featured musicians from Japan and other countries performing on different stages . It was held from 1977 -- 1992 . Notable artists at Live under the sky were Buzz Feiten , Kimiko Kasai , `` V.S.O.P. '' quintet , Pedro Aznar , Masahiko Togashi , Terumasa Hino , Sadao Watanabe , McCoy Tyner , Ron Carter , Elis Regina , Chick Corea , John McLaughlin , Stanley Clarke , Toshiyuki Honda , Sonny Rollins , Paco de Lucía , Carlos Santana , Weather Report , The Crusaders , Gil Evans , Black Uhuru , Sly and Robbie , Miles Davis , John Scofield , Roberta Flack , Al Di Meola , Branford Marsalis , Ornette Coleman , Miles Davis , Ryuichi Sakamoto , Samul nori , Wayne Shorter , Jack DeJohnette , Kazumi Watanabe , Eugene Pao , Eddie Gómez , Marlon Jordan , Pat Metheny , David Sanborn , Don Alias , Sun Ra , Marshall Allen , Danny Thompson , Billy Bang , Marilyn Mazur , Michael Brecker , Mike Stern , Leon `` Ndugu '' Chancler , Don Grolnick , Yoshio Suzuki , Gunther Schuller , Roberta Flack , Masahiko Satoh , Alex Acuna , Nana Vasconcelos , Kazutoki Umezu , Al Jarreau , Philippe Saisse , Steve Gadd , Michel Godard , Milton Nascimento , Omar Hakim , Marcus Miller , Lalah Hathaway , Dean Brown , Everette Harp , Larry Coryell , Billy Cobham , Paul Wertico , Harold Smiley Davis土肥晃 . Live under the sky ( established in 1977 ) , Newport Jazz Festival in Madarao ( established in 1982 ) and Mount Fuji Jazz Festival ( established in 1986 ) are the big 3 jazz festivals in the history of jazz in Japan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "054551c552da44881507e266a9be297f",
"text": "Rocky Mountain Jam Rocky Mountain Jam is the ninth live album by the American rock band Little Feat , released in 2007 . ( see 2007 in music ) . It is currently the band 's most recent live release and features long improvisational jams on most of the songs including a nod to both Miles Davis ' `` So What '' and the Grateful Dead 's `` Dark Star '' at the beginning of `` Dixie Chicken . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ec801dcd944a9562deccf92e334b9ae",
"text": "Jazz (Tenacious D album) Jazz is the second extended play by American comedy rock band Tenacious D. Released in 2012 , the EP consists of a single , 11 minute jazz composition with vocals . The EP was released as a digital download and a limited edition vinyl record .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab230d1b52cd6baf35b3757e76f69d65",
"text": "Eruption (instrumental) `` Eruption '' is an instrumental rock guitar solo performed by Eddie Van Halen . It is widely considered one of the greatest guitar solos of all time . It segues into `` You Really Got Me '' on the album Van Halen , and the two songs are often played together by radio stations . The song was also released as the b-side to the `` Runnin ' with the Devil '' single . `` Eruption '' starts with a short accompanied intro with Alex Van Halen on drums and Michael Anthony on bass . The highlight of the solo is the use of two-handed tapping . `` Eruption '' was played on the Frankenstrat , with a MXR Phase 90 , an Echoplex , a Univox echo unit and a 1968 Marshall 1959 Super Lead tube amp . The Sunset Sound studio reverb room was also used to add reverb . The Frankenstrat was tuned down a half-step . `` Eruption '' begins in the key of A flat and ends on an E flat note that is a twelfth fret , 6th string harmonic processed through a Univox EC-80 echo unit . The `` Eruption '' introduction is based on the `` Let Me Swim '' introduction by Cactus . After the intro , an E-flat major quotation of the `` Etude No. 2 '' by Rodolphe Kreutzer is heard . The end section begins with a series of rapid two-handed tapping triads that have a classical like structure and eventually finishes with a repeated classical cadence followed by sound effects generated by a Univox EC-80 echo unit . The piece that would later be named `` Eruption '' had existed as part of Van Halen 's stage act at least as far back as 1976 , when it featured no tapping . `` Eruption '' popularized the tapping trend of the '80s . Although one-handed tapping ( hammer-ons and pull-offs ) had been previously done by many guitarists , `` Eruption '' introduced two-handed tapping to the mainstream popular rock audience . Previously , Baroque-like tapping had been recorded by Steve Hackett of Genesis in 1971/1972 . Initially , `` Eruption '' was not considered as a song for the Van Halen album as it was just a guitar solo Eddie performed live in the clubs but Ted Templeman overheard it in the studio as Eddie was rehearsing it for a club date at the Whisky a Go Go and decided to include it on the album . Eddie recalled `` I did n't even play it right . There 's a mistake at the top end of it . To this day , whenever I hear it , I always think , ` Man , I could 've played it better . ' '' `` Spanish Fly '' , an acoustic guitar solo on Van Halen II , can be viewed as a nylon-string version of `` Eruption '' , expanding on similar techniques . Similarly , it was suggested by Templeman for inclusion on the album after he heard Eddie Van Halen playing a classical guitar . In March 2005 , Q magazine placed `` Eruption '' at number 29 in its list of the 100 Greatest Guitar Tracks . `` Eruption '' has been named the 2nd greatest guitar solo by Guitar World magazine -LSB- citation needed -RSB- .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c74f43886317e2513d88e66c90499fb",
"text": "Eddie Perez (guitarist) Edward Anthony Perez ( born June 26 , 1968 in Los Angeles , California ) is an American guitarist and singer . He currently tours and records with The Mavericks after a long time of being on tour with Dwight Yoakam . Perez joined the Grammy award-winning , multi-platinum band The Mavericks as a member in 2003 . He has also played with other notable artists such as James Intveld , Connie Smith , Jim Lauderdale , Miranda Lambert , Lee Ann Womack , Gary Allan and Kim Richey . In addition to his work with The Mavericks , he has worked with Mavericks ' lead singer , Raul Malo , on his solo projects , including the Peter Asher-produced record , You 're Only Lonely . He can be seen on the DVDs The Mavericks - Live in Austin , Texas , as well as the DVD Return to Sin City : A Tribute to Gram Parsons . He also appears in CMT 's 100 Greatest Love Songs and CMT 's 100 Greatest Duets . Born in Los Angeles , Perez grew up listening to rock guitarists of the 1970s and 1980s . `` My heroes were Jimmy Page , Jeff Beck , Van Halen and Ace Frehley , '' Perez told the Pittsburgh City Paper in June 2016 . `` Everything a big-eyed boy would find fascinating about rock 'n' roll , that was me . I was 12 years old and my father took me to see ZZ Top and it blew my mind . I was never the same after that . '' Perez began playing in bands at the age of 13 and discovered Honky Tonk music when he first heard `` Guitars and Cadillacs '' by Dwight Yoakam , with whom he would later perform . `` Hearing that really turned me around and it gave me a focus . From then on I started to learn everything I could about that music . But then I also had that rock 'n' roll background , too . '' In 2003 , Perez replaced Nick Kane in the Mavericks , just a short time before the band broke up . A consummate showman , Perez is known for his flair on stage both in his dress and in his stage movements . `` You would n't think that an influence of Jimmy Page or Angus Young of AC/DC would fit into the Mavericks , but somehow it does , '' Perez says of his stage presence . `` When I 'm on stage , I show up to give a performance because that 's what I would want to see . You dig what I 'm saying ? I 'm not so much thinking it as much as I 'm feeling it . I try to get to the most real , honest place that I can within each song . What I 'm doing on stage is a visual to what that sound feels like to me . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df0169e4f9adf1cecb25780d51ae88c8",
"text": "Black (Pearl Jam song) `` Black '' is a power ballad by the American rock band Pearl Jam . The song is the fifth track on the band 's debut album , Ten ( 1991 ) . Featuring lyrics written by vocalist Eddie Vedder and music written by guitarist Stone Gossard , `` Black '' is about Vedder 's ex-girlfriend . Notably , following the band 's 1992 MTV Unplugged performance , Vedder now renders the lyric `` we belong together '' in `` Black '' as `` we do n't belong together '' indicating his moving on from the relationship and being content with how it ended . After Ten became a commercial success in 1992 , Pearl Jam 's record label Epic Records urged the group to release the song as a single . The band refused , citing the song 's personal nature . Despite the lack of a commercial single release , the song managed to reach number three on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart . Remixed versions of the song were included on Pearl Jam 's 2004 greatest hits album , Rearviewmirror , and the 2009 Ten reissue . It has gone on to become one of the band 's most popular songs , as well as a fan favorite .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc08468ce23f246260c7634c2ab35b09",
"text": "Pescara Jazz Pescara Jazz is the name of an international jazz festival that takes place every year in July at Pescara , Italy . When it started in 1969 it was the first Italian summer festival dedicated to jazz music , and it is one of the most important in Europe . In 2009 the 37th edition of the festival to place . It has been going on continuously since 1981 , with a five year hiatus . The festival has hosted all the greatest names of jazz music : Pescara 's audience have had the pleasure to listen at the music of , among others , Philly Joe Jones , Larry Vuckovich , Duke Ellington , Miles Davis , Ella Fitzgerald , Louis Armstrong , Sarah Vaughan , Charles Mingus , Woody Herman , Oscar Peterson , Dave Brubeck , Chet Baker , Wayne Shorter until the most recent performances of Natalie Cole , Chick Corea , Keith Jarrett , Herbie Hancock , Pat Metheny , Stan Getz . Furthermore , through the years , Pescara jazz festival has welcomed different musical styles , seeking to explore the work of musicians of great appeal but also with a high quality , as Paco de Lucia , Burt Bacharach , Joan Baez , Bob Dylan , Al Jarreau , Caetano Veloso , James Taylor , Ástor Piazzolla , Gary Burton .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0acefc245cb816947db8f1b7ede772b1 | Tokyo Ghoul (film) is a Japanese film. | [
{
"docid": "0f5de1f72af77fa3f86de0014f1645e3",
"text": "Tokyo Ghoul (film) Tokyo Ghoul is an upcoming Japanese dark fantasy action horror film based on the manga series Tokyo Ghoul by Sui Ishida . The film is directed by Kentarō Hagiwara and stars Masataka Kubota as Ken Kaneki and Fumika Shimizu as Tōka Kirishima . It is scheduled for release in Japan by Shochiku in the 29 July 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3c60d522050cab39166e37b0978d55cd",
"text": "Tsutomu Hanabusa is a Japanese film director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9237d9df40ab235be999b2bd2442fb7",
"text": "Zegen is a 1987 Japanese black comedy film by director Shohei Imamura . It was entered into the 1987 Cannes Film Festival . The film was selected as the Japanese entry for the Best Foreign Language Film at the 60th Academy Awards , but was not accepted as a nominee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91db97ce629c4218819e79675c99890e",
"text": "Mothra vs. Godzilla is a 1964 Japanese science fiction film directed by Ishiro Honda . It is the fourth film in the Godzilla film series and stars Akira Takarada , Kenji Sahara and Hiroshi Koizumi , and Haruo Nakajima as Godzilla . The film had a 200 million yen budget , approximately twice that of the original Godzilla film . On its release in the United States , the film was re-titled Godzilla vs. the Thing with some small edits involving scenes being shortened and a scene involving the American military added .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08fdfc65354bf9d145fef9c37eca15d6",
"text": "Hong Kong Paradise is a 1990 Japanese film directed by Shūsuke Kaneko . Actress Yuki Saito won the Best Actress award at the Yokohama Film Festival for her performance in this film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4cca1a7c159cf8d323c9f35426df0a51",
"text": "Psycho-Pass: The Movie is a 2015 Japanese anime science fiction crime film by Production I.G and ran in over 100 theatres . It premiered in Japan on January 9 , 2015 . The plot involves the appearances of terrorists in Japan . It is directed by Naoyoshi Shiotani whereas the chief director is Katsuyuki Motohiro . Gen Urobuchi and Makoto Fukami contributed together as the film 's writers . The film has been licensed by Funimation Entertainment and had a limited theatrical release in the United States on March 15 -- 16 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c69770b7a001aff5f78987552d532e2",
"text": "Tomie vs Tomie is a 2007 Japanese horror film directed by Tomohiro Kubo . It is the seventh installment of the Tomie film series , based on a manga series of the same name by Junji Ito , specifically The Gathering chapter from the third volume .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea489142b1556c5022d1af67869365a8",
"text": "Tokyo March is a 1929 black and white Japanese silent film , originally presented with benshi accompaniment , directed by Kenji Mizoguchi . It is a classic melodramatic love tragedy addressing social inequality in modern Japan , depicted in Mizoguchi 's typical style . The theme song `` Tokyo March '' was originally sung by Chiyako Sato .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe94d3877e3f88628373acdb6c62ed7b",
"text": "Octopus (1998 film) Octopus is a 1998 Japanese horror film directed by Gou Suzuki , about a serial killer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "635c68a8315d4c41c0cbecdb4b737e2a",
"text": "Tokyo Twilight is a 1957 Japanese drama film by Yasujirō Ozu . It is the story of two sisters ( played by Ineko Arima and Ozu regular Setsuko Hara ) who are reunited with a mother who left them as children . The film is considered amongst Ozu 's darkest postwar films ; it is well received though lesser known .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a7e598023e5f5bed0c3a4b9f41485a7",
"text": "Gokusen: The Movie is a 2009 Japanese film based on manga series Gokusen . It was directed by Tōya Satō who also directed live-action version of Kaiji . This film is the sequel to the television drama Gokusen season 3 , and the last of the series . This film has action , comedy and drama just like the tv series . It was released on July 11 , 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33ce1107f5d952ef709ccffc5473306c",
"text": "Kazuki Ōmori is a Japanese film director and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a5726af2a2b54a15602e34e6c524069",
"text": "Toho is a Japanese film , theater production , and distribution company . It has its headquarters in Yūrakuchō , Chiyoda , Tokyo , and is one of the core companies of the Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group . Outside Japan , it is best known as the producer and distributor of many kaiju and tokusatsu films , the Chouseishin tokusatsu superhero television franchise , the films of Akira Kurosawa , and the anime films of Studio Ghibli . Other famous directors , including Yasujirō Ozu , Kenji Mizoguchi , Masaki Kobayashi , and Mikio Naruse , also directed films for Toho . Toho 's most famous creation is Godzilla , who features in 29 of the company 's films . Godzilla , Rodan , Mothra , King Ghidorah and Mechagodzilla are described as Toho 's Big Five because of the monsters ' numerous appearances in all three eras of the franchise , as well as spin-offs . Toho has also been involved in the production of numerous anime titles . Its subdivisions are Toho-Towa Distribution , Toho Pictures Incorporated , Toho International Company Limited , Toho E. B. Company Limited , and Toho Music Corporation & Toho Costume Company Limited . The company is the largest shareholder ( 7.96 % ) of Fuji Media Holdings Inc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a385f30cf96155250c6896dfe5604d49",
"text": "Gamera Gamera is a fictional giant monster or kaiju originating from a series of Japanese tokusatsu films of the same name . He first appeared in Daiei Film 's 1965 film Gamera : The Giant Monster , which was initially produced to rival the success of Toho 's Godzilla ; however , Gamera has gained fame and notoriety as a Japanese icon in his own right . The character has appeared in other media such as comic books and video games . In the United States , Gamera attained prominence during the 1970s due to the burgeoning popularity of UHF television stations featuring Saturday afternoon matinee showcases like Creature Double Feature and later in the 1990s when five Gamera films were featured on the TV show Mystery Science Theater 3000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4cf5463f79d83bc068344eb9d400154",
"text": "Double Suicide is a 1969 film directed by Masahiro Shinoda . It is based on the 1721 play The Love Suicides at Amijima by Monzaemon Chikamatsu . This play is often performed in the bunraku style ( that is , with puppets ) . In the film , the story is performed with live actors , but also makes use of Japanese theatrical traditions such as the kuroko ( stagehands dressed entirely in black ) who invisibly interact with the actors , and the set is non-realist . The film opens with the preparations by the kuroko for a modern-day presentation of a puppet play while a voice-over is heard of someone , presumably the director , calling on the telephone to find a location for the penultimate scene of the lovers ' suicide . Soon human actors are substituted for the puppets , and the action proceeds in a naturalistic fashion , until from time to time the kuroko intervene to accomplish scene shifts or heighten the dramatic intensity of the two lovers ' resolve to be united in death . The stylized sets and the period costumes and props simultaneously convey a classical theatricality and contemporaneous modernity . Jihei 's fatal love interest , Koharu the prostitute , and his neglected wife , Osan , are both played by actress Shima Iwashita . This film was released on DVD in Japanese with English subtitles in Region 1 on 30 January 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1430f8f8951459f5c96569e94ba8692",
"text": "Takeru Shibaki is a Japanese actor and voice actor from Tokyo . He is best known for his role as Kai Samezu/GaoBlue in the Super Sentai series Hyakujuu Sentai Gaoranger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b9a79d47cc6d952d073a908b9e4716e",
"text": "Shimajirō to Ōkina Ki is a 2015 Japanese children 's live action/anime film . It 's the third film to feature the character Shimajirō . The theme song of the film is `` Hana no Nioi '' by Chara . The first part of the film is in live action and the second is animated . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d72361413d291ff7726fa3eaf2f963a7",
"text": "Kikoku is a Japanese yakuza film directed by Takashi Miike . The film reunites Miike with Riki Takeuchi , who stars as the main character .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f79f56cd5c557d438ba24527ad77c733",
"text": "Osaka Tough Guys is a 1995 action film directed by Takashi Miike . The story is about two high school boys who happen to get involved in the yakuza .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a611843cb55c15506399f8afe2175d2d",
"text": "Takuya Ishida is a Japanese actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df24036d3feec8d03512a1fb5cd28bef",
"text": "The Vampire Doll is a 1970 Japanese horror film directed by Michio Yamamoto . It was also known as Night of the Vampire ( international title ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
c3b4156a278f583bf7dd653fa49b2c57 | Briana Banks is a pornographic American. | [
{
"docid": "65a4347c1b6b012f81fb5975de0feca6",
"text": "Briana Banks Briana Banks ( born May 21 , 1978 ) is the stage name of a German American pornographic actress and model . She is the Penthouse Pet of the Month for June 2001 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6cced2e1e961545654a6acd8d6facbe4",
"text": "Devon (actress) Devon ( born March 28 , 1977 ) is the stage name of an American pornographic actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c4c074a36eb8b8180887dea3a58270d",
"text": "T. T. Boy T. T. Boy ( born Phillip Troy Rivera , in Puerto Rico April 30 , 1968 ) is the stage name of an American pornographic performer who has appeared in over 1500 adult videos . He made his adult-video debut in 1989 , twice won the XRCO Male Performer of the Year award , and was named the 1996 AVN Performer of the Year . In 2000 , Boy was elected to the XRCO Hall of Fame . He has worked under such names as T.T. Boyd , Max Reynolds , Max Cash , and Butch . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "305c7a4c39488a6e66f5aaef7e8ca56a",
"text": "Brianna Love Brianna Love ( born March 14 , 1985 ) is the stage name of an American former pornographic actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3eb06b577be904c25e50a96741976602",
"text": "Monique Alexander Monique Alexander ( born May 26 , 1982 ) is an American pornographic actress , nude model , and 2017 AVN Hall of Fame inductee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3afd3b0777fc20fb878c4474b0aa8a2",
"text": "Danica Dillon Ashley Stamm-Northup ( born January 4 , 1987 ) better known by her stage name Danica Dillon is an American pornographic actress who debuted in 2009 and then went on to appear in mainstream ( non-adult ) roles in cable television movies . Dillon is also a featured dancer at men 's clubs and is a featured guest on radio and podcast shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "363a73dbaeef6dfc303756bb2e521ebc",
"text": "Barely Legal (Banksy) '' ` Barely Legal '' was a show by graffiti artist Banksy , held in an industrial warehouse in Los Angeles , California in 2006 . The free show was held over the weekend of the 16th September 2006 . Part of the exhibition was a 37-year old Indian elephant which was painted to match the wallpaper in the room it was placed . As the show was meant to address important issues such as poverty , which is ignored by most people , the animal refers to the metaphor of the elephant in the room . While in Los Angeles the artist also targeted Disneyland in Anaheim , where he left a figure dressed up as a prisoner from the Guantanamo Bay detention camp behind on one of the rides . Meant to draw attention to the situation in the camp , where several months earlier three inmates had committed suicide , it was taken down after approximately 90 minutes . A video of the artist placing the figure in the theme park could also be seen at the exhibition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04e18638ec59f5b6ee98a43a06d73fce",
"text": "Taija Rae Taija Rae is the pseudonym of an American former pornographic actress and model who was one of the most popular pornographic actresses of the late-1980s . She is sometimes credited as Tanja Rae , Taja Rea , Taija Rea , or Taija Ray .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09867467db38c0e2db0423bb66ec286f",
"text": "10th AVN Awards The 10th AVN Awards ceremony , presented by Adult Video News ( AVN ) , honored pornographic films released in 1992 in the United States and took place in January 1993 , at Bally 's Hotel and Casino in Paradise , Nevada . During the ceremony , AVN presented AVN Awards in 67 categories . The ceremony was produced by Gary Miller and directed by S. Marco DiMercurio . Actor Randy West hosted the show for the second consecutive year , with actresses Porsche Lynn and Ona Zee as co-hosts . The Party won eight AVN awards but Best Film went to Face Dance , Parts 1 & 2 , which also won Best Director -- Film for John Stagliano .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9d9428b0f2afde77275d0c42b57a99a",
"text": "Pornographic parody film A pornographic parody film is a subgenre of the pornographic film industry genre where the basis for the production 's story or plotline is the parody of a mainstream television show , feature film , public figure , video game or literary works . This subgenre also includes parody of historical or contemporary events such as political scandals . The subgenre has gained acceptance by the adult industry to the extent that major awards are presented in this category by organizations such as AVN and XRCO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7097a11ecb15cb40f1417875918d989",
"text": "Hibiki Ōtsuki is a Japanese pornographic film actress who was active in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5ce21e10095ed025886cf0dad25cfc",
"text": "Stephanie Swift Stephanie Swift ( born February 7 , 1972 ) is a former American pornographic actress who starred in over 300 adult movies between 1995 and 2009 , when she was diagnosed with breast cancer and left the industry . She is a member of both the AVN and XRCO Halls of Fame . Swift now works with XXXchurch.com , a Christian outreach group that offers to help pornographic actors leave the industry and help compulsive porn users overcome their porn addiction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53341abcf654b9bdc7c0523fb8f99c21",
"text": "Erotic comics Erotic comics are adult comics which focus substantially on nudity and sexual activity , either for their own sake or as a major story element . As such they are usually not permitted to be sold to legal minors . Like other genres of comics , they can consist of single panels , short comic strips , comic books , or graphic novels/albums . Although never a mainstream genre , they have existed as a niche alongside -- but usually separate from -- other genres of comics . During the mid-twentieth century , most comics were produced for children , and in North America the contents of most comics were constrained by the Comics Code Authority to be suitable for children . Consequently erotic comics have sometimes been subject to criticism and extra scrutiny compared to other forms of erotic art and storytelling . Additionally , the application of laws against child pornography to materials featuring fictional characters with no legal ages , have varied internationally .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59c0bcabf39bcaf06d2e6f27b222172b",
"text": "Jessa Rhodes Jessa Rhodes ( born June 29 , 1993 ) is an American pornographic actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92ed858c2bc4352fe6bcbf846ce480f1",
"text": "Tanner Mayes Tanner Mayes ( born May 31 , 1989 ) , stage name of Jillian Courtney Glover , is an American pornographic actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c565b9efc221fcf7f2ae9d28f01f63ec",
"text": "Jennifer Welles Jennifer Welles ( born March 15 , 1937 ) is an American former pornographic actress in films of the 1970s , although she began her acting career in the late 1960s in the softcore sexploitation genre films produced in New York . Some of these include : Sex by Advertisement ( 1967 ) , Career Bed , Submission , and This Sporting House , by pornographic film director Henri Pachard ( all from 1969 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64d8d9639cfe3874f0488ef7ebb59d53",
"text": "Religious views on pornography Religious views on pornography are based on broader religious views on modesty , human dignity , sexuality and other virtues which may reflect negatively on pornography . Different religious groups view pornography and sexuality differently . People who identify themselves as very religious and consume porn are more likely to consider themselves as addicted to porn ( an addiction that is not recognized in the physiatric handbook DSM-V ) than a non-religious reference group according to a 2013 study , but no connection between level of religious devotion and amount of porn consumed was shown in that study .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4eac4db8b2ebbcff531fbff2cc9b17f",
"text": "Mike John Mike John is the pseudonym of an American pornographic movie producer , director , and actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96",
"text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0c08cbc057f0a18cdfc57badcf53f35a",
"text": "Bonnie Rotten Bonnie Rotten is the stage name of Alaina Hicks ( born May 9 , 1993 ) , an American pornographic actress , feature dancer , fetish model , director , and producer . She has been nominated for and has won many awards for her pornographic endeavors . In 2014 , she became the first alt porn star to win the AVN Award for Female Performer of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a068341202eddd6e67ba7fe92589e349",
"text": "Amateur pornography Amateur pornography is a category of pornography that features models , actors or non-professionals performing without pay , or actors for whom this material is not their only paid modeling work . Reality pornography is professionally made porn which seeks to emulate the style of amateur pornography . Amateur porn has been called one of the most profitable and long-lasting genres of pornography .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
51be0ffb5fdcf7868316d658e355a8e2 | There has been an appearance by Alicia Keys in The Secret Life of Bees. | [
{
"docid": "5382e0f11b63ba7e111ec44004c9b33c",
"text": "Alicia Keys Alicia Augello Cook ( born January 25 , 1981 ) , known professionally as Alicia Keys , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , pianist and actress . Keys released her debut album with J Records , having had previous record deals first with Columbia and then Arista Records . Keys ' debut album , Songs in A Minor was released in 2001 , producing her first Billboard Hot 100 number-one single `` Fallin ' '' , and selling over 12 million copies worldwide . The album earned Keys five Grammy Awards in 2002 . Her sophomore album , The Diary of Alicia Keys , was released in 2003 , spawning successful singles `` You Do n't Know My Name '' , `` If I Ai n't Got You '' and `` Diary '' , and selling 8 million copies worldwide . The duet song `` My Boo '' with Usher scored her a second number-one single in 2004 . The album garnered her an additional four Grammy Awards in 2005 . Later that year , she released her first live album , Unplugged , becoming the first woman to have an MTV Unplugged album debut at number one . As I Am was released in 2007 , producing the Hot 100 number-one single `` No One '' , selling 5 million copies worldwide and earning an additional three Grammy Awards . The Element of Freedom was released in 2009 , becoming her first chart-topping album in the UK , and selling 4 million copies worldwide . Keys additionally collaborated with Jay Z on `` Empire State of Mind '' as her fourth number-one single , and won Best Rap/Sung Collaboration in 2010 . Girl on Fire was released in 2012 as her fifth Billboard 200 topping album , spawning the successful title track . Her second live album , VH1 Storytellers was released in 2013 . Here was released in 2016 , becoming her seventh R&B / Hip-Hop chart topping album Keys has won numerous awards such as 15 Grammy Awards and 17 NAACP Image Awards and has sold over 35 million albums and 30 million singles worldwide . Keys made her film debut in Smokin ' Aces and has also appeared in The Nanny Diaries and The Secret Life of Bees . Considered a pop icon , Billboard magazine named her the top R&B artist of the 2000s decade and placed her number 10 on their list of Top 50 R&B / Hip-Hop Artists of the Past 25 Years . VH1 included her on their 100 Greatest Artists of All Time list , while Time named her in their 100 list of most influential people in 2005 and 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c32048169a05348ab4844239175e3485",
"text": "We Gotta Pray `` We Got ta Pray '' is a song recorded by American recording artist Alicia Keys for her upcoming sixth studio album , originally planned for release in 2015 , now 2016 . A piano ballad , the song is regarded as Keys ' response to the police brutality controversies , namely the killings of Eric Garner and Michael Brown , that have caused nationwide protests in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e533f008ad8f45494716525c946631e",
"text": "Unees-Bees Unees-Bees is a 1980 Hindi-language Indian feature film directed by Swaroop Kumar , starring Mithun Chakraborty , Ranjeeta , Rakesh Roshan , Yogeeta Bali , Rita Bhaduri , Sujit Kumar and Jeevan.This was singer Udit Narayan 's first Bollywood movie as a playback singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7632d0751c8d95ecd63b92816c61e785",
"text": "Torch Song (1993 film) Torch Song ( also known as Judith Krantz 's Torch Song ) is a 1993 made-for-television drama film directed by Michael Miller , starring Raquel Welch , Jack Scalia and Alicia Silverstone . The film originally premiered on ABC on May 23 , 1993 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb404d9bcaec4563bc57b911d4ec398d",
"text": "Major Key (album) Major Key ( stylized as Major ð ''` ) is the ninth studio album by DJ Khaled . It was released on July 29 , 2016 , by We the Best Music Group and Epic Records . The album features guest appearances from Future , Big Sean , Rick Ross , Jay Z , Drake , Nas , Kendrick Lamar , Betty Wright , J. Cole , Bryson Tiller , Nicki Minaj , Chris Brown , August Alsina , Jeremih , Kodak Black , Jeezy , French Montana , YG , Yo Gotti , Gucci Mane , 2 Chainz , Jadakiss , Fabolous , Fat Joe , Busta Rhymes , Kent Jones , Travis Scott , Lil Wayne , Meghan Trainor , Wiz Khalifa , Wale and Mavad The album was supported by four singles , `` For Free '' , `` I Got the Keys '' , `` Holy Key '' and `` Do You Mind '' . Major Key received generally positive reviews from critics and debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 . The album was certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) in November 2016 . It received a Grammy nomination for Best Rap Album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c66cf90586efa0ab9f15e8ce8840f86b",
"text": "Blended Family (What You Do for Love) `` Blended Family ( What You Do for Love ) '' is a song by American recording artist Alicia Keys , featuring vocals from rapper ASAP Rocky . It was written by Keys , Rocky , John Bush , Brandon Aly , Tish Hyman , Dave Kuncio , Kenneth Withrow and Edie Brickell for her sixth studio album Here ( 2016 ) , while production was helmed by Keys and Mark Batson . The song refers to the former marriage of Keys ' husband Swizz Beats and musician Mashonda Tifrere . It was released on October 7 , 2016 by RCA Records . The music video , filmed in black-and-white , was released on November 11 , 2016 , and features both Keys and ASAP Rocky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "accd08886cabfbc80608175913a13a0d",
"text": "Alice Eve Alice Sophia Eve ( born 6 February 1982 ) is an English actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3435b76a83277a7d6f10a26e780206ed",
"text": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager (season 2) The second season of The Secret Life of the American Teenager , an American television series created by Brenda Hampton , debuted on the ABC Family television network on Monday , June 22 , 2009 at 8:00 PM . Season two regular cast members include Shailene Woodley , India Eisley , Daren Kagasoff , Francia Raisa , Kenny Baumann , Molly Ringwald , Mark Derwin , Megan Park , and Greg Finley II . Following the first season , Jorge Pallo and Luke Zimmerman were demoted to recurring guest stars . Jorge returned for a select number of episodes to wrap up his character 's storyline and eventually departed the series after its January return . Following the success of its first season , ABC Family announced on January 31 , 2009 , plans to renew Secret Life , following the cancellation of its hit sci-fi TV show , Kyle XY . The official press release was released on February 9 with ABC Family ordering 24 episodes for season two . Season 2 began with 12 episodes broadcast starting June 22 , 2009 . Though marketed as the season finale , the mid season finale aired on September 7 , 2009 , with the second half of the season returning on January 4 , 2010 . The second 12 episodes finished their run on March 22 , 2010 . The season premiere of Secret Life brought in the largest audience for the show so far , with a record breaking 4.68 million viewers . It brought in the second largest audience in adults 18-34 with 1.40 million viewers , behind season one 's mid-season finale . 2.10 million adults 18-49 watched `` The Big One '' along with 1.60 million females between the ages 18 -- 34 . The season premiere remains the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 in Adults 18-34 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 with more than three million viewers watching . The mid-season premiere also brought in the show 's second largest audience in total viewers , with more than 4.55 million people watching . This season , Amy Juergens must deal with juggling motherhood and high school , while her family and friends experience relationship challenges of their own .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8713a91e56d5a2eef96f2f365288ac97",
"text": "The Secret Policeman's Ball 2008 The Secret Policeman 's Ball 2008 was a show in the Secret Policeman 's Balls series of benefit shows for Amnesty International . In July 2008 , Amnesty announced that it would present another show in its long-running series Like its 2006 predecessor the show was a single-night live event at London 's Royal Albert Hall , on Saturday 4 October 2008 . In common with other recent Amnesty benefit shows , the majority of the performers were British ( or UK-based ) and well-known primarily only in Great Britain , the one Canadian comedian Russell Peters appeared via a pre-recorded video-tape . Performers who were listed to perform were : Frank Skinner Alan Carr Graham Norton Sean Lock Kristen Schaal Fearne Cotton Matt Berry Katherine Parkinson Mitchell and Webb Jason Manford Shappi Khorsandi Russell Howard Russell Peters ( via video-tape ) Katy Brand Tim Minchin Sarah Millican Kayvan Novak Meera Syal Sean Williamson Sharon Horgan Nick Mohammed Dan Clark David Armand Eddie Izzard Ed Byrne Deborah Meaden Jon Culshaw Gok Wan Michael Fenton Stevens Keane Razorlight The 3-hour event was video-taped and a 95-minute television special adapted from the show was broadcast the following day , Sunday 5 October 2008 , on Britain 's Channel Four . There was also a `` cinecast '' in which the Royal Albert Hall event was shown live in 35 cinemas in major British cities . It was also available live in 4 cinemas in Australia . The `` cinecast '' was available in cinemas in six of Canada 's thirteen provinces and territories . The Cineplex cinema chain made the film available on 50 of its 1,317 screens , however Amnesty and Cineplex did not announce the Canadian `` cinecast '' until Wednesday October 1 2008 , just three days before the screenings which did not allow time for the event to be effectively promoted in Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93882bcbf40c48e32f42886331563562",
"text": "Melissa Etheridge Melissa Lou Etheridge ( born May 29 , 1961 ) is an American singer-songwriter , guitarist , and activist . Her self-titled debut album Melissa Etheridge was released in 1988 and became an underground success . The album peaked at No. 22 on the Billboard 200 , and its lead single , `` Bring Me Some Water '' , garnered Etheridge her first Grammy Award nomination for Best Rock Vocal Performance , Female . In 1993 , Etheridge won her first Grammy award for her single `` Ai n't It Heavy '' from her third album , Never Enough . Later that year , she released what would become her mainstream breakthrough album , Yes I Am . Its tracks `` I 'm the Only One '' and `` Come to My Window '' both reached the top 30 in the United States , and the latter earned Etheridge her second Grammy award . Yes I Am peaked at No. 15 on the Billboard 200 , and spent 138 weeks on the chart , earning a RIAA certification of 6x Platinum , her largest to date . In October 2004 , Etheridge was diagnosed with breast cancer , and underwent surgery and chemotherapy . At the 2005 Grammy Awards , she made a return to the stage and , although bald from chemotherapy , performed a tribute to Janis Joplin with the song `` Piece of My Heart '' . Etheridge 's performance was widely lauded , with India.Arie writing `` I Am Not My Hair '' about Etheridge . Later that year , Etheridge released her first compilation album , Greatest Hits : The Road Less Traveled . The album was a success , peaking at No. 14 on the Billboard 200 , and going Gold almost immediately . Her latest studio album is This Is M.E. . Etheridge is known for her mixture of `` confessional lyrics , pop-based folk-rock , and raspy , smoky vocals . '' She has also been a gay and lesbian activist since her public coming out in January 1993 . She has received fifteen Grammy Award nominations throughout her career , winning two , in 1993 and 1995 , respectively . In 2007 , she won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` I Need to Wake Up '' from the film An Inconvenient Truth . In September 2011 , Etheridge received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12c07b57b12648d84f747e2d7ac7f150",
"text": "The Secret Life of the American Teenager The Secret Life of the American Teenager ( often shortened to Secret Life ) is an American teen drama television series created by Brenda Hampton . It first season aired on ABC Family on July 1 , 2008 and ran until June 3 , 2013 . The show was renewed for four additional seasons . The series received generally mixed reviews from mainstream critics when it began broadcasting , but was well received among female and teenage viewers . The pilot episode broke the record for the highest rated debut on ABC Family with 2.82 million viewers , a record previously held by Kyle XY . The season one finale brought in 4.50 million viewers , beating that night 's episode of Gossip Girl , which had less than half its usual number of viewers . Premiering to mostly positive reviews from critics and being well received among viewers , the second season of Secret Life opened with the largest audience for the series , posting a series high in total viewers with 4.68 million viewers ; in adults 18 -- 34 it was the number one scripted original premiere of Summer 2009 . Furthermore , the mid-season premiere became ABC Family 's most watched telecast of all time with viewers ages 12 -- 34 , with more than three million viewers watching . The show earned the Teen Choice Award for Choice Summer TV Show during its premiere season , and spawned a book entitled The Secret Diary of Ashley Juergens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d95cec440ce98a91532ee5b72b1d6c0",
"text": "Lily Allen Lily Rose Beatrice Cooper ( née Allen ; born 2 May 1985 ) , known professionally as Lily Allen , is an English singer , songwriter , actress , and television presenter . She is the daughter of actor Keith Allen and film producer Alison Owen . Allen left school when she was 15 and concentrated on improving her performing and compositional skills . In 2005 , she made some of her recordings public on Myspace and the publicity resulted in airplay on BBC Radio 1 and a contract with Regal Recordings . Her first mainstream single , `` Smile '' , reached number one on the UK Singles Chart in July 2006 . Her debut record , Alright , Still , was well received , selling over 2.6 million copies worldwide and brought Allen a nomination at the Grammy Awards , Brit Awards and MTV Video Music Awards . She began hosting her own talk-show , Lily Allen and Friends , on BBC Three . Her second studio album , It 's Not Me , It 's You , saw a genre shift , having more of an electropop feel , rather than the ska and reggae influences of the first one . The album debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and the Australian ARIA Charts and was well received by critics , noting the singer 's musical evolution and maturity . It spawned the hit singles `` The Fear '' and `` Fuck You '' . This success saw her receive the Brit Award for British Female Solo Artist at the 2010 Brit Awards . Allen and Amy Winehouse were credited with starting a process that led to the `` year of the women '' media label in 2009 that saw five female artists making music of `` experimentalism and fearlessness '' nominated for the Mercury Prize . In 2009 , Allen announced that she would be taking a hiatus from musical activities . In 2011 , she launched her own record label . In 2013 , Allen revealed that she had begun working on her third studio album , which was later titled Sheezus . On 12 November 2013 , Allen premiered the video for her first original song since 2009 , `` Hard out Here '' , which was released as a single five days later .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a028d29c676aa945e0e3ecd4aa13bbbd",
"text": "Queen Latifah Dana Elaine Owens ( born March 18 , 1970 ) , known professionally by her stage name Queen Latifah , is an American rapper , songwriter , singer , actress , model , television producer , record producer , and talk show host . Born in Newark , New Jersey , she signed with Tommy Boy Records in 1989 and released her debut album All Hail the Queen the same year , featuring the hit single `` Ladies First '' . Her second album , Nature of a Sista ( 1991 ) , was her final album with Tommy Boy Records . Latifah starred as Khadijah James on the FOX sitcom Living Single , from 1993 to 1998 . Her third album Black Reign ( 1993 ) , spawned the single `` U.N.I.T.Y. '' , which won a Grammy Award and was successful on the Billboard Hot 100 . She then starred in the lead role of Set It Off ( 1996 ) and released her fourth album , Order in the Court , in 1998 , with Motown Records . Latifah gained mainstream success and acclaim with her performance in the film Chicago ( 2002 ) , receiving an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . Latifah released her fifth album The Dana Owens Album in 2004 , and has since appeared in a number of films , such as Bringing Down the House ( 2003 ) , Taxi ( 2004 ) , Barbershop 2 : Back in Business ( 2005 ) , Beauty Shop ( 2005 ) , Last Holiday ( 2006 ) , Hairspray ( 2007 ) and Joyful Noise ( 2012 ) . In 2007 and 2009 , she released two more studio albums -- Trav ` lin ' Light and Persona . She created the daytime talk show The Queen Latifah Show , which ran from late 2013 to early 2015 on CBS . Latifah received critical acclaim for her portrayal of blues singer Bessie Smith in the HBO film Bessie ( 2015 ) , which she co-produced , winning the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Television Movie . She has long been considered one of hip-hop 's pioneer feminists . Queen Latifah received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2006 . Latifah 's work in music , film and television has earned her a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , a Golden Globe award , three Screen Actors Guild Awards , two NAACP Image Awards , an Academy Award nomination and sales of over two million records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56e56f38be0ccba7d9301a7ea26523ce",
"text": "Alicia Endemann Alicia Endemann ( born 15 December 1988 , Hamburg ) is a German actress , beauty queen and model . She represented Germany in Miss Universe 2012 . Endemann , whose parents are both actors , has also taken up acting . She starred in 364 episodes of the Nickelodeon television series , Das Haus Anubis , as Luzy Rosaline Schoppa between 2009 and 2012 . In 2013 she starred in the television drama Danni Lowinski , as a German lawyer Claudia . She speaks five languages and has studied Marketing and Management at college in Antwerp , Belgium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e6be2d160f876f0e4dbd3c2c973dd0d",
"text": "Nona Gaye Nona Marvisa Gaye ( born September 4 , 1974 ) is an American singer , former fashion model , and actress . The daughter of late soul music legend Marvin Gaye and granddaughter of jazz great Slim Gaillard , she began her career as a vocalist in the early 1990s . As an actress , she is best known for her portrayal of Zee in the 2003 science fiction films , The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c465f9df3c4f6d402563f7631f1de37",
"text": "I Am... World Tour I Am ... World Tour ( sometimes referred to as the I Am ... Tour ) was the fourth concert tour by American recording artist Beyoncé . It was launched in support of her third studio album , I Am ... Sasha Fierce ( 2008 ) . The tour was announced in October 2008 and the first dates were revealed in December 2008 . It kicked off in late-March 2009 with five rehearsal shows in North America , officially commencing in late April 2009 . The tour visited the Americas , Europe , Asia , Africa , and Australia with 108 shows in total . Preparations for the shows began eight months prior to the beginning of the tour with twelve-hour rehearsals for two months . Knowles described the shows as her best and most theatrical from all of her tours . Pre-concert food drives were held during several stops of the I Am ... World Tour as part of a campaign by General Mills ' Hamburger Helper entitled , `` Show Your Helping Hand '' where fans were asked to bring food during the concerts . The set list for the concerts included songs from Knowles ' three studio albums as well as several covers of other artists and a Destiny 's Child medley . The central theme of the tour was to showcase the difference between Knowles ' dual personality ; her emotional side and her onstage persona , Sasha Fierce which was also demonstrated in the dual album I Am ... Sasha Fierce . The show featured two stages -- the main one and a smaller B-stage where Knowles was transferred during the middle of the show . She was backed by an all-female band , female background dancers and a big LED screen . Thierry Mugler collaborated with Knowles on the costumes and had a creative advisor role further working on the choreography , lighting and production . Chris March made the costumes usable for stage and helped in their making . For the ballads , Knowles wore longer dresses while for the performances of the up-tempo songs , more make-up and more revealing outfits were worn . The fashion and Knowles ' look and figure received praise from critics . I Am ... World Tour received critical acclaim from music critics who praised Knowles ' performance abilities calling her the best female performer and chose the performances of `` Ave Maria '' , `` Listen '' and `` At Last '' as highlights during the shows . A concert in Malaysia was cancelled by Knowles after several Muslim groups tried to ban it although she agreed to tone down her look according to the country 's standards . The tour was commercially successful grossing $ 86.0 million from 93 shows in total . Separate performances of several songs were broadcast on different channels and two concerts were released as live albums ; the live performance at the I Am ... Yours revue was released in a CD/DVD format in 2009 and footage of the tour was released on an eponymous titled live album in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eb038aba46a8618514233fac6d1f668",
"text": "Freddie Lee Peterkin Freddie Lee Peterkin , also known as Freddie Lee , is a published author , singer -- songwriter , actor and ordained interdenominational Minister , born in Pahokee , Florida . He is known for his gritty power soul vocals reminiscent of Bobby Womack . He has become an artist of public note through his 2008 independent release of the Soul and Gospel album Beyond Comprehension under the recording name of Freddie Lee . He made his prime time acting debut as `` DJ Freddie Murphy '' on Channel 4 's T4 Stars & Strikes and as a character in BBC2 's Grumpy Guide to Work in 2011 . He was also the voice for Bewiser Owl in the Bewiser Insurance TV commercial in 2012 and 2013 . He established himself in the live entertainment industry with his choreographed costume Soul Tribute stage productions for theatres and resorts in 1991 . These critically acclaimed shows include The Sounds of the Four Tops , The Sounds of the Drifters and The Sounds of the Temptations . Freddie Lee Peterkin is also a member of Alpha Phi Alpha Fraternity , Delta Psi Chapter a Fraternity known for members such as Martin Luther King . This historic organization was the first inter-collegiate Greek-letter organization established for Black college students founded on December 4 , 1906 . Peterkin was responsible for composing many Delta Psi Chapter fraternity anthems such as ' I Know I 've Been Changed ' written in 1985 while he was pledging . He was also a dancer and choreographer of the Delta Psi Chapter 's ` Step Shows ' . Stepping ( African-American ) or step-dancing is a form of percussive dance in which the participant 's entire body is used as an instrument to produce complex rhythms and sounds through a mixture of footsteps , spoken word , and hand claps and a strong part of Black Greek Letter Fraternities . Peterkin is the son of migrant workers originally from Georgia who came to Florida to pick crops for a living . He is of African and Seminole Indian heritage . His stepfather , James Elijah Jr. , was the lead vocalist of the 1960s and 1970s gospel group , The Royal Lights . His sister Breyona Elijah is part of the gospel group James Smith & Nu Birth and they are both cousins of Gospel group Damali . His mother Bernice Bell is also a singer and as a child won a competition to write a song for Joe Tex , for which she was awarded concert tickets and a chance to meet her idol . Joe Tex went on to have a major hit with the song but Bernice remained uncredited . Bernice Bell has been more recently recognized for her charity work and ran youth programs in Pahokee 's Padgett Island Community Center for 17 years and donating hot meals to Pahokee 's underprivileged children . The community center was recently renamed `` The Bernice Bell Community Center '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "373ef38bafef6c92d426c4271e4ab1ce",
"text": "Bridget Vreeland Bridget `` Bee '' Vreeland is a main character in the 2001 novel The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants . She is portrayed by Blake Lively in the 2005 film adaptation of the first book , and the 2008 sequel , The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "338e77737716e3d8eb363a58ab292763",
"text": "Fergie (singer) Fergie Duhamel ( -LSB- ˈfɜːrɡi_dəˈmɛl -RSB- ) ( born Stacy Ann Ferguson ; March 27 , 1975 ) is an American singer , songwriter and actress . She was the female vocalist for the hip hop group The Black Eyed Peas from 2002 until 2017 , with whom she had achieved chart success worldwide . Her debut solo album The Dutchess ( 2006 ) was a major commercial success on the charts and spawned three Billboard Hot 100 number one singles ; `` London Bridge '' , `` Glamorous '' and `` Big Girls Do n't Cry '' . Ferguson was a member of the children 's television series Kids Incorporated and the girl group Wild Orchid . In 2001 , she left the group and in the subsequent year began to team up with The Black Eyed Peas . With The Black Eyed Peas , she enjoyed a series of hits and albums before she released her solo debut album in September 2006 to success . The Black Eyed Peas enjoyed further success with the release of their third album with Ferguson , The E.N.D. ( 2009 ) ; they attained their first string of Billboard Hot 100 number one songs . She began touring in 2009/2010 with her group and she launched her debut fragrance , Outspoken , under Avon in May 2010 and has since released three more fragrances . She continued success with The Black Eyed Peas and they released the album The Beginning ( 2010 ) , which featured three singles , including two number one songs . As Ferguson 's five solo singles and six singles with The Black Eyed Peas have reached two million downloads in the United States , Ferguson was the artist with the most two-million sellers by the beginning of 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd852971cc9207b09ec8904bdad0f7f7",
"text": "Unplugged (Alicia Keys album) Unplugged is the first live album ( third overall ) by American recording artist Alicia Keys . It was recorded as part of the television program MTV Unplugged on July 4 , 2005 at the Brooklyn Academy of Music in Brooklyn , New York City , and released in the United States on October 11 , 2005 by J Records , including songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys . The album debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at number one , with first-week sales of 196,000 copies in the US . and over 245,000 copies worldwide -- the highest debut for an MTV Unplugged album since Nirvana 's 1994 MTV Unplugged in New York and the first Unplugged by a female artist to debut at number one . The album has sold over one million copies in the United States and over 2.5 million copies worldwide . Additionally , it received four nominations for the 2006 Grammy Awards , including Best R&B Album . The first single released from the album was `` Unbreakable '' , which peaked at number thirty-four on the US Billboard Hot 100 and number four on the US Hot R&B / Hip-Hop Songs . The second single , `` Every Little Bit Hurts '' , was released in January 2006 . The video premiered on January 17 on BET 's 106 & Park . The album and DVD includes songs from her multi-platinum albums Songs in A Minor and The Diary of Alicia Keys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "967e7614b0f9f2486d648bed6d050fd4",
"text": "Urban beekeeping Urban beekeeping is the practice of keeping bee colonies in urban areas . It may also be referred to as hobby beekeeping or backyard beekeeping . Bees from city apiaries are said to be `` healthier and more productive than their country cousins '' . Their presence also provides cities with environmental and economic benefits . Most cities in North America at one time prohibited the keeping of bees , but in recent years beekeepers have had success in overturning bee bans . Bees pollinate a wide variety of plants , and the honey they produce is often sold to local restaurants and in local shops . Many urban areas now regulate beekeeping , and while registering beehives is often mandatory , a high proportion of urban beekeepers fail to inform the city . The popularity of urban beekeeping was growing rapidly c. 2012 perhaps due to its inclusion in the local food movement . Between 1999 and 2012 , London saw a 220 % increase in beekeepers . The number of urban beehives varies greatly from city to city , and official counts may be inaccurate as hives are often not registered . As cities have limited greenspaces , the increasing popularity of the hobby may lead to lower honey yields as has been reported in London and New York City . According to a 2015 research study , urban environments favor viability and transmission of some disease agents that affect honey bees and may be a contributing factor to their diseases . Besides upset urbanites complaining of numerous painful stings , another problem created by a surfeit of bees is swarming , when a queen leaves an overcrowded colony with a retinue of workers to start her own .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9f36dccd89b4da444df86baac48cb0bd | The Philippines is democratic. | [
{
"docid": "fa533430ec06f81a59d6a8b90f152528",
"text": "Philippines The Philippines ( -LSB- ˈfɪlᵻpiːnz -RSB- Pilipinas -LSB- ˌpɪlɪˈpinɐs -RSB- ) , officially the Republic of the Philippines ( -LSB- Republika ng Pilipinas , links = no -RSB- ) , is a sovereign island country in Southeast Asia situated in the western Pacific Ocean . It consists of about 7,641 islands that are categorized broadly under three main geographical divisions from north to south : Luzon , Visayas , and Mindanao . The capital city of the Philippines is Manila and the most populous city is Quezon City , both part of Metro Manila . Bounded by the South China Sea on the west , the Philippine Sea on the east and the Celebes Sea on the southwest , the Philippines shares maritime borders with Taiwan to the north , Vietnam to the west , Palau to the east and Malaysia and Indonesia to the south . The Philippines ' location on the Pacific Ring of Fire and close to the equator makes the Philippines prone to earthquakes and typhoons , but also endows it with abundant natural resources and some of the world 's greatest biodiversity . The Philippines has an area of 300000 km2 , and a population of approximately 100 million . It is the eighth-most populated country in Asia and the 12th most populated country in the world . , approximately 10 million additional Filipinos lived overseas , comprising one of the world 's largest diasporas . Multiple ethnicities and cultures are found throughout the islands . In prehistoric times , Negritos were some of the archipelago 's earliest inhabitants . They were followed by successive waves of Austronesian peoples . Exchanges with Chinese , Malay , Indian , and Islamic nations occurred . Then , various competing maritime states were established under the rule of Datus , Rajahs , Sultans or Lakans . The arrival of Ferdinand Magellan in Homonhon , Eastern Samar in 1521 marked the beginning of Hispanic colonization . In 1543 , Spanish explorer Ruy López de Villalobos named the archipelago Las Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain . With the arrival of Miguel López de Legazpi from Mexico City , in 1565 , the first Hispanic settlement in the archipelago was established . The Philippines became part of the Spanish Empire for more than 300 years . This resulted in Roman Catholicism becoming the dominant religion . During this time , Manila became the western hub of the trans-Pacific trade connecting Asia with Acapulco in the Americas using Manila galleons . As the 19th century gave way to the 20th , there followed in quick succession the Philippine Revolution , which spawned the short-lived First Philippine Republic , followed by the bloody Philippine -- American War of conquest by US military force . Aside from the period of Japanese occupation , the United States retained sovereignty over the islands until after World War II , when the Philippines was recognized as an independent nation . Since then , the Philippines has often had a tumultuous experience with democracy , which included the overthrow of a dictatorship by a non-violent revolution . It is a founding member of the United Nations , World Trade Organization , Association of Southeast Asian Nations , the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation forum , and the East Asia Summit . It also hosts the headquarters of the Asian Development Bank . The Philippines is considered to be an emerging market and a newly industrialized country , which has an economy transitioning from being one based on agriculture to one based more on services and manufacturing . It is one of the only two predominantly Christian nations in Southeast Asia , the other being East Timor .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1596400a660ff2ccbe36d820a6546267",
"text": "Democratic Progressive Party (Singapore) The Democratic Progressive Party ( abbrev : DPP ; Chinese : 民主进步党 ; Malay : Parti Demokratik Progresif ) is a political party in Singapore .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "348074346c57c092353893f19ed4549b",
"text": "Philippines–United States relations Philippines -- United States relations ( Filipino : Ugnayang Pilipinas at Estados Unidos ) are bilateral relations between the United States of America and its former colony , the Republic of the Philippines . The relationship between the United States and the Philippines has historically been strong and has been described as a Special Relationship . The current Philippine president Rodrigo Duterte , however , is supportive of a foreign policy that is less dependent on the United States , favoring one that prioritizes closer relations with China instead . The Philippines is one of the oldest Asian partners of the U.S. and a strategically major non-NATO ally . The United States was consistently ranked as one of the Philippines ' favorite nations in the world , with 90 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and 91 % viewing Americans favorably in 2002 , 90 % of Filipinos viewing U.S. influence positively in 2011 , 85 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. and Americans favorably in 2013 , and 92 % of Filipinos viewing the U.S. favorably in 2015 , and 89 % having confidence in United States president , Barack Obama in 2014 , making the Philippines the most pro-American country in the world . On October 20 , 2016 , the President of the Philippines announced a `` separation '' from the US , both militarily and economically , in favor of alliances with China and Russia . This article discusses Philippine -- American relations after Philippine independence from the United States in 1946 , while the article History of the Philippines ( 1898 -- 1946 ) describes the history of the Philippines during American colonial rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cd262629e49f3e180d91274dd8d9af2",
"text": "National Democracy Movement (Philippines) The National Democratic Movement is a broad-based alliance of left-wing , progressive individuals and organizations seeking comprehensive social , economic , and political justice in the Philippines composed of landless peasants , urban and rural poor , indigenous peoples , oppressed religious minorities , activists , workers , youth , and students . The movement seeks to address what they consider to be the root causes of injustices affecting the Filipino masses in what is analyzed to be a semi-colonial and semi-feudal society , by confronting the three fundamental problems of imperialism , feudalism , and bureaucrat capitalism . The national democratic struggle wishes to achieve genuine national liberation for the country and the realization of the democratic rights of the people by expunging the nation of foreign imperialism , landlordism , monopoly capitalists , and corrupt government officials .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2b172e2ef323a43d8f8c098be2b0a8f",
"text": "Philippine general election, 2010 Elections for all positions in the Philippines above the barangay ( except for Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao regional level ) were held on May 10 , 2010 . The elected president is Benigno `` Noynoy '' Aquino , the 15th President of the Philippines , succeeding President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo who was barred from seeking re-election due to term restrictions . The successor of vice-president Noli de Castro is Jejomar Binay , the 15th vice president of the Philippines . The legislators elected in the 2010 elections have joined the senators of the 2007 elections and comprise the 15th Congress of the Philippines . The 2010 election was administered by the Commission on Elections ( COMELEC ) in compliance with the Republic Act No. 9369 , also known as the Amended Computerization Act of 2007 . It was the first national computerized election in the history of the Philippines . Although there were cases of precinct count optical scan ( PCOS ) machine failures , there was no postponement of elections since most technical issues were resolved by election day . Despite the fact that some provinces have reported failure of elections , these have not surpassed the 0.50 % of the total number of PCOS machines , and most were replaced on time . Local elections were held in all provinces , cities and municipalities for provincial governors , vice governors and board members , and city/municipal mayors , vice mayors and councilors . There were more than 85,000 candidates for 17,000 national and local positions and it is believed that the youth had the swing vote in this election as 40 % of voters are 18-35 and there are a potential 3 million first-time voters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "597b6eec44e0261bae32af46a0ee7b35",
"text": "Constitution of the Communist Party of China The Constitution of the Communist Party of China ( CPC ) has 53 Articles and includes contents of General Program , Membership , Organization System , Central Organizations , Local Organizations , Primary Organizations , Party Cadres , Party Discipline , Party Organs for Discipline Inspection , Leading Party Members ' Groups , Relationship Between the Party and the Communist Youth League , Party Emblem and Flag . The Party Constitution currently in force was adopted at the Twelfth National Congress of the CPC in September 1982 . In accordance with the changing situation and tasks , revisions were made in some of the articles at the Thirteenth National Congress in November 1987 and in the General Program and some of the articles at the Fourteenth National Congress in October 1992 , and a few revisions were made in the General Program at the Sixteenth National Congress of the CPC in November 2002 . The organizational principle that drives the political system of the PRC is `` democratic centralism '' . Within the system , the democratic feature demands participation and expression of opinion on key policy issues from members at all levels of party organization . It depends on a constant process of consultation and investigation . At the same time , the centralist feature requires that subordinate organizational levels follow the dictates of superior levels . Once the debate has reached the highest level and decisions concerning policy have been made , all party members are obliged to support the Central Committee . The constitution emphasizes the party 's role in promoting socialist democracy , in developing and strengthening a socialist legal system , and in consolidating public resolve to carry out the modernization program .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9561537aaba0fca11342f7650de8cff",
"text": "Filipino values The Filipino value system or Filipino values refers to the set of values or the value system that a majority of the Filipino have historically held important in their lives . This Philippine value system includes their own unique assemblage of consistent ideologies , moral codes , ethical practices , etiquette and cultural and personal values that are promoted by their society . As with any society though , the values that an individual holds sacred can differ on the basis of religion , upbringing and other factors . As a general description , the distinct value system of Filipinos is rooted primarily in personal alliance systems , especially those based in kinship , obligation , friendship , religion ( particularly Christianity ) and commercial relationships .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3136ef3a705a62a8c929bb951b25d61a",
"text": "Election An election is a formal decision-making process by which a population chooses an individual to hold public office . Elections have been the usual mechanism by which modern representative democracy has operated since the 17th century . Elections may fill offices in the legislature , sometimes in the executive and judiciary , and for regional and local government . This process is also used in many other private and business organizations , from clubs to voluntary associations and corporations . The universal use of elections as a tool for selecting representatives in modern representative democracies is in contrast with the practice in the democratic archetype , ancient Athens , where the Elections were considered an oligarchic institution and most political offices were filled using sortition , also known as allotment , by which officeholders were chosen by lot . Electoral reform describes the process of introducing fair electoral systems where they are not in place , or improving the fairness or effectiveness of existing systems . Psephology is the study of results and other statistics relating to elections ( especially with a view to predicting future results ) . To elect means `` to choose or make a decision '' , and so sometimes other forms of ballot such as referendums are referred to as elections , especially in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6681c2b55f7b56bf0de61959a78dd050",
"text": "Politics of Dominica The politics of Dominica takes place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic , whereby the Prime Minister of Dominica is the head of government , and of a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the House of Assembly . The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e421c233eee8d6741fb7f282cd49ce15",
"text": "Akbayan The Akbayan Citizens ' Action Party is a democratic socialist political party in the Philippines . Its primary ideology is participatory democracy and participatory socialism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fef58228bc17eddb18c96d5f3005269",
"text": "Politics of Portugal Politics in Portugal takes place in a framework of a semi-presidential representative democratic republic , whereby the Prime Minister of Portugal is the head of government . Portugal has a multi-party system . The President of Portugal is the executive head of state and has several significant political powers , which he exercises often . Executive power is exercised by the President and the Council of Ministers . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Assembly of the Republic . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . Since 1975 , the party system has been dominated by the social democratic Socialist Party and the liberal-conservative Social Democratic Party .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7f1baf4a1b1adc5474a7da2e2ec5c46",
"text": "Philippine House of Representatives elections, 1969 The Elections for the House of Representatives of the Philippines were held on November 11 , 1969 . Held on the same day as the presidential election , the party of the incumbent president , Ferdinand Marcos 's Nacionalista Party , won majority of the seats in the House of Representatives . The elected representatives served in the 7th Congress from 1969 to 1973 , although it was cut short due to the proclamation of martial law on September 23 , 1972 by president Marcos . The proclamation suspended the constitution and closed both chambers of Congress , which allowed Marcos to rule by decree . The Constitutional Convention then passed a new constitution , which was approved by the electorate in a 1973 plebiscite that abolished the bicameral Congress and instead instituted a unicameral Batasang Pambansa ( National Legislature or Parliament ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bdec56558221db2f375e9e9063ac44c",
"text": "Politics of Equatorial Guinea The politics of Equatorial Guinea take place in a framework of a presidential republic , whereby the President is both the head of state and head of government . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the Chamber of People 's Representatives",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27cb8881c66ed001f7bf4936ff4441aa",
"text": "Benigno Ramos See Pugad Baboy for the Filipino comic character Igno who shares this name . Benigno `` Ben Ruben '' Ramos y Pantaleón ( February 10 , 1892 - c. 1946 ) was a Filipino author , writer , organization founder , politician and was an advocate for the independence of the Philippines from the United States who collaborated with Japan . Educated in Bulacan , Ramos went to work there as a teacher . Later , whilst based in Manila , he entered the civil service and by 1928 had risen to a high position with the Senate Staff . He became a member of the Nacionalista Party and a close associate of Manuel L. Quezon but this came to an end in 1930 when he joined a wildcat strike by teachers in the capital , causing Quezon to demand his resignation . Ramos did so but became a figure of anti-Quezon agitation , setting up a Tagalog language newspaper Sakdal which gained a wide circulation in rural areas . Ramos reconstituted his followers as the Sakdalista movement . Gaining as many as 20,000 members the group launched an attempted uprising in May 1935 but this was quickly crushed and Ramos went into exile in Japan . Ramos returned to Manila on August 28 , 1938 on board the German passenger ship Gneisenau . He became leader of the Ganap Party which contested the 1941 elections ( although Ramos himself was imprisoned during the vote ) . During the Japanese occupation this group became part of the KALIBAPI governing coalition , whilst Ramos formed the Makapili , a militant youth movement that aimed to limit the power of José P. Laurel and to provide soldiers for Japan . The followers of Ramos and his ally Artemio Ricarte were eventually armed by the Japanese in December 1944 by which time the Americans had already landed . Accounts differ on what happened to Ramos after the fall of the Philippines ; some claim that he was killed in an airplane crash in Baguio along with the retreating Japanese . As well as his political activism , Ramos was also noted as a writer of poetry with a collection Mga Agam-agam at Iba Pang Tula due for publication .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0db8fd59061262838fa55e24cc470d97",
"text": "Social Democratic Party (Bolivia) The Social Democratic Party ( Spanish : Partido Social Demócrata , PSD ) was a conservative , small and elitist , but influential Bolivian political party formed by middle-class intellectuals . The Social Democratic Party was founded in 1944 by younger , conservative Bolivians committed to modernization and the technological and technocratic strategies they believed necessary to achieve it . Led by Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas ( Hernán Siles Zuazo 's half-brother ) , Roberto Arce , Manfredo Kempf Mercado , Gastón Arduz Eguia , Alberto Crespo Gutiérrez , Tomás Guillermo Elio , and Mario Estenssoro , the party embraced developmentalist , nominally Christian-Democratic principles . For the 1947 general elections the Party allied with the Liberal Party and Revolutionary Left Party and backed Liberal Luis Femando Guachalla as the coalition 's presidential candidate . For the 1951 general elections the PSD allied with the Republican Socialist Unity Party and backed PURS ' presidential candidate Gabriel Gosalvez . During the Revolutionary Nationalist Movement regime ( 1952 -- 1964 ) , the Social Democratic Party was a minor force , allied electorally with the Bolivian Socialist Falange . It was generally regarded as an ideological relic of the prerevolutionary period , surviving only because its leaders were relatively young . After Víctor Paz Estenssoro 's overthrow in 1964 , the Social Democratic Party obtained a new lease on life and cooperated with the military regime of General René Barrientos Ortuño . Their influence no doubt was stimulated by the growing prominence of `` technocrats '' in the military dictatorships of Brazil and Argentina . For the 1966 general elections PSD allied with the Revolutionary Left Party , Authentic Revolutionary Party and Popular Christian Movement and backed Barrientos as the coalition 's presidential candidate . The PSD 's leader , Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas was chosen as vice-presidential candidate . The PSD withdrew support Barrientos in 1968 , but returned to a pro-government stance , when René Barrientos Ortuño died in a helicopter crash on 27 April 1969 and Siles Salinas became president , serving with conspicuous dedication and honesty for five months until overthrown by General Alfredo Ovando Candía . In succeeding years , the Social Democratic Party became inactive after that , although Luis Adolfo Siles Salinas continued to pursue his presidential ambitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f0c58c08ed3cd083055b0d40ad31bad",
"text": "1986–90 Philippine coup attempts From 1986 to 1987 , there were six plots to overthrow Philippine President Corazon Aquino involving various members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines . A significant number of the military participants in these attempts belonged to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement ( RAM ) , while others were identified loyalists of former President Ferdinand Marcos , who had been deposed in the People Power Revolution in late February 1986 . Two attempts -- the November 1986 `` God Save the Queen Plot '' and the July 1987 plot -- were uncovered and quashed by authorities before they could be operationalised . The other plots were repelled with little or no violence , the deadliest being the August 1987 coup attempts which left 53 dead . An even more serious coup attempt would be staged against the Aquino government in December 1989 . Following the plot 's failure , President Aquino established a fact-finding commission headed by then-COMELEC Chairman Hilario Davide , Jr. . The report would become known as the Davide Commission Report , and it was mandated to investigate and provide a full report on the series of coup attempts against the Aquino government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa0c365633b349a00fcebcda55f4a37b",
"text": "1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines The First Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines ( Filipino : Unang Kongreso ng Komenwelt ng Pilipinas ) , also known as the `` Postwar Congress '' and the `` Liberation Congress '' , refers to the meeting of the bicameral legislature composed of the Senate and House of Representatives , from 1945 to 1946 . This Congress convened only after the reestablishment of the Commonwealth Government in 1945 when President Sergio Osmeña called it to five special sessions . Osmeña had replaced Manuel L. Quezon as president after the former died in exile in the United States in 1944 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa57660cda445a22f55473e859674a08",
"text": "18th Congress of the Philippines The Eighteenth Congress of the Philippines ( Ikalabing-walong Kongreso ng Pilipinas ) is the future meeting of the national legislature of the Republic of the Philippines , composed of the Senate and House of Representatives . The convention of the 18th Congress was followed by the 2019 Senate election , which will replace half of the Senate membership , and the 2019 House of Representatives elections which will elect the entire membership of the House of Representatives . The House of Representatives will meet in Batasang Pambansa Complex and the Senate will meet in the GSIS Building from 2019 to a certain date in 2022 , from the possible fourth to sixth year of the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte ; this will be the end of tenure for senators elected in 2016 . The 18th Congress will be officially opened by President Duterte together with the joint session of the Senate and the House of Representatives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70a037b476bbec2149d6d2294ec68961",
"text": "Politics of Indonesia The Politics of Indonesia take place in a framework of a presidential representative democratic republic , whereby the President of Indonesia is both head of state and head of government , and of a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two People 's Representative Councils . The judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature . The 1945 constitution provided for a limited separation of executive , legislative and judicial power . The governmental system has been described as `` presidential with parliamentary characteristics . '' Following the Indonesian riots of May 1998 and the resignation of President Suharto , several political reforms were set in motion via amendments to the Constitution of Indonesia , which resulted in changes to all branches of government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d86d00c11cbf2bedc6628128b38d9ce",
"text": "History of democracy A democracy is a political system , or a system of decision-making within an institution or organization , in which all members have an equal share of power . Modern democracies are characterized by two capabilities that differentiate them fundamentally from earlier forms of government : the capacity to intervene in their own societies and the recognition of their sovereignty by an international legalistic framework of similarly sovereign states . -LSB- 2 -RSB- Democratic government is commonly juxtaposed with oligarchic and monarchic systems , which are rule by a minority and a sole monarch respectively . Democracy in its earliest forms is generally associated with the efforts of the ancient Greeks and Romans , who were themselves considered the founders of Western civilization by the 18th century intellectuals who attempted to leverage these early democratic experiments into a new template for post-monarchical political organization . The extent to which these 18th century democratic revivalists succeeded in turning the democratic ideals of the ancient Greeks and Romans into the dominant political institution of the next 300 years is hardly debatable , even if the moral justifications they often employed might be . Nevertheless , the critical historical juncture catalyzed by the resurrection of democratic ideals and institutions fundamentally transformed the ensuing centuries and has dominated the international landscape since the dismantling of the final vestige of empire following the end of the Second World War . Modern representative democracies attempt to bridge the gulf between the Hobbesian ` state of nature ' and the grip of authoritarianism through ` social contracts ' that enshrine the rights of the citizens , curtail the power of the state , and grant agency through the right to vote .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2db70e642f2a60d1060e2f7e9725baa3",
"text": "Politics of South Korea Politics of the Republic of Korea takes place in the framework of a presidential representative democratic republic , whereby the President is the head of state , and of a multi-party system . Executive power is exercised by the government . Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly . The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature and comprises a Supreme Court , appellate courts and a Constitutional Court . Since 1948 , the constitution has undergone five major revisions , each signifying a new republic . The current Sixth Republic began with the last major constitutional revision in 1987 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b1aec835e84ec7e110ddeb1c0c5056c8 | Independence Day: Resurgence made over 300 million in worldwide sales. | [
{
"docid": "4371dbb6ce8496ee35da7ec5850b33e0",
"text": "Independence Day: Resurgence Independence Day : Resurgence is a 2016 American science fiction film written and directed by Roland Emmerich with co-writers Dean Devlin , Nicolas Wright , James A. Woods , and James Vanderbilt . As sequel to the 1996 film Independence Day , it stars an ensemble cast featuring Liam Hemsworth , Jeff Goldblum , Bill Pullman , Maika Monroe , Jessie Usher , Travis Tope , William Fichtner , Charlotte Gainsbourg , Judd Hirsch , Brent Spiner and Sela Ward . The film takes place twenty years after the events of the first film , during which the United Nations has collaborated to form Earth Space Defense ( ESD ) , an international military defense and research organization . Through reverse engineering , the world has harnessed the power of alien technology and laid the groundwork to resist a second invasion . Plans for a sequel to Independence Day began as early as 2001 , with 20th Century Fox eventually green-lighting the project in 2014 . Principal photography began in April 2015 at locations primarily in New Mexico but also in the Bonneville Salt Flats of Utah , which were featured in the original . Independence Day : Resurgence was released in the United States on June 24 , 2016 , in 2D , 3D , and IMAX 3D , grossing $ 389.7 million worldwide at the box office . The film received generally unfavorable reviews from critics , who found the plot convoluted and action sequences overblown , though some praised its overall humor .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d680beab44ca8c88b047bc7104d55a60",
"text": "Grand Theft Auto III Grand Theft Auto III is an open world action-adventure third-person shooter video game developed by DMA Design and published by Rockstar Games . It was released on 22 October 2001 for the PlayStation 2 , on 20 May 2002 for Microsoft Windows , and on 31 October 2003 for the Xbox . A remastered version of the game was released on mobile platforms in 2011 , for the game 's tenth anniversary . It is the fifth title in the Grand Theft Auto series , and the first main entry since 1999 's Grand Theft Auto 2 . Set within the fictional Liberty City , based on New York City , the game follows Claude after he is left for dead and quickly becomes entangled in a world of gangs , crime and corruption . The game is played from a third-person perspective and its world is navigated on foot or by vehicle . The open world design lets players freely roam Liberty City , consisting of three main islands . Development was shared between DMA Design , based in Edinburgh and Rockstar , in New York City . Much of the development work constituted transforming popular series elements into a 3D world . The game was delayed following the September 11 attacks , to allow the team to change references and gameplay deemed inappropriate . Upon release , the game received critical acclaim , with praise particularly directed at its concept and gameplay . However , the game also generated controversy , with criticism directed at the depiction of violence and sexual content . Grand Theft Auto III became the best-selling video game of 2001 , and has sold over 17 million copies . Considered one of the most significant titles of the sixth generation of video games , and by many critics as one of the greatest video games of all time , it won year-end accolades , including Game of the Year awards from several gaming publications . Since its release , it has received numerous ports to many gaming platforms . Its successor , Grand Theft Auto : Vice City , was released in October 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1318f23e2e6fabf22ddbe228f6772d7",
"text": "Fahrenheit (2005 video game) Fahrenheit ( known as Indigo Prophecy in North America ) is a cinematic interactive drama action-adventure video game developed by Quantic Dream and published by Atari , Inc. for the PlayStation 2 and Xbox . The director 's cut and uncut versions were later released for Microsoft Windows . Fahrenheit has sold over 700,000 units worldwide since it was released in September 2005 and has won several awards . On 4 December 2007 , Atari released the game for Xbox 360 through Xbox Originals . On 8 November 2011 , Quantic Dream released the game uncensored for PC through GOG.com . A remastered version of the game , entitled Fahrenheit : Indigo Prophecy Remastered , was developed and published by Aspyr in January 2015 for Microsoft Windows , OS X , Linux and iOS . A port for the PlayStation 4 , which was developed by International Software Development Group at Sony Interactive Entertainment , was released on 9 August 2016 via PlayStation Network . In this paranormal thriller , New York City experiences a series of mysterious murders that follow the same pattern ; ordinary people become possessed and kill strangers in public . The main characters of the story must uncover the supernatural forces behind these crimes . Publicity was generated from the developer 's rejection of conventional game genre labeling ; preferring to brand it as the first `` interactive film '' rather than an adventure or third-person action title . The game features motion captured animation as well as branching story lines , split screen cameras and an interface designed to be intuitive and realistic . Event triggers in the game are also mainly time-based , as opposed to the more common player-initiated progression found in most games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bacc885db95ba0e8f4308fd3776bd5f5",
"text": "Midnight Memories Midnight Memories is the third studio album by British-Irish boy band One Direction , released on 25 November 2013 by Columbia Records , Syco Music and Sony Music . The album was described as having a `` slightly rockier tone '' than their previous efforts . It has become the fastest-selling album in Amazon UK 's history , breaking the record set by One Direction 's previous release , Take Me Home ( 2012 ) . The album debuted at number one on the US Billboard 200 , making One Direction the first group in history to debut at number one in the US with their first three albums . The album was preceded by the release of the singles `` Best Song Ever '' and `` Story of My Life '' . Upon the album 's release , Midnight Memories received mixed reviews from music critics . Many critics praised the lyrical depth and musical composition on the album , as well as the group 's level of involvement in the production process . However , others argued that the material was less memorable than their previous work and felt the themes were not as mature as expected . Despite being released five weeks before the year 's end , Midnight Memories nevertheless became the best-selling album of 2013 as listed by the IFPI , with sales of four million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4a9dd23afa404a404705c6a1ba8ede6",
"text": "Now That's What I Call Music! 37 (U.S. series) Now That 's What I Call Music ! 37 was released on February 8 , 2011 . The album is the 37th edition of the ( U.S. ) Now ! series . Seven tracks selected for the album were number-one hits on the Billboard Hot 100 : `` Love The Way You Lie '' , `` Just the Way You Are '' , `` Firework '' , `` Raise Your Glass '' , `` We R Who We R '' , `` Only Girl ( In The World ) '' and `` Like a G6 '' . Now ! 37 debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 albums chart with first week sales of 151,000 , the biggest week for any US-released Now album since Now ! 31 started at number one with 169,000 in July 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dcdc0170c885526ed3707bf96422fc25",
"text": "Halo: Reach Halo : Reach is a first-person shooter video game developed by Bungie and published by Microsoft Game Studios for the Xbox 360 home video game console . The sixth installment in the Halo series , Reach was released worldwide in September 2010 . The game takes place in the year 2552 , where humanity is locked in a war with the alien Covenant . Players control Noble Six , a member of an elite supersoldier squad , when the human world known as Reach falls under Covenant attack . After releasing Halo 3 in 2007 , Bungie split into teams to develop two different games -- what would become Halo 3 : ODST and Reach . The developers decided to create a prequel to the original Halo game trilogy , freeing themselves from the obligation of addressing old story threads . As the game would take place on a human world doomed to be destroyed , they focused on making the environment a character unto itself . Longtime Halo composers Martin O'Donnell and Michael Salvatori returned to compose Reachs music , aiming for a more somber sound to match the story . Reach was announced at the Electronic Entertainment Expo 2009 in Los Angeles , California , and the first in-engine trailer was shown at the 2009 Spike Video Game Awards . Players who purchased ODST were eligible to participate in a Reach multiplayer beta in May 2010 ; the beta allowed Bungie to gain player feedback for fixing bugs and making gameplay tweaks before shipping the final version . Microsoft gave Reach its biggest game marketing budget yet and created award-winning live-action commercials , action figures , and interactive media to promote the game . The game grossed US$ 200 million on its launch day , setting a new record for the franchise . Reach sold well in most territories , moving more than three million units its first month in North America . Critical reception was positive ; reviewers from publications such as GamePro , IGN , and Official Xbox Magazine called it the best Halo title yet . Critics generally praised the game 's graphics and sound , but the plot and characters were less positively received . Reach was Bungie 's final Halo game ; subsequent games have been overseen by Microsoft subsidiary 343 Industries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4cea9ea45cbb3a0ded054c2a2267eae5",
"text": "Day of Redemption Day of Redemption is a business-themed romantic drama film directed by Lawrence Lau ( the Lee Rock series , starring Andy Lau , and Queen of Temple Street ) and starring Zhou Yumin ( aka Zai Zai , a member of the popular Taiwanese group F4 ) , Tong Yao , Cao Yunjin , and Bai Yu . The film was co-financed by Gehua Cultural Development Group , Beijing 's cable company , and Palette Pictures LLC . Day of Redemption tells the story of the beautiful entrepreneur Zhou Ting , a young and pretty entrepreneur that fights to protect her lingerie business from a hostile takeover from her former college sweetheart , now an ambitious businessman . But as his rich , jealous girlfriend takes part in the dispute , the two former lovers reignite their old flame . The movie was theatrically released in July 19 , 2013 in mainland China , nationwide . YNET.com points that more theaters had to play the film just to accommodate the audience , and considered Day of Redemption the first high concept movie of mainland China , connecting the U.S. education received by the film 's producer , writer and director to its success . Netease Entertainment also deemed the movie `` high concept '' , and Ye Qianyun and Tong Yao 's performances were praised . China 's CCTV , that broadcasts to about 1 billion people , rated Day of Redemption `` intense '' , and `` delighting '' Day of Redemption 's online release on Tencent Video , a major Chinese video portal , has received more than 14 million views .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d810276add2ae00f6e8089b7fbc27ae",
"text": "Saints Row: The Third downloadable content Downloadable content for Saints Row : The Third was announced before the game 's November 2011 release along with a commitment from publisher THQ to support 40 weeks of content . Among smaller upgrades , three main content packs were released : Genkibowl VII , Gangstas in Space , and The Trouble with Clones . Reviewers found all three packs short -- around an hour in length -- and considered The Trouble with Clones the best of the bunch . Genkibowl VII , released in January 2012 , brought four new activity types to Steelport around a Professor Genki-themed competition . Sad Panda Skyblazing , the only one of the four activities to not modify an existing activity type , was the reviewers ' favorite . Gangstas in Space , released in February , is a three-mission story about a Saints-themed film production starring the player and fighting aliens . The Trouble with Clones , released in March , has the player tracking down and quelling a rampant clone of Saints leader Johnny Gat . Reviewers highly praised its `` Saints Flow '' superpower sequences , and questioned why they could not have been unlocked in the main game afterwards . All download packs offered unlocks upon their completion . The Full Package , a version containing all of the game 's downloadable content on disc alongside the main game , was released in November . Some of the smaller content items include costume , vehicle , and ability unlocks . THQ planned a standalone expansion of the game called Enter the Dominatrix . It was originally announced as an April Fool 's joke , but was confirmed and later spun into Saints Row IV 's downloadable content .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "550cd5293425c85941169f6065afa6c2",
"text": "Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots Metal Gear Solid 4 : Guns of the Patriots is an action-adventure stealth video game developed by Kojima Productions and published by Konami exclusively for the PlayStation 3 console . It is the sixth Metal Gear game directed by Hideo Kojima , and was released worldwide on June 12 , 2008 . Set five years after the events of Metal Gear Solid 2 : Sons of Liberty , the story centers around a prematurely aged Solid Snake , now known as Old Snake , as he goes on one last mission to assassinate his nemesis Liquid Snake , who now inhabits the body of his former henchman Revolver Ocelot under the guise of Liquid Ocelot , before he takes control of the Sons of the Patriots , an A.I. system that controls the activities of PMCs worldwide . Guns of the Patriots received universal acclaim , garnering perfect reviews and Game of the Year awards from several major gaming publications , including GameSpot , which claimed that the game was `` technically flawless '' . Often considered to be one of the seventh generation of console gaming 's most significant titles , its release caused a boost in sales of the PlayStation 3 , where it sold over six million copies worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40d473ea463ccef52a97cdc8a452e0a1",
"text": "Last Empire-War Z '' `` Last Empire - War Z '' '' is one of the most popular freemium Massively Multiplayer Online strategy game that developed and published by IM30 Studios.It was launched in August 2015 and then it spread all over the world , it became popular among players with a shocking speed , now it has over 80 million downloads and it is available in over 220 countries . It is the Google play `` Best of Game 2016 '' . This is not the first time Google official reward it . '' `` Last Empire - War Z '' '' has been recommended to global twice and to districts for several times . It always takes a high rank in App download list in most countries and it is one of the best strategies games that beloved by players . High rates and good comments mean it attracting more and more worldwide players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc88c95baefd83fa05810d9d1e7e5ddb",
"text": "Calvin Harris discography Scottish record producer , DJ , singer and songwriter Calvin Harris has released four studio albums , one mix album , three extended plays , 28 singles ( including three as a featured artist ) , 12 promotional singles and 31 music videos . As of November 2014 , Harris had sold 8,176,180 singles and tracks in the United Kingdom . Harris 's debut studio album , I Created Disco , was released in June 2007 . The album peaked at number eight on the UK Albums Chart and was certified gold by the British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) . Its first two singles , `` Acceptable in the 80s '' and `` The Girls '' , peaked at numbers 10 and three , respectively , on the UK Singles Chart , while the third single , `` Merrymaking at My Place '' , reached number 43 . In August 2009 , Harris released his second studio album , Ready for the Weekend , which debuted at number one on the UK Albums Chart and earned a gold certification from the BPI within two months of release . Its lead single , `` I 'm Not Alone '' , became Harris 's first number one on the UK Singles Chart . `` Ready for the Weekend '' was released as the album 's second single , peaking at number three in the United Kingdom . Two more singles were released from the album , `` Flashback '' and `` You Used to Hold Me '' , which reached numbers 18 and 27 on the UK chart , respectively . His third studio album , 18 Months , was released in October 2012 . The album sees Harris stepping away from vocals , instead focusing on the music production . It earned Harris his second consecutive number-one album in his home country . 18 Months also became his first album to chart on the Billboard 200 in the United States , peaking at number 19 , while reaching number two in Ireland , number five in Australia and number eight in Canada . The album 's lead single , `` Bounce '' featuring Kelis , peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart and gave Harris his first top-10 entry in Australia , peaking at number seven . The second single , `` Feel So Close '' , also peaked at number two in the UK . The song brought Harris to international prominence , reaching number five in New Zealand and number seven in Australia , as well as becoming his first chart entry as a lead performer on the US Billboard Hot 100 , where it charted at number 12 . In 2011 , Harris wrote , produced and was featured on Rihanna 's single `` We Found Love '' , which topped the charts in 25 countries , including the United Kingdom , the United States , Ireland and Canada . The third and fourth singles from 18 Months , `` Let 's Go '' ( featuring Ne-Yo ) and `` We 'll Be Coming Back '' ( featuring Example ) , both reached number two on the UK chart , with the former also peaking at number 17 on the Billboard Hot 100 . The album 's fifth single , `` Sweet Nothing '' featuring Florence Welch , became Harris 's fourth number-one single in the UK and first top-10 single in the US . `` Drinking from the Bottle '' ( featuring Tinie Tempah ) and `` I Need Your Love '' ( featuring Ellie Goulding ) served as the album 's sixth and seventh singles . Having both charted inside the UK top 10 by April 2013 , Harris made chart history by becoming the first artist to attain eight top-10 singles from one studio album , overtaking the record previously set by Michael Jackson . The eighth and final single , `` Thinking About You '' featuring Ayah Marar , peaked at number eight on the UK Singles Chart . Harris 's fourth studio album , Motion , was released in October 2014 . It peaked at number two on the UK Albums Chart and number five on the US Billboard 200 , his highest-peaking album on the latter chart . The album includes the UK number-one singles `` Under Control '' , `` Summer '' and `` Blame '' , as well as the top-10 single `` Outside '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b259887db7806f3f5e307e88e4cf3659",
"text": "List of accolades received by Star Wars: The Force Awakens Star Wars : The Force Awakens is a 2015 epic space opera film directed , co-produced , and co-written by J. J. Abrams . The seventh installment in the main Star Wars film series , and first of three in Star Wars sequel trilogy , it stars Harrison Ford , Mark Hamill , Carrie Fisher , Adam Driver , Daisy Ridley , John Boyega , Oscar Isaac , Lupita Nyong ` o , Andy Serkis , Domhnall Gleeson , Anthony Daniels , and Max von Sydow . The Force Awakens is set 30 years after Return of the Jedi ; it follows Rey , Finn , and Poe Dameron 's search for Luke Skywalker and their fight alongside the Resistance , led by veterans of the Rebel Alliance , against Kylo Ren and the First Order , a successor group to the Galactic Empire . The Force Awakens was premiered by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures in Los Angeles on December 14 , and was released in United States and Canada on December 18 , 2015 . The Force Awakens opened across 14,300 theaters , breaking numerous box-office records and became the first film to earn more than $ 100 million worldwide in a single day . The film grossed a worldwide total of over $ 2 billion on a production budget of $ 306 million becoming the highest-grossing release of 2015 , and the fastest film to earn $ 1 billion worldwide , doing so in twelve-days . The Force Awakens became the third film in history to surpass $ 2 billion worldwide ( after Avatar ( 2009 ) and Titanic ( 1997 ) ) , doing so on its 53rd day of release . Rotten Tomatoes , a review aggregator , surveyed 360 reviews and judged 92 percent to be positive . The Force Awakens garnered many awards and nominations in a variety of categories with particular praise for Abrams ' direction , its action sequences , visual effects , editing and Ridley 's and Boyega 's performances . Several awards held their nominations before the December release of The Force Awakens , making the film ineligible for the 73rd Golden Globe Awards and some other awards ceremonies . However , the film was added to the 21st Critics ' Choice Awards 's slate of best picture nominees after a special vote by the board of directors , and the announcement of the 2015 American Film Institute Awards was delayed until after the release of film , where it was named one of Top Ten Films of the year . The Force Awakens received five nominations at the 88th Academy Awards as Best Original Score , Best Sound Editing , Best Sound Mixing , Best Film Editing and Best Visual Effects . The film garnered four nominations at 69th British Academy Film Awards , and won for Best Special Visual Effects and a special BAFTA Rising Star Award for John Boyega . At the 21st Empire Awards , the film received nine nominations and won five including Best Sci-Fi/Fantasy Film , and Best Director for J.J. Abrams . The Force Awakens became the most nominated film in Saturn Awards history with total of thirteen nominations at 42nd Saturn Awards and won eight including Best Science Fiction Film , Best Director and Best Special Effects . The film received seven nominations from the Visual Effects Society , winning four including Outstanding Visual Effects in an Effects Driven Feature Motion Picture . Star Wars : The Force Awakens received eleven nominations at MTV Movie Awards , the most for the ceremony and won three including Movie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5aadd183c1015b02bbffa242a48c087",
"text": "Born to Die Born to Die is the second studio album by American singer and songwriter Lana Del Rey . Her major label debut , it was released on January 27 , 2012 by Interscope Records , Polydor Records and Stranger Records . Del Rey collaborated with producers including Patrik Berger , Jeff Bhasker , Chris Braide , Emile Haynie , Justin Parker , Rick Nowels , Robopop and Al Shux to achieve her desired sound . Their efforts resulted in a primarily baroque pop record , which sees additional influences from alternative hip hop , indie pop and trip hop music . Contemporary music critics gave Born to Die mixed reviews ; some commended its distinctive production , while its repetitiveness and melodramatic tendencies were a recurring complaint . The album debuted at number two on the US Billboard 200 with first-week sales of 77,000 copies ; it was later certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) after moving one million units . Born to Die reached the peak positions on eleven international record charts . After attaining online success after its initial premiere on June 29 , 2011 , `` Video Games '' was released as the lead single from Born to Die on October 17 , 2011 ; it peaked at number ninety-one on the US Billboard Hot 100 . Its follow-up singles `` Born to Die '' , `` Off to the Races '' , `` Blue Jeans '' , `` Summertime Sadness '' , `` National Anthem '' , and `` Dark Paradise '' performed sporadically across Billboard component charts and international record charts . The Cedric Gervais remix of `` Summertime Sadness '' was released on July 11 , 2013 and became Del Rey 's highest-charting single in the United States , reaching number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . Del Rey additionally promoted Born to Die with several televised performances , including a widely criticized appearance on Saturday Night Live . It was reissued on November 9 , 2012 as an expanded version subtitled The Paradise Edition , which was packaged with her third extended play Paradise ( 2012 ) . Born to Die has sold 7,000,000 copies worldwide as of June 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95194b35264b13ce4c641a37cf05894f",
"text": "Gladiators of Rome (2012 film) Gladiators of Rome ( Italian : Gladiatori di Roma ) , also known as Not Born to Be Gladiators and referred to in marketing as Gladiators of Rome 3D , is a 2012 Italian computer-animated comedy film produced by Rainbow CGI and released by Medusa Film . It is directed by Iginio Straffi , and was opened in Italy on October 2012 and was later released across Europe and the Americas . Produced on a budget of $ 45 million , it is one of the most expensive Italian films ever made . The film grossed between $ 10 million and $ 50 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85d9df8bd148ebf5bd18a619ff7d678b",
"text": "Tower Heist Tower Heist is a 2011 American heist comedy film directed by Brett Ratner and written by Ted Griffin and Jeff Nathanson , based on a story by Bill Collage , Adam Cooper and Griffin . The plot follows Josh Kovaks ( Ben Stiller ) , Charlie Gibbs ( Casey Affleck ) and Enrique Dev ` reaux ( Michael Peña ) , employees of an exclusive apartment building who lose their pensions in the Ponzi scheme of Wall Street businessman Arthur Shaw ( Alan Alda ) . The group enlist the aid of criminal Slide ( Eddie Murphy ) , bankrupt businessman Mr. Fitzhugh ( Matthew Broderick ) and another employee of the apartment building , Odessa ( Gabourey Sidibe ) , to break into Shaw 's apartment and steal back their money while avoiding the FBI agent in charge of his case , Claire Denham ( Téa Leoni ) . Tower Heist began development as early as 2005 , based on an idea by Murphy that would star himself and an all-black cast of comedians as a heist group who rob Trump International Hotel and Tower . As the script developed and changed into an Ocean 's Eleven -- style caper , Murphy left the project . Ratner continued to develop the idea into what would eventually become Tower Heist , with Murphy later rejoining the production . Filming took place entirely in New York City on a budget of $ 75 million ( after tax rebates ) , with several buildings provided by Donald Trump used to represent the eponymous tower . The film score was composed by Christophe Beck and released commercially on November 1 , 2011 . The film received mixed reviews with much of the praise going to the cast , including Broderick , Leoni and Stiller . However , Murphy was repeatedly singled out by critics as the star of the film , with critics feeling that he displayed a welcome return to the comedic style of his early career . Much of the criticism received by the film was focused on the plot , which was considered `` formulaic , '' `` rushed , '' `` dull '' and `` laborious . '' The film was released on November 4 , 2011 and earned $ 152 million worldwide . Prior to release , the film was involved in a controversy over plans by Universal Pictures to release it for home viewing on video on demand to 500,000 Comcast customers , only three weeks after its theatrical debut . Concern over the implementation 's harming ticket sales and inspiring further films to follow suit resulted in several theater chains ' refusal to show the film at all if the plan went ahead , forcing Universal to abandon the idea .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4800a91aef91711ec5b3a280054d1b",
"text": "List of million-selling singles in the United Kingdom A million-selling single is regarded by the Official Charts Company ( OCC ) as one that has sold at least 1 million copies since the start of the UK Singles Chart in November 1952 . As well as a traditional purchase of a physical record , a sale can represent one permanent digital download of a track ( physical singles usually consist of two songs , although both are only included in sales figures for double A sides or where both receive a high level of interest and airplay ) . Both British Phonographic Industry ( BPI ) - certified awards ( Silver , Gold and Platinum ) and the weekly charts now include audio streaming but these are not included in the sales figures published by the OCC . Certified awards can also include shipments ( sales to trade ) . The OCC and Music Week regularly announce when a record becomes a million seller . , 167 singles have sold 1 million copies in the UK . Of these , 108 were originally released in the 20th century ( 70 of them selling 1 million before the year 2000 ) and the remainder were released between 2000 and 2014 . The most recently released single to become a million-seller is `` Uptown Funk '' by Mark Ronson featuring Bruno Mars , which was released in December 2014 and passed a million sales ten weeks later in February 2015 . Bing Crosby 's `` White Christmas '' is the earliest release : originally 1942 , although only sales from 1952 onwards are counted . The year in which the most million-sellers were released is 2011 , with twelve ; while a record 36 releases from both the 1990s and the 2010s have sold a million copies . Only two million sellers have failed to reach the top 5 on the UK Singles Chart : Snow Patrol 's `` Chasing Cars '' and Journey 's `` Do n't Stop Believin ' '' , both of which peaked at number 6 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bfd144319785522649d0769defead99",
"text": "Invincible (Michael Jackson album) Invincible is the final studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson , released on October 30 , 2001 , by Epic Records . Similar to Jackson 's previous material , Invincible explores themes such as love , romance , isolation , media criticism , and social issues . It was his sixth studio album released through Epic label . An extensive and laborious album to make , Jackson started production in 1997 , and did not finish until eight weeks before the album 's October 2001 release . Jackson recorded in over 10 different studios , and the final cost was over thirty million dollars . Combined with twenty five million toward the cost of promoting the album , Invincible is the most expensive album ever made . The album peaked at number one in eleven territories worldwide , including the United States ( with first-week sales of 363,000 units ) , the United Kingdom , Australia , France and Switzerland . Invincible charted within the top ten in six other territories . Upon release , the album received mixed reviews from contemporary music critics . Invincible was one of the best-selling of 2001 , being ranked at # 9 on the International Federation of the Phonographic Industry 's ( IFPI ) Top 50 Global Best Selling Albums for 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "013c1bd5f11aa53dce7d934e80ecb5bc",
"text": "2007 in downloadable songs for the Rock Band series The Rock Band series of music video games supports downloadable songs for the Xbox 360 , PlayStation 3 , and Wii versions through the consoles ' respective online services . Users can download songs on a track-by-track basis , with many of the tracks also offered as part of a `` song pack '' or complete album at a discounted rate . These packs are available for the Wii only on Rock Band 3 . Most downloadable songs are playable within every game mode , including the Band World Tour career mode . All downloadable songs released before October 26 , 2010 are cross-compatible between Rock Band , Rock Band 2 and Rock Band 3 , while those after only work with Rock Band 3 . Certain songs deemed `` suitable for all ages '' by Harmonix are also available for use in Lego Rock Band . The Wii version of Rock Band does not support downloadable content , but Rock Band 2 and Rock Band 3 do , with DLC first made available in January 2009 . Songs from the back catalogue of downloadable content were released for the Wii weekly in an effort by Harmonix to provide Wii players with every previously available song . Following the release of Rock Band 4 for the PlayStation 4 and Xbox One , all previously purchased downloadable content for Rock Band 3 and earlier is forward compatible ( with the exception of any downloadable content purchased for The Beatles : Rock Band ) within the same system family at no additional cost . 32 downloadable Rock Band songs were released in 2007 , 15 of which appeared alongside the launch of Rock Band on November 20 , including song packs for Queens of the Stone Age , Metallica , and The Police .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8c87ee31fe399b7b0cc8cd021fb898cd | Matt Sorum's touring project Kings of Chaos features members of Slipknot. | [
{
"docid": "461328bec1605bfd70838de9bc3e96a0",
"text": "Matt Sorum Matthew William `` Matt '' Sorum ( born November 19 , 1960 ) is an American drummer and percussionist . He is best known as both a former member of the hard rock band Guns N ' Roses , with whom he recorded three studio albums , and as a member of the supergroup Velvet Revolver . Sorum is currently a member of the touring project , Kings of Chaos , and is a former member of both The Cult and Y Kant Tori Read . Sorum was also a member of Guns N ' Roses side-projects , Slash 's Snakepit and Neurotic Outsiders , and released a solo album , Hollywood Zen , in 2004 . After performing on synthpop band Y Kant Tori Read 's sole album , Sorum joined The Cult in 1989 to tour in support of their fourth studio album , Sonic Temple ( 1989 ) . During the tour , Sorum was spotted by Guns N ' Roses guitarist Slash and subsequently replaced their drummer Steven Adler in 1990 . Remaining in the band for seven years , Sorum recorded the albums , Use Your Illusion I ( 1991 ) , Use Your Illusion II ( 1991 ) , and `` The Spaghetti Incident ? '' ( 1993 ) , before departing in 1997 following an argument with Axl Rose . In 2001 , Sorum rejoined The Cult to perform on their reunion album , Beyond Good and Evil ( 2001 ) , and its subsequent tour and subsequently co-founded the hard rock supergroup Velvet Revolver , alongside former Guns N ' Roses bandmates , Slash and Duff McKagan . The band , which also included guitarist Dave Kushner and Stone Temple Pilots frontman Scott Weiland , released two successful studio albums , Contraband ( 2004 ) and Libertad ( 2007 ) , before entering an extended hiatus following Weiland 's departure . Sorum has been a permanent member of hard rock cover band Camp Freddy since 2003 , alongside Jane 's Addiction members Dave Navarro and Chris Chaney , and assisted in hosting its radio show and podcast on Indie 103.1 . In 2012 , Sorum founded a touring project , entitled Kings of Chaos , featuring members of Guns N ' Roses , Deep Purple , Def Leppard , Aerosmith , ZZ Top , Cheap Trick and Slipknot . In 2012 , Sorum was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame as a member of Guns N ' Roses .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "935f5c504c65abc27219357374ead869",
"text": "World Domination Tour World Domination Tour was a worldwide concert tour in 1999 and 2000 headlined by Slipknot in support of their first studio album Slipknot . It was their first major headlining tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5034a6f9e7bc9dde828eed076e222bb",
"text": "Marilyn Manson discography American industrial metal band Marilyn Manson has released nine studio albums , one live album , one compilation album , two EPs , twenty-four singles , nine promo singles , five DVDs , and thirty-four music videos . After forming in 1989 and signing a contract with Nothing Records and Interscope in 1993 , the band released their first studio album , Portrait of an American Family ( 1994 ) . Although initially not a commercial success , the album would eventually be certified gold by the RIAA for shipments in excess of 500,000 copies . Spurred by their hit single -- a version of the Eurythmics 's `` Sweet Dreams ( Are Made of This ) '' -- the band 's first EP , Smells Like Children ( 1995 ) , became a commercial success , selling over a million copies in the US alone . In 1996 , the band released their second studio album , Antichrist Superstar , which reached No. 3 on the Billboard 200 and has sold over 1.9 million copies in the US . The album went on to sell over 7 million copies worldwide , and was supported by the release of 1997 's Remix & Repent EP . Their third studio album , Mechanical Animals ( 1998 ) , was a commercial and critical success , reaching No. 1 on the Billboard 200 , as well topping the charts in as Australia and Canada . Mechanical Animals was later followed by their first live album , The Last Tour on Earth ( 1999 ) , which included the promotional single `` Astonishing Panorama of the Endtimes '' . In 2000 , the band released Holy Wood ( In the Shadow of the Valley of Death ) , which managed to sell more than 9 million copies worldwide . Their fifth studio album , The Golden Age of Grotesque ( 2003 ) , was a modest commercial success in their native US , debuting at No. 1 with sales of 118,000 copies . As of November 2008 , the album has sold 526,000 copies in the US . In contrast , the album was , by far , Manson 's most successful internationally , peaking within the top five in most of the major European markets . Their sixth album , Eat Me , Drink Me , was released in 2007 and debuted at No. 8 on the Billboard 200 . The High End of Low ( 2009 ) , reached No. 4 on both the US and Canadian album charts , but was their last album released by Interscope . After signing a deal with Cooking Vinyl , the band released Born Villain in 2012 . Their ninth studio album , The Pale Emperor , was released on January 20 , 2015 , debuting at No. 8 in the US with their highest first week sales since Eat Me , Drink Me in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d47bf32af378c9e24ccf57efc01505b",
"text": "Trainwreck (band) Trainwreck were an American rock band , formed in Los Angeles in 2002 . The group featured JR Reed on lead vocals , Kyle Gass on acoustic guitar , John Konesky on electric guitar and John Spiker on bass . The band 's line-up originally featured Kevin Weisman on drums and Chris D'Arienzo on the keyboards up until 2005 . Nate Rothacker became the second drummer for Trainwreck in 2005 . The band released one studio album , one live album , two EPs and one single before splitting up in 2010 . The band were best known for their association with Tenacious D due to the vast majority of members also having some form of role in Tenacious D. Jack Black would occasionally appear as a guest at some Trainwreck concerts . Trainwreck performed under their `` alter-egos '' with different clothing and talking with country accents to represent their southern style of music , for example Kyle Gass became `` Klip Calhoun '' . Reed was well known for performing with obscure instruments during sets such as a washerboard and whistles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75eb94d47b428d99f3a24103faa638a",
"text": "Lateralus Lateralus ( -LSB- ˌlætəˈræləs -RSB- ) is the third studio album by American rock band Tool . It was released on May 15 , 2001 through Volcano Entertainment . The album was recorded at Cello Studios in Hollywood and The Hook , Big Empty Space , and The Lodge , in North Hollywood , between October 2000 and January 2001 . David Bottrill , who had produced the band 's two previous releases Ænima and Salival , produced the album along with the band . On August 23 , 2005 , Lateralus was released as a limited edition two-picture-disc vinyl LP in a holographic gatefold package . The album debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard 200 chart , selling more than 555,200 copies in its first week of release . It was certified double platinum by the RIAA on August 5 , 2003 . On August 30 , 2004 , the album was certified silver by the BPI . It was also certified platinum in Australia , and double platinum in Canada . The band won the Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance for the song `` Schism '' in 2002 . Lateralus was ranked No. 123 on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 's `` Definitive 200 '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "704786c98668b6136401b43c0f84400f",
"text": "Transplants (band) The Transplants are an American punk rock/rap rock supergroup . They formed in 1999 when Tim Armstrong ( of the bands Rancid and Operation Ivy ) played his friend and roadie Rob Aston some beats he had made using Pro Tools and asked Aston if he would consider contributing lyrics . Initially , Armstrong played all the instruments himself but as the project grew , he invited musician friends such as Matt Freeman ( Rancid ) , Lars Frederiksen ( Rancid ) , and Vic Ruggiero ( The Slackers ) to add to the sound . Before long , Armstrong and Aston decided to officially form a band , but to make things complete , they wanted a drummer , so Travis Barker from Blink-182 was asked to join in 2002 . After the release of their first album , The Transplants briefly disbanded in 2003 , due to all members being involved in their own projects , including Rancid and Blink-182 . Then in 2004 , they reunited to record their second album ( Haunted Cities ) before going on hiatus again until 2010 when the band has started to record new material . This new material was released as In a Warzone in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "019c6b7c2184255413dc3c7095e912d7",
"text": "Blink-182 Blink-182 ( often stylized as blink-182 ; pronounced `` blink one eighty two '' ) is an American rock band formed in Poway , California in 1992 . The band currently consists of bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus , drummer Travis Barker , and guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . Founded by guitarist and vocalist Tom DeLonge , bassist and vocalist Mark Hoppus and drummer Scott Raynor , the band emerged from the Southern California punk scene of the early 1990s and first gained notoriety for high-energy live shows and irreverent lyrical toilet humor . Blink-182 was initially known as Blink until an Irish band of the same name threatened legal action ; in response , the band appended the meaningless number '' -182 '' . In its early years , Blink-182 toured heavily behind the band 's debut , Cheshire Cat ( 1995 ) . The group signed with major label MCA Records to co-distribute its second album , Dude Ranch ( 1997 ) . Raynor was fired midway through a 1998 tour and replaced by Barker . The group 's next two releases , Enema of the State ( 1999 ) and Take Off Your Pants and Jacket ( 2001 ) , were enormous successes on the strength of radio and MTV airplay . The eponymously titled Blink-182 followed in 2003 and marked a stylistic shift for the group . DeLonge quit in 2005 , sending the band into what was termed an `` indefinite hiatus '' . They reunited in 2009 , producing the trio 's sixth album , Neighborhoods ( 2011 ) . In 2015 , DeLonge again exited and was replaced by Alkaline Trio guitarist and vocalist Matt Skiba . The band 's seventh studio album , California , was released on July 1 , 2016 . Blink-182 is considered a key group in the development of pop punk ; the band 's combination of pop melodies with fast-paced punk rock featured a more radio-friendly accessibility than prior bands . The trio has sold over thirteen million albums in the United States , and over 50 million albums worldwide . In 2011 , The New York Times asserted , `` no punk band of the 1990s has been more influential than Blink-182 , '' and even as the band receded after its 2005 split , `` its sound and style could be heard in the muscular pop punk of Fall Out Boy or in the current wave of high-gloss Warped Tour punk bands , like All Time Low and The Maine . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc7ab45de773ffec66082e35e3e7b9de",
"text": "Black Tusk (band) Black Tusk ( often written as Blacktusk ) is an American heavy metal power trio from Savannah , Georgia . The band was formed in 2005 , when its members were all living on the same street . With the dissolution of Andrew Fidler 's ( guitar , vocals ) and Jonathan Athon 's ( bass , vocals ) crust punk band and James May 's ( drums , vocals ) street punk band , Andrew and Athon went down the street to James ' house and asked him if he wanted to play with them . During the next few days they jammed continuously , and within a few months they had recorded the EP When Kingdoms Fall , which was released on Wrecked Signal . Two years later the band self-released their first full-length studio album , The Fallen Kingdom , followed by another a year later with Passage Through Purgatory , released through the local label Hyperrealist Records . In 2009 , Black Tusk released a series of split albums with bands such as ASG , The Holy Mountain , and Fight Amp , before sign to Relapse Records in November . The band released its debut for Relapse , Taste the Sin , in May 2010 . Black Tusk is mostly associated with Baroness and Kylesa , for their shared hometown of Savannah , as well as for their sludge metal sound . The band is linked to Baroness ' guitarist and vocalist John Dyer Baizley , who is also a painter and creates all of Black Tusk 's artwork . Black Tusk 's members describe their music as `` swamp metal , '' a term that has been described by Allmusic as `` the murkiest , dirtiest sludge to come out of Savannah since Kylesa '' . The term is a reference to the climate of Savannah in relation to the music that the band create . Reviewing the album , Taste the Sin , Pitchfork Media stated that the band 's blend of hardcore punk and stoner metal `` works to capitalize on the immediacy of its chosen genres and not to bend them into obscurity . '' Black Tusk acknowledges its punk rock origins , but prefer not to cite a list of bands that influence them because they feel that it is ineffective since they are not `` trying to emulate any one band 's style or any one genre 's sound . '' On November 9 , 2014 , band member Jonathan Athon died due to injuries sustained from a motorcycle accident . He was placed in a medically-induced coma and , per his wishes , was pulled from life support after it was determined that he had irreparable brain damage . On December 10 , 2014 , the band confirmed they would be touring with Black Label Society in early 2015 , with Corey Barhorst filling in on bass duties , as well as confirmed they finished the recording of their next album prior to the death of Jonathan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "437b729ac618a17d0cb5206d9fb038c6",
"text": "Möngöl Hörde Möngöl Hörde is an English hardcore punk band formed in 2012 . The group features Frank Turner on vocals , Ben Dawson on drums and Matt Nasir on guitar . Turner and Dawson are both former members of hardcore punk outfit Million Dead . Frank Turner is now best known for his solo folk-punk material , and Matt Nasir is part of his backing band , The Sleeping Souls . Lyrically , Möngöl Hörde is not as serious as Frank Turner 's other projects , with Turner stating , `` Lyrically it 's very different from what I do now , it 's kind of depraved . The first song we wrote is about Natalie Portman 's tapeworm using her as a glove puppet to lead an uprising in Hollywood . We 're writing a whole pile of new songs and we 're going to do some live dates soon . '' The band made their live débuts at free shows in London and Leeds in the two days before the band played on the Lock Up Stage at Reading and Leeds Festival . Their self-titled debut album was released on 26 May 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0d44bb5426ec909d29c030e822064ba",
"text": "Pro-Pain Pro-Pain is a New York-based heavy metal/hardcore punk band formed in 1991 by vocalist and bassist Gary Meskil and drummer Dan Richardson , both former members of Crumbsuckers . Their debut album Foul Taste of Freedom was released in 1992 , displaying hardcore punk and rap metal influences , after which the band was signed to Roadrunner Records , who reissued the album the following year . Their second album The Truth Hurts was initially banned due to the sleeve artwork , featuring a picture of a stitched-up woman after an autopsy . The band has released several more albums with a varying line-up over the years . The self-produced album Act of God saw the band signed to Nuclear Blast Records after they had relocated to Sarasota . The same label released Round 6 in 2000 and the live album Road Rage in 2001 . In 2004 they released their first album for Candlelight Records , Fistful of Hate . Tom Klimchuck left the band in 2011 due to `` unexpected circumstances regarding some potentially serious health issues . '' He has since been replaced by Adam Phillips of Indorphine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b86a9d74ba90743cae0dd5a2a67cf3b4",
"text": "Mayhem Festival The Mayhem Festival was a touring heavy metal festival that took place during the summer . The inaugural season took place in 2008 ; the festival has since become an annual event across the United States . Most years also include a single date in either Montreal or Toronto , Canada . The tour has been sponsored by the Rockstar Energy Company since the time of its inception . It was assembled by Vans Warped Tour founder Kevin Lyman , and by John Reese ( who was Lyman 's partner on the Taste of Chaos tour ) . On August 2 , 2015 , Reese confirmed that the 2015 festival would be the last one .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0bd168272f271e2c5806041024655bb9",
"text": "Stockholm Syndrome (band) Stockholm Syndrome is an American rock music band formed in Athens , Georgia , as a collaboration between Dave Schools of Widespread Panic and Jerry Joseph of Jerry Joseph and the Jackmormons . The two enlisted Los Angeles drummer Wally Ingram ( Jackson Browne and Sheryl Crow ) , San Francisco guitarist Eric McFadden ( who had previously worked with Keb ' Mo ' , Primus , Les Claypool , and the P Funk All Stars ) , and German keyboardist Danny Dziuk . Dziuk however , has since been replaced on tour by Gov ' t Mule keyboardist Danny Louis . Originally intended as a one-time studio side-project for the musicians , the band released an album in 2004 , Holy Happy Hour , and then went on a nationwide tour in support of the album . The band has toured intermittently since then and on February 16 , 2010 they released a live EP , `` Stockholm Syndrome Live at Streetlight Records , '' which was recorded during an in-store performance at Streetlight Records in Santa Cruz in September 2009 . The band has said that they have gotten another full-length album ready for release . As the band allows audience members to tape their shows , many of their concert recordings can be found at the Internet Archive . The band 's second album , Apollo , was released on February 15 , 2011 . Schools and Joseph wrote the songs after sitting on a porch looking at redwood trees in California . The band recorded in '' a converted chicken coop '' to achieve `` a low-fi garage -LSB- sound -RSB- '' . From the recording sessions , they produced a two-track vinyl record to sell at concerts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d31e561d1484951bd8bb1de7db67be7",
"text": "Red and Black Attack Red And Black Attack was the second release from the Hollywood-based rock band The Icarus Line . The EP was recorded and released very quickly after their debut 7-inch , Highlypuncturingnoisetestingyourabilitytohate on Hellcat Records . The EP was released on New American Dream . This was the band 's first release to appear on CD , as well as New American Dream 's debut release . The vinyl version was pressed by Slowgun Records on clear `` wine '' colored vinyl 7-inches . New American Dream also released the band 's split 7-inch picture disc with Ink & Dagger , and had actually originally signed Ink & Dagger to release their third , and final album on the label . However , after a car crash involving the label 's owner and members of Ink & Dagger , who were on their way to visit The Icarus Line during a rehearsal , the label soon fell apart . The resulting fiasco was the prime reason The Icarus Line did n't record their debut album in 1999 , as originally intended , and ended up signing instead with Crank ! Records . Coincidentally , Ink & Dagger , who had also signed to the label for the release of their third and last album , ended up having Buddyhead release it instead . Other bands on the short-lived label included Discount ( band ) and Kind Of Like Spitting . The label 's folding , resulted in this release being out of print for many years , and a highly sought after collectable . The EP was named as a reference to the band 's visual style , which involved dressing in black with red neckties . This look was abandoned years later , after a number of other bands had started dressing similarly . Some of these bands went on to much greater mainstream success . So , as not to look like the `` copycats '' themselves , this attire was then `` retired '' by The Icarus Line . This release also coincided with yet another of the band 's recurring problems of finding a suitable , and permanent drummer . This is why there is no drummer pictured on the cover of this release , something which confused people for quite some time . At the time of the EP 's release , John Guerra ( F-Minus , Black Fag ) was filling the position . Soon after , the band recruited their fourth drummer , Mike Felix ( Toys That Kill , Ex-Fork ) . As an homage to their former band 's drummer , Tim Childs , The Icarus Line included snippets he had recorded while playing drums at home , very briefly before his death . These were the last known recordings of Tim playing drums . The song `` Separate The Sounds '' , was also quite obviously written about Tim , and his abrupt passing . These home recordings were spliced together during mastering by Blag Dahlia , the singer of The Dwarves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31650548a32e5b4a88e5de4d686f9b67",
"text": "Black Metal (Venom album) Black Metal is the second album by English heavy metal band Venom . It was released in November 1982 , during the great flourishing of metal music in the UK that was the new wave of British heavy metal , and is considered a major influence on the thrash metal , death metal and black metal scenes that emerged in the 1980s and early 1990s . Although lending its name to the latter subgenre of heavy metal , today it is still debated if the album 's music is thrash metal or black metal . AllMusic has described it as `` extreme metal '' , while Moynihan & Søderlind in their book affirm that the album `` carved in stone some of -LSB- black metal 's -RSB- essential features '' . Nevertheless , its lyrics and imagery were a major influence on the early Norwegian black metal scene . The cover art was made by the band 's bassist and singer Conrad `` Cronos '' Lant .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0876e1ddb169ddb71c049f0eba02b85",
"text": "Rollercoaster Tour The Rollercoaster Tour was a 1992 co-headlining concert tour by the English Britpop band Blur , the American indie rock band Dinosaur Jr. , the Irish alternative rock band My Bloody Valentine and the Scottish noise pop band the Jesus and Mary Chain . A one-leg 11-date tour of the United Kingdom , the tour was in support of all four bands ' current releases : Blur 's debut album Leisure ( 1991 ) , Dinosaur Jr. s fourth album Green Mind ( 1991 ) , My Bloody Valentine 's second album Loveless ( 1991 ) and The Jesus and Mary Chain 's fourth album Honey 's Dead ( 1992 ) . The tour was curated by the Jesus and Mary Chain 's vocalist Jim Reid , who `` wanted to break the routine '' of performing in small , frequently played venues -- such as Nottinghams Rock City -- and `` cater to all strands of independent rock music '' . Reid was inspired by , and considered the Rollercoaster Tour a British equivalent to , the North American festival Lollapalooza , which the Jesus and Mary Chain performed at in 1991 and which he considered `` fairly disastrous '' . Each band performed a 45-minute set with no encore and the line-up changed each night of the tour , although the Jesus and Mary Chain performed as the final act on all 11 dates . My Bloody Valentine ceased live performances in the UK after the tour and did not play again until their 2008 reunion tour . The band 's set , which ended with a noise section of their song `` You Made Me Realise '' referred to as the `` holocaust section '' , reportedly caused attendees ' pint glasses to fall out of their hands due to excessive sound pressure levels . Reflecting on the tour , Jim Reid referred to it as `` a lot -LSB- like a -RSB- competition -- who could be the loudest ? Whose was the best film show ? And then there was , who could be most off their tits and still play a show ? '' The Rollercoaster EP , containing material from Blur , My Bloody Valentine , Dinosaur Jr. and the Jesus and Mary Chain , was issued in Melody Maker in March 1992 to promote the tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1dc039c6d63155516badc65bc9c3df4",
"text": "Corrosion of Conformity Corrosion of Conformity ( also known as C.O.C. ) is an American heavy metal band from Raleigh , North Carolina formed in 1982 . For almost the majority of its existence , the band has consisted of guitarist Woody Weatherman , bassist Mike Dean ( who left in 1987 but rejoined six years later ) , drummer Reed Mullin ( who left in 2001 but rejoined nine years later ) and vocalist and rhythm guitarist Pepper Keenan ( who joined the band in 1989 ) . After a hiatus in 2006 , Corrosion of Conformity returned in 2010 without Keenan , who had been busy touring and recording with Down , but announced their reunion with him in December 2014 . Corrosion of Conformity started as a hardcore punk band but later moved towards a slower and blues-tinged heavy metal sound . To date , the band has released nine studio albums , four EPs , one compilation , and one live album . Their first three studio albums -- Eye for an Eye ( 1984 ) , Animosity ( 1985 ) and Blind ( 1991 ) -- attracted the attention of Columbia Records , who signed the band in 1993 . Corrosion of Conformity found success with the release of their 1994 fourth studio album , Deliverance , which peaked at number 155 on the Billboard 200 and spawned the hits `` Albatross '' and `` Clean My Wounds '' . Their 1996 follow-up Wiseblood was also successful , and became Corrosion of Conformity 's highest-charting album in the United States , peaking at number 104 on the Billboard 200 . Their latest album , IX , was released on July 1 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b7dffbdac08c5f20d3a52f82695f9a7",
"text": "Christ Illusion Christ Illusion is the tenth studio album by the American thrash metal band Slayer . Released on August 8 , 2006 , the album received generally favorable critical reviews , and it entered the Billboard 200 at number 5 -- the band 's second highest U.S. chart position . Christ Illusion includes the Grammy Award-winning songs `` Eyes of the Insane '' and `` Final Six '' , and is the band 's first studio album to feature original drummer Dave Lombardo since Seasons in the Abyss ( 1990 ) . It is also the first time since Divine Intervention that they recorded songs in D # tuning . The songs `` Jihad '' , `` Flesh Storm '' , `` Catalyst '' and `` Consfearacy '' were recorded in D # tuning , while the songs `` Catatonic '' , `` Eyes of the Insane '' , `` Skeleton Christ '' , `` Supremist '' , and `` Final Six '' ( bonus track ) were recorded in Drop B tuning . The songs `` Black Serenade '' and `` Cult '' were recorded in C# tuning . Depicting a mutilated Christ painted by longtime collaborator Larry Carroll , the album 's graphic artwork courted controversy . An alternative cover was issued to conservative retailers who felt uncomfortable with the original . The band also put out a censored cover which censored out the offensive artwork . Lyrics , particularly in the song `` Jihad '' , describe the September 11 attacks from the perspective of a terrorist . Following protests , all Indian stocks of the album were recalled and destroyed by EMI India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6436645311be1d5ae70ed9a75eafd893",
"text": "Kent (band) Kent was a Swedish rock band that formed in Eskilstuna , Sweden in 1990 . With members Joakim Berg , Martin Sköld , Sami Sirviö and Markus Mustonen , the band has had numerous radio hits throughout Sweden and Scandinavia and consecutive number-one studio albums on the Sweden top list ( Sverigetopplistan ) beginning with the release of Verkligen ( 1996 ) and led by the single `` Kräm ( så nära får ingen gå ) '' . With origins rooted in distorted rock , they found mainstream success through their alternative rock albums of the mid-1990s , 2000s and 2010s , the latter decades during which they adopted elements of synthpop . With eleven number-one albums , five number-one singles , 23 Swedish Grammy Awards , and over 3 million record sales , Kent is considered the most popular rock/pop group within Sweden and throughout Scandinavia . Vapen & ammunition ( 2002 ) topped the Swedish charts for 95 weeks . Kent is often compared to bands like U2 , Coldplay and Depeche Mode . Because Kent 's songs are primarily performed in Swedish , they are unfamiliar to most English-speaking audiences . Kent briefly attempted an international career with English versions of the albums Isola ( 1997 ) and Hagnesta Hill ( 1999 ) and an accompanying American tour for the former , but stopped after finding less success than they had in Scandinavia . Joakim Berg , the lead singer and lyricist , says `` there are two kinds of lyrics I write . One kind is based in places and the other is based in feelings . You move between those two whether you want to or not . '' `` VinterNoll2 '' is an unlockable track in Career Mode on Guitar Hero World Tour . They have their own SingStar called SingStar Kent released on PlayStation 2 and 3 . The band announced on March 16 , 2016 that they would release their final album , titled Då som nu för alltid , after 26 years of performing . The album was released on May 20 , 2016 . The band 's announcement noted that the dissolution of the band is voluntary and is despite their continued success . Kent 's final concert was held at Tele2 Arena in Stockholm on 17 December 2016 , ending a months-long farewell tour that covered Sweden , Norway , Finland , and Denmark .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14c6b8e973ec633b16a54b65b0c2c208",
"text": "Liquid Tension Experiment (album) Liquid Tension Experiment is the self-titled first studio album by instrumental rock/progressive metal supergroup Liquid Tension Experiment , released on March 10 , 1998 through Magna Carta Records . The group was composed of Dream Theater bandmembers John Petrucci , Jordan Rudess and Mike Portnoy , as well as bassist Tony Levin . Track six , `` Chris and Kevin 's Excellent Adventure '' , is named after the photo sessions for the album in which the photographer kept calling Portnoy `` Chris '' and Levin `` Kevin '' , whilst `` Three Minute Warning '' refers to Levin 's frustration with his bandmates ' insistence on composing rather than spontaneous jamming , and thus his ultimatum to leave the studio within three minutes unless they started to jam . In addition , the album 's back cover includes a disclaimer regarding the length of tracks 9-13 ; * Caution : `` Three Minute Warning '' is not for the musically faint-hearted , impatient , or critics of extreme self-indulgence . If you fall into any of the above categories , please hit the stop button on your CD player after track # 8 . Additionally `` State of Grace '' samples from Maoz Tzur ( Rock of Ages ) , an Ancient Jewish song typically sung around Hanukkah .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "206a0b0ed45c1cb55be69c0328fefd4d",
"text": "Dream Theater (album) Dream Theater is the twelfth studio album by American progressive metal band Dream Theater , released through Roadrunner Records on September 23 , 2013 in Europe and a day later in the United States . The album was written , recorded , mixed , and mastered between January and May 2013 at Cove City Sound Studios in Long Island , New York , the same studio as the band 's previous album , A Dramatic Turn of Events ( 2011 ) . The band made Dream Theater a self-titled album to emphasize that they were moving forward in their career and to make it a reference point for fans . The album 's songs are shorter on average than most Dream Theater songs , with the exception of the 20-minute closer `` Illumination Theory '' . Strings for the album were arranged by Eren Başbuğ , a Berklee College of Music student . Dream Theater moved 34,000 units in the United States in its debut week , charting at number seven and becoming the band 's second highest charting album behind 2009 's Black Clouds & Silver Linings . For its lead single , `` The Enemy Inside '' , the band received their second consecutive Grammy nomination in the Best Hard Rock/Metal Performance category . In early 2014 , Dream Theater toured Europe and America in support of the album and recorded their performance at the Boston Opera House for a live release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62c7e63702aa33408544f1906183c72c",
"text": "Enthroned Enthroned is a black metal band formed in Charleroi in 1993 by Cernunnos . He soon recruited guitarist Tsebaoth and a vocalist from grindcore/black metal band Hecate who stayed until the end of December 1993 . Then bassist/vocalist Sabathan joined . The band released a five-track demo tape in mid-1994 which brought them to the attention of several independent labels . A 7-inch split EP with Ancient Rites was then released by the underground label Afterdark Records . After the label 's demise , Evil Alliance Records ( a sub-label of Osmose Productions ) released Enthroned 's first full-length release , Prophecies of Pagan Fire . Shortly thereafter , the band enlisted second guitarist Nornagest . Eventually , Tseboath was replaced by Nebiros . In 1996 , along with Ancient Rites and Bewitched , Enthroned began an extensive tour of Europe . In April 1997 , as Enthroned was to begin recording Towards the Skullthrone of Satan , Cernunnos hanged himself . Enthroned recorded the album with a session drummer in honor of Cernunnos and performed at the Dragons Blaze festival with newly acquired drummer Namroth Blackthorn . In April 1998 , the band toured the European continent with Dark Funeral and also released the mini CD Regie Axese , which was dedicated to their former drummer Cernunnos . Later that year , they toured again with labelmates Hecate Enthroned and Usurper . At the close of 1998 , the band entered Abyss Studios ( Sweden ) to record The Apocalypse Manifesto . The band 's third album was released in May 1999 and dealt with the biblical concept of the Apocalypse as interpreted by a Norse mythological perspective . Enthroned rounded off the 20th Century on tour with Marduk and continued to tour in Europe . In 2000 , the band parted ways with Nebiros and recruited Nerath Daemon as their new guitarist , went on a German mini tour followed by several other European shows and recorded Armoured Bestial Hell at Real Sound Studio ( Germany ) . This fourth album was released in April 2001 . Namroth Blackthorn was replaced by Alsvid from the French black metal band Seth . Enthroned continued to play many live gigs in and around Europe , as well as in the US . In early 2002 , Enthroned signed to Napalm Records releasing their fifth full-length recording , Carnage in Worlds Beyond , later that year . In June 2003 , Nguaroth ( guitars ) and Glaurung ( drums ) joined Enthroned , which played a South American tour and released their sixth album , XES Haereticum . In 2005 , Enthroned released their first official live album , Black Goat Ritual , recorded during their tour of Brazil . Enthroned parted ways with longtime vocalist Sabathan , at which time Nornagest took over the vocals and Phorgath joined the band on bass . In June 2007 , Enthroned recorded their seventh album Tetra Karcist , seeing the return of old drummer Alsvid for the studio sessions . Ahephahim joined as the new official drummer in June 2007 and Enthroned signed with Regain Records in January 2008 . At this time , some members of the band opened a recording studio , Blackout Multimedia . In the meantime , Ahephaim and Nguaroth left the band due to lack of time and were replaced by ex-Gorgoroth drummer Garghuf . Nerath Daemon took back the position he left five years ago in Enthroned , changing his name to Neraath . Enthroned 's eight album , Pentagrammaton , was released on 22 March 2010 . Since then , Nornagest has given up playing guitar in live performances , due to chronic tendonitis in his wrist , and has instead become the band 's frontman . Former members Lord Sabathan and Nguaroth joined the band for a one-off live performance in 2010 as an act of reconciliation . In September 2011 , Enthroned announce that their collaboration with Regain Records has ended while the band was busy recording their ninth studio album .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
630f37a2ef946e4218a0d89ccfccf839 | Overwatch is individual-based. | [
{
"docid": "8c315ca88aee004acf8909bc798e6339",
"text": "Overwatch (video game) Overwatch is a team-based online multiplayer first-person shooter video game developed and published by Blizzard Entertainment . It was released in May 2016 for Windows , PlayStation 4 , and Xbox One . Overwatch assigns players into two teams of six , with each player selecting one of 24 pre-defined characters , called heroes , each with unique movement , attributes , and abilities , whose roles are divided into four categories : Offense , Defense , Tank , and Support . Players on a team work together to secure and defend control points on a map or escort a payload across the map in a limited amount of time . Players gain cosmetic rewards that do not affect gameplay , such as character skins and victory poses , as they play the game . The game was initially launched with casual play , with a competitive ranked mode , various ` arcade ' game modes , and a player-customizable server browser subsequently included following its release . Additionally , Blizzard has developed and added new characters , maps , and game modes post-release , while stating that all Overwatch updates will remain free , with the only additional cost to players being microtransactions to earn additional cosmetic rewards . Overwatch is Blizzard 's fourth major franchise and came about following the 2014 cancellation of the ambitious massively multiplayer online role-playing game Titan . A portion of the Titan team came up with the concept of Overwatch , based on the success of team-based first-person shooters like Team Fortress 2 and the growing popularity of multiplayer online battle arenas , creating a hero-based shooter that emphasized teamwork . Some elements of Overwatch borrow assets and concepts from the canceled Titan project . After establishing the narrative of an optimistic near-future Earth setting after a global crisis , the developers aimed to create a diverse cast of heroes that spanned genders and ethnicities as part of this setting . Significant time was spent adjusting the balance of the characters , making sure that new players would still be able to have fun while skilled players would present each other with a challenge . Overwatch was unveiled at BlizzCon 2014 in a fully playable state and was in a closed beta from late 2015 through early 2016 . An open beta in May 2016 drew in more than 9.7 million players . The release of the game was promoted with short animated videos to introduce the game 's narrative and each of the characters . Upon official release , Overwatch received universal acclaim from critics , who praised the game for its accessibility , diverse appeal of its hero characters , bright cartoonish art style , and enjoyable gameplay . Considered one of the best games released in 2016 , the game received numerous accolades , including being awarded Game of the Year at The Game Awards , D.I.C.E. Awards , and Game Developers Choice Awards , as well as from numerous publications . Since its release , Overwatch has become recognized as an eSport , where in addition to sponsoring tournaments , Blizzard has announced plans to help support professional league play starting in 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7901ed056ffdb74d6debf58a2f5805ec",
"text": "European Go players The board game of Go was created in East Asia , and is still dominated by Japan , Korea and China . However , since the late 1900s several high-level players have grown and become active in Europe . Some of them are players from Asia who came to promote the game of go in Europe . Mainly , though , the players were born in Europe , sometimes with strong support from Asian Go professionals , and a few of the Europeans have themselves become professional players . In general , every country in Europe has its own national federation or association , which is affiliated to the European Go Federation ( EGF ) , and each national body manages the activities linked to the game of go in their own country . The activities are almost exclusively undertaken by volunteers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b97ea2d2e46a1714fa41f08975d97ba",
"text": "Go ranks and ratings Skill in the traditional board game Go is measured by a number of different national , regional and online ranking and rating systems . Traditionally , go rankings have been measured using a system of dan and kyu ranks . Especially in amateur play , these ranks facilitate the handicapping system , with a difference of one rank roughly corresponding to one free move at the beginning of the game . This system is also commonly used in many oriental martial arts , where it often corresponds with a belt color . With the ready availability of calculators and computers , rating systems have been introduced . In such systems , a rating is rigorously calculated on the basis of game results .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f5cc884c33d51de27c086f4cfc7833a",
"text": "Bartle taxonomy of player types The Bartle taxonomy of player types is a classification of video game players ( gamers ) based on a 1996 paper by Richard Bartle according to their preferred actions within the game . The classification originally described players of multiplayer online games ( including MUDs and MMORPGs ) , though now it also refers to players of single-player video games . The taxonomy is based on a character theory . This character theory consists of four characters : Achievers , Explorers , Socializers , and Killers . These are imagined according to a quadrant model where the X axis represents preference for interacting with other players vs. exploring the world and the Y axis represents preference for interaction vs. unilateral action . A test known as Bartle Test of Gamer Psychology based on Bartle 's taxonomy was created in 1999 -- 2000 by Erwin Andreasen and Brandon Downey , containing a series of questions and an accompanying scoring formula . Although the test has met with some criticism for the dichotomous nature of its question-asking method , as of October 2011 , it had been taken over 800,000 times . The result of the Bartle Test is the `` Bartle Quotient '' , which is calculated based on the answers to a series of 30 random questions in the test , and totals 200 % across all categories , with no single category exceeding 100 % . For example , a person may score `` 100 % Killer , 50 % Socializer , 40 % Achiever , 10 % Explorer '' , which indicates a player who prefers fighting other players relative to any other area of interest . Scores are typically abbreviated by the first letter of each category , in order of the quotient . In the previous example , this result would be described as a `` KSAE '' result .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55fbafec685f5678c16daae264c54671",
"text": "Skin gambling In video games , skin gambling is the use of virtual goods , which are most commonly cosmetic elements such as `` skins '' which have no direct influence on gameplay , as virtual currency to bet on the outcome of professional matches or on other games of chance . It primarily has occurred within the player community for the game Counter-Strike : Global Offensive by Valve Corporation , but practice of it exists in other game communities . Valve also runs the Steam marketplace which can be interfaced by third-parties to enable trading , buying , and selling of skins from players ' Steam inventories for real-world or digital currency , though Valve itself condones the gambling practices . Valve added random skin rewards as part of an update to Counter-Strike : Global Offensive in 2013 , believing that players would use these to trade with other players and bolster both the player community and its Steam marketplace . A number of websites were created to bypass monetary restrictions Valve set on the Steam marketplace to aid in high-value trading and allowing users to receive cash value for skins . Some of these sites subsequently added the ability to gamble on the results of professional matches or in games of chance with these skins , which in 2016 was estimated to handle around $ 5 billion of the virtual goods . These sites , along with Valve and various video game streamers , have come under scrutiny due to ethical and legal questions relating to gambling on sporting matches , underage gambling , undisclosed promotion , and outcome rigging . Evidence of such unethical practices was discovered in June 2016 , and led to two formal lawsuits filed against these sites and Valve in the following month . Valve subsequently has taken steps to stop such sites from using Steam 's interface for enabling gambling , leading to about half of these sites to close down , while driving more of the skin gambling into an underground economy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65d28c5973354e3828725d1152a42ae9",
"text": "All-America This article is about the concept in sports teams . For similarly-named articles , see All American . An All-America team is a hypothetical American sports team composed of outstanding amateur players . These players are broadly considered by media and other relevant commentators as the best players in a particular sport , of a specific season , for each team position . Such athletes at the high school and college level are given the honorific title and typically referred to as `` All-American athletes '' or simply `` All-Americans '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2442919c15283120b7770493d2b082a4",
"text": "List of Game of the Year awards Game of the Year ( abbreviated GotY ) is a title awarded by various gaming publications to a deserving game . Many publications award a single `` Game of the Year '' to a single title that they feel represents the pinnacle of gaming achievement that year . Many games will release a `` Game of the Year '' edition after winning any of these awards , usually containing all the updates , downloadable content ( DLC ) and occasionally other extras such as a soundtrack .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f197a5e1830a42fa4ce7422e42ebdd5",
"text": "Multiplayer online game A multiplayer online game is a multiplayer video game which can be played via a game server over the internet , with other players around the world . Some prominent examples of this include fighting games ( e.g. Street Fighter IV and Tekken 6 ) , sports games ( e.g. NHL 14 and Grid Autosport ) , older online games ( e.g. Sega Meganet titles ) , first-person shooters ( Battlefield 2 , BZFlag , Call of Duty , Counter-Strike , Quake 3 , Resistance 3 and Unreal Tournament ) , a subgenre of shooter games called hero shooter ( Battleborn , Overwatch and Paladins ) , strategy video games ( e.g. Warcraft 3 and StarCraft or II ) and a subgenre of strategy games called multiplayer online battle arena ( e.g. Defense of the Ancients , League of Legends , Dota 2 and Heroes of the Storm ) . These games differ from massively multiplayer online game ( MMO ) in that they do not create a persistent world , but create a playing arena for the purpose of a single game or round . In other words , they rely on a game listen server used only for that round , and there can be numerous servers all around the world . MMO games on the other hand , rely on dedicated servers , as these games must be running continuously .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b918912ceb79858f9aba95f26fcc8e6",
"text": "OpTic Gaming OpTic Gaming , LLC. , also known as the The Green Wall , is a professional American eSports team and competitive gaming company specializing in the FPS genre . OpTic currently has teams playing Call of Duty , Halo , Counter-Strike : Global Offensive , and Gears of War . It was founded in 2006 by Ryan `` OpTic J '' Musselman and `` OpTic KR3W '' . The company is owned by Hector `` H3CZ '' Rodriguez . OpTic Gaming are two time X Games champions , winning in 2014 and 2015 respectively . On 3 December 2015 , OpTic Gaming won the Best eSports Team of the Year at The Game Awards 2015 . The organization holds many rivalries most notably eClasico with Team EnVyUs and The War with FaZe Clan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a099e2021aedfb00a38b6931a110a41",
"text": "Draft (sports) A draft is a process used in some countries and sports to allocate certain players to teams . In a draft , teams take turns selecting from a pool of eligible players . When a team selects a player , the team receives exclusive rights to sign that player to a contract , and no other team in the league may sign the player . The best-known type of draft is the entry draft , which is used to allocate players who have recently become eligible to play in a league . Depending on the sport , the players may come from college , high school or junior teams or teams in other countries . An entry draft is intended to prevent expensive bidding wars for young talent and to ensure that no one team can sign contracts with all of the best young players and make the league uncompetitive . To encourage parity , teams that do poorly in the previous season usually get to choose first in the postseason draft , sometimes with a `` lottery '' factor to discourage teams from deliberately losing . Other types of drafts include the expansion draft , in which a new team selects players from other teams in the league ; and the dispersal draft , in which a league 's surviving teams select players from the roster of a newly defunct franchise . Drafts are usually permitted under anti-trust or restraint of trade laws because they are included in collective bargaining agreements between leagues and labor unions representing players . These agreements generally stipulate that after a certain number of seasons , a player whose contract has expired becomes a free agent and can sign with any team . They also require minimum and sometimes maximum salaries for newly drafted players . National Football League President Joseph Carr instituted a draft in 1935 as a way to restrain teams ' payrolls and reduce the dominance of the league 's perennial contenders . It was adopted by the precursor of the National Basketball Association in 1947 ; by the National Hockey League in 1963 ; and by Major League Baseball in 1965 , although draft systems had been used in baseball since the 19th century . Drafts are uncommon outside the U.S. and Canada , and most professional football clubs obtain young players through transfers from smaller clubs or by developing youth players through their own academies . The youth system is operated directly by the teams themselves , who develop their players from childhood . Parity in these leagues is instead maintained through promotion and relegation , which automatically expels the weakest teams from a league in exchange for the strongest teams in the next lower league . The result is a drastically different endgame for poor teams : a North American sports team may see the opportunity to get better through the draft after a poor season , but a European club will instead be relegated down to a league with less money and prestige , potentially exacerbating the problems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c246a8b946943b6a5cb78dd48acd1b93",
"text": "Pokémon notice is a media franchise managed by The Pokémon Company , a Japanese consortium between Nintendo , Game Freak , and Creatures . The franchise copyright is shared by all three companies , but Nintendo is the sole owner of the trademark . The franchise was created by Satoshi Tajiri in 1995 , and is centered on fictional creatures called `` Pokémon '' , which humans , known as Pokémon Trainers , catch and train to battle each other for sport . The franchise began as a pair of video games for the original Game Boy that were developed by Game Freak and published by Nintendo . It now spans video games , trading card games , animated television shows and movies , comic books , and toys . Pokémon is the second best-selling video game franchise , behind only Nintendo 's Mario franchise and the highest-grossing media franchise of all time . The franchise is also represented in other Nintendo media , such as the Super Smash Bros. series . Cumulative sales of the video games ( including home console games , such as Hey You , Pikachu ! for the Nintendo 64 ) have reached more than 290 million copies . In November 2005 , 4Kids Entertainment , which had managed the non-game related licensing of Pokémon , announced that it had agreed not to renew the Pokémon representation agreement . The Pokémon Company International ( formerly Pokémon USA Inc. ) , a subsidiary of Japan 's Pokémon Co. , oversees all Pokémon licensing outside of Asia . As of May 2016 , the Pokémon franchise has grossed revenues of ¥ 6.0 trillion worldwide ( equivalent to US$ 50.4 billion ) . The franchise celebrated its tenth anniversary in 2006 . 2016 marks the 20th anniversary of the release of the original games , with the company celebrating by airing an ad during Super Bowl 50 , issuing re-releases of Pokémon Red , Blue , and Yellow , and completely redesigning the way the newest games are played . The mobile augmented reality game Pokémon Go was released in July 2016 . The first seventh-generation games Pokémon Sun and Moon were released worldwide on November 18 , 2016 . A live-action film adaptation based on Great Detective Pikachu is planned to start production in 2017 . The English slogan for the franchise is `` Got ta Catch 'Em All '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f2aee977d56bd3506d6c0cdbdd9adf2",
"text": "Golf instruction Golf instruction is the art of equipping and training golfers to play better golf through improved awareness of swing cause and effects as a result of the actions by their body , the club , and their effect on the golf ball . Most great golfers have a few common elements that make them great including : proper intentionality , swing repeatability to produce an action that fits the golfers intentionality , and a strong level of automaticity for long lasting enjoyment of the game golf . Golf instruction is unique as golf consists of five primary skills : shots from a tee ( most notable : driving that uses a driver ) , full shots from the ground ( mostly known as `` iron shots '' , pitching ( or 3/4 shots designed for distance control , chipping ( short shots around the green the require less than a full swing ) , putting ( 1 club preferably `` the putter '' ) and course strategy or gamesmanship . Proficiency in teaching golf instruction requires not only technical and physical ability , but also knowledge of the rules and etiquette of the game . Golf instruction offered on many platforms in the United States including : the PGA of America , GolfTEC , and independent golfers who `` may '' or `` may not '' have credentials that are recognized by credible teachers certified sources such as the PGA of America . Although there are many great golf instructors in the United States , who are PGA Class A Professionals , not all great instructors carry this status nor find it a major determiner of golf instruction proficiency . Golf Instruction can be wide ranging , but many great modern day instructors are able to diagnose and prescribe swing frustrations accurately and present a clear fix that encourages the golfer in the discovery of lasting repeatability from the specific ailment that `` plagued '' them from a sound repeatable swing to play a golf course successfully ( varying terms of success as a golfer ) Many modern instructors include the following in their diagnosis 1 . visual feedback through video and bio motion analysis 2 . personalized golf club fitting for individual body and swing types 3 . on-course play under real conditions 4 . mental performance development 5 . golf specific body conditioning for optimal golf bio-mechanics Beginning players can start lesson in several ways , but most do so in either a group or individual setting , covering the five primary skills of golf as noted above golf swing . Golf is an asymmetrical exercise that can break body balances , requiring also adequate exercises to keep the balance in muscles . Experienced recreational players often return for instruction , either to fix a specific problem they are encountering or to improve their game . Reconstruction of a golf swing to reach a high level of play often involves series of lessons over an extended period of time . Junior golfers often begin receiving instruction by age 10 or younger , and often retain private teachers even when coached on a high school golf team . Some top instructors who work with professional golfers have become quite well known in their own right over the years , including Harvey Penick , Jack Grout , Dick Harmon , David Leadbetter , Butch Harmon , Hank Haney , Chip Thomson , Sean Foley , and Mike Bennett and Andy Plummer . Some of the teachers maintain teaching facilities or schools where they or their disciples use their methods or systems . A few instructors focus solely on a particular aspect of the sport , such as Dave Pelz with the short game . Some famous golfers have been tightly bound with their instructor , such as Jack Nicklaus with Jack Grout , while in other cases golfers have made high-profile switches from one instructor to another , such as Tiger Woods moving from Butch Harmon to various other instructors . Recreational golfers are constantly seeking tips on how to improve , and the major golf publications such as Golf Magazine and Golf Digest devote substantial portions of their pages to instructional material of various kinds , often written by top-level instructors . Even television broadcasts of professional golf tournaments often contain short instructional segments , delivered by commentators who are also instructors such as Peter Kostis . Golf instruction may be augmented by training aids such as specially weighting or jointed clubs , putting cups for practice on the den room carpet , mini practice tees with feedback for use in garages , et cetera . Some training aids are sold via television infomercials and the more peculiar varieties were satirized in the 1996 film Tin Cup . Golf instruction is no guarantee of success or improved play in the game . Bad mechanics can be deeply ingrained in a subject 's swing , and psychological factors can also hinder progress . The 2009 Golf Channel program The Haney Project : Charles Barkley showcased some of these issues , as Hank Haney attempted to fix former NBA great Charles Barkley 's infamously bad swing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d84a314d5858449ea1671815afeb2ae3",
"text": "3v3 Soccer 3v3 Soccer is a variety of soccer played between two teams . Each team may only have 3 players on the field at a time ( hence providing the name , `` 3 v 3 '' , `` 3 versus 3 '' , or `` 3 on 3 '' ) . This style of soccer is more commonly referred to as a `` small-sided '' game , as compared to a full game with larger teams . The field used is smaller than a regulation soccer pitch , instead it typically is 30 yards wide by 40 yards long , although these dimensions vary quite a bit when the game is played indoors due to the varied styles and sizes of indoor pitches . It uses a much smaller goal than fullsided soccer . In most 3v3 there is no keeper , although one variant , 3v3 Micro Soccer , does use a keeper . `` 3v3 Soccer '' is claimed to be the fastest growing form of soccer in the World . Its greatest popularity is in the United States , where hundreds , and perhaps thousands of Tournaments take place each year , however it is also now begun to catch on in many other countries . Nike helped to popularize it with its international Joga3 Joga Bonito Tour back in 2006 , in which teams qualified at local events around the World , culminating in a big 3v3 World Cup played in Brazil . It is a much faster paced , and higher scoring game than traditional full sided soccer . The speed of the attack , the use of triangulation , and the strategies bring aspects of Hockey into the game . The quick shift from one end of the field to the other after a goal is scored , or upon loss of possession is reminiscent of Basketball . It requires the blending of individual skills with teamwork . Its gain in popularity is largely because every member of the team gets equal playing time , and equal touches on the ball . All players on the field are a part of the play . Because of the speed of the game , and the fact that players are constantly in motion , there are frequent substitutions . A typical player may be rotated on six times or more in one game . There are no permanently assigned positions as there are in full sided soccer , giving each team member equal status and equal importance . This helps to develop individual skills . Currently there are Four major tours in the United States , Colorado based Kick it 3v3 Soccer http://www.kickit3v3.com/ with their World Championship 's held at the ESPN Wide World Of Sports Complex in Florida , Utah based 3v3 Live , Florida based Challenge3v3 and 3v3 World Tour , a 3v3 soccer tour that offers a 3v3 ranking system . There is also a new California based US 3v3 Soccer is promoting 3v3 soccer throughout California and the West . Canada also finally has its own home grown tour attempting to promote 3v3 there . Ontario based Ultimate 3 on 3 Soccer is the first Canadian based 3v3 Soccer Tour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4998a0c2539a98c180654e422c59ba8d",
"text": "100 Thieves One Hundred Thieves , is a professional American eSports team , founded by Matthew `` Nadeshot '' Haag on April 18 , 2016 . Upon establishment , 100 Thieves signed the Call of Duty team KingPapey in the middle of the Call of Duty World League Relegation Season 1 , after they eliminated Call of Duty veterans ; Team Kaliber . The team currently only competes in Call of Duty . The team captain is Patrick `` ACHES '' Price . On May 18 , 2016 Nelson left 100 Thieves , calling out the team 's lackluster performance . However , he rejoined the team on May 23 , 2016 after the team released Johnny and Examples , bringing on Remy to the roster . The entire roster was released on July 7 , 2016 after a last place finish in the Call of Duty World League Season 2 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b14b2920e4401c45831c189eb90b67a9",
"text": "Daily fantasy sports Daily fantasy sports ( DFS ) are a subset of fantasy sport games . As with traditional fantasy sports games , players compete against others by building a team of professional athletes from a particular league or competition while remaining under a salary cap , and earn points based on the actual statistical performance of the players in real-world competitions . Daily fantasy sports are an accelerated variant of traditional fantasy sports that are conducted over short-term periods , such as a week or single day of competition , as opposed to those that are played across an entire season . Daily fantasy sports are typically structured in the form of paid competitions typically referred to as a `` contest '' ; winners receive a share of a pre-determined pot funded by their entry fees . A portion of entry fee payments go to the provider as rake revenue . In the United States , the daily fantasy sports industry is dominated by two competing services : the New York-based FanDuel , and the Boston-based DraftKings . Both companies were established as venture capital-backed startup companies , received funding from investment firms , sports broadcasters , leagues , and team owners , and became known for the aggressive marketing of their services . As of September 2015 , both companies have an estimated value of at least $ 1 billion , and control 95 % of the U.S. DFS market . The two primarily compete against smaller DFS services , such as Fantasy Aces and Yahoo! Sports . The popularity of the daily fantasy format has been credited to its convenience in comparison to season-length games , as well as the focus on major cash prizes in the promotion of these services . Daily fantasy has also been credited with helping to improve television viewership and engagement with sports . Daily fantasy sports have faced notable legal challenges , including disputes over whether DFS constitutes gambling . Politicians and other critics have argued that due to their format , players are essentially making proposition wagers on the varying performance of individual athletes in specific games , and not managing the performance of their selections on a week-to-week basis . Proponents have defended DFS as being a game of skill , as the required familiarity with the players and teams , as well as salary cap management , rewards skilled players . Local laws have varying definitions of gambling games , such as whether a game 's elements of chance are predominant over those or skill , or how much control the player has over the outcome of the game . In the United States , the legality of DFS has been determined on a state-by-state basis based on local gambling laws and other rulings . The federal Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act ( UIEGA ) contains language dictating that fantasy sports are not considered an unlawful wager under the act ; however , the act only prohibits the electronic transfer of funds from unlawful gambling as defined under state laws . A number of state attorneys general have issued opinions concluding that DFS is a form of illegal gambling , while the state of Nevada declared that DFS games must be licensed as a sports pool . The New York State ruling , which resulted from an investigation of DFS services after it was alleged that employees working for DraftKings and FanDuel had used inside information to win cash prizes from each other , spawned retaliatory lawsuits from the companies which alleged that the rulings were the result of a misinterpretation of the nature of their services . The state has since joined other states , such as Massachusetts and Virginia , in choosing to legalize and regulate DFS rather than prohibit it .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aa540b3bced3277266420672f4d63f29",
"text": "StarCraft: Brood War StarCraft : Brood War is the expansion pack for the military science fiction real-time strategy video game StarCraft . Released in 1998 for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS , it was co-developed by Saffire and Blizzard Entertainment . The expansion pack introduces new campaigns , map tilesets , music , extra units for each race , and upgrade advancements . The campaigns continue the story from where the original StarCraft ended , with the sequel StarCraft II : Wings of Liberty continuing from the conclusion of Brood War . The expansion was released in the United States on 30 November 1998 . Brood War was critically well received , with reviewers praising it for being developed with the care of a full game rather than as an uninspired extra . As of 31 May 2007 , StarCraft and Brood War have sold almost ten million copies combined . The game is especially popular in South Korea , where professional players and teams participated in matches , earned sponsorships , and competed in televised matches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfe81724965e80d9b5787c4ce7f82f3c",
"text": "Sports betting Sports betting is the activity of predicting sports results and placing a wager on the outcome . The frequency of sports bet upon varies by culture , with the vast majority of bets being placed on association football , American football , basketball , baseball , hockey , mixed martial arts , track cycling , and boxing at both the amateur and professional levels . Sports betting can also extend to non-athletic events , such as reality show contests and political elections , and non-human contests such as horse racing , greyhound racing and illegal , underground dog fighting . Sports bettors place their wagers either legally , through a bookmaker/sportsbook , or illegally through privately run enterprises referred to as `` bookies '' . The term `` book '' being a reference to the books used by wagebrokers to track wagers , payouts , and debts . The majority of legal sportsbooks are found online , operated over the internet from jurisdictions separate from the clients they serve , usually to get around various gambling laws ( such as the Unlawful Internet Gambling Enforcement Act of 2006 in the United States ) in select markets , such as Las Vegas , Nevada , or on gambling cruises through self-serve kiosks . They take bets `` up-front '' , meaning the bettor must pay the sportsbook before placing the bet . Illegal bookies , due to the nature of their business , can operate literally anywhere but only require money from losing bettors and do n't require the wagered money up front , creating the possibility of debt to the bookie from the bettor . This creates a number of other criminal elements , thus furthering their illegality . Sportsbetting has resulted in a number of scandals in sport , affecting the integrity of sports events through various acts including point shaving ( players affecting the score by missing shots ) , spot-fixing ( a player action is fixed ) , bad calls from officials at key moments , and overall match fixing ( the overall result of the event is fixed ) . Examples are the 1919 World Series , the alleged ( and later admitted ) illegal gambling of former MLB player Pete Rose , and former NBA referee Tim Donaghy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca3a0b59e2567022a24264ead73abb9e",
"text": "Scenario paintball Scenario paintball is a type of paintball game in which players participate in a scenario , or story ; and may include historical re-enactments , futuristic or video game simulations . Games tend to last in the range of hours or days , and may include a large group of players . The largest paintball scenario games are the Skirmish Invasion of Normandy ( ION ) scenario & Oklahoma D-DAY , both of which attract upwards of 4,000 players annually . Scenario games are almost always objective-driven in regard to scoring . Each team must complete a series of missions to score points . These may be simple `` capture the flag at this location '' missions to elaborate missions involving props , multiple locations , interactive non-player characters and more . To further enhance the theme of a game , field locations may be named for important story locations , and props of various sorts are added to the game . These may be objects that players collect for points , or even vehicles that take part in the fighting , like paintball tanks . Players may don costumes specific to the theme , such as historic military uniforms or other costumes . Scenario events are usually planned far in advance , both by the event `` producers '' or fields , and by the players themselves . Players may form large , lasting networks of players and teams that play together year after year in a specific scenario . These organizations help plan game strategy and direct their groups on the field and offer a level of organization beyond the basic two-sided team play . Like all forms of paintball , scenario paintball has a very good per-capita safety record . Due to longer play times , heat-related injuries are one of the more common injuries in scenario paintball . Many players often carry 1 - to 3-liter water bladders , allowing players to drink water without removing their safety masks , to combat heat and dehydration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bf3827eb70598dd95733a782b80e7c6",
"text": "High roller A high roller , also referred to as a whale , is a gambler who wagers large amounts of money . High rollers often receive lavish `` comps '' from casinos to lure them onto the gambling floors , such as free private jet transfers , limousine use and use of the casinos ' best suites . Casinos may also extend credit to a player to continue betting , offer rebates on betting turnover or losses , and salaries of employees may also contain incentive arrangements to bring in high rollers . The definition of a high roller varies . At Crown Casino in Australia , for example , it involves bringing between A$ 50,000 and $ 75,000 to the table . High roller players often have very high table limits allowing the high roller exclusive use . Casinos compete on bet limits . In Australia limits of A$ 300,000 are common , in Las Vegas they are between US$ 150,000 and $ 300,000 , and in Macau they are up to US$ 500,000 . Only casinos with `` substantial financial firepower '' can accommodate high-stakes gambling due to the `` volatility '' of results . High rollers may also be subject to exceptions from various rules and regulations ; for example the high roller rooms at Crown Casino in Melbourne , Australia are the only licensed venue in the state not subject to a ban on smoking . High rollers are said to provide only a small fraction of casino `` action . '' John Eidsmoe , in his book Legalized Gambling : America 's Bad Bet , claims that it is actually gamblers from the lower and lower-middle classes in the United States that provide much of the gambling money . `` The occasional wealthy ` high roller ' does indeed exist , but he is the exception , not the standard . The fact that more than 50 % of Nevada 's gambling income comes from slot machines as opposed to the card tables should be an indication high rollers are not the main source of revenue . '' One example of a high roller is an Australian man who turned over more than A$ 1.5 billion in a 14-month period from 2005 , becoming `` one of Crown 's largest Australian players but not in the same league as -LSB- its -RSB- top international players '' . There have been many cases around the world where high rollers have committed fraud to provide funds for gambling beyond their means , after becoming seduced by the lifestyle . This was the case with famed gambler Terrance Watanabe who reputedly lost over $ 220M in Las Vegas over a 5-year period , and was ultimately sued by Caesars Entertainment for failing to pay up on markers he took out during the binge totaling $ 14.75 M. While high rollers may not provide a significant portion of the revenues in the casino industry as a whole , they can have a major effect on the net income of casinos that cater to them . There are significant costs associated with attracting the highest stakes gamblers , so if a casino takes this chance and the patron wins , its expenses can be extraordinarily large . But if the casino 's investment pays off and the high roller loses , the casino 's gain can far exceed its expenses for the high roller 's visit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1604c93555b9dbbad60a98c82e7b829",
"text": "Sports marketing Sports marketing is a subdivision of marketing which focuses both on the promotion of sports events and teams as well as the promotion of other products and services through sporting events and sports teams . It is a service in which the element promoted can be a physical product or a brand name . The goal is to provide the client with strategies to promote the sport or to promote something other than sport through sports . Sport marketing is also designed to meet the needs and wants of the consumer through exchange processes . These strategies follow the traditional four `` P '' 's of general marketing Product , Price , Promotion and Place , another four `` P '' 's are added to sport marketing , relating to the fact sports are considered to be a service . The additional 4 P 's are : Planning , Packaging , Positioning and Perception . The addition of the four extra elements is called the `` sport marketing mix . '' Sports marketing is an element of sports promotion which involves a wide variety of sectors of the sport industry including broadcasting , advertising , social media , digital platforms , ticket sales , and community relations . Sports marketing is divided into three sectors . The first is the advertising of sport and sports associations such as the Olympics , Spanish Football league and the NFL , as well as sport teams like Real Madrid and the New York Yankees . The second concerns the use of sporting events , sporting teams and individual athletes to promote various products . The third category is the promotion of sport to the public in order to increase participation . In the first case , the promotion is directly related to sports . In the second case , the products can but do not have to be directly related to sports . When the promotion is about sports in general , the use of this kind of strategy is called `` Marketing of Sports . '' When the promotion is not about the sports but sports events , athletes , teams or leagues are used to promote different products , the marketing strategy is denominated `` Marketing through sports . '' When the promotion is about increasing participation among the public , it is called `` Grassroots Sports Marketing . '' To promote the products or services , the companies and associations use different channels such as sponsorships of teams or athletes , television or radio advertisement during the different broadcast sports events and celebrations , and/or advertisement on sporting venues . `` Street marketing of sport '' considers sport marketing through billboards on the street and also through urban elements ( street lighters and sidewalks , etc. ) to help promote and gain publicity during major worldwide sporting events such as the Football World Cup , the Olympic Games , or the Super Bowl .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
365c26edf2e7294810522d765aa4d8c8 | Whoopi Goldberg won an Oscar. | [
{
"docid": "71f52e9028bca3a7d083d4bc5b94bfb8",
"text": "Whoopi Goldberg Caryn Elaine Johnson ( born November 13 , 1955 ) , known professionally as Whoopi Goldberg ( -LSB- ˈwhʊpi -RSB- ) , is an American actress , comedian , author and television host . She has been nominated for 13 Emmy Awards for her work in television and is one of the few entertainers who have won an Emmy Award , a Grammy Award , an Oscar , and a Tony Award . She was the second black woman in the history of the Academy Awards to win an acting Oscar . In the period drama film The Color Purple ( 1985 ) , her breakthrough role was playing Celie , a mistreated black woman in the Deep South , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress . In the romantic fantasy film Ghost ( 1990 ) , Goldberg played Oda Mae Brown , an eccentric psychic who helped a slain man ( Patrick Swayze ) save his lover ( Demi Moore ) , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress . In 1992 , she starred as a pretend nun in the comedy Sister Act . From 1998 to 2002 , she was co-producer of the television game show Hollywood Squares . Since 2007 , she has been the moderator of the daytime television talk show The View .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c3ec9d899eca67259ed9f51856f87b4f",
"text": "Academy Award for Best Animated Feature The Academy Awards are given each year by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS or the Academy ) for the best films and achievements of the previous year . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature is given each year for animated films . An animated feature is defined by the Academy as a film with a running time of more than 40 minutes in which characters ' performances are created using a frame-by-frame technique , a significant number of the major characters are animated , and animation figures in no less than 75 percent of the running time . The Academy Award for Best Animated Feature was first given for films made in 2001 . Through the 89th Academy Awards , presented in 2017 , Academy Award nominations in this category were made by the Academy 's animation section ; effective with the 2018 awards , all Academy members will be eligible to vote on nominations . The entire AMPAS membership has been eligible to choose the winner since the award 's inception . If there are sixteen or more films submitted for the category , the winner is voted from a shortlist of five films , which has happened six times , otherwise there will only be three films on the shortlist . Additionally , eight eligible animated features must have been theatrically released in Los Angeles County within the calendar year for this category to be activated . Animated films can be nominated for other categories , but have rarely been so ; Beauty and the Beast ( 1991 ) was the first animated film ever nominated for Best Picture . Up ( 2009 ) and Toy Story 3 ( 2010 ) also received Best Picture nominations after the Academy expanded the number of nominees . Waltz with Bashir ( 2008 ) is the only animated film ever nominated for Best Foreign Language Film ( though it did not receive a nomination for Best Animated Feature ) . The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) and Kubo and the Two Strings ( 2016 ) are the only two animated films to ever be nominated for Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5349efb37d6a05cec1e9202ce515c28",
"text": "List of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film This is a list of submissions to the 85th Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film . The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) has invited the film industries of various countries to submit their best film for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film every year since the award was created in 1956 . The award is presented annually by the Academy to a feature-length motion picture produced outside the United States that contains primarily non-English dialogue . The Foreign Language Film Award Committee oversees the process and reviews all the submitted films . Nine shortlisted contenders will be revealed a week before the announcement of the Oscar nominations . The submitted motion pictures must be first released theatrically in their respective countries between 1 October 2011 , and 30 September 2012 . On 8 October 2012 , the Academy announced the final list of eligible submissions , with a record number of 71 films . Nine finalists were announced in December 2012 , which were shortlisted in January , with the final five nominees announced on 10 January 2013 . The Austrian entry Amour directed by Michael Haneke was the eventual winner . Kenya submitted its first film in the Foreign Language category with Nairobi Half Life . Cambodia made its first submission in 18 years ( and its second overall ) with Lost Loves .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "418b9346ac7afc57787551180a3ef4a3",
"text": "Julius J. Epstein Julius J. Epstein ( August 22 , 1909December 30 , 2000 ) was an American screenwriter , who had a long career , best remembered for his screenplay , written with his twin brother , Philip , and Howard E. Koch , of the film Casablanca ( 1942 ) , for which the writers won an Academy Award . It was adapted from an unpublished play , Everybody Comes to Rick 's , written by Murray Bennett and Joan Alison . His identical twin died in 1952 , a loss that he felt for the rest of his life . He continued writing , receiving two more Oscar nominations . In 1998 , he received a Los Angeles Film Critics Association career achievement award . His credits included Four Daughters ( 1938 ) for which he received his first Oscar nomination , The Bride Came C.O.D. ( 1941 ) , The Man Who Came to Dinner ( 1942 ) , Mr. Skeffington ( 1944 ) , The Tender Trap ( 1955 ) , Light in the Piazza ( 1962 ) , Send Me No Flowers ( 1964 ) , Pete 'n' Tillie ( 1972 ) , and Reuben , Reuben ( 1983 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d3e5ec1cd3f4e7a9b318570c7820b9a",
"text": "Black Reel Awards of 2012 The 2012 Black Reel Awards , which annually recognize and celebrate the achievements of black people in feature , independent and television films , took place in Washington , D.C. on February 9 , 2012 . While the film Pariah had the most nominations with nine , The Help was the big winner taking home six out of the seven awards for which it was nominated . Attack the Block and Shame were also multiple winners , with each winning two awards . Octavia Spencer , Viola Davis and Steve McQueen also won two awards apiece .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "216e615ceed26414bedd6beabde5b521",
"text": "Cubby Bryant Paul `` Cubby '' Bryant ( born June 1 , 1971 ) is a radio personality , currently working as the morning host at 103.5 WKTU in New York City From 2006-2008 Cubby served as the co-host and sidekick to Whoopi Goldberg on the nationally syndicated morning show Wake Up With Whoopi . Before joining Whoopi Goldberg as co-host of the morning show , Bryant was at crosstown sister station WHTZ serving as their Afternoon Drive Disc Jockey and Music Director . Bryant began his radio career in his hometown of Virginia Beach , VA at WGH-FM ( 97 Star ) in 1988 , there was where he inherited his current radio name Cubby ( a name given to him by WGH DJ 's Tony Macrini and Jeff Moreau ) for being so young ( at the time 16 ) and in radio . It was a take off of Alabama football coach Paul `` Bear '' Bryant ( no relation ) . Then , Bryant joined 104.1 KRBE in Houston , TX as Night Host and Music Director from 1990-1996 . In 1996 , Bryant began his tenure at WHTZ ( Z100 ) in New York City as Afternoon Drive Host and Music Director . In 2000 , Bryant went around the world with the group Backstreet Boys to promote the release of Black & Blue , the boys traveled around the world in 100 hours to Sweden , Japan , Australia , South Africa , Brazil , and the US ; 55 of the hours were spent traveling and 45 were spent making public appearances . In mid-2006 , Bryant announced he would be leaving WHTZ after a ten-year run with the station to co-host Wake Up With Whoopi . WKTU cancelled Wake Up With Whoopi in November 2007 . In January 2008 , Bryant left Wake Up With Whoopi , still airing in syndication in a few markets , to return to WKTU , this time as the station 's solo morning host . Bryant is a resident of East Brunswick , NJ after moving from New York , NY . He was born and raised in Virginia Beach , Virginia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1fd7d2c11cfdb1fa682d89e56489c1f6",
"text": "A Knight in Camelot A Knight in Camelot is a 1998 television film starring Whoopi Goldberg and Michael York . It was directed by Roger Young , distributed by Disney and is loosely based on Mark Twain 's A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c90d8d450d48b4f16327bda8441a62a4",
"text": "National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress The National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Supporting Actress is one of the annual awards given by the National Society of Film Critics . This awards was given for the first time in 1967 to Marjorie Rhodes for her role in The Family Way . Meryl Streep won this award three times ( record ) : in 1978 for The Deer Hunter , in 1979 for Kramer vs. Kramer , for Manhattan and for The Seduction of Joe Tynan and in 2006 for The Devil Wears Prada and for A Prairie Home Companion . Anjelica Huston ( 1985 and 1989 ) , Dianne Wiest ( 1986 and 1994 ) , Patricia Clarkson ( 2002 and 2003 ) and Amy Adams ( 2005 and 2012 ) each won the award two times . In 2009 , Mo'Nique became the first African-American to win in this category for her performance in Precious .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb2600832a8a97147111f4517a8fb164",
"text": "8th Academy Awards The 8th Academy Awards were held on March 5 , 1936 , at the Biltmore Hotel in Los Angeles , California . They were hosted by Frank Capra . This was the first year in which the gold statuettes were called `` Oscars '' . The category of Best Dance Direction was introduced this year . The DGA successfully lobbied for its elimination three years later . Mutiny on the Bounty became the last film to date to win Best Picture and nothing else ( following The Broadway Melody and Grand Hotel ) , and the only film to receive three nominations for Best Actor . This was the second and last year that write-in votes were allowed at the Oscars . A Midsummer Night 's Dream became the only film to win a write-in Oscar , taking Best Cinematography .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c52d51109c9c5bdf380ddb395113505",
"text": "29th Golden Globe Awards The 29th Golden Globe Awards , honoring the best in film and television for 1971 films , were held on February 6 , 1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb6da3ade65f4b41ad2c6afb050947a9",
"text": "15th Academy Awards The 15th Academy Awards was held in the Cocoanut Grove at The Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles . Best Picture honors went to the film Mrs. Miniver . The ceremony is most famous for the speech by the film 's Oscar-winning actress Greer Garson . Garson 's acceptance speech as Best Actress ran nearly 6 minutes and is generally considered to be the longest acceptance speech at an Academy Awards ceremony . Mrs. Miniver was the second film ( after My Man Godfrey in 1936 ) to receive nominations in all four acting categories , as well as the first film to garner five acting nominations . Also notable at the ceremony , Irving Berlin presented the Academy Award for Best Song , which he ended up winning for `` White Christmas '' . Best Documentary had four winners , something that has not happened before or since . A portion of the ceremony was broadcast by CBS Radio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c45f4f5334cadaf1d57b672a7bed1c9a",
"text": "Grammy Award for Video of the Year The Grammy Award for Video of the Year was an honor presented to recording artists at the 24th Grammy Awards in 1982 and the 25th Grammy Awards in 1983 for music videos . The Grammy Awards , an annual ceremony that was established in 1958 and originally called the Gramophone Awards , are presented by the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences of the United States to `` honor artistic achievement , technical proficiency and overall excellence in the recording industry , without regard to album sales or chart position '' . First presented in 1982 to Michael Nesmith for Elephant Parts , the award was reserved for quality `` video cassettes or discs in any format created specifically for the home video market '' . In 1983 , Olivia Newton-John was presented the award for Olivia Physical . Beginning with the 1984 Grammy Awards , the Video of the Year award category was replaced with the categories Best Video , Short Form and Best Video Album ( now known as Best Music Video and Best Music Film , respectively ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "752227b3b7a63d61f5f2d679802fae77",
"text": "Golden Boot Awards The Golden Boot Awards is an American acknowledgment of achievement honoring actors , actresses , and crew members who have made significant contributions to the genre of Western television and movies . The award is sponsored and presented by the Motion Picture & Television Fund . Money raised at the award banquet is used to help finance various services offered by the Fund to those in the entertainment industry . Actor Pat Buttram conceived the idea of the Golden Boot Award , and the first ones were presented in 1983 . The awards appear to have been discontinued since 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "def0aedff5557d0ee35128535de300bd",
"text": "American Film Institute The American Film Institute ( AFI ) is an American film organization that educates filmmakers and honors the heritage of the motion picture arts in the United States . AFI is supported by private funding and public membership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30ed311ac956a1028dfddf2d661d693a",
"text": "Oscar season The Oscar season is the time period in which Hollywood studios release their more critically acclaimed films , hoping to win at the Academy Awards . Oscar season usually begins in the late-fall and early-winter , around November , and ends on December 31st of that year . although the date in which the summer blockbuster season ends and the Oscar season begins are ambiguous , and dependent on the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce37dbcc323b056860ac87e7f3c05e02",
"text": "Orion Pictures Orion Pictures Corporation is an American motion picture producer and distributor that produced and released films from 1978 until 1999 , and was also involved in television production and syndication throughout the 1980s until the early 1990s . It was formed in 1978 as a joint venture between Warner Bros. and three former top-level executives of United Artists . Although it was never a large motion picture producer , Orion achieved a comparatively high reputation for Hollywood quality . Woody Allen , James Cameron , Jonathan Demme , Oliver Stone , and several other prominent directors worked with Orion during its most successful years from 1978 to 1992 . Of the films distributed by Orion , four won Academy Awards for Best Picture : Amadeus ( 1984 ) , Platoon ( 1986 ) , Dances with Wolves ( 1990 ) , and The Silence of the Lambs ( 1991 ) . Two other Orion films , Hannah and Her Sisters ( 1986 ) and Mississippi Burning ( 1988 ) , were nominated for that same category . In 2013 , Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer revived the Orion name for television ; a year later Orion Pictures was quietly relaunched by the studio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92148a39cdb695da63a7350c7facae1e",
"text": "Election (1999 film) Election is a 1999 American black comedy-drama film directed and written by Alexander Payne and adapted by him and Jim Taylor from Tom Perrotta 's 1998 novel of the same title . The plot revolves around a high school election and satirizes both suburban high school life and politics . The film stars Matthew Broderick as Jim McAllister , a popular high school social studies teacher in suburban Omaha , Nebraska , and Reese Witherspoon as Tracy Flick , around the time of the school 's student body election . When Tracy qualifies to run for class president , McAllister believes she does not deserve the title and tries his best to stop her from winning . Although a box office bomb , Election received critical acclaim . The film received an Academy Award nomination for Best Adapted Screenplay , a Golden Globe nomination for Witherspoon in the Best Actress category , and the Independent Spirit Award for Best Film in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2fd364136cc43319c427dd5db6893544",
"text": "64th Golden Globe Awards 64thGolden Globe Awards January 15 , 2007 Picture -- Drama : Babel Picture -- Musical or Comedy : Dreamgirls TV Series -- Drama : Grey 's Anatomy TV Series -- Musical or Comedy : Ugly Betty The 64th Annual Golden Globe Awards were aired on January 15 , 2007 . Some key dates announced by the Hollywood Foreign Press Association are : The ceremony was broadcast live on NBC . Indicating the impact that animated films have had on the film industry , the Hollywood Foreign Press Association announced in early 2006 that a Golden Globe would be awarded for the Best Animated Feature for the first time at this award ceremony . Dreamgirls won the most awards , with 3 ( including Best Motion Picture -- Musical or Comedy ) . Babel , received the most nominations , with 7 ( only winning 1 , for Best Motion Picture -- Drama ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2de615d218764aca1039ae71fbcd70db",
"text": "20th Satellite Awards The 20th Satellite Awards is an award ceremony honoring the year 's outstanding performers , films , and television shows , presented by the International Press Academy . It took place on February 21 , 2016 . The nominations were announced on December 1 , 2015 . The film The Martian leads all nominees with nine , including Best Film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ae12dec699977fffdbf310bd1fd62a7",
"text": "Producers Guild of America Award for Best Animated Motion Picture The Producers Guild of America Award for Outstanding Producer of Animated Theatrical Motion Pictures is an award annually given since 2005 . Of all the 12 films awarded , 8 have gone on to win the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6b0ee71818ce1008968db260767695c1 | Anna Gunn has won an Oscar for her role in Breaking Bad. | [
{
"docid": "a86eb18f4d0b05fcb21c4927f2ac1047",
"text": "Breaking Bad Breaking Bad is an American crime drama television series created and produced by Vince Gilligan . The show originally aired on the AMC network for five seasons , from January 20 , 2008 , to September 29 , 2013 . It tells the story of Walter White ( Bryan Cranston ) , a struggling high school chemistry teacher diagnosed with inoperable lung cancer . Together with his former student Jesse Pinkman ( Aaron Paul ) , White turns to a life of crime , producing and selling crystallized methamphetamine to secure his family 's financial future before he dies , while navigating the dangers of the criminal world . The title is from a Southern colloquialism meaning to `` raise hell '' . Breaking Bad is set and was filmed in Albuquerque , New Mexico . Walter 's family consists of his wife Skyler ( Anna Gunn ) and children , Walter , Jr. ( RJ Mitte ) and Holly ( Elanor Anne Wenrich ) . The show also features Skyler 's sister Marie Schrader ( Betsy Brandt ) , and her husband Hank ( Dean Norris ) , a Drug Enforcement Administration ( DEA ) agent . Walter hires lawyer Saul Goodman ( Bob Odenkirk ) , who connects him with private investigator and fixer Mike Ehrmantraut ( Jonathan Banks ) and in turn Mike 's employer , drug kingpin Gus Fring ( Giancarlo Esposito ) . The final season introduces the characters Todd Alquist ( Jesse Plemons ) and Lydia Rodarte-Quayle ( Laura Fraser ) . Breaking Bad is widely regarded as one of the greatest television series of all time . By the time the series finale aired , the series was among the most-watched cable shows on American television . The show received numerous awards , including sixteen Primetime Emmy Awards , eight Satellite Awards , two Golden Globe Awards , two Peabody Awards , two Critics ' Choice Awards , and four Television Critics Association Awards . For his leading performance , Cranston won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series four times , while Aaron Paul won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series three times ; Anna Gunn won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series twice . In 2013 , Breaking Bad entered the Guinness World Records as the most critically acclaimed show of all time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "854c2a3acc7891cb2be21d6ef66fe96e",
"text": "Academy Awards The Academy Awards , now known officially as the Oscars , is a set of twenty-four awards for artistic and technical merit in the American film industry , given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , to recognize excellence in cinematic achievements as assessed by the Academy 's voting membership . The various category winners are awarded a copy of a golden statuette , officially called the `` Academy Award of Merit '' , which has become commonly known by its nickname `` Oscar '' . The awards , first presented in 1929 at the Hollywood Roosevelt Hotel , are overseen by AMPAS . The awards ceremony was first broadcast on radio in 1930 and televised for the first time in 1953 . It is now seen live in more than 200 countries and can be streamed live online . The Academy Awards ceremony is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony . Its equivalents -- the Emmy Awards for television , the Tony Awards for theater , and the Grammy Awards for music and recording -- are modeled after the Academy Awards . The 89th Academy Awards ceremony , honoring the best films of 2016 , were held on February 26 , 2017 , at the Dolby Theatre , in Los Angeles , California . The ceremony was hosted by Jimmy Kimmel and was broadcast on ABC . A total of 3,048 Oscars have been awarded from the inception of the award through the 88th .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ea7264008f6eea7bfa0430a380ad0158",
"text": "Nora Grossman Nora Grossman is an American film producer . She and her producing partner Ido Ostrowsky run Bristol Automotive , a production company that they founded in 2012 . She produced the 2014 film The Imitation Game , for which she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture at the 87th Academy Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a",
"text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d965e1ab229fc344edeb47b264ec7d03",
"text": "Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actress The Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actress ( Spanish : Premio Ariel a Mejor Coactuación Femenina ) is an award presented by the Academia Mexicana de Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas ( AMACC ) in Mexico . It is given in honor of an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance in a supporting role while working within the Mexican film industry . In 1947 , the 1st and 2nd Ariel Awards were held , with Lilia Michel winning in both ceremonies for the films Un Beso en la Noche and Vértigo , respectively . With the exception of the years 1959 to 1971 , when the Ariel Awards were suspended , the award has been given annually . Nominees and winners are determined by a committee formed every year consisting of academy members ( active and honorary ) , previous winners and individuals with at least two Ariel nominations ; the committee members submit their votes through the official AMACC website . Since its inception , the award has been given to 47 actresses . Ana Ofelia Murguía and Isela Vega had received the most awards in this category with three Ariels each . Angélica Aragón , Katy Jurado , Ofelia Medina , Lilia Michel , Angelina Peláez , and Eileen Yáñez have been awarded twice ; Jurado was also the first Mexican actress to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the film Broken Lance ( 1954 ) . Murguía is the most nominated performer , with eight nominations , followed by Aragón with six . Nineteen films have featured two nominated performances for Best Supporting Actress , Una Familia de Tantas ( Eugenia Galindo and Martha Roth ) , Fin de Fiesta ( Ana Martín and Helena Rojo ) , Actas de Marusia ( Silvia Mariscal and Patricia Reyes Spíndola ) , Las Poquianchis ( Ana Ofelia Murguía and María Rojo ) , El Lugar Sin Límites ( Ana Martín and Lucha Villa ) , Que Viva Tepito ( Leonor Llausás and Rebeca Silva ) , Vidas Errantes ( Eugenia D'Silva and Josefina González de la Riva ) , Los Motivos de Luz ( Murguía and Dunia Zaldívar ) , Como Agua Para Chocolate ( Pilar Aranda and Claudette Maillé ) , Novia Que Te Vea ( Angélica Aragón and Verónica Langer ) , Dos Crimenes ( Leticia Huijara and Margarita Isabel ) , Mujeres Insumisas ( Regina Orozco and Lourdes Elizarrarás ) , Profundo Carmesí ( Julieta Egurrola and Verónica Merchant , Por Si No Te Vuelvo a Ver ( Zaide Silvia Gutiérrez and Angelina Peláez ) , Un Embrujo ( Luisa Huertas and Mayra Sérbulo ) , Mezcal ( Aída López and Sérbulo ) , Fuera del Cielo ( Martha Higareda and Isela Vega ) , Cinco Días Sin Nora ( Langer and Peláez ) , and Las Oscuras Primaveras ( Margarita Sanz and Cecilia Suárez ) ; Roth , Helena Rojo , Reyes Spíndola , María Rojo , Villa , Murguía , Maillé , Aragón , Isabel , Egurrola , Vega , and Peláez won the award . As of the 2016 ceremony , Adriana Paz is the most recent winner in this category for her role in Hilda .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7375c929ba8e13e3fd6b931caf233ef",
"text": "Anna Palk Anna Palk ( 23 October 1941 -- 1 July 1990 ) was an English actress . Palk was born in Looe , Cornwall , England and educated at Rise Hall Convent in the East Riding of Yorkshire , and trained as an actress at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Arts in London . She followed this with rep at Bristol , Leatherhead , Derby , Newcastle upon Tyne and Leeds before embarking on a successful film and television career . Her stage appearances included productions of ` Smith By Any Other Name ' , ` School for Scandal ' , ` Present Laughter ' , ` Butley ' ( in Vienna ) , ` Sexual Perversions ' ( in Chicago ) and a number of national tours . She was married to stockbroker Derek Brierley with whom she had a son , Jonathan . Her film appearances included Play It Cool ( 1962 ) , The Earth Dies Screaming ( 1964 ) , The Skull ( 1965 ) , Fahrenheit 451 ( 1966 ) , The Frozen Dead ( 1966 ) , The Nightcomers ( 1971 ) and Tower of Evil ( 1972 ) . She also appeared on TV in Witch Hunt ( 1967 ) , The Persuaders ! ( episode `` The Time and the Place '' , 1970 ) , Jason King ( 1971 ) , The Protectors ( 1972-1974 ) and as Lady Sarah in The Main Chance ( 1969 -- 72 ) . She died in 1990 in London , England , of cancer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "890cb53e5414a6e5217cdd7fc4f71c3f",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Angelina Jolie The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actress and filmmaker Angelina Jolie . She received three Golden Globe Awards , two Screen Actors Guild Awards , and an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayals of First Lady of Alabama Cornelia Wallace in George Wallace ( 1997 ) , troubled supermodel Gia Carangi in Gia ( 1998 ) , and a sociopathic mental patient in Girl , Interrupted ( 1999 ) . Her later performances as Mariane Pearl in A Mighty Heart ( 2007 ) and Christine Collins in Changeling ( 2008 ) earned her additional nominations , including for an Academy Award for Best Actress . For her work in the action films Sky Captain and the World of Tomorrow ( 2004 ) , Mr. and Mrs. Smith ( 2005 ) , Wanted ( 2008 ) , and The Tourist ( 2010 ) , Jolie received awards based on popular votes , including an MTV Movie Award , two People 's Choice Awards , and four Teen Choice Awards .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5221594a56dac36b876684487192c230",
"text": "Linda Gray Linda Gray ( born September 12 , 1940 ) is an American film , stage and television actress , director , producer and former model , best known for her role as Sue Ellen Ewing , the long-suffering wife of Larry Hagman 's character on the long-running CBS television drama series Dallas ( 1978 -- 1989 ) , for which she was nominated for the 1981 Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Drama Series . The role also earned her two Golden Globe Award nominations . Gray began her career in the 1960s in television commercials . In the 1970s , she appeared in numerous TV series before landing the role of Sue Ellen Ewing in 1978 . After leaving Dallas in 1989 , she appeared opposite Sylvester Stallone in the 1991 film Oscar . From 1994-1995 , she played a leading role on the Fox drama series Models Inc. . She has also starred in several TV movies , including Moment of Truth : Why My Daughter ? ( 1993 ) and Accidental Meeting ( 1994 ) and reprised her role of Sue Ellen in Dallas : J.R. Returns ( 1996 ) and Dallas : War of the Ewings ( 1998 ) . On stage , she starred as Mrs. Robinson in The Graduate in the West End in 2001 , then on Broadway the following year . In 2007 , she starred as Aurora Greenaway in the world premiere production of Terms of Endearment at the Theatre Royal , York and also the UK national tour . From 2012 to 2014 , Gray again reprised her role of Sue Ellen Ewing in the TNT series Dallas , which continues the original series . After the series was cancelled , Gray returned to stage with the role as Fairy Godmother in the London production of Cinderella .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "345ed170ae56cc348e9582d321657e1f",
"text": "List of awards and nominations received by Sigourney Weaver The following is a list of awards and nominations received by American actress Sigourney Weaver . She won the Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1988 film Working Girl , the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress ( drama ) for the 1988 film Gorillas in the Mist , and the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for the 1997 film The Ice Storm . She is also a three-time Academy Award nominee , three-time Emmy Award nominee and a Tony Award nominee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a1d800f3a58ce0e26dc0d8caddded51",
"text": "Goodfellas Goodfellas ( stylized as GoodFellas ) is a 1990 American crime film directed by Martin Scorsese . It is an adaptation of the 1986 non-fiction book Wiseguy by Nicholas Pileggi , who co-wrote the screenplay with Scorsese . The film narrates the rise and fall of mob associate Henry Hill and his friends over a period from 1955 to 1980 . Scorsese initially named the film Wise Guy and postponed making it ; later , he and Pileggi changed the name to Goodfellas . To prepare for their roles in the film , Robert De Niro , Joe Pesci , and Ray Liotta often spoke with Pileggi , who shared research material left over from writing the book . According to Pesci , improvisation and ad-libbing came out of rehearsals wherein Scorsese gave the actors freedom to do whatever they wanted . The director made transcripts of these sessions , took the lines he liked best , and put them into a revised script , which the cast worked from during principal photography . Made on a budget of $ 25 million , Goodfellas grossed $ 46.8 million . It received positive reviews from critics and was nominated for six Academy Awards , including Best Picture and Best Director , with Pesci winning Best Actor in a Supporting Role . The film won five awards from the British Academy of Film and Television Arts , including Best Film and Best Director . Additionally , Goodfellas was named the year 's best film by various critics ' groups . Goodfellas is widely regarded as one of the greatest films in the crime genre . In 2000 , it was deemed `` culturally , historically , and aesthetically significant '' and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the United States Library of Congress . Its content and style have been emulated in numerous other films and television shows .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9924f378e29c2ba9ce82e2972ecdcaa2",
"text": "List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences has had occurrences of actors and actresses nominated for two different Academy Awards in acting categories in a single year , with the first instance in 1938 . Provided that they receive enough votes from the Academy in both categories to earn a nomination , there are no restrictions on actors being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor and Best Supporting Actor or actresses being nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress in any given year . The sole rule with regard to multiple nominations is that an actor or actress can not receive multiple nominations for the same performance . This rule was introduced in 1944 after Barry Fitzgerald received a Best Actor nomination and a Best Supporting Actor nomination for his performance in Going My Way . As of 2015 , 11 actors and actresses have been nominated for two different Academy Awards in the same year . The first of these actors and actresses was Fay Bainter , who received nominations for her performances in White Banners and Jezebel at the 11th Academy Awards . The most recent occurrence was during the 80th Academy Awards , in which Cate Blanchett received nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There . Seven of these actors and actresses received an Academy Award in one of the categories they were nominated in , and none have won two Academy Awards in the same year . Four did not receive an Academy Award in either category : Sigourney Weaver ( nominations for Gorillas in the Mist and Working Girl ) , Emma Thompson ( nominations for The Remains of the Day and In the Name of the Father ) , Julianne Moore ( nominations for Far from Heaven and The Hours ) , and Cate Blanchett ( nominations for Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5df96c0814e26b36c1c686b0693dcb1b",
"text": "26th Academy Awards The 26th Academy Awards honored the best in films of 1953 . The second national telecast of the Awards show drew an estimated 43 million viewers . Shirley Booth , appearing in a play in Philadelphia , presented the Best Actor award through a live broadcast cut-in , and privately received the winner 's name over the telephone from co-host Donald O'Connor . ( Actor Fredric March co-hosted from New York City . ) Gary Cooper filmed his presentation of the Best Actress award in advance on a set in Mexico , with O'Connor announcing the winner 's name . All the major winners in this year were black-and-white films . The big winner was Fred Zinnemann 's From Here to Eternity , with thirteen nominations and eight awards including Best Picture , Best Supporting Actor , Best Supporting Actress , Best Director , Best Screenplay ( Daniel Taradash ) , Best Cinematography ( Burnett Guffey ) , Best Sound , and Best Film Editing . All five of its major actors and actresses were nominated , with secondary players Donna Reed and Frank Sinatra taking home Oscars . The candid film was based on James Jones ' controversial , best-selling novel about Army life on a Hawaiian ( Oahu ) military base just prior to the Pearl Harbor attack and World War II , illustrating the conflict between an individualistic private ( Montgomery Clift ) and rigid institutional authority ( exemplified by the Army ) . Its achievement of eight awards matched the then record held by Gone with the Wind ( 1939 ) . The record would be tied again the following year by On the Waterfront ( 1954 ) . Walt Disney won four awards , which remains the record for the most Oscars won in the same year . William Holden 's speech for Best Actor for his role in Stalag 17 was simply `` Thank You '' , making it one of the shortest speeches ever ; the TV broadcast had a strict cutoff time which forced Holden 's quick remarks . The frustrated Holden personally paid for advertisements in the Hollywood trade publications to thank everyone he wanted to on Oscar night . He also remarked that he felt that either Burt Lancaster or Montgomery Clift should have won the Best Actor Oscar for From Here to Eternity , instead of him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "702b724dc176667d708bd4f860f839f2",
"text": "AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role The AACTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role is an award presented by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts ( AACTA ) , a non-profit organisation whose aim is to `` identify , award , promote and celebrate Australia 's greatest achievements in film and television . '' The award is presented at the annual AACTA Awards , which hands out accolades for achievements in feature films , television , documentaries and short films . From 1971 -- 2010 , the category was presented by the Australian Film Institute ( AFI ) , the Academy 's parent organisation , at the annual Australian Film Institute Awards ( known as the AFI Awards ) . When the AFI launched the Academy in 2011 , it changed the annual ceremony to the AACTA Awards , with the current award being a continuum of the AFI Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role . It was presented as a special award , from 1971 -- 1975 , and was accompanied with a cash prize , before it became a competitive award from 1976 , onward . Judy Davis is the most nominated actress in this category , with five wins from eight nominations , most recently for her role in The Eye of the Storm ( 2011 ) . Candidates for this award must be human and female , and can not be nominated for the same role in the supporting actress category .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56563307d80f178eefa7f73cb22d6e44",
"text": "78th Academy Awards The 78th Academy Awards ceremony , presented by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences ( AMPAS ) , took place on March 5 , 2006 , at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood , Los Angeles beginning at 5:00 p.m. PST / 8:00 p.m. EST. . The ceremony was scheduled one week later than usual to avoid conflicting with the 2006 Winter Olympics . During the ceremony , AMPAS presented Academy Awards ( commonly referred to as Oscars ) in 24 categories honoring films released in 2005 . The ceremony , televised in the United States by ABC , was produced by Gil Cates and directed by Louis J. Horvitz . Actor Jon Stewart hosted the show for the first time . Two weeks earlier in a ceremony at The Beverly Hilton in Beverly Hills , California held on February 18 , the Academy Awards for Technical Achievement were presented by host Rachel McAdams . Crash won three awards including Academy Award for Best Picture . Other winners included Brokeback Mountain , King Kong , and Memoirs of a Geisha also with three awards apiece , and Capote , The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe , The Constant Gardener , Hustle and Flow , March of the Penguins , The Moon and the Son : An Imagined Conversation , A Note of Triumph : The Golden Age of Norman Corwin , Six Shooter , Syriana , Tsotsi , Walk the Line , and Wallace & Gromit : The Curse of the Were-Rabbit with one each . The telecast garnered nearly 39 million viewers in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "601c999353b05e482bdc578bda7fd3f5",
"text": "38th Saturn Awards The 38th Saturn Awards , honoring the best in science fiction , fantasy and horror film and television in 2011 , were held on July 26 , 2012 in Burbank , California . The awards are presented by the Academy of Science Fiction , Fantasy and Horror Films . The six Best Film Award categories were respectively won by Rise of the Planet of the Apes ( Science Fiction ) , Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 ( Fantasy ) , The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( Horror or Thriller ) , Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol ( Action or Adventure ) , The Skin I Live In ( International ) and Puss in Boots ( Animated ) . Rise of the Planet of the Apes and Super 8 led the winners with three each . In the television categories , Breaking Bad won three of its six nominations , including Best Syndicated/Cable Television Series . Fringe , The Walking Dead and Teen Wolf won the other Best Series Awards . Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows -- Part 2 became the first Harry Potter film to win Best Fantasy Film , for which the seven previous Harry Potter films were nominated , and only the second film of the series to win a Saturn Award , following The Philosopher 's Stone which won Best Costume in 2001 . Mission : Impossible -- Ghost Protocol also became the first Mission : Impossible film to win Best Action or Adventure Film , following the nominations of the first and third installments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb42a86507361b147698c17d487bc3b3",
"text": "Carla Hacken Carla Hacken ( 14 March 1961 ) is an American film producer . Best known for producing critically acclaimed film Hell or High Water ( 2016 ) that earned her Academy Award for Best Picture nomination with Julie Yorn . She is co-president of production at Sidney Kimmel Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "265457bbd71c6794b018f6d68b1e85e8",
"text": "25th Academy Awards The 25th Academy Awards ceremony was held on March 19 , 1953 . It took place at the RKO Pantages Theatre in Hollywood , California , and the NBC International Theatre in New York City . It was the first Academy Awards ceremony to be televised , and the first ceremony to be held in Hollywood and New York City simultaneously . It was also the only year that the New York ceremonies were to be held in the NBC International Theatre on Columbus Circle , which was shortly thereafter demolished and replaced by the New York Coliseum convention center . A major upset occurred in the category of Best Picture . The heavily favored High Noon lost to Cecil B. DeMille 's The Greatest Show on Earth , eventually considered among the worst films to have won the Academy Award for Best Picture . The American film magazine Premiere placed the movie on its list of the 10 worst Oscar winners and the British film magazine Empire rated it # 3 on their list of the 10 worst Oscar winners . It has the lowest spot on Rotten Tomatoes ' list of the 81 films to win Best Picture . Of all the films nominated for the Oscar this year , only High Noon and Singin ' in the Rain would show up 46 years later on the American Film Institute list of the greatest American films of the 20th Century . For a film that only received two nominations , Singin ' in the Rain went on to be named as the greatest American musical film of all time and in the 2007 American Film Institute updated list as the fifth greatest American film of all time , while High Noon was ranked twenty-seventh on the same 2007 list , as well . The Bad and the Beautiful won five awards , the most wins ever for a film not nominated for Best Picture . It was also the second Academy Awards in which a film not nominated for Best Picture received the most awards of the evening , excluding years where there were ties for the most wins . The only other film to do this was The Thief of Bagdad at the 13th Academy Awards ; as of the 87th Academy Awards , it has not happened since . Until Spotlight won only Best Picture and Best Original Screenplay at the 88th Academy Awards , this was the last year in which the Best Picture winner won just two Oscars . It was also the second of three years to date in which two films not nominated for Best Picture received more nominations than the winner ( The Bad and the Beautiful and Hans Christian Andersen , both with six ) . This occurred again at the 79th Academy Awards . Shirley Booth also became the last person to win an Oscar in a Leading Role to be born in the 19th century . She also holds the distinction of being the first woman in her 50s to win the award , at the age of 54 ( the second woman in her 50s to win , Julianne Moore , was 54 when awarded at the 87th Academy Awards ) . John Ford 's fourth win for Best Director set a record for the most wins in this category that remains unmatched to this day . For the first time since the introduction of Supporting Actor and Actress awards in 1936 , Best Picture , Best Director , and all four acting Oscars went to six different films . This has happened only three times since , at the 29th Academy Awards for 1956 , the 78th for 2005 , and the 85th for 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0ca5804f324e01ebd865d46092b39e",
"text": "Anna Nicole Smith Vickie Lynn Hogan professionally known as Anna Nicole Smith ( born November 28 , 1967 -- February 8 , 2007 ) was an American model , actress and television personality . Smith first gained popularity in Playboy , winning the title of 1993 Playmate of the Year . She modeled for fashion companies including Guess , H&M , Heatherette , and Lane Bryant . Smith dropped out of high school and was married three years later in 1985 . Her highly publicized second marriage to J. Howard Marshall resulted in speculation that she married the octogenarian mainly for his money , which she denied . Following Marshall 's death , Smith began a lengthy legal battle over a share of his estate . Her case , Marshall v. Marshall , reached the U.S. Supreme Court on a question of federal jurisdiction , and again on a question of bankruptcy court authority ( now called Stern v. Marshall ) . Smith died on February 8 , 2007 , in a Hollywood , Florida , hotel room as a result of an overdose of prescription drugs . During the final six months of her life , Smith was the focus of renewed press coverage surrounding the death of her son , Daniel , and the paternity and custody battle over her newborn daughter , Dannielynn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46d4f90010e47c56f237401066f2e980",
"text": "Annabella Sciorra Annabella Gloria Philomena Sciorra ( -LSB- ˈʃoʊrə -RSB- , ; born March 29 , 1960 ) is an Italian-American actress . Her film roles include Cadillac Man ( 1990 ) , Jungle Fever ( 1991 ) , The Hand That Rocks the Cradle ( 1992 ) , Cop Land ( 1997 ) and What Dreams May Come ( 1998 ) . She was nominated for a 2001 Emmy Award for playing Gloria Trillo in The Sopranos ( 2001 -- 04 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e41ef3f6650bc75c4daa0feae3e2e03e",
"text": "Anna Biller Anna Biller is an independent American filmmaker who was born and raised in Los Angeles . She is known for her visual style , and for her use of period genres and satire . Her background is mainly in art ( her father is a visual artist , and she has a B.A. in art from U.C.L.A. and an MFA in art and film from The California Institute of the Arts ) . Her 2007 feature film Viva premiered at the International Film Festival Rotterdam , and won the Best of Fest Award at the Boston Underground Film Festival . The film was also entered into the main competition at the 29th Moscow International Film Festival . Reason magazine called Viva an `` uncannily precise rendition of the look , sound , mood , and arch dialogue '' of seventies sexploitation films , with `` high-key , pseudo-Technicolor lighting and spare , colorful set design . '' Her latest film , The Love Witch , is a twist on classic serial killer films , featuring a female killer who kills through calculated sexuality , causing her male victims to fall too much in love . Richard Brody of The New Yorker said of The Love Witch , `` Biller puts genre to the test of do-it-yourself artistry , and puts feminist ideology itself to the test of style . The film pulsates with furious creative energy throughout , sparking excitement and giddy amazement that it even exists . '' In May 2016 , The Love Witch was acquired for distribution by Oscilloscope Laboratories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "266db1c05a1308f55888fac0b067f51a",
"text": "2006 MTV Movie Awards The 2006 MTV Movie Awards were hosted by Jessica Alba and featured performances by Christina Aguilera , AFI and Gnarls Barkley . In addition to the below awards , MTV gave lifetime achievement awards to Jim Carrey ( The MTV Generation Award ) and Spike Lee ( The Silver Bucket of Excellence , for Do the Right Thing ) . MTV held its 15th annual movie awards show on Saturday , June 3 , at the Sony Pictures Studios in Culver City , California . MTV first broadcast the award show on 8 June at 9:00 pm ET . Tenth Planet Productions produced the awards , and Joel Gallen was the executive-producer and director for the 12th consecutive year . This is also the second MTV Movie Awards show to have a host win an award . The first show was in 2004 with Lindsay Lohan winning an award . The host for the MTV Movie Awards in 2006 was Jessica Alba . Christina Aguilera performed , for the very first time , her lead single of her latest release Back to Basics , `` Ai n't No Other Man '' . Pre-recorded parodies include The Da Vinci Code , Mission : Impossible III , and King Kong .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fef24d763f685ed1634ad089e037c11a",
"text": "Top Gun Top Gun is a 1986 American romantic military action drama film directed by Tony Scott , and produced by Don Simpson and Jerry Bruckheimer , in association with Paramount Pictures . The screenplay was written by Jim Cash and Jack Epps , Jr. , and was inspired by an article titled `` Top Guns '' published in California magazine three years earlier . The film stars Tom Cruise , Kelly McGillis , Val Kilmer , Anthony Edwards , and Tom Skerritt . Cruise plays Lieutenant Pete `` Maverick '' Mitchell , a young Naval aviator aboard the aircraft carrier . He and his Radar Intercept Officer ( RIO ) Nick `` Goose '' Bradshaw ( Edwards ) are given the chance to train at the Navy 's Fighter Weapons School at Miramar in San Diego . Top Gun was released on May 16 , 1986 . Upon its release , the film received generally mixed reviews from film critics but many particularly praised the action sequences , the effects , the aerial stunts , and the acting performances with Cruise and McGillis receiving the most praise . Four weeks after release , the number of theaters showing it increased by 45 % . Despite its initial mixed critical reaction , the film was a huge commercial hit grossing $ 356 million against a production budget of only $ 15 million . With its success , the film became a cult film over the years and earned an IMAX 3D re-release in 2013 . Additionally , the film won an Academy Award for Best Original Song for `` Take My Breath Away '' performed by Berlin . In 2015 , the United States Library of Congress selected the film for preservation in the National Film Registry , finding it `` culturally , historically , or aesthetically significant '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
15466097f4439153bb79a44753c20ecf | Romelu Lukaku was born on May 8th, 1995. | [
{
"docid": "2e53a180aa671a418920e83773676a23",
"text": "Romelu Lukaku Romelu Menama Lukaku ( born 13 May 1993 ) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a striker for Premier League club Everton and the Belgium national team . He is one of only five players to score 50 Premier League goals before his 23rd birthday , and the first foreign player to score 80 before his 24th birthday . Lukaku started his career with local side Rupel Boom , before joining Lierse , where he earned a move to Anderlecht of the Belgian Pro League in 2006 . Lukaku made his professional debut while still at school at the age of 16 , and became the 2009 -- 10 top scorer in Belgium as Anderlecht won the Belgian championship . He also won the Belgian Ebony Shoe in 2011 . In the 2011 summer transfer window , Lukaku joined Premier League club Chelsea . He did not appear regularly in his first season there , and spent the following two seasons on loan at West Bromwich Albion and Everton respectively , signing permanently for the latter for a club record # 28 million in 2014 . Lukaku made his senior international debut for Belgium in 2010 , and has since earned over 50 caps . He has also represented the country at the 2014 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2016 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5bbd98e38c6d11fbb7a8b260f42509cf",
"text": "Martin Hašek (footballer, born 1995) Martin Hašek ( born 3 October 1995 ) is a professional Czech football midfielder currently playing for Bohemians 1905 in the Czech First League . He made his senior league debut for Pardubice on 2 August 2014 in a Czech National Football League 1 -- 1 home draw against Vlašim . He scored his first goal on 13 November in a 1 -- 0 home win against Frýdek-Místek . He is the son of the Czech international footballer of the same name .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3d1f04c4b93d2a623485f7542b7873f",
"text": "Lu Lan Lu Lan ( born May 2 , 1987 in Changzhou , Jiangsu ) is a female badminton player from China .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e23df48e98b5ad4757d59682dd661027",
"text": "Benjamin Mokulu Benjamin Mokulu Tembe ( born 11 October 1989 ) is a Belgian-born Congolese professional footballer who plays as a forward for Frosinone Calcio on loan from A.S. Avellino 1912 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8684c00577623a5667edf1acf9b0811e",
"text": "1995–96 S.L. Benfica season The 1995 -- 96 season was Sport Lisboa e Benfica 's 92nd season in existence and the club 's 62nd consecutive season in the top flight of Portuguese football , covering the period from 1 July 1995 to 30 June 1996 . It involved Benfica competing in the Primeira Divisão and the Taça de Portugal . Benfica qualified for the UEFA Cup by coming third in previous League . After failing to renew the title in the past season , the club brought in several players during the transfer market , with Ricardo Gomes , Valdo , Calado and Marcelo assuming regular starter roles . However , the club lost all of his more historic players as the case of Neno , Vítor Paneira , Isaías and César Brito . With the animosity around Artur Jorge increasing , poor results in September caused his departure . Despite an irregular season in the league , various winning streaks helped the team reach their second-place finish by 23 March , after a home win against Porto . In the Portuguese Cup , a strong performance from Marcelo throughout the competition , who finish as the tournament top scorer , guided the team to the final , where João Pinto delivered the trophy after scoring a double .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89256e3f4b0455f3d36b32311e5b3b74",
"text": "Licá Luís Carlos Pereira Carneiro ( born 8 September 1988 ) , known as Licá , is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for English club Nottingham Forest as a right winger .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2485914005015969861c2bc6263beadb",
"text": "Kevin Lankinen Kevin Lankinen ( born 28 April 1995 ) is a Finnish ice hockey goaltender currently playing for HIFK of the Finnish Liiga .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66cb958950907eb5a2c94e509152e011",
"text": "Io e il re Io e il re ( The King and Me ) is a 1995 Italian historical comedy drama film written and directed by Lucio Gaudino . It entered the Italian Panorama section at the 52nd Venice International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3176cf44d3c89776c4cff323133893b",
"text": "Mafia (B.U.G. Mafia album) Mafia is the debut studio album by Romanian hip hop group B.U.G. Mafia , released September 20 , 1995 on local Bucharest-based label Amma Sound . Production for the album was handled by group member and founder Tataee , with various composers and keyboardists giving co-production . Heavily influenced by N.W.A. and Bone Thugs-n-Harmony , the album has been viewed as the pioneering record of gangsta rap in Romania . With its ever-present profanity and violent lyrics , it helped to give birth to this then-new genre of music in Romania . As hip hop music was quite new in Romania at the time , the album attracted many rock fans , who appreciated the group 's aggressive approach towards music . In spite of poor sound quality and practically no professional promotion , Mafia achieved moderate success and quite favorable reviews . The album is still known for being the third hip hop album to be released in Romania by a record label . It had 15 tracks and featured guest performances from M&G , Marijuana , Coco , Vlad `` Ben '' Blându and actress Rona Hartner . Tataee has stated that he considers the album the group 's worst release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42c8bbb1fa48c7c9011b8af59db8adc2",
"text": "Vladimir Semerdzhiev Vladimir Semerdzhiev ( Владимир Семерджиев born 27 May 1995 ) is a Bulgarian footballer who plays for Slavia Sofia as a midfielder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "849ea6afdb81f1696ce3af717f73d319",
"text": "Fazil Kaggwa Fazil Kaggwa ( born 9 May 1995 ) is a Ugandan boxer . He competed in the light flyweight category at the 2014 Commonwealth Games where he won a bronze medal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d60b632f9d8877118daa76333798e532",
"text": "Waku Waku Ski Wonder Spur is a Skiing video game , developed by Human Club and published by Human Entertainment , which was released exclusively in Japan in 1995 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9772d3da8de4dcc3b7d89fcafbfa8ee0",
"text": "Albert Kaqiku Albert Kaqiku ( born 21 January 1995 in Mitrovicë ) is a Kosovar -- Albanian footballer who plays as a defender for KF Trepça '89 in the Superleague of Kosovo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bc07738686267cdef2626b4a3f41eba",
"text": "Joyce Ching Joyce Giselle Palad Ching ( born January 5 , 1995 ) , better known as Joyce Ching , is a Chinese-Filipino actress and commercial model .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1452da4f804bc3c043044ebf6840e2bc",
"text": "Saku-Pekka Sahlgren Saku-Pekka Sahlgren ( born 8 April 1992 ) is a Finnish football player currently playing for Sandnes Ulf in the Norwegian First Division .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "98ead054f73e9dbe57dfbc03a203fdaa",
"text": "Milan Škriniar Milan Škriniar ( -LSB- ˈmilan ˈʃkriɲiar -RSB- ; born 11 February 1995 ) is a Slovak football player who currently plays for Italian club Sampdoria and the Slovakia national football team . He was named Slovakia 's the best U21 player for 2016 , receiving the Peter Dubovsky Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bd28fd1cf3be7daf24c090eb4457587",
"text": "Andrew Murunga Andrew Murunga ( born 20 October 1995 ) is Kenyan footballer who plays for Kenyan Premier League side Kakamega Homeboyz as a striker . He made his debut for the Kenya national football team on 5 June 2013 in a 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification match against Nigeria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3425ca0b748cdc93d2e5b219e62cd98c",
"text": "Ionuț Trocan Ionuț Angelotti Trocan ( born 7 October 1995 ) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a defender for Pandurii Târgu Jiu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "344e18fc85c141a0553c79d78c4b8919",
"text": "Aliyu Okechukwu Aliyu Okechukwu ( born September 5 , 1995 ) is a Nigerian footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for RNK Split in Croatia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cfcc02d343e832c62fdcfa8a65c85be3",
"text": "Lua (company) Lua is a mobile messaging software for businesses . It provides encrypted real-time messaging , calling , file sharing , and communication analytics . It is available for Android , iOS , desktop ( Windows , Macintosh ) and through a web browser . The company released its analytics dashboard , Lua Insights , in July 2014 , with the aim of helping managers draw conclusions about the effectiveness of their team 's communication . The company is based in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc9def99652d56d3d0f811ee4b22caa2",
"text": "Lukas Gugganig Lukas Gugganig ( born 14 February 1995 ) is an Austrian footballer who currently plays for Greuther Fürth .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
14a100f33a01185b43e83bcdc9b2c1b5 | Tim Robbins was an actor. | [
{
"docid": "49a2f89ca2e6562bb9390af5cc8c07da",
"text": "Tim Robbins Timothy Francis `` Tim '' Robbins ( born October 16 , 1958 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , director , producer , activist and musician . He is well known for his portrayal of Andy Dufresne in the prison drama film The Shawshank Redemption ( 1994 ) . His other roles include Nuke LaLoosh in Bull Durham , Jacob Singer in Jacob 's Ladder , Griffin Mill in The Player , and Dave Boyle in Mystic River , for which he won an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor , and for directing films such as Dead Man Walking and Bob Roberts , both of which received critical acclaim .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d4b8f1aba9dc803d1cf199d65be6e3e6",
"text": "Tony Award for Best Actor in a Play The Tony Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role in a Play is an honor presented at the Tony Awards , a ceremony established in 1947 as the Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre , to actors for quality leading roles in a Broadway play . The awards are named after Antoinette Perry , an American actress who died in 1946 . Honors in several categories are presented at the ceremony annually by the Tony Award Productions , a joint venture of The Broadway League and the American Theatre Wing , to `` honor the best performances and stage productions of the previous year . '' Despite the award first being presented in 1947 , there were no nominees announced until 1956 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d36f300fac08aabbca3ccfe945d55e9b",
"text": "Chuck Robbins Charles H. `` Chuck '' Robbins is an American businessman . He serves as the chief executive officer ( CEO ) of Cisco Systems , the American manufacturer of networking hardware .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "769036d4bfd9f0f54dfeaaedea0482d4",
"text": "Trigger Fingers (film) Trigger Fingers is a 1939 Western film starring Tim McCoy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a05a8fff31ff099b405169519884564a",
"text": "Good Will Hunting Good Will Hunting is a 1997 American drama film , directed by Gus Van Sant , and starring Robin Williams , Matt Damon , Ben Affleck , Minnie Driver and Stellan Skarsgård . Written by Affleck and Damon ( and with Damon in the title role ) , the film follows 20-year-old South Boston laborer Will Hunting , an unrecognized genius who , as part of a deferred prosecution agreement after assaulting a police officer , becomes a client of a therapist and studies advanced mathematics with a renowned professor . Through his therapy sessions , Will re-evaluates his relationships with his best friend , his girlfriend and himself , facing the significant task of confronting his past and thinking about his future . The film received positive reviews and was a financial success . It grossed over US$ 225 million during its theatrical run with only a modest $ 10 million budget . It was nominated for nine Academy Awards , including the Academy Award for Best Picture , and won two : Best Supporting Actor for Williams and Best Original Screenplay for Affleck and Damon . After Williams ' death in 2014 , it was ranked at number 53 in The Hollywood Reporters `` 100 Favorite Films '' list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "947edee68ad542be388cbe881713cd32",
"text": "David L. Robbins (Oregon writer) David L. Robbins ( born July 4 , 1950 ) is an American author of English and Pennsylvania Dutch descent . He writes both fiction and non-fiction . He has written over three hundred books under his own name and many pen names , among them : David Thompson , Jake McMasters , Jon Sharpe , Don Pendleton , Franklin W. Dixon , Ralph Compton , Dean L. McElwain , J.D. Cameron and John Killdeer . He has written for the following series : The Trailsman , Mack Bolan , Endworld , Blade , Wilderness , White Apache , Davy Crockett , Omega Sub and The Hardy Boys Casefiles . Robbins is a member of the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America , the Horror Writers Association , and Western Writers of America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bb5c381a3650ca1b0fb65501017a9c8a",
"text": "Raymond Robbins Raymond Robbins may refer to : Raymond Robins ( 1873 -- 1954 ) , American economist and writer Raymond Francis Robbins ( 1912 -- 1980 ) , American artist",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7998c5a720f81e7208f8b0411d11ed31",
"text": "The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner (film) The Loneliness of the Long Distance Runner is a 1962 film based on the short story of the same name . The screenplay , like the story , was written by Alan Sillitoe . The film was directed by Tony Richardson , one of the new young directors emerging from documentary films , a series of 1950s filmmakers known as the Free Cinema movement . It tells the story of a rebellious youth ( played by Tom Courtenay ) , sentenced to a borstal ( ` Approved School ' ) for burgling a bakery , who gains privileges in the institution through his prowess as a long-distance runner . During his solitary runs reveries of important events before his incarceration lead him to re-evaluate his status as the Governor 's ( played by Michael Redgrave ) prize athlete , eventually prizing a rebellious act of personal autonomy notwithstanding an immediate loss in privileges . The film poster 's byline is `` you can play by the rules ... or you can play it by ear - WHAT COUNTS is you play it right by YOU ... '' . . The notion is echoed by other contemporary films such as a rapid series of three contemporary Lone Ranger films . Depicting a bleak , elitist Britain in the late 1950s to early 1960s for the working to middle class , the writer was one of the angry young men producing media vaunting or depicting the plight of rebellious youths . The film has characters entrenched in their social context . Class consciousness abounds throughout : the `` them '' and `` us '' notions which Richardson stresses reflect the very basis of British society at the time , so that Redgrave 's `` proper gentleman '' of a Governor is in contrast to many of the young working class inmates . Much of the screenplay takes place in and around Ruxley Towers , Claygate , Surrey -- a Victorian mock castle built by Lord Foley ( ` Ruxton Towers ' ) . The building had been used as a NAAFI base in the war , giving it a military atmosphere . The original trumpet theme to the film was performed by Fred Muscroft ( the Scots Guards Principal Cornet at the time ) . The film 's words were heavily sampled in the 1980s Chumbawamba track `` Alright Now '' and text monologues from the book upon which the film is based was printed on the record/cassette covers of their single `` Just Look at Me Now '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5770703cfdadc6504efad8918d7372f",
"text": "The Santa Clause (film series) The Santa Clause is a series of comedy films starring Tim Allen . The film series began with The Santa Clause ( 1994 ) . It was followed by The Santa Clause 2 ( 2002 ) and The Santa Clause 3 : The Escape Clause ( 2006 ) . The series experienced a diminishing critical reception with each subsequent film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "512ef229ce2a4c6003030c5d475d442c",
"text": "Elya Baskin Ilya Zalmanovich Baskin ( Iļja Baskins , Илья́ За́лманович Ба́скин born 11 August 1950 ) , known as Elya Baskin , is an American actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0f32da7c39393c734ed0cfd226b9749",
"text": "The Dream Merchants The Dream Merchants is an American novel written by Harold Robbins and published in 1949 . Set in the early 20th century , the book is a `` rags-to-riches '' story of a penniless young man who goes to Hollywood and builds a great film studio . A former Universal Studios employee , author Harold Robbins based the main character on Universal 's founder , Carl Laemmle . With the Hollywood history in the backdrop , it is a love story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dca4bf6e59e27566d80c2690a58d3f6c",
"text": "30-Second Bunnies Theatre 30-Second Bunnies Theatre is a Flash cartoon series featuring films re-enacted by anthropomorphic animated bunnies in 30 seconds . The series is produced by Angry Alien Productions , the one-woman company of creator Jennifer Shiman . The series debuted in 2004 , when Shiman sought to create a humorous web series . She unveiled a version of The Exorcist , re-enacted by animated bunnies in 30 seconds . It received an overwhelmingly positive response online from a global audience , prompting Shiman to create more re-enactments . In 2005 , the `` bunny troupe '' was commissioned by Starz ! to make new shorts . Each Starz-commissioned re-enactment premiered on Starz on Demand before moving online . The series take on Star Wars was featured on CNN on April 16 , 2006 . Angry Alien Productions released a selection of the shorts on DVD on October 20 , 2009 . Previously , the Titanic short was included on that film 's 4-Disc Special Collector 's Edition DVD , released in 2005 . In 2007 , Crackle became a distributing partner . In 2008 , the site won two Webby Awards for Online Film and Video/Animation , as well as the People 's Voice award in that category . On June 13 , 2010 , Shiman announced on the 30-Second Bunnies Theatre Website that , after six years and 68 shorts , she was placing the series on hiatus to move on to other pursuits . The final short at the time was a re-enactment of the film Evil Dead II . As of October 2011 , Shiman completed three more re-enactments : Alfred Hitchcock 's The Birds , Freaks ( 1932 ) and Michael Dougherty 's Trick ' r Treat . Shiman teamed up with FEARnet in 2012 to make more horror movie shorts . The first season of shorts is complete , and the second season is in production as of September 16 , 2013 . In mid-March 2014 , Angry Alien Productions ventured into new bunny territory by re-enacting the life of Kevin Spacey ( with bunny voices by Kevin Spacey himself ) to celebrate the launch of his new website . In Spring 2015 the staff of Angry Alien Productions informed that they would indefinitely stop making re-enactments after Blade Runner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab60ac87828450612aceed371cae7356",
"text": "Tom Wright (actor) Tom Wright ( born Harold Thomas Wright ; November 29 , 1952 ) is an American television and theatre actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca67aa4745221f04abd88534f7ef9c35",
"text": "Indian Agent (film) Indian Agent is a 1948 Western film starring Tim Holt as a cowboy trying to convince Indians not to go on the warpath due to the activities of a corrupt Indian agent . The film was finished in mid 1948 . It was released on a double bill with He Walked By Night .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36e684bbb89d65b18cd6d5a316b5a120",
"text": "Doug Timm Douglas Vernon Timm ( June 14 , 1960 -- July 21 , 1989 ) was an American composer and conductor best known for his many music scores , both in television and motion picture films . In a career which was cut short by a tragic event , he composed music for a variety of both television productions as well as motion pictures . His most popular works include music production and music scores to Nightflyers , Terror in the Aisles , as well as many TV series such as Designing Women , Dolphin Cove , The New Mike Hammer , and Simon and Simon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a500c9db04db152bfcf231321a67d0a7",
"text": "Jairek Robbins Jairek Robbins ( born May 26 , 1984 ) is an American performance coach and motivational speaker . He is the son of American life coach , self-help author , and motivational speaker Tony Robbins .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec883076d2831ff5369b7687f5071b61",
"text": "List of frequent Tim Burton collaborators Tim Burton ( born August 25 , 1958 ) is an American film director , film producer , writer and artist who often works with certain actors and crew members in multiple feature film directing projects . The actors who collaborated with Burton the most frequently are Johnny Depp , Helena Bonham Carter and Christopher Lee , who all appeared in eight , seven and six films , respectively . Film composer Danny Elfman composed the music for all of Burton 's feature films with the exception of Ed Wood ( 1994 ) , Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) and Miss Peregrine 's Home for Peculiar Children ( 2016 ) . He also composed the music for The Nightmare Before Christmas ( 1993 ) , a stop-motion animated film Burton co-wrote and produced . Other actors that Burton has worked with include Danny DeVito , Conchata Ferrell , Albert Finney , Carmen Filpi , Michael Gough , Eva Green , Pat Hingle , Jan Hooks , Rance Howard , Jeffrey Jones , O-Lan Jones , Michael Keaton , Martin Landau , Lisa Marie , Catherine O'Hara , Michelle Pfeiffer , Missi Pyle , Paul Reubens , Alan Rickman , Deep Roy , Winona Ryder , Diane Salinger , Glenn Shadix , Martin Short , Timothy Spall , Sylvia Sidney , Christopher Walken , Frank Welker , Terence Stamp and Paul Whitehouse . Catherine O'Hara , Paul Reubens , and Glenn Shadix also starred in The Nightmare Before Christmas . Actor Jason Hervey appeared in the short film Frankenweenie ( 1984 ) , before appearing in Burton 's feature film directing debut Pee-wee 's Big Adventure ( 1985 ) . Actor Vincent Price worked with Burton on three projects , hosting the television film Hansel and Gretel ( 1982 ) , narrating the short film Vincent ( 1982 ) and appearing in the feature film Edward Scissorhands ( 1990 ) . Actresses Ada and Arlene Tai worked with Burton as extras in Ed Wood before going on to be cast in Big Fish ( 2003 ) . In addition to starring in Beetlejuice , Edward Scissorhands and Frankenweenie , Winona Ryder appeared in the Burton-directed music video for The Killers ' `` Here with Me '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09109252fc83a6803dd86f19de21bac3",
"text": "Tim Rooney Timothy Hayes Yule ( January 4 , 1947 -- September 23 , 2006 ) , better known as Tim Rooney , was an American actor and voice actor . He was the second son of actor Mickey Rooney and suffered from a muscle disease known as dermatomyositis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a1feb0ae158aa48c4f791a10e3d36b2",
"text": "Sylvester (film) Sylvester is a 1985 American family drama film directed by Tim Hunter and starring Richard Farnsworth and Melissa Gilbert . The movie was nominated for a Young Artist Award in 1986 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cde16ebe9943bc2be0e284e4160e740",
"text": "Rip Taylor Charles Elmer `` Rip '' Taylor , Jr. ( born January 13 , 1935 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is known for his exuberance and flamboyant personality , including his wild moustache and his habit of showering himself ( and others ) with confetti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4194bbe90406014b81ef690e54ee7a3",
"text": "The Pirate (1978 film) The Pirate is a 1978 American two-part , four-hour television miniseries directed by Ken Annakin . It is based on the novel with the same title written by Harold Robbins . It was broadcast in two parts by CBS on November 21 -- 22 , 1978 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
70ee1129d3fddd1c48b061f16fff8b64 | The Titanic sunk. | [
{
"docid": "f5392ac75e009f5928238c58a7d3ea7a",
"text": "RMS Titanic RMS Titanic ( -LSB- taɪˈtænɪk -RSB- ) was a British passenger liner that sank in the North Atlantic Ocean in the early morning of 15 April 1912 , after colliding with an iceberg during her maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City . Of the estimated 2,224 passengers and crew aboard , more than 1,500 died , making it one of the deadliest commercial peacetime maritime disasters in modern history . The largest ship afloat at the time it entered service , the RMS Titanic was the second of three s operated by the White Star Line , and was built by the Harland and Wolff shipyard in Belfast . Thomas Andrews , her architect , died in the disaster . Under the command of Edward Smith , who went down with the ship , Titanic carried some of the wealthiest people in the world , as well as hundreds of emigrants from Great Britain and Ireland , Scandinavia and elsewhere throughout Europe seeking a new life in North America . The first-class accommodation was designed to be the pinnacle of comfort and luxury , with an on-board gymnasium , swimming pool , libraries , high-class restaurants and opulent cabins . A high-power radiotelegraph transmitter was available for sending passenger `` marconigrams '' and for the ship 's operational use . Although Titanic had advanced safety features such as watertight compartments and remotely activated watertight doors , there were not enough lifeboats to accommodate all of those aboard , due to outdated maritime safety regulations . Titanic only carried enough lifeboats for 1,178 people -- slightly more than half of the number on board , and one third of her total capacity . After leaving Southampton on 10 April 1912 , Titanic called at Cherbourg in France and Queenstown ( now Cobh ) in Ireland before heading west to New York . On 14 April , four days into the crossing and about 375 mi south of Newfoundland , she hit an iceberg at 11:40 p.m. ship 's time . The collision caused the ship 's hull plates to buckle inwards along her starboard ( right ) side and opened five of her sixteen watertight compartments to the sea ; she could only survive four flooding . Meanwhile , passengers and some crew members were evacuated in lifeboats , many of which were launched only partially loaded . A disproportionate number of men were left aboard because of a `` women and children first '' protocol for loading lifeboats . At 2:20 a.m. , she broke apart and foundered -- with well over one thousand people still aboard . Just under two hours after Titanic sank , the Cunard liner arrived at the scene , where she brought aboard an estimated 705 survivors . The disaster was greeted with worldwide shock and outrage at the huge loss of life and the regulatory and operational failures that had led to it . Public inquiries in Britain and the United States led to major improvements in maritime safety . One of their most important legacies was the establishment in 1914 of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea ( SOLAS ) , which still governs maritime safety today . Additionally , several new wireless regulations were passed around the world in an effort to learn from the many missteps in wireless communications -- which could have saved many more passengers . The wreck of Titanic , first discovered over 70 years after the sinking , remains on the seabed , split in two and gradually disintegrating at a depth of 12415 ft. Since her discovery in 1985 , thousands of artefacts have been recovered and put on display at museums around the world . Titanic has become one of the most famous ships in history ; her memory is kept alive by numerous works of popular culture , including books , folk songs , films , exhibits , and memorials . Titanic is the second largest ocean liner wreck in the world , only beaten by her sister , the largest ever sunk .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3f1751891e90e3197f86338f6eb706de",
"text": "Limitation of Liability Act of 1851 In United States maritime law , the Limitation of Liability Act of 1851 ( 46 U.S.C. app . § 183 ( 1984 ) ) historically , or ( 46 U.S.C. § § 30501 - 30512 ) since Feb. 1 , 2010 states that the owner of a vessel may limit damage claims to the value of the vessel at the end of the voyage plus `` pending freight , '' as long as the owner can prove it lacked knowledge of the problem beforehand . This Act was the subject of a 2001 United States Supreme Court case in Lewis v. Lewis & Clark Marine , Inc. . . Historically the statute has been invoked to limit the liability of certain parties in the sinking of the RMS Titanic and the Deepwater Horizon oil spill .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30c49a18920fa7ed5afac680d5ee35ca",
"text": "List of films about the RMS Titanic RMS Titanic has been featured in numerous films , TV movies and notable TV episodes . The 1997 film Titanic was one of highest-grossing films . On television , the Titanic has been featured in genres ranging from epic dramas to short cartoon parodies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e27f6053e9a254c16c91f5b6657d773",
"text": "SS Lusitania The SS Lusitania was a Portuguese twin-screw ocean liner of 5557 tons , built in 1906 by Sir Raylton Dixon & Co , and owned by Empresa Nacional de Navegação , of Lisbon . The ship was wrecked on Bellows Rock off Cape Point , South Africa at 24h00 on 18 April 1911 in fog while en route from Lourenço Marques ( now Maputo ) , Mozambique , with 25 first-class , 57 second-class and 121 third-class passengers , and 475 African labourers . Out of the 774 people on board , eight died when a life boat capsized . On 20 April the ship slipped off the rock into 37 metres ( 121 feet ) of water to the east of the rock . The sinking of the Lusitania spurred the local authorities to construct a new lighthouse on the Cape Point .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "298ee36d288476a258b77e0dfe2c8fe6",
"text": "HMS Salmon (N65) HMS Salmon was a Royal Navy S-class submarine which was launched on 30 April 1934 , and fought in the Second World War . Salmon is one of twelve boats named in the song `` Twelve Little S-Boats '' . On 4 December 1939 , while on patrol in the North Sea , Salmon torpedoed and sank . On 12 December 1939 , Salmon sighted the German liner . While challenging Bremen , an escorting Dornier Do 18 seaplane forced Salmon to dive . After diving the Salmon 's commander , Lieutenant Commander E. O. Bickford , decided not to torpedo the liner because he believed she was not a legal target . Bickford 's decision not to fire on Bremen likely delayed the start of unrestricted submarine warfare in the war . On 13 December 1939 , Salmon sighted a fleet of German warships . She fired a spread of torpedoes which damaged two German cruisers ( one was , the other , her younger sister ship , ) . Salmon evaded the fleet 's destroyers , which hunted her for two hours . She was lost , probably sunk by a mine , on 9 July 1940 . There is a report from 2008 that the same survey ship that found the wreck of the sister submarine HMS Shark also found the wreck of HMS Salmon nearby in waters off Norway .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b1f67bbc9c8fd3511c11fb9f77db8a9",
"text": "SS King Orry (1913) TSS ( RMS ) King Orry ( III ) -- the third ship in the history of the Company to bear the name -- was a passenger steamer which served with the Isle of Man Steam Packet Company , until she was sunk during the evacuation of Dunkirk in 1940 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b6b9291313c9f8ed80b31b189696f13",
"text": "SS Suevic SS Suevic was a steamship built by Harland and Wolff in Belfast for the White Star Line . Suevic was the fifth and last of the `` Jubilee Class '' ocean liners , built specifically to service the Liverpool-Cape Town-Sydney route . In 1907 she was wrecked off the south coast of England , but in the largest rescue of its kind , all passengers and crew were saved . The ship herself was deliberately broken in two , and a new bow was attached to the salvaged stern portion . Later serving as a Norwegian whaling factory ship carrying the name Skytteren , she was scuttled off the Swedish coast in 1942 to prevent her capture by ships of Nazi Germany .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b523f4375876f07215a35f17407c3ed8",
"text": "Bulgaria (ship) Bulgaria ( -LSB- Булга́рия , Bulgariya -RSB- ) was a class 785/OL800 Russian river cruise ship ( built in Komárno , Czechoslovakia ) which operated in the Volga-Don basin . On 10 July 2011 , Bulgaria sank in the Kuybyshev Reservoir of the Volga River near Syukeyevo , Kamsko-Ustyinsky District , Tatarstan , Russia , with 201 passengers and crew aboard when sailing from the town of Bolgar to the regional capital , Kazan . The catastrophe led to 122 confirmed deaths ( bodies recovered and identified ) . The sinking of Bulgaria was Russia 's worst maritime disaster since 1986 , when the collided with a cargo ship and 423 people died .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f0eefce6129fe73d7fffee1d25618d85",
"text": "SS India (1896) SS India was a steam passenger liner operated by the Peninsular and Oriental Steam Navigation Company ( P&O ) between 1896 and 1915 . India was the first of five sister ships built for P&O , the others being the Persia , China , Egypt and Arabia . India was the largest ship built for P&O at the time . Built by Caird & Company of Greenock , Scotland , she was launched on 15 April 1896 and entered service later that year , operating on P&O 's route between Britain , India and Australia . In 1900 she became the first ship to use P&O 's new harbour facilities at Fremantle . She initially remained in service with P&O after the outbreak of the First World War , and carried Admiral Doveton Sturdee from Gibraltar back to England after the Battle of the Falkland Islands . She was hired by the Admiralty on 13 March 1915 and was used as an armed merchant cruiser , serving in the 10th Cruiser Squadron . On 8 August that year she stopped off Helligvær , near Bodø , Norway , to investigate a suspected blockade runner , and was torpedoed by SM U-22 . India 's sinking caused the deaths of her 160 men . The surviving 22 officers and 119 men were taken to Narvik .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48c0fb33144bf6111219f8debcea388b",
"text": "Navigation Acts The Navigation Acts were a series of English laws that restricted colonial trade to England . They were first enacted in 1651 and throughout that time until 1663 , and were repealed in 1849 . They reflected the policy of mercantilism , which sought to keep all the benefits of trade inside the Empire , and to minimize the loss of gold and silver to foreigners . They prohibited the colonies from trading directly with the Netherlands , Spain , France , and their colonies . The original ordinance of 1651 was renewed at the Restoration by Acts of 1660 , 1663 , 1670 , and 1673 , with subsequent minor amendments . The Acts formed the basis for English overseas trade for nearly 200 years . Additionally the Acts restricted the employment of non-English sailors to a quarter of the crew on returning East India Company ships . The major impetuses for the Navigation Acts were the ruinous deterioration of English trade in the aftermath of the Eighty Years ' War , and the concomitant lifting of the Spanish embargoes on trade between the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic . The end of the embargoes in 1647 unleashed the full power of the Amsterdam Entrepôt and other Dutch competitive advantages in world trade . Within a few years , English merchants had practically been overwhelmed in the trade in the Iberian Peninsula , the Mediterranean and the Levant . Even the trade with English colonies ( partly still in the hands of the royalists , as the English Civil War was in its final stages and the Commonwealth of England had not yet imposed its authority throughout the English colonies ) was `` engrossed '' by Dutch merchants . English direct trade was crowded out by a sudden influx of commodities from the Levant , Mediterranean and the Spanish and Portuguese empires , and the West Indies via the Dutch Entrepôt , carried in Dutch ships and for Dutch account . The obvious solution seemed to be to seal off the English and Scottish markets to these unwanted imports . A precedent was the Act the Greenland Company had obtained from Parliament in 1645 prohibiting the import of whale products into England , except in ships owned by that company . This principle was now generalised . In 1648 the Levant Company petitioned Parliament for the prohibition of imports of Turkish goods '' ... from Holland and other places but directly from the places of their growth . '' Baltic traders added their voices to this chorus . In 1650 the Standing Council for Trade and the Council of State of the Commonwealth prepared a general policy designed to impede the flow of Mediterranean and colonial commodities via Holland and Zeeland into England . On the whole , the Acts of Trade and Navigation were obeyed , except for the Molasses Act of 1733 , which led to extensive smuggling because no effective means of enforcement was provided until the 1750s . Stricter enforcement under the Sugar Act of 1764 became one source of resentment of Great Britain by merchants in the American colonies . This in turn helped push the colonies to start the American Revolution in the late 18th century , even though the consensus view among modern economic historians and economists is that the `` costs imposed on -LSB- American -RSB- colonists by the trade restrictions of the Navigation Acts were small . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f5ab11e9d56729a6f94208ed506704e1",
"text": "High Seas Fleet The High Seas Fleet ( Hochseeflotte ) was the battle fleet of the German Imperial Navy and saw action during the First World War . The formation was created in February 1907 , when the Home Fleet ( Heimatflotte ) was renamed as the High Seas Fleet . Admiral Alfred von Tirpitz was the architect of the fleet ; he envisioned a force powerful enough to challenge the Royal Navy 's predominance . Kaiser Wilhelm II , the German Emperor , championed the fleet as the instrument by which he would seize overseas possessions and make Germany a global power . By concentrating a powerful battle fleet in the North Sea while the Royal Navy was required to disperse its forces around the British Empire , Tirpitz believed Germany could achieve a balance of force that could seriously damage British naval hegemony . This was the heart of Tirpitz 's `` Risk Theory , '' which held that Britain would not challenge Germany if the latter 's fleet posed such a significant threat to its own . The primary component of the Fleet was its battleships , typically organized in eight-ship squadrons , though it also contained various other formations , including the I Scouting Group . At its creation in 1907 , the High Seas Fleet consisted of two squadrons of battleships , and by 1914 , a third squadron had been added . The dreadnought revolution in 1906 greatly affected the composition of the fleet ; the twenty-four pre-dreadnoughts in the fleet were rendered obsolete and required replacement . Enough dreadnoughts for two full squadrons were completed by the outbreak of war in mid 1914 ; the eight most modern pre-dreadnoughts were used to constitute a third squadron . Two additional squadrons of older vessels were mobilized at the onset of hostilities , though by the end of the conflict , these formations were disbanded . The fleet conducted a series of sorties into the North Sea during the war designed to lure out an isolated portion of the numerically superior British Grand Fleet . These operations frequently used the fast battlecruisers of the I Scouting Group to raid the British coast as the bait for the Royal Navy . These operations culminated in the Battle of Jutland , on 31 May -- 1 June 1916 , where the High Seas Fleet confronted the whole of the Grand Fleet . The battle was inconclusive , but the British won strategically , as it convinced Admiral Reinhard Scheer , the German fleet commander , that even a highly favorable outcome to a fleet action would not secure German victory in the war . Scheer and other leading admirals therefore advised the Kaiser to order a resumption of the unrestricted submarine warfare campaign . The primary responsibility of the High Seas Fleet in 1917 and 1918 was to secure the German naval bases in the North Sea for U-boat operations . Nevertheless , the fleet continued to conduct sorties into the North Sea and detached units for special operations in the Baltic Sea against the Russian Baltic Fleet . Following the German defeat in November 1918 , the Allies interned the bulk of the High Seas Fleet in Scapa Flow , where it was ultimately scuttled by its crews in June 1919 , days before the belligerents signed the Treaty of Versailles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d63fe83bf24fbe0e66d909c46b83909c",
"text": "Northern North Sea basin The North Sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean in northern Europe . It is located between Norway and Denmark in the east , Scotland and England in the west , Germany , the Netherlands , Belgium and France in the south . The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels , trenches , and ridges today and the geological history , plate tectonics , geological events that created them . A geological basin is a large low-lying area or depression . It is often below sea level . Depressions are typically formed by tectonic processes acting on the lithosphere , providing `` accommodation space '' for sediment to be preserved . Basins are formed in a variety of tectonic settings : extensional , compressional , strike-slip and intraplate . Geological basins are one of the most common places which collect sediment . The type of rocks which form there tell about the palaeoclimate of the continent . The geology is of interest to oil prospectors , hydrologists and palaeontologists . Exploration in the North Sea was initiated in May 1964 when the first well was spudded and the area has now become one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world . Total recoverable reserves found to date , including adjacent land areas , amount to over 100 billion barrels of oil and natural gas . Geologically speaking , the North Sea is divided into four main basins : Northern , Moray Firth , Central , and Southern . Each has a long and complex geologic history with unique structural and stratigraphic developments driven by tectonic events over the last 400 Million years . The northern North Sea Paleorift system , including the Viking and Sogn graben , is an approximately 150-200 km wide zone of extended upper crust with preserved strata from pre-Triassic to Tertiary . It is bounded by the Shetland Platform to the west and the Norwegian mainland to the east .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7d1dbdebe279236440586c61c6c7543",
"text": "Halsewell (East Indiaman) The Halsewell was an East Indiaman that was wrecked on 6 January 1786 at the start of a voyage from London to Madras . She lost her masts in a violent storm in the English Channel , and was driven onto the rocks below a cliff on the Isle of Purbeck in Dorset , England . The vicar of nearby Worth Matravers recorded the event in his parish register : Of over 240 crew and passengers , only 74 survived . The shipwreck shocked the nation . The King visited the scene of the tragedy . The wreck of the Halsewell was the subject of poems , paintings and an orchestral symphony . Many years later Charles Dickens described the wreck in a short story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f3d593462c86b5298e2386760b7f733",
"text": "National Submarine War Memorial The National Submarine War Memorial ( also known as the National Submarine Memorial , the Submarine War Memorial and the Submariner Memorial ) is a memorial to Royal Navy submariners who died in the first and second world wars . It is set against the wall on the Victoria Embankment , near Charing Cross , London , England , and is a Grade II listed building . It is the focal point of a special memorial walk and laying of wreaths held each year by submariners on the Sunday preceding Remembrance Sunday . The memorial artist was Frederick Brook Hitch . In the centre of the memorial is a bas-relief showing the interior of a submarine and another with nereids swimming on either side . On the right and left are statues representing Truth and Justice . On either side of the central bronze plaques are 40 bronze wreath hooks in the form of anchors . At the top of the memorial is the inscription `` Erected to the memory of the officers and men of the British Navy who lost their lives serving in submarines 1914 -- 1918 and 1939 -- 1945 '' . On the left hand side is a list of the submarines lost in the 1914 -- 1918 conflict and on the right a list of submarines lost from 1939 to 1945 . The architect of the memorial was A. H. Ryan-Tenison and the foundry , Parlanti 's Ltd , carried out the casting . The memorial was unveiled on 15 December 1922 . In 1992 an additional plaque was added to commemorate the 70th anniversary of the unveiling of the original memorial . The 70th Anniversary plaque reads : `` National Submarine War Memorial ( 1922 ) This plaque commemorates the memorial 's seventieth anniversary and the contribution by the members of the submariners old comrades , London , in their devotion to the upkeep of this memorial , unveiled by Peter P. Rigby C.B.E.J.P. '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41755cd1e375524612e32d94dc2225cb",
"text": "List of First World War Victoria Cross recipients The Victoria Cross ( VC ) was awarded 628 times to 627 recipients for action in the First World War ( 1914 -- 1918 ) . The Victoria Cross is a military decoration awarded for valour `` in the face of the enemy '' to members of armed forces of some Commonwealth countries and previous British Empire territories . It takes precedence over all other Orders , decorations and medals ; it may be awarded to a person of any rank in any service and to civilians under military command . The award was officially constituted when Queen Victoria issued a warrant under the Royal sign-manual on 29 January 1856 that was gazetted on 5 February 1856 . The order was backdated to 1854 to recognise acts of valour during the Crimean War . The first awards ceremony was held on 26 June 1857 , where Queen Victoria invested 62 of the 111 Crimean recipients in a ceremony in Hyde Park . The First World War , also known as the Great War and in the United States as World War I , was a global military conflict that embroiled most of the world 's great powers , assembled in two opposing alliances : the Triple Entente and the Triple Alliance . More than 70 million military personnel were mobilised in one of the largest wars in history . The main combatants descended into a state of total war , directing their entire scientific and industrial capabilities into the war effort . Over 15 million people were killed , making it one of the deadliest conflicts in history . The proximate cause of war was the assassination on 28 June 1914 of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria . Soon after , a system of alliances were activated that would see Europe at war . The Western Front saw the largest concentration of Commonwealth troops with soldiers occupying sectors of the line from the North Sea to the Orne River . On 1 July 1916 , the first day of the Battle of the Somme , the British Army endured the bloodiest day in its history , suffering 57,470 casualties and 19,240 dead ; nine Victoria Crosses were awarded for action on that day . Most of the casualties occurred in the first hour of the attack . The entire Somme offensive cost the British Army almost half a million men . The war was not just fought on land ; the First World War saw major naval battles as well as the first large-scale use of military aircraft . The war at sea was mainly characterised by the efforts of the Allied Powers in blockading the Central Powers by sea . In return , the Central Powers attempted to break that blockade and establish an effective blockade of the British Isles and France with U-boats and raiders . The largest naval battle of the First World War was the Battle of Jutland which was the only full-scale clash of battleships in that war . Four Victoria Crosses were awarded for action at Jutland . The war in the air saw 19 VCs being awarded to airmen . The First World War saw significant interest in flying aces , including the German Manfred von Richthofen -- also known as The Red Baron -- as well as British aces such as Albert Ball , Mick Mannock and Billy Bishop , who were all Victoria Cross recipients . Hostilities ended on 11 November 1918 with the signing of the Armistice Treaty in the Compiègne Forest , but the war was not officially over until the various peace treaties were signed in 1919 . By the war 's end , four major imperial powers -- Germany , Russia , Austria-Hungary , and the Ottoman Empire -- had been militarily and politically defeated , and the latter two ceased to exist as autonomous entities . Of the 60 million European soldiers who were mobilised from 1914 -- 1918 , 8 million were killed , 7 million were permanently disabled , and 15 million were seriously injured . During the war , Britain called on its dominions and colonies , which provided invaluable military , financial and material support . The armies of the Dominions provided over 2.5 million men as well as many thousands of volunteers from the Crown colonies . The largest number of men came from the Indian sub continent , Canada , Australia and New Zealand . The Indian Contingent consisted of over 130,000 men in various capabilities and served primarily in France and Belgium . Over 9000 of them died and 11 of them were awarded the VC . The Australian Imperial Force ( AIF ) began forming on 15 August 1914 and remained a volunteer force for the entire war . Throughout the four years of conflict , 331,814 volunteers from Australia were sent overseas with 63 VCs awarded ; nine of these were given for the Gallipoli Campaign . Eleven members of the New Zealand Expeditionary Force ( NZEF ) were awarded the Victoria Cross . The Canadian Expeditionary Force ( CEF ) saw over 600,000 enlistments throughout its four-year history with 71 VCs awarded . At the outbreak of the hostilities , Newfoundland was a separate dominion and 2 soldiers from Newfoundland were awarded the Victoria Cross . The 628 awards of the Victoria Cross given for action during the First World War account for almost half the 1356 Victoria Crosses awarded throughout its history ; in comparison the Second World War saw 181 medals awarded . Noel Godfrey Chavasse was awarded the Victoria Cross and Bar , for two separate actions in the First World War on the battlefields of Mametz and Passchendaele . He died from wounds received in the second action . Arthur Martin-Leake received a Bar to his Victoria Cross for action in the First World War ; he had been awarded his first Victoria Cross for action in the Second Boer War . Of the 627 recipients 159 were awarded posthumously .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eaad66e7543cf381949cfed126f4e866",
"text": "RMS Baltic (1903) RMS Baltic was an ocean liner of the White Star Line that sailed between 1904 and 1933 . At 23,876 gross tons , she was the world 's largest ship until 1905 . She was the third of a quartet of ships , all measuring over 20,000 gross tons , dubbed The Big Four ( the other three being , , and ) . She was launched on 21 November 1903 by Harland and Wolff at Belfast and sailed from Liverpool on her maiden voyage to New York on 29 June 1904 with Captain Edward Smith in command . On 23 January 1909 ( commanded by J. B. Ranson ) , she rescued survivors of the collision in fog between the White Star Line 's and the off the north eastern coast of the United States , after which Republic sank . On 30 June 1910 Baltic was in collision with the German steamer Standard . Baltic was holed above the waterline while Standards bow was badly damaged . On 14 April 1912 , Baltic sent an ice warning message to the : `` Greek steamer Athenia reports passing icebergs and large quantities of field ice today in latitude 41 ° 51 ' N , longitude 49 ° 52 ' W. Wish you and Titanic all success . Commander . '' She was also involved in a rescue on 6 December 1929 , when she assisted the sinking schooner Northern Light . On 17 February 1933 , she sailed for Osaka , Japan where she was scrapped .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f054a67b1ced3f2ccb93078df8d6d3f5",
"text": "Battle of the Sound The naval Battle of the Sound took place on 8 November 1658 ( 29 October O.S. ) during the Second Northern War , near the Sound or Øresund , just north of the Danish capital , Copenhagen . Sweden had invaded Denmark and an army under Charles X of Sweden had Copenhagen itself under siege . The Dutch fleet was sent to prevent Sweden from gaining control of both sides of the Sound and thereby controlling access to the Baltic Sea as well as of its trade . The Dutch , under the command of Lieutenant-Admiral Jacob van Wassenaer Obdam with Egbert Bartholomeusz Kortenaer as his flag captain , who had sailed to the Baltic in support of Denmark , had 41 ships with 1413 guns while the Swedes , under Lord High Admiral Carl Gustaf Wrangel , had 45 ships with 1838 guns . The Dutch were grouped into three squadrons , while the Swedes separated their ships into four . The seven Danish ships with about 280 guns were unable to assist their Dutch allies because of adverse northern winds and could only watch . Obdam , who first received very complicated written instructions from the Grand Pensionary , Johan de Witt , and went so far as to request them again `` in three words '' , summed up his mission in a single sentence : `` Save Copenhagen and punch anyone in the face who tries to prevent it '' . This was a direct reference to the English , whose powerful fleet had recently defeated the Dutch in the First Anglo-Dutch War ; in the event , however , the English did not intervene . The Swedes attacked aggressively , but failed to gain the upper hand , primarily because the approaching Dutch had the weather gage . The Dutch forced the Swedish fleet to end the blockade of the Danish capital , enabling its resupply by Dutch armed transport ships , which eventually forced Charles to abandon the siege entirely . The Swedes lost five ships in the action compared to one Dutch ship , however , remaining allied ships were more damaged . Also , considering the slightly fewer losses of men in the Swedish navy ; 1,200 compared to 1,400 ( 439 killed , 269 captured and slightly more than 650 wounded allies ) , the battle is considered a tactical draw . Strategically , however , it was a major allied victory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce2917175214850e7dacfdcbef148f08",
"text": "Titanic II Titanic II is a planned ocean liner , to be built as a modern-day replica of the Olympic-class . The new ship will have a gross tonnage ( GT ) of 56,000 while the original ship measured about 46,000 gross register tons ( GRT ) . The project was announced by Australian millionaire Clive Palmer in April 2012 , as the flagship of a proposed cruise company Blue Star Line Pty. Ltd. of Brisbane , Australia . The intended launch date was originally set in 2016 , with the ship sailing from Southampton to New York within the same year . However , construction of the ship has been delayed to 2018 . , construction is yet to commence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1eb189897d5610223002042c6d0fee3",
"text": "Titanic II (film) Titanic II ( also entitled Titanic 2 ) is a 2010 low-budget disaster film written , directed by , and starring Shane Van Dyke and distributed by The Asylum . Despite this title , the film is not a sequel to the 1997 film by James Cameron , although movie website Dread Central has suggested the film may be a mockbuster of it . It was released direct-to-TV in Australia on August 7 , 2010 . It premiered on Syfy on Sky in the UK and Ireland on August 9 . It was released on August 25 in the United States . The film is set on a fictional replica Titanic that sets off exactly 100 years after the original ship 's maiden voyage to perform the reverse route , but global warming and the forces of nature cause history to repeat itself on the same night , only on a more disastrous and deadly scale .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55f6403a5f6ae8a25b2e321e5a7a7d91",
"text": "Ship's tender A ship 's tender , usually referred to as a tender , is a boat , or a larger ship used to service or support other boats or ships , generally by transporting people and/or supplies to and from shore or another ship . Smaller boats may also have tenders , usually called dinghies . For a variety of reasons , it is not always advisable to try to tie a ship up at a dock ; the weather or the sea might be rough , the time might be short , or the ship too large to fit . In such cases tenders provide the link from ship to shore , and may have a very busy schedule of back-and-forth trips while the ship is in port . On cruise ships , lifeboat tenders do double duty , serving as tenders in day-to-day activities , but fully equipped to act as lifeboats in an emergency . They are generally carried on davits just above the promenade deck , and may at first glance appear to be regular lifeboats ; but they are usually larger and better-equipped . Current lifeboat tender designs favor catamaran models , since they are less likely to roll in the calm to moderate conditions in which tenders are usually used . They typically carry up to 100 to 150 passengers and two to three crew members . Before these ships were mass-produced , the main way to board a larger ship ( mainly ocean liners ) was to board a passenger tender . Passenger tenders remained based at their ports of registry , and when a ship came through the area , the tender would tie up with the ship and embark passengers on an elevated walkway . These vessels were larger , had a greater passenger capacity , and a broader sense of individuality in their respective companies than the more modern tenders seen today . Because of their increased size , lifeboats and life preservers were commonplace on board these ships ( with two boats being the standard amount for an average tender ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74d930dff8a2695b26c3c49cc11e7330",
"text": "List of ships sunk by icebergs A non-exhaustive listing of ships which have sunk as a result of striking ice masses of larger than `` growler '' or pack size ( such collisions with minor ice are comparatively common , usually resulting in lesser damage ) . Note that many vessels have been lost without a trace in seas containing icebergs ; these are not listed due to other possible explanations and lack of survivor testimony .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3c0f7de96483584f42a4a9c492ddc2c3 | Helena Bonham Carter only played Darth Maul in The King's Speech. | [
{
"docid": "9775a88b17ddda1475a828b883bee70b",
"text": "Helena Bonham Carter Helena Bonham Carter , ( born 26 May 1966 ) is an English actress . She is known for her roles in low-budget arthouse and independent films to large-scale Hollywood productions . She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role as Kate Croy in The Wings of the Dove ( 1997 ) . For her role as Queen Elizabeth in The King 's Speech ( 2010 ) , she was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role . She also won the 2010 International Emmy Award for Best Actress for her role as British author Enid Blyton in the TV film Enid ( 2009 ) . Bonham Carter began her film career playing the title character in Lady Jane ( 1986 ) , and playing Lucy Honeychurch in A Room with a View ( 1986 ) . Her other film roles include Ophelia in Hamlet ( 1990 ) , Where Angels Fear to Tread ( 1991 ) , Howards End ( 1992 ) , Elizabeth Lavenza in Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein ( 1994 ) , Woody Allen 's Mighty Aphrodite ( 1995 ) , Fight Club ( 1999 ) , Bellatrix Lestrange in the Harry Potter series ( 2007 -- 11 ) , Terminator Salvation ( 2009 ) , Miss Havisham in Great Expectations ( 2012 ) , Madame Thénardier in Les Misérables ( 2012 ) , and The Fairy Godmother in Cinderella ( 2015 ) . She has frequently collaborated with director Tim Burton ; in Planet of the Apes ( 2001 ) , Big Fish ( 2003 ) , Corpse Bride ( 2005 ) , Charlie and the Chocolate Factory ( 2005 ) , Mrs. Lovett in Sweeney Todd : The Demon Barber of Fleet Street ( 2007 ) , Dark Shadows ( 2012 ) , and playing the Red Queen in Alice in Wonderland ( 2010 ) and its sequel Alice Through the Looking Glass ( 2016 ) . Her other television films include A Pattern of Roses ( 1983 ) , Fatal Deception : Mrs. Lee Harvey Oswald ( 1993 ) , Live from Baghdad ( 2002 ) , Toast ( 2010 ) , and Burton & Taylor ( 2013 ) . She was made a Commander of the Order of the British Empire ( CBE ) in the 2012 New Year Honours list for services to drama , and in January 2014 , the British prime minister , David Cameron , announced that Bonham Carter had been appointed to Britain 's new national Holocaust Commission .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3342fd005c044356b5476bb3bf07ddc9",
"text": "Diana: Last Days of a Princess Diana : Last Days of a Princess is a television movie broadcast in the United States by TLC on 12 August 2007 and subsequent dates . It also has aired on Five , UKTV History and UKTV Drama in Great Britain , RTÉ in Ireland , ProSieben in Germany , TF1 in France , RTP in Portugal , Channel 7 in Australia , Channel One in Russia , Jim in Finland and the History Channel in India . The film purports to be a fairly accurate ( albeit semi-fictionalized ) account of the last two months in the life of Diana , Princess of Wales , leading up to her death on 31 August 1997 . It is a mix of scripted scenes , actual news footage , and recent interviews with some of the principals present during the period portrayed , including Mohamed Al-Fayed and editors from The Sunday Mirror , giving it a hybrid drama-documentary feel . Much of Jenny Lecoat 's teleplay is based on testimony found in the 800-page Paget Report , published in 2006 by the United Kingdom 's Metropolitan Police Service following a four-year-long investigation . Richard Dale directed a cast that includes Genevieve O'Reilly as Diana , Patrick Baladi as Dodi Al-Fayed , and Shaun Dooley as Al-Fayed family security guard Trevor Rees-Jones , Nadim Sawalha as Mohamed Al-Fayed , and Carlo Ferrante as Henri Paul , the driver of the car in which he , Diana , and Dodi were killed during a high-speed escape from paparazzi through the streets of Paris . The Halton House in Wendover , Buckinghamshire served as the backdrop for scenes taking place at the Hôtel Ritz Paris . Other film locations included Hertfordshire , Paris ( including the Pont de l'Alma Tunnel in which the car crashed ) and Cannes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a6b8fd45bf4e88231800fa7563cf1ce",
"text": "Excalibur (film) Excalibur is a 1981 British epic fantasy war drama film directed , produced , and co-written by John Boorman that retells the legend of King Arthur and the knights of the Round Table , based solely on the 15th century Arthurian romance Le Morte d'Arthur by Thomas Malory . It stars Nigel Terry as Arthur , Nicol Williamson as Merlin , Nicholas Clay as Lancelot , Cherie Lunghi as Guenevere , Helen Mirren as Morgana , Liam Neeson as Gawain , Corin Redgrave as Cornwall , and Patrick Stewart as Leondegrance . The film is named after the legendary sword of King Arthur that features prominently in Arthurian literature . The film 's soundtrack features the music of Richard Wagner and Carl Orff , along with an original score by Trevor Jones . Excalibur was shot entirely on location in Ireland , employing Irish actors and crew . It has been acknowledged for its importance to the Irish filmmaking industry and for helping launch the film and acting careers of a number of Irish and English actors , including Mirren , Neeson , Stewart , Gabriel Byrne , Neil Jordan , and Ciarán Hinds . Excalibur achieved moderate box office success while receiving mixed reviews . Film critics Roger Ebert and Vincent Canby criticised the film 's plot and characters , although they and other reviewers praised its visual style . Excalibur opened at number one in the United States , eventually grossing $ 34,967,437 on a budget of around US$ 11 million to rank 18th in that year 's receipts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50a460dd4b191c74503b0eae967cc6a7",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling . The film , which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series , was written by Michael Goldenberg ( making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves ) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron . The story follows Harry Potter 's fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort 's return . The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter , alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry 's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger . It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince . Live-action filming took place in England and Scotland for exterior locations and Leavesden Film Studios in Watford for interior locations from February to November 2006 , with a one-month break in June . Post-production on the film continued for several months afterwards to add in visual effects . The film 's budget was reportedly between # 75 and 100 million ( $ 150 -- 200 million ) . Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July , both in conventional and IMAX theatres ; it is the first Potter film to be released in IMAX 3D . As of April 2017 , Order of the Phoenix is the 39th-highest-grossing film of all time , and a critical and commercial success . The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $ 333 million , fourteenth all-time , and grossed nearly $ 940 million total , second to Pirates of the Caribbean : At World 's End for the greatest total of 2007 . The film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8c240925fb5282b073aeb4734d174905",
"text": "Claire Foy Claire Foy ( born 16 April 1984 ) is an English actress . She studied drama and screen studies at Liverpool John Moores University and trained at the Oxford School of Drama , where she appeared in four plays , including Watership Down . She made her screen debut in the pilot episode of Being Human ( 2008 ) and in an episode of the BBC soap opera Doctors ( 2008 ) . Following her professional stage debut at the Royal National Theatre , she played the title role in the BBC One production of Little Dorrit , ( 2008 ) , and made her film debut as Anna in Season of the Witch ( 2011 ) . She had main roles as Erin Matthews in the Channel 4 series The Promise ( 2011 ) and several other television films and miniseries , including as Kate Balfour in the NBC series Crossbones ( 2014 ) . She received unanimous praise for her performance as Anne Boleyn in BBC2 's Wolf Hall ( 2015 ) , for which she was nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Actress and the Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actress in a Movie/Miniseries . Since 2016 , she has portrayed the young Queen Elizabeth II on the Netflix series The Crown , a role for which she has received critical acclaim and won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actress - Television Series Drama and the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Drama Series , and was nominated for the BAFTA TV Award for Best Actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f9ce626e45289d05fee4c6ef9ed9aa4",
"text": "King's Rhapsody King 's Rhapsody is a musical with book and music by Ivor Novello and lyrics by Christopher Hassall . The musical was first produced at the Palace Theatre , London , on 15 September 1949 and ran for 841 performances , surviving its author , who died in 1951 . It starred Novello in the title role of the heir to the throne under pressure from his long-lived mother , Queen Elana , to abdicate in favour of his infant son , with Phyllis Dare as his mistress Marta Karillos , Zena Dare as Queen Elana , Vanessa Lee as Princess Cristiane , Robert Andrews as Vanescu , and Olive Gilbert as Countess Vera . A 1955 film adaptation was made , starring Errol Flynn .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54ad3e3989f7cfe79497c848e384f212",
"text": "Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch The Queen 's Theatre is a 500-seat producing theatre located in Hornchurch in the London Borough of Havering , east London . The theatre opened in its current purpose-built site on Billet Lane , Hornchurch in 1975 . From 1953 to 1975 the theatre had occupied a converted , and for some time derelict , cinema on Station Lane ( the site of the present Ripon House development ) that had been used for storage during the Second World War . The theatre originally opened in the coronation year of Queen Elizabeth II and its name reflects this . The opening production was See How They Run . The building deteriorated and the London Borough of Havering built the new theatre . It was opened by Sir Peter Hall in April 1975 , with a production of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat . Home to the original productions of the award-winning Return to the Forbidden Planet and Blood Brothers , performers such as Maggie Smith , Martin Shaw , Joan Plowright , Prunella Scales , Nigel Hawthorn , Carol Sloman , Lucy Benjamin , Gemma Salter , Bernard Cribbins , Conn O'Neill and theatre-makers and artists David Eldridge , Chris Bond , Bob Carlton , Bob Eaton , Glen Walford , Nichola McAuliffe , Tim Firth , Dan Murphy and Richard O'Brien the Queen 's Theatre , over its 60 plus year history , has built a track record in creating the best in live entertainment . The theatre 's current artistic director is Douglas Rintoul who was appointed in 2015 . The theatre 's previous artistic directors include Bob Carlton , Marina Calderone and Bob Tomson . The Queen 's Theatre produces over eights shows a year and has a vibrant learning and participatory programme engaging over 11,000 participants annually , enabling people to express themselves and their stories through the arts . The Queen 's Theatre works with educational institutions , amateur theatre groups , professional arts groups and wellbeing organizations , but is also widely connected to the larger theatre landscape in the UK and abroad . Current partnerships include co-productions with the New Wolsey Theatre Ipswich , Salisbury Playhouse , Watford Palace Theatre , Rifco , Sell a Door and The Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg . Behind the scenes there is a carpentry workshop , scenic artists and a wardrobe department creating sets and costumes on-site . The theatre was honoured with a visit from HM The Queen in 2003 , the theatre 's fiftieth anniversary , and in 2013 the theatre celebrated its Diamond Jubilee . The Queen 's Theatre is a registered charity and receives regular funding from the London Borough of Havering and is an Arts Council of England National Portfolio Organisation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "343faa2922f0d3ecf5ab80e64fa2eed2",
"text": "State funerals in the United Kingdom In the United Kingdom , a state funeral is usually reserved for a monarch . The last such funeral was held in 1952 for King George VI . In addition , very exceptionally , a state funeral may be held to honour a highly distinguished figure , with the approval of the monarch and with Parliament 's approval ( of the expenditure of public funds ) . This last happened in 1965 for Sir Winston Churchill . Other funerals ( including those of senior members of the Royal Family and high-ranking public figures ) may share many of the characteristics of a state funeral without being gazetted as such ; for these , the term ` ceremonial funeral ' is used . In the 21st century , the funerals of Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother ( 2002 ) and Baroness Thatcher ( 2013 ) have fallen into this category . Along with the funeral service itself ( which will be a large-scale national occasion ) , these events tend to be characterized by the use of a gun carriage to transport the coffin between locations , accompanied by a procession of military bands and detachments along with mourners and other officials . They may also feature a lying in state and other associated ceremonies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d667e055553610f8b137dca41b849039",
"text": "Crissy Rock Crissy Rock ( born Christine Murray ; 23 September 1958 ) is an English award-winning actress , stand-up comedian , and best-selling author , most notable for her role as Maggie Conlan in the 1994 film Ladybird , Ladybird , and as Janey York in Benidorm whom she played from 2007 , until 2011 when she was axed from the show , although she returned in Episode 6 of Series 5 for a cameo role , and then again for two episodes of Series 7 in 2015 . She appeared in I 'm a Celebrity ... Get Me Out of Here ! 2011 . In December 2012 , she appeared on Celebrity Come Dine With Me . For her performance in Ladybird , Ladybird , she won the Silver Bear for Best Actress award at the 44th Berlin International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17086c772a33ab1ac4e238e3fe061599",
"text": "Terry Pratchett's Hogfather Terry Pratchett 's Hogfather is a two-part television film adaptation of Hogfather by Terry Pratchett , produced by The Mob , and first broadcast on Sky One , and in High Definition on Sky1 HD , over Christmas 2006 . First aired in two 1.5 hour episodes on the 17th and 18 December 2006 at 20:00 UTC , it was the first live-action film adaptation of a Discworld novel . In 2007 , the two episodes were rerun on Christmas Eve and Christmas Day respectively on Sky One and Sky1 HD . Hogfather won the Interactivity Award at the 2007 BAFTA TV Awards for its use of the interactive options available on digital television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "363707d675f0a005885c6618422cdada",
"text": "Cate Blanchett on screen and stage Cate Blanchett is an Australian actress who has extensively appeared in film and stage . She made her stage debut in 1992 by playing Electra in the National Institute of Dramatic Art production of the same name . She followed it with performances in Timothy Daly 's Kafka Dances ( 1993 ) and the Sydney Theatre Company stage production of Oleanna ( 1993 ) opposite Geoffrey Rush . Blanchett won the Sydney Theatre Critics Award for Best Newcomer for the former and Best Actress for the latter , making her the first person to win both awards at once . She went on to perform several roles on stage , notably Susan Traherne in Plenty ( 1999 ) , Hedda Gabler in Hedda Gabler ( 2004 ) , Blanche DuBois in A Streetcar Named Desire ( 2009 ) , Yelena in Uncle Vanya ( 2011 ) and Claire in The Maids ( 2013 ) . In 1997 , Blanchett made her feature film debut in a supporting role in the World War II drama Paradise Road . The same year , she had her first leading role in Oscar and Lucinda , which earned her an AACTA Award nomination for Best Actress . Blanchett received worldwide attention for playing Queen Elizabeth I of England in the acclaimed drama Elizabeth ( 1998 ) . Her performance garnered her a Golden Globe and a BAFTA Award for Best Actress and her first Academy Award nomination for Best Actress . Elizabeth and her next film , the thriller The Talented Mr. Ripley ( 1999 ) , performed well at the box office . However , her other 1999 releasesthe widely praised An Ideal Husband and the largely panned Pushing Tinwere unsuccessful . Blanchett found greater success for portraying Galadriel in Peter Jackson 's epic fantasy trilogy The Lord of the Rings ( 2001-03 ) . During this period , she also appeared in several films which had mixed reception and performed poorly at the box office . She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress , among other honors for portraying Katharine Hepburn in Martin Scorsese 's 2004 drama The Aviator , making her the only actor to win an Oscar for portraying another Oscar-winning actor . Her only screen appearance in 2005 was in Little Fish , for which she won the AACTA Award for Best Actress . Blanchett 's performance in the 2006 thriller Notes on a Scandal garnered her another Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress . In 2007 , she received both Best Actress and Best Supporting Actress Oscar nominations for her roles in Elizabeth : The Golden Age and I 'm Not There , becoming one of the few actors to achieve this feat . In 2008 , Blanchett appeared in Steven Spielberg 's action adventure Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull and David Fincher 's fantasy drama The Curious Case of Benjamin Button . She briefly reprised her role of Galadriel in the The Hobbit trilogy ( 2012-14 ) . For her performance as the titular socialite in Woody Allen 's 2013 drama Blue Jasmine , Blanchett won the Golden Globe , the BAFTA Award , the SAG Award and the Academy Award for Best Actress . In 2014 , she voiced Valka in the $ 620 million-grossing animated fantasy How to Train Your Dragon 2 . In 2015 , she received praise for playing Lady Tremaine in Disney 's live action film Cinderella , Mary Mapes in Truth and the titular character in Todd Haynes 's romantic drama Carol . Cinderella was a notable box office success while Carol garnered her seventh Oscar nomination . Blanchett made her Broadway debut in 2017 with The Present , receiving her first Tony Award nomination for the Best Actress in a Play .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4debceab3c80314b473057b47fa295f7",
"text": "Christopher Plummer Arthur Christopher Orme Plummer ( born December 13 , 1929 ) is a Canadian theatre , film and television actor . After making his film debut in Stage Struck ( 1958 ) , Plummer went on to a successful film career , now spanning more than five decades . Some of his most notable film performances include : The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , Battle of Britain ( 1969 ) , Waterloo ( 1970 ) , The Return of the Pink Panther ( 1975 ) , Murder by Decree ( 1979 ) , Dragnet ( 1987 ) , Star Trek VI : The Undiscovered Country ( 1991 ) , A Beautiful Mind ( 2001 ) , Nicholas Nickleby ( 2002 ) , National Treasure ( 2004 ) , The New World ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) , Up ( 2009 ) , The Imaginarium of Doctor Parnassus ( 2009 ) , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo ( 2011 ) . In a career which includes substantial roles in each of the dramatic arts , Plummer is best known to film audiences as the aristocratic widower , Captain Georg von Trapp , in the musical film The Sound of Music ( 1965 ) , alongside Julie Andrews . Plummer has ventured into various television projects , including the miniseries The Thorn Birds ( 1983 ) . Plummer has notably portrayed several historical figures , including Arthur Wellesley , First Duke of Wellington in Waterloo ( 1970 ) , Rudyard Kipling in The Man Who Would Be King ( 1975 ) , Mike Wallace in The Insider ( 1999 ) , and Leo Tolstoy in The Last Station ( 2009 ) . Plummer has won numerous awards and accolades for his work , including an Academy Award , two Emmy Awards , two Tony Awards , a Golden Globe Award , a SAG Award , and a BAFTA Award . With his win at age 82 in 2012 for Beginners , Plummer is the oldest actor ever to win an Academy Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "904eff6dde3289b8662d118f29542217",
"text": "Tom Baker (English actor) Thomas Stewart `` Tom '' Baker ( born 20 January 1934 ) is an English actor . He is known for his portrayal of the fourth incarnation of the Doctor in the science fiction series Doctor Who from 1974 to 1981 , a longer tenure than any other actor , and for the narration of the comedy series Little Britain . Baker 's voice , which has been described as `` sonorous '' , was voted the fourth-most recognisable in the UK . At the age of 15 Baker began study as a monk . However , he gradually lost his vocation and at 21 he left monastic life and undertook National Service in the Royal Army Medical Corps . On leaving the army , he joined the Merchant Navy and then became an actor , joining the Royal National Theatre Company under Laurence Olivier . Baker was in his thirties when his professional acting career began , and his first major film role was as Grigori Rasputin in Nicholas and Alexandra in 1971 , when he was 37 . He went on to play the villainous Prince Koura in The Golden Voyage of Sinbad in 1973 , which led to his casting in Doctor Who . During his period as its star , the series was distinguished by high viewing figures and many stories which became regarded as classics . He remains one of the most instantly recognisable incarnations of the character . He continued to win regular roles in TV later in his career , most notably in the series Medics and Monarch of the Glen . In addition to performing acting roles , Baker has narrated commercials , video games , audiobooks and television series . In a poll for the BBC Homes and Antiques magazine in January 2006 , Baker was voted the world 's fourth-most eccentric star . He was beaten by Björk , Chris Eubank and David Icke . Married three times , the second to Doctor Who co-star Lalla Ward , Baker has two sons from his first marriage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b5909d535fdd2055f6cbb1d0b1ef214",
"text": "Samantha Morton Samantha Jane Morton ( born 13 May 1977 ) is an English actress , screenwriter and director . She has received critical acclaim and numerous accolades throughout her career , including one BAFTA Award , one BIFA Award , one Golden Globe Award and has been nominated twice for an Academy Award and once for an Emmy Award . She has been described as one of the greatest actresses of her generation . Brought up in Nottingham , Morton joined the Central Junior Television Workshop , and soon began her career in British television in 1991 . She guest-starred in Soldier Soldier and Cracker and appeared from 1995 to 1996 in the ITV series Band of Gold . She made the transition to film with lead roles in the dramas Emma ( 1996 ) , Jane Eyre ( 1997 ) and the well-received Under the Skin ( 1997 ) . The latter made director Woody Allen cast Morton in Sweet and Lowdown ( 1999 ) , which earned her nominations for the Academy Award and the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress . In the 2000s , Morton continued to draw critical praise for her performances in numerous arthouse and independent films . Her role in Morvern Callar ( 2002 ) garnered her the BIFA Award for Best Actress , and she received her second Academy Award nomination , this time in the Best Actress category , for In America ( 2003 ) . She also found mainstream success with the science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) . For her role in 2006 's television biopic Longford , she received BAFTA and Emmy Award nominations and won the Golden Globe for Best Supporting Actress -- Television Film . Morton starred in the dramas Control ( 2007 ) , Synecdoche , New York ( 2008 ) and The Messenger ( 2009 ) , and she made her directorial debut with the British television film The Unloved ( 2009 ) , winning the BAFTA Television Award for Best Single Drama . Her most recent acting credits include the science fiction action film John Carter ( 2012 ) , the thriller Cosmopolis ( 2012 ) , the drama Decoding Annie Parker ( 2013 ) , the period film Miss Julie ( 2014 ) , the European limited series The Last Panthers ( 2015 ) and the film adaptation Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them ( 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44",
"text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1aa8ac349062925ac641304f26492821",
"text": "Speech to the Troops at Tilbury The Speech to the Troops at Tilbury was delivered on 9 August Old Style ( 19 August New Style ) 1588 by Queen Elizabeth I of England to the land forces earlier assembled at Tilbury in Essex in preparation for repelling the expected invasion by the Spanish Armada . Before the speech the Armada had been driven from the Strait of Dover in the Battle of Gravelines eleven days earlier , and had by then rounded Scotland on its way home , but troops were still held at ready in case the Spanish army of Alexander Farnese , the Duke of Parma , might yet attempt to invade from Dunkirk ; two days later they were discharged . On the day of the speech , the Queen left her bodyguard before Tilbury Fort and went among her subjects with an escort of six men . Lord Ormonde walked ahead with the Sword of State ; he was followed by a page leading the Queen 's charger and another bearing her silver helmet on a cushion ; then came the Queen herself , in white with a silver cuirass and mounted on a grey gelding . She was flanked on horseback by her lieutenant general the Earl of Leicester on the right , and on the left by the Earl of Essex , her Master of the Horse . Sir John Norreys brought up the rear .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6105aa37458c437cb4b2e2d9c5702b81",
"text": "Haymarket Theatre (Leicester) The Haymarket Theatre is a theatre in Leicester , England , based in the Haymarket Shopping Centre on Belgrave Gate in Leicester city centre . The Leicester City Council purchased a 99-year lease of the Haymarket Theatre on behalf of the public on 29 September 1974 . The Leicester Theatre Trust operated the theatre from this date then vacated in 2007 in favour of the new Curve Theatre , Leicester on Halford Street . The Metal Tree sculpture by Hubert Dalwood , located at the front of the entrance to the Haymarket Theatre , is the only major piece of abstract sculpture in the city centre . The Haymarket Theatre was opened by Sir Ralph Richardson and the opening season started with The Recruiting Officer on the 17th October 1973 , Economic Necessity on the 24th of October and Cabaret on the 21st of November . The last show on was Wizard of Oz starring Helena Blackman and Ceri Dupree in 2006 . On 3 June 2016 plans were announced to re-open the Haymarket Theatre as a performance and training venue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fe0a358f675a3134302798e5f648c410",
"text": "Skyfall Skyfall is the 23rd James Bond film produced by Eon Productions and released in 2012 . It features Daniel Craig in his third performance as James Bond , and Javier Bardem as Raoul Silva , the film 's villain . It was directed by Sam Mendes and written by Neal Purvis , Robert Wade and John Logan , and features an Academy Award-winning theme , sung by Adele . It was distributed by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer ( MGM ) and Columbia Pictures . The story centres on Bond investigating an attack on MI6 ; the attack is part of a plot by former MI6 agent Raoul Silva to humiliate , discredit and kill M as revenge against her for betraying him . The film sees the return of two recurring characters to the series after an absence of two films : Q , played by Ben Whishaw , and Moneypenny , played by Naomie Harris . Skyfall is the last film of the series for Judi Dench , who played M , a role that she had played in the previous six films . The position is subsequently filled by Ralph Fiennes ' character , Gareth Mallory , though Dench would make a brief appearance in the next Bond film , Spectre . Mendes was approached to direct the film after the release of Quantum of Solace in 2008 . Development was suspended when MGM encountered financial troubles and did not resume until December 2010 ; during this time , Mendes remained attached to the project as a consultant . The original screenwriter , Peter Morgan , left the project during the suspension . When production resumed , Logan , Purvis , and Wade continued writing what became the final version of the script . Filming began in November 2011 and primarily took place in the United Kingdom , with smaller portions shot in China and Turkey . Skyfall premiered in London at the Royal Albert Hall on 23 October 2012 and was released in the United Kingdom on 26 October 2012 and the United States on 9 November 2012 . It was the first James Bond film to be screened in IMAX venues , although it was not filmed with IMAX cameras . The film 's release coincided with the 50th anniversary of the series , which began with Dr. No in 1962 . Skyfall was positively received by critics , being praised for its performances -- particularly those of Craig , Bardem and Dench -- writing and script , cinematography , Mendes ' direction , Thomas Newman 's score , and the action scenes . It was the 14th film to gross over $ 1 billion worldwide , and the first Bond film to do so . It became the seventh-highest-grossing film at the time , the highest-grossing film in the UK , the highest-grossing film in the series , the highest-grossing film worldwide for both Sony Pictures and MGM , and the second-highest-grossing film of 2012 . The film won several accolades , including two BAFTA Awards , two Academy Awards and two Grammys .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c83d52817cee10fc9beca13595b2372",
"text": "Kingsman: The Golden Circle Kingsman : The Golden Circle is an upcoming 2017 British-American action spy comedy-drama film directed by Matthew Vaughn , and is the sequel to 2015 film Kingsman : The Secret Service . The series is based on the comic book The Secret Service , created by Dave Gibbons and Mark Millar . The film stars Colin Firth , Julianne Moore , Taron Egerton , Mark Strong , Halle Berry , Elton John , Channing Tatum and Jeff Bridges , and is scheduled to be released on 22 September 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f145c0bef4269adfc6f82963bafc79a4",
"text": "Mrs. Fitzherbert Mrs. Fitzherbert , also known as Princess Fitz and A Court Secret , is a rarely seen 1947 British historical drama film directed by Montgomery Tully and starring Peter Graves , Joyce Howard and Leslie Banks . It depicts the relationship between George IV and Maria Fitzherbert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727345278309a73012f2a75ba6c093c6",
"text": "Highlander (film) Highlander is a 1986 British-American adventure action fantasy film directed by Russell Mulcahy and based on a story by Gregory Widen . It stars Christopher Lambert , Sean Connery , Clancy Brown , and Roxanne Hart . The film narrates the climax of an ages-old battle between immortal warriors , depicted through interwoven past and present-day storylines . Christopher Lambert plays swordsman Connor MacLeod from Scottish Highlands , known as the Highlander , one of a number of immortal warriors , who can only be killed by decapitation . After initial training by another highly skilled immortal swordsman , Ramirez ( Sean Connery ) , MacLeod lives on for several centuries , eventually settling in New York City , managing an antiques shop . In 1985 , he falls in love with a policewoman named Brenda and finds out that he must face his biggest enemy , Clancy Brown 's Kurgan , who wishes to kill MacLeod and to obtain `` the Prize '' -- a special ability which is given to the last living immortal warrior , vast knowledge and the ability to enslave the entire human race . Highlander enjoyed little success on its initial theatrical release , grossing over $ 12 million worldwide against a production budget of $ 19 million , and received mixed reviews . Nevertheless , it became a cult film and launched Lambert to stardom . The film inspired a franchise which included film sequels and television spin-offs . Its tagline , `` There can be only one '' , has carried on throughout the franchise , as have the songs provided for the film by the rock band Queen .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
858024ce18c0cc647c873212f942af8b | Thiokol became part of something else. | [
{
"docid": "4574aab613e70ca56d5013b1a086823f",
"text": "Thiokol Thiokol ( variously Thiokol Chemical Corporation , Morton-Thiokol Inc. , Cordant Technologies Inc. , Thiokol Propulsion , AIC Group , ATK Thiokol ; finally ATK Launch Systems Group before becoming part of Orbital ATK ) was an American corporation concerned initially with rubber and related chemicals , and later with rocket and missile propulsion systems . Its name is a portmanteau of the Greek words for sulfur ( θειον `` theion '' ) and glue ( κολλα `` kolla '' ) , an allusion to the company 's initial product , Thiokol polymer . The Thiokol Chemical Company was founded in 1929 . Its initial business was a range of synthetic rubber and polymer sealants , and Thiokol was a major supplier of liquid polymer sealants during World War II . When scientists at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory discovered that Thiokol 's polymers made ideal binders for solid rocket fuels , Thiokol moved into the new field , opening laboratories at Elkton , Maryland , and later production facilities at Elkton and at Redstone Arsenal in Huntsville , Alabama . Huntsville produced the XM33 Pollux , TX-18 Falcon , and TX-135 Nike-Zeus systems . It closed in 1996 . In the mid-1950s the company bought extensive lands in Utah for its rocket test range , and in 1986 was found at fault for the destruction of the Space Shuttle Challenger and the deaths of its astronauts . Thiokol continues to have major operations in the state , at Magna and Promontory ( manufacture of the Space Shuttle 's solid rocket motors ) , and its current headquarters at Brigham City . the company employed over 15,000 people worldwide and records annual sales of around .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "18e558fa0fd8a09ff0ba3fa8423c993d",
"text": "Derivative (chemistry) In chemistry , a derivative is a compound that is derive #Verb from a similar compound by a chemical reaction . In the past , derivative also meant a compound that can be imagined to arise from another compound , if one atom or group of atoms is replaced with another atom or group of atoms , but modern chemical language now uses the term structural analog for this meaning , thus eliminating ambiguity . The term `` structural analogue '' is common in organic chemistry . In biochemistry , the word is used for compounds that at least theoretically can be formed from the precursor compound . Chemical derivatives may be used to facilitate analysis . For example , melting point ( MP ) analysis can assist in identification of many organic compounds . A crystalline derivative may be prepared , such as a semicarbazone or 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone ( derived from aldehydes or ketones ) , as a simple way of verifying the identity of the original compound , assuming that a table of derivative MP values is available . Prior to the advent of spectroscopic analysis , such methods were widely used .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cc4c8aa65bd2b7ac0d6502fd4612554a",
"text": "Tokumei kumiai , literally `` anonymous partnerships , '' are a Japanese bilateral contract governed by the Commercial Code of Japan , Article 535 et seq. . In English , they are often called TK or silent partnerships . In many respects they are similar to common law limited partnerships . In a tokumei kumiai arrangement , invest in a venture operated by a . By law , the partnership itself has no legal personality . Any assets of the partnership are the property of the manager ; however , the anonymous partners have a right to a share of any profits from the venture , as provided in the partnership agreement . Anonymous partners have limited liability for the partnership 's debts , on the condition that they are anonymous . If an anonymous partner allows their name to be used in the name of the manager or in the name of the partnership , the anonymous partner loses their limited liability . Tokumei kumiai are often used for investment funds . A structure known as the `` Dutch TK '' was once popular among foreign investors in Japan , as it was possible to recognize income from Japan through a Dutch anonymous partner in a tokumei kumiai without paying Japanese income or withholding taxes under the tax treaty of 1970 . This loophole was closed by a new tax treaty in August 2010 , which imposes a 20 % withholding tax on distributions through such structures . More recently , it has become popular to use a tokumei kumiai together with a godo kaisha to hold a trust beneficial interest in real estate using what is known as a `` TK/GK scheme . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef74bb0505ab209cbf9891ce406c257c",
"text": "Thiomersal Thiomersal ( INN ) , or thimerosal ( USP ) , is an organomercury compound . This compound is a well established antiseptic and antifungal agent . The pharmaceutical corporation Eli Lilly and Company gave thiomersal the trade name Merthiolate . It has been used as a preservative in vaccines , immunoglobulin preparations , skin test antigens , antivenins , ophthalmic and nasal products , and tattoo inks . Its use as a vaccine preservative was controversial , and it was phased out from routine childhood vaccines in the European Union , and a few other countries in response to popular fears . The current scientific consensus is that no convincing scientific evidence supports these fears .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "377e7d6b49d1bb23ca483cc47e1f8964",
"text": "Division (business) A division of a business , sometimes called a business sector , is one of the parts into which a business , organization or company is divided . The divisions are distinct parts of that business . If these divisions are all part of the same company , then that company is legally responsible for all of the obligations and debts of the divisions . However , in a large organization , various parts of the business may be run by different subsidiaries , and a business division may include one or many subsidiaries . Each subsidiary is a separate legal entity owned by the primary business or by another subsidiary in the hierarchy . Often a division operates under a separate name and is the equivalent of a corporation or limited liability company obtaining a fictitious name or `` doing business as '' certificate and operating a business under that fictitious name . Companies often set up business units to operate in divisions prior to the legal formation of subsidiaries . Generally , only an `` entity '' , e.g. a corporation , public limited company ( plc ) or limited liability company , etc. would have a `` division '' ; an individual operating in this manner would simply be `` operating under a fictitious name '' . An example of this would be to look at Hewlett Packard ( HP ) , the computer and printer company . HP has several divisions , with the printer division , that makes laser and inkjet printers , being the largest and most profitable division . The divisions of HP , like the Printing & Multifunction division , the Handheld Devices ( includes the old calculator ) division , the Servers division ( mini and mainframe computers ) , etc. , all use the HP brand name . But , Compaq ( a part of HP since 2002 ) , operates as a subsidiary , using the Compaq brand name . Mack Trucks continues to run itself separately , but is a wholly owned subsidiary of AB Volvo . Volvo Trucks also sells trucks under the Volvo name . Within Mack , there is a division named Mack de Venezuela C.A. that does final assembly and sells trucks in South America . Another less obvious example is that Google Video is a division of Google , and is part of the same corporate entity . But the YouTube video service is a subsidiary of Google because it remains operated as YouTube , LLC , a separate business entity even though it is owned by Google .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6e7cde78e316a297fac546cacd0e08e",
"text": "Beryozka Beriozka ( Russian : Берёзка , lit . `` little birch tree '' ) was a twin chain of state-run retail stores in the Russian SFSR that sold goods for hard currency . Beriozkas sold goods that were generally unavailable in regular shops . In English-language advertisements and signs , the spelling was always `` Beriozka '' rather than the more conventional transliteration `` Beryozka . '' One chain that belonged to the Vneshposyltorg ( Foreign Mail Order Trade ) was intended for Soviet citizens who received some income in hard currency . Some of them were forced to sell their currency for ruble-denominated Vneshposyltorg checks , while others never laid their hands on foreign currency , receiving their pay from Western sources in Vneshposyltorg checks via Soviet intermediaries . The checks were to be used to purchase goods in the Vneshposyltorg Beriozkas . The other chain sold goods directly for foreign currency and for Vneshtorgbank series D checks . Soviet citizens ( except for high-ranking officials ) were not allowed to enter these stores as they were legally forbidden to be in possession of hard currency . The hard currency stores were named Beriozka only in the territory of the RSFSR . Other republics of the Soviet Union had similar stores usually named after their `` national trees . '' For example , hard currency stores were named Kashtan ( Chestnut ) in the Ukrainian SSR and Chinara ( Oriental plane ) in the Azerbaijan SSR , etc. . There were also separate Albatross stores in the Soviet port cities , e.g. Vladivostok , that sold goods to Soviet sailors returning from abroad . The Albatross stores sold goods for Torgmortrans checks issued by the Department of the Soviet Naval Fleet in exchange for foreign currency earned by the sailors . Beriozka stores were opened in 1964 . Their predecessors were Torgsin stores of the 1930s and the highly ineffective Vneshposyltorg departments of the large Soviet department stores ( e.g. State Universal Store ) that allowed catalog mail order from abroad by customers paying in hard currency . Beriozka stores became obsolete in the early 1990s when conversion of rubles into hard currency was allowed . The stores were privatized and in the mid-1990s most were closed as uncompetitive . Many other countries had similar institutions , such as Intershops in the German Democratic Republic or Friendship Stores in the People 's Republic of China , Pewex in Poland , though some of these systems allowed anyone with hard currency to shop there .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e49e39931d5ceab484b4d4b48d5cc85",
"text": "Thomas Kalil Thomas ( `` Tom '' ) Amadeus Kalil ( born October 4 , 1963 ) is an expert on technology and innovation policy , and Deputy Director for Policy for the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy . He is also the Senior Advisor for Science , Technology and Innovation for the United States National Economic Council . Kalil is the son of Ronald and Katherine Kalil , both professors at the University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health in Madison . He earned a bachelor 's degree in political science and international economics from the University of Wisconsin at Madison . Kalil completed graduate work at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy . Kalil worked in the issues departments on two Democratic presidential campaigns , 1988 and 1992 . His work included writing position papers and briefing the candidate on a wide range of policy issues , experiences he later described as being `` like boot camp for policy wonks . '' Before entering government , Kalil was a trade specialist at the Washington offices of Dewey Ballantine . There , he represented the Semiconductor Industry Association ( SIA ) on technology policy and U.S.-Japan trade issues . In this capacity he was principal staffer to Gordon Moore , then chair of the SIA Technology Committee . During the Clinton administration , Kalil was Deputy Assistant to the President for Technology and Economic Policy , and , simultaneously , Deputy Director of the White House National Economic Council . As such , he worked on a range of technology and telecommunications issues , including the liberalization of export controls , the allocation of wireless spectrum , and high-tech workforce issues . Kalil provided leadership for a number of White House initiatives , including the National Nanotechnology Initiative , the Next Generation Internet , and several others . He advocated for increased support for the physical sciences and engineering during a time when they were perceived to be neglected as compared to the life sciences and biomedical research . Leaving government at the end of the Clinton administration , Kalil became a Senior Fellow with the Center for American Progress , and later Special Assistant to the Chancellor for Science and Technology at the University of California , Berkeley . There , he developed multi-disciplinary research initiatives , most of them at the interfaces among information technology , nanotechnology , and biology . He served on several committees of the National Academy of Sciences . From 2007 -- 2008 , Kalil chaired the Clinton Global Initiative 's Global Health Working Group . That group developed new initiatives in areas including under-nutrition , maternal and child health , and vaccines . Kalil joined the Obama administration in 2009 . In 1995 Kalil married MaryAnne McCormick , a former legislative aide to Senator Daniel P. Moynihan . McCormick was , at the time , a lobbyist for Corning Inc. and was later an attorney at the Federal Communications Commission .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ec5879ae0ce9084851035df9a5a9d07",
"text": "Chewco Chewco Investments L. P. , was a limited partnership associated with the Enron scandal , which resulted in the bankruptcy of Enron . It was named after the Star Wars character Chewbacca , because it was created to hide losses from the Joint Energy Development Investment Limited , known by its acronym `` JEDI '' . Like Chewbacca , the Jedi Knights were prominent characters in Star Wars . Enron created Chewco as a limited partnership which would help keep the JEDI project off its books . It wanted to buy out the California Public Employees ' Retirement System 's interest in JEDI , but it did not want to be forced , by accepted accounting principles , to consolidate JEDI in the Enron financial statements and thus reflect debt and/or financial losses . Enron wanted to keep JEDI afloat , but it needed a partner to take at least a 3 % stake , or the partnership 's results would have to be included in Enron 's financial statements . Chewco was created to be that partner . The Chewco structure did not meet the SPE consolidation rules . The three basic rules for nonconsolidation of an SPE require that the independent equity investor -- continuously invest at least 3 % of the SPE 's assets ; exercise control of and assume risks of the SPE ; and like all other transactions , provide real ( potential ) economic benefits to Enron . Chewco appeared to meet these tests , because it was financed by an unsecured loan from Barclay 's Bank ; in reality , however , the loan had been guaranteed by Enron stock held by Enron itself . Additionally , as investors became more wary of Chewco , Michael Kopper , an Enron employee who reported to CFO Andrew Fastow , took over the titular management role and was used to hide actual ownership . With Enron thus assuming practical control over Chewco , the structure did not meet an additional requirement for a non-consolidated SPE . More prosaically , this was one of many ways in which Enron `` cooked the books '' , failing to disclose corporate debt that SEC regulations require to be disclosed . Over the course of three years , Kopper received between $ 1.5 and $ 2 million in management fees from Chewco , some of which was kicked back to Fastow in the form of checks written to members of his family . According to the Powers Report ( the report of the investigative committee chaired by William Powers , Jr ) Kopper did little actual work , aside from time spent manipulating the books . Chewco itself did little actual work other than moving funds from one account to another , and that was done with minor expenditure of labor by lower-level employees . After all was said and done , Enron used Chewco to report roughly $ 400 million in profits which did not exist , while concealing $ 600 million in debt . Enron 's requirement to restate its earnings to remove this fake $ 400 million profit was a primary catalyst of Enron 's downfall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6584763eca3c43963f86e22d067ea0c1",
"text": "On the other hand",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a91953053a98b74bab06df3fd393fd0",
"text": "Prachai Leophai-ratana Prachai Leophairatana is a former Senator and a Thai businessman who founded Thai Petrochemical Industry ( TPI ) . Prachai founded Thai Petrochemical Industry in 1978 , based on companies his grandfather founded during World War II . Thai Petrochemical Industry ( TPI ) group begun in rice milling , and had extended to gunnysacks , textiles , and insurance in the second generation . In 1979 , the group consisted of nineteen firms still based mainly in agriculture-related sectors . The patriarch of this second generation , Pornchai Leophairatana , sent his sons to the USA to study accounting , economics , and engineering . Returning to Thailand in the era when the economy was shifting decisively towards industry using newly found supplies of natural gas , Prachai Leophairatana and his five siblings launched the firm into cement and petrochemicals . In the 1990s , Prachai expanded TPI with massive offshore loans to take advantage of the then vast interest rate gap between the Thai baht and US dollar . Unfortunately , most of the loans were not hedged because , as Prachai put it , `` the Thai government had pledged the baht peg would be defended '' . The peg was around 25 baht to the US dollar . By the mid-1990s , the number of firms had expanded to forty-four , total revenues had multiplied twenty-five times . TPl had risen rapidly to second rank in the cement market , behind the venerable Siam Cement . It had also become a major player in the booming petrochemicals industry . By 1994 , it had become Southeast Asia 's first fully integrated petrochemical company . TPI invested in a wharf and handling facilities on Thailand 's eastern seaboard , built a 100-megawatt power plant , and even owned a cement company and opened its own gas stations . TPI has capability if unconstrained by lenders and their appointed planners to produce an overall gross margin that ranks in the top third to one half versus the major petrochemical complexes in the world , including , e.g. , ExxonMobil Singapore , ExxonMobil Baytown , BP Grangemouth , Dow Terneuzen , Shell Mordijk , Samsung , Hanwha and Hyundai Korea , Dow Petronas Optimal Kertih , The Petrochemical Corporation of Singapore PCS ) and downstream complex , Shell CNOOC Nanhai ( Huizhou , Guangzhou ) and so on . The facility is integrated from crude oil / condensate to plastic resin , has multiple power and cogeneration units and uses adequate if not leading edge technologies for refinery , lube base oil , olefins , polyolefins , ABS , styrene , and polystyrene ; it is one of the largest single site polypropylene producers in Asia and the world . The baht , however , proved vulnerable . Under significant speculative attacks , its defences crumbled . The Thai currency was floated on July 2 1997 . By January 1998 , the baht exchange rate had shot up to 56 to the US dollar . With TPI 's total loans reaching US$ 3.8 billion , its creditors - led by Bangkok Bank - decided to get tough . In early 2000 , Thailand 's bankruptcy court approved the creditors ' debt restructuring plan and appointed Australia-based Effective Planners as the plan administrator . The plan called for a debt-to-equity swap of US$ 756 million and the sale of non-core assets to raise US$ 200 million.Many thought that would spell the end of Prachai , who had effectively turned one of the region 's largest petrochemical complexes into Thailand 's biggest corporate debtor . But it did n't . Prachai refused to budge . He stayed on as TPI 's chief executive and , for a while , even reported for work every morning . He also besieged the court by filing more than 35 different legal challenges against the plan and Effective Planners . The latter had to spend millions of dollars to fend off litigation . Although most of the lawsuits were dismissed , Prachai has always maintained he was not fighting for himself but for TPI and its workers . Many observers , though , feel the workout plan , which slashed the Leophairatana family 's stake in the company to 15 % from 60 % , left the 58-year-old entrepreneur feeling embittered . Prachai 's persistence , however , seems to have paid off . On April 21 2003 , he scored an important victory in the bankruptcy court . On that fateful day , to the shock of the Thai and foreign legal communities , the court ordered the removal of Effective Planners as TPI 's plan administrator and appointed Prachai as a temporary replacement instead . In response , the creditors suspended US$ 80 million in working capital facilities vital to TPI . Just a few days prior to the April 21 judgment , the creditors had declared support for Effective Planners , even though , as Prachai pointed out later , it had failed to meet most of the targets outlined in the debt rehabilitation plan . Effective Planners was expected to incur expenses not exceeding 640 million baht in the 2001-02 fiscal year ( April 1 2001 to March 31 2002 ) , but as Prachai told the court , the sum was closer to 1.57 billion baht . Also , under the plan the company 's oil refining capacity was targeted to hit 125,000 barrels per day by the end of the fiscal year . But by the start of April 2002 , the TPI refinery was only churning out 82,000 barrels per day . The court rejected Effective Planners ' defence that the operating environment for TPI had worsened considerably following the September 11 2001 terrorist attacks in the US . Instead , in a highly unusual move , it recommended that the debtor side be adequately represented on a new steering committee . The Thai government stepped in by saying it would help mediate in the matter and proposed the appointment of a chairperson acceptable to both sides to lead the new steering committee consisting of seven representatives each from the creditors and the debtor side . `` The Thai bankruptcy law is very clear . On the control of reorganization , creditors have final say ... . The debtor has to be cooperative , and really has a minimal role to play , '' says Kowit Somwaiya , partner at Herbert Smith in Thailand . But Kowit says it was within the discretion of the court to recommend a joint panel consisting of representatives of both sides . `` Someone is needed who can bring both sides half way , someone Khun Prachai can trust . '' Creditors had conceded to allow one Prachai representative and one government representative to sit on the new steering panel , which would otherwise consist only of the members of Thai Administrators Ltd ( TAL ) The June 13 judgment appointing the Finance Ministry as TPI 's debt administrator is seen as limiting creditors ' future course of action . TAL was seen as the best hope for creditors as it consists of formidable members of Thailand 's business and legal community . Proposed by creditors as the debt plan administrator , TAL was rejected outright by Prachai . And in its June 13 ruling , the court said TAL 's plan appeared to be inadequate for creating the cash flow needed to service TPI 's huge debt . The company is obliged to make interest payments of around US$ 8.5 million every month . The court , it seems , has transferred the burden of responsibility onto the shoulders of the state . `` We had proposed to mediate in setting up a joint panel which would appoint financial advisors to conduct due diligence so that a -LSB- new -RSB- debt restructuring plan could be proposed , '' said Kitti Limsakul , an advisor to Thailand 's finance minister , before the June 13 ruling . `` But we respect the right of the creditors . '' Kitti said the government would not act unless directed by the court . In what would be a clear sign of things to come , the court had already signalled its approval of a government role in the crisis . Judge Kamol Teeravetponkul of the Central Bankruptcy Court on May 21 2003 said that the businesses run by TPI were too big to be nursed back to health by the private sector . `` The appointment of a tripartite debt administration team as suggested by the government is good solution , '' Reuters News Agency quoted Kamol as saying . Two weeks earlier , Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra himself proposed that a third party be appointed to mediate in the matter . It was Kamol who delivered the June 13 ruling . By and large financial experts have given a thumbs down to what they see as intervention by the state . `` It seems the prime minister is getting involved in a micro level . This is a step backward , '' said a Hong Kong-based credit analyst at a European Bank . The analyst , like his many of colleagues in the industry based outside Bangkok , see the resolution of the TPI case as a litmus test for the restructuring of billions of dollars worth of Thai corporate debt and crucial to Thailand 's ability to attract and retain foreign investment . Observers , based in the Thai capital , however , are more tempered . `` The TPI case is very unique , '' Kowit explains . `` First the amount involved , US$ 3.8 billion , is huge . Second , the company 's labour union -LSB- who have mostly supported Prachai -RSB- is very strong . And lastly , the creditor side involves some of the largest domestic and foreign institutions . '' Kowit also says many in Thailand were surprised that the rehabilitation plan did not permit any haircuts and that the creditors could take 75 % equity in the company through conversion of accrued interest of US$ 756 million in only three years.Prachai has repeatedly accused the lenders of not paying enough attention to the long-term viability of the company and focusing primarily on maximizing short-term returns . Speaking after the June 13 judgment , Kitti Limsakul , the advisor to Thailand 's finance minister , told Dow Jones Newswires that an earlier proposal to set up for a 15-member tripartite debt administration team consisting of seven members each from the creditor and debtor side , headed by a mediator from the government had been modified . Now , the Finance Ministry is willing to permit unequal representation of the two sides , depending on who is suitable . With the 2005 ruling , Prachai was forced to sell his and his family 's stock at 70 % below the market price at 3.30 baht per share to the recently privatized petroleum corporation PTT . Subsequently Prachai and his siblings were ejected from the board , and was replaced by the board assigned by PTT public company limited of whom were close allies of Thaksin Shinawatra . Prachai Leophairatana and his family were able to retain a small portion of their wealth , and now are the board members of the TPI Polene Public company limited , which recently was just released from rehabilitation plan on Tuesday , 11 April 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "166fbe461e3a25bf837151e49d1b6baa",
"text": "TL Tradewinds TL Tradewinds Company Limited ( commonly known as TL ) , formerly TL Tradewinds Ltd. , Part. , is a Thailand food company established in 2011 and headquartered in Surin City , Surin Province , Thailand . It manufactures lotus seeds snack products and produced food company brand is `` Mai '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22ec5bcde8c9f78a9f41b145b10fdf9b",
"text": "Superstate A superstate is defined as `` a large and powerful State formed when several smaller countries unite '' , `` A large and powerful state formed from a federation or union of nations '' . This is distinct from the concept of superpower , although these are frequently seen together . It is also distinct from the concept of empire , where one nation dominates other nations through military , political , and economic power , although an empire may also be a superstate . In the early 20th century , `` superstate '' had a similar definition as today 's supranational organisations . In a 1927 article by Edward A. Harriman on the League of Nations , a superstate was defined as merely `` an organisation , of which a state is a member , which is superior to the member themselves '' , in that '' -LSB- a -RSB- complete superstate has legislative , executive and judicial organs to make , to execute and to interpret its laws '' . According to this definition , Harriman saw the League of Nations as a `` rudimentary superstate '' , and the United States as `` an example of a complete and perfect superstate '' . In World Order of Bahá ` u 'll áh , first published in 1938 , Shoghi Effendi , the Guardian of the Bahá ' í Faith , described the anticipated world government of that religion as the `` world 's future super-state '' with the Bahá ' í Faith as the `` State Religion of an independent and Sovereign Power . '' In the 1970s , academic literature used the term `` superstate '' to indicate a particularly rich and powerful state , in a similar fashion to the term superpower . In contemporary political debate , especially the one centred on the European Union , the term `` superstate '' is used to indicate a ( usually deemed unwelcome ) development in which the Union takes over the character of a State ( including the monopoly on violence ) thus abolishing the sovereignty and independence of its member states . For instance , Glyn Morgan opposes the perspective of a `` European superstate '' to the ones of `` a Europe of nation-states '' and of `` a post-sovereign European polity '' . In her definition , a `` European superstate is nothing more than a sovereign state - a tried and tested type of polity that predominates in the modern world - operating on a European wide scale '' , i.e. , `` a unitary European state '' The term was famously used by Margaret Thatcher in her 1988 Bruges speech , when she decried the perspective of `` a European super-state exercising a new dominance from Brussels '' , and has since entered the eurosceptic lexicon . Tony Blair argued in 2000 that he welcomed an EU as a `` superpower , not a superstate ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b68258d0d515e845d58bc59048fc7be",
"text": "Partition chromatography Partition chromatography theory and practice of was introduced through the work and publications of Archer Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge during the 1940s . The process of separating mixtures of chemical compounds by passing them through a column that contained a solid stationary phase that was eluted with a mobile phase ( column chromatography ) was well known at that time . Chromatographic separation was considered to occur by an adsorption process whereby compounds adhered to a solid media and were washed off the column with a solvent , mixture of solvents , or solvent gradient . In contrast , Martin and Synge developed and described a chromatographic separation process whereby compounds where partitioned between two liquid phases similar to the separatory funnel liquid-liquid separation dynamic . This was an important departure , both in theory and in practice , from adsorption chromatography . In liquid-liquid separation , a compound is distributed between two immiscible liquid phases under equilibrium conditions . Martin and Synge initially attempted to devise a method of performing a sequential liquid-liquid extractions with serially connected glass vessels that functioned as separatory funnels . The seminal article presenting their early studies described a rather complicated instrument that allowed partitioning of amino acids between water and chloroform phases . The process was termed `` counter-current liquid-liquid extraction . '' Martin and Synge described the theory of this technique in reference to continuous fractional distillation described by Randall and Longtin . This approach was deemed too cumbersome so they developed a method of absorbing water onto silica gel as the stationary phase and using a solvent , such as chloroform , as the mobile phase . This work was published in 1941 as `` a new form of chromatogram employing two liquid phases . '' The article describes both the theory in terms of the partition coefficient of a compound and the application of the process to the separation of amino acids on a water-impregnated silica column eluted with a water : chloroform : n-butanol solvent mixture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a38935090888514a29a5259380608d99",
"text": "American Viscose Corporation American Viscose Corporation was an American division of the British firm Courtaulds , which manufactured rayon and other synthetic fibres . Established in 1909 , it became the largest supplier of rayon and the first company to make artificial silk in the United States . American Viscose had plants at Marcus Hook , Pennsylvania ( established 1910 ) , Roanoke , Virginia ( 1916 ) , Lewistown , Pennsylvania ( 1920 ) , Parkersburg , West Virginia ( 1927 ) , Meadville , Pennsylvania ( 1929 ) , Nitro , West Virginia , and Front Royal , Virginia ( 1940 ) . After a 1946 merger with Sylvania Industrial Corporation ( not to be confused with lighting and electronics manufacturer Sylvania ) , it gained a plant at Fredericksburg , Virginia . The company changed names and ownership several times . It was founded as a division of Courtaulds and began production as `` The Viscose Company '' in 1910 . In 1937 it changed to `` American Viscose Corporation '' . In 1941 the company was sold off by order of the British government in order to raise money for purchase of munitions and other supplies from the Americans . The company passed into the control of the Monsanto Corporation after the war . ( Courtaulds resumed manufacture of rayon in the United States in 1952 ) . In 1963 it was purchased by FMC Corporation , which sold off the division in 1976 to its employees . It was then renamed Avtex Fibers . In 1974 , two years before FMC Corporation sold off the division to its employees , the plant in Parkersburg , WV was closed . In 1980 Avtex Fibers closed their plant in Nitro , West Virginia that manufactured rayon staple . In 1983 , Avtex Fibers was the largest US manufacturer of rayon fiber , as well as operating plants that made polyester and acetate yarn . Certain of its closed plants have become Superfund pollution cleanup sites . The former plant site at Front Royal , Virginia was used for manufacturing from 1940 until 1989 , when the plant was closed after being cited for more than 2,000 environmental violations over five years , including emissions of polychlorinated biphenyls ( PCBs ) into the nearby Shenandoah River . The plant was demolished in 1997 , and is currently being restored by FMC in conjunction with the United States Environmental Protection Agency . The company made rayon fiber for fabric and also rayon cord for reinforcement of pneumatic automobile tires . Declining sales and high internal costs caused Avtex to close its rayon operations in 1988 , briefly restarting to produce fiber for the aerospace industry , and then permanently closing in 1990 for economic and environmental reasons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "feaca61e6018e460d0210751b5455431",
"text": "Classical compound Classical compounds and neoclassical compounds are compound words composed from combining forms ( which act as affixes or stems ) derived from classical Latin or ancient Greek roots . New Latin comprises many such words and is a substantial component of the technical and scientific lexicon of English and other languages , including international scientific vocabulary . For example , bio - #Prefix combines with - graphy #Suffix to form biography ( `` life '' + `` writing/recording '' ) . A vowel usually facilitates the combination : in biography , the interfix - o - #Interfix , in miniskirt , the interfix - i - #Interfix . This vowel is usually regarded as attached to the initial base ( bio - , mini - ) rather than the final base ( - graphy , - skirt ) , but in forms where it is conventionally stressed , it is sometimes shown as attached to the final base ( - ography , - ology ) . If , however , the final base begins with a vowel ( for example , - archy as in monarchy ) , the mediating vowel has traditionally been avoided ( not * monoarchy ) , but in recent coinages it is often kept , sometimes accompanied by a hyphen ( auto-analysis , bioenergy , hydroelectricity , not * autanalysis , * bienergy , * hydrelectricity ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd7228fe5fac23a3f7f93d639c98be9a",
"text": "2006 Russian ban of Moldovan and Georgian wines The 2006 Russian import ban of Moldovan and Georgian wines began in late March 2006 and created a diplomatic conflict between the Republic of Moldova and Georgia on the one hand and Russia on the other . Wine trade with Russia is responsible for 80-90 % of the total wine exports in both countries . The Chief Sanitary Inspector of Russia Gennadiy Onishchenko claimed that heavy metals and pesticides had been found in Georgian and Moldovan wines and that they were falsified alcoholic products labeled as wines . The Russian Consumer Agency claimed that it had examined 21 sorts of Georgian wine sold in Moscow and concluded that 85.7 % did not comply with sanitary requirements . Pesticides were discovered in 60 % samples of Moldovan and 44 % samples of Georgian wine . However , the Moldovans claimed that no proof was provided by the Russians and that dozens of countries across the world imported Moldovan wines without any reported problems . Moldova argued that the ban amounted to economic blackmail . Seven Georgian wineries were later closed down after the government revision revealed that they had produced falsified wine . In May 2005 , Georgian Defense Minister Irakli Okruashvili stated that `` many -LSB- Georgian -RSB- wine producers exported falsified wine to Russia , because Russia is a market where you can sell even turds '' . Okruashvili thought that Russia 's decision to ban the import of Georgian wines `` was not a surprise '' for Tbilisi . Russia accounted for 80 % of Georgian wine sales , and the ban became a `` big blow '' to the industry . Georgian producers swiftly admitted that wines were regularly faked . Prior to the ban , the Georgian government closed down several testing laboratories in Georgia , and several wineries were made to dump their product . Seven Georgian wineries were closed down after the government revision revealed that they had produced falsified wine . Production of falsified wine in Georgia for the rapidly expanding Russian market had been `` big business for the last decade '' according to the Western press . The ban on wine imports came at a time of worsening relations between the countries . The differences involved the Rose Revolution and pro-NATO/pro-EU moves in Georgia and a divergence of the Russian and Moldovan positions regarding the future of Transnistria . A year earlier , the Russian Duma had demanded a ban on Moldovan wine imports , because Moldova was considered to pursue anti-Russian policies . EU 's external relations commissioner , Benita Ferrero-Waldner stated that the EU was worried about what she called an `` embargo '' against Moldova , but the EU could n't take any measures since Russia was not a member of the World Trade Organization . The president of NATO Parliamentary Assembly Pierre Lellouche also said , on May 5 , he was deeply concerned about the Russian ban on Georgian products . From 5 May to 6 May 2006 , the Russian government also banned the import of Borjomi and Nabeglavi , two popular brands of Georgian mineral water . The government claimed that it was a health hazard since it failed to meet water purity standards . The Georgian government responded by stating that the action was an expansion of the wine embargo and a part of a political campaign to punish the country for pro-Western policies , a claim President Mikheil Saakashvili of Georgia reiterated at the Conference on Common Vision for Common Neighborhood held in Vilnius , Lithuania , from May 1 to 4 , and attended also by the presidents of the three Baltic states , Poland , Ukraine , Moldova , Romania , Bulgaria and the United States Vice-President Richard Cheney . Neither the Georgian or Moldovan wines , nor the Borjomi or Nabeglavi mineral waters had been banned nor restricted in any other country besides Russia . One Russian expert has also criticized the Russian ban on `` Borjomi '' . The drink ban appeared to exacerbate tensions between Russia and the Government of Georgia . The 2008 South Ossetia war would occur later that year . Following the conflict , Georgia also withdrew from the Commonwealth of Independent States ( CIS ) , a bloc of several post-Soviet countries . Georgian wines are currently ( 2013 ) sold in over 50 countries , including Ukraine , which became the key market after the Russian ban . However , sales fell sharply , to about one third of what Georgia exported prior to the ban .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0cfc57e8e0f39409968a9aec19ace8d5",
"text": "Sulcalization Sulcalization , in phonetics , is the pronunciation of a sound , typically a sibilant consonant , such as English -LSB- slinks -RSB- and -LSB- slinkz -RSB- , with a deep groove running along the back of the tongue that focuses the airstream on the teeth , producing a more intense sound . That is accomplished by raising the sides of the back of the tongue ( `` lateral contraction '' ) and leaving a hollow along the mid-line . It is not clear if all sibilants are so grooved : Catford ( 1977 ) observed that the degree of sulcalization differs between places of articulation as well as between languages , but no language is known to contrast a grooved and non-grooved sibilant . English -LSB- -LSB- ɹ -RSB- -RSB- , which allows various tongue positions without apparent distinction , may also receive its characteristic quality from being sulcal . In phonology and historical linguistics , sulcalization is the development of such a groove in a non-sulcal consonant . For example , close vowels trigger the effect in Japanese , in which historic * tu and * ti have become -LSB- -LSB- tsu -RSB- -RSB- and -LSB- -LSB- tɕi -RSB- -RSB- , respectively . A similar sound change as operated in the Senufo languages . ( The palatalization of * tsi to -LSB- -LSB- tɕi -RSB- -RSB- in Japanese is a different process and does not occur in Senufo . ) Vowels may also be sulcalized , which has been described as giving them a `` throaty '' sound ( Jones 1967:82 ) . The -LSB- slinkɒ -RSB- vowel of Received Pronunciation , which is normally described as a rounded , is pronounced by some speakers without rounded lips for whom the characteristic quality is rather one of sulcality ( Lass 1984:124 ) . One scholar has also suggested that the vowel in the RP pronunciation of words like bird , typically transcribed -LSB- blinkɜ -RSB- , is actually a sulcal schwa , retaining the sulcality of the original rhotic consonant . Accordingly , the realization of -LSB- / ə / -RSB- in other contexts , such as beard and scarce , is interpreted as the product of a loss of sulcality ( Erickson 2003:197 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc3d762b657a1c7dd9c0faff61bda04e",
"text": "Mergers and acquisitions Mergers and acquisitions ( M&A ) are transactions in which the ownership of companies , other business organizations or their operating units are transferred or combined . As an aspect of strategic management , M&A can allow enterprises to grow , shrink , and change the nature of their business or competitive position . From a legal point of view , a merger is a legal consolidation of two entities into one entity , whereas an acquisition occurs when one entity takes ownership of another entity 's stock , equity interests or assets . From a commercial and economic point of view , both types of transactions generally result in the consolidation of assets and liabilities under one entity , and the distinction between a `` merger '' and an `` acquisition '' is less clear . A transaction legally structured as an acquisition may have the effect of placing one party 's business under the indirect ownership of the other party 's shareholders , while a transaction legally structured as a merger may give each party 's shareholders partial ownership and control of the combined enterprise . A deal may be euphemistically called a `` merger of equals '' if both CEOs agree that joining together is in the best interest of both of their companies , while when the deal is unfriendly ( that is , when the management of the target company opposes the deal ) it may be regarded as an `` acquisition '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da1667b3653395b3623332156d06d8a3",
"text": "New international division of labour In economics , the new international division of labor ( NIDL ) is an outcome of globalization . The term was coined by theorists seeking to explain the spatial shift of manufacturing industries from advanced capitalist countries to developing countries -- an ongoing geographic reorganization of production , which finds its origins in ideas about a global division of labor . It is a spatial division of labor which occurs when the process of production is no longer confined to national economies . Under the `` old '' international division of labor , until around 1970 , underdeveloped areas were incorporated into the world economy principally as suppliers of minerals and agricultural commodities . However , as developing economies are merged into the world economy , more production takes place in these economies . This has led to a trend of transference , or what is also known as the `` global industrial shift '' , in which production processes are relocated from developed countries ( such as the US , European countries , and Japan ) to developing countries in Asia ( such as China , Vietnam , and India ) and Latin America . This is because companies search for the cheapest locations to manufacture and assemble components , so low-cost labor-intensive parts of the manufacturing process are shifted to the developing world where costs are substantially lower . Companies do so by taking advantage of transportation and communications technology , as well as fragmentation and locational flexibility of production . From 1953 to the late 1990s , the industrialized economies ' share of world manufacturing output declined from 95 % to 77 % , and the developing economies ' share more than quadrupled from 5 % to 23 % . The resultant division of labor across continents closely follows the North -- South socio-economic and political divide , wherein the North -- with one quarter of the world population -- controls four fifths of the world income , while the South -- with three quarters of the world population -- has access to one fifth of the world income .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba73169e6959653cea3b754a583c0f0e",
"text": "Fine chemical Fine chemicals are complex , single , pure chemical substances , produced in limited quantities in multipurpose plants by multistep batch chemical or biotechnological processes . They are described by exacting specifications , used for further processing within the chemical industry and sold for more than $ 10/kg ( see the comparison of fine chemicals , commodities and specialties ) . The class of fine chemicals is subdivided either on the basis of the added value ( building blocks , advanced intermediates or active ingredients ) , or the type of business transaction , namely standard or exclusive products . Fine chemicals are produced in limited volumes ( < 1000 tons/year ) and at relatively high prices ( > $ 10/kg ) according to exacting specifications , mainly by traditional organic synthesis in multipurpose chemical plants . Biotechnical processes are gaining ground . The global production value is about $ 85 billion . Fine chemicals are used as starting materials for specialty chemicals , particularly pharmaceuticals , biopharmaceuticals and agrochemicals . Custom manufacturing for the life science industry plays a big role ; however , a significant portion of the fine chemicals total production volume is manufactured in house by large users . The industry is fragmented and extends from small , privately owned companies to divisions of big , diversified chemical enterprises . The term `` fine chemicals '' is used in distinction to `` heavy chemicals '' , which are produced and handled in large lots and are often in a crude state . Since their inception in the late 1970s , fine chemicals have become an important part of the chemical industry . The total production value of $ 85 billion is split about 60 / 40 among in-house production by the main consumers , the life science industry , on the one hand , and the fine chemicals industry on the other hand . The latter pursues both a `` supply push '' strategy , whereby standard products are developed in-house and offered ubiquitously , and a `` demand pull '' strategy , whereby products or services determined by the customer are provided exclusively on a `` one customer / one supplier '' basis . The products are mainly used as building blocks for proprietary products . The hardware of the top tier fine chemical companies has become almost identical . The design , lay-out and equipment of the plants and laboratories has become practically the same all over the world . Most chemical reactions performed go back to the days of the dyestuff industry . Numerous regulations determine the way labs and plants have to be operated , thereby contributing to the uniformity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2921a44095aed5133c06700d037e1e2",
"text": "Thai stick A Thai stick is a form of cannabis from Thailand that was popular during the late 1960s and 1970s . It consisted of premium buds of seedless marijuana which were skewered on stems . Several rows of fiber found in the stalk of the marijuana plant were then used to tie the marijuana to the stem to keep it in place . Thai stick bud may also be tied around bamboo sticks with a piece of string known as a `` rasta hair . '' The Thai sticks exhibited considerably higher potency in comparison with other cannabis available in Western countries at the time . This added potency was rumored to be caused by the Thai sticks being dipped in opium or in hash oil . However , the more widely accepted reason is that Thai cannabis growers had for hundreds of years selected seeds from their strongest plants , which coupled with Thailand 's long growing season , high temperatures , and rich volcanic soil , conspired to produce an exceptionally potent product . A number of reasons have been cited for the decline of the Thai stick ; stricter policing of cannabis cultivation ; dilution of traditional cannabis populations by earlier maturing , less psychoactive cultivars imported from Pakistan and Afghanistan ; the burgeoning indoor growing industry in target markets ; and the reduction of military troop transports ( which was the primary means of export ) between Thailand , particularly Bangkok , and the United States , at the end of the Vietnam War in 1975 . In modern terminology , Thai stick often refers to marijuana tied to a stem as documented above and then dipped into a hashish oil , a potent cannabis derivative which saturates the buds and lends to a stronger smoke . Some California and Washington cannabis clubs sell this product . Originally , this was a frequent practice of the 1970s with the actual Thai stick . There are still some surviving recipes from Cambodia where high quality marijuana and hash oil are used .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3726bf41598ccf894e731328608fe654 | West Hollywood, California is a rival of WeHo. | [
{
"docid": "ce6f262d7482593ba77aabcd9ae2eeb9",
"text": "West Hollywood, California West Hollywood , occasionally referred to locally as WeHo ( -LSB- ˈwiːhoʊ -RSB- ) , is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . Incorporated in 1984 , it is home to the Sunset Strip . As of the 2010 census , its population was 34,399 . It is considered one of the most prominent gay villages in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3a3f2003c1ca99aaa0277609765a464b",
"text": "Los Angeles High School Los Angeles High School is the oldest public high school in the Southern California Region and in the Los Angeles Unified School District . Its colors are royal blue and white and the teams are called the Romans . Los Angeles High School is a public secondary high school , enrolling an estimated 2,000 students in grades 9-12 . After operating on a year-round basis consisting of three tracks for ten years , it was restored to a traditional calendar in 2010 . Los Angeles High School receives accreditation approval from the Western Association of Schools and Colleges ( WASC ) . Concurrent enrollment programs , provided in large by the Los Angeles Unified School District and the Los Angeles Community College District , are offered with West Los Angeles College , Los Angeles Trade Technical College , Los Angeles City College , or Santa Monica College . Los Angeles High School is a large , urban , inner-city school located in the Mid-Wilshire District of Los Angeles . The attendance boundary consists of a contrasting spectrum of economic diversity ranging from affluent Hancock Park and Lafayette Square to the low-income , densely populated immigrant community of Koreatown . Within the school is a College Incentive Magnet Program . Forty-four percent of the student population is identified as LEP , or Limited English Proficient . Currently , 66 % of the students are identified as eligible to receive supplemental instructional services and materials through the Federal Title I Program . The magnet high school has a university preparatory secondary high school program and a `` school within a school . '' First established as a part of student integration services in the 1970s , the Los Angeles High School Math/Science/Technology magnet prepares students with an intensive , rigorous course load in order to better prepare them for university entrance . There are 317 students enrolled in the magnet program , grades 9-12 . Typically , the senior class has approximately 35 % of seniors entering into four-year universities and schools . The magnet senior class typically has 85 % of its senior class entering into four-year colleges and universities .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "727ede2d4889f1ce1faad7fdd093d47d",
"text": "ASIFA-Hollywood ASIFA-Hollywood , an American non-profit organization in Los Angeles , California , United States , is a branch member of the `` Association Internationale du Film d'Animation '' or `` ASIFA '' ( the International Animated Film Association ) . Its purpose is to promote the art of film animation in a variety of ways , including its own archive and an annual awards presentation , the Annie Awards . It is also known as the International Animated Film Society . Many branches of ASIFA exist throughout the world ; in the US there are chapters in San Francisco , New York City , Atlanta , Seattle , Washington , the Detroit area , and others , while internationally , organizations exist in Annecy , France , in Italy , and Japan . ASIFA also sponsors several animation film festivals throughout the world , including the ASIFA-Hollywood Student Animation Festival . ASIFA-Hollywood has the largest membership internationally of all other chapters , largely because the most popular cartoons ever produced were by studios and animation professionals located in the city of Burbank , which is also the location of the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Center . It includes a virtual archive , museum , library and research facility , containing the ASIFA-Hollywood Animation Archive Project .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a5726af2a2b54a15602e34e6c524069",
"text": "Toho is a Japanese film , theater production , and distribution company . It has its headquarters in Yūrakuchō , Chiyoda , Tokyo , and is one of the core companies of the Hankyu Hanshin Toho Group . Outside Japan , it is best known as the producer and distributor of many kaiju and tokusatsu films , the Chouseishin tokusatsu superhero television franchise , the films of Akira Kurosawa , and the anime films of Studio Ghibli . Other famous directors , including Yasujirō Ozu , Kenji Mizoguchi , Masaki Kobayashi , and Mikio Naruse , also directed films for Toho . Toho 's most famous creation is Godzilla , who features in 29 of the company 's films . Godzilla , Rodan , Mothra , King Ghidorah and Mechagodzilla are described as Toho 's Big Five because of the monsters ' numerous appearances in all three eras of the franchise , as well as spin-offs . Toho has also been involved in the production of numerous anime titles . Its subdivisions are Toho-Towa Distribution , Toho Pictures Incorporated , Toho International Company Limited , Toho E. B. Company Limited , and Toho Music Corporation & Toho Costume Company Limited . The company is the largest shareholder ( 7.96 % ) of Fuji Media Holdings Inc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be4c6f9ce33060eddb4b6f5a2b4ba43f",
"text": "Real Husbands of Hollywood Real Husbands of Hollywood ( abbreviated RHOH ) is an American reality television parody on BET which debuted on January 15 , 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "896a913110f936d69c375a6bc26f5c0d",
"text": "West Hollywood (Hollywood, Florida) West Hollywood is a neighborhood in Broward County , Florida , United States . The ZIP code for the community is 33023 . The community is within the city limits of Hollywood . The latest population for the area recorded was 60,806 . West Hollywood reported as an `` unincorporated place '' by the U.S. Census Bureau in 1950 , when the population count totaled 1,196 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c70cd1bab180011ee9d847738166a1f",
"text": "WWHB-CA WWHB-CA is an Azteca affiliate in West Palm Beach , Florida , that is licensed to Stuart . Owned by the Sinclair Broadcast Group , WWHB is sister station to CBS affiliate WPEC , CW affiliate WTVX and Class A MyNetworkTV affiliate WTCN-CA . It broadcasts on UHF channel 48 as a class-A ( a form of low-power broadcasting ) television station . It was Sinclair 's first Spanish language station besides KEYE-DT2 in Austin , Texas , which carries Telemundo , before Sinclair began to acquire more stations in 2012 . WWHB-CA is also carried on WTVX 's second digital subchannel . On May 24 , 2012 , the Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) granted WWHB-CA a construction permit to digitally flash-cut on its current allotment on channel 48 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d23be36c0445097f1de89cce7cd415c6",
"text": "West Valley College West Valley College is a community college in northern California . It is part of the 112-campus California Community College system .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6288fee2bd1021cbd3c2016ba584e22",
"text": "Walt Disney Studios Walt Disney Studios may refer to : Walt Disney Studios ( division ) , the Walt Disney Company 's Studio Entertainment unit , which includes Disney 's motion picture studios , music labels , theatrical production company , and distribution companies . Walt Disney Studios ( Burbank ) , complex in Burbank , California , built in 1939 , which serves as the corporate headquarters for The Walt Disney Company . It is also a functioning film studio and hosts production facilities for Disney 's various entertainment businesses Walt Disney Animation Studios , the company 's main animation division . Animated films are released under the Walt Disney Pictures label Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures , the primary theatrical film distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment , the primary home media distributor of Disney films in the USA and abroad",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5cdcf6dd2b9b695e290d5be8515e9a6",
"text": "Paramount Television Network The Paramount Television Network ( PTN ) was a venture by American film corporation Paramount Pictures to organize a television network in the late 1940s . The company built television stations KTLA in Los Angeles and WBKB in Chicago ; it also invested US$ 400,000 in the DuMont Television Network , which operated stations WABD in New York City , WTTG in Washington , D.C. , and WDTV in Pittsburgh . Escalating disputes between Paramount and DuMont concerning breaches of contract , company control , and network competition erupted regularly between 1940 and 1956 , and culminated in the dismantling of the DuMont Network . Television historian Timothy White called the clash between the two companies `` one of the most unfortunate and dramatic episodes in the early history of the television industry . '' The Paramount Television Network aired several programs , including the Emmy Award-winning children 's series Time for Beany . Filmed in Hollywood , the programs were distributed to an ad-hoc network of stations across the United States . The network signed affiliation agreements with more than 50 television stations in 1950 ; despite this , most of Paramount 's series were not widely viewed outside the West Coast . The Federal Communications Commission ( FCC ) , which filed suit against Paramount for anti-trust violations , prevented the studio from acquiring additional television stations . Paramount executives eventually gave up on the idea of a television network , and continued to produce series for other networks . In 1995 , after four decades of television production for other companies , Paramount re-entered the broadcast network field when the company and Chris-Craft Industries launched the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) , a television network that operated until 2006 . Paramount 's television division is now owned by CBS Television Studios .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48d3a20ea12214611a15f440cb379d0b",
"text": "Western Cup Western Cup is North America 's longest running annual LGBTQ multi sports festival . It takes place in Calgary , Alberta , Canada Easter weekend of each year . It started in 1982 with a volleyball tournament that had teams attend from Calgary and Edmonton . From there it created the organization , Apollo , Friends in Sports Club , which now oversees Western Cup . Apollo , Friends in Sports Club/Western Cup believe in giving back to the community , therefore each sport receives a portion of profits from the event each year , as well $ 1500 is donated each year to local or national organizations that are beneficial to the LGTBQ community . Western Cup has two components to the event including sports and social activities . Currently the sport tournaments that are involved in Western Cup are bowling , curling , dodge ball , hockey and volleyball.The social activities include a Thursday registration event , Friday athletes social and the Western Cup Dance on Saturday . On average there are 500 athletes in attendance and 1500 in attendance of the social events In 2018 Western Cup along with Apollo Curling will be hosting the Canadian Gay Curling Championships . In 2007 Western Cup held the first North American Outgames to celebrate their 25 anniversary , April 1 - 8 , 2007 . The host hotel for guests and social events until 2020 is the Hyatt Regency in downtown Calgary .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a69a9db544dfebd1ceab0575d8154cf",
"text": "Film Booking Offices of America Film Booking Offices of America ( FBO ) , also known as FBO Pictures Corporation , was an American film studio of the silent era , a producer and distributor of mostly low-budget films . The business began in 1918 as Robertson-Cole ( U.S. ) , the American division of a British import -- export company and Robertson-Cole was formed by the English-born Harry F. Robertson and the American Rufus Sidman Cole . Robertson-Cole bought the Hallmark Exchanges ( formerly the Mutual Exchanges that became known as Exhibitors-Mutual Exchanges ) from Frank J. Hall in 1920 . Exhibitors-Mutual/Hallmark had distributed Robertson-Cole product , and acquiring the exchanges gave them the right to distribute their own films plus Hall 's product , with the exception of Charlie Chaplin reissues he had the rights to . Robertson-Cole initiated movie production in the United States in 1920 . That year , it incorporated Robertson-Cole Studios , Inc. and bought 460 acres in Santa Monica , California to establish a studio . The property , which became known as the `` R.C. Ranch '' , enabled Robertson-Cole to centralize movie production , which previously had been scattered . The movie company had relied on equipment rentals to produce motion pictures . Two years later , a corporate reorganization led to the company 's new name , with FBO becoming the official name of the distributing operation and Robertson-Cole Pictures Corp. the name of the production operation . In 1923 , the studio contracted with Western actor Fred Thomson , who would soon emerge as one of Hollywood 's most popular stars . Thomson was just one of numerous screen cowboys with whom FBO became identified . The studio , whose core market was America 's small towns , also put out many romantic melodramas , non-Western action pictures , and comedic shorts . In 1926 , financier Joseph P. Kennedy led a group that acquired the company . In June 1928 , using RCA Photophone technology , FBO became only the second Hollywood studio to release a feature-length `` talkie . '' A few months later , Kennedy and RCA chief David Sarnoff arranged the merger that created RKO , one of the major studios of Hollywood 's Golden Age .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37be500002880c19e997ae4d52403c2d",
"text": "West Coast FC West Coast FC is an American soccer Club founded in 1997 . The Club is a member of the Southern California Developmental Soccer League and includes 50 boys and girls teams in total . The West Coast FC Classic is a nationally ranked `` Premier '' tournament . The Club has one of only 40 girls soccer programs throughout the United States selected to participate in the Elite Clubs National League . Since 2009 , Soccer America named the Club 's Boys program as one of the top programs in the Nation . The team plays its home games in the stadium on the campus of JSerra Catholic High School in the city of San Juan Capistrano , California , 55 miles southeast of downtown Los Angeles . The club 's colors are navy blue and white .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a3e9100c60dbc2935a79ff28d0f3e5a",
"text": "Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California . Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles . During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full . Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's . In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios . In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time . In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is : Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts . Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights . One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits . In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d67d5c230314dce06cc69d673db38161",
"text": "Lakewood, California Lakewood is a city in Los Angeles County , California , United States . The population was 80,048 at the 2010 census . It is bordered by Long Beach on the west and south , Bellflower on the north , Cerritos on the northeast , Cypress on the east , and Hawaiian Gardens on the southeast . Major thoroughfares include Lakewood ( SR 19 ) , Bellflower , and Del Amo Boulevards and Carson and South Streets . The San Gabriel River Freeway ( I-605 ) runs through the city 's eastern regions . Sometimes called `` an instant city '' because of its origins , going from lima bean fields in 1950 to a well-developed city by 1960 , Lakewood is a classic example of a post -- World War II American suburb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dec61e7899817a495da74f12dda9f081",
"text": "World Film Company The World Film Company or World Film Corporation was an American film production and distribution company , organized in 1914 in Fort Lee , New Jersey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a555543bd4385eb8516cdf76fa407514",
"text": "Miramax Miramax ( also known as Miramax Films , stylized as MIRAMAX ) is an American entertainment company known for producing and distributing films and television shows . It is headquartered in Santa Monica , California . Miramax was founded in 1979 by Bob and Harvey Weinstein , and was a leading independent film motion picture distribution and production company before it was acquired by the Walt Disney Company on June 30 , 1993 . Shortly thereafter , Pulp Fiction was released . The Weinsteins operated Miramax with more creative and financial independence than any other division of Disney , until September 30 , 2005 when they decided to leave the company and founded The Weinstein Company . Miramax was sold by Disney to Filmyard Holdings , a joint venture of Colony Capital , Tutor-Saliba Corporation , and Qatar Investment Authority , in 2010 , ending Disney 's 17-year ownership of the studio . In 2016 , ownership was transferred to beIN Media Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83d57d9081d695f75093adc36b752eab",
"text": "The West Hollywood Blondes The West Hollywood Blondes was a professional wrestling tag team consisting of Lenny Lane and Lodi . During their later careers in World Championship Wrestling , they were billed as `` brothers '' . The team formed in 1999 as a parody of the original Hollywood Blonds . Their gimmick saw them entering the ring wearing glitter and licking Blow Pops . In the ring , they also devised a unique stalling vertical suplex , flying crossbody combination . After being removed from television by Turner Broadcasting System Standards and Practices , the team briefly reformed as Standards and Practices , a satirical reference to the S&P of Turner , before disbanding in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7e3f50fbd4399d43270b194a33d3888",
"text": "Hollywood Sign The Hollywood Sign ( formerly the Hollywoodland Sign ) is a landmark and American cultural icon located in Los Angeles , California . It is situated on Mount Lee , in the Hollywood Hills area of the Santa Monica Mountains . The sign overlooks Hollywood , Los Angeles . `` HOLLYWOOD '' is spelled out in 45 ft-tall white capital letters and is 350 feet ( 106.7 m ) long . It was originally created in 1923 as an advertisement for a local real estate development , but it garnered increasing recognition after the sign was left up . The sign was a frequent target of pranks and vandalism , but it has since undergone restoration , including the installation of a security system to deter vandalism . The sign is protected and promoted by The Trust For Public Land , a nonprofit organization , while its site and the surrounding land are part of Griffith Park . From the ground , the contours of the hills give the sign a wavy appearance . When observed at a comparable altitude , the letters appear nearly level . The sign makes frequent appearances in popular culture , particularly in establishing shots for films and television programs set in or around Hollywood . Signs of similar style , but spelling different words , are frequently seen as parodies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a913a508bcb016d99cd6c7e4975a6a1",
"text": "Major film studio A major film studio is a production and film distributor that releases a substantial number of films annually and consistently commands a significant share of box office revenue in a given market . In the North American , Western , and global markets , the major film studios , often simply known as the majors , are commonly regarded as the six diversified media conglomerates whose various film production and distribution subsidiaries collectively command approximately 80 to 85 percent of U.S. and Canadian box office revenue . The term may also be applied more specifically to the primary motion picture business subsidiary of each respective conglomerate . The `` Big Six '' majors , whose operations are based in or around the Los Angeles neighborhood of Hollywood , are all centered in film studios active during Hollywood 's Golden Age of the 1930s and 1940s . In three cases -- 20th Century Fox , Warner Bros. , and Paramount -- the studios were one of the `` Big Five '' majors during that era as well . In two cases -- Columbia and Universal -- the studios were also considered majors , but in the next tier down , part of the `` Little Three '' . In the sixth case , Walt Disney Studios was an independent production company during the Golden Age ; it was an important Hollywood entity , but not a major . Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer , United Artists , and RKO were majors . Today , Disney is the only member of the Big Six whose parent entity is still located near Los Angeles ( actually , on Disney 's studio lot and in the same building ) . The five others report to conglomerates headquartered in New York City , Philadelphia , and Tokyo . Of the Big Six , Paramount is the only one still based in Hollywood , and Paramount and Fox are the only ones still located within the Los Angeles city limits , while Disney and Warner Bros. are located in Burbank , Columbia in Culver City , and Universal in the unincorporated area of Universal City . Most of today 's Big Six control subsidiaries with their own distribution networks that concentrate on arthouse pictures ( e.g. Fox Searchlight Pictures ) or genre films ( e.g. Sony 's Screen Gems ) ; several of these specialty units were shut down or sold off between 2008 and 2010 . The six major studios are contrasted with smaller production and/or distribution companies , which are known as independents or `` indies '' . The leading independent producer/distributors -- Lionsgate Films , The Weinstein Company , and former major studio Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer -- are sometimes referred to as `` mini-majors '' . From 1998 through 2005 , DreamWorks SKG commanded a large enough market share to arguably qualify it as a seventh major , despite its relatively small output . In 2006 , DreamWorks was acquired by Viacom , Paramount 's corporate parent . In late 2008 , DreamWorks once again became an independent production company ; its films were distributed by Disney 's Touchstone Pictures until 2016 , at which point distribution switched to Universal . The Big Six major studios are today primarily backers and distributors of films whose actual production is largely handled by independent companies -- either long-running entities or ones created for and dedicated to the making of a specific film . The specialty divisions often simply acquire distribution rights to pictures in which the studio has had no prior involvement . While the majors still do a modicum of true production , their activities are focused more in the areas of development , financing , marketing , and merchandising . Those business functions are still usually performed in or near Los Angeles , even though the runaway production phenomenon means that most films are now mostly or completely shot on location at places outside Los Angeles . Since the dawn of filmmaking , the U.S. major film studios have dominated both American cinema and the global film industry . U.S. studios have benefited from a strong first-mover advantage in that they were the first to industrialize filmmaking and master the art of mass-producing and distributing high-quality films with broad cross-cultural appeal . Today , the Big Six majors routinely distribute hundreds of films every year into all significant international markets ( that is , where discretionary income is high enough for consumers to afford to watch films ) . It is very rare , if not impossible , for a film to reach a broad international audience on multiple continents and in multiple languages without first being picked up by one of the majors for distribution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e2e352ae0f1687c8c2e8b4c4b1c3936",
"text": "¡Viva Hollywood! ¡ Viva Hollywood ! is a VH1 reality television program . Twelve Latino actors and Latina actresses compete for the role of `` America 's Numero Uno Telenovela Star '' . The winner will also receive a contract with Telemundo , the biggest telenovela production company in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
4109d3d4755f10990f9f245e6f29cb8c | Seth MacFarlane directed Ted. | [
{
"docid": "2a8dfb615c12d386ced8497ea145a89e",
"text": "Seth MacFarlane Seth Woodbury MacFarlane ( -LSB- ˈsɛθ_ˈwʊdbɛri_məkˈfɑrlɪn -RSB- born October 26 , 1973 ) is an American actor , filmmaker , and singer , working primarily in animation and comedy , as well as live-action and other genres . MacFarlane is the creator of the TV series Family Guy ( 1999 -- 2003 , 2005 -- present ) , co-creator of the TV series American Dad ! ( 2005 -- present ) and The Cleveland Show ( 2009 -- 13 ) . He also wrote , directed , and starred in the films Ted ( 2012 ) , its sequel Ted 2 ( 2015 ) , and A Million Ways to Die in the West ( 2014 ) . MacFarlane is a graduate of the Rhode Island School of Design , where he studied animation . Recruited to Hollywood , he was an animator and writer for Hanna-Barbera for several television series , including Johnny Bravo , Cow and Chicken , Dexter 's Laboratory , I Am Weasel , and Larry & Steve . As an actor , he has made guest appearances on series , such as Gilmore Girls , The War at Home and FlashForward . In 2008 , he created his own YouTube series titled Seth MacFarlane 's Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy . He won several awards for his work on Family Guy , including two Primetime Emmy Awards and an Annie Award . In 2009 , he won the Webby Award for Film & Video Person of the Year . He occasionally speaks at universities and colleges throughout the United States , and he is a supporter of gay rights . MacFarlane 's first feature-length comedy film , Ted , features his voice acting and performance-capture as the titular anthropomorphic teddy bear and became the highest-grossing original R-rated comedy . As a singer MacFarlane has performed at several venues , including Carnegie Hall and the Royal Albert Hall . MacFarlane has released three studio albums , in the same vein of his musical idol Frank Sinatra , beginning with Music Is Better Than Words in 2011 . He wrote the lyrics for the Academy Award-nominated song `` Everybody Needs a Best Friend '' for Ted . MacFarlane served as executive producer of Cosmos : A Spacetime Odyssey , an update of the 1980s Carl Sagan -- hosted Cosmos series , hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson . MacFarlane was instrumental in providing funding for the series , as well as securing studio support for it from other entertainment executives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d814624159f267eecf7625a5015c0c3",
"text": "Ted (film) Ted is a 2012 American buddy comedy film directed by Seth MacFarlane in his feature film directorial debut . The screenplay by MacFarlane , Alec Sulkin , and Wellesley Wild is from MacFarlane 's story . The film stars MacFarlane , Mark Wahlberg , Mila Kunis , and with Joel McHale and Giovanni Ribisi in supporting roles , with MacFarlane providing the voice of the title character . The film tells the story of John Bennett , a Boston native whose childhood wish brings his teddy bear friend Ted to life . However in adulthood , Ted prevents John and his love interest Lori Collins from moving on with their lives . The film is MacFarlane 's feature-length directorial debut , produced by Media Rights Capital and distributed by Universal Pictures . It was the twelfth-highest-grossing film of 2012 and received an Academy Award nomination for Best Original Song . A sequel , Ted 2 , was released on June 26 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f6f953ea444b0a6b425432d0a4d88e8a",
"text": "This Changes Everything This Changes Everything : Capitalism vs. the Climate is Naomi Klein 's fourth book ; it was published in 2014 by Simon & Schuster . In it , Klein argues that the climate crisis can not be addressed in the current era of neoliberal market fundamentalism , which encourages profligate consumption and has resulted in mega-mergers and trade agreements hostile to the health of the environment . The book debuted on the New York Times bestseller list at number five on 5 October 2014 . A documentary based on the book , titled This Changes Everything , was directed by Avi Lewis and produced by Alfonso Cuaron , Danny Glover and Seth MacFarlane .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "440af6a9985c48371375783e75073a95",
"text": "Meg Stinks! `` Meg Stinks ! '' is the nineteenth episode of the twelfth season of the animated comedy series Family Guy and the 229th episode overall . It aired on Fox in the United States on May 4 , 2014 , and is written by Danny Smith and directed by Bob Bowen . In the episode , Meg goes for a college interview and becomes the life of a party while Brian encounters a skunk and after getting sprayed , must learn to survive in the wild .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f7931a8e11a4b7745e38f4ddb842a03",
"text": "Ted Sutton Ted Sutton is an American actor and voice over artist . He is best known for playing Sergeant Cunningham in M. Night Shyamalan 's 2002 film Signs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bf811c36aec0c51370349d6bcffd87bc",
"text": "Angry Dad: The Movie `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' is the fourteenth episode of The Simpsons ' twenty-second season . It originally aired on the Fox network in the United States on February 20 , 2011 . The plot of the episode involves Bart winning many awards for his new short film based on his web cartoon series Angry Dad , which was first introduced in `` I Am Furious ( Yellow ) '' , while Homer takes credit for the film during acceptance speeches . `` Angry Dad : The Movie '' was written by John Frink and directed by Matthew Nastuk , with Ricky Gervais , Halle Berry , Russell Brand , Maurice LaMarche , Nick Park and J. B. Smoove guest starring . Cultural references in the episode include Pixar , Toy Story , Wallace and Gromit , Kung Fu Panda , Ms. Pac-Man , SpongeBob SquarePants and the 68th Golden Globe Award ceremony . The episode was viewed in an estimated 6.35 million households , with a 2.8 Nielsen rating , marking a slight rise in audience from the previous episode , while the episode was the twenty-fifth most viewed show for the week of broadcast among adults aged 18 -- 49 . Critical reception of the episode was generally positive , with critics praising the episode 's use of visual gags and cultural references .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b21096d80f5273fd1f18a57e5dd89a7e",
"text": "Funny or Die Funny or Die is a comedy video website and film/TV production company founded by Will Ferrell , Adam McKay and Chris Henchy . The website Funny Or Die contains exclusive material from a regular staff of in-house writers , producers , and directors , and occasionally from a number of famous contributors like Judd Apatow , James Franco , and Norm Macdonald . The production company makes TV shows like truTV 's Billy on the Street , Comedy Central 's @midnight , and Zach Galifianakis 's popular Emmy-winning web series Between Two Ferns . Many videos on the site feature well-known actors ( examples include Steve Carell , Charlie Sheen , Ryan Gosling , Patrick Stewart , Daniel Radcliffe , Sophia Bush , Mila Kunis , AnnaSophia Robb , Hilary Duff , Adam West , James Van Der Beek , Jim Carrey , Ariel Winter , and Selena Gomez ) . Michael Kvamme , an aspiring young comedian , came up with a concept for a new kind of comedy site ; and the site was developed by Randy Adams . Funny Or Die launched on April 12 , 2007 with the site 's first video , `` The Landlord '' . `` The Landlord '' has received over 84 million views and features Ferrell confronted by a swearing , beer-drinking two-year-old landlord . In June 2007 , they received venture capital funding from Sequoia Capital , and in June 2008 , they announced a partnership with HBO . On August 3 , 2016 , Funny or Die shut-down one of its California offices , reducing its headcount by 30 % to 95 employees , with the announcement coming just two month after the new CEO , Mike Farah , took office",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bdcaffc75fc52e204a77924dc5f2018",
"text": "Steven Rosenbaum (producer) Steven J. Rosenbaum ( born 1961 ) is an American entrepreneur , curator , filmmaker , National Emmy Nominee , New York Emmy Award-winning producer ( NY Emmy ) , director , author and public speaker . Steve Rosenbaum is currently a Resident at TED in New York City and holds two patents in the areas of video curation and advertising technology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255",
"text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9665c9d40711fb80e08070b27d93066e",
"text": "Freaks and Geeks Freaks and Geeks is an American teen comedy-drama television series , created by Paul Feig , with Judd Apatow as executive producer , that aired on NBC during the 1999 -- 2000 television season . Eighteen episodes were completed , but the series was canceled after only 12 had aired . A fan-led campaign persuaded NBC to broadcast three more episodes in July 2000 ; the three remaining unaired episodes , for a total of 18 , aired that September on the cable network Fox Family Channel . The series appeared on Time magazine 's 2007 `` 100 Greatest Shows of All Time '' list , and placed third on the magazine 's list of greatest television shows of the 2000s ( decade ) . In 2007 , Freaks and Geeks ranked # 21 on TV Guides Top Cult Shows Ever . In 2008 , Entertainment Weekly ranked it the 13th-best series of the past 25 years . The same year , AOL TV named it the Best School Show of All Time . In 2013 TV Guide included it in its list of The 60 Greatest Dramas of All Time , and ranked it # 1 on their list of 60 shows that were `` Cancelled Too Soon '' . It launched several of its young actors into successful television and film careers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3764e7234bddbc73d71d09c91b8f51e",
"text": "List of The Simpsons video games The Simpsons is an American animated television sitcom created by Matt Groening for the Fox Broadcasting Company . The series is a satirical parody of a middle class American lifestyle epitomized by its eponymous family , which consists of Homer , Marge , Bart , Lisa and Maggie . It is set in the fictional town of Springfield , and lampoons American culture , society and television , and many aspects of the human condition . The family was conceived by Groening shortly before a pitch for a series of animated shorts with producer James L. Brooks . Groening created a dysfunctional family and named the characters after members of his own family , substituting Bart for his own name . The shorts became a part of The Tracey Ullman Show on April 19 , 1987 and after a three-season run , the sketch was developed into a half-hour prime time show and became a hit series for Fox . The growing popularity of the series motivated video game developers to create video games based on the series . Two pinball machines have also been produced ; one self-titled , that was only made available for a limited time after the first season finale ( 1990 ) and The Simpsons Pinball Party ( 2003 ) . Additionally , several handheld device games have been released , such as Bartman : Avenger of Evil ( 1990 ) and Bart Simpson 's Cupcake Crisis ( 1991 ) . Video games based on the series have reached multiple platforms since their debut in 1991 . The Simpsons '' ' first video game release , The Simpsons , developed and published by Konami , saw a release on the Commodore 64 and DOS , while Bart vs. the Space Mutants ( 1991 ) , developed by Imagineering , expanded the franchise into new platforms , including the Amstrad CPC , NES and Master System . Over the next few years , the franchise would continue to expand , releasing system-exclusive games , such as the PC 's Cartoon Studio ( 1996 ) and the PlayStation 's The Simpsons Wrestling ( 2001 ) . The release of The Simpsons Game ( 2007 ) , developed by EA Redwood Shores ( Visceral Games ) , further expanded the franchise , appearing on new platforms including the Wii , Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 . Due to the series ' longevity , The Simpsons video games have also spanned across many genres , such as the puzzle game Krusty 's Fun House ( 1992 ) , the sports game Itchy & Scratchy in Miniature Golf Madness ( 1994 ) and racing game Road Rage ( 2001 ) . The Simpsons is also one of the franchises spotlighted in the toys-to-life video game Lego Dimensions '' ( 2015 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e598dc953919e89278d82b46a9fd8781",
"text": "Ike's Wee Wee `` Ike 's Wee Wee '' is the third episode in the second season of the American animated television series South Park . The 17th episode of the series overall , it first aired on Comedy Central in the United States on May 20 , 1998 . In the episode , school counselor Mr. Mackey is fired , and turns to drugs . Meanwhile , the boys misconstrue what circumcision entails , and try to save Kyle 's younger brother Ike from his upcoming bris . The episode was written and directed by series co-creator Trey Parker . `` Ike 's Wee Wee '' satirizes certain attitudes towards drug users , and explores whether family can only mean those who are related by blood . This episode introduced Ike 's backstory as an adopted Canadian child . `` Ike 's Wee Wee '' received positive responses from critics , who especially praised the episode for its touching moments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d5a51d0ba4dcf1fcacbd1ee580d369f",
"text": "Pig (1998 film) Pig is a 1998 experimental , psychological horror , short silent film directed by underground film maker Nico B. and co-directed by deathrock pioneer Rozz Williams . The film stars Rozz Williams and James Hollan and was produced by Nico B . It was distributed by the CAV Distributing company in South San Francisco and produced by the studios Open Eye Productions and Cult Epics . ( The latter of which Nico B. is the founder and owner . ) The film was the last work of Rozz Williams before his suicide in 1998 , and incorporates a highly surreal , absurdist technique blended with intense graphic horror and religious allusions and metaphors . The film was never publicly screened , although it was first released on VHS in 1998 and then re-released on DVD on April 2 of 2002 . On both the VHS and DVD versions of the production it was unrated due to uncensored sexuality and nudity as well as depictions of torture and fetishistic sadism . The film was re-issued in January 2013 with a newly produced surround soundtrack on a BLU RAY/DVD combo with Williams ' posthumous sequel film 1334 , also directed by Nico B. , and released through Cult Epics . The DVD edition contains a large assortment of featured content not previously seen on the VHS version , especially in commemoration of Williams ' death . This includes a commentary and Rozz Williams memorial video by Nico B. , `` behind-the-scenes '' footage , outtakes and optional commentary , a Rozz Williams photo gallery , a previously unreleased music track by Rozz Williams , actor biographies , chapter selections , excerpts from the last interview with Rozz conducted by John E. Ellenberger , a copy of the original `` super-8 '' test footage of Pig with commentary by former Christian Death drummer and friend of Rozz , Ignacio Segovia , and finally a 40-page booklet and adaptation of the fictional book featured in the film , Why God Permits Evil . The booklet was Williams ' only published written work . The soundtrack accompanying the film -- Pig : Original Soundtrack -- was composed entirely by Rozz , and included some of his last musical output .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15212773bbc071324ccf7a030977fd8e",
"text": "Bill & Ted's Excellent Cereal Bill & Ted 's Excellent Cereal was a cereal based on the Bill & Ted movies and cartoon of the late 1980s and early 1990s . It was promoted with the branding slogan `` A Most Awesome Breakfast Adventure '' . The magazine Mental Floss ranked it first in their list of the 10 best marketing-inspired breakfast cereals . The cereal was made by Ralston Purina , which at the time sold food products for both humans and animals . The cereal was cinnamon-flavored and had mini music-themed marshmallows , although they resembled pieces of Kibbles 'n Bits . While the cereal was sold , which was for only a short period , it offered many giveaways and promotions . One of the more prominent ones was `` Hysterical Postcards , '' which were mini-postcards involving Bill & Ted and their trips through time . Another notable promotion was a free audio-cassette holder , shaped in the image of the Phone Booth , and with a sticker depicting the cartoon versions of Bill and Ted on the front . The cereal was featured in a comedy bit on The Arsenio Hall Show . When Alex Winter appeared on the show , Arsenio Hall asked Winter about the cereal . Hall then presented Winter with a box of the cereal , and challenged an audience member to eat a bowl , which he did .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55911d699a372c3a068f18c49f1f527c",
"text": "The Simpsons (season 25) The Simpsons '' ' twenty-fifth season began airing on Fox on September 29 , 2013 and ended on May 18 , 2014 . In this season , Homer sells his Mapple stock to buy a bowling ball ; Marge blames herself and Kiss for Bart 's rebellious streak ( `` Four Regrettings and a Funeral '' ) ; Lisa becomes a cheerleader for Springfield 's football team ; and Homer delivers a baby ( `` Labor Pains '' ) . Guest stars for this season include Judd Apatow , Will Arnett , Anderson Cooper , Harlan Ellison , Zach Galifianakis , Stan Lee , Eva Longoria , Rachel Maddow , Elisabeth Moss , Joe Namath , Daniel Radcliffe , Aaron Sorkin , and Kristen Wiig . This is Al Jean 's 13th consecutive season as showrunner and 15th overall . Matt Groening , James L. Brooks , Matt Selman , and John Frink serve as executive producers . Executive producer Al Jean stated that Edna Krabappel will be retired from the show following the death of Marcia Wallace on October 25 , 2013 . February 2014 held back Simpsons episodes , due to the transmission of the Super Bowl XLVIII in East Rutherford , New Jersey , United States ; the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi , Russia ; the 2014 Daytona 500 in Daytona Beach , Florida , US ; and the 86th Academy Awards in Hollywood , Los Angeles , California . This season The Simpsons '' won three Primetime Emmy Awards out of four nominations , including an Primetime Emmy Award for Character Voice-Over Performance to Harry Shearer , who was the last member of the main cast to earn the award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7ffcd694dce5413d91ad97eb25ba981",
"text": "Josh Weinstein Josh Weinstein ( born May 5 , 1966 ) is an American television writer and producer , known for his work on the animated comedy series The Simpsons . Weinstein and Bill Oakley became best friends and writing partners at St. Albans High School ; Weinstein then attended Stanford University and was editor-in-chief of the Stanford Chaparral . He worked on several short-term media projects , including writing for the variety show Sunday Best , but was then unemployed for a long period . Weinstein and Oakley eventually penned a spec script for Seinfeld , after which they wrote `` Marge Gets a Job '' , an episode of The Simpsons . Subsequently , the two were hired to write for the show on a permanent basis in 1992 . After they wrote episodes such as `` $ pringfield ( Or , How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love Legalized Gambling ) '' , `` Bart vs. Australia '' and `` Who Shot Mr. Burns ? '' , the two were appointed executive producers and showrunners for the seventh and eighth seasons of the show . They attempted to include several emotional episodes focusing on the Simpson family , as well as several high-concept episodes such as `` Homer 's Enemy '' , `` Two Bad Neighbors '' and `` The Principal and the Pauper '' , winning three Primetime Emmy Awards for their work . After they left The Simpsons , Oakley and Weinstein created Mission Hill . The show was plagued by promotional issues and was swiftly canceled . They worked as consulting producers on Futurama , then created The Mullets in 2003 . The two wrote several unsuccessful TV pilots , and were due to serve as showrunners on Sit Down , Shut Up in 2009 . Oakley left the project over a contract dispute , but Weinstein remained until it was canceled . He co-produced and wrote for Futurama again during its Comedy Central revival , winning an Emmy in 2011 . Since 2013 , Weinstein has served as showrunner for the CBBC series Strange Hill High . He has also served as a writer for Season Two of Gravity Falls , co-writing nine of the season 's episodes . Weinstein is married to journalist Lisa Simmons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "32a207776d3037ca7ba9c8a9435f20b7",
"text": "Whiffs Whiffs is a 1975 comedy film directed by Ted Post , produced by Brut Productions and released theatrically in the U.S. by 20th Century Fox . It stars Elliott Gould as a gullible military private who volunteers to be the subject of numerous military biological and chemical weaponry experiments , and later robs banks as a result .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2715cb82bab0f0bfd6f790aeb44c1f91",
"text": "Tom McTigue Thomas `` Tom '' McTigue ( born 1959 ) is an American actor and comedian . He is best known for playing Harvey Miller on the 1990s television series Baywatch . He made guest appearances on numerous television programs : Beverly Hills , 90210 in 1991 as Jack and on Roseanne in 1994 as a doctor . He has also appeared in several films and hundreds of commercials . He has a minor part as a teacher in the 2014 film Boyhood .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9c02f7ee071905aaf39f947ca1ab264",
"text": "The Man Who Grew Too Much `` The Man Who Grew Too Much '' is the thirteenth episode of the 25th season of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons , and the 543rd episode of the series . It premiered on the Fox network in the United States on March 9 , 2014 . It was written by Jeff Westbrook and directed by Matthew Schofield . In the episode , Lisa discovers that Sideshow Bob has become the chief scientist of a massive chemical engineering company , but the two of them bond over their appreciation for high culture . Meanwhile , Marge ends up a church volunteer to help teenagers become abstinent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6201194da41582b960369d5ebf9fea7b",
"text": "Rosebud (The Simpsons) `` Rosebud '' is the fourth episode of The Simpsons ' fifth season . It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on October 21 , 1993 . The episode begins by showing how on the eve of his birthday , Mr. Burns starts to miss his childhood teddy bear Bobo . The bear ends up in the hands of Maggie Simpson and Burns does everything in his power to get Bobo returned to him . `` Rosebud '' was written by John Swartzwelder and was the first episode to be executive produced by David Mirkin , who was the show runner for the fifth and sixth seasons of the show . Directed by Wes Archer , supervising director David Silverman describes the episode as `` one of the more challenging ones '' to direct . The Ramones ( Joey Ramone , Johnny Ramone , C. J. Ramone and Marky Ramone ) guest star in the episode as themselves . The episode is largely a parody of the 1941 film Citizen Kane and the title references Charles Foster Kane 's dying word `` Rosebud '' . The episode also contains references to The Wizard of Oz , Planet of the Apes , George Burns , Charles Lindbergh , The Rolling Stones and Adolf Hitler . Critical reaction to `` Rosebud '' was largely positive and in 2003 Entertainment Weekly placed the episode in second place on their list of the 25 best episodes of The Simpsons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fefdfbe184d8640dd5fa6b60d73c2f7",
"text": "This Is the End This Is the End is a 2013 American disaster comedy film directed by Seth Rogen and Evan Goldberg and stars Rogen , James Franco , Jonah Hill , Jay Baruchel , Danny McBride , Craig Robinson , Michael Cera and Emma Watson . The story features real life actors playing fictionalized versions of themselves in the aftermath of a global biblical apocalypse . The film premiered at the Fox Village Theater on June 3 , 2013 and was released in the United States on June 14 , 2013 by Columbia Pictures , before being re-released on September 6 , 2013 . The film grossed $ 126 million on a $ 32 million budget . The film makes references to the past movies of the cast , including Spider-Man , Million Dollar Baby , Forrest Gump , Superbad , Pineapple Express , Moneyball , Your Highness , The Green Hornet , 127 Hours and the Harry Potter film series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a330f7fc7f53eaa8fca2fd585f412127",
"text": "Ted LeFevre Ted LeFevre ( born July 8 , 1964 ) is an American theatrical set designer .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6ba4214a7faa9f8cd821ee56044e675f | Mexico is the eleventh most populous country. | [
{
"docid": "b2493706a57ae76b38429431816ce4a0",
"text": "Mexico Mexico ( México , -LSB- ˈme.xi.ko -RSB- , modern Nahuatl ) , officially the United Mexican States ( -LSB- Estados Unidos Mexicanos , links = no -RSB- , ) , is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America . It is bordered to the north by the United States ; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean ; to the southeast by Guatemala , Belize , and the Caribbean Sea ; and to the east by the Gulf of Mexico . Covering almost two million square kilometers ( over 760,000 sq mi ) , Mexico is the sixth largest country in the Americas by total area and the 13th largest independent nation in the world . With an estimated population of over 120 million , it is the eleventh most populous country and the most populous Spanish-speaking country in the world while being the second most populous country in Latin America . Mexico is a federation comprising 31 states and a federal district that is also its capital and most populous city . Other metropolises include Guadalajara , Monterrey , Puebla , Toluca , Tijuana and León . Pre-Columbian Mexico was home to many advanced Mesoamerican civilizations , such as the Olmec , Toltec , Teotihuacan , Zapotec , Maya and Aztec before first contact with Europeans . In 1521 , the Spanish Empire conquered and colonized the territory from its base in Mexico-Tenochtitlan , which was administered as the viceroyalty of New Spain . Three centuries later , this territory became Mexico following recognition in 1821 after the colony 's Mexican War of Independence . The tumultuous post-independence period was characterized by economic instability and many political changes . The Mexican -- American War ( 1846 -- 48 ) led to the territorial cession of the extensive northern territories to the United States . The Pastry War , the Franco-Mexican War , a civil war , two empires and a domestic dictatorship occurred through the 19th century . The dictatorship was overthrown in the Mexican Revolution of 1910 , which culminated with the promulgation of the 1917 Constitution and the emergence of the country 's current political system . Mexico has the fifteenth largest nominal GDP and the eleventh largest by purchasing power parity . The Mexican economy is strongly linked to those of its North American Free Trade Agreement ( NAFTA ) partners , especially the United States . Mexico was the first Latin American member of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development ( OECD ) , joining in 1994 . It is classified as an upper-middle income country by the World Bank and a newly industrialized country by several analysts . By 2050 , Mexico could become the world 's fifth or seventh largest economy . The country is considered both a regional power and middle power , and is often identified as an emerging global power . Due to its rich culture and history , Mexico ranks first in the Americas and seventh in the world by number of UNESCO World Heritage Sites . Mexico is a megadiverse country , ranking fourth in the world by biodiversity . In 2016 it was the eighth most visited country in the world , with 35 million international arrivals . Mexico is a member of the United Nations , the World Trade Organization , the G8 +5 , the G20 , the Uniting for Consensus and the Pacific Alliance .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ac76177b7351d0e5bd26879e44003667",
"text": "List of Mexican autopistas This is a list of autopistas , or tolled highways , in Mexico . Tolled roads are often built as bypasses , to cross major bridges , and to provide direct intercity connections . Many federal highway numbers cover more than one autopista ; other federal highways do not have limited access sections . Normally , Mexican federal highways that are on toll ( cuota ) roads have the letter suffix `` D '' for Directo , e.g. Highway 45 is free ( libre ) and Highway 45D is toll . Most autopistas have a toll over all or part of their length . A few autopistas in very mountainous areas are two-lane . The Mexican limited access highway network is the largest in the Americas outside the USA . The construction is generally financed by toll revenue ( thus user fees ) rather than fuel taxes , thus the toll rates are usually rather high , about MXN $ 1 - , roughly 15 - for private cars and motorcycles . Toll plazas along the mainline charge tolls anywhere from MXN $ 20 to $ 300 , or USD $ 1 to $ 15 . Plazas , crossing the border , accept either pesos or U.S. dollars , but after leaving border city limits one must pay in pesos .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1aa0525c0bad349fd707caa86a01b0d",
"text": "Anti-Mexican sentiment Anti-Mexican sentiment is a negative attitude to people of Mexican descent , Mexican culture and/or accents of Mexican Spanish most commonly found in the United States . In general it is closely associated with Mexican and United States Independence wars , and the struggle over Southwestern territories that once belonged to Spain through the establishment of building Catholic Missions . This eventually would lead to war between the two nations and the defeat of Mexico which came with a great loss of territory . In the 20th century , anti-Mexican sentiment continued to grow after the Zimmermann Telegram incident between the Mexican government during the Mexican Revolution and the German Empire during World War I , . Most of all , anti-Mexican sentiment in the USA stemmed from perception that blame Mexicans for illegal immigration .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8daf007af7d002225fcc283567852763",
"text": "La Década Perdida `` La Década Perdida '' ( `` The Lost Decade '' ) is a designation to the financial period of crisis in Latin America during the 1980s ( and for some well into the subsequent decade ) . Sometimes the term is used in exclusive reference to Mexico . After the petroleum boom previous to the government of Mexican president José López Portillo ( from 1976 to 1982 ) , the Mexican government began to rely heavily on export barrels to support the financial needs in the country . These exports were mainly directed towards the United States , mainly due to the petroleum crisis of 1973 , taking advantage of the high prices these barrels garnered . When the market finally settled , thus reducing the high prices per barrel , the financial stability of the country was endangered . Diversification of income would have prevented the problem , but due to the inability of other production sectors to make up for the reduced profit , Mexico had to inflate the currency to by then historic levels . The Mexican peso would then be devaluated by almost 500 % . Given these circumstances , López Portillo nationalized all financial institutions in 1982 , during his last public address to the nation by saying : `` Defenderé el peso como un perro '' ( `` I 'll defend the peso like a dog '' ) . During the next period , president Miguel de la Madrid tried to bring back foreign investment and new trade agreements , culminating with Mexico 's admission to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ) on January 1986 and also his proposed `` Economic Solidarity Pact '' in 1987 , which finally put inflation under control , which averaged 100 % until that time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2dd9cbae1b3b9d2f98b0ffe3d52ca91a",
"text": "Ambassador of Mexico to the United States The Ambassador of Mexico to the United States is the highest ranking diplomatic representative of the United Mexican States to the United States of America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfe683f219917db9cb5259cdf9686558",
"text": "Calles Law The Calles Law , or Law for Reforming the Penal Code ( ley de tolerancia de cultos , `` law of tolerance of sects '' ) , was a statute enacted in Mexico in 1926 , under the presidency of Plutarco Elías Calles , to enforce the restrictions against the Catholic Church in Article 130 of the Mexican Constitution of 1917 . Article 130 declared that the church and state are to remain separate . To that end , it required all `` churches and religious groupings '' to register with the state and placed restrictions on priests and ministers of all religions . Priests and ministers could not hold public office , canvass on behalf of political parties or candidates , or inherit property from persons other than close blood relatives . Calles applied the anti-religious and the anti-clerical laws stringently throughout the country and added his own anti-religious and anti-clerical legislation . President Calles applied existing laws regarding the separation of church and state throughout Mexico and added his own legislation . In June 1926 , he signed the `` Law for Reforming the Penal Code '' , which became known unofficially as the `` Calles Law . '' This law provided specific penalties for priests and individuals who violated Article 130 of the 1917 Constitution . For example , wearing clerical garb in public was punishable by a fine of 500 pesos ( approximately 250 U.S. dollars at the time , or worth $ 4250 in 2010 . A priest who criticized the government could be imprisoned for five years . Some states enacted further measures in the name of church and state separation . Chihuahua , for example , enacted a law permitting only a single priest to serve the entire Catholic congregation of the state . To help enforce the law , Calles seized Church property , expelled all foreign priests , and closed monasteries , convents , and religious schools . One result of the Calles Law was the Cristero War , a popular uprising of Catholic peasants in regions of central Mexico against the federal Mexican government . Between 1926 and 1934 , at least 40 priests were killed during the war . Whereas Mexico had some 4,500 Catholic priests prior to the Cristero War , by 1934 only 334 Catholic priests were licensed by the government to serve Mexico 's 15 million people . By 1935 , 17 states were left with no priest at all . Under President Lázaro Cárdenas , the Calles Law was repealed in 1938 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "795ab7755a34f8f3c7624846f61b089e",
"text": "Mexico–Sweden relations Mexico -- Sweden relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Mexico and Sweden . Both nations are members of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the United Nations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2318db9d679418ae5e2e1fac15939b02",
"text": "Mexican nobility The Mexican nobility includes elite indigenous families from the pre-columbian era ; indigenous elites recognized as nobles in the colonial era ( 1521 -- 1821 ) ; and hereditary nobles and economic elites who acquired noble titles in the colonial era ; and the First Mexican Empire ( 1821 -- 23 ) , immediately after independence from Spain , and the Second Mexican Empire 1862 -- 67 . While some titles were granted in Mexico itself , other families brought with them their old titles from Europe . The Political Constitution of Mexico has prohibited the state from granting any titles of nobility since 1917 . The United Mexican States do not issue or recognize titles of nobility or hereditary prerogatives and honors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0eb31e0f923e04c04842111b40a2b5dc",
"text": "Adolfo Aguilar Zínser Adolfo Aguilar Zínser was a Mexican scholar , diplomat and politician who served as a National Security Advisor to President Vicente Fox and as a UN Security Council Ambassador in the midst of the US invasion of Iraq . Born in Mexico City into an upper-class family , Adolfo Aguilar was the son of Adolfo Aguilar y Quevedo a criminal lawyer and Carmen Zínser , a philanthropist . He was also the grandson of Miguel Ángel de Quevedo El apóstol del árbol ( `` Apostle of trees '' ) , considered the first environmentalist in Mexico and Ángela Quevedo de Aguilar a philanthropist . Aguilar studied law at the National Autonomous University of Mexico , international relations at El Colegio de México ( 1972 -- 75 ) and completed a master 's degree in international and public affairs at Harvard University 's Kennedy School of Government ( 1977 -- 78 ) . During the early seventies he briefly subscribed to Marxist ideology , and he headed Luis Echeverría 's Center for Economic and Social Studies of the Third World during the mid-1970s . He was elected to the Chamber of Deputies , representing the Party of the Democratic Revolution ( PRD ) in 1994 and served until 1997 . From 1997 to 2000 he served in the Senate , representing the Green Ecological Party of Mexico ( PVEM ) . Following Vicente Fox 's election to the Presidency ( representing a coalition of the National Action Party and the PVEM ) on July 2 , 2000 , Aguilar served as the transition team 's advisor on international affairs . After taking office , Fox appointed Aguilar his national security advisor . In January 2002 , Fox appointed Aguilar Mexico 's permanent representative to the United Nations . His term coincided with Mexico 's election to the Security Council and , in accordance with the Security Council 's rules of procedure , he served as its president for two one-month terms . Following a speech to students at Mexico City 's Ibero-American University on November 11 , 2003 , in which Aguilar claimed that the political and intellectual class of the United States sees Mexico as `` a country whose position is that of a back yard '' ( patio trasero ) and that Washington was interested in only `` a relationship of convenience and subordination '' and `` a weekend fling '' ( un noviazgo de fin de semana ) , President Fox requested his resignation on 18 November . Two days later , Aguilar announced his resignation in writing accusing Fox of treason and submission to US interests . Aguilar saw nothing controversial in his speech , considering it `` obvious and historical '' ; it was , however , spun in the media to imply that Aguilar himself believed that Mexico was the US 's backyard and was thus unworthy to represent the country at the UN . The speech served as a pretext to fire him and placate the US , although Mexico never gave the US what it wanted : support for the 2003 invasion of Iraq . After leaving the UN , Aguilar received an honorary degree from Ricardo Palma University ( Peru ) and hosted a weekly current-affairs show on television . He died in a car accident near his summer chalet in Tepoztlán , Morelos , on June 5 , 2005 , at the age of 55 . In the run-up to the fifth anniversary of the Iraq War he was the subject of an episode of the BBC series 10 Days to War , in which he was played by Tom Conti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81234930f4a223a2a87b978b2b401927",
"text": "Irrigation in Mexico Mexico , a classified arid and semi-arid country , has a total land area of 2 million square kilometres , 23 % of which is equipped for irrigated agriculture . The agricultural sector plays an important role in the economic development of the country accounting for 8.4 of agricultural gross domestic product ( GDP ) and employing 23 % of the economically active population . Irrigated agriculture contributes about 50 % of the total value of agricultural production and accounts for about 70 % of agriculture exports . Mexico 's government initiated a number of structural reforms in the water sector aimed to introduce modern water management and irrigation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aad7edc6c6e285e52037f6c056b84033",
"text": "List of companies of Guatemala Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west , the Pacific Ocean to the southwest , Belize to the northeast , the Caribbean to the east , Honduras to the east and El Salvador to the southeast . With an estimated population of around 15.8 million , it is the most populated state in Central America . A representative democracy , Guatemala 's capital and largest city is Nueva Guatemala de la Asunción , also known as Guatemala City . Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) in purchasing power parity ( PPP ) in 2010 was estimated at $ 70.15 billion USD . The service sector is the largest component of GDP at 63 % , followed by the industry sector at 23.8 % and the agriculture sector at 13.2 % ( 2010 est. ) . Mines produce gold , silver , zinc , cobalt and nickel . The agricultural sector accounts for about two-fifths of exports , and half of the labor force . Organic coffee , sugar , textiles , fresh vegetables , and bananas are the country 's main exports . Inflation was 3.9 % in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0770ca4465458ce0f73174889540c6c4",
"text": "Governor of the State of Mexico The Governor of the State of Mexico ( Spanish : Gobernador Constitucional del Estado de México ) wields executive power in the State of Mexico ( a.k.a. Edomex ) . The Governor of the State of Mexico is directly elected by the citizens , using secret ballot , to a six-year term with no possibility of reelection .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a2780ca79473ad7cfcf2e870ef33639",
"text": "List of number-one hits of 1983 (Mexico) This is a list of the songs that reached number one in Mexico in 1983 , according to the Notitas Musicales magazine with data provided by Radio Mil ( which also provided charts for Billboard 's `` Hits of the World '' between 1969 and 1981 ) . Notitas Musicales was a bi-weekly magazine that published two record charts : `` Canciones que México canta '' ( `` Songs that Mexico sings '' ) , which listed the Top 10 most popular Spanish-language songs in Mexico , and `` Hit Parade '' , which was a Top 10 of the most popular songs in Mexico that were in languages other than Spanish .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "180805ca9fecaa248c051523c1f15891",
"text": "List of Mexican saints This is a list of Mexican saints , blesseds , venerables , and Servants of God , as recognized by the Roman Catholic Church . These people were born , died , or lived their religious life in the present territory of Mexico . Because of missionaries who spent greater or lesser amounts of time in Mexico en route to other mission lands , exact numbers of Mexican saints vary . The Catholic Church has been present in what is now Mexico since the earliest years of the sixteenth century . As early as 1517 , the expedition of Francisco Hernández de Córdoba brought Catholicism to the Yucatan , where the first diocese in continental North America would be erected in 1518 . Mexico 's first saint was canonized in 1862 . Today , Mexico accounts for more saints and Blesseds than any other country in the Western Hemisphere .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "138e878f56cc8e4ee6ddb56fbc6a9ad9",
"text": "Mexico at the 1968 Summer Olympics Mexico was the host nation for the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City . 275 competitors , 233 men and 42 women , took part in 146 events in 20 sports .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b7482eed90952aff19d6bd0d017f6b04",
"text": "Mexico–Venezuela relations Mexico -- Venezuela relations are foreign relations between Mexico and Venezuela . Both nations are members of the Association of Caribbean States , Community of Latin American and Caribbean States , Latin American Integration Association , Organization of American States , Organization of Ibero-American States and the United Nations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "66280ba9982a45dbb0691db87afc4957",
"text": "Mexico–Taiwan relations Mexico -- Taiwan relations refers to the diplomatic relations between Mexico and the Republic of China ( Taiwan ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce09d887b2ec804d78919566618c7178",
"text": "Puebla Puebla ( -LSB- ˈpweβla -RSB- ) , officially the Free and Sovereign State of Puebla ( Estado Libre y Soberano de Puebla ) is one of the 31 states which , with the Federal District , comprise the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico . It is divided in 217 municipalities and its capital city is Puebla . It is located in East-Central Mexico . It is bordered by the states of Veracruz to the north and east , Hidalgo , México , Tlaxcala and Morelos to the west , and Guerrero and Oaxaca to the south . The origins of the state lie in the city of Puebla , which was founded by the Spanish in this valley in 1531 to secure the trade route between Mexico City and the port of Veracruz . By the end of the 18th century , the area had become a colonial province with its own governor , which would become the State of Puebla , after the Mexican War of Independence in the early 19th century . Since that time the area , especially around the capital city , has continued to grow economically , mostly through industry , despite being the scene of a number of battles , the most notable of which being the Battle of Puebla . Today , the state is one of the most industrialized in the country , but since most of its development is concentrated in Puebla and other cities , many of its rural areas are very poor , forcing many to migrate away to places such as Mexico City and the United States . Culturally , the state is home to the China Poblana , mole poblano , active literary and arts scenes and festivals such as Cinco de Mayo , Ritual of Quetzalcoatl , Day of the Dead celebrations ( especially in Huaquechula ) and Carnival ( especially in Huejotzingo ) . It is home to five major indigenous groups : Nahuas , the Totonacs , the Mixtecs , the Popolocas and the Otomi , which can mostly be found in the far north and the far south of the state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0905c242efdfbc197f7edddaafe75261",
"text": "List of people by number of countries visited This is a list of people by number of countries and territories visited . There are a number of people claiming to have visited every country in the world , though there is great debate as to how many countries there are in the world . The most commonly agreed base number is the number of United Nations member states , of which there are 193 . According to the United Nations , `` The recognition of a new State or Government is an act that only other States and Governments may grant or withhold . '' As a result , the membership of some countries to the United Nations is blocked by one or more other members , such as Taiwan and Kosovo , and there are also two observer states , the Holy See and the State of Palestine . Additionally , there are various dependencies and territories that maintain autonomy , their own government , immigration , and/or print their own currency , and can be widely held as de facto countries by travellers . ISO 3166 is maintained by ISO as an updated list of the aforementioned derived from United Nations sources ( Terminology Bulletin Country Names and the Country and Region Codes for Statistical Use maintained by the United Nations Statistics Divisions ) , and lists 249 countries . The Travelers ' Century Club , whose membership is limited to those travellers who have visited one hundred or more territories of the world , maintains its own official list of countries and territories , a total of 325 as of 1 January 2016 , which includes geographically separated areas , such as Hawaii and other areas of cultural interest . This list of people by countries visited does not prescribe one list as correct ; rather , it lists the number of countries visited from any of these competing lists . The Best Travelled is also considered a reference for the 1281 world regions and well travelled people , and hold a verification process to check on traveller 's claims . Their UN Master List regroups all those travellers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd755fae61d170b8f18958d15acaaea8",
"text": "New Spain New Spain ( Nueva España ) was a colonial territory of the Spanish Empire , in the New World north of the Isthmus of Panama . It was established following the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire in 1521 , and following additional conquests , it was made a viceroyalty ( Spanish : virreinato ) in 1535 . The first of four viceroyalties Spain created in the Americas , it comprised Mexico , Central America , much of the Southwestern and Central United States , and Spanish Florida as well as the Philippines , Guam , Mariana and Caroline Islands . After 1535 the colony was governed by the Viceroy of New Spain , an appointed minister of the King of Spain , who ruled as monarch over the colony . The capital of New Spain was Mexico City . New Spain lost parts of its territory to other European powers and independence , but the core area remained under Spanish control until 1821 , when it achieved independence as the Mexican Empire -- when the latter dissolved , it became modern Mexico and Central America . It developed highly regional divisions , which reflect the impact of climate , topography , the presence or absence of dense indigenous populations , and the presence or absence of mineral resources . The areas of central and southern Mexico had dense indigenous populations with complex social , political , and economic organization . The northern area of Mexico , a region of nomadic and semi-nomadic indigenous populations , was not generally conducive to dense settlements , but the discovery of silver in Zacatecas in the 1540s drew settlement there to exploit the mines . Silver mining not only became the engine of the economy of New Spain , but vastly enriched Spain , and transformed the global economy . New Spain was the New World terminus of the Philippine trade , making the viceroyalty a vital link between Spain 's New World empire and its Asian empire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8208fbdfd5d9e482ed890314504304ca",
"text": "Mexican honours system The Mexican honours system consists of civil orders , decorations and medals that are conferred on citizens and foreigners in recognition of their services and achievements . Although the indigenous empires that made up modern Mexico had their own way of recognizing individuals , the current system traces its roots from colonial New Spain , and has evolved because of events since the country 's independence . The following is a partial list of the orders , awards and prizes that have been or are currently issued as state decorations by the Government of Mexico .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
ddfdd7fd9d7b1966aa1395e1b85bb1e5 | Reuters transmits news in Italian. | [
{
"docid": "bc16aa2818f5fee7e9d27f4be2766f78",
"text": "Reuters Reuters -LSB- ˈrɔɪtərz -RSB- is an international news agency headquartered in London , England . It is a division of Thomson Reuters . Until 2008 , the Reuters news agency formed part of an independent company , Reuters Group plc , which was also a provider of financial market data . Since the acquisition of Reuters Group by the Thomson Corporation in 2008 , the Reuters news agency has been a part of Thomson Reuters , making up the media division . Reuters transmits news in English , French , Arabic , Spanish , German , Italian , Portuguese , Russian , Japanese , Korean , Urdu , and Chinese . It was established in 1851 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1f9cdcd78b77155a8b978f96d4a7bd0d",
"text": "Rai Radio 3 Rai Radio 3 ( radio tre ) is an Italian radio channel operated by the state-owned public-broadcasting organization RAI and specializing in culture and classical music . It is currently directed by Marino Sinibaldi . Founded in 1950 as the Terzo programma , it was loosely based on its British namesake , the BBC Third Programme , which had been established in 1946 . It adopted its current name in 1976 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c5c08772fc83ce15426d7b527988507",
"text": "Class CNBC Class CNBC ( formerly CFN/CNBC ) is a business and financial news television channel broadcast in Italy . It is essentially an Italian language version of CNBC Europe , albeit with a major focus on the Italian financial markets . The channel is headquartered in Milan , site of the Borsa Italiana , and is a joint venture between the publishing house Class Editori , which holds a majority stake , along with NBC Universal ( owner of CNBC Europe ) and Italy 's largest commercial television company Mediaset , who hold 20 % of the channel each . The channel broadcasts for sixteen hours per day , covering trading in Europe , Asia and the United States and it has correspondents in other countries , such as at CNBC Europe in London . Class CNBC uses the current on-air graphical look of CNBC Europe , but it has used the same ticker since the launch of the channel . The director is Andrea Cabrini .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f50a87ee42003eb9ac9f1993ddd16ecf",
"text": "Il Messaggero Il Messaggero is an Italian newspaper based in Rome , Italy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78a24bc617a5e98cd771168a04b9f6de",
"text": "Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata The Agenzia Nazionale Stampa Associata ( ANSA ) is the leading wire service in Italy , and one of the leaders among world news agencies . ANSA is a not-for-profit cooperative , whose members and owners are 36 leading news organizations in Italy . Its mission is the distribution of fair and objective news reporting . The acronym literally means Associated Press National Agency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54611054fc9cfee98e5a20b8306981fa",
"text": "Eurotra Eurotra was an ambitious machine translation project established and funded by the European Commission from 1978 until 1992 . Emboldened by modest success with an older , commercially developed machine translation system SYSTRAN , a large network of European computational linguists embarked upon the Eurotra project with the hope of creating a state-of-the-art MT system for the then seven , later nine , official languages of the European Community . However , as time passed , expectations became tempered ; `` Fully Automatic High Quality Translation '' was not a reasonably attainable goal . The true character of Eurotra was eventually acknowledged to be in fact pre-competitive research rather than prototype development . The project was motivated by one of the founding principles of the EU : that all citizens had the right to read any and all proceedings of the Commission in their own language . As more countries joined , this produced a combinatorial explosion in the number of language pairs involved , and the need to translate every paper , speech and even set of meeting minutes produced by the EU into the other eight languages meant that translation rapidly became the overwhelming component in the administrative budget . To solve this problem Eurotra was devised . The project was unusual in that rather than consisting of a single research team , it had member groups distributed around the member countries , organised along language rather than national lines ( for example , groups in Leuven and Utrecht worked closely together ) , and the secretariat was based at the European Commission in Luxembourg . While this contributed significantly to the culture of the project , it also demonstrated graphically Brooks ' assertion in The Mythical Man-Month that adding personnel to a project results in it taking longer to complete ; the more the number of groups involved , the more time is spent on administration and communication rather than actual research per se . The actual design of the project was unusual as MT projects go . Older systems , such as SYSTRAN , were heavily dictionary-based , with minor support for rearranging word order . More recent systems have often worked on a probabilistic approach , based on parallel corpora . Eurotra addressed the constituent structure of the text to be translated , going through first a syntactic parse followed by a second parse to produce a dependency structure followed by a final parse with a third grammar to produce what was referred to internally as Intermediate Representation ( IR ) . Since all three modules were implemented as Prolog programs , it would then in principle be possible to put this structure backwards through the corresponding modules for another language to produce a translated text in any of the other languages . However , in practice this was not in fact how language pairs were implemented . The first `` live '' translation occupied a 4Mb Microvax running Ultrix and C-Prolog for a complete weekend some time in early 1987 . The sentence , translated from English into Danish , was `` Japan makes computers '' . The main problem faced by the system was the generation of so-called `` Parse Forests '' - often a large number of different grammar rules could be applied to any particular phrase , producing hundreds , even thousands of ( often identical ) parse trees . This used up huge quantities of computer store , slowing the whole process down unnecessarily . While Eurotra never delivered a `` working '' MT system , the project made a far-reaching long-term impact on the nascent language industries in European member states , in particular among the southern countries of Greece , Italy , Spain , and Portugal . There is at least one commercial MT system ( developed by an academic/commercial consortium in Denmark ) derived from Eurotra technology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81716b913194ebdaac4a87445d118aaf",
"text": "Televisión Española Televisión Española ( acronym TVE , on lowercase letters : tve , in English `` Spanish Television '' ) is the national state-owned public-service television broadcaster in Spain . TVE belongs to the RTVE Corporation which has overall responsibility for national public-service radio and television under a Parliament-appointed General Manager who , as well as being answerable to a Board of Directors , reports to an all-party committee of the national parliament , as provided for in the Public Radio and Television Law of 2006 . TVE 's activities were previously financed by a combination of advertising revenue and subsidies from the national government , but since it has been supported by subsidies only .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59dcf44b391e474199c3f53fd138468d",
"text": "Oggi (magazine) Oggi ( meaning Today in Italian ) is an Italian weekly news magazine published in Milan , Italy and is one of the oldest magazines in the country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6edbbc620d2434beb2ebf4abaca0d823",
"text": "TG2 TG2 ( TeleGiornale 2 ) is the brand for the news programmes of Rai 2 , the Italian state-owned television channel . The programmes are shown several times throughout the day -- domestically on Rai Due , and across Europe , Africa , Americas , Asia and Australasia on Raitalia . It was launched in 1961 as Telegiornale del Secondo Programma before adopting its current name in 1976 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f41b4785baace6cd91c9f7432e331d43",
"text": "Claudio Angelini Claudio Angelini ( 29 March 1943 -- 2 June 2015 ) was president of the Dante Alighieri Society in New York , U.S. political correspondent for RAI , the Italian national television network and was President Emeritus of RAI Corporation . He wrote several books and poems including Obama , un anno di sfide ( Obama , a Year of Challenges ) . Angelini served a 4-year term as director of the Italian Cultural Institute of New York from 2003 to 2007 , the Italian governmental agency for the worldwide promotion of Italian cultural affairs . His tenure was praised by some of the most prominent cultural and political figures , including U.S. Ambassador Richard Gardner and Professor David Friedberg , the director of the Italian Academy at Columbia University . Became a Guarantor and ex-officio member of the Board of Italian Academy at Columbia University from 2002-2003 to 2005-2006 He was well known among Italian-Americans for hosting the weekly TV show `` Zoom '' , on RAI International , a 30-minute lifestyle program focused on many aspects relevant to the large Italian community of North America . In 1997 Angelini moved from Rome to New York , where he served as the U.S. Bureau Chief for RAI . He was the first Italian journalist to broadcast the tragic September 11 terrorist attack . Before moving to the U.S. , Angelini was the director of RAI News Radio and the deputy director of TG1 ( RAI 1 news office ) . He also served for 20 years as the RAI chief correspondent for the president of the Italian Republic . This role made him a familiar face in Italian households and earned him the affectionate nickname of the `` Voice of the Presidents . '' Prior to these roles , Angelini anchored TG1 ( RAI 1 TV news ) and hosted the popular cultural program `` Almanacco del Giorno dopo '' for several years . He has been editor-in-chief of important cultural publications including Fiera and has published many books of fiction and poetry with notable Italian publishers Rusconi and Bompiani . He also wrote a political column for the Italian daily newspaper Il Messaggero . He was at times the President , Chairman and promoter of the Capri Awards for literary and cultural events in Capri which he founded with his wife Olga Cortese in the 1980 's . Angelini died in New York from a serious illness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "823c84bdab65fb7c9b8ecb9f2ed8dece",
"text": "Il Tirreno Il Tirreno is a regional Italian newspaper , printed in Livorno and published in Tuscany . Il Tirreno also features sixteen local editions around the whole region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a339e677bfe7082ed6587647f61b7d4",
"text": "List of television channels in Italy This is a list of national Italian TV services available on digital terrestrial , satellite , cable systems in Italy . Some channels have a `` timeshift '' service , i.e. the same programming ( and usually advertisements as well ) broadcast one or two hours later to give viewers another chance to catch a favourite programme . On free satellite , as well as on Sky Italia , foreign channels are also available , such as BBC World News , CNN International , France 24 , MTV Dance , MTV Rocks , etc. . For Italian-speaking channels not based in Italy , or not having studios in Italy , please see the link above this paragraph .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "499ac18c3c638d171e96c6d606f071fa",
"text": "List of cathedrals in Italy This is a list of cathedrals in Italy , including also Vatican City and San Marino . This is intended to be a complete list of extant cathedrals - i.e. , churches that are the seats of bishops - and co-cathedrals . Many former cathedrals and proto-cathedrals are also included , but many more are yet to be added . Almost all cathedrals in Italy are Roman Catholic , but any that are not are also listed here . There are many churches in Italy commonly known as Duomo . This is often translated as `` cathedral '' , but not entirely accurately : `` duomo '' refers to the principal church of a town or city , whatever its status . Clearly , when a cathedral exists , that will often also be a town 's principal church , and many cathedrals are thus also `` duomi '' , and vice versa . This is not always so , however : there are places where the cathedral and the principal church are not the same ( Bologna , for example ) ; and very many places which are not the seats of bishops have a non-episcopal `` duomo '' and no cathedral at all . In this list , churches known as `` duomo '' are only included if they are , or have been , episcopal seats , as above . There is a very small number of churches , such as that at Monza , which have such exceptional distinction or status that they are comparable in importance to cathedrals without having ever been the seats of bishops , and are commonly known in English as cathedrals . There is a separate ( incomplete ) list for this small group of churches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cfea3ee0ac37e16e1869c1a9aee1a2be",
"text": "Sergio Borelli Sergio Borelli ( born 1923 ) started as a journalist in post-WWII Milan , at the socialist newspaper L'Avanti . After being awarded a UNESCO Fellowship that sent him to London to learn at the local newspapers and then to the BBC Foreign Dept. he came back to Milan . At that time his major interests were the two great revolutions : Soviet Socialism and China 's Communism . He was offered the position of Moscow correspondent for Il Giorno ; he was the first Italian correspondent there from an independent newspaper . Back to Italy three years later , he continued working as foreign correspondent and , among other things , covered the Algerian War , the first commercial round-the-world flight , Khrushchev 's memorable 1959 trip to the U.S. , and the 1965 U.S. invasion of Santo Domingo . In 1962 , Borelli was awarded The Premiolino , the oldest and most prestigious Italian journalism award . It is made annually to six journalists from print media and television for their career achievements and their contributions to the freedom of the press . In 1965 , he left the newspapers for television , where he developed documentaries and reportage for the News Department of RAI , the Italian State 's TV network . He experimented with different TV formats in collaboration at RAI . In 1966 , Borelli made `` Il Festival de Dakar '' , a 50-minute documentary of Premier Festival Mondial des Arts Nègres ( FESMAN ) or World Festival of Black Arts , in Dakar , 1966 . Labeled as politically unreliable for his critical stances , he was removed from the News Department and given a position at Prix Italia , an international TV competition . There , Borelli connected with peers working in European TV stations who , like him , were exploring new formats . In 1973 at the Prix Italia held in Venice , Sergio and a small group of professionals from public television met with Pierre Schaeffer , of INA Institut National de l'Audiovisuel and Director of the Research Department of ORTF , France and founded CIRCOM - International Cooperative for Research and Action on the Field of Communication . Sergio Borelli was the President of CIRCOM from 1983 to 1989 . In 1977 invited by Howard Klein of the Rockefeller Foundation , Sergio and others - among them James Day of WNET , Russell Connor of the TV Lab at Thirteen/WNET , Fred Barzyk of WGBH-TV , Nam June Paik and Bill Viola - founded INPUT International Public Television Screening Conference . From 1990 on , retired from RAI , he dedicated himself full time to INPUTinternational public television . Borelli was the International Program Coordinator , but was better known for his informal role of `` agent provocateur '' . He defended the non-competitive nature of the conference and worked hard to promote diversity . Up to his 87th birthday he conducted workshops with filmmakers in Asia and Africa and followed his two greatest passions : traveling and talking to as many people as possible . `` The House He Built '' documentary film of Sergio Borelli 's life and wunderkammer home in Rome is in production .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "908815e5d918a5ffd667f73aa4f99879",
"text": "Clarín (Argentine newspaper) Clarín ( -LSB- klaˈɾin -RSB- , meaning `` Bugle '' ) is the largest newspaper in Argentina , published by the Grupo Clarín media group . It was founded by Roberto Noble on 28 August 1945 in Buenos Aires . It was popularly understood to oppose the Kirchner government . Its director since 1969 is Ernestina Herrera de Noble . Clarín is part of Periódicos Asociados Latinoamericanos ( Latin American Newspaper Association ) , an organization of fourteen leading newspapers in South America .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "df137b369f1fa3026520c5066033a553",
"text": "Gazzetta Ufficiale The Gazzetta Ufficiale della Repubblica Italiana ( Italian , trans . Official Gazette of the Italian Republic ) is the official journal of record of the Italian government . It is published by the Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca dello Stato in Rome .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05ed48a6d0ba05cc83a75761a27bc9b0",
"text": "Rai 5 Rai 5 is an Italian television channel owned by Rai and broadcast on Digital terrestrial television in Italy . The channel replaced Rai Extra . It broadcasts programs about art , fashion , dance , opera , theatre , cuisine , travel , and documentary films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59479e707be329441073301ea299b277",
"text": "Scot J. Paltrow Scot J. Paltrow is an American journalist . A financial journalist , Paltrow currently works for Reuters . Paltrow is from New York . He received his bachelor 's degree from the Cornell University College of Arts and Sciences and a master 's degree from the London School of Economics . Paltrow 's journalism career began in 1977 when he joined the Memphis Commercial Appeal as a reporter . The following year , he joined the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner , where his investigative series on corruption in Industry , California , `` The City of Insiders , '' resulted in federal and state criminal probes and several convictions . In 1981 , Paltrow moved to the Washington Star , where he covered federal courts . After the Star shut down the same year , Paltrow moved to the Wall Street Journal , where he was a reporter in the Los Angeles bureau . In 1985 , Paltrow became a European correspondent for the Journal based in Brussels . In April 1988 , Paltrow returned to the United States as New York financial bureau chief for the Los Angeles Times . During this period he did numerous investigative stories on Wall Street investment banks , markets and the insurance industry . '' While at the Times , Paltrow won a 1993 George Polk Award for Financial Reporting . Paltrow returned to the Wall Street Journal in May 1997 and served as senior special writer based in New York and writes for the paper 's Washington bureau . In 2007 , following Rupert Murdoch 's purchase of Dow Jones & Company ( which owns the Wall Street Journal ) , Paltrow left the paper and joined Condé Nast 's Portfolio.com as a contributing editor , starting September 1 , 2007 , following another longtime Journal journalist who moved to Portfolio.com , Peter Waldman . In September 2010 , Paltrow moved to Reuters , where he and fellow financial journalist Mark Hosenball were brought on as `` key hires '' in an effort to expand Reuters ' `` coverage of business , Wall Street and Washington . '' Paltrow joined Reuters to cover `` financial crimes , specifically covering criminal and civil investigations related to the financial crisis , as well as the effort to more closely regulate and police the financial world . '' In 2012 , Paltrow won a Society of American Business Editors and Writers Best in Business Awards in the Explanatory/News Agency category for his investigation into banks ' use of robo-signing . Paltrow has written a report , The Case for a Stronger Federal Role in Insurance Regulation : Weak State Regulation Highlights the Need for Federal Oversight of Health Premiums , for the Center for American Progress Action Fund . Paltrow has received a Gerald Loeb Award . Paltrow won 1992 and 1993 John Hancock Awards for Excellence in Business & Financial Journalism , the 1994 Los Angeles Times Editorial Award , the Unity Award in Media , and a 2001 Deadline Club Award from New York City Chapter of the Society of Professional Journalists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1f88c16f467797534ab187eb6e60bd84",
"text": "Rai Fiction Rai Fiction is an Italian production company founded in 1997 . It is owned and operated by Radiotelevisione Italiana ( RAI ) , the national broadcasting company of Italy . The company produces content for RAI 's channels . The company produces cartoons , sitcoms , and other programmes . The company also works in association with foreign production studios and TV channels as well as other production companies in Italy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f1be996130cbe33f69d16b8e5112a1c",
"text": "Sardinian language Sardinian ( sardu , limba sarda , lingua sarda ) or Sard is the primary indigenous Romance language spoken on most of the island of Sardinia ( Italy ) . Of the Romance languages , it is considered one of the closest , if not the closest , to Latin . However , it also incorporates a Pre-Latin ( Paleo-Sardinian , also known as Nuragic , and , to a much lesser degree , Punic ) substratum , and a Byzantine Greek , Catalan , Spanish and Italian superstratum due to the past political membership of the island , first gravitating towards the Hispanic sphere of influence and later towards the Italian one . Sardinian consists of two mutually intelligible varieties , each with its own literature : Campidanese and Logudorese , spoken respectively in the southern half and in the north-central part of Sardinia . Some attempts have been made to introduce a standardized writing system for administrative purposes by combining the two Sardinian varieties , like the LSU ( Limba Sarda Unificada , `` Unified Sardinian Language '' ) and LSC ( Limba Sarda Comuna , `` Common Sardinian Language '' ) , but they have not been generally acknowledged by native speakers . In 1997 Sardinian , along with all the other languages spoken by the Sardinians , was recognized by a regional law ; since 1999 , Sardinian is also one of the twelve `` historical language minorities '' of Italy and protected as such by the national Law no. 482/1999 . However , the language is in retreat and UNESCO classifies both main varieties as `` definitely endangered '' ; although an estimated 68.4 percent of the islanders have a good oral command of Sardinian . Italian is displacing it nonetheless in many cases , and language ability among children has been estimated to have dropped in fact to around 13 percent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af4f41161404854da56a60a6855bd2d9",
"text": "Festa della Repubblica Festa della Repubblica ( -LSB- ˈfɛsta della reˈpubblika -RSB- in English , Republic Day ) is the Italian National Day and Republic Day , which is celebrated on 2 June each year . The day commemorates the institutional referendum held by universal suffrage in 1946 , in which the Italian people were called to the polls to decide on the form of government , following the Second World War and the fall of Fascism . With 12,717,923 votes for a republic and 10,719,284 for the monarchy , the male descendants of the House of Savoy were sent into exile . To commemorate it , a grand military parade is held in central Rome , presided over by the President of the Italian Republic in his role as Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces . The Prime Minister , formally known as the President of the Council of Ministers , and other high officers of state also attend . There are important celebrations in all the Italian embassies and foreign heads of state are invited . Even though the main parade is in Rome , many Italian cities celebrate the day as well . Prior to the foundation of the Republic , the Italian national day was the first Sunday in June , anniversary of the granting of the Statuto Albertino . From 1977 to 1999 , due to economic reasons , this was the date of the celebrations for the 1946 foundation of the republic . The 2 June date became official in 2000 . The parade was held in Turin in 1961 to mark the centennial year of Italian unification .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
e4976b622aa20218463090b36f9e60e3 | Richard III of England died in battle. | [
{
"docid": "936e15e1e60376870eaa680e21e48920",
"text": "Richard III of England Richard III ( 2 October 1452 -- 22 August 1485 ) was King of England from 1483 until his death in 1485 , at the age of 32 , in the Battle of Bosworth Field . He was the last king of the House of York and the last of the Plantagenet dynasty . His defeat at Bosworth Field , the last decisive battle of the Wars of the Roses , marked the end of the Middle Ages in England . He is the subject of the historical play Richard III by William Shakespeare . When his brother King Edward IV died in April 1483 , Richard was named Lord Protector of the realm for Edward 's son and successor , the 12-year-old Edward V . As the young king travelled to London from Ludlow , Richard met and escorted him to lodgings in the Tower of London , where Edward V 's own brother Richard of Shrewsbury joined him shortly afterwards . Arrangements were made for Edward 's coronation on 22 June 1483 ; but , before the young king could be crowned , his father 's marriage to his mother Elizabeth Woodville was declared invalid , making their children illegitimate and ineligible for the throne . On 25 June , an assembly of Lords and commoners endorsed the claims . The following day , Richard III began his reign , and he was crowned on 6 July 1483 . The young princes were not seen in public after August , and accusations circulated that the boys had been murdered on Richard 's orders , giving rise to the legend of the Princes in the Tower . There were two major rebellions against Richard . The first , in October 1483 , was led by staunch allies of Edward IV and Richard 's former ally , Henry Stafford , 2nd Duke of Buckingham ; but the revolt collapsed . In August 1485 , Henry Tudor and his uncle , Jasper Tudor , led a second rebellion . Henry Tudor landed in southern Wales with a small contingent of French troops and marched through his birthplace , Pembrokeshire , recruiting soldiers . Henry 's force engaged Richard 's army and defeated it at the Battle of Bosworth Field in Leicestershire . Richard was struck down in the conflict , making him the last English king to die in battle on home soil and the first since Harold Godwinson ( who was killed at the Battle of Hastings in 1066 ) . Henry then ascended the throne as Henry VII . After the battle Richard 's corpse was taken to Leicester and buried without pomp . His original tomb monument is believed to have been removed during the Reformation , and his remains were lost for more than five centuries , believed to have been thrown into the River Soar . In 2012 , an archaeological excavation was commissioned by the Richard III Society on a city council car park on the site once occupied by Greyfriars Priory Church . The University of Leicester identified the skeleton found in the excavation as that of Richard III as a result of radiocarbon dating , comparison with contemporary reports of his appearance , and comparison of his mitochondrial DNA with that of two matrilineal descendants of Richard III 's eldest sister , Anne of York . Richard 's remains were reburied in Leicester Cathedral on 26 March 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "91365466d68218c3a103657dcff5fd87",
"text": "Richard the Lionheart (disambiguation) Richard the Lionheart or similar names can refer to : - King Richard I of England Riccardo Primo , opera by Handel , 1727 Richard the Lionheart ( TV series ) , ITV production from around 1960 Richard Coeur de Lion ( play ) , 1876 semi-opera Richard Coeur-de-lion ( opera ) , French opera by André Grétry Richard the Lion-Hearted ( 1923 film ) , starring Wallace Beery Richard the Lionheart ( 2013 film ) , starring Gregory Chandler",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba",
"text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b281dbfdc74b1193cf1f4e1ce97c570",
"text": "William fitz Duncan William fitz Duncan ( a modern anglicisation of the Old French Guillaume fils de Duncan and the Middle Irish Uilleam mac Donnchada ) was a Scottish prince , a territorial magnate in northern Scotland and northern England , a general and the legitimate son of king Donnchad II ( Duncan II ) of Scotland by Athelreda ( Ethelreda ) of Dunbar . In 1094 , his father Donnchad II was killed by Mormaer Máel Petair of Mearns , supporting the claims of King Domnall ( Donald ) III Bán . It is probable that William left Scotland with his mother in that year , to the safety of Allerdale in Cumberland . A decade or so later , he ventured to the court of his half-uncle . Under the reign of his half-uncle Alexander I , it is highly likely that William was regarded as a viable tánaiste ( i.e. `` designated heir '' ) , but Henry I of England supported David . When David succeeded , William , as the legitimate king under the rules of primogeniture was certainly bought off by David , probably being made tánaiste . William repeatedly leads the lists of witnesses appearing in Scottish royal charters in the reigns of Alexander I and David I. A 13th century northern English source claims that William was Mormaer of Moray . As this source had no reason to deceive , it is highly likely that William was made the ruler of Moray after the defeat of King Óengus of Moray in 1130 . It is feasible that this grant had something to do with the coming of age of David 's son , Prince Henry and may also be a factor in his marriage to a daughter of Óengus . As well as being the ruler of Moray , William controlled the English lands of Allerdale , Skipton and Craven , making him one of the greatest barons of northern England . William was a great warrior . He frequently led Scottish armies . In the campaign of 1138 , he led an army of Gaels that defeated a Norman English army at the Battle of Clitheroe , raising the hopes for the success of the royal army , hopes which failed to materialize at the Battle of the Standard . William had several marriages . His first marriage was over , presumably through death , by the year 1137 , when he married Alice de Rumilly , daughter of William Meschin . By the latter , he had a son , also called William ( William of Egremont or William the Atheling ) , who died in 1160 , and a daughter Cicely , Lady of Skipton , who married William le Gros , 1st Earl of Albemarle . He also had a large number of bastards , probably including Wimund of the Isles . It is now presumed that Domnall mac Uilleim , and the Meic Uilleim clan that repeatedly rebelled against later Scottish kings in their quest to gain the Scottish throne , were legitimate descendants of a marriage to a daughter of Óengus of Moray . He died in 1147 , whereupon Moray fell back into the hands of David .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a72c3f5bf47b4e8f0aa731478fdf7f2",
"text": "Robin of Redesdale Robin of Redesdale , sometimes called `` Robin Mend-All '' , was the leader of an insurrection against King Edward IV of England . His true identity is unknown , but it is thought he could have been either Sir John Conyers of Hornby ( d. 1490 ) or his brother Sir William Conyers of Marske ( d. 1469 ) , or even both . Whoever he was , the power behind his rebellion was Richard Neville , 16th Earl of Warwick ( `` Warwick the Kingmaker '' ) . During April 1469 , the rebellion was raised in the north of England . The rebels were defeated in April by John Neville , Earl of Northumberland , but further troops were raised and the rebels openly denounced the government of Edward IV , demanding that he remove his wife 's family , the Woodvilles , from positions of power . On 26 July , the rebel army met and defeated Edward 's army ( commanded by William Herbert , Earl of Pembroke ) at the Battle of Edgecote Moor . Although they were victorious , Robin himself was reported to have died in the battle , hence his identification with William Conyers who was killed at Edgecote . However , his mantle was temporarily assumed by someone else , apparently Sir John Conyers , when Warwick raised a further rebellion early in 1470 . This second `` Robin of Redesdale '' submitted to Edward IV in March 1470 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "79367f0e48a5a0780faa2a89debb0448",
"text": "Gospatric III, Earl of Lothian Gospatric III ( died 1166 ) was a twelfth-century Anglo-Celtic noble , who was Earl of Lothian and later the Earl of Dunbar , and feudal Lord of Beanley . He was the son of Gospatric II , Earl of Lothian ( later called Earl of Dunbar ) . He appeared for the first time as a witness in a charter representing his father 's grant to Coldingham Priory . After his father 's death in 1138 , he inherited his father 's territories in Northumberland , East Lothian and the Scottish Borders . He bore the title `` Earl of Lothian '' on his seal . The following year `` the son of earl Gospatric and the son of Hugh de Morville and the son of earl Fergus ( of Galloway ) '' were asked to go as hostages in negotiations with King Stephen of England . He married a Scottish woman called Deirdre , and by her fathered two sons , Waltheof , Earl of Lothian and Patrick . Gospatric was a great religious patron , granting lands to many of his neighbouring abbeys . He even appears to have become a monk himself , and when he died there in 1166 he was probably already part of the monastic community where he was buried , at Durham .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea9374c929544bec41cbeeae5031b854",
"text": "William de Ufford, 2nd Earl of Suffolk William de Ufford , 2nd Earl of Suffolk ( 30 May 1338 -- 15 February 1382 ) was an English nobleman in the reigns of Edward III and Richard II . He was the son of Robert de Ufford , who was created Earl of Suffolk by Edward III in 1337 . William had three older brothers who all predeceased him , and in 1369 he succeeded his father . In the 1370s , he participated in several campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War , but this period was not a successful one for England . Suffolk was closely connected to Thomas Beauchamp , Earl of Warwick and John of Gaunt , Duke of Lancaster , and his conciliatory skills were highly valued in national politics . He helped arbitrate in the conflict between Gaunt and the parliamentary Commons during the Good Parliament . In 1381 , Suffolk took part in suppressing the Peasants ' Revolt in East Anglia , after narrowly escaping the rebels himself . He died suddenly in 1382 while attending parliament , and since he had no surviving children , his title became extinct and his property was dispersed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad5da3c052a41a63309b0556f75f787a",
"text": "David Baldwin (historian) David Baldwin ( b. 22 December 1946 d. 4 April 2016 ) was a British historian , author and former university lecturer , who lived near Leicester , England . Baldwin specialised in late Medieval history -- `` the great medieval families of the Midlands '' -- and wrote several books about the people and events of the Wars of the Roses . Before retiring from teaching , Baldwin had previously worked as a lecturer at both the University of Leicester and the University of Nottingham . In 1986 , over 25 years before the 2012 excavation and the discovery of the king 's body , he predicted that Richard III 's remains would be found at Greyfriars , Leicester . In his 2010 book , Robin Hood : The English Outlaw Unmasked , Baldwin argued that the ` real ' Robin Hood was Roger Godberd , a disinherited supporter of Simon de Montfort . He drew attention to the many similarities between Godberd 's career and the stories told of Robin in the earliest ballads , and to a grave slab in Loxley churchyard in Warwickshire which appeared to be identical to one associated with Robin in earlier centuries . In his 2007 book , The Lost Prince : The Survival of Richard of York , Baldwin discussed the possibility that the younger of the Princes in the Tower , Prince Richard , survived , and was the `` Richard Plantagenet '' who died in December 1550 at Eastwell in Kent . Richard had worked as a bricklayer at St. John 's Abbey , Colchester , until 1539 , but , unusually for someone of his class , could read Latin . He is sometimes said to have been an illegitimate son of King Richard III . Baldwin was elected a Fellow of the Royal Historical Society in 2012 . A religious man , Baldwin was a member of a Christadelphian congregation in Leicester .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db71500e06f203cc8fcd279a14356c83",
"text": "Hundred Years' War The Hundred Years ' War was a series of conflicts waged from 1337 to 1453 by the House of Plantagenet , rulers of the Kingdom of England , against the House of Valois , rulers of the Kingdom of France , over the succession of the French throne . Each side drew many allies into the war . It was one of the most notable conflicts of the Middle Ages , in which five generations of kings from two rival dynasties fought for the throne of the largest kingdom in Western Europe . The war marked both the height of chivalry and its subsequent decline , and the development of strong national identities in both countries . After the Norman Conquest , the kings of England were vassals of the kings of France for their possessions in France . The French kings had endeavored , over the centuries , to reduce these possessions , to the effect that only Gascony was left to the English . The confiscation or threat of confiscating this duchy had been part of French policy to check the growth of English power , particularly whenever the English were at war with the Kingdom of Scotland , an ally of France . Through his mother , Isabella of France , Edward III of England was the grandson of Philip IV of France and nephew of Charles IV of France , the last king of the senior line of the House of Capet . In 1316 , a principle was established denying women succession to the French throne . When Charles IV died in 1328 , Isabella , unable to claim the French throne for herself , claimed it for her son . The French rejected the claim , maintaining that Isabella could not transmit a right that she did not possess . For about nine years ( 1328 -- 1337 ) , the English had accepted the Valois succession to the French throne , but the interference of the French king , Philip VI , in Edward III 's war against Scotland permitted Edward III to reassert his claim to the French throne . Several overwhelming English victories in the war -- especially at Crecy , Poitiers , and Agincourt -- raised the prospects of an ultimate English triumph . However , the greater resources of the French monarchy precluded a complete conquest . Starting in 1429 , decisive French victories at Orléans , Patay , Formigny , and Castillon concluded the war in favour of France , with England permanently losing most of its major possessions on the continent . Historians commonly divide the war into three phases separated by truces : the Edwardian Era War ( 1337 -- 1360 ) ; the Caroline War ( 1369 -- 1389 ) ; and the Lancastrian War ( 1415 -- 1453 ) . Local conflicts in neighbouring areas , which were contemporarily related to the war , including the War of the Breton Succession ( 1341 -- 1364 ) , the Castilian Civil War ( 1366 -- 1369 ) , the War of the Two Peters ( 1356 -- 1375 ) in Aragon , and the 1383 -- 85 Crisis in Portugal , were availed by the parties to advance their agendas . Later historians adopted the term `` Hundred Years ' War '' as a historiography periodization to encompass all of these events , thus constructing the longest military conflict in European history . The war owes its historical significance to multiple factors . By its end , feudal armies had been largely replaced by professional troops , and aristocratic dominance had yielded to a democratisation of the manpower and weapons of armies . Although primarily a dynastic conflict , the war gave impetus to ideas of French and English nationalism . The wider introduction of weapons and tactics supplanted the feudal armies where heavy cavalry had dominated , and artillery became important . The war precipitated the creation of the first standing armies in Western Europe since the time of the Western Roman Empire and thus helping to change their role in warfare . With respect to the belligerents , in France , civil wars , deadly epidemics , famines , and bandit free-companies of mercenaries reduced the population drastically . English political forces over time came to oppose the costly venture . The dissatisfaction of English nobles , resulting from the loss of their continental landholdings , became a factor leading to the civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses ( 1455 -- 1487 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fde5ddcc4b4c2224353528f242a3397",
"text": "The Battlefields of England The Battlefields of England was a work of non-fiction by A. H. Burne first published in 1950 by Methuen . A sequel , More Battlefield of England , followed in 1952 . In 1996 the two works were combined under `` The Battlefields of England '' title . The book explores battlefields in respect of the following battles : Caradoc 's Last Fight AD 51 The Battle of Mount Badon AD 500 The Battle of Deorham AD 577 Wansdyke and the Battle of Ellandun AD 825 The Battle of Ashdown 8 January 871 The Battle of Ethandun AD 878 The Battle of Brunanburh AD 937 The Battle of Maldon August 991 The Battle of Assingdon 18 October 1016 The Battle of Stamford Bridge 25 September 1066 The Battle of Hastings 14 October 1066 The Battle of the Standard , or Northallerton : 22 August 1138 The Battle of Lewes 14 May 1264 ) The Battle of Evesham 4 August 1265 ) The Battle of Neville 's Cross 17 October 1346 The Battle of Otterburn 19 August 1388 The Battle of Shrewsbury 21 July 1403 The First Battle of St. Albans 22 May 1455 The Battle of Blore Heath 23 September 1459 The Second Battle of St. Albans 17 February The Battle of Towton 29 March 1461 The Battle of Barnet 14 April 1471 The Battle of Tewkesbury 14 May 1471 The Battle of Bosworth 22 August 1485 The Battle of Stoke Field 16 June 1487 The Battle of Flodden 9 September 1513 The Battle of Edgehill 22 October 1642 The Battle of Lansdown 5 July 1643 The Battle of Roundway Down 13 July 1643 The First Battle of Newbury 20 October 1643 The Battle of Cheriton 29 March 1644 The Battle of Marston Moor 2 July 1644 The Second Battle of Newbury 28 October 1644 The Battle of Naseby 14 June 1645 The Battle of Langport 10 July 1645 The Battle of Worcester 3 September 1651 The Battle of Sedgemoor 6 July 1685",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5606342b4867d7174393ff25ba13828c",
"text": "Gospatric II, Earl of Lothian Gospatric II ( died 1138 ) was Earl of Lothian or Earl of Dunbar in the early 12th century . He was the son of Gospatric I , sometime Earl of Northumbria ( d. after 1073 ) . In the earliest sources , occurring at dates between 1120 and 1134 he is not styled `` earl '' , but the `` brother of Dolfin '' , the latter style being used in his own seal . Later accounts say that he was granted lands by king Máel Coluim III , although it is possible that he received them from his father , while his brother Dolfin received much of Cumberland . As Gospatric held lands from both King David I of Scotland and King Henry I of England it is impossible to label him either `` English '' or `` Scottish '' . Gospatric enjoyed the benefits of the renewed prominence given to native Englishmen in the reign of Henry I . He and his children obtained many lands in England proper , and he himself gained jurisdiction over some northern English legal duties . He appears to have attained the status of `` earl '' by the year 1134 , when that style first appears in documentary sources . Earl Gospatric , described as `` the chief leader of the men of Lothian '' was killed at the Battle of the Standard , being `` struck by an arrow , he fell '' . He had four sons , Gospatric III ( his successor ) , Adam , Edward , and Edgar . His daughter , Juliana , married Ralph de Merlay . Ralph and Juliana founded Newminster Abbey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c92e2aa20923dcd87fe52d51ce4c66fc",
"text": "Duke of Bedford Duke of Bedford ( named after Bedford , England ) is a title that has been created six times ( for five distinct people ) in the Peerage of England . The first and second creations came in 1414 in favour of Henry IV 's third son , John , who later served as regent of France . He was made Earl of Kendal at the same time and was made Earl of Richmond later the same year . The titles became extinct on his death in 1435 . The third creation came in 1470 in favour of George Neville , nephew of Warwick the Kingmaker . He was deprived of the title by Act of Parliament in 1478 . The fourth creation came 1478 in favour of George , the third son of Edward IV . He died the following year at the age of two . The fifth creation came in 1485 in favour of Jasper Tudor , half-brother of Henry VI and uncle of Henry VII . He had already been created Earl of Pembroke in 1452 . However , as he was a Lancastrian , his title was forfeited between 1461 and 1485 during the predominance of the House of York . He regained the earldom in 1485 when his nephew Henry VII came to the throne and was elevated to the dukedom the same year . He had no legitimate children and the titles became extinct on his death in 1495 . The Russell family currently holds the titles of Earl and Duke of Bedford . John Russell , a close advisor of Henry VIII and Edward VI , was granted the title of Earl of Bedford in 1551 , and his descendant William , 5th Earl , was created Duke following the Glorious Revolution . The subsidiary titles of the Duke of Bedford , all in the Peerage of England , are Marquess of Tavistock ( created 1694 ) , Earl of Bedford ( 1550 ) , Baron Russell , of Cheneys ( 1539 ) , Baron Russell of Thornhaugh in the County of Northampton ( 1603 ) , and Baron Howland , of Streatham in the County of Surrey ( 1695 ) ( and possibly the Barony of Bedford , which was merged into it in 1138 , 1366 or 1414 ) . The courtesy title of the Duke of Bedford 's eldest son and heir is Marquess of Tavistock '' . Every Duke from the 5th Duke onwards is descended from Charles II of England . The family seat is Woburn Abbey , Bedfordshire . The private mausoleum and chapel of the Russell Family and the Dukes of Bedford is at St. Michael 's Church in Chenies , Buckinghamshire ( photo ) . The family owns The Bedford Estate in central London .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "298e7e2abb9c3ac5a2efe85795916333",
"text": "Wars of the Three Kingdoms The Wars of the Three Kingdoms , sometimes known as the British Civil Wars , formed an intertwined series of conflicts that took place in England , Ireland and Scotland between 1639 and 1651 . The English Civil War proper has become the best-known of these conflicts and included the execution of the kingdoms ' monarch , Charles I , by the English parliament in 1649 . The history of these wars is often extended to include the uprisings and conflicts that continued through the 1650s until the English Restoration of the monarchy with Charles II , in 1660 , and sometimes until Venner 's uprising the following year . The wars were the outcome of tensions over religious and civil issues . Religious disputes centred on whether religion was to be dictated by the monarch or the choice of the individual , with many people feeling that they ought to have freedom of religion . The related civil questions were to what extent the king 's rule was constrained by parliaments -- in particular his right to raise taxes and armed forces without consent . Furthermore , the wars also had an element of national conflict , as Ireland and Scotland rebelled against England 's primacy within the Three Kingdoms . The victory of the English Parliament -- ultimately under Oliver Cromwell -- over the king , the Irish and the Scots helped to determine the future of Great Britain and Ireland as a constitutional monarchy with political power centred on London . The wars included the Bishops ' Wars of 1639 and 1640 , the Scottish Civil War of 1644 -- 45 ; the Irish Rebellion of 1641 , Confederate Ireland , 1642 -- 49 and the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649 ( collectively the Eleven Years War or Irish Confederate Wars ) ; and the First , Second and Third English Civil Wars of 1642 -- 46 , 1648 -- 49 and 1650 -- 51 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c48e1ee4f18f7a6761b813d4faec7f81",
"text": "Richard of Lincoln (illegitimate son of Henry I of England) Richard of Lincoln ( b. before 1101 , d. 25 November 1120 ) was the illegitimate son of Henry I of England , born to Henry and a woman named Ansfride , widow of Aanskill ( origins unknown ) . She is often referred to as Henry 's third mistress . Richard was brought up and educated by Robert Bloet , the Bishop of Lincoln . Bloet had also educated Richard 's half-brother Robert , 1st Earl of Gloucester . Richard is sometimes confused with Richard de Lincoln , an Anglo-Norman prelate who died in 1203 . Richard supported his father in his war with Louis VI of France , although it is unclear at what point he joined the fight with the English forces . According to Orderic Vitalis , he avoided capture by French forces at Les Andelys in 1119 through the help of Ralph the Red of Pont-Echanfray . He continued to fight at his father 's side during the sieged the castle of Évreux being held by Henry 's most detested enemy , Amaury III de Montfort . His last known military adventure was at the battle of Brémule on 20 August 1119 , for which the decisive win by the English led to Louis ' accepting Richard 's half-brother William Adelin as Duke of Normandy . In 1120 , Richard became betrothed to Amice , the daughter of the defender of Brémule , Raoul II de Gael , seigneur of Gael and Montfort , son of Ralph de Gael , Earl of East Anglia . The marriage never took place as Richard died in the wreck of the White Ship on 25 November 1120 . Amice did not accompany him and lived until 1168 , marrying the king 's ward Robert de Beaumont , 2nd Earl of Leicester , and one of many descendents included Ida de Tosny , a mistress of Henry II Curtmantle , King of England .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1488eef2f350a3e200af1008da95602d",
"text": "Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet : the House of Lancaster ( associated with a red rose ) , and the House of York ( whose symbol was a white rose ) . The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487 ; however , there was fighting before and after this period between the houses . The power struggle ignited around social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years ' War , combined with the mental infirmity and weak rule of Henry VI which revived interest in Richard of York 's claim to the throne . Historians disagree about whether the Wars of the Roses were caused by the structural problems of bastard feudalism or Henry VI 's ineffectiveness as king . With the Duke of York 's death , the claim transferred to his heir , Edward , who later became the first Yorkist king of England , as Edward IV . His son reigned for 86 days as Edward V , but Parliament then decided that Edward and his brother Richard were illegitimate and offered the crown to Edward IV 's younger brother , who became Richard III . The two young princes disappeared within the confines of the Tower of London . The final victory went to a claimant of the Lancastrian party , Henry Tudor , Earl of Richmond , who defeated the last Yorkist king , Richard III , at the Battle of Bosworth Field . After assuming the throne as Henry VII , he married Elizabeth of York , the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV , thereby uniting the two claims . The House of Tudor ruled the Kingdom of England until 1603 , with the death of Elizabeth I , granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56225ea6a6fd016ca5a63a4072562025",
"text": "Battle of Carham The Battle of Carham ( c. 1018 ) ( also referred to as the Battle of Coldstream ) was fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Northumbrians at Carham on Tweed . ` Uhtred , son of Waldef , earl of the Northumbrians , fought the combined forces of Máel Coluim ( II ) mac Cináeda ( Malcolm son of Cyneth , king of Scots ) and Owain the Bald ( King of Strathclyde ) . Their combined forces defeated Earl Uhtred 's forces determining the eastern border of Scotland at the River Tweed . Written Records of the Battle Sources for the battle are scarce . Those that do mention the battle often include it in a survey of other events . The English sources only briefly discuss the battle . Three of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle manuscripts ( C , D , and E ) record the events leading to the conflict : `` Then -LSB- Atheling Edmund and Earl Uhtred -RSB- led an army into Staffordshire and into Shropshire and to Chester , and they ravaged on their side and Cnut on his side . He then went out through Buckinghamshire into Bedfordshire , from there to Huntingdonshire , and so into Northamptionshire , long the fen to Stamford , and then into Lincolnshire ; then from there to Nottinghamshire and so into Northumbria towards York . '' Mael Coluin and Owain grouped together `` near Caddonlea ( Selkirkshire ) -LSB- ... -RSB- where the Wedale road from Alba met the Tweeddale road from Strathclyde , lay at the northern edge of Ettick Forest ( roughly corresponding with to Selkirkshire in extent ) which formed a march ( an underdeveloped and sparsely populated border zone ) between Cumbria and Northumbria . '' Uhtred 's forces intercepted them before they crossed Cheviot . This interception meant that he did not have enough time to gather enough troops . Another source , De obsessione Dunelmi ( `` On the Siege of Durham '' ) , places the battle under the 1018 annul listing Uhtred as the Northumbrian army . The Dating Controversy Symeon of Durham ( 12th Century ) , using dependable Northumbrian materials , records in Historia Dunelmensis Ecclesie places the battle in 1018 ( `` without mention of Uhtred '' ) . Frank Stenton proposed and some scholars maintain that astronomical events referred to in accounts of the battle actually indicate 1016 . Symeon 's record of a comet 's visibility during the battle correlates with astronomical evidence from August 1018 . Stenton also contended that the death of Earl Uhtred in 1016 voids the argument for 1018 . Three versions of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle ( C , D , and E ) reference the death of Uhtred in the 1016 annul : `` When Uhtred learned this , he left his ravaging and hastened north-wards , and submitted then out of necessity , and with him all the Northumbrians and he gave hostages ; and nevertheless he was killed with him Thurketel , Nafena 's son ; and then after that the king ( Cnut ) appointed Eric for the Northumbrians , as their earl , just as Uhtred had been ; and then turned him southward by another route keeping to the west and the whole army then reached the ships before Easter . '' Stenton and C. Plummer argue that the earlier date of the battle used the 1016 annual 's inclusion of Uhtred 's death . Durham argues and Woolf supports that the mention is an aside from the scribe recording in 1018 or 1019 . De Obsessione Dunelmi ( c. 1165 ) supports Durham 's theory that the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle scribe is discussing the more recent death of Uhtred as it places his death following the events outlined in the English source under the 1018 annul . Significance The battle 's significance is a matter of controversy , especially in regard to the region of Lothian . Scottish historians claim Lothian was won for Scotland at Carham and that Scotland 's borders were expanded as a result ; Marjorie O. Anderson argues that the English king Edgar the Peaceful granted Lothian to Cináed ( II ) mac Maíl Coluim , King of Scots , in 973 . In English sources , the Battle of Carham is not given any special significance . Still others , such as G.W.S. Barrow hold , that `` What English annalists recorded as the ` cession ' of Lothian was ... the recognition by a powerful but extremely remote south-country king of a long-standing fait accompli . '' The Scot 's possession of what now constitutes the south-east of Scotland seems to have been recognized by kings of England , even when kings such as Cnut and William the Conqueror invaded , as they did not seek permanent control of the area . Aftermath After the battle of Carham , much of present-day Scotland was under the control of the King of Scots , although Norsemen still held sway in Ross , Caithness , Sutherland , and The Isles . The Lords of Galloway remained semi-independent . Scotland or Scotia referred to what constitutes present-day Scotland north of the Forth and Clyde ; it was not until the time of King Dabíd ( I ) mac Maíl Choluim that people in the south-east of the kingdom began to think of themselves as Scots . In his own charters ( e.g. to St Cuthbert 's in Edinburgh ) , he continued to refer to the men of Lothian as English . Woolf asserts that `` the likelihood is that these are under representative glimpses of a much longer conflict which escaped he detailed gaze of our chroniclers because far more interesting things were happening in Southumbria and Ireland at the time . '' The Carham 1018 Society The Scotland-based society 's mission statement is `` to investigate , raise awareness , and commemorate the Battle of Carham . '' The society 's website provides dates for `` public meetings , commemorative events , and future plans '' as well as excerpts from articles and archaeological findings pertaining to the battle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e603b3257d8323ea9bfa728495808cd2",
"text": "Edward III (disambiguation) Edward III of England ( 1312 -- 1377 ) was King of England from 1327 until his death . Edward III may also refer to : Edward III , Duke of Bar ( 1377 -- 1415 ) , who fought and died at the Battle of Agincourt during the Hundred Years ' War Edward III ( play ) , a play thought to be by William Shakespeare",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af88fde5e8b51a700701198ef5758d28",
"text": "Anglo-Saxon weaponry Many different weapons were created and used in Anglo-Saxon England between the fifth and eleventh centuries . Spears were the most common weapon , and were used for piercing and throwing ( in which case the spear would be called a javelin ) . Other commonplace weapons included the sword , axe , and knife -- bows and arrows , as well as slings , were not frequently used by the Anglo-Saxons . For defensive purposes , the shield was the most common item used by warriors , although mail and helmets were sometimes used . Weapons also had symbolic value for the Anglo-Saxons , apparently having strong connections to gender and social status . Weapons were commonly included as grave goods in the early Anglo-Saxon burials . The vast majority of these weapons were buried in male graves , but there were some exceptions . In a non-funerary context , weapons were occasionally deposited in the ground or near rivers . However , the establishment of a literate Christian clergy in Anglo-Saxon England resulted in the production of several textual sources which describe weapons and their usage in battle . Some of these literary sources include the poems Beowulf and The Battle of Maldon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87d5126edfd224467b5807556d966f6d",
"text": "Henry V of England Henry V ( 9 August 1386 -- 31 August 1422 ) was King of England from 1413 until his death at the age of 36 in 1422 . He was the second English monarch who came from the House of Lancaster . After military experience fighting the Welsh during the revolt of Owain Glyndŵr , and against the powerful aristocratic Percys of Northumberland at the Battle of Shrewsbury , Henry came into political conflict with his father , whose health was increasingly precarious from 1405 onward . After his father 's death in 1413 , Henry assumed control of the country and embarked on war with France in the ongoing Hundred Years ' War ( 1337 -- 1453 ) between the two nations . His military successes culminated in his famous victory at the Battle of Agincourt ( 1415 ) and saw him come close to conquering France . After months of negotiation with Charles VI of France , the Treaty of Troyes ( 1420 ) recognised Henry V as regent and heir apparent to the French throne , and he was subsequently married to Charles 's daughter , Catherine of Valois ( 1401 -- 37 ) . Following Henry V 's sudden and unexpected death in France two years later , he was succeeded by his infant son , who reigned as Henry VI ( 1422 -- 61 , 1470 -- 71 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3fe7eafe7002118de53e42adcbdae585",
"text": "Richard de Clare, Steward of Forest of Essex Richard de Clare ( after 1281 -- 10 May 1318 ) 1st Lord Clare was the son of Thomas de Clare , Lord of Thomond and Juliana FitzGerald . A descendant of Strongbow , he succeeded his older brother , Gilbert , in 1308 as Lord of Thomond . In 1309 , and then again between 1312 and 1316 , he was sheriff of Cork . Forced to put down a number of rebellions , he was eventually killed while commanding his forces at the Battle of Dysert O'Dea near what is now Ennis , County Clare . According to legend , the day before his death , Richard de Clare beheld a woman dressed in white on the river 's edge washing bloody clothing and armor . When he asked whose clothes they were , she replied , `` yours , '' and then vanished . This woman was believed to be a banshee foretelling his death the next day when he lay dead with his clothes caked in blood on the battlefield of Dysert O'Dea ( Lewis Spence , The Magical Arts in Celtic Britain 81 ( 1999 ) ) . Richard was succeeded by his son Thomas , who was born in 1318 and died three years later . A series of inquisitions post mortem that were held following a writ issued on 10 April 1321 established that Thomas ' heirs were his father 's sisters ; Margaret , the wife of Bartholomew de Badlesmere and Maud , the wife of Sir Robert de Welle . As well as stewardship of the Forest of Essex , Thomas ' estate included numerous properties in Ireland .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9ef0d8a8c27e40570e35f8d55a04d62",
"text": "Black Death in England The Black Death was a pneumonic plague pandemic , which reached England in June 1348 , and died down by December 1349 . It was the first and most severe manifestation of the Second Pandemic , caused by Yersinia pestis bacteria . The term `` Black Death '' was not used until the late 17th Century . Originating in China , it spread west along the trade routes across Europe and arrived on the British Isles from the English province of Gascony . The plague seems to have been spread by flea-infected rats , as well as individuals who had been infected on the continent . Rats were the reservoir hosts of the Y. pestis bacteria and the Oriental rat flea was the primary vector . The first known case in England was a seaman who arrived at Weymouth , Dorset , from Gascony in June 1348 . By autumn , the plague had reached London , and by summer 1349 it covered the entire country , before dying down by December . Low estimates of mortality in the early twentieth century have been revised upwards due to re-examination of data and new information , and a figure of 40 -- 60 % of the population is widely accepted . The English government handled the crisis well , and the country did not experience the extreme reactions that were seen elsewhere in Europe . The most immediate consequence was a halt to the campaigns of the Hundred Years ' War . In the long term , the decrease in population caused a shortage of labour , with subsequent rise in wages , resisted by the landowners , which caused deep resentment among the lower classes . The Peasants ' Revolt of 1381 was largely a result of this resentment , and even though the rebellion was suppressed , in the long term serfdom was ended in England . The Black Death also affected artistic and cultural efforts , and may have helped advance the use of the vernacular . In 1361 -- 62 the plague returned to England , this time causing the death of around 20 % of the population . After this the plague continued to return intermittently throughout the 14th and 15th centuries , in local or national outbreaks . From this point on its effect became less severe , and one of the last outbreaks of the plague in England was the Great Plague of London in 1665 -- 66 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
1986ae333b6eff9133c54e164c546628 | The Emoji Movie's release date is in July. | [
{
"docid": "811366deee5b8ea441468c36393357b0",
"text": "The Emoji Movie The Emoji Movie is an upcoming 2017 American 3D computer-animated buddy adventure comedy film written and directed by Tony Leondis and co-written by Eric Siegel and Mike White . It will star the voices of T.J. Miller , Anna Faris , James Corden , Patrick Stewart , Maya Rudolph , Steven Wright , Rob Riggle , Jennifer Coolidge , Jake T. Austin , Sofia Vergara , and Christina Aguilera . Produced by Sony Pictures Animation , the film is scheduled to be released on July 28 , 2017 , by Columbia Pictures .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "38682d92e33563adc9ff50d6c07cc5dd",
"text": "Punyakoti Punyakoti is an upcoming Sanskrit language Indian animation film directed by Ravi Shankar V. Punyakoti is the first Sanskrit animated movie that is likely to be completed in 2017 . The movie is crowd funded and crowd sourced . It is an adaptation of a picture book for children written by Ravishankar V.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "576767220a7a7999fa05b01cd54cab43",
"text": "Aloha (film) Aloha is a 2015 American romantic comedy-drama film written , produced and directed by Cameron Crowe . The film , starring Bradley Cooper , Emma Stone , Rachel McAdams , Bill Murray , John Krasinski , Danny McBride , and Alec Baldwin , was released on May 29 , 2015 . The film received negative reviews from critics , and has grossed only $ 26 million against a budget of $ 37 million , making the film a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5833d6e44c5474ba1ee796e31f93e186",
"text": "Like for Likes Like for Likes ( Korean : 좋아해줘 ) is a 2016 South Korean romantic comedy film directed by Park Hyun-jin . It was released in South Korea on February 17 , 2016 by CJ Entertainment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b9a79d47cc6d952d073a908b9e4716e",
"text": "Shimajirō to Ōkina Ki is a 2015 Japanese children 's live action/anime film . It 's the third film to feature the character Shimajirō . The theme song of the film is `` Hana no Nioi '' by Chara . The first part of the film is in live action and the second is animated . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47bcbd9e99219ecaf50c1d4c9ba121bd",
"text": "July (EP) July is a three-song EP released by Katatonia in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08cdafffeb0a265e23b584be8e69d30b",
"text": "Nezha (2017 film) Nezha ( Chinese : 大闹东海 ) is an upcoming Chinese fantasy comedy film directed and written by Jeffery Lau , based on the Chinese mythology of Nezha . It stars Leo Wu as the titular character . The film is slated for release in 2017 and will be available in 3D .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b10c9bcd676c7e74cfce41da3c523d08",
"text": "List of animated feature films of 2017 A list of animated feature films that will be released in 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7c76ebe2e5a1cdd894ed2e4f3c32dec",
"text": "July 16",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8421f6ade7dccef42a508ba603d915cc",
"text": "Barbie: Star Light Adventure Barbie : Star Light Adventure is a 2016 animated film and the second film in the fourth season of films in the Barbie film series . The movie was given a limited theatrical release in July 30 , 2016 and was released to home video in September 13 , 2016 . Mattel has released a toy line , a story book , and a comic , based on the film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f6a8ed95c7c945f1847d234b24a42da",
"text": "Say \"I love you\" is a Japanese manga by Kanae Hazuki . An anime adaptation by Zexcs aired between October 6 and December 30 , 2012 . In North America , the manga is published by Kodansha Comics USA and the anime is licensed by Sentai Filmworks . A live action film was released on July 12 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18cb6ed0b2394f9019fdfca3a71c2041",
"text": "Love Live! The School Idol Movie is a 2015 Japanese animated youth school music film . The film is part of the Love Live ! franchise by Sunrise , Lantis and Dengeki G 's Magazine , taking place after the second season of the 2013-2014 anime television series . The film was directed by Takahiko Kyōgoku , written by Jukki Hanada , produced by Sunrise , and distributed by Shochiku . The film was released in Japan on June 13 , 2015 and licensed in North America by NIS America . The film was the 9th highest-grossing Japanese film of the year in Japan with and was nominated for Animation of the Year at the 39th Japan Academy Prize .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "494d498b4f73126ce8f2130eae0fbb92",
"text": "When Larry Met Mary When Larry Met Mary is a 2016 Chinese romantic comedy film directed by Wen Zhang . It was released in China on July 15 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3617d03bda01cfba81fd6a6887259348",
"text": "Kawaii is the quality of cuteness in the context of Japanese culture . It has become a prominent aspect of Japanese popular culture , entertainment , clothing , food , toys , personal appearance , behavior , and mannerisms . The word kawaii originally derives from the phrase -LSB- : wikt : 顔映し , 顔映し -RSB- kao hayushi , which literally means '' ( one 's ) face ( is ) aglow , '' commonly used to refer to flushing or blushing of the face . The second morpheme is cognate with - bayu in mabayui ( 眩い or 目映い ) `` dazzling ; glaring , blinding , too bright '' ( ma - is from 目 me `` eye '' ) . Over time , the meaning changed into the modern meaning of `` cute '' , and the pronunciation changed to かわゆい kawayui and then to the modern かわいい kawaii . It is most commonly written in hiragana , かわいい , but the ateji , 可愛い , has also been appended . The kanji in the ateji literally translates to `` able to be loved , can/may love , lovable . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "126d5aac243a41a0892764ab04954c2a",
"text": "Kōdai-ke no Hitobito (film) is an upcoming Japanese romantic comedy film directed by , written by and starring Haruka Ayase and Takumi Saito . The film is based on the manga series of the same name by . It is scheduled for release in Japan by Toho on June 4 , 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "625e5484c1db45e71150675bb551891e",
"text": "Ordinary Person Ordinary Person is a 2017 South Korean film directed by Kim Bong-han , starring Son Hyun-joo and Jang Hyuk . It was released on 23 March 2017 . The film won critical acclaim and was screened at the 16th New York Asian Film Festival on 30 June 2017 , the 39th Moscow International Film Festival opening on 22 June , and the 31st Fukuoka Asian Film Festival opening on 6 July 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aeae9a32656b3843d5450e9a0bd392ad",
"text": "I (film) I ( also known as Shankar 's I ) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language romantic thriller film written and directed by Shankar and co-written by Subha . Produced and distributed by V. Ravichandran under his production company , Aascar Films , the film features Vikram and Amy Jackson in lead roles while Suresh Gopi , Upen Patel , Santhanam and Ramkumar Ganesan portray pivotal roles . The soundtrack and film score were composed by A. R. Rahman . Production design was handled by T. Muthuraj . P. C. Sreeram was the film 's cinematographer and editing was done by Anthony . The visual effects were designed by V. Srinivas Mohan through Rising Sun Pictures . Weta Workshop had worked on the digital and prosthetic make-up and background arts for the film . Principal photography commenced on 15 July 2012 . The filming lasted for two years and eight months , during which shooting was done extensively in China . Further schedules were filmed in locations in Chennai , Bangkok , Jodhpur , Kodaikanal , Pollachi , Bangalore and Mysore . The film was dubbed and released in Telugu and Hindi along with the Tamil version . The film , released on Pongal 2015 , tells the story of a body builder turned supermodel , played by Vikram , who after being deformed , exacts revenge upon those who were responsible for his predicament . Critics praised Vikram 's performance , the technical aspects of the film - especially the costume design and makeup , and A.R. Rahman 's soundtrack and score but criticised the ` wafer-thin ' writing and screenplay and the film 's excessive length ( 188 minutes ) . However , the film was a commercial success , grossing worldwide , becoming the fourth-highest grossing Tamil film and Vikram 's highest-grossing film at the time . Vikram won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor -- Tamil for the movie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbbc5163b4f594f71ef0c972ecfe775d",
"text": "Animation Block Party Animation Block Party is an annual animation film festival in New York City , usually held over three days in late July .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "189a42bb3598f6af1fa9c21937368792",
"text": "Koizora (film) is a 2007 film based on a cell phone novel of the same name . The film is directed by Natsuki Imai and it stars Yui Aragaki and Haruma Miura . Koizora debuted at the Japanese box office on 3 November 2007 . It grossed a total of US$ 36,684,020 in both Japanese and international box offices .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0993717646d269c6262eb15d6c27e68f",
"text": "Talk Talk Talk (film) is a 2007 Japanese youth romantic drama film directed by Hideyuki Hirayama .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b3298faa56899bef36921a99efee8b64 | Boston is known as an international center of education. | [
{
"docid": "09bb6d64d0e433e3416dbeeed68f351e",
"text": "Boston Boston ( pronounced -LSB- ˈbɒstən -RSB- ) is the capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts in the United States . Boston is also the seat of Suffolk County , although the county government was disbanded on July 1 , 1999 . The city proper covers 48 mi2 with an estimated population of 667,137 in 2015 , making it the largest city in New England and the 23rd most populous city in the United States . The city is the economic and cultural anchor of a substantially larger metropolitan area known as Greater Boston , a Metropolitan Statistical Area ( MSA ) home to a census-estimated 4.7 million people in 2014 and ranking as the tenth-largest such area in the country . Alternately , as a Combined Statistical Area ( CSA ) , this wider commuting region is home to some 8.1 million people , making it the sixth-largest as such in the United States . One of the oldest cities in the United States , Boston was founded on the Shawmut Peninsula in 1630 by Puritan settlers from England . It was the scene of several key events of the American Revolution , such as the Boston Massacre , the Boston Tea Party , the Battle of Bunker Hill , and the Siege of Boston . Upon U.S. independence from Great Britain , it continued to be an important port and manufacturing hub as well as a center for education and culture . Through land reclamation and municipal annexation , Boston has expanded beyond the original peninsula . Its rich history attracts many tourists , with Faneuil Hall alone drawing over 20 million visitors per year . Boston 's many firsts include the United States ' first public school , Boston Latin School ( 1635 ) , first subway system , the Tremont Street Subway ( 1897 ) , and first public park , Boston Common ( 1634 ) . The area 's many colleges and universities make Boston an international center of higher education , including law , medicine , engineering , and business , and the city is considered to be a world leader in innovation and entrepreneurship , with nearly 2,000 startups . Boston 's economic base also includes finance , professional and business services , biotechnology , information technology , and government activities . Households in the city claim the highest average rate of philanthropy in the United States ; businesses and institutions rank among the top in the country for environmental sustainability and investment . The city has one of the highest costs of living in the United States as it has undergone gentrification , though it remains high on world livability rankings .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "a9dce5c6226857aff9ac1308ca6f8b92",
"text": "Suffolk University Law School Suffolk University Law School ( also known as `` Suffolk Law School '' ) . Suffolk University Law School is a private , non-sectarian law school located in downtown Boston , Massachusetts . Suffolk University Law School was founded in 1906 by Gleason Archer , Sr. to provide a legal education for those who traditionally lacked the opportunity to study law because of socio-economic or racial discrimination . Suffolk is the fourth-oldest New England law school in continuous existence . The law school currently has both day and evening , part-time divisions . Suffolk University Law School has been accredited by the American Bar Association since 1953 and the Association of American Law Schools since 1977 . The school is located in Sargent Hall on Tremont Street in downtown Boston . Suffolk offers over 200 upper-level electives , the most of any law school in the country , and is consistently ranked one of the most technologically advanced schools in the nation . Suffolk publishes six law reviews , to which students , faculty , and other scholars contribute . Suffolk University Law School alumni are found in high-level judicial , political , and private positions throughout the United States . With over 25,000 alumni , Suffolk is the fourth largest law school in the United States . According to Suffolk Law 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 36.9 % of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e",
"text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c84714dd58d4d82edba408e692344c53",
"text": "Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine The Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine is the dental school at Boston University . Its curriculum is noted for the Applied Professional Experience ( APEX ) Program , which gives students practical experience at a dental practice as part of clinical training . GSDM is also noted for its student and faculty research and is ranked highly in the nation . The School has about 800 students in predoctoral and postdoctoral programs . The School can trace its origins to 1958 when the Boston University Medical School started a Department of Stomatology to provide postdoctoral education in dentistry . At that time , the institution was the only one in the country devoted solely to specialty education in dentistry . In 1963 , it became Boston University School of Graduate Dentistry under the leadership of Dean Henry M. Goldman . In 1970 , the School moved to 100 East Newton Street . In 1972 , the School included a predoctoral program leading to a DMD degree . In 1996 , the School had outgrown its designation as a school of graduate dentistry and , accordingly , was renamed the `` Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine '' to better reflect the scope of the School 's education , research , patient care , and community missions . In 2008 , Dr. Jeffrey W. Hutter was named Dean of Boston University Henry M. Goldman School of Dental Medicine . Under his leadership , the School has embarked on an Applied Strategic Planning Process , which will transform the School into the premier academic dental institution promoting excellence in dental education , research , oral health care , and community service to improve the overall health of the global population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cab9bac9af264dc4589bb1f154d7b4e1",
"text": "Boston University School of Law Boston University School of Law ( BU Law ) is a nationally recognized law school located in the heart of Boston University 's campus on Commonwealth Avenue in Boston , Massachusetts . Consistently ranked among the top American law schools , `` U.S. News and World Report '' currently ranks it 23rd in the country . Three specialties are in the top 10 , including Health Law ( # 2 ) , Tax Law ( # 7 ) , and Intellectual Property Law ( # 9 ) . Princeton Review ranks it 1st place nationally in `` Best Professors '' and 8th place for `` Best Classroom Experience . '' For the class of 2018 , the median student LSAT score was 164 and median GPA was 3.68 . BU was one of the first law schools in the country to admit students regardless of race or gender , the second-oldest law school in Massachusetts , and a charter member of the American Bar Association . Nearly 700 students are enrolled in the full-time J.D. degree program and about 350 in the School 's five LLM degree programs . The School offers more than 200 classes and seminars , 21 study abroad opportunities , and 17 dual degree programs . Students learn critical legal theory and doctrine in classes that average a 10.6:1 student/faculty ratio , while developing professional lawyering skills in the School 's 1L Lawyering Lab , civil and criminal law clinics , national and international externships , pro bono placements , and transactional law program . BU also pioneered a clinic to represent victims of human trafficking in Boston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62b2802d7835ba0a7eb0c7d20836aadb",
"text": "Academia Británica Cuscatleca The Academia Británica Cuscatleca ( ABC ) is a mixed bi-lingual bi-cultural school from Pre-Kinder to Grade 12 situated in Santa Tecla , El Salvador . The school has approximately 1,500 students in the Primary and Secondary Schools . The student body is mainly Central American with an increasing number of other international students . The language of instruction throughout the school is English with Spanish being used for a small number of classes . The school is accredited by the Council of International Schools , is an International Baccalaureate Diploma school , follows the International Primary Curriculum and a full International General Certificate of Secondary Education programme ( IGCSE ) . The United Kingdom Department for Education number of the school is 7036495 . The ABC is the school of the Fundación Escolar Británico Salvadoreña , a non-profit foundation established in 1970 to provide a British/Salvadoran international style education . The school is values based seeking to develop `` responsible outstanding citizens '' who will make a difference in the world . The school recently received the Values-based education Quality Mark following a visit by Dr. Neil Hawkes . The school actively promotes its agreed shared values through all aspect of school life . The school 's motto is ` effort leads to success ' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3936f19984e67ccb30a1aab7aabd0b38",
"text": "W. Dean Eastman W. Dean Eastman is a nationally recognized educator and writer who was born in Lawrence , Massachusetts on February 22 , 1948 , the son of Weston D. and Harriet Eastman . Eastman attended the Andover , MA Public Schools and , while a student at Andover High School , was a member of the Latin Club , a library assistant , won third place in the science fair , and won 8 athletic letters in football , indoor track , and outdoor track . In his senior year , Andover High won the Massachusetts All-Class Track and Field Championship . Eastman placed in the 200-meter dash and was a member of the 800-meter relay team that placed second . His classmates at Andover High included Tonight Show host Jay Leno and Emmy-Award winning soap opera writer Lorraine Broderick . Eastman attended Drake University from 1966-1970 . He was a member of the Bulldog Track team as a freshman . Eastman graduated from Drake in 1970 with a BSE in Social Science . Eastman received an MSE and Certificate of Advanced Graduate Study at Springfield College ( 1976 , 1977 ) . In 2000 he received an ALM degree with a concentration in Government from Harvard University . His thesis topic was `` The Influence of Immigration on the Development of Civic Education in the United States from 1880-1925 '' . Eastman is a recipient of Harvard University 's Derek Bok Prize for Public Service . He is an elected fellow at both the Massachusetts Historical Society and Colonial Society of Massachusetts , and served an eight-year term as one of eight members of Adams Family Papers Administration Committee from 2005-2013 . He also served on the boards of the Public Broadcasting System ( PBS ) , the National Teacher Source Advisory Group from 2004-2005 , and the Massachusetts Civil Liberties Union Education Steering Committee from 1990-2010 . Eastman has been selected for Who 's Who in the World and Who 's Who in America in every year from 2000-2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65392032384368ed2bc2b074dbcadeb4",
"text": "Sports in Boston Boston , the capital city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts and largest city in the New England region of the northeastern United States , is home to several major league sports teams , including the Red Sox ( baseball ) , the Celtics ( basketball ) and the Bruins ( ice hockey ) . The New England Patriots ( American football ) and the New England Revolution ( soccer ) play at Gillette Stadium in nearby Foxborough , Massachusetts . Several Boston-area colleges and universities are also active in college athletics . Sports are a major part of the city 's culture ( as well as the culture of the Greater Boston area ) . Boston sports fans are known for their fanatical devotion to the Red Sox and knowledge of the team 's history . Fenway Park , home of the Red Sox , is the oldest ballpark in Major League Baseball ( MLB ) and holds a legendary status among baseball fans . Boston is the only city in professional sports in which all facilities are privately owned and operated . The Patriots own Gillette Stadium , the Red Sox own Fenway Park , and TD Garden is owned by Delaware North , owner of the Bruins . The Celtics rent TD Garden from Delaware North . In the 2000s , Boston 's professional teams had arguably the most successful decade in sports history , winning ten championships ( five by the Patriots , three by the Red Sox and one each by the Celtics and Bruins ) . When the Bruins won the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , the city of Boston became the first city in the 21st century to have all four of its major professional league teams win a league championship , and it is the only city ever to have championships in all four major professional leagues within a ten-year span ( from the Patriots ' victory in February 2002 to the Bruins ' in June 2011 ) . In just ten years , between February 2002 and June 2011 , Boston 's teams completed what Sports Illustrated dubbed as the `` Grand Slam of North American sports . '' With the Patriots ' victory over the Seattle Seahawks in Super Bowl XLIX , the four major Boston-area sports teams completed a grand-slam in six years ( the 2008 Celtics , the 2011 Bruins , the 2013 Red Sox and the 2014 Patriots ) . Beyond that , several of the teams were league finalists : the Revolution four times , the Patriots twice and the Bruins and Celtics once apiece . With the Bruins reaching the 2011 Stanley Cup Finals , this allowed Boston to join Philadelphia as being the only cities to have had all of their teams play in each of the four major North American professional sports leagues ' title rounds since 2000 , following the Patriots in Super Bowls XXXVI in 2002 , XXXVIII in 2004 , XXXIX in 2005 , XLII in 2008 , XLVI in 2012 , XLIX in 2015 , and LI in 2017 and winning all of them , except Super Bowl XLII and XLVI , the Red Sox winning World Series titles in ( ending the Curse of the Bambino ) , , and , and the Celtics in the NBA Finals in and and winning in 2008 . In addition , Boston beat out Philadelphia for playing in all of the `` big '' league championship rounds in the shortest time in the new millennium , as it took 9 years for Philadelphia to achieve this feat ; Boston needed only three years and eight months . From 2004 to 2015 , all four Boston major league teams have each reached the championship rounds two times or more .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c71ebf03ffac4ca7024ed2b37e22aad9",
"text": "Boston Lyceum (disambiguation) Boston Lyceum may refer to : in Boston , Massachusetts Boston Lyceum for the Education of Young Ladies ( est. 1811 ) , school overseen by John Park Boston Lyceum periodical , ca. 1827 Boston Lyceum ( est. 1829 ) , civic association for popular education , lectures , debates , etc. . Boston Lyceum , a theatre on Sudbury Street , -LSB- ca.1848-1851 ? -RSB- Boston Lyceum Bureau ( est. 1868 ) , commercial booking agency for lecturers and performers Lyceum Theatre , Washington Street , -LSB- ca.1890s-1900s ? -RSB- Boston Lyceum School , -LSB- ca.1910s-1930s ? -RSB- Category : Disambiguation pages",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d8ba2bd625a033d72734f00a4531c48",
"text": "Business English Business English is a part of English for specific purposes and can be considered a specialism within English language learning and teaching . Many non-native English speakers study the subject with the goal of doing business with English-speaking countries , or with companies located outside the English-speaking world but which nonetheless use English as a shared language or lingua franca . Much of the English communication that takes place within business circles all over the world occurs between non-native speakers . In cases such as these , the object of the exercise is efficient and effective communication . The strict rules of grammar are in such cases sometimes ignored , when , for example , a stressed negotiator 's only goal is to reach an agreement as quickly as possible . ( See linguist Braj Kachru 's theory of the `` expanding circle '' . ) Business English means different things to different people . For some , it focuses on vocabulary and topics used in the worlds of business , trade , finance , and international relations . For others it refers to the communication skills used in the workplace , and focuses on the language and skills needed for typical business communication such as presentations , negotiations , meetings , small talk , socializing , correspondence , report writing , and a systematic approach . In both of these cases it can be taught to native speakers of English , for example , high school students preparing to enter the job market . Business English is a variant of international English . One can study it at a college or university . Institutes around the world have courses or modules in BE available , which can lead to a degree in the subject .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34794fadc1c7c3d2d80a6e1184bcd9aa",
"text": "Bangkok School of Management Bangkok School of Management ( BSM ) is an educational institution in Thailand , established in 1998 , which offers courses in business and management . It is located on the 16th floor of the Amarin Plaza in the Ratchaprasong area of Bangkok . The school operated initially as an American Degree programme provider in partnership with Southern New Hampshire University , USA . Due to natural evolution and academic demand , the institution had gradually evolved to be focusing more on UK and European curriculum based education , and to fill a void within this academic space . As of current , BSM is the Official Learning Support Centre for Northumbria University , Newcastle UK , for the undergraduate programme , and IPE Management School Paris for the post graduate Master of Business Administration ( MBA programme ) . Student and faculty profile Approximately 80 % of the students and 70 % of the faculty members come from an international background , positioning BSM as one of the only educational institutions in the region with an international approach to education . The students and staff come from a range of different countries , representing the continents of Europe , Asia , Australasia . All of the classes at BSM are conducted in English . Undergraduate programme BSM offers a `` 2 +1 '' undergraduate programme , providing students the possibility of completing their first two years of undergraduate study in Bangkok , and the final year of their bachelor 's degree either in Thailand itself , or directly in the UK at Northumbria University 's main campus in Newcastle . There are two bachelor 's degree programmes offered to students through this pathway : 1 ) BA ( Hons ) Leadership and Management 2 ) BSc ( Hons ) Business and Management Post Graduate programme As the Official Support Centre for IPE Management School , BSM launched the only internationally accredited European MBA programme in Thailand , in July 2015 . This is a blended learning system , giving the students the option to attend two classes per module , complimented by private online study . There are a total of 8 modules to be completed + 1 dissertation ( study period of between 12 -- 18 months ) . Upon graduation , students will receive a MBA degree from IPE Management School of Paris , a `` Grande Ecole '' within the Reseau des Grandes Ecoles Specialisees ( GES ) , a level 1 accreditation in France . BSM Tutor BSM provides university preparedness tutorials , focused on areas such as business and academic English ( IELTS , TOEFL , TOIEC ) , mathematics , and general one on hour tutorial support which can be customized to the needs of the student . Training Apart from the academic and student support programmes provided , BSM also offers training in the area of corporate development and personal development , with over 1000 people trained from a variety of different companies and fields within the ASEAN region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a6dbf9fa7f29b4b36747b709e32b482",
"text": "Boston (disambiguation) Boston is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Massachusetts . Boston may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9982c220db860073f55f36cee76e93e0",
"text": "National Center on Time & Learning The National Center on Time & Learning ( NCTL ) is a Boston-based non-profit dedicated to expanded learning time to improve student achievement and enable a well-rounded education . Through research , public policy , and technical assistance , NCTL supports national , state , and local initiatives that add significantly more school time for academic and enrichment opportunities to help all children meet the demands of the 21st century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b694867b91e98182cab801cba7d9d149",
"text": "Buenos Aires International Christian Academy Buenos Aires International Christian Academy , abbreviated `` BAICA '' , is a pre-K through Grade 12 International school in San Fernando , Buenos Aires Province , in Greater Buenos Aires . BAICA is a member of the Association of Christian Schools International ( ACSI ) , and the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools ( SACS ) . There are more than 20 nationalities represented within the student body whose families represent the diplomatic , missionary , international business and local communities . BAICA provides a Christian education and offers small class sizes . It is open to children of any faith . The curriculum is based on an international system of education . In addition to the core subjects of Math , English , Social Studies and Science , courses in Spanish , Bible , Fine Arts , Computer Studies and Physical Education are part of the curriculum . BAICA also offers Advanced Placement ( AP ) classes , and Honors classes . Most of the classes are taught in English by certified American teachers . Students also take part in extracurricular activities such as violin , guitar , singing , drama , musicals , journalism , outreach teams and service clubs . Students of BAICA graduate with dual degrees : U.S. and Argentine . The academic goal of BAICA is that graduates will be prepared to enter U.S. or other western Universities and Colleges . The daily schedule is from 8:30 am to 4:00 pm and the school year is divided in two semesters : August to December and February to June . It is unusual in comparison with Argentine schools because BAICA 's school year starts in August , in keeping with a more US or international based calendar , whereas the Argentine school year begins in February .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0d798ac3f6409c61737600fa62ba8e6",
"text": "New England School of Law New England Law | Boston ( also known as NESL or New England Law and formerly known as the New England School of Law ) is a private law school located in the Boston Theater District of Boston , Massachusetts . It was founded in 1908 as a law school for women . According to NESL 's 2013 ABA-required disclosures , 40.6 % of the Class of 2013 obtained full-time , long-term , JD-required employment nine months after graduation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c41f8429b1a672181c3367e5e1cc265e",
"text": "Higher education in the United States Higher education in the United States is an optional final stage of formal learning following secondary education . Higher education , also referred to as post-secondary education , third stage , third level , or tertiary education occurs most commonly at one of the 4,726 Title IV degree-granting institutions , either colleges or universities in the country . These may be public universities , private universities , liberal arts colleges , community colleges , or for-profit colleges . High visibility issues include greater use of the Internet , such as massive open online courses , competency-based education , cutbacks in state spending , rapidly rising tuition and increasing student loans . According to the National Student Clearinghouse , US college enrollment has declined for five consecutive years and is projected to continue declining for the next two decades . Strong research and funding have helped make American colleges and universities among the world 's most prestigious , making them particularly attractive to international students , professors and researchers in the pursuit of academic excellence . Unlike the tertiary education system of the UK and Australia , American education is unique in the world to place strong emphasis on Liberal Arts education in its higher education curriculum .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "844709134a93cc12a251c3cc4b169300",
"text": "Harvard Department of Social Relations The Department of Social Relations for Interdisciplinary Social Science Studies , more commonly known as the `` Department of Social Relations '' was an interdisciplinary collaboration among three of the social science departments at Harvard University ( anthropology , psychology , and sociology ) beginning in 1946 . Originally , the program was headquartered in Emerson Hall at Harvard before moving to William James Hall in 1965 . While the name `` Social Relations '' is often associated with the program 's long-time chair and guiding spirit , sociologist Talcott Parsons , many major figures of mid-20th-century social science also numbered among the program 's faculty , including psychologists Gordon Allport ( personality and motivation ) , Jerome Bruner ( cognitive psychology and narrative analysis ) , Roger Brown ( social psychology and psycholinguistics ) , and Henry Murray ( personality ) ; anthropologists Clyde and Florence Kluckhohn ( value orientations ) , John and Beatrice Whiting ( cross-cultural child development ) , Evon Z. Vogt ( comparative religion ) ; and sociologist Alex Inkeles ( Soviet studies and national character ) . Many of its graduate students also went on to be major figures in U.S. social sciences during the latter part of the twentieth century ; their work tends towards strong interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary approaches . Allport and Boring discussed the origins of the department 's name in the April 1946 issue of the American Psychologist : While -LSB- academic -RSB- departmental lines have remained rigid , there has been developing during the last decade , a synthesis of socio-cultural and psychological sciences which is widely recognized within the academic world in spite of the fact that there is no commonly accepted name to designate the synthesis . We propose that Harvard adopt , and thus help establish , the term Social Relations to characterize the emerging discipline which deals not only with the body of fact and theory traditionally recognized as the subject matter of sociology , but also with that portion of psychological science that treats the individual within the social system , and that portion of anthropological science that is particularly relevant to the social and cultural patterns of literate societies . Social Relations sponsored or collaborated in a number of research studies characterized by explicit cross-cultural comparisons and multidisciplinary approaches to problems of policy or social theory . Major projects included the Six Cultures Study ( headed by John and Beatrice Whiting , an anthropological study of child development in six different cultures , including a New England Baptist community ; a Philippine barrio ; an Okinawan village ; an Indian village in Mexico ; a northern Indian caste group ; and a rural tribal group in Kenya ) ; a multidisciplinary analysis of Soviet culture and society , published in part as How the Soviet System Works ; and the Comparative Study of Values in Five Cultures during the 1950s , which examined five very different communities living in the same region of Texas : Zuni , Navajo , Mormon ( LDS ) , Spanish-American ( Mexican-American ) , and Texas Homesteaders . The curriculum of the Harvard Social Relations had four inter-related components : Sociology ; Social Psychology ; Social Anthropology ; and Personality Theory . The program disaggregated into its component departments around 1972 , though a certain interdisciplinarity remained throughout the 1970s . A similar program at Yale , the Institute for Human Relations , also now disbanded , developed the Human Relations Area Files ( HRAF ) , a cross-cultural database for comparative research , administered by Carol and Melvin Ember .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "463112a6f1e78cfea67635628f0c0991",
"text": "Faneuil Hall Faneuil Hall ( -LSB- ˈfænjəl -RSB- or -LSB- ˈfænəl -RSB- previously -LSB- ˈfʌnəl -RSB- ) , located near the waterfront and today 's Government Center , in Boston , Massachusetts , has been a marketplace and a meeting hall since 1743 . It was the site of several speeches by Samuel Adams , James Otis , and others encouraging independence from Great Britain . Now it is part of Boston National Historical Park and a well-known stop on the Freedom Trail . It is sometimes referred to as `` the Cradle of Liberty '' . In 2008 , Faneuil Hall was rated number 4 in America 's 25 Most Visited Tourist Sites by Forbes Traveler .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa08818a6d23e57ac86b469a4bd9017c",
"text": "List of diplomatic missions in Boston This is a list of diplomatic missions in Boston ( and surrounding environs of `` Greater '' or `` Metro-Boston '' ) . These countries have established a resident consular presence to provide diplomatic and trade representation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a97a38553f59ec852089e898f524cea",
"text": "International House World Organisation International House World Organisation is a worldwide network of 160 language schools and teacher training institutes in 56 countries . International House was founded in 1953 by John Haycraft and his wife Brita Haycraft in Cordoba ( Spain ) , to provide an innovative approach to language teaching . At that time formal programmes of training for teachers of English as a Foreign Language were almost non-existent . John Haycraft was the first to introduce formalised teacher training in 1962 , and the course International House developed in the 1960s and 1970s became first the Royal Society of Arts Certificate in teaching English , and then the current CELTA training course organised by Cambridge ESOL . Teaching at International House schools broadly follows what is often called the `` communicative method '' , which focuses on student to student interaction as opposed to the teacher-centred approach of traditional language teaching . However , since the mid-nineties , this has been augmented into what is called ` principled eclecticism ' to incorporate lexical , task-based and generally more ` function-based ' approaches to language learning and teaching .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "776c29608ba2787bb7a952eb7b5f5c59",
"text": "German Scholars Boston German Scholars Boston , also known as German Scholars Agency , and abbreviated as GSA or GSB , is an independent organization of more than 12,000 German-speaking scholars , alumni and professionals living and working in Cambridge or the greater Boston area interested in Germanic culture . It comprises scientists , scholars , students , fellows , post-docs and alumni from all major universities in the area , such as Harvard University , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Boston University and Tufts University , as well as professionals from different companies , and people from government - and non-governmental organizations . It has more than 6000 alumni . GSB provides a forum for its members to meet , discuss , exchange ideas and vital information . GSB invites to specific cultural and social events to get together on a regular basis .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a7c1fddbf1d8e4beaee7f0a8acdc431b | Didier Drogba is not a former team captain. | [
{
"docid": "f8ce080b997c39f119f32ae02a2cdd71",
"text": "Didier Drogba Didier Yves Drogba Tébily ( -LSB- didje dʁɔɡba -RSB- ; born 11 March 1978 ) is an Ivorian professional footballer who plays as a striker for American club Phoenix Rising FC . He is the all-time top scorer and former captain of the Ivory Coast national team . He is best known for his career at Chelsea , for whom he has scored more goals than any other foreign player and is currently the club 's fourth highest goal scorer of all time . He has been named African Footballer of the Year twice , winning the accolade in 2006 and 2009 . After playing in youth teams , Drogba made his professional debut aged 18 for Ligue 2 club Le Mans , and signed his first professional contract aged 21 . After finishing the 2002 -- 03 season with 17 goals in 34 appearances for Ligue 1 side Guingamp , he moved to Olympique de Marseille , where he finished as the third highest scorer in the 2003 -- 04 season with 19 goals and helped the club reach the 2004 UEFA Cup Final . In the summer of 2004 , Drogba moved to Premier League club Chelsea for a club record # 24 million fee , making him the most expensive Ivorian player in history . In his debut season he helped the club win their first league title in 50 years , and a year later he won another Premier League title . In March 2012 , he became the first African player to score 100 Premier League goals , and also became the only player in history to score in four separate FA Cup finals the same year , when he scored in Chelsea 's win over Liverpool in the 2012 final . He also played in the 2012 UEFA Champions League Final , in which he scored an 88th-minute equaliser and the winning penalty in the deciding shoot-out against Bayern Munich . After spending 6 months with Shanghai Shenhua in China , and one and a half seasons with Turkish club Galatasaray where he scored the winning goal in the final of the 2013 Turkish Super Cup , Drogba returned to Chelsea in July 2014 . With a career record of scoring 10 goals in 10 finals winning 10 trophies at club level , Drogba has been referred to as the `` ultimate big game player . '' An Ivory Coast international between 2002 and 2014 , Drogba captained the national team from 2006 until his retirement from the Ivory Coast team and is the nation 's all-time top goalscorer with 65 goals from 104 appearances . He led the Ivory Coast to the 2006 FIFA World Cup , their first appearance in the tournament , and also scored their first goal . He later captained the Ivory Coast at the 2010 and 2014 FIFA World Cups . He was part of the Ivory Coast teams that reached the final of the Africa Cup of Nations in 2006 and 2012 , but were beaten on penalties on both occasions . On 8 August 2014 , he announced his retirement from international football .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6c1d80054beddbf64e60a73e560cbdc1",
"text": "Aviron Bayonnais FC Aviron Bayonnais Football Club ( -LSB- a.vi.ʁɔ̃ ba.jɔ.nɛ -RSB- ; commonly referred to as simply Bayonne ) is a French association football club based in Bayonne . The club is a part of a sports club that was formed in 1904 that is also known for its rugby union club . The football club was founded in 1935 and currently play in the Championnat de France Amateur 2 , the fifth level of French football . Bayonne plays its home matches at the Stade Didier Deschamps located in the city . It is named after Bayonne native , former youth player and the 1998 FIFA World Cup and UEFA Euro 2000 winning captain Didier Deschamps , who also played for Marseille and Juventus .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbed99f6a8bb9d2d8e4f0d83b8eee0ba",
"text": "Didier Bassamagne Moundoubou Didier Bassamagne Moundobou ( born June 1 , 1992 in Yaoundé ) is a Cameroonian football player . He currently plays for ES Sétif in the Algerian Ligue Professionnelle 1 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e2a7c46116f7431c323dc993c740bb1",
"text": "France Football European Team of the Year The France Football European Team of the Year ( offic . fr . Challenge Européen de Football ) , also known as European Challenge Interclubs , was an association football award conferred by French sports magazine France Football with the sponsorship of German multinational corporation Adidas , and was held in Europe for the first time in 1968 based in clubs ' performance in seasonal association and UEFA competitions . The award was officially discontinued following the Adidas decision of not renewing its commercial contract with the French publication after it awarded the 1990 winner teams in a gala held in Paris , in January 1991 . Subsequently , the Germany 's designs and manufacturers corporation became the main sponsor of the FIFA World Player of the Year Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd527472be67eb0bff9f9693e9813fae",
"text": "Mathieu Valbuena Mathieu Valbuena ( -LSB- ma.tjø val.bwe.na -RSB- ; born 28 September 1984 ) is a French international footballer who plays for Ligue 1 club Lyon and the France national team . He plays as an attacking midfielder and a winger and is known for his pace , technical ability , and tenacious style of play . He is described by his former coach at Libourne Saint-Seurin Didier Tholot as `` an explosive player who is capable of quickly taking two opponents out of the game to create space , above all due to his dribbling skills . '' Due to his small stature , Valbuena is nicknamed le petit vélo , which translates to `` the small bike '' . This is a play on Valbuena 's size and the fact that Marseille 's home ground is called the Stade Vélodrome . Valbuena began his career at professional club Bordeaux . He was let go from the club after two seasons and subsequently joined amateur club Langon-Castets in the fifth division of French football . In 2004 , Valbuena joined Libourne Saint-Seurin in the Championnat National , the third level of French football . The midfielder had a good 2005 -- 06 season with the club and signed with Ligue 1 club Marseille , prior to the 2006 -- 07 season . With Marseille , Valbuena played in the UEFA Champions League for the first time and , in the 2009 -- 10 season , was part of the team that won the league and league cup double , as well as the Trophée des champions . Valbuena is a French international and made his debut with the team in May 2010 in a friendly match against Costa Rica . He scored his first international goal in the same match and was named to the team to participate in the 2010 FIFA World Cup as a result . Valbuena appeared in only one of the three matches France contested at the World Cup . In November 2010 , he scored his second career international goal against England at Wembley Stadium .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "403999b9fec0304054e259f69d38a731",
"text": "Hong Kong national football team The Hong Kong national football team , represents Hong Kong in international association football competitions such as the FIFA World Cup , AFC Asian Cup and East Asian Football Championship . The team is represented and supervised by the Hong Kong Football Association , the governing body for football in Hong Kong . Although usually known as simply Hong Kong , the EAFF refer to the team as Hong Kong , China . The team had been representing Hong Kong in international football events before 1997 when Hong Kong was a colony of the United Kingdom . It continues to represent Hong Kong even after Hong Kong was handed over to the People 's Republic of China by the United Kingdom and became a special administrative region of the People 's Republic of China in 1997 . This team is a separate team from the national team of the People 's Republic of China , as the Basic Law and the principle of `` One country , two systems '' allows Hong Kong to maintain its own representative teams in international sports competitions . In Hong Kong , the Hong Kong football team is colloquially referred as the `` Hong Kong team '' ( Chinese : 香港隊 ) , while the Chinese national team is referred as the `` national team '' ( Chinese : 國家隊 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d232f392c0fe37d31573f396226b6de9",
"text": "UEFA Euro 2016 The 2016 UEFA European Championship , commonly referred to as UEFA Euro 2016 or simply Euro 2016 , was the 15th UEFA European Championship , the quadrennial international men 's football championship of Europe organised by UEFA . It was held in France from 10 June to 10 July 2016 . Spain were the two-time defending champions , having won the 2008 and 2012 tournaments , but were eliminated in the round of 16 by Italy . Portugal won the tournament for the first time , following a 1 -- 0 victory after extra time over the host team , France , in the final played at the Stade de France . For the first time , the European Championship final tournament was contested by 24 teams , having been expanded from the 16-team format used since 1996 . Under the new format , the finalists contested a group stage consisting of six groups of four teams , followed by a knockout phase including three rounds and the final . Nineteen teams -- the top two from each of the nine qualifying groups and the best third-placed team -- joined France in the final tournament , who qualified automatically as hosts ; a series of two-legged play-off ties between the remaining third-placed teams in November 2015 decided the last four finalist spots . France was chosen as the host nation on 28 May 2010 , after a bidding process in which they beat Italy and Turkey for the right to host the 2016 finals . The matches were played in ten stadiums in ten cities : Bordeaux , Lens , Lille Métropole , Décines-Charpieu , Marseille , Nice , Paris , Saint-Denis , Saint-Étienne , and Toulouse . It was the third time that France hosted the finals , after the inaugural tournament in 1960 and the 1984 finals . As the winners , Portugal earned the right to compete at the 2017 FIFA Confederations Cup in Russia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b10d49e4f357effacdacadafce330f5",
"text": "History of FC Barcelona The history of Futbol Club Barcelona goes from the football club 's founding in 1899 and up to current time . FC Barcelona , also known simply as Barcelona and familiarly as Barça , is based in Barcelona , Catalonia , Spain . The team was founded in 1899 by a group of Swiss , English and Spanish footballers led by Joan Gamper . The club played amateur football until 1910 in various regional competitions . In 1910 , the club participated in their first of many European competitions , and has since amassed ten UEFA trophies and a sextuple . In 1928 , Barcelona co-founded La Liga , the top-tier in Spanish football , along with a string of other clubs . As of 2016 , Barcelona has never been relegated from La Liga , a record they share with Athletic Bilbao and arch-rival Real Madrid . The history of super Barcelona has often been political . Though it is a club created and run by foreigners , Barcelona gradually became a club associated with Catalan values . In Spain 's transition to autocracy in 1925 , Catalonia became increasingly hostile towards the central government in Madrid . The hostility enhanced Barcelona 's image as a focal point for Catalonism , and when Francisco Franco banned the use of the Catalan language , the stadium of Barcelona became one of the few places the people could express their dissatisfaction . The Spanish transition to democracy in 1978 has not dampened the club 's image of Catalan pride . In the 2000s -- a period of sporting success in the club and an increased focus on Catalan players -- club officials have openly called for Catalonia to become an independent state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3701e78b3deb17dc8db04710b919349d",
"text": "FLN football team The FLN football team ( in -LSB- Media : Ar-FLN soccer team.oga , فريق جبهة التحرير الوطني لكرة القدم -RSB- , in Équipe du FLN de football ) , also known as Le onze de l'indépendance ( The eleven of the Independence ) was a team made up mainly of professional players in France , who then joined the Algerian independence movement of the National Liberation Front ( FLN ) , and assisted in organizing football matches against national football teams .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a1301a4e56215779e5ba2099c9c7992",
"text": "Arhiba FC Arhiba FC , or simply Arhiba , is a Djiboutian football club located in Arhiba , Djibouti . It currently plays in the Djibouti Premier League .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "982d6001f1527828a22d2f7c406a0734",
"text": "Fla–Flu Fla -- Flu ( truncation of Flamengo-Fluminense ) is an association football match between cross-town rivals Flamengo and Fluminense . Matches take place in the 78,000-seat Maracanã Stadium , located near downtown Rio de Janeiro , in the city 's Maracanã district . The world record football match attendance between clubs is a Fla 0-0 Flu with 194,603 ( 177,656 paid ) in 1963 . The moniker Fla -- Flu was coined by the journalist Mário Filho during the professionalization of Rio de Janeiro 's football . Flamengo is the most successful team in Rio State Championship by one championship . Flamengo has won it 33 times while Fluminense has won 31 . Flamengo has won 6 Brazilian National Championships , as defined by the CBF , the 1987 Copa União ( an independent league organised by the Club of 13 ) and 3 Brazilian Cups . Fluminense has won 4 Brazilian National Championships and 1 Brazilian Cup . Fluminense has won the Copa Rio , which it claims to be equivalent to an intercontinental club tournament . Flamengo has won one Libertadores Cup and one Intercontinental Cup , both in 1981 . Fluminense is the only team in the world that holds the IOC 's Olympic Cup ( `` Coupe Olympique '' or `` Taça Olímpica '' ) , a non-competitive award for distinguished service in upholding the ideals of the Olympic Movement and to recognise the particular merits of institutions or associations and their services rendered to sport , conquered in 1949 . The rivalry between these two clubs began in October 1911 , when a group of dissatisfied players from Fluminense left the club , and went to Flamengo , which at the time had no football department . The first Fla -- Flu ever was played the following year , on July 7 , 1912 at Laranjeiras stadium . Fluminense won this match 3-2 , with 800 people in attendance . The Fla -- Flu matches are mentioned in Lamartine Babo 's unofficial , but very popular , Flamengo anthem composed in 1942 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e979806df9a9af0cb1108f488955f9d",
"text": "Football in Ivory Coast Football is a popular sport in Côte d'Ivoire . The national team won the Africa Cup of Nations in Senegal in 1992 . In 2006 they participated in the 2006 World Cup in Germany . The youth national teams have also done well in world championships , and the clubs from Côte d'Ivoire have won several continental titles . Among famous players from the country are Kolo Touré of Liverpool , Chelsea striker and former national team captain , Didier Drogba , Wilfried Bony and Yaya Touré of Manchester City , Gervinho and Seydou Doumbia of Roma , and Salomon Kalou of Hertha Berlin . The Ivory Coast national team won a second African cup of nations in 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47cf7fc8338ef801c524c327890eafe0",
"text": "Didier Ibrahim Ndong Didier Ibrahim Ndong ( born 17 June 1994 ) is a Gabonese footballer , who plays as a midfielder for Premier League club Sunderland and the Gabonese national team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d75627b57504a2ff81be009d0a1c37c1",
"text": "FC Nantes Football Club de Nantes ( , Gallo : Naunnt ) , commonly referred to as FC Nantes or simply Nantes ( -LSB- nɑ̃t -RSB- ) , is a French association football club based in Nantes , Pays de la Loire . The club was founded on 21 April 1943 , during World War II , as a result of local clubs based in the city coming together to form one large club . From 1992 to 2007 , the club was referred to as FC Nantes Atlantique before reverting to its current name at the start of the 2007 -- 08 season . Nantes currently play in Ligue 1 , the first division of French football . The first-team is currently managed by Sérgio Conceição and captained by goalkeeper Rémy Riou . Nantes is one of the most successful clubs in French football , having won eight Ligue 1 titles , three Coupe de France wins and attained one Coupe de la Ligue victory . The club is famous for its jeu à la nantaise ( `` Nantes-style play '' ) , its collective spirit , mainly advocated under coaches José Arribas , Jean-Claude Suaudeau and Raynald Denoueix and for its youth system , which has produced players such as Marcel Desailly , Didier Deschamps , Mickaël Landreau , Claude Makélélé , Christian Karembeu and Jérémy Toulalan . As well as Les Canaris ( The Canaries ) , Nantes is also nicknamed Les jaunes et verts ( The Green and Yellows ) and La Maison Jaune ( The Yellow House ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "886108c22d1bff2ea861abda066d26ad",
"text": "Saint-Martin national football team The Saint-Martin national football team is the football team of Saint-Martin , the French half of Saint Martin island which was previously part of the French overseas department of Guadeloupe ( not to be confused with the team of the Dutch half , the Sint Maarten national football team ) and is controlled by the Comité de Football des Îles du Nord . Saint-Martin is not a member of FIFA , and is therefore not eligible to enter the World Cup , but it does compete in CONCACAF competitions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8275b571b0a886f1876196daf6599b5",
"text": "Football in Bangladesh Throughout history , football has been the most popular sport in Bangladesh and is governed by the Bangladesh Football Federation ( BFF ) . Compared to the past , the standard of Bangladeshi football has degraded due to mismanagement , lack of support and poor investment . An interest in cricket resulting from the nation 's success in Test Cricket and participation in the Cricket World Cup overshadowed the past fame in the nation 's football . But however this did not affect football 's popularity . More football tournaments are organized in and outside Dhaka than of any other sports and football fever grips the nation during every FIFA World Cup . Federation officials and experts are still hopeful about the development of football in the country in the next ten years despite financial obstacles and lack of professionalism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd39b835a7cc46c202878eed7dd64f10",
"text": "Belgian Golden Shoe In association football , the Belgian Golden Shoe ( Gouden Schoen , Soulier d'Or ) is an award given in Belgium at the beginning of each civil year to the best footballer of the Belgian First Division for the past year . The trophy is sponsored by the Belgian newspaper Het Laatste Nieuws . The voters are a selection of Belgian press specialists and football personalities . They are invited to vote for the best player of the competition for both half seasons ( previous season second half and current season first half ) . As a result , a player can receive all of his votes in one half season ( e.g. if he joined the championship from abroad during summer ) , or he can receive votes for matches with two ( or more ) different teams , as with Philippe Albert in 1992 and Mbark Boussoufa in 2006 . Paul Van Himst has collected 4 Belgian Golden Shoes which is the current record . Jan Ceulemans and Wilfried Van Moer have both won the trophy three times . The first foreigner to win the trophy was the Dutchman Johan Boskamp , especially for his excellence during the second half of the 1974-75 season , when his club , RWDM ( currently defunct ) , won its first and only championship title . The only foreigners who have won the award more than once are the Swede Pär Zetterberg and the Moroccan Mbark Boussoufa . In 2011 , Argentinian Matías Suárez became the first South American to be awarded the Golden Shoe . In 2016 , Tessa Wullaert was awarded the first ever Golden Shoe for women football players .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18d280ff2c054a354513dc76af1c461c",
"text": "Olympique Lyonnais (Women) Olympique Lyonnais Féminin ( -LSB- ɔlɛ̃pik ljɔnɛ -RSB- ; commonly referred to as Olympique Lyon , Lyon , or simply OL ) is a French women 's football club based in Lyon . It is the most successful club in the history of Division 1 Féminine with fourteen league titles . The club has been the female section of Olympique Lyonnais since 2004 . Lyon currently play in the Division 1 Féminine and are the defending champions , having won the league for eleven consecutive seasons . The club was formed as the women 's section of FC Lyon in 1970 . In 2004 , the women 's club became the women 's section of Olympique Lyonnais . Since joining Lyon , the women 's section has won the Division 1 Féminine ten times and seven Coupe de France titles . Lyon reached the semi-finals of the 2007 -- 08 edition of the UEFA Women 's Cup and , during the 2009 -- 10 season , reached the final of the inaugural edition of the UEFA Women 's Champions League losing to German club Turbine Potsdam 7 -- 6 on penalties . In the following season , Lyon finally captured the UEFA Women 's Champions League defeating its nemesis Turbine Potsdam 2 -- 0 in the 2011 final . It successfully defended its title in 2012 , defeating FFC Frankfurt in the final . Lyon hosts its matches at the Groupama OL training Center , a 1,524-capacity stadium that is situated not far from the Parc Olympique Lyonnais , where the male sections plays . The women 's team does host its `` big '' matches at the 55,000-seat stadium . The president of the club is Jean-Michel Aulas and the captain of the team is Wendie Renard . According to the UEFA women 's coefficient , Lyon are the highest-ranked club in UEFA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c58405c5c1502c2b80f84844332e9429",
"text": "Botafogo FC (Douala) Botafogo Football Club de Douala is a Cameroonian football club . They are a member of Fédération Camerounaise de Football and currently play in the top domestic league Elite One .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "198d836fd96988bc6fee95bb8c4926ec",
"text": "Antoine Kombouaré Antoine Kombouaré ( -LSB- ɑ̃.twan kɔ̃.bwa.ʁe -RSB- ; born 16 November 1963 ) is a former New Caledonian footballer and the current manager of Ligue 1 club Guingamp .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c1c4875272d249cf29398574019932b",
"text": "Senegal at the FIFA World Cup This is a record of Senegal 's results at the FIFA World Cup . The FIFA World Cup , sometimes called the Football World Cup or the Soccer World Cup , but usually referred to simply as the World Cup , is an international association football competition contested by the men 's national teams of the members of Fédération Internationale de Football Association ( FIFA ) , the sport 's global governing body . The championship has been awarded every four years since the first tournament in 1930 , except in 1942 and 1946 , due to World War II . The tournament consists of two parts , the qualification phase and the final phase ( officially called the World Cup Finals ) . The qualification phase , which currently take place over the three years preceding the Finals , is used to determine which teams qualify for the Finals . The current format of the Finals involves 32 teams competing for the title , at venues within the host nation ( or nations ) over a period of about a month . The World Cup Finals is the most widely viewed sporting event in the world , with an estimated 715.1 million people watching the 2006 tournament final . Senegal have appeared in the finals of the FIFA World Cup on one occasion in 2002 where they reached the quarter finals .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a2f5620592c8cb0baa22454277e664ba | The science fiction author Philip K. Dick wrote the alternative history novel The Man in the High Castle. | [
{
"docid": "3240806f3fa96027260d91bf1fc95431",
"text": "Philip K. Dick Philip Kindred Dick ( December 16 , 1928March 2 , 1982 ) was an American writer notable for publishing works of science fiction . Dick explored philosophical , social , and political themes in novels with plots dominated by monopolistic corporations , authoritarian governments , alternate universes , and altered states of consciousness . His work reflected his personal interest in metaphysics and theology , and often drew upon his life experiences in addressing the nature of reality , identity , drug abuse , schizophrenia , and transcendental experiences . Born in Illinois before moving to California , Dick began publishing science fiction stories in the 1950s , initially finding little commercial success . His 1962 alternate history novel The Man in the High Castle earned Dick early acclaim , including a Hugo Award for Best Novel . He followed with science fiction novels such as Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep ? ( 1968 ) and Ubik ( 1969 ) . His 1974 novel Flow My Tears , the Policeman Said won the John W. Campbell Memorial Award for best novel . Following a series of religious experiences in February -- March 1974 , Dick 's work engaged more explicitly with issues of theology , philosophy , and the nature of reality , as in such novels as A Scanner Darkly ( 1977 ) and VALIS ( 1981 ) . A collection of his non-fiction writing on these themes was published posthumously as The Exegesis of Philip K. Dick ( 2011 ) . He died in 1982 of a stroke , aged 53 . In addition to 44 published novels , Dick wrote approximately 121 short stories , most of which appeared in science fiction magazines during his lifetime . A variety of popular films based on his works have been produced , including Blade Runner ( 1982 ) , Total Recall ( 1990 ) , Minority Report ( 2002 ) , A Scanner Darkly ( 2006 ) , Paycheck ( 2003 ) , Next ( 2007 ) , and The Adjustment Bureau ( 2011 ) . In 2005 , Time magazine named Ubik one of the hundred greatest English-language novels published since 1923 . In 2007 , Dick became the first science fiction writer to be included in The Library of America series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc367b6563e718bdaf353493b1b326f",
"text": "The Man in the High Castle The Man in the High Castle ( 1962 ) is an alternative history novel by American writer Philip K. Dick . Set in 1962 , fifteen years after an alternative ending to World War II , the novel concerns intrigues between the victorious Axis Powers -- primarily , Imperial Japan and Nazi Germany -- as they rule over the former United States , as well as daily life under the resulting totalitarian rule . The Man in the High Castle won the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 1963 and the Tähtivaeltaja Award in 1993 . The book would later receive a two season 2015 TV adaptation also under the name , The Man in the High Castle . Reported inspirations include Ward Moore 's alternative Civil War history , Bring the Jubilee ( 1953 ) , various classic World War II histories , and the I Ching ( referred to in the novel ) . The novel features a `` novel within the novel '' comprising an alternate history within this alternate history wherein the Allies defeat the Axis ( though in a manner distinct from the actual historical outcome ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211",
"text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6e0cd7aa31da46095e447b273d932476",
"text": "Aristopia Aristopia : A Romance-History of the New World is an 1895 utopian novel by Castello Holford , considered the first novel-length alternate history in English ( and among the earliest alternate histories in general ) . Though part of the major wave utopian and dystopian literature that distinguished the final decades of the nineteenth century , Holford 's book reverses the normal stance of utopian projection : instead of imagining a better society at a future time or in a far-off place , he supposes that the founding of the United States occurred under different conditions and follows its development forward to a superior society in his own day . In Aristopia ( Greek for `` the best place '' ) , Ralph Morton , an early settler in Virginia , discovers a reef made of solid gold . He cannily uses his wealth to build a planned society , based on the Utopia of Sir Thomas More , with innovations and adaptations of his own . In Aristopia , all the land is owned by the government , and only leased to businesses and private citizens . Large-scale trade is also monoplized by the state , and inherited wealth is limited . Morton welcomes productive refugees from European conflicts -- Huguenots , Irish fugitives from Cromwell 's wars , and northern Italian and Swiss artisans . The colony prospers , buys more land from the Indians , and spreads westward . Morton dies at the age of 100 ; his descendants and successors carry his policies forward . The Aristopians support the American Revolution , and on their own initiative conquer Canada . Aristopia comes to dominate the new nation , eventually ruling all of North America north of Mexico . Holford loads his description of Aristopia with satirical remedies for what he saw as contemporary problems and circumstances . In Aristopian jurisprudence , for example , the Court for Assessing the Value of Abstract Words and Phrases polices the language to prevent abuses ; it is the largest and busiest function in the Palace of Justice . The English playwright Henry Arthur Jones was taken with the idea of Aristopia , and used it in his own polemical writings , as in his `` The Tax-Wise Men of Aristopia '' and his My Dear Wells . Holford was not the first writer in English to employ the term `` Aristopia . '' The eighteenth-century freethinker John Fransham ( 1730 -- 1810 ) left a posthumous manuscript titled Memorablilia Classica , which contains a piece called `` The Code of Aristopia , or Scheme for a Perfect Government . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6281fd4eefccd5d2763dc8d39dba746f",
"text": "The Minority Report (1991 collection) The Minority Report is a collection of science fiction stories by Philip K. Dick . It was first published by Citadel Twilight in 1991 and reprints Volume IV of The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick . The stories had originally appeared in the magazines Galaxy Science Fiction , Science Fiction Stories , If , Fantastic Universe , Fantasy and Science Fiction , Fantastic , Worlds of Tomorrow , Escapade and Amazing Stories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9adc9f7b90857c4d0219a8744ba9a42c",
"text": "Philip Hoare Philip Hoare ( born Patrick Moore , 1958 ) is a British writer , especially of history and biography . He instigated the Moby Dick Big Read project . He is Professor of Creative Writing at the University of Southampton and Leverhulme artist-in-residence at the Marine Institute , Plymouth University , which awarded him an honorary doctorate in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e89b75c8685044e1ab74a562a0b25f9",
"text": "The Last Castle (novella) The Last Castle is a science fiction novella by Jack Vance . It won both the Hugo Award for Best Novelette and the Nebula Award for Best Novella .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad12222b1bc85d2929597e5b37544e76",
"text": "An Englishman's Castle An Englishman 's Castle is a BBC television serial first broadcast in 1978 , written by Philip Mackie and directed by Paul Ciappessoni . The story was set in an alternate history 1970s , in which Nazi Germany won World War II and England is run by a collaborationist fascist government . Peter Ingram ( Kenneth More ) is a writer for a soap opera ( also called An Englishman 's Castle ) , which is set in London in 1940 during the fictional Nazi invasion and subsequent occupation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d68ee0fb7bcc4e98b1911645416be97c",
"text": "The History of The Lord of the Rings The History of The Lord of the Rings is a 4-volume work by Christopher Tolkien that documents the process of J. R. R. Tolkien 's writing of The Lord of the Rings . The History is also numbered as volumes 6 to 9 of The History of Middle-earth ( `` HoME '' , as below ) . Some information concerning the appendices and a soon-abandoned sequel to the novel can also be found in volume 12 , The Peoples of Middle-earth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27a4e8b601fc765133b26891d836d7f2",
"text": "The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a historical fiction novel written by Jacopo della Quercia . The plot follows President William Howard Taft , scientist and son of a former president Robert Todd Lincoln , Secret Service Chief John Wilkie , Captain ( later Major ) Archibald Butt and others as they slowly unravel a worldwide conspiracy over a decade in the making . The book , which was della Quercia 's debut novel , was published in 2014 by St. Martin 's Griffin , an imprint of publishing company St. Martin 's Press . The author described the book 's genre not as singular distinct genre , but as an `` equal parts cocktail '' of adventure , historical fiction , science fiction , thriller and comedy . In 2015 , della Quercia released a spiritual sequel , License to Quill , of a similar nature that concerns the lives of Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare in Reformation-era Europe . The book has many references to actual events ; some , such as the sinking of the RMS Titanic , are important plot points , while others , such as the destruction of the zeppelin Erbslöh , are passively mentioned as news or memories . The author also includes excerpts from real newspaper articles , which were used to provide exposition in the storyline . Similarly , all of the main characters in the book were real , relevant figures in the 20th century . The characters profiles were fictionalized to fit in with the book 's plot and atmosphere , but their names , positions , occupations and personalities are kept largely intact .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d5f20bd463260f19b73e74012ae875a",
"text": "Libertarian science fiction Libertarian science fiction is a subgenre of science fiction that focuses on the politics and social order implied by libertarian philosophies with an emphasis on individualism and private ownership of the means of production -- and in some cases , no state whatsoever . As a category , libertarian fiction is unusual because the vast majority of its authors are self-identified as science fiction authors . This contrasts with the authors of much other social criticism who are largely academic or mainstream novelists who tend to dismiss any genre classification . The identification between libertarianism and science fiction is so strong that the U.S. Libertarian Party often has representatives at science fiction conventions and one of the highest profile authors currently in the subgenre of libertarian science fiction , L. Neil Smith , was the Arizona Libertarian Party 's 2000 candidate for the President of the United States . As a genre , it can be seen as growing out of the 1930s and 1940s when the science-fiction pulp magazines were reaching their peak at the same time as fascism and communism . While this environment gave rise to dystopian novels such as George Orwell 's Nineteen Eighty-Four , in the pulps , this influence more often give rise to speculations about societies ( or sub-groups ) arising in direct opposition to `` totalitarianism . '' Ayn Rand 's novel Atlas Shrugged is a strong ( perhaps the strongest ) influence with an anti-socialist attitude and an individualist ethic that echoes throughout the genre . Of more direct relevance to the science fiction end of this genre is Robert A. Heinlein 's The Moon Is a Harsh Mistress , which is highly regarded even by non-libertarian science fiction readers . An award for libertarian science fiction , the Prometheus Award , is given out every year . Some winners of the award identify as libertarians ( e.g. , L. Neil Smith , Victor Koman , Brad Linaweaver ) , while others do not ( Terry Pratchett , Charles Stross ) . Some other prominent libertarian science fiction authors include S. Andrew Swann and Michael Z. Williamson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f",
"text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "975ee47d92a09d636016c3054dee2cc1",
"text": "The Man Who Sold the Moon `` The Man Who Sold the Moon '' is a science fiction novella by American author Robert A. Heinlein , written in 1949 and published in 1951 . A part of his Future History and prequel to `` Requiem '' , it covers events around a fictional first Moon landing in 1978 and the schemes of Delos D. Harriman , a businessman who is determined to personally reach and control the Moon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bff1a9ea3bbe6fc95c8975da2f5f44dd",
"text": "A Rebel in Time A Rebel in Time ( also published as Rebel in Time ) is a 1983 science fiction novel by Harry Harrison .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cda901ff0232cf6b3eaa7c978d8280a",
"text": "The Turning Wheel `` The Turning Wheel '' is an 8,400 word science fiction novelette by Philip K. Dick . It was published in Science Fiction Stories No. 2 , 1954 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6263f9cc0a57f59345bff8ab906a89c",
"text": "11/22/63 11/22/63 is a novel by Stephen King about a time traveler who attempts to prevent the assassination of President John F. Kennedy , which occurred on November 22 , 1963 ( the novel 's titular date ) . The novel was announced on King 's official site on March 2 , 2011 . A short excerpt was released online on June 1 , 2011 , and another excerpt was published in the October 28 , 2011 , issue of Entertainment Weekly . The novel was published on November 8 , 2011 and quickly became a number-one bestseller . It stayed on The New York Times Best Seller list for 16 weeks . 11/22/63 won the 2011 Los Angeles Times Book Prize for Best Mystery/Thriller and the 2012 International Thriller Writers Award for Best Novel , and was nominated for the 2012 British Fantasy Award for Best Novel and the 2012 Locus Award for Best Science Fiction Novel . The novel required considerable research to accurately portray the late 1950s and early 1960s . King commented on the amount of research it required , saying `` I 've never tried to write anything like this before . It was really strange at first , like breaking in a new pair of shoes . '' The novel was adapted into a 2016 Hulu television series , 11.22.63 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4589741c3cbe31eeb382311d3760377",
"text": "The Hole Man `` The Hole Man '' is a short story by American writer Larry Niven . It won the Hugo Award for Best Short Story in 1975 . In this story , a team of explorers and scientists on Mars encounter an alien base , in which there is a still-functional communication device . One scientist believes that at the center of the device is a tiny black hole , but his superior does not believe him . During a heated argument with his superior , the scientist turns off the containment field , releasing the black hole . The hole drops right through his superior , killing him as it falls towards the center of the planet . At the end of the story , the release of the black hole is revealed to possibly endanger the explorers as it consumes Mars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f1b2980625cf400259f4c4e0bac5953",
"text": "The Lost Worlds of 2001 The Lost Worlds of 2001 is a 1972 book by Arthur C. Clarke , published by Signet as an accompaniment to the novel 2001 : A Space Odyssey . The book itself consists in part of behind-the-scenes notes from Clarke concerning scriptwriting ( and rewriting ) , as well as production issues . The core of the book , however , is contained in excerpts from the proto-novel and an early screenplay that did not make it into the final version . Alternative settings for launch preparation , the EVA scene where astronaut Frank Poole is lost , and varying dialogues concerning the HAL 9000 unit are all featured in the book . Also included is the original short story `` The Sentinel '' upon which 2001 is loosely based .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1491ee34e66356a63042b970253267e3",
"text": "Radio Free Albemuth Radio Free Albemuth is a dystopian novel by Philip K. Dick , written in 1976 and published posthumously in 1985 . Originally titled VALISystem A , it was his first attempt to deal in fiction with his experiences of early 1974 . When his publishers at Bantam requested extensive rewrites he canned the project and reworked it into the VALIS trilogy . Arbor House acquired the rights to Radio Free Albemuth in 1985 . They then published an edition under the current title ( the original was too close to VALIS ) , prepared from the corrected typescript given by Dick to his friend Tim Powers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef0e8e8bd0d1bea43b24c3b4ee2e52e2",
"text": "Our Friends from Frolix 8 Our Friends From Frolix 8 is a 1970 science fiction novel by Philip K. Dick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c315cf4943b32f2c2eb4521acd2d407c",
"text": "Uchronia: The Alternate History List Uchronia : The Alternate History List is an online general-interest book database containing a bibliography of over 3300 alternate history novels , stories , essays and other printed material . It is owned and operated by Robert B. Schmunk . Uchronia was twice selected as the Sci Fi Channel 's `` Sci Fi Site of the Week . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ce8a6ef0f054fc4d038fb5af17a3a7e",
"text": "Science book A science book is a work of nonfiction , usually written by a scientist , researcher , or professor like Stephen Hawking ( A Brief History of Time ) , or sometimes by a non-scientist such as Bill Bryson ( A Short History of Nearly Everything ) . Usually these books are written for a wide audience presumed to have a general education rather than a specifically scientific training , as opposed to the very narrow audience that a scientific paper would have , and are therefore referred to as popular science . As such , they require considerable talent on the part of the author to sufficiently explain difficult topics to people who are totally new to the subject , and a good blend of storytelling and technical writing . In the UK , the Royal Society Prizes for Science Books are considered to be the most prestigious awards for science writing . In the US , the National Book Awards briefly had a category for science writing in the 1960s , but now they just have the broad categories of fiction and nonfiction . There are many disciplines that are well explained to lay people through science books . A few examples include Carl Sagan on astronomy , Jared Diamond on geography , Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Dawkins on evolutionary biology , David Eagleman on neuroscience , Donald Norman on usability and cognitive psychology , Steven Pinker , Noam Chomsky , and Robert Ornstein on linguistics and cognitive science , Donald Johanson and Robert Ardrey on paleoanthropology , and Desmond Morris on zoology and anthropology , and Fulvio Melia on black holes .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
978e520df9ada5564a563eaa77bdd4ce | Styles of the mandolin are common. | [
{
"docid": "44a7623bffb38115b27949cad2005e2d",
"text": "Mandolin A mandolin ( mandolino -LSB- mandoˈliːno -RSB- ; literally `` small mandola '' ) is a musical instrument in the lute family and is usually plucked with a plectrum or `` pick '' . It commonly has four courses of doubled metal strings tuned in unison ( 8 strings ) , although five ( 10 strings ) and six ( 12 strings ) course versions also exist . The courses are normally tuned in a succession of perfect fifths . It is the soprano member of a family that includes the mandola , octave mandolin , mandocello and mandobass . There are many styles of mandolin , but three are common , the Neapolitan or round-backed mandolin , the carved-top mandolin and the flat-backed mandolin . The round-back has a deep bottom , constructed of strips of wood , glued together into a bowl . The carved-top or arch-top mandolin has a much shallower , arched back , and an arched top -- both carved out of wood . The flat-backed mandolin uses thin sheets of wood for the body , braced on the inside for strength in a similar manner to a guitar . Each style of instrument has its own sound quality and is associated with particular forms of music . Neapolitan mandolins feature prominently in European classical music and traditional music . Carved-top instruments are common in American folk music and bluegrass music . Flat-backed instruments are commonly used in Irish , British and Brazilian folk music . Some modern Brazilian instruments feature an extra fifth course tuned a fifth lower than the standard fourth course . Other mandolin varieties differ primarily in the number of strings and include four-string models ( tuned in fifths ) such as the Brescian and Cremonese , six-string types ( tuned in fourths ) such as the Milanese , Lombard and the Sicilian and 6 course instruments of 12 strings ( two strings per course ) such as the Genoese . There has also been a twelve-string ( three strings per course ) type and an instrument with sixteen-strings ( four strings per course ) . Much of mandolin development revolved around the soundboard ( the top ) . Pre-mandolin instruments were quiet instruments , strung with as many as six courses of gut strings , and were plucked with the fingers or with a quill . However , modern instruments are louder -- using four courses of metal strings , which exert more pressure than the gut strings . The modern soundboard is designed to withstand the pressure of metal strings that would break earlier instruments . The soundboard comes in many shapes -- but generally round or teardrop-shaped , sometimes with scrolls or other projections . There is usually one or more sound holes in the soundboard , either round , oval , or shaped like a calligraphic ( f-hole ) . A round or oval sound hole may be covered or bordered with decorative rosettes or purfling .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "7952171efe42dd67430ad943e348a789",
"text": "Style (visual arts) In the visual arts , style is a '' ... distinctive manner which permits the grouping of works into related categories '' . or '' ... any distinctive , and therefore recognizable , way in which an act is performed or an artifact made or ought to be performed and made '' . It refers to the visual appearance of a work of art that relates it to other works by the same artist or one from the same period , training , location , `` school '' , art movement or archaeological culture : `` The notion of style has long been the art historian 's principal mode of classifying works of art . By style he selects and shapes the history of art '' . Style is often divided into the general style of a period , country or cultural group , group of artists or art movement , and the individual style of the artist within that group style . Divisions within both types of styles are often made , such as between `` early '' , `` middle '' or `` late '' . In some artists , such as Picasso for example , these divisions may be marked and easy to see , in others they are more subtle . Style is seen as usually dynamic , in most periods always changing by a gradual process , though the speed of this varies greatly , between the very slow development in style typical of prehistoric art or ancient Egyptian art to the rapid changes in modern art styles . Style often develops in a series of jumps , with relatively sudden changes followed by periods of slower development . After dominating academic discussion in art history in the 19th and early 20th centuries , so-called `` style art history '' has come under increasing attack in recent decades , and many art historians now prefer to avoid stylistic classifications where they can .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7436ccd5fdc174d37f13641b11891efa",
"text": "Electric mandolin The electric mandolin is an instrument tuned and played as the mandolin and amplified in similar fashion to an electric guitar . As with electric guitars , electric mandolins take many forms : Most common is a carved-top eight-string instrument fitted with an electric pickup in similar fashion to many arch top guitars . Solid body mandolins are common in 4 - , 5 - , and 8-string forms . Acoustic electric and semi-acoustic mandolins also exist in many forms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c562d96dfe9fcd62bc035e70ad265834",
"text": "Kemane Kemane ( ќемане , -LSB- ` kjɛmanɛ -RSB- ) is a bowed string instrument traditionally used in the Republic of Macedonia . As the Macedonian version of the kemenche it is very similar to the violin or viola . The kemane also resembles the Greek instrument lyre . The instrument is usually used to accompany folk music and singing , particularly epic poetry , and is rarely used as a solo instrument . The kemane can be made in various forms . The length varies between 480 and , their shape can be either straight or bent in a curved shape . Older kemane 's were made by hacking holes in the instrument in which were inserted horse tail hairs , however the modern kemane 's strings are attached to a wooden headstock , similar to that of a violin . It is prepared out of one piece of wood ( walnut , maple , or other ) with three structural parts : the body ( krtuna ) , neck ( shija ) , and the headstock ( glava ) . The strings are set at different heights , so that it can be played on two strings simultaneously . The sound is produced by the movement of the bow from the one to the other blade , which grinding produces a sound of undetermined height . Although it is considered one of the oldest string instruments in the region of Macedonia , the kemane appeared in Macedonian music in the late 19th and early 20th century when it entered the Macedonian čalgija compositions . The name of the kemane probably comes from kemençe , the Turkish word for fiddle . The kemane has three strings , although there are some made with four which are very rare . It is mostly spread in Eastern Macedonia and the region of Osogovo where in some parts the instrument is referred to as kjemene , and in the northern parts of Macedonian it is called gusla .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb4c91920097b9dfc773e1cfac95ee7d",
"text": "List of musical pieces which use extended techniques This is a list of musical compositions that employ extended techniques to obtain unusual sounds or instrumental timbres . Hector Berlioz `` Dream of Witches ' Sabbath '' from Symphonie Fantastique . The violins and violas play col legno , striking the wood of their bows on the strings . Heinrich Ignaz Franz von Biber Battalia ( 1673 ) . The strings play col legno , striking the wood of their bows on the strings , in addition to numerous other techniques . François-Adrien Boieldieu Le calife de Bagdad ( opera , 1800 ) , strings play col legno . Benjamin Britten Passacaglia from Peter Grimes , rehearsal 6 , `` agitato '' , ( pp. 16 -- 17 of the score ) . The violins and violas play col legno , striking the wood of their bows on the strings . Leo Brouwer La espiral eterna for Guitar . John Cage prepared piano pieces ( 1938 ) Aaron Cassidy All works make extensive use of extended techniques . Nicolas-Marie Dalayrac Une heure de mariage ( opera , 1804 ) . Strings use col legno . Pascal Dusapin Watt , concerto for trombone and orchestra ( 1994 ) . Features `` ample use of extended techniques '' . John Eaton Concert Music for Solo Clarinet ( 1960 ) makes use of many extended clarinet techniques , including multiphonics , alternate fingerings , and extremely high pitches . Carlo Farina Capriccio stravagante ( from Ander Theil newer Paduanen , Gagliarden , Couranten , französischen Arien , 1627 ) . The violins play glissando , pizzicato , tremolo , and in double stops , and use particular effects such as col legno ( striking the wood of the bow on the strings ) and sul ponticello ( bowing close to the bridge ) , in order to imitate the sounds of a cat , a dog , a hen , the lyre , clarino trumpet , military drum , Spanish guitar , etc. . . Tobias Hume `` Harke , Harke '' , from First Part of Ayres ( 1605 ) . The viol da gamba plays col legno , with the instruction `` Drum this with the back of your Bow '' . Charles Ives Concord Sonata , use of a 14 inch long piece of wood to create a cluster chord in the `` Hawthorne '' movement . Helmut Lachenmann All works make extensive use of extended techniques . Gustav Mahler Symphony No. 1 in D major , third movement ( p. 91 of the UE score ) first violins , divisi a 3 , play col legno tratto , stroking the strings with the wood of their bows . Symphony No. 2 in D major , first movement , b. 304 -- 306 , all the strings play col legno ( some of the strings continue through 307 ) , striking the wood of their bows on the strings . Gérard Pesson All works make extensive use of extended techniques . Camille Saint-Saëns Danse macabre , the strings play col legno to suggest the rattling of skeletons Arnold Schoenberg Gurrelieder ( 1911 ) , makes use of Sprechstimme Die glückliche Hand ( 1910 -- 13 ) , makes use of Sprechstimme Pierrot Lunaire Op. 21 ( 1912 ) makes use of Sprechstimme Moses und Aron ( 1930 -- 32 ) , makes use of Sprechstimme String Quartet No. 4 , op. 37 ( 1936 ) . Fourth movement ( Allegro ) , b. 882 -- 88 , all four instruments play col legno battuto , col legno tratto , and col legno tratto ponticello , on single notes and in double stops , trmolo , and in harmonics . String Trio , op. 45 ( 1946 ) . The violin and cello play col legno battuto ; the violin plays col legno tratto in double stops ; all the instruments play col legno tratto ponticello , double stops ; violin and viola play col legno tratto ponticello in double stops , which are also played tremolo Salvatore Sciarrino All works make extensive use of extended techniques . Igor StravinskyThe Firebird , the strings occasionally play col legno , striking the wood of their bows on the strings Toru TakemitsuVoice ' for solo flute Heitor Villa-Lobos Assobio a játo ( 1950 ) , requires the flute to play `` imitando fischi in toni ascendenti '' ( imitating whistles in rising tones ) , accomplished by blowing into the embouchure fff `` as if one were warming up the instrument on a cold day '' . Chôros no. 8 ( 1925 ) , for orchestra and two pianos , requires one or both of the pianos to insert paper between the strings for a passage . Kevin Volans String quartets like `` White Man Sleeps '' uses many extended techniques , both compositional and instrumental .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a11a1828654b0c005bf1720e6ef2451",
"text": "Concertato Concertato is a term in early Baroque music referring to either a genre or a style of music in which groups of instruments or voices share a melody , usually in alternation , and almost always over a basso continuo . The term derives from Italian concerto which means `` playing together '' -- hence concertato means `` in the style of a concerto . '' In contemporary usage , the term is almost always used as an adjective , for example `` three pieces from the set are in concertato style . '' A somewhat oversimplified , but useful distinction between concertato and concerto can be made : the concertato style involves contrast between opposing groups of voices and groups of instruments : the concerto style , especially as it developed into the concerto grosso later in the Baroque , involves contrast between large and small groups of similar composition ( later called `` ripieno '' and `` concertino '' ) . The style developed in Venice in the late 16th century , mainly through the work of Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli , who were working in the unique acoustical space of St. Mark 's Cathedral . Different choirs or instrumental groupings occupied positions across the cathedral from each other : because of the sound delay from one side to the other in the large and acoustically `` live '' space , a perfect unison was difficult , and composers found that a fantastically effective music could be composed with the choirs singing across to each other , in stereo as it were ; all accompanied by organ or other groups of instruments placed in such a way that they could hear each group equally well . Music written there was quickly performed elsewhere , and compositions in the new `` concertato '' style quickly became popular elsewhere in Europe ( first in northern Italy , then in Germany and the rest of Italy , and then gradually in other parts of the continent ) . Another term sometimes used for this antiphonal use of the choirs in St. Mark 's was cori spezzati . See also Venetian polychoral style and Venetian School . In the early 17th century , almost all music with voices and basso continuo was called a concerto , though this use of the term is considerably different from the more modern meaning ( a solo instrument or instruments accompanied by an orchestra ) . Often , sacred music in the concertato style in the early 17th century was descended from the motet : the texts that a hundred years earlier would have been set for a cappella voices singing in smooth polyphony , would now be set for voices and instruments in a concertato style . These pieces , no longer always called motets , were given a variety of names including concerto , Psalm ( if a psalm setting ) , sinfonia , or symphoniae ( for example in Heinrich Schütz 's collections of Symphoniae Sacrae ) . The concertato style made possible the composition of extremely dramatic music , one of the characteristic innovations of the early Baroque .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "579f63a07bdfa1f180fc8cfec75ad601",
"text": "American popular music American popular music has had a profound effect on music across the world . The country has seen the rise of popular styles that have had a significant influence on global culture , including ragtime , blues , jazz , swing , rock , bluegrass , country , R&B , doo wop , gospel , soul , funk , heavy metal , punk , disco , house , techno , salsa , grunge and hip hop . In addition , the American music industry is quite diverse , supporting a number of regional styles such as zydeco , klezmer and slack-key . Distinctive styles of American popular music emerged early in the 19th century , and in the 20th century the American music industry developed a series of new forms of music , using elements of blues and other genres of American folk music . These popular styles included country , R&B , jazz and rock . The 1960s and 1970s saw a number of important changes in American popular music , including the development of a number of new styles , such as heavy metal , punk , soul , and hip hop . Though these styles were not in the sense of mainstream , they were commercially recorded and are thus examples of popular music as opposed to folk or classical music .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "245eae5e611b04a1ad8a8087ef9eafcf",
"text": "Pick tapping Pick tapping ( or pick trilling ) is a legato playing technique for the guitar , in which the edge of the pick is used to sharply trill notes on the instrument 's fretboard at fast speeds . Whilst trilling can be performed with the fingers of either the fretting or picking hand , using the pick enables faster speeds by means of ` vibrating ' ( or effectively seizing up ) the wrist . The technique should not be confused with regular tapping , which always makes use of both hands and involves playing at least three or more notes . A well-known example is `` Satch Boogie '' by Joe Satriani , in which there is a section that uses pick tapping to produce trills at 22.2 notes per second . Other examples include `` Surfing with the Alien '' , also by Satriani ; `` Inca Roads '' by Frank Zappa ; and various songs by DragonForce . Category : Guitar performance techniques",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5769efafdfdc996ffa93fcfeb059cdff",
"text": "Folk rock Folk rock is a music genre combining elements of folk music and rock music . In its earliest and narrowest sense , the term referred to a genre that arose in the United States and the United Kingdom around the mid-1960s . The genre was pioneered by the Los Angeles band the Byrds , who began playing traditional folk music and songs by Bob Dylan with rock instrumentation . The term `` folk rock '' was coined by the U.S. music press to describe the Byrds ' music in June 1965 , the month in which the band 's debut album was issued . The release of the Byrds ' 1965 cover version of Dylan 's `` Mr. Tambourine Man '' and its subsequent commercial success , along with Dylan 's own recordings with rock instrumentation -- on the albums Bringing It All Back Home ( 1965 ) , Highway 61 Revisited ( 1965 ) , and Blonde on Blonde ( 1966 ) -- initiated an explosion of folk rock groups the mid-1960s . Dylan 's appearance at the Newport Folk Festival on 25 July 1965 , with an electric band backing him , was also a pivotal moment in the development of the genre . A distinct , eclectic style of electric folk was created in Britain and Europe in the late 1960s by Pentangle , Fairport Convention and Alan Stivell . Inspired by British psychedelic folk and the North American style of folk rock , Pentangle , Fairport , and other related bands began to incorporate elements of traditional British folk music into their repertoire . Fairport bassist Ashley Hutchings formed Steeleye Span with traditionalist folk musicians who wished to incorporate overt rock elements into their music , and this led to other variants , including the overtly English folk rock of the Albion Band ( also featuring Hutchings ) and the more prolific current of Celtic rock . In a broader sense , folk rock includes later similarly inspired musical genres and movements in the English-speaking world .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d41b2c0b4099194aca7b7710941f127c",
"text": "Flame maple Flame maple ( tiger maple ) , also known as flamed maple , curly maple , ripple maple , fiddleback or tiger stripe , is a feature of maple in which the growth of the wood fibers is distorted in an undulating chatoyant pattern , producing wavy lines known as `` flames '' . This effect is often mistakenly said to be part of the grain of the wood ; it is more accurately called `` figure '' , as the distortion is perpendicular to the grain direction . Prized for its beautiful appearance , it is used frequently in the manufacturing of musical instruments , such as violins and bassoons , and fine furniture . Another well-known use of the material is its use in guitars , especially the venerated Gibson Les Paul . The Gibson Les Paul `` Standard '' , initially manufactured from 1958 to 1960 , sported a flame maple top finished in a cherry-red sunburst on a mahogany body . Today , these instruments are some of the most prized on the vintage guitar market , and as such are unaffordable to most musicians . During the westward expansion of early settlers and explorers into the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains , curly maple was often used for making the stocks used on Kentucky rifles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2f46715eddebf1c3ab9135e152d6608",
"text": "Guitalele A guitalele ( sometimes spelled guitarlele or guilele ) , also called a kīkū , is a guitar-ukulele hybrid , that is , `` a 1/4 size '' guitar , a cross between a classical guitar and a tenor or baritone ukulele . The guitalele combines the portability of a ukulele , due to its small size , with the six single strings and resultant chord possibilities of a classical guitar . It may include a built-in microphone that permits playing the guitalele either as an acoustic guitar or connected to an amplifier . The guitalele is variously marketed ( and used ) as a travel guitar or children 's guitar . A guitalele is the size of a ukulele , and is commonly played like a guitar transposed up to `` A '' ( that is , up a 4th , or like a guitar with a capo on the fifth fret ) . This gives it tuning of ADGCEA , with the top four strings tuned like a low G ukulele . This is the same as the tuning of the requinto guitar , although the latter are typically larger than a guitalele , and as the most common tuning for the guitarrón mexicano , albeit at a higher octave . Several guitar and ukulele manufacturers market guitaleles , including Yamaha Corporation 's GL-1 Guitalele , Cordoba 's Guilele and Mini , Koaloha 's D-VI 6-string tenor ukulele , Mele 's Guitarlele , Kanilea 's GL6 Guitarlele and Islander GL6 , Luna 's 6-string baritone ukulele , the Lichty Kīkū , the Kinnard Kīkū , and the Gretsch guitar-ukulele .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "80967238e2fb6d35f81d831ede8ba787",
"text": "List of bluegrass bands This is an alphabetical list of bluegrass bands . A bluegrass band is a group of musicians who play acoustic stringed instruments , typically some combination of guitar , mandolin , fiddle , banjo , dobro and upright bass , to perform bluegrass music . Each band on this list has been selected because there is a Wikipedia article about it or because it has been confirmed as a performing and/or recording bluegrass band in a published source such as a news report , magazine article or book . For individual musicians , see the List of bluegrass musicians . See also : Bluegrass music , Country music , and List of country music performers . __ NOTOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25b3e9ddfde72e1ddd813598b03f18ac",
"text": "Uncle Homer Walker John `` Uncle '' Homer Walker ( born February 15 , 1898 or c. 1904 - January 4 , 1980 ) was an American Appalachian banjo player who was popular during the folk revival of the 1960s and 1970s . Prior to his death , he was one of the last musicians to practice the old-time Appalachian style . Walker was born in Mercer County , Virginia into a musical family : his father , a sharecropper , was a banjo player , two sisters learned the mandolin and guitar , and Walker 's two brothers played guitar . His grandfather , himself a former slave , taught Walker the clawhammer banjo playing style , once a fairly common pre-blues component found in the Appalachian Mountains region . In the 1920s , Walker began performing , sometimes accompanied by a mandolin or fiddle player , at square dances , presenting a repertoire of old-time black spirituals and folk tunes passed along to him from his grandfather like `` Steal Away '' , `` Cripple Creek '' , `` John Henry '' , and `` Old Joe Clark '' . He lived most of his adult life in Glen Lyn working as a laborer and farmhand . During the folk revival of the 1960s and 1970s , Walker appeared at numerous folk festivals such as John Henry Folk Festival , the Vandalia Gathering in Charleston , the Smithsonian Institution 's Festival of American Folklife . Only during his appearances at these festivals , Walker claimed , did he first start incorporating the blues into his repertoire . In 1977 , Walker was the subject of the documentary film Banjo Man , narrated by bluesman Taj Mahal . He died in Princeton , West Virginia . Walker 's recordings are featured on the compilation albums Virginia Traditions - Non-Blues Secular Black Music and Black Banjo Songsters of North Carolina and Virginia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2ddfa27d8f6aee9616d7c4760d46e9f",
"text": "Earl Scruggs Earl Eugene Scruggs ( January 6 , 1924 -- March 28 , 2012 ) was an American musician noted for popularizing a three-finger banjo picking style , now called `` Scruggs style '' , that is a defining characteristic of bluegrass music . His three-finger style of playing was radically different from the ways the five-string banjo had been historically played . He popularized the instrument in several genres of music and elevated the banjo from its role as a background rhythm instrument , or a comedian 's prop , into featured solo status . Scruggs ' career began at age 21 when he was hired to play in a group called `` Bill Monroe and the Blue Grass Boys '' . The name `` bluegrass '' stuck and eventually became the eponym for this entire genre of county music . Despite considerable success with Monroe , performing on the Grand Ole Opry and recording classic hits like `` Blue Moon of Kentucky '' , Scruggs gave notice in 1946 that he was quitting the band because of the exhausting touring schedule . Band member Lester Flatt resigned as well , and Flatt and Scruggs later paired up in a new group they called `` Flatt and Scruggs and the Foggy Mountain Boys '' . Scruggs ' banjo instrumental called `` Foggy Mountain Breakdown '' , released in 1949 , became an enduring hit , and had a rebirth of popularity to a younger generation when it was featured in the 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde . The song won two Grammy Awards and in 2005 was selected for the Library of Congress ' National Recording Registry of works of unusual merit . Flatt and Scruggs brought bluegrass music into mainstream popularity in the early 1960s with their country hit , `` The Ballad of Jed Clampett '' . This song was the theme music for the successful network television sitcom The Beverly Hillbillies and was the first bluegrass recording to reach number one on the Billboard charts . Over their 20-year association , Flatt and Scruggs recorded over 50 albums and 75 single records . The duo broke up in 1969 , chiefly because Scruggs wanted to progress the music to a more modern sound and Flatt was a traditionalist who did not want to change the style because he thought it would alienate a fan base of bluegrass purists . Each of them formed a new band that matched his own vision , but neither of them ever regained the success they achieved as a team . Scruggs received four Grammy awards , a Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award and a National Medal of Arts . He became a member of the International Bluegrass Music Hall of Fame and was given a star on the Hollywood walk of fame . In 1985 , Flatt and Scruggs were inducted together into the Country Music Hall of Fame and named number 24 as a duo on CMT 's 40 Greatest Men of Country Music . Scruggs was awarded a National Heritage Fellowship by the National Endowment for the Arts ; the highest honor in the folk and traditional arts in the US . Four works by Scruggs have been placed in the Grammy Hall of Fame . After Scruggs ' death in 2012 at age 88 , the Earl Scruggs Center was founded near his birthplace in Shelby , North Carolina , with the aid of a federal grant and corporate donors . The center is a $ 5.5 million facility which features the musical contributions of Scruggs and serves as an educational center providing classes and field trips for students .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8d7f22b1ef1d5217ac3a31f7a2ceabf",
"text": "Qinqin The qinqin ( 秦琴 ; pinyin : qínqín ; Vietnamese : Dan-tru ) is a plucked Chinese lute . It was originally manufactured with a wooden body , a slender fretted neck , and three strings.photo 1 -LSB- photo 2 -RSB- Its body can be round , photo hexagonal ( with rounded sides ) , or octagonal . -LSB- photo -RSB- Often , only two strings were used , as in certain regional silk-and-bamboo ensembles.photo In its hexagonal form ( with rounded sides ) , it is also referred to as meihuaqin ( 梅花琴 , literally `` plum blossom instrument '' ) . The qinqin is particularly popular in southern China : in Guangdong , Hong Kong and Macau . A similar instrument , the two-stringed đàn sến , has been adapted from the qinqin for use in the traditional music of southern Vietnam.photo The frets on all Chinese lutes are high so that the fingers never touch the actual body -- distinctively different from western fretted instruments . This allows for a greater control over timbre and intonation than their western counterparts , but makes chordal playing more difficult . There are two varieties of qinqins in modern China : the `` traditional '' version , characterized having `` tall '' Chinese style frets ( see photo ) , and the `` modern '' version , which uses fret wire instead . The modern version also closely resembles a banjo in that its body shape is usually round and includes a drum head made most often of sheep skin or python skin . The modern version also usually comes with three strings , the tuning of which most people ( even the store staff and management ) are `` not clear '' on . I 've been told by one salesman who said the third and the first strings of the qinqin are tuned like the two strings of an erhu ( inside string = D4 , outside string A4 ) , which is a 5th apart , leaving not much room in the middle for the second string of the qinqin . A Westerner would usually attempt to tune it `` D-A-d '' ( D4-A4-D5 ) , but this will usually break the thin string # 1 . At a second store , the sales lady came and tuned the qinqin I was handling to `` G-D-g '' ( G3-D4-G4 ) and while I 'm not sure if this is the traditional tuning , it seems pretty acceptable . A third source , frequently cited on the Chinese websites , says the tuning is G3-D4-A5 . But with the Romance brand instrument I own , and using Alice brand qinqin strings , I always pop ( break ) string 1 as soon as I get to G4 # ( a semitone below A5 ) . So , until I 'm informed of a better tuning by an authoritative source , I 'm sticking with `` G-D-g '' . For Westerners , the unusual fret spacing and the corresponding notes used in the scale sound `` off '' or `` bad '' because they generally do not correspond to the notes of the 12TET ( 12-tone equal temperament ) system used on Western instruments like the guitar and the banjo . Many of the notes appear to be off ( either sharp or flat ) by about a quarter tone ( half a semitone ) . Because of this , many Western buyers of the qinqin feel disappointed in the instrument after buying them because the notes produced are not the ones expected . However , the human ear can be re-educated and street performers who play this instrument can produce very nice folk music with the instrument . So , unlike the pipa ( and some other Chinese instruments ) , the fret boards of most models of qinqins have not been modernized to support the 12TET standard . I have also come across a more traditionally designed qinqin built in Shanghai that , from its picture , looks like the fret layout corresponds to the Western 12TET standard and it has 12 frets per octave just like a guitar . A photo appears in one of the external links below . If the future fret layout of qinqins were left to me , I 'd fret it just like a mountain dulcimer or stick dulcimer , using the seven Mixolydian mode notes ( fret positions ) per octave plus fret 6.5 which allows Ionian mode ( major scale ) songs to also be played without having to re-tune the instrument . I feel the qinqin , with its banjo like sound box would make a great stick dulcimer if only they could work out the fret arrangement . The approximate bridge position of the `` floating '' ( movable ) bridge on the qinqin can be easily calculated by doubling the distance between the nut and the 7th fret . The 7th fret on the qinqin is an octave higher than open string . Since the distance between the nut and the 7th fret is about 11 inches , the bridge should be located about 22 inches from the nut . This means the bridge will be located about 60 % across the drum head , or 40 % before the tail end of the drum head . For more precise location , take a digital tuner and compare the notes produced on each string , first open string , and then stopped at the 7th fret . The bridge position should be slightly adjusted so the note produced is `` spot on '' ( but an octave different ) at both open string and stopped at fret 7 . Doing this for all three strings will usually result in a slight tilt to the bridge with the bass string maybe 1 or 2 mm longer than the treble string . This method is often employed with other floating bridge instruments like banjos , stick dulcimers and cigar box guitars . The 22-inch scale length of the qinqin makes it comparable to the tenor banjo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2e4a3c4b5bf16c7e3a5b19720145300",
"text": "Crosspicking Crosspicking is a technique for playing the mandolin or guitar using a plectrum or flatpick in a rolling , syncopated style across three strings . This style is probably best known as one element of the flatpicking style in bluegrass music , and it closely resembles a banjo roll , the main difference being that the banjo roll is fingerpicked rather than flatpicked . A typical element of the technique is the use of three pitches played repeatedly within a four-pulse rhythm . This results in a continual shifting of the pitches vis-a-vis the accented pulse . The three pitches are usually played on three adjacent strings -- one per string . The pick direction can vary , depending on the required emphasis and the melody . Mandolin player Jesse McReynolds used a crosspicking roll of down - up - up / down - up - up ... creating a repeating pattern of notes that expresses the melody . Guitarist George Shuffler used a pick pattern of down - down - up / down - down - up / down - up . The traditional banjo roll form is down - down - up / down - down - up / down - down - up ... ; this helps to accentuate the `` threes '' nature of the pattern against the `` four '' rhythm . The other way is using strict alternate picking : down - up - down / up - down - up / down - up - down ... . This may be more comfortable for players who are using alternate picking for most of their playing . In actuality , one ( or more ) of the three pitches may be varied from one repetition of the pattern to the next , for instance the top note could be toggled up and down one step .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a3813928354bbdf1e3061c8f6cf50c4",
"text": "Vibrato systems for guitar A variety of mechanical vibrato systems for guitar have been developed since the 1920 's . They are used to add vibrato to the sound by changing the tension of the strings , typically at the bridge or tailpiece of an electric guitar using a controlling lever ( often referred to as a whammy bar , vibrato arm/bar , or incorrectly as tremolo arm/bar ) . The lever enables the player to quickly vary the tension and sometimes the length of the strings temporarily , changing the pitch to create a vibrato , portamento or pitch bend effect . Instruments without this device have other bridge and tailpiece systems . The mechanical vibrato systems began as a device for more easily producing the vibrato effects that blues and jazz guitarists had long produced on arch top guitars by manipulating the tailpiece with their picking hand . However , it has also made many sounds possible that could not be produced by the old technique , such as the 1980s-era shred guitar `` dive bombing '' effect . Since the regular appearance of mechanical vibrato systems in the 1950s , they have been used by many guitarists , ranging from the gentle inflections of Chet Atkins , the exaggerated twang effects of Duane Eddy and the buoyant effects of surf music aficionados like The Ventures , The Shadows and Dick Dale . In the 1960s and 1970s , vibrato arms were used for more pronounced effects by Jimi Hendrix , Jeff Beck , David Gilmour , Ritchie Blackmore , Jimmy Page , and Frank Zappa . In the 1980s , shred guitar virtuosos such as Eddie Van Halen , Joe Satriani and Steve Vai , and metal guitarists such as Ritchie Blackmore and Kirk Hammett used the `` whammy bar '' in a range of metal-influenced styles . The pitch-bending effects , whether subtle inflections or exaggerated effects , have become an important part of many styles of electric guitar . Terje Rypdal , David Torn and David Duhig have added to the language and extended techniques of vibrato bar usage . Despite the common misnomer tremolo arm , these devices can not produce tremolo in the normal sense of the word , but can produce vibrato ; while some electronic `` vibrato units '' used by electric guitarists generally produce a tremolo effect , rather than vibrato . See `` Vibrato or Tremolo '' . Guitars equipped with any vibrato system can be harder to re-string , tune , and keep in tune than `` stop-tail '' ( fixed tailpiece ) guitars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf3767c42fefd9f1d1e0553648f525ca",
"text": "Americana Americana are artifacts , or a collection of artifacts , related to the history , geography , folklore and cultural heritage of the United States . Many kinds of material fall within the definition of Americana : paintings , prints and drawings ; license plates or entire vehicles , household objects , tools and weapons ; flags , plaques and statues , and so on . Patriotism and nostalgia play defining roles in the subject . The things involved need not be old , but need to have the appropriate associations . The Atlantic described the term as `` slang for the comforting , middle-class ephemera at your average antique store -- things like needle-pointed pillows , Civil War daguerreotypes , and engraved silverware sets . '' The term may be used to describe the theme of a museum or collection , or of goods for sale . The term can also be used to describe studies of American culture , especially studies based in other countries . Americana music is contemporary music that incorporates elements of various American roots music styles , including country , roots-rock , folk , bluegrass and blues , resulting in a distinctive roots-oriented sound .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3bbb83a74a680664913e63d5a1fe7e47",
"text": "Nick Strutt Nicholas Charles Strutt ( 8 October 1946 - 29 September 2009 ) , was a British country and folk musician . He was particularly noted for his mandolin playing , and worked and recorded with a number of well-known musicians of his time . Strutt first played banjo at the age of 15 and then mastered guitar , autoharp , mandolin and bass . In 1965 he relocated to Leeds and graduated from Leeds University in 1970 . Between 1966 and 1969 he played in a duo with Roger Knowles which featured regularly on radio , including the BBC 's Country Meets Folk , where they sometimes played with Brian Golbey and Pete Stanley as a four-piece unit . Strutt and Knowles played as support for Hank Snow and Willie Nelson on UK appearances , before their influences saw them turn more to seminal country rock . In 1970 Strutt turned fully professional , and between 1969 and 1971 he and Knowles played with Natchez Trace . In 1972 , they parted amicably with Knowles opting for more traditional music and Strutt favouring the contemporary . He had already joined Bob Pegg and Carole Pegg in the folk rock band Mr. Fox , and , after this highly rated but commercially unsuccessful unit 's demise , recorded two excellent duo albums with Bob Pegg . When folk rock waned , Strutt returned to country music , playing regularly around the northern country club scene . In the late 70s , he worked on production and played as a session musician for the now defunct Look label . Here he worked with many artists , especially with Mel Hague but also produced albums for folk singer Alex Campbell and country star Tommy Collins . In the early 80s , he turned more to old-time music again and often worked and recorded with Brian Golbey . He commented that `` with the advent of New Country , line dancing and blander performances , our picking and grinning style was regarded as a novelty . '' During the mid-80s , Strutt played part-time with various units , including a swing quartet , but returned full-time in 1990 . He began teaching guitar , mandolin and bass and appeared regularly with Hague 's band . He also played old-time music at regular venues with banjoist Tim Howard of the Muldoon Brothers . In 1994 , he began working with a trio called Finnegan 's Wake . Strutt acknowledged the influence of Bill Monroe and John Duffey but confessed : `` I was never any good at stealing licks accurately , so I made up my own ; copying any instrument I liked be it trumpet , dobro , clarinet or trombone . '' He used to run jam sessions in Leeds , which often featured 20 musicians on numerous different instruments . Nick Strutt died on 29 September 2009 at his home in Great Yarmouth , from liver failure . Nick spent a large portion of his life in Leeds , marrying Sue and having three children as well as attending university . His funeral took place in Leeds on Friday 16 October and was arranged by Sue and his three children Wezley , Bradley and Holly . The funeral service was held at St John 's church in Wortley followed by cremation at Lawnswood followed by Wake/Jam session at The Grove Inn which had enormous amount of family , friends , fellow musicians and people who just knew of him . In the year 2003 Nick Strutt made a temporary home for himself in the Shoulder Of Mutton in Castleford . This temporary home lasted 3 years where he was much loved for playing his music in the pub . Nick Strutt made many friends within the area and decided to form a band which they called ` Steal Away ' . The band consisted of : Nick Strutt on mandolin ( Backing vocals ) Stevie Mac on Guitar ( Lead Vocalist ) Graham Hall on Fiddle Steve Parker on Bass Guitar ( Backing vocals ) Steal Away got gigs straight away and was becoming a very successful band . 3 years later Nick Strutt moved down to Caistor & Hemsby .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ac87d042653a563032d9bc554182f7f",
"text": "Tapping Tapping is a guitar playing technique where a string is fretted and set into vibration as part of a single motion of being pushed onto the fretboard , as opposed to the standard technique being fretted with one hand and picked with the other . It incorporates the techniques of hammer-on and pull-off , but these are usually only performed by the fretting hand , and in conjunction with conventionally picked notes , whereas tap passages involve both hands and consist of only tapped , hammered and pulled notes . Some players ( such as Stanley Jordan ) rely extensively or exclusively on tapping . Tapping is also called tap style ( tapstyle ) , touch-style , and two-handed tapping , though the latter is somewhat of a misnomer as `` one-handed tapping '' is equivalent to the common hammer-on . Tapping is the primary methodology intended for some instruments such as the Chapman Stick and is the alternative method for the Warr Guitar and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57e32015d6f55a327db7f712fda606fb",
"text": "Double bass The double bass , or simply the bass ( and numerous other names ) , is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra . It is a transposing instrument and is typically notated one octave higher than sounding to avoid excessive ledger lines below the staff . The double bass is the only modern bowed string instrument that is tuned in fourths ( like a viol ) , rather than fifths , with strings usually tuned to E1 , A1 , D2 and G2 . The instrument 's exact lineage is still a matter of some debate , with scholars divided on whether the bass is derived from the viol or the violin family . The double bass is a standard member of the orchestra 's string section , as well as the concert band , and is featured in concertos , solo and chamber music in Western classical music . The bass is used in a range of other genres , such as jazz , 1950s-style blues and rock and roll , rockabilly , psychobilly , traditional country music , bluegrass , tango and many types of folk music . The double bass is played either with a bow ( arco ) or by plucking the strings ( pizzicato ) . In orchestral repertoire and tango music , both arco and pizzicato are employed . In jazz , blues , and rockabilly , pizzicato is the norm . Classical music uses just the natural sound produced acoustically by the instrument ; so does traditional bluegrass . In jazz , blues , and related genres , the bass is typically amplified with an amplifier and speaker .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
404dccef2f173ce260fdca1bd9371ff7 | Formula One car performance is heavily dependent on electronics. | [
{
"docid": "6f4ee950d445a881b0ffc4fe2e388fad",
"text": "Formula One Formula One ( also Formula 1 or F1 and officially the FIA Formula One World Championship ) is the highest class of single-seat auto racing that is sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile ( FIA ) . The FIA Formula One World Championship has been the premier form of racing since the inaugural season in 1950 , although other Formula One races were regularly held until 1983 . The `` formula '' , designated in the name , refers to a set of rules , to which all participants ' cars must conform . The F1 season consists of a series of races , known as Grands Prix ( from French , meaning grand prizes ) , held worldwide on purpose-built F1 circuits and public roads . The results of each race are evaluated using a points system to determine two annual World Championships , one for drivers , one for constructors . The racing drivers are required to be holders of valid Super Licences , the highest class of racing licence issued by the FIA . The races are required to be held on tracks graded 1 ( formerly A ) , the highest grade a track can receive by the FIA . Most events are held in rural locations on purpose-built tracks , but there are several events in city centres throughout the world , with the Monaco Grand Prix being the most famous example . Formula One cars are the fastest road course racing cars in the world , owing to very high cornering speeds achieved through the generation of large amounts of aerodynamic downforce . Formula One cars race at speeds of up to approximately 375 km/h with engines currently limited in performance to a maximum of 15,000 rpm . The cars are capable of lateral acceleration in excess of six g in corners . The performance of the cars is very dependent on electronicsalthough traction control and other driving aids have been banned since 2008and on aerodynamics , suspension , and tyres . The formula has radically evolved and changed through the history of the sport . While Europe is the sport 's traditional base , and hosts about half of each year 's races , the sport 's scope has expanded significantly and an increasing number of Grands Prix are held on other continents . F1 had a total global television audience of 425 million people during the course of the 2014 season . Grand Prix racing began in 1906 and became the most popular type internationally in the second half of the twentieth century . The Formula One Group is the legal holder of the commercial rights . With the cost of designing and building mid-tier cars being of the order of $ 120 million , Formula One 's economic effect and creation of jobs are significant , and its financial and political battles are widely reported . Its high profile and popularity have created a major merchandising environment , which has resulted in great investments from sponsors and budgets in the hundreds of millions for the constructors . Since 2000 the sport 's spiralling expenditures and the distribution of prize money favouring established top teams have forced complaints from smaller teams and led several teams to bankruptcy . On 8 September 2016 it was announced that Liberty Media Corp. had agreed to buy Delta Topco , the company that controls Formula One , from private equity firm CVC Capital Partners for $ 4.4 billion in cash , stock and convertible debt . On 23 January 2017 it was confirmed that Liberty Media had completed its $ 8 billion acquisition of Delta Topco .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9af429c33690993f3e7fd3d126355d0c",
"text": "1991 Formula One season The 1991 Formula One season was the 45th season of FIA Formula One motor racing . It featured the 1991 FIA Formula One World Championship , which commenced on 10 March 1991 and ended on 3 November after sixteen races . Ayrton Senna won his third and last Drivers ' World Championship and McLaren-Honda won the Constructors ' Championship . Senna 's main title challenger was Nigel Mansell at Williams , who won five races on his return to the team compared to Senna 's seven . Senna 's fierce rival Alain Prost failed to win a race with Ferrari in stark contrast to his title challenge the year before and left the team even before the end of the season . 1991 also saw the debuts of future world champions Michael Schumacher and Mika Häkkinen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09d55bf6a9475192f857e93835c9166f",
"text": "1964 Mexican Grand Prix The 1964 Mexican Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at the Ciudad Deportiva Magdalena Mixhuca in Mexico City on October 25 , 1964 . It was the final round of the 1964 Formula One season . It was perhaps the most dramatic finale in the history of the Formula One World Championship . Championship points could only be scored by the first six place finishers ( 9-6-4-3-2-1 ) . Arriving to the race , three drivers had a chance of winning the title : Graham Hill ( BRM ) with 39 points , John Surtees ( Ferrari ) with 34 points and Jim Clark ( Lotus-Climax ) with 30 points . In order to win the title Clark had to win the race and hope that John Surtees would finish not higher than third and Graham Hill not higher than fourth . Surtees could only win the title by finishing first , in each case , or second , unless Hill finished as high as third . The race began with Clark leading from pole position with Dan Gurney running second in the Brabham-Climax ( Gurney had only ten points going into this race having won the French Grand Prix and scored a sixth place at the Belgian Grand Prix ) . Hill and Lorenzo Bandini , Surtees ' teammate at Ferrari , were duelling for third place with Surtees running a distant fifth , seemingly with no chance at winning the title . Then Bandini ran into the back of Hill 's car causing him to spin and lose a few places . Thereafter Hill 's car ran with a crimped exhaust pipe causing him to lose power . The championship was now firmly in Clark 's grasp . If the positions remained the same , he would be champion with four victories to Hill 's two victories , although they would be tied on points at 39 . But on the penultimate lap , Clark 's engine seized and the positions were now Gurney-Bandini-Surtees . The title was back in Hill 's grasp . Realizing that Surtees could win the title by finishing second , the Ferrari team manager frantically signalled Bandini to slow down as he passed the pits to enter the last lap so as to let Surtees through . Bandini dutifully did so and Surtees finished second , thus winning the World Championship by one point over Hill ( 40 to 39 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2528cab7de2e455229e4e9ddc8049dc",
"text": "Microprocessor A microprocessor is a computer processor which incorporates the functions of a computer 's central processing unit ( CPU ) on a single integrated circuit ( IC ) , or at most a few integrated circuits . The microprocessor is a multipurpose , clock driven , register based , digital-integrated circuit which accepts binary data as input , processes it according to instructions stored in its memory , and provides results as output . Microprocessors contain both combinational logic and sequential digital logic . Microprocessors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system . The integration of a whole CPU onto a single chip or on a few chips greatly reduced the cost of processing power , increasing efficiency . Integrated circuit processors are produced in large numbers by highly automated processes resulting in a low per unit cost . Single-chip processors increase reliability as there are many fewer electrical connections to fail . As microprocessor designs get better , the cost of manufacturing a chip ( with smaller components built on a semiconductor chip the same size ) generally stays the same . Before microprocessors , small computers had been built using racks of circuit boards with many medium - and small-scale integrated circuits . Microprocessors combined this into one or a few large-scale ICs . Continued increases in microprocessor capacity have since rendered other forms of computers almost completely obsolete ( see history of computing hardware ) , with one or more microprocessors used in everything from the smallest embedded systems and handheld devices to the largest mainframes and supercomputers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3525de4ace8d20f4efa43783be80702",
"text": "Indianapolis 500 pace cars The Indianapolis 500 auto race has used a pace car every year since 1911 . The pace car is utilized for two primary purposes . At the start of the race , the pace car leads the assembled starting grid around the track for a predetermined number of unscored warm-up laps . Then if the officials deem appropriate , it releases the field at a purposeful speed to start the race . In addition , during yellow flag caution periods , the pace car enters the track and picks up the leader , bunching the field up at a reduced speed . Prior to the first `` 500 '' in 1911 , in the interest of safety , Indianapolis Motor Speedway founder Carl G. Fisher is commonly credited with the concept of a `` rolling start '' led by a pace car . Nearly all races at the time , as well as all Formula One races even to the present , utilize a standing start . In almost every year since 1936 , it has been a tradition that the winner of the Indianapolis 500 be presented with one of that year 's pace cars ( or a replica ) . In most years since 1911 , the driver of the pace car at the start of the race has been an invited celebrity , a former racing driver , or notable figure in the automotive industry . Historically , the honor of supplying the pace car was , and continues to be , a coveted honor by the respective automobile manufactures and a marketing showcase for the particular make/model .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "338f6f7f5560f637ade058a10e1fa622",
"text": "2008 German Grand Prix The 2008 German Grand Prix ( formally the LXIX Großer Preis Santander von Deutschland ) was a Formula One motor race held on 20 July 2008 at the Hockenheimring , Hockenheim , Germany . It was the 10th race of the 2008 Formula One season and was contested over 67 laps . It was won by Lewis Hamilton for the McLaren team after starting from pole position . Nelson Piquet Jr. finished second for Renault , with Felipe Massa third for Ferrari . Hamilton maintained his startline advantage and led until he made his first pit stop on lap 18 . As other cars made their pit stops , Hamilton regained the lead on lap 22 . On lap 36 , Timo Glock crashed , and the race was neutralized by the deployment of the safety car . Hamilton , on a two-stop strategy , did not stop to get more fuel during this period , while all the cars around him did . Thus , when he did eventually stop on lap 50 , he rejoined the race in fifth position . In the closing stages of the race , Hamilton first overtook his teammate Heikki Kovalainen , then Massa , and finally Piquet , whilst also gaining a position due to Nick Heidfeld 's late pit stop . This allowed him to take the lead again on lap 60 , which he maintained to win the race . The victory was Hamilton 's second consecutive win , having won the preceding British Grand Prix at Silverstone . The win also put him ahead of his two main rivals in the Drivers ' Championship , Kimi Räikkönen ( who finished sixth ) and Massa , who were on equal points with him before the race . After the race he was four points ahead of Massa , and seven ahead of Räikkönen . In the Constructors ' Championship , McLaren drew closer to the two teams ahead of them , BMW Sauber and Ferrari . Ferrari still led by 15 points from McLaren , and 12 from BMW , whose drivers -- Nick Heidfeld and Robert Kubica -- finished fourth and seventh respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9cc999fab3a7b437cd9b76cd4877c108",
"text": "Lewis Hamilton Lewis Carl Davidson Hamilton , MBE ( born 7 January 1985 ) is a British Formula One racing driver from England , currently racing for the Mercedes AMG Petronas team . A three-time Formula One World Champion , he is regarded by fellow and former drivers as one of the greatest Formula One drivers in the history of the sport . He won his first title with McLaren in 2008 before moving to Mercedes , where he won back-to-back titles in 2014 and 2015 . In December 1995 , at the age of ten , he approached McLaren team principal Ron Dennis at the Autosport Awards ceremony and told him , `` I want to race for you one day ... I want to race for McLaren . '' Less than three years later McLaren and Mercedes-Benz signed him to their Young Driver Support Programme . After winning the British Formula Renault , Formula Three Euroseries , and GP2 championships on his way up the racing career ladder , he drove for McLaren in 2007 , making his Formula One debut 12 years after his initial encounter with Dennis . Hamilton 's contract for the McLaren driver development program made him the youngest ever driver to secure a contract which later resulted in a Formula One drive . Coming from a mixed background , with a black father and white mother , Hamilton is the first black driver to race in Formula One . Hamilton commented on this , saying `` The way I see it , my colour is an advantage in that it 's something people talk about '' , `` Being the first black man does n't matter much to me personally , but for the sport itself it probably means quite a lot . '' In his first season in Formula One , Hamilton set numerous records while finishing second in the 2007 Formula One Championship , just one point behind Kimi Räikkönen . He won the World Championship the following season in dramatic fashion , becoming the then-youngest Formula One World Champion in history before Sebastian Vettel broke the record two years later . Following his second world title in 2014 , he was named BBC Sports Personality of the Year . In 2015 , he became the first British driver in history to win consecutive F1 titles , and the second British driver to win three titles after Jackie Stewart . He also became the first English driver to reach that milestone . He is the first driver in the history of F1 to have made the podium after starting 20th place or lower at least 3 times . He is the only driver in the history of the sport to have won at least one race in each season he has competed to date , with McLaren from 2007 until 2012 , and with Mercedes since 2013 . He has more race victories than any other British driver in the history of Formula One . His Grand Prix victories is the second highest of all-time having surpassed Alain Prost 's total of 51 at the 2016 Brazilian Grand Prix , behind only Michael Schumacher at 91 . Hamilton also holds the record for most wins in the season without winning the World Championship , after winning 10 times in the 2016 season where he finished runner-up to teammate Nico Rosberg .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83715f2187baea0bb826895f46986de3",
"text": "Endurance racing (motorsport) Endurance racing is a form of motorsport racing which is meant to test the durability of equipment and endurance of participants . Teams of multiple drivers attempt to cover a large distance in a single event , with participants given a break with the ability to change during the race . Endurance races can be run either to cover a set distance in laps as quickly as possible , or to cover as much distance as possible over a preset amount of time . One of the more common lengths of endurance races has been running for 1000 km , or roughly six hours . Longer races can run for 1000 mi , 12 hours , or even 24 hours . Teams can consist of anywhere from two to four drivers per event , which is dependent on the driver 's endurance abilities , length of the race , or even the rules for each event .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68a6550367d10f829d563d6646e345fc",
"text": "Vehicular automation Vehicular automation involves the use of mechatronics , artificial intelligence , and multi-agent system to assist a vehicle 's operator . These features and the vehicles employing them may be labeled as intelligent or smart . A vehicle using automation for difficult tasks , especially navigation , may be referred to as semi-autonomous . A vehicle relying solely on automation is consequently referred to as robotic or autonomous . After the invention of the integrated circuit , the sophistication of automation technology increased . Manufacturers and researchers subsequently added a variety of automated functions to automobiles and other vehicles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87ab7222190b8ad36c5369963a1b8b95",
"text": "BAR 002 The BAR 002 was the car with which the British American Racing Formula One team competed in the 2000 Formula One season . It was driven by the 1997 World Champion Jacques Villeneuve , and Brazilian Ricardo Zonta , both drivers in their second year with the team . The car proved a reassuringly competent runner after the 1999 disaster ; the team 's début season in which it embarrassingly failed to score any points . Villeneuve scored seven points finishes , whilst Zonta backed him up with three . However , the number two driver was dropped at the end of the year to make way for Olivier Panis , who had spent the season as McLaren 's test driver . The year also marked the inaugural season of a Honda engine supply , a partnership which would eventually lead to the team being bought out by the Japanese company for the 2006 season . The team eventually finished fifth in the Constructors ' Championship , with 20 points . This tally was equal to the Benetton team , but Giancarlo Fisichella 's podium finishes ensured that the Anglo-Italian team stayed ahead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a64a93993b0dbd77a4be5c44d20e2e6b",
"text": "Lotus 87 The Lotus 87 was a Formula One racing car used by Team Lotus in the second part of the 1981 Formula One season and in the first race of the 1982 season . The car , driven by Italian Elio de Angelis and future world champion Nigel Mansell , was another step in Lotus ' development of ground effect cars . Its predecessor , the Lotus 81 had proven to suffer from a chassis that was not rigid enough , compared to the dominant Williams FW07 . Lotus therefore introduced a new chassis , built out of carbon fibre and reinforced by kevlar sheets , since the team felt carbon fibre alone would not be sufficient to provide the chassis with the stability needed . As the John Barnard-designed McLaren MP4/1 would prove , this was a miscalculation . The chassis was originally planned for the ambitious twin-chassis Lotus 88 , but after the car was outlawed , it was hastily rebuilt to become the more conservative 87 . The car was not competitive enough to fight for victories , even though the drivers did manage to get some points . When the new turbo charged engines of Renault and Ferrari became more reliable , the car proved to be yet still too heavy and was replaced by a lighter 87B specification for the opening round of 1982 . It was subsequently replaced altogether by the Lotus 91 , which proved more competitive , recording a podium in its first outing in Brazil .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "58e6f820fba601ac1babe1b942b347dc",
"text": "2015 Monaco Grand Prix The 2015 Monaco Grand Prix , formally known as the Grand Prix de Monaco 2015 , was a Formula One motor race that was held on 24 May 2015 at the Circuit de Monaco , a street circuit that runs through the principality of Monaco . It was the sixty-second running of the race as a World Championship event , and seventy-third running overall . Mercedes driver Lewis Hamilton entered the race with a twenty-point lead over teammate and defending race winner Nico Rosberg in the Drivers ' Championship , with Mercedes having a seventy-point lead over Ferrari in the Constructors ' Championship . World Champion Lewis Hamilton secured his first ever Monaco pole position during Saturday 's qualifying . In the race , Nico Rosberg took his third consecutive win at Monaco , second win of the season , and the tenth of his career , while Sebastian Vettel finished second . Championship leader Hamilton , who had led for most of the race , moved from first into third place following a `` pit stop misjudgement '' during a late safety car period , for which his team , Mercedes , later apologised . The renewed McLaren-Honda partnership scored its first points since Honda 's return to the sport . With Rosberg 's victory , he was able to reduce his deficit in the World Drivers ' Championship to ten points .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f4d4bb8a28ff34ec62910e15ac8abb9e",
"text": "Automobile handling Automobile handling and vehicle handling are descriptions of the way a wheeled vehicle responds and reacts to the inputs of a driver , as well as how it moves along a track or road . It is commonly judged by how a vehicle performs particularly during cornering , acceleration , and braking as well as on the vehicle 's directional stability when moving in steady state condition . In the automotive industry , handling and braking are the major components of a vehicle 's `` active '' safety , as well as its ability to perform in Auto Racing . The maximum lateral acceleration is sometimes discussed separately as `` road holding '' . ( This discussion is directed at road vehicles with at least three wheels , but some of it may apply to other ground vehicles ) . Automobiles driven on public roads whose engineering requirements emphasize handling over comfort and passenger space are named sports cars .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7920df1167826b7aa6a75b3408609664",
"text": "1972 Formula One season The 1972 Formula One season was the 26th season of the FIA 's Formula One motor racing . It featured the 23rd World Championship of Drivers , the 15th International Cup for F1 Manufacturers and numerous non-championship Formula One races . The World Championship season commenced on 23 January and ended on 8 October after twelve races . For 1972 Team Lotus focused again on the type 72 chassis . Imperial Tobacco continued its sponsorship of the team under its new John Player Special brand . The cars , now often referred to as ` JPS ' , were fielded in a new black and gold livery . Lotus took the championship by surprise in 1972 with 25-year-old Brazilian driver Emerson Fittipaldi who became the youngest world champion at that point . Stewart came second in the championship . This was the first year where all the races were run on circuits with safety features on them , and considerable progress had been made since 1968 , the last year where all races were run on circuits with no safety features . The British Racing Motors ( BRM ) team took its last victory when Jean-Pierre Beltoise won the rain-affected 1972 Monaco Grand Prix in a BRM P160 . The Dutch Grand Prix was cancelled this year because of safety arrangements that were not completed for the race . It was supposed to be held between the Belgian and French Grand Prix 's at the usual location , Zandvoort . Also , a second American motor race called the United States Grand Prix West , originally supposed to be held in April at the Ontario Motor Speedway near Los Angeles , was cancelled . The Mexican Grand Prix was scheduled to be the last race of the season , but it was cancelled after local interest dissipated after the death of Pedro Rodríguez .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19a6cb17590b1a482f6e55da389ed27b",
"text": "Williams FW26 The Williams FW26 is a Formula One racing car designed and built by Williams F1 for the 2004 Formula One season . The design team was led by Patrick Head , Gavin Fisher and Antonia Terzi . It was driven by Ralf Schumacher and Juan Pablo Montoya and proved to be one of the most attention grabbing cars of the season . The FW26 was powered by a BMW 3.0 V10 engine , one of the most powerful in F1 at the time . Williams had finished 2003 with arguably the strongest package overall , and great expectation was on the team to win both titles in 2004 , having come so close the previous year . To this end , Head supervised the car with the aim of being on the pace immediately , whilst his design team came up with a revolutionary aerodynamics package . The car featured a radical front section , nicknamed the ` Walrus nose ' . It featured a short , stubby nosecone connected to the front wing by sloping vertical spars which allowed more airflow to the underside of the car . In an effort to maximise the airflow , the front suspension was designed around the twin keel principle , pioneered by Sauber and also used by McLaren and Jordan . The FW26 proved fast in pre-season testing and Montoya was tipped as a title favourite , but during the season proper the car proved difficult to set up and was inconsistent , with Montoya and Schumacher both struggling to maximise the car 's potential . The car was genuinely outpaced by the Renaults and BARs of that time , as well as the Byrne/Brawn-designed Ferrari F2004 , which dominated much of the season . This meant the team was largely in the upper midpack among the competition this year , but not in contention for the title . The mid-season was especially barren . The cars were disqualified from second and fifth-place finishes in Canada for running brakes that infringed the technical regulations , and Schumacher suffered a heavy crash at Indianapolis , sidelining him for three months . His replacements , Marc Gené and Antônio Pizzonia could do little with the car and it was left to Montoya to defend Williams 's honour . The team redesigned the front end of the car in time for the Hungarian Grand Prix and fitted the car with a more conventional nosecone . This helped bring an upsurge of competitiveness to the car and gave Montoya a needed boost . It was with this configuration that Montoya set the all-time fastest F1 lap in pre-qualifying at Monza , almost 163 mph average . This does not stand as a lap record as it was not set during the race . He rounded off the season with a win in Brazil , whilst the returning Schumacher put in strong drives in Japan and China . They eventually finished fourth in the constructors standings , just behind Renault , making 2004 the worst season for Williams since 1999 . Both drivers left at the end of the season , and the replacement FW27 was designed to be a far more conventional car for the following year . Following Montoya 's win in Brazil , Williams would not score another until eight years later at the 2012 Spanish Grand Prix , which was won by Pastor Maldonado in the FW34 . The FW26 was the last Williams Formula One car that was designed under the supervision of longtime Williams technical director Patrick Head .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b20c443ba424ac04bc96f370c7d44bdf",
"text": "F1 2000 (disambiguation) F1 2000 may refer to : The 2000 Formula One season , the 51st FIA Formula One World Championship season EA Sports F1 2000 , a video game by EA based on the above F1 season released as part of the EA Sports F1 Series Formula One 2000 ( video game ) , a video game by Psygnosis , based on the above F1 season F1 Championship Season 2000 , a video game by EA Sports , based on the above F1 season",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "edf726d15753b352bab9360ac3123a05",
"text": "European Formula Two Championship The European Formula Two Championship was a Formula Two motor racing series that was held between 1967 -- 84 . The races were held across Europe , and were contested both by drivers aiming to compete in Formula One in the future as well as current Formula One drivers wishing to practice . The series was sanctioned by the FIA , motorsports world governing body . In order to prevent the series being dominated by Formula One drivers , the grading system was introduced where successful Formula One drivers and recent Formula Two champions were not eligible to score championship points if they competed in a round of the European Formula Two Championship . Towards the end of the series life , the number of entrants diminished and declining interest meant that it was replaced by the Formula 3000 class following the 1984 season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3394ad45d3473c64a6d0da14f2458e74",
"text": "Formula One Championship Edition Formula One Championship Edition is a racing video game , developed by SCE Studio Liverpool and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 3 . The game follows the basic structure of Formula One 06 for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable . The main differences include the updated visuals for the PS3 including a lot more detail , Sixaxis compatibility , real time reflections , car reflections on wet circuits and new wet weather effects . It was announced early in development that the safety car would be included in the game for the first time in an F1 game since Formula One 99 for the PlayStation . However , it was removed before the final release along with the PSP wing mirror integration shown at E3 . The game also boasts dynamic weather , and improved AI . The AI system is called `` Live Action Racing '' where one can pressure the opposition , causing them to make little mistakes such as running wide on corners , causing them to crash into other cars or spin off the road of their own accord . The AI will then try to seek opportunities to pass the player in a realistic manner . The game is based on the early 2006 F1 season . Hence , Yuji Ide drives for Super Aguri when in reality he lost his super licence just 4 races into the '06 season , and Franck Montagny , then later Sakon Yamamoto took his seat . Other minor changes throughout the real 2006 season are also not represented . In the career mode , players begin by running tests for one of three teams ( Toro Rosso , Super Aguri or Midland F1 ) at either the Silverstone , Magny Cours or Catalunya circuits . The tests given vary between the teams . When the player successfully completes the tests , they are given the role of test driver or race driver , depending on how well the player performed in the test . After performing well as a test driver , the player will become the second driver of the team . From there the player can compete in race weekends through many different roles . As a test driver the player will try out different car settings in practice , and as a driver the player will have track position targets to meet to keep the seat . The player 's performances are subject to review at several points during the season . The initial release did not include force-feedback support , which is considered by many to be an important feature for simulation racing games used with driving wheel controllers . A subsequent update in early 2008 added force feedback . The game also lacks support for 1080i or 1080p output resolutions . Per the calendar , the Belgian Grand Prix is not included . The game 's cover in the North America version ( as seen on the right ) features Fernando Alonso ( the defending world champion at that time in 2006 ) who drove for the Renault team , Jenson Button who drove for the Honda team and David Coulthard who drove for the Red Bull Racing team . Like previous games , it featured in-game commentary from then ITV F1 commentators Martin Brundle and James Allen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d285cd4823b02f894aba46722065315",
"text": "1998 Italian Grand Prix The 1998 Italian Grand Prix was a Formula One motor race held at Monza on 13 September 1998 . The race was won by Michael Schumacher . This was also the last win for tyre manufacturer Goodyear in Formula One . It was a dramatic race , Häkkinen got a blinding start pushing his way past Jacques Villeneuve and Michael Schumacher on the front row , at same time it was a dreadful start for Schumacher who fell down to 5th , soon after he passed Villeneuve for 4th then Irvine for 3rd . Häkkinen was struggling with a developing brake issue soon after and he waved his team mate Coulthard through , but soon after Coulthard 's engine blew and seconds later Schumacher , who had caught Häkkinen , passed the Finn when Häkkinen had adjusted his brake bias forwards to cope with the brake problem and ran wide due to the smoke from Coulthard 's engine . Villeneuve running very low downforce soon spun out of the race , and Häkkinen started catching Schumacher again . Häkkinen was just three seconds behind with a handful of laps remaining , but then his rear brakes failed , sending him into a wild spin at the Roggia chicane . He was able to keep his engine running and kept going , but at the beginning of the next lap he went off again at the first Rettifilo chicane , and Irvine reeled him in and took 2nd off him . Soon after Ralf Schumacher caught and over took Häkkinen who was able to limp home in 4th . It was jubliant scenes for the Italian crowd as Michael Schumacher came home first and his Ferrari team mate Eddie Irvine took second with Ralf Schumacher 3rd , meaning the Jordan team had finished on all three podium places in two races . Michael Schumacher was now level on points with Mika Häkkinen going into the Nürburgring , the penultimate round .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7839538f2db6efd162e2024eac1be6e3",
"text": "NASCAR 09 NASCAR 09 is the twelfth installment in the EA Sports NASCAR series , it is the sequel to 2007 game NASCAR 08 . It is developed by EA Tiburon and released on the PlayStation 2 , PlayStation 3 , Xbox 360 and mobile phones in North America on June 10 , 2008 . On March 12 , 2008 , EA announced Jeff Gordon as the cover athlete for NASCAR 09 . Through the career mode , `` Chase for the NASCAR Sprint Cup '' , Gordon leads a mentoring program , a new feature offered in NASCAR 09 . This is also the third EA Sports NASCAR video game to appear on a handheld system for Mobile phone version . In October 2007 , Electronic Arts moved the PlayStation 2 game development to a new studio in North Carolina to be able to get better information with the NASCAR teams in an attempt to improve the game . The PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions of the game were still made at the old studio . Due to the development team using certain resources to work on key features in the game , no car manufacturers were present in this year 's title . This is the last NASCAR game to be produced by EA for the original platforms . In 2009 , NASCAR Kart Racing was released , replacing any 2009 installment for the annual series . It was EA 's last game before their exclusive license with NASCAR expired . Yet the door to NASCAR games for the PlayStation 2 has been shut , as Polyphony Digital 's Gran Turismo 5 was not featured for the sixth-generation console . For game players in Canada , while the game was still released only in English , the instruction manual and box cover were bilingual , with text in both English and French .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a6b9c6ea3a693796359e223fece1a4e9",
"text": "Bahrain Grand Prix The Bahrain Grand Prix is a Formula One Championship race in Bahrain sponsored by Gulf Air . The first race took place at the Bahrain International Circuit on 4 April 2004 . It made history as the first Formula One Grand Prix to be held in the Middle East , and was given the award for the `` Best Organised Grand Prix '' by the FIA . The Bahrain Grand Prix has usually been the third race of the Formula One calendar . However , in the 2006 season , Bahrain swapped places with the traditional opener , the Australian Grand Prix , which was pushed back to avoid a clash with the Commonwealth Games . In 2010 , Bahrain staged the opening race of the 2010 season and the cars drove the full 6.299 km `` Endurance Circuit '' to celebrate F1 's ` diamond jubilee ' . The 2011 Grand Prix , due to be held on 13 March , was cancelled on 21 February due to the 2011 Bahraini protests after drivers including Damon Hill and Mark Webber had protested . Human rights activists called for a cancellation of 2012 race due to reports of alleged human rights abuses committed by the Bahraini authorities . Team personnel also voiced concerns about safety , but the race , nonetheless , was held as planned on 22 April 2012 . In 2014 , to commemorate the tenth anniversary of the first staging of the Bahrain Grand Prix , the race was held as a night event under floodlights . In so doing it became the second Formula One night race after the Singapore Grand Prix in 2008 . Bahrain 's inaugural night event was won by Lewis Hamilton . Subsequent races have also been night races . Shortly after the Formula One February 2014 testing , Grand Prix organizers for Bahrain announced a decision to name the first corner of the iconic track after former seven-time champion German driver Michael Schumacher in honour of his achievements and also in support after the driver suffered an almost fatal skiing accident late December 2013 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b3a149c421f2b6a3c590aab4380e0250 | Tall Story was directed by Joshua Logan. | [
{
"docid": "240d87b84d6cf99689b4fa2924273be7",
"text": "Tall Story Tall Story is a 1960 American romantic comedy film made by Warner Bros. , directed by Joshua Logan and starring Anthony Perkins with Jane Fonda , in her first screen role , at the age of 22 . It is based on the 1957 novel `` The Homecoming Game '' by Howard Nemerov , which was the basis of a successful 1959 Broadway play , called Tall Story , by the writing team of Howard Lindsay and Russel Crouse . The film was a considerable departure from Logan 's previous two projects , the drama Sayonara , which won multiple Academy Awards , and the blockbuster South Pacific and was Robert Redford 's first film ever , where he played an uncredited basketball player . Tall Story is a farcical social satire of American campus life , making fun of the way college life can become a marriage market for some students . Fonda portrays a character who is the complete opposite of the independent liberated woman she later personified .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2144185d8a05f6645bbf4cd82420a541",
"text": "Ash Brannon Ash Brannon ( born 1969 in Columbus , Georgia ) is an American animator , writer and director . He was a story artist and directing animator on Toy Story and co-director on Toy Story 2 . Besides working at Pixar he has also worked with DreamWorks Animation on Over the Hedge and Sony Pictures Animation on Surf 's Up . Brannon studied visual arts at Douglas Anderson School of the Arts in Jacksonville , Florida for high school and went on to CalArts for further education . Studying in CalArts Character Animation program , Brannon likewise practiced his skills in animation as a trainee for Disney Animation 's 1989 film The Little Mermaid . From 1990-92 . In the meantime , Brannon served as an animator for such projects as Nike 's Hare Jordan Super Bowl ad in 1992 and the television series That 's Warner Bros. ! . He won an Annie Award for Outstanding Individual Achievement for Directing in an Animated Feature Production and Outstanding Individual Achievement for Writing in an Animated Feature Production on Toy Story 2 . He was also nominated for an Oscar in 2007 on Surf 's Up . According to the Toy Story 2 DVD audio commentary , Al McWhiggin 's license plate `` LZTYBRN , '' is Brannon 's actual license plate .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d515fa8355ad84f864b066ab9d157c1f",
"text": "The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film) The Curious Case of Benjamin Button is a 2008 American romantic fantasy drama film directed by David Fincher . The storyline by Eric Roth and Robin Swicord is loosely based on the 1922 short story of the same name by F. Scott Fitzgerald . The film stars Brad Pitt as a man who ages in reverse and Cate Blanchett as the love interest throughout his life . The film was released in North America on December 25 , 2008 to positive reviews . The film went on to receive thirteen Academy Award nominations , including Best Picture , Best Director for Fincher , Best Actor for Pitt and Best Supporting Actress for Taraji P. Henson , and won three , for Best Art Direction , Best Makeup , and Best Visual Effects .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4f944c32c39aad75c68892a16831ae0",
"text": "L.A. Story (song) L.A. Story is a song by American rapper Sammy Adams . The song was released on May 28 , 2013 through RCA Records . The song features American pop singer Mike Posner . The song was written by Sammy Adams , Mike Posner , Ryan Tedder , Noel Zancanella and Oren Yoel . Tedder and Zancanella also produced the song .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1ccefd5507150188209ef917cc1bfee",
"text": "A Single Woman (film) A Single Woman is a 2008 film made by Nevada Shakespeare Company and Heroica Films . It was directed by Kamala Lopez and produced by Cameron Crain , Richard Shelgren and Kamala Lopez . The screenplay was by Jeanmarie Simpson based on her play with the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e496a5f86a5f311e4a46f1f6756565d8",
"text": "The Tall Man: Death and Life on Palm Island The Tall Man : Death and Life on Palm Island is a 2008 book by Chloe Hooper . It is about the events surrounding the death in custody of Australian Aboriginal , Cameron Doomadgee .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f4c32797741a74c1b25fa6d76b95ed",
"text": "Toy Story (franchise) Toy Story is a computer animated film series and Disney media franchise that began with the original 1995 film , Toy Story , produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Walt Disney Pictures . The franchise is based on the anthropomorphic concept that all toys , unknown to humans , are secretly alive , and the films focus on a diverse group of toys that feature a classic cowboy , Sheriff Woody , and modern spaceman , Buzz Lightyear . The group unexpectedly embark on adventures that challenge and change them . The first two films of the franchise were directed by John Lasseter , and the third by Lee Unkrich , who acted as the co-director of the second film ( together with Lasseter and Ash Brannon ) . Lasseter will return to direct the upcoming fourth film . All three films , produced on a total budget of $ 320 million , have grossed more than $ 1.9 billion worldwide . Each film set box office records , with the third included in the top 15 all time worldwide films . Critics have given all three films extremely positive reviews . Special Blu-ray and DVD editions of Toy Story and Toy Story 2 were released on March 23 , 2010 . They were also re-released in theaters as a Disney Digital 3-D `` double feature '' for at least two weeks in October 2009 . The series is the 24th highest-grossing franchise worldwide , the fifth highest-grossing animated franchise ( behind Shrek , Ice Age , Despicable Me and Madagascar ) , and is among the most critically acclaimed trilogies of all time . On November 1 , 2011 , all three Toy Story films were released in Disney Blu-ray 3D as a trilogy pack and as individual films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9eb383bcb451e30a12a869d4890c12f9",
"text": "Jacob Hopkins Jacob Turner Hopkins ( born March 4 , 2002 in San Francisco , California ) is an American actor . He is known for playing the role as Alexander Drew in True Blood , and for playing the voice of Gumball ( second for series , third overall ) , in The Amazing World of Gumball , replacing Logan Grove starting from season 3 . However , in mid-season 5 , he was replaced by Nicolas Cantu , whereas his voice had changed by then .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aeae9a32656b3843d5450e9a0bd392ad",
"text": "I (film) I ( also known as Shankar 's I ) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language romantic thriller film written and directed by Shankar and co-written by Subha . Produced and distributed by V. Ravichandran under his production company , Aascar Films , the film features Vikram and Amy Jackson in lead roles while Suresh Gopi , Upen Patel , Santhanam and Ramkumar Ganesan portray pivotal roles . The soundtrack and film score were composed by A. R. Rahman . Production design was handled by T. Muthuraj . P. C. Sreeram was the film 's cinematographer and editing was done by Anthony . The visual effects were designed by V. Srinivas Mohan through Rising Sun Pictures . Weta Workshop had worked on the digital and prosthetic make-up and background arts for the film . Principal photography commenced on 15 July 2012 . The filming lasted for two years and eight months , during which shooting was done extensively in China . Further schedules were filmed in locations in Chennai , Bangkok , Jodhpur , Kodaikanal , Pollachi , Bangalore and Mysore . The film was dubbed and released in Telugu and Hindi along with the Tamil version . The film , released on Pongal 2015 , tells the story of a body builder turned supermodel , played by Vikram , who after being deformed , exacts revenge upon those who were responsible for his predicament . Critics praised Vikram 's performance , the technical aspects of the film - especially the costume design and makeup , and A.R. Rahman 's soundtrack and score but criticised the ` wafer-thin ' writing and screenplay and the film 's excessive length ( 188 minutes ) . However , the film was a commercial success , grossing worldwide , becoming the fourth-highest grossing Tamil film and Vikram 's highest-grossing film at the time . Vikram won the Filmfare Award for Best Actor -- Tamil for the movie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d7a02f6d0563cc32e42d6d9fd60ad39",
"text": "A Chinese Tall Story A Chinese Tall Story is a 2005 Hong Kong fantasy adventure film written and directed by Jeffrey Lau . The story is loosely based on the novel Journey to the West .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca74987655514d3bc47fe8b11340662",
"text": "Danny Strong Daniel W. `` Danny '' Strong ( born June 6 , 1974 ) is an American actor , screenwriter , and producer . As an actor , Strong is best known for his roles as Jonathan Levinson in Buffy the Vampire Slayer and Doyle McMaster in Gilmore Girls . He also wrote the screenplays for Recount , the HBO adaptation Game Change , Lee Daniels ' The Butler , and the two-part finale of The Hunger Games film trilogy , Mockingjay -- Part 1 and Mockingjay -- Part 2 . Strong also is a co-creator , executive producer , and writer for the Fox series Empire . Strong has won two Emmy Awards , two Writers Guild of America Awards , a Producers Guild of America Award , and a NAACP Image Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "025ec13b564cd27871d4fb752ec19ecd",
"text": "Spellbound Pictures Spellbound Pictures Ltd. , USA LLC is a film and television production and distribution company founded by Mark McClafferty and Pamela Edwards McClafferty in 1996 . Spellbound Pictures completed a $ 60,000,000.00 , 12 picture deal with Ellipse/Canal + , the French Entertainment giant in 1996 to supply the United Artist Theatre Circuit with a steady flow of family friendly films . It was under this deal that Spellbound Pictures along with Mehra Entertainment completed The Climb , starring John Hurt , Gregory Smith , and David Strathairn , which won eight international film festival awards and was released February 26 , 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84b006dcbe140c1f78c368b4543092d3",
"text": "Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor . Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios . In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever . Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide . Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole . Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected . In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie . Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 . Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "996f35f1aea943a7291af189873ae614",
"text": "Utah Stories Utah Stories is an online and print-based alternative news source covering the greater Salt Lake City area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3297efa353dcda5c2b052cfe0d62cf23",
"text": "The Story of God with Morgan Freeman The Story of God with Morgan Freeman is an American television documentary series that premiered on the National Geographic Channel on April 3 , 2016 . The six-part series features actor Morgan Freeman who explores various cultures and religions , and their take on religion-related topics , particularly about their belief in a God or a higher power . The second season began airing on January 16 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06e265863ef32115510b7449e646812b",
"text": "Love Story (1970 film) Love Story is a 1970 American romantic drama film written by Erich Segal , who was also the author of the best-selling novel of the same name . It was produced by Howard G. Minskyand directed by Arthur Hiller and starred Ali MacGraw and Ryan O'Neal , alongside John Marley , Ray Milland , and Tommy Lee Jones in his film debut in a minor role . A tragedy , the film is considered one of the most romantic by the American Film Institute ( # 9 on the list ) and is # 37 in the list of highest-grossing films in Canada and the United States . It was followed by a sequel , Oliver 's Story ( 1978 ) , starring O'Neal with Candice Bergen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bf46fc2c16260c2a2447ad6d3b25962",
"text": "List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews . Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4a1c1ef17745b9b39a4c96c7e38e542",
"text": "Nathan Dean Snyder Nathan D. Snyder is an American actor , producer , and writer . He is known for his work on The Sigil , Item 47 , and Player of the Game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "633dbf19b2bb4731be34d99e7b904c93",
"text": "The Bigger Picture The Bigger Picture is a 2014 British animated short film directed by Daisy Jacobs . It has been nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film at the 87th Academy Awards . It won the BAFTA Award for Best Short Animation at the 68th British Academy Film Awards . The film about two sons who are ambivalent about taking care of their aging mother , was made by combining 2D painted art and life-size puppetry , animated in life-size sets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8",
"text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
85a8d5afcbadac291b663f57dde13dca | About a third of people develop shingles at some point in their life. | [
{
"docid": "671dd143dd7e1bc2259257ad9b31023f",
"text": "Shingles Shingles , also known as herpes zoster , is a viral disease characterized by a painful skin rash with blisters in a localized area . Typically the rash occurs in a single stripe either on the left or right of the body or face . Two to four days before the rash occurs there may be tingling or local pain in the area . Otherwise there are typically few symptoms . The rash usually heals within two to four weeks ; however , some people develop ongoing nerve pain which can last for months or years , a condition called postherpetic neuralgia . In those with poor immune function the rash may occur widely . If the rash involves the eye , vision loss may occur . Shingles is due to a reactivation of varicella zoster virus ( VZV ) within a person 's body . Chickenpox is due to an initial infection with VZV . Once chickenpox has resolved , the virus may remain inactive in nerve cells . When it reactivates it travels from the nerve body to the endings in the skin producing blisters . Risk factors for reactivation include old age , poor immune function , and having had chickenpox before 18 months of age . How the virus remains in the body or subsequently re-activates is not well understood . Exposure to the virus in the blisters can cause chickenpox in someone who has not had it before but will not trigger shingles . Diagnosis is typically based on a person 's signs and symptoms . Varicella zoster virus is not the same as herpes simplex virus ; however , they belong to the same family of viruses . The shingles vaccine decreases the chance of shingles by about half in those between the ages of 50 and 80 . It also decreases rates of postherpetic neuralgia , and if an outbreak occurs , its severity . After 80 the vaccine is still effective , just less so . It contains the same material as the varicella vaccine , just at a higher dose . If shingles develops , antiviral medications such as aciclovir can reduce the severity and duration of disease if started within 72 hours of the appearance of the rash . Evidence does not show a significant effect of antivirals or steroids on rates of postherpetic neuralgia . Paracetamol , NSAIDs , or opioids may be used to help with the acute pain . It is estimated that about a third of people develop shingles at some point in their life . While more common among older people , children may also get the disease . The number of new cases per year ranges from 1.2 -- 3.4 per 1,000 among healthy individuals to 3.9 -- 11.8 per 1,000 among those older than 65 years of age . About half of those living to age 85 will have at least one attack , and less than 5 % will have more than one attack . The disease has been recognized since ancient times .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9f289277e406385014b8126dd348bc75",
"text": "Miliaria Miliaria ( -LSB- ˌmɪl.iˈɛər.i.ə -RSB- also called `` sweat rash '' , `` heat rash '' or `` prickly heat '' ) is a skin disease marked by small and itchy rashes . Miliaria is a common ailment in hot and humid conditions , such as in the tropics and during the summer season . Although it affects people of all ages , it is especially common in children and infants due to their underdeveloped sweat glands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65d7e1f451ebcfdb29bf14b119ab154a",
"text": "Age fabrication Age fabrication occurs when a person deliberately misrepresents their true age . This is usually done with the intent to garner privileges or status that would not otherwise be available to the person . It may be done through the use of oral or written statements or through the altering , doctoring or forging of vital records . On some occasions , age is increased so as to make cut-offs for minimum legal or employable age in showbusiness or professional sports . Sometimes it is not the people themselves who lower their public age , but others around them such as publicists , parents , and other handlers . Most cases involve taking or adding one or two years to their age . However , in more extreme cases such as with Al Lewis and Charo , a decade has been added or subtracted . Official state documents ( such as birth , marriage and death certificates , the census , and other identity documents ) typically provide the correct date . Although uncommon in modern Western society , it is still possible for a person not to know their exact date of birth . Such a person may arbitrarily choose a date of birth which after later research is found to be false . This situation should not be considered age fabrication as there is no obvious intent to deceive on the part of the individual . Subtracting time from one 's age is often known in English as `` shaving '' , while adding time to one 's age may be referred to as `` padding '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e55af7e6783177820fc5319ab17ec95f",
"text": "Child sexual abuse Child sexual abuse or child molestation is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation . Forms of child sexual abuse include engaging in sexual activities with a child ( whether by asking or pressuring , or by other means ) , indecent exposure ( of the genitals , female nipples , etc. ) , child grooming , or using a child to produce child pornography . Child sexual abuse can occur in a variety of settings , including home , school , or work ( in places where child labor is common ) . Child marriage is one of the main forms of child sexual abuse ; UNICEF has stated that child marriage `` represents perhaps the most prevalent form of sexual abuse and exploitation of girls '' . The effects of child sexual abuse can include depression , post-traumatic stress disorder , anxiety , complex post-traumatic stress disorder , propensity to further victimization in adulthood , and physical injury to the child , among other problems . Sexual abuse by a family member is a form of incest and can result in more serious and long-term psychological trauma , especially in the case of parental incest . The global prevalence of child sexual abuse has been estimated at 19.7 % for females and 7.9 % for males . Most sexual abuse offenders are acquainted with their victims ; approximately 30 % are relatives of the child , most often brothers , fathers , uncles , or cousins ; around 60 % are other acquaintances , such as `` friends '' of the family , babysitters , or neighbors ; strangers are the offenders in approximately 10 % of child sexual abuse cases . Most child sexual abuse is committed by men ; studies on female child molesters show that women commit 14 % to 40 % of offenses reported against boys and 6 % of offenses reported against girls . The word pedophile is commonly applied indiscriminately to anyone who sexually abuses a child , but child sexual offenders are not pedophiles unless they have a strong sexual interest in prepubescent children . Under the law , child sexual abuse is often used as an umbrella term describing criminal and civil offenses in which an adult engages in sexual activity with a minor or exploits a minor for the purpose of sexual gratification . The American Psychological Association states that `` children can not consent to sexual activity with adults '' , and condemns any such action by an adult : `` An adult who engages in sexual activity with a child is performing a criminal and immoral act which never can be considered normal or socially acceptable behavior . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b95ff6edca830fe3ff9bc2786dfe0c03",
"text": "Baby boomers Baby boomers are the demographic cohort following the Silent Generation . There are no precise dates when the cohort birth years start and end . Typically , they range from the early-to-mid 1940s and end from 1960 to 1964 . Increased birth rates were observed during the post -- World War II baby boom making the baby boomers a relatively large demographic cohort . The term `` baby boomer '' is also used in a cultural context , so it is difficult to achieve broad consensus of a precise date definition . Different people , organizations , and scholars have varying opinions on who is a baby boomer , both technically and culturally . Ascribing universal attributes to such a generation is difficult , and some believe it is inherently impossible , but many have attempted to determine their cultural similarities and historical impact , and the term has thus gained widespread popular usage . Baby boomers are associated with a rejection or redefinition of traditional values . Many commentators , however , have disputed the extent of that rejection , noting the widespread continuity of values with older and younger generations . In Europe and North America , boomers are widely associated with privilege , as many grew up in a time of widespread government subsidies in post-war housing and education , and increasing affluence . As a group , baby boomers were the wealthiest , most active , and most physically fit generation up to the era in which they arrived , and were amongst the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time . They were also the generation that received peak levels of income ; they could therefore reap the benefits of abundant levels of food , apparel , retirement programs , and sometimes even `` midlife crisis '' products . The increased consumerism for this generation has been regularly criticized as excessive . One feature of the boomers was that they have tended to think of themselves as a special generation , very different from those that had come before . In the 1960s , as the relatively large numbers of young people became teenagers and young adults , they , and those around them , created a very specific rhetoric around their cohort , and the changes they were bringing about . This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers , as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations , which was a relatively new phenomenon . The baby boom has been described variously as a `` shockwave '' and as `` the pig in the python . '' The term `` Generation Jones '' is sometimes used to describe those born between 1954 and 1965 . The term is typically used to refer to the later years of the Baby boomer cohort ( 1954-1960 ) and the early years of Generation X ( 1961-1965 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a77872070e99e5646e0be4e4e1c61d50",
"text": "Individual variation in second-language acquisition Individual variation in second-language acquisition is the study of why some people learn a second language better than others . Unlike children who acquire a language , adults learning a second language rarely reach the same level of competence as native speakers of that language . Some may stop studying a language before they have fully internalized it , and others may stop improving despite living in a foreign country for many years . It also appears that children are more likely than adults to reach native-like competence in a second language . There have been many studies that have attempted to explain these phenomena . A flurry of studies in the 1970s , often labelled the `` good language learner studies '' , sought to identify the distinctive factors characteristic of successful learners . Although those studies are now widely regarded as simplistic , they did serve to identify a number of factors affecting language acquisition . More detailed research on many of these specific factors continues today . For this reason , individual variation in second-language acquisition is not generally considered a single area of research . Rather , it is simply a convenient way to categorize studies about language aptitude , age and language learning , strategy use , and affective factors that affect language acquisition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f936288ee02e8d779d83ae308e801bc",
"text": "W-shingling In natural language processing a w-shingling is a set of unique `` shingles '' ( n-grams , contiguous subsequences of tokens in a document ) that can be used to gauge the similarity of two documents . The w denotes the number of tokens in each shingle in the set . The document , `` a rose is a rose is a rose '' can be tokenized as follows : ( a , rose , is , a , rose , is , a , rose ) The set of all contiguous sequences of 4 tokens ( 4-grams ) is -LCB- ( a , rose , is , a ) , ( rose , is , a , rose ) , ( is , a , rose , is ) , ( a , rose , is , a ) , ( rose , is , a , rose ) -RCB- = -LCB- ( a , rose , is , a ) , ( rose , is , a , rose ) , ( is , a , rose , is ) -RCB-",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f6b61856fbd0c10b73c77432f00e7790",
"text": "Dermatitis herpetiformis Dermatitis herpetiformis ( DH ) , or Duhring 's disease , Freedberg , et al. ( 2003 ) . Fitzpatrick 's Dermatology in General Medicine . ( 6th ed . ) . McGraw-Hill . ISBN 0-07-138076-0 . is a chronic blistering skin condition , characterised by blisters filled with a watery fluid . Despite its name , DH is neither related to nor caused by herpes virus : the name means that it is a skin inflammation having an appearance similar to herpes . DH was first described by Louis Adolphus Duhring in 1884 . A connection between DH and celiac disease was recognised in 1967 , although the exact causal mechanism is not known . DH is a specific manifestation of celiac disease . The age of onset is usually about 15-40 , but DH can also affect children and the elderly . Men and women are equally affected . Estimates of DH prevalence vary from 1 in 400 to 1 in 10,000 . It is most common in patients of northern European/northern Indian ancestry , and is associated with the HLA-DQ2 haplotype along with coeliac disease and gluten sensitivity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "097ddb07f5301e78c3e38b82f6509fb3",
"text": "Endophenotype Endophenotype is a genetic epidemiology term which is used to separate behavioral symptoms into more stable phenotypes with a clear genetic connection . The concept was coined by Bernard John and Kenneth R. Lewis in a 1966 paper attempting to explain the geographic distribution of grasshoppers . They claimed that the particular geographic distribution could not be explained by the obvious and external `` exophenotype '' of the grasshoppers , but instead must be explained by their microscopic and internal `` endophenotype . '' The next major use of the term was in psychiatric genetics , to bridge the gap between high-level symptom presentation and low-level genetic variability , such as single nucleotide polymorphisms . It is therefore more applicable to more heritable disorders , such as bipolar disorder and schizophrenia . Since then , the concept has expanded to many other fields , such as the study of ADHD , addiction , Alzheimer 's disease obesity and cystic fibrosis . Some other terms which have a similar meaning but do not stress the genetic connection as highly are `` intermediate phenotype '' , `` biological marker '' , `` subclinical trait '' , `` vulnerability marker '' , and `` cognitive marker '' . The strength of an endophenotype is its ability to differentiate between potential diagnoses that present with similar symptoms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1895cfbc7686c10d20f91d339503064c",
"text": "Childhood Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence . According to Piaget 's theory of cognitive development , childhood consists of two stages : preoperational stage and concrete operational stage . In developmental psychology , childhood is divided up into the developmental stages of toddlerhood ( learning to walk ) , early childhood ( play age ) , middle childhood ( school age ) , and adolescence ( puberty through post-puberty ) . Various childhood factors could affect a person 's attitude formation . '' ' The concept of childhood emerged during the 17th and 18th centuries , particularly through the educational theories of the philosopher John Locke and the growth of books for and about children . Previous to this point , children were often seen as incomplete versions of adults .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a2b398dac50686ee6cbb28cbaa5c198",
"text": "Epidemiology of schizophrenia Schizophrenia affects around 0.3 -- 0.7 % of people at some point in their life , or 21 million people worldwide as of 2011 ( about one of every 285 ) . By using precise methods in its diagnosis and a large , representative population , schizophrenia seems to occur with relative consistency over time during the last half-century . While it is claimed that schizophrenia occurs at similar rates worldwide , its prevalence and incidence varies across the world , within countries , and at the local and neighborhood level . It causes approximately 1 % of worldwide disability-adjusted life years ( DALYs ) . The rate of schizophrenia varies up to threefold depending on how it is defined .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8217e589f383a384aa1b866edec72068",
"text": "Hypnodermatology Hypnodermatology is an informal label for the use of hypnosis in treating the skin conditions that fall between conventional medical dermatology and the mental health disciplines . The use of hypnosis to provide relief for some skin conditions is based on observations that the severity of the disease may correlate with emotional issues . In addition , hypnotherapy has been used to suggest improvement on dermatological symptoms , such as chronic psoriasis , eczema , ichthyosis , warts and alopecia areata . Philip D. Shenefelt , a research dermatologist at the University of South Florida School of Medicine , has identified two dozen dermatologic conditions that have shown response to hypnosis in the literature , with varying degrees of evidence . These include successful results in controlled trials on verruca vulgaris , psoriasis , and atopic dermatitis . A 2005 review in the Mayo Clinic Proceedings stated that , `` A review of the use of hypnosis in dermatology supports its value for many skin conditions not believed to be under conscious control '' . The most comprehensively studied skin conditions in relation to hypnotherapy are psoriasis and warts . Hypnosis may have positive effects on dermatological conditions in both adults and children . Hypnotherapy may contribute towards reducing itching and discomfort brought on by the presence of warts and improves and possibly decreasing lesions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba8ac590de976af464d578c5caba51f0",
"text": "Black Skin, White Masks Black Skin , White Masks ( Peau noire , masques blancs ) is a 1952 book by Frantz Fanon , in which Fanon studies the psychology of the racism and dehumanization inherent in situations of colonial domination . With the application of historical interpretation , and the concomitant underlying social indictment , the psychiatrist Frantz Fanon formulated Black Skin , White Masks to combat the oppression of black people . He applied psychoanalysis and psychoanalytic theory to explain the feelings of dependency and inadequacy that Black people experience in a White world . That the divided self-perception of the Black Subject who has lost his native cultural origin , and embraced the culture of the Mother Country , produces an inferiority complex in the mind of the Black Subject , who then will try to appropriate and imitate the culture of the colonizer . Such behavior is more readily evident in upwardly mobile and educated black people who can afford to acquire status symbols within the world of the colonial ecumene , such as an education abroad and mastery of the language of the colonizer , the white masks . Based upon , and derived from , the concepts of the collective unconscious and collective catharsis , the sixth chapter , `` The Negro and Psychopathology '' , presents brief , deep psychoanalyses of colonized black people , and thus proposes the inability of black people to fit into the norms ( social , cultural , racial ) established by white society . That `` a normal Negro child , having grown up in a normal Negro family , will become abnormal on the slightest contact of the white world . '' That , in a white society , such an extreme psychological response originates from the unconscious and unnatural training of black people , from early childhood , to associate `` blackness '' with `` wrongness '' . That such unconscious mental training of black children is effected with comic books and cartoons , which are cultural media that instil and affix , in the mind of the white child , the society 's cultural representations of black people as villains . Moreover , when black children are exposed to such images of villainous black people , the children will experience a psychopathology ( psychological trauma ) , which mental wound becomes inherent to their individual , behavioral make-up ; a part of his and her personality . That the early-life suffering of said psychopathology -- black skin associated with villainy -- creates a collective nature among the men and women who were reduced to colonized populations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4f0d9502c89fb04f4ce1cb2af305ac6",
"text": "Middle name In several cultures , people 's names usually include one or more names in addition to the portion that is usually considered adequate to identify them . In a number of cultures where a given name is expected to precede the surname , such a name is likely to be placed after the given name and before the surname , and thus called a middle name . In English-speaking American culture , that term is often applied ( arguably mistakenly ) to names , occupying that position , even if the bearer would insist that that name is being mistakenly called a `` middle name '' , and is actually ( to mention several types of atypical cases ) : part of a two-word given name ( e.g. Mary Anne , about Mary Anne Clarke , and `` Joe Bob Briggs '' ) , a maiden name ( e.g. Rodham ) , a patronymic ( e.g. Sergeyevich ) , or a baptismal name ( e.g. `` Christopher '' invoking St. Christopher ) . In the USA such names are specifically referred to as middle names ; in most other countries , as far as they are given names and not , for example , patronymics , they would simply be regarded as second , third etc. given names . The US `` middle name '' is often abbreviated to the middle initial ( e.g. Mary Lee Bianchi becomes Mary L. Bianchi , which is usually standard for signatures ) or omitted entirely in everyday use ( e.g. just Mary Bianchi ) . An individual may have more than one middle name , or none . In the United Kingdom , for comparison , she would usually be referred to as either Mary Bianchi , M. L. Bianchi or Mary Lee Bianchi , or she may choose Lee Bianchi , and informally there may be familiar shortenings . It is debatable how long multiple given names have existed in English-speaking countries , but it is certain that among royalty and aristocracy the practice existed by the late 17th century ( and possibly earlier ) , as exemplified in the name of the Stuart pretender James Francis Edward Stuart ( 1688 -- 1766 ) . Despite their relatively long existence in North America , the phrase `` middle name '' was not recorded until 1835 , in the periodical Harvardiana . The use of multiple middle names has been somewhat impeded recently by the increased use of computer databases that occasionally allow for only a single middle name or more commonly a middle initial in storing personal records , effectively preventing people with multiple middle names from being listed in such databases under their full name . This is worsened by longer compound names , like María del Pilar Pereyra or María de las Nieves García . The abbreviation `` N.M.N. '' ( no middle name ) or `` N.M.I. '' ( no middle initial ) , with or without periods , is sometimes used in formal documents in the United States , where a middle initial or name is expected but the person does not have one . The middle name can also be a maiden name . Since 1905 , `` middle name '' has also developed a figurative usage meaning a notable or outstanding attribute of a person , as in the phrase `` discretion is my middle name . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30725fa4ce513de51c51f46f6daed5bd",
"text": "Global perceptions of autism This article discusses diagnosis , treatment , and experiences of autism globally . Although the diagnosis of autism is rising in post-industrial nations , diagnosis rates are much lower in developing nations . Reasons given by researchers for this discrepancy include more awareness and better detection in developed nations and cultural differences such that symptoms associated with autism may be considered normal behavior in some cultures . However , many scientists theorize that other factors may also be responsible for the increasing rates in post-industrial countries . Some claim that about one third of ASD is due to immune dysregulation during pregnancy . That is , anything that causes an inflammatory response in the pregnant mother , such as infection or an immune disorder , may expose the fetal brain to inflammatory signals and disrupt development . For example , mothers with celiac disease have an increased chance of autism by 350 percent , while those with rheumatoid arthritis have an elevated risk of 80 percent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cab52fc6dbc619b9c947c0735da8f3c1",
"text": "Melanocytic nevus A melanocytic nevus ( also known as `` nevocytic nevus '' or `` nevus-cell nevus '' ) is a type of lesion that contains nevus cells ( a type of melanocyte ) . Some sources equate the term mole with `` melanocytic nevus '' . Other sources reserve the term `` mole '' for other purposes . The majority of moles appear during the first two decades of a person 's life , with about one in every 100 babies being born with moles . Acquired moles are a form of benign neoplasm , while congenital moles , or congenital nevi , are considered a minor malformation or hamartoma and may be at a higher risk for melanoma . A mole can be either subdermal ( under the skin ) or a pigmented growth on the skin , formed mostly of a type of cell known as a melanocyte . The high concentration of the body 's pigmenting agent , melanin , is responsible for their dark color . Moles are a member of the family of skin lesions known as nevi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c4b7f594a0dda3270ae22ff08594975",
"text": "Glaucoma Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss . The most common type is open-angle glaucoma with less common types including closed-angle glaucoma and normal-tension glaucoma . Open-angle glaucoma develops slowly over time and there is no pain . Side vision may begin to decrease followed by central vision resulting in blindness if not treated . Closed-angle glaucoma can present gradually or suddenly . The sudden presentation may involve severe eye pain , blurred vision , mid-dilated pupil , redness of the eye , and nausea . Vision loss from glaucoma , once it has occurred , is permanent . Risk factors for glaucoma include increased pressure in the eye , a family history of the condition , migraines , high blood pressure , and obesity . For eye pressures a value of greater than 21 mmHg is often used with higher pressures leading to a greater risk . However , some may have high eye pressure for years and never develop damage . Conversely , optic nerve damage may occur with normal pressure , known as normal-tension glaucoma . The mechanism of open-angle glaucoma is believed to be slow exit of aqueous humor through the trabecular meshwork while in closed-angle glaucoma the iris blocks the trabecular meshwork . Diagnosis is by a dilated eye examination . Often the optic nerve shows an abnormal amount of cupping . If treated early it is possible to slow or stop the progression of disease with medication , laser treatment , or surgery . The goal of these treatments is to decrease eye pressure . A number of different classes of glaucoma medication are available . Laser treatments may be effective in both open-angle and closed-angle glaucoma . A number of types of glaucoma surgeries may be used in people who do not respond sufficiently to other measures . Treatment of closed-angle glaucoma is a medical emergency . About 6 to 67 million people have glaucoma globally . The disease affects about 2 million people in the United States . It occurs more commonly among older people . Closed-angle glaucoma is more common in women . Glaucoma has been called the `` silent thief of sight '' because the loss of vision usually occurs slowly over a long period of time . Worldwide , glaucoma is the second-leading cause of blindness after cataracts . The word `` glaucoma '' is from ancient Greek glaukos which means blue , green , or gray . In English , the word was used as early as 1587 but did not become commonly used until after 1850 , when the development of the ophthalmoscope allowed people to see the optic nerve damage .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b44b1528182cb82fcbf8a991b6e552e0",
"text": "Self-concept One 's self-concept ( also called self-construction , self-identity , self-perspective or self-structure ) is a collection of beliefs about oneself that includes elements such as academic performance , gender identity , sexual identity , and racial identity . Generally , self-concept embodies the answer to `` Who am I ? '' . Self-concept is distinguishable from self-awareness , which refers to the extent to which self-knowledge is defined , consistent , and currently applicable to one 's attitudes and dispositions . Self-concept also differs from self-esteem : self-concept is a cognitive or descriptive component of one 's self ( e.g. `` I am a fast runner '' ) , while self-esteem is evaluative and opinionated ( e.g. `` I feel good about being a fast runner '' ) . Self-concept is made up of one 's self-schemas , and interacts with self-esteem , self-knowledge , and the social self to form the self as whole . It includes the past , present , and future selves , where future selves ( or possible selves ) represent individuals ' ideas of what they might become , what they would like to become , or what they are afraid of becoming . Possible selves may function as incentives for certain behavior . The perception people have about their past or future selves is related to the perception of their current selves . The temporal self-appraisal theory argues that people have a tendency to maintain a positive self-evaluation by distancing themselves from their negative self and paying more attention to their positive one . In addition , people have a tendency to perceive the past self less favorably ( e.g. `` I 'm better than I used to be '' ) and the future self more positively ( e.g. `` I will be better than I am now '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8a87a7654ebfb05bc93b0109cbc1da7",
"text": "Age of majority The age of majority is the threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law . It is the moment when minors cease to be considered children and assume legal control over their persons , actions , and decisions , thus terminating the control and legal responsibilities of their parents or guardian over them . Most countries set the age of majority at 18 . The word majority here refers to having greater years and being of full age as opposed to minority , the state of being a minor . The law in a given jurisdiction may not actually use the term `` age of majority '' . The term typically refers to a collection of laws bestowing the status of adulthood . The age of majority does not necessarily correspond to the mental or physical maturity of an individual . Age of majority should not be confused with the age of sexual consent , marriageable age , school leaving age , drinking age , driving age , voting age , smoking age , etc. , which each may be independent of , and sometimes set at a different age from the age of majority . Although a person may attain the age of majority in a particular jurisdiction , they may still be subject to age-based restrictions regarding matters such as the right to vote or stand for elective office , act as a judge , and many others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e9121f60528a6490faaa8957583d7d91",
"text": "Natural skin care Natural skin care uses topical creams and lotions made of ingredients available in nature . Much of the recent literature reviews plant-derived ingredients , which may include herbs , roots , flowers and essential oils , but natural substances in skin care products include animal-derived products such as beeswax , and minerals . These substances may be combined with various carrier agents , preservatives , surfactants , humectants and emulsifiers . There are no legal definitions in the U.S. for advertising terms `` natural '' or `` organic '' when applied to personal care products . Consumers often express a preference for skin products with organic and natural ingredients . The personal skin care market based on natural products has shown strong growth . Clinical and laboratory studies have identified activities in many natural ingredients that have potential beneficial activities for personal skin care , but there is a shortage of convincing evidence for natural product efficacy in medical problems . Some natural products and therapies may be harmful , either to the skin or systemically . People prone to allergies should pay careful attention to what they use on their skin . Dermatologists may feel that there is enough scientific evidence to assist in the selection or avoidance of particular natural ingredients .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "049c7da6f54e554f7a24d02a971e1264",
"text": "Day care Child care or day care is the care of a child during the day by a person other than the child 's legal guardians , typically performed by someone outside the child 's immediate family . Day care is typically an ongoing service during specific periods , such as the parents ' time at work . The service is known as child care in the United Kingdom , crèche in Ireland and New Zealand , and child care or day care in North America and Australia ( although child care also has a broader meaning ) . The vast majority of childcare is still performed by the parents , in-house nannies or through informal arrangements with relatives , neighbors or friends . Child care in the child 's own home is traditionally provided by a nanny or au pair , or by extended family members including grandparents , aunts and uncles . Child care is provided in nurseries or crèches or by a nanny or family child care provider caring for children in their own homes . It can also take on a more formal structure , with education , child development , discipline and even preschool education falling into the fold of services . The day care industry is a continuum from personal parental care to large , regulated institutions . Some childminders care for children from several families at the same time , either in their own home ( commonly known as `` family day care '' in Australia ) or in a specialized child care facility . Some employers provide nursery provisions for their employees at or near the place of employment . For-profit day care corporations often exist where the market is sufficiently large or there are government subsidies . Research shows that not-for-profits are much more likely to produce the high quality environments in which children thrive . '' Local governments , often municipalities , may operate non-profit day care centers . For all providers , the largest expense is labor . Local legislation may regulate the operation of daycare centers , affecting staffing requirements . In Canada , the workforce is predominantly female ( 95 % ) and low paid , averaging only 60 % of average workforce wage . Some jurisdictions require licensing or certification . Legislation may specify details of the physical facilities ( washroom , eating , sleeping , lighting levels , etc. ) . Independent studies suggest that good daycare is not harmful . In some cases , good daycare can provide different experiences than parental care does , especially when children reach two and are ready to interact with other children . Children in higher quality childcare had somewhat better language and cognitive development during the first 4 1/2 years of life than those in lower quality care .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
577cfa6caaa8dbd25a2f549679255f62 | Hubert Humphrey served in the Senate. | [
{
"docid": "71931a8a72360b2e7ca28fcbcd3478ce",
"text": "Hubert Humphrey Hubert Horatio Humphrey Jr. ( May 27 , 1911January 13 , 1978 ) was an American politician who served as the 38th Vice President of the United States under President Lyndon B. Johnson from 1965 to 1969 . Humphrey twice served in the United States Senate , representing Minnesota from 1949 to 1964 and 1971 to 1978 . He was the nominee of the Democratic Party in the 1968 presidential election , losing to the Republican nominee Richard M. Nixon . Born in Wallace , South Dakota in 1911 , Humphrey attended the University of Minnesota before earning his pharmacist license from the Capitol College of Pharmacy in 1931 . He helped run his father 's pharmacy until 1937 when he returned to academia , graduating with a master 's degree from Louisiana State University in 1940 , where he was a political science instructor . He returned to Minnesota during World War II and became a supervisor for the Works Progress Administration . He was then appointed state director of the Minnesota war service program before becoming the assistant director of the War Manpower Commission . In 1943 , Humphrey became a professor of Political Science at Macalester College and ran a failed campaign for mayor of Minneapolis . Humphrey helped found the Minnesota Democratic -- Farmer -- Labor Party ( DFL ) in 1944 , and in 1945 , became the DFL candidate for mayor of Minneapolis for a second time , winning with 61 % of the vote . Humphrey served as mayor from 1945 to 1948 , he was reelected and became the co-founder of the liberal anti-communist group Americans for Democratic Action in 1947 . Humphrey was elected to the Senate in 1948 , the year his proposal of ending racial segregation was included in the party platform at the Democratic National Convention , where he gave one of his most notable speeches on the convention floor , suggesting the Democratic Party `` walk into the sunshine of human rights . '' He served three terms in the Senate from 1949 to 1964 and was the Democratic Majority Whip from 1961 to 1964 . During his tenure , Humphrey was the lead author of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 , introduced the first initiative to create the Peace Corps , sponsored the clause of the McCarran Act to threaten concentration camps for ` subversives ' , proposed making Communist Party membership a felony and chaired the Select Committee on Disarmament . Humphrey ran for two failed Presidential campaigns in the 1952 and 1960 Democratic primaries . After Lyndon B. Johnson inherited the presidency after John F. Kennedy 's assassination in November 1963 , he chose Humphrey to be his running mate in 1964 against Republican Barry Goldwater and the Democratic ticket was elected in a landslide in 1964 . After Johnson made the surprise announcement that he would not seek reelection in March 1968 , Humphrey launched his campaign for the presidency the following month . Humphrey 's main Democratic challengers were anti-Vietnam War Senators Eugene McCarthy and Robert F. Kennedy . Humphrey , who was loyal to the Johnson administration 's policies on the Vietnam War as Vice President , saw opposition from many within his own party and avoided the primaries to focus on receiving the delegates of non-primary states at the Democratic Convention . Humphrey 's delegate strategy succeeded in clinching the nomination , choosing Senator Edmund Muskie as his running mate . With the assassination of civil rights leader Martin Luther King Jr. and the assassination of Robert Kennedy that year , and heightened opposition to the Vietnam War , the convention saw major protests which later proved costly to Humphrey 's campaign . On November 5 , 1968 , Humphrey lost to former Vice President Richard Nixon in the general election . Humphrey then returned to teaching in Minnesota before returning to the Senate in 1971 . He became the first Deputy President pro tempore of the United States Senate and served until his death in 1978 . Humphrey died of bladder cancer at his home in Waverly , Minnesota , and is buried at the Lakewood Cemetery in Minneapolis . He was succeeded by his wife of 41 years Muriel Humphrey as interim Senator for Minnesota .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "0c1028fdfc5b14df4f17553b7819d2a8",
"text": "Richard Crawford White Richard Crawford White ( April 29 , 1923 -- February 18 , 1998 ) was a Democratic politician from El Paso , Texas , who served in the Texas House of Representatives from 1955 to 1959 and in the U.S. House of Representatives from 1965 to 1983 . Born in El Paso , Texas , White graduated from Dudley Primary School , El Paso High School , and the Citizens ' Military Training Camp at San Antonio , Texas . Subsequently , from 1940 to 1942 , he attended the University of Texas at El Paso , then known as Texas Western College . After his second year of college , White began his World War II service from 1942 to 1945 in the United States Marine Corps as a rifleman and Japanese-English interpreter in the Pacific Theater . As a result of injuries suffered , he was awarded the Purple Heart . Returning to Texas after the war , White received his bachelor 's degree in 1946 from the University of Texas at Austin and his J.D. in 1949 from the University of Texas School of Law . He was admitted to the Texas state bar in 1949 and returned to El Paso to begin his legal career . He served two-year terms in the Texas House of Representatives , having been elected in 1954 and 1956 . He was the El Paso County Democratic chairman from 1963 to 1965 . He was elected to the historic Eighty-ninth Congress as part of the national 1964 Democratic surge linked to U.S. President Lyndon B. Johnson 's crushing defeat of Republican U.S. Senator Barry M. Goldwater of Arizona . White , who received more votes than Johnson did in the 16th District , played his part by unseating freshman Republican Ed Foreman of Odessa in the 16th Congressional District . During his first term , White represented a monstrous district stretching from El Paso all the way to the Permian Basin -- an area of over 42,000 square miles . However , after Texas ' congressional map was thrown out in Wesberry v. Sanders , his district was cut down to El Paso and a few inner-ring suburbs . He was reelected eight times from this district with almost no difficulty . As a U.S. representative , White developed a reputation as a moderate Democrat . He also chaired the Democratic Research Organization , a group within the party that distributed information from the leadership relevant to pending votes . Having Fort Bliss in the 16th Congressional District made White a natural choice for his place on the House Armed Services Committee . There he chaired the Military Personnel Subcommittee and was also instrumental in reorganization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff . He also served for a while on the Interior , Post Office & Civil Service , and Science & Technology committees . Choosing not to run again in 1982 , White returned to his hometown of El Paso to resume his law practice . White was married twice . His first marriage in 1949 to Katherine Huffman produced three sons , Rodrick , Richard , and Raymond . After her death in 1972 , White married the former Kathleen Fitzgerald in 1973 . The second marriage produced one daughter , Bonnie , two sons , Sean and Brian , and one step-son , Kenneth . White died on February 18 , 1998 . His ashes are interred at Arlington National Cemetery , in Arlington , Virginia , near the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier , in area 7A .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91e39250ee4a4c2e4c94f6ca34e3f9a5",
"text": "Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy On June 5 , 1968 , presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy was fatally shot at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles , shortly after winning the California presidential primaries in the 1968 election , and died the next day while hospitalized . After winning the California and South Dakota primary elections for the Democratic nomination for President of the United States , Kennedy was fatally shot while exiting through the hotel kitchen immediately after leaving the podium in the Ambassador Hotel and died in the Good Samaritan Hospital twenty-six hours later . Sirhan Sirhan , a 24-year-old Palestinian/Jordanian immigrant , was convicted of Kennedy 's murder and sentenced to death in 1969 , although his sentence was commuted to life in prison in 1972 . On November 22 , 2013 , Sirhan was transferred from Corcoran to the Richard J. Donovan Correctional Facility in San Diego County . The shooting was recorded on audio tape by a freelance newspaper reporter , and the aftermath was captured on film . Kennedy 's body lay in repose at St. Patrick 's Cathedral in New York for two days before a funeral Mass was held on June 8 . His body was interred near his brother John at Arlington National Cemetery . His death prompted the protection of presidential candidates by the United States Secret Service . Hubert Humphrey later went on to win the Democratic nomination for the presidency , but ultimately lost the election to Republican Richard Nixon . As with his brother John 's death , Kennedy 's assassination and the circumstances surrounding it have spawned a variety of conspiracy theories . Kennedy and Huey Long ( in 1935 ) are the only two sitting United States Senators to be assassinated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4475d7b2a7494593a1188209b70ad4db",
"text": "United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress which , along with the United States House of Representatives , the lower chamber , composes the legislature of the United States of America . The composition and powers of the Senate are established by Article One of the United States Constitution . The Senate is composed of senators who represent each of the several states , with each state being equally represented by two senators , regardless of their population , serving staggered terms of six years ; with fifty states presently in the Union , there are 100 U.S. Senators . From 1789 until 1913 , Senators were appointed by legislatures of the states they represented ; following the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913 , they are now popularly elected . The Senate chamber is located in the north wing of the Capitol , in Washington , D.C. As the upper house , the Senate has several powers of advice and consent which are unique to it ; these include the ratification of treaties , the confirmation of Cabinet secretaries , Supreme Court justices , federal judges , other federal executive officials , flag officers , regulatory officials , ambassadors , and other federal uniformed officers . In addition to these , in cases wherein no candidate receives a majority of electors for Vice President , the duty befalls upon the Senate to elect one of the top two recipients of electors for that office . It further has the responsibility of conducting trials of those impeached by the House . The Senate is widely considered both a more deliberative and more prestigious body than the House of Representatives due to its longer terms , smaller size , and statewide constituencies , which historically led to a more collegial and less partisan atmosphere . The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice President of the United States , who is President of the Senate ; in their absence , the President Pro Tempore , who is customarily the senior member of the controlling party , presides over the Senate . In the early 20th century , the practice of majority and minority parties electing their floor leaders began , although they are not constitutional officers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ff1a18d053d197b9dc43b5f4b0469ac",
"text": "Republican Party vice presidential candidate selection, 1968 This article lists those who were potential candidates for the Republican nomination for Vice President of the United States in the 1968 election . After winning the Republican presidential nomination at the 1968 Republican National Convention , former Vice President Richard Nixon convened a series of meetings with close advisers and party leaders such as Strom Thurmond in order to choose his running mate . Nixon ultimately asked the convention to nominate Maryland Governor Spiro Agnew as his running mate . By a large margin , Agnew won the vice presidential nomination on the first ballot over Michigan Governor George W. Romney , who was supported by a faction of liberal Republicans . Nixon chose Agnew because he wanted a centrist who was broadly acceptable to the party , had experience with domestic issues , and appealed to Southern voters ( to counter the third party candidacy of former Alabama Governor George Wallace ) . The Nixon-Agnew ticket defeated the Humphrey-Muskie ticket , and also won re-election in 1972 , defeating the McGovern-Shriver ticket . However , Agnew was forced to resign as Vice President in 1973 due to a controversy regarding his personal taxes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9ee106217fc00c53a24bddd0ea3cc0f",
"text": "Chair of Rural Outreach The Chair of Rural Outreachwas a post in the Democratic party leadership of the United States Senate responsible for `` guiding rural outreach for the Caucus '' , and overseeing engagement with `` rural , suburban , and exurban American communities '' . The position was created in the 109th Congress , and was held by Blanche Lincoln of Arkansas . As of the 112th Congress the position no longer exists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6525c9fbf599a3f52a3869f3f2b56d5",
"text": "Wall Doxey Wall Doxey ( August 8 , 1892March 2 , 1962 ) was an American politician from Holly Springs , Mississippi . He served as a Democrat from Mississippi 's 2nd congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1929 to 1941 . After the death of U.S. Senator Pat Harrison , Doxey won a special election to his seat , and served in the United States Senate from 1941 until 1943 . He was defeated in the 1942 Democratic primary by James Eastland . Throughout his political career , Doxey represented a district with a black-majority population , whose political affiliation in the nineteenth century had been with the Republican Party . But , African Americans were effectively excluded from the political system from 1890 to the late 1960s by Mississippi 's constitution and restrictions affecting voter registration . Doxey was the only United States Senator to serve also as the Senate Sergeant at Arms . He was appointed to this position after losing his Senate seat , serving from February 1 , 1943 to January 3 , 1947 . Wall Doxey State Park , a state park in Mississippi , is named after him .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "334023e806946ea13029bda3fed2a3ae",
"text": "The Selling of the President 1968 The Selling of the President 1968 is a non-fiction book written by American author Joe McGinniss and published by Trident Press in October , 1969 . The book describes the marketing of Richard Nixon during the 1968 presidential campaign . It has been described as `` a classic of political journalism '' and a `` classic of campaign reporting that first introduced many readers to the stage-managed world of political theater . '' It was reprinted in 1988 under the title The Selling of the President . McGinniss became an overnight success when the book , his first , landed on The New York Times bestseller list . He was 26 years old , making him the youngest living writer with that achievement . The book was on the New York Times non-fiction bestseller list for 31 weeks from October 1969 to May 1970 . The idea for the book came to McGinniss almost serendipitously : -LSB- He -RSB- stumbled across his book 's topic while taking a train to New York . A fellow commuter had just landed the Hubert Humphrey account and was boasting that ` in six weeks we 'll have him looking better than Abraham Lincoln . ' McGinniss tried to get access to Humphrey 's campaign first , but they turned him down . So he called up Nixon 's , and they said yes . '' . The book was very well received by both critics and the public . It `` spent more than six months on best-sellers lists , and McGinniss sold a lot of those books through television , appearing on the titular shows of Merv Griffin , David Frost and Dick Cavett , among others . '' Conservative writer William F. Buckley `` assumed McGinniss had relied on ` an elaborate deception which has brought joy and hope to the Nixon-haters . ' But even Buckley liked the book . '' In 1972 , the book was adapted into a short-lived Broadway musical .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "338e014d5461ab655a9d56711bd2fa25",
"text": "Democrats for Nixon Democrats for Nixon was a campaign to promote Democratic support for the then-incumbent Republican President Richard Nixon in the 1972 presidential election . The campaign was led by the former Democratic governor of Texas , John Connally . Connally , who was serving as the United States Secretary of the Treasury , announced that he would be supporting Nixon for re-election and would spend his time until the elections working on behalf of the incumbent . A Democrat who had been Governor of Texas and United States Secretary of the Navy under John F. Kennedy , Connally formally announced the formation of the organization in August 1972 . Polling cited by Connally indicated that as many as 20 million Democrats would cross over to vote for Nixon and invited `` all those millions of Democrats who realize that in this Presidential election President Nixon is simply the better choice '' . Connally stated that he was troubled by Senator George McGovern 's campaign and felt that the Democratic party `` is becoming an ideological machine closed to millions who have been the party 's most loyal and steadfast members '' under McGovern 's leadership . The committee included Mayor Beverly Briley of Nashville , Tennessee , former Governor of Florida Farris Bryant , Mayor of Boston John F. Collins , Mayor Thomas G. Dunn of Elizabeth , New Jersey , Teamsters president Frank Fitzsimmons , Governor of Virginia Mills E. Godwin , Jr. , Mayor of Miami , Florida David T. Kennedy and Leonard Marks who had previously headed the United States Information Agency . A fundraising target of as much as $ 3 million was set for the organization . Connally also announced that Jeno Paulucci , a frozen food distributor who had been closely involved as a fundraiser for Hubert H. Humphrey in his presidential bids , would serve as head of a group encouraging independent voters to choose Nixon . In a September 1972 article in The New York Times , Connally was quoted as saying that increasing numbers of traditionally Democratic voters were leaving the fold because they `` are afraid of George McGovern '' because of his proposals for major cutbacks in defense spending and in the number of U.S. troops serving in Europe . Connally insisted that `` it is in the best interests of this country that the president be re-elected this year '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2754217fccb42563618531ac58ace12b",
"text": "Pro tempore Pro tempore ( -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpəri -RSB- , -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpərɛ -RSB- or -LSB- ˌproʊ_ˈtɛmpəreɪ -RSB- ) , abbreviated pro tem or p.t. , is a Latin phrase which best translates to `` for the time being '' in English . This phrase is often used to describe a person who acts as a locum tenens ( placeholder ) in the absence of a superior , such as the President pro tempore of the United States Senate , who acts in place of the President of the United States Senate , the Vice President of the United States . Legislative bodies can have one or more pro tempore for the presiding officer . These positions ostensibly go to legislators experienced in floor debate who are familiar with the content and application of relevant rules and precedents and who have a reputation for fairness among their colleagues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c0432c1a093721a057a2051ff77b853",
"text": "Presidency of John F. Kennedy The presidency of John F. Kennedy began on January 20 , 1961 , when he was inaugurated as the 35th President of the United States , and ended on November 22 , 1963 , upon his assassination and death , a span of days . A Democrat , he took office following the 1960 presidential election , in which he narrowly defeated Richard Nixon . He was succeeded by Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was the first person born in the 20th century to be elected president , and , at age 43 , the youngest person elected to the office . He was also the first Roman Catholic elected to the presidency . Kennedy played an important role in bringing American politics into the modern communications age , as his use of television provided a campaign model that spoke to voters directly , and his media presidency greatly weakened the power of political machines in party politics . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by Cold War tensions with the Soviet Union and especially with Cuba . In Cuba , a failed attempt was made in April 1961 at the Bay of Pigs to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro . Kennedy 's administration subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , it was discovered that Soviet ballistic missiles had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of unease , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , is seen by many historians as the closest the human race has ever come to nuclear war between nuclear-armed belligerents . To contain Communist expansion in Asia , Kennedy increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over his predecessor , Dwight D. Eisenhower ; a further escalation of the American role in the Vietnam War took place after Kennedy 's death . In domestic politics Kennedy made bold proposals in his New Frontier agenda , but few were passed by Congress . He did establish of the Peace Corps , and intensify the Space Race . Kennedy took steps to support the Civil Rights Movement , and after his death his proposed civil rights bill was passed as the Civil Rights Act of 1964 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed05eabd9737063535bd9271b616b731",
"text": "List of United States Senators in the 58th Congress by seniority This is a complete list of members of the United States Senate during the 58th United States Congress listed by seniority , from March 4 , 1903 to March 3 , 1905 . Order of service is based on the commencement of the senator 's first term . Behind this is former service as a senator ( only giving the Senator seniority within his or her new incoming class ) , service as Vice President , a House member , a Cabinet secretary , or a governor of a state . The final factor is the population of the senator 's state . Senators who were sworn in in the middle of the Congress ( up until the last senator who was not sworn in early after winning the November 1904 election ) are listed at the end of the list with no number .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7d9b8ef364371cce7fa433974e1f153",
"text": "Dean of the United States Senate The Dean of the United States Senate is an informal term for the Senator with the longest continuous service , regardless of party affiliation . This is not an official position within the Senate , although customarily ( since 1945 ) the longest-serving member of the majority party serves as President pro tempore . The current Dean is Senator Patrick Leahy of Vermont .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9c485965412c2e8661f5cb749d91b58",
"text": "Herding Cats: A Life in Politics Herding Cats : A Life in Politics is a book written by U.S. Senator Trent Lott , a Republican from Mississippi . Published by HarperCollins Publishers , Inc. on August 23 , 2005 , the book spans 320 pages . The major points of the book are Lott 's childhood in Grenada and Pascagoula , Mississippi , including his struggles with his alcoholic father ; his election to Congress ; his years in the House of Representatives during the Nixon , Carter , and Reagan administrations ( including his service as Minority Whip in that body ) ; and his service in the Senate , especially his service as Majority Leader during the Clinton and Bush Administrations . He recounts the formative events of his youth and the stories from his political life . From his decision to support Gerald Ford over Ronald Reagan in the 1976 Republican primary to his working partnership with Senate Democratic leader Tom Daschle during the Clinton impeachment and the September 11 attacks in 2001 , Lott traces the inner workings of congressional life . One major focus of the book is the comments Lott made at the birthday party of Sen. Strom Thurmond in 2002 and the subsequent intense media coverage , which eventually led to his resignation as the Senate Majority Leader in December 2002 . Lott names several figures who he believes orchestrated his downfall , including members of President George W. Bush 's administration , such as then-Secretary of State , Colin Powell , and former Federal Emergency Management Agency ( FEMA ) head Joe Allbaugh ( who Lott claims has admitted that he intended to bring Lott down as Majority Leader ) ; as well as the successor to Lott as Majority Leader , Sen. Bill Frist . Lott suggests that his forced resignation was a `` strategic plan '' devised by Bush and others who wanted Frist to take his place , since Frist supported key White House policies like the Medicare expansion , which Lott opposed . Lott notes , however , that his response to the Thurmond controversy played poorly in the media . Lott wrote in the book that Frist betrayed him by not telling him about Frist 's decision to run for majority leader beforehand . Lott says he took Frist as his protégé , as Frist had no political/public experience when he was first elected to the Senate . Some suggested that Lott 's book , which portrayed Frist in a negative light , was designed to impede Frist 's possible presidential campaign , but Frist did not run . Lott indicated in the book that he had repaired his relationship with Frist to some extent . Lott also emphasizes his years as Majority Whip in the House and his years as Majority Leader in the Senate , where Lott claims to have built an efficient vote-getting organization and played a key role in several legislative accomplishments , including the Reagan-era budget cuts and tax cuts , and welfare reform and the tobacco settlement during the Clinton years . This emphasis may tie into Lott 's ambition to rejoin the Senate Republican Leadership .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b773aea6d3aeac9c6a94bb32c54207f1",
"text": "Moderate Dems Working Group Moderate Dems Working Group was a caucus of moderate Democratic members of the United States Senate . The group 's goal is to work with the Senate leadership and the Obama administration `` to craft common-sense solutions to urgent national problems . '' The group 's members are `` joined by a shared commitment to pursue pragmatic , fiscally sustainable policies across a range of issues , such as deficit containment , health care reform , the housing crisis , educational reform , energy policy and climate change . '' The Moderate Dems Working Group was founded on March 18 , 2009 , and is led by Senators Evan Bayh of Indiana , Tom Carper of Delaware , and Blanche Lincoln of Arkansas . It has been described as the Senate version of the Blue Dog Coalition in the House . The coalition has received praise from Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid , but has been criticized by the left as simply being `` political cover to Democratic senators representing red or purple states , making it harder for Republicans to tie them to liberal bogeymen . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6b1024d7a99e10be3671f2af5e3f882",
"text": "United States House of Representatives elections, 1934 The 1934 United States House of Representatives elections were held in the middle of President Franklin D. Roosevelt 's first term . The Democratic Party continued its progress , gaining another 9 net seats from the opposition Republican Party , who also lost seats to the Progressive Party . The Republicans were reduced below one-fourth of the chamber for the first time since the creation of the party . The Wisconsin Progressive Party , a liberal group which allied with the Democrats , also became a force in Wisconsin politics . The 1934 elections can be seen as a referendum on New Deal policies . While conservatives and people among the middle class who did not bear the brunt of the depression saw New Deal programs as radical , ordinary people overwhelmingly voted in this election cycle to continue implementation of Roosevelt 's agenda . In addition , this was the first time in modern history that the President 's party gained seats in a midterm year when historically the President 's party usually loses seats . ( This would n't happen again until 1998 and 2002 . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3896a11a808daee57fd5e68f4ba0e5c7",
"text": "List of Governors of Mississippi The Governor of Mississippi is the head of the executive branch of Mississippi 's state government and the commander-in-chief of the state 's military forces . The governor has a duty to enforce state laws , and the power to either approve or veto bills passed by the Mississippi Legislature , to convene the legislature at any time , and , except in cases of treason or impeachment , to grant pardons and reprieves . To be elected governor , a person must be at least 30 years old , and must have been a citizen of the United States for twenty years and a resident of Mississippi for at least five years at the time of inauguration . The Constitution of Mississippi , ratified in 1890 , calls for a four-year term for the governor . He or she may be reelected once . The original constitution of 1817 had only a two-year term for governor ; this was expanded to four years in the 1868 constitution . The lieutenant governor is elected at the same time as the governor and serves as president of the Mississippi Senate . When the office of governor becomes vacant for any reason , the lieutenant governor becomes governor for the remainder of the term . The Governor of Mississippi is also , by virtue of his office , President of the Board of Trustees of the University of Mississippi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ea974184c04f5ee2f9ce2de1044b075",
"text": "United States presidential election in Massachusetts, 1960 The 1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 8 , 1960 as part of the 1960 United States presidential election , which was held throughout all 50 states . Voters chose 16 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Massachusetts voted overwhelmingly for the Democratic nominee , Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts , over the Republican nominee , Vice President Richard Nixon of California . Kennedy ran with Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas , while Nixon 's running mate was Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. of Massachusetts . Kennedy carried his home state of Massachusetts in a landslide , taking 60.22 % of the vote to Nixon 's 39.55 % , a Democratic victory margin of 20.67 % . This made it the third most Democratic state in the nation , after Rhode Island and Georgia . As Kennedy narrowly defeated Nixon nationally to win the presidency , Massachusetts weighed in for this election as about 21 % more Democratic than the national average . Massachusetts had been a Democratic-leaning state since 1928 , when the Democratic Party had nominated the first Roman Catholic nominee for president , Al Smith . While Smith lost nationally in a landslide , partially due to anti-Catholic prejudice in much of the country , he won Massachusetts due to the massive turnout and support of the many Irish Catholics in the state . In 1960 , John F. Kennedy would be the second Roman Catholic to be nominated for president by a major party , and again his religion became an issue in some regions of the country . However , there was little doubt that Kennedy , an Irish Catholic born in Brookline , Massachusetts , would be able to carry Massachusetts in his presidential run . Prior to 1960 , Massachusetts had been a swing state , having voted for Democrats Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman in the 1930s and 1940s , but voting for Republican Dwight Eisenhower in the 1950s . In 1956 , Eisenhower had carried the state by 19 points . The 21 point margin by which Kennedy won the state four years later thus represented a massive 40 point swing toward the Democrats between the 1956 and 1960 elections . Kennedy 's landslide victory in 1960 finally solidified the transformation of Massachusetts into a Democratic stronghold in the modern era . 1960 was the first election ever in which a Democrat had broken 60 % of the vote in Massachusetts , and thus Kennedy 's 60.22 % was the highest percentage of the vote any Democrat had ever received in the state up to that point . Religion was a major dividing factor in shaping the vote in 1960 . Nixon 's running mate , Henry Cabot Lodge , was also from Massachusetts , and had served the state as a Republican Senator , but was a Protestant , and represented traditional Protestant Yankee Republicanism in Massachusetts . Kennedy , an Irish Catholic Democrat , represented an entirely different strain of Massachusetts politics , the emerging majority coalition of urban and ethnic immigrant voters . In 1952 , Kennedy had first defeated Lodge to take the latter 's U.S. Senate seat , symbolizing this new Democratic coalition 's rise in the state . The residual Yankee Republicanism combined with the popularity of the Republican incumbent Eisenhower allowed Nixon to take a decent 39.55 % of the vote , but by 1960 , the ethnic Catholic vote held a decisive majority in Massachusetts , and turnout among Catholic voters reached record highs in 1960 . Kennedy carried nine of the state 's fourteen counties , including the most heavily populated parts of the state surrounding the large cities of Boston , Worcester , and Springfield . Nixon carried only five counties , three of them island or peninsula counties . Nixon 's most significant win was Plymouth County , which he won narrowly with 51 percent of the vote . Kennedy put in an historically strong performance in the state 's capital and largest city , Boston , home to many Catholics of Irish and Italian immigrant heritage . In Suffolk County , where Boston is located , Kennedy won a landslide with 74.4 percent of the vote to Nixon 's 25 percent , the first time in history that a presidential candidate had received more than 70 percent of the vote in the county . Kennedy was also the first Democrat to carry Norfolk County since Martin van Buren in 1836 . The decisive Democratic win in 1960 would foreshadow the political direction Massachusetts would take in the years to come , as it would become one of the most Democratic states in the nation in the elections that followed . In 1964 and 1968 , Democrats would even outperform Kennedy , and in 1972 it would be the only state in the nation to vote for Democrat George McGovern , ultimately making it the only state that Richard Nixon would never win in any of his three presidential campaigns . The 1960 election was also the last time a candidate who declared Massachusetts as his home state won the presidency regardless of his performance in the state . The next three presidential candidates whose home state was Massachusetts , Michael Dukakis , John Kerry , and Mitt Romney , all lost their presidential bids .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "111970245c66e2d33668f0c6420d8662",
"text": "Nevada Senate The Nevada Senate is the upper house of the Nevada Legislature , the state legislature of U.S. state of Nevada . The Senate currently ( 2012-2021 ) consists of 21 members from single-member districts . In the previous redistricting ( 2002-2011 ) there were 19 districts , two of which were multimember . Since 2012 , there have been 21 districts , each formed by combining two neighboring Assembly districts . Each senator represented approximately 128,598 as of the 2010 census . Article Four of The Nevada Constitution sets that Senators serve staggered four-year terms . In addition , the size of the Senate is set to be no less than one-third and no greater than one-half of the size of the Assembly . Term limits , limiting senators to three 4-year terms ( 12 years ) , took effect in 2010 . Because of the change in Constitution , seven senators were termed out in 2010 , four were termed out in 2012 , and one is to be termed out in 2014 . The Senate met at the Nevada State Capitol in Carson City until 1971 , when a separate Legislative Building was constructed south of the Capitol . The Legislative Building was expanded in 1997 to its current appearance to accommodate the growing Legislature .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25851388c8fe0e4d8b40b14c83dffd99",
"text": "Nuclear option The nuclear option is a parliamentary procedure that allows the United States Senate to override a rule or precedent by a simple majority of 51 votes , instead of by a supermajority of 60 votes . The option is invoked by the presiding officer of the body ruling that the validity of a Senate rule or precedent is a constitutional question . The issue is immediately put to the full Senate , which decides by majority vote . The procedure thus allows the Senate to decide any issue by majority vote , regardless of existing procedural rules , such as current Senate rules specifying that ending a filibuster requires the consent of 60 senators ( out of 100 ) for legislation , and 67 for amending a Senate rule . The term `` nuclear option '' is an analogy to nuclear weapons being the most extreme option in warfare . The nuclear option has only been used in practice twice -- in 2013 and 2017 , however the threat to use it dates back at least to 1917 , in opinions related to reform of the Senate 's filibuster rules . Subsequently , an opinion written by Vice President Richard Nixon in 1957 concluded that the U.S. Constitution grants the presiding officer the authority to override existing Senate rules . The option was used to make further rule changes in 1975 . In November 2013 , Senate Democrats used the nuclear option to eliminate filibusters on executive branch nominations and federal judicial appointments other than those to the Supreme Court . On April 6 , 2017 , Senate Republicans used the nuclear option to eliminate the exception for Supreme Court nominees , after the nomination of Neil Gorsuch failed to meet the requirement of 60 votes for ending the debate . Before November 2013 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote of the `` duly chosen and sworn '' members of the Senate -- ( usually 60 votes ) to end debate on a bill , nomination or other proposal ; they also require a two-thirds vote ( `` present and voting '' -- 67 or more votes ) to end debate on a change to the Senate rules . Those rules effectively allowed a minority of the Senate to block a bill or nomination through the technique of the filibuster . This had resulted in a de facto requirement that a nomination have the support of 60 Senators to pass , rather than a majority of 51 . A three-fifths vote is still required to end debates on legislation . Before April 2017 , Senate rules required a three-fifths vote to confirm nominations for Supreme Court nominees . Under the new nuclear option proceedings , the majority leader and presiding officer , guided by parliamentary experts , go through a series of choreographed steps in which the leader suggests a change to the rules , the presiding officer challenges him , and then the leader calls a second vote on a rules change , which requires only 51 votes . This effectively ends what had become a 60-vote requirement for confirmation of a Supreme Court nominee or the passage of legislation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bfc201293475e261a8145d0713ea4684",
"text": "United States Congress The United States Congress is the bicameral legislature of the federal government of the United States consisting of two chambers : the Senate and the House of Representatives . The Congress meets in the Capitol in Washington , D.C. Both senators and representatives are chosen through direct election , though vacancies in the Senate may be filled by a gubernatorial appointment . Members are usually affiliated to the Republican Party or to the Democratic Party , and only rarely to a third party or as independents . Congress has 535 voting members : 435 Representatives and 100 Senators . The House of Representatives has six non-voting members in addition to its 435 voting members . These members can , however , sit on congressional committees and introduce legislation . These members represent Washington , D.C. , Puerto Rico , American Samoa , Guam , the Northern Mariana Islands and the U.S. Virgin Islands . The members of the House of Representatives serve two-year terms representing the people of a single constituency , known as a `` district '' . Congressional districts are apportioned to states by population using the United States Census results , provided that each state has at least one congressional representative . Each state , regardless of population or size , has two senators . Currently , there are 100 senators representing the 50 states . Each senator is elected at-large in their state for a six-year term , with terms staggered , so every two years approximately one-third of the Senate is up for election .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
20e27e4f376b499572b5b23dd4f7a0f8 | England was not settled by other Germanic tribes. | [
{
"docid": "0109b5c59a7441459e8ebe62725b1004",
"text": "England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight . The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period , but takes its name from the Angles , one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries . England became a unified state in the 10th century , and since the Age of Discovery , which began during the 15th century , has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world . The English language , the Anglican Church , and English law -- the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world -- developed in England , and the country 's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations . The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England , transforming its society into the world 's first industrialised nation . England 's terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains , especially in central and southern England . However , there are uplands in the north ( for example , the mountainous Lake District , and the Pennines ) and in the southwest ( for example , Dartmoor and the Cotswolds ) . The capital is London , which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union.According to the European Statistical Agency , London is the largest Larger Urban Zone in the EU , a measure of metropolitan area which comprises a city 's urban core as well as its surrounding commuting zone . London 's municipal population is also the largest in the EU . England 's population of over 53 million comprises 84 % of the population of the United Kingdom , largely concentrated around London , the South East , and conurbations in the Midlands , the North West , the North East , and Yorkshire , which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century . The Kingdom of England -- which after 1535 included Wales -- ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707 , when the Acts of Union put into effect the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year , resulting in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain . In 1801 , Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom , leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4f940d4ee4e1f2ee4a95d4bd4a5deb38",
"text": "Geography of Lincolnshire The ceremonial county of Lincolnshire ( composed of the shire county of Lincolnshire , plus the unitary authorities of North Lincolnshire and North-East Lincolnshire ) is the second largest of the English counties and one that is predominantly agricultural in character . Despite its relatively large physical area , it has a comparatively small population ( of less than 1 million people ) . The unusually low population density that arises gives the county a very different character from the much more densely populated an urbanised counties of south-east and northern England , and is , in many ways , key to understanding the nature of the county ( and perhaps even its people ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a19bd49845d676d93685bad9a5052718",
"text": "Rædwald of East Anglia Rædwald ( Rædwald -LSB- - angrædwɑɫd -RSB- , ` power in counsel ' ) , also written as Raedwald or Redwald , was a 7th-century king of East Anglia , a long-lived Anglo-Saxon kingdom which included the present-day English counties of Norfolk and Suffolk . He was the son of Tytila of East Anglia and a member of the Wuffingas dynasty ( named after his grandfather , Wuffa ) , who were the first kings of the East Angles . Details about Rædwald 's reign are scarce , primarily because the Viking invasions of the 9th century destroyed the monasteries in East Anglia where many documents would have been kept . Rædwald reigned from about 599 until his death around 624 , initially under the overlordship of Æthelberht of Kent . In 616 , as a result of fighting the Battle of the River Idle and defeating Æthelfrith of Northumbria , he was able to install Edwin , who was acquiescent to his authority , as the new king of Northumbria . During the battle , both Æthelfrith and Rædwald 's son Rægenhere were killed . From around 616 , Rædwald was the most powerful of the English kings south of the River Humber . According to Bede he was the fourth ruler to hold imperium over other southern Anglo-Saxon kingdoms : he was referred to in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , written centuries after his death , as a bretwalda ( an Old English term meaning ` Britain-ruler ' or ` wide-ruler ' ) . He was the first king of the East Angles to become a Christian , converting at Æthelberht 's court some time before 605 , whilst at the same time maintaining a pagan temple . In receiving the faith he helped to ensure the survival of Christianity in East Anglia during the apostasy of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms of Essex and Kent . He is generally considered by historians to be the most favoured candidate for the occupant of the Sutton Hoo ship-burial , although other theories have been advanced .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "704f7f071d2cf89a82b358dca0166e4d",
"text": "Culture of New England The culture of New England comprises a shared heritage and culture primarily shaped by its indigenous peoples , early English colonists , and waves of immigration from Europe , Asia , Africa , and the Americas . In contrast to other American regions , many of New England 's earliest Puritan settlers came from eastern England , contributing to New England 's distinctive accents , foods , customs , and social structures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae8c2ad430605102cb7bfb7dd40f9f08",
"text": "British Assyrians British Assyrians , also known as Assyrian Brits , English Assyrians and Assyrians in the United Kingdom , are members of the Semitic , Eastern Aramaic speaking Assyrian ethnic group ( also known as Chaldo-Assyrians and some by the denominational term Chaldean Catholics ) born or residing in the United Kingdom , numbering approximately 8,000 persons . They are the indigenous Non-Arab , Pre-Arab and Pre-Islamic descendants of the ancient Mesopotamians , and the Assyrians , in particular ( see Assyrian continuity and Assyria ) . Most have migrated from their ancient homelands in northern Iraq , north east Syria , south east Turkey and north west Iran . Concentrations of Assyrians are found in Greenford and in Hanwell , both towns within the London Borough of Ealing . Assyrians mostly migrated from northern Iraq , southeast Turkey , northwest Iran and northeast Syria , an area encompassing the Assyrian homeland . Migration was largely triggered by long standing ethnic and religious persecution in their homelands .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48c0fb33144bf6111219f8debcea388b",
"text": "Navigation Acts The Navigation Acts were a series of English laws that restricted colonial trade to England . They were first enacted in 1651 and throughout that time until 1663 , and were repealed in 1849 . They reflected the policy of mercantilism , which sought to keep all the benefits of trade inside the Empire , and to minimize the loss of gold and silver to foreigners . They prohibited the colonies from trading directly with the Netherlands , Spain , France , and their colonies . The original ordinance of 1651 was renewed at the Restoration by Acts of 1660 , 1663 , 1670 , and 1673 , with subsequent minor amendments . The Acts formed the basis for English overseas trade for nearly 200 years . Additionally the Acts restricted the employment of non-English sailors to a quarter of the crew on returning East India Company ships . The major impetuses for the Navigation Acts were the ruinous deterioration of English trade in the aftermath of the Eighty Years ' War , and the concomitant lifting of the Spanish embargoes on trade between the Spanish Empire and the Dutch Republic . The end of the embargoes in 1647 unleashed the full power of the Amsterdam Entrepôt and other Dutch competitive advantages in world trade . Within a few years , English merchants had practically been overwhelmed in the trade in the Iberian Peninsula , the Mediterranean and the Levant . Even the trade with English colonies ( partly still in the hands of the royalists , as the English Civil War was in its final stages and the Commonwealth of England had not yet imposed its authority throughout the English colonies ) was `` engrossed '' by Dutch merchants . English direct trade was crowded out by a sudden influx of commodities from the Levant , Mediterranean and the Spanish and Portuguese empires , and the West Indies via the Dutch Entrepôt , carried in Dutch ships and for Dutch account . The obvious solution seemed to be to seal off the English and Scottish markets to these unwanted imports . A precedent was the Act the Greenland Company had obtained from Parliament in 1645 prohibiting the import of whale products into England , except in ships owned by that company . This principle was now generalised . In 1648 the Levant Company petitioned Parliament for the prohibition of imports of Turkish goods '' ... from Holland and other places but directly from the places of their growth . '' Baltic traders added their voices to this chorus . In 1650 the Standing Council for Trade and the Council of State of the Commonwealth prepared a general policy designed to impede the flow of Mediterranean and colonial commodities via Holland and Zeeland into England . On the whole , the Acts of Trade and Navigation were obeyed , except for the Molasses Act of 1733 , which led to extensive smuggling because no effective means of enforcement was provided until the 1750s . Stricter enforcement under the Sugar Act of 1764 became one source of resentment of Great Britain by merchants in the American colonies . This in turn helped push the colonies to start the American Revolution in the late 18th century , even though the consensus view among modern economic historians and economists is that the `` costs imposed on -LSB- American -RSB- colonists by the trade restrictions of the Navigation Acts were small . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bc7fbefc48531de84eb8c3930732e8f",
"text": "Battle of the Holme The Battle of the Holme took place in East Anglia on 13 December 902 between the Anglo-Saxon men of Kent and the East Anglian Danes . Its location is unknown but may have been Holme in Huntingdonshire ( now part of Cambridgeshire ) . Following the death of Alfred the Great in 899 , his son Edward the Elder became king , but his cousin Æthelwold , the son of Alfred 's elder brother , King Æthelred , claimed the throne . His bid was unsuccessful , and he fled to the Northumbrian Danes , who , according to one version of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle , accepted him as king . In 902 Æthelwold came with a fleet to Essex and the following year he persuaded the East Anglian Danes to attack Mercia and north Wessex . Edward retaliated by ravaging East Anglia and the Danish army was forced to return to defend its own territory . Edward then retreated , but the men of Kent disobeyed the order to retire , and they met the Danes at the battle of the Holme . The course of the battle is unknown , but the Danes appear to have won as according to the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle they `` kept the place of slaughter '' . However , they suffered heavy losses including Æthelwold , Eohric , probably the Danish king of East Anglia , Brihtsige , son of the ætheling Beornoth , and two holds , Ysopa and Oscetel . The battle thus ended Æthelwold 's Revolt . Kentish losses included Sigehelm , father of Edward the Elder 's third wife , Eadgifu of Kent . The West Saxon chronicler who gave the fullest account of the battle was at pains to explain why Edward and the rest of the English were not present , as if this had been a subject of criticism .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a4020e52d1980bd654a53d0d6ae1b835",
"text": "List of Celtic place names in Italy The Celtic toponymy of Italy are the place names that , through the reconstruction of the historical and linguistic origin , are attributed to language of Celts allocated once in Italy , between the northern regions and in some areas of central Italy . It deals with linguistic varieties of `` fragmentary attestation '' from two strands of Celtic peoples : 1 ) the oldest , perhaps already settled in the Bronze Age , the ancestors of the Celts of Golasecca culture , who spoke a language ( the so-called Lepontic language ) which is more archaic , more conservative Gaulish language ; 2 ) groups of Gauls that penetrated in Italy in the fourth century BC ( and probably also in earlier stages ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bdb5ef954758e3fde180ef7aa81fb74",
"text": "Literature of England The literature of England is literature written in what is now England , or by English writers . It consists mainly of English literature - i.e. literature written in the English language - but there are important examples of literature from England written in other languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af88fde5e8b51a700701198ef5758d28",
"text": "Anglo-Saxon weaponry Many different weapons were created and used in Anglo-Saxon England between the fifth and eleventh centuries . Spears were the most common weapon , and were used for piercing and throwing ( in which case the spear would be called a javelin ) . Other commonplace weapons included the sword , axe , and knife -- bows and arrows , as well as slings , were not frequently used by the Anglo-Saxons . For defensive purposes , the shield was the most common item used by warriors , although mail and helmets were sometimes used . Weapons also had symbolic value for the Anglo-Saxons , apparently having strong connections to gender and social status . Weapons were commonly included as grave goods in the early Anglo-Saxon burials . The vast majority of these weapons were buried in male graves , but there were some exceptions . In a non-funerary context , weapons were occasionally deposited in the ground or near rivers . However , the establishment of a literate Christian clergy in Anglo-Saxon England resulted in the production of several textual sources which describe weapons and their usage in battle . Some of these literary sources include the poems Beowulf and The Battle of Maldon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da81f8aded3228eeffc029b97bab3ec4",
"text": "Kingdom of Sussex Sussex ( -LSB- ˈsʌsɪks -RSB- Sūþseaxna rīce , `` kingdom of the South Saxons '' ) was a Saxon colony and later independent kingdom of the Saxons , on the south coast of England . The South Saxons were ruled by the kings of Sussex .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3cd21922b8130b04ca28289fe232c44",
"text": "Old English literature Old English literature or Anglo-Saxon literature , encompasses literature written in Old English , in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066 . `` Cædmon 's Hymn '' , composed in the 7th century , according to Bede , is often considered the oldest extant poem in English , whereas the later poem , The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English , and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English . The Peterborough Chronicle can also be considered a late-period text , continuing into the 12th century . The poem Beowulf , which often begins the traditional canon of English literature , is the most famous work of Old English literature . The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study , preserving a chronology of early English history . In descending order of quantity , Old English literature consists of : sermons and saints ' lives ; biblical translations ; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers ; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works ; laws , wills and other legal works ; practical works on grammar , medicine , geography ; and poetry . In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period , of which about 189 are considered `` major '' . Besides Old English literature , Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96286d7f0017456c1ee319473ddff4a0",
"text": "Foreign language influences in English The core of English language descends from Old English , the language brought with the Angles , Saxon and Jutish settlers to what was to be called England in and after the 500s . The bulk of the language in spoken and written texts is from this source . As a statistical rule , around 70 % of words in any text are Anglo-Saxon . Moreover , the grammar is largely Anglo-Saxon . While some new words enter English as slang , most do n't . Some words are adopted from other languages ; some are mixtures of existing words ( portmanteau words ) , and some are new creations made of roots from dead languages : e.g. thanatopsis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ae2306a11e267ad2dfa4cd79f855134",
"text": "Angles The Angles ( Anglii ) were one of the main Germanic peoples who settled in Great Britain in the post-Roman period . They founded several of the kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England , and their name is the root of the name England . The name comes from the district of Angeln , an area located on the Baltic shore of what is now Schleswig-Holstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b19f3a44123b074a24030c5dcc380985",
"text": "Anglo-Saxon law Anglo-Saxon law ( Old English ǣ , later lagu `` law '' ; dōm `` decree , judgement '' ) is a body of written rules and customs that were in place during the Anglo-Saxon period in England , before the Norman conquest . This body of law , along with early Scandinavian law and Germanic law , descended from a family of ancient Germanic custom and legal thought . However , Anglo-Saxon law codes are distinct from other early Germanic legal statements - known as the leges barbarorum - in part because they were written in Anglo-Saxon , instead of in Latin . The laws of the Anglo-Saxons were the second in medieval Western Europe after those of the Irish to be expressed in a language other than Latin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d6e8c6bbd8884f9248dbb0048235a30d",
"text": "History of education in England The history of education in England can be documented to the Anglo-Saxons ' settlement of England . During the Middle Ages , schools were established to teach Latin grammar to the sons of the aristocracy , as part of preparation also for the entry of some into the clergy and religious orders . The church preserved literacy and learning during this period , and education was closely tied to the religious vocation , in order to read the Bible and related documents . Apprenticeship was the main way for youths to enter practical occupations . Two universities were established in affiliation with the church : the University of Oxford , followed by the University of Cambridge , both related closely to training for clergy . A reformed system of `` free grammar schools '' was established in the reign of Edward VI . The Protestant Reformation had a major influence on education and literacy in England , as it encouraged the reading of the Bible in the vernacular of the people . ( Formerly , the Bible was printed only in Latin , the official language of the Catholic Church . ) Counties in the east of England , which had frequent interaction with the Low Countries , where the Reformation movement had flourished , developed a higher rate of literacy in the early years of the Reformation than did other areas of England . In the 19th century the Church of England sponsored most formal education until the government established free , compulsory education towards the end of that century . University College London was established as the first secular college in England , open to students of all religions ( or none , ) followed by King 's College London ; the two institutions formed the University of London . Durham University was also established in the early nineteenth century . Towards the end of the century , the `` redbrick '' universities , new public universities , were founded . The 1944 Education Act established the Tripartite System of grammar schools and secondary modern schools . The school leaving age was raised to 16 in 1972 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13643c1214cc01c4799304ca9f35bdec",
"text": "List of monarchs of Kent This is a list of the kings of the Anglo-Saxon Kingdom of Kent . The regnal dates for the earlier kings are known only from Bede , who piously expunged apostates ( Unde cunctis placuit regum tempora computantibus , ut ablata de medio regum perfidorum memoria , idem annus sequentis regis ) , and seems also to have deliberately suppressed details of short or joint reigns in order to produce an orderly sequence ( he had no place for Æðelwald or Eormenred ) . Generally more than one king ruled in Kent . Some kings are known mainly from charters , of which several are forgeries , while others have been subjected to tampering in order to reconcile them with the erroneous king lists of chroniclers , baffled by blanks , and confused by concurrent reigns and kings with similar or identical names . It is commonplace for the later kings to be referred to as subkings , but the actual rank used is always rex , never regulus ( except for a late legend concerning Eormenred ) . The usual style was simply King of Kent ( rex Cantiae ) or King of the Kentish Men ( rex Cantuariorum ) . Territorial division within Kent is not alluded to , except by Eadberht I ( rex Cantuariorum terram dimidii ) and Sigered ( rex dimidie partis prouincie Cantuariorum ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47c0cffb322c4a623983e0d3bcf1cf59",
"text": "Scandinavian Peninsula The Scandinavian Peninsula ( Skandinaviska halvön Den skandinaviske halvøy Skandinavian niemimaa ? Скандинавский полуостров , Skandinavsky poluostrov ) is a peninsula in Northern Europe , which generally comprises the mainland of Sweden , the mainland of Norway ( with the exception of a small coastal area bordering Russia ) , the northwestern area of Finland , as well as a narrow area in the west of the Pechengsky District of Russia . The name of the peninsula is derived from the term Scandinavia , the cultural region of Denmark , Norway and Sweden . That cultural name is in turn derived from the name of Scania , the region at the southern extremity of the peninsula which has during periods been part of Denmark , which is the ancestral home of the Danes , and which is now part of Sweden . The derived term `` Scandinavian '' also refers to the Germanic peoples who speak North Germanic languages , considered to be a dialect continuum derived from Old Norse . These modern North Germanic languages found in Scandinavia are Danish , Norwegian , and Swedish ; additionally Faroese and Icelandic belong to the same language group , but they are not part of the modern Scandinavian dialect continuum and are not intelligible with the other languages . The Scandinavian Peninsula is the largest peninsula of Europe , larger than the Balkan , the Iberian and the Italian peninsulas . During the Ice Ages , the sea level of the Atlantic Ocean dropped so much that the Baltic Sea , the Gulf of Bothnia and the Gulf of Finland disappeared , and the countries now surrounding them , including Germany , Poland , the other Baltic countries and Scandinavia , were directly joined by land .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7824be38b2b2c86df1dd56551333636",
"text": "Anglo-Saxon (disambiguation) Anglo-Saxon may refer to : Anglo-Saxon economy , modern macroeconomic term Anglo-Saxon world , modern societies based on or influenced by English customs Anglo-Saxons , Germanic tribes that settled down in Britain and founded England Anglo-Saxon England , their history Old English , their language , one of various ships White Anglo-Saxon Protestant , an ethnicity",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7912cae0d9d5fb90adb90ac78df9f6b6 | Portia de Rossi appeared in a show. | [
{
"docid": "21bcbaaeffa00edf048796c6a8efa535",
"text": "Portia de Rossi Portia Lee James DeGeneres ( born Amanda Lee Rogers ; January 31 , 1973 ) , also known professionally as Portia de Rossi ( -LSB- ˈpɔərʃə_də_ˈrɒsi -RSB- ) , is an Australian and American actress , model , and philanthropist . She appeared as a regular cast member on the American political thriller television series Scandal in the role of Elizabeth North from 2014 to 2017 . She is also known for her roles as lawyer Nelle Porter on the American television series Ally McBeal -- for which she won a Screen Actors Guild Award in 1999 -- and as Lindsay Fünke on the American television sitcom Arrested Development . She also portrayed Veronica Palmer on the ABC television sitcom Better Off Ted , and Olivia Lord on the television drama Nip/Tuck . De Rossi is married to comedian and television host Ellen DeGeneres .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6441b2e98b6a2ff5a3dc65face5ec5a6",
"text": "Sanremo Music Festival 2004 The Sanremo Music Festival 2004 was the 54th annual Sanremo Music Festival , held at the Teatro Ariston in Sanremo , province of Imperia , between 2 and 6 March 2004 and broadcast by Rai 1 . The show was presented by Simona Ventura , supported by Paola Cortellesi and Gene Gnocchi . Composer Tony Renis served as the artistic director . For the first time since 1984 , in this edition there is not a division of the singers in two sections ( Big Artists and Newcomers ) but a single competition . As was the case in 1975 , due to disagreements between the organizer of the festival Tony Renis and the major record companies , the latter boycotted the festival not inserting their prominent names in the competition . The winner of the competition was Marco Masini with the song `` L'uomo volante '' . Mario Venuti won the critics prize with the song `` Crudele '' . In addition to musical guests , the guests of this edition also included Dustin Hoffman , Cirque du Soleil , Stefania Sandrelli , Rupert Everett , Raoul Bova , Roberto Bolle . After every night , Bruno Vespa and Alba Parietti hosted a special edition of the talk show Porta a Porta with the participation of singers and journalists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73579cd325376f98056507847056dae2",
"text": "Portia (The Merchant of Venice) Portia is the heroine of William Shakespeare 's The Merchant of Venice . A rich , beautiful , and intelligent heiress , she is bound by the lottery set forth in her father 's will , which gives potential suitors the chance to choose between three caskets composed of gold , silver and lead . If they choose the right casket -- the casket containing Portia 's portrait and a scroll -- they win Portia 's hand in marriage . If they choose the wrong casket , they must leave and never seek another woman in marriage . Portia is glad when two suitors , one driven by greed and another by vanity , fail to choose correctly . She favours Bassanio , a young Venetian noble , but is not allowed to give him any clues to assist in his choice . Later in the play , she disguises herself as a man , then assumes the role of a lawyer 's apprentice ( named Balthazar ) whereby she saves the life of Bassanio 's friend , Antonio , in court . Portia is one of the most prominent and appealing of the heroines in Shakespeare 's mature romantic comedies . She is beautiful , gracious , rich , intelligent , and quick-witted , with high standards for her potential romantic partners . She obeys her father 's will , while steadfastly seeking to obtain Bassanio . She demonstrates tact to the Princes of Morocco and Aragon , who unsuccessfully seek her hand . In the court scenes , Portia finds a technicality in the bond , thereby outwitting Shylock and saving Antonio 's life when everyone else fails . It is Portia who delivers one of the most famous speeches in The Merchant of Venice : The strength of the role of Portia has made it attractive to many notable actresses . Frances Abington , Sarah Siddons and Elizabeth Whitlock all played Portia in the 18th century when actresses first started appearing on stage in performances of the play . More recently , the role has been depicted in the cinema and on television by a number of notable actresses such as Maggie Smith , Claire Bloom , Sybil Thorndike , Joan Plowright , Caroline John and Gemma Jones . Despite Portia 's lack of formal legal training , she wins her case by referring to the details of the exact language of the law . Her success involves prevailing on technicalities rather than the merits of the situation . She uses the tactics of what is sometimes called a Philadelphia lawyer . However , the concept of rhetoric and its abuse is also brought to light by Portia -- highlighting the idea that an unjust argument may win through eloquence , loopholes and technicalities , regardless of the moral question at hand -- and thus provoking the audience to consider that issue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aedc41d9b820bb8af900b0ed4d7d6c2a",
"text": "Giannetto De Rossi Giannetto De Rossi ( born 1942 ) is an Italian make up artist who has worked on films such as Emanuelle in America , Zombie 2 and Dune .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d02104a40736540e27e3e32e85dc188d",
"text": "The Age of the Medici The Age of the Medici , originally released in Italy as L'età di Cosimo de Medici ( The Age of Cosimo de Medici ) , is a 1973 3-part TV series about the Renaissance in Florence , directed by Roberto Rossellini . The series was shot in English in the hope of securing a North American release , which it failed to achieve , and was later dubbed into Italian and shown on state television . The films are : Cosimo de Medici , The Power of Cosimo and Leon Battista Alberti : Humanism . It is Fred Ward 's debut role . Like several other TV series directed by Rossellini during the 1970s , The Age of the Medici is a form of docudrama , in which historical information is communicated via dramatized conversations between figures from history , and between ordinary people . They are unabashedly `` teaching films . '' As Dave Kehr explains , `` The dialogue is bluntly didactic , with characters telling one another things they would already know entirely for the benefit of the audience ... . Rossellini is n't asking his viewers to identify with his characters or become caught up in their personal dramas ... Instead he creates a detached perspective . '' Each scene plays out in a single long take , with the camera slowly moving and zooming to create different framings of the action , or , as Kehr puts it , `` to close in on details or investigate relationships '' . When the films debuted in New York 's Public Theater in 1973 , New York Times movie critic Vincent Canby noted that while not difficult , the austere style of the films , `` as well as Rossellini 's total lack of concern for what might be called performance , take some getting used to . Yet once you 've grasped the method and the rhythm of the films , they are a ravishingly beautiful experience '' : The actors make few attempts to act . They recite as they walk about magnificent locations , sounding and looking like ferociously gifted dress-extras . The talk has been rather flatly dubbed into English so that it 's not always possible to tell who is speaking.Forget these problems , though . The film is about what is being said and what you can see around and behind these figures . When you connect with The Age of the Medici , it has the effect of reducing every other film you 've seen recently to the status of an ornament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "85500c08d546ac083ca483b10273346a",
"text": "Portlandia (TV series) Portlandia is a sketch comedy television series set and filmed in and around Portland , Oregon , starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein . The show is produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions . It was created by Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein , along with Jonathan Krisel , who directs it . It debuted on IFC on January 21 , 2011 . The show shares its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland , which appears in the show 's title sequence . The show has won a Peabody Award . In January 2017 , the series was renewed for an eighth and final season to debut in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54b34bde860f82c3d3efe616271f2f7a",
"text": "DeGeneres DeGeneres is a surname . Notable people with the surname include : Betty DeGeneres ( born 1930 ) , mother of Ellen DeGeneres and American activist . Ellen DeGeneres ( born 1958 ) , American stand-up comedian , television hostess , and actress . Vance DeGeneres ( born 1954 ) , American actor , older brother of Ellen DeGeneres . Portia de Rossi , or Portia DeGeneres ( born 1973 ) , wife of Ellen DeGeneres and American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11ed4a760583d3c606469acdd4434836",
"text": "Italia's Got Talent Italia 's Got Talent is the Italian version of the international Got Talent series . The pilot episode was aired on 12 December 2009 on Canale 5 and it was seen by 5.3 million people . After this episode , Mediaset decided to hold on this show with a full-length season . The first season started on 12 April 2010 with high ratings and continued broadcasting . Maria De Filippi , Gerry Scotti and Rudy Zerbi are the three judges . The sixth series ( 2015 ) will face many changes . It has been aired by pay-TV Sky Uno , the entertainment-purposed channel of Sky Italy , owned by News Corporation . The host is the Spanish-born Italian actress and model Vanessa Incontrada . No judges from the previous series have been confirmed : the new panel face the arrival of actor Claudio Bisio , actress and comedian Luciana Littizzetto , singer Nina Zilli and YouTube star Frank Matano . Talents are competing for $ 100,000 . The final has been simulcast by Sky Uno and Cielo . The seventh season is being aired in simulcast on Sky Uno and TV8 , a brand new free channel of Sky Italia , together with Planet 's Got Talent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d51e1431e55b685316984432371d45b8",
"text": "Melbourne City Opera CitiOpera , originally known as Melbourne City Opera , is a semi-professional opera company based in Melbourne , Australia . Formed in 1997 , it was the successor of Globe Opera . In 2007 the company began performing at the BMW Edge , a 450-seat indoor amphitheatre located in Federation Square . Initially the company made its home at the National Theatre , the Comedy Theatre and later at the Melbourne Athenaeum , and featured Suzanne Steele , Ronald Dowd , Margaret Nisbett , Maureen Howard , and Ron Stevens in productions of La bohème , Faust , Carmen , Pagliacci , Cavalleria rusticana , Madama Butterfly , The Merry Widow , Die Fledermaus , The Student Prince , and many others . The 2007 season began with productions of Verdi 's Il corsaro , Attila and The Pavarotti Story , devised and narrated by director Joseph Talia and conducted by Erich Fackert . In 2008 the season commenced with a concert production of Beethoven 's Fidelio at Melba Hall , University of Melbourne . The company presented The Puccini Story in honour of the 150th anniversary of the birth of Giacomo Puccini . This program was an analysis of how Puccini 's personal characteristics impacted on the creation of his characters and the composition of his music . In March 2009 , the company staged Verdi 's Ernani . Melbourne City Opera staged Verdi 's Luisa Miller in September 2009 , Andrea Chénier in June 2010 , La rondine in November 2010 and presented a tribute to Dame Joan Sutherland in November 2011 at the BMW Edge .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05ed48a6d0ba05cc83a75761a27bc9b0",
"text": "Rai 5 Rai 5 is an Italian television channel owned by Rai and broadcast on Digital terrestrial television in Italy . The channel replaced Rai Extra . It broadcasts programs about art , fashion , dance , opera , theatre , cuisine , travel , and documentary films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93a09fdf79f1258f17b52dbe5dad9251",
"text": "Drea de Matteo Drea de Matteo ( -LSB- dreɪ_də_məˈteɪoʊ -RSB- born January 19 , 1972 ) is an American actress , known for her roles as Angie Bolen on ABC 's Desperate Housewives , Joey Tribbiani 's sister Gina on the NBC sitcom Joey , Wendy Case on FX series Sons of Anarchy , and Adriana La Cerva on the HBO TV series The Sopranos , a role for which she won a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series . She currently stars as Det. Tess Nazario in NBC 's Shades of Blue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e73d550557132dfd3690e842b7f3403a",
"text": "La piovra La Piovra ( -LSB- la ˈpjɔːvra -RSB- ; The Octopus , referring to `` The Mafia '' ) is an Italian television drama miniseries about the Mafia . The story was by Sandro Petraglia . The production was designed by Luigi Perelli . The soundtrack was by Riz Ortolani and later by Ennio Morricone , who went on to compose music for several sequels . All 10 series have been released in Australia on DVD by Aztec International Entertainment , with English subtitles , having been originally aired on the Special Broadcasting Service television channel . It was also broadcast on MHz Networks in the United States . The first three series were shown in the UK on Channel 4 . The TV drama was successful in the USSR , where it appeared on state TV in 1986 in Albania , in Romania , and in Bulgaria , where is appeared in the end of the 1980s ( in its seventh season , the show featured Bulgarian actor Stefan Danailov ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1318f050505addfbd673cb69ccce0c9",
"text": "Ma il portiere non c'è mai? Ma il portiere non c ' è mai ? is an Italian television series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d830dbc2e18aa4f712949a97749dc752",
"text": "La donna del lago La donna del lago ( The Lady of the Lake ) is an opera composed by Gioachino Rossini with a libretto by Andrea Leone Tottola ( whose verses are described as `` limpid '' by one critic ) based on the French translation of The Lady of the Lake , a narrative poem written in 1810 by Sir Walter Scott , whose work continued to popularize the image of the romantic highlands . Scott 's basic story has been noted as coming from `` the hint of an incident stemming from the frequent custom of James V , the King of Scotland , of walking through the kingdom in disguise '' . It was the first of the Italian operas to be based on Scott 's romantic works , and marked the beginning of romanticism in Rossini 's work . It was `` deeply influential in the development of Italian romantic opera '' to the extent that by 1840 ( barely 20 years after this opera ) , there were 25 Italian operas based on his works , the most famous being Donizetti 's Lucia di Lammermoor of 1835 . Others in German , French and English followed . Written for the Teatro San Carlo in Naples , this was the seventh of nine operas which Rossini wrote for that house between 1815 and 1822 . Although the première on 24 September 1819 was not a success , there followed many performances throughout major European venues ( as well as being presented in Cuba and by major South American houses ) until about 1860 , after which the opera disappeared until 1958 . In modern times , performances have been given fairly frequently .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb155e7c7fca45c93595ed997188530c",
"text": "The Catherine Tate Show The Catherine Tate Show is a British television sketch comedy written by Catherine Tate and Aschlin Ditta . Tate also stars in all but one of the show 's sketches , which feature a wide range of characters . The Catherine Tate Show airs on BBC Two and is shown worldwide through the BBC . Collectively , the show has been nominated for six BAFTA Awards , two British Comedy Awards and an Emmy Award , and it has won two Royal Television Society Awards , two British Comedy Awards and a National Television Award since its debut in 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eeca6f8a49edf720ebd21bbccdd4c05f",
"text": "Signore e signora Signore e signora is an Italian sitcom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "238ae6050262e813ceba3f982d9d88dc",
"text": "Carolina Oliveira Carolina Machado de Oliveira ( born November 29 , 1994 , in São José dos Campos , Brazil ) is a Brazilian actress . In 2005 , she was nominated for an International Emmy for her role in the show Hoje É Dia de Maria .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d7c8db631d953b41bd7f584aeea9fd2",
"text": "O Rebu O Rebu ( Literally English : The Fuss , International Title : The Party ) is a Brazilian late night telenovela written by George Moura and Sérgio Goldenberg ( based on Bráulio Pedroso 's original story ) and directed by José Luiz Villamarim . O Rebu '' 's plot is loosely based on the 1974 telenovela of the same name , featuring an innovative narrative : the whole story takes place in 24 hours . The series premiered on Monday , July 14 , 2014 on a special time at 10:30 p.m. ( BRT/AMT ) on Rede Globo . A total of 36 episodes of 35 minutes were produced . O Rebu '' aired 4 episodes per week , Monday to Friday ( minus Wednesday due the 2014 Football season games broadcast ) at 11:15 p.m. ( BRT/AMT ) . Patrícia Pillar , Tony Ramos , Sophie Charlotte and Daniel de Oliveira star as the protagonists , while Cássia Kis and José de Abreu star as the antagonists .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46e7c2bfc31a3780f4dfb23bedcc3cec",
"text": "A Woman as a Friend A Woman as a Friend ( Una donna per amica ) is a 2014 romantic comedy film written and directed by Giovanni Veronesi and starring Fabio De Luigi and Laetitia Casta .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19e4e9147e7dd16bf218f3c86b3e9a95",
"text": "Portlandia (season 7) The seventh season of the television comedy Portlandia premiered on IFC in the United States on January 5 , 2017 , consisting a total of 10 episodes . The series stars Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b1e6871c0440fbebe3d402d37eb0c81",
"text": "De Rossi De Rossi is an Italian surname , and may refer to : Alessandra De Rossi , Philippine actress Assunta De Rossi , Philippine actress Azariah dei Rossi , an Italian-Jewish physician and scholar Bernardo de Rossi , Italian theologian and historian Bernardo de ' Rossi , Italian bishop Daniele De Rossi , Italian footballer Fabrizio De Rossi , a fictional character in the 1997 film Titanic Giovan Antonio de ' Rossi , ( 1616 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 19th-century Italian archaeologist Giovanni Bernardo De Rossi , 19th-century Italian Christian Hebraist Mattia de Rossi , ( 1637 -- 1695 ) , Italian architect of the Baroque Properzia de ' Rossi , Italian Renaissance sculptor Portia de Rossi , Australian actress Saint Giovanni Battista de Rossi , 18th-century Roman priest",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
46df591d53a273cad4f8cf49ea473464 | Since surgery Tiger Woods has struggled to regain his dominant form. | [
{
"docid": "d9b6f3ed806ac36d1cbcc32e337e2879",
"text": "Tiger Woods Eldrick Tont `` Tiger '' Woods ( born December 30 , 1975 ) is an American professional golfer who is among the most successful golfers of all time . He has been one of the highest-paid athletes in the world for several years . Following an outstanding junior , college , and amateur career , Woods turned professional at the age of 20 , at the end of the summer in 1996 . By April 1997 he had already won his first major , the 1997 Masters . Woods won this tournament in a record-breaking performance , winning by 12 strokes while pocketing $ 486,000 . He first reached the number one position in the world rankings in June 1997 , after less than a year as a professional . Throughout the 2000s , Woods was the dominant force in golf ; from August 1999 to September 2004 ( 264 weeks ) and from June 2005 to October 2010 ( 281 weeks ) , Woods was the top-ranked men 's golfer in the world . From December 2009 to early April 2010 , Woods took leave from professional golf to focus on his personal life after he admitted infidelity . Despite attempts at reconciliation , he and his wife Elin Nordegren eventually divorced . His many alleged extramarital indiscretions were revealed by several women , through many worldwide media sources . This was followed by a loss of golf form , and his ranking gradually fell to a low of No. 58 in November 2011 . He ended a career-high winless streak of 107 weeks when he triumphed in the Chevron World Challenge in December 2011 . After winning the Arnold Palmer Invitational on March 25 , 2013 , he ascended to the No. 1 ranking once again , holding the top spot until May 2014 . Woods had back surgery in April 2014 and September 2015 and has struggled since to regain his dominant form . By March 29 , 2015 , Woods had fallen to # 104 , outside of the top 100 for the first time since 1996 . In May 2016 , Woods dropped out of the world top 500 for the first time in his professional career . Woods has broken numerous golf records . He has been World Number One for the most consecutive weeks and for the greatest total number of weeks of any golfer . He has been awarded PGA Player of the Year a record eleven times , the Byron Nelson Award for lowest adjusted scoring average a record eight times , and has the record of leading the money list in ten different seasons . He has won 14 professional major golf championships , the second-highest of any player ( Jack Nicklaus leads with 18 ) , and 79 PGA Tour events , second all time behind Sam Snead , who had 82 wins . He has more career major wins and career PGA Tour wins than any other active golfer . He is the youngest player to achieve the career Grand Slam , and the youngest and fastest to win 50 tournaments on tour . Additionally , Woods is only the second golfer ( after Nicklaus ) to have achieved a career Grand Slam three times . Woods has won 18 World Golf Championships , and won at least one of those events in each of the first 11 years after they began in 1999 . Woods and Rory McIlroy are the only golfers to win both The Silver Medal and The Gold Medal at The Open Championship .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6a4b7e5fb62028dbbf3fd57e8c6574f9",
"text": "1922 PGA Championship The 1922 PGA Championship was the fifth PGA Championship , held August 14 -- 18 at Oakmont Country Club in Oakmont , Pennsylvania , a suburb northeast of Pittsburgh . The match play field of 64 competitors qualified by sectional tournaments . This was the first PGA Championship with a field of 64 in the bracket ; the previous four had fields of 32 players . In the Friday final , Gene Sarazen defeated Emmet French , 4 & 3 . Sarazen , age 20 , also won the U.S. Open a month earlier near Chicago . Defending champion Walter Hagen did not enter this year due to exhibition engagements ; the two champions met the following year in the finals , won by Sarazen . This was the first of eleven major championships at Oakmont ; three PGA Championships and eight U.S. Opens through 2013 . It has hosted the U.S. Amateur five times and the U.S. Women 's Open twice . The PGA Championship returned in 1951 and 1978 . Sarazen was the first of four players in history to win the U.S. Open and the PGA Championship in the same calendar year . He was followed by Ben Hogan in 1948 and Jack Nicklaus in 1980 . Through 2012 , Tiger Woods is the last to win both , in 2000 , part of his Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8d919ec805751dc1dc933e50ab5fa58",
"text": "Bass Pro Shops Legends of Golf The Bass Pro Shops Legends of Golf at Big Cedar is a golf tournament on the PGA Tour Champions . Beginning in 2014 , it will be played at Big Cedar Lodge on the par-3 Top of the Rock course , designed by Jack Nicklaus and the 18-hole Buffalo Ridge course , redesigned by Tom Fazio in Ridgedale , Missouri . The tournament is sponsored by Bass Pro Shops , which owns the Big Cedar Lodge . It is often called `` The tournament that launched the Champions Tour '' . From 1978 until 2012 , it was known as the Liberty Mutual Insurance Legends of Golf in Savannah , Georgia at The Club at Savannah Harbor . Liberty Mutual was the main sponsor of the tournament . It currently consists of two separate events using four-ball and alternate shot formats with two-man teams : the 54-hole Champions Division ( age 50 -- 65 ) and the 45-hole Legends Division ( age 65 + ) ( on the final day of the tournament , held at Top of the Rock , Legends play only the course once , while Champions play the course twice ) . Only the Champions Division event is an official money/official victory event . For 2008 to 2013 , it consisted of three separate events : the Legends Division is a 54-hole two-man team better-ball event for men over 50 , the Raphael Division is a 36-hole two-man team better-ball event for men age 50 -- 69 , and the Demaret Division is a 36-hole two-man team better-ball event for men over 70 . Only the Legends Division event was an official money/official victory event . The tournament was founded in 1978 and consisted of a 54-hole two-man team better-ball event for men over 50 . Its success provided impetus for the formation of the Senior PGA Tour in 1980 . In 1987 , a Legendary Division was added . This consisted of a 36-hole two-man team better-ball event for men over 60 . These teams also competed in the Legends Division - Charles Coody & Dale Douglass won both divisions in 1998 . In 1993 , the 36-hole Demaret Division ( named after tournament co-founder Jimmy Demaret ) was added for men over 70 . For this year alone , all three divisions were competed at individual stroke play . In 2002 , the Legends Division became an individual stroke play event and became an official money event on the Champions Tour . This format remained through 2007 . The Legendary Division was renamed the Raphael Division ( after tournament co-founder Fred Raphael who had died in 2001 ) and became the 36-hole two-man team better-ball event for men over 60 . The purse for the 2014 tournament Champions Division was US$ 2,400,000 , with $ 230,000 going to each member of the winning team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f5eb94dea6cf21695b9cdb4f477a1f2",
"text": "2005 Masters Tournament The 2005 Masters Tournament was the 69th Masters Tournament , played from April 7 -- 10 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Tiger Woods , 29 , won his fourth green jacket on the first hole of a playoff with Chris DiMarco . Rain was a factor the whole week , and delayed much of the play . The purse was $ 7.0 million with a winner 's share of $ 1.26 million . It was the ninth of Woods ' fourteen major championships . This Masters was the last as competitors for three former champions : Tommy Aaron ( 1973 ) , Billy Casper ( 1970 ) , and six-time winner Jack Nicklaus . Ryan Moore was low amateur at 287 ( − 1 ) , the best score by an amateur since 1978 , and earned an exemption to the 2006 tournament . Jerry Pate , a non-playing invitee , won the 46th Par-3 contest on Wednesday with a five-under 22 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f2cfd7a771495ee858f9b1510df6736",
"text": "1995 Masters Tournament The 1995 Masters Tournament was the 59th Masters Tournament , held April 6 -- 9 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Ben Crenshaw won his second Masters championship , one stroke ahead of runner-up Davis Love III . It was an emotional victory for Crenshaw as it came just days after the death of his mentor , Harvey Penick . Crenshaw and Tom Kite attended the funeral in Texas on Wednesday and did not return to Augusta until that night , on the eve of the first round . The 1995 Masters marked the first major championship for Tiger Woods , who qualified as the 1994 U.S. Amateur champion . A 19-year-old college freshman at Stanford , he tied for 41st place and was the leading amateur , the only one to make the cut . Woods ' average driving distance was the longest in the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f2aee977d56bd3506d6c0cdbdd9adf2",
"text": "Golf instruction Golf instruction is the art of equipping and training golfers to play better golf through improved awareness of swing cause and effects as a result of the actions by their body , the club , and their effect on the golf ball . Most great golfers have a few common elements that make them great including : proper intentionality , swing repeatability to produce an action that fits the golfers intentionality , and a strong level of automaticity for long lasting enjoyment of the game golf . Golf instruction is unique as golf consists of five primary skills : shots from a tee ( most notable : driving that uses a driver ) , full shots from the ground ( mostly known as `` iron shots '' , pitching ( or 3/4 shots designed for distance control , chipping ( short shots around the green the require less than a full swing ) , putting ( 1 club preferably `` the putter '' ) and course strategy or gamesmanship . Proficiency in teaching golf instruction requires not only technical and physical ability , but also knowledge of the rules and etiquette of the game . Golf instruction offered on many platforms in the United States including : the PGA of America , GolfTEC , and independent golfers who `` may '' or `` may not '' have credentials that are recognized by credible teachers certified sources such as the PGA of America . Although there are many great golf instructors in the United States , who are PGA Class A Professionals , not all great instructors carry this status nor find it a major determiner of golf instruction proficiency . Golf Instruction can be wide ranging , but many great modern day instructors are able to diagnose and prescribe swing frustrations accurately and present a clear fix that encourages the golfer in the discovery of lasting repeatability from the specific ailment that `` plagued '' them from a sound repeatable swing to play a golf course successfully ( varying terms of success as a golfer ) Many modern instructors include the following in their diagnosis 1 . visual feedback through video and bio motion analysis 2 . personalized golf club fitting for individual body and swing types 3 . on-course play under real conditions 4 . mental performance development 5 . golf specific body conditioning for optimal golf bio-mechanics Beginning players can start lesson in several ways , but most do so in either a group or individual setting , covering the five primary skills of golf as noted above golf swing . Golf is an asymmetrical exercise that can break body balances , requiring also adequate exercises to keep the balance in muscles . Experienced recreational players often return for instruction , either to fix a specific problem they are encountering or to improve their game . Reconstruction of a golf swing to reach a high level of play often involves series of lessons over an extended period of time . Junior golfers often begin receiving instruction by age 10 or younger , and often retain private teachers even when coached on a high school golf team . Some top instructors who work with professional golfers have become quite well known in their own right over the years , including Harvey Penick , Jack Grout , Dick Harmon , David Leadbetter , Butch Harmon , Hank Haney , Chip Thomson , Sean Foley , and Mike Bennett and Andy Plummer . Some of the teachers maintain teaching facilities or schools where they or their disciples use their methods or systems . A few instructors focus solely on a particular aspect of the sport , such as Dave Pelz with the short game . Some famous golfers have been tightly bound with their instructor , such as Jack Nicklaus with Jack Grout , while in other cases golfers have made high-profile switches from one instructor to another , such as Tiger Woods moving from Butch Harmon to various other instructors . Recreational golfers are constantly seeking tips on how to improve , and the major golf publications such as Golf Magazine and Golf Digest devote substantial portions of their pages to instructional material of various kinds , often written by top-level instructors . Even television broadcasts of professional golf tournaments often contain short instructional segments , delivered by commentators who are also instructors such as Peter Kostis . Golf instruction may be augmented by training aids such as specially weighting or jointed clubs , putting cups for practice on the den room carpet , mini practice tees with feedback for use in garages , et cetera . Some training aids are sold via television infomercials and the more peculiar varieties were satirized in the 1996 film Tin Cup . Golf instruction is no guarantee of success or improved play in the game . Bad mechanics can be deeply ingrained in a subject 's swing , and psychological factors can also hinder progress . The 2009 Golf Channel program The Haney Project : Charles Barkley showcased some of these issues , as Hank Haney attempted to fix former NBA great Charles Barkley 's infamously bad swing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02e8b5b247e77d1092f254fa65780408",
"text": "1983 Masters Tournament The 1983 Masters Tournament was the 47th Masters Tournament , held April 7 -- 11 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Seve Ballesteros won his second Masters and third major title , four strokes ahead of runners-up Ben Crenshaw and Tom Kite . Play on Friday was postponed due to heavy rain , and the final round was completed on Monday for the first time since 1973 . Defending champion Craig Stadler was tied for the 54-hole lead with 1976 champion Raymond Floyd , with Ballesteros one stroke back , and two-time champion Tom Watson an additional stroke behind . Ballesteros got off to a fast start in the final round on Monday with a birdie-eagle start . With another birdie at the difficult par-3 fourth , he added four pars and another birdie at the ninth for a five-under 31 on the front nine . Ballesteros cruised to a 69 ( − 3 ) and a comfortable win as neither Stadler , Floyd , nor Watson broke par . During the postponement of Friday 's round , the possibility was raised that the tournament would not complete the entire 72 holes , as the southeastern U.S. was experiencing heavy rains and flooding and forecasts were not favorable . Saturday 's second round went off from split tees ( 1st and 10th ) and six players did not complete their rounds until early Sunday morning . With this extension , the tournament committee did not attempt to complete the final two rounds on Sunday , opting for the third round only on Sunday and the fourth on Monday . Four-time champion Arnold Palmer , 53 , opened with a 68 on Thursday and made the cut at the Masters for the final time . In his 29th Masters , he stated that the conditions on Saturday were the worst he had ever seen at Augusta . Five-time winner Jack Nicklaus , 43 , withdrew before his second round start time due to back spasms experienced while warming up Saturday morning . It was only his second withdrawal as a pro , the first was three years earlier at the 1980 World Series of Golf . Nicklaus had missed only one cut in the previous 23 Masters and made ten consecutive after this year , including his record sixth green jacket in 1986 . It was the final major championship for Sam Snead , 70 , a three-time Masters champion . He withdrew after a first round 79 as he assessed he could not make the cut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6ef839173b25d996843f7ec8462b5859",
"text": "1958 U.S. Open (golf) The 1958 U.S. Open was the 58th U.S. Open , held June 12 -- 14 at Southern Hills Country Club in Tulsa , Oklahoma . Amid oppressive heat and high winds which created difficult scoring conditions , native Oklahoman Tommy Bolt won his only major championship , four strokes ahead of runner-up Gary Player . It was Player 's debut in the U.S. Open at age 22 . Bolt owned the 36-hole lead at 142 ( +2 ) , a stroke ahead of Player . After a third round 69 on Saturday morning , Bolt was at 211 ( +1 ) and three strokes ahead of Gene Littler , who carded a 67 for 214 ( +4 ) . Littler fell back in the final round in the afternoon , shooting a 76 to finish in fourth place . Bolt ran away from the field with a final round 72 for 283 ( +3 ) , four ahead of Player . Bolt was the only player not to record a round of 75 or over during the championship . Ben Hogan , in search of his fifth U.S. Open title , was hampered by an injured left wrist and finished eleven strokes back in a tie for tenth . Eighteen-year-old Jack Nicklaus , in his second U.S. Open , made his first cut and finished in 41st place . Sam Snead missed the cut for the first time in 18 Open appearances . Two-time champion Gene Sarazen missed the cut in his final appearance , while three-time Masters champion Jimmy Demaret also played his final Open , withdrawing after the third round . It was the first of seven major championships at Southern Hills . The U.S. Open returned in 1977 and 2001 and the PGA Championship has been played at the course four times : 1970 , 1982 , 1994 , and 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88317cabea58b05e22d0c4da72d260fa",
"text": "1986 Masters Tournament The 1986 Masters Tournament was the 50th Masters Tournament , held April 10 -- 13 at the Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Jack Nicklaus won his record 18th professional major with a historic one-stroke victory . He shot a final round 65 ( − 7 ) , with a back nine of 30 ( − 6 ) , for a total score of 279 ( − 9 ) . At age 46 , he became the oldest winner of the Masters and the second-oldest winner of any major championship , behind Julius Boros , who was 48 when he captured the PGA Championship in 1968 . The win also gave Nicklaus a record six Masters victories , the first in 1963 , less than ten months after his first major win at the 1962 U.S. Open . The 23-year span of Masters victories and 24-year span of major victories are also records . The runners-up were Tom Kite and Greg Norman , whose near-misses at the Masters are also noteworthy . The winner 's share was $ 144,000 , up from $ 20,000 at Nicklaus ' first win at Augusta in 1963 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0532552a7cfe9dddb256f034b4e1daf0",
"text": "Alvis Woods Alvis `` Al '' Woods ( born August 8 , 1953 in Oakland , California ) is a former professional baseball player . He played all or part of seven seasons in Major League Baseball between 1977 and 1986 , primarily as a left fielder . He batted and threw left-handed . Woods was originally drafted by the Montreal Expos in 1971 , but did not sign until being drafted by the Minnesota Twins the following season . He spent several seasons in the minor leagues before being selected by the Toronto Blue Jays in the 1976 Major League Baseball expansion draft . Woods was on the Opening Day roster for the Blue Jays ' inaugural season . In his -- and the team 's -- first ever major league game , on April 7 , 1977 , he entered the game in the fifth inning as a pinch hitter for right fielder Steve Bowling . He proceeded to homer in his first at bat , on the fifth pitch he saw , off Chicago White Sox pitcher Francisco Barrios . He ended the 1977 season with a .284 batting average in 122 games as the regular Blue Jays left fielder . Woods enjoyed a good season in 1979 , appearing a career-high 132 games while hitting .278 with 33 extra-base hits . In 1980 , he recorded career highs in average ( .300 ) , home runs ( 15 ) and RBI ( 47 ) . The next two years he shared outfield duties with George Bell , Lloyd Moseby , Garth Iorg and Barry Bonnell , and also saw action as a designated hitter . Following the 1982 season , Woods was traded to the Oakland Athletics for Cliff Johnson . The A 's released him during spring training , and he re-signed to a minor league contract with the Blue Jays in July . He spent the next two seasons with the Triple-A Syracuse Chiefs , and was released by the Blue Jays at the end of the 1984 season . Woods returned to the Minnesota Twins for the 1985 season , spending the entire year with the Triple-A Toledo Mud Hens . He started 1986 with Toledo , but received a brief call-up in May , and again was brought up to the majors when rosters expanded in September . He became a free agent after the season , and subsequently retired . Overall , in a seven-season career , Woods was a .271 hitter with 35 home runs and 196 RBI in 618 games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "573d23a23a9e54d28df576389c4697fb",
"text": "Gene Sauers Gene Craig Sauers ( born August 22 , 1962 ) is an American professional golfer , currently playing on the PGA Tour Champions . He had three wins on the PGA Tour and overcame a deadly skin condition that kept him off the golf course for five years . He won the U.S. Senior Open in 2016 , a senior major championship . Born in Savannah , Georgia , Sauers started him playing golf at the age of nine with his father . He attended Georgia Southern University in Statesboro , turned pro , and joined the PGA Tour in 1984 . Sauers has four dozen top-10 finishes in PGA Tour events including three official wins . His first win was in 1986 at the Bank of Boston Classic ; his second came at the 1989 Hawaiian Open ; his third , which came after a 13-year hiatus , was in 2002 at the final edition of the Air Canada Championship in British Columbia . He also won the Deposit Guaranty Golf Classic in Mississippi in 1990 , opposite the Masters in April , before it was an official money event . He finished two other tournaments in a tie for first place at the end of regulation : the 1992 Bob Hope Chrysler Classic , which he lost on the fourth extra hole of a playoff to John Cook , and the St. Jude Classic in 1994 , which he and Hal Sutton lost to Tour rookie Dicky Pride . After his win in Canada , Sauers received the PGA Comeback Player of the Year award in 2002 . His best finish in a major was a tie for second at the PGA Championship in 1992 . Sauers lost his tour card in 1995 and had to play primarily on the Nike Tour until his PGA Tour victory in 2002 with its two-year exemption . He recorded one victory on the Nike Tour at the 1998 Nike South Carolina Classic , and about a dozen top-10 finishes . Sauers competed on the PGA Tour until 2005 . From 2006 to 2010 , he did not compete professionally after a misdiagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis turned out to be a rare , painful skin condition Stevens-Johnson syndrome , and he was given only a 25-percent chance of survival . His condition had worsened when blood vessels in his arms and legs clogged , causing his skin to burn from the inside out . Although he eventually recovered after many debilitating months , his forearms show the scars of numerous skin grafts . Sauers finally overcame the disease and played a limited Nationwide Tour schedule in 2011 and 2012 before making his Champions Tour debut at the Boeing Classic near Seattle in 2012 . He earned two top-10 finishes in 2012 and was also inducted into the Georgia Golf Hall of Fame . Playing a full season in 2013 , Sauers was twice a runner-up , including a playoff loss to Esteban Toledo at the Insperity Invitational . He finished nineteenth on the Champions Tour money list . In the first six months of 2014 , Sauers played in eleven events , with six top-25 finishes and a best of T-15 at the Allianz Championship in early February . At the U.S. Senior Open in Oklahoma in July , he was tied with Colin Montgomerie after 72 holes but lost in a three-hole playoff . Two years later in 2016 , Sauers earned his first win as a senior at the U.S. Senior Open in Ohio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3dd1ee0394fdaa2b1a556475d8a7e71b",
"text": "Sergio García Sergio García Fernández ( -LSB- ˈseɾxjo ɣaɾˈθi.a feɾˈnandeθ -RSB- ; born 9 January 1980 ) is a Spanish professional golfer who plays on both the PGA Tour and the European Tour . García has won 30 international tournaments as a professional , most notably the 2008 Players Championship and the 2017 Masters Tournament . Garcia is also the Chairman of Spanish football team CF Borriol . García has spent much of his career in the top 10 of the Official World Golf Ranking , including over 300 weeks in the top 10 between 2000 and 2009 , and over 400 weeks in the top 10 in total . García reached his highest career ranking , 2nd , after winning the HSBC Champions tournament in November 2008 . García has achieved career earnings of more than US$ 43 million . As a player , he is noted for strong iron play and accuracy . In the Ryder Cup , García competed in eight of the nine matches playing during his professional career cumulatively earning 22.5 points during those matches .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2ebec17be3642ecfa3a66f104b419f5",
"text": "1984 Masters Tournament The 1984 Masters Tournament was the 48th Masters Tournament , held April 12 -- 15 at Augusta National Golf Club in Augusta , Georgia . Ben Crenshaw won the first of his two major titles , both Masters , two strokes ahead of runner-up Tom Watson , the winner in 1977 and 1981 . The leader after 36 holes was Masters rookie Mark Lye at 135 ( − 9 ) , three strokes ahead of Tom Kite . Play was halted near the end of the third round due to thunderstorms and the final groups completed it on Sunday morning . After 54 holes , Kite led at 207 ( − 9 ) and Lye was a stroke back . Crenshaw was two strokes back at 209 and shot a final round 68 ( − 4 ) to slip on his first green jacket . He won again eleven years later in 1995 . Defending champion Seve Ballesteros was assessed a two-stroke penalty in the second round for grounding his club within the confines of a water hazard at the 13th hole and missed the cut by a stroke . He also missed the cut as defending champion in 1981 . Normally scheduled to conclude on the second Sunday of April , this Masters was held a week later , as was 1979 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d869954d1c015146f845101dd23b7dc8",
"text": "Denis Watson Denis Leslie Watson ( born 18 October 1955 ) is a professional golfer from Zimbabwe . Born in Salisbury , Rhodesia ( now Harare , Zimbabwe ) Watson was educated at Oriel Boys High School , Chisipite . He was Rhodesian Sportsman of the Year in 1975 , but went on to represent South Africa in the World Series of Golf in 1980 and 1982 -- sporting connections between Rhodesia and Apartheid South Africa were blurred at the time , for example the Rhodesian cricket team was once part of the South African domestic set-up . Watson turned professional in 1976 and played on the European Tour from 1978 to 1980 . After moving to the United States , where he joined the PGA Tour , he had his career year in 1984 when he won the Buick Open , NEC World Series of Golf , and Panasonic Las Vegas Invitational to tie for the most wins on the PGA Tour that season . Watson finished second in the 1985 U.S. Open , missing out on forcing a playoff by one shot , having incurred a two-stroke penalty earlier in the tournament . The penalty was assessed on the eighth hole in the first round , after he had waited longer than the allowed ten seconds for a putt that had hung on the lip of the hole to drop in . The ball did fall into the hole , but the birdie was disallowed and the penalty strokes added . The USGA and R&A , the sports governing bodies , have since amended the penalty for this rules infraction to just a single stroke . Andy North was eventually the only player to beat him , by one shot despite himself bogeying the last hole . Watson 's career came to a sudden halt when he was injured while playing in the 1985 Goodyear Classic in South Africa . While hitting his ball out of the rough with a 9-iron , he struck a tree stump that had been hidden from view causing damage to his wrist , elbow and neck . He went on to win the tournament , but his problems had just begun . He required surgery on his wrist and neck , and was initially told that he would never play again . He did , but was unable to consistently reach the high standard that he had previously attained and after several more operations he retired towards the end of the 1990s . After turning fifty , Watson joined the Champions Tour , and began to rediscover competitive form . He won the 2007 Senior PGA Championship at Kiawah Island , a senior major , by two strokes over Argentina 's Eduardo Romero , his first win in 23 years . In one of the most remarkable comebacks ever seen in professional golf , Watson has become one of the Champions Tour 's most competitive stars . He was voted the 2007 Champions Tour Rookie of the Year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d59c1a19451448ec882f3e1827d11ce8",
"text": "Len Mattiace Leonard Earl `` Len '' Mattiace ( born October 15 , 1967 ) is an American professional golfer on the PGA Tour . Mattiace was born in Mineola , New York . He attended Nease High School in Ponte Vedra , Florida . He graduated from Wake Forest University in 1990 with a degree in Sociology . While at Wake Forest , he played on the team that won the NCAA Division I Golf Championship in 1986 . He turned pro later in 1990 . Mattiace first gained notoriety when he surged into contention in the final round of the 1998 Players Championship . Trailing by one shot going into the par-3 17th hole , he hit his tee shot into the water , his third shot into a bunker , and his fourth shot into the water . He ended up with a quintuple-bogey 8 on the hole and finished in a tie for fifth , four strokes behind the eventual winner Justin Leonard . Mattiace 's career year was 2002 , when he earned wins at the Nissan Open and the FedEx St. Jude Classic . In 2003 , he contended for the The Masters Trophy by shooting a 65 in the final round which put him into a playoff with Mike Weir . On that first playoff hole , Mattiace found himself stymied by trees when his approach drifted offline . Weir needed only a bogey to secure the victory and Mattiace finished second , earning $ 648,000 in prize money . Shortly after the 2003 season , Mattiace 's career was threatened by a skiing accident and torn ACLs in both knees . Mattiace has been ranked in the top 50 of the Official World Golf Rankings , but has not been fully exempt on the PGA Tour since 2005 . Mattiace splits his time between the PGA Tour ( where he relies on past champion status for entries ) and Web.com Tour . He currently resides in Jacksonville , Florida . Mattiace is naturally left-handed but plays right-handed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea8f7f7446ec4a5b1a6b80a764784335",
"text": "2001 Players Championship The 2001 Players Championship was a golf tournament in Florida on the PGA Tour , held at TPC Sawgrass in Ponte Vedra Beach , southeast of Jacksonville . It was the 28th Players Championship . Tiger Woods won the first of his two Players Championships , one stroke ahead of runner-up Vijay Singh . Because of bad weather , the tournament was completed on Monday , March 26 . In the final pairing with 54-hole leader Jerry Kelly , Woods played the final nine holes on Monday . Woods had won the previous three majors in 2000 ; he won the Masters Tournament two weeks later to hold all four major titles at once , the Tiger Slam , as well as this Players , an unofficial `` fifth major . '' He won his second Players a dozen years later in 2013 . Through 2016 , Woods is the only winner of the Players and Masters in the same calendar year ( 2001 ) , and he was the third Players champion to win a major in the same calendar year , joining Jack Nicklaus ( 1978 ) and Hal Sutton ( 1983 ) ; it expanded to four with Martin Kaymer in 2014 . Defending champion Sutton finished seven strokes back , in a tie for fifth place .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3999fbe74d5e4ae3ed3b52582043e15",
"text": "1960 Open Championship The 1960 Open Championship was the 89th Open Championship , played 6 -- 9 July at the Old Course in St Andrews , Scotland . In the centenary year of the Open Championship , Kel Nagle prevailed over Arnold Palmer by a single stroke ; this year marked the championship 's re-emergence as a major stop for American players . The total prize money was increased by forty percent , from # 5,000 to # 7,000 . The winner 's share was increased to # 1,250 with # 900 for second , # 700 for third , # 500 for fourth , # 400 for fifth , # 300 for sixth , # 250 for seventh , # 200 for eighth , # 150 for ninth , and # 130 for tenth . The next fifteen places each received # 60 with # 50 for next seven and then # 40 for the next eighteen . The # 50 prize for winning the qualification event was unchanged while the four prizes for the lowest score in each round were was increased to # 50 . For the centenary event there was a special prize for the winner in the form of a replica of the claret jug . Qualifying took place on 4 -- 5 July , Monday and Tuesday , with 18 holes on the Old Course and 18 holes on the New Course . A maximum of 100 players could qualify . Gary Player led the qualifiers as medalist at 135 , and the qualifying score was 147 and 74 players qualified ; 28 players on 148 were not included . Dick Metz , who had won the World Senior Golf Championship at Gleneagles on 3 July , was one of those on 148 who just failed to qualify . Roberto De Vicenzo opened the tournament proper with consecutive rounds of 67 on Wednesday and Thursday to take a two-stroke lead over Nagle . In the third round , De Vicenzo 's drive on the 14th ended up on top of a wall and he finished the round with a score of 75 , allowing Nagle to take a two-shot lead . Palmer , who had won the U.S. Open three weeks earlier by erasing a seven-shot deficit in the final round , was four back after 54-holes . The final round on Friday afternoon was delayed until Saturday due to a heavy rainfall that flooded portions of the course ; the first postponement in over fifty years . When play resumed the next day , Palmer and Nagle both went out in 34 . Still four-strokes behind , Palmer began another charge on the back . He made up strokes on the 13th and 15th , made a 4 on the 17th , then made birdie at the last . Nagle was standing over a crucial par putt on the Road Hole 17th when he heard the roar signifying Palmer 's birdie at 18 . He managed to collect himself and hole the putt , then made a safe 4 at the last to win the title by a single shot over Palmer . Already 39 at the time of his victory , this was Nagle 's first top ten finish in a major championship . Although little-known outside of Australia at the time of the tournament , he went on to have success throughout the next decade and came close to winning another major at the 1965 U.S. Open , losing to Gary Player in an 18-hole playoff . Palmer had won the first two majors at the Masters and U.S. Open , and was attempting to equal Ben Hogan 's 1953 season with a third consecutive major . His appearance established the British Open as an important tournament for American golfers and , although Palmer himself skipped the tournament a few times afterward , the best American players began crossing the Atlantic with regularity from then on . Palmer won the next two Opens in 1961 and 1962 . The appearance of Palmer , already the most popular golfer in the world , proved to be a turning point for the Open Championship . Until the 1960s , few Americans made the trip to the Open Championship , with the lengthy ocean-voyage and high costs of traveling to Britain often more than they stood to win in the tournament . Even Palmer , winner of the first two majors of the year , had to play in the 36-hole qualifier immediately preceding it . The 1960 event included only four Americans following the qualifier , and only two made the cut . Ten years later , 24 Americans were in the field of 134 . For many years , the event often conflicted with the PGA Championship in the U.S. , a more lucrative major which gradually moved to late July and then August .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1343377157b963ffa3e36a51d9538190",
"text": "2000 PGA Championship The 2000 PGA Championship was the 82nd PGA Championship , held August 17 -- 20 at the Valhalla Golf Club in Louisville , Kentucky . It was the second time for the event at Valhalla , which hosted four years earlier in 1996 . Tiger Woods won his second straight PGA Championship and fifth major in a three-hole playoff over Bob May . Woods and May finished at 18 under par to set the PGA Championship record to par , later equaled by Woods in 2006 . It was the first time since 1937 that a PGA Championship title was successfully defended , and the first ever as a stroke play event . Woods and May were five shots ahead of third-place finisher Thomas Bjørn . Woods ' victory marked the first time since 1953 ( Ben Hogan ) that a player had won three major championships in the same calendar year ; Woods won the U.S. Open and the British Open in the previous two months for three consecutive majors . He won the Masters in April 2001 to complete the Tiger Slam of four consecutive majors . May opened with an even-par 72 then shot 66 ( − 6 ) in each of the final three rounds ; this was the only time he was in contention in a major championship . Designer of the course and five-time champion Jack Nicklaus , age 60 , made his final appearance at the PGA Championship . Playing with Woods , he needed an eagle on the 36th hole to make the cut ; his pitch shot missed by inches and he settled for birdie . Valhalla later hosted the Ryder Cup in 2008 , the first U.S. victory in nine years . The Senior PGA Championship was played at the course in 2004 and 2011 and the PGA Championship returned in 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f085e2b4b700c8acf58d4249fcbf647",
"text": "1969 Ryder Cup The 18th Ryder Cup Matches were held 18 -- 20 September 1969 at the Royal Birkdale Golf Club in Southport , England . The competition ended in a draw at 16 points each , when America 's Jack Nicklaus conceded a missable three-foot ( 0.9 m ) putt to Britain 's Tony Jacklin at the 18th hole , in one of the most famous gestures of sportsmanship in all of sport . It was the first draw in Ryder Cup history , and the United States team retained the Cup . The matches were marred by considerable acrimony and unsportsmanlike behavior by players on both sides . Britain 's captain Eric Brown had instructed his players not to search for the opposition 's ball if it ended up in the rough . American Ken Still , in the first-day foursomes , had deliberately and regularly stood too close to Briton Maurice Bembridge as he was putting . During one of the fourballs on the second day , both captains had to come out and calm down the warring players . This led to Nicklaus conceding Jacklin 's final putt with the knowledge that the overall competition would end in a draw . On the previous hole , Jacklin sank a long eagle putt while Nicklaus missed his from 15 ft and the match was squared . Jacklin had won the Open Championship two months earlier at nearby Royal Lytham & St Annes to become the first British champion in eighteen years . After holing his final putt for par , Nicklaus picked up Jacklin 's ball marker and told him , `` I do n't think you would have missed it , but I was n't going to give you the chance , either . '' Playing in his first Ryder Cup at age 29 , Nicklaus ' gesture became known as `` the concession '' and marked the beginning of a lasting friendship between the two that has spanned nearly a half century . It was the inspiration for The Concession Golf Club in Florida near Sarasota , which was co-designed by Nicklaus and Jacklin . The two were opposing captains in the competition in 1983 and 1987 . The U.S. team had only two players with previous Ryder Cup experience , Billy Casper and Gene Littler . On the previous four teams , Arnold Palmer did not participate in 1969 , but returned in 1971 and 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ca43bc4366e790768e296584b0ce06d",
"text": "BMW PGA Championship The BMW PGA Championship , as it is currently known for sponsorship reasons , is an annual men 's professional golf tournament on the European Tour . It was founded in 1955 by the Professional Golfers ' Association , and as such was originally called the British PGA Championship . Since then it has had several sponsored names , but the phrase `` PGA Championship '' has usually been included in the name . The BMW PGA Championship is played each May over the West Course at the Wentworth Club in Surrey , England . The PGA European Tour has its headquarters at the club and as the tour 's home tournament , the BMW PGA Championship is often regarded as the flagship event on the European Tour . It has usually had the highest prize money of any event which the tour organises , but this changed in 2009 with the introduction of the Race to Dubai , and the $ 10 million Dubai World Championship at the end of the season . There are other more lucrative events than the BMW PGA Championship which are part of the European Tour schedule , such as the majors and the World Golf Championship events , but these are organised by other bodies . It is also the European Tour 's designated `` Premier event '' for the purposes of the Official World Golf Rankings , with a minimum of 64 ranking points available to the winner . The winner of the tournament is given an exemption into that season 's U.S. Open and the next three Open Championships . In 2000 , Colin Montgomerie became the only player to win three years in a row .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0ea2bb591422f83fcb95a946dd549bba | England is on the island of Great Britain which also includes Scotland and Wales. | [
{
"docid": "bab90d212879b2d098d2387babc67f1e",
"text": "Great Britain Great Britain , also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe . With an area of 209,331 km2 , Great Britain is the largest of the British Isles , the largest European island , and the ninth-largest island in the world . In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people , making it the world 's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan . The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it , and together these islands , along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands , comprise the British Isles archipelago . The island is dominated by a maritime climate with quite narrow temperature differences between seasons . Politically , the island is part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , and constitutes most of its territory . Most of England , Scotland , and Wales are on the island . The term `` Great Britain '' often extends to include surrounding islands that form part of England , Scotland , and Wales , and is also sometimes loosely applied to the UK as a whole . A single Kingdom of Great Britain resulted from the union of the Kingdom of England ( which had already comprised the present-day countries of England and Wales ) and the Kingdom of Scotland by the 1707 Acts of Union . More than a hundred years before , in 1603 , King James VI , King of Scots , had inherited the throne of England , but it was not until 1707 that the two countries ' parliaments agreed to form a political union . In 1801 , Great Britain united with the neighbouring Kingdom of Ireland , forming the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , which was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' after the Irish Free State seceded in 1922 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0109b5c59a7441459e8ebe62725b1004",
"text": "England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom . It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west . The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest . England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south . The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain ( which lies in the North Atlantic ) in its centre and south ; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly , and the Isle of Wight . The area now called England was first inhabited by modern humans during the Upper Palaeolithic period , but takes its name from the Angles , one of the Germanic tribes who settled during the 5th and 6th centuries . England became a unified state in the 10th century , and since the Age of Discovery , which began during the 15th century , has had a significant cultural and legal impact on the wider world . The English language , the Anglican Church , and English law -- the basis for the common law legal systems of many other countries around the world -- developed in England , and the country 's parliamentary system of government has been widely adopted by other nations . The Industrial Revolution began in 18th-century England , transforming its society into the world 's first industrialised nation . England 's terrain mostly comprises low hills and plains , especially in central and southern England . However , there are uplands in the north ( for example , the mountainous Lake District , and the Pennines ) and in the southwest ( for example , Dartmoor and the Cotswolds ) . The capital is London , which is the largest metropolitan area in both the United Kingdom and the European Union.According to the European Statistical Agency , London is the largest Larger Urban Zone in the EU , a measure of metropolitan area which comprises a city 's urban core as well as its surrounding commuting zone . London 's municipal population is also the largest in the EU . England 's population of over 53 million comprises 84 % of the population of the United Kingdom , largely concentrated around London , the South East , and conurbations in the Midlands , the North West , the North East , and Yorkshire , which each developed as major industrial regions during the 19th century . The Kingdom of England -- which after 1535 included Wales -- ceased being a separate sovereign state on 1 May 1707 , when the Acts of Union put into effect the terms agreed in the Treaty of Union the previous year , resulting in a political union with the Kingdom of Scotland to create the Kingdom of Great Britain . In 1801 , Great Britain was united with the Kingdom of Ireland through another Act of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 the Irish Free State seceded from the United Kingdom , leading to the latter being renamed the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "010bf990a7fdfcd70ee29e8d654e3d2e",
"text": "List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, 1980–99 This is a complete list of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for the years 1980 -- 1999 . Note that the first parliament of the United Kingdom was held in 1801 ; parliaments between 1707 and 1800 were either parliaments of Great Britain or of Ireland ) . For Acts passed up until 1707 see List of Acts of the Parliament of England and List of Acts of the Parliament of Scotland . For Acts passed from 1707 to 1800 see List of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain . See also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland . For Acts of the devolved parliaments and assemblies in the United Kingdom , see the List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999 , the List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly , and the List of Acts and Measures of the National Assembly for Wales ; see also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland . The number shown after each Act 's title is its chapter number . Acts passed before 1963 are cited using this number , preceded by the year ( s ) of the reign during which the relevant parliamentary session was held ; thus the Union with Ireland Act 1800 is cited as `` 39 & 40 Geo . 3 c. 67 '' , meaning the 67th Act passed during the session that started in the 39th year of the reign of George III and which finished in the 40th year of that reign . Note that the modern convention is to use Arabic numerals in citations ( thus `` 41 Geo . 3 '' rather than `` 41 Geo . III '' ) . Note also that Acts of the last session of the Parliament of Great Britain and the first session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are both cited as `` 41 Geo . 3 '' . Acts passed from 1963 onwards are simply cited by calendar year and chapter number . __ NOTOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b6df5f6496cab8bfbd1e1e1c05efcc9",
"text": "British Overseas Territories The 14 British Overseas Territories ( BOT ) are territories under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of the United Kingdom . They are the parts of the British Empire that have not been granted independence or have voted to remain British territories . These territories do not form part of the United Kingdom and , with the exception of Gibraltar , are not part of the European Union . Most of the inhabited territories are internally self-governing , with the UK retaining responsibility for defence and foreign relations . The rest are either uninhabited or have a transitory population of military or scientific personnel . They share the British monarch ( Elizabeth II ) as head of state . The term `` British Overseas Territory '' was introduced by the British Overseas Territories Act 2002 , replacing the term British Dependent Territory , introduced by the British Nationality Act 1981 . Prior to 1 January 1983 , the territories were officially referred to as British Crown Colonies . With the exceptions of the British Antarctic Territory and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands ( which host only officials and research station staff ) and the British Indian Ocean Territory ( used as a military base ) , the Territories retain permanent civilian populations . Permanent residency for the 7,000 or so civilians living in the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia is limited to citizens of the Republic of Cyprus . Collectively , the Territories encompass a population of about 250,000 people and a land area of about 667018 sqmi . The vast majority of this land area , 660000 sqmi , constitutes the almost uninhabited British Antarctic Territory , while the largest territory by population , Bermuda , accounts for almost a quarter of the total BOT population . At the other end of the scale , three territories have no civilian population ; the Antarctic territory , the British Indian Ocean Territory ( from which the Chagos Islanders were controversially removed ) and South Georgia . Pitcairn Islands , settled by the survivors of the Mutiny on the Bounty , is the smallest settled territory with 49 inhabitants , while the smallest by land area is Gibraltar on the southern tip of the Iberian peninsula . The United Kingdom participates in the Antarctic Treaty System and , as part of a mutual agreement , the British Antarctic Territory is recognised by four of the other sovereign nations making claims to Antarctic territory . Although the Crown dependencies of Jersey , Guernsey and the Isle of Man are also under the sovereignty of the British monarch , they are in a different constitutional relationship with the United Kingdom . The British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies are themselves distinct from the Commonwealth realms , a group of 15 independent countries ( and the United Kingdom ) which each also have Elizabeth II as their reigning monarch , and from the Commonwealth of Nations , a voluntary association of 52 countries mostly with historic links to the British Empire ( which also includes all Commonwealth realms ) . the Minister responsible for the Territories excluding the Falkland Islands , Gibraltar and the Sovereign Base Areas is Baroness Anelay , Minister of State for the Commonwealth and the UN . The other three territories are the responsibility of Sir Alan Duncan MP , Minister of State for Europe and the Americas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f3e4c7a45a6a215e89ec344920239afc",
"text": "Extreme points of the British Isles This is a list of the extreme points of the British Isles , the points that are farther north , south , east , west , higher or lower than any other location Northernmost Point -- Out Stack , Shetland Islands , Scotland Northernmost Settlement -- Skaw , Unst , Shetland Islands , Scotland Southernmost Point -- Les Minquiers Reef , Jersey , Channel Islands Southernmost Settlement -- Saint Clement , Jersey , Channel Islands Westernmost Point -- Rockall , Harris , Scotland Westernmost Settlement -- Dunquin , County Kerry , Ireland Easternmost Point -- Lowestoft Ness , Suffolk , England Easternmost Settlement -- Lowestoft , Suffolk , England Most Inland Point -- Church Flatts Farm , Derbyshire , England Most Inland Settlement -- Coton in the Elms , Derbyshire , England Highest Point -- Ben Nevis , Highland , Scotland at 1,344 m above sea level . Highest Settlement -- Flash , Staffordshire , England at 463 m above sea level . Lowest Point -- North Slob , County Wexford , Ireland at 3 m below sea level .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6718fc743993adf56fad4035c184c4f5",
"text": "Centre points of the United Kingdom There has long been debate over the exact location of the geographical centre of the United Kingdom , and its constituent countries , due to the complexity and method of the calculation , such as whether to include offshore islands , and the fact that erosion will cause the position to change over time . There are two main methods of calculating this `` centre '' : either as the centroid of the two-dimensional shape made by the country ( projected to the Airy ellipsoid then flattened using the Transverse Mercator projection ) , or as the point farthest from the boundary of the country ( either the sea , or , in the case of constituent countries , a land border ) . These two methods give quite different answers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bdb5ef954758e3fde180ef7aa81fb74",
"text": "Literature of England The literature of England is literature written in what is now England , or by English writers . It consists mainly of English literature - i.e. literature written in the English language - but there are important examples of literature from England written in other languages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bae147e6924fd3ca9a56293b4e69c20b",
"text": "Geology of South Wales South Wales is an area with many features of outstanding interest to geologists , who have for long used the area for University field trips . This varied and accessible region has provided a written record of geological interest that dates to the 12th century , when Giraldus Cambrensis noted pyritous shales near Newport . Some of the first published representations of fossils were of fossil plants from coal measures near Neath ( Gibson late 17th century ) . The British geologists Adam Sedgwick and Roderick Murchison did fundamentally important work in South Wales on Old Red Sandstone and the underlying rocks . The first volume of memoirs ( 1846 ) published by the Geological Survey contained a conspectus of the geology of South Wales that set a template for all future work . Significant discoveries continue to be made . For instance , in Carmarthenshire , in the late 70s , John Cope detected a small area of Precambrian and Cambrian rocks . Other parts of South Wales , however , have not seen a Geological Survey officer since the mid-19th century . The geology of south Wales was central to the massive contribution Wales made to the Industrial Revolution . Several successive periods are represented , including all of the Palaeozoic periods . Pembrokeshire has outcrops of both Precambrian and Cambrian ( 542-488 million years ago ) rocks . A notable feature of the Ordovician system ( 488-444 million years old ) is a major subsidence area , or basin , which later filled with substantial thicknesses of mostly sandy and muddy sediment . The line of the shallower continental shelf area , to the south-east , ran approximately from the Long Mynd ( in Shropshire ) to Haverfordwest in Pembrokeshire . Some volcanic action also occurred . This thick sedimentary deposition continued into the Silurian period ( 444-416 million years old ) . Silurian volcanicity led to production of lavas at localised sites such as Skomer Island . Silurian rocks are widely distributed in south Wales and are well displayed on the Cardiganshire coast . The Silurian and earlier rocks were folded , faulted , and distorted several times , notably during the late Ordovician , and late Silurian , by which time the area had begun to rise above sea level as mountain ranges were uplifted to the north-west . This was caused by the collision of a proto-North America ( `` Laurentia '' ) and the present southern Britain ( `` Eastern Avalonia '' ) . The intervening sea , the Iapetus Ocean , closed as a result of plate tectonic movements , similar to those that now close the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Africa . The succeeding Devonian period ( 416-359 million years ago ) saw mostly alluvial deposits ( `` Old Red Sandstone '' ) , which were interrupted by major uplift . Following this , the land subsided again in the Carboniferous period ( 359-299 million years ago ) . In the early Carboniferous period , limestones were deposited on a continental shelf , which deepened towards the south where there was a major sea area . During earth movements caused by the approach of a continent from the south , sea shallowing led to thick alluvial and coastal plain sediments ( see below ) containing economic developments of coal . Carboniferous Limestone outcrops occur in south Pembrokeshire , the Gower Peninsula , the Vale of Glamorgan and around the edge of the coalfield . At the end of the Carboniferous , during Permian ( 299-251 my ago ) time , Wales is thought to have been a landmass . Only in late Triassic ( 251-200 my ago ) times did deposition return , with coarse-grained screes forming around a series of low but rugged hills . Continuing deposition led to the formation of the early Jurassic deposits of mudstones and muddy limestones ( the `` Lias '' ) . Deposits later than this are almost completely absent , although the Chalk sea probably covered most of Wales between 100 and 66 million years ago . Any such later deposits have been eroded away . One of the geological rarities of south Wales is the coastline of St Brides Major at Ogmore-by-Sea and Southerndown . Its cliffs are composed partly of earliest Jurassic Sutton stone , a rare freestone that is a marginal or coastal deposit derived in part from erosion of carboniferous limestone . Sutton stone has always been highly regarded : as well as being used in construction throughout the Vale of Glamorgan , it was also shipped over the Bristol Channel to North Devon and North Cornwall , which are both deficient in limestone . A major geological feature of the Upper Carboniferous rocks in south Wales is the south Wales coalfield . The rocks comprising this important area were laid down during the later Carboniferous . This sedimentary succession includes a sequence with a thickness of more than 1800 m in the west . The coal measures were laid down on a low-lying waterlogged plain with peat mires immediately south of an ancient and persistent geological feature known as the Wales-London-Brabant High . Burial converted the peat deposits to thinner coal seams . Later earth movements distorted the coal-bearing strata , and the difficulty of mining led to premature closure of many mines on economic grounds , especially in Pembrokeshire where seams were squeezed completely out of shape .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc1eb089b05bce19da005e153af85c33",
"text": "List of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain, 1720–39 This is an incomplete list of Acts of the Parliament of Great Britain for the years 1720 -- 1739 . For Acts passed up until 1707 see List of Acts of the Parliament of England and List of Acts of the Parliament of Scotland . See also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland to 1700 and the List of Acts of the Parliament of Ireland , 1701 -- 1800 . For Acts passed from 1801 onwards see List of Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom . For Acts of the devolved parliaments and assemblies in the United Kingdom , see the List of Acts of the Scottish Parliament from 1999 , the List of Acts of the Northern Ireland Assembly , and the List of Acts and Measures of the National Assembly for Wales ; see also the List of Acts of the Parliament of Northern Ireland . The number shown after each Act 's title is its chapter number . Acts are cited using this number , preceded by the year ( s ) of the reign during which the relevant parliamentary session was held ; thus the Union with Ireland Act 1800 is cited as `` 39 & 40 Geo . 3 c. 67 '' , meaning the 67th Act passed during the session that started in the 39th year of the reign of George III and which finished in the 40th year of that reign . Note that the modern convention is to use Arabic numerals in citations ( thus `` 41 Geo . 3 '' rather than `` 41 Geo . III '' ) . Note also that Acts of the last session of the Parliament of Great Britain and the first session of the Parliament of the United Kingdom are both cited as `` 41 Geo . 3 '' . Acts passed by the Parliament of Great Britain did not have a short title ; however , some of these Acts have subsequently been given a short title by Acts of the Parliament of the United Kingdom ( such as the Short Titles Act 1896 ) . Before the Acts of Parliament ( Commencement ) Act 1793 came into force on 8 April 1793 , Acts passed by the Parliament of Great Britain were deemed to have come into effect on the first day of the session in which they were passed . Because of this , the years given in the list below may in fact be the year before a particular Act was passed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3312ad63bf726c5a5a9db3d13bce23a0",
"text": "Geology of New England New England is a region in the North Eastern United States consisting of the states Rhode Island , Connecticut , Massachusetts , New Hampshire , Vermont , and Maine . Most of New England consists geologically of volcanic island arcs that accreted onto the eastern edge of the Laurentian Craton in prehistoric times . Much of the bedrock found in New England is heavily metamorphosed due to the numerous mountain building events that occurred in the region . The most recent rock layers are glacial conglomerates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08dc37b80fe1534b203ffbf3426d2d1d",
"text": "List of rock formations in the United Kingdom This is a selected list of notable , natural landscape features in England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland . It includes isolated , scenic , or spectacular surface rock outcrops . These formations are usually the result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing rock . For the stratigraphic term ` formation ' applied by geologists to rock sequences , see Formation ( stratigraphy ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "42edafb91d0d6bf41db9f8d91a17212c",
"text": "Kingdom of Great Britain The United Kingdom of Great Britain , officially Great Britain , was a sovereign state in western Europe from 1 May 1707 to 31 December 1800 . The state came into being following the Treaty of Union in 1706 , ratified by the Acts of Union 1707 , which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland to form a single kingdom encompassing the whole island of Great Britain and its outlying islands . It did not include Ireland , which remained a separate realm . The unitary state was governed by a single parliament and government that was based in Westminster . The former kingdoms had been in personal union since James VI , King of Scots , became King of England and King of Ireland in 1603 following the death of Queen Elizabeth I , bringing about a `` Union of the Crowns '' . Also after the accession of George I to the throne of Great Britain in 1714 , the kingdom was in a personal union with the Electorate of Hanover . The early years of the unified kingdom were marked by Jacobite risings which ended in defeat for the Stuart cause at Culloden in 1746 . Later on in 1763 , victory in the Seven Years ' War led to the dominance of the British Empire , which was to become the foremost global power for over a century and later grew to become the largest empire in history . On 1 January 1801 , the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland were merged to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland . In 1922 , five-sixths of Ireland seceded from the United Kingdom and the state was renamed the `` United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland '' -- a title it has retained to date .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8ed77dcf3a8a56fd7babbdc4a2a5a1a",
"text": "Continental Europe Continental Europe , also referred to as mainland Europe , or , by Europeans , simply the Continent , is the continuous continent of Europe , excluding surrounding islands . The most common definition of continental Europe excludes continental islands , encompassing the Greek Islands , Cyprus , Malta , Sicily , Sardinia , Corsica , the Balearic Islands , Ireland , Great Britain , the Isle of Man , the Channel Islands , Novaya Zemlya and the Danish archipelago , as well as nearby oceanic islands , including the Canary Islands , Madeira , the Azores , Iceland , the Faroe Islands , and Svalbard . The Scandinavian peninsula is sometimes also excluded , as even though it is technically part of `` mainland Europe '' , the de facto connections to the rest of the continent are across the Baltic Sea or North Sea ( rather than via the lengthy land route that involves travelling to the north of the peninsula where it meets Finland , and then south through north-east Europe ) . The notion of Europe as a geopolitical or cultural term is centred on core Europe ( Kerneuropa ) , the continental territory of the historical Carolingian Empire and the core of Latin Christendom , corresponding to modern France , Italy , Germany ( or German-speaking Europe ) and the Benelux states ( historical Austrasia ) . This historical core of `` Carolingian Europe '' was consciously invoked in the 1950s as the historical ethno-cultural basis for the prospective European integration ( see also Multi-speed Europe ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "844ea9eaebc0fbf88e26feea66babbb0",
"text": "Upland Britain Upland Britain may refer to a semi-natural habitat of the British Isles , generally at over 250 to altitude : Black Mountains , in southern Wales Cambrian Mountains , in mid Wales Dartmoor , in southwestern England Exmoor , in southwestern England Pennines , in northern England Scottish Highlands Southern Uplands , in southern Scotland",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c130d14bb1e116a597d1fac509676de",
"text": "Northumberland Northumberland ( -LSB- nɔːrˈθʌmbərlənd -RSB- -LSB- localnɔːˈθʊmbələnd -RSB- ) ( abbreviated Northd ) is a county in North East England . The northernmost county of England , it borders Cumbria to the west , County Durham and Tyne and Wear to the south and Scotland to the north . To the east is the North Sea coastline with a 103 km long distance path . The county town is Alnwick although the county council is in Morpeth ( for the moment , as there are plans to move it to nearby Ashington ) . The northernmost point of Northumberland and England is at Marshall Meadows Bay . The county of Northumberland included Newcastle upon Tyne until 1400 , when the city became a county of itself . Northumberland expanded greatly in the Tudor period , annexing Berwick-upon-Tweed in 1482 , Tynedale in 1495 , Tynemouth in 1536 , Redesdale around 1542 and Hexhamshire in 1572 . Islandshire , Bedlingtonshire and Norhamshire were incorporated into Northumberland in 1844 . Tynemouth and other settlements in North Tyneside were transferred to Tyne and Wear in 1974 under the Local Government Act 1972 . Lying on the Anglo-Scottish border , Northumberland has been the site of a number of battles . The county is noted for its undeveloped landscape of high moorland , now largely protected as the Northumberland National Park . Northumberland is the most sparsely populated county in England , with only 62 people per square kilometre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d63fe83bf24fbe0e66d909c46b83909c",
"text": "Northern North Sea basin The North Sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean in northern Europe . It is located between Norway and Denmark in the east , Scotland and England in the west , Germany , the Netherlands , Belgium and France in the south . The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels , trenches , and ridges today and the geological history , plate tectonics , geological events that created them . A geological basin is a large low-lying area or depression . It is often below sea level . Depressions are typically formed by tectonic processes acting on the lithosphere , providing `` accommodation space '' for sediment to be preserved . Basins are formed in a variety of tectonic settings : extensional , compressional , strike-slip and intraplate . Geological basins are one of the most common places which collect sediment . The type of rocks which form there tell about the palaeoclimate of the continent . The geology is of interest to oil prospectors , hydrologists and palaeontologists . Exploration in the North Sea was initiated in May 1964 when the first well was spudded and the area has now become one of the most prolific hydrocarbon provinces in the world . Total recoverable reserves found to date , including adjacent land areas , amount to over 100 billion barrels of oil and natural gas . Geologically speaking , the North Sea is divided into four main basins : Northern , Moray Firth , Central , and Southern . Each has a long and complex geologic history with unique structural and stratigraphic developments driven by tectonic events over the last 400 Million years . The northern North Sea Paleorift system , including the Viking and Sogn graben , is an approximately 150-200 km wide zone of extended upper crust with preserved strata from pre-Triassic to Tertiary . It is bounded by the Shetland Platform to the west and the Norwegian mainland to the east .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a5f5bb5a289506354b26e14cef325c22",
"text": "Unionism in England In England , Unionism is a political ideology which favours the continuation of some form of political union between England and the other countries of the United Kingdom ( Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland ) . It is part of the wider British unionist movement and is closely linked to the notion of Britishness . Unionism in England is characterised by both opposition to England 's independence as a separate state and the belief that Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland should continue to be constituent countries of the Union .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70e38c247af90cc27f22849d86c77828",
"text": "Geography of London London is the largest urban area and capital city of the United Kingdom , located in southeastern Great Britain . The London region covers an area of 1579 km2 , and had a population of 7,172,036 in 2001 and a population density of 4,542 people per square kilometre . A larger area , referred to as the London Metropolitan Region or the London Metropolitan Agglomeration covers an area of 8382 km2 , and had a population of 12,653,500 and a population density of 1,510 people per square kilometre . London is a port on the Thames ( see main article Port of London ) , a navigable river . The river has had a major influence on the development of the city . London began on the Thames ' north bank and for a long time the main focus of the city remained on the north side of the Thames . For many centuries London Bridge was the only bridge in or close to the city . When more bridges were built in the 18th century , the city expanded in all directions as the mostly flat or gently rolling countryside presented no obstacle to growth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "20334d2b6bb73cc3e3df8f0966d4c5b6",
"text": "Economy of Devon Devon has the 19th largest economy in England out of 46 ceremonial counties . Situated in the region of South West England , it is a maritime county . Like neighbouring Cornwall to the west , Devon is disadvantaged economically compared to other parts of southern England , owing to the decline of a number of core industries , notably fishing , mining and farming . Consequently , most of Devon has qualified for the European Community 's Objective 2 status , particularly around Exmoor , Bideford Bay and the Hartland Point peninsula which is somewhat cut off from industrial Britain due to poor road and rail transport links . These areas of North Devon are , however , only around 50 mi by boat from Swansea in Wales . A proposal which has the backing of both the Welsh Assembly Government and the South West Regional Assembly , as well as Devon County Council , is a year-round ferry service from either Ilfracombe or Bideford to Swansea , which it is hoped would stimulate economic growth in both South West Wales and the North coast of Devon and Cornwall . The 2001 UK foot and mouth crisis harmed the farming community severely . The attractive lifestyle of the area is drawing in new industries which are not heavily dependent upon geographical location ; Dartmoor , for instance , has recently seen a significant rise in the percentage of its inhabitants involved in the financial services sector . In 2003 , the Met Office , the UK 's national and international weather service , moved to Exeter . Devon is one of the rural counties , with the advantages and challenges characteristic of these . Despite this , the county 's economy is also heavily influenced by its two main urban centres , Plymouth and Exeter . Nearly half of the holdings of the Duchy of Cornwall are in Devon , including a large area of farmland . Since the rise of seaside resorts with the arrival of the railways in the 19th century , Devon 's economy has been heavily reliant on tourism . The county 's economy has followed the declining trend of British seaside resorts since the mid 20th century , with some recent revival . This revival has been aided by the designation of much of Devon 's countryside and coastline as the Dartmoor and Exmoor national parks , and the Jurassic Coast and Cornwall and West Devon Mining Landscape World Heritage Sites . In 2004 the county 's tourist revenue was # 1.2 billion . The Met Office is in Exeter as is Connaught plc , and Pennon Group , the water company . The Wrigley Company ( chewing gum ) and HMNB Devonport ( the largest naval base in western Europe ) are in Plymouth . Torquay was home to Beverage Brands , the producers of WKD Original Vodka . Britannia Royal Naval College is at Dartmouth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd63617a128bf5d879fc5651b037f9bf",
"text": "Counties of England Counties of England are areas used for the purposes of administrative , geographical , cultural or political demarcation . For administrative purposes , England outside Greater London and the Isles of Scilly is divided into 83 metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties . These counties may consist of a single district or be divided into several districts . As of April 2009 , 27 of these counties are divided into districts and have a county council . Six of the counties , covering the major conurbations , are known as metropolitan counties , which do not have county councils , although some functions are organised on a county-wide basis by their districts ( metropolitan boroughs ) acting jointly . All of England ( including Greater London and the Isles of Scilly ) is also divided into 48 ceremonial counties , which are also known as geographic counties . Most ceremonial counties correspond to a metropolitan or non-metropolitan county of the same name but often with reduced boundaries . The current arrangement is the result of incremental reform . Many of the counties have their origins in the Middle Ages , although the larger counties of Yorkshire and Sussex lost many or all of their administrative functions centuries ago . The geographic counties which existed before the local government reforms of 1965 and 1974 are referred to as ancient counties or historic counties . From 1889 to 1974 areas with county councils were known as administrative counties , which excluded larger towns and cities known as county boroughs and included divisions of some geographic counties . From 1974 to 1996 the metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties , some of which were established only in 1974 , corresponded directly with the ceremonial counties . Counties , usually either historic counties or current ceremonial counties , are used as the geographical basis for a number of institutions such as police and fire services , sports clubs and other non-government organisations . For the purpose of sorting and delivering mail , England was divided into 48 postal counties until 1996 ; these have been abandoned by Royal Mail in favour of postcodes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11ad1b816d507c904dc68c8aafe23c85",
"text": "English English may refer to : Something of , from , or related to the country of England English people , an ethnic group of people native to England English national identity , an identity and common culture English language English studies , the study of English language and literature English language in England , a variant of the English language List of dialects of the English language",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5a08a2406096e4964c7115d542377a97 | David Schwimmer and John Krasinski have worked together. | [
{
"docid": "3f7d94f370236ef60d72dcd6db36c434",
"text": "Duane Hopwood Duane Hopwood is a 2005 film featured in the Sundance Film Festival starring David Schwimmer and Janeane Garofalo , with a supporting cast featuring Judah Friedlander , Dick Cavett , Susan Lynch , John Krasinski , Rachel Covey , and Mia Dillon . The movie was written and directed by Matt Mulhern and released by IFC Films in November 2005 . The film 's plot centers on the title character ( Schwimmer ) , an alcoholic whose life is spiraling downward rapidly after his divorce from Linda ( Garofalo ) . The movie , writer/director Matt Mulhern 's second film , was well received by critics , named by Roger Ebert as `` one of the best movies of 2005 . '' He also said that David Schwimmer gave a `` career-transforming performance . '' IFC did not release the film in New York City or Los Angeles , focusing instead on Philadelphia , Tucson and Kansas City . HBO released the DVD in April 2006 and Showtime and The Movie Channel began the cable run in December 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30bc1f2472c513813979754bf9f4e4b1",
"text": "David Schwimmer David Lawrence Schwimmer ( born November 2 , 1966 ) is an American actor , director , and producer . He was born in Flushing , Queens , New York , and his family moved to Los Angeles when he was 2 . He began his acting career performing in school plays at Beverly Hills High School . In 1988 , he graduated from Northwestern University with a Bachelor of Arts in theater and speech . After graduation , Schwimmer co-founded the Lookingglass Theatre Company . For much of the late 1980s , he lived in Los Angeles as a struggling , unemployed actor . He starred in the television movie A Deadly Silence in 1989 and appeared in a number of television roles , including on L.A. Law , The Wonder Years , NYPD Blue , and Monty , in the early 1990s . Schwimmer later gained worldwide recognition for playing Ross Geller in the sitcom Friends , for which he received a Primetime Emmy Award nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series in 1995 . His first leading film role was in The Pallbearer ( 1996 ) , followed by roles in Kissing a Fool ( 1998 ) , Six Days , Seven Nights ( 1998 ) , Apt Pupil , and Picking Up the Pieces ( 2000 ) . He was then cast in the miniseries Band of Brothers ( 2001 ) as Herbert Sobel . After the series finale of Friends in 2004 , Schwimmer was cast as the title character in the 2005 drama Duane Hopwood . Other film roles include the voice of Melman the Giraffe in the computer-animated Madagascar film franchise , the dark comedy Big Nothing ( 2006 ) , and the thriller Nothing But the Truth ( 2008 ) . Schwimmer made his West End stage debut in the leading role in Some Girl ( s ) in 2005 . In 2006 , he made his Broadway debut in The Caine Mutiny Court-Martial . Schwimmer made his feature film directorial debut with the 2007 comedy Run Fatboy Run . The following year he made his Off-Broadway directorial debut in the 2008 production , Fault Lines . In 2016 , he starred as lawyer Robert Kardashian in American Crime Story , for which he received his second Emmy nomination for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Limited Series or Movie .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5bc1784cfe103381fbbcf8bbb694e699",
"text": "Joseph D. Reitman Joseph David Reitman ( born May 25 , 1968 ) is an American actor , film producer , film director , and writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a41b2b3b540cefc2748e997ab1727580",
"text": "David S. Weiss David S. Weiss is an American comedy writer . He has written for Dennis Miller Live , CNBC 's `` Dennis Miller '' , The Late Late Show with Craig Kilborn , and Penn & Teller : Bullshit ! . In 2005 , he ran unsuccessfully for the Writers Guild of America board of directors . From March 2007 , he was Dennis Miller 's talk radio sidekick on The Dennis Miller Show , where he was referred to as `` Salman , '' or `` Sal '' . Miller assigned Weiss the moniker early in their time working together , due to his purported resemblance to Sir Salman Rushdie . He was also referred to as `` Count Dracu-sal '' and an eerie organ music cue ( Johann Sebastian Bach 's Toccata and Fugue in D Minor ) was played whenever he made funny and/or cryptic remarks that reflected his penchant for black comedy . Miller also frequently referred to `` Sal '' as his `` go-to Jew '' , when he needed some inside information on Jewish culture and customs . Weiss is a banjo player . On February 17 , 2009 , after not missing a radio show for the first two years , Dennis Miller nicknamed the dark-humored comic the `` Cal Ripken of Hate '' . During the February 22nd , 2010 show , it was announced on air Weiss would be leaving the show February 26 to pursue other opportunities . He is married to television writer and story editor Joan Binder Weiss .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35d1fa10f0db494a3c53824a41a6098a",
"text": "John Safran's Music Jamboree John Safran 's Music Jamboree ( or just Music Jamboree ) was a light-hearted Australian music documentary television series , hosted by John Safran for SBS television . The program was produced by Richard Lowenstein , Selin Yaman and Ghost Pictures and directed by Craig Melville , Richard Lowenstein and a number of other directors under the production company Ghost of Your Ex-Boyfriend Productions in association with SBS Independent . It screened in 2002 , and consisted of sketches and outlandish public stunts , typical of Safran 's work . The series won two Australian Film Institute Awards ; `` Best Comedy Series '' and `` Most Innovative Program Concept '' . SBS followed the series up with the similarly styled John Safran vs. God in 2004 . An infamous stunt of the series was sneaking nine friends into an exclusive Melbourne nightclub by dressing them up as the masked American metal band , Slipknot . The producers arranged entry for the impostors by pretending to be an American management company over the phone . Other stunts included disguising himself as well known entertainers such as Ozzy Osbourne and Prince to harass the public , sketch versions of music videos such as Eminem , the creation of Jew Town , a Jewish boy band to compete with Christian pop , and returning to Yeshivah College to pay homage to Kevin Bacon in Footloose . He also details his time in the hip-hop group Raspberry Cordial , and the related incident in which he met the Beastie Boys and the band 's former DJ attempted to steal his girlfriend at the time . A regular segment on the series was `` The Music Mole '' . In this segment a person dressed in a large mole costume ( much like a mascot ) was interviewed by Safran . The person was reported to be an insider ( i.e. a mole ) in the music industry who would reveal little known , often controversial facts about both the Australian and international music industries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a8a8c571b1e5fe50207d408b3af4d33",
"text": "Prophets of Science Fiction Prophets of Science Fiction is an American documentary television series produced and hosted by Ridley Scott for the Science Channel . The program premiered on . The series covers the life and work of leading science fiction authors of the last couple of centuries . It depicts how they predicted and , accordingly , influenced the development of scientific advancements by inspiring many readers to assist in transforming those futuristic visions into everyday reality . The stories are told through film clips , reenactments , illustrations and interviews . The first episode received mixed reviews . Commentators appreciated the approach of combining coverage of contemporary scientific research and biographical exposition , but criticized the series as `` light on the substance and heavy on the exaggeration '' . The series ' attempts to link Mary Shelley 's Frankenstein to developments such as organ transplants , supercomputers and DNA research were described by one critic as far-fetched but by another as successful .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ff6dfa87151afa8a817806ff1a698de",
"text": "David E. Tolchinsky David E. Tolchinsky ( born David Jan Edelson ) is a screenwriter , playwright , sound designer , and academic . He is Chair of Northwestern University 's Department of Radio-TV-Film and Founder/Director of Northwestern University School of Communication 's MFA in Writing for the Screen + Stage . As a screenwriter , his feature film Girl is distributed by iTunes and has been seen internationally . He has been commissioned by such studios as Touchstone/Disney , MGM , Ivan Reitman 's Montecito Pictures , USA Networks , Edward R. Pressman Film Corp , and Addis-Wechsler & Assoc. / Industry Entertainment to write feature screenplays . He is the author of original screenplays such as The Last Crash and Reflections on a Teenage Anti-Christ featured in a New York Times article about home offices . Some of his work centers on teen subcultures such as heavy-metal fans , Florida surfer teens , teen groupies , and female football players , particularly in relation to social decay . He is also interested in horror , both psychological and physical . As a sound designer , he has designed the sound for interactive computer environments and video installations which have been exhibited internationally . In 2003 , he was nominated for a Motion Picture Sound Editors Guild Golden Reel Award for his sound design for Dolly . In 2008 , he was appointed as a Northwestern University Charles Deering McCormick Professor of Teaching Excellence . In 2009 , he co-curated The Horror Show at Dorsky Gallery Curatorial Programs in New York City which explored horror in film , video , installation , photography , sculpture and painting and which was featured as a The Village Voice `` Voice Choice for Art '' and on their blog , and which was accompanied by a 32-page catalog . In 2011 , he co-produced Debra Kahn Tolchinsky 's Fast Talk , which investigates the accelerated speed of argumentation in college debate and which is available on iTunes and Amazon instant . Recently , he published `` Where 's the Rest of Me ? '' a reflective essay about Spalding Gray in Paraphilia Magazine and co-curated with Debra Kahn Tolchinsky The Presence of Absence sponsored by the Contemporary Arts Council at Hairpin Arts Center in Chicago , chosen by Chicago Magazine as one of the `` 16 best art gallery shows to see now in Chicago '' and described in The Huffington Post as `` The space is gorgeous , the art solid , challenging , yet accessible . This is a wonderfully odd , powerful , thoughtful show '' . He was also ranked # 14 on New City 's Film 50 2013 : Chicago 's Screen Gems , was the recipient of a 2014 Illinois Arts Council Artist Fellowship in Literature , and was voted Best Director for his play , Where 's the Rest of Me ? ( which was nominated for Best Play and which was an adaptation of his essay ) , at the 2015 Riant Theatre One-Act Play Festival in New York City . Most recently , his play Clear was published in Issue 3 2015 of Proscenium Journal , he was ranked number 8 with Debra Kahn Tolchinsky on New City 's Film 50 2015 : Chicago 's Screen Gems , and he co-curated Sick by Seven ( seven plays/films about mental health in the modern world ) at A Red Orchid Theatre in Chicago as part of its Incubator Series . He is a graduate of Yale ( 1985 , BA , magna cum laude ) and USC School of Cinematic Arts/School of Cinema-Television ( 1988 , MFA ) . He continues to collaborate often with his spouse , the media artist Debra Kahn Tolchinsky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9537bbc2d27c9fe4abbb204008e81351",
"text": "John Kruth John Kruth is a singer/songwriter/multi-instrumentalist best known for his highly energetic `` Banshee Mandolin '' style of playing . He is also proficient on guitar , banjo , harmonica and various flutes . Kruth is co-founder and the main songwriter of New York-based world music ensemble TriBeCaStan , and also a music journalist and author . Kruth 's first biography , Bright Moments -- The Life and Legacy of Rahsaan Roland Kirk was first published in the U.S. and England in 2000 by Welcome Rain Books . Bright Moments was translated into Japanese and published by Kawade Shobo in 2005 . His most recent biography is Rhapsody In Black - The Life and Music of Roy Orbison from Hal Leonard Books , NYC . He is also the author of To Live 's To Fly - the Ballad of Townes Van Zandt , was published by Da Capo Books in March 2007 , winner of 2008 Deems Taylor ASCAP Award for Best Musical Biography . John has nine solo albums to his credit . His latest CD , Splitsville , was released in the fall of 2008 by Smiling Fez Records . In November 1997 Kruth performed at Carnegie Hall as a soloist for composer John Corigliano on the Moroccan folk oboe called the ghaita , commonly played by the Master Musicians of Jajouka . He has also performed with playwright Sam Shepard , poet Allen Ginsberg , Patti Smith , performance artist Laurie Anderson , producer Hal Willner , folksinger John Prine , as well as Violent Femmes , the Meat Puppets , King Missile , Peter Stampfel , Rick Danko , Garth Hudson , James Belushi , Steve Buscemi , Eric von Schmidt , Stan Ridgeway , Bob Neuwirth , Die Kreuzen , Cyberchump and members of Camper Van Beethoven . In 2006 , John traveled to India where he studied mandolin and performed with Carnatic mandolin virtuoso U. Rajesh . Kruth is currently a Professor of Music at the College of Mount St. Vincent . In the past , his writing has appeared in the New York Times , Rolling Stone , The Progressive , Frets , and Signal to Noise . He is currently a regular contributor to Rave ( India ) , Sing Out ! , Wax Poetics and Fretboard Journal . He spent much of his early career in Milwaukee , but now lives in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3709fd9a2c3a4281515dbf1b456c63cf",
"text": "David Production is a Japanese animation studio known for the anime television series adaptation for the long-running manga series JoJo 's Bizarre Adventure . The company was founded by former Gonzo president and producer Kōji Kajita and fellow producer Taito Okiura in September 2007 upon having left Gonzo . The company 's first work was as an animation subcontractor , but in 2009 David Production undertook their first full animation production as a primary contractor with Ristorante Paradiso . Fuji Television acquired the studio on August 1 , 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c2dbb8030ac8b9f2bfdc783adc00de2",
"text": "The Wachowskis Lana Wachowski ( formerly Laurence `` Larry '' Wachowski , born June 21 , 1965 ) and Lilly Wachowski ( formerly Andrew Paul `` Andy '' Wachowski , born December 29 , 1967 ) are American film directors , screenwriters , and producers . They are siblings , and are both trans women . Collectively known as The Wachowskis and formerly as The Wachowski Brothers , the pair made their directing debut in 1996 with Bound , and reached fame with their second film The Matrix ( 1999 ) , a major box office success for which they won the Saturn Award for Best Director . They wrote and directed its two sequels : The Matrix Reloaded and The Matrix Revolutions ( both in 2003 ) , and were deeply involved in the writing and production of other works in the franchise . Following the commercial success of The Matrix series , they wrote and produced the 2006 film V for Vendetta ( an adaptation of the comic of the same name by Alan Moore ) , and in 2008 released the film Speed Racer , which was a live-action adaptation of the Japanese anime series of the same name . Their next film , Cloud Atlas , based on the novel of the same name by David Mitchell and co-written and co-directed by Tom Tykwer , was released in 2012 . Their film Jupiter Ascending and the Netflix series Sense8 both debuted in 2015 . The siblings have worked as a writing and directing unit throughout their professional film careers from Bound through the first season of Sense8 . Following her gender transition , Lilly Wachowski took a break from active writing and directing ; Lana worked on the second season of Sense8 without her .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d27d966464f50090b1f1b81ca343809a",
"text": "Kaleidoscope (newspaper) Kaleidoscope was an underground newspaper that was published in Milwaukee , Wisconsin . Founded by John Kois , radio disk jockey Bob Reitman , and John Sahli ( a member of The Shags ) , it was published from October 6 , 1967 to November 11 , 1971 , printing 105 biweekly issues in all . The paper 's first issue was printed with a borrowed $ 250 in an edition of 3500 copies , which sold out in two days . In the first anniversary issue of Kaleidoscope a brief history of the paper 's origins appeared : ' `` The need for a Milwaukee-based underground newspaper was apparent early in 1967 . It was talked about , tentative plans made and loose alliances formed , throughout the spring and summer , but nothing definite was done until July , when George Richard , a happy man of business , offered to underwrite the first issue . The first `` staff '' meeting was held in the Knickerbocker Coffee Shop . It was quite a crew : Bob Reitman , cemetery managing rock freak poet ; John Sahli , industrial designing former gentle Shag ; and John Kois , drifter free lance writer recently escaped from the coast . '' ' From its first issue , Kaleidoscope was subject to censorship attempts , including arrest of vendors in some suburbs and a drive to put its printer out of business ; one case went to the U.S. Supreme Court ( after the newspaper had folded ) , which ruled in Kois v. Wisconsin that the newspaper 's publication of two photos and a poem entitled `` Sex Poem '' in an article about censorship did not constitute obscenity . `` One of the requirements to get on this paper , '' John Kois told a reporter for Rolling Stone , `` is that you have to dig fucking and doping . '' Kaleidoscope was an affiliate of the Liberation News Service ( LNS ) and Underground Press Syndicate ( UPS ) . It finally succumbed after four years to a combination of financial pressures , internal factionalism and burn-out . The 1971 death of printer Bill Schanen , who withstood a boycott of his printing business after he started printing the undergrounds on his presses , may also have been a factor in the paper 's demise . Schanen 's son continued to print the paper but refused to extend any more credit . With the paper $ 15,000 in debt to 42 creditors , and revenues sinking fast , it soon folded . At various times , Kaleidoscope also published several sister papers around the upper Midwest : the Chicago Kaleidoscope ( first issue dated Nov. 22-Dec . 5 1968 , later merged with the Chicago Seed ) ; Omaha Kaleidoscope ; Fox Valley Kaleidoscope ( based in Oshkosh , Wisconsin ) , and the Madison Kaleidoscope . There was also a short-lived affiliate in Indianapolis . These papers shared a common printer ( Bill Schanen in Port Washington , Wisconsin ) , and sold advertising space to national advertisers that ran in all the active papers of the chain . Each ran local and hard news in a front section which was combined with a shared second section edited in Milwaukee , containing less parochial material ( mostly arts and culture ) derived or reprinted from national and syndicated sources . This latter `` Part II '' was also sold to other underground newspapers to be used as a supplement to their local content . Advertising revenue from this source was greatly diminished starting in 1969 after the FBI allegedly pressured advertisers such as Columbia Records to quit running advertisements in the underground press ; although some observers have also attributed the sharp falloff in record company advertising which was experienced by all of the underground press to the rise of specialized rock music papers like Rolling Stone.Kaleidoscope also operated two peripheral businesses in Milwaukee : the Granfalloon coffeehouse , and the Interabang bookstore at 1668 N. Warren Ave. After Kaleidoscope ceased publication in late 1971 a number of staffers joined the Bugle-American '' . Kois ended up working for Al Goldstein 's Screw magazine . Reitman continued to work as a radio personality in Milwaukee , where he is still on the radio one night a week as of June 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84b006dcbe140c1f78c368b4543092d3",
"text": "Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor . Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios . In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever . Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide . Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole . Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected . In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie . Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 . Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb949a360d6ffbbc076980cfe0af9976",
"text": "A Place to Stand (film) A Place to Stand is a 1967 film produced and edited by the Canadian artist and filmmaker Christopher Chapman for the Ontario pavilion at Expo 67 in Montréal , Québec , Canada . For the film , he pioneered the concept of moving panes , of moving images , within the single context of the screen . At times there are 15 separate images moving at once . This technique , which he dubbed `` multi-dynamic image technique '' has since been employed in many films , notably Norman Jewison 's 1968 film The Thomas Crown Affair . Mr. Jewison has credited Mr. Chapman as the creator of the edit style . The technique can also be seen on television in the series 24 . It is said that most of the editing decisions were worked out in an accountant 's spreadsheet book and the pencil edit plan resembled flow charts . Chapman has said that at one point in the editing process he stood there in the room , bits of footage hanging from clips all around him . He felt crushed by the force of his vision and he was a breath away from quitting . Even at the first screening , Chapman was exhausted and unsure but as he left the room , Steve McQueen watching at the back , grabbed Chapman and told him that he was blown away by the film . The 18-minute film used 70mm stock and was projected onto a 66 by 30 foot screen . It contains no dialogue , but only music by a 45-member orchestra and a 15-member choir . Its theme song , `` A Place to Stand , a Place to Grow '' , written by Dolores Claman and Richard Morris , and orchestrated by Jerry Toth , enjoyed great popularity on its own . Commissioned by the Ontario Department of Economics and Development from the Toronto commercial design studio TDF and premiered at the Expo 67 Ontario Pavilion on April 28 , 1967 , it was seen by some two million at Expo 67 itself and later by a further estimated 100 million in North America and Europe in cinema release . It was nominated for an Academy Award in two categories : Best Documentary Short Subject and Best Live Action Short Subject . It won the latter prize , which Chapman accepted on April 10 , 1968 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b3c95d6b6f0e5fc404bce953042aa238",
"text": "Film director A film director is a person who directs the making of a film . Generally , a film director controls a film 's artistic and dramatic aspects and visualizes the screenplay ( or script ) while guiding the technical crew and actors in the fulfillment of that vision . The director has a key role in choosing the cast members , production design , and the creative aspects of filmmaking . Under European Union law , the director is viewed as the author of the film . The film director gives direction to the cast and crew and creates an overall vision through which a film eventually becomes realized , or noticed . Directors need to be able to mediate differences in creative visions and stay within the boundaries of the film 's budget . There are many pathways to becoming a film director . Some film directors started as screenwriters , cinematographers , film editors or actors . Other film directors have attended a film school . Directors use different approaches . Some outline a general plotline and let the actors improvise dialogue , while others control every aspect , and demand that the actors and crew follow instructions precisely . Some directors also write their own screenplays or collaborate on screenplays with long-standing writing partners . Some directors edit or appear in their films , or compose the music score for their films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f9ca38673fe25d6c4161f8ddc8d89af",
"text": "Scammers (band) Scammers is an American experimental musician . Phil Diamond began Scammers in 2010 while living at the Pistol Social Club in Kansas City , Missouri . His songwriting has been compared to that of Leonard Cohen , Scott Walker , and Nick Cave . In 2013 , Scammers released `` Philipglasscandy , '' the first in a series of releases in the style of John Oswald 's Plunderphonics . This series later included 2014 's `` Songs of Suspicious Origin , '' and 2016 's `` Deathly Hollow . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bdea9d897b33dc91509e70e7298743c",
"text": "Do Not Adjust Your Set Do Not Adjust Your Set ( DNAYS ) is a television series produced originally by Rediffusion , London , then , by the fledgling Thames Television for British commercial television channel ITV from 26 December 1967 to 14 May 1969 . The show took its name from the message ( frequently seen on the TV screen in those days ) which was displayed when there was a problem with transmission . It included early appearances of Denise Coffey , David Jason , Eric Idle , Terry Jones , and Michael Palin ; the last three became members of the Monty Python comedy troupe soon afterwards . Although originally conceived as a children 's programme , it quickly acquired a following amongst many adults , including future Pythons John Cleese and Graham Chapman ( as mentioned by Cleese himself in the `` Paying my ex-wife '' stage performance tour , October 2010 ) . The Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band performed a song in each programme and Bob Kerr 's Whoopee Band also appeared . The musicians frequently appeared as extras in sketches . The programme comprised a series of sketches , often bizarre and surreal , frequently satirical with a disjointed style which anticipate Monty Python 's Flying Circus , which followed five months after the last episode of DNAYS . Strange animations between sketches were crafted in the final episodes by the then-unknown Terry Gilliam , who also graduated to Python -- part of his `` Christmas cards '' animation reappeared there in the `` Joy to the World '' segment . One long-running feature of the show was Captain Fantastic , featuring a parody superhero ( Jason ) in improbable , even macabre adventures against villainess Mrs. Black ( Coffey ) . These segments were shot entirely on film , on location in London . In 1968 , it won an international award , the Prix Jeunesse , in Munich .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d07581402e411315701368224f98e44b",
"text": "Vincent Kaminski Vincent Julian Kaminski was born in Poland and worked as the Managing Director for Research at the failed energy trading corporation Enron until 2002 . In this capacity he led a team of approximately fifty analysts who developed quantitative models to support energy trading . In the months preceding Enron 's bankruptcy Kaminski repeatedly raised strong objections to the financial practices of Enron 's Chief Financial Officer , Andrew Fastow , designed to fraudulently conceal the company 's burgeoning debt . The primary practice involved hiding Enron 's debt in partnership companies managed by Fastow and financed by outside creditors . The debt was then secured against stock in the Enron Corporation itself , which was strongly valued at that time . To induce creditors to assume the risk of financing this debt certain `` trigger events '' were built into the contracts which would require immediate repayment of the full loan amount , such as the decline of the stock value used as collateral below a prearranged level . During the course of a company-wide comprehensive risk assessment Kaminski and his team of analysts pointed out that there existed many such arrangements , and if one were triggered the rest would be activated like dominoes as the stock price fell in response to the bad news , effectively ending the financial viability of the company . Kaminski 's strident opposition to these practices was one of the last chances to avert the implosion which soon followed . Dr. Kaminski holds an M.S. degree in International Economics and a Ph.D. degree in Mathematical Economics from the Main School of Planning and Statistics in Warsaw ( which has since been renamed Warsaw School of Economics ) , and an MBA from Fordham University in New York City . He teaches at the business school of Rice University in Houston , Texas , and is the author of several books on risk management and energy trading . Books by Dr. Kaminski : Energy Modelling : Advances in the Management of Uncertainty , published by Risk Books in 2005 , ISBN 1-904339-42-5 Managing Energy Price Risk : The New Challenges and Solutions , published by Risk Books in 2004 , ISBN 1-904339-19-0 Energy Markets http://riskbooks.com/energy-markets , published by Risk Books on 18 January 2013 , ISBN 9781906348793",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ee1fe32a7a6b00990695882bd51022b",
"text": "Cine Foundation International Cine Foundation International is London-based non-profit film company and human rights NGO `` aiming to 'em power open consciousness through cinema ' '' . The foundation was formed in December 2010 by American filmmaker Jesse Richards , founder of the Remodernist film movement , South Korean film critic Blue Un Sok Kim and Tobias Morgan , formerly the developer of `` The Garage '' on Mubi . On 3 January 2011 , CFI announced their launch of a campaign of protest films and public actions calling for the release of imprisoned Iranian filmmaker Jafar Panahi . `` The campaign will include protest films that speak to human rights issues in Iran and throughout the world , six of which are commissioned feature-length , plus twenty shorts . Participating filmmakers may act anonymously or through pseudonyms since voicing their stories can be dangerous . The films , which will address themes of nation , identity , self , spiritual culture , censorship and imprisonment , will be aimed for public , web and various exhibition media '' . In January 2011 , filmmakers Béla Tarr and Lav Diaz joined the foundation 's Board of Directors , and in February Fred Kelemen joined the Board of Directors . Also in January 2011 , CFI deployed a video protest mechanism called WHITE MEADOWS ( named for the Mohammad Rasoulof film of the same title ) and developed by Ericson deJesus ( of Yahoo! and frog design ) at the request of the foundation . The video mechanism `` allow ( s ) anyone in the world to record a short video statement about Panahi and Rasoulof . There will be an ESCAPE button at top , allowing quick exit for those in countries where recording a statement would be dangerous . There will be an option to have the screen black , and soon , voice distortion . The video statements will be recorded as mp4s , giving them maximum transmedia capacity , which essentially makes them broadcastable from any device that can show video '' . Users can also use the mechanism to comment on how they would `` like to see as an international response by the film industry '' , comment on the state of human rights in general , or to `` report a human rights abuse to the world '' . Late in 2011 , CFI launched #OccupyCinema , an ongoing collective project in collaboration with the global Occupy movement . The project encompasses `` public space projections onto buildings or other public surfaces -- broadcasting films , video documents or live feeds , with the intention of decentralising traditional broadcast monopolies and information power structures where these interfere with freedom of speech or otherwise compel human beings to surrender to the agendas of ethically bankrupt regimes . '' On November 1 , #OccupyCinema will launch public displays of films in New York City , Dallas , Kansas , London and Paris , with more to follow over the next week . Tobias Morgan resigned as Chair in Autumn 2011 , having been commissioned to make a Cine Foundation International feature film dedicated to the Iranian film producer Katayoun Shahabi . Jesse Richards resigned in 2012 , and Blue Un Sok Kim took the Chair . Category : International human rights organizations Category : Organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Arts organisations based in the United Kingdom Category : Film organisations in the United Kingdom",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b92b62a80d559a88bad438d5d85f40dd",
"text": "Łukasz Targosz Łukasz Targosz ( -LSB- wukaʂ tarɡoʂ -RSB- ; born 20 February 1977 in Cracow ) is a Polish film composer , and music and film producer . A graduate from The Karol Szymanowski Academy of Music in Katowice ( Jazz and Pop Music Department ) in 2002 . He started his career as a session musician . After writing music for a movie entitled The Crown Witness , he gained recognition . He received two awards for his film music : in 2010 during Roma Fiction Fest for the best music written for a TV series Marked and during Los Angeles Cinema Festival of Hollywood ( Winter 2015 ) for music composed for The Last Waltz . Radiostation RMF Classic as well as its listeners awarded Łukasz Targosz with MocArty for The Best Film Music of 2014 written to a TV series The Pack produced by HBO Poland . He can boast of over 40 soundtracks for various cinematic projects -- to begin with art house , through mainstream movies and animation , to end with new generation historic movies such as Stones for the Rampart by Robert Gliński , long awaited screen version of a classical Polish novel by Aleksander Kamiński . A romantic comedy entitled Letters to St. Nicolas achieved box-office success in Poland while the soundtrack quickly reached gold record status ; Love and Dance is the first Polish dance movie which was watched by a record-breaking number of viewers ; Insiders -- a thriller TV series was reviewed as one of the best Polish TV series ; Marked was nominated during such festivals as RoseD ` or , Monte-Carlo Television Festival and Roma Fition Fest ; the animation entitled The Game , which he also co-produced , was awarded during numerous international festivals , e.g. Boston International Film Festival , Mexico International Film Festival , On Location : Memphis International Film and Music Fest , Canada International Film Festival , Indie Fest . What is more , The Game was the only Polish animation which stood a chance to win an Oscar for the year 2012 . He was also a co-producer of Floating Skyscrapers by Tomasz Wasilewski , one of top award winning Polish movies in 2013 ( International Film Festival in Karlovy Vary , T-Mobile New Horizons , Gdynia Film Festival ) . He cooperated with various well-known artists , among them : Jennifer Batten ( together they performed solos for Michael Jackson 's Dirty Diana , which was used in the movie entitled Love and Dance ) , Renata Przemyk , Grzegorz Turnau , Janusz Radek , Robert Janowski , Doda , Afromental band . He is a co-owner of the Music Production Studio SPOT which was found in 1999 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7acd50be89f029165fc41d84c7b7e232",
"text": "Ross Geller Ross Geller , Ph.D. , is a fictional character from the NBC sitcom Friends , portrayed by David Schwimmer . Ross is considered by many to be the most intelligent member of the group and is noted for his goofy , pathetic but lovable demeanor . He is a compulsive liar to avoid arguments or situations with conflict , often leading to an arcing storyline within a show . His relationship with Rachel Green was included in TV Guides list of the best TV couples of all time , as well as Entertainment Weeklys `` 30 Best ` Will They/Won ' t They ? ' TV Couples '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "445b74e122e89d9def2013aa02429169",
"text": "David J. Schow David J. Schow ( born July 13 , 1955 ) is an American author of horror novels , short stories , and screenplays . His credits include films such as The Crow and The Texas Chainsaw Massacre : The Beginning . Most of Schow 's work falls into the subgenre splatterpunk , a term he is sometimes credited with coining . In the 1990s , Schow wrote Raving & Drooling , a regular column for Fangoria magazine . All 41 instalments were collected in the book Wild Hairs ( 2000 ) , which won the International Horror Guild 's award for best non-fiction in 2001 . In 1987 , Schow 's novella Pamela 's Get was nominated for a Bram Stoker Award for best long fiction . His short story Red Light won the 1987 World Fantasy Award for Best Short Fiction . And in 2015 , The Outer Limits at 50 won the Rondo Award for Book of the Year in a tie with The Creature Chronicles by Tom Weaver , of which Schow was a contributor . As an editor , Schow 's work includes three volumes of writings by Robert Bloch and a book of short stories by John Farris . Schow has also been a past contributor to liner notes for cult film distributors Grindhouse Releasing/Box Office Spectaculars , notably on the North American DVD release of Italian filmmaker Lucio Fulci 's horror film , Cat in the Brain . He has also written text supplements for the DVDs of Reservoir Dogs and From Hell , and has done DVD commentaries for The Dirty Dozen , The Green Mile , Incubus , Thriller and Creature from the Black Lagoon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4cac1804a3369262b5360c743206fe23",
"text": "Scott & Muriel Scott & Muriel is the stage name of the comedy duo Scott Nelson and Muriel Brugman , a husband and wife team of comedy illusionists and entertainers . Their style of performance can best be described as `` slapstick magic , '' a combination of visual comedy , slapstick , modern clowning , and illusions . All the material and illusions they perform they created , designed and built themselves . They began working together in 1999 . In June , 2000 , they won the title `` National Champions of Holland '' at the Dutch National Congress of Magic . One month later in July 2000 , they won the highest award in magic , the FISM Grand Prix , and with it the title `` World Champions of Magic . '' They are the first and only comedy magic duo to have won this award . In 2002 they appeared at the famous Juste pour rire ( Just for Laughs ) festival in Montreal , Canada . In 2003 they were the only illusionists to work with Cirque du Soleil in the company 's first television series , Solstrom . In 2004 they created their first full evening show , Scott & Muriel 's B!G Show with Joe ! , together with Joe Dieffenbacher of the theater group Nakupelle . This show toured for three years in the Netherlands . It was produced by Kees van Liempt of Interpresario and directed by Pieter Athmer . The music was arranged and composed by Kino Haitsma . In 2006 Scott & Muriel took over the production of the show and it has since toured in Austria and Germany . Scott & Muriel were semi-finalists in the popular TV show Holland 's Got Talent on SBS6 in 2007 . In 2008 they were invited to the 32nd edition of the International Circus Festival of Monte-Carlo . At the festival they were awarded the Nice-Matin Journalist Prize and the Special Prize from the Fairmont Hotel of Monaco . They were the first illusionists to appear in the festival since Lee Pee Ville in 1978 . At the 2nd World Festival of Clowns in Ekatrineburg , Russia , 2009 , Scott & Muriel were awarded the Golden Clown . In 2010-2011 they starred in the Palazzo dinner-theater show in Amsterdam , the Netherlands . In 2011-2012 they starred in the Big Apple Circus in New York City , United States In 2012-2013 they appeared in the show ` Seduction ' at the Royal Palace cabaret in Kirrwiller , France In 2014-2015 they appeared in the Weltweihnachtszirkus in Stuttgart , Germany They are currently busy touring with their 90-minute theater show `` Scott & Muriel - The Accidental Illusionists ... Fall in Love '' Scott & Muriel reside in the Netherlands .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
40eebf296ecf3dad0de27c521890c28c | Selena Gomez's song "Good for You" got to the top of the Mainstream Top 40 chart. | [
{
"docid": "c425b7e2bed3128b09fd4ad27295580b",
"text": "Selena Gomez Selena Marie Gomez ( -LSB- səˈliːnə_məˈɹiː_ˈɡoʊmɛz -RSB- ; -LSB- seˈlena ˈɣomes -RSB- ; born July 22 , 1992 ) is an American actress and singer . Having appeared in the children 's television series Barney & Friends while growing up , she rose to fame playing the role of Alex Russo on the Disney Channel series Wizards of Waverly Place ( 2007 -- 2012 ) . In 2008 , she signed a recording contract with Hollywood Records and formed her band Selena Gomez & the Scene . The band released three studio albums and produced four top 30 singles by 2011 . Gomez also formed her own production company in 2008 , July Moon Productions ; she serves as an executive producer on the Netflix original series 13 Reasons Why , which released in March 2017 . Between 2009 and 2011 , Gomez starred in films such as Princess Protection Program , Ramona and Beezus , and Monte Carlo , and took on a more mature role in Spring Breakers ( 2013 ) . Gomez also took her singing career in a different direction , with the release of her first solo album Stars Dance ( 2013 ) ; the album debuted atop the Billboard 200 in the United States and included the top ten single `` Come & Get It . '' Gomez released a compilation album in 2014 as her fifth and final release through Hollywood Records , which was preceded by her second top ten single `` The Heart Wants What It Wants '' , and signed a new recording contract with Interscope Records . In 2015 , she released her second solo album , Revival , which debuted at number one on the Billboard 200 , while the first three singles , `` Good for You , '' `` Same Old Love , '' and `` Hands to Myself , '' all topped the Mainstream Top 40 chart in the United States . Gomez has also starred in the films The Fundamentals of Caring ( 2016 ) , In Dubious Battle ( 2016 ) , and in the Hotel Transylvania films . Since the start of her singing career , she has gone on to sell over 7 million albums and 22 million singles worldwide , according to Billboard . Gomez has earned a number of awards and nominations for her work as an actress and singer , and has won a Billboard Women in Music award , an MTV Video Music Award , an American Music Award , and fifteen Teen Choice Awards . As of November 2016 , Gomez is the most-followed Instagram user in the world .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c08c87fd6a99eb0d2b23b7caf375cd3f",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 2007 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay . In 2007 , 17 singles reached the top spot on the chart . An 18th single , Beyoncé Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , began a run at the top in 2006 which continued into 2007 . In 2007 , eight acts achieved their first US number-one single , either as a lead artist or featured guest : Maroon 5 , Avril Lavigne , Mims , Plain White T 's , Sean Kingston , Soulja Boy Tell 'Em , T-Pain , and Yung Joc . Producer Timbaland earned his first number-one single as lead artist with `` Give It to Me '' ; he had previously appeared as featured guest on singer Nelly Furtado 's number-one single `` Promiscuous '' . T-Pain , Justin Timberlake , Nelly Furtado and Fergie each earned two number-one singles , either as a lead artist or featured guest . Three number-one singles tied for the longest run on the chart in 2007 : Knowles ' `` Irreplaceable '' , Rihanna 's `` Umbrella '' , and Soulja Boy Tell 'Em 's `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' all topped the chart for seven weeks ; the last of these was non-consecutive . However , `` Irreplaceable '' , which started its peak position in three issues the previous year , is credited to by Billboard magazine as 2006 's longest-running single . To this effect , `` Umbrella '' and `` Crank That ( Soulja Boy ) '' are the longest-running singles of 2007 . Other singles with extended chart runs include singer Alicia Keys ' `` No One '' which stayed at number one for five straight weeks . `` Irreplaceable '' is the best-performing single of the calendar year , topping the Year-End Hot 100 singles of 2007 for seven consecutive weeks . Band Maroon 5 's `` Makes Me Wonder '' is noted for its jump from 64th to 1st place on the Billboard Hot 100 , making it the largest leap of 2007 . `` Umbrella '' , which occupied the top slot for seven of summer 's thirteen weeks , has been credited by the music press as 2007 's Song of the Summer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "890e246a8446f4823092acd416b53728",
"text": "Anastacia discography The discography of Anastacia , an American singer-songwriter , consists of six studio albums , twenty two singles , twenty three music videos , and two DVDs . She released her debut album , Not That Kind on June 13 , 2000 . The album reached the top ten in eight countries in Europe and Asia . It went four times platinum in Europe and triple platinum in Australia ; her debut single `` I 'm Outta Love '' was a global smash hit in 1999 topping the charts in Belgium , Australia and New Zealand , peaking at number two in France , Switzerland , Italy and Ireland as well as also reaching number six both in Germany . The second single `` Not That Kind '' reached number 11 in the UK and became a Top 10 hit in Italy . It also entered the Top 20 in Switzerland and France . `` Cowboys & Kisses '' was released as the third single off the album , charting in the top forty in some European countries . As the last promotional only single , `` Made for Lovin ' You '' charted in the UK at number twenty-seven and in France at number seventy-two . Her second album Freak of Nature released in 2001 , achieved successful sales in the U.K. where it went triple platinum as well as being a hit throughout continental Europe , however unlike her debut it did not match the same level of international success . The first single released was `` Paid My Dues '' . The song became an overall hit , in 2001 , peaking in Denmark , Italy , Norway , and Switzerland , and reaching the top ten in several other mainland European countries . The second single , released in 2002 , `` One Day in Your Life '' , reached number eleven in the UK and the top ten in many European countries . The next single `` Why 'd You Lie to Me '' reached the top thirty in the UK . `` You 'll Never Be Alone '' , the fourth single , reached number twenty-eight on the Adult Contemporary chart in the U.S. Anastacia quickly became her most successful album to date , giving her a third consecutive triple platinum album in the U.K. and reaching the top of national charts of Ireland , the Netherlands , Australia , Greece , Germany and other countries . Unlike her first two albums , which were released in her homeland of America , Anastacia was not , despite being scheduled for release on three occasions . The first single , released in March , was `` Left Outside Alone '' , which saw a change in direction for Anastacia . It was one of the biggest songs in Europe of 2004 , reaching number one Austria , Italy , Spain , Switzerland and number two in Denmark , Germany , Ireland , the Netherlands , Norway and number three in the United Kingdom and Hungary . Overall the song remained at No. 1 on the European Billboards for 15 weeks . The song also peaked in the Australian charts where it went on to become the countries ' second biggest selling single of 2004 . Anastacia released three further internationally successful singles ; `` Sick and Tired '' ( which gave her another number one in Spain and another UK top five single ) , `` Welcome to My Truth '' ( her best-selling hit in Spain ) , and the ballad `` Heavy on My Heart '' proceeds from the sale of which went towards her Anastacia Fund ( a charitable organization providing research funding for breast cancer ) . On July 24 , Anastacia announced that her fourth studio album Heavy Rotation would be released October 27 , 2008 in Europe and Asia ( and elsewhere in 2009 ) . Her fourth studio album proved to be less successful than her previous ones ; her singles failed to reach the top 40 in her most commercially successful country ( UK ) . The album 's first single , called `` I Can Feel You '' , began playing in some radio markets on August 25 , 2008 . The second single from Heavy Rotation was `` Absolutely Positively '' , later served as a promotional single only . The third official single from the album had been confirmed as `` Defeated '' and was released as a promotional single only in Europe without a music video . It 's a Man 's World , a collection of her covers by rock male artists was released on November 9 , 2012 . Anastacia confirmed via her Twitter account that she was currently writing songs for producers , John Fields and Steve Diamond and also , recording her sixth studio album which will return to her own chosen `` sprock '' sound . The album , entitled Resurrection , is to be released in May 2014 with the lead single `` Stupid Little Things '' was released on April 4 and was met with overwhelmingly positive reaction from music critics with MTV 's Brad Stern including it in the 5 Must-Hear Pop Songs of the Week ! stating that it was ` return to form ' from the ` pop princess and proof that Anastacia 's a true survivor ' , after her second battle with breast cancer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53e8a8a625485bbd5bafae1e114557fa",
"text": "List of Mainstream Top 40 top 10 singles in 1996 This is a list of songs that have peaked in the top ten of the Mainstream Top 40 chart during 1996 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fff2cfe403a27ec393012decc92f8d5",
"text": "The Heart Wants What It Wants `` The Heart Wants What It Wants '' is a song by American singer Selena Gomez from her 2014 compilation album For You . It was released on November 6 , 2014 , through Hollywood Records . The song was written by Gomez , Antonina Armato and Tim James . Additional songwriting was provided by David Jost . Armato and James , who collectively form the production duo Rock Mafia , also produced the song . A mid-tempo pop and R&B track with a minimal electropop beat , its accompanying music video was premiered on November 6 , 2014 , alongside the premiere of the song itself . It is Gomez 's last release under the label . Music critics mostly commended the song 's lyrical content , production , vocals , and Gomez 's new direction . The song reached number six on the Billboard Hot 100 . It also reached number six in Canada , and peaked in the top 40 in sixteen countries , including Australia , Belgium , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc4f047b3396b86648b187023aff366c",
"text": "Qué Hiciste `` Qué Hiciste '' ( English : What Did You Do ? ) is a song recorded by American singer Jennifer Lopez for her fifth studio album , Como Ama una Mujer ( 2007 ) . It was written and produced by Marc Anthony and Julio Reyes Copello , with additional writing from Jimena Romero . `` Qué Hiciste '' became a commercial success for Lopez , appearing in a wide range of charts around the world . The song became her first Spanish-language song to chart inside the Billboard Hot 100 , reaching a peak position of eighty-six . It also peaked atop of Billboard Hot Dance Club Play and Hot Latin Tracks charts . The song additionally reached the top position in Italy and in Switzerland . Lopez performed the song on American Idol on April 11 , 2007 ; becoming the first artist ever to perform a Spanish song on the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28094ebf5f8824f5921992885d751481",
"text": "List of number-one Billboard Top Latin Songs of 2010 The Billboard Hot Latin Songs chart ranks the best-performing Spanish-language singles in the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical and digital sales , and airplay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dab9947ccfbc33db1d18211799aaa244",
"text": "List of number-one dance singles of 2014 (U.S.) The U.S. Dance Club Songs chart is published weekly by Billboard . It compiles the weeks most popular songs from a sample of reporting DJ 's around the country . The first number-one song of 2014 was `` Unconditionally '' by Katy Perry . With remixes by Syn Cole , Manufactured Superstars , Tracy Young and Country Club Martini Crew , it became her twelfth consecutive chart topper , extending her own record for the most number-ones in a row in the thirty-seven year history of the chart . Perry achieved a further three number one singles during the year -- `` Dark Horse '' featuring Juicy J , `` Birthday '' and `` This Is How We Do '' -- with the last becoming her record-extending fifteenth consecutive number-one . Beyoncé was one of three acts to top the chart three times , beginning with `` Blow '' , then `` Partition '' and her twenty-second in total , `` Pretty Hurts '' . Iggy Azalea and Dave Audé achieved three number-ones ; the former with `` Fancy '' featuring Charli XCX , `` Black Widow '' featuring Rita Ora and `` Booty '' , a collaboration with Jennifer Lopez , and Audé with `` Take Me Away '' , `` Aftermath ( Here We Go ) '' and `` Hustlin . Demi Lovato topped the chart twice with `` Neon Lights '' and `` Really Do n't Care '' featuring Cher Lloyd . `` Somebody Loves You '' became Betty Who 's first song to top the chart . Fedde Le Grand and Gregor Salto produced remixes of Mariah Carey 's song `` You 're Mine ( Eternal ) '' , garnering the singer her seventeenth number-one since she first topped the chart with `` Someday '' in 1991 . `` Painkillr '' , by Erika Jayne , became her seventh consecutive number-one on the chart . In addition to `` Black Widow '' , Ora 's own `` I Will Never Let You Down '' topped the chart in June . Enrique Iglesias became the male artist with the most number-one songs in history , with `` Bailando '' featuring Descemer Bueno and Gente de Zona becoming his thirteenth . `` Ca n't Remember to Forget You '' , a song by Shakira featuring Rihanna , became the former 's sixth and the latter 's twenty-second number-one in April , making Rihanna the second artist with the most entries after Madonna . Shakira also topped the chart with `` Dare ( La La La ) '' in July . Zhu 's song `` Faded '' topped the chart on December 20 . A writer for Complex was surprised that the song only reached number-one in December despite being commercially released in September , writing `` While I 'd love to say that it 's because the song is just that damn good ( which it is ) , Billboard says it 's been helped by the number of remixes from Odesza , Amtrac , and The Magician . '' `` Never Say Never '' by Basement Jaxx became the most-played track of the year from the national sample , ranking atop the Dance Club Songs 2014 year-end chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "61fed2a5d53e58b0b547096d865f48fd",
"text": "Jomanda (group) Jomanda was an American female house music vocal trio from New Jersey . Members included Joanne Thomas , Cheri Williams , and Renee Washington . It had several hits on the US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play chart during the first half of the 1990s , including `` Got a Love for You , '' which reached # 1 in 1991 . The song also crossed over to the mainstream , going Top 40 ( peaking at # 40 ) on the US Billboard Hot 100 . In 1993 , the trio returned to # 1 on the dance chart with `` Do n't You Want Me , '' a track credited to Felix featuring Jomanda . Group member Joanne Thomas died in October 2003 , after a three-year battle with colon cancer . The song `` Make My Body Rock '' appeared on the fictional radio station SF-UR in the video game Grand Theft Auto : San Andreas . This song is also featured on Dance ! Online , a multiplayer online casual rhythm game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0246b7ed8f112c536bc7d15a68347016",
"text": "Yolanda Pérez Yolanda Pérez ( born May 20 , 1983 ) is an American singer-songwriter who specializes in banda music . She is sometimes known by the stage name `` La Potranquita '' , ( Spanish : `` little filly '' ) , a name taken by her father from his home city of Zacatecas , Mexico . Perez was born in Los Angeles , California . Her family later moved to Montclair , California . She graduated from Montclair High School in 2001 . When she was 11 years old , Perez won a music contest held in the Los Angeles-area Lynwood . As part of the prize package , she recorded an album that launched her musical career . She has since recorded several more albums . Her career was especially enhanced when she signed with the Fonovisa label , part of the Univision Music Group . Perez followed in the footsteps of her father and grandparents who were also exponents of banda music . Her minor-label albums exhibited all the traditional characteristics of banda , but from Déjenme Llorar ( 2003 ) onwards she has combined the banda sound with modern elements such as rap as well as introducing set-piece dialogues into some tracks . Her music also shows other influences from hip hop and R&B artists - this has led her to include Spanglish phrasing in some lyrics , such as in the duet Estoy Enamorada with Don Cheto . Perez therefore , while continuing to exemplify traditional banda , has placed her own stamp and interpretation on this genre . In 2005 , Pérez was nominated for an Urban Artist of the Year award at the 17th Lo Nuestro Awards . Perez has also performed public service announcements and has been involved with other charitable work . In 2006 she volunteered to help with the `` Got Milk '' campaign , explaining that Latin American women tend to worry about outer beauty but need to also focus on their diet .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7a4d9118ff5e1f0ecacdfc142eb3f4df",
"text": "List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1997 The Billboard Hot 100 is a chart that ranks the best-performing singles of the United States . Published by Billboard magazine , the data are compiled by Nielsen SoundScan based collectively on each single 's weekly physical sales and airplay . There were nine singles that peaked atop the charts , but if `` Un-Break My Heart '' is excluded from the count ( for the song started its peak in the previous year ) , the total would be eight , the second lowest for a single year , tied with 1996 and subsequently , 2005 . The longest running number-one single of 1997 is `` Candle in the Wind 1997 '' / `` Something About the Way You Look Tonight '' , which logged 14 weeks at the top of the Billboard Hot 100 . Two of those weeks were logged in 1998 while the remaining 12 were attained in 1997 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3c23dfb98a852e643dae0a8702929f16",
"text": "List of Mainstream Top 40 top 10 singles in 2004 This is a list of songs that have peaked in the top 10 of the Mainstream Top 40 chart during 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b971499eab4de6e7f8d0f3309240ae7e",
"text": "Cool for the Summer `` Cool for the Summer '' is a song by American singer Demi Lovato . It serves as the lead single from her fifth studio album , Confident ( 2015 ) . The song was released on July 1 , 2015 , by Hollywood , and Island Records , and made its radio premiere on the same date via Republic Records . Lovato co-wrote `` Cool for the Summer '' with Alexander Erik Kronlund , Savan Kotecha , and the song 's producers Max Martin and Ali Payami . Musically , it has a rock styled edge over an electronic instrumental arrangement . The song has garnered attention for its bi-curious insinuations and sexually suggestive lyrics . Critics praised `` Cool for the Summer '' for its production and bi-curious lyrical content . It was included on several year-end lists and received nominations for the MTV Video Music Awards and 2015 Teen Choice Awards in the `` Song Of The Summer '' category . The song received an award for being one of the most performed songs of 2015 at the ASCAP Pop Music Awards . Commercially `` Cool for the Summer '' had a positive reception . In United States the song debuted at number 36 on the Billboard Hot 100 dated July 18 , 2015 , selling 80,000 copies in its first charting week . It entered the Hot 100 's top 20 on the chart dated August 15 , 2015 , and peaked at number 11 , becoming Lovato 's third highest chart position . The song also reached number one on the Dance Club Songs chart . It was certified double-platinum by RIAA . `` Cool for the Summer '' has also topped the charts in Greece and peaked within the top 10 in Belgium , the Czech Republic , Lebanon , Mexico , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom as well as the top 20 in Australia , Canada , Ireland , Slovakia , and Spain . Its music video was directed by Hannah Lux Davis and released on July 23 , 2015 . It received positive reviews from critics , who praised the singer 's sensuality and artistic growth . To promote the song , Lovato performed it at pool parties after its release . She also promoted the song on several TV programs such as The Voice , Sunrise , the 2015 MTV Video Music Awards , Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and Saturday Night Live .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "728ce7c731185cc5c3bf568619e73491",
"text": "Satisfy You (Puff Daddy song) `` Satisfy You '' , released on October 13 , 1999 , is a number-one R&B single by American hip-hop artist and producer Puff Daddy and features vocals by American R&B singer-songwriter R. Kelly on the hook The song spent six weeks at number one on the U.S. R&B chart and peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100 chart for three weeks behind `` Smooth '' by Santana featuring Rob Thomas . The song was co-written by both Combs and R. Kelly , with additional writing by R&B singer Kelly Price , who performs backing vocals . The song 's beat and bassline is taken from `` I Got 5 on It '' by Luniz , which itself interpolates Club Nouveau 's `` Why You Treat Me So Bad '' among others . The song garnered a nomination for Best Rap Performance by a Duo or Group at the 42nd Grammy Awards in 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2513f52a3038a945652ce419731f0403",
"text": "Dance Again... the Hits Dance Again ... the Hits is the first greatest hits album of American entertainer Jennifer Lopez . It was released on July 20 , 2012 , by Epic Records , to coincide with the launch of her first world tour , the Dance Again World Tour . Lopez previously conceived plans for a greatest hits album in 2009 , but instead opted to use the material recorded for her seventh studio album , Love ? , which was released by Island Records in May 2011 after her departure from Epic Records in 2010 . As Lopez owed the label one last album to fulfill her contract , she began work on a new greatest hits album in November 2011 . She later became unsure whether she wanted to go along with plans to release a greatest hits album or a new studio album , eventually deciding on the former . Dance Again ... the Hits comprises eleven previously released tracks , and two new recordings : `` Dance Again '' and `` Goin ' In '' . A deluxe edition of the album was also released , featuring three additional previously released tracks , and a DVD featuring a selection of eleven music videos . The album received generally positive reviews from music critics , who praised it as a reflection of Lopez 's success . Some critics expressed their disappointment in the absence of several successful singles , but deemed this as impressive , noting that this may have been due to the large volume of hit singles she has released over the years . Dance Again ... The Hits was a moderate commercial success , peaking within the top ten in fourteen national charts , and the top twenty in ten national charts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2bb04856c6dfd5c00838481abd1a9fd",
"text": "List of best-selling albums in Spain This is a list of the best-selling albums in Spain that have been certified by the Productores de Música de España ( PROMUSICAE ) . PROMUSICAE is in charge of certifying records in Spain . Until October 2005 , the certification levels for albums in Spain were 50,000 for Gold and 100,000 for Platinum . The current levels , however , are 20,000 for Gold and 40,000 for Platinum . Of the 20 best selling albums in Spain , Spanish artists dominate the list with fourteen entries . Two Italian artists and one artist each from the United Kingdom , United States , Cuba and Mexico complete the list . Three acts - Alejandro Sanz , Mecano , and David Bisbal - appear more than once in the list . Alejandro Sanz tops the list with `` Más '' , selling around 2.2 million copies in the country and being certified 22 times . The best-selling non-Spanish language album in Spain is Spice by Spice Girls , which sold 1 million copies .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48395df3bf70d1d96e61ae31c41d591f",
"text": "List of Billboard Mainstream Top 40 number-one songs of 2000 This is a list of the U.S. Billboard magazine Mainstream Top 40 number-one songs of 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1becac5e1e51c7e67ac16cc8ba581a4",
"text": "I Got You I Got You may refer to : I Got You ( I Feel Good ) ( album ) , an album by James Brown `` I Got You ( I Feel Good ) '' , a song by James Brown `` I Got You '' ( Craig Morgan song ) `` I Got You '' ( Dwight Yoakam song ) `` I Got You '' ( Leona Lewis song ) ( 2009 ) `` I Got You '' ( Nick Carter song ) `` I Got You '' ( Split Enz song ) `` I Got You '' ( Shenandoah song ) `` I Got You '' ( Thompson Square song ) `` I Got You '' ( Badfinger song ) `` I Got You '' ( Bebe Rexha song ) `` I Got You ( At the End of the Century ) '' , a song by Wilco from Being There `` I Got You '' , a song by Jack Johnson from From Here to Now to You `` I Got You '' , a song by Leona Lewis from I Am ( 2015 ) `` I Got You '' , a song by Stone Temple Pilots from No. 4 `` I Got You '' , a song by Train from Save Me , San Francisco `` I Got You '' , a song by Whitney Houston from I Look to You `` I Got You '' , a song by Ciara from Jackie `` I Got U '' , a song by Duke Dumont `` I Got U '' , a song by Selena Gomez & the Scene from Kiss & Tell",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d045a21f1c0a7fd5a0dbc94f5d3be4f",
"text": "Dance/Electronic Digital Songs Dance/Electronic Digital Songs is a weekly chart that ranks the best-selling digital dance and electronic singles in the United States , according to Billboard . Although it originally started tracking singles the week of January 2 , 2010 , it did not become an official chart until the issue dated April 3 , 2010 . The Dance/Electronic Digital Songs chart tracks the 50 most popular downloaded dance music singles , including tracks that are exclusively available online only . This chart also includes previously released dance and disco songs that became available for downloading , which means that songs like `` You Spin Me Round ( Like a Record ) '' by Dead or Alive are eligible to chart . On January 17 , 2013 , Billboard added a new chart , Dance/Electronic Songs , which tracks the 50 most popular Dance and Electronic singles and tracks based on club play , single sales , radio airplay , digital downloads , and online streaming . As such , this chart serves as the main component for the Dance Club Songs , Dance/Mix Show Airplay , Dance Single Sales , and Dance/Electronic Digital Songs charts . The chart 's first number one was `` Bad Romance '' by Lady Gaga in the January 23 , 2010 issue and Gaga 's songs spent so far ( as December , 2014 ) a total of 1025 weeks on the chart . The chart 's longest running number-one is `` Bulletproof '' by La Roux , reigning at the lead position for 18 consecutive weeks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8afad326aad282e12344509226fbf3b",
"text": "Good Girls (Elle King song) `` Good Girls '' is a song written and recorded by American singer and songwriter Elle King for the soundtrack of the 2016 supernatural comedy film , Ghostbusters . The song was co-written and produced by Dave Bassett . It was released digitally on June 3 , 2016 through RCA Records as the soundtrack 's lead single and impacted American Triple A radio on June 13 , 2016 . Upon release , the song received positive reviews from music critics and attained a top 40 position on the Billboard Rock Songs chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "408db0ee348d25f31d9de0a2f046cc65",
"text": "List of UK top 10 singles in 1989 The UK Singles Chart is one of many music charts compiled by the Official Charts Company that calculates the best-selling singles of the week in the United Kingdom . Before 2004 , the chart was only based on the sales of physical singles with airplay figures and digital downloads excluded from the official chart . This list shows singles that peaked in the Top 10 of the UK Singles Chart during 1989 , as well as songs which peaked in 1988 and 1990 but were in the top 10 in 1989 . The entry date is when the song appeared in the top 10 for the first time . One-hundred and forty-five singles were in the top ten in 1989 . Eight singles from 1988 remained in the top 10 for several weeks at the beginning of the year . `` Especially for You '' by Kylie Minogue and Jason Donovan , `` Crackers International '' by Erasure , `` Suddenly '' by Angry Anderson , `` Good Life '' by Inner City '' and `` Loco in Acapulco '' by The Four Tops all first charted in 1988 but reached their peak in 1989 . Thirty-six artists scored multiple entries in the top 10 in 1989 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
59ce3f4ec6cb7077b78cd7f055e0416d | Quebec is not a province. | [
{
"docid": "dc9fdc947387e0d265bb550b27bd8791",
"text": "Quebec Quebec ( pronounced -LSB- audio = En-Quebec . ogvkwᵻˈbɛk -RSB- or -LSB- kəˈbɛk -RSB- Québec -LSB- kebɛk -RSB- ) is the second-most populous province of Canada and the only one to have a predominantly French-speaking population , with French as the sole provincial official language . Quebec is Canada 's largest province by area and its second-largest administrative division ; only the territory of Nunavut is larger . It is bordered to the west by the province of Ontario , James Bay , and Hudson Bay ; to the north by Hudson Strait and Ungava Bay ; to the east by the Gulf of Saint Lawrence and the province of Newfoundland and Labrador ; and to the south by the province of New Brunswick and the US states of Maine , New Hampshire , Vermont , and New York . It also shares maritime borders with Nunavut , Prince Edward Island , and Nova Scotia . Quebec is Canada 's second-most populous province , after Ontario . Most inhabitants live in urban areas near the Saint Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec City , the capital . Approximately half of Quebec residents live in the Greater Montreal Area , including the Island of Montreal . English-speaking communities and English-language institutions are concentrated in the west of the island of Montreal but are also significantly present in the Outaouais , Eastern Townships , and Gaspé regions . The Nord-du-Québec region , occupying the northern half of the province , is sparsely populated and inhabited primarily by Aboriginal peoples . The climate around the major cities is four-season continental with cold and snowy winters combined with warm to hot humid summers , but further north long winter seasons dominate and as a result the northern areas of the province are marked by tundra conditions . Even in central Quebec at comparatively southerly latitudes winters are severe in inland areas . Quebec independence debates have played a large role in the politics of the province . Parti Québécois governments held referendums on sovereignty in 1980 and 1995 ; both were voted down by voters , the latter defeated by a very narrow margin . In 2006 , the House of Commons of Canada passed a symbolic motion recognizing the `` Québécois as a nation within a united Canada . '' While the province 's substantial natural resources have long been the mainstay of its economy , sectors of the knowledge economy such as aerospace , information and communication technologies , biotechnology , and the pharmaceutical industry also play leading roles . These many industries have all contributed to helping Quebec become an economically influential province within Canada , second only to Ontario in economic output .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "cb00a87db31224a403521a9ed5d33ed1",
"text": "Quebec Resolutions The Quebec Resolutions , also known as the seventy-two resolutions , were a group of statements written at the Quebec Conference of 1864 , which laid out the framework for the Canadian Constitution . They were adopted by the majority of the provinces of Canada , and became the basis for the London Conference of 1866 . Some of the major points that were addressed in the resolutions are as follows : Canada will have a strong central government ( federal government ) , the central government is to be responsible for the legislation of peace , order and good government , provinces will have defined powers and will be accountable for handling local affairs and social and cultural issues , the United Province of Canada ( as they called it ) , will be split into Quebec and Ontario , a federal government will be composed of two law making houses . These are just five of the important acts used to construct Canada as it is today .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28973cf02c0673e97719b76352442c75",
"text": "Le Granit Regional County Municipality Le Granit ( Granite ) is a regional county municipality in the Estrie region of eastern Quebec , Canada . Located directly south of Quebec City , it borders the region of Chaudière-Appalaches , as well as the US states of New Hampshire and Maine . It is named for its abundance of granite . Created in 1982 , Le Granit 's seat is Lac-Mégantic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b2c6ee95a1b9355f0e1351ceddad7bdc",
"text": "Constitution of Quebec The constitution of Quebec comprises a set of legal rules which fall in either one of the follow categories : The provisions of the Constitution Act , 1867 pertaining to the provinces of Canada in general and Quebec in particular ; The organic laws relative to the distribution of powers of Quebec and the individual rights of persons . These are composed of some fifteen laws , the main ones being An Act respecting the National Assembly , the Executive Power Act , the Election Act , the Referendum Act , the Charter of human rights and freedoms , the Charter of the French language , etc. ; Most of the constitutional conventions concerned with the Crown of Canada , the Executive and the Parliament ; The common law rules on the royal prerogative exercised by the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec ; The case law of the courts of Quebec and the federal courts of Canada ; The Parliament of Quebec has the power to modify certain parts of Quebec 's provincial constitution , while certain other parts can only be modified by going through the process of amending the Constitution of Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11cbe11de22331e5ba5c1a3c653aff81",
"text": "Quebec Group The Quebec Group is a geologic group in Quebec . It preserves fossils dating back to the Silurian period .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0c962320859f73ccfd7a58acd5ad7a1",
"text": "Drummond Regional County Municipality Drummond is a regional county municipality in the Centre-du-Québec region of Quebec , Canada . The seat is Drummondville .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d4489a16f4297b986badab6e719c634",
"text": "Architecture of Quebec City The architecture of Quebec City is characterized by its being one of North America 's oldest cities , founded in 1608 . The original French settlers in the area built in an architectural style similar to the French style . Quebec City was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985 , and is the only remaining fortified city north of Mexico . Quebec City has significant pieces of secular architecture , including hundreds of surviving heritage homes which have been built in the particular style of New France . This style is an adaptation to the colder climes of Quebec of ancient 17th - and 18th-century house forms of Normandy and other traditional lands of the North of France . Quebec City has always been a predominantly Roman Catholic city , with many Catholic churches , notably the Notre-Dame de Québec Cathedral , Notre-Dame-des-Victoires Church and the Basilica of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré in the nearby town of Sainte-Anne-de-Beaupré .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2521fe42607c9875faaa0b92749861b",
"text": "Quebec comics Quebec comics ( bande dessinée québécoise -LSB- bɑ̃d dɛ.si.ne ke.be.kwaz -RSB- or BDQ ) are French language comics produced primarily in the Canadian province of Quebec , and read both within and outside of Canada , particularly in French-speaking Europe . In contrast to English language comics in Canada , which largely follow the American model , Quebec comics are mostly influenced by the trends in Franco-Belgian comics . There is little crossover between the French and English comics worlds in Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c5b9f984be6ff83e6123ad06d5523b4",
"text": "Province of Quebec (1763–1791) The Province of Quebec was a colony in North America created by Great Britain after the Seven Years ' War . Great Britain acquired French Canada by the Treaty of Paris in which ( after a long debate ) France negotiated to keep the small but very rich sugar island of Guadeloupe instead . By Britain 's Royal Proclamation of 1763 , Canada ( part of New France ) was renamed the Province of Quebec . The new British province extended from the coast of Labrador on the Atlantic Ocean , southwest through the Saint Lawrence River Valley to the Great Lakes and beyond to the confluence of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers . Portions of its southwest ( below the Great Lakes ) were later ceded to the United States in a later Treaty of Paris ( 1783 ) at the conclusion of the American Revolution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc9c28f94dd921b1740236db04d600c2",
"text": "Mount Royal, Quebec Mount Royal ( officially , Town of Mount Royal , abbreviated TMR ) is an affluent on-island suburban town located on the northwest side of the eponymous Mount Royal , north of Downtown Montreal , on the Island of Montreal in southwestern Quebec , Canada . It is completely surrounded by Montreal . The population was 19,503 as of the Canada 2011 Census . In 2008 , most of the Town of Mount Royal was designated a National Historic Site of Canada , as a '' -LSB- remarkable -RSB- synthesis of urban renewal movements of the early 20th century , reflecting the influence of the City Beautiful , Garden City and Garden Suburb movements '' . The town celebrated its 100th anniversary in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67ebdd991a3d7be407e368773deedd51",
"text": "History of Quebec Quebec has played a special role in French history ; the modern province occupies much of the land where French settlers founded the colony of Canada ( New France ) in the 17th and 18th centuries . The population is predominantly French-speaking and Roman Catholic , with a large Anglophone minority , augmented in recent years by immigrants from Asia . The political alienation of the Francophones from the Anglophones has been a persistent theme since the late 19th century . Tensions were especially high during the First World War . Historically , British merchants and financiers controlled the economy , and dominated Montreal . The Catholic Church , in close cooperation with the landowners , led a highly traditional social structure in rural and small town Quebec . Much of that changed during the Quiet Revolution of the 1980s . Quebec 's separatists , calling for an independent nation , gained strength , but were narrowly defeated in two referenda . Quebec imposed increasingly stringent laws favouring the French language ; many Anglophones left , as did many of the national and international corporations that had been based in Montreal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3d54585dcf60ddbae11fb08acd66e1cd",
"text": "List of Canadian provinces and territories by population Canada is divided into ten provinces and three territories . The majority of Canada 's population is concentrated in the areas close to the Canada -- US border . Its four largest provinces by area ( Quebec , Ontario , British Columbia and Alberta ) are also ( with Quebec and Ontario switched in order ) its most populous ; together they account for 86 % of the country 's population . The territories ( the Northwest Territories , Nunavut and Yukon ) account for over a third of Canada 's area but are home to only 0.3 % of its population , which skews the national population density value . Canada 's population grew by 5.0 % between the 2006 and 2011 censuses . Except for New Brunswick , all territories and provinces increased in population from 2011 to 2016 . In terms of percent change , the fastest-growing province or territory was Nunavut with an increase of 12.7 % between 2011 and 2016 , followed by Alberta with 11.6 % growth . New Brunswick 's population decreased by 0.5 % between 2011 and 2016 . Canada 's population has increased every year since Confederation in 1867 : see List of population of Canada by years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6d9e24c53535b8d785f7feb564cfa6a",
"text": "Côte-Nord Côte-Nord ( -LSB- kot nɔʁ -RSB- , French for `` North Shore '' , area 247,633.94 km ² ) is the second largest administrative region by land area in Quebec , Canada , after Nord-du-Québec . It covers much of the northern shore of the Saint Lawrence River estuary and the Gulf of Saint Lawrence past Tadoussac . While most of the region is in the same time zone as the rest of Quebec , the far eastern portion east of the 63rd meridian , including half of Anticosti Island , is officially in the Atlantic Time Zone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28445d0b7a18010e7c1d05d4d6c20d3a",
"text": "Provinces and territories of Canada Canada 's geography is divided into administrative divisions known as provinces and territories that are responsible for delivery of sub-national governance . When Canada was formed in 1867 , three provinces of British North America -- New Brunswick , Nova Scotia and the Province of Canada ( which , on the formation of Canada , was divided into Ontario and Quebec ) -- were united to form a federated colony , which eventually became a sovereign nation in the next century . Over its history , Canada 's international borders have changed several times , and the country has grown from the original four provinces to the current ten provinces and three territories . The ten provinces are Alberta , British Columbia , Manitoba , New Brunswick , Newfoundland and Labrador , Nova Scotia , Ontario , Prince Edward Island , Quebec , and Saskatchewan . Several of the provinces were former British colonies , and Quebec was originally a French colony , while others were added as Canada grew . The three territories are Northwest Territories , Nunavut , and Yukon , which govern the rest of the area of the former British North America . Together , the provinces and territories make up the world 's second-largest country by area . The major difference between a Canadian province and a territory is that provinces receive their power and authority from the Constitution Act , 1867 ( formerly called the British North America Act , 1867 ) , whereas territorial governments have powers delegated to them by the Parliament of Canada . The powers flowing from the Constitution Act are divided between the federal government and the provincial governments to exercise exclusively . A change to the division of powers between the federal government and the provinces requires a constitutional amendment , whereas a similar change affecting the territories can be performed unilaterally by the Parliament of Canada or government . In modern Canadian constitutional theory , the provinces are considered to be co-sovereign divisions and each province has its own `` Crown '' represented by the lieutenant governor . The territories are not sovereign , but simply part of the federal realm , and have a commissioner who represents the federal government . __ TOC __",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6094faf473531702432460faf1b99741",
"text": "Old Quebec Old Québec ( Vieux-Québec ) is a historic neighbourhood of Quebec City , Quebec , Canada . Comprising the Upper Town ( Haute-Ville ) and Lower Town ( Basse-Ville ) , the area is a UNESCO World Heritage Site . Administratively , Old Quebec is part of the Vieux-Québec -- Cap-Blanc -- colline Parlementaire district in the borough of La Cité-Limoilou . The area is commonly referred to as `` the Old City '' or `` Québec 's Old City '' in English . It is sometimes referred to as the Latin Quarter ( Quartier latin ) as well , although this title refers more to area around the Séminaire de Québec , the original site of Laval University .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbc979ae14df34c8e9cac1ebd4998465",
"text": "Franco-Newfoundlander Franco-Newfoundlanders , also known as Franco-Terreneuvians in English or Franco-Terreneuviens in French , are francophone and/or French Canadian residents of the Canadian province of Newfoundland and Labrador . The name Franco-Terreneuvian derives from Terre-Neuve , the French name of Newfoundland . The Franco-Newfoundlander community is most prominently associated with the Port au Port area near Stephenville , in communities such as Trois-Cailloux , Cap-Saint-Georges , La Grand ` Terre , L'Anse-aux-Canards and Maisons-d'Hiver . This region is unique as the only area in the province that is officially designated by provincial law as a bilingual district . However , francophone communities are also present throughout the province , particularly in St. John 's , Labrador City and Happy Valley-Goose Bay . Newfoundland and Labrador 's francophone community and its culture derive from a unique mix of influences and immigrants from Quebec , Acadia , St. Pierre and Miquelon , Brittany and the Basque Country , much of it predating Newfoundland 's admission as a Canadian province in 1949 . Some aspects of the community 's unique culture , however , have been lost or threatened as the community became more closely integrated into the mainstream of French Canadian culture and society after 1949 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "098219e38d2ddab724052d0384bee0f0",
"text": "Québec solidaire Québec solidaire ( QS ; -LSB- ke.bɛk sɔ.li.daɛ̯ʁ -RSB- ) is a democratic socialist and sovereigntist political party in Quebec , Canada . The party and media outlets in Canada usually use the name `` Québec solidaire '' in both French and English , but the party 's name is sometimes translated as `` Solidarity Quebec '' or `` Quebec Solidarity '' in foreign English-language media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18f7bf81c6c991165f9143b54e777301",
"text": "Quebec beer Quebec beer is the beer brewed in Quebec , Canada , often with ingredients from Quebec itself and generally following the recipes of the French , Belgian and British brewing traditions . Generally , the beers brewed in Quebec differ from those in the rest of North America because of the relative importance of the French and Belgian traditions alongside that of Great Britain . German-type beers are also produced by some breweries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24f9bea2baea47a59632426eb4e0341b",
"text": "Outaouais Outaouais ( -LSB- utawɛ -RSB- ) ; ( -LSB- uːtəweɪ -RSB- ; also commonly called The Outaouais ) is a region of western Quebec , Canada . It includes the city of Gatineau ( Hull , Aylmer , Gatineau , Masson-Angers , Buckingham ) , the Pontiac region , and the town of Maniwaki , and is located on the north side of the Ottawa River opposite Canada 's capital , Ottawa . It has a land area of 30,760.05 km2 and a 2011 census population of 372,000 inhabitants .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "edc2570f0bfe2ff9b5c7acd6189dc96a",
"text": "Census division Census division is an official term in Canada and the United States . The census divisions of Canada are second-level census geographic unit , below provinces and territories , and above `` census subdivisions '' and `` dissemination areas '' . In provinces where they exist , the census division may correspond to a county , a regional municipality or a regional district . In the United States , the Census Bureau divides the country into four census regions and nine census divisions . The bureau also divides counties ( or county equivalents ) into either census county divisions or minor civil division , depending on the state . The American state of Alaska does not include counties , instead being divided into 19 boroughs and 10 census divisions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0e5a7477af3134b842a24c99ef65877",
"text": "List of senators in the 37th Parliament of Canada This is a list of members of the Canadian Senate in the 37th Parliament of Canada . The province of Quebec has 24 Senate divisions which are constitutionally mandated . In all other provinces , a Senate division is strictly an optional designation of the senator 's own choosing , and has no real constitutional or legal standing . A senator who does not choose a special senate division is designated a senator for the province at large . Names in bold indicate senators in the 26th or 27th Canadian Ministry .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
217f462075917696b1bb6164bee94c07 | Hungary was founded during the conquest of the Carpathian Basin. | [
{
"docid": "e6671544a202610ca7d0cd9bc00a0733",
"text": "Hungary Hungary ( -LSB- ˈhʌŋɡəri -RSB- Magyarország -LSB- ˈmɒɟɒrorsaːɡ -RSB- ) is a unitary parliamentary republic in Central Europe . It covers an area of 93,030 km2 , situated in the Carpathian Basin , and is bordered by Slovakia to the north , Romania to the east , Serbia to the south , Croatia to the southwest , Slovenia to the west , Austria to the northwest , and Ukraine to the northeast . With about 10 million inhabitants , Hungary is a medium-sized member state of the European Union . The official language is Hungarian , which is the most widely spoken non-Indo-European language in Europe . Hungary 's capital and largest metropolis is Budapest , a significant economic hub , classified as a global city . Major urban areas include Debrecen , Szeged , Miskolc , Pécs and Győr . Following centuries of successive habitation by Celts , Romans , Slavs , Gepids and Avars , the foundation of Hungary was laid in the late 9th century by the Hungarian grand prince Árpád in the conquest of the Carpathian Basin . His great-grandson Stephen I ascended to the throne in 1000 , converting the country to a Christian kingdom . By the 12th century , Hungary became a middle power within the Western world , reaching a golden age by the 15th century . Following the Battle of Mohács in 1526 and about 150 years of partial Ottoman occupation ( 1541 -- 1699 ) , Hungary came under Habsburg rule , and later formed the great power Austro -- Hungarian Empire together with Austria . Hungary 's current borders were established in 1920 by the Treaty of Trianon after World War I , when the country lost 71 % of its territory , 58 % of its population , and 32 % of ethnic Hungarians . Following the interwar period , Hungary joined the Axis Powers in World War II , suffering significant damage and casualties . Hungary became a satellite state of the Soviet Union , which contributed to the establishment of a four-decade-long communist dictatorship ( 1947 -- 1989 ) . The country gained widespread international attention regarding the Revolution of 1956 and the seminal opening of its previously-restricted border with Austria in 1989 , which accelerated the collapse of the Eastern Bloc . On 23 October 1989 , Hungary again became a democratic parliamentary republic . In the 21st century , Hungary is a middle power and has the world 's 57th largest economy by nominal GDP , as well as the 58th largest by PPP , out of 188 countries measured by the IMF . As a substantial actor in several industrial and technological sectors , it is both the world 's 36th largest exporter and importer of goods . Hungary is a high-income economy with a very high standard of living . It keeps up a social security and universal health care system , and a tuition-free university education . Hungary performs well in international rankings : it is 20th in quality of life , 25th in inequality-adjusted human development , 32nd in the Social Progress Index , and ranks as the 19th safest country in the world . Hungary joined the European Union in 2004 and has been part of the Schengen Area since 2007 . Hungary is a member of the United Nations , NATO , WTO , World Bank , the AIIB , the Council of Europe and Visegrád Group . Well known for its rich cultural history , Hungary has contributed significantly to arts , music , literature , sports and science and technology . Hungary is the 11th most popular country as a tourist destination in Europe , attracting 14.3 million international tourists in 2015 . It is home to the largest thermal water cave system , the second largest thermal lake in the world , the largest lake in Central Europe , and the largest natural grasslands in Europe .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5c958feb43222f57a6b060b62312acd1",
"text": "Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301) The Kingdom of Hungary came into existence in Central Europe when Stephen I , Grand Prince of the Hungarians , was crowned king in 1000 or 1001 . He reinforced central authority and forced his subjects to accept Christianity . Although written sources emphasize the role played by German and Italian knights and clerics in the process , a significant part of the Hungarian vocabulary for agriculture , religion and state was taken from Slavic languages . Civil wars and pagan uprisings , along with attempts by the Holy Roman Emperors to expand their authority over Hungary , jeopardized the new monarchy . The monarchy stabilized during the reigns of Ladislaus I ( 1077 -- 1095 ) and Coloman ( 1095 -- 1116 ) . These rulers occupied Croatia and Dalmatia with the support of a part of the local population . Both realms retained their autonomous position . The successors of Ladislaus and Coloman -- especially Béla II ( 1131 -- 1141 ) , Béla III ( 1176 -- 1196 ) , Andrew II ( 1205 -- 1235 ) , and Béla IV ( 1235 -- 1270 ) -- continued this policy of expansion towards the Balkan Peninsula and the lands east of the Carpathian Mountains , transforming their kingdom into one of the major powers of medieval Europe . Rich in uncultivated lands , silver , gold , and salt deposits , Hungary became the preferred destination of mainly German , Italian and French colonists . These immigrants were mostly peasants who settled in villages , but craftsmen and merchants also came . Their arrival had a key role in the shaping of an urban lifestyle , habits and culture in medieval Hungary . The location of the kingdom at the crossroads of international trade routes favored the coexistence of several cultures . Romanesque , Gothic and Renaissance buildings and literary works written in Latin prove the predominantly Roman Catholic character of the culture , but Orthodox , and even non-Christian ethnic minority communities also existed . Latin was the language of legislation , administration and judiciary , but `` linguistic pluralism '' contributed to the survival of many tongues , including a great variety of Slavic dialects . The predominance of royal estates initially assured the sovereign 's preeminent position , but the alienation of royal lands gave rise to the emergence of a self-conscious group of lesser landholders , known as `` royal servants '' . They forced Andrew II to issue his Golden Bull of 1222 , `` one of first examples of constitutional limits being placed on the powers of a European monarch '' ( Francis Fukuyama ) . The kingdom received a major blow from the Mongol invasion of 1241 -- 42 . Thereafter , Cuman and Jassic groups settled in the central lowlands , and colonists arrived from Moravia , Poland and other nearby countries . The erection of fortresses by landlords , promoted by the monarchs after the withdrawal of the Mongols , led to the development of semi-autonomous `` provinces '' dominated by powerful magnates . Some of these magnates even challenged the authority of Andrew III ( 1290 -- 1301 ) , the last male descendant of the native Árpád dynasty . His death was followed by a period of interregnum and anarchy . Central power was re-established only in the early 1320s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "69f1e40858e262e507ce5aa04382e0fa",
"text": "Historical regions of Romania The historical regions of Romania are located in Southeastern Europe . Romania came into being through the unification of two principalities , Wallachia and Moldavia in 1862 . The new unitary state extended over further regions at various times during the late 19th and 20th centuries , including Dobruja in 1878 , and Transylvania in 1918 . That are part of Romania today : Wallachia : Muntenia ( Greater Wallachia ) : part of Wallachia ( which united with Moldavia in 1859 to create modern Romania ) ; Oltenia ( Lesser Wallachia ) : the territory between the rivers Danube and Olt and the Southern Carpathian became part of the Principality of Wallachia in the early 14th century . Moldavia : Western Moldavia : part of Moldavia ( which united with Wallachia in 1859 to create modern Romania ) ; Bukovina : in Romania between 1918 and World War II , today divided between Romania and Ukraine ; Dobruja : Northern Dobruja : in Romania since 1878 ( excepting some Danubian islands and the Snake Island which were incorporated in the USSR in 1948 , and became part of Ukraine since 1991 ) ; Wallachia , western Moldavia , and Dobruja are sometimes referred collectively as the Regat ( The Kingdom ) , as they formed the Romanian `` Old '' Kingdom before World War I. Transylvania ( the term sometimes encompasses not only Transylvania proper , but also the historical regions of Crișana , Maramureș , and Romanian part of Banat . The final border arrangement were set by the Treaty of Trianon in 1920 ) : Transylvania proper : following the declaration of the union with Romania in 1918 ; Banat : since 1918 divided between Romania , Serbia and Hungary ; Crișana : the region bordered by the rivers Mureș and Someș and the Apuseni Mountains became part of Romania in 1918 . Maramureș : the mountainous northwestern region became part of Romania in 1918 . Transylvania is divided into several ethnographic regions . That were part of Romania in the past : Bessarabia : The region was part of Romania from 1918 to 1940 when it got occupied by the Soviets . Romania managed to annex it again , but lost it after World War 2 . Northern Bukovina : The region was part of Romania from 1918 to 1940 when it got occupied by the Soviets . Romania managed to annex it again , but lost it after World War 2 . Hertza region : Was part of Romania from 1859 to 1940 . Romania managed to annex it again , but lost it after the Second World War . Southern Dobruja : Was annexed from Bulgaria in 1913 , after the Second Balkan War . It became Bulgarian again after 1940 . Transnistria Governorate : It was part of Romania from 1941 to 1944 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f9f29a6b40c90b9882d601069237c154",
"text": "Pentapolitana Pentapolitana ( or rarely Pentapolis ) was a league of towns in the Middle Ages of the five most important Hungarian royal free cities ( Latin : libera regiae civitas , Hungarian : szabad királyi város , German : Königliche Freistadt ; Slovak : slobodné kráľovské mesto ) of the Kingdom of Hungary ; Kassa ( today Košice ) , Bártfa ( Bardejov ) , Lőcse ( Levoča ) , Eperjes ( Prešov ) , and Kisszeben ( Sabinov ) . The cities are currently in eastern Slovakia . The first meeting of the representatives of the towns in question took place in 1412 . The actual alliance arose between 1440 and 1445 . The main role of the Pentapolitana was to control and to develop trade as there were important ancient trade routes in the region of the north-eastern part of the Kingdom of Hungary , present-day eastern Slovakia . The leading town of the Pentapolitana was Košice . In 1549 , i.e. during the Reformation period , the Pentapolitana created its own Lutheran confession , the Confessio Pentapolitana . Category : Slovakia in the Kingdom of Hungary Category : Medieval Slovakia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6810a90f9f43acd53a024653d074bd4b",
"text": "Gesta Hungarorum Gesta Hungarorum may also refer to Gesta Hunnorum et Hungarorum , written by Simon of Kéza . Gesta Hungarorum , or The Deeds of the Hungarians , is the first extant Hungarian chronicle . It was written by an unidentified author who has traditionally been called Anonymus in scholarly works . According to most historians , the work was completed between around 1200 and 1230 . The Gesta exists in a sole manuscript from the second part of the 13th century , which was for centuries held in Vienna . It is part of the collection of Széchényi National Library in Budapest . The principal subject of the Gesta is the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries , and it also writes of the origin of the Hungarians , identifying the Hungarians ' ancestors with the ancient Scythians . Many of its sources -- including the Bible , Isidore of Seville 's Etymologiae , the 7th-century Exordia Scythica , the late 9th-century Regino of Prüm 's Chronicon , and early medieval romances of Alexander the Great -- have been identified by scholars , and Anonymus also utilized folk songs and ballads when writing his work . He also knew a version of the late 11th-century `` Hungarian Chronicle '' the text of which has partially been preserved in his work and in later chronicles , but his narration of the Hungarian Conquest differs from the version provided by the other chronicles . Anonymus did not mention the opponents of the conquering Hungarians known from sources written around 900 , but he wrote of the Hungarians ' fight against rulers unknown from other sources . According to a scholarly theory , he used place names when naming the opponents of the Hungarians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6fcdc77a786a7ce44d3d1291bc8012d7",
"text": "Castles and Fortresses of Western Ukraine (Book) The book Castles and Fortresses of Western Ukraine was written by a Lviv historian Orestes Matsyuk , who spent more than 30 years of his life studying the castles and fortress of Ukraine . His aim when writing the novel was to make a complete brochure of all of Ukraine 's ancient castles . He recorded more than 5000 objects when making the book . The system of his work was to identify the news writes up of the archival building and printed sources , the gathering of old plans , photos , drawings , the installations of expeditionary field survey of current state of photographic images sights , which produces graphic reconstructions of monuments and prepared the printed catalogue . The purpose of this popular book is to serve as a guidebook into history for tourists , lovers and collectors of antiques . It contains all the necessary information about the tourist attractions which are arranged in accordance with the proposed seven bus routes which covered Ivano-Frankivsk , Ternopil , Lviv , regions and other small areas that is adjacent to ( Dubno , Ostrog , Kamenetz-Podolsk , Hawtin ) , where one can visit . The interested reader can get acquainted with the famous monasteries , castles , churches , cathedrals and our ancient monuments . Page one of this book contains the mapping scheme of each route . The book is richly described with hundreds of unique black and white pictures ( the photograph are commonly old destroyed buildings ) and the images of reconstructed monuments . The best quality of image is used , which is only possible with an offset printing on plain paper . They are lists of recommended books , name and geographical indexes at the end of the book , which makes it a lot easier to navigate through the content . One of the most intriguing slogans of the western Ukrainian fortress and castles stated that , `` it is impossible to be successful in the future with a clean slate in the past '' . The ancient castles had guardians of our history which were subjected to human impact and natural changes . Most of these castles and fortresses are still in good condition , while some are also ruin . There are around 20 functional monuments structure of kievan Rus and about 5000 castles . All the fortress and castle in Ukraine kept the legendary and romantics stories , detailed information about the beautiful princess , Cossacks , knights , magnates and the fingerprints culture of Poland , Russia Lithuania , Austria-Hungary , and Turkey `` movies stars '' , movies directors and producers were also retained .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a7465e2bee2e18d48a16da20163928ea",
"text": "Roman heritage in Serbia The territory of what is today the Republic of Serbia was under Roman ( and later Byzantine ) rule for about 600 years , from the 1st century BC until the Slavic invasions of the 6th century . It was administratively divided into Moesia ( later Moesia Superior , corresponding to Serbia proper , Pannonia ( later Pannonia Inferior ) and Dardania ( corresponding to eastern and western Serbia proper , respectively ) ) . The Danube River influenced the extension of the Roman Empire , and its confluents , such as Sava and Morava , affected the growth of frontier fortresses and towns , whose remains present the extent of the Roman Empire with architecture that presents the crown of Roman culture . Many authors and explorers wrote about traces of the Roman Empire on the Danube coast . One of the localities , Felix Romuliana , was ranked on the list of cultural heritage of UNESCO in July 2007 . The location has been invaded by many peoples over the centuries . The northern Serbian city of Sirmium ( Sremska Mitrovica ) was among the top 4 cities of the late Roman Empire , serving as its capital during the Tetrarchy . Contemporary Serbia comprises the classical regions of Moesia , Pannonia , parts of Dalmatia , Dacia and Macedonia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "226ce952878ae976abd2cb4a71c3af55",
"text": "Hungarian National Party (Czechoslovakia) Hungarian National Party ( Magyar Nemzeti Párt , MNP , Maďarská národní strana , Maďarská národná strana ) was one of political parties of ethnic Hungarians in the First Republic of Czechoslovakia . The party was founded in February 1920 in Komárno as party of smallholders , under name Országos Magyar Kisgazda és Földműves Párt . From May 1925 it used name Országos Magyar Kisgazda , Földműves és Kisiparos Párt often abbreviated as Magyar Kisgazda Párt ( Hungarian Party of Smallholders ) . In 1925 the name was changed to Magyar Nemzeti Párt . On June 21 , 1936 the party merged with Országos Keresztényszocialista Párt ( OKSZP , Provincial Christian-Socialist Party ) , another large Hungarian party into Egyesült Magyar Párt ( EMP , United Hungarian Party ) led by János Esterházy as national executive chairman ( until then leader of OKSZP ) and Andor Jaross as national chairman . The main objective of the party was initially an autonomy for ethnically Hungarian parts in Slovakia . This stance was later revised , and the party advocated a revision of the Trianon Treaty . In the economic sphere , the party advocated free market and called for government support for smallholders and peasants . After establishment of Slovak State ( 1939 ) which had about 65,000 ethnic Hungarians the party ( under name Szlovenskói Magyar Párt , Hungarian Party in Slovakia ) remained as one of few allowed political parties ( the others being Hlinka 's Slovak People 's Party and Deutsche Partei of ethnic Germans in Slovakia ) . During Slovak National Uprising ( 1944 ) the party was banned on the area controlled by insurgents . The ban was reconfirmed after the end of World War II .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c45d2e2382617ccd739e67f89f2e0d55",
"text": "Spring Campaign The Spring Campaign ( tavaszi hadjárat ) , named also the Glorious Spring Campaign ( dicsőséges tavaszi hadjárat ) is the military campaign of the Hungarian Revolutionary Army against the forces of the Habsburg Empire in Middle and Western Hungary during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 between 2 April and 21 May 1849 , which resulted in the liberation of almost the whole territory of Hungary from the Habsburg forces . The spring campaign 's commander-in-chief was General Artúr Görgey , whose army ( 47 500 men , 198 cannons ) defeated the numerically , technologically and tactically superior ( 55 000 soldiers and 214 cannons and rockets ) imperial armies led by Alfred I , Prince of Windisch-Grätz and after his dismiss , Ludwig von Welden , in a series of victories . The Hungarians won the battles of Hatvan ( 2d of April ) , Tápióbicske ( 4th of April ) , Isaszeg ( 6th of April ) , Vác ( 10th of April ) , Nagysalló ( 19th of April ) , in 26 April relieved the fortress of Komárom from a long Austrian siege , than at 21 May 1849 liberated the Castle of Buda , concluding the Spring Campaign . On the other theaters of operations , the Hungarians also scored victories against the enemies of the revolution . In Transylvania , the Hungarian army led by Józef Bem , after the victory against the Austro-Russian forces in the Battle of Nagyszeben , liberated most of the provinces territory ( excepting the fortresses of Gyulafehérvár , Déva , with imperial garrison and the Erdélyi-középhegység mountains , held by the Romanian insurgents ) . In southern Hungary the Hungarians led by Mór Perczel and Józef Bem defeated the Serbian insurgents and Austrian troops , liberating the provinces of Bácska and Bánság , except the fortress of Temesvár and Titel . In southern Dunántúl , the popular uprising led by Gáspár Noszlopy , also led to the liberation of this region from imperial occupation . During the Spring Campaign , the Hungarians liberated much of their country from the Habsburg rule . The Habsburg armies and their allies , besides the fortresses and mountains mentioned above , remained only in the Westernmost territory strip of Hungary , Croatia and the fortress of Arad . Also the result of the victories of the Spring Campaign was the Hungarian Declaration of Independence on 14th of April 1849 , resulting the Hungarian total independence for some months before the Russian intervention brought the defeat , in the Summer Campaign of the Hungarian revolution and liberty .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d5efa25b57423079e331a0dd43f5807",
"text": "Hungarian campaign of 1527–1528 The Hungarian campaign of 1527 -- 1528 was launched by Ferdinand I , Archduke of Austria and King of Hungary and Bohemia against the Ottoman Turks . Following the Battle of Mohács , the Ottomans were forced to withdraw as events elsewhere in their now massive Empire required the Sultan 's attention . Seizing upon their absence , Ferdinand I attempted to enforce his claim as King of Hungary . In 1527 he drove back the Ottoman vassal John Zápolya and captured Buda , Győr , Komárno , Esztergom , and Székesfehérvár by 1528 . Meanwhile , the Ottoman Sultan , Suleiman the Magnificent , took no action at this stage despite the pleas of his vassal .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9df2a906a5bc6560c2d5ba287b70feea",
"text": "Magyar Cserkészszövetség Magyar Cserkészszövetség ( Hungarian Scout Association ) , the primary national Scouting organization of Hungary , was founded in 1912 , and became a member of the World Organization of the Scout Movement in 1922 and again after the rebirth of Scouting in the country in 1990 . The coeducational Magyar Cserkészszövetség had 8,145 members in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8af07ce7d7957afa4d7604bc9b61a830",
"text": "Prykarpattia Prykarpattia ( Пpикapпaття literally means `` Ciscarpathia '' ) is the Ukrainian geographical term for the Subcarpathian historical region of Central Europe , at the foot of the Carpathian mountains , in modern Ukraine , consisting of today 's Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast ( Івано-Франківська область , translit . Ivano-Frankivs ' ka oblast ' ) . It forms part of the larger historic region of Galicia , was the main body of the historic region of eastern Halychyna ; which in the 13th century was a part of the Kingdom of Rus and the Halych-Volyn Principality ( see Kingdom of Galicia -- Volhynia ) . Along with the Lviv and Ternopil regions Prykarpattia is a component of the Carpathian Euroregion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05050753a201615cf8ee5d658a0d5b5b",
"text": "Kiskunság Kiskunság ( Cumania Minor ) is a historical and geographical region in Hungary situated in the current between Kalocsa and Szeged . Its territory is 2,423 km ² . Like other historical European regions called Cumania , it is named for the Cumans , a historically very significant nomadic tribe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7d6024c130e7da1f0b8113811921dea",
"text": "Győr County Győr county ( in Hungarian : Győr ( vár ) megye ) was an administrative county ( comitatus ) of the Kingdom of Hungary , it 's territory covered present-day north-western Hungary ( 95 % ) and south-western Slovakia ( about 5 % ) , mostly on the right ( south ) side of the Danube river . The capital of the county was the city of Győr .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f27a2716b88ce3b69b58c11311a76f5",
"text": "Imre Mikó Count Imre Mikó de Hidvég ( 4 September 1805 -- 16 September 1876 ) was a Hungarian statesman , politician , economist , historian and patron from Transylvania , who served as Minister of Public Works and Transport between 1867 and 1870 . He was one of the liberal-oriented , prominent figures of the politics of Transylvania in the 19th century . He functioned as Governor of Transylvania twice ( 1848 and 1860 -- 1861 ) . He worked tirelessly for the rise of his home in economic , cultural and scientific areas , earning the honorary title of `` Széchenyi of Transylvania '' . He started his political career as an official of the Gubernium ( the Government of Transylvania ) in 1826 , and reached the position of Treasurer in 1847 , at the same time he became a leading figure of the liberal opposition in Transylvania . He was appointed interim then actual Governor during the Hungarian Revolution of 1848 . He presided the Székely National Assembly in Agyagfalva ( today : Lutița , Romania ) , which supported the Hungarian War of Independence . After defeat of the uprising , he retired from the politics for a time as a follower of the Passive Resistance . He only devoted his life for the ascension of the economical and cultural life of Transylvania until the 1860s . He participated in the foundations of Transylvanian Economical Association ( 1854 ) and Transylvanian Museum Society ( 1859 ) . Besides these he had also important role in the establishment of the Franz Joseph University at Kolozsvár ( today : Cluj-Napoca , Romania ) in 1872 . He sponsored the National Theatre of Kolozsvár , encouraged the emergence of modern education and agriculture and actively took part in the cases of Calvinist Diocese of Transylvania . He edited and published the three volumes of Erdélyi történelmi adatok ( `` Historical data handbook of Transylvania '' ) , with this he created an essential forum of the Transylvanian historiography as an organizer of science , but he himself also wrote historical studies . He politicized since the 1860s again , firstly as Governor of Transylvania , later as Member of Parliament for Kolozsvár in the National Assembly of 1865 . He served as Minister of Public Works and Transport in the Cabinet of Gyula Andrássy , the first government of Hungary after the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 . He was associated with the construction of railway between Hungary and Transylvania , as well as the foundation of the state railway company , the predecessor of today 's Hungarian State Railways ( Magyar Államvasutak -- MÁV ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d0ab00d9f03098f15f378b21b0a27492",
"text": "Árpád Árpád ( -LSB- ˈaːrpaːd -RSB- ; 845 -- 907 ) was the head of the confederation of the Hungarian tribes at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries . He might have been either the sacred ruler or kende of the Hungarians , or their military leader or gyula , although most details of his life are debated by historians , because different sources contain contradictory information . Despite this , many Hungarians refer to him as the `` founder of our country '' , and Árpád 's preeminent role in the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin has been emphasized by some later chronicles . The dynasty descending from Árpád ruled the Kingdom of Hungary until 1301 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "21f35afaf1a99f992c0ebe839cf0b8c4",
"text": "Divisions of the Carpathians Divisions of the Carpathians are categorization of the Carpathian mountains system . Below is a detailed overview of the major subdivisions and ranges of the Carpathian Mountains . The Carpathians are a `` subsystem '' of a bigger Alps-Himalaya System that stretches from the western Europe all the way to southern Asia , and are further divided into `` provinces '' and `` subprovinces '' . The last level of the division , i.e. the actual mountain ranges and basins , is usually classified as `` units '' . The main divisions are shown in the map on the right . To generalize , there are three major provinces ( regions ) : Western Carpathians , Eastern Carpathians , and Southern Carpathians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fa96ab8076376644e06307f8c371184f",
"text": "History of the Hungarian language Hungarian is a Uralic language of the Ugric group . It has been spoken in the region of modern-day Hungary since the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin in the late 9th century . The predecessor language of Hungarian separated from the Ob-Ugric languages , probably still during the Bronze Age . There is no attestation for a period of close to two millennia . Old Hungarian is attested fragmentarily in epigraphy in the Old Hungarian script beginning in the 10th century , and isolated Hungarian words are attested in manuscript tradition from the turn of the 11th century . The oldest surviving coherent text in Old Hungarian is the Funeral Sermon and Prayer , dated to 1192 . The Old Hungarian period is by convention taken to cover Medieval Hungary , from the invasion of Pannonia in AD 896 , to the collapse of the Kingdom of Hungary following the Battle of Mohács of 1526 . A Middle Hungarian phase is by convention taken to last from 1526 to 1772 , i.e. from the first books printed in Hungarian to the Age of Enlightenment , which prompted language reforms that resulted in the modern literary Hungarian language . Historic proceedings The happenings of the 1530s and 1540s brought a new situation to the country : the time of Humanism -- which only a few decades earlier , under Matthias of Hungary flourished -- was over ; the population , both in villages and towns , was terrorized by Ottoman raids ; the majority of the country was lost ; and the remainder began to feel the problems of the new Habsburg rule . This predicament caused backwardness in the cultural life as well . However , Hungary , with the previously listed great territorial and human losses , soon entered into a new cultural era , the Protestant Reformation . This religious movement heartened many authors to find new ways . Cultural life was primarily based in Trasylvania , but Royal Hungary also saw the rebirth of the Hungarian culture . The first printed Hungarian book was printed in Cracow , Poland , in 1533 . It is a partial Bible-translation , containing the letters of Saint Paul . The translation was done by Benedek Komjáti . The New Testament 's first printed edition was published by János Sylvester ( 1541 ) . He also composed the first scientific analysis of the Hungarian language , in 1539 -- his work 's title is `` Grammatica Hungarolatina '' . Like Komjáti , Sylvester printed his works in Cracow . The previous publications , however , were not Protestant in their sense ; the first directly reformed Hungarian book was Imre Ozorai 's `` Argument '' , published in Cracow first in 1535 and second in 1546 . Among other works , Aesop 's Fables -- a collection of moral short stories -- were first translated into Hungarian by Gábor Pesti -LSB- 1 -RSB- ( 1536 ) . These are the first denoted Hungarian short stories . The first attempt to standardize Hungarian was done by Mátyás Bíró Dévai . He proposed a logical and feasible orthography to the language . His book , called `` Orthographia '' , is known from its second edition , printed in 1549 . Bálint Balassa",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbf15a1082372db4a59f7331f6f5c595",
"text": "Szabolcs (name) Szabolcs -LSB- IPA | ˈsɒbolʧ -RSB- is an ancient Hungarian name , probably of Hungarian or Hunnic origin . It is not known where the name derives from . The name is still very popular , its namesday is July 28 . Szabolcs was also the name of one of the leaders of the Magyars , the nephew of Árpád . He is also said to have been the second great leader of the Magyars . His power center was the now unimportant village Szabolcs , where earthen ramparts from this age have been excavated . His people settled in the area known as Szabolcs county . Some of the oldest attestations of the name are to be found in the founding charter of the Dömös abbey ( A dömösi prépostság adománylevele ) ( 1138/1329 ) : sobolci and in Anonymus ' Gesta Hungarorum : zobolchu ( 12th/13th century ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c788a98af969cb8f6a61459072168c63",
"text": "Czech lands The Czech lands or the Bohemian lands ( České země ) are the three historical regions of Bohemia , Moravia , and Czech Silesia . Together the three have formed the Czech Republic since 1 January 1993 . In a historical context , Czech texts use the term to refer to any territory ruled by the Kings of Bohemia , i.e. , the lands of the Bohemian Crown ( země Koruny české ) as established by Emperor Charles IV in the 14th century . This would include territories like the Lusatias ( which in 1635 fell to Saxony ) and the whole of Silesia , all ruled from Prague Castle at that time . After the conquest of Silesia by the Prussian king Frederick the Great in 1742 , the remaining lands of the Bohemian Crown -- Bohemia , Moravia and Austrian Silesia -- have been more or less co-extensive with the territory of the modern-day Czech Republic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0b33c8f91af82ae3c2732ab5c9a1da35",
"text": "Hydrology of Hungary The hydrology of Hungary is mostly determined by Hungary 's lying in the middle of the Carpathian Basin , half surrounded by the Carpathian Mountains . All parts of the country have some outflow . All surface water gravitates towards its southern centre , and from there , is united in the Danube , which flows into the Black Sea . The whole of Hungary lies within the Danube drainage basin . The total length of all the irrigation systems and inland waterways in the country is about 26000 km . The annual water balance of the country shows a surplus . Yearly about 100 km3 of water leaves the country towards the Black Sea . From that , precipitation amounts for only 10 % , the rest being provided by the incoming rivers of surrounding countries .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
96f674418ed992d9952d8a4be004ba1d | Ethiopia is located on Earth. | [
{
"docid": "ad554c24cfffe960451bcc5954c5076f",
"text": "Ethiopia Ethiopia ( -LSB- ˌiːθiˈoʊpiə -RSB- ኢትዮጵያ , , ) , officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ( የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ , yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk ) , is a country located in the Horn of Africa . It shares borders with Eritrea to the north and northeast , Djibouti and Somalia to the east , Sudan and South Sudan to the west , and Kenya to the south . With over 100 million inhabitants , Ethiopia is the most populous landlocked country in the world , as well as the second-most populous nation on the African continent after Nigeria . It occupies a total area of 1,100,000 km2 , and its capital and largest city is Addis Ababa . Some of the oldest evidence for anatomically modern humans has been found in Ethiopia . It is widely considered as the region from which modern humans first set out for the Middle East and places beyond . According to linguists , the first Afroasiatic-speaking populations settled in the Horn region during the ensuing Neolithic era . Tracing its roots to the 2nd millennium BC , Ethiopia was a monarchy for most of its history . During the first centuries AD , the Kingdom of Aksum maintained a unified civilization in the region , followed by the Ethiopian Empire circa 1137 . Ethiopia derived prestige with its uniquely successful military resistance during the late 19th-century Scramble for Africa , becoming the only African country to defeat a European colonial power and retain its sovereignty . Subsequently , many African nations adopted the colors of Ethiopia 's flag following their independence . It was the first independent African member of the 20th-century League of Nations and the United Nations . In 1974 , at the end of Haile Selassie 's reign , power fell to a communist military dictatorship known as the Derg , backed by the Soviet Union , until it was defeated by the Ethiopian People 's Revolutionary Democratic Front , which has ruled since about the time of the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 . Ethiopia 's ancient Ge'ez script , also known as Ethiopic , is one of the oldest alphabets still in use in the world . The Ethiopian calendar , which is approximately seven years and three months behind the Gregorian calendar , co-exists alongside the Borana calendar . A majority of the population adheres to Christianity ( mainly the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church and P'ent ` ay ) , while around a third follows Islam ( primarily Sunni Islam ) . The country is the site of the Migration to Abyssinia and the oldest Muslim settlement in Africa at Negash . A substantial population of Ethiopian Jews , known as Bete Israel , resided in Ethiopia until the 1980s , but most of them have since emigrated to Israel . Ethiopia is a multilingual nation with around 80 ethnolinguistic groups , the four largest of which are the Oromiffa , Amhara , Somali , and Tigrayans . Most people in the country speak Afroasiatic languages of the Cushitic or Semitic branches . Additionally , Omotic languages are spoken by ethnic minority groups inhabiting the southern regions . Nilo-Saharan languages are also spoken by the nation 's Nilotic ethnic minorities . Ethiopia is the place of origin for the coffee bean which originated from the place called Kefa ( which was one of the 14 provinces in the old Ethiopian administration ) . It is a land of natural contrasts , with its vast fertile West , jungles , and numerous rivers , and the world 's hottest settlement of Dallol in its north . The Ethiopian Highlands are Africa 's largest continuous mountain ranges , and Sof Omar Caves contain Africa 's largest cave . Ethiopia has the most UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Africa . Ethiopia is one of the founding members of the UN , the Group of 24 ( G-24 ) , the Non-Aligned Movement , G-77 and the Organisation of African Unity . Ethiopia 's capital city Addis Ababa serves as the headquarters of the African Union , the Pan African Chamber of Commerce and Industry , the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa , African Aviation Training HQ , the African Standby Force , and many of the global NGOs focused on Africa . In the 1970s and 1980s , Ethiopia suffered from civil wars and communist purges which devastated its economy . The country has begun to recover recently however , and now has the largest economy ( by GDP ) in East Africa and Central Africa . According to Global Fire Power , Ethiopia has the 42nd most powerful military in the world , and the third most powerful in Africa .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d776ecb46263f82d44a5964cd547b5ba",
"text": "Lake Bario Lake Bario is one of a chain of lakes into which the Awash River empties its waters . It is located at the eastern end of the Afar Region of Ethiopia , at . Lake Bario lies in the middle of a swamp , through which it receives its inflow from Lake Afambo to the northeast . Its outflow is on its southern side , which circles around Mount Dama Ali to empty into Lake Abbe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a13defd949ee7d6f729fd15723c2546b",
"text": "People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia The People 's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ( PDRE ) was the official name of Ethiopia from 1987 to 1991 , as established by the Communist government of Mengistu Haile Mariam and the Workers ' Party of Ethiopia ( WPE ) . Its creation led to the dissolution of the Derg , the military junta formerly in charge of the country . A Marxist-Leninist one-party state with the WPE as supreme authority took its place , though the WPE 's leadership was dominated by the surviving members of the Derg . After five years of preparation , a socialist state was officially proclaimed in 1984 , and the WPE was formed as the country 's only legal party . It was a Marxist-Leninist vanguard party modeled on its counterparts in Europe . The PDRE officially came into existence on 22 February 1987 , three weeks after the national referendum that approved the 1987 constitution , although the Derg remained in power as late as September , long after the 14 June general election that elected the members of the National Shengo ( the legislature ) . The WPE was officially granted a monopoly of power as the `` leading force in the state and society . '' The government was highly centralized and for all intents and purposes acted as merely a transmission belt for the party . Throughout the PDRE 's brief life , its authority was challenged not only by armed militants in Eritrea , which had been annexed to Ethiopia several decades earlier , but also by internal resistance groups , foremost of which was the Tigrayan Peoples ' Liberation Front . The PDRE came to an end in May 1991 , when Mengistu fled Ethiopia and military units of the Ethiopian People 's Revolutionary Democratic Front entered Addis Ababa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27cf620b73eea78f5ea18d3c1107f116",
"text": "Welayta people Wolayta ( also spelled Wolaitta ) ( Ethiopic : ወላይታ Wolaytta ) is the name of an ethnic group and its former kingdom , located in southern Ethiopia . According to the most recent census ( 2007 ) , the people of Wolayta number 1.7 million , or 2.31 percent of the country 's population , of whom 289,707 are city-dwellers . The language of the Wolayta people , similarly called Wolaytta , belongs to the Omotic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family . Despite their small population , Wolayta people have widely influenced national music , dance and cuisine in Ethiopia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c9b2968c98167cba6a466800ceab7b5",
"text": "Water conflict between Ethiopia and Kenya The water conflict between Ethiopia and Kenya is a development dispute due to the receding water resource along the border between Ethiopia and Kenya .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebbc23aa2ff1a869e12674230bb61ae3",
"text": "Lake Langano Langano ( Amharic : ላንጋኖ ) is a lake in the Oromia Region of Ethiopia , exactly 200 kilometers by road south of the capital , Addis Ababa , on the border between the Misraq Shewa and Arsi Zones . The first European to record its existence , Oscar Neumann , records that it was also known as `` Lake Kore '' . It is located to the east of Lake Abijatta in the Main Ethiopian Rift at an elevation of 1,585 meters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad098bcb47c93ff91861b7f764fed759",
"text": "Sagan, Ethiopia Sagan is a town in southern Ethiopia . Located in the Southern Nations , Nationalities , and Peoples Region , this town has a latitude and longitude of with an elevation of 1066 meters above sea level . It is named after the nearby Sagan River , a tributary of the Weito . An elementary school building was constructed in Sagan with assistance from Sweden through ESBU . The school was opened in 1966",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "113b3aac6c1602075b8a51534c77c683",
"text": "2013 in Ethiopia",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "823680a0289964f9e1f243abc345c98f",
"text": "Ethiopia–Serbia relations Ethiopia -- Serbia relations are bilateral ties between Ethiopia and Serbia . Since the time of former Yugoslavia , relations between the two nations have been warm . Both Ethiopia and Serbia are majority Orthodox Christian nations . Ethiopia is one of Serbia 's strongest advocates in Africa when it comes to their position on the recognition of Kosovo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "17b5e2a3f87044f03cc31177ea8b468b",
"text": "Harenna Forest The Harenna Forest is located in a region of the Bale Mountains , in the Oromia Region of southeastern Ethiopia . It is one of the few remaining natural forests in the country .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d6ee4712d39c6e3d7ecc3a28db67c43",
"text": "Lake Basaka Lake Basaka ( Basaka Hayk in Amharic ) is a shallow , saline lake in the Oromia Region of central Ethiopia . It is located in the Great Rift Valley about 200 km south east of the capital Addis Ababa . The lake is at an elevation of 950 m.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89667fda890cadbc24a132d89a9b1e98",
"text": "Geography of Botswana Botswana is a landlocked country located in Southern Africa , north of South Africa . Botswana occupies an area of 581730 km2 , of which 566730 km2 are land . Botswana has land boundaries of combined length 4347.15 km , of which the constituent boundaries are shared with Namibia , for 1544 km ; South Africa 1969 km ; Zimbabwe , 834 km and Zambia , 0.15 km . Much of the population of Botswana is concentrated in the eastern part of the country . Sunshine totals are high all year round although winter is the sunniest period . The whole country is windy and dusty during the dry season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ee612372966f90eec3384b970bbfd75",
"text": "Ethiopian movement The Ethiopian Movement is a religious movement that began in southern Africa towards the end of the 19th century , when two groups broke away from the Anglican and Methodist churches . One of the main reasons for breaking away was that the parent denominations were perceived to be too much under white control , with not enough scope being given to African leadership . The Ethiopian movement was based on their interpretation of a Biblical passage ( Psalm 68:31 ) : `` Ethiopia shall soon stretch forth its hands unto God '' ( in the original Hebrew , actually כוש Cush ) . The term was later given a much wider interpretation by Bengt Sundkler , whose book Bantu prophets in South Africa was the first comprehensive study of African Independent Churches ( AICs ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57535036947e994ca7e2ed804b91d156",
"text": "Hadar, Ethiopia Hadar ( also spelled Adda Da'ar ; Afar `` treaty -LSB- ahdi -RSB- stream -LSB- d'ar -RSB- '' ) is a village in Ethiopia , on the southern edge of the Afar Triangle . The village is known for the nearby archaeological digs which have yielded some well-known hominin fossils . According to Jon Kalb , early maps show caravan routes passing within 10 or 15 kilometers of Hadar but not through it . The British explorer L.M. Nesbitt passed 15 kilometres west of Hadar in 1928 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65cd1a5b23cf1bfdf0b20e700585425a",
"text": "Alem Tena Alem Tena is the town in central Ethiopia . It is the administrative center of Bora woreda . Located in the Misraq Shewa Zone of the Oromia Region , it has a latitude and longitude of with an elevation of 1,611 meters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53ac5ded3456649ddb2f386be610d3e0",
"text": "Catholic Church in Ethiopia The Catholic Church in Ethiopia is part of the worldwide Catholic Church , under the spiritual leadership of the Pope in Rome . The Oriental Ethiopian Catholic Church , the primary organization of Catholicism in the country , is especially close to the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church , whose doctrine and liturgical tradition it shares . While separated by their understanding of the primacy of the Bishop of Rome , the Ethiopian Catholic and Orthodox Churches have basically the same sacraments and liturgy . As of 2010 , there were 610,714 members of the Ethiopian Catholic Church . There are also a small number of Latin-Rite Catholics in the country , primarily Italian Ethiopians .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88c84f5e4052152de4a4c9df17ffb89c",
"text": "Gewane Gewane is a town in north-eastern Ethiopia . Located in Administrative Zone 3 of the Afar Region , it has an elevation of 618 meters above sea level . Gewane is locally known as New Gewane , 2 kilometers east of the original settlement known as Old Gewane ; the town was relocated astride the main , all-weather highway . It is the administrative center of Gewane woreda .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c085e39abf9a6abf8f21927a5715dc8f",
"text": "Politics of Ethiopia The politics of Ethiopia arise from the way the government of Ethiopia is structured as well as socioeconomic factors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5448dd67e06269357a39b09d27ecdf59",
"text": "List of companies based in Eritrea Eritrea , officially the State of Eritrea , is a country in the Horn of Africa . The economy of Eritrea has experienced considerable growth in recent years , indicated by an improvement in Gross domestic product ( GDP ) in October 2012 of 7.5 percent over 2011 . However , worker remittances from abroad are estimated to account for 32 percent of gross domestic product . Eritrea has an extensive amount of resources such as copper , gold , granite , marble , and potash . The Eritrean economy has undergone extreme changes due to the War of Independence . In 2011 , Eritrea 's GDP grew by 8.7 percent making it one of the fastest growing economies in the world . The Economist Intelligence Unit ( EIU ) expects it to maintain a high growth rate of 8.5 percent in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5b51fd1bd9c320283107ace1793ba19",
"text": "Geography of Antarctica The geography of Antarctica is dominated by its south polar location and , thus , by ice . The Antarctic continent , located in the Earth 's southern hemisphere , is centered asymmetrically around the South Pole and largely south of the Antarctic Circle . It is washed by the Southern ( or Antarctic ) Ocean or , depending on definition , the southern Pacific , Atlantic , and Indian Oceans . It has an area of more than 14 million km ² . Some 98 % of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet , the world 's largest ice sheet and also its largest reservoir of fresh water . Averaging at least 1.6 km thick , the ice is so massive that it has depressed the continental bedrock in some areas more than 2.5 km below sea level ; subglacial lakes of liquid water also occur ( e.g. , Lake Vostok ) . Ice shelves and rises populate the ice sheet on the periphery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9c5bff95846e322b70ba8425e3cd13ad",
"text": "Sebeta Sebeta is a town and separate woreda in central Ethiopia , and a suburb of Addis Ababa . Located in the Oromia Special Zone Surrounding Finfinne of the Oromia Region , this town has a latitude and longitude of and an elevation of 2,356 meters ( 7,730 feet ) above sea level . The Sebeta School for the Blind is located in Sebeta . It became part of the Haile Selassie I Foundation in 1959 , and construction on a new building began on 4 October 1962 . The Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research opened a research station in Sebeta in 1967 , which operates as the national center for research into improving fishing yields .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
edebbb08f2b45c1b2be9a0f1d070e155 | Barbara Bain is an actress. | [
{
"docid": "d619461cc083b3116e4cc1808aad01cd",
"text": "Barbara Bain Barbara Bain ( born September 13 , 1931 ) is an American film and television actress . She is known for co-starring in the original Mission : Impossible television series in the 1960s as Cinnamon Carter .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c443c107ef4113b5e977497a95bab0c2",
"text": "Cor, Blimey! Cor , Blimey ! is a 2000 TV film that follows the relationship between Carry On film actors Sid James ( played by Geoffrey Hutchings ) and Barbara Windsor ( played by Samantha Spiro ) . The film , first broadcast on ITV in April 2000 , was adapted by Terry Johnson from his stage play Cleo , Camping , Emmanuelle and Dick which debuted at the Royal National Theatre in 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c122069a46dc816d48ad0ac2e2a72f8b",
"text": "Anne of Avonlea (1975 film) Anne of Avonlea is a film made for television 4-part mini-series , developed in the United Kingdom by the BBC . It is based on Anne of Avonlea , the sequel to Anne of Green Gables by Lucy Maud Montgomery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d8bcab43a17c6bc84e9e603dd897d61",
"text": "Barbara Turner Barbara Turner may refer to : Barbara Turner ( actress ) ( 1936 -- 2016 ) , American screenwriter and former actress Barbara Turner ( basketball ) ( born 1984 ) , American professional basketball player",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2a8db92265e4ced3ec25f22beecea59",
"text": "Barbara Wood Barbara Wood ( born January 30 , 1947 , in Warrington ( Lancashire , England ) is an American writer of historical romance novels . Her family moved to California , where she grew up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3850a8f6081979380a2e8d3633a77f3c",
"text": "Barbara Leigh-Hunt Barbara Leigh-Hunt ( born 14 December 1935 in Bath , Somerset ) is a British actress who has appeared on stage , film , television and radio .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3ebbd03297ee51d27843957f3cba57f",
"text": "Barbara Tyson Barbara Tyson ( born October 1 , 1964 ) is a Canadian actress known for appearing in hit TV series Neon Rider , Cold Squad , ER and The Twilight Zone . One of her first notable television roles was in Another World as Dawn Rollo , the first HIV-positive character to be introduced in a daytime soap opera in the United States . She was credited as Barbara Bush in her early roles . Originally from Capreol , Ontario , she moved with her mother several times in childhood after her parents ' divorce , finally spending her teen years in Barrie . Her first-ever acting audition was for a role in the Donald Sutherland film Threshold , which went to Mare Winningham . She had early guest roles in Canadian television , and appeared as Carol Burnett 's daughter in the television film Between Friends , before moving to New York City in 1985 . She had just $ 1.87 in her savings account the day she won her role in Another World . After that role ended , she continued to appear in guest roles before securing her starring role in the Canadian series Neon Rider , which lasted for four seasons . She was nominated for a Gemini Award for Best Guest Performance in a Series by an Actor or Actress in 1994 for a guest appearance in '' North of 60 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7939cd7ddfe057e057e18f9eceedf777",
"text": "Pat Bond Pat Bond ( February 27 , 1925 -- December 24 , 1990 ) was an American actress who starred on stage and on television , as well as in motion pictures . She was openly lesbian and in many cases she was the first gay woman people saw on stage . Her career spanned some forty years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cae496b0396b6311a3ba67d50dfee783",
"text": "Benton C Bainbridge Benton C Bainbridge ( born January 22 , 1966 ) is an American media artist known for creating single channel video , interactive artworks , immersive installations and live visual performances with custom digital , analog and optical systems of his own design . He is faculty at School of Visual Arts MFA Computer Arts department . His work is collected in the Turbulence.org collection and The `` ETC : Experimental Television Center Archives '' in the Rose Goldsen Media Archives at Cornell University and The Kitchen Archive at the Getty Research Institute . From 2006-2007 , Bainbridge was Education Fellow at Eyebeam . He has since realized many projects there , including the inaugural MIXER event and VHS portraits . His early career focused on the live creation of electronic cinema in collaboration with other artists and anticipated today 's VJ collectives . Bainbridge 's aesthetic technique is characterized by extensive realtime manipulation analog and digital media . His work is presented in both art and entertainment spaces ranging from museums to stadiums . He has shown across five continents , collaborating with artists including the Beastie Boys , Kaki King , Pauline Oliveros , V. Owen Bush , Abigail Child , Nick Didkovsky , Bobby Previte , Jin Hi Kim , Dream Theater , Barbara Held , Lonnie Holley and Tonstartssbandht , among many others . Bainbridge has shown his work in venues such as the Whitney Museum of American Art , Museum of Modern Art , Lincoln Center , Madison Square Garden , The Kitchen ( NYC ) , EMPAC ( Troy , NY ) , the American Museum of Natural History , SFMOMA ( San Francisco ) , Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden ( Washington , D.C. ) , Dallas Video Festival , Boston Cyberarts Festival , Eyebeam , Mercat des les Flors ( Barcelona ) , LUX2006 ( Sevilla ) , Auditorium Parco della Musica ( Roma ) , Test-Portal ( Amsterdam ) , Sonic Light ( Amsterdam ) , Wien Modern ( Vienna ) , Inventionen ( Berlin ) , Teatro Colón CETC ( Buenos Aires ) , CELCIT ( Managua ) , Xi'an China International Horticultural Exposition 2011 , Korean Festival ( Seoul ) , Good Vibrations ( Australia ) , and MTV Networks ( global ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee64fe835bcf78cb3f9f8b922a112a10",
"text": "Barbara Leigh Barbara Leigh ( born Barbara Ann Kish ; November 16 , 1946 ) is a former American actress and fashion model . Her breakthrough role came in 1972 with the film Junior Bonner , which she starred alongside her then-boyfriend Steve McQueen . She later became the first model to wear the Vampirella costume on the cover of the original Warren Vampirella magazine , # 67 ( March 1975 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb550bd52387cd18d217fbba8adecf45",
"text": "On Expenses On Expenses is a 2010 British television film directed by Simon Cellan Jones and starring Anna Maxwell Martin as Heather Brooke and Brian Cox as Michael Martin . The film documents the true story of American journalist Heather Brooke 's attempt to get expenses claims of Members of Parliament released under the Freedom of Information Act 2000 and Speaker Michael Martin 's battle to prevent it . Heather Brooke herself appeared in the production in a non-speaking role playing the part of an unnamed MP sitting on the government benches in a scene where Michael Martin is elected to the position of Speaker of the House of Commons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f11a7065e59e30dfbc0e4b2593c2d736",
"text": "Mary Barclay Mary Barclay ( 20 July 1916 -- 19 February 2008 ) was an English film , television and theatre actress . She was best known for playing Stella Dane in the Crossroads television series , as well as her role in the 1973 film , A Touch of Class .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3db71d3ff9a6de528ca66dea85310845",
"text": "Imogen Bain Imogen Bain ( 17 April 1959 -- 5 July 2014 ) was an English stage and screen actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "caa36a81d35d12f8866b7acc8a2129cd",
"text": "Ann Catherine Holbrook Ann Catherine Holbrook ( born Ann Catherine Jackson ) was a British actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "172942772ab106120704a661e1b7d310",
"text": "Barry MacKay (actor) Barry MacKay ( 8 January 1906 -- 12 December 1985 ) was a British actor . He was most prominently seen in light comedic roles in the British cinema of the 1930s and is perhaps best known as Jessie Matthews ' leading man in Evergreen ( 1934 ) , Gangway ( 1937 ) and Sailing Along ( 1938 ) . Other notable roles include Lieutenant Somerville in Brown on Resolution ( 1935 ) and as Fred , Scrooge 's nephew , in MGM 's film A Christmas Carol ( 1938 ) , the latter being one of two films he made in the US ; the other was the lead role in a B-picture , Smuggled Cargo ( 1939 ) . After these films there was a long gap in his film career until he reappeared as a character actor in the 1950s , making his last film ( Timeslip ) in 1955 . Barry also appeared in the 1954 Sheldon Reynolds produced Sherlock Holmes television series . He portrayed Reggie `` Sardines '' Taunton in episode 17 ; `` The Case of the Laughing Mummy '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b7878e4c8124a60cf9659ded96dde1a",
"text": "Black Books Black Books is a British sitcom created by Dylan Moran and Graham Linehan and broadcast on Channel 4 from 2000 to 2004 . Starring Moran , Bill Bailey and Tamsin Greig , the series is set in the eponymous London bookshop and follows the lives of its owner Bernard Black ( Moran ) , his assistant Manny Bianco ( Bailey ) and their friend Fran Katzenjammer ( Greig ) . The series was produced by Big Talk Productions , in association with Channel 4 . The show was produced in a multiple-camera setup , and was primarily filmed at Teddington Studios in Teddington , London , with exterior scenes filmed on location on Leigh Street and the surrounding areas in Bloomsbury . The debut episode premiered on 29 September 2000 and three seasons followed , with the final episode airing on 15 April 2004 . Black Books was a critical success , winning a number of awards , including two BAFTA awards for Best Situation Comedy in 2001 and 2005 and a Bronze Rose at the Festival Rose d'Or .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e97a41854b777653b44e6df190d2686b",
"text": "B-And-B B-And-B was a British sitcom starring Bernard Braden , his wife Barbara Kelly and their daughter Kim Braden . It was written by Michael Pertwee , and aired for a pilot and one series in 1968 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f55bfd7d33bf9918afba99f524a4eba",
"text": "Carry On Spying Carry On Spying is a 1964 film , the ninth in the series of Carry On films to be made . It marks Barbara Windsor 's first appearance in the series . Series regulars Kenneth Williams , Charles Hawtrey and Jim Dale are present . Bernard Cribbins makes the second of his three Carry On appearances ( although it would be 28 years before he returned in Carry On Columbus ) . Eric Barker appears for his third entry ( his final appearance would be in Carry On Emmannuelle 14 years later ) . Dilys Laye returns after her debut in Carry On Cruising . Carry On Spying is the last Carry On film shot in black and white .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f76f2c724f8ce67bf48481256e4f4fa",
"text": "In Love with Barbara In Love with Barbara is a 2008 drama film , inspired by the life of the romantic novelist Barbara Cartland , which tells the story of what made her the Queen of Romance . It was written by Jacquetta May and shown on BBC Four at 9:00 pm , on Sunday 26 October 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84fb153360626d7945480762e81e3a2a",
"text": "Barbara Britton Barbara Britton ( September 26 , 1919 -- January 17 , 1980 ) was an American film and television actress . She is best known for her western film roles opposite Randolph Scott , Joel McCrea , and Gene Autry and for her two-year tenure as inquisitive amateur sleuth Pam North on the television and radio series Mr. and Mrs. North .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c67f8619241b1f3db49548d0d4a56c6",
"text": "Barbara Everest Barbara Everest ( 19 June 1890 -- 9 February 1968 ) was a British stage and film actress . She was born in Southfields , Surrey , and made her screen debut in the 1916 film The Man Without a Soul .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a4d78efda7d7676605c4b6d49db37a19 | Jodie Foster was the director of a comedy-drama film. | [
{
"docid": "eaaffc1dab8035bf39cb853305b3e3a2",
"text": "Jodie Foster Alicia Christian `` Jodie '' Foster ( born November 19 , 1962 ) is an American actress and filmmaker who has worked in films and on television . She has often been cited as one of the best actresses of her generation . Foster began her career at the age of three as a child model in 1965 , and two years later moved to acting in television series , with the sitcom Mayberry R.F.D. being her debut . In the late 1960s and early 1970s , she worked in several primetime television series and starred in children 's films . Foster 's breakthrough came in Martin Scorsese 's Taxi Driver ( 1976 ) , in which she played a teenage prostitute ; the role garnered her a nomination for an Academy Award . Her other critically acclaimed roles as a teenager were in the musical Bugsy Malone ( 1976 ) and the thriller The Little Girl Who Lives Down the Lane ( 1976 ) , and she became a popular teen idol by starring in Disney 's Freaky Friday ( 1976 ) , Candleshoe ( 1977 ) and Foxes ( 1980 ) . After attending college at Yale , Foster struggled to transition to adult roles until winning widespread critical acclaim for her portrayal of a rape survivor in The Accused ( 1988 ) , for which she won several awards , including an Academy Award and a Golden Globe . She won her second Academy Award three years later for her role in the sleeper hit The Silence of the Lambs , where she played Clarice Starling , an FBI trainee investigating a serial murder case . Foster made her debut as a film director the same year with the moderately successful Little Man Tate ( 1991 ) , and founded her own production company , Egg Pictures , in 1992 . The company 's first production was Nell ( 1994 ) , in which she also played the title role , gaining another nomination for an Academy Award . Her other films in the 1990s included period drama Sommersby , Western comedy Maverick ( 1994 ) , science fiction film Contact ( 1997 ) , and period drama Anna and the King ( 1999 ) . Her second film direction , Home for the Holidays ( 1995 ) , was not well-received commercially , while critical reviews were mixed . After career setbacks in the early 2000s , which included the cancellation of a film project and the closing down of her production company , Foster starred in four thrillers , Panic Room ( 2002 ) , Flightplan ( 2005 ) , Inside Man ( 2006 ) and The Brave One ( 2007 ) . She has focused on directing in the 2010s , directing the films The Beaver ( 2011 ) and Money Monster ( 2016 ) , as well as episodes for Netflix television series Orange is the New Black and House of Cards . She also starred in the film Elysium ( 2013 ) . In addition to her two Academy Awards , Foster has won three BAFTA Awards , three Golden Globe Awards , a Screen Actors Guild Award and the Cecil B DeMille Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e2c321d25599bd3328f0645ee15b63b9",
"text": "The Beaver (film) The Beaver is a 2011 comedy-drama film directed by Jodie Foster and written by Kyle Killen . This film stars Mel Gibson , Foster , Anton Yelchin , and Jennifer Lawrence . This is Gibson and Foster 's first film together since 1994 's Maverick and Summit Entertainment 's only film to have Entertainment One not distribute it within the UK .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd1b22a2e6992aec299b7f71b07dc5b9",
"text": "Home for the Holidays (1995 film) Home for the Holidays is a 1995 comedy-drama film directed by Jodie Foster and produced by Peggy Rajski and Foster . The screenplay was by W. D. Richter based on the short story by Chris Radant . The music score was by Mark Isham and the cinematography by Lajos Koltai . The film stars Holly Hunter , Robert Downey Jr. , Anne Bancroft , Charles Durning , Dylan McDermott , Geraldine Chaplin , Steve Guttenberg , Cynthia Stevenson , Claire Danes , Austin Pendleton and David Strathairn .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "d12cfd558631ecc9fcb6d8c459b7ff02",
"text": "The Hotel New Hampshire (film) The Hotel New Hampshire is a 1984 British-Canadian-American comedy-drama film written and directed by Tony Richardson based on John Irving 's 1981 novel of the same name . The film stars Jodie Foster , Beau Bridges , Rob Lowe , and Nastassja Kinski , and also features Wilford Brimley , Amanda Plummer , Matthew Modine , and a young Seth Green in a supporting role . The film is a co-production from the United Kingdom , Canada , and the United States . In an introductory foreword that he wrote for a later edition of the novel , author Irving stated that he was thrilled when Richardson informed him that he wanted to adapt the book to the screen . Irving wrote that he was very happy with the adaptation , complaining only that he felt Richardson tried to make the film too faithful to the book , noting the manner in which Richardson would often speed up the action in an attempt to include more material onscreen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12a2017e133518b0a3c86b357b8c9c86",
"text": "On My Way (film) On My Way ( Elle s ` en va ) is a 2013 French comedy-drama film directed by Emmanuelle Bercot . The film premiered in competition at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13391941c2be9faec97eedc0cc0ce7ca",
"text": "George Washington (film) George Washington is a 2000 American drama film written and directed by David Gordon Green . Its story centers on a group of children in a depressed small town in North Carolina who band together to cover up a tragic mistake . Although it was not widely seen due to having had a very limited release , the film received wide praise from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5",
"text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ae2b1fa2eba8b330553c685db1e084c",
"text": "La Fidelidad La Fidelidad is a 1970 Argentine comedy film drama directed by and written by Juan José Jusid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dba31df0e2dff89812bafa9622cfb7b6",
"text": "The Dangerous Lives of Altar Boys The Dangerous Lives of Altar Boys is a 2002 independent comedy-drama film directed by Peter Care and based on a 1994 semi-autobiographical coming-of-age novel by Chris Fuhrman . The film stars Emile Hirsch , Kieran Culkin , Jena Malone , Jodie Foster , and Vincent D'Onofrio . The film is about a group of Catholic school friends in the Southern United States in the 1970s who engage in a series of pranks and general mischief . The boys also collaborate on a comic book they call The Atomic Trinity . Interspersed within the film are segments of animated footage based on the comic book . Fuhrman died of cancer before completing the final revision of the novel . The film is dedicated to his memory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7d2e7ed37c120f5113b6d5a07e51bd6",
"text": "Backyard Ashes Backyard Ashes is a 2013 Australian comedy film about backyard cricket games .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dea10774d2b029ccd7185e77152466ae",
"text": "Foster (film) Foster ( also known as Angel in the House ) is a 2011 British comedy-drama film written and directed by Jonathan Newman , based on his 2005 short film . Part of it was shot at Legoland Windsor in April 2010 . The film stars Golden Globe winner Toni Collette , Ioan Gruffudd , Richard E. Grant , BAFTA Award winner Hayley Mills and Maurice Cole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d225dc315258d25b16334c717f86aa8",
"text": "Wakefield (film) Wakefield is a 2016 American drama film directed and written by Robin Swicord , based on the short story of same name by E. L. Doctorow . The film stars Bryan Cranston and Jennifer Garner . Principal photography began on November 30 , 2015 , in Pasadena , California . The film had its world premiere at the Telluride Film Festival on September 2 , 2016 . It was released in a limited release on May 19 , 2017 , before being released through video on demand on May 26 , 2017 , by IFC Films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b312fe2dc52822521bc76a7208e20983",
"text": "Loosies Loosies ( also known as Love Is Not a Crime and Pick Pocket ) is a 2012 romantic comedy-drama film written and produced by Peter Facinelli , and directed by Michael Corrente . The film stars Peter Facinelli , Jaimie Alexander , Michael Madsen , Joe Pantoliano , William Forsythe , Christy Carlson Romano , Glenn Ciano , Vincent Gallo and Chad A. Verdi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d688e7699eb2df6597e7fb64ecdfeab8",
"text": "You Can't Beat Love You Ca n't Beat Love is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Christy Cabanne and written by Maxwell Shane and David Silverstein . The film stars Preston Foster , Joan Fontaine , Herbert Mundin , William Brisbane and Alan Bruce . The film was released on June 25 , 1937 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7278681b98d5b9ccbcb2eb5b2f87eeca",
"text": "Just to Be Sure Just to Be Sure ( Ôtez-moi d'un Doute ) is a 2017 French comedy film directed by Carine Tardieu . It was screened in the Directors ' Fortnight section at the 2017 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b33f33a8da7eb25ad8645310159a5766",
"text": "The Comedy The Comedy is a 2012 drama film directed and co-written by Rick Alverson , and starring Tim Heidecker . Supporting actors include Eric Wareheim ( Tim and Eric ) , James Murphy ( LCD Soundsystem ) , and Gregg Turkington ( better known as Neil Hamburger ) . The film was premiered at the 2012 Sundance Film Festival and screened within such festivals as Maryland Film Festival 2012 . The film was distributed by Tribeca Film and was slated for theatrical release on November 9 , 2012 and nationwide On Demand starting October 24 , 2012 . Despite the title and use of comedians as actors , Sundance festival chief programmer Trevor Groth says that the film is not a comedy , but instead `` a provocation , a critique of a culture based at its core around irony and sarcasm and about ultimately how hollow that is . '' The first ten minutes of the film was purposely leaked onto various torrent websites with an anti-piracy statement at the end of the video . The resulting publicity made the actual film the most pirated independent film of the year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "adfb4b9f7a27c77bd42f10fcc163a7cd",
"text": "Messy Christmas Messy Christmas ( Meine schöne Bescherung ) is a 2007 German comedy film directed by Vanessa Jopp .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c8c0ef2706df68f3cf81fe0d1a4afadd",
"text": "Tick Tock Lullaby Tick Tock Lullaby is a British indie comedy-drama film of 2007 written and directed by Lisa Gornick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ee48093e0077775ab07f2bf32719d147",
"text": "Zim and Co. Zim and Co. is a 2005 French comedy film directed by Pierre Jolivet . It was screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2005 Cannes Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "451f05a3826b71f6322e8fdf90556a70",
"text": "Another Happy Day Another Happy Day is a 2011 American black comedy-drama film written and directed by Sam Levinson . The film stars an ensemble cast including Ellen Barkin , Kate Bosworth , Ellen Burstyn , Thomas Haden Church , George Kennedy , Ezra Miller , Demi Moore , Siobhan Fallon Hogan , Michael Nardelli , Jeffrey DeMunn , and Diana Scarwid .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bf46fc2c16260c2a2447ad6d3b25962",
"text": "List of accolades received by Fences (film) Fences is a 2016 American drama film directed by Denzel Washington and written by August Wilson . Starring Washington , Viola Davis , Jovan Adepo and Stephen McKinley Henderson , the film focuses on a man and his life , family , and job . The film began a limited release on December 16 , 2016 , before opening wide on December 25 . The film was released to universal acclaim , with Rotten Tomatoes listing an approval rating of 93 % , based on 207 reviews , with an average rating of 7.7 / 10 , and Metacritic listing a score of 79 out of 100 , based on 48 reviews . Fences won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress and the British Academy Film Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Davis . The film won Best Supporting Actress for Davis and was nominated for Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington , Best Acting Ensemble and Best Adapted Screenplay at Critics ' Choice Awards . The film won Best Supporting Actress -- Motion Picture for Davis and was nominated for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Drama for Washington at Golden Globe Awards . The film received four nominations at Satellite Awards , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor for Washington and Best Supporting Actress for Davis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "94c2a6c179f786351fff21d3d393c379",
"text": "Nina's Heavenly Delights Nina 's Heavenly Delights is a 2006 British drama Romance comedy film , directed by Pratibha Parmar . The film was released on 29 September 2006 in the United Kingdom , and on 21 November 2007 in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e81c1e5654c102c2c52e3f2949c6a3df",
"text": "New Year's Day (1989 film) New Year 's Day is a 1989 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Henry Jaglom . It was entered into the main competition at the 46th Venice International Film Festival .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
931c5b01dc4b4ae981b10bd805e939f8 | Robert F. Kennedy began his political career in Massachusetts. | [
{
"docid": "d59a1353294df10dbb7701287b9f2d07",
"text": "Robert F. Kennedy Robert Francis `` Bobby '' Kennedy ( November 20 , 1925 -- June 6 , 1968 ) , commonly known by his initials RFK , was an American politician from Massachusetts . He served as the United States junior senator from New York from January 1965 until his assassination in June 1968 . He was previously the 64th U.S. Attorney General from January 1961 to September 1964 , serving under his older brother President John F. Kennedy and his successor , President Lyndon B. Johnson . Kennedy was a member of the Democratic Party , and is seen as an icon of modern American liberalism . After serving in the United States Naval Reserve as a Seaman Apprentice from 1944 to 1946 , Kennedy graduated from Harvard University and the University of Virginia . He began his political career in Massachusetts as the manager for his brother John 's successful campaign for the U.S. Senate in 1952 . Prior to entering public office himself , he worked as a correspondent for The Boston Post and as an assistant counsel to the Senate committee chaired by Joe McCarthy . He gained national attention as the chief counsel of the Senate Labor Rackets Committee from 1957 to 1959 , where he publicly challenged Teamsters President Jimmy Hoffa over the corrupt practices of its union and authored The Enemy Within , a book about corruption in organized labor . Kennedy resigned from the committee to conduct his brother John 's campaign in the 1960 presidential election . He was appointed Attorney General after the successful election and served as the closest adviser to the president from 1961 to 1963 . His tenure is best known for its advocacy for the Civil Rights Movement , the fight against organized crime and the Mafia , and involvement in U.S. foreign policy related to Cuba . After his brother 's assassination , he remained in office in the Johnson administration for several months . He left to run for the United States Senate from New York in 1964 and defeated Republican incumbent Kenneth Keating . In 1968 , Kennedy was a leading candidate for the Democratic nomination for the presidency ; he appealed especially to poor , African-American , Hispanic , Catholic and young voters . Shortly after midnight on June 5 , 1968 , after defeating Senator Eugene McCarthy in the California and South Dakota presidential primaries , he was mortally wounded by Sirhan Sirhan , a 24-year-old enraged Palestinian , and died the following day .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b8933964b338b6e86593ff7349197dac",
"text": "Martin J. Kennedy Martin John Kennedy ( August 29 , 1892 -- October 27 , 1955 ) was an American politician from New York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74c200cd5554534b74ddc72869f441f6",
"text": "John F. Kennedy John Fitzgerald `` Jack '' Kennedy ( May 29 , 1917 -- November 22 , 1963 ) , commonly referred to by his initials JFK , was an American politician who served as the 35th President of the United States from January 1961 until his assassination in November 1963 . Kennedy served at the height of the Cold War , and much of his presidency focused on managing relations with the Soviet Union . He was a member of the Democratic Party who represented Massachusetts in the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate prior to becoming president . Kennedy was born in Brookline , Massachusetts to Joseph P. Kennedy , Sr. and Rose Kennedy . A scion of the Kennedy family , he graduated from Harvard University in 1940 before joining the United States Naval Reserve the following year . During World War II , Kennedy commanded a series of PT boats in the Pacific theater and earned the Navy and Marine Corps Medal for his service . After the war , Kennedy represented Massachusetts 's 11th congressional district in the United States House of Representatives from 1947 until 1953 . He was subsequently elected to the U.S. Senate and served as the junior Senator from Massachusetts from 1953 until 1960 . While serving in the Senate , he published Profiles in Courage , which won the Pulitzer Prize for Biography . In the 1960 presidential election , Kennedy narrowly defeated Republican opponent Richard Nixon , who was the incumbent Vice President . Kennedy 's time in office was marked by high tensions with Communist states in the Cold War . He increased the number of American military advisers in South Vietnam by a factor of 18 over President Dwight D. Eisenhower . In April 1961 , he authorized a failed joint-CIA attempt to overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro in the Bay of Pigs Invasion . He subsequently rejected plans by the Joint Chiefs of Staff to orchestrate false-flag attacks on American soil in order to gain public approval for a war against Cuba . In October 1962 , U.S. spy planes discovered that Soviet missile bases had been deployed in Cuba ; the resulting period of tensions , termed the Cuban Missile Crisis , nearly resulted in the breakout of a global thermonuclear conflict . Domestically , Kennedy presided over the establishment of the Peace Corps and supported the Civil Rights Movement , but he was largely unsuccessful in passing his New Frontier domestic policies . Kennedy continues to rank highly in historians ' polls of U.S. presidents and with the general public . His average approval rating of 70 % is the highest of any president in Gallup 's history of systematically measuring job approval . On November 22 , 1963 , Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas , Texas . Lee Harvey Oswald was arrested for the crime , but he was never prosecuted due to his murder by Jack Ruby two days later . Pursuant to the Presidential Succession Act , Vice President Lyndon B. Johnson was sworn in as president later that day . The FBI and the Warren Commission officially concluded that Oswald was the lone assassin , but various groups believed that Kennedy was the victim of a conspiracy . After Kennedy 's death , many of his proposals were enacted , including the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the Revenue Act of 1964 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d293adf9c515215c8eab68ee0055947e",
"text": "History of Springfield, Massachusetts The history of Springfield , Massachusetts ( est. 1636 ) springs in large part from its favorable geography , situated on a steep bluff overlooking the Connecticut River 's confluence with three tributaries . It was an ancient Indian crossroad for two major trade routes : Boston-to-Albany and New York City-to-Montreal . Springfield also sits on some of the northeastern United States ' most fertile soil . Springfield was founded in 1636 as Agawam , the northernmost settlement of the Connecticut Colony . The settlement defected from Connecticut after four years , however , later joining forces with the coastal Massachusetts Bay Colony . The town changed its name to Springfield , and changed the political boundaries among what later became New England States . Springfield flourished as a trading post and agricultural center until 1675 's King Philip 's War , when a coalition of Indians laid siege to Springfield and later burned it to the ground . Its prosperity waned for the next hundred years but , in 1777 , United States Revolutionary War leaders made it a National Armory to store weapons , and in 1795 it began manufacturing muskets . Until 1968 , the Armory made small arms . Its first American muskets ( 1794 ) were followed by the famous Springfield rifle and the revolutionary M1 Garand and M14s . The Springfield Armory attracted generations of skilled laborers to the city , making it the United States ' longtime center for precision manufacturing ( comparable to a Silicon Valley of the Industrial Revolution ) . The Armory 's near-capture during Shays Rebellion of 1787 was among the troubles that prompted the U.S. Constitutional Convention later that year . Innovations in the 19th and 20th centuries include the first American English dictionary ( 1805 , Noah Webster ) , the first use of interchangeable parts and the assembly line in manufacturing ( 1819 , Thomas Blanchard ) , the first American horseless car ( 1825 , again Thomas Blanchard ) , vulcanized rubber ( 1844 , Charles Goodyear ) , the first American gasoline-powered car ( 1893 , Duryea Brothers ) , the first American motorcycle company ( 1901 , `` Indian '' ) , an early commercial radio station ( 1921 , WBZ , and most famously , the world 's third-most-popular sport of basketball ( 1891 , Dr. James Naismith ) . Throughout the latter half of the 20th century , Springfield endured a protracted decline , accelerated by the decommission of the Springfield Armory in 1969 . Springfield became increasingly like the declining , second tier Northeastern U.S. cities from which it had long been set apart . During the 1980s and 1990s , Springfield developed a new reputation for crime , political corruption , and cronyism . Seeking to overcome its downgrade , the city undertook several large ( but unfinished ) projects , including a $ 1 billion high-speed rail ( New Haven-Hartford-Springfield high-speed rail ) , a proposed $ 1 billion MGM Casino , and others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f54876ec9650ae45668e363594fee96",
"text": "A. David Mazzone A. David Mazzone ( June 3 , 1928 -- October 25 , 2004 ) was a lawyer , Massachusetts assistant district attorney , assistant United States attorney , Massachusetts Superior court judge . He served for twenty-six years as a Judge of the United States District Court for the District of Massachusetts . `` He will forever be remembered by the people of Massachusetts for his landmark rulings that led to the cleanup of Boston Harbor , '' United States Senator Edward M. Kennedy said to the Boston Globe shortly after Mazzone 's death in October 2004 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bab27a46d57be7e1cdc140904489f2e",
"text": "Robert S. Maloney Robert Sarsfield Maloney ( February 3 , 1881 -- November 8 , 1934 ) was a United States Representative from Massachusetts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a07cb21db9b98e5efaa740cd65f97a0",
"text": "United States Senate election in Massachusetts, 2012 The 2012 United States Senate election in Massachusetts took place on November 6 , 2012 , concurrently with the U.S. presidential election and elections to the U.S. Senate in other states , as well as elections to the House of Representatives and various state and local elections . Incumbent Republican Senator Scott Brown ran for re-election to a first full term . He had been elected in a special election in 2010 following the death of incumbent Democratic Senator Ted Kennedy . Brown faced no challengers from his own party . For the Democrats , an initial wide field of prospective candidates narrowed after the entry of Harvard Law School Professor Elizabeth Warren , the architect of the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau . Warren clinched near-unanimous party support , with all but one of the other Democratic candidates withdrawing following her entrance . After winning her party 's nomination , eliminating any need for a primary , she faced Brown in the general election . The election was one of the most-followed races in 2012 and cost approximately $ 82 million , which made it the most expensive election in Massachusetts history and the second-most expensive in the entire 2012 election cycle , next to that year 's presidential election . This was despite the two candidates ' having agreed not to allow outside money to influence the race . Opinion polling indicated a close race for much of the campaign , though Warren opened up a small but consistent lead in the final few weeks . She went on to defeat Brown by over 236,000 votes , 54 % to 46 % .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a0dd1f579ac6729ab05cfe0a0b6659e",
"text": "United States presidential election in Connecticut, 1924 The 1924 United States Presidential Election in Connecticut took place on November 4 , 1924 as part of the 1924 United States Presidential Election which was held throughout all contemporary 48 states . Voters chose seven representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Connecticut voted for the Republican nominee , incumbent President Calvin Coolidge of Massachusetts , over the Democratic nominee , Ambassador John W. Davis of West Virginia . Coolidge ran with former Budget Director Charles G. Dawes of Illinois , while Davis ran with Governor Charles W. Bryan of Nebraska . Also in the running that year was the Progressive Party nominee , Senator Robert M. La Follette of Wisconsin and his running mate Senator Burton K. Wheeler of Montana . La Follette 's support base was primarily among rural German and Scandinavian Americans , and he possessed little appeal in the Northeast outside a few New York and Boston anti-Prohibition precincts . Coolidge won Connecticut by a margin of 34.01 percent . His victory was also enjoyed a unique personal popularity which helped him in the state and the rest of New England . He was the epitome of a traditional New England Yankee , having been born in the small-town of Plymouth Notch , Vermont , and establishing his political career nearby as Governor of Massachusetts . Thus Coolidge remained especially popular with voters across the New England region .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e297c985585d2d52ec4f8f305b1987cf",
"text": "Laurence Curtis Laurence Curtis ( September 3 , 1893 -- July 11 , 1989 ) was a United States Representative from Massachusetts . He was born in Boston . He graduated from Groton School in 1912 and from Harvard University in 1916 . He served in the Foreign Diplomatic Service . During World War I , he entered the United States Navy and after a training crash , resulting in the loss of a leg , served out the rest of the war as a ground officer in Pensacola , Florida . He was awarded the Silver Star for war services . He returned to Harvard Law School and graduated in 1921 . He was admitted to the Massachusetts bar the same year and commenced practice in Boston . He was secretary to United States Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes , Jr. . He served as assistant United States attorney in Boston , was a member of Boston City Council , a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives , a member of Massachusetts State Senate , Massachusetts State Treasurer , a delegate to Republican National Convention in 1960 , and a past State Commander and National Senior Vice Commander of the Disabled American Veterans . He was the Republican nominee for Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts in 1950 . He was elected as a Republican to the Eighty-third and to the four succeeding Congresses ( January 3 , 1953 -- January 3 , 1963 ) . He was not a candidate for renomination in 1962 to the Eighty-eighth Congress , but was an unsuccessful candidate for nomination to the United States Senate . He resumed the practice of law , was an unsuccessful candidate for election in 1968 to the Ninety-first Congress , in 1970 to the Ninety-second Congress , and for nomination in 1972 to the Ninety-third Congress . He was a resident of Newton until his death in Boston on July 11 , 1989 . He was buried at Mount Auburn Cemetery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a914111ed6bf28872e8f3587f06ea0b9",
"text": "Francis X. Bellotti Francis Xavier Bellotti ( born May 3 , 1923 ) is an American lawyer and politician . In his first campaign he was the Democratic nominee for District Attorney of Norfolk County in 1958 , but was defeated in the general election . In 1962 Bellotti was elected as Lieutenant Governor for the Commonwealth of Massachusetts from 1963 to 1965 . In 1964 he had challenged the sitting governor of his own party , Endicott Peabody , and defeated him in the Democratic Primary ; but lost in the general election to John Volpe who thus regained the seat he had lost in 1962 . From 1975 to 1987 he served three terms as Massachusetts Attorney General . In that capacity he instilled professionalism among his staff , was a leader for civil rights and served as President of the National Association of Attorneys General . He also sought the nomination of the Democratic party for governor in 1970 and in 1990 , but was defeated in the Democratic primary election in both elections losing to Kevin White the first time and John Silber the second . In his official capacity for the state he was the named party in the commercial speech case : First National Bank of Boston v. Bellotti , 435 U.S. 765 ( 1978 ) , which established that corporations have some free speech rights under the First Amendment to the United States Constitution . Bellotti was born in Boston . He graduated from Tufts University in 1947 and received his law degree from Boston College in 1952 . Since leaving office , Bellotti has practiced law in Boston , Massachusetts with the firm of Mintz , Levin , Cohn , Ferris , Glovsky and Popeo . He is the father of twelve children , including Norfolk County Sheriff Michael G. Bellotti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ea974184c04f5ee2f9ce2de1044b075",
"text": "United States presidential election in Massachusetts, 1960 The 1960 United States presidential election in Massachusetts took place on November 8 , 1960 as part of the 1960 United States presidential election , which was held throughout all 50 states . Voters chose 16 representatives , or electors to the Electoral College , who voted for President and Vice President . Massachusetts voted overwhelmingly for the Democratic nominee , Senator John F. Kennedy of Massachusetts , over the Republican nominee , Vice President Richard Nixon of California . Kennedy ran with Senate Majority Leader Lyndon B. Johnson of Texas , while Nixon 's running mate was Ambassador Henry Cabot Lodge , Jr. of Massachusetts . Kennedy carried his home state of Massachusetts in a landslide , taking 60.22 % of the vote to Nixon 's 39.55 % , a Democratic victory margin of 20.67 % . This made it the third most Democratic state in the nation , after Rhode Island and Georgia . As Kennedy narrowly defeated Nixon nationally to win the presidency , Massachusetts weighed in for this election as about 21 % more Democratic than the national average . Massachusetts had been a Democratic-leaning state since 1928 , when the Democratic Party had nominated the first Roman Catholic nominee for president , Al Smith . While Smith lost nationally in a landslide , partially due to anti-Catholic prejudice in much of the country , he won Massachusetts due to the massive turnout and support of the many Irish Catholics in the state . In 1960 , John F. Kennedy would be the second Roman Catholic to be nominated for president by a major party , and again his religion became an issue in some regions of the country . However , there was little doubt that Kennedy , an Irish Catholic born in Brookline , Massachusetts , would be able to carry Massachusetts in his presidential run . Prior to 1960 , Massachusetts had been a swing state , having voted for Democrats Franklin Roosevelt and Harry Truman in the 1930s and 1940s , but voting for Republican Dwight Eisenhower in the 1950s . In 1956 , Eisenhower had carried the state by 19 points . The 21 point margin by which Kennedy won the state four years later thus represented a massive 40 point swing toward the Democrats between the 1956 and 1960 elections . Kennedy 's landslide victory in 1960 finally solidified the transformation of Massachusetts into a Democratic stronghold in the modern era . 1960 was the first election ever in which a Democrat had broken 60 % of the vote in Massachusetts , and thus Kennedy 's 60.22 % was the highest percentage of the vote any Democrat had ever received in the state up to that point . Religion was a major dividing factor in shaping the vote in 1960 . Nixon 's running mate , Henry Cabot Lodge , was also from Massachusetts , and had served the state as a Republican Senator , but was a Protestant , and represented traditional Protestant Yankee Republicanism in Massachusetts . Kennedy , an Irish Catholic Democrat , represented an entirely different strain of Massachusetts politics , the emerging majority coalition of urban and ethnic immigrant voters . In 1952 , Kennedy had first defeated Lodge to take the latter 's U.S. Senate seat , symbolizing this new Democratic coalition 's rise in the state . The residual Yankee Republicanism combined with the popularity of the Republican incumbent Eisenhower allowed Nixon to take a decent 39.55 % of the vote , but by 1960 , the ethnic Catholic vote held a decisive majority in Massachusetts , and turnout among Catholic voters reached record highs in 1960 . Kennedy carried nine of the state 's fourteen counties , including the most heavily populated parts of the state surrounding the large cities of Boston , Worcester , and Springfield . Nixon carried only five counties , three of them island or peninsula counties . Nixon 's most significant win was Plymouth County , which he won narrowly with 51 percent of the vote . Kennedy put in an historically strong performance in the state 's capital and largest city , Boston , home to many Catholics of Irish and Italian immigrant heritage . In Suffolk County , where Boston is located , Kennedy won a landslide with 74.4 percent of the vote to Nixon 's 25 percent , the first time in history that a presidential candidate had received more than 70 percent of the vote in the county . Kennedy was also the first Democrat to carry Norfolk County since Martin van Buren in 1836 . The decisive Democratic win in 1960 would foreshadow the political direction Massachusetts would take in the years to come , as it would become one of the most Democratic states in the nation in the elections that followed . In 1964 and 1968 , Democrats would even outperform Kennedy , and in 1972 it would be the only state in the nation to vote for Democrat George McGovern , ultimately making it the only state that Richard Nixon would never win in any of his three presidential campaigns . The 1960 election was also the last time a candidate who declared Massachusetts as his home state won the presidency regardless of his performance in the state . The next three presidential candidates whose home state was Massachusetts , Michael Dukakis , John Kerry , and Mitt Romney , all lost their presidential bids .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ed7305ca7332e2407f8f11f7ec61c6a",
"text": "Frank Cousins (American politician) Frank G. Cousins , Jr. ( born May 7 , 1958 in Boston , Massachusetts ) is an American politician who served as the Essex County , Massachusetts Sheriff . Cousins became the first African-American sheriff in Massachusetts when he was appointed to the position in 1996 by then Massachusetts Governor William Weld . Prior to his appointment to sheriff , Cousins had served on the Newburyport , Massachusetts City Council , and then in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1993 up until he became sheriff . As a Republican , Cousins has won elections for the sheriff position in 1998 , 2004 , and 2010 in heavily Democratic Essex County . He is not running for reelection in 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e30a3be0398fe1b82137dde55f646370",
"text": "Samuel W. McCall Samuel Walker McCall ( February 28 , 1851 -- November 4 , 1923 ) was a Republican lawyer , politician , and writer from Massachusetts . He was for twenty years ( 1893 -- 1913 ) a member of the United States House of Representatives , and the 47th Governor of Massachusetts , serving three one-year terms ( 1916 -- 19 ) . He was a moderately progressive Republican who sought to counteract the influence of money in politics . Born in Pennsylvania and educated at Dartmouth , he settled in Massachusetts , where he entered local politics on a progressive reform agenda . Elected to Congress , he continued his reform activities , and opposed annexation of The Philippines . He did not join the Progressive Party , but was insufficiently conservative for state party leaders , who denied him election to the United States Senate on two occasions . As governor , he directed the state 's actions during World War I , and orchestrated early aid to Halifax , Nova Scotia following a devastating munitions ship explosion there in 1917 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "633392e08a711a8074f1ec3add72b451",
"text": "Western Massachusetts Western Massachusetts is a region in Massachusetts , one of the six U.S. states that make up the New England region of the United States . Western Massachusetts has diverse topography ; 22 universities , with approximately 100,000 university students ; and such institutions as Tanglewood , Springfield Armory , and Jacob 's Pillow . The western part of Western Massachusetts includes the Berkshire Mountains , where there are several vacation resorts . The eastern part of the region includes the Connecticut River Valley , which has a number of university towns , the major city Springfield , and numerous agricultural hamlets . In the eastern part of the area , the Quabbin region is a place of outdoor recreation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "344e9cc3f3a0d4295f9a0b5c0a295743",
"text": "John Kennedy College John Kennedy College is a boys school in Beau-Bassin , Mauritius . It is one of the largest secondary schools in Mauritius . It was founded in 1963 and inaugurated by the then Governor General Sir John Shaw Rennie . The school is named after American president John F. Kennedy . Its students are known as `` Kennedians '' . The school 's emblem is the American bald eagle . The main areas of focus of John Kennedy College are the sciences , technology and economics . Initially the school was more technically oriented but has since diversified .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd568732a6f190386a2e19dffd625580",
"text": "Charles A. Kennedy Charles Augustus Kennedy ( March 24 , 1869 -- January 10 , 1951 ) was a seven-term Republican U.S. Representative from Iowa 's 1st congressional district in southeastern Iowa . Born in Montrose , Iowa , Kennedy completed preparatory studies . He was interested in horticultural pursuits and later engaged in business as a nurseryman . He served as mayor of Montrose from 1890 to 1895 . He served as member of the Iowa House of Representatives for one two-year term between 1903 and 1905 . In 1906 , Kennedy was elected as a Republican to the Sixtieth Congress . At the time of his nomination , his political philosophy was described as `` strongly standpat , '' a reference to the `` stand-patters '' faction of the Republican Party that provided a conservative alternative to the Party 's progressive wing . He was re-elected six times , before choosing not to run for re-election in 1920 . He served as chairman of the Committee on Mileage ( in the Sixtieth and Sixty-first Congresses ) , and the Committee on Rivers and Harbors ( in the Sixty-sixth Congress ) . In all , he served from March 4 , 1907 to March 3 , 1921 . He engaged in banking until his retirement . He died in Montrose on January 10 , 1951 . He was interred in Montrose Cemetery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a4b93f634350f70b4dcb8c3955ee987",
"text": "Edmund Dinis Edmund Dinis ( October 4 , 1924 -- March 14 , 2010 ) was an American prosecutor and politician from Massachusetts . Born in the Azores , Dinis and his family emigrated to the United States and settled in New Bedford , Massachusetts . After graduating from high school , Dinis served in the United States Army during World War II . He then studied law at Suffolk University and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar . Dinis also went to the University of Chicago and to the Harvard University Graduate School of Public Administration . He served as district attorney for Bristol County , Massachusetts , from 1959 to 1971 . He later served as treasurer for Bedford County . Dinis prosecuted the Chappaquiddick incident involving Senator Ted Kennedy . Prior to becoming a prosecutor , Dinis served on the New Bedford City Council in 1862 and 1963 and in the Massachusetts House of Representatives from 1949 to 1950 and the Massachusetts State Senate from 1961 to 1956 . Dinis was a Democrat . Dinis also owned the radio station WJFD-FM . His father Jacinto F. Diniz also served in the Massachusetts General Court . Dinis died on March 14 , 2010 , in Dartmouth , Massachusetts . He was 85 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0e80af75d81fb7725bd325a848abd09a",
"text": "Hyannis Port Historic District The Hyannis Port Historic District encompasses the historic heart of Hyannis Port , Massachusetts , an area that was intensively developed as a summer resort community beginning in the later decades of the 19th century . The district is about 100 acre in size , and extends from nearly Scudder Avenue in the west to Ocean Avenue in the east . It is bounded on the south by Nantucket Sound , and on the north by Grayton , Edge Hill , and Ocean Avenues . The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 . Until the late 19th century , Hyannis Port was a modest agricultural and seafaring village . The Hyannis Land Company was formed in 1871-72 and engaged in a major resort development push , which was one of the largest such efforts on the Cape . The company purchase most of the oceanfront property between Dunbar 's Point and Craigville , and platted out parcels . They built several hotels , staged events to promote the area , and built summer resort houses for vacationers from as far off as Indianapolis and Chicago . The company was not financially sound , however , and went bankrupt in 1879 . The area was not fully developed until the first decades of the 20th century . The district does have a few 18th-century houses , but most of its houses are in the styles popular in the late 19th and early 20th centuries . The most famous residents of Hyannis Port , however , are the Kennedy family , whose compound is a National Historic Landmark . Joseph P. and Rose Kennedy purchased the compound 's main house in 1926 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4ce51c85cc9c1e453277be7234bbccd",
"text": "Massachusetts Public Records Law __ NOTOC __ Massachusetts Public Records Law is a law in Massachusetts detailing what kinds of documents are actually public records . It is a state law that is similar to the federal Freedom of Information Act , which was passed by Lyndon B. Johnson in 1966 . According to the Boston Globe newspaper in 2016 , `` Massachusetts is currently the one state in the country where the Legislature , judiciary , and governor 's office all claim to be completely exempt from the -LSB- public records -RSB- law . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6993489b5e017fca8d3a4c575ff479e3",
"text": "Mike Capuano Michael Everett Capuano ( -LSB- ˌkæpju : ˈɑːnoʊ -RSB- born January 9 , 1952 ) is an American politician who serves as the U.S. Representative for . A member of the Democratic Party , his district includes the majority of Boston , as well as parts of Cambridge and other communities immediately north and south of Boston . Prior to being elected to Congress he served as an Alderman and later Mayor of Somerville . Capuano was born and raised in Somerville and , after graduating from Dartmouth College and Boston College Law School , he worked as an attorney and Somerville alderman . After losing two mayoral elections in 1979 and 1981 , he worked as legal counsel for the Massachusetts General Court . In 1989 Capuano ran for mayor a third time and won , serving from 1990 to 1999 . In 1998 Capuano navigated a crowded Democratic primary to replace Joseph Kennedy II in Congress and has since been re-elected nine times . He represented the state 's 8th district until it was redrawn in 2013 into the 7th district . In Congress he is a staunch liberal and member of the Congressional Progressive Caucus . He ran in the 2010 special election to fill the seat in the United States Senate made vacant by the death of Ted Kennedy , his predecessor 's uncle , but lost the primary to Martha Coakley , who in turn lost the general election to Republican Scott Brown .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f2c131aa9fe0aa3f2322db687b9986f",
"text": "Robert P. Burroughs Robert Phillips Burroughs ( January 13 , 1900 -- June 10 , 1994 ) , son of Sherman Everett Burroughs , graduated from Manchester High School in 1917 . He attended Dartmouth College and earned a master 's degree in business administration in 1922 . Burroughs was a businessman in Manchester , New Hampshire . He specialized in designing pension plans for corporations . He was also active in Republican politics . He served as committeeman from New Hampshire for the Republican National Committee during the 1940s and actively supported Dwight D. Eisenhower during the 1952 and 1956 presidential campaigns . In late 1953 he sponsored a nationwide poll to determine voter satisfaction with the policies of the Eisenhower administration . Burroughs was appointed to represent the U.S. at independence ceremonies in the Cameroons in 1959 and at the inauguration of the president of Liberia in 1960 . He also served on the Board of Directors of the Panama Canal Company during the Eisenhower administration .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
65ae039faccac13d5297928e2548a3b0 | Ben Whishaw was in productions. | [
{
"docid": "fcdf6f6a70f1cb4850ef60e582c159cd",
"text": "Ben Whishaw Benjamin John `` Ben '' Whishaw ( born 14 October 1980 ) is an English actor . He is known for his stage role as Hamlet ; his roles in the television series Nathan Barley , Criminal Justice , The Hour and London Spy ; and film roles including Perfume : The Story of a Murderer ( 2006 ) , I 'm Not There ( 2007 ) , Bright Star ( 2009 ) , Brideshead Revisited ( 2008 ) , Cloud Atlas ( 2012 ) , The Lobster ( 2015 ) , Suffragette ( 2015 ) and The Danish Girl ( 2015 ) . He has also played the role of Q in the James Bond films starting with Skyfall ( 2012 ) , and was the voice of Paddington Bear in the 2014 film , Paddington .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "8d255f87c924ca51c83071cc01adcc49",
"text": "Stagecraft Stagecraft is the technical aspect of theatrical , film , and video production . It includes constructing and rigging scenery ; hanging and focusing of lighting ; design and procurement of costumes ; make-up ; stage management ; audio engineering ; and procurement of props . Stagecraft is distinct from the wider umbrella term of scenography . Considered a technical rather than an artistic field , it is primarily the practical implementation of a scenic designer 's artistic vision . In its most basic form , stagecraft may be executed by a single person ( often the stage manager of a smaller production ) who arranges all scenery , costumes , lighting , and sound , and organizes the cast . Regional theatres and larger community theatres will generally have a technical director and a complement of designers , each of whom has a direct hand in their respective designs . Within significantly larger productions , for example a modern Broadway show , effectively bringing a show to opening night requires the work of skilled carpenters , painters , electricians , stagehands , stitchers , wigmakers , and the like . Modern stagecraft is highly technical and specialized : it comprises many sub-disciplines and a vast trove of history and tradition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8938a970761eccd515ea678bfeeb5283",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier . The Olivier Awards are the most prestigious theatrical awards in the United Kingdom and are the UK equivalent of the Tony Awards . Until 2015 , the Olivier Awards did not honour supporting musical performances separately and was therefore a unisex category , honouring both male and female actors . Starting with the 2015 ceremony , the awards have been separated into Best Actor in a Supporting Role in a Musical and Best Actress in a Supporting Role in a Musical",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04d563bcde9714a8d44a06d7c7d7242e",
"text": "Globe to Globe Festival The Globe to Globe Festival ran from 23 April to 9 June 2012 as part of the World Shakespeare Festival , itself part of the 2012 Cultural Olympiad . The festival 's director was Tom Bird . The Globe to Globe Festival hosted 37 productions of Shakespeare 's plays in 37 different languages over a six-week period . The festival was primarily intended to be an experiment with foreign language Shakespeare in the languages of London , however , it also aimed to discover how important Shakespeare is to the rest of the world . The Festival was recorded through blog responses on the Theatre 's own website and on the Year of Shakespeare blog . More than 100,000 people attended the performances , 80 % of whom had not previously been to the Globe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74f93e0245e849115ba87937befaf348",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Play is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Laurence Olivier . The award was originally entitled Play of the Year but was later renamed in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54ad3e3989f7cfe79497c848e384f212",
"text": "Queen's Theatre, Hornchurch The Queen 's Theatre is a 500-seat producing theatre located in Hornchurch in the London Borough of Havering , east London . The theatre opened in its current purpose-built site on Billet Lane , Hornchurch in 1975 . From 1953 to 1975 the theatre had occupied a converted , and for some time derelict , cinema on Station Lane ( the site of the present Ripon House development ) that had been used for storage during the Second World War . The theatre originally opened in the coronation year of Queen Elizabeth II and its name reflects this . The opening production was See How They Run . The building deteriorated and the London Borough of Havering built the new theatre . It was opened by Sir Peter Hall in April 1975 , with a production of Joseph and the Amazing Technicolour Dreamcoat . Home to the original productions of the award-winning Return to the Forbidden Planet and Blood Brothers , performers such as Maggie Smith , Martin Shaw , Joan Plowright , Prunella Scales , Nigel Hawthorn , Carol Sloman , Lucy Benjamin , Gemma Salter , Bernard Cribbins , Conn O'Neill and theatre-makers and artists David Eldridge , Chris Bond , Bob Carlton , Bob Eaton , Glen Walford , Nichola McAuliffe , Tim Firth , Dan Murphy and Richard O'Brien the Queen 's Theatre , over its 60 plus year history , has built a track record in creating the best in live entertainment . The theatre 's current artistic director is Douglas Rintoul who was appointed in 2015 . The theatre 's previous artistic directors include Bob Carlton , Marina Calderone and Bob Tomson . The Queen 's Theatre produces over eights shows a year and has a vibrant learning and participatory programme engaging over 11,000 participants annually , enabling people to express themselves and their stories through the arts . The Queen 's Theatre works with educational institutions , amateur theatre groups , professional arts groups and wellbeing organizations , but is also widely connected to the larger theatre landscape in the UK and abroad . Current partnerships include co-productions with the New Wolsey Theatre Ipswich , Salisbury Playhouse , Watford Palace Theatre , Rifco , Sell a Door and The Grand Théâtre de Luxembourg . Behind the scenes there is a carpentry workshop , scenic artists and a wardrobe department creating sets and costumes on-site . The theatre was honoured with a visit from HM The Queen in 2003 , the theatre 's fiftieth anniversary , and in 2013 the theatre celebrated its Diamond Jubilee . The Queen 's Theatre is a registered charity and receives regular funding from the London Borough of Havering and is an Arts Council of England National Portfolio Organisation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "acc21c5c56ca6a0318aa8bfae7303d02",
"text": "Earplay Earplay was the longest-running of the formal series of radio drama anthologies on National Public Radio , produced by WHA in Madison , Wisconsin and heard from 1972 into the 1990s . It approached radio drama as an art form with scripts written by such leading playwrights as Edward Albee , Arthur Kopit , Archibald MacLeish and David Mamet . Airing in stereo , Earplay provided a showcase for original and adapted work . Eventually , the less-sustained successor series NPR Playhouse drew episodes from the Earplay run . Often presented by NPR member stations on a weekly basis , Earplay episodes were produced with much attention to recording technique and sound-effects . In 1975 , it scored a triumph with Listening , an original play written by Edward Albee for stereo radio , employing one speaker for one character and another speaker for another character . Since both characters are seated in a room , the illusion is created that they are in the same room as the listener . After its premiere on radio , Listening was later performed on stage . Along with the CBS Radio Mystery Theater , Sears Radio Theater , The General Mills Radio Adventure Theater , Christian radio 's Unshackled and Public Radio 's The National Radio Theater of Chicago , Earplay was among the most ambitious nationwide projects in the medium in the U.S. during the 1970s and 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdcf514925ff0a9c0d9ef831defbaffd",
"text": "Globe of the Great Southwest The Globe of the Great Southwest is a theater in Odessa , Texas whose design was inspired by that of William Shakespeare 's original Globe Theatre . In addition , the complex also features a replica of Anne Hathaway 's Cottage . Both buildings are located on the campus of Odessa College . The Globe Theatre is a non-profit organization presenting classical and modern plays on an Elizabethan stage . It hosts community theater performances , monthly country-western shows called The Brand New Opree , and other community activities . The nearby Anne Hathaway Library , a replica of the cottage in which Shakespeare 's wife lived , houses displays of special interest to Shakespeare fans . Full-time theatre activity began in the fall of 1968 . The current Executive Director of the Globe of the Great Southwest is Katryna Engebretson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "06c4d460b045d3d444d6f4d37494d561",
"text": "Commonwealth Shakespeare Company Commonwealth Shakespeare Company ( CSC ) was formed in 1996 by artistic director Steven Maler and associate Joan Moynagh to bring free , outdoor Shakespeare to the people of the city of Boston . Since 1996 , CSC has produced one full Shakespeare production each summer starting with A Midsummer Night 's Dream in 1996 at Copley Square . All subsequent productions have taken place in Boston Common , first at the Parkman Bandstand and now at the Parade Ground . In addition to the annual Boston Common productions , CSC presents several free play-reading events during the year : Theatre in the Rough , Shakespeare and Law , as well as Shakespeare and Leadership . CSC has actor-training programs for both high school students and pre-professional actors with its Summer Academy . Throughout the year , CSC partners with area high schools and Boys & Girls Clubs to provide in and after-school theater activities to inner-city youth . In 2013 , CSC became the theatre in residence at Babson College .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d37de807d9b2059ff95869145b407f9c",
"text": "Theatre Tulsa Theatre Tulsa , Inc. is a community theatre company in Tulsa , Oklahoma , USA . Theatre Tulsa , the longest running community theatre west of the Mississippi and seventh in the nation , has had a prosperous but sometimes difficult history . The theatre has survived multiple wars , fires , and economic depressions . Theatre Tulsa started as a small community theatre that played shows in a tent , and grew to the largest community theatre in the nation in the 1970s , followed by years of decline and a recent re-invigoration that includes the new creation of a Broadway Series main stage season , a Next Stage series season composed of new works , and a Family Series season for children , families , and arts education programming . Tulsa Little Theatre was incorporated December . 10 , 1922 by Mrs. Bonnie Reed and Mrs. Hope Holway . Despite the Great Depression , the group managed to raise money to build a theater which was christened with a performance of The Cradle Song in February 1932 . Two years later , the group incorporated as Tulsa Little Theatre . Struggling through the next few years , the theater survived a threatened bank foreclosure in 1935 after a number of donors stepped in , and in 1940 the theater paid off its mortgage . During World War II , it produced shows for military camps and veterans ' hospitals . Tulsa Little Little Theatre prospered , and by 1959 was the largest non-professional theater company in the country . In 1964 , its membership was 8,000 strong . By 1972 it had the largest community theater membership in the nation and had counted 1.5 million members over the past 50 years . In 1974 Tulsa Little Theatre changed its name to Theatre Tulsa , Inc. . Theatre Tulsa remains active today producing 10 productions a year that include modern and classic dramas , comedies , and musicals . Theatre Tulsa has had many firsts ; it was the first community theater in the country to premiere Our Town ( 1939 ) and All My Sons ( 1947 ) ; the musical Brownstone ( 1985 ) ; `` Miracle on 34th Street : A Musical Adaptation '' ( a 1993 original musical written for Theatre Tulsa ) ; `` I Love You , You 're Perfect , Now Change '' ( 2003 ) ; and the first American production of Pitmen Painters ( 2011 ) . Theatre Tulsa 's production of Forever Plaid sold out more than 400 shows in 1995 and 1996 . Some noted performers , including Jeanne Tripplehorn , Kristin Chenoweth and Sam Harris , received their first stage experience with Theatre Tulsa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7dc8ea7d28d3d3a1f568957b67cd26e",
"text": "List of Broom Street Theater Theatrical Productions",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ddc9ab58b801f6f8eb3bd4fe0761f9b",
"text": "Real Circumstance Theatre Company Real Circumstance Theatre Company is a not-for-profit theatre company based in Essex that delivers work nationally and internationally . Real Circumstance develops and produces new plays by emergent writers , and plays generated by the Company through improvisation . Real Circumstance is run by Artistic Director Dan Sherer and Creative Producer Anna Bewick . Actors that Real Circumstance has worked with include Keeley Forsyth , Lawrence Werber , Ben Caplan , Jot Davies , Tamsin Joanna Kennard , Toby Sawyer , Kate Donmall , and Caroline Williams .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6943c364a7a205617777ba8b55c755cf",
"text": "Rookery Nook (1953 TV drama) Rookery Nook was a 1953 British live television production of the comedy play by Ben Travers broadcast on 23 May 1953 . Featuring in this version were Peter Cushing , David Stoll and Lally Bowers . It was based on Travers ' play Rookery Nook , one of the Aldwych Farces , and is believed not to have telerecorded as it was transmitted and is therefore lost .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "424c127a7e521f7f5b0d32766e95011e",
"text": "Ben Power Ben Power is a British dramaturg and playwright . Since 2010 he has been an associate director of the National Theatre . He studied English at Cambridge University . He often collaborates with Rupert Goold and his Headlong company . He was dramaturg and Literary Associate on A Disappearing Number for Complicite , which won the 2007 Evening Standard , Critics ' Circle and Olivier awards for Best Play . In 2011 he wrote the adaptation of Henrik Ibsen 's epic Emperor and Galiean for the National Theatre . He also participated that year in the Bush Theatre 's project Sixty Six Books , for which he wrote a piece based on a book of the King James Bible . Since it opened in 2013 he has overseen the National Theatre 's temporary space , The Shed . His new version of Euripides ' Medea , starring Helen McCrory in the eponymous role , ran at the National Theatre from July to September 2014 . In 2015 he was appointed deputy artistic director of the National Theatre ; the role had not previously existed . Since that appointment he has condensed three works by D. H. Lawrence into a single play , presented as Husbands and Sons in the National 's Dorfman theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65f7fe19ad2334a267b21b6eb585942c",
"text": "Thirty-Minute Theatre Thirty-Minute Theatre is an anthology drama series of short plays shown on BBC Television between 1965 and 1973 , which was used in part at least as a training ground for new writers , on account of its short running length , and which therefore attracted many writers who later became well known . It was initially produced by Graeme MacDonald . Thirty-Minute Theatre began on BBC2 in 1965 with an adaptation of the black comedy Parson 's Pleasure ( author , Roald Dahl ) . Dennis Potter contributed Emergency -- Ward 9 ( 1966 ) , which he partially recycled in the much later The Singing Detective ( 1986 ) . In 1967 BBC2 launched the UK 's first colour service , with the consequence that Thirty-Minute Theatre became the first drama series in the country to be shown in colour . As well as single plays , the series showed several linked collections of plays , including a group of four plays by John Mortimer named after areas of London in 1972 , two three-part Inspector Waugh series starring Clive Swift in the title role , and a trilogy of plays by Jean Benedetti , broadcast in 1969 , focusing on infamous historical figures such as Adolf Hitler and Joseph Stalin . Other plays were broadcast by writers like Charlotte and Denis Plimmer ( The Chequers Manoeuvre , 1968 ) , David Rudkin ( Bypass , 1972 , and Atrocity , 1973 ) and Jack Rosenthal ( And For my Next Trick , 1972 ) . Thirty-Minute Theatre was cancelled in August 1973 . Second City Firsts , also of 30 minutes duration , fulfilled much the same role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19b190bce3bb86f308a7f7343a099710",
"text": "Industrial musical An industrial musical is a musical performed internally for the employees or shareholders of a business , to create a feeling of being part of a team , to entertain , and/or to educate and motivate the management and salespeople to improve sales and profit . It can be used to increase staff awareness of public relations , advertising , marketing or corporate image . Other terms for industrial musicals include the corporate musical or industrial show , but the latter can also refer to trade shows , which are publicity events organized by businesses in a specific industry to promote their products to potential buyers . Industrial musicals are not restricted to corporations or to businesses involved in industry . They should not be confused with industrial music , or with musicals produced by businesses to be seen by the general public , for example , Disney 's stage production of The Lion King .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b41f99cde0b5e62d973e041813ea211",
"text": "Rysher Entertainment Rysher Entertainment was the owner of television and film programming content , primarily distributed around the world by CBS Television Distribution and Paramount Pictures . Select rights are also distributed by Warner Bros. , Universal , Lionsgate , Fox , Columbia Pictures , MGM and other entertainment distribution companies worldwide . The company has its roots in Bing Crosby Productions ( `` BCP '' ) . Its namesake , actor-singer Bing Crosby , founded BCP in 1949 , and was best known for producing the sitcom Hogan 's Heroes and the medical drama Ben Casey -- in succeeding years , BCP was acquired by Cox Broadcasting . In 1993 , Cox acquired Rysher Entertainment . Rysher , founded in April 1991 by Keith Samples , had been established as an independently owned company whose original sole product had been the distribution of NBC 's series Saved By The Bell . In 1993 , and later distribution of another NBC series California Dreams in 1994 , Rysher merged with Al Masini 's Television Program Enterprises to form Rysher TPE , its alternate name used from 1993 to 1995 . Through Rysher TPE , they produced and distributed shows such as Lifestyles of the Rich and Famous ( renamed Lifestyles with Robin Leach and Shari Belafonte for its final season ) and Star Search . Later , they produced and distributed George & Alana , which ran for one season in 1995 . The company was shut down in 1999 and the library was acquired by Viacom who folded it into both the film and television division of Paramount . Rysher 's library , today distributed by CBS Television Distribution ( CTD ) and Paramount Pictures ( for TV series and films , respectively ) , includes television and feature film classics such as Hogan 's Heroes ( whose partial rights are held by CBS ) , Ben Casey , and Walking Tall , as well as more recent programs and films including Nash Bridges ( 1999 -- 2001 episodes are produced by Paramount Network Television ) , Highlander : The Series , The Opposite of Sex ( with Sony Pictures Classics ) , Kingpin and Big Night . Rysher also distributes internationally through CTD several of HBO 's award-winning titles including Arli $ $ , Oz and Sex and the City . Rysher also produced House Arrest and Zeus and Roxanne , both of which were released by MGM and distributed by HBO Home Video for home release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33df8cdbcd549d4a5e96a40a8cd8d3c5",
"text": "Theatre World Theatre World is the only ( first published in 1945 ) , comprehensive , annual pictorial and statistical record of American theatre in print publication , including Broadway , Off-Broadway , Off-Off-Broadway , and regional theatre , as well as a complete national theatrical awards section and obituaries . Including over 750 photographs , it is the definitive pictorial and statistical reference to each American theatrical season , and is referenced daily by industry professionals , students , historians , and theatre fans worldwide . Until 1998 , the Theatre World editorial staff administered the Theatre World Awards for Outstanding Broadway and off-Broadway debuts . First under the supervision of Theatre World founder Daniel Blum and then under John Willis , who took over the production of the Awards following Blum 's death in 1964 , the Theatre World Awards were first given to those recipients considered `` Promising Personalities . '' In 1998 , the Theatre World Awards were incorporated as a 501 ( c ) 3 nonprofit organization and are currently overseen by a board of directors independent of `` Theatre World . '' Theatre World is the recipient of a 2001 Tony Honor for Excellence in Theatre , presented by the American Theatre Wing , and on behalf of the publication , longtime editor-in-chief John Willis ( 1916-2010 ) accepted honors including the first Special Lucille Lortel Award , a Special Drama Desk Award , and the Broadway Theatre Institute ( now The Theatre Museum ) Lifetime Achievement Award . Theatre World is published annually by Theatre World Media and distributed by Applause Theatre and Cinema Books . The permanent editorial staff currently consists of Ben Hodges , editor in chief , and coeditor Scott Denny . Current editorial staff includes Adam Feldman of Time Out New York ( Broadway ) , Linda Buchwald TDF Stages ( Off-Broadway ) , Shay Gines New York Innovative Theatre Awards ( Off-Off-Broadway ) , and Diep Tran American Theatre Magazine ( Regional theatre ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2227ab834f2434a56ea7f9dd5140e677",
"text": "Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Musical is an annual award presented by The Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in commercial British theatre . The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976 , and , renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor Lord Olivier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "812513f9570ffa2bc42002c3196aef03",
"text": "Whole World Theatre The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta , Georgia . Whole World Theatre ( WWT ) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta , Georgia in late 1993 , when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town . Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members . The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994 . Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works , and using a unique approach to improv , which put more emphasis on acting , character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs , Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as , Blood Bath Bingo and Pimps , Queens , and Dope Fiends . Webster also produced scripted works included , Balm in Gillead , Bitches , Women Behind Bars , Four Dogs and a Bone and The House of Yes , among many others . In June 1995 , Jennifer Horne and David Webster spent their honeymoon money to open Whole World Theatre at their current location at 1214 Spring Street in mid-town Atlanta . As their popularity grew , the cast of Whole World Theatre were given the opportunity to produce their live improv comedy show for television when Webster sold the show to television . `` Whole World Comedy '' - Whole World 's premier TV show - helped to launch the southern based Turner South Network . David Webster taught every actor at Whole World Theater until 2001 . He wrote , directed and emceed every show for over 1000 shows . He won several awards including an Emmy award for writing . In 2003 Managing Director , Emily Reily Russell , created a youth summer camp program and an improvisational acting program for teens and young adults at Whole World Theatre that still exists to this day . Many of the graduates of this program have entered the `` Performance Ready Group '' that hosts a more family oriented show the first Saturday of every month November through May . The Performance Ready Group is directed and mentored by Assistant Artistic Director , Eric Goins . Russell , in conjunction with Callanwolde Fine Arts Center and The Starlight Starbright Foundation has also created `` Improv in Dialysis . '' Providing monthly improvisational acting workshops to patients and their families at Egleston Children 's Hospital in Atlanta . Lance Krall , one of Webster 's original students , eventually moved to Hollywood and went on to produce his own television show , The Lance Krall Show , which aired Spike TV , and Free Radio , which aired on Vh1 . Lance has hired several alumni from Whole World Theatre to guest star in his projects . In 2004 , Webster moved on to write and direct independent movies and Jennifer Horne moved on to begin her own improv troupe in Charlottesville , Va. . That same year , a complete change in management occurred at Whole World Theatre . In 2004 , Chip Powell became Artistic Director of Whole World Theatre . The Company continues to perform improv shows and remains one of Atlanta 's most successful theater companies . Under Powell 's leadership the company has produced Improv in the Park : an annual free improv show in Atlanta 's Piedmont Park and Central Park at Atlantic Station . Improv in the Park was voted `` Best Outdoor Event '' by Creative Loafing . Powell also went on to launch Whole World 's 3rd Space Theatre by Producing and Directing scripted works such as Sordid Lives and Southern Baptist Sissies by Del Shores . In 2005 , the theatre started a television show for a network called MAV TV and is currently broadcast in over 200,000 homes across the U.S. . The show features Whole World 's Improv Comedy and is geared towards a more mature audience . Official Website Category : Theatres in Atlanta",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f7edf40c04c99285584ae7f393107489",
"text": "English Shakespeare Company The English Shakespeare Company was an English theatre company founded in 1986 by Michael Bogdanov and Michael Pennington to present and promote the works of William Shakespeare on both a national and an international level . Its inaugural production ( 1986 ) was an anthology entitled The Henrys ( Henry IV , Part 1 , Henry IV , Part 2 , and Henry V ) which opened at the Theatre Royal , Plymouth in December 1986 . A year later , several more plays ( Richard II , Henry VI : House of Lancaster , Henry VI : House of York and Richard III ) were added to the original productions and were presented as a complete history cycle under the title of The Wars of the Roses . The production toured for two years in seventeen venues in the UK including the Old Vic in London , as well as appearing at several international venues , including the Hong Kong Festival , opening the new Tokyo Globe Theatre , being the centrepiece of The World Theatre Festival of Chicago , and touring to Stamford , Connecticut , the Spoleto Festival , Melbourne , the Adelaide Festival , Brisbane , The Netherlands , Hamburg , Berlin and Frankfurt . In addition to The Wars of the Roses , productions of many individual Shakespeare plays were also presented . They included Twelfth Night , Macbeth , The Tempest , Romeo & Juliet , Antony and Cleopatra and As You Like It . The last production of ROMEO AND JULIET . indeed the closing production ended in Plymouth after touring the world .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
44401cc993da996178e82c896c6fb655 | Telangana contains the city Nizamabad. | [
{
"docid": "77df402edef0ce762f50f2f0f4693ca2",
"text": "Telangana Telangana ( t ) is one of the 29 states in India , located in southern India . Formed in June 2014 as the youngest state in India , from the northwestern part of the Joint State of Andhra Pradesh , Telangana has an area of 112077 km2 , and a population of 35,193,978 ( 2011 census ) . It is the twelfth largest state in India , and the twelfth most populated state in India . Its major cities include Hyderabad , Warangal , Khammam , Karimnagar and Nizamabad . Telangana is bordered by the states of Maharashtra to the north and north west , Chhattisgarh to the north , Karnataka to the west and Andhra Pradesh to the east and south . Telangana had a history as the Telugu-speaking region of the princely state of Hyderabad , ruled by the Nizam of Hyderabad . It joined the Union of India in 1948 . In 1956 , the Hyderabad state was dissolved as part of the linguistic reorganisation of states and Telangana was merged with former Andhra State to form Andhra Pradesh . Following a movement for separation , Telangana was awarded separate statehood on 2 June 2014 . Hyderabad will continue to serve as the joint capital city for Andhra Pradesh and Telangana for no more than ten years .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e8f51059f703b2dcc1d717ed6b014323",
"text": "Naspur Naspur is a census town and is a Village and mandalin Mancherial district ( Old Adilabad District ) of the Indian state of Telangana .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bf16936926a7a6db1efb21ed787df32",
"text": "Nizam (title) Nizam was the title of the sovereign of Hyderabad State and other Indian States . These rulers ruled under the kingship of Mughals . After Mughals British rulers let them continue in English rule .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b312e7e36c6abd47d20a2fb5d713b98",
"text": "Kothapally, Nizamabad Kothapally is a village in the Mupkal Mandal in the Nizamabad ( Indhooru ) District in the State of Telangana in India . There are 709 households and 2,661 population is there in village as per 2011 Census , in that 1,230 are male and 1,431 are female . The area of the village is about 8 km ² including agricultural land . Godavari river is 4 km from the village . Mupkal , Nalloor , Mendora , Nagampet , Renjarla , Vannel-B and Vempalli are the names of nearby villages .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "716a44bed3441ee253338906713841ab",
"text": "Osmanabad Osmanabad ( transliterated in Marathi as Usmanabad ) is a city and a municipal council in Osmanabad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra . Osmanabad derives its name from the last ruler of Hyderabad - H.E.H Mir Osman Ali Khan",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9290469b5d89a030d7191f52a8d914a",
"text": "Koti, Hyderabad Koti is one of the best-known commercial suburbs of Hyderabad , the capital city of Telangana , India . There are two areas in the vicinity called King Koti and Ram Koti .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f661ff2dc6b1e85d0f2793c514e993c4",
"text": "National Highway 63 (India) National Highway 63 ( NH 63 ) ( previously National Highway 16 ) , is a National Highway in India , total length 860 km that connects Nizamabad in Telangana and Jagdalpur in Chhattisgarh . It passes through the states of Telangana , Maharashtra and Chhattisgarh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ebda7f66131d48671e0b8a764005273",
"text": "August 2007 Hyderabad bombings The Hyderabad bombings refers to the incident in which two bombs exploded almost simultaneously on 25 August 2007 in Hyderabad , capital of the Indian state of Telangana . The first bomb exploded in Lumbini Amusement Park at 19:45 hrs IST . The second bomb exploded five minutes later at 19:50 in Gokul Chat Bhandar , a popular restaurant about 5 kilometres ( 3 mi ) away . At least 42 people were reported to have died in the two bombings . Two more bombs were defused in other parts of the city . According to initial reports , the banned Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami militant outfit of Bangladesh is suspected for the serial blasts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6bb5af9076508f4421e39eb79aa3bdf6",
"text": "Narayanapur, Nalgonda district Narayanapur is a Mandal in Bhuvanagiri district of Telangana State , India . Narayanapur Mandal Headquarters is Narayanapur town . It belongs to Telangana region . It is located 39 km towards west from District headquarters Bhongir . Narayanapur Mandal is bounded by Choutuppal Mandal towards North , Manchal Mandal towards west , Pochampally Mandal towards North , Munugode Mandal towards East . Bhongiri City , Hyderabad City , Devarakonda City , Jangaon City are the nearby Cities to Narayanapur . Narayanapur consist of 77 Villages and 14 Panchayats . Kothulapuram is the smallest Village and Narayanapur is the biggest Village . It is in the 322 m elevation ( altitude ) . This Place is in the border of the Nalgonda District and Rangareddi District . Rangareddi District Manchal is west towards this place . Hyderabad , Nagarjunsagar , Nagarjunakonda ( Nagarjuna Sagar Dam ) , Medak , Warangal ( Orugallu ) are the nearby important tourist destinations to see .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a37244eb33c70eea86fb3ee8f6ca7b72",
"text": "Secunderabad-Nanded Express The Secunderabad-Nanded Express is a passenger rail service that operates between the cities of Secunderabad in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh and Nanded in the Indian state of Maharashtra . It is operated by the South Central Railway region of the Indian Railways . The service lists under the Nanded division of the South Central Railway and was restarted in early 2006 after the complete conversion of the Nanded division from metre gauge to broad gauge . This is a daily service .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97d4f4b6fb4d50673935f0776eb3f8de",
"text": "Medipally Medipally is a suburb in the Medchal Malkajgiri district of the Indian state of Telangana . It is the mandal headquarters of Medipally mandal in Keesara revenue division . It also a part of Hyderabad Metropolitan Development Authority .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ce1b45257903e62fc6990a01fb7af99",
"text": "Saidabad (disambiguation) Saidabad is a city in Hyderabad , India . Saidabad or Saiyidabad may also refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "076ac0b20d50d5be0b2c7847da960b2d",
"text": "Gudivada Gudivada is a city in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh . It is a municipality and the headquarters of Gudivada mandal in Gudivada revenue division . It is one of the cities in the state to be a part of Andhra Pradesh Capital Region . It is Twenty sixth most populous city in the state with a population of 118,167 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eaeb217d6d9377ea9147db33fb20422e",
"text": "Bejjur Bejjur is a village and a Mandal in Asifabad district in the state of Telangana in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e75c3a6f4ac92144e560310584826fa",
"text": "Husnabad Husnabad is a town in Siddipet district of the Indian state of Telangana . It was a part of the Karimnagar district before re-organisation of districts in the state . It is located in Husnabad mandal . It is at the crossroads of major towns like Warangal on one side and Siddipet on the other side.And also other side Karimnagar and Jangaon . A local stream named Yellamma Cheruvu runs through it which is the source of the supply of tap-water to the townsfolk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "633d364734ea8557d9762d7c5a4b7f52",
"text": "Medak Fort Medak Fort is situated in Medak district in the Indian state of Telangana , about 100 kilometres from the state capital , Hyderabad . The fort lies to the north of the city and can be reached by road and rail . It is a citadel built on a hillock that provided as a vantage point for the Kakatiyan rulers in ancient India . The fort was built sometime around the 12th century and during the reign of the Kakatiyan ruler , Pratapa Rudra and was called Methuku durgam , meaning cooked rice in Telugu . It was a command post of the Kakatians and later for Qutb Shahis . The fort has great historical and architectural importance in Telangana . Within the fort is a 17th-century Mosque built by the Qutub Shahis , granaries and remains of grand houses . It has three main entrances , the `` Prathama Dwaram '' , the `` Simha Dwaram '' that has two snarling lions at the top of the entrance and the `` Gaja Dwaram '' , or Elephant 's Entrance that has a sculpture of two elephants interlocked on both sides of the entrance . The main entrance proudly displays the double-headed `` Gandabherundam '' of the Kakatiyas . The wood used as a support for the stable roof ( Terminalia paniculata ) can still be seen there . At the fort one can see a 17th-century cannon that is 3.2 metres long . The cannon has a trident etched on it . This fortress uses the natural topography to the maximum advantage with the rocky face offering it natural defences . The water to the fort was provided via a pipeline . Now , there is not much left to see , but as it stands on a hillock , it offers a good view of the district .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "99341bbea57bc51596768b17ecbd60d9",
"text": "Noida Noida , short for the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority ( Hindi : ' नवीन ओखला औद्योगिक विकास प्राधिकरण ' ) , is a systematically planned Indian city under the management of the New Okhla Industrial Development Authority ( also called NOIDA ) . It is part of National Capital Region of India . Noida came into administrative existence on 17 April 1976 and celebrates 17 April as `` Noida Day '' . It was set up as part of an urbanisation thrust during the controversial Emergency period ( 1975 -- 1977 ) . The city was created under the UP Industrial Area Development Act by the initiatives of Sanjay Gandhi . The city has the highest per capita income in the whole National Capital Region . The Noida Authority is among the richest civic bodies in the country . As per provisional reports of Census India , the population of Noida in 2011 is 642,381 ; of which male and female are 352,577 and 289,804 respectively . Roads in Noida are lined by trees and it is considered to be India 's greenest city with about 50 % green cover , the highest of any city in India . Noida is located in Gautam Buddh Nagar district of Uttar Pradesh state . The district 's administrative headquarters are in the nearby town of Greater Noida . However , the district 's highest government official , the District Magistrate ( DM ) , has its official camp office in Noida Sector-27 . The city is a part of the Noida Vidhan Sabha ( state assembly ) constituency and Gautam Buddha Nagar ( Lok Sabha constituency ) . Minister of State for Culture , Tourism of Civil Aviation Mahesh Sharma of the BJP is the current MP of Noida . The current MLA is Pankaj Singh ( politician ) . Noida was ranked as the Best City in Uttar Pradesh and the Best City in Housing in all of India in awards conducted by abp news in 2015 ( Best City Awards 2015 ) , Noida replaced Mumbai as the second-best realty destination , according to an analyst report . Noida has emerged as a hot spot for IT and IT-enabled services industry with many large companies setting up their businesses here . It is becoming the preferred destination for companies offering IT , ITeS , BPO , BTO and KPO services in various domains such as banking , financial services , insurance , pharma , auto , fast-moving consumer goods and manufacturing . According to a study by Assocham the major advantages include an excellent power supply , a salubrious climate eminently suited to information technology ( IT ) industries , a capability to increase the pool of skilled manpower , the availability of engineering colleges and other educational institutions , the low cost of setting up an IT unit as well as low recurring costs ( including cost of living ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73b6789c0715beb780bd4ad20a3021c6",
"text": "Putlibowli Putlibowli is one of the suburbs in Nampally , Hyderabad , India . It is connected to the old city of Hyderabad .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92c47ce44d5582dfa8f6b7cdca404426",
"text": "Nayapul Nayapul ( meaning ` new bridge ' ) is a suburb of Hyderabad , Telangana , India . It gets it name from the bridge that was built during the time of the Nizams called as Nayapul because there was already another bridge called Puaranapul .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "378973e42ca7a436e8fb514a4aba379b",
"text": "Sadasivpet Sadasivpet is a town in sangareddy district of the Indian country of Telangana state .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e46230f73e002348509b73bc8df290d",
"text": "Jubilee Hills Jubilee Hills is a posh suburban neighbourhood in west Hyderabad , Telangana . It is one of the most expensive commercial and residential locations in India with prime land prices fetching up to 200,000 ( USD 4,000 ) per square yard . A 6 acre tract of land in the city was sold for nearly 3,340,000,000 ( USD 66,800,000 ) in 2005 . Rental prices on Road Numbers 36 and 37 range from 100-200 rupees per square foot , among the top commercial rental locales in India . This suburb is sandwiched between the wealthy commercial district of Banjara Hills and is located within two kilometers of the Hyderbad 's IT central hub of HITEC City . The natural terrain is mostly rocky and settlements here are of relatively new construction . To its south-east is the KBR National Park , the erstwhile Chiran palace , which is one of the largest urban national parks in India covering an area of 1.58 km ² .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9c203b166f4e0ea5044dc3acb5f6f173 | Rod Serling was known as the "angry young man" of the Capitol. | [
{
"docid": "781f56ce7d1169a22e917800e6d73378",
"text": "Rod Serling Rodman Edward `` Rod '' Serling ( December 25 , 1924 -- June 28 , 1975 ) was an American screenwriter , playwright , television producer , and narrator known for his live television dramas of the 1950s and his science-fiction anthology TV series , The Twilight Zone . Serling was active in politics , both on and off the screen , and helped form television industry standards . He was known as the `` angry young man '' of Hollywood , clashing with television executives and sponsors over a wide range of issues including censorship , racism , and war .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ca9cfdd486d3e435828657567c286f32",
"text": "Rage (King novel) Rage ( written as Getting It On ; the title was changed before publication ) is the first novel by Stephen King published under the pseudonym Richard Bachman . It was first published in 1977 and then was collected in 1985 in the hardcover omnibus The Bachman Books . The novel describes a school shooting , and has been associated with actual high school shooting incidents in the 1980s and 1990s . In response King allowed the novel to fall out of print , and in 2013 he published a non-fiction , anti-firearms violence essay titled `` Guns '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9fa4abbec4c7f507ea56f591ffb8ddc",
"text": "Congressional office buildings The congressional office buildings are the office buildings used by the United States Congress to augment the limited space in the United States Capitol . The congressional office buildings are part of the Capitol Complex are thus under the authority of the Architect of the Capitol and protected by the United States Capitol Police . The office buildings house the individual offices of each U.S. Representative and Senator as well as committee hearing rooms , staff rooms , multiple cafeterias , and areas for support , committee , and maintenance staff . The congressional office buildings are connected to the Capitol by means of several underground trains -- the Capitol Subway System . Congressional pages are responsible for carrying packages and messages from the two chambers to the buildings . The three Senate office buildings are along Constitution Avenue north of the Capitol : Russell Senate Office Building ( RSOB , completed 1908 ) Dirksen Senate Office Building ( DSOB , completed 1958 ) Hart Senate Office Building ( HSOB , completed 1982 ) The three House office buildings are along Independence Avenue south of the Capitol : Cannon House Office Building ( CHOB , completed 1908 ) Longworth House Office Building ( LHOB , completed 1933 ) Rayburn House Office Building ( RHOB , completed 1965 ) A fourth building , the Ford House Office Building , which used to house the FBI 's fingerprint records , sits a few blocks southwest of the others . A fifth building , the O'Neill House Office Building ( previously known as `` House Annex-1 '' ) was named after former Speaker of the House Thomas `` Tip '' O'Neill . It was demolished in 2002 . The U.S. Capitol Complex also includes a Page Residence Hall and the Capitol Power Plant , both on the House side of the Capitol .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "87fcb761513f7118bc6c3c58998da44e",
"text": "Jerry Flint Jerry Flint ( June 20 , 1931 -- August 7 , 2010 ) was a senior automotive editor for Forbes magazine , continuing as a columnist his official retirement in 1996 until his death . Flint also wrote articles for a variety of media , including Ward 's AutoWorld , with whom he continued until his death , from a stroke on August 7 , 2010 . He was sometimes known as `` The Senator , '' and often as the dean of automotive journalism , one of the few in the media whom even senior-level industry leaders would seek out -- which often meant listening to Flint tell them how little they knew , or much they had gotten wrong . That was never more apparent than when he addressed a group of General Motors managers , in early 2001 . `` GM executives , '' he declared , `` do n't seem to understand that the art of the auto business is building desirable vehicles , not killing models and closing plants . '' Nearly a decade before the giant automaker , long the world 's largest , went bankrupt , Flint told them , `` You are badly led , with an organization that does n't work . '' Of Polish Jewish descent , Flint was born in a working-class neighborhood , in Detroit , on June 20 , 1931 , a time when the Great Depression had sunk so deep he and family would walk miles to the Fisher Theater , for a film , hoping to save a few nickels on streetcar fares . He was educated at what was then Detroit 's city college but is now Wayne State University . He finally saw the world beyond as an Army intelligence officer , stationed in Herzogenaurach , Germany , starting in 1953 . Upon his return , Flint entered journalism . By 1958 he was working first in Chicago and then Detroit for the Wall Street Journal . In 1967 he went to work for the New York Times in Detroit and became Detroit Bureau Chief . He moved to New York with the Times and remained there until 1979 , when he moved to Forbes as Washington Bureau Chief . Flint returned to New York with Forbes and again covered the auto industry . Retiring from Forbes editorial staff in 1996 , at the age of 65 , he continued as a columnist ( Backseat Driver ) and contributor until his death on August 7 , 2010 . Flint won the Loeb Award for business and financial reporting , in 2003 , The Journal of Financial Reporting named him one 100 most prominent business reporters of the 20th century . Among the honors he was most proud of , however , was being chosen as one of the 40 finalists for NASA 's Journalist in Space program . The program was canceled following the explosion that destroyed the shuttle Challenger . Flint also served as President of the International Motor Press Association .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96663296bc5309239249c7c25cdfb0bf",
"text": "Servius Tullius Servius Tullius was the legendary sixth king of Rome , and the second of its Etruscan dynasty . He reigned 575 -- 535 BC . Roman and Greek sources describe his servile origins and later marriage to a daughter of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus , Rome 's first Etruscan king , who was assassinated in 579 BC . Servius is said to have been the first Roman king to accede without election by the Senate , having gained the throne by popular support ; and the first to be elected by the Senate alone , without reference to the people . Several traditions describe Servius ' father as divine . Livy depicts Servius ' mother as a captured Latin princess enslaved by the Romans ; her child is chosen as Rome 's future king after a ring of fire is seen around his head . The Emperor Claudius discounted such origins and described him as an originally Etruscan mercenary , named Mastarna , who fought for Caelius Vibenna . Servius was a popular king , and one of Rome 's most significant benefactors . He had military successes against Veii and the Etruscans , and expanded the city to include the Quirinal , Viminal and Esquiline hills . He is traditionally credited with the institution of the Compitalia festivals , the building of temples to Fortuna and Diana and , less plausibly , the invention of Rome 's first true coinage . Despite the opposition of Rome 's patricians , he expanded the Roman franchise and improved the lot and fortune of Rome 's lowest classes of citizens and non-citizens . According to Livy , he reigned for 44 years , until murdered by his daughter Tullia and son-in-law Tarquinius Superbus . In consequence of this `` tragic crime '' and his hubristic arrogance as king , Tarquinius was eventually removed . This cleared the way for the abolition of Rome 's monarchy and the founding of the Roman Republic , whose groundwork had already been laid by Servius ' reforms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9efc987f2f2d2731ef523e0cdc400b9",
"text": "Salle du Manège The indoor riding academy called the Salle du Manège ( -LSB- sal dy manɛʒ -RSB- ) was the seat of deliberations during most of the French Revolution , from 1789 to 1798 . Before the revolution , the Salle du Manège ( `` Riding Hall '' ) , situated along the north end of the Tuileries Gardens to the west of the Tuileries Palace in Paris , was home to the royal equestrian academy . Built during the minority of Louis XV , when it lay conveniently close to the Regent 's Palais Royal , it was allowed to pass afterwards from hand to hand as the site of privately conducted riding schools , though it was never formally sold . On 9 November 1789 the National Constituent Assembly , formerly the Estates-General of 1789 , moved its deliberations from Versailles to the Tuileries in pursuit of Louis XVI of France and installed itself in the Salle du Manège on the palace grounds . Having nationalised the goods of the Church , the Assemblée nationale , requiring more space than the Manège alone could provide , extended its occupation to two adjacent convents , those of the Capuchins , which soon housed the Revolutionary printing presses in its former refectory , and of the Feuillants , whose handsome library received the archives of the Assemblée . The proportions of the Salle du Manège , ten times as long as it was wide , offered poor acoustics for the debates that went on continually under its high vaults . Six tiers of banquettes permitted space for the deputies , ranged on either side of the central tribune , initially planned for the orators ' podium . Seated together for solidarity , the deputies seated themselves according to their political opinions , to right and to left of the president 's desk , The Mountain and the Girondins , with The Plain seated in the lowest rank of banquettes , from which they were wont to cross to the opposite side , as their opinions dictated . The public found places to witness the spectacle at either end of the hall and in the loge seats above . In 1792 the Salle du Manège became the venue for the National Convention . In 1795 under the French Directory , the Council of 500 sat in the structure until the body moved to the Palais-Bourbon in 1798 . In 1799 , the Jacobin Club du Manège had its headquarters there . It would seem that 19th century references to the art of `` manège , '' to describe a style of equestrian riding , derive from here . A March 1847 edition of The Illustrated London News described a performance of Pablo Fanque , the 19th century equestrian and circus performer thus : `` This extraordinary feat of the manège has proved very attractive , as we anticipated in our Journal of last week ; and we have judged the success worthy of graphic commemoration ... '' Further , the paper said , `` Mr. Pablo has trained his black mare to do the most extraordinary feats of the manege , an art hitherto considered to belong only to the French and German professors of equitation , and her style certainly far exceeds anything that has ever yet been brought from the Continent . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b8dfad630410b165b1c2c176cdb8fcb",
"text": "The Spitting Image The Spitting Image : Myth , Memory and the Legacy of Vietnam ( 1998 ) is a book by Vietnam veteran and Sociology professor Jerry Lembcke . The book is an analysis of the widely believed , but historically inaccurate , urban legend that American soldiers were spat upon and insulted by antiwar protesters upon returning home from the Vietnam War . The book examines the origin of the earliest stories ; the popularization of the `` spat-upon image '' through Hollywood movies and fiction literature , and the role of print news media in perpetuating the now iconic image through which the history of the war and antiwar movement has come to be represented . Lembcke contrasts the absence of credible evidence of spitting by antiwar activists with the large body of evidence showing a mutually supportive , empathetic relationship between veterans and antiwar forces . The book documents the efforts of the Nixon Administration to drive a wedge between military servicemen and the antiwar movement by portraying democratic dissent as betrayal of the troops , effectively redirecting blame for failure in Vietnam onto protesters . Coupled with American society 's exaggeration of medical conditions like posttraumatic stress disorder ( PTSD ) and drug abuse among veterans to the point of broadly vilifying the Vietnam veteran as mentally unfit , emotionally volatile and a `` loser '' and `` victim '' , the collective memory about Vietnam has been refocused onto the veteran and away from the war . Lembcke equates this disparagement of the antiwar movement and veterans with the similar ` stab in the back ' myths propagated by Germany and France after their war defeats , as an alibi for why they lost the war . Lembcke details the resurrection of this myth of the spat-upon veteran by later administrations during subsequent Gulf War efforts as a way of silencing public dissent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2039efe2d13b9d2b420524151fd916a7",
"text": "Legislative violence Legislative violence broadly refers to any violent clashes between members of a legislature , often physically inside the legislature and triggered by divisive issues and tight votes . Such clashes have occurred in many countries across time , and notable incidents still regularly occur . Although the sight of brawling politicians is incongruous with a legislature 's stately image , its occupants , like in any other workplace , are still prone to stress and anger . The confrontational nature of politics and the high stakes often add to the simmering tensions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e700a9680540bc1e0014e24e0e0d274",
"text": "Hollywood blacklist The Hollywood blacklist -- as the broader entertainment industry blacklist is generally known -- was the practice of denying employment to screenwriters , actors , directors , musicians , and other American entertainment professionals during the mid-20th century because they were accused of having Communist ties or sympathies . Artists were barred from work on the basis of their alleged membership in or sympathy with the Communist Party USA or refusal to assist investigations into the party 's activities . Even during the period of its strictest enforcement , the late 1940s through the late 1950s , the blacklist was rarely made explicit or verifiable , but it directly damaged the careers of scores of individuals working in the film industry . The first systematic Hollywood blacklist was instituted on November 25 , 1947 , the day after ten writers and directors were cited for contempt of Congress for refusing to testify to the House Un-American Activities Committee . A group of studio executives , acting under the aegis of the Association of Motion Picture Producers , fired the artists -- the so-called Hollywood Ten -- and made what has become known as the Waldorf Statement . On June 22 , 1950 , a pamphlet entitled Red Channels was published . Focused on the field of broadcasting , it identified 151 entertainment industry professionals in the context of `` Red Fascists and their sympathizers . '' Soon , most of those named , along with a host of other artists , were barred from employment in most of the entertainment field . The blacklist lasted until 1960 , when Dalton Trumbo , a Communist Party member from 1943 to 1948 and member of the Hollywood Ten , was credited as the screenwriter of the highly successful film Exodus , and later publicly acknowledged by actor Kirk Douglas for writing the screenplay for the movie Spartacus . A number of those blacklisted , however , were still barred from work in their professions for years afterward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7221af57747b563bb624742d3eac370",
"text": "Rod Blagojevich Rod Blagojevich ( -LSB- bləˈɡɔɪ.əvɪtʃ -RSB- , born December 10 , 1956 ) is an American politician and former professional boxer who served as the 40th Governor of Illinois from 2003 until his impeachment in 2009 . A Democrat , Blagojevich was a state representative before being elected to the United States House of Representatives representing parts of Chicago . He was elected governor in 2002 , the first Democrat to win the office since Dan Walker 's victory 30 years earlier . Blagojevich was impeached and removed from office for corruption ; he solicited bribes for political appointments , including Barack Obama 's vacant U.S. Senate seat after he was elected president in 2008 , and was convicted and sentenced to 14 years in federal prison .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cf30caeee151e95c62798a93683d3acd",
"text": "We begin bombing in five minutes On August 11 , 1984 , United States President Ronald Reagan , while running for re-election , was preparing to make his weekly Saturday radio address on National Public Radio . During a sound check before the address , Reagan made the following joke to the radio technicians : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you today that I 've signed legislation that will outlaw Russia forever . We begin bombing in five minutes . '' The joke was a parody of the opening line of that day 's speech : `` My fellow Americans , I 'm pleased to tell you that today I signed legislation that will allow student religious groups to begin enjoying a right they 've too long been denied -- the freedom to meet in public high schools during nonschool hours , just as other student groups are allowed to do . '' Contrary to popular misconception , this microphone gaffe was not broadcast over the air , but rather leaked later to the general populace . But the Tokyo newspaper Yomiuri Shimbun reported in October 1984 that the Soviet Far East Army was placed on alert after word of the statement got out and that the alert was not withdrawn until 30 minutes later . An unnamed aide to US Representative Michael Barnes ( D-Md . ) confirmed that the Pentagon was aware of the alert . There was no report of any change in the DEFCON level for the United States . The Soviet reaction , and mild confusion it created , was covered by NBC news anchor Tom Brokaw . This was not the first time Reagan had joked before giving a speech or address . The Soviet official news agency , TASS , condemned the joke , declaring that `` The USSR condemns this unprecedented and hostile attack by the US President '' and that `` this kind of behavior is incompatible with the great responsibility borne by heads of nuclear states for the destinies of their own people and mankind '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "334023e806946ea13029bda3fed2a3ae",
"text": "The Selling of the President 1968 The Selling of the President 1968 is a non-fiction book written by American author Joe McGinniss and published by Trident Press in October , 1969 . The book describes the marketing of Richard Nixon during the 1968 presidential campaign . It has been described as `` a classic of political journalism '' and a `` classic of campaign reporting that first introduced many readers to the stage-managed world of political theater . '' It was reprinted in 1988 under the title The Selling of the President . McGinniss became an overnight success when the book , his first , landed on The New York Times bestseller list . He was 26 years old , making him the youngest living writer with that achievement . The book was on the New York Times non-fiction bestseller list for 31 weeks from October 1969 to May 1970 . The idea for the book came to McGinniss almost serendipitously : -LSB- He -RSB- stumbled across his book 's topic while taking a train to New York . A fellow commuter had just landed the Hubert Humphrey account and was boasting that ` in six weeks we 'll have him looking better than Abraham Lincoln . ' McGinniss tried to get access to Humphrey 's campaign first , but they turned him down . So he called up Nixon 's , and they said yes . '' . The book was very well received by both critics and the public . It `` spent more than six months on best-sellers lists , and McGinniss sold a lot of those books through television , appearing on the titular shows of Merv Griffin , David Frost and Dick Cavett , among others . '' Conservative writer William F. Buckley `` assumed McGinniss had relied on ` an elaborate deception which has brought joy and hope to the Nixon-haters . ' But even Buckley liked the book . '' In 1972 , the book was adapted into a short-lived Broadway musical .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1011b51a4a3f1d2d2555b3e6c90ada5",
"text": "Dick Young (sportswriter) Dick Young ( October 17 , 1917 -- August 30 , 1987 ) was a sportswriter best known for his direct and abrasive style , and his 45-year association with the New York Daily News . He was elected to the writers ' wing of the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1978 , and was a former president of the Baseball Writers ' Association of America . Young was the first sportswriter to treat the clubhouse as a central and necessary part of the sports `` beat '' , and his success at ferreting out scoops and insights from within the previously private sanctum of the team was influential and often imitated . The Boston Globe '' 's Bob Ryan said of Young , `` He 's the guy that broke ground , the guy who went into the locker room , and that changed everything . '' A self-professed Republican , Young sided frequently with owners of professional sports teams engaging in public contractual debates with players , most notoriously in 1977 when he described Mets ace pitcher Tom Seaver , a three-time Cy Young Award winner , as `` a pouting , griping , morale-breaking clubhouse lawyer . '' < Schoor , Gene . Seaver . Chicago : Contemporary Books Inc. , 1986 : 238 > In 2000 , Ira Berkow chose Young as one of the seven sportswriters who 'd made the greatest impact on their profession , along with Red Smith , Grantland Rice , Ring Lardner , Damon Runyon , Jimmy Cannon , and Jim Murray . According to Jack Ziegler in the Dictionary of Literary Biography , Young was a `` key transitional figure '' between the `` gentlemanly '' sports reporting of old-time writers like Grantland Rice and Arthur Daley . Upon his death , The New York Times described Young 's prose style : `` With all the subtlety of a knee in the groin , Dick Young made people gasp ... He could be vicious , ignorant , trivial and callous , but for many years he was the epitome of the brash , unyielding yet sentimental Damon Runyon sportswriter . '' Esquire Magazine called Young 's writing `` coarse and simpleminded , like a cave painting . But it is superbly crafted . '' Ross Wetzsteon wrote that Young had `` singlehandedly replaced the pompous poetry of the press box with the cynical poetry of the streets . '' In his book The Boys of Summer '' , Roger Kahn called Young `` spiky , self-educated , and New York . '' Characteristically , Young described his approach to sportswriting simply : `` Tell people what 's going on , and what you think is going on . Bread-and-butter stuff , meat-and-potato stuff . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0b323276c6f64434ae072eb1ca51ce6",
"text": "Death row Death row is a special section of a prison in the United States that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of a capital crime . The US is the only Western country that still applies the death penalty for capital crimes . Thirty-one of its 50 states and the federal government authorize this penalty . But by 2016 , sixteen of these states and the federal government had a formal or `` de facto '' moratorium , due in large part to questions about the death penalty itself or the use of lethal injection as a method of execution . `` Death row '' is a term also used figuratively to describe the state of awaiting execution ( `` being on death row '' ) , even in places where no special facility or separate unit for condemned inmates exists . After a person is found guilty of a capital offense , the judge will give the jury the option of imposing a death sentence or life imprisonment without the possibility of parole ( LWOP ) . It is up to a jury to decide whether to give the death sentence ; this usually has to be a unanimous decision . If sentenced to death , a convict will remain on death row during appeal and habeas corpus procedures , which can take years . Since 1973 and later , with an increasing number of persons being freed since 1993 , some 157 persons as of January 2017 have been exonerated on appeal and released from death row . Wrongful convictions have been proven based on DNA evidence , informants retracting testimony or being proven false , prosecutorial misconduct , racial bias in jury selection , and other constitutional issues .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6cce6768bd278865faf0ac7d5bcdc62d",
"text": "Rodger Young Rodger Young may refer to : Rodger Wilton Young ( 1918 -- 1943 ) , American Medal of Honor recipient , subject of `` The Ballad of Rodger Young '' Rodger Young , a starship named for Rodger Wilton Young in the 1959 novel and 1997 film Starship Troopers Rodger Young Village , a public housing project in Southern California",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4c7609f939afa1e742761f2448e22d1",
"text": "Mr. Cranky Mr. Cranky , a satirical film critic , was created in 1995 by Jason Katzman and Hans Bjordahl . The Cranky personae premises that all movies are terrible ; at issue , solely , is the severity of pain , insult , discomfort or idiocy projected , injected , ingested , subjected or otherwise presented . There are no good films in the Cranky pantheon ; only films which inflict greater or lesser suffering . Subtextually , the Mr. Cranky website is a comment on an uncritical film-reviewing culture . In contrast to boilerplate , overly effusive reviews -- often including declarations that incorporate a film 's theme or title in a pun or play-on-words -- the Cranky review is received on the originality of its portrayal of physical suffering and mental anguish effected by the viewing experience . The movies are rated on a six-step scale , with the least bad ( i.e. best ) film receiving one `` bomb . '' Films that cause greater suffering receive additional `` bombs . '' ( Up to four . ) Movies deemed particularly offensive receive a Dynamite or `` Boomstick '' rating . The worst films ( i.e. those Cranky has marked as irredeemable -- `` Proof that Jesus died in vain '' in classic Cranky vernacular ) receive the Animated Atomic Explosion or `` Kaboom ! '' rating . In October 2001 , a `` guest reviewer '' named Mr. Smiley appeared . A post-modern reflection of the Cranky character 's anti-reviews , Mr. Smiley is a mirror opposite of the Mr. Cranky personae : all reviews are hyperbolically positive . Mr. Smiley is a stereotypical smiley face smelling a pink Freesia flower , appearing every year near Halloween . Consistent with the theme , the Smiley character has a rising five-step scale going from one smiley face to the `` Prozacerrific ! '' Happy Pill . Consistent with other 20th-century artists including the post World War I Dadaists ( Absurdists ) and post-modern anti-art of the 1960s -- best embodied by Warhol 's `` pop art '' works and Lichenstein 's self-portraits -- Mr. Smilely was an effective ironic tool used to comment on the deficiencies of uncritical analysis and review .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d7841c6ff75de25b25f73b25019c3116",
"text": "New York State Capitol The New York State Capitol , the seat of New York State government , is located in Albany , the capital city of the U.S. state of New York . The capitol building is part of the Empire State Plaza complex on State Street in Capitol Park . Housing the New York State Legislature , the building was completed in 1899 at a cost of US$ 25 million ( equivalent to $ million in ) , making it the most expensive government building of its time . It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1971 , then included as a contributing property when the Lafayette Park Historic District was listed in 1978 . The New York State Capitol was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1979 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7cc63a4bf2ec25728bd758f09ad5238",
"text": "Roman army mutiny in 342 BC Several ancient authors have written descriptions of a Roman army mutiny in 342 BC.The Romans customarily dated events by noting which consuls held office that year , the mutiny took place in the year in which Quintus Servilius Ahala , for the third time , and Gaius Marcius Rutilus , for the fourth time , were consuls . When converted to the western calendar using the traditional Varronian chronology this year becomes 342 BC . However modern historians have shown that the Varronian chronology dates the mutiny four years too early due to inclusion of unhistorical `` dictator years '' . Despite this known inaccuracy , the Varronian chronology remains in use by convention also in current academic literature . Forsythe ( 2005 ) , pp. 369-370 According to the most well-known version , the mutiny originated in a group of Roman garrison soldiers wintering in Campania to protect the cities there against the Samnites . Subverted by the luxurious living of the Campanians , these soldiers conspired to take over their host cities . When the conspiracy was discovered , the conspirators formed a rebel army and marched against Rome . They were met by an army commanded by Marcus Valerius Corvus who had been nominated dictator to solve the crisis . Rather than do battle , Corvus managed to end the mutiny by peaceful means . All the mutineers received amnesty for their part in the rebellion and a series of laws were passed to address their political grievances . All preserved accounts of the mutiny were however written several hundred years after the events they describe . Modern historians have found many elements in the classical accounts resembling the civil strife of the Late Republic which they consider anachronistic to the Roman Republic of the late 4th century BC . Some even believe the mutiny to be entirely invented by writers wishing to provide a context for the important political reforms they knew had been legislated in 342 BC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "18e67f79d25620c7d7ec7f0a5769b1da",
"text": "Mark Foley scandal The Mark Foley scandal , which broke in late September 2006 , centers on soliciting e-mails and sexually suggestive instant messages sent by Mark Foley , a Republican Congressman from Florida , to teenaged boys who had formerly served as congressional pages . Investigation was closed by the Florida Department of Law Enforcement ( FDLE ) on September 19 , 2008 citing insufficient evidence to pursue criminal charges as both `` Congress and Mr. Foley denied us access to critical data '' , said FDLE Commissioner Gerald Bailey . The scandal grew to encompass the response of Republican congressional leaders to previous complaints about Foley 's contacts with the pages and inconsistencies in the leaders ' public statements . There were also allegations that a second Republican Congressman , Jim Kolbe , had improper conduct with at least two youths , a 16-year-old page and a recently graduated page . The scandal led to Foley 's resignation from Congress on September 29 , 2006 . In some quarters , the scandal is believed to have contributed to the Republican Party 's loss of control over Congress in the November 7 , 2006 election , as well as the end of House Speaker Dennis Hastert 's leadership of the House Republicans . Kirk Fordham , chief of staff to Rep. Tom Reynolds and former chief of staff for Foley , also resigned as a result of the scandal . Newsweek 's June 7 , 2010 , issue 's BACK STORY listed Foley , among others , as a prominent conservative politician who had a record of anti-gay legislation and was later caught in a gay sex scandal . The questionable conversations , which took place between 1995 and 2005 , were investigated by the FBI for possible criminal violations . In September 2008 , Florida officials investigating Foley decided not to charge him , citing a lack of evidence and the expiration of the statute of limitations . The House Ethics Committee investigated the response of the House Republican leadership and their staff to earlier warnings about Foley 's conduct . In early October 2006 , two news organizations anonymously quoted former pages who said that they had sexual liaisons with Foley after turning 18 and 21 . Foley was chairman of the House Caucus on Missing and Exploited Children , which introduced legislation targeting sexual predators and created stricter guidelines for tracking them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a17da1034b2f12c7e9de508cece0cd28",
"text": "Early life and career of Gene Roddenberry Eugene Wesley `` Gene '' Roddenberry ( August 19 , 1921 -- October 24 , 1991 ) was an American television screenwriter , producer and futurist best remembered for creating the original Star Trek television series . He was born in El Paso , Texas , but grew up in Los Angeles , California where his father worked as a police officer . While at school , the young Roddenberry majored in police science and became interested in aeronautical engineering . He obtained a pilot 's license through the Civilian Pilot Training Program . Following his graduation , he signed up for the United States Army Air Corps and he enlisted after the attack on Pearl Harbor . He was commissioned on August 5 , 1942 , and was posted to the Pacific Theater of Operations where he joined the 394th Bomb Squadron , 5th Bombardment Group , of the Thirteenth Air Force . He flew Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress in an estimated 89 combat missions . After being rotated back to the United States he was promoted to Captain and became an air crash investigator . During his military career , he was involved in two plane crashes and was awarded both the Air Medal and the Distinguished Flying Cross . Once a civilian , he began to fly long-haul routes for Pan American World Airways . He was involved in a further crash in June 1947 , where the Clipper Eclipse crashed in the Syrian desert . After pulling injured passengers out of the burning plane , he led the party which sought help . After a further incident , he resigned from Pan-Am , seeking to write for television instead . However , he joined the Los Angeles Police Department , initially in the traffic division but transferred to the newspaper unit where he worked with Chief William H. Parker as a speech writer . He landed the role of technical adviser for a television version of Mr. District Attorney , which led to him writing scripts for the series under the pseudonym of `` Robert Wesley '' . This led to a series of collaborations with Ziv Television Programs , and he resigned from the police on June 7 , 1956 , in order to take up a writing position on the staff of The West Point Story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22bb41cde2b4874f6a216bce82c62b07",
"text": "Dictator A dictator is a political leader who wields absolute power . A state ruled by a dictator is called a dictatorship . The word originated as the title of a magistrate in the Roman Republic appointed by the Senate to rule the republic in times of emergency ( see Roman dictator and justitium ) . Like the term `` tyrant '' ( which was originally a respectable Ancient Greek title ) , and to a lesser degree `` autocrat '' , `` dictator '' came to be used almost exclusively as a non-titular term for oppressive , even abusive rule , yet had rare modern titular use . In modern usage , the term `` dictator '' is generally used to describe a leader who holds and/or abuses an extraordinary amount of personal power , especially the power to make laws without effective restraint by a legislative assembly . Dictatorships are often characterised by some of the following traits : suspension of elections and of civil liberties ; proclamation of a state of emergency ; rule by decree ; repression of political opponents without abiding by rule of law procedures ; these include one-party state , and cult of personality . The term `` dictator '' is comparable to but not synonymous with the ancient concept of a tyrant ; initially `` tyrant '' , like `` dictator '' , did not carry negative connotations . A wide variety of leaders coming to power in a number of different kinds of regimes , such as military juntas , one-party states and civilian governments under personal rule , have been described as dictators . They may hold left or right-wing views , or may be apolitical .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
91c9840bb5c27d83c74d5b3e60a8b73e | The Twelfth Doctor is a TV show protagonist. | [
{
"docid": "31242caa5ab97006853fd41adc7871b8",
"text": "Twelfth Doctor The Twelfth Doctor is an incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the BBC science fiction television programme Doctor Who . He is portrayed by Scottish actor Peter Capaldi . Within the series ' narrative , the Doctor is a time travelling , humanoid alien from a race known as the Time Lords . When the Doctor is critically injured , he can regenerate his body , and in doing so gain a new physical appearance , and with it a distinct new personality ; this plot mechanism has allowed the Doctor to be portrayed by a series of actors over the decades since the programme 's inception in 1963 . Capaldi 's portrayal of the Doctor is a spiky , brusque , contemplative , and pragmatic character who conceals his emotions in the course of making tough and sometimes ruthless decisions . Capaldi made his first , very brief appearance as the Doctor in the show 's fiftieth anniversary special `` The Day of the Doctor '' ( 2013 ) , as one of the thirteen incarnations of the Doctor who are summoned to save Gallifrey from destruction . Capaldi 's first full appearance as the Doctor was at the end of the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . He is accompanied in the eighth and ninth series by companion Clara Oswald ( Jenna Coleman ) . He also appeared in `` For Tonight We Might Die '' , the first episode of the 2016 spin-off series Class . In the tenth series of Doctor Who , he is accompanied by two new companions : Nardole ( Matt Lucas ) and Bill Potts ( Pearl Mackie ) . On 30 January 2017 , Capaldi announced he would be leaving the programme , with the 2017 Christmas episode being his last .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "ee3da5ad7b748ca6a5c8e73e3df331e0",
"text": "The Crooked World The Crooked World is a BBC Books original novel written by Steve Lyons and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . It features the Eighth Doctor , Fitz and Anji .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0fd353359f873fd2f4e64357b9a1cce8",
"text": "Doctor Who (series 9) The ninth series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who premiered on 19 September 2015 with `` The Magician 's Apprentice '' and concluded on 5 December 2015 with `` Hell Bent '' . The series was led by head writer and executive producer Steven Moffat , alongside executive producer Brian Minchin . Nikki Wilson , Peter Bennett , and Derek Ritchie served as producers . The series is the ninth to air following the programme 's revival in 2005 , and is the thirty-fifth season overall . This is the second series starring Peter Capaldi as the Twelfth Doctor , an alien Time Lord who travels through time and space in his TARDIS , which is disguised as a British police box . It also stars Jenna Coleman as the Doctor 's companion , Clara Oswald , for her third and final series in the role . Also playing a major recurring role in the series is Maisie Williams as Ashildr , a Viking girl made immortal by the Doctor , which leads to major events resulting of her encounters with the Doctor . The series ' main story arc revolves around the mystery of a being called the Hybrid , the combination of two great warrior races . The Hybrid is alluded to with the appearance of many other hybrids such as Osgood and Ashildr , with both being dramatically revealed as being hybrids . The Doctor 's investigation into this being ultimately leads him back to his home planet of Gallifrey , which returns fully in the series . Steven Moffat wrote four episodes solo and co-wrote an additional two . The other writers who worked on this series included Toby Whithouse , Jamie Mathieson , Catherine Tregenna , Peter Harness , Mark Gatiss , and Sarah Dollard . Directors of the series included ones who had previously worked with Moffat on the show , and brand new ones . Filming began on 5 January 2015 . The ninth series received high acclaim from critics , with many labelling it as the show 's strongest season to date . Aspects of the series that were met with the most praise included the writing , directing , and structure of the series , as well as the performances of Peter Capaldi , Jenna Coleman and Maisie Williams .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d52afbddcaf3ee7dfb09a53d9f5e28f",
"text": "Twelfth Night (1966 film) Twelfth Night is a 1966 Australian TV version of the play by William Shakespeare . It starred Roger Climpson and Helen Morse and was directed by Ken Hannam . It screened as part of Wednesday Theatre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8dd0566ce2e7d25084f20100ed12ef8",
"text": "Alien Arena `` Alien Arena '' is a BBC Books adventure book written by Richard Dungworth and is based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . It features the Tenth Doctor and Martha . This is part of the Decide Your Destiny series which makes you choose what happens in the books .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0708f2a47cb698fda346226dcacb7bf5",
"text": "Chris Cwej Christopher Rodonanté Cwej , usually just known as Chris Cwej , is a fictional character from the Virgin New Adventures range of spin-offs based on the BBC science fiction television series Doctor Who . His surname should technically be pronounced `` Shvay '' , but he pronounces it `` Kwedge '' rather than keep correcting people . His first appearance was in the novel Original Sin by Andy Lane , with his adjudicator partner Roz Forrester . Adjudicators are the police force of 30th century Earth , which was at that time divided into the Overcity and the Undercity . Chris was born in 2954 to a family who lived in the lower levels of the Overcity . Chris 's father , Volsted Kornbluth Cwej , was also an adjudicator . Chris 's father was fairly old when Chris was born , having retired from the Adjudicators the previous year , 2953 , after 48 years of service , and he is well over 70 years old when the young Chris meets the Doctor . Chris 's grandfather died when Chris was only five , and Chris cried when he saw his grandfather being put into a coffin . A more distant ancestor , possibly a great grandfather was Nathaniel Cwej . Even further back , there was a Cwej involved with the founding of the Adjudicators , and the family have had a long association with the Adjudicators ever since . Chris 's accent sounds American , although his home would once have been considered a part of England , and his surname may have a Germanic/Saxon derivation . Chris is tall , blonde and muscular , and when he first met the Seventh Doctor and Bernice , he had had a `` body bepple '' ( bodily alteration ) which made him look like a teddy bear . He and Roz were investigating a murder case in Undercity in the year 2975 when they encountered the Doctor and Bernice . They helped the Doctor defeat his old enemy Tobias Vaughn , who had been manipulating human advancement since the 20th century . Having realise the extent of corruption in the Earth Empire and the Adjudicators , Chris and Roz chose to leave in the TARDIS . Chris and Roz travelled with the Doctor for many adventures . In this eventful period , Chris fathered two daughters : Jasmine Surprise Cwej-Hutchings with Ishtar Hutchings , and iKrissi with Dep of the People . After Roz 's death in battle , Chris continued to travel with the Doctor for a short time , but the event had a profound effect on him . During the events of Eternity Weeps , the Doctor 's former companion Liz Shaw contracted a deadly virus and begged Chris to kill her , however he was unable to do it . This and the subsequent death of millions of people from the virus caused Chris to question himself and first consider quitting the TARDIS . It took the apparent death of the Doctor in Japan to make him put aside his doubts and help protect the people of the local village from the local warlord , who wanted an alien device in their possession . The Doctor and Chris then travelled to the Doctor 's home planet of Gallifrey , where the Doctor faced members of his House and many dark secrets were revealed . After this , Chris decided to travel alone using a time ring given to him by Romana . The book which depicts Chris 's sexual encounter with a gay man , Damaged Goods , was written by future executive producer of the series Russell T Davies , whose works often include gay themes . Much like Davies ' later introduction to the series proper , Jack Harkness , Cwej opines that sexuality is not an issue where he comes from .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ce87e22f0a792f3ddfa5bfa0ec4bf4c",
"text": "Waking the Dead (TV series) Waking the Dead is a British television police procedural crime drama series produced by the BBC featuring a fictional London-based Cold Case unit composed of CID police officers , a psychological profiler and a forensic scientist . A pilot episode aired in September 2000 , and there were a total of nine series . Each story is split into two hour-long episodes , shown on consecutive nights on BBC One . A third series episode won an International Emmy Award in 2004 . The programme was also shown on BBC America in the United States , though these screenings are edited to allow for advertising breaks , as well as UKTV in Australia and New Zealand and ABC1 in Australia . The show aired its final episode on 11 April 2011 . A spin-off from the series , titled The Body Farm , revolving around forensic scientist Eve Lockhart ( Tara Fitzgerald ) , was announced by the BBC in January 2011 and ran for just one series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78538512a29e0f399f2b1cf04625f491",
"text": "Doctor Who Magazine Doctor Who Magazine ( abbreviated as DWM ) is a magazine devoted to the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Its current editor is Tom Spilsbury , who has been with the magazine since 2003 . It is currently recognised by Guinness World Records as the longest running TV tie-in magazine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8b0de29283032b238cc0deb6e2c25c51",
"text": "The Trial of a Time Lord The Trial of a Time Lord is a 14-part science fiction serial in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . The serial , produced as the show 's twenty-third season , aired in weekly episodes from 6 September to 6 December 1986 . The only Doctor Who presentation of its kind , it contains four adventures : The Mysterious Planet , Mindwarp , Terror of the Vervoids , and The Ultimate Foe -- Colin Baker 's final story . The idea for the serial stemmed from several production changes to Doctor Who , such as reduced screen time for the season and a request from BBC controller Michael Grade that the series contain less violence and more humour . Several problems occurred during production , including the death of scriptwriter Robert Holmes , and the resignation of script editor Eric Saward . This was the last serial to star Colin Baker because he was dismissed from the role when it ended .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a39bc6b265c8100112524f8b0eb0f74",
"text": "The Thirteenth Tale (film) The Thirteenth Tale is a British drama television film that first broadcast on BBC Two on 30 December 2013 . It is an adaptation of Diane Setterfield 's gothic novel The Thirteenth Tale .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "419c09195125694796dba76660755482",
"text": "The Long Game `` The Long Game '' is the seventh episode of the first series of the British science fiction television programme Doctor Who that was first broadcast on 7 May 2005 on BBC One . It was written by executive producer Russell T Davies and directed by Brian Grant . In the episode , alien time traveller the Doctor ( Christopher Eccleston ) and his companion Rose Tyler ( Billie Piper ) , having been joined by near-future genius Adam Mitchell ( Bruno Langley ) , land on Satellite 5 in the far future . Satellite 5 is a space station that broadcasts news across the entire human empire . However , the Doctor notices that the station is suspicious : there are no aliens , and those who are promoted to Floor 500 seem to disappear . The Doctor and Rose discover that the Editor ( Simon Pegg ) and an alien are controlling the rest of humanity by way of the press . Meanwhile , Adam makes a mistake that forces the Doctor and Rose to take him home . The concept of `` The Long Game '' was originally submitted by Davies to the Doctor Who script office in the 1980s . Davies had also been interested in doing a storyline about a failed companion . In addition , critics have pointed out that the story is a satire on the media . Production for the episode took place in November and December 2004 , with some location filming in Coryton , Cardiff . `` The Long Game '' was watched by 8.01 million viewers in the UK and received generally mixed reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "640a5e6880eccc62540d732ff8f0e32d",
"text": "Twelfth Night (1988 film) Twelfth Night , or , What You Will is a videotaped 1988 television adaptation of Kenneth Branagh 's stage production for the Renaissance Theatre Company of William Shakespeare 's Twelfth Night first broadcast in the UK by ITV on 30 December 1988 . Made by Thames Television , in collaboration with Renaissance , it stars Frances Barber as Viola and Richard Briers as Malvolio . The recording was shot on a single set with the appearance of a wintry garden . The costumes are Victorian , and the time of year is Christmas . Michael Brooke , in his piece for the BFI 's screenonline website , particularly commends Briers performance . His `` Malvolio is a delight , segueing seamlessly from self-righteous pomposity at inappropriate revelry to truly grotesque self-delusion as he proffers love to his mistress while clad in yellow stockings '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6d35a8ffbcd839b9d5b5cc8068297830",
"text": "Doctor Who: The Mazes of Time Doctor Who : The Mazes of Time is a video game for the Apple iOS platform based on the BBC TV series Doctor Who . It is the first official Doctor Who game to be released through the App Store and was released on the Android platform in August 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "997d22cb88a384d4d2f1ba05070e3112",
"text": "Doctors (series 1) Series one of the long-running BBC television medical soap opera Doctors '' first aired on 26 March 2000 . The first series ran for 41 episodes . This series concluded on 19 May 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7dac8eb0cd706ef69f8ffd097c7944ed",
"text": "History of UNIT UNIT ( UNified Intelligence Taskforce , formerly United Nations Intelligence Taskforce ) is a fictional military organisation from the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Operating under the auspices of the United Nations , its purpose is to investigate and combat paranormal and extraterrestrial threats to the Earth . As is common in long-running series whose back-stories are not mapped out in advance , and which are also the product of many different writers over the course of years , the fictional history of UNIT has seen retroactive changes which have caused some continuity problems .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8023bccb363eb78374ef4aface132137",
"text": "Valhalla (audio drama) Valhalla is a Big Finish Productions audio drama based on the long-running British science fiction television series '' Doctor Who .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86261b8a65cc50f2f8f37aae340f3605",
"text": "The Twelfth Man The Twelfth Man ( also known as The 12th Man ) is the name for a series of comedy productions by Australian satirist Billy Birmingham . Birmingham , a skilled impersonator , is generally known for parodying Australian sports commentators ' voices . As befits the name ( a reference to the non-playing reserve in an eleven-player cricket side ) , Birmingham particularly focuses on cricket commentators such as Richie Benaud , Bill Lawry and Tony Greig . This is also because many of Australia 's cricket commentators have distinctive and easily identifiable voices and accents . The parodies , released periodically on CD , are designed as a comical look `` behind the scenes '' of the Nine Network 's cricket commentary . Birmingham traditionally plays all the roles ( with the exception of Ken Sutcliffe , who played himself ; and some minor female characters , such as Richie Benaud 's secretary ) . Benaud himself sent a critique of each CD to Birmingham and was known to have a mixed opinion of the recordings , due predominantly to Birmingham 's use of profanity . All albums were produced and engineered by David Frogatt . The 12th Man 's most popular song is `` Marvellous ! '' featuring all the main three commentators . It was first recorded as a single in 1991 , with backing vocals by Jimmy Barnes , John Farnham , Diesel and Glenn Shorrock among others . An updated version , with some of the commentators changed , was featured on Still the 12th Man . He has since released an updated version of the song entitled `` Marvellous 2006 '' on his latest album Boned ! . It can be heard at the 12th Man 's MySpace . In an article in the Sydney Morning Herald on 22 November 2009 , Birmingham announced that Boned ! would be his last studio album as The Twelfth Man .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0f63e87f9a7339b3134b10ea741f8e3f",
"text": "Draconian (Doctor Who) The Draconians are an extraterrestrial race . They were featured in the British science fiction television series Doctor Who . Their only television appearance to date was in the 1973 serial Frontier in Space . Unlike many `` monster '' races in Doctor Who , the Draconians were articulate and portrayed as having a sophisticated and advanced culture like feudal Japan . In later interviews , Jon Pertwee cited the Draconians as his favourite of all the monsters he had encountered during his time as the Doctor . The Draconian Empire was a vast spacefaring feudal civilisation of reptilian humanoids , centered on the planet Draconia , with a society stratifed along class and gender lines ( for example , females were not permitted to speak in the presence of the Emperor ) that was bound by a strong code of honour . The Draconian Empire dated back to at least the 21st century , when a space plague that afflicted their world was dealt with by the Doctor . For his services , the 15th Emperor made the Doctor a noble of Draconia . The Earth Empire 's first contact with the Draconian Empire was in the year 2520 . The ship sent by the Draconians for the peace mission was a battlecruiser , as befitted a noble of Draconia , although ( as agreed ) its missile banks were empty and it was otherwise unarmed . However , both Draconian and Earth ships were caught in a neutron storm , damaging the Earth ship and destroying the Draconian ship 's communications systems . As a result , the Draconian ship was unable to respond to the Earth ship 's signals . The commander of the Earth ship saw what he perceived to be a battlecruiser bearing down on his crippled vessel and gave the order to attack , destroying the battlecruiser and triggering off a brief but bloody war in which millions of lives were lost . An uneasy peace was negotiated in the end , leading to two decades of cold war and the carving out of a frontier between the two empires . In 2540 , several incidents involving attacks on cargo freighters along their respective borders nearly led to the war turning hot once more , with both sides accusing the other of piracy and violating the frontier . These attacks turned out to be the work of Ogron mercenaries under the orders of the renegade Time Lord known as the Master , who was using a sonic hypnosis device to make the Earth crews see the Ogrons as Draconians and vice versa . The Master had allied himself with the Daleks , who were launching another bid for galactic conquest and hoped to pick up the pieces after a new Earth-Draconia War . The plot was revealed by the Third Doctor , and instead of going to war against each other , the two empires united against the Daleks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f97abd1475e07320fe564b8854e844ab",
"text": "The Rescue (Doctor Who) The Rescue is the third serial of the second season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who , which was first broadcast in two weekly parts on 2 January and 9 January 1965 on BBC1 . It was written by outgoing story editor David Whitaker and directed by Christopher Barry . The Rescue was produced in a six-episode block with The Romans and was the first story produced in Doctor Who second production block . Rehearsals and recording took place from 30 November to 11 December 1964 , entirely in-studio . The two episodes were watched by 12 and 13 million viewers in the UK respectively and have received generally positive reviews from critics , who praise the character-based storytelling , although plot holes were noted . Both episodes of The Rescue have been retained in the BBC archives , and the story has been novelised and released on VHS and DVD . The serial is notable as the first appearance of Maureen O'Brien as companion Vicki .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ead303031e27b1a9614d1a92d47f366",
"text": "List of non-televised Seventh Doctor stories In addition to the televised episodes of Doctor Who starring Sylvester McCoy , the Seventh Doctor has appeared in a number of spin-off media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ab99de8d4f93465670307994db36804",
"text": "Sixth Doctor comic stories The Sixth Doctor comic stories is a range of off-screen adventures featuring the sixth incarnation of the Doctor , the protagonist of the hit sci-fi series Doctor Who . Continuing the themes of the televised series , every story sees the Doctor travelling to a new destination and fighting evil and righting wrongs .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
287fd131ae02a12e655ae9c4129d1b24 | Colin Farrell is a Gemini. | [
{
"docid": "165faad2a4e460f425e02c3a7c1c01d9",
"text": "Colin Farrell Colin James Farrell ( born 31 May 1976 ) is an Irish actor . Farrell appeared in the BBC drama Ballykissangel in 1998 , made his film debut in the Tim Roth-directed drama The War Zone in 1999 , and was discovered by Hollywood when Joel Schumacher cast him in the lead role in the war drama Tigerland in 2000 . He then starred in Schumacher 's psychological thriller Phone Booth ( 2002 ) where he plays a hostage in a New York city phone booth and the American thrillers S.W.A.T. ( 2003 ) and The Recruit ( 2003 ) , establishing his international box-office appeal . During that time , he also appeared in Steven Spielberg 's science fiction thriller Minority Report ( 2002 ) and as the villain Bullseye in the superhero film Daredevil ( 2003 ) . After starring in the independent films Intermission ( 2003 ) and A Home at the End of the World ( 2004 ) , Farrell headed Oliver Stone 's biopic Alexander ( 2004 ) and Terrence Malick 's The New World ( 2005 ) . Roles in Michael Mann 's Miami Vice ( 2006 ) , the adaptation of John Fante 's Ask the Dust ( 2006 ) , and Woody Allen 's Cassandra 's Dream ( 2007 ) followed , underscoring Farrell 's popularity among Hollywood writers and directors ; however , it was his role in Martin McDonagh 's In Bruges ( 2008 ) that earned him a Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . Farrell starred in the black comedy film Horrible Bosses ( 2011 ) , for which he received critical praise , along with the comedy-horror film Fright Night ( 2011 ) and the sci-fi action film Total Recall ( 2012 ) , both remakes , and McDonagh 's second feature , the black comedy crime film Seven Psychopaths ( 2012 ) . He also starred in the Niels Arden Oplev action film Dead Man Down ( 2013 ) , and as Travers Goff in the period drama Saving Mr. Banks ( 2013 ) . In 2014 , Farrell starred as Peter Lake in the supernatural fable Winter 's Tale , an adaptation of the novel of the same name by Mark Helprin . In 2015 , he starred as Detective Ray Velcoro in the second season of HBO 's True Detective , and also starred in the film The Lobster , for which he was nominated for his second Golden Globe Award for Best Actor -- Motion Picture Musical or Comedy . In 2016 , he portrayed Percival Graves in the Harry Potter spin-off film Fantastic Beasts and Where To Find Them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "efb9801e79d0ed9a170e2c72352b32a9",
"text": "Gemini (astrology) Gemini ( pronunciation : -LSB- ˈdʒɛmɪnaɪ -RSB- or -LSB- ˈdʒɛmɪniː -RSB- or ) is the third astrological sign in the zodiac , originating from the constellation of Gemini . Under the tropical zodiac , the sun transits this sign between May 21 and June 21 . Gemini is represented by The Twins Castor and Pollux . The symbol of the twins is based on the Dioscuri , two mortals that were granted shared godhood after death .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "0d9060ee5af04b5144e6381421a280c9",
"text": "Gemini Planet Imager The Gemini Planet Imager ( GPI ) is a high contrast imaging instrument that was built for the Gemini South Telescope in Chile . The instrument achieves high contrast at small angular separations , allowing for the direct imaging and integral field spectroscopy of extrasolar planets around nearby stars . The collaboration involved in planning and building the Gemini Planet imager includes the American Museum of Natural History ( AMNH ) , Dunlap Institute , Gemini Observatory , Herzberg Institute of Astrophysics ( HIA ) , Jet Propulsion Laboratory , Lawrence Livermore National Lab ( LLNL ) , Lowell Observatory , SETI Institute , The Space Telescope Science Institute ( STSCI ) , the University of Montreal , University of California , Berkeley , University of California , Los Angeles ( UCLA ) , University of California , Santa Cruz ( UCSC ) , University of Georgia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "33913442fba6c4ba6bdd99f3e0840b31",
"text": "Holden Gemini The Holden Gemini is a compact car which was produced by Holden and sold in Australasia from 1975 to 1986 . It was based on the Japanese Isuzu Gemini , one of the many models based on the GM T-car platform .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f612266ce82bfd2093cb1a64ca660f4",
"text": "Celestial globe Celestial globes show the apparent positions of the stars in the sky . They omit the Sun , Moon and planets because the positions of these bodies vary relative to those of the stars , but the ecliptic , along which the Sun moves , is indicated . There is an issue regarding the `` handedness '' of celestial globes . If the globe is constructed so that the stars are in the positions they actually occupy on the imaginary celestial sphere , then the star field will appear back-to-front on the surface of the globe ( all the constellations will appear as their mirror images ) . This is because the view from Earth , positioned at the centre of the celestial sphere , is of the inside of the celestial sphere , whereas the celestial globe is viewed from the outside . For this reason , celestial globes are often produced in mirror image , so that at least the constellations appear the `` right way round '' . Some modern celestial globes address this problem by making the surface of the globe transparent . The stars can then be placed in their proper positions and viewed through the globe , so that the view is of the inside of the celestial sphere . However , the proper position from which to view the sphere would be from its centre , but the viewer of a transparent globe must be outside it , far from its centre . Viewing the inside of the sphere from the outside , through its transparent surface , produces serious distortions . Opaque celestial globes that are made with the constellations correctly placed , so they appear as mirror images when directly viewed from outside the globe , are often viewed in a mirror , so the constellations have their familiar appearances . Written material on the globe , names of constellations etc. , is printed in reverse , so it can easily be read in the mirror . Category : Navigational equipment Category : Globes Category : Spheres",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb8b48a83f27216f93fde93043b4f5d2",
"text": "Colin Hay Colin James Hay ( born 29 June 1953 ) is a Scottish-born Australian musician and actor who performed as lead vocalist of the band Men at Work , and later as a solo artist . Hay 's music has been frequently used by actor and director Zach Braff in his work , subsequently leading to a career rebirth in the mid-2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a86db93dcd8479c2ae9e75f6dbce6f7",
"text": "Colin Clark Colin Clark may refer to : Colin Clark ( economist ) ( 1905 -- 1989 ) , British and Australian economist and statistician Colin Clark ( soccer ) ( born 1984 ) , American soccer player Colin Clark ( filmmaker ) ( 1932 -- 2002 ) , British writer and filmmaker Colin Clark of the Clark baronets Colin Clark ( golfer ) in NCAA Division III Men 's Golf Championships `` Colin Clark '' , the name under which Kryptonian orphan Kal-El ( a.k.a. Superman ) is raised in the alternate universe of Superman : True Brit Colin W. Clark , Canadian mathematician and behavioural ecologist",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9a2fe9bb3cdade5ad080f4cfd931e48",
"text": "Divine Gemini Divine Gemini is an album of duets by vibraphonist Walt Dickerson and bassist Richard Davis recorded in 1977 for the SteepleChase label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f78c0cee0d55b5917b12ea9351c7f3d",
"text": "1st Gemini Awards The 1st Gemini Awards were held in Toronto on 4 December 1986 to honour achievements in Canadian television . Gémeaux Award , the French version of the Gemini Awards were held for the first time this year as well . The 1985 television miniseries Anne of Green Gables was the most prominent winner . English-language television coverage of the ceremonies was originally scheduled for broadcast on CBC Television , but labour disruptions at that network forced the telecast to move to a syndicated arrangement of private television stations including Toronto 's Citytv . Unused cable channels in Montreal carried the broadcast in that city . The inaugural Gemini Awards were hosted by Second City Television performers Eugene Levy , Andrea Martin and Dave Thomas from the Metro Toronto Convention Centre .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "799d9832adf57b227ab21dd328c99ccb",
"text": "Rocky Sullivan's Rocky Sullivan 's is a New York City Irish style pub opened in 1996 by the musician Chris Byrne ( Seanchai and the Unity Squad , Black 47 and Paddy-A-Go-Go ) and the journalist Patrick Farrelly ( HBO 's Left of the Dial , Irish Voice , Michael Moore 's TV Nation ) . The bar is named after James Cagney 's character in the 1938 movie Angels With Dirty Faces co-starring Humphrey Bogart . It is located in Red Hook , Brooklyn , on the corner of Dwight and Van Dyke Streets , from its original location at East 29th Street and Lexington Avenue in Manhattan . Entertainment includes a pub quiz on Thursdays , Irish language classes on Tuesdays and live music on Mondays , Tuesdays , Wednesdays and Saturdays . Authors ' readings , held on the last Wednesday of the month and on other occasions , have drawn enthusiastic crowds and top flight writers , including Roddy Doyle , Frank McCourt , Edna O'Brien , Pete Hamill , Rosemary Breslin , Jimmy Breslin , Mike Lupica and Brendan O'Carroll . Starting in 2011 , Rocky Sullivan 's hosts a yearly 4 on 4 street hockey game in front of the bar on a Saturday in March , which is open to the public . Michael Reynolds has won the trophy for best panties and high heels every year .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90c774efd7d0a640afa16507a02f4870",
"text": "Flynn (film) Flynn is an Australian film about the early life of Errol Flynn , focusing on his time in New Guinea starring Guy Pearce in the title role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "291527c3a5f1c9dbd467d67c957d0602",
"text": "Theatre of Australia Theatre of Australia refers to the history of the performing arts in Australia , or produced by Australians . There are theatrical and dramatic aspects to a number of Indigenous Australian ceremonies such as the corroboree . During its colonial period , Australian theatrical arts were generally linked to the broader traditions of English literature and to British and Irish theatre . Australian literature and theatrical artists ( including Aboriginal as well as Anglo-Celtic and multicultural migrant Australians ) have over the last two centuries introduced the culture of Australia and the character of a new continent to the world stage . Individuals who have contributed to theatre in Australia and internationally include Sir Robert Helpmann , Dame Joan Sutherland , Barry Humphries , David Williamson , Cate Blanchett , Geoffrey Rush , Judy Davis , Jim Sharman , Tim Minchin and Baz Luhrmann . Notable theatrical institutions include the Sydney Opera House , and the National Institute of Dramatic Art in Sydney .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ca51e89424faa1be79fff8167f9bd2f",
"text": "Cyril Farrell Cyril Farrell ( born 1950 ) is an Irish former hurling manager , selector , trainer and coach . He was the manager of the Galway senior team on three separate occasions , where he became the county 's longest-serving manager and most successful in terms of major titles won . Farrell is regarded as one of the greatest managers in the history of the modern game . After being involved in team management and coaching in all grades at club level with Tommy Larkin 's , as well as with the Galway minor and under-21 teams , Farrell was appointed coach of the Galway senior team for the first time in 1979 . As manager at various times over much of the following twenty years , he led Galway through a period of unprecedented national dominance , winning seven major honours . These include three All-Ireland Championships , including back-to-back titles in 1987 and 1988 , two Connacht Championships and two National Hurling Leagues . Farrell regularly appears as a hurling pundit on RTÉ 's The Sunday Game .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "169aa5571976b4b6a58223bfd920663e",
"text": "Peggy Farrell Peggy Farrell ( 15 November 1920 -- 17 January 2003 ) was an Irish businesswoman who came to prominence through the Irish Countrywomen 's Association and had a brief career as a Fianna Fáil politician in Ireland . She was a senator from 1969 to 1973 . Farrell was born 1920 in Bantry , County Cork , and educated at the Convent of Mercy in Bantry , at a rural school in Clifden , and then at the Munster Institute in Cork . She married Thomas P. Farrell , and had two daughters and two sons . The couple ran a hatchery with her husband before going into the clothing business . Before her marriage , Farrell was a poultry inspector in the Munster Institute , but had to resign the job because the Department of Agriculture banned the employment of married women . She later defended the policy , telling The Irish Times in 1981 that `` I think it is unjust and nearly unchristian that in some families you have two salaries coming in and in others none at all . '' She joined the Irish Countrywomen 's Association and campaigned for women in rural Ireland to have the standard of living as those in the cities . In recognition of her work , she was nominated by the Taoiseach , Jack Lynch to the 12th Seanad in 1969 ( following her uncle Ted O'Sullivan , who had been a Teachta Dála ( TD ) and then a senator ) . She then resigned her position was president of the ICA , but withdrew the resignation after it had been accepted . After advice from lawyers , the ICA executive decided that as a result of her actions , she was ineligible for the position of vice-president . In 1970 she wrote a highly charged letter to an ICA member who criticised the stance she had taken in voting against an amendment allowing married women to become officers of the new Health Boards . She told The Irish Times in 1981 that `` this still stings '' . In the early 1970s , Farrell started a clothing factory called Chixwear in Athlone , County Roscommon , to provide an alternative to emigration for young women in the area . She took over another factory in 1976 , and in all employed 96 women . When the women journalists on The Irish Times drew up an all-woman `` fantasy cabinet '' on 14 February 1973 , Farrell was one of those included . Peggy Farrell died on 17 January 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc1d22eac1a6dd3687a5bfdd23eb3d9e",
"text": "Nicholas Burgess Farrell Nicholas Burgess Farrell ( born 2 October 1958 ) is an English journalist and the author of Mussolini : A New Life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a243848f93b1d261c86529187958d789",
"text": "Eibhlis Farrell Eibhlis Farrell ( born 27 July 1953 ) is an Irish composer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c992f568ffc7e8b226d4a532245ad799",
"text": "Colin Graham Colin Graham OBE ( 22 September 1931 , Hove , England -- 6 April 2007 , St. Louis , Missouri ) was a stage director of opera , theatre , and television . Graham was educated at Northaw School ( Hertfordshire ) , Stowe School and RADA . Early in his career , he began a long association with Benjamin Britten , for whom he directed all but one of the composer 's stage works , including all of the world premieres after 1954 . He became associated with the English Opera Group in 1953 . In the 1950s , he also worked for the Royal Opera House , Covent Garden in London and later at Glyndebourne and at the English National Opera in the 1970s . In the late 1950s and early 1960s , Graham was associated with several recordings of Gilbert and Sullivan operas conducted by Sir Malcolm Sargent with the Glyndebourne Festival Chorus and principals including George Baker . He enhanced these recordings with movement for the performers that makes the recordings sound more like a live staged performance . Graham made his American debut as a stage director at Santa Fe Opera in 1974 with his staging of Britten 's Owen Wingrave . Graham later became Director of Productions for Opera Theatre of Saint Louis ( OTSL ) in 1978 , until 1985 , when he became OTSL 's Artistic Director . He held this position until his death . Graham directed the world premieres of John Corigliano 's opera , The Ghosts of Versailles , for the Metropolitan Opera ; The Dangerous Liaisons and André Previn 's A Streetcar Named Desire for San Francisco Opera ; The Song of Majnun for Lyric Opera of Chicago ; and a series of three operas by Miki Minoru . In addition , he directed productions for the Santa Fe Opera , notably Bright Sheng 's Madame Mao in 2003 , continuing his association with general director Richard Gaddes , which had begun during the latter 's tenure at OTSL . Collectively , he directed 55 world premieres of operas . Graham also wrote libretti for several operas , including : Benjamin Britten , The Golden Vanity Richard Rodney Bennett , Penny for a Song Stephen Paulus , The Postman Always Rings Twice , 1982 Minoru Miki , Joruri Minoru Miki , The Tale of Genji , 1999 Bright Sheng , Madame Mao , 2003 David Carlson , Anna Karenina , 2007 In the US , Graham studied theology and became a minister in 1987 , and ultimately took US citizenship . He received the Order of the British Empire in 2002 . At the time of his death , Graham was at work on the premiere production of Anna Karenina for Florida Grand Opera and OTSL . He left no survivors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45245434ee238346835029d1c2e1e6bd",
"text": "Mark Farrell (comedian) Mark Farrell ( born 1966 ) is a Canadian comedian and writer , who honed his talent in the Yuk Yuk 's comedy club in Halifax , Nova Scotia before moving to Toronto in 1989 . In 1992 , Farrell helped lead an exodus from the Yuk Yuk 's chain , along with other prominent comics such as Brent Butt . After appearing in CBC 's Comics ! as well as CTV 's Comedy Now , as well as NBC 's Friday Night Videos , he was cast in two Ken Finkleman series , Married Life and the first season of The Newsroom . Eventually his writing skills were noted , and as he became a writer for award-winning This Hour Has 22 Minutes , eventually moving all the way up to Executive Producer , until he left the show in 2010 . His work on 22 Minutes led to many other writing gigs , including another job as Supervising Producer for the first season of Corner Gas , a show for which he continued to write and helped develop . He is currently an Executive Producer and writer for the show Seed , a show he co-developed with the show 's creator , Joseph Raso .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e31142d57ed3663f730fa0b51dc32e4",
"text": "Kappa Geminorum Kappa Geminorum ( κ Gem , κ Geminorum ) is a binary star system in the northern zodiac constellation of Gemini . It is visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 3.568 . Based upon an annual parallax shift of 23.07 mas , the system is located about 141 light years distant from the Sun . In Chinese astronomy , Kappa Geminorum is called 積薪 , Pinyin : Jīxīn , meaning Pile of Firewood , because this star is marking itself and stand alone in Pile of Firewood asterism , Well mansion ( see : Chinese constellation ) . 積薪 ( Jīxīn ) westernized into Tseih Tsing , but the name Tseih Tsing was designated for χ Gem and μ Cnc by R.H. Allen , with the meaning is `` piled-up fuel '' In Japanese , 隆博星 ( Takahiro-boshi ) , meaning `` Esteemed Nobilty Star , '' refers to the Japanese description of κ Geminorum . This is a probable astrometric binary system with the components having an angular separation of 7.2 arcseconds along a position angle of 241 ° , as of 2014 . The primary is an evolved G-type giant star with a stellar classification of G9 III . Since 1943 , the spectrum of this star has served as one of the stable anchor points by which other stars are classified . It has double the mass of the Sun , but has expanded to 11 times the solar radius . The star radiates around 68 times the Sun 's luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 4,932 K . It shows a leisurely spin with a projected rotational velocity of 3.3 km/s , and is around two billion years old . The secondary component is a magnitude 8.2 star .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63536c3018a031415be15848fca0198e",
"text": "Shea Farrell Edward Leo `` Shea '' Farrell III is an American actor and producer best known for playing Mark Danning in Aaron Spelling 's series , Hotel . Shea Farrell was born October 21 , 1957 in Cornwall , New York , to Edward Leo , Jr. and Mary Rose ( née Drummey ) Farrell . He attended Portsmouth Abbey School in Portsmouth , Rhode Island . He originally planned to be a professional football player . Shea switched from acting to production work in 1997 . He worked on The Practice , Ally McBeal , Boston Public and Boston Legal , all produced by David E. Kelley . He now works in films and on television as an assistant director and unit production manager . He has been a Unit Production Manager Sony Entertainment 's New Media Division/Crackle . com since 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3352c91772836f51de4cf3f02487e44",
"text": "Colin Firth Colin Andrew Firth , ( born 10 September 1960 ) is an English actor . His films have grossed more than $ 3 billion from 42 releases worldwide . Firth has received an Academy Award , a Golden Globe Award , two BAFTA Awards , and three Screen Actors Guild Awards , as well as the Volpi Cup . Firth 's most notable and acclaimed role to date has been his 2010 portrayal of King George VI in The King 's Speech , a performance that earned him an Oscar and multiple worldwide best actor awards . Identified in the late 1980s with the `` Brit Pack '' of rising , young British actors , it was not until Firth 's portrayal of Mr. Darcy in the 1995 television adaptation of Jane Austen 's Pride and Prejudice that he received more widespread attention . This led to roles in films such as The English Patient , Bridget Jones 's Diary ( for which Firth was nominated for a BAFTA ) , Shakespeare in Love , and Love Actually . In 2009 , Firth received widespread critical acclaim for his leading role in A Single Man , for which Firth gained his first Academy Award nomination , and won a BAFTA Award . Firth starred in the action spy movie Kingsman : The Secret Service in 2014 , which was a commercial success and received generally positive reviews . In 2011 , Firth received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame , and was also selected as one of the Time 100 . He was awarded an honorary degree from the University of Winchester in 2007 , and was made a Freeman of the City of London in 2012 . He has campaigned for the rights of indigenous tribal peoples , and is a member of Survival International . Firth has also campaigned on issues of asylum seekers , refugees ' rights , and the environment . He commissioned and is credited as a co-author on a scientific paper on a study into the differences in brain structure between people of differing political orientations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8634549564210a337dc746b72b4950c4",
"text": "George M. Cohan Tonight! For the 1968 Broadway musical , see George M ! George M. Cohan Tonight ! is a 2006 musical , conceived , written and arranged by Chip Deffaa , with music and lyrics by George M. Cohan , and additional material by Chip Deffaa . It is a one-man show depicting the life and music of Cohan utilizing his songs , dance routines , memoirs , and the stories of those who knew him . Able to be performed in dozen of venues , George M. Cohan Tonight ! opened Off-Broadway in 2006 at the Irish Repertory Theatre in New York City . The original cast album is available from Sh-K-Boom Records/Ghostlight Records . The New York Times hailed the show as `` brash , cocky , and endlessly euphoric '' ( The New York Times , March 11 , 2006 ) . The show originally starred Jon Peterson , was directed by Chip Deffaa , with musical direction by Sterling Price-McKinney . The show earned star Jon Peterson a Drama Desk nomination , and author/director Chip Deffaa an IRNE Award ( Independent Reviewers of New England ) . It is one of six different musicals about Cohan , created for different sized casts and audiences , created by Deffaa .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9de448b86c59aeb75b2a149a1e0466cf | Laurie Hernandez competes. | [
{
"docid": "20900e2fbbe7721d92d7319ed18ee24e",
"text": "Laurie Hernandez Lauren Zoe `` Laurie '' Hernandez ( born June 9 , 2000 ) is an American artistic gymnast . She competed as a member of the U.S. women 's gymnastics team at the 2016 Summer Olympics , winning gold in the team event and silver on the balance beam . In 2016 , Hernandez won season 23 of Dancing with the Stars with partner Val Chmerkovskiy .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9f57c360a012d9c1477b8dfefb3132d6",
"text": "Marla Runyan Marla Lee Runyan ( married name Lonergan , born January 4 , 1969 ) is an American track and field athlete , road runner and marathon runner who is legally blind . She is a three-time national champion in the women 's 5000 metres . Runyan was born in Santa Maria , California . After graduating from Camarillo High School in 1987 , she went on to study at San Diego State University , where she began competing in several sporting events : the heptathlon , 200-meter dash , high jump , shot put , 100-meter hurdles , long jump , javelin throw and the 800-meter run . In 1994 she received her master 's degree in Education of Deafblind Children . Runyan won four gold medals at the 1992 Summer Paralympics in the long jump and the 100 , 200 , and 400 meter races . She also competed in cycling at those games . She attempted to qualify for the `` Able Bodied '' Olympics at the 1996 U. S. Olympic Trials , finishing 10th in the Heptathlon . While failing to qualify , she ran the 800 meters in 2:04.60 , a heptathlon-800m American record . This success convinced her to try distance running . At the 1996 Paralympics in Atlanta , she took silver in the shot put and gold in the pentathlon . Her career as a world-class runner in able-bodied events began in 1999 at the Pan American Games , where she won Gold in the 1,500-meter race and was ranked second in the United States in that event in 1999 by Track and Field News . . The next year , she placed eighth in the 1,500-meter in the 2000 Sydney Olympics , making Runyan the first legally blind athlete to compete in the Olympics and the highest finish by an American woman in that event . By 2001 she won her first of three consecutive 5000 metre National Championships . She also released her autobiography `` No Finish Line : My Life As I See It '' In 2002 , she added the road 5K and 10K National Championships , and married her coach , Matt Lonergan . She finished as the top American at the 2002 New York Marathon with a time of 2 hours , 27 minutes and 10 seconds to post the second-fastest debut time ever by an American woman . Being an international medalist at 1500 metres and a top major marathon runner is an accomplishment over a wide variety of distances rivaled only by Rod Dixon on the men 's side . Medaling at distances as short as 100 metres and diversely explosive events like Shot Put and Long Jump is remarkable versatility . She won the road 5K again in 2003 and qualified for the 2004 Summer Olympic Games by finishing second in the United States Olympic Trials ( track and field ) . She took 2005 off to give birth to her first child , Anna Lee on September 1 , but returned to the roads in 2006 winning her second National Championship at 20 km ( her first was in 2003 ) . She was the USATF `` Runner of the Year '' in 2002 and 2006 . Arguably Runyan 's greatest success came at the Paralympic Games , where she has been a five times gold medallist . , Runyan holds IPC World Records in the T13 classification for the 400 m , 800 m , 1500 m , 5000 m , High Jump , Long Jump and Pentathlon . However , her personal bests at 3000m , 10,000 m , and the marathon were also World Records , but were never ratified by the IPC . See marlarunyan.net , the Official Website of Marla Runyan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d4a4e178ce7d42b4aaaaac914a85583a",
"text": "Tracey McFarlane Tracey Danielle McFarlane ( born July 20 , 1966 ) , later known by her married name Tracey Mirande , is a former competition swimmer who represented both Canada and the United States in international championships . She competed primarily in breaststroke events . McFarlane represented the United States at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul , South Korea . She won a silver medal as a member of the second-place U.S. team in the women 's 4 × 100-meter medley relay ; her silver-medal teammates included Beth Barr ( backstroke ) , Janel Jorgensen ( butterfly ) , and Mary Wayte ( freestyle ) . She held the American record in the 100-meter breaststroke from 1988 to 1992 . She attended the University of Texas , and swam for the Texas Longhorns swimming and diving team in National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) competition . She was inducted into the university 's Athletics Hall of Fame in 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0a5032c07cc0559a6bd22349c461f04f",
"text": "Salvador Hernández Salvador Hernández Mondragón ( born December 31 , 1973 ) is an athlete and Paralympian from Morelia , Michoacán , Mexico competing mainly in category T51/T52 wheelchair racing events . He competed in the 1996 Summer Paralympics in Atlanta , United States . There he finished seventh in the men 's 1500 metres T51 event , finished seventh in the men 's 100 metres T51 event , finished fifth in the men 's 200 metres T51 event , finished fourth in the men 's 400 metres T51 event , finished eighth in the men 's 800 metres T51 event and finished tenth in the men 's 800 metres T51 event . He also competed at the 2000 Summer Paralympics in Sydney , Australia having been reclassified as a T52 athlete . He won a gold medal in the men 's 200 metres T52 event , a gold medal in the men 's 400 metres T52 event and a silver medal in the men 's 100 metres T52 event . He also competed at the 2004 Summer Paralympics in Athens , Greece. , a gold medal in the men 's 100 metres T52 event , a silver medal in the men 's 200 metres T52 event and finished sixth in the men 's 400 metres T52 event . He competed in his fourth Paralympics in 2008 in Beijing , China . There he finished fourth in the men 's 100 metres T52 event , finished seventh in the men 's 200 metres T52 event and finished sixteenth in the men 's 400 metres T52 event . In Rio 2016 he earned bronze medal in the 100 T52 final . Then he failed to reach the 400 meters final .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b9faaa61b30ee8aa99dbe070677d790",
"text": "James Chico Hernandez James `` Chico '' Hernandez ( born April 14 , 1954 , in Chicago , Illinois ) is an accomplished athlete in the sport of Sambo and a seven-time member of the Team USA National Team .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "16898aadd2a75feef93a06f67bc4af17",
"text": "Laurie Byrd Laurie Byrd is a basketball coach and former basketball player from Flint , Michigan . She is sister to the professional boxer Chris Byrd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d08d15d5675f14f9b396a156bddf08a1",
"text": "Swimming at the 1971 Pan American Games The Swimming competition at the 6th Pan American Games was held in Cali , Colombia during the Games ' run in 1971 . It consisted of 29 long course ( 50m ) events : 15 for males and 14 for females . A world record was beaten in this edition of the Games , by the U.S. 4x200m freestyle men 's relay . The victory of Canada in the women 's 4x100m medley marked the first time that the U.S. lost the gold in a relay event , at the Pan American Games . In the 200m butterfly , two swimmers won the first medals of their countries in swimming at Pan American Games at all times : Jorge Delgado got the gold for Ecuador , and Augusto González , the bronze for Peru .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e0785b6923f09bcd9916d865d0bba2b",
"text": "Elli Ochowicz Elizabeth Kristine `` Elli '' Ochowicz ( born December 15 , 1983 ) is an Olympic speed skater who has competed in the three Winter Olympics . Ochowicz was born in Waukesha , Wisconsin , to Jim Ochowicz and Sheila Young . After beginning her training in the Milwaukee area , she moved to Salt Lake City to continue training . She graduated from The Winter Sports School in Park City in fall 2002 . Ochowicz competed in the 2002 , 2006 and 2010 Winter Olympics . As of 2010 , she lives in Palo Alto , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02ce1bade3cd0d2589e3dd4c17c52279",
"text": "Lilí Álvarez Elia Maria González-Álvarez y López-Chicheri , also known as Lilí Álvarez ( -LSB- ˈlili ˈalβaɾeθ -RSB- ) ( 9 May 1905 -- 8 July 1998 ) was a Spanish multi-sport competitor , an international tennis champion , an author , feminist and a journalist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c95ed62c7974bad7b782e0cd15d4f29c",
"text": "Puerto Rico at the 2012 Summer Olympics Puerto Rico competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London , United Kingdom from July 27 to August 12 , 2012 . This was the nation 's seventeenth consecutive appearance at the Olympics . Comité Olímpico de Puerto Rico sent a total of 25 athletes to the Games , 19 men and 6 women , to compete in 8 sports . The nation 's team size was roughly larger by three athletes from Beijing . This was also the youngest delegation in Puerto Rico 's Olympic history , with half the team under the age of 25 , and many of them were expected to reach their peak in time for the 2016 Olympics in Rio de Janeiro . Four Puerto Rican athletes had competed in Beijing , including track star and pre-Olympic favorite Javier Culson , who held the record as the `` world 's fastest man '' in the hurdles , and later became the nation 's flag bearer at the opening ceremony . Canterbury Christ Church University had been selected as the team 's preparation base for these Olympic games . These Games tied as Puerto Rico 's most successful Olympics , winning a total of two medals , and tying the record for the most medals with Los Angeles at a single games . Javier Culson won the nation 's first ever Olympic bronze medal after 16 years in the men 's hurdles . Meanwhile , Dominican born Jaime Espinal became the first Puerto Rican athlete to claim an Olympic silver medal in men 's freestyle wrestling , and set a historic Olympic record as the nation 's second silver medalist , 28 years after Luis Ortiz had become the first .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67f0ca57a0b8d47b21ba771ee0039366",
"text": "Jesse Hernandez Jesse Lizarraga ( born August 25 , 1950 ) is a Mexican American Pro Wrestler , Pro Wrestling Referee , trainer , Actor and owner of the School of Hard Knocks pro-wrestling training facility . He also promotes an independent wrestling organization called Empire Wrestling Federation in San Bernardino , California , performing under the name Jesse Hernandez . He has trained or helped train wrestlers such as Melina Perez , Rico Constantino , Rocky Romero , Ricky Reyes , Alex Koslov , Kia `` Awesome Kong '' Stevens , Lena Yada and Layla El . He formed the school of Hard Knocks with Bill Anderson , who left to form his own training camp . He was sole inductee in 2006 into the Southern California Pro-Wrestling Hall of Fame . He played football at the University of Missouri Lizarraga has refereed several years for World Wrestling Entertainment , National Wrestling Alliance L.P.W.A. Ladies Professional Wrestling Association , and Women of Wrestling among others . Acting roles for Lizarraga include the films Grunt The Wrestling Movie , Bad Guys , Frontera Sin Ley , Ed Wood , Body Slam , the TV show Mad About You , and various documentaries about pro wrestling .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d83fdcaf5b5a462991579745887fc0d",
"text": "Margarita Hernández Margarita Hernández ( born 3 December 1985 ) is a Mexican long distance runner who specialises in the marathon . She competed in the women 's marathon event at the 2016 Summer Olympics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9b0258048d34d8afdd62c0bb20e26b7",
"text": "Laurie Laurie may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2420d286c40c04f356ae7bc84861f95f",
"text": "Hernandez (wrestler) Shawn Hernandez ( born February 11 , 1973 ) is an American professional wrestler , best known for his time in Total Nonstop Action Wrestling ( TNA ) under the ring name Hernandez . He is an eight-time World Tag Team Champion , having held the TNA World Tag Team Championship five times , the NWA World Tag Team Championship twice and the IWA World Tag Team Championship once . Hernandez is also the co-promoter of the Houston , Texas-based promotion Latino Wrestling Entertainment ( LWE ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a7f52f04a20c12870a35bc75a31c834",
"text": "Competitive trail riding Competitive trail riding ( CTR ) is an equestrian sport where riders cover a marked trail for a distance that is usually between 15 and 40 miles per day . Some rides are only one day long , others may run as long as three days . One-day six-mile events have also become popular . The goal of the competition is to demonstrate partnership between horse and rider . Unlike in endurance riding , factors other than speed are considered . If the ride is timed , it is a form of pace race ; otherwise it is a judged trail ride . In a timed ride , horses may not come in under or over a certain time , and veterinary checks , rider behavior and other elements play a role in the placings . The horse is evaluated on performance , manners , and related criteria . `` Pulse and respiration '' stops check the horse 's recovery ability and conditioning . There are many different organizations which sanction competitive trail rides . Horsemanship may be considered at some competitions , depending on the sanctioning organization . Riders are evaluated on how they handle the trail , manage the horse , and present to the judges and veterinarians throughout the ride . Obstacles are also set up along the trail with the horse and rider graded on how well they perform as a team . Rides are often held on public lands , such as Forest Service or BLM lands in the United States , but are also held on private property . The terrain varies depending on the part of the country in which a competition is held , and lands available for the event . Unlike trail riding at a guest ranch , where inexperienced riders walk their horses most of the time and cover simple trails , riders who compete in competitive trail rides are asked to have their animals navigate a variety of terrain and use all gaits , especially the trot . Similar events exist around the world , though often with wide variations in rules and distances . In all cases , the most obvious difference between an endurance ride and a competitive trail ride is that the winner of an endurance ride is the first horse and rider team to cross the finish line and pass a vet check that deems the horse `` fit to continue , '' whereas competitive trail rides usually consider additional factors and penalize a horse and rider that finish in too little or too long of a time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e33b346e1524e53f54b3e16ff4b40abd",
"text": "Wrestling at the 2011 Pan American Games – Women's Freestyle 48 kg The women 's freestyle 48 kg competition of the wrestling events at the 2011 Pan American Games in Guadalajara , Mexico , was held on October 22 at the CODE II Gymanasium . The defending champion was Carol Huynh from Canada . This freestyle wrestling competition consisted of a single-elimination tournament , with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals . The two finalists faced off for gold and silver medals . Each wrestler who lost to one of the two finalists moved into the repechage , culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket . Each bout consisted of up to three rounds , lasting two minutes apiece . The wrestler who scored more points in each round was the winner of that rounds ; the bout finished when one wrestler had won two rounds ( and thus the match ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "96ab85d86c949e29c23125ec74a44f86",
"text": "Glenhis Hernández Glenhis Hernández ( born 7 October 1990 in Havana ) is a taekwondo practitioner from Cuba . She is reigning World Champion in middleweight .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecbff7dd40e3669e6ff3dc5ce73a825a",
"text": "El Salvador at the 1984 Summer Olympics El Salvador competed at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles , California , United States , from 28 July to 12 August 1984 . This was the nation 's third appearance at the Olympics . The nation previously missed the 1976 Summer Olympics and participated in the 1980 Summer Olympics boycott . Comité Olímpico de El Salvador sent a total of 10 athletes to the Games , 9 men and 1 women , to compete in 5 sports . Long-distance runner Kriscia García was chosen to carry her nation 's flag during the opening ceremony .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "86963ba1c3eb2a026a4d81dc5db40cda",
"text": "Combined track and field events Combined events are competitions in which athletes participate in a number of track and field events , earning points for their performance in each event , which adds to a total points score . Outdoors , the most common combined events are the men 's decathlon and the women 's heptathlon . Due to stadium limitations , indoor combined events competition have a reduced number of events , resulting in the men 's heptathlon and the women 's pentathlon . Athletes are allocated points based on an international-standard points scoring system , such as the decathlon scoring table . Other longer combined events do exist , such as the icosathlon ( double decathlon ) for men and the tetradecathlon for women . Indoors , both men and women compete in the tetradecathlon , with slightly different events to the women 's outdoor version .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10f658f4dec45b58915bb9304b046707",
"text": "Latinos in Action Latinos in Action was founded in San Antonio , Texas by Texas Amateur Athletic Federation Hall of Fame member Raul `` Roy '' Zuniga in 1992 . It is a non-profit organization that uses money raised from sports tournaments it organizes for college scholarships for low income high school students . Latinos in Action is well known for its annual Cinco de Mayo International Hispanic basketball tournament held in San Antonio . Teams from all over Texas , California , Colorado , Arizona , New Mexico , Oregon , Kansas , Nevada , and Illinois as well as teams from Mexico have in the tournament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02d198a25cd4e63ceddf4a1c7ee05340",
"text": "Inika McPherson Inika McPherson ( born September 29 , 1986 in Port Arthur , Texas is an American track and field athlete specializing in the high jump . She was the 2013 and 2014 US Indoor champion . She also won the women 's high jump at the 2014 USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships by clearing 2.00 for the first time , but was later disqualified for an anti-doping rule violation . McPherson is usually easy to spot , with tattoos and a variety of hairstyles , including mohawks .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
13d409ff5417eeeb1d19881dc87461f5 | Will Ferrell established himself on a show. | [
{
"docid": "a7a20829c635571e4748e3ae41753693",
"text": "Will Ferrell John William Ferrell ( -LSB- ˈfɛrəl -RSB- born July 16 , 1967 ) is an American actor , comedian , producer , and writer . He first established himself in the mid-1990s as a cast member on the NBC sketch comedy show Saturday Night Live , and has subsequently starred in comedy films such as Anchorman : The Legend of Ron Burgundy ( 2004 ) , Talladega Nights ( 2006 ) , Step Brothers ( 2008 ) , The Other Guys ( 2010 ) and Anchorman 2 : The Legend Continues ( 2013 ) , all but one of which he co-wrote with his comedy partner Adam McKay . The two also founded the comedy website Funny or Die in 2007 . Other films roles include Elf , Old School ( both 2003 ) , Blades of Glory ( 2007 ) , and the animated films Megamind ( 2010 ) and The Lego Movie ( 2014 ) . Ferrell is considered a member of the `` Frat Pack '' , a generation of leading Hollywood comic actors who emerged in the late 1990s and the 2000s , including Jack Black , Ben Stiller , Steve Carell , Vince Vaughn , and brothers Owen and Luke Wilson . He received an Emmy Award nomination for his work on Saturday Night Live , and two Golden Globe Award nominations for The Producers ( 2005 ) and Stranger than Fiction ( 2006 ) . He was also named the best comedian of 2015 in the British GQ Men of the Year awards . Ferrell received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame on March 26 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "295f3eac3c82c8f9688fff9ca1974919",
"text": "Juice Rap News Juice Rap News is an internet based satirical news show , created in Melbourne , Australia . The show was the creation of a duo , Hugo Farrant and Giordano Nanni , based in Australia and consists of a rapped `` news report '' with social commentary using comical rap lyrics . The show is known for using satire and rap rhyming to analyse important topics of the day in a humorous , yet philosophical fashion . Juice Rap News is distributed via YouTube . Some episodes were licensed to the international television news channel RT for rebroadcast . The audience of Juice Rap News is international and episodes have been translated into more than 20 languages . 35 episodes were produced in total , plus a video announcing that the 35th episode was the final they would produce . However in September 2016 , due to audience demand , Giordano Nanni produced a special episode for that year 's United States presidential election , and announced that the series would continue to produce content from time to time , with a new crew . Nanni and Farrant co-wrote and produced the series together in their home studio in Melbourne , Australia . Nanni focused on content ( crafting the arguments , narrative and perspectives depicted and explored in the show ) ; while Farrant focused on form ( giving the dialogue the `` rhyme and flow '' of rap and performing the vocals of most of the characters ) . Farrant portrayed the anchor Robert Foster and a host of other characters , including the regulars General Baxter and Terrence Moonseed . Nanni also appeared in the show , portraying many characters , such as Aussie correspondent Ken Oathcarn , `` MSMBS '' host Brian Washington , PR host Ivan Sakamunev , Bill de Berg and George Torwell , all using vox by Hugo Farrant . The goal was to provide an alternative view on world events , one that they felt was lacking in popular media outlets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bd08c03de3c0b22deb87525fb1db317b",
"text": "TV Nation TV Nation is a satirical newsmagazine television series written , directed and hosted by Michael Moore that was co-funded and originally broadcast by NBC in the United States and BBC2 in the United Kingdom . The show blended humor and journalism into provocative reports about various issues . After moving to Fox for its second ( and final ) season , the show won an Emmy Award in 1995 for Outstanding Informational Series . TV Nation was created in the wake of the success Moore had with the documentary Roger & Me , prompting Warner Bros. . Television to ask Moore for television series ideas . In January 1993 , NBC green-lit a pilot episode which took three months to complete . Interest from the BBC prompted NBC to insert the show into its summer 1994 lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68fb86fb125294b15cb2af8a748a6f8a",
"text": "L.A. Law L.A. Law is an American television legal drama series that ran for eight seasons on NBC , from September 15 , 1986 , to May 19 , 1994 . Created by Steven Bochco and Terry Louise Fisher , it contained many of Bochco 's trademark features including an ensemble cast , large number of parallel storylines , social drama , and off-the-wall humor . It reflected the social and cultural ideologies of the 1980s and early 1990s , and many of the cases featured on the show dealt with hot-topic issues such as capital punishment , abortion , racism , gay rights , homophobia , sexual harassment , AIDS , and domestic violence . The series often also reflected social tensions between the wealthy senior lawyer protagonists and their less well-paid junior staff . In addition to its main cast , L.A. Law was also well known for featuring then relatively unknown actors and actresses in guest starring roles , who later went on to greater success in film and television including : Don Cheadle , Jeffrey Tambor , Kathy Bates , David Schwimmer , Jay O. Sanders , James Avery , Gates McFadden , Bryan Cranston , C.C.H. Pounder , Kevin Spacey , Richard Schiff , Carrie-Anne Moss , William H. Macy , Stephen Root , Christian Slater , and Lucy Liu . Several episodes of the show also included celebrities such as Vanna White , Buddy Hackett and Mamie Van Doren appearing as themselves in cameo roles . The show was popular with audiences and critics , and won 15 Emmy Awards throughout its run , four of which were for Outstanding Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25ca1c20d4c110b3fbfdd886f6a0bf0c",
"text": "List of Saturday Night Live episodes Saturday Night Live ( SNL ) is a late-night sketch comedy and variety show created by Lorne Michaels . It premiered on NBC , a terrestrial television network , on October 11 , 1975 under the title NBC 's Saturday Night . The show often satirizes contemporary American popular culture and politics . Saturday Night Live features a two-tiered cast : the repertory members , also known as the `` Not Ready for Prime-Time Players , '' and newer cast members , known as `` Featured Players . '' Each week , the show features a host , often a well-known celebrity , who delivers an opening monologue and performs in sketches with the cast . A musical guest is also invited to perform several sets ( usually two , and occasionally more ) . Every so often a host or musical guest will fill both roles , such as was the case with Britney Spears in 2000 and 2002 , Jennifer Lopez in 2001 and 2010 , Justin Timberlake in 2003 , 2006 and 2013 , Taylor Swift in 2009 , Bruno Mars in 2012 , Lady Gaga in 2013 , Miley Cyrus in 2013 and 2015 , Drake in 2014 and 2016 , Blake Shelton in 2015 , and Ariana Grande in 2016 . With the exception of Season 7 and several other rare cases , the show has begun with a cold open that ends with someone breaking character and proclaiming `` Live from New York , it 's Saturday Night ! '' Saturday Night Live is one of the longest running network programs in American television history , with over 800 episodes broadcast over the span of 42 seasons . A number of the show 's sketches have been developed into feature films , including The Blues Brothers , Wayne 's World , A Night at the Roxbury , Superstar , Coneheads , and MacGruber . Seasons 1 through 5 are available on DVD in Region 1 . Various Saturday Night Live sketches are available in several new media formats , including streaming on Hulu and Netflix . Selected sketches and segments are also available for purchase at the iTunes Store to download and playback on home computers and certain iPod and iPhone models .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59df68aa25cee3878308c40f4de37af8",
"text": "TripTank TripTank is an American adult animated television series which premiered April 2 , 2014 on Comedy Central . The show is made up of various sketches , portrayed by multiple animation styles and writers . Although no direct correlation exists between the different stories , a continued theme of dark satire prevails throughout . Voicing talent includes Carlos Alazraqui , Bill Oakley , Wayne Brady , Bob Odenkirk , Curtis Armstrong , Nat Faxon , Tom Kenny , Rachel Butera , Larry David , Yotam Perel , Rob Yulfo , Zach Galifianakis , Kumail Nanjiani , Brett Gelman , Kyle Kinane , John DiMaggio , Duncan Trussell , Joey Diaz , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc8bf81f27171c034bdfe3b7a72d18a",
"text": "History of Saturday Night Live (1995–2000) Saturday Night Live is an American sketch comedy series created and produced by Lorne Michaels for most of the show 's run . The show has aired on NBC since 1975 . After a disastrous 1994 -- 95 season featuring a mix of old and new characters , Michaels decided to once again revamp the cast , keeping only five cast members and hiring six . The 1995 -- 96 season once again saved the show from cancellation , introducing a new era of Saturday Night Live characters and sketches that were highly popular with audiences . This cast stayed mostly stable until the 1998 -- 99 season , which added cast members such as Jimmy Fallon and Horatio Sanz . These two would pave the way for the next era of Saturday Night Live in the early 2000s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "812513f9570ffa2bc42002c3196aef03",
"text": "Whole World Theatre The Whole World Theatre is an improvisational theatre located in Atlanta , Georgia . Whole World Theatre ( WWT ) is a non-profit theatre company that began in Atlanta , Georgia in late 1993 , when David Webster began teaching a group of student actors whom he would train to become the hottest improv company in town . Jennifer Horne and David Webster were co-founding members . The original students of Whole World Theatre performed their first show in front of 25 people in September 1994 . Specializing in experiential improv and unconventional scripted works , and using a unique approach to improv , which put more emphasis on acting , character and atmosphere than on cheap laughs , Webster wrote and directed original ground breaking pieces such as , Blood Bath Bingo and Pimps , Queens , and Dope Fiends . Webster also produced scripted works included , Balm in Gillead , Bitches , Women Behind Bars , Four Dogs and a Bone and The House of Yes , among many others . In June 1995 , Jennifer Horne and David Webster spent their honeymoon money to open Whole World Theatre at their current location at 1214 Spring Street in mid-town Atlanta . As their popularity grew , the cast of Whole World Theatre were given the opportunity to produce their live improv comedy show for television when Webster sold the show to television . `` Whole World Comedy '' - Whole World 's premier TV show - helped to launch the southern based Turner South Network . David Webster taught every actor at Whole World Theater until 2001 . He wrote , directed and emceed every show for over 1000 shows . He won several awards including an Emmy award for writing . In 2003 Managing Director , Emily Reily Russell , created a youth summer camp program and an improvisational acting program for teens and young adults at Whole World Theatre that still exists to this day . Many of the graduates of this program have entered the `` Performance Ready Group '' that hosts a more family oriented show the first Saturday of every month November through May . The Performance Ready Group is directed and mentored by Assistant Artistic Director , Eric Goins . Russell , in conjunction with Callanwolde Fine Arts Center and The Starlight Starbright Foundation has also created `` Improv in Dialysis . '' Providing monthly improvisational acting workshops to patients and their families at Egleston Children 's Hospital in Atlanta . Lance Krall , one of Webster 's original students , eventually moved to Hollywood and went on to produce his own television show , The Lance Krall Show , which aired Spike TV , and Free Radio , which aired on Vh1 . Lance has hired several alumni from Whole World Theatre to guest star in his projects . In 2004 , Webster moved on to write and direct independent movies and Jennifer Horne moved on to begin her own improv troupe in Charlottesville , Va. . That same year , a complete change in management occurred at Whole World Theatre . In 2004 , Chip Powell became Artistic Director of Whole World Theatre . The Company continues to perform improv shows and remains one of Atlanta 's most successful theater companies . Under Powell 's leadership the company has produced Improv in the Park : an annual free improv show in Atlanta 's Piedmont Park and Central Park at Atlantic Station . Improv in the Park was voted `` Best Outdoor Event '' by Creative Loafing . Powell also went on to launch Whole World 's 3rd Space Theatre by Producing and Directing scripted works such as Sordid Lives and Southern Baptist Sissies by Del Shores . In 2005 , the theatre started a television show for a network called MAV TV and is currently broadcast in over 200,000 homes across the U.S. . The show features Whole World 's Improv Comedy and is geared towards a more mature audience . Official Website Category : Theatres in Atlanta",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9500fcc08ece53f4c139ac1433fdaf9a",
"text": "A Deadly Adoption A Deadly Adoption is a 2015 American made for television dramatic-thriller film directed by Rachel Lee Goldenberg and written by Andrew Steele . The film aired on the Lifetime Network on June 20 , 2015 . It stars Will Ferrell , Kristen Wiig and Jessica Lowndes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f72d5d57abc102bb2fe31c32faba2eb",
"text": "Panel show A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participates . Participants may compete with each other , such as on The News Quiz ; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants , such as on Match Game/Blankety Blank ; or do both , such as on Wait Wait Do n't Tell Me . The genre can be traced to 1938 , when Information Please debuted on U.S. radio . The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game , a charades show in 1946 . The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You 've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This ? in 1940 . While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S. , they are still very common in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14fdb2b2ff9374372c5b351ee1f2fb5d",
"text": "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series This is a list of winners and nominees of the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Comedy Series . In early Primetime Emmy Award ceremonies , the supporting categories were not always genre , or even gender , specific . Beginning with the 22nd Primetime Emmy Awards , supporting actors in comedy have competed alone . However , these comedic performances often included actors from miniseries , telefilms , and guest performers competing against main cast competitors . Such instances are marked below : # -- Indicates a performance in a Miniseries or Television film , prior to the category 's creation . § -- Indicates a performance as a guest performer , prior to the category 's creation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3622124696157fe9f42ad285e29b1431",
"text": "Daddy's Home 2 Daddy 's Home 2 is an upcoming American comedy film directed by Sean Anders , from a screenplay by Anders and John Morris . It stars Will Ferrell , Mark Wahlberg , Linda Cardellini , John Cena , John Lithgow and Mel Gibson . It is a sequel to the 2015 film Daddy 's Home . It is scheduled to be released on November 10 , 2017 , by Paramount Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4860961a3b42b40177a2658c5389e08c",
"text": "The Carmichael Show The Carmichael Show is an American sitcom television series created by Nicholas Stoller , Jerrod Carmichael , Ari Katcher , and Willie Hunter that premiered on August 26 , 2015 , on NBC . Starring Carmichael , it follows a fictional version of his family . The multi-camera show is set in Charlotte , North Carolina . On May 15 , 2016 , NBC renewed the series for a 13-episode third season , which premiered with back-to-back episodes on May 31 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3741b65b999c16bf480750ea1b6d26b",
"text": "Living Single Living Single is an American television sitcom that aired for five seasons on the Fox network from August 29 , 1993 , to January 1 , 1998 . The show centered on the lives of six friends who share personal and professional experiences while living in a Brooklyn brownstone . Throughout its run , Living Single became one of the most popular African-American sitcoms of its era , ranking among the top five in African-American ratings in all five seasons . The series was produced by Yvette Lee Bowser 's company , Sister Lee , in association with Warner Bros. . Television . In contrast to the popularity of NBC 's `` Must See TV '' -- first on Sunday nights and then later on Thursday nights in the 1990s -- many African-American and Latino viewers flocked to Fox . For the 1993 -- 94 season , Living Single aired on Sunday nights between Martin and Married ... with Children , and then on Thursday nights from 1994 to 1998 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "74c9baa61bd3765d016ad2aa1c32141a",
"text": "The Lawrence Welk Show The Lawrence Welk Show is an American televised musical variety show hosted by big band leader Lawrence Welk . The series aired locally in Los Angeles for four years , from 1951 to 1955 , then nationally for another 27 years on ABC from 1955 to 1971 , and in first-run syndication from 1971 to 1982 . Repeat episodes are broadcast in the United States by Public Broadcasting Service ( PBS ) stations . These airings incorporate an original program -- usually , a color broadcast from 1965 through 1982 -- in its entirety . In place of the commercials , newer performance and interview clips from the original stars and/or a family member of the performers are included ; these clips are occasionally updated .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "804a17eceed950e822088677daa5a78c",
"text": "People Will Talk (game show) People Will Talk was an American game show that aired on NBC from July 1 to December 27 , 1963 . The host was Dennis James , with Kenny Williams announcing . In 1964 , packager Heatter-Quigley Productions revamped the program under the name The Celebrity Game , with host Carl Reiner at CBS Television City in Hollywood .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "989e3676317c6b8cb58b964e4f79c680",
"text": "Noel Ferrier Noel Ferrier AM ( 20 December 193016 October 1997 ) was an Australian television personality , comedian , stage and film actor , raconteur and theatrical producer . He had an extensive theatre career which spanned over fifty years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "553fdb5625757abb83cf5c83f3d6ea8f",
"text": "Feud (TV series) Feud is an American anthology television series for FX created by Ryan Murphy , Jaffe Cohen , and Michael Zam , presented as the dramatization of the actual events that took place in history . It premiered on March 5 , 2017 . The first season , which consists of eight episodes , is subtitled Bette and Joan and chronicles the rivalry between Bette Davis and Joan Crawford during and after the production of their 1962 film What Ever Happened to Baby Jane ? In February 2017 , FX renewed the series for a 10-episode second season called Charles and Diana , centered on the relationship between Charles , Prince of Wales and Diana , Princess of Wales , which is expected to premiere in 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28afef4109c67ec45b7e4048c3f62637",
"text": "This Is Not Happening (TV series) This Is Not Happening is an American storytelling show hosted by Ari Shaffir , who also makes other comedy shows . It airs on American cable television network Comedy Central , and had its premiere on January 22 , 2015 . Episodes focus on comedians telling real life experiences comedically .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3127d2ce9db188586c949584e9ab7ce",
"text": "The Jay Leno Show The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno . Premiering on NBC on September 14 , 2009 , the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9 , 2010 . The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show -- specifically , Jay Leno 's incarnation of The Tonight Show , opening with a comedic monologue , followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments . Sketches from The Tonight Show ( including Headlines and Jaywalking ) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show , along with new sketches . The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universal 's then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the company following his retirement from The Tonight Show and replacement with Conan O'Brien . The Jay Leno Show was also intended to provide NBC with an alternative to the high-cost scripted dramas aired by competing networks in its time slot ; the network believed that the lower cost of production , in combination with product placement deals , meant that the program did not necessarily have to be highly viewed in order to turn a profit . NBC hoped to attract Leno 's existing fans , as well as a larger primetime audience than that of his late-night program . The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics , who felt that the series had little differentiation from Leno 's Tonight Show . Others were critical of NBC 's decision to give up an hour of its weeknight lineup to Leno , due to the network 's past success with dramas airing in the time slot , while one NBC affiliate notably planned to not air the show at all , although this decision was retracted due to complaints by the network . Although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBC 's projections , by November , the program 's ratings began to fall significantly . NBC 's affiliates complained that the declining viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts . In an effort to address the concerns , NBC announced in January 2010 that it would , following the 2010 Winter Olympics , shorten The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour , and move it to 11:35 p.m -- the timeslot that had been occupied by The Tonight Show for nearly 60 years , and bump Tonight to 12:05 a.m. NBC 's decision resulted in a major public conflict between the network and Conan O'Brien , who asserted that the move would damage the highly respected Tonight Show franchise , and that he would not participate in the program if it were moved to 12:05 . Despite much support for O'Brien from both the public and media professionals alike , NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11:35 . On January 21 , 2010 , NBC reached a $ 45 million settlement with O'Brien in order to end his contract . The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9 , 2010 , after being on the air for only four months , with Entertainment Weekly calling the program television 's `` Biggest Bomb of All Time . '' Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1 , 2010 , in a final stint that lasted until his February 2014 succession by Jimmy Fallon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d698ed9bc14db99bc46568a252539259",
"text": "Will Smith Willard Carroll Smith Jr. ( born September 15 , 1968 ) is an American actor , producer , rapper , and songwriter . In April 2007 , Newsweek called him `` the most powerful actor in Hollywood '' . Smith has been nominated for five Golden Globe Awards and two Academy Awards , and has won four Grammy Awards . In the late 1980s , Smith achieved modest fame as a rapper under the name The Fresh Prince . In 1990 , his popularity increased dramatically when he starred in the popular NBC television series The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air , which ran for six seasons until 1996 . After the series ended , Smith transitioned from television to film , and has gone on to star in numerous blockbuster films . He is the only actor to have eight consecutive films gross over $ 100 million in the domestic box office , eleven consecutive films gross over $ 150 million internationally , and eight consecutive films in which he starred open at the number one spot in the domestic box office tally . Smith has been ranked as the most bankable star worldwide by Forbes . As of 2014 , 17 of the 21 films in which he has had leading roles have accumulated worldwide gross earnings of over $ 100 million each , five taking in over $ 500 million each in global box office receipts . As of 2016 , his films have grossed $ 7.5 billion at the global box office . For his performances as boxer Muhammad Ali in Ali ( 2001 ) and stockbroker Chris Gardner in The Pursuit of Happyness ( 2006 ) , Smith received nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8f338efe60c5a6988526683ca3e528c5 | The Divergent Series was adapted from the work of an American author. | [
{
"docid": "08906ddf582a89157aa9d328b84b5963",
"text": "The Divergent Series The Divergent Series is a feature film series based on the Divergent novels by the American author Veronica Roth . Distributed by Summit Entertainment and Lionsgate Films , the series consists of four science fiction films set in a dystopian society . They have been produced by Lucy Fisher , Pouya Shabazian , and Douglas Wick and star Shailene Woodley and Theo James as lead characters Beatrice Prior ( Tris ) and Tobias Eaton ( Four ) , respectively . The supporting cast includes Ansel Elgort , Zoë Kravitz and Miles Teller . The first film in the series was directed by Neil Burger , while the second and third films were directed by Robert Schwentke . Development began in 2011 following Summit 's acquisition of the film rights to the Divergent novel in partnership with production company Red Wagon Entertainment . The studios announced production on the sequel following the first film 's strong performance in Thursday late-night screenings , where it grossed $ 4.9 million . They acquired film rights to the Allegiant novel in December 2013 , deciding in April 2014 to split the third novel into a two-part film adaptation . The first installment , Divergent ( 2014 ) , grossed over $ 288 million worldwide , while the second installment , The Divergent Series : Insurgent ( 2015 ) , grossed over $ 297 million worldwide . Insurgent was also the first Divergent film to be released in IMAX 3D . The third installment , The Divergent Series : Allegiant ( 2016 ) , grossed $ 179 million . The first three films of the series have grossed over $ 765 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4dabcf11be2c9feee6f321494c8e6902",
"text": "Michael Ledwidge Michael S. Ledwidge is an American author of Irish descent . He wrote his first novel , The Narrowback , while working as the back elevator operator for a Park Avenue Coop apartment building . His novel , Bad Connection was written while working as a lineman for the telephone company in NYC . His most successful writing has been several books he has co-authored with the best-selling author James Patterson .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d36c76290f41690d53f03a3b66188d6d",
"text": "Kathryn Cramer Kathryn Elizabeth Cramer ( born April 16 , 1962 ) is an American science fiction writer , editor , and literary critic .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3295dd89e0de1762793854afd5cadefe",
"text": "John Green (author) John Michael Green ( born August 24 , 1977 ) is an American author , vlogger , writer , producer , actor and editor . He won the 2006 Printz Award for his debut novel , Looking for Alaska , and his sixth novel , The Fault in Our Stars , debuted at number one on The New York Times Best Seller list in January 2012 . The 2014 film adaptation opened at number one on the box office . In 2014 , Green was included in Time magazine 's list of The 100 Most Influential People in the World . Another film based on a Green novel , Paper Towns , was released on July 24 , 2015 . Aside from being a novelist , Green is also well known for his YouTube ventures . In 2007 , he launched the VlogBrothers channel with his brother , Hank Green . Since then , John and Hank have launched events such as Project for Awesome and VidCon and created a total of 11 online series , including Crash Course , an educational channel teaching Literature , History , and Science , later joined by courses in Economics , US Government , Astronomy , Politics , Philosophy , Psychology , Mythology , Sociology , Computer Science , Games , and Film History .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc3f551de1a4fd4ca14c3232d39af0c0",
"text": "Susan Sizemore Susan Sizemore is an American author of both romance and science fiction novels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecbe6eba9976f367888978c967087e6a",
"text": "Daniel S. Greenberg Daniel S. Greenberg ( born 1931 ) is an American journalist , editor , and author .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62ec759bac6643768b991af393f2d1ae",
"text": "Michael Crichton John Michael Crichton ( -LSB- ˈkraɪtən -RSB- October 23 , 1942 -- November 4 , 2008 ) was an American best-selling author , screenwriter , film director and producer best known for his work in the science fiction , medical fiction and thriller genres . His books have sold over 200 million copies worldwide , and many have been adapted into films . In 1994 , Crichton became the only creative artist ever to have works simultaneously charting at No. 1 in U.S. television ( ER ) , film ( Jurassic Park ) , and book sales ( Disclosure ) . His literary works are usually within the action genre and heavily feature technology . His novels epitomize the techno-thriller genre of literature , often exploring technology and failures of human interaction with it , especially resulting in catastrophes with biotechnology . Many of his future history novels have medical or scientific underpinnings , reflecting his medical training and science background . He wrote , among other works , The Andromeda Strain ( 1969 ) , Congo ( 1980 ) , Sphere ( 1987 ) , Travels ( 1988 ) , Jurassic Park ( 1990 ) , Rising Sun ( 1992 ) , Disclosure ( 1994 ) , The Lost World ( 1995 ) , Airframe ( 1996 ) , Timeline ( 1999 ) , Prey ( 2002 ) , State of Fear ( 2004 ) , Next ( 2006 ; the final book published before his death ) , Pirate Latitudes ( 2009 ) , an unfinished techno-thriller , Micro , which was published in November 2011 , and Dragon Teeth , a historical novel set during the `` Bone Wars '' , published worldwide in May 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37bef0e9f4ffa10ba329690feb1bb3ec",
"text": "Pacific War series The Pacific War is a series of alternate history novels written by Newt Gingrich and William R. Forstchen with Albert S. Hanser . The series deals with the Pacific War between the United States of America and the Empire of Japan . The point of divergence is the decision of Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto , commander-in-chief of the Japanese Combined Fleet , to take personal command of the 1st Air Fleet for the attack on Pearl Harbor , rather than delegate it to Adm. Chūichi Nagumo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "46e2c577033c8b664a476cc68ea08e7f",
"text": "Mark London Williams Mark London Williams is an American author , playwright , journalist , and creator of the young adult time travel series Danger Boy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc4db9ae6781586d7a55d8bdb0e33a66",
"text": "Grant Ginder Grant Ginder is an American author .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d536cec85811bc7939e9797de7fa7b75",
"text": "Blake Crouch Blake Crouch is an American author , best known for his Wayward Pines Trilogy , which was adapted into the 2015 television series Wayward Pines .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "438468135e022aaadf76b7e037cbded7",
"text": "Chuck Hogan Chuck Hogan ( born August 4 , 1967 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , and television producer . He is best known as the author of Prince of Thieves , and as the co-author of The Strain trilogy with Guillermo del Toro . Alongside del Toro , Hogan created the television series The Strain ( 2014 -- present ) , adapting their trilogy of vampire novels . Hogan also wrote the crime novels The Standoff ( 1995 ) , The Blood Artists ( 1998 ) , The Killing Moon ( 2007 ) , and The Devils In Exiles ( 2010 ) , and the screenplay for the war film 13 Hours : The Secret Soldiers of Benghazi ( 2016 ) . Prince of Thieves ( 2004 ) was adapted into Ben Affleck 's Academy Award-nominated film The Town ( 2010 ) . The work won the 2005 Hammett Prize and was called one of the ten best novels of the year by Stephen King .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "533577062f6b997466aec7203c904e29",
"text": "Christopher Cook (writer) Christopher LaVaughn Cook ( born August 3 , 1952 ) is an American writer whose writing styles and genres include journalism , non-fiction , scriptwriting and fiction , including short stories , novellas and novels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05824e231d43f5460481688547ca1736",
"text": "Karen Bender Karen Bender is an American novelist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8fbc570128b741562e203946357715d9",
"text": "John Burnham Schwartz John Burnham Schwartz is an American novelist and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40cd9972c10a1815a903d213f039ce84",
"text": "Mark Frost Mark Frost ( born November 25 , 1953 ) is an American novelist , screenwriter , director and film producer , best known as a writer for the television series Hill Street Blues and as the co-creator of the television series Twin Peaks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71beb1a18662e162ee5a8cec4ebb9eb2",
"text": "Glenn Herdling Glenn Herdling ( born May 2 , 1964 ) is an American author , comics writer , and editor who has written numerous comic books , including Marvel Comics ' `` Atlantis Rising '' story line for the Namor the Sub-Mariner series . He is also the author of the Piper Houdini series of young adult novels and a manualist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a51d1af78bf763051d7c66325ef6be86",
"text": "Stephen Mansfield Stephen Lee Mansfield ( born 1958 ) is an American author who writes about history , modern culture , religion and men 's issues . His books have appeared on the New York Times best-seller list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4a51cbc38a9a5422689660cdb397b93",
"text": "Avery Corman Avery Corman ( born November 28 , 1935 ) is an American novelist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "865a6dd1daa43131e99875133ea9382f",
"text": "Bill Geist William Geist ( born May 10 , 1945 ) is an American author , columnist , and television journalist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ead41e963de46d7da9ff8787ac3f23b",
"text": "Terry Louise Fisher Terry Louise Fisher ( born February 21 , 1946 ) is an American television producer , screenwriter and novelist .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2e249a6edd1438cf48956f27e8b1d10a | Cher canceled her appearance in a 2010 movie. | [
{
"docid": "2c16d7c9b7dc8cd778d3ad0b4c42b81a",
"text": "Cher Cher ( -LSB- ˈʃɛər -RSB- born Cherilyn Sarkisian , May 20 , 1946 ) is an American singer and actress . Sometimes referred to as the Goddess of Pop , she has been described as embodying female autonomy in a male-dominated industry . She is known for her distinctive contralto singing voice and for having worked in numerous areas of entertainment , as well as adopting a variety of styles and appearances during her five-decade-long career . Cher gained popularity in 1965 as one-half of the folk rock husband-wife duo Sonny & Cher after their song `` I Got You Babe '' reached number one on the American and British charts . By the end of 1967 , they had sold 40 million records worldwide and had become , according to Time magazine , rock 's `` it '' couple . She began her solo career simultaneously , releasing in 1966 her first million-seller song , `` Bang Bang ( My Baby Shot Me Down ) '' . She became a television personality in the 1970s with her shows The Sonny & Cher Comedy Hour , watched by over 30 million viewers weekly during its three-year run , and Cher . She emerged as a fashion trendsetter by wearing elaborate outfits on her television shows . While working on television , she established herself as a solo artist with the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles `` Gypsys , Tramps & Thieves '' , `` Half-Breed '' , and `` Dark Lady '' . After her divorce from Sonny Bono in 1975 , Cher launched a comeback in 1979 with the disco-oriented album Take Me Home and earned $ 300,000 a week for her 198082 residency show in Las Vegas . In 1982 , Cher made her Broadway debut in the play Come Back to the Five and Dime , Jimmy Dean , Jimmy Dean and starred in the film adaptation of the same title . She subsequently earned critical acclaim for her performances in films such as Silkwood ( 1983 ) , Mask ( 1985 ) , and Moonstruck ( 1987 ) , for which she won the Academy Award for Best Actress . She then revived her musical career by recording the rock-inflected albums Cher ( 1987 ) , Heart of Stone ( 1989 ) , and Love Hurts ( 1991 ) , all of which yielded several successful singles . She reached a new commercial peak in 1998 with the album Believe , whose title track became the biggest-selling single of all time by a female artist in the UK . It also features the pioneering use of Auto-Tune , also known as the `` Cher effect '' . Her 2002 -- 2005 Living Proof : The Farewell Tour became one of the highest-grossing concert tours of all time , earning $ 250 million . In 2008 , she signed a $ 180 million deal to headline the Colosseum at Caesars Palace in Las Vegas for three years . After seven years of absence , she returned to film in the 2010 musical Burlesque . Cher 's first studio album in 12 years , Closer to the Truth ( 2013 ) , became her highest-charting solo album in the U.S. to date at number three . Cher has won a Grammy Award , an Emmy Award , an Academy Award , three Golden Globe Awards , a Cannes Film Festival Award , and a special CFDA Fashion Award , among several other honors . Throughout her career , she has sold 100 million records worldwide , becoming one of the best-selling music artists in the music history . She is the only artist to date to have a number-one single on a Billboard chart in each decade from the 1960s to the 2010s . Outside of her music and acting , she is noted for her political views , philanthropic endeavors and social activism , including LGBT rights and HIV/AIDS prevention .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1840bb247e32856565f6f742b2187cc6",
"text": "Avalon High (film) Avalon High is a 2010 Disney Channel Original Movie starring Gregg Sulkin , Britt Robertson , Joey Pollari , and Devon Graye . The movie is loosely based on the book of the same name by Meg Cabot . It premiered on November 12 , 2010 , in the United States , January 22 , 2011 , in Australia and New Zealand , and January 28 , 2011 , in the UK .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdb162db3525b2fad029d437d0824757",
"text": "List of The Colbert Report episodes (2010) This is a list of episodes for The Colbert Report '' in 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "72ae50a4846388c98d6145c5fb7a559f",
"text": "Rehab: Party at the Hard Rock Hotel Rehab : Party at the Hard Rock Hotel is an American reality television docudrama on TruTV that premiered on November 11 , 2008 . It focuses on the staff ( bartenders , cocktail waitresses , security , etc. ) of the Rehab pool party hosted at the Las Vegas Hard Rock Hotel and Casino and also chronicles the staff as they attempt to keep the partygoers under control while trying to do their jobs well and avoid their bosses ' anger . The series ran for 3 seasons until its cancellation in December 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30d98d4d6a4441b9ffd8a1b1e8d672c8",
"text": "Khouya Khouya is a 2010 film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d1190b6811ce999b141a92177f1d9ad",
"text": "Lena Horne Lena Mary Calhoun Horne ( June 30 , 1917 -- May 9 , 2010 ) was an American jazz and pop music singer , dancer , actress , and civil rights activist . Horne 's career spanned over 70 years appearing in film , television , and theater . Horne joined the chorus of the Cotton Club at the age of 16 and became a nightclub performer before moving to Hollywood , where she had small parts in numerous movies , and more substantial parts in the 1943 films Cabin in the Sky and Stormy Weather . Because of the Red Scare and her political activism , Horne found herself blacklisted and unable to get work in Hollywood . Returning to her roots as a nightclub performer , Horne took part in the March on Washington in August 1963 and continued to work as a performer , both in nightclubs and on television while releasing well-received record albums . She announced her retirement in March 1980 , but the next year starred in a one-woman show , Lena Horne : The Lady and Her Music , which ran for more than three hundred performances on Broadway . She then toured the country in the show , earning numerous awards and accolades . Horne continued recording and performing sporadically into the 1990s , disappearing from the public eye in 2000 . Horne died of congestive heart failure on May 9 , 2010 , at the age of 92 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9639ba6355d56055d2e927c01acab9fc",
"text": "Expecting Mary Expecting Mary is a 2010 American comedy-drama film starring Elliott Gould , Linda Gray , Lainie Kazan , Cloris Leachman , Della Reese , Olesya Rulin , Cybill Shepherd , Gene Simmons , and Fred Willard . It was written and directed by Dan Gordon and produced by Kim Waltrip with executive producer Jim Casey . The film premiered at the Palm Springs International Film Festival 2010 on January 16 and was selected as the opening film at the California Independent Film Festival on April 22 , 2010 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ce3735295738f8c7969f95cb5d277ce4",
"text": "Finding Me: Truth Finding Me : Truth is a 2011 drama film by director Roger S. Omeus Jr. and a sequel to the 2009 Finding Me .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43e2b647c69046ee60f820c05c5e9a4f",
"text": "I Saw a Man and He Danced with His Wife `` I Saw A Man And He Danced With His Wife '' is the third single released by American singer/actress Cher from her 11th album Dark Lady . It reached at # 42 on the Billboard Hot 100 and # 3 on the Adult Contemporary chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ee2c1002ffa558c2f77b0e7620eef87",
"text": "If I Could Turn Back Time: Cher's Greatest Hits If I Could Turn Back Time : Cher 's Greatest Hits is the fourth U.S. compilation album by American singer-actress Cher , released on March 9 , 1999 by Geffen . In January 2000 , the album was certified Gold by the RIAA for selling more than 500,000 copies in the US . Billboard stated in November 2011 that the album has sold 955,000 copies in the US . It does not contain her last 1998 worldwide hit `` Believe '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1445773c08da50707979a85167e4edf4",
"text": "Houston Film Critics Society Awards 2010 The 4th Houston Film Critics Society Awards were presented on December 18 , 2010 . These awards for `` extraordinary accomplishment in film '' are presented annually by the Houston Film Critics Society ( HFCS ) based in Houston , Texas . The organization , founded in 2007 , includes 22 film critics for print , radio , television , and internet publications in the greater Houston area . The awards are co-sponsored by the Houston Film Commission , Southwest Alternate Media Project , Women in Film and Television/Houston , WorldFest , and the Houston Cinema Arts Society . The nominations for the 2010 awards were announced on December 12 , 2010 . Eligible films do not need to have played or opened in a Houston film theater prior to the nomination deadline , merely made available to the HFCS membership at a screening or on DVD . Along with the 13 `` best of '' category awards , this year also saw the introduction of a new category for `` Worst Movies of the Year '' . The Social Network , True Grit , and 127 Hours each received six nominations , all including the Best Picture , Actor , Direction , and Original Score categories . The Social Network was the HFCS 's most awarded film of 2010 taking top honors in the Best Picture , Best Director ( David Fincher ) , Best Actor ( Jesse Eisenberg ) , and Best Screenplay ( Aaron Sorkin ) categories . Inception was the only other film to garner multiple awards , winning both the Best Original Score ( Hans Zimmer ) and Best Cinematography ( Wally Pfister ) prizes . The other acting awards went to Natalie Portman as Best Actress for Black Swan , Hailee Steinfeld as Best Supporting Actress for True Grit , and Christian Bale as Best Supporting Actor for The Fighter . The remaining film honors went to Toy Story 3 as Best Animated Film , Restrepo as Best Documentary , and The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo as Best Foreign Language Film . `` We Are Sex Bob-Omb '' by Beck from Scott Pilgrim vs. the World was named the Best Original Song . The HFCS 's first-ever award for `` Worst Picture '' was given to Jonah Hex starring Josh Brolin . In addition to the category awards , the HFCS presented their annual Lifetime Achievement Award to Sissy Spacek and its Humanitarian Award to George Clooney . Clooney was selected for `` selflessly using his celebrity for greater good '' . The HFCS award for Outstanding Achievement in Cinema awards were presented to Charles Dove , director of the Rice University Media Center , and Hector Luna , the founder and editor of C-47 Houston .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a3410f0b5b385237ab4c4c36bd236479",
"text": "Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2010 Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards 2010 may refer to : 15th Critics ' Choice Awards , the fifteenth Critics ' Choice Awards ceremony that took place in 2010 16th Critics ' Choice Awards , the sixteenth Critics ' Choice Awards ceremony that took place in 2011 and which honored the best in film for 2010",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c33b8901f3ec17f040d0a7f5892bff7",
"text": "All That (season 10) The tenth season of All That aired from early 2005 until late 2005 . This is the 4th and final season of the relaunch era . The season aired 15 episodes , beginning with a special to celebrate the 10th anniversary . Approximately 6.2 million total viewers watched the special on both its April 23 and April 24 airings , making it the top cable or broadcast program for the 2-11 , 6-11 , and 9-14 age demographics . The intro was similar to Seasons 4 and 5 . It featured the cast on a red carpet , they come out of a limo and greet their fans . The show saw many changes before the start of the season . Shane Lyons and Giovonnie Samuels were both dropped from the show to make room for new cast members . Jamie Lynn Spears got her own show on Nickelodeon and left the show . Producers hired Kianna Underwood and Denzel Whitaker to replace them . After a five-year absence the art of the featured player was brought back to the show . Lil ' JJ was brought on as the feature player . Like the last season producers brought back Vital Information which had been absent since the 6th season . Producers got Lil ' JJ to anchor the sketch . However , he would only appear in the sketch and not take part in any other part of the show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc2e586313a2ae8bbb85ad421d42b1a3",
"text": "List of The Comeback episodes The Comeback is an American television comedy-drama series produced by HBO that stars actress Lisa Kudrow as sitcom actress Valerie Cherish in modern-day Los Angeles . It was created by Kudrow and Michael Patrick King , a former executive producer of Sex and the City . Kudrow and King are also screenwriters and executive producers of the series , with King also serving as the director of some episodes . The series premiered on HBO on June 5 , 2005 and aired for a single , 13-episode season before being canceled . The series was revived nine years later and an eight-episode second season started airing on HBO on November 9 , 2014 . , 21 episodes of The Comeback have aired , concluding its second season .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a90b92d0f4898a698cdb1bf86ea586e",
"text": "The Click List: Top 10 Videos The Click List : Top 10 Videos is an hour length music video show that airs on the television channel Logo . Viewers vote for their top ten favorite videos at LOGOonline.com and each week the winners are counted down in a new episode . An episode usually includes Indie and big label LGBT artists such as Rufus Wainwright , God-Des , Ari Gold , Deadlee , Scissor Sisters , Naked Highway , and Jonny McGovern . Mainstream artists like Madonna , Hilary Duff , Rihanna , and Justin Timberlake have also made the list . A few special editions of The Click List : Top 10 Videos have aired in the past , including The Click List : Ultimate Madonna Videos and The Click List : Ultimate Comebacks . The videos for Vogue by Madonna and Believe by Cher were voted into the number one spots , respectively .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fc431dbb3c3e2428ff32f656635333bb",
"text": "Sparkle (2012 film) Sparkle is a 2012 American musical film directed by Salim Akil and produced by Stage 6 Films , It was released on August 17 , 2012 , by TriStar Pictures . Inspired by The Supremes , Sparkle is a remake of the 1976 film of the same name , which centered on three singing teenage sisters from Harlem who form a girl group in the late 1960s . The remake takes place in Detroit , Michigan in the 1960s during the Motown era . The film stars Jordin Sparks , Derek Luke , Whitney Houston , Mike Epps , Cee Lo Green , Carmen Ejogo , Tika Sumpter , Tamela Mann and Omari Hardwick . Sparkle features songs from the original film written by soul musician Curtis Mayfield as well as new compositions by R&B artist R. Kelly . This film is the debut of R&B / pop singer and American Idol winner Jordin Sparks as an actress . Sparkle also marks Whitney Houston 's fifth and final feature film role before her death on February 11 , 2012 , three months after filming ended . The film is dedicated to her memory .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd00c2508796f885c5928897e79e7863",
"text": "The Ugly Truth The Ugly Truth is a 2009 American romantic comedy film starring Katherine Heigl and Gerard Butler . The film was released in North America on July 24 , 2009 by Columbia Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "825297ca76bdb0b6f8a628e491b4451d",
"text": "Gotham Independent Film Awards 2010 The 20th Annual Gotham Independent Film Awards were held on November 29 , 2010 . The nominees were announced on October 18 , 2010 . The ceremony was hosted by Patricia Clarkson and Stanley Tucci .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4004e2a2a398b5b185b04acf6bd6e938",
"text": "Tetro Tetro is a 2009 American-Argentine drama film written , directed and produced by Francis Ford Coppola and starring Vincent Gallo , Alden Ehrenreich and Maribel Verdú . Filming took place in 2008 in Buenos Aires , Patagonia , and Spain . Tetro received a limited release in the United States on June 11 , 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3127d2ce9db188586c949584e9ab7ce",
"text": "The Jay Leno Show The Jay Leno Show is an American talk show created by and starring Jay Leno . Premiering on NBC on September 14 , 2009 , the program aired on weeknights at 10:00 p.m. ET/PT through February 9 , 2010 . The program was modeled upon the format of a late night talk show -- specifically , Jay Leno 's incarnation of The Tonight Show , opening with a comedic monologue , followed by interviews with celebrity guests and other comedy segments . Sketches from The Tonight Show ( including Headlines and Jaywalking ) were carried over to The Jay Leno Show , along with new sketches . The program was the result of a compromise by NBC Universal 's then-CEO Jeff Zucker to keep Jay Leno with the company following his retirement from The Tonight Show and replacement with Conan O'Brien . The Jay Leno Show was also intended to provide NBC with an alternative to the high-cost scripted dramas aired by competing networks in its time slot ; the network believed that the lower cost of production , in combination with product placement deals , meant that the program did not necessarily have to be highly viewed in order to turn a profit . NBC hoped to attract Leno 's existing fans , as well as a larger primetime audience than that of his late-night program . The Jay Leno Show was met with mixed reception from critics , who felt that the series had little differentiation from Leno 's Tonight Show . Others were critical of NBC 's decision to give up an hour of its weeknight lineup to Leno , due to the network 's past success with dramas airing in the time slot , while one NBC affiliate notably planned to not air the show at all , although this decision was retracted due to complaints by the network . Although viewership of The Jay Leno Show was initially on par with NBC 's projections , by November , the program 's ratings began to fall significantly . NBC 's affiliates complained that the declining viewership of The Jay Leno Show also had a ripple effect on the viewership of their late local newscasts . In an effort to address the concerns , NBC announced in January 2010 that it would , following the 2010 Winter Olympics , shorten The Jay Leno Show to a half-hour , and move it to 11:35 p.m -- the timeslot that had been occupied by The Tonight Show for nearly 60 years , and bump Tonight to 12:05 a.m. NBC 's decision resulted in a major public conflict between the network and Conan O'Brien , who asserted that the move would damage the highly respected Tonight Show franchise , and that he would not participate in the program if it were moved to 12:05 . Despite much support for O'Brien from both the public and media professionals alike , NBC maintained its plan to move Leno to 11:35 . On January 21 , 2010 , NBC reached a $ 45 million settlement with O'Brien in order to end his contract . The Jay Leno Show ended on February 9 , 2010 , after being on the air for only four months , with Entertainment Weekly calling the program television 's `` Biggest Bomb of All Time . '' Leno resumed his duties as host of The Tonight Show on March 1 , 2010 , in a final stint that lasted until his February 2014 succession by Jimmy Fallon .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ddc5067964842a84d37bac79c4a8319b",
"text": "Discount theater Discount theaters , also known as dollar theatres , dollar movies , second-run theatres , and sub-run theatres , are movie theaters that show motion pictures for reduced prices after the films leave first-run theatres . Originally , they would receive 35mm films after they had been shown already at first run theaters ; therefore the film quality would be lower because the film was worn by dozens of showings , and the audience for the film would be reduced since it had been released weeks or months before . At the time , VHS was just rising as an affordable home video technology . Consequently , budget-conscious film-goers might wait for a film to hit the local dollar house instead of paying more money to see the film first-run . As the 21st century dawned , a pair of factors conspired to drive many discount theatres out of business : 1 ) an oversupply of American movie screens caused by ambitious overbuilding allowed films to stay longer in the first-run theatres , and 2 ) the delay between theatrical release and VHS or DVD release continued to shrink . This latter factor convinced many moviegoers that it was simply not worth the money , hassle , and possible encounters with noisy fellow patrons and sticky floors , meaning dollar theatres could be in the twilight of their existence .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2655d999bd8b9e48b3f1e1354f490733 | 28 Days (film) costars American actor Steve Buscemi. | [
{
"docid": "01ac3b808a820d20835904723044fd38",
"text": "28 Days (film) 28 Days is a 2000 American comedy-drama film directed by Betty Thomas . Sandra Bullock plays Gwen Cummings , a newspaper columnist obliged to enter rehabilitation for alcoholism . The film costars Viggo Mortensen , Dominic West , Elizabeth Perkins , Steve Buscemi , and Diane Ladd .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3ac92998d3d3fddd76354e48d8ded0a6",
"text": "Steven Conrad Steven Conrad ( born 1968 ) is an American screenwriter , film producer and director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "836c1dc39aa2d1307788fe99afaa564b",
"text": "Michael Wiseman Michael Wiseman ( born April 12 , 1967 ) is an American television and film actor . He is best known for his portrayal of Johnny Rizzo in the 2012 CBS series Vegas .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31ef278e3a4a5e75e38b5b9536cf7b06",
"text": "Bryan Dattilo Bryan Ronald Dattilo ( born July 29 , 1971 ) is an American actor . He is best known for his role as Lucas Horton on the NBC daytime soap opera Days of Our Lives .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08457daae1a4893dbe3cf42bcaad6c69",
"text": "Seymour Cassel Seymour Joseph Cassel ( born January 22 , 1935 ) is an American actor . Cassel first came to prominence in the 1960s in the pioneering independent films of writer/director John Cassavetes . The first of these was Too Late Blues ( 1961 ) , followed by Faces ( 1968 ) , for which he was nominated for an Academy Award and won a National Society of Film Critics Award . Cassel went on to appear in Cassavetes ' Minnie and Moskowitz ( 1971 ) , The Killing of a Chinese Bookie ( 1976 ) , Opening Night ( 1977 ) and Love Streams ( 1984 ) . He has further appeared in a number of independent and Hollywood film productions . Notable titles include Coogan 's Bluff ( 1968 ) , The Last Tycoon ( 1976 ) , Valentino ( 1977 ) , Johnny Be Good ( 1988 ) , Mobsters ( 1991 ) , In the Soup ( 1992 ) , Honeymoon in Vegas ( 1992 ) , Indecent Proposal ( 1993 ) , Beer League ( 2006 ) and Fort McCoy ( 2011 ) . Like Cassavetes , Wes Anderson has frequently cast Cassel , first in Rushmore ( 1998 ) and then in The Royal Tenenbaums ( 2001 ) and The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou ( 2004 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "075919310ce97322e46365d3dcbcd146",
"text": "Robert Bice Robert Bice ( March 14 , 1914 -- January 8 , 1968 ) , was an American television and film actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ef473a228c565b49c3e16ccd1e0a299",
"text": "Trevor Wright Trevor Christopher Wright ( born August 23 , 1980 in San Diego , California ) is an American actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cb8f10e8ad39a9bfa6cc1ccda2fe2f9",
"text": "James Morrison (actor) James Paige Morrison ( born April 21 , 1954 ) is an American actor best known for his portrayal of CTU Director Bill Buchanan on 24 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eb28c6ecf4b16bccf3bc92e1323ff194",
"text": "Roger Kumble Roger Kumble ( born May 28 , 1966 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , and playwright .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "191ef0077c7883f2dd598fb550444edd",
"text": "The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57ed520d1fa0b3e975e9c635fb691b08",
"text": "Three Days (of Hamlet) Three Days ( of Hamlet ) is an American documentary film from independent production company TMG , The Martindale Group , based in Los Angeles , California . TMG previously produced `` Pursuit of Happiness '' in 2000 starring Frank Whaley and Annabeth Gish . Three Days ( of Hamlet ) covers a troupe of actors , and others , who gather to rehearse and perform a staged-reading of William Shakespeare 's Tragedy of Hamlet at the Matrix Theatre in West Hollywood , California during three days in July 2010 . Reality intrudes . Alex Rotaru , Director of the documentary film Shakespeare High , in a personal message to the film 's creator , actor/director Alex Hyde-White , says about Three Days ( of Hamlet ) ' ... jaw-droppingly ambitious and often brilliant ... It was such an exquisite pleasure to learn something new about the play of all plays through your eyes . The pressure cooker in which you put yourself and your fellow actors was truly an ultimate test - I felt butterflies in my stomach just watching it . If Hamlet urges his actors to `` hold a mirror up to nature '' , you hold a mirror up to the mirror itself , doing what the French call ` mise en abime ' , or loosely : ` looking into the abyss of infinite reflections ' The film builds on its main structure of on-stage happenings by juxtaposing stories from the players , including actors Richard Chamberlain ( Polonius ) , Stefanie Powers ( Gertrude ) , Tom Badal ( Claudius ) , Peter Woodward ( Laertes/Player King ) and Joseph Culp ( Himself ) . The lead actor/manager Alex Hyde-White weaves his own personal dramatic narrative about `` Fathers and Sons '' as he recalls stories from his childhood as the son of the well-known British actor Wilfrid Hyde-White . At times , particularly when the character of Hamlet experiences the visitations from his father 's ghost , King Hamlet , the line of what is theatre and what is real life is purposely `` deconstructed '' and what happens onstage is commented on offstage resulting in a self-reflective dynamic of sometimes very powerful and moving proportions . Later , as the Son becomes the Father , a clear line of succession emerges in a profound , archetypal , way .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ef5e5cd417b2dacfd9af51deb8e16c94",
"text": "Tony Blundetto Anthony `` Tony '' Blundetto , played by Steve Buscemi , is a fictional character on the HBO TV series The Sopranos . He is Tony Soprano 's cousin who is released from prison at the beginning of the show 's fifth season . Upon release , Tony Blundetto begins to pursue a straight , non-criminal life . However , he is eventually overpowered by the challenges of civilian life and turns back to crime , dragging the DiMeo Crime Family into the Lupertazzi Crime Family 's power struggle . For his work in season 5 , Buscemi received critical acclaim and was nominated for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Drama Series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b8edbcb5349b9579c3f63eb110af68a",
"text": "Three Days to Vegas Three Days to Vegas is a 2007 American comedy film , directed by Charlie Picerni and starring Peter Falk , Rip Torn , George Segal , Billy Burke and Bill Cobbs . The story follows four elderly male retirees who take a road trip to Las Vegas to stop the impending marriage of one of their daughters , played by Nancy Young . Cobbs replaced iconic actor Ossie Davis in the cast after Davis died during production . The film features various actors in supporting roles , including Chris Diamantopoulos , Reginald VelJohnson , and Taylor Negron .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1a6718025ad55ffc029fb444a7c55b4",
"text": "Steve Guttenberg Steven Robert `` Steve '' Guttenberg ( born August 24 , 1958 ) is an American actor , author , businessman , producer , and director . He starred in 1984 's Police Academy , and went on to perform in lead roles in Hollywood films of the 1980s , including Cocoon , Three Men and a Baby , and Short Circuit .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "261f359fcfd2ef5796d55fb14d7f9e0a",
"text": "Adam Davenport Adam Davenport ( born May 27 , 1984 ) is an American film director , screenwriter , stage actor and music producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1663a1e0b74e853a51ca19309072c798",
"text": "The Last Day of August The Last Day of August is a 2012 American film drama about four friends recovering from the physical and psychological damage of a car accident . An independent feature film , it was directed by Craig DiFolco with a screenplay written by DiFolco and Sara Rempe . It was the debut film of the writers and the director . Its running time is 75 minutes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "de4768b24a6f1ca7d782aa14997d00a5",
"text": "American Gigolo American Gigolo is a 1980 American romantic crime film written and directed by Paul Schrader , and starring Richard Gere , Lauren Hutton , Hector Elizondo , Nina Van Pallandt and Bill Duke . It tells the story of Julian Kaye , a high-price male escort in Los Angeles who becomes romantically involved with a prominent politician 's wife while simultaneously becoming the prime suspect in a murder case . The film is notable for establishing Gere as a leading man , and was one of the first mainstream Hollywood films to include frontal male nudity from its main star . It is also notable for its accompanying soundtrack , composed by Giorgio Moroder and featuring the number-one hit single `` Call Me '' by Blondie . Schrader considers it one of four similar films , which he calls `` double bookends '' : Taxi Driver , bookended by Light Sleeper , and American Gigolo bookended by The Walker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f73947644104819d2a325afc9cc3d950",
"text": "Kiss Daddy Goodnight Kiss Daddy Goodnight is a 1987 American neo-noir psychological thriller film directed by Peter Ily Huemer . It stars Uma Thurman in her film debut , and Steve Buscemi in a small role .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d4d67550f96b4879c2db2c62679417b",
"text": "Sam Golzari Sam Golzari ( سام گلزاری born 12 July 1979 ) is a British actor of Iranian descent active in the United States . He is known for his debut role in American Dreamz . Golzari was born in Hammersmith , London , England , to parents of Persian origin . He received his BA from UCLA in 2003 , where he worked in the Conservatory Acting Program . Golzari got his start at the age of four as a Michael Jackson impersonator . Besides his work at UCLA , Golzari has also been a lab member of the Latino Theater Company under Jose Luis Valenzuela . Golzari 's plans were to stay in the theater , but while at college he started working on student films . It was there that he began to find a love for the craft of filmmaking . His short film The Break won an award for the `` best ensemble cast '' at the Method Fest film festival . After this , he got his TV debut when the Showtime network aired his film The Invisible Man , directed by UCLA film student Angela Mrema . After college graduation , Golzari landed the first Hollywood film for which he auditioned , American Dreamz . In the film he stars alongside Hugh Grant , Mandy Moore and Dennis Quaid . Since that film , he plays the role of Kameron in the film 21 alongside Jim Sturgess and Kevin Spacey . He has also worked with Tony Shalhoub on the film AmericanEast , as well as an all-improv mockumentary , Juan Francis : Live , produced by Norman Lear . Golzari is also a founding member of the LA-based band the Elevaters , who have released a self-titled EP as well as a full-length album entitled `` Rising . '' He has also appeared in 2016 American film , Jimmy Vestvood : Amerikan Hero .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3593ccc3362a8063a26fe65172494374",
"text": "Roger Guenveur Smith Roger Guenveur Smith ( born July 27 , 1955 ) is an American actor , director , and writer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b7eefe030788b62124a0b3745c18aa8",
"text": "Leap Day (30 Rock) `` Leap Day '' is the eighth episode of the sixth season of the American television comedy series 30 Rock , and the 112th overall episode of the series . It was directed by Steve Buscemi , and written by Luke Del Tredici . The episode originally aired on NBC in the United States on February 23 , 2012 , and received positive reviews for its inventive script and the engaging performance by its guest stars . The episode revolves around star Liz Lemon ( portrayed by Tina Fey ) facing a crisis when presented with an extravagant sum of money to have sex with an old acquaintance while her boss Jack Donaghy ( Alec Baldwin ) learns the true meaning of Leap Day and the possibilities it presents to mend broken relationships .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5d773d1572e42e8553123e9bec19b96c | Sense and Sensibility originally printed 750 copies. | [
{
"docid": "881c9be753323d0a6395ac077c032e83",
"text": "Sense and Sensibility Sense and Sensibility is a novel by Jane Austen , published in 1811 . It was published anonymously ; By A Lady appears on the cover page where the author 's name might have been . It tells the story of the Dashwood sisters , Elinor and Marianne , both of age to marry . The novel follows the young women to their new home with their widowed mother , a meagre cottage on the property of a distant relative , where they experience love , romance and heartbreak . The novel is set in southwest England , London and Sussex between 1792 and 1797 . The novel sold out its first print run of 750 copies in the middle of 1813 , marking a success for its author , who then had a second print run later that year . The novel continued in publication throughout the 19th , 20th and 21st centuries .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e2b5ad3c67edfef83f9e49b2cc4a37d5",
"text": "St Cuthbert Gospel The St Cuthbert Gospel , also known as the Stonyhurst Gospel or the St Cuthbert Gospel of St John , is an early 8th-century pocket gospel book , written in Latin . Its finely decorated leather binding is the earliest known Western bookbinding to survive , and both the 94 vellum folios and the binding are in outstanding condition for a book of this age . With a page size of only 138 x , the St Cuthbert Gospel is one of the smallest surviving Anglo-Saxon manuscripts . The essentially undecorated text is the Gospel of John in Latin , written in a script that has been regarded as a model of elegant simplicity . The book takes its name from Saint Cuthbert of Lindisfarne , North East England , in whose tomb it was placed , probably a few years after his death in 687 . Although it was long regarded as Cuthbert 's personal copy of the Gospel , to which there are early references , and so a relic of the saint , the book is now thought to date from shortly after Cuthbert 's death . It was probably a gift from Monkwearmouth -- Jarrow Abbey , where it was written , intended to be placed in St Cuthbert 's coffin in the few decades after this was placed behind the altar at Lindisfarne in 698 . It presumably remained in the coffin through its long travels after 875 , forced by Viking invasions , ending at Durham Cathedral . The book was found inside the coffin and removed in 1104 when the burial was once again moved within the cathedral . It was kept there with other relics , and important visitors were able to wear the book in a leather bag around their necks . It is thought that after the Dissolution of the Monasteries in England by Henry VIII between 1536 and 1541 , the book passed to collectors . It was eventually given to Stonyhurst College , the Jesuit school in Lancashire . From 1979 it was on long-term loan from the British province of the Jesuit order to the British Library , catalogued as Loan 74 . On 14 July 2011 the British Library launched a fundraising campaign to buy the book for # 9 million , and on 17 April 2012 announced that the purchase had been completed and the book was now British Library Additional MS 89000 . The library plans to display the Gospel for equal amounts of time in London and Durham . It describes the manuscript as `` the earliest surviving intact European book and one of the world 's most significant books '' . The Cuthbert Gospel returned to Durham to feature in exhibitions in 2013 and 2014 . In 2017 it was `` resting '' off display , but it will be in British Library 's Anglo-Saxon exhibition in autumn 2018 . A new book on the gospel was published in 2015 , incorporating the results of research since the purchase ; among other things this pushed the likely date from the late 7th to the early 8th century , perhaps as late as 730 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a2a737922a2ee4c783683b50f04d8d91",
"text": "The Leisure Hour The Leisure Hour was a British general-interest periodical of the Victorian era which ran weekly from 1852 to 1905 . It was the most successful of several popular magazines published by the Religious Tract Society , which produced Christian literature for a wide audience . Each issue mixed multiple genres of fiction and factual stories , historical and topical . The magazine 's title referred to campaigns that had decreased work hours , giving workers extra leisure time . Until 1876 , it carried the subtitle `` A Family Journal of Instruction and Recreation '' ; after that , the subtitle changed to `` An illustrated magazine for home reading '' . Each issue cost one penny and comprised 16 pages . The layout typically included approximately six long articles , formatted in two columns per page , and five or six illustrations . The articles were a mix , including biographies , poetry , essays , and fiction . Each issue usually started with a piece of serialised fiction . The creation of the magazine was partly a response to non-religious popular magazines that the Religious Tract Society saw as delivering a `` pernicious '' morality to the working classes . The ethos of the magazine was guided by Sabbatarianism : the campaign to keep Sunday as a day of rest . It aimed to treat its diverse subjects `` in the light of Christian truth '' . Despite this , The Leisure Hour carried far fewer statements of Christian doctrine than the Society 's other publications . Compared to other popular magazines of the time , The Leisure Hour had a greater emphasis on fiction . Two days before the magazine 's launch in 1852 , a warehouse fire destroyed the first batch of The Leisure Hour , so replacement copies had to be printed . The magazine was edited by William Haig Miller until 1858 , James Macaulay from 1858 to 1895 , and William Stevens from 1895 to 1900 . Harold Copping was one of its illustrators . Authors were initially only credited by initials rather than by name , giving the writing a collective rather than individual authority , though naming of authors became more common from the 1870s onwards . In its jubilee issue , published in 1902 , the magazine identified 111 authors who had contributed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97110922d6e385c1c5fc5a03650b67de",
"text": "Old master print An old master print is a work of art produced by a printing process within the Western tradition . The term remains current in the art trade , and there is no easy alternative in English to distinguish the works of `` fine art '' produced in printmaking from the vast range of decorative , utilitarian and popular prints that grew rapidly alongside the artistic print from the 15th century onwards . Fifteenth-century prints are sufficiently rare that they are classed as old master prints even if they are of crude or merely workmanlike artistic quality . A date of about 1830 is usually taken as marking the end of the period whose prints are covered by this term . The main techniques used , in order of their introduction , are woodcut , engraving , etching , mezzotint and aquatint , although there are others . Different techniques are often combined in a single print . With rare exceptions printed on textiles , such as silk , or on vellum , old master prints are printed on paper . This article is concerned with the artistic , historical and social aspects of the subject ; the article on printmaking summarizes the techniques used in making old master prints , from a modern perspective . Many great European artists , such as Albrecht Dürer , Rembrandt , and Francisco Goya , were dedicated printmakers . In their own day , their international reputations largely came from their prints , which were spread far more widely than their paintings . Influences between artists were also mainly transmitted beyond a single city by prints ( and sometimes drawings ) , for the same reason . Prints therefore are frequently brought up in detailed analyses of individual paintings in art history . Today , thanks to colour photo reproductions , and public galleries , their paintings are much better known , whilst their prints are only rarely exhibited , for conservation reasons . But some museum print rooms allow visitors to see their collection , sometimes only by appointment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a75341e7ee8d4202fa29a62896b7307",
"text": "Chapbook A chapbook is an early type of popular literature printed in early modern Europe . Produced cheaply , chapbooks were commonly small , paper-covered booklets , usually printed on a single sheet folded into books of 8 , 12 , 16 and 24 pages . They were often illustrated with crude woodcuts , which sometimes bore no relation to the text . When illustrations were included in chapbooks , they were considered popular prints . The tradition of chapbooks arose in the 16th century , as soon as printed books became affordable , and rose to its height during the 17th and 18th centuries . Many different kinds of ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks , such as almanacs , children 's literature , folk tales , ballads , nursery rhymes , pamphlets , poetry , and political and religious tracts . The term `` chapbook '' for this type of literature was coined in the 19th century . The corresponding French and German terms are bibliothèque bleue ( blue book ) and Volksbuch , respectively . In Spain they were known as pliegos de cordel . The term `` chapbook '' is also in use for present-day publications , commonly short , inexpensive booklets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30ab62d2c2c8e7cc7d91d3d4e5c97721",
"text": "G.S. Tregear Gabriel Shear Tregear ( 1802 -- 21 February 1841 ) , also known as Gabriel Shire Tregear , was an English publisher of caricatures and prints . Active from the late 1820s until his death , he operated his `` Humorous and Sporting Print Shop '' from quarters near today 's 123 Cheapside , London . Artists and caricaturists published by Tregear included a member of the Cruikshank family of caricaturists , Isaac Robert Cruikshank . In 1821 Tregear married Ann McLean , sister of printseller and publisher Thomas McLean , with whom he was to have thirteen children ( six surviving childhood ) . In 1823 he published the third edition of Francis B. Spilsburyʼs `` Picturesque Scenery in the Holy Land and Syria '' ( McLean had published the previous edition ) from an address in Southwark . By 1826 he had moved to Drury Lane , and published caricatures and other prints from St Peter 's Alley , Cornhill . In 1827-1828 he published sporting and theatrical prints from 104 St Martins Lane . From 1828-1835 he occupied number 123 on the northwestern corner of Cheapside and Wood Street . This building has since been demolished , but during his day the printshop window was crowded with caricatures . The Times of 7 May 1832 reports : On Saturday morning , about 11 oʼclock , as a boy named William Gunton , son of a watch-spring-maker , No. 3 City-gardens , was standing at the corner of Wood-street , looking at a caricature-shop window , a wagon in passing caught his arm between the stump ( put up by the city for protection ) and nearly severed it from the body . He was immediately taken to St. Bartholomew 's Hospital , and the arm was amputated . There is every possibility of his recovery . The corner of Wood-street is rendered exceedingly dangerous by the exhibition of caricatures , as it invariably induces a crowd to assemble round the shop . On the Saturday previous , a gentleman named Bragge nearly lost his life , within a few yards of the same spot , and numerous robberies are continually occurring . A policeman was subsequently stationed on the corner and Tregear forced to reduce the number of prints displayed . In 1834 he moved to 96 Cheapside , where he worked until his death in 1841 . He died on 21 February 1841 , at 18 Goulden Terrace , Islington , of influenza , and was buried at St. Martin in the Fields in Camden Town . His widow continued to operate the business with Thomas Crump Lewis as Tregear & Lewis , also selling musical instruments . The firm went bankrupt in 1844 . Tregear published many series , of which Flights of Humour appears to be the longest , running to 95 prints or more . They are generally undated . The `` Rum Jokes '' series ran to at least 43 prints , and cover hunting , shooting , and fishing , plus racing events , skating , billiards and the building trade . His `` Black Jokes '' were described in an advertisement as `` being a Series of Laughable Caricatures on the March of Manners Amongst the Blacks . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6deb8f55a605207b39eef77dd49501c4",
"text": "The Norton Anthology of English Literature The Norton Anthology of English Literature is an anthology of English literature published by the W. W. Norton & Company . First published in 1962 , it has gone through nine editions in a half-century ; as of 2006 there are over eight million copies in print , making it the publisher 's best-selling anthology . M. H. Abrams , a critic and scholar of Romanticism , served as General Editor for its first seven editions , before handing the job to Stephen Greenblatt , a Shakespeare scholar and Harvard professor . The anthology provides an overview of poetry , drama , prose fiction , essays , and letters from Beowulf to the beginning of the 21st century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "14936935ac01d1058e99d401feed386f",
"text": "Tait's Edinburgh Magazine Tait 's Edinburgh Magazine was a monthly periodical founded in 1832 . It was an important venue for liberal political views , as well as contemporary cultural and literary developments , in early-to-mid-nineteenth century Britain . The magazine was founded by William Tait ( 1792 -- 1864 ) , the son of a builder and an inheritor of a large fortune . Tait was an `` independent radical '' in politics ; he strongly favored the Whig party . 1832 was a time of great political ferment , with the first Reform Bill the dominant subject of discourse . Tait 's periodical was intended as a `` Radical riposte '' to `` the politically revanchist but culturally avant-garde Blackwood 's Edinburgh Magazine . '' Tait 's welcomed many new and unknown writers like Robert Nicoll , as well as established voices like James Henry Leigh Hunt , and figures of future fame like Harriet Martineau and John Stuart Mill . From 1833 on , Tait 's Magazine was a regular venue for the essays of Thomas De Quincey . De Quincey 's series of biographical essays on the Lake Poets ( later collected as Recollections of the Lake Poets ) were featured in Tait 's between 1834 and 1840 . Tait published a range of other selections by De Quincey , including , somewhat surprisingly , `` A Tory 's Account of Toryism , Whiggism and Radicalism '' ( December 1835 , January 1836 ) . That article , however , was supplied with many sarcastic footnotes disagreeing with its points -- `` objecting foot-notes from the pen , presumably , of Tait himself . '' In 1834 Tait 's Magazine was combined with Johnstone 's Edinburgh Magazine , a liberal periodical started two years earlier by husband and wife John Johnstone and Christian Isobel Johnstone . She was an early feminist who wrote extensively for Tait 's in the following years , becoming the magazine 's `` chief contributor and director '' under William Tait himself . Christian Johnstone was `` the first woman to serve as paid editor of a major Victorian periodical , '' to which she brought `` fresh life and popularity . '' In the same year Alexander Bailey Richmond took the magazine 's London agents to court , for reviewing a work calling Richmond a government spy : the defence was successful . Christian Johnstone died in 1857 ; Tait 's Magazine ceased publication in 1861 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd3b7d7b6a986db5fe4ddbdc9d3305d5",
"text": "Barbara Cartland Dame Barbara Cartland DBE CStJ ( 9 July 1901 -- 21 May 2000 ) , born as Mary Barbara Hamilton Cartland , was an English author of romance novels , one of the best-selling authors as well as one of the most prolific and commercially successful worldwide of the twentieth century . Her 723 novels were translated into 38 languages and she continues to be referenced in the Guinness World Records for the most novels published in a single year in 1976 . As Barbara Cartland she is known for her numerous romantic novels but she also wrote under her married name of Barbara McCorquodale and briefly under the pseudonym of Marcus Belfry . She wrote more than 700 books , as well as plays , music , verse , drama , magazine articles and operetta , and was a prominent philanthropist . She reportedly sold more than 750 million copies . Other sources estimate her book sales at more than two billion copies . She specialised in 19th-century Victorian era pure romance . Her novels all featured portrait-style artwork , particularly the cover art , usually designed by Frances Marshall . As head of Cartland Promotions , she also became one of London 's most prominent society figures , of the latter always presenting herself in pink gown and plumed hat , she was one of Britain 's most popular media personalities , right up until her death in 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da321c0d37dd34d064a313286ff15be8",
"text": "List of The New York Times Manga Best Sellers The New York Times Best Seller list for manga published in the United States was introduced on March 5 , 2009 , along with two additional lists for hardcover and paperback graphic novels . The three lists are grouped under the `` Graphic Books '' category . Deborah Hoffman , an editor for the Best Seller lists , explained that the term `` Graphic Books '' was selected to create an `` inclusive and expansive '' list which can extend to works of both fiction and non-fiction . Journalist George Gustines announced , in his introduction of the new lists , `` Comics have finally joined the mainstream . '' The announcement was made the week the film Watchmen , based on the comic book of the same name , was released in movie theaters throughout the U.S. . The Best Seller lists are printed weekly in The New York Times Book Review magazine , which is published in the Sunday edition of The New York Times and as a stand-alone publication . Gustines explained the methodology used to determine the rankings : Rankings reflect sales of graphic novels -LSB- ... -RSB- at many thousands of venues where a wide range of books are sold nationwide . These include hundreds of independent book retailers ( statistically weighted to represent all such outlets ) ; national , regional and local chains ; online and multimedia entertainment retailers ; university , gift , supermarket , discount department stores and newsstands . In addition , these rankings also include unit sales reported by retailers nationwide that specialize in graphic novels and comic books . On multiple occasions , manga have been listed outside its designated list . Mike Kiley , then-Senior Vice President of the publisher Tokyopop , explained in 2010 that it has become more difficult to draw a distinguishing line between works that are manga and manga-inspired , such as Korean manhwa and American original English language ( OEL ) manga . A Drifting Life , an autobiographical manga by Yoshihiro Tatsumi , appeared on the May 3 , 2009 , Best Seller list for paperback graphic novels , where it ranked third . X-Men : Misfits , an original English manga based on the X-Men comic book franchise , ranked fifth at its debut on the August 30 , 2009 , paperback graphic novels list , and stayed on the chart for five consecutive weeks . The first volume of a manhwa adaptation of the popular vampire-themed Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer remained on the hardcover graphic novels Best Seller list for 27 consecutive weeks in 2010 . In January 2017 , the Times decided to stop producing the separate manga best seller list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "95428823d46a1c8d4d0ae45290444d82",
"text": "The Reader (magazine) The Reader is a Liverpool-based literary magazine published quarterly by The Reader Organisation . The magazine was founded in 1997 by Sarah Coley , Jane Davis , and Angela Macmillan with a grant from the University of Liverpool 's School of English . It operated as part of the University of Liverpool until 2008 when the parent organisation became an independent charitable body . The Reader magazine is currently edited by Philip Davis , author , biographer , and Professor of English at the University of Liverpool . The Deputy Editor is Sarah Coley . The magazine features original poetry and short fiction , essays , interviews and recommendations with an emphasis on the enjoyment of reading good quality writing . Issues are based loosely around a given theme , with letters , a crossword and the famously tricky ` Buck 's Quiz ' making up the last section . Since taking over the editorship from his wife in 2007 Philip Davis has overseen a successful redesign and relaunch and the magazine now includes a small amount of photography . The magazine has managed to attract many high-profile contributors over the years , including A. S. Byatt , Howard Jacobson , Seamus Heaney , Will Self , Graham Swift , John Kinsella , Les Murray , John Carey , Bel Mooney and Jonathan Bate . As well as the magazine , The Reader Organisation promotes live literature and outreach events and educational community-based projects such as Get Into Reading , promoting and researching the therapeutic value of reading ( ` bibliotherapy ' ) . In this context The Reader supports and works with other U.K. arts in health charities such as Poems in the Waiting Room . In 2008 it spun off from the University of Liverpool as an independent charitable organisation with Blake Morrison as its Chair and Jane Davis as director .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cf1e6ace397222906d9118785f1ce89",
"text": "Popular print Popular prints is a term for printed images of generally low artistic quality which were sold cheaply in Europe and later the New World from the 15th to 18th centuries , often with text as well as images . They were some of the earliest examples of mass media . After about 1800 , the types and quantity of images greatly increased , but other terms are usually used to categorise them .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3b1f1c2790d188bd4dcbf906256ec54",
"text": "The Works of Max Beerbohm The Works of Max Beerbohm was the first book published by English caricaturist , essayist and parodist Max Beerbohm . It was published in 1896 when Beerbohm was aged 24 . A collection of Beerbohm 's essays from the 1890s written while he was still a student at Oxford and which had originally been printed in The Yellow Book , The Savoy , The Pageant , The Chap Book , and other notable periodicals , the book was published in London by John Lane at The Bodley Head in 1896 , and launched Beerbohm 's career as an essayist . The book contains Beerbohm 's notorious essay A Defence of Cosmetics , which had appeared in the first number of The Yellow Book in April 1894 , revised and renamed The Pervasion of Rouge . `` Replete with mock-scholarly footnotes and biographical information , The Works epitomizes Beerbohm 's penchant for deflating pretentiousness with satiric imitation , '' wrote Ann Adams Cleary in the Dictionary of Literary Biography . `` Anything large - ideas , ideals , literary works , London crowds - caused him dismay . '' In this , his first book , the 24-year-old Beerbohm announced gravely that he would now retire from letters , having said all there was to say . Of course , he did not . A limited edition of 780 copies , signed and numbered by the author , was issued in 1922 , with 750 being offered for sale , while the remaining 30 were for presentation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "78102d553184448ad7fc3f069e9a696f",
"text": "Lady Drury's Closet Lady Drury 's Closet ( also known as the Hawstead Panels ) is a series of painted wooden panels of early 17th-century date , currently installed in the room over the porch of Christchurch Mansion in Ipswich , Suffolk , England . They originally decorated a painted closet , about 7 ft square , adjacent to a bedroom in Hawstead Place , near Bury St Edmunds . It is believed they were made for Anne Drury , Lady Drury , wife of Sir Robert Drury of Hawstead and Hardwick , who died in 1624 . They were removed to Hardwick House , Suffolk , probably by Sir Robert , before 1615 ; and when the Hardwick House contents were sold in 1924 , they were purchased for and installed in Christchurch Mansion when it had already become the home of the Fine and Decorative Arts collections of the Ipswich Museum . The panels contain a series of emblems of the kind associated with emblem books -- images fashionable throughout Europe for private religious meditation in that age . The original sequence of the emblems is unclear , although the panels as arranged under their Latin `` headings '' are as originally devised . In addition to their importance for the study of emblems in general , they are significant because the Drurys were patrons of the poet and divine John Donne , who wrote his two Anniversaries following the death in 1610 of their daughter Elizabeth Drury -- namely , An Anatomy of the World and The Second Anniversarie or the Progresse of the Soule . The epigrammatic and verbally or visually paradoxical themes of the paintings are , however , linked more directly to the themes and techniques of meditation developed in the writings and sermons of the preacher Joseph Hall , who was chaplain and spiritual advisor to Lady Drury at Hawstead .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d18e32e3a8b8f8a9851dba727158c708",
"text": "Nathaniel Crouch Nathaniel Crouch ( born c. 1632 ) was an English printer and bookseller , and under the pseudonym Richard Burton ( or R.B. ) wrote historical books as well . As a historian , he is considered a hack , borrowing material from other books and rewriting them under his pseudonym , then publishing and marketing them under the Crouch imprint . Though he was the type of writer/publisher denounced in the following century by writers such as Samuel Butler ( Prose Observations ) and Alexander Pope ( The Dunciad ) , more recent assessments of his life and career see him as an important figure in the development of historiography , especially in the popularization of a hitherto high-culture genre of discourse . Around the date September 30 , 1681 , an unlikely forerunner of Readers ' Digest , called Historical Rarities in London and Westminster was first published by Crouch . Robert Chambers ' Book of Days ( 1864 ) elaborated : `` With probably little education , but something of a natural gift for writing , Crouch had the sagacity to see that the works of the learned , from their form and price , were kept within a narrow circle of readers , while there was a vast multitude outside who were able and willing to read , provided that a literature suited to their means and capacities was supplied to them . He accordingly set himself the task of transfusing large and pompous books into a series of small , cheap volumes , modestly concealing his authorship under his nom de plume . Thus , he produced Surprising Miracles of Nature and Art , and many other treatises on very plain paper , and sold -LSB- them -RSB- at an exceedingly reasonable rate . His enterprise and diligence were rewarded by large sales and considerable wealth . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a99574ef91732dc97a4219e3c62ba61",
"text": "London Figaro The London Figaro was a London periodical devoted to politics , literature , art , criticism and satire during the Victorian era . It was founded as a daily paper in 1870 with the backing of Napoleon III but after a year re-established itself as a general interest weekly magazine and is chiefly remembered nowadays for its highly independent drama criticism . The first issue was published by James Mortimer on May 17 , 1870 from a small shop at 199 Strand . It was initially a daily periodical and continued to be published daily until March 18 , 1871 . At this point it changed format from a newspaper to a weekly magazine owing to the withdrawal of its financial support as a result of French defeat in the Franco-Prussian War . Among those who contributed to it were William Archer ( writing as Almaviva , drama critic ) , Ernest Bendall , Faustin Betbeder ( Faustin , caricaturist ) , Percy Betts ( Cherubino , musical critic ) , Ambrose Bierce ( Passing Showman , Town Crier ) , Edward Bradley ( Cuthbert Bede ) , Aglen Dowty ( Young and Happy Husband , OPQ Philander Smiff ) , John Baker Hopkins , Frank Marshall , Edwin Milliken , Clement Scott ( Almaviva , drama critic ) , and Edward Blanchard ( drama critic ) . Mortimer was a chess master and so the Figaro had a chess column , which from 1872 until 1876 was contributed by Johann Löwenthal and from 1876 to 1882 by Wilhelm Steinitz . The magazine became very popular during the mid-1870s and for several years was published twice a week . Mortimer was very supportive of his writers and in particular strove to shield the identities of his drama critics , Clement Scott , and later William Archer , both of whom wrote under the pseudonym , Almaviva . Mortimer suffered much personal abuse from actors and promoters as a result . In 1879 Mortimer was the defendant in a libel case brought against him by William Henry Weldon as a result of the serial which the Figaro had run on the topic of Georgina Weldon , his wife , who claimed that she had been unjustly confined under the lunacy laws of the time . Owing to a combination of misfortune and bad decisions Mortimer lost the case and was sentenced to three months in prison and a heavy fine . In 1882 Mortimer sold the Figaro . Writing in Journalistic London later in the year , Joseph Hatton , said , The Figaro once prospered exceedingly . Its founder , Mr. James Mortimer , an American with a French training in journalism , first introduced it to London as a daily paper . He was unfortunate in challenging attention for a light , chatty , and serio-comic treatment of current news and literature at a time when the public mind was excited with the tragedies of a great war . Otherwise the daily Figaro might possibly have been alive now . A weekly edition reached an enormous circulation . Its chief leader-writer was Mr. John Baker Hopkins , a journalist who for many years was associated with The Law Journal . Mr. Hopkins is the author of '' Nihilism ; or , The Terror Unmasked , '' and several works of fiction . `` The Smiff Papers '' did much to extend the circulation of The Figaro , as did also the dramatic criticisms signed `` Alma Viva . '' Mr. Doughty was the author of the first mentioned feature , Mr. Clement Scott of the second . Recently the paper has been taken over by a limited liability company , and Mr. Mortimer appears to be giving more attention to play-writing than to journalism . The magazine continued in publication for another 15 years . By the late 1890s however it had lost a lot of its readership and at a shareholders ' Extraordinary General Meeting in December 1897 , it was agreed to wind it up .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "601b1973f8497c23b26c4f3cc1ff80f6",
"text": "The Anglican Digest The Anglican Digest is a quarterly religious magazine which provides devotional material , book reviews , and other information related to Anglicanism . It is published by SPEAK , the Society for Promoting and Encouraging Arts and Knowledge ( of the Church ) , which was founded as the Episcopal Book Club in 1953 by Howard Lane Foland , an Episcopal priest in Nevada , Missouri . Since 1960 , it has been based on a former dairy farm in the Ozarks called Hillspeak near Eureka Springs , Arkansas . When it began in 1958 , it described itself as `` A quarterly miscellany reflecting the words and work of the Churches of the Anglican Communion : some things old many things new most things borrowed everything true . '' James B. Simpson became executive director after its founder retired in 1980 . At that time , it reported a paid circulation of over 100,000 worldwide . By 1989 , subscriptions had increased to almost 250,000 with six issues per year . However , in 2012 it reported 45,000 readers . Edward L. Salmon , Jr. chaired the publication 's board for 41 years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a96764be16866b05410eae1eccc9d6e7",
"text": "Permabooks Permabooks was a paperback division of Doubleday , established by Doubleday in 1948 . Although published by Doubleday 's Garden City Publishing Company in Garden City , Long Island , the Permabooks editorial office was located at 14 West 49th Street in Manhattan . Promoted with the slogans Books of Permanent Value for Permanent Use and Books to Keep , the early Permabooks were priced at 35 cents . They did not feature the flexible covers usually associated with paperback books . Instead , as the name implies , the first Permabooks were designed in a more durable format with board covers . The interior looked like a paperback , but the exterior , measuring 4 ⅜ '' wide by 6 1/2 '' deep , gave the impression of a reduced-size hardcover . The edges of the stiff , unflexible board cover extended 1/8 '' past the trim of the interior pages . The concept was heralded in a back cover blurb : Permabooks combine the virtues of handiness for the pocket and durability for the library shelf . They are selected with care to provide reliable books for education and recreation . Each has been printed from new plates and bound in boards with special wear-resistant finish . The initial format only lasted three years , with Doubleday switching to the standard paperback appearance in 1951 , as indicated by Hyde Park Books ' breakdown of the numbering sequence : The binding influenced editorial decisions . There was no sense publishing a durable book that no one had reason to keep , so the first titles were Best-Loved Poems , How to Write Letters , Best Quotations for All Occasions and other reference-style works . The numbering sequence : P1-P92 , hardbacks ; there was no P93 ; P94-P97 , hardbacks ; P98 , paper ; P99-P101 , hard ; P102 on were all paperback . Plus , P5 , P7 , P25 , P65 , P89 were re-issued as paperback without being re-numbered . In 1954 , the company was purchased by Pocket Books , which began numbering Permabooks with M1000 , skipped to M1600 , skipped for the third title to M2001 , skipped yet again to M3002 for the fourth title , and then numbered sequentially until M5014 , when it jumped to M7500 . The Perma Star imprint began in 1952 . Perma Special , which also began that year , was a higher quality line selling for 50 cents . These imprints included originals by Richard Stark ( a Donald E. Westlake pseudonym ) and Ed McBain ( pseudonym for Evan Hunter ) . In 1954 , Doubleday sold Permabooks to Pocket Books , which kept the Permabooks name as one of their imprints , issuing both originals and reprints .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "004d9aad25059c7c06ca69c9fbfbd779",
"text": "Press laws Press laws are the laws concerning the licensing of books and the liberty of expression in all products of the printing-press , especially newspapers . The liberty of the press has always been regarded by political writers as of supreme importance . Give me liberty to know , to utter , and to argue freely according to conscience , above all other liberties , says Milton in the Areopagitica . Before the invention of printing , the Church assumed the right to control the expression of all opinion distasteful to her . When the printing press was invented , German printers established themselves at various important centres of western Europe , where already numbers of copyists were employed in multiplying manuscripts . In 1473 Louis XI granted letters patent ( giving the right of printing and selling books ) to Uldaric Quring ( Ulrich Gering ) , who three years earlier had set up a press in the Sorbonne ( the theological faculty of the university at Paris ) , and before long Paris had more than fifty presses at work . The Church and universities soon found the output of books beyond their control . In 1496 Pope Alexander VI began to be restrictive , and in 1501 he issued a bull against unlicensed printing , which introduced the principle of censorship . Between 1524 and 1548 the Imperial Diet in Germany drew up various stringent regulations ; and in France , prohibited by edict , under penalty of death , the printing of books , This was too severe , however , and shortly afterwards the Sorbonne was given the right of deciding , a system which lasted to the Revolution .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75d54bebd4b037690cb2e3804cdae019",
"text": "The Bookseller The Bookseller is a British magazine reporting news on the publishing industry . Philip Jones is editor-in-chief of the weekly print edition of the magazine and the website . The magazine is home to the Bookseller/Diagram Prize for Oddest Title of the Year , a humorous award given annually to the book with the oddest title . The award is organised by The Bookseller '' 's diarist , Horace Bent , and had been administered in recent years by the former deputy editor , Joel Rickett , and former charts editor , Philip Stone . We Love This Book is its quarterly sister consumer website and email newsletter . The subscription-only magazine is read by around 30,000 persons each week , in over 90 countries , and contains the latest news from the publishing and bookselling worlds , in-depth analysis , pre-publication book previews and author interviews . It is the first publication to publish official weekly bestseller lists in the UK . It has also created the first UK-based e-book sales ranking . The website is visited by 160,000 unique users each month . The magazine also produces approximately a dozen specials on an annual basis including its Books of The Year and four `` Buyers Guides '' . The Bookseller '' also publishes three daily newspapers at the annual London Book Fair , in April , the Bologna Children 's Book Fair and the Frankfurt Book Fair , in October .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d8d499198fe25b1cd5c2176ce341371",
"text": "Poets House Poets House is a national literary center and poetry library based in New York City . With more than 60,000 volumes of poetry , the library is the premier independent poetry library in the United States . It is free and open to the public . Founded in 1985 by the late Stanley Kunitz , two-time poet laureate of the United States , and arts administrator Elizabeth Kray , Poets House contains virtually all poetry books published in the U.S. since 1990 , plus many that are long out of print dating to the early 20th Century . It also contains literary journals and chapbooks ( small , self-published books of poetry ) , and many audiotapes , videotapes , CDs , and DVDs of poetry readings from the mid-twentieth century through today . Visitors to Poets House can hear the voices of Walt Whitman , E. E. Cummings , William Carlos Williams , Sylvia Plath and hundreds of other poets . Every year , Poets House hosts the Poets House Showcase , which gathers and displays every book of poetry published in the United States in the preceding year . Poets House also curates and presents hundreds of readings , lectures , panels , symposiums and performances each year . In 1996 , the literary newspaper Poetry Flash called Poets House `` The House That Holds A Country , '' a reference to its dedication to being a caretaker of the nation 's poetic heritage . In 2005 , it was among 406 New York City arts and social service institutions to receive part of a $ 20 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation , which was made possible through a donation by New York City mayor Michael Bloomberg . In 2009 , Poets House moved from its longstanding location in SoHo to an eco-friendly `` green '' building at Ten River Terrace in Lower Manhattan 's Battery Park City . With a long-term lease ( until 2069 ) awarded by the Battery Park City Authority , Poets House has a permanent home for its collection . This new home for Poets House , with interiors designed by architect Louise Braverman , is on two floors covering 11000 sqft with a large children 's room , an exhibition space , a reading room and library , and a program hall that opens onto an extension of Teardrop Park . With views of the Hudson River and the Statue of Liberty , the new Poets House is bordered by Nelson A Rockefeller Park and is in walking distance of numerous subway and bus lines as well as the Port Authority Ferry Terminal at the World Financial Center . A public grand opening of the new facility took place on September 25 and 26 of 2009 . `` For nearly 25 years Poets House has been an anchor for poets and poetry lovers , '' noted Robin Pogrebin in the New York Times . Poets House is free and open to the public . Library hours are Tuesday-Friday , 11am to 7pm , and Saturdays , 11am to 6pm . The Children 's Room is open 11am to 3pm .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
3fd558f4fa81f05c731813dd32b2e6a2 | Reuters transmits news in Urdu. | [
{
"docid": "bc16aa2818f5fee7e9d27f4be2766f78",
"text": "Reuters Reuters -LSB- ˈrɔɪtərz -RSB- is an international news agency headquartered in London , England . It is a division of Thomson Reuters . Until 2008 , the Reuters news agency formed part of an independent company , Reuters Group plc , which was also a provider of financial market data . Since the acquisition of Reuters Group by the Thomson Corporation in 2008 , the Reuters news agency has been a part of Thomson Reuters , making up the media division . Reuters transmits news in English , French , Arabic , Spanish , German , Italian , Portuguese , Russian , Japanese , Korean , Urdu , and Chinese . It was established in 1851 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "84b1e2ce4557022c336606dcfb4fa489",
"text": "Advance Telecom Advance Telecom is a Pakistan 's largest mobile phone company . The company was created in 2003 , partnering with LG Corporation , at the time a growing brand . It partnered with Siemens Mobile in 2004 and Motorola in 2005 , and finally with Nokia , the largest smartphone brand of the world , in 2006 . It recently partnered with Rivo Mobiles in 2015 . The tagline of the organization is , `` Hum Dosto ko Bholtay Nahin '' which means `` We do not forget friends '' , where they call their customers their friends . They also use the tagline `` Rabtoun Kay Safar Mein Sab Doston Kay Sath Sath '' , meaning `` Standing by all Friends in the Voyage of Connections '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7ebda3dbbd98c712f7588d1e546f77f2",
"text": "Sagarmatha Television (Nepal) Not to be confused with : Sagarmatha Television ( USA ) Sagarmatha Television , is a Nepali Television channel established in July 2007 . It is a News channel and broadcasts in the Nepali language . STV is a leader in live and breaking news telecast and prompt information delivery of current affairs in Nepal . STV uses bureaus in all districts and overseas countries and makes every effort to keep the viewers informing from uniquely different angles . Its headquarters are in Babarmahal , Kathmandu . It has the slogan '' तपाईंको तेश्रो आँखा '' ( Your Third Eye ) , this is the Nepal 's first news channel . This is the only one channel that broadcasts news in more than five ethnic languages ( Tamang , Magar , Gurung , Maitheli and Newar ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b494686b9fffc59754bcf840ae7da29",
"text": "Television Maldives Television Maldives is the public service broadcasting TV channel of the Maldives . It was formed on March 29 , 1978 . In 2009 , the management of Television Maldives ( TVM ) and national radio , Dhivehiraajjeyge Adu -LSB- Voice of Maldives -RSB- was handed over to newly formed Maldives National Broadcasting Corporation ( MNBC ) . Following this , in 2010 , TVM was rebranded as MNBC One , and Dhivehiraajjeyge Adu -LSB- Voice of Maldives -RSB- was renamed as Raajje Radio . Maldives National Broadcasting Corporation ( MNBC ) recently rebranded the name of Television Maldives ( TVM ) to `` MNBC One . '' Under the rebranding process , the company also changed the name of Voice of Maldives ( VOM ) to `` Raajje Radio . '' The move came days after Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) formed under Maldives Broadcasting Corporation Act announced that all the assets , employees , and land used by state media organisations belong to the company and MNBC was using the assets against law . Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) filed a lawsuit in Civil Court against Finance Ministry to procure assets , money , and employees of Television Maldives ( TVM ) and Voice of Maldives ( VOM ) , now rebranded to MNBC One and Raajje Radio . In late 2009 , MNBC launched `` Youth TV '' , a half-day television channel that airs in the evening . This channel is aimed at the teens and youth of the Maldives . The channel is no longer airing . After the resignation of President Mohamed Nasheed , a group of police officers with many from public have taken the MNBC Station on a court order . Soon after VTV feed was aired on the frequency . Later that day the Channel was renamed to TVM , although the radio channel kept the Raajje Radio name . As of 8 February 2012 , the station became a public service broadcaster , under the umbrella of Maldives Broadcasting Corporation ( MBC ) . On 30 March 2015 , a bill was sent to the People 's Majlis to dissolve MBC and establish a new company to run state media , named Public Service Media or PSM for short . One of the purposes of PSM stated in the bill is to develop and sustain under expense of state budget new media , broadcasting devices , print media and all other technologies that provide news , information , awareness and entertainment . And also remaining as national media that is impartial to influence with editorial independence with nationwide coverage under the common regulations and policies within the law . On 28 April 2015 , President Abdulla Yameen Abdul Gayoom ratified the Public Service Media Bill , making PSM the official state media company . Following the ratification , seven individuals were nominated to the Public Service Media Governing Board by the president on 29 April 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81e9aa3e27a90adf9865b7b304129786",
"text": "Such TV SUCH TV is a television network based in Pakistan . SUCH TV is Pakistan 's News & Current Affairs TV channel . with an aim of bringing unbiased and factual inform . SUCH TV had started broadcasting on 23 March 2010 . Such TV will display broadcast to the public , keeping in view its principles and conducts of electronic media .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca386aed322cb37c55483f5227cd34e9",
"text": "Bhutan News Service Bhutan News Service , abbreviated as BNS , is the first news agency of Bhutan . It is run as an independent news agency by Bhutanese refugee journalists since 2004 from Kathmandu , the capital city of Nepal . This is , probably , first of its kind considering a very few refugee media or journalism in exile . The agency is solely operated by refugees who are mostly born or brought up in refugee camps and without previous media experiences . When over 100,000 of Bhutanese refugees started taking shelter in UN-administered refugee camps of Jhapa and Morang districts in eastern part of Nepal , there was a need of a vocal media in the refugee community . Several attempts were made by persons of various backgrounds to keep the journalism works going . However , survival of those media was not easy due to lack of funding , and they died one after the other . The Bhutan News Service was founded in 2004 by a small group of Bhutanese refugee youths , who during the time believed that journalism was a noble means to keep community informed and continue advocating the refugee issue . Most of the exiled publications were shut down , in particular following crunch financial assistance and or due to lack of human resources to continue volunteering without anything in return . Therefore , the news service emerged in as an alternative means to replace most of those publications , if not all . Initially , the works were limited to simply blogging . From 2006 , BNS went online through its own news portal . ″ APFA initiated a joint effort for press freedom and called on two other media organizations working for press freedom in Bhutan and operating in exile . Thus a conference was held in eastern Nepal making a historic declaration vowing to expedite fight for press freedom . The first media conference adopted `` Declaration Dé Exile '' . The declaration also accepted the APFA proposal to accept Bhutan News Service as the common and first news agency of Bhutan , but operating from exile . ″ Currently , around two dozens of reporters and over half a dozen of editors from various countries contribute for the news service on voluntary basis . The news agency has not been legally registered since Nepalese laws do not entertain registration of any entity owned and run by foreign nationals in Nepalese soil . ″ Unfortunately , we are not a registered entity yet . While most of our members were based in the capital city of Nepal for years , we made several attempts to get it registered in Nepal , but to no avail . We are , however , in the course of getting it registered preferably in USA since most of our members are based there and a vast majority of the Bhutanese have gotten resettled in the same place . ″",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "960e6288a515270f8013d5f472d0dc80",
"text": "Khabar Agency The Khabar Agency is a major media outlet in Kazakhstan . It was established in 1995 , known originally as the National Television News Agency . It is currently one of the largest networks in the country , and broadcasts daily in Russian and Kazakh . Additionally , Khabar runs the satellite channel Kazakh TV , which is potentially available across Europe and Asia . It features programming in Russian , Kazakh , and English . Khabar annually hosts the Eurasian Media Forum , which attempts to bring together journalists and political figures to `` facilitate the professional development of the Eurasian media and promote international public understanding of Eurasian issues '' . Since 1 January 2016 Khabar has been an associate member of the EBU .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4780838787fbb34a45b64ae0b85aa227",
"text": "Emirates News Agency Emirates News Agency ( -LSB- وكالة أنباء الامارات , Wakalat Anba'a al Emarat -RSB- ) , also known as WAM , is the official news agency of the United Arab Emirates .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7e1536382118563501da54efa494b46d",
"text": "Independent Media Corporation The Independent Media Corporation is one of Pakistan 's largest media conglomerates . It started with the publications of the Jang Group of Newspapers and later added the Geo Network to its offerings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6dca86b22222a31994c4ad5b60853a76",
"text": "Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority The Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority پاکستان نيؤكلر ريگيلرٹوى اثھارٹى ; Acronym : PNRA ) , is mandated by Government of Pakistan to regulate use of nuclear energy , radioactive sources and use of ionizing radiations . The mission of PNRA is to protect the public , radiation workers and environment from harmful effects of ionizing radiations by formulating and implementing effective regulations and building a relationship of trust with the licensees and maintain transparency in its actions and decisions . Although , the concept of nuclear regulatory existed in 1965 but it gained full government commission in 2001 , with the establishment Nuclear Command Authority . Headquartered in Islamabad , this agency was established in 2001 after President Justice ( retired ) Rafiq Tarar signed the executive decree `` Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority Ordinance No.III '' in 2000 , and was first opened its operation in 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "252204eb340b1e966e3604f3a0b81659",
"text": "Vital Signs (band) Vital Signs were a Pakistan pop and rock band formed in Rawalpindi in 1986 . Since their formation , they became Pakistan 's first and most commercially successful as well as critically acclaimed act . The band 's popular lineup consisted of keyboardist Rohail Hyatt , bassist Shahzad Hasan , guitarist Nusrat Hussain and vocalist Junaid Jamshed . Rooted in Rawalpindi with some influence from Western music during the conservative regime of President Zia-ul-Haq , the Vital Signs utilizes several genres , ranging from pop music to rock , and often incorporating classical and other elements in innovative ways . In the early 1990s , they came to be perceived by many Pakistani fans and country 's cultural observers as a `` promising new era of cultural revival '' . Their enormous popularity significantly opened a new wave of music and a modern chapter in the history of Pakistan . The band built its reputation playing in university campuses and underground rock music concerts held in different parts of the country , before being noticed by PTV performing art section director Shoaib Mansoor . The band initially gained national prominence and popularity from their music video of their single `` Dil Dil Pakistan '' first aired on PTV . Written by Shaoib Mansoor , the song became a big commercial hit and critically acclaimed in the public ; it was voted , in an unscientific poll as the third most popular song of all time by BBC World . By the early 1990s , the band members had become public celebrities and international stars in the midst of the 1990s . From the 1980s to the 1990s , they produced many of their highly successful and critically praised albums , what many cultural critics consider their finest material including the innovative and widely influential albums , Vital Signs 1 ( 1989 ) , Vital Signs 2 ( 1991 ) , Aitebar ( 1993 ) and Hum Tum ( 1995 ) . The success of their second album marked the international prominence of the band , first traveling to the United States to perform , becoming the first Pakistani music act to go abroad on a tour . After the disintegrating and fading of the band in 1998 , they each enjoyed successful musical careers . Leading singer Junaid Jamshed went on to pursue a career as a solo singer and as an Islamic televangelist , Shahzad Hasan concentrated on his work as a music producer and Rohail Hyatt formed a production company . The Vital Signs is considered one of the most successful bands in Pakistan , having influenced many of the pop , rock , and heavy metal musical groups originating from Pakistan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81716b913194ebdaac4a87445d118aaf",
"text": "Televisión Española Televisión Española ( acronym TVE , on lowercase letters : tve , in English `` Spanish Television '' ) is the national state-owned public-service television broadcaster in Spain . TVE belongs to the RTVE Corporation which has overall responsibility for national public-service radio and television under a Parliament-appointed General Manager who , as well as being answerable to a Board of Directors , reports to an all-party committee of the national parliament , as provided for in the Public Radio and Television Law of 2006 . TVE 's activities were previously financed by a combination of advertising revenue and subsidies from the national government , but since it has been supported by subsidies only .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f2437bc09ff8f3f972b7b9e693343d4",
"text": "Hindustani grammar Hindustani is the lingua franca of northern India and Pakistan , and its two standardised registers , Hindi and Urdu , are official languages of India and Pakistan respectively . Grammatical differences between the two standards are minimal but each uses its own script : Hindi uses Devanagari while Urdu uses an extended form of the Perso-Arabic script , typically in the Nastaʿlīq style . On this grammar page Hindustani is written in `` standard orientalist '' transcription as outlined in . Being `` primarily a system of transliteration from the Indian scripts , -LSB- and -RSB- based in turn upon Sanskrit '' ( cf. IAST ) , these are its salient features : subscript dots for retroflex consonants ; macrons for etymologically , contrastively long vowels ; h denoting aspirated plosives . Tildes denote nasalized vowels .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7bbc27ac616a6a5c872488cc6580a0cd",
"text": "Metropolis Daily Metropolis Daily is the Hong Kong edition of Metro ( Metro International ) , which publishes free newspapers around the world with 25 editions in 16 countries in 14 languages . It is the first free newspaper in Hong Kong . The Hong Kong version was first launched on April 15 , 2002 ; it is distributed for free in the racks located in 49 Mass Transit Railway ( MTR ) stations except the Airport Station . According to the Hong Kong Audit Bureau of Circulations in September 2002 , the daily circulation of the newspaper was 302,197 copies , making it the third largest daily newspaper in Hong Kong . The paper is distributed from Monday to Friday ( except for public holidays ) , by hand or from the newspaper stands in 49 MTR stations and 11 other key central locations , such as big shopping malls owned by MTR Corporation Limited like Paradise Mall , Telford Plaza , and Luk Yeung Galleria ( 綠楊坊 Pinyin : lǜ yáng fāng ) . Since it is free of charge and easily accessible , many people like to get one on their way to school or work . The paper attracts a younger generation of readers with a great purchasing power likewise , therefore many advertisers are interested in promoting their products on Metropolis Daily . The operating costs of the paper are mainly covered by the classified advertisements in the newspaper . However , the influence of the paper is not yet significant . Though around one tenth size of other newspapers printing local first-hand news reported by fresh journalists , its main news sources are actually the television , radio news , press releases and wired news . As one Metropolis '' ' reporter said , `` Nobody seems to know that we made an exclusive story . '' The paper is in Chinese in most parts , together with an English international section . According to Metropolis , the paper can be read in a `` 19-minute commute '' as the articles inside are usually short and laconic ; readers can scan through the paper so quickly that they can grab a brief understanding of the news within minutes . Although the paper is a tabloid , i.e. a minute-sized newspaper giving the stories in a condensed form , it includes many sections , which make the paper very rich in contents . These sections include : local news ( including one page written in Simplified Chinese ) ; Chinese news ; international news ; finance ; sports ; entertainment ; side stories ; English news digest ; editorial column ; television program schedule ; and film section . Readers can read the on-line edition of Metropolis all over the world by simply registering as users at its official site , and it is totally free . Besides , there is also a club called `` Club Metro '' '' offering discounts in films , sports and travel to its members . Readers can enjoy these benefits once they have joined the club . There are 700,000 worldwide members in this club .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dc1a9ca86871a84765aaa903ebfa3592",
"text": "Azad News Azad News is an Hindi-language 24/7 News television channel The channel is a free-to-air . The channel is available across all major cable and DTH platforms as well as online .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "00038e71b1430397692acfd19e8391f3",
"text": "Gehwara-e-Adab Gehwara-e-Adab -LSB- Nursery of Literature -RSB- is an International well-known Literary Organization which has worldwide reach and created a history in Urdu Literary world . It was formed to support and promote Urdu Language and its rich literature in the world . Currently it is working in Pakistan , United States and Canada . Gehwara-e-Adab was founded in Karachi on 1989 by a group of students from University of Karachi , with the aim to highlight the feature and importance of Urdu . It has continuously conducted several programs include Urdu Debate Competition , Urdu Speech Competition , Urdu essay competition and Urdu Mushairah ( Poetry recitation ) . Team Gehwara-e-Adab is committed to promote Urdu literature and poetry to enhance Urdu culture .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f9012d7a7e51842538142d24bff1386",
"text": "Awaaz India Tv Awaaz India Tv is an Hindi-language 24/7 news television channel , owned by Awaaz Group Asia Limted .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cfa4972815e8e84c1dea29c8635dce5",
"text": "State emblem of Pakistan The state emblem of Pakistan was adopted in 1954 and symbolizes Pakistan 's ideological foundation , the basis of its economy , its cultural heritage and its guiding principles . The four components of the emblem are a crescent and star crest above a shield , which is surrounded by a wreath , below which is a scroll . The crest and the green colour of the emblem are traditional symbols of Islam . The quartered shield in the centre shows cotton , wheat , tea and jute , which were the major crops of Pakistan at independence and are shown in a form of shield and signify as the main agricultural base for the importance of the Nation 's economy . The floral wreath , surrounding the shield , is Jasminum officinale ( the national flower ) and represents the floral designs used in traditional Mughal art and emphasizes the cultural heritage of Pakistan . The scroll supporting the shield contains the national motto in Urdu , '' '' , which reads from right to left : ( -LSB- ) , translated as `` Faith , Unity , Discipline '' which are intended as the guiding principles for Pakistan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0fea1553e3d5258dca6a82910e7d6c0",
"text": "Theatre of Pakistan This article deals with topics pertaining to theatre of Pakistan . Theatre in Pakistan has been developed and influenced by the traditional Persian theatre as well as from classical Indian dance practices of the Mughal Empire . With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate that began in the 10th and 11th centuries , theatre was discouraged or forbidden entirely . Later , in an attempt to re-assert indigenous values and ideas , village theatre was encouraged across the South Asia , developing in a large number of regional languages from the 15th to the 19th centuries . Modern Urdu theatre developed during the period of colonial rule under the British Empire , from the mid-19th century until the mid-20th . In 1855 , the enactment of the play Inder Sabha ( The Heavenly Court of Indra ) written by Agha Hasan Amanat in the courtyard of the last Nawab of Oudh , Wajid Ali Shah , has been highly regarded as the beginning of Urdu theatre . Pakistan has a growing theatre culture , with English and Urdu theatre being the dominant forms . Today , the major competition with theatre is that represented by growing television industry and the spread of films produced in the Pakistani film industry based in Karachi and Lahore , known as `` Lollywood '' . Lack of finance is another major obstacle .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3b7ba7e64da485f177f44a6918545efc",
"text": "Prime Minister of Pakistan The Prime Minister of Pakistan ( -LSB- -- , -LSB- ʋəˈziːr-ˌeː ˈɑː.zəm -RSB- ; lit . `` Grand Vizier '' ) , is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the `` chief executive of the Republic '' . The Prime Minister leads the executive branch of the government , oversees the economic growth , heads the Council of Common Interests as well as the Cabinet , and is vested with the command authority over the nuclear arsenals . This position places its holder in leadership of the nation and in control over all matters of internal and foreign policy . The incumbent Prime Minister is Nawaz Sharif -- a presiding figure of the conservative Pakistan Muslim League ( N ) . The Prime Minister is elected by the members of the National Assembly and therefore is usually the leader of the majority party in the parliament . The Constitution of Pakistan vests the executive powers in the Prime Minister who is responsible for appointing the Cabinet as well as running the executive branch , taking and authorising executive decisions , appointments and recommendations that require executive confirmation of the Prime Minister . Constitutionally , the Prime Minister serves as the chief adviser to President of Pakistan on critical matters and plays an influential role in appointment in each branch and the military leadership as well as ensuring the control of the military through chairman joint chiefs . Powers of the Prime Minister have significantly grown with a delicate system of the check and balance by each branch . The position was absent during years of 1960 -- 73 and 1977-85 due to imposed martial law . In each of these periods , the military junta led by the President had the powers of the Prime Minister .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "799cede1b3e2f7eab0b81a7754588146",
"text": "Inter-Services Public Relations The Inter-Services Public Relations ( بین الخدماتی تعلقات عامہ Reporting name : ISPR ) , is the media wing of the Pakistan Armed Forces which broadcasts and coordinates military news and information to the country 's civilian media and the civic society . The ISPR directorate serves the purpose of aiming to strengthen public relations with the civic society , through interacting with the media . The directorate also works as the principle voice of the Pakistan 's military , with its director-general serving as the official spokesperson of the armed forces . In addition , the ISPR provides fund , productions , and assists with the military fiction franchise -- both military dramas and the war films .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
44d01e087e59d2388a1ecf79f68fec51 | Kaminey is only a book. | [
{
"docid": "5d57447d6ac7b12947f0318adfa0019c",
"text": "Kaminey Kaminey ( Rascal ) is a 2009 Indian caper thriller film directed by Vishal Bhardwaj and featuring Shahid Kapoor , Priyanka Chopra and Amol Gupte in the lead roles . Set against the backdrop of the Mumbai underworld , Kaminey follows a rivalry between a pair of twins , one with a lisp and the other with a stutter , over the course of a single day . Bhardwaj co-wrote the screenplay with Sabrina Dhawan , Abhishek Chaubey , and Supratik Sen. Bhardwaj bought the original script for from Kenyan writer Cajetan Boywhom he had mentored at a scriptwriting workshop in Uganda . Kaminey was released on 14 August 2009 and became a box-office success worldwide , grossing over against a budget of . The film 's soundtrack album also became a commercial success , with the song `` Dhan Te Nan '' topping the charts on various platforms . Kaminey received widespread critical acclaim , with several critics and media publications placing it at number one on their listings of `` Best film of the year '' . Since its release , the film has attained cult status . It received several awards and nominations at ceremonies across India . At the 55th Filmfare Awards , it received ten nominations , including Best Film , Best Director , Best Actor , Best Actress , and Best Supporting Actor ; it won the award for Best Special Effects . At the 57th National Film Awards , Kaminey won two awards -- Best Audiography for Subash Sahoo and Special Jury Award for its editing by A. Sreekar Prasad .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "4bf06056206e3419db3d1c1b670681d7",
"text": "Literary Encyclopedia Literary Encyclopedia ( Russian : Литературная энциклопедия ) is a 12-volume encyclopedia published in the USSR from 1929 until 1939 . It contains more than 5000 entries with a focus on Russian and Soviet authors , as well as literary schools , trends , directions , and literary concepts . The 10th volume was delayed by Soviet censors in 1937 , rumored to be a result of concerns about the article `` Russian literature '' The series was halted in 1939 after the publication of the 11th volume . The 12 volume was published later based on drafts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2eb09913b1d6c461e5e533363498dfa0",
"text": "Kamikaze (manga) is a manga series written and illustrated by Satoshi Shiki , published in Kodansha 's Afternoon magazine from 1998 to 2003 . A 2-CD audio drama based on the manga was released on December 26 , 2003 . An English translation of all seven volumes of the manga was released by Tokyopop between February 2006 and February 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c034a4745f139c6bea727f1e6a52d7fb",
"text": "Sefer Torah A Sefer Torah ( ; plural : Sifrei Torah ; `` Book ( s ) of Torah '' or `` Torah scroll ( s ) '' ) is a handwritten copy of the Torah , the holiest book in Judaism . It must meet extremely strict standards of production . The Torah scroll is mainly used in the ritual of Torah reading during Jewish prayers . At other times , it is stored in the holiest spot within a synagogue , the Torah ark , which is usually an ornate curtained-off cabinet or section of the synagogue built along the wall that most closely faces Jerusalem , the direction Jews face when praying . The text of the Torah is also commonly printed and bound in book form for non-ritual functions . It is then known as a Chumash ( `` five-part '' , for the five books of Moses ) , and is often accompanied by commentaries or translations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a97498aff4993217055fe65173087529",
"text": "Krytyka Krytyka ( Критика `` Critique '' ) is a Ukrainian intellectual monthly/bi-monthly magazine and publishing house dedicated to in-depth analysis of current affairs , culture and book reviews in Ukraine and the region . Krytyka was founded in 1997 by the Harvard professor of Ukrainian literature George Grabowicz . The magazine is a partner of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute , University of St. Gallen ( Center for Governance and Culture in Europe ) , and an exclusive partner of The New York Review of Books in Ukraine . Krytyka receives support from Western and Ukrainian foundations for its various projects ( National Endowment for Democracy , Robert Bosch Stiftung , Open Society Foundations ) . Krytyka is a member of Eurozine , a network of European cultural magazines , and sees its role in mediating between Ukrainian and global intellectual elites . Since 2014 , it is also available in English .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5560e73448abfc1197090490e05925b8",
"text": "Wladimir Kaminer Wladimir Kaminer ( -LSB- Владимир Викторович Каминер , Vladímir Víktorovich Kamíner -RSB- born 19 July 1967 ) is a Russian-born German short story writer , columnist and disc jockey of Jewish origin . Kaminer was born in Moscow , and after initially training as an audio engineer for theatre and radio , then studied dramaturgy at the Moscow Institute of Theatre . Following the collapse of the Berlin Wall , Kaminer emigrated to Marzahn , Berlin , in 1990 . From the late 1990s onward Kaminer became a prime mover in Berlin 's art and literature scenes , based at the reopened Kaffee Burger club . He holds regular readings at the cafe , and also contributes regularly to various German literary organs . Kaminer also hosts a weekly radio show , called Wladimir 's World , on Rundfunk Berlin-Brandenburg 's ( formerly Sender Freies Berlin ) RADIOmultikulti , a station aimed at immigrants in Germany . Kaminer also regularly DJs at his `` Russendiskos '' , during which he exclusively plays music by Russian bands . These discos originally began at the Kaffee Burger , but now also occasionally tour Germany . Though Russian is his first language , Kaminer 's entire literary output is in German , and sometimes concerns the language contact situation of Russian immigrants to Germany . In 2006 he announced his intention to run for Mayor of Berlin in 2011 . The final chapter of his 2007 book Ich bin kein Berliner was subtitled `` My first speech as mayoral candidate '' ( Meine erste Rede als Bürgermeisterkandidat ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "11707eca4f5ee63a7e61340417e625a1",
"text": "Eugene Onegin Eugene Onegin ( Евге́ний Оне́гин , BGN/PCGN : Yevgeniy Onegin ) is a novel in verse written by Alexander Pushkin . Onegin is considered a classic of Russian literature , and its eponymous protagonist has served as the model for a number of Russian literary heroes ( so-called superfluous men ) . It was published in serial form between 1825 and 1832 . The first complete edition was published in 1833 , and the currently accepted version is based on the 1837 publication . Almost the entire work is made up of 389 stanzas of iambic tetrameter with the unusual rhyme scheme `` AbAbCCddEffEgg '' , where the uppercase letters represent feminine rhymes while the lowercase letters represent masculine rhymes . This form has come to be known as the `` Onegin stanza '' or the `` Pushkin sonnet . '' The innovative rhyme scheme , the natural tone and diction , and the economical transparency of presentation all demonstrate the virtuosity which has been instrumental in proclaiming Pushkin as the undisputed master of Russian poetry . The story is told by a narrator ( a lightly fictionalized version of Pushkin 's public image ) , whose tone is educated , worldly , and intimate . The narrator digresses at times , usually to expand on aspects of this social and intellectual world . This allows for a development of the characters and emphasizes the drama of the plot despite its relative simplicity . The book is admired for the artfulness of its verse narrative as well as for its exploration of life , death , love , ennui , convention and passion .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e948b3d83edf45ec3fbfb250008e3e50",
"text": "Female artist's novel Female artist 's novel is a literary subtype of Kunstlerroman which can be defined as a literary procedure which deals with the main female protagonist 's growing to maturity and gaining experience and independence as an artist , namely a writer . Based on the major assumptions of Kunstlerroman , female artist 's novel works as a portrayal of a woman 's artistic struggle as she acquires artistic freedom and masters the artistic craft of being a writer and gaining literary dexterity . The scope of the genre is deeply rooted in the main assumptions of Kunstlerroman , where the growth of the character is displayed from one 's youth to adulthood and deals with one 's emotional and personal development on the way to artistic fulfillment . As opposed to Kunstlerroman , female artist 's novel focuses only on a female writer , who besides being a capable artist and creator of her own reality , is often to perform many social roles simultaneously ( e.g. the role of a wife , a mother , home guardian , etc. ) to meet expectations the society imposes on her . The genre itself is more gendered due to its focus on a female position .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40c1b961385a493e69fb2d39e3ccba9a",
"text": "Big Read (Hungarian) Big Read is the Hungarian version of the BBC Big Read . The Big Read was imported into Hungary under the name A Nagy Könyv ( lit . `` The Big Book '' ) and took place in 2005 . Around 1400 libraries , 500 book shops and 1300 schools participated in the competition in various ways . It proved to be far more popular in Hungary ( with a population of 10 million ) than in the UK ( with a population of 60 million ) , with 400,000 votes arriving ( as opposed to 140,000 votes in the UK competition in the corresponding period ) . Voting for the top 100 began in late February : one was allowed to vote for any novel published in Hungarian . It ended on April 23 , when the 50 `` foreign '' and 50 Hungarian most popular novels were selected . On June 11 , the top 12 novels were chosen in the framework of a television show presented by cultural celebrities . In the next months , 12 short films were made from these novels and screened in television , which competed with each other in pairs . On December 15 , the population selected their ultimate favourite by SMS and phone . The winning novel , which received the title `` the most liked novel of Hungary 2005 '' , was the same book as the result of the previous round , Eclipse of the Crescent Moon . The other two Hungarian books that participated in the final were The Paul Street Boys and Abigél .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f228be9c3f78aca473cf1cdd026677c",
"text": "We Were There The We Were There books are a series of historical novels written for children . The series consists of 36 titles , first released between 1955 and 1963 by Grosset & Dunlap . Each book in the series is a fictional retelling of an historical event , featuring one or more children as primary characters . The books were written by a number of different authors , each writing from one to seven of the books ; the authors included Benjamin Appel , Jim Kjelgaard , Earl Schenck Miers , William O. Steele , and others . Each book 's byline also lists a separate `` historical consultant , '' who was a specialist in the historic topic covered by that particular book . The historical consultants were typically college professors or , in the case of war-related stories , retired military officers ; among the more noteworthy consultants for the series were the historians Bruce Catton , Walter Prescott Webb and A. B. Guthrie , Jr. . The books are illustrated with black-and-white line art , with color drawings on the dust jacket . The dust jackets of the original printings of the books describe the series as follows : We Were There books are easy to read and provide exciting , entertaining stories , based upon true historic events . Each story is checked for factual accuracy by an outstanding authority on this particular phase of our history . Though written simply enough for young readers , they make interesting reading for boys and girls well into their teens . The original hardbound editions of the books were followed by several other printings , including editions for book clubs and libraries . The books were later reissued with hardbound picture covers ( using the original dust jacket artwork ) , and softcover editions of some books became available in the 1970s . Three of the books are available from Lamppost Publishers and American Home School Publishers . Most of the original books are available in varying used conditions from various sellers through Amazon , although selection will naturally vary at any given time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4082bdfb9f5ef5757fbb08ff9a6ee94",
"text": "Barzakh Editions Barzakh Editions is an independent publishing house in Algeria . It publishes work of a new generation of Algerian writers . Barzakh within islam is the period between someone 's death and his resurrection at the Last Judgment and the stay in the akhirah afterwards . Barzakh was founded by Selma Hellal and Sofiane Hadjadj in the year of 2000 , during the last years of the Algerian Civil War . In these years the conflicts in the country were greatly isolated form the world outside . According to the jury of the Prince Claus Awards in 2010 , the foundation of this publishing house was elemental for opening the door again between Algeria and the rest of the world . Initially it had been the purpose to publish work of writers of Algerian soil only . Hellal and Hadjadj noticed though , that the civil war had caused that a great number of writers had fled abroad . For this reason the focus changed to publish work of authors that lived in exile as well as giving a chance to authors who otherwise probably would n't have had a chance . An important mainspring for the founders was the passion for books and the trust that freedom of thought and of expression are essential for development . Up to 2010 the house had published more than 110 books , varying mainly between novels and poetry . Furthermore , books have been published in areas like philosophy , photography , drama , politics , art , and more . As from the start the house has been dependent from mainly European sponsors , because the circumstances and the nature of the publications caused that the publisher was n't viable on itself . For instance the French embassy in Algiers had mercy on the cost for establishing copyrights for the books . Furthermore , the Swiss government and a number of funds offered financial support to the publisher . In 2010 Barzakh Editions was honored with the Principal Prince Claus Award from the Netherlands . The jury praised it among other things for '' giving concrete form to Algeria 's voices , for opening up a much needed space for critical reflection on Algerian realities , for building a bridge connecting different languages and cultures , and for creatively breaking through the threatening cultural isolation of the country . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0d4b359862450a7cf88cacc628c98e95",
"text": "Bookwriter The bookwriter is the member of a musical 's writing team who creates the book -- the musical 's plot , character development , and dramatic structure . Essentially , the bookwriter is the playwright of the musical . He or she works very closely in collaboration with the lyricist and composer to create an integrated piece of drama . There is a common misconception that the bookwriter merely writes the dialogue ; though the book does include the musical 's spoken text , it is much more than that , defining and organizing the dramatic action of the entire piece , including action that is musicalized by the songwriter ( s ) . Even `` sung-through , '' `` operatic , '' or `` through-composed '' musicals , where there is little , if any , spoken text , require as much contribution from a bookwriter as do musicals with extensive dialogue scenes . The bookwriter is often also the musical 's lyricist , composer , or director . Category : Occupations in music",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a75341e7ee8d4202fa29a62896b7307",
"text": "Chapbook A chapbook is an early type of popular literature printed in early modern Europe . Produced cheaply , chapbooks were commonly small , paper-covered booklets , usually printed on a single sheet folded into books of 8 , 12 , 16 and 24 pages . They were often illustrated with crude woodcuts , which sometimes bore no relation to the text . When illustrations were included in chapbooks , they were considered popular prints . The tradition of chapbooks arose in the 16th century , as soon as printed books became affordable , and rose to its height during the 17th and 18th centuries . Many different kinds of ephemera and popular or folk literature were published as chapbooks , such as almanacs , children 's literature , folk tales , ballads , nursery rhymes , pamphlets , poetry , and political and religious tracts . The term `` chapbook '' for this type of literature was coined in the 19th century . The corresponding French and German terms are bibliothèque bleue ( blue book ) and Volksbuch , respectively . In Spain they were known as pliegos de cordel . The term `` chapbook '' is also in use for present-day publications , commonly short , inexpensive booklets .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "da321c0d37dd34d064a313286ff15be8",
"text": "List of The New York Times Manga Best Sellers The New York Times Best Seller list for manga published in the United States was introduced on March 5 , 2009 , along with two additional lists for hardcover and paperback graphic novels . The three lists are grouped under the `` Graphic Books '' category . Deborah Hoffman , an editor for the Best Seller lists , explained that the term `` Graphic Books '' was selected to create an `` inclusive and expansive '' list which can extend to works of both fiction and non-fiction . Journalist George Gustines announced , in his introduction of the new lists , `` Comics have finally joined the mainstream . '' The announcement was made the week the film Watchmen , based on the comic book of the same name , was released in movie theaters throughout the U.S. . The Best Seller lists are printed weekly in The New York Times Book Review magazine , which is published in the Sunday edition of The New York Times and as a stand-alone publication . Gustines explained the methodology used to determine the rankings : Rankings reflect sales of graphic novels -LSB- ... -RSB- at many thousands of venues where a wide range of books are sold nationwide . These include hundreds of independent book retailers ( statistically weighted to represent all such outlets ) ; national , regional and local chains ; online and multimedia entertainment retailers ; university , gift , supermarket , discount department stores and newsstands . In addition , these rankings also include unit sales reported by retailers nationwide that specialize in graphic novels and comic books . On multiple occasions , manga have been listed outside its designated list . Mike Kiley , then-Senior Vice President of the publisher Tokyopop , explained in 2010 that it has become more difficult to draw a distinguishing line between works that are manga and manga-inspired , such as Korean manhwa and American original English language ( OEL ) manga . A Drifting Life , an autobiographical manga by Yoshihiro Tatsumi , appeared on the May 3 , 2009 , Best Seller list for paperback graphic novels , where it ranked third . X-Men : Misfits , an original English manga based on the X-Men comic book franchise , ranked fifth at its debut on the August 30 , 2009 , paperback graphic novels list , and stayed on the chart for five consecutive weeks . The first volume of a manhwa adaptation of the popular vampire-themed Twilight novels by Stephenie Meyer remained on the hardcover graphic novels Best Seller list for 27 consecutive weeks in 2010 . In January 2017 , the Times decided to stop producing the separate manga best seller list .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d3b1f1c2790d188bd4dcbf906256ec54",
"text": "The Works of Max Beerbohm The Works of Max Beerbohm was the first book published by English caricaturist , essayist and parodist Max Beerbohm . It was published in 1896 when Beerbohm was aged 24 . A collection of Beerbohm 's essays from the 1890s written while he was still a student at Oxford and which had originally been printed in The Yellow Book , The Savoy , The Pageant , The Chap Book , and other notable periodicals , the book was published in London by John Lane at The Bodley Head in 1896 , and launched Beerbohm 's career as an essayist . The book contains Beerbohm 's notorious essay A Defence of Cosmetics , which had appeared in the first number of The Yellow Book in April 1894 , revised and renamed The Pervasion of Rouge . `` Replete with mock-scholarly footnotes and biographical information , The Works epitomizes Beerbohm 's penchant for deflating pretentiousness with satiric imitation , '' wrote Ann Adams Cleary in the Dictionary of Literary Biography . `` Anything large - ideas , ideals , literary works , London crowds - caused him dismay . '' In this , his first book , the 24-year-old Beerbohm announced gravely that he would now retire from letters , having said all there was to say . Of course , he did not . A limited edition of 780 copies , signed and numbered by the author , was issued in 1922 , with 750 being offered for sale , while the remaining 30 were for presentation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "651fb7ee15e1ef1721204b79b0c3b414",
"text": "Deseret Book Deseret Book ( -LSB- dɛz.əˈrɛt . -RSB- ) is the largest Latter-day Saint book publisher and also owns a chain of LDS bookstores in the Western United States . Over 150 people work in its Salt Lake City headquarters . Deseret Book is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation , the holding company for business firms owned by The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ( LDS Church ) . Deseret Book is a for-profit corporation registered in Utah . Deseret Book publishes under four imprints with media ranging from works explaining LDS theology and doctrine , LDS-related fiction , electronic resources , and sound recordings such as Mormon Tabernacle Choir albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "56dc1f02ed74e2c642a155951b2e22fe",
"text": "Kama Kama ( Sanskrit , Pali ; Devanagari : काम ) means `` desire , wish , longing '' in Indian literature . Kama often connotes sexual desire and longing in contemporary literature , but the concept more broadly refers to any desire , wish , passion , longing , pleasure of the senses , the aesthetic enjoyment of life , affection , or love , with or without sexual connotations . Kama is one of the four goals of human life in Hindu traditions . It is considered an essential and healthy goal of human life when pursued without sacrificing the other three goals : Dharma ( virtuous , proper , moral life ) , Artha ( material prosperity , income security , means of life ) and Moksha ( liberation , release , self-actualization ) . Together , these four aims of life are called Puruṣārtha .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47c3f73167a15c98752bb5851561a325",
"text": "Anna Karenina Anna Karenina ( `` Анна Каренина '' -LSB- ˈanːə kɐˈrʲenʲɪnə -RSB- ) is a novel by the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy , published in serial installments from 1873 to 1877 in the periodical The Russian Messenger . Tolstoy clashed with editor Mikhail Katkov over political issues that arose in the final installment ( Tolstoy 's negative views of Russian volunteers going to fight in Serbia ) ; therefore , the novel 's first complete appearance was in book form in 1878 . Widely regarded as a pinnacle in realist fiction , Tolstoy considered Anna Karenina his first true novel , after he came to consider War and Peace to be more than a novel . Fyodor Dostoyevsky declared it `` flawless as a work of art . '' His opinion was shared by Vladimir Nabokov , who especially admired `` the flawless magic of Tolstoy 's style , '' and by William Faulkner , who described the novel as `` the best ever written . '' The novel remains popular , as demonstrated by a 2007 Time poll of 125 contemporary authors in which Anna Karenina was voted the `` greatest book ever written . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2826987e7a4307a3e5c7b80d9070c9dd",
"text": "Shōnen manga is manga aimed at a young male audience . The age group varies with individual readers and different magazines , but it is primarily intended for boys between the ages of 8 to 18 . The kanji characters literally mean `` boy '' ( or `` youth '' ) , and the characters mean `` cartoon '' or `` comic '' . Thus , the complete phrase means `` young person 's comic '' , or simply `` boys ' comic '' ; its female equivalent is shōjo manga . Shōnen manga is the most popular form of manga .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "020cf79591c81be4d9e4ad8a8ba2e308",
"text": "I Lost It at the Movies I Lost It at the Movies ( 1965 ) is Pauline Kael 's first collection of reviews , covering the years 1954 -- 1965 , which was published prior to her long stint at The New Yorker . As a result , the pieces in the book are culled from radio broadcasts that she did while she was at KPFA , as well as numerous periodicals , including Moviegoer , the Massachusetts Review , Sight and Sound , Film Culture , Film Quarterly and Partisan Review . It contains her negative review of the then widely acclaimed West Side Story , glowing reviews of other movies such as The Golden Coach and Seven Samurai , as well as longer polemical essays such as her largely negative critical responses to Siegfried Kracauer 's Theory of Film and Andrew Sarris 's Film Culture essay Notes on the Auteur Theory , 1962 . The book was a bestseller upon its first release , and is now published by Marion Boyars Publishers . Kael 's first book is characterized by an approach where she would often quote contemporary critics such as Bosley Crowther and Dwight Macdonald as a springboard to debunk their assertions while advancing her own ideas . This approach was later abandoned in her subsequent reviews , but is notably referred to in Macdonald 's book , Dwight Macdonald On Movies ( 1969 ) . When an interviewer asked her in later years as to what she had `` lost '' , as indicated in the title , Kael averred : `` There are so many kinds of innocence to be lost at the movies . '' It is the first in a series of titles of books that would have a deliberately erotic connotation , typifying the sensual relation Kael perceived herself as having with the movies , as opposed to the theoretical bent that some among her colleagues had .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9ca477ba907cd572a95c4e2147d42cb4",
"text": "Ancient Egyptian literature Ancient Egyptian literature was written in the Egyptian language from ancient Egypt 's pharaonic period until the end of Roman domination . It represents the oldest corpus of Egyptian literature . Along with Sumerian literature , it is considered the world 's earliest literature . Writing in ancient Egypt -- both hieroglyphic and hieratic -- first appeared in the late 4th millennium BC during the late phase of predynastic Egypt . By the Old Kingdom ( 26th century BC to 22nd century BC ) , literary works included funerary texts , epistles and letters , hymns and poems , and commemorative autobiographical texts recounting the careers of prominent administrative officials . It was not until the early Middle Kingdom ( 21st century BC to 17th century BC ) that a narrative Egyptian literature was created . This was a `` media revolution '' which , according to Richard B. Parkinson , was the result of the rise of an intellectual class of scribes , new cultural sensibilities about individuality , unprecedented levels of literacy , and mainstream access to written materials . However , it is possible that the overall literacy rate was less than one percent of the entire population . The creation of literature was thus an elite exercise , monopolized by a scribal class attached to government offices and the royal court of the ruling pharaoh . However , there is no full consensus among modern scholars concerning the dependence of ancient Egyptian literature on the sociopolitical order of the royal courts . Middle Egyptian , the spoken language of the Middle Kingdom , became a classical language during the New Kingdom ( 16th century BC to 11th century BC ) , when the vernacular language known as Late Egyptian first appeared in writing . Scribes of the New Kingdom canonized and copied many literary texts written in Middle Egyptian , which remained the language used for oral readings of sacred hieroglyphic texts . Some genres of Middle Kingdom literature , such as `` teachings '' and fictional tales , remained popular in the New Kingdom , although the genre of prophetic texts was not revived until the Ptolemaic period ( 4th century BC to 1st century BC ) . Popular tales included the Story of Sinuhe and The Eloquent Peasant , while important teaching texts include the Instructions of Amenemhat and The Loyalist Teaching . By the New Kingdom period , the writing of commemorative graffiti on sacred temple and tomb walls flourished as a unique genre of literature , yet it employed formulaic phrases similar to other genres . The acknowledgment of rightful authorship remained important only in a few genres , while texts of the `` teaching '' genre were pseudonymous and falsely attributed to prominent historical figures . Ancient Egyptian literature has been preserved on a wide variety of media . This includes papyrus scrolls and packets , limestone or ceramic ostraca , wooden writing boards , monumental stone edifices and coffins . Texts preserved and unearthed by modern archaeologists represent a small fraction of ancient Egyptian literary material . The area of the floodplain of the Nile is under-represented because the moist environment is unsuitable for the preservation of papyri and ink inscriptions . On the other hand , hidden caches of literature , buried for thousands of years , have been discovered in settlements on the dry desert margins of Egyptian civilization .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
16c1bc8c4ab1cf2b6896dbc29d75bb9d | Narendra Modi's administration has been considered complicit in the 2002 Gujarat riots. | [
{
"docid": "5ed42ba0bda36b3dbaa7355ee01c772c",
"text": "Narendra Modi Narendra Damodardas Modi ( -LSB- ˈnəɾeːnd̪rə d̪aːmoːd̪əɾˈd̪aːs ˈmoːd̪iː -RSB- , born 17 September 1950 ) is an Indian politician who is the 14th and current Prime Minister of India , in office since May 2014 . He was the Chief Minister of Gujarat from 2001 to 2014 , and is the Member of Parliament for Varanasi . Modi , a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party ( BJP ) , is a Hindu nationalist and member of the right-wing Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh ( RSS ) . Born to a Gujarati family in Vadnagar , Modi helped his father sell tea as a child , and later ran his own stall . He was introduced to the RSS at the age of eight , beginning a long association with the organisation . He left home after graduating from school , partly because of an arranged marriage which he rejected . Modi traveled around India for two years , and visited a number of religious centres . He returned to Gujarat and moved to Ahmedabad in 1969 or 1970 . In 1971 he became a full-time worker for the RSS . During the state of emergency imposed across the country in 1975 , Modi was forced to go into hiding . The RSS assigned him to the BJP in 1985 , and he held several positions within the party hierarchy until 2001 , rising to the rank of general secretary . Modi was appointed Chief Minister of Gujarat in 2001 , due to Keshubhai Patel 's failing health and poor public image following the earthquake in Bhuj . Modi was elected to the legislative assembly soon after . His administration has been considered complicit in the 2002 Gujarat riots , or otherwise criticised for its handling of it , although a court found no evidence to prosecute Modi . His policies as chief minister , credited with encouraging economic growth , have received praise . His administration has been criticised for failing to significantly improve health , poverty , and education indices in the state . Modi led the BJP in the 2014 general election , which gave the party a majority in the Lok Sabha , the first time a single party had achieved this since 1984 . Modi himself was elected to parliament from Varanasi . Since taking office , Modi 's administration has tried to raise foreign direct investment in the Indian economy , increased spending on infrastructure , and reduced spending on healthcare and social welfare programmes . Modi has attempted to improve efficiency in the bureaucracy , and centralised power through the abolition of the planning commission . He has begun a high-profile sanitation campaign , and weakened or abolished environmental and labour laws . Credited with engineering a political realignment towards right-wing politics , Modi remains a figure of controversy domestically and internationally over his Hindu nationalist beliefs and his role during the 2002 Gujarat riots , cited as evidence of an exclusionary social agenda .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "8d49f212bf641ca249745fd8a67ed777",
"text": "R. B. Sreekumar R.B. Sreekumar is a former Gujarat State Director-General of Police . He is known for his alleged false implication of Nambi Narayanan ( who was a scientist in Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre ) and his stand on the 2002 Gujarat violence followed by Godhra train burning against the Government of Gujarat .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f2361a56b29bb87310d113dd02a3243",
"text": "Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002 The Prevention of Terrorism Act , 2002 ( POTA ) was an Act passed by the Parliament of India in 2002 , with the objective of strengthening anti-terrorism operations . The Act was enacted due to several terrorist attacks that were being carried out in India and especially in response to the attack on the Parliament . The Act replaced the Prevention of Terrorism Ordinance ( POTO ) of 2001 and the Terrorist and Disruptive Activities ( Prevention ) Act ( TADA ) ( 1985 -- 95 ) , and was supported by the governing National Democratic Alliance . The Act was repealed in 2004 by the United Progressive Alliance coalition . The bill was defeated in the Rajya Sabha ( the upper house ) by a 113-98 vote , but was passed in a joint session ( 425 Ayes and 296 Nos ) , as the Lok Sabha ( lower house ) has more seats . It was only the third time that a bill was passed by a joint session of both houses of Parliament . The Act defined what constituted a `` terrorist act '' and who a `` terrorist '' was , and granted special powers to the investigating authorities described under the Act . In order to ensure that discretionary powers granted to the investigating agencies were not misused and human rights violations were not committed , specific safeguards were built into the Act .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d8a5cb26f1077d89e239eaa593b9774",
"text": "Pollution of the Ganges Pollution of the Ganges ( or Ganga ) , the largest river in India , poses significant threats to human health and the larger environment . Severely polluted with human waste and industrial contaminants , the river provides water to about 40 % of India 's population across 11 states , serving an estimated population of 500 million people or more , more than any other river in the world . Today , Ganges is considered to be the fifth most polluted river in the world . Raghubir Singh has noted that no one in India spoke of the Ganges as polluted until the late 1970s . However , pollution has been an old and continuous process in the river as by the time people were finally speaking of the Ganges as polluted , stretches of over six hundred kilometers were essentially ecologically dead zones . A number of initiatives have been undertaken to clean the river but failed to deliver desired results . After getting elected , India 's Prime minister Narendra Modi affirmed to work in cleaning the river and controlling pollution . Subsequently , the Namami Ganga project was announced by the government in the July 2014 budget . An estimated Rs 2,958 Crores have been spent till July 2016 in various efforts in cleaning up of the river .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8541fe08f28cab079af69cbc2050b95",
"text": "Karnataka Legislative Assembly The Karnataka Legislative Assembly is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of Karnataka state in southern India . Karnataka is one of the seven states in India , where the state legislature is bicameral , comprising two houses . The two houses are the Vidhana Sabha ( lower house ) and the Vidhana Parishat ( upper house ) . The members of the Vidhana Sabha are directly elected by people through adult franchise . The members of the Vidhana Parishat are elected indirectly by members of local bodies , teachers and graduates . There are 75 members of the Vidhana Parishat . Members of the Vidhana Parishat or Legislative Council normally have a term of six years , and are generally known as MLCs . There are 224 members of the Vidhana Sabha or the Legislative Assembly of Karnataka state . One member is a representative of the Anglo-Indian community nominated by the Governor of Karnataka . The state of Karnataka is divided into 225 constituencies used to elect the Legislative assembly . Each constituency elects one member of the assembly . Members are popularly known as MLAs . The assembly is elected using the simple plurality or `` first past the post '' electoral system . The elections are conducted by the Election Commission of India . The normal term of the members lasts for five years . In case of death , resignation or disqualification of a member , a by-election is conducted for constituency represented by the member . The party which wins the most seats becomes the ruling party . In the 2013 elections , the Indian National Congress ( INC ) won a majority of seats , with 122 out of 224 MLAs . On 10 May 2013 , K. Siddaramaiah was chosen as Chief Minister and CLP leader by the MLAs . He was sworn in on 13 May 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "087b68613d9e97d4cf422516bc99b343",
"text": "Fodder Scam The Fodder Scam ( Hindi : चारा घोटाला , chārā ghoṭālā ) was a corruption scandal that involved the embezzlement of about from the government treasury of the eastern Indian state of Bihar . Among those implicated in the theft and arrested were then Chief Minister of Bihar , Lalu Prasad Yadav , as well as former Chief Minister , Jagannath Mishra . The scandal led to the end of Lalu 's reign as Chief Minister . There is also allegation on Shivanand Tiwari of receiving 1 crore and 60 lakh Rupees respectively from S.N. Sinha . The theft spanned for many years , and allegedly involved numerous Bihar state 's administrative and elected officials across multiple administrations of the Indian National Congress and the Janata Dal parties . The corruption scheme involved the fabrication of `` vast herds of fictitious livestock '' for which fodder , medicines and animal husbandry equipment was supposedly procured . Although the scandal broke in 1996 , the theft had been in progress , and increased in size , for over two decades . Besides the magnitude and duration of the theft , the scam was and continues to be covered in Indian media due to the extensive nexus between tenured bureaucrats , elected politicians and businesspeople that it revealed , and as an example of the mafia raj that has penetrated several state-run economic sectors in the country . As of May 2013 , the trial has completed in 44 cases out of a total of 53 cases . More than 500 accused have been convicted and awarded punishments by various courts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea2d108a9235bed1153a438c5049914b",
"text": "Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks During and immediately after the 2008 Mumbai attacks the news media worldwide broadcast incorrect factual information on a scale often seen in a fog of war . Erroneous reporting on the 2008 Mumbai attacks included false information concerning the number of attackers , their nationality , their organizational affiliations , origins , and the methods of transport they had used . Theories and speculations were openly aired by various commentators that were later proved to be wrong . Many such speculations , such as the involvement in the attacks of the `` Deccan Mujahideen '' , were widely reported by media worldwide . Various news outlets carried opinion pieces and unattributed theories about the origins of the attackers which were unfounded .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "34ead17fa6cdd63579221de02a8d613f",
"text": "Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election, 2002 Elections for the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir were held in September - October 2002 in four phases . Mufti Mohammad Sayeed became Chief Minister of Jammu Kashmir after the elections . In 2005 under a coalition agreement INC 's Ghulam Nabi Azad became Chief Minister . He was the first Indian National Congress party Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir . In reaction terrorist group Jaish-e-Mohammad had conducted a suicide car bomb attack in Srinagar killing six people just hours before Azad 's swearing-in . Panthers Party formed part of the ruling coalition with Harsh Dev Singh becoming the party 's first cabinet minister . Electronic Voting Machines were used for first time in Jammu Kashmir assembly elections in 2002 . The international community also appreciated the credibility of the elections and the results that followed it . The elections was seen as a victory of the ballot over the bullet . United States lauded 2002 elections of the state . There were 1.7 million voters in the state for 2002 elections .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "779eef9402898ef0a70dc47310f61fec",
"text": "Shiv Sena Shiv Sena ( IAST : Śiva Sēnā ) ( translation ; Army of Shivaji ) , also known by the name Sena , is an Indian far-right regional political party . Its ideology is based on pro-Marathi ideology and Hindu nationalism ( Hindutva ) , founded on 19 June 1966 by political cartoonist Bal Thackeray . The party originally emerged from a movement in Mumbai demanding preferential treatment for Maharashtrians over migrants to the city . It is currently headed by Thackeray 's son , Uddhav Thackeray . Members of Shiv Sena are referred to as Shivsainiks . Although the party 's primary base is still in Maharashtra , it has tried to expand to a pan-Indian base . In the 1970s , it gradually moved from advocating a pro-Marathi ideology to one supporting a broader Hindu nationalist agenda , as it aligned itself with the Bharatiya Janata Party . The party started taking part in Mumbai ( BMC ) Municipal elections since its inception . In 1989 , it entered an alliance with BJP for Lok Sabha as well as Maharashtra assembly elections , the latter of which was temporarily broken in October 2014 Assembly elections but it was undone soon and Shiv Sena became part of the BJP government in Maharashtra in December 2014 . It has been a coalition partner in the National Democratic Alliance since 1998 , including the Vajpayee Government during 1998 -- 2004 and the present Narendra Modi Government . It has been referred to as an `` extremist '' , `` chauvinist '' , as well as a `` fascist party '' . Shiv Sena founder , Bal Thackeray , has taken comparisons with fascism as compliments as well as openly stated that he didnt believe in democracy . Shiv Sena and its supporters have been known to resort to violence with impunity . Shiv Sena has been blamed for the 1970 communal violence in Bhiwandi , the 1984 Bhiwandi riot and violence in the 1992-1993 Bombay riots.Other acts of violence attributed to Shivsainiks are the death of two persons , including a six month old baby , when Shivsainiks set fire to the Sunitidevi Singhania Hospital in Thane following the death of a Shiv Sena leader Anand Dighe . 80 % of Shiv Sena MPs in the 15th Lok Sabha face criminal charges . Dean Nelson of The Telegraph , while reporting on the removal of Rohinton Mistry 's novel , Such a Long Journey , from the Mumbai University 's literature syllabus following threats from Shiv Sena also noted that the party has a powerful hold over the Bollywood film industry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "521dc9c6453bb111297db5f9f50c6797",
"text": "Abdul Nazer Mahdani Abdul Nasser Mahdani also known as Abdul Nasser Maudani or simply Madani or Maudany ( Sasthamkotta , Kerala ) is a Muslim political activist from Kerala , India . Madani is suspected to have organized terrorist activities and maintains links with terrorist organizations including Lashkar-e-Toiba . Following the Babri Masjid demolition in 1992 , he launched the Peoples Democratic Party ( PDP ) , with the stated objective of creating a `` Muslim-Dalit-backward caste '' alliance under the slogan of `` Power to Avarnas and Liberation to The Oppressed '' . In 1992 , Mahdani became the target of an assassination attempt by a Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh activist , in which he lost his right leg and is fitted with a prosthetic limb . Mahdani is considered to have become the rallying point in Kerala politics . Mahdani was alleged of having involvement in 1998 Coimbatore bombings but acquitted of all charges after spending nine and half years in Coimbatore Central Prison . Later he is alleged of having involvement in 2008 Bangalore serial blast . He is under judicial custody in relation with the 2008 Bangalore serial blasts . But his involvement is unproven He is not found guilty in any of the cases so far and still behind bars as an undertrial even after 15 years of imprisonment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3f74810d1a20957bb0cbddea304d568",
"text": "India Against Corruption India Against Corruption ( IAC ) is an anti-corruption movement in India which was particularly prominent during the anti-corruption protests of 2011 and 2012 , concerned with the introduction of the Jan Lokpal bill . It primarily sought to mobilise the masses in support of their demands . Divisions amongst key members of the IAC 's core committee eventually led to a split within the movement - Arvind Kejriwal left to form the Aam Aadmi Party , while Anna Hazare left to form Jantantra Morcha .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43ad338e30b5249a665d2bd80cfd58d8",
"text": "Illegal sand mining in Madhya Pradesh Illegal sand mining in Madhya Pradesh is a serious law & order and environmental issue . It is a flourishing unlawful practice because of the nexus between mining mafia and politicians . The illegal miners pay a hefty amount to politicians during elections . Many people , including police officers and activists , have lost their lives while trying to check it . In February 2017 , it became a major political issue when the company of nephew of Chief Minister Shivraj Singh Chouhan was caught in illegal mining . The state government landed in an embarrassing situation because at the same time Chief Minister was touring Naramda to assess the condition of the riverbed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a1eba0cc0f2b5bbdc2416cac58c4080",
"text": "Kashmir conflict The Kashmir conflict is a territorial conflict primarily between India and Pakistan , having started just after the partition of India in 1947 . China has at times played a minor role . India and Pakistan have fought three wars over Kashmir , including the Indo-Pakistani Wars of 1947 and 1965 , as well as the Kargil War of 1999 . The two countries have also been involved in several skirmishes over control of the Siachen Glacier . India claims the entire state of Jammu and Kashmir , and , , administers approximately 43 % of the region . It controls Jammu , the Kashmir Valley , Ladakh , and the Siachen Glacier . India 's claims are contested by Pakistan , which administers approximately 37 % of Jammu and Kashmir , namely Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan . China currently administers Demchok district , the Shaksgam Valley , and the Aksai Chin region . China 's claim over these territories has been disputed by India since China took Aksai Chin during the Sino-Indian War of 1962 . The present conflict is in Kashmir Valley . The root of conflict between the Kashmiri insurgents and the Indian government is tied to a dispute over local autonomy and based on the demand for self-determination . Democratic development was limited in Kashmir until the late 1970s , and by 1988 , many of the democratic reforms introduced by the Indian Government had been reversed . Non-violent channels for expressing discontent were thereafter limited and caused a dramatic increase in support for insurgents advocating violent secession from India . In 1987 , a disputed state election created a catalyst for the insurgency when it resulted in some of the state 's legislative assembly members forming armed insurgent groups . In July 1988 a series of demonstrations , strikes and attacks on the Indian Government began the Kashmir Insurgency . Although thousands of people have died as a result of the turmoil in Jammu and Kashmir , the conflict has become less deadly in recent years . Protest movements created to voice Kashmir 's disputes and grievances with the Indian government , specifically the Indian Military , have been active in Jammu and Kashmir since 1989 . Elections held in 2008 were generally regarded as fair by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees and had a high voter turnout in spite of calls by separatist militants for a boycott . The election resulted in the creation of the pro-India Jammu and Kashmir National Conference , which then formed a government in the state . According to Voice of America , many analysts have interpreted the high voter turnout in this election as a sign that the people of Kashmir endorsed Indian rule in the state . But in 2010 unrest erupted after alleged fake encounter of local youth with security force . Thousands of youths pelted security forces with rocks , burned government offices and attacked railway stations and official vehicles in steadily intensifying violence . The Indian government blamed separatists and Lashkar-e-Taiba , a Pakistan-based militant group for stoking the 2010 protests . Elections held in 2014 saw highest voters turnout in 26 years of history in Jammu and Kashmir . However , analysts explain that the high voter turnout in Kashmir is not an endorsement of Indian rule by the Kashmiri population , rather most people vote for daily issues such as food and electricity . An opinion poll conducted by the Chatham House international affairs think tank found that in the Kashmir valley -- the mainly Muslim area in Indian Kashmir at the centre of the insurgency -- support for independence varies between 74 % to 95 % in its various districts . Support for remaining with India was , however , extremely high in predominantly Hindu Jammu and Buddhist Ladakh . Indian forces have committed many human rights abuses and acts of terror against Kashmiri civilian population including extrajudicial killing , rape , torture and enforced disappearances . Crimes by militants have also happened but are not comparable in scale with the crimes of Indian forces . According to Amnesty International , as of June 2015 , no member of the Indian military deployed in Jammu and Kashmir has been tried for human rights violations in a civilian court , although there have been military court martials held . Amnesty International welcomed this move but cautioned that justice should be consistently delivered and prosecutions of security forces personnel be held in civilian courts . Amnesty International has also accused the Indian government of refusing to prosecute perpetrators of abuses in the region . Kashmir 's accession to India was provisional , and conditional on a plebiscite , and for this reason had a different constitutional status to other Indian states . In October 2015 Jammu and Kashmir High Court said that article 370 is `` permanent '' and Jammu and Kashmir did not merge with India the way other princely states merged but retained special status and limited sovereignty under Indian constitution . In 2016 ( 8 July 2016 -- present ) unrest erupted after killing of a Hizbul Mujahideen militant Burhan Wani by Indian security forces .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "399c0511c001acd9e083df5aa9abc4c8",
"text": "Social movement in India From the early 1970s new forms of social mobilisation began in India . They gained a variety of names such as social movement , people 's movement , popular movements etc. . These movements emerged and highlighted some of the major issues such as gender and environment . One of the leading analyst and participant in social movements in India , Sanjay Sangvi , identified the major agendas of them as `` Movements of landless , unorganised labour in rural and urban areas , adivasis , dalits , displaced people , peasants , urban poor , small entrepreneurs and unemployed youth took up the issues of livelihood , opportunities , dignity and development . '' Most well known movements in the country are Chipko movement , Save Silent Valley , Narmada Bachao Andolan , Koel Karo , Chhattisgarh Mukti Morcha , Jhola Aandolan chutmarika ( fighting polythene ) , Appiko movement , Save Kudremukh , Lok Satta Movement , Swadhyay Movement , Swatantra Sharad Joshi , Karnataka Rajya Raitha Sangha These movements largely distanced themselves from political parties , or tried to cut across the ideologies of the political parties . Yet many of them rooted themselves or drew from ideologies of the Mahatma Gandhi , various shades environmentalisms or gender politics , or socialism . The most recent of social movements is ` Campaign against corruption ' , April 2011 , led by a group of social activists - Anna Hazare , Arvind Kejriwal , Kiran Bedi , a Gandhian sits on , Sri Ram Burgula the heart of New Delhi , capital of India , for fast unto death , demanding enactment of the long pending Jan Lokpal Bill . This movement got support of general masses and media . This created a buzz when political leaders were denied sharing of dias with the social activists . This movement is a landmark in the constitutional history of independent India , which has forced government to include 5 non-official members in the Sri Ram Burgula Bill Drafting committee . Usually , only ministers are members of any legislation drafting committees . While enactment of the law and action by Sri Ram Burgula and Sri Ram Burgula ( ombudsmen ) will take some more time to be on actual ground , this movement has certainly made corruption a major social issue in India . Some of the popular leaders of such movements are Sunderlal Bahuguna , Medha Patkar , Baba Amte , Vandana Shiva , Vijaypal Baghel , etc. .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac126cf20049e188f5b14a4c18d69439",
"text": "2009 Gujarat hepatitis outbreak The 2009 Gujarat hepatitis B outbreak was a cluster of hepatitis B cases that appeared in Modasa , northern Gujarat , India in 2009 . Over 125 people were infected and up to 49 people died . Several doctors were investigated and arrested after the outbreaks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "555ff67d8b6401067579dc66dce8bf9f",
"text": "Government of India The Government of India ( GoI ) is the federal government created by the Constitution of India as the legislative , executive and judicial authority of the union of 29 states and seven union territories of a constitutionally sovereign , socialist , secular , democratic republic , constitutionally called the Republic of India . It is located in New Delhi , the capital of India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "89afb571c3956b255222092e5c997d92",
"text": "Disqualification of convicted representatives in India On 10 July 2013 , the Supreme Court of India , in its judgement of the Lily Thomas v. Union of India case ( along with Lok Prahari v. Union of India ) , ruled that any Member of Parliament ( MP ) , Member of the Legislative Assembly ( MLA ) or Member of a Legislative Council ( MLC ) who is convicted of a crime and awarded a minimum of two year imprisonment , loses membership of the House with immediate effect . This is in contrast to the earlier position , wherein convicted members held on to their seats until they exhausted all judicial remedy in lower , state and supreme court of India . Further , Section 8 ( 4 ) of the Representation of the People Act , which allowed elected representatives three months to appeal their conviction , was declared unconstitutional by the bench of Justice A. K. Patnaik and Justice S. J. Mukhopadhaya . In an attempt to overturn this decision , the Representation of the People ( Second Amendment and Validation ) Bill , 2013 , was introduced into the Rajya Sabha on 30 August by Law Minister Kapil Sibal ; by the proposed amendment , representatives would not be disqualified immediately after conviction . The Indian government also filed a review petition , which the Supreme Court dismissed . On 24 September , a few days before the fodder scam verdict , the government tried to bring the bill into effect as an ordinance . However , Rahul Gandhi , Vice-President of the Indian National Congress , made his opinion of the ordinance clear in a press meeting : `` It 's complete nonsense . It should be torn up and thrown away . '' Members of opposition parties claimed that Gandhi 's comments indicated total confusion within the government , and called for the resignation of Prime Minister Manmohan Singh . Within 5 days , both the ordinance and the bill were withdrawn on 2 October . On 1 October 2013 , Rasheed Masood became the first MP to lose his membership of parliament under the new guidelines , when he was sentenced to four years imprisonment for cheating , forgery and corruption .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "28f22aff02e1ea3f8e91a87b7358576c",
"text": "Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi The Deputy Chief Minister of Delhi is the deputy chief executive of the National Capital Territory of Delhi in north India . According to the Constitution of India , the lieutenant governor is Delhi 's de jure head , but de facto executive authority rests with its chief minister . Following elections to the Delhi Legislative Assembly , the lieutenant governor usually invites the party with a majority of seats to form the government . The President of India , on the advice of the lieutenant governor , appoints the chief minister , whose council of ministers are collectively responsible to the assembly .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1313f09f907d377ccc30a91d46aaeb8f",
"text": "Prime Minister of India The Prime Minister of India ( Hindi : भारत के प्रधानमन्त्री , Bhārat kē Pradhānamantrī ) is the head of government and leader of the executive branch of the Government of India . The Prime Minister is also the chief adviser to the President of India and head of the Council of Ministers . They can be a member of any of the two houses of Parliament ( the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha ) , but has to be the leader of the political party , having a majority in the Lok Sabha . The Prime Minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system . The Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet ; allocates posts to members within the Government ; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet . The federal or union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive . Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per Article 75 ( 3 ) . The Prime Minister shall always enjoy the confidence of Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the President .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "763732c7463234a9c296bba314ecf8e4",
"text": "Great Depression in India The Great Depression of 1929 had a very severe impact on India , which was then under the rule of the British Raj . The Government of British India adopted a protective trade policy which , though beneficial to the United Kingdom , caused great damage to the Indian economy . During the period 1929 -- 1937 , exports and imports fell drastically crippling seaborne international trade . The railways and the agricultural sector were the most affected . The international financial crisis combined with detrimental policies adopted by the Government of India resulted in soaring prices of commodities . High prices along with the stringent taxes prevalent in British India had a dreadful impact on most Indians . The discontent of farmers manifested itself in rebellions and riots . The Salt Satyagraha of 1930 was one of the measures undertaken as a response to heavy taxation during the Great Depression . The Great Depression and the economic policies of the Government of British India worsened already deteriorating Indo-British relations . When the first general elections were held according to the Government of India Act 1935 , anti-British feelings resulted in the pro-independence Indian National Congress winning in most provinces with a very high percentage of the vote share .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7132359226210b3d3ca9743bee2d902",
"text": "SNC-Lavalin Kerala hydroelectric scandal The SNC-Lavalin Kerala hydroelectric scandal is financial scandal related to a hydroelectric infrastructure contract between the Indian government and Canadian company SNC-Lavalin in 1995 which resulted in an alleged net loss to the Indian exchequer of 3745.0 million rupees ( Approx US $ 62 million as of August 2014 ) . The contract outlined the renovation and modernization of the hydroelectric power stations at Pallivasal , Sengulam , and Panniar that were originally installed between 1940 and 1964 in the Idukki district of Kerala , India . Several politicians were involved and eventually charged in the case , including former ministers of Indian National Congress G. Karthikeyan and Pinarayi Vijayan , the first ever corruption-related prosecution of a Politburo member by the Communist Party of India ( Marxist ) . However , on 5 November 2013 , Pinarayi Vijayan and 6 other accused were cleared of charges by a Central Bureau of Investigation ( CBI ) Special Court because `` the CBI could not prove any of its charges . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
a1b23c0c5caafdadea24edc71b581dad | James Bond is based on a character from a book series. | [
{
"docid": "cfae8afd87d14d8e747780fcbc33c8bc",
"text": "Trigger Mortis Trigger Mortis is a 2015 James Bond novel written by Anthony Horowitz , and the latest Bond novel to be commissioned by the estate of Bond 's creator Ian Fleming , which was published on 8 September 2015 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62a76004cc7c2110bf799438186bc5b9",
"text": "James Bond The James Bond series focuses on a fictional British Secret Service agent created in 1953 by writer Ian Fleming , who featured him in twelve novels and two short-story collections . Since Fleming 's death in 1964 , eight other authors have written authorised Bond novels or novelizations : Kingsley Amis , Christopher Wood , John Gardner , Raymond Benson , Sebastian Faulks , Jeffery Deaver , William Boyd and Anthony Horowitz . The latest novel is Trigger Mortis by Anthony Horowitz , published in September 2015 . Additionally Charlie Higson wrote a series on a young James Bond , and Kate Westbrook wrote three novels based on the diaries of a recurring series character , Moneypenny . The character has also been adapted for television , radio , comic strip , video games and film . The films are the longest continually running film series of all time and have grossed over $ 7.040 billion in total , making it the fourth-highest-grossing film series to date , which started in 1962 with Dr. No , starring Sean Connery as Bond . As of , there have been twenty-four films in the Eon Productions series . The most recent Bond film , Spectre ( 2015 ) , stars Daniel Craig in his fourth portrayal of Bond ; he is the sixth actor to play Bond in the Eon series . There have also been two independent productions of Bond films : Casino Royale ( a 1967 spoof ) and Never Say Never Again ( a 1983 remake of an earlier Eon-produced film , Thunderball ) . In 2015 , the franchise was estimated to be worth $ 19.9 billion , making James Bond one of the highest-grossing media franchises of all time . The Bond films are renowned for a number of features , including the musical accompaniment , with the theme songs having received Academy Award nominations on several occasions , and two wins . Other important elements which run through most of the films include Bond 's cars , his guns , and the gadgets with which he is supplied by Q Branch . The films are also noted for Bond 's relationships with various women , who are sometimes referred to as `` Bond girls '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bc483754e12df97b883ec7126c8581e6",
"text": "Ian Fleming Ian Lancaster Fleming ( 28 May 1908 -- 12 August 1964 ) was an English author , journalist and naval intelligence officer who is best known for his James Bond series of spy novels . Fleming came from a wealthy family connected to the merchant bank Robert Fleming & Co. , and his father was the Member of Parliament for Henley from 1910 until his death on the Western Front in 1917 . Educated at Eton , Sandhurst and , briefly , the universities of Munich and Geneva , Fleming moved through several jobs before he started writing . While working for Britain 's Naval Intelligence Division during the Second World War , Fleming was involved in planning Operation Goldeneye and in the planning and oversight of two intelligence units , 30 Assault Unit and T-Force . His wartime service and his career as a journalist provided much of the background , detail and depth of the James Bond novels . Fleming wrote his first Bond novel , Casino Royale , in 1952 . It was a success , with three print runs being commissioned to cope with the demand . Eleven Bond novels and two collections of short-stories followed between 1953 and 1966 . The novels revolved around James Bond , an officer in the Secret Intelligence Service , commonly known as MI6 . Bond was also known by his code number , 007 , and was a commander in the Royal Naval Reserve . The Bond stories rank among the best-selling series of fictional books of all time , having sold over 100 million copies worldwide . Fleming also wrote the children 's story Chitty-Chitty-Bang-Bang and two works of non-fiction . In 2008 , The Times ranked Fleming 14th on its list of `` The 50 greatest British writers since 1945 '' . Fleming was married to Ann Charteris , who was divorced from the second Viscount Rothermere owing to her affair with the author . Fleming and Charteris had a son , Caspar . Fleming was a heavy smoker and drinker for most of his life and succumbed to heart disease in 1964 at the age of 56 . Two of his James Bond books were published posthumously ; other writers have since produced Bond novels . Fleming 's creation has appeared in film twenty-six times , portrayed by seven actors .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5a7c8c432cc13bafc037bf00b772b3ef",
"text": "Shoot to Kill (Cole novel) Shoot to Kill is a novel written by Steve Cole , the first continuation entry in the Young Bond series . Cole took over from Charlie Higson who left the series in 2009 after his final instalment A Hard Man to Kill . Shoot to Kill features Ian Fleming 's spy , James Bond in his teenage years , finding himself troubled in the outskirts of Los Angeles , having recently been expelled from Eton . It was followed Heads You Die in May 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c29cc04a2729bf60b2f03a251f338011",
"text": "Johnny English Johnny English is a 2003 British spy comedy film parodying the James Bond secret agent genre infused with comedy similar to Atkinson 's Mr. Bean character . The film stars Rowan Atkinson , Natalie Imbruglia , Ben Miller and John Malkovich . The screenplay was written by Bond writers Neal Purvis and Robert Wade , with William Davies , and the film was directed by Peter Howitt . The film grossed a total of $ 160 million worldwide . The film was followed by a sequel , 2011 's Johnny English Reborn . The film was released in the United Kingdom on April 11 , 2003 , and topped the country 's box office for the next three weekends , before being overtaken by X2 . A second sequel is in pre-production and will release in October 2018 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f228be9c3f78aca473cf1cdd026677c",
"text": "We Were There The We Were There books are a series of historical novels written for children . The series consists of 36 titles , first released between 1955 and 1963 by Grosset & Dunlap . Each book in the series is a fictional retelling of an historical event , featuring one or more children as primary characters . The books were written by a number of different authors , each writing from one to seven of the books ; the authors included Benjamin Appel , Jim Kjelgaard , Earl Schenck Miers , William O. Steele , and others . Each book 's byline also lists a separate `` historical consultant , '' who was a specialist in the historic topic covered by that particular book . The historical consultants were typically college professors or , in the case of war-related stories , retired military officers ; among the more noteworthy consultants for the series were the historians Bruce Catton , Walter Prescott Webb and A. B. Guthrie , Jr. . The books are illustrated with black-and-white line art , with color drawings on the dust jacket . The dust jackets of the original printings of the books describe the series as follows : We Were There books are easy to read and provide exciting , entertaining stories , based upon true historic events . Each story is checked for factual accuracy by an outstanding authority on this particular phase of our history . Though written simply enough for young readers , they make interesting reading for boys and girls well into their teens . The original hardbound editions of the books were followed by several other printings , including editions for book clubs and libraries . The books were later reissued with hardbound picture covers ( using the original dust jacket artwork ) , and softcover editions of some books became available in the 1970s . Three of the books are available from Lamppost Publishers and American Home School Publishers . Most of the original books are available in varying used conditions from various sellers through Amazon , although selection will naturally vary at any given time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5193f7d8218e89c4c84ce83ca3182e8b",
"text": "The Link (UK organization) The Link was established in July 1937 as an ` independent non-party organisation to promote Anglo-German friendship ' . It generally operated as a cultural organisation , although its journal , the Anglo-German Review , reflected the pro-Nazi views of Admiral Sir Barry Domvile , and particularly in London it attracted a number of anti-semites and pro-Nazis . At its height the membership numbered around 4,300 . The Link was opposed to war between Britain and Germany , and because of this attracted the support of some British pacifists . When The Link and the Anglo-German Review were included among a number of peace organisations across the political spectrum in the Peace Service Handbook ( a publication put out by the Peace Pledge Union ) the Daily Telegraph and The News Chronicle published articles accusing the PPU of supporting Nazism . In response , PPU member Stuart Morris wrote to the papers stating there was no connection between the PPU and The Link , and that the former organisation did not support the German demand for colonies or peace at the expense of smaller nations . The PPU also sent a letter to its group leaders dissociating The Link from the PPU , and ceased publishing the Peace Service Handbook . The organisation was investigated by Maxwell Knight , head of counter-subversion in MI5 and future role model for James Bond 's boss M . The organisation closed shortly after the start of World War II in 1939 . Admiral Sir Barry Domvile was interned in 1940 as someone who might `` endanger the safety of the realm '' . According to Anthony Masters , the Link was allegedly resurrected in 1940 by Ian Fleming , then working in the Department of Naval Intelligence , in order to successfully lure Rudolf Hess ( deputy party leader and third in leadership of Germany , after Adolf Hitler and Hermann Göring ) to Britain in May 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39ec8c14584488573809a31da108b6a2",
"text": "The Night Letter The Night Letter is a 1978 book by Paul Spike , with a double-layered structure : an anti-Nazi spy thriller on the background of the early part of the Second World War , and an exposure of cynical and machiavellian maneuverings in the American corridors of power . The book belongs to the subgenre of secret history -- i.e. with a plot in which real historical figures play a substantial part , doing things which are the author 's invention but which supposedly ( for reasons given in the plot ) remained secret and did not come to the knowledge of the public . In the book , a British doctor meets in 1936 with President Franklin D. Roosevelt , who is unaware that the doctor is a Nazi sympathizer . The visitor manages to secretly photograph the President in a compromising position with his secretary , Missy LeHand ( whom historians widely assume to have been indeed Roosevelt 's mistress ) . By 1940 , senior Nazi leader Reinhard Heydrich possesses the picture and intends to use the photo for blackmail and prevent Roosevelt from running for a third term -- in the hope that whoever gets elected instead would be more likely to keep the US out of the Second World War . The President must recover the photo before the Democratic Party Convention which is about to nominate him . What makes the situation more difficult is that Roosevelt also needs to bypass the FBI -- for apprehension that should the photo fall into the hands of J. Edgar Hoover , the FBI Director might use it for his own brand of blackmail . Instead , Roosevelt employs former FBI Agent Jackson , who had left the Bureau under a cloud and incurred Hoover 's personal enmity , and who is completely loyal to the President . The bulk of the book follows Jackson 's chase after the photo , starting from Paris at the very eve of its fall to the Wehrmacht and concluding with a cataclysmic confrontation at a secret Michigan base of the `` Silver Shirts '' -- a murderous , power-mad American Fascist militia ( which truly existed , though not necessarily doing all that the book describes it as doing ) . The chase ends with a mixed result -- the Nazi agents have been killed or captured , but the negative did fall into the hands of the FBI who caught the scent of what was going on . The book ends on a cynical note : Hoover meets the President at the White House , claims to have destroyed the negatives ( which is manifestly untrue ) and proceeds to imperiously demand the sacking of Jackson -- obviously he is under the impression that he now holds Roosevelt 's fate in his hand . Upon being shown this , the President presents a photo of his own , showing Hoover in a compromising position with a handsome young FBI agent . Roosevelt and Hoover would henceforth be tied to each other , `` like convicts in chain gang '' , each able to destroy the other but only at the cost of his own destruction . Category :1978 books Category : Corruption Category : Secret histories Category : Thriller novels",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "27a4e8b601fc765133b26891d836d7f2",
"text": "The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy The Great Abraham Lincoln Pocket Watch Conspiracy is a historical fiction novel written by Jacopo della Quercia . The plot follows President William Howard Taft , scientist and son of a former president Robert Todd Lincoln , Secret Service Chief John Wilkie , Captain ( later Major ) Archibald Butt and others as they slowly unravel a worldwide conspiracy over a decade in the making . The book , which was della Quercia 's debut novel , was published in 2014 by St. Martin 's Griffin , an imprint of publishing company St. Martin 's Press . The author described the book 's genre not as singular distinct genre , but as an `` equal parts cocktail '' of adventure , historical fiction , science fiction , thriller and comedy . In 2015 , della Quercia released a spiritual sequel , License to Quill , of a similar nature that concerns the lives of Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare in Reformation-era Europe . The book has many references to actual events ; some , such as the sinking of the RMS Titanic , are important plot points , while others , such as the destruction of the zeppelin Erbslöh , are passively mentioned as news or memories . The author also includes excerpts from real newspaper articles , which were used to provide exposition in the storyline . Similarly , all of the main characters in the book were real , relevant figures in the 20th century . The characters profiles were fictionalized to fit in with the book 's plot and atmosphere , but their names , positions , occupations and personalities are kept largely intact .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6a056d1abbeead1b71fa0e30509c4a96",
"text": "Bulldog Drummond (novel) Bull-dog Drummond ( later Bulldog Drummond ) was the first Bulldog Drummond novel . It was published in 1920 and written by H. C. McNeile under the pen name Sapper . The novel begins with ex-British Army Captain Hugh `` Bulldog '' Drummond , DSO , MC , a wealthy former World War I officer of the Loamshire Regiment , dashing and strong , but not handsome , placing an advertisement in The Times stating his desire for an adventure . He receives a reply from a young woman , concerned about some business acquaintances of her father . It turns out that her father is being blackmailed by archvillain Carl Peterson who is attempting to organise a coup d'état to enable a pro-communist takeover of Britain . Ironically , this is being done for financial gain as Peterson is being paid by wealthy foreigners who will profit from this . Drummond is captured several times , and manages to escape several times , before eventually defeating Peterson and his henchmen , with the aid of ex-army friends .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1e6510e4b3dd7ae027f5071dcfef94f",
"text": "The Presidential Agent series The Presidential Agent series was written by military author , W. E. B. Griffin . The series consists so far of eight novels , By Order of the President , The Hostage , The Hunters , The Shooters , Black Ops , The Outlaws , Covert Warriors , and Hazardous Duty . Like the rest of his novels , Griffin uses military time , along with the address of the place , and the chapter titles are never started on a separate page . The series is the author 's latest . The main character , Carlos Guillermo Castillo , first appears as an Army major and is later promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel . Carlos is also known as Karl Wilhelm von und zu Gossinger . The reason for the double name stems from his parentage . His father , U.S. Army Warrant Officer Junior Grade Jorge Alejandro Castillo , had a one-night stand with his mother . His mother , Erika von und zu Gossinger , never saw Jorge again as he died shortly thereafter , flying `` his fifty-second rescue mission , picking up downed chopper crews , when he was hit and his Huey blew up . '' Jorge Castillo was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor . This allows Carlos to be admitted to West Point , which begins his Army career . Erika raised Karl Wilhelm with the help of her father and brother , in das Haus im Wald ( the House in the Woods ) until they both died in an automobile accident on the Autobahn , leaving her to raise the boy alone . When Karl Wilhelm is the age of 12 his mother contracts fatal pancreatic cancer . She enlists the help of the then Major Naylor , who is stationed in Germany and was friends with her father , to find the boy 's father . Naylor does some research into the father and finds out that not only is he dead but he was posthumously awarded the Medal of Honor . He flies to San Antonio and shows Karl 's paternal grandmother , Doña Alicia Castillo a photograph of Karl . Upon seeing the photo she says that the boy has `` Jorge 's eyes '' and immediately goes to Germany . Doña Alicia says that she and her husband , Don Juan Fernando Castillo , will take care of Karl when Erika herself dies of cancer . Karl is 12 and an orphan , but he goes from one rich , but loving , home to another and will gain a cousin , Fernando Lopez , who will become like a brother to him . Castillo , known to his friends as Charley , admits to being confused about who he is at times . There is good reason for this . Not only do his family members leave him a proud legacy of elite Texican/Germanic heritage , they also give him a grounding in English , Spanish , German , Russian , Hungarian and a couple of others . He is an Army aviator , holds credentials for the Secret Service and an Executive Assistant to the Secretary of Homeland Security . Because of his interesting background , Castillo comes to the attention of the President , who decides to use him as a single-source information funnel for intelligence matters , `` to serve as sort of a check on the investigations of the various agencies involved ... What I 'd like to know is what did they know and when did they know it ? '' The series has become one of Griffin 's most popular . Griffin 's son , William E. Butterworth , is listed on Griffin 's website as co-authoring `` The Outlaws '' , `` Covert Warriors '' , and `` Hazardous Duty '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a505187c92271bb6d0fc04902b33785d",
"text": "Len Deighton Leonard Cyril Deighton ( -LSB- ˈdiːtən -RSB- born 18 February 1929 ) , known as Len Deighton , is a British author . Deighton is considered one of the top three spy novelists of his time ( along with Ian Fleming and John le Carré ) . In addition he is a highly acclaimed military historian , cookery writer , and graphic artist . The IPCRESS File ( 1962 ) , his first novel , was an instant bestseller and broke the mould of thriller writing . The Sunday Times dubbed him `` the poet of the spy story '' . Deighton 's first protagonist -- a nameless spy christened Harry Palmer in the films -- was made famous worldwide in the iconic 1960s films starring Michael Caine .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "151fc0fe9259f784f21f1ed7c6fbbcde",
"text": "Jennings (novel series) The Jennings series is a collection of novels written by Anthony Buckeridge ( 1912 -- 2004 ) , as children 's literature , and concern the humorous escapades of J.C.T. Jennings , a schoolboy at Linbury Court preparatory school in England . There are 23 novels in the series , excluding reprints and other material . The first of the series , Jennings Goes to School , appeared in 1950 , and new titles were published regularly until the mid-1970s ( the last was Jennings at Large , published in 1977 , the only novel to feature Jennings during the school holidays ) , with two more volumes following in the 1990s ( Jennings Again in 1991 , and That 's Jennings in 1994 ) . The earliest ten novels in the series were reprinted in the UK in paperback , by Armada Books , in the late 1960s ; and many of the novels were translated from the original English into foreign languages . Quite often , the character 's name was not even retained : when published in France , Jennings ' name was changed to `` Bennett '' ; in Norway he was known as `` Stompa '' ; and in Brazil , when published during the 1970s , the character 's name became `` Johnny '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02b2abd77170197b7ae137ff009afee6",
"text": "The Man with the Golden Gun The Man with the Golden Gun may refer to : The Man with the Golden Gun ( novel ) , a 1965 Ian Fleming novel The Man with the Golden Gun ( film ) , a 1974 film , starring Roger Moore as James Bond The Man with the Golden Gun ( soundtrack ) , the soundtrack of the 1974 film `` The Man with the Golden Gun '' ( song ) , the title song of the 1974 film , sung by Lulu `` Man With the Golden Gun '' , an Alice Cooper song that did not make the film 's soundtrack and was instead released on 1973 's Muscle of Love album Francisco Scaramanga , the titular villain of both the novel and the film",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90fa4d8dce4971a2b81a7c2c64773017",
"text": "Harry Potter (character) Harry James Potter is the title character and protagonist of J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . The majority of the books ' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter , who , on his eleventh birthday , learns he is a wizard . Thus , he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practise magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors . Harry also discovers that he is already famous throughout the novel 's magical community , and that his fate is tied with that of Lord Voldemort , the internationally feared Dark Wizard and murderer of his parents , Lily and James .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d30c9c81500d14fa8c4a6442f10ee761",
"text": "Sherlock Holmes (1984 TV series) Sherlock Holmes is the name given to the TV series of Sherlock Holmes adaptations produced by British television company Granada Television between 1984 and 1994 , with the first two series bearing the title The Adventures Of Sherlock Holmes on screen and being followed by subsequent sub-series bearing the titles of other short story collections by Arthur Conan Doyle . The series was broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and starred Jeremy Brett as the famous detective . His portrayal remains very popular and is accepted by some as the definitive on-screen version of Sherlock Holmes . In addition , Holmes 's faithful friend and companion Dr. Watson is portrayed as the kind of thoroughly competent sidekick that Holmes would want . Initially , Watson was portrayed by David Burke ( who had earlier played the villain in an adaptation of `` The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet '' for the 1965 BBC series starring Douglas Wilmer and Nigel Stock ) . Burke appeared in the first year of the Adventures series before leaving to join the Royal Shakespeare Company . He was replaced by Edward Hardwicke , who played Watson for the remainder of the run . Of the 60 Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , 42 were adapted in the series spanning 36 one-hour episodes and five feature-length specials . ( The elements of two stories were combined in one episode , accounting for the different numbers . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a982da1fd0657a5589db23fa32ab89a2",
"text": "Doctor Who Doctor Who is a British science-fiction television programme produced by the BBC since 1963 . The programme depicts the adventures of a Time Lord called `` The Doctor '' , an extraterrestrial being from the planet Gallifrey . He explores the universe in a time-travelling space ship called the TARDIS . Its exterior appears as a blue British police box , which was a common sight in Britain in 1963 when the series first aired . Accompanied by a number of companions , the Doctor combats a variety of foes , while working to save civilisations and help people in need . The show is a significant part of British popular culture , and elsewhere it has gained a cult following . It has influenced generations of British television professionals , many of whom grew up watching the series . The programme originally ran from 1963 to 1989 . There was an unsuccessful attempt to revive regular production in 1996 with a backdoor pilot , in the form of a television film titled Doctor Who . The programme was relaunched in 2005 , and since then has been produced in-house by BBC Wales in Cardiff . Doctor Who has also spawned numerous spin-offs , including comic books , films , novels , audio dramas , and the television series Torchwood ( 2006 -- 2011 ) , The Sarah Jane Adventures ( 2007 -- 2011 ) , K-9 ( 2009 -- 2010 ) , and Class '' ( 2016-present ) , and has been the subject of many parodies and references in popular culture . Twelve actors have headlined the series as the Doctor . The transition from one actor to another is written into the plot of the show with the concept of regeneration into a new incarnation -- an idea introduced in 1966 to allow the show to continue after the departure of original lead William Hartnell who was becoming very ill at the time . The concept is that this is a Time Lord trait through which the character of the Doctor takes on a new body and personality to recover from a severe injury or anything that would otherwise kill a normal person . Each actor 's portrayal differs , but all represent stages in the life of the same character and form a single narrative . The time-travelling feature of the plot means that different incarnations of the Doctor occasionally meet . The current lead , Peter Capaldi , took on the role after Matt Smith 's exit in the 2013 Christmas special `` The Time of the Doctor '' . In 2017 , Capaldi confirmed he would be leaving at the end of the tenth series , with his final appearance being the 2017 Christmas Special .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8f633df7110a51878a96762077d6424",
"text": "The World Is Not Enough (novel) The World Is Not Enough , published in 1999 , is the fifth novel by Raymond Benson featuring Ian Fleming 's secret agent , James Bond based on the 1999 film of the same name . It was only the second James Bond novel copyrighted by Ian Fleming Publications ( formerly Glidrose Publications ) . It was published in the United Kingdom by Hodder & Stoughton and in the United States by Putnam .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d1802c67d9c38d6d5fcb8515e9a43b94",
"text": "Green Street, Mayfair Green Street is a street in Mayfair , London , England . It runs west to east from Park Lane to North Audley Street . The James Bond author Ian Fleming was born at no 27 on 28 May 1908 . Thomas Sopwith lived at no 46 from 1934 to 1940 , which has a blue plaque in his memory . When the Beatles first arrived in London in 1963 , they stayed at the Hotel President in Bloomsbury before taking a lease on an apartment at no. 57 , and this was the only London address where all four ever lived together . The fashion designer Alexander McQueen hanged himself in a wardrobe at his flat in 7 Green Street in 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e76e91231a6cca0dfe83c5833043eda8",
"text": "Bridget Jones Bridget Jones is a franchise based on a fictional character of the same name . British writer Helen Fielding started her Bridget Jones 's Diary column in The Independent in 1995 , while chronicling the life of Jones as a thirtysomething single woman in London as she tries to make sense of life and love with the help of a surrogate `` urban family '' of friends in the 1990s . The column lampooned the obsession of women with women 's magazines such as Cosmopolitan and wider social trends in Britain at the time . Fielding published the novelisation of the column in 1996 , followed by a sequel in 1999 called Bridget Jones : The Edge of Reason . Both novels were adapted for the big screen in 2001 and 2004 , starring Renée Zellweger as Bridget Jones , and Hugh Grant and Colin Firth as the men in her life : Daniel Cleaver and Mark Darcy , respectively . After Fielding had ceased to work for The Daily Telegraph in late 1998 , the feature began again in The Independent on 4 August 2005 and finished in June 2006 . Helen Fielding released a third novel in 2013 , Bridget Jones : Mad About the Boy , which is set 14 years after the events of the second novel . The fictional character `` Bridget Jones '' was named on the 2016 Woman 's Hour Power List as one of seven women judged to have had the biggest impact on women 's lives over the past 70 years , alongside Margaret Thatcher , Barbara Castle , Helen Brook , Germaine Greer , Jayaben Desai and Beyoncé .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13a994e6f9a5d5163460e07d1d0f854b",
"text": "007 Legends 007 Legends is a first-person shooter video game featuring the character of British secret agent James Bond . It was developed by Eurocom and released by Activision in October 2012 for PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 , November 2012 for Microsoft Windows and December 2012 for Wii U . The game is available as physical optical disc media , as well as a digital release download via PlayStation Network and Xbox Live Marketplace on date of release . It was removed off all other digital stores without warning . The PAL Wii U version of the game was released in some parts of Europe on 6 December 2012 , and in the United Kingdom on 21 December 2012 . The release was cancelled in Australia . The game was released to coincide with the fiftieth anniversary of the James Bond film series . To achieve this the single player campaign includes one mission from each of the six actors ' eras , being Goldfinger ( Sean Connery ) , On Her Majesty 's Secret Service ( George Lazenby ) , Moonraker ( Roger Moore ) , Licence to Kill ( Timothy Dalton ) and Die Another Day ( Pierce Brosnan ) , with Skyfall ( Daniel Craig ) released as downloadable content for the Xbox 360 , PS3 and PC and included on disc for the Wii U version . Additionally , some of the original talent from the films add their likenesses and voices to their associated characters . 007 Legends is the fourth James Bond game title to be released by Activision , as well as the last game Eurocom developed before the company ceased operations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "36d526bca34bbcec6930474ed37a2540",
"text": "Inspector Rebus The Inspector Rebus books are a series of detective novels by the Scottish author Ian Rankin . The novels , centred on Detective Inspector John Rebus , are mostly based in and around Edinburgh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
297d6f909c129127c4ff70510de6a4d3 | Chess used to be recognized as a sport by a committee. | [
{
"docid": "b9a37e37f8a894bd83b57e09494e3321",
"text": "Chess Chess is a two-player strategy board game played on a chessboard , a checkered gameboard with 64 squares arranged in an 8 × 8 grid . The game is played by millions of people worldwide . Each player begins with 16 pieces : one king , one queen , two rooks , two knights , two bishops , and eight pawns . Each of the six piece types moves differently , with the most powerful being the queen and the least powerful the pawn . The objective is to checkmate the opponent 's king by placing it under an inescapable threat of capture . To this end , a player 's pieces are used to attack and capture the opponent 's pieces , while supporting each other . In addition to checkmate , the game can be won by of the opponent , which typically occurs when too much material is lost , or checkmate appears unavoidable . A game can also in several ways end in a draw . Chess is believed to have originated in India sometime before the 7th century , being derived from the Indian game chaturanga , which is also the likely ancestor of the Eastern strategy games xiangqi , janggi , and shogi . ( A minority view holds that chess originated in China . ) The pieces assumed their current powers in Spain in the late 15th century ; the rules were finally standardized in the 19th century . The first generally recognized World Chess Champion , Wilhelm Steinitz , claimed his title in 1886 . Since 1948 , the World Championship has been regulated by FIDE , the game 's international governing body . FIDE also organizes the Women 's World Championship , the World Junior Championship , the World Senior Championship , the Blitz and Rapid World Championships , and the Chess Olympiad , a popular competition among international teams . There is also a Correspondence Chess World Championship and a World Computer Chess Championship . Online chess has opened amateur and professional competition to a wide and varied group of players . FIDE awards titles to skilled players , the highest of which is grandmaster . Many national chess organizations also have a title system ; however , these are not recognized by FIDE . Until recently , chess was a recognized sport of the International Olympic Committee ; some national sporting bodies such as the Spanish Consejo Superior de Deportes also recognize chess as a sport . Chess was included in the 2006 and 2010 Asian Games . Since the second half of the 20th century , computers have been programmed to play chess with increasing success , to the point where the strongest home computers play at a higher level than the best human players . Since the 1990s , computer analysis has contributed significantly to chess theory , particularly in the endgame . The IBM computer Deep Blue was the first machine to overcome a reigning World Chess Champion in a match when it defeated Garry Kasparov in 1997 . The rise of strong computer programs ( called `` engines '' ) runnable on hand-held devices has led to increasing concerns about cheating during tournaments . There are also many chess variants which utilize different rules , pieces , or boards . One of these , Chess960 ( originally `` Fischerandom '' ) , has gained widespread popularity as well as limited FIDE recognition .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "85a77906bfdf3e8b6a17ce7e71d6a0e6",
"text": "Stalemate Stalemate is a situation in the game of chess where the player whose turn it is to move is not in check but has no legal move . The rules of chess provide that when stalemate occurs , the game ends as a draw ( i.e. having no winner ) . During the endgame , stalemate is a resource that can enable the player with the inferior position to draw the game rather than lose . In more complex positions , stalemate is much rarer , usually taking the form of a swindle that succeeds only if the superior side is inattentive . Stalemate is also a common theme in endgame studies and other chess problems . The outcome of a stalemate was standardized as a draw in the 19th century . Before this standardization , its treatment varied widely , including being deemed a win for the stalemating player , a half-win for that player , or a loss for that player ; not being permitted ; and resulting in the stalemated player missing a turn . Some regional chess variants have not allowed a player to play a stalemating move . In losing chess , another chess variant , is typically treated as a win for the stalemated player . In popular usage , the word stalemate refers to a conflict that has reached an impasse , and in which resolution or further action seems highly difficult or unlikely .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e7e6828adbcf577eafd994f2b6952a96",
"text": "Emirati Chess Championship The Emirati Chess Championship is organized by the United Arab Emirates Chess Federation . It is one of the major national chess competitions of the United Arab Emirates held at standard time controls , the other being the UAE President 's Cup , which has been held annually since 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c0cc22b7b45744aa5c0e320e70c609f3",
"text": "Grand Chess Grand Chess is a large-board chess variant invented by Dutch games designer Christian Freeling in 1984 . It is played on a 10 × 10 board , with each side having two additional pawns and two new pieces : the marshal and the cardinal . The marshal ( M ) combines powers of a rook and a knight . The cardinal ( C ) combines powers of a bishop and a knight . A superficial similarity exists between Grand Chess and an early version of the historic chess variant Capablanca Chess because the same pieces and game board are used . But differences in start position , rules governing pawn moves and promotion , and castling make them significantly different games . A series of Grand Chess Cyber World Championship matches was sponsored by the Dutch game site Mindsports . Past title holders included R. Wayne Schmittberger ( 1998 , 1999 ) and John Vehre ( 2001 ) . Grand Chess tournaments were held annually beginning in 1998 by the ( now defunct ) correspondence game club NOST .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b3ecb231a2139a3a71388c7ca370741",
"text": "Polish Chess Federation The Polish Chess Federation ( PZSzach ) was created on 11 April 1926 in Warsaw . Józef Żabiński was the first chairman . The initial statute outlined the fundamental objectives of the association including amongst others the popularisation of the game of chess and general organization of the chess movement in Poland , representation outside the country , coordination of the activities of clubs and regional associations as well as organization of individual and team tournaments and championships ( in different age categories ) . The Polish Chess Federation was invited to join the International Chess Federation ( FIDE ) in 1927 . After 2nd World War , The Polish Chess Federation was re-established on 30 April 1946 and with the exception of the period between 1950 and 1957 has been continually active till today . The General Delegate Assembly is the highest decision making body , however , the daily activities are managed by a Board consisting of 10 to 15 members elected for four-tear terms .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "213f8b062bf468602a6c6c1b573d549b",
"text": "Malaysian Chess Federation The Malaysian Chess Federation ( MCF ) is the principal authority over all chess events in Malaysia and organizes the Malaysian Chess Championship . The MCF promotes and coordinates all major chess events in the 13 Malaysian states and is an active sports body in Malaysia . The Federation is affiliated to the world governing body , FIDE , and is part of the ASEAN Chess Confederation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f18607f15eb332dfde97b66a4867e444",
"text": "Chess (Northwestern University) Chess was a pioneering chess program from the 1970s , written by Larry Atkin and David Slate at Northwestern University . Chess ran on Control Data Corporation 's line of supercomputers . Work on the program began in 1968 . It dominated the first computer chess tournaments , such as the World Computer Chess Championship and ACM 's North American Computer Chess Championship . Chess was the first published use of the bitboard data structure applied to the game of chess . In 1976 , Chess 4.5 won the Class B section of the Paul Masson American Chess Championship , the first time a computer was successful in a human tournament . The performance rating was 1950 . In February 1977 Chess 4.6 , the only computer entry , surprised observers by winning the 84th Minnesota Open against competitors just under Master level . It achieved a USCF rating close to or at Expert , higher than previous programs ' Class C or D , by winning five games and losing none . Stenberg ( rated 1969 ) became the second Class A player to lose to a computer in a tournament game , the first being Jola . Because of its Minnesota victory , grandmaster Walter Browne invited Chess 4.6 on a CDC Cyber 176 to his simultaneous chess exhibition ; to Browne and others ' surprise , Chess 4.6 defeated the United States chess champion . Also in 1977 , Chess 4.6 won the second World Computer Chess Championship in Toronto , ahead of 15 other programs including KAISSA ; Chess 4 had finished in second place to KAISSA at the first tournament in 1974 . The favorite to win the tournament , like all but one other entry Chess 4.6 ran on a computer located away from the tournament ; despite losing 90 minutes to hardware failure at the start of its first match the program rapidly defeated its opponent in 27 moves , earlier than any other first-round match . Chess 4.6 was capable of defeating 99.5 % of United States Chess Federation-rated players under tournament conditions , and was stronger in blitz chess . In 1978 and 1979 Atkin and Peter W. Frey published in BYTE a series on computer chess programming , including the Pascal source for Chess 0.5 , a chess engine suitable for microcomputers . That year the improved Chess 4.7 -- which had by now achieved a 2030 rating after 31 tournament games -- played against David Levy who , in 1968 had wagered that he would not be beaten by a computer within ten years . Whereas Chess 4.7 had beaten Levy under blitz conditions , the bet involved forty moves over a two-hour period , the computer 's choices being relayed by telephone from Minnesota to the board . Levy won the bet , defeating the Chess 4.7 in a six-game match by a score of 4.5-1 .5 , The computer scored a draw in game two after getting a completely winning position but being outplayed by Levy in the endgame , and a win in game four -- the first computer victory against a human master -- when Levy essayed the very sharp , dubious Latvian Gambit . Levy wrote , `` I had proved that my 1968 assessment had been correct , but on the other hand my opponent in this match was very , very much stronger than I had thought possible when I started the bet . '' He observed that , `` Now nothing would surprise me ( very much ) . '' International Master Edward Lasker stated in 1978 , `` My contention that computers can not play like a master , I retract . They play absolutely alarmingly . I know , because I have lost games to 4.7 . '' Atkin , Slate , and Frey later wrote microcomputer chess , checkers , and Reversi programs for Odesta . Advertisements cited their Northwestern affiliation and authorship of Chess 4.7 , `` World Computer Chess Champion , 1977-1980 '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "231870cb56997f979644c4a447743e5a",
"text": "The Chess Variant Pages The Chess Variant Pages is a popular non-commercial Internet website devoted to chess variants . It was created by Hans Bodlaender in 1995 . The site is `` run by hobbyists for hobbyists '' and is `` the most wide-ranging and authoritative web site on chess variants '' . The site contains a large compilation of games with published rules . The aims of the site are to educate readers about chess variants , encourage gameplay , and provide a place for free discussion . The site has featured game competitions as well as variant design competitions , and provides facilities for publishing documents . Numerous files are available for playing variants using the Zillions of Games proprietary software engine . The site also features The Game Courier software developed by Fergus Duniho which can be used to play almost any variant . There is also an extensive encyclopedia of fairy chess pieces . Other contributing editorial volunteers include ( alphabetically by last name ) : Peter Aronson , Jean-Louis Cazaux , Antoine Fourrière , Ed Friedlander , Ben Good , David Howe , Joe Joyce , Glenn Overby II , Tony Quintanilla , and Peter Spicer . Early editors included John William Brown , Tom Cook , Pavel Tikhomirov , and Vu Q. Vo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2c2cae1760342840c2428f62200b18a4",
"text": "Chess piece relative value In chess , the chess piece relative value system conventionally assigns a point value to each piece when assessing its relative strength in potential exchanges . These values help determine how valuable a piece is strategically . They play no formal role in the game but are useful to players and are also used in computer chess to help the computer evaluate positions . Calculations of the value of pieces provide only a rough idea of the state of play . The exact piece values will depend on the game situation , and can differ considerably from those given here . In some positions , a well-placed piece might be much more valuable than indicated by heuristics , while a badly placed piece may be completely trapped and , thus , almost worthless . Valuations almost always assign the value 1 point to pawns ( typically as the average value of a pawn in the starting position ) . Computer programs often represent the values of pieces and positions in terms of ` centipawns ' ( cp ) , where 100 cp = 1 pawn , which allows strategic features of the position , worth less than a single pawn , to be evaluated without requiring fractions . Edward Lasker said `` It is difficult to compare the relative value of different pieces , as so much depends on the peculiarities of the position ... '' . Nevertheless , he said that bishops and knights ( minor pieces ) were equal , rooks are worth a minor piece plus one or two pawns , and a queen is worth three minor pieces or two rooks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83048260240383fd4fb752ea1e75c0ee",
"text": "Pan American Intercollegiate Team Chess Championship The Pan-American Intercollegiate Team Chess Championship is the foremost intercollegiate team chess championship in the Americas . Hosted in part by the United States Chess Federation , the Pan-Am Intercollegiate is open to any team comprising four players and up to two alternates from the same post-secondary school ( university , college , community college ) in North America , Central America , South America , or the Caribbean . The Pan-Am began as such in 1946 ( there had been earlier versions open to U.S. schools only ) , and is held annually , usually December 27 -- 30 . It has usually been held in the United States , but was hosted in Canada four times ( 1969 , 1971 , 1984 , 1999 ) . The current format is a six-round fixed-roster team Swiss-system tournament scored by team ( not individual ) points . Sometimes the Pan-Am Intercollegiate is held as part of a larger event called the Pan-American Chess Championships comprising the Pan-Am Intercollegiate , Pan-Am Scholastic Team Championship , and Pan-Am Open ( for any individual ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7b711018583afdc08017bb88a7239f4f",
"text": "Notational analysis In professional sports , notational analysis is the study of movement patterns , strategy and tactics in team sports . Successful patterns of play can be identified and used in subsequent matches . Notational analysis has a history in dance and music notation . Notational analysis is a way that critical events in a performance can be quantified in a consistent and reliable manner . In notational analysis , no change in performance of any kind will take place without feedback . The role of feedback is central in the performance improvement process , and by inference , so is the need for accuracy and precision of such feedback . The provision of this accurate and precise feedback can only be facilitated if performance and practice is subjected to a vigorous process of analysis . Augmented feedback has traditionally been provided by subjective observations , made during performance by the coaches , in the belief that they can accurately report on the critical elements of performance without any observation aids . Several studies not only contradict this belief , but also suggest that the recall abilities of experienced coaches are little better than those of novices , and that even with observational training , coaches ' recall abilities improved only slightly . Furthermore , research in applied psychology has suggested that these recall abilities are also influenced by factors that include the observer 's motives and beliefs . The coach is not a passive perceiver of information , and as such his or her perception of events is selective and constructive , not simply a copying process . This importance of feedback to performance improvement , and the limitations of coaches ' recall abilities alluded to above , implies a requirement for objective data upon which to base augmented feedback , and the main methods of `` objectifying '' this data involve the use of video / notational analysis ( Hughes and Franks , 1997 p. 11 ) . Coaches have been aware , consciously or unconsciously , of these needs for accuracy of feedback and have been using simple data gathering systems for decades . More recently , sports scientists have been using notational analysis systems to answer fundamental questions about game play and performance in sport . An early work , over some decades , on analysis of soccer was picked up by the then Director of Coaching at the Football Association , and this had a profound effect on the patterns of play in British football -- the adoption of the ` long ball ' game . Generally , the first publications in Britain of the research process by notational analysis of sport were in the mid-1970s , so as a discipline it is one of the more recent to be embraced by sports science . The publication of a number of notation systems in racket sports provided a fund of ideas used by other analysts . Because of the growth and development of sports science as an academic discipline , a number of scientists began using and extending the simple hand notation techniques that had served for decades . This also coincided with the introduction of personal computers , which transformed all aspects of data gathering in sports science . Currently hand and computerised notation systems are both used to equal extents by working analysts , although the use of computer databases to collate hand notated data post-event makes the analyses much more powerful . The applications of notation have been defined as : - 1 . tactical evaluation , 2 . technical evaluation , 3 . analysis of movement , 4 . development of a database and modelling , and 5 . for educational use with both coaches and players . Most pieces of research using notation , or indeed any practical applications working directly with coaches and athletes , will span more than one of these purposes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3a5130d1f29e604ca1156fa49c902b20",
"text": "British Horseracing Board From 10 June 1993 until 30 July 2007 , the British Horseracing Board ( BHB ) was the governing authority for horseracing in Great Britain . It was created in 1993 , and took on responsibilities previously held by the Jockey Club . This was intended to help modernise the sport , as the Jockey Club is a private members ' club with a traditionally aristocratic membership , and was seen by some as being unaccountable and a relic of the tradition of amateurism in British sports administration . The Jockey Club however retained responsibility for matters concerned with the regulation of the sport , such as integrity , discipline and equine health . The British Horseracing Board focused on organising and promoting the sport and enhancing its commercial position . This was an extract from its statement of aims published in 2006 : The BHB was merged with the Horseracing Regulatory Authority ( HRA ) , the regulatory division of the Jockey Club , in 2007 , creating a new organisation called the British Horseracing Authority which from 31 July 2007 governs and regulates the sport . As a result , the Jockey Club has formally ended its link with the regulation of the sport . The British Horseracing Board ceased to exist on 31 July 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5fc940d8fa1fe812d0fd0155c93b8294",
"text": "23rd Chess Olympiad The 23rd Chess Olympiad , organized by FIDE and comprising an open and a women 's tournament , as well as several other events designed to promote the game of chess , took place between October 25 and November 12 , 1978 , in Buenos Aires , Argentina . After the boycott two years earlier , the Eastern Bloc countries were back , including the Soviet team who , as usual , were huge favourites -- but in the end they had to settle for the silver medal . Hungary , led by Lajos Portisch , caused quite an upset by taking the gold medals by a full point . The United States took the bronze .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a1f61785e2697c79e7f355cf0e6a1bc4",
"text": "Latvian Olympic Committee The Latvian Olympic Committee ( or LOK ) is a non-profit organization that is the National Olympic Committee for Latvia . It was created in 1922 and recognised by the International Olympic Committee in 1923 . Its headquarters are in Riga .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "226964a34eab5b245acc6ff3cc40ad2d",
"text": "Women's World Chess Championship The Women 's World Chess Championship ( WWCC ) is played to determine the women 's world champion in chess . Like the World Chess Championship , it is administered by FIDE . Unlike with most sports recognized by the International Olympic Committee , where competition is either `` mixed '' ( containing everyone ) or split into men and women , in chess women are both allowed to compete in the `` open '' division ( including the World Chess Championship ) yet also have a separate Women 's Championship ( only open to females ) . Notably however , the top-rated female player for over 20 years ( with the highest FIDE rating in history of any woman ) , Judit Polgár , has never competed for the women 's title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "10c39b8014ebe744115d9af668a376b9",
"text": "Ostend 1907 chess tournament The tournament was divided into two sections : the Championship Tournament and the Masters ' Tournament . The first section was for players who had previously won an international tournament . The Championship Tournament took place in the Casino of Ostend from 16 May to 14 June 1907 . Dawid Janowski , Siegbert Tarrasch , Carl Schlechter , and Frank Marshall had accepted the invitation for the tournament . Emanuel Lasker and Géza Maróczy declined and were replaced by Amos Burn and Mikhail Chigorin . The time restriction was 30 moves in two hours and 15 moves in one hour . Tarrasch won the golden medal and 2603 1/2 francs . Schlechter became second and gained 2277 1/2 francs . In the Ostend tournament of 1907 the term `` grandmaster '' ( actually Großmeister in German ) was used , so these players were described as grandmasters for the purposes of the tournament . After winning the tournament , Tarrasch was crowned the `` World Champion Tournament Player '' by the tournament organizers . Lasker finally agreed to a title match in 1908 , and beat Tarrasch convincingly ( +8 -- 3 = 5 ) . The Masters ' Tournament was a twenty nine-player round-robin . It was played from 16 May to 25 June . Ossip Bernstein and Akiba Rubinstein ended equal as winners at Ostend B.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "83f1ce8263a5778e657029ef114ae611",
"text": "International Chess Magazine International Chess Magazine ( ICM ) was a chess magazine established in 1885 by World Chess Champion Wilhelm Steinitz . The magazine was published until 1891 . The magazine was based in United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ba5c3a4b56f0e484ca049950a4b5f06",
"text": "Lithuanian Chess Championship The first unofficial Lithuanian Chess Championship was held in Kaunas ( Temporary capital of Lithuania ) in 1921 . The Champion 's title was granted after victorious or drawn match between previous champion and challenger , mostly a winner of Championship of Kaunas ( later - the Championship of Lithuania ) in the period from 1922 to World War II . The first official Lithuanian championship was held in 1929 . The next year , Lithuania joined FIDE , the World Chess Federation . When Lithuania was part of the Soviet Union ( June 1940 -- June 1941 and July 1944 -- March 1990 ) , players from other Soviet Republics were sometimes invited to play in the championship . In 1951 , Ratmir Kholmov won the championship ahead of the guests Andor Lilienthal , Tigran Petrosian , and Vladimir Simagin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1165a81e878c910717e28f705e4d3a7d",
"text": "Chess in Azerbaijan Chess is one of the most popular sports in Azerbaijan , where it is governed by the Azerbaijan Chess Federation ( ACF ) . On May 5 , 2009 Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev , who is also the chairman of the National Olympic Committee , signed an executive order initiating a state-supported chess development program , covering the years 2009 -- 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753b2947764ce2c6c5b10bcf95c1e71a",
"text": "World championship A world championship is generally an international sports competition open to elite competitors from across the world , representing their nations , and winning such an event will be considered the highest or near highest achievement in the sport or contest . The title is usually awarded through a combination of specific contests or , less commonly , ranking systems ( e.g. the ICC Test Championship ) , or a combination of the two ( e.g. World Triathlon Championships in Triathlon ) . This determines a ` world champion ' , who or which is commonly considered the best nation , team , individual ( or other entity ) in the world in a particular field , although the vagaries of sport ensure that the competitor recognised at the best in an event is not always the ` world champion ' ( see Underdog ) . Certain sports do not have a world championship . Instead , they may organise a world cup competition , or they may organize both , for example cycling ( UCI World Championships and UCI World Cups ) ) . Often , the use of the term cup or championship in this sense is just a choice of words . Some sports have multiple champions because of multiple organizations , such as boxing , mixed martial arts and wrestling . Certain sports do not have a world championship or a world cup as such , but may have one or several world champions . Professional boxing , for example , has several world champions at different weights , but each one of them is decided by a `` title fight '' , not a tournament . A certain number of sports hold world championships or world cups which are overshadowed , in terms of prestige , by the same events in the Olympic Games , the most prestigious multi-sports event . Still other sports may or may not have a true world championship but may designate the winners of a domestic competition to be `` world champions . '' This is especially true of the major professional sports leagues in the United States and Canada ; world cups and championships exist in all of the major sports , but the domestic U.S. and Canadian leagues are generally recognized as the world professional championships or the equivalent of a world club championship . ( In American football , although an IFAF World Championship exists , the United States is so far above and beyond the other nations it faces that the winner of the U.S.-based Super Bowl , a competition limited to the 32 teams in the National Football League , is commonly recognized as the world champion . ) Finally , certain professional sports do not have a world championship or world cup , but rather hold a series of events recognised as the elite level in their field ( e.g. tennis has a series of four Grand Slam events recognised as the pinnacle of the game , in addition to key team events , world tour finals and the Olympic Games , but no world championship or world cup ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "37cdfd9044fdb21702a50270845f81e5",
"text": "Silesian Chess Congress The first Silesian Chess Congress was held in 1922 . When the German Chess Federation ( Deutscher Schachbund ) started in 1877 , there were not many regional chess federations . On 19 September 1877 the Breslau Chess Association ( Breslauer Schachverein ) was founded by amongst others Theodor von Scheve . In 1895 Görlitz and 1899 Liegnitz were meetings of mainly Silesian clubs . At the end of 1908 the Breslau clubs Anderssen and Morphy decided to found the East German Chess Federation ( Ostdeutscher Schachverband ) . After the World War I Germany had to cede a part of the Ostprovinzen , mainly Posen ( Poznań ) . In 1922 the new Silesian Chess Federation ( Schlesischer Schachverband ) was founded and held a great number of congresses till 1939 . Members of this federation ( Oberschlesischer Schachverband , Groß-Breslauer Schachverband ) and of the German Chess Federation in Czechoslovakia ( Deutscher Schachverband in der Tschechoslowakei ) played in each other 's championships . When the Nazis came to power in 1933 , Heinz Josef Foerder , being a Jew , lost his job , and moved to Riga , Latvia . In 1934 he emigrated to British Mandate of Palestine where he had changed his name to Yosef Porath . In April 1935 , he tied for 3rd-5th in Tel Aviv ( the 2nd Maccabiah Games , Abram Blass won ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
68850da5808822b7b7f85085d0ea7579 | The Fujistsu iPAD was teased but never released. | [
{
"docid": "eae95b25ee32dbf8afbdf788bec357bd",
"text": "Fujitsu iPAD The Fujitsu iPAD is a lightweight handheld device that was introduced by Fujitsu , in 2002 . It runs Microsoft 's CE.NET operating system . It supports 802.11 b wireless LAN to connect wirelessly with other company infrastructure . The device can support inventory management as well as credit card payments . In January 2010 , when Apple announced the Apple iPad , there was a naming controversy between the two devices . To settle the trademark infringement allegation , Apple purchased the trademark rights from Fujitsu . Some trademark analysts estimate that Apple paid Fujitsu over US$ 4 million in exchange for the March 17 , 2010 assignment of Fujitsu 's iPad trademark rights to Apple .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "814ecdb47bca44d9c85fc9120054ca5d",
"text": "Apple Adjustable Keyboard The Apple Adjustable Keyboard is an ergonomic and adjustable keyboard introduced by Apple Computer in 1993 for the Macintosh personal computers at a retail price of US$ 219 . The keyboard attached to the computer via the Apple Desktop Bus ( ADB ) . The last Apple computer released compatible with this keyboard without using a USB to ADB adapter was the Power Macintosh G3 ( Blue & White ) , as it was the last one with the Apple Desktop Bus . It aimed to solve repetitive stress injuries resulting in carpal tunnel syndrome , after several computer keyboard manufacturers were sued for poor design . The Apple Adjustable Keyboard came with contoured plastic wrist rests , and a separate keypad with function keys and arrow keys . This was the third and last time Apple offered a separate numeric keypad . Unlike its predecessors , it was not sold separately . The keyboard also included volume buttons and a record button on the right side of the keyboard . It was hinged at the top , allowing the user to adjust the angle between the right and left sides of the keyboard . The split came between the key pairs : 5/6 , T/Y , G/H , and B/N . The space bar floated midway between the two parts . Although the keyboard addressed several ergonomic problems , it was reviewed poorly due to using a large amount of desk space , mainly because of the optional palm rests . The keyboard uses Alps SKFS switches , which provide tactile feedback with a slightly `` clicky '' feel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9d73a4ecae85432177fd9aa17c0e909a",
"text": "Apple A5X The Apple A5X is a 32-bit system-on-a-chip ( SoC ) designed by Apple Inc. , introduced at the launch of the third generation iPad on March 7 , 2012 . It is a high performance variant of the Apple A5 ; Apple claims it has twice the graphics performance of the A5 . It was superseded in the iPhone 5 and 5C by the A6 chip and the fourth generation iPad by the A6X chip .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e3ccc09dca78e9113af1a1d211d33c17",
"text": "Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 7.0 The Samsung Galaxy Tab 3 7.0 is a 7-inch Android-based tablet computer produced and marketed by Samsung Electronics . It belongs to the third generation of the Samsung Galaxy Tab series , which also includes the 8-inch Galaxy Tab 3 8.0 and the 10.1-inch Galaxy Tab 3 10.1 . It was announced on 29 April 2013 and launched in the US on 7 July 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9632bf79ffd5b801c8228441ad5874ad",
"text": "Google Calendar Google Calendar is a time-management and scheduling calendar service developed by Google . It became available as a limited beta release on April 13 , 2006 , and exited the beta stage in July 2009 . It is available on the web and as mobile apps for the Android and iOS mobile operating systems . Google Calendar allows users to create and edit events . Reminders can be enabled for events , with options available for type and time . Event locations can also be added , and other users can be invited to events . Users can enable or disable the visibility of special calendars , including Birthdays , where the app retrieves dates of births from Google contacts and displays birthday cards on a yearly basis , and Holidays , a country-specific calendar that displays dates of special occasions . Over time , Google has added functionality that makes use of machine learning , including `` Events from Gmail '' , where event information from a user 's Gmail messages are automatically added to Google Calendar ; `` Reminders '' , where users add to-do activities that can be automatically updated with new information ; `` Smart Suggestions '' , where the app recommends titles , contacts , and locations when creating events ; and `` Goals '' , where users enter information on a specified personal goal , and the app automatically schedules the activity at optimal times . Google Calendar 's mobile apps have received polarized reviews . 2015 reviews of the Android and iOS apps both praised and criticized the design . While some critics praised the design for being `` cleaner '' , `` bold '' and making use of `` colorful graphics '' , other reviewers asserted that the graphics took up too much space . The Smart Suggestions feature was also liked and disliked , with varying levels of success in the app actually managing to suggest relevant information upon event creation . The integration between Google Calendar and Gmail was praised , however , with critics writing that `` all of the relevant details are there '' . The iOS app has been criticized for its lack of iPad support , and for the lack of a widget in the iOS Notification Center . An update in March 2017 added iPad support , and a blog post by Google announced that a Notification Center widget is coming in a future update .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "154f60e78cc6692fcff7b3b51d0e38e9",
"text": "Acer Liquid Z630 The Acer Liquid Z630 is a touchscreen smartphone developed and marketed by Acer Inc. . It was announced in the September 2015 IFA exhibition in Berlin .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a961372e635903e9c2641d806fc2ae61",
"text": "Game Boy Printer The Game Boy Printer , known in Japan as the , is a thermal printer accessory released by Nintendo in 1998 , which ceased being manufactured in early 2003 . The Game Boy Printer is compatible with all the Game Boy systems except the Game Boy Micro , and is designed to be used in conjunction with the Game Boy Camera . It also prints images from compatible late-generation Game Boy and Game Boy Color games ( listed below ) . It runs on six AA batteries and uses a special 3.8 cm wide thermal paper with adhesive backing , sold in white , red , yellow and blue colors . In Japan , a bright yellow Pokémon version of the Game Boy Printer was released , featuring a feed button in the style of a Poké Ball . Mad Catz sells a kit that enables users to connect a Game Boy to a PC and print images using the PC 's printer . Hobbyists outside the UK can also make their own cable for uploading images to their computer . A Game Boy Printer emulator is needed for the Game Boy to interface with the PC once linked via cable . The Game Boy Printer Paper has also been discontinued , and rolls of the genuine article that still produce a reliable image are becoming more difficult to find . Regular thermal paper , such as the kind used for POS terminals , can be cut to the proper width and used successfully with the Game Boy Printer . The system will print a test message reading `` Hello '' if it is turned on while the feed button is held . According to the manual , this is used to test if the printer is functioning properly . To get around using six AA batteries ( 1.5 volts each ) for the printer , a single 9V battery can be used if wired properly , because the printer requires 9V DC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8a1222d6170e5fc826d449ea82068713",
"text": "Ultracity 6060 UltraCity 6060 was a six-part animated short series which was shown as part of MTV 's teen/adult-themed cartoon variety show Cartoon Sushi . Writers included Matt Harrigan , Mike DeSeve , Dave Hughes , Ben Gruber and Daria 's head writer Anne Bernstein . It consisted of anime scenes that were dubbed with humorously incorrect dialogue for comedic reasons . Most of the anime used in this cult classic was taken from the OAV series Genocyber which is released by U.S. Manga Corps . Another U.S. Manga Corps title was used for another UltraCity episode starred Iria in a parody of her own anime Iria : Zeiram the Animation . For the episode `` Planet Jackson '' , footage from ADV Films ' Mighty Space Miners was lampooned . The young boy in the film was made to be Michael Jackson and the rest of the cast as the Jackson family , Quincy Jones , Donny Osmond , Andrew Jackson and other people looking for handouts . The only non-anime cartoon used in UltraCity was from Cartoon Network 's `` Cartoons That Never Made It '' produced by AmPnyc in early-1997 under the supervision of Amperio Lux . One of them was Fast Driver , an obvious Speed Racer parody poking fun at everything . Other shorts featured two news reporters bemoaning the mainstream use of profanity in society ( the irony of course was that they swore very frequently ) , as well as a man named Hirogani , who was having problems trying to stop his severe flatulence around people ( taken from Genocyber ) . Another short was when they announced that their `` animation budget has been completely exhausted by excessive robot battles '' , which made them ban all lip-synching to save money ( a remake of a scene from the first Mobile Police Patlabor movie ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cb24fe0821e04f175c13f84503ce3be0",
"text": "Satellaview The is a satellite modem peripheral for Nintendo 's Super Famicom system that was released in Japan in 1995 . Available for pre-release orders beginning February 13 , 1995 , the Satellaview retailed for between ¥ 14,000 and 18,000 ( at the time between USD$ 141 and 182 ) and came bundled with the BS-X Game Pak and an 8M Memory Pak . The Satellaview system was developed and released by Nintendo to receive signals broadcast from satellite TV station WOWOW 's satellite radio subsidiary , St.GIGA . St.GIGA was responsible for file server management , maintenance , and vocalization for `` SoundLink '' games . Nintendo data broadcasts were given a fixed time slot known as the during which scrambled Satellaview-related data was streamed via radio waves to be unscrambled by St.GIGA 's . As a subscription-based station for ambient and New Age music , St.GIGA listeners were already equipped with `` BS tuners '' prior to St.GIGA 's contract with Nintendo . Satellaview owners who lacked a `` BS tuner '' had to purchase one separately from St.GIGA at a price of ¥ 33,000 , as well as sign up for Nintendo 's and St.GIGA 's monthly joint membership fees . Alternatively , users could rent `` BS tuners '' from St.GIGA for a 6-month period at a price of ¥ 5,400 . Even at this premium price , St.GIGA reported subscriptions peaking at 116,378 households by March 1997 , and dropping to around 46,000 by June 2001 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "48f882c342719f2557f847518facef87",
"text": "ThinkPad ThinkPad is a line of laptop computers and tablets developed by Lenovo . The series was designed , developed , and sold by IBM until Lenovo acquired the division and brand in 2005 . ThinkPads are known for their minimalist , black and box design which was initially modeled in 1990 by industrial designer Richard Sapper based on the concept of a traditional Japanese Bento lunchbox revealing its nature only after being opened . According to later interviews with Sapper , he also characterized the simple ThinkPad form to be as elementary as a simple , black cigar box and with similar proportions that offers a ` surprise ' when opened . ThinkPads are popular with large businesses and schools . Older ThinkPad models are revered by technology enthusiasts , collectors and power users due to their durable design , relatively high resale value , and abundance of aftermarket replacement parts . ThinkPad laptops have been used in space and , by 2003 , were the only laptops certified for use on the International Space Station .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "54f38c1b298391a1d4a5925f917222d0",
"text": "Departmental boot image A departmental boot image is a boot image for any computer that has been enhanced by adding some applications and passwords specific to a task or group or department in an organization . This has many of the advantages of a thin client strategy , but can be done on any operating system base as long as the boot device is large enough to accommodate the boot and applications together . A typical departmental Windows XP boot image is usually so large that it requires a DVD to store , and may be too large for network booting . Accordingly , it is usually installed on a fixed or removable hard drive kept inside the machine , rather than installed over a network or from a ROM . There are some boot image control complexity and total cost of operations advantages to using a departmental boot image instead of a common boot image for the entire organization , or a thin client : all the capabilities of a full operating system are available , not just those of a thin client applications with inflexible software licenses need not be paid for the entire organization , but can be paid only for the departments that actually use them and have them installed on their machines applications that interact badly can be segmented so that an accounting program and an engineering program do not `` clobber each other 's libraries '' or otherwise interfere as they would if both sets of applications were installed in one boot image overall size of each boot image can be controlled to fit within network or removable disk limits Disadvantages include the complexity of creating and managing several large boot images , and determining when a department needs to upgrade its applications . If each user is allowed to do this on their own , then , the discipline soon degrades and the shop will be no easier to manage than one that consists of one-off computers with their own quirks , frequently requiring re-imaging and whose issues are not really diagnosable nor comparable to each other . Some experts believe that any departmental boot image regime degrades rather quickly to this state without extraordinary discipline and controls , and advocate thin clients to ensure such control . It is however increasingly possible to restrict users from installing `` their own '' applications on a standard boot image , and to automatically re-install when a variant boot image is detected . While this would be draconian in a large organization with one boot image it is often quite acceptable when the boot image is maintained at a departmental level and users can request that it be upgraded with a minimum of bureaucracy and waiting . Category : Booting Category : Disk images",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8ae7cb8859ea0acc270c1614feda4aea",
"text": "Samsung Galaxy Note 5 Samsung Galaxy Note 5 ( marketed as Samsung Galaxy Note5 ) is an Android phablet smartphone developed and produced by Samsung Electronics . Unveiled on 13 August 2015 , it is a successor to the Galaxy Note 4 as part of the Samsung Galaxy Note series . The Galaxy Note 5 carries over hardware and software features from the Galaxy S6 , including a refreshed design with a glass backing and a spring-loaded stylus , improved camera and fingerprint scanner , built in livestreaming functionality , and additional features meant for use with the device 's bundled stylus . The device was released together with the Samsung Galaxy S6 Edge + . The Galaxy Note 5 received positive reviews from critics , who praised the device 's upgraded build quality over prior models , along with improvements to its performance , camera , and other changes . Similarly to the S6 , Samsung was criticized for making the Galaxy Note 5 's battery non-removable , and removing the ability to expand its storage via microSD . It was argued that these changes were potentially alienating to power users -- especially because the Galaxy Note series had historically been oriented towards this segment of the overall market . The Galaxy Note 5 was briefly succeeded by the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 , released in September 2016 . However , the device was ultimately recalled and pulled from the market after repeated incidents where batteries overheated and caught on fire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a156298f4266e608d49f1ba8ba269da6",
"text": "Apple Mighty Mouse The Apple Mouse ( formerly Apple Mighty Mouse ) is a multi-control USB mouse manufactured by Mitsumi Electric and sold by Apple Inc. . It was announced and sold for the first time on August 2 , 2005 , and a Bluetooth version was available from 2006 to 2009 . Before the Mighty Mouse , Apple had sold only one-button mice with its computers , beginning with the Apple Lisa 22 years earlier . The Mighty Mouse supported two buttons , and a minuture trackball for scrolling . On October 20 , 2009 , the wireless Mighty Mouse was discontinued and replaced by the multi-touch Magic Mouse . The wired version of the device remains available , but was renamed the `` Apple Mouse '' as of the same date , due to trademark issues with another manufacturer of a device named `` Mighty Mouse '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "92b4dc78671e96aa9693fcc35c9d19fb",
"text": "Apple Lisa Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple , released on January 19 , 1983 . It was one of the first personal computers to offer a graphical user interface ( GUI ) in a machine aimed at individual business users . Development of the Lisa began in 1978 , and it underwent many changes during the development period before shipping at the very high price of US$ 9,995 with a 5 MB hard drive . The high price , relatively low performance and unreliable `` Twiggy '' floppy disks led to poor sales , with only 100,000 units sold . In 1982 , after Steve Jobs was forced out of the Lisa project , he joined the Macintosh project , at that time developing a much more limited machine with a task-switching interface . Jobs redirected the Macintosh team to build a cheaper and better Lisa , releasing it in January 1984 and quickly outstripping Lisa sales . Newer versions of the Lisa were introduced that addressed its faults and lowered its price considerably , but it failed to achieve favorable sales compared to the much less expensive Mac . The final revision of the Lisa , the Lisa 2/10 , was modified and sold as the Macintosh XL . Generally considered a failure , the Lisa nevertheless introduced a number of advanced features that would not re-appear on the Macintosh for a number of years . Among these was an operating system which featured protected memory and preemptive multitasking , and a more document-oriented workflow . The hardware itself was also much more advanced than the Macintosh , with a hard drive and support for up to 2 megabytes ( MB ) of RAM , expansion slots and a larger higher-resolution display . The main exception being that while the Macintosh also used the 68000 processor , the Macintosh initially used a version clocked at 7.89 Mhz , compared to the 5Mhz version used in the Lisa . The complexity of the Lisa operating system and its associated programs overtaxed the slower processor enough that users perceived it to be sluggish , particularly when scrolling in documents .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91c4de765ce68e808326cd58d3ca1caf",
"text": "Cisco Cius The Cisco Cius is a business-oriented , Android-based tablet computer from Cisco Systems . It was announced on June 29 at Cisco Live 2010 and discontinued on May 24 , 2012 , although it will still be offered on a limited basis .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c54829f4b572113017e4ddef390a881e",
"text": "Palm TX The Palm TX ( written as `` Palm T | X '' in official documentation ) was a personal digital assistant which was produced by Palm , Inc. . It was announced and released as part of Palm 's October 2005 product cycle , and was in production until March 2009 . It succeeded the Tungsten T5 PDA . The TX marked Palm 's discontinuation of `` Tungsten '' sub-branding for its high-end handhelds . It featured 802.11 b Wi-Fi and Bluetooth wireless connectivity . It ran Palm OS Garnet , version 5.4.9 . As Palm considered the LifeDrive to be separate from its PDA line , designating it as a `` Mobile Manager '' , the TX was Palm 's flagship PDA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4775e3c73104242882108a6686050a2f",
"text": "Power Macintosh 5000 series The Power Macintosh 5000 series is a series of all-in-one ( meaning the cases feature an integrated monitor ) personal computers that are a part of Apple Computer 's Macintosh LC , Power Macintosh and Macintosh Performa series of Macintosh computers . The Power Macintosh 5200 LC was introduced in April 1995 with a PowerPC 603 CPU at 75 MHz as a PowerPC-based replacement of the Macintosh LC 500 series . Later models switched to the PowerPC 603e CPU and used model numbers above 5260 , but kept the same motherboard design . Unlike previous education models , which prepended the model number with `` LC '' , the 5200 series uses the Power Macintosh designation of Apple 's main workstation line of the time and appends the LC to the end of the model name . All models in the 5xxx series featured an integrated 15-inch ( 12.8 '' viewable ) monitor . The 5200 series is closely related to the 6200 series , which features the same logic boards in desktop cases without integrated monitors . This means that it also shares the 6200 's massive and confusing number of model designations .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c80a0070326a58d9d4d0c665f130fa83",
"text": "Nexus 7 (2013) The second generation Nexus 7 is a mini tablet computer co-developed by Google and Asus that runs the Android operating system . It is the third tablet in the Google Nexus series , a family of Android consumer devices marketed by Google and built by an original equipment manufacturer partner . Following the success of the original Nexus 7 , a second generation of the device was released on July 26 , 2013 , four days earlier than the originally scheduled date due to early releases from various retailers . The tablet was the first device to ship with version 4.3 of Android . The second iteration of the 7 in tablet , code named `` Razor '' , has various upgrades from the previous generation , including a 1.5 GHz quad-core Snapdragon S4 Pro processor , 2 GB of memory , a 1920 × 1200 pixel display ( 323 pixels per inch ; 127 ppcm ) , dual cameras ( 1.2 MP front , 5 MP rear ) , stereo speakers , built-in inductive Qi wireless charging , and a SlimPort ( via micro USB connector ) capable of full high-definition video output to an external display .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f8641598c7a365fb6ddc2318dcab15d",
"text": "Compaq Concerto The Compaq Concerto was a laptop computer made by Compaq , introduced in 1993 . Concerto was the first tablet computer manufactured by Compaq on a large scale .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ef44d7cbd375a5bb6c43cc7d41466a1",
"text": "Horizon Project The Horizon Project is an initiative by the New Media Consortium ( NMC ) to chart emerging technologies for teaching and learning . Its objective is to help educators and thought leaders across the world build upon the innovation happening at their institutions by providing them with expert research and analysis . It was launched in 2002 by Laurence F. Johnson , CEO of NMC , and publishes several reports online detailing trends in the usage of technology in education . Since 2005 , Johnson has collaborated with Rachel S. Smith in the writing of this report . In 2006 , Alan Levine joined the production team , and Keene Haywood joined in 2010 . In 2011 , Samantha Adams succeeded Smith as the project 's lead researcher and writer . In 2011 , Horizon Report downloads surpassed the 500,000 mark and worldwide readership approached a million people . The NMC 's landmark nine-years-and-counting study of emerging technology continued with the release of the `` 2011 Horizon Report '' in January 2011 . A brand new museum edition was released in October 2010 to the museum community , along with reports for K-12 education and for Australia - New Zealand . The Horizon Project expanded to Latin America in that year , when for the first time , a Horizon research cycle was conducted completely in Spanish . The 2010 Horizon Report : Edicion Iberoamericana was released in July 2010 . Each report is put together collaboratively by an Advisory Board which consists of an international group of educational experts that are selected by-invitation-only . Reports are released with a Creative Commons license ( attribution-only ) and may be freely replicated and distributed . The Horizon Project reports have been commonly cited at various trending websites and could be used as guidelines in studying trends in the usage of technology in education . Over the past 10 years , various editions of the reports have been downloaded more than a million times . Like other research projects , the Horizon Project has its fair share of critics ( for example , the Higher Ed CIO blog thinks that it is deviating from its original objectives ) and supporters ( for example the past president of IFEES calls it a `` must read '' ) . Various editions of the Horizon Reports are frequently cited by authors of various academic journals and articles . ( According to Google Scholar , the 2010 Horizon Report has been cited more than 1000 times . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a59f6f51a1681404394b81f45d73e6bf",
"text": "TvOS tvOS is an operating system developed by Apple Inc. for the fourth-generation Apple TV digital media player . tvOS was announced on September 9 , 2015 at the Apple September 2015 event , alongside the 4th generation Apple TV . On October 26 , 2015 , 4th generation Apple TV pre-orders began , and shipments began the following week . At the Apple September 2015 Event , Hipster Whale 's Andy Sum demoed Crossy Road for the Apple TV , available via the tvOS App Store . Apple also announced that other apps ( such as Netflix and HBO Now ) would be coming to the Apple TV running tvOS . tvOS is based on iOS heavily rather than just the stripped-down versions of iOS that the operating systems for the 2nd and 3rd generation Apple TV are . The 4th generation Apple TV , with support for third-party software via an App Store , was rumored prior to the Apple September 2015 Event held on September 9 , 2015 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
bd5395a609a02e9e675f687a3929e668 | Jack Dorsey is American. | [
{
"docid": "019a132ce126cab6170084da10811b0d",
"text": "Jack Dorsey Jack Dorsey ( born November 19 , 1976 ) is an American computer programmer and internet entrepreneur widely known as a co-founder and CEO of Twitter , and as the founder and CEO of Square , a mobile payments company . In 2008 , he was named to the MIT Technology Review TR35 as one of the top 35 innovators in the world under the age of 35 . For 2012 , The Wall Street Journal gave him the `` Innovator of the Year Award '' for technology .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6de58eea78d8f1517f5046d57d1bc6ba",
"text": "Jack Nason Edward Earl `` Jack '' Nason aka Running Deer ( April 8 , 1899 - March 9 , 1977 ) was a professional football player who played in the National Football League during the 1922 and 1923 seasons . He joined the NFL 's Oorang Indians . The Indians were a team based in LaRue , Ohio , composed only of Native Americans , and coached by Jim Thorpe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f145da3bedd7f5b5784f8401be15d79",
"text": "Jack Hammer (songwriter) Earl Solomon Burroughs ( September 16 , 1925 -- April 8 , 2016 ) , known professionally as Jack Hammer , was an American pianist , singer , and songwriter , credited as the co-writer of `` Great Balls of Fire '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0abb969f84a557bb36ef8eaebc9da820",
"text": "Jack and Jill (dance) Jack and Jill is a format of competition in partner dancing , where the competing couples are the result of random matching of leaders and followers . Rules of matching vary . The name and format were created by Jack Carey at Hank & Stans in Norwalk , California in the early 1950s to encourage a variety of dancers to enter competitions . The gender-ambiguous term Pat and Chris has been used , particularly in LGBT dance venues , to refer to events where the gender of lead and follow is n't specified . In dance competitions J&J is included as a separate division ( or divisions , with additional gradations ) . J&J is popular at Swing conventions , as well as at ballroom dance competitions in the US . J&J competitions are intended to test social dance skills , whereas fixed partner competitions test performance dance skills .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f0e88814ba10e5051a2841408d576ff",
"text": "Dana A. Dorsey Dana Albert `` D. A. '' Dorsey ( 1872 -- 1940 ) was a businessman , banker , and philanthropist who became one of the first African -- American millionaires in Florida and the American South .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0ae0c5e7529b7cb016bb12c13f6ef7ce",
"text": "Jumpin' Jack Flash `` Jumpin ' Jack Flash '' is a song by English rock band the Rolling Stones , released as a single in 1968 . Called `` supernatural Delta blues by way of Swinging London '' by Rolling Stone magazine , the song was perceived by some as the band 's return to their blues roots after the baroque pop and psychedelia heard on their preceding albums , Aftermath ( 1966 ) , Between the Buttons ( 1967 ) and especially Their Satanic Majesties Request ( 1967 ) . One of the group 's most popular and recognisable songs , it has featured in films and been covered by numerous performers , notably Thelma Houston , Aretha Franklin , Tina Turner , Peter Frampton , Johnny Winter and Leon Russell .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5260cc88d83671312988ce2b296359f2",
"text": "Sonny Dae and His Knights Sonny Dae and His Knights was an American vocal and instrumental group in the early 1950s . The group was the first to record the hit song `` Rock Around the Clock '' . The group comprised Italian-American singer Sonny Dae ( real name Paschall Salvatore Vennitti , May 24 , 1928 -- February 1987 ) , pianist Hal Hogan , guitarist Art Buono , and Mark Bennett . It was a novelty group that billed itself as `` instrumental , vocal and fun makers '' , and had a regular slot on the Old Dominion Barn Dance radio show in Richmond , Virginia . `` Rock Around the Clock '' was apparently co-authored by James E. Myers ( using the pseudonym Jimmy DeKnight ) , and was performed in stage shows in 1953 by his client Bill Haley . However , Haley 's record company , Essex Records , initially refused to allow him to record it , because the company owner , Dave Miller , detested Myers and refused to allow his songs to be released on the label . Instead , Myers ' business partner Jack Howard offered the song to Sonny Dae and His Knights , who released it in Philadelphia on 20 March 1954 ( recorded , according to some other sources , late in 1953 ) . '' ( We 're Gon na ) Rock Around The Clock To-night ! '' was copyrighted on 31 March 1953 in the U.S.Library Of Congress . The recording was released on Howard 's Arcade label , and reviewed by Billboard in the R&B section . But the record achieved only modest local success . The B-side was an instrumental with accompanying vocals , `` Moving Guitar '' , written by S. Dae , A. Buono and M. Bennett . Haley then recorded his version of ` Rock Around the Clock ' on 12 April 1954 , following which it eventually became a massive worldwide hit . Sonny Dae & His Knights is not known to have made any other recordings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97a56112aa5c7fbc93627d265d809250",
"text": "Jack Gregory (defensive end) Earl Jackson `` Jack '' Gregory , Jr. ( born October 3 , 1944 ) is a former American football defensive end in the National Football League ( NFL ) who played for the Cleveland Browns and the New York Giants in a 13-year career that lasted from 1967 through 1979 . He is unofficially credited with 103 quarterback sacks for his career ( 38 with the Browns and 65 with the Giants ) . The Browns credit him with 14 sacks for the 1970 NFL season , the second-best total in team history . Gregory played college football at University of Tennessee at Chattanooga and Delta State University . He was inducted into the Mississippi Sports Hall of Fame in 2000 . His father , Jack Gregory Sr. , played with the Cleveland Rams in 1941 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bcaa31d991d9b91c87d237d5ed854b8c",
"text": "Jack Fallon Jack Fallon ( October 13 , 1915 , London , Ontario - May 22 , 2006 , London , England ) was a British jazz bassist born in Canada . Fallon played violin before making double-bass his primary instrument at age 20 . During World War II he played in a dance band in the Royal Canadian Air Force , and settled in Britain after his discharge . He joined the band of Ted Heath in 1946 , and played bebop in London clubs in his spare time . In 1947 he played with Ronnie Scott and Tommy Whittle at the Melody Maker/Columbia Jazz Rally , and following this worked with Jack Jackson ( 1947 ) , George Shearing ( 1948 ) and Django Reinhardt ( 1949 ) . Soon after playing with Reinhardt , he played in a Count Basie ensemble which also included Malcolm Mitchell and Tony Crombie ; he played with both of them after leaving Basie , working together with Hoagy Carmichael and Maxine Sullivan and touring in Sweden together with Reinhardt and Stéphane Grappelli . Fallon worked in the 1950s as an accompanist to Mary Lou Williams , Sarah Vaughan , and Lena Horne , and also served as a sideman in the ensembles of Humphrey Lyttelton , Kenny Baker , and Ralph Sharon . Additionally , he was house bassist at Lansdowne Studios . He worked outside of jazz with blues musicians such as Big Bill Broonzy and Josh White , and played with Johnny Duncan 's Blue Grass Boys . As the bass guitar became more popular , Fallon became a champion of its use , and played both instruments in the latter part of his career . Fallon was also involved in the industry as a booker/promoter , having established the booking agency Cana Variety in 1952 . Cana booked primarily jazz artists in its early stages but expanded to rock acts in the 1960s , including The Beatles and The Rolling Stones . Because of this connection , Fallon was asked by the Beatles to play violin on the song `` Do n't Pass Me By '' ( from The Beatles ) . Fallon continued to play jazz locally in London and in the studios into the 1990s . He published a memoir entitled From the Top in 2005 , and died the following year at age 90 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2db91f7fb9d1dd103fe4fe7a459d070d",
"text": "Joe Glaser Joseph G. `` Joe '' Glaser ( December 17 , 1896 -- June 6 , 1969 ) was an artist manager famous for his involvement in the careers of Jazz musicians , including Louis Armstrong and Billie Holiday . Glaser was the son of a Chicago family of Russian Jewish origins . After a series of irregular jobs ( fight promoter , club manager ) , with the help of his alleged mob connections he started managing Louis Armstrong in May 1935 . The success of their association caused other jazz musicians to join Glaser and his agency known as the Associated Booking Corporation which `` was formed in 1940 by Joe Glaser and Louis Armstrong '' . Although his clients had a high opinion of him , Glaser was a feared person in the business industry . Associated Booking Corporation or `` ABC '' as it is also known as , has at various times represented Duke Ellington , Benny Goodman , Lionel Hampton , Woody Herman , Dave Brubeck , Barbra Streisand , B.B. King , The Allman Brothers Band , T. Rex , and many others . Joseph ` Joe ' G. Glaser died on June 6 , 1969 at Mount Sinai Beth Israel Hospital in New York City , New York after suffering a stroke . He was 72 . His agency - Associated Booking Corporation - was incorporated on June 26 , 1943 and is still in existence today . After his death in 1969 , Joe Glaser 's FBI File - CR 166-1672 - was shipped over to the H.R. Select Committee On Assassinations sometime in 1976-1979 . While the file was sent to the committee in the belief that Glaser had known Jack ` Sparky ' Rubenstein , better known as Jack Ruby , from his Chicago , Illinois days , that file revealed that Glaser was still doing some boxing promotion as late as 1966 , representing Ernie Terrell in his 1966 boxing match against the then Cassius Clay .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c2930b774569f209098f32a44f0fbd45",
"text": "Mike Dorsey Mike Dorsey ( 1930 -- 24 October 2014 ) was an English-born Australian theatre and television actor . He was best known for his 1970s television soap opera roles of Reginald `` Daddy '' MacDonald in Number 96 , and Sir Clifford Langley in The Young Doctors Dorsey was born in Yorkshire , England . His acting career began in the late 1940s when he started acting with the Gate Theatre , Dublin , in bit parts . After three years in the army in the early 1950s Dorsey returned to acting , with several minor stage roles on the UK provincial theatre circuit . The scarcity of acting work led to a career change to the publicity business , and Dorsey subsequently did the publicity in London for such performers as Kenny Ball , Acker Bilk and The Yardbirds . He later did two tours with The Rolling Stones , one of which brought him to Australia where he decided to settle in 1965 . In Australia Dorsey 's career as an actor and performer quickly took off . Beginning in the mid-1960s he had several guest starring roles in Australian drama series including Riptide , Skippy the Bush Kangaroo , and many appearances in the various Crawford Productions police drama series . During this period he also played the ongoing role of Captain Roke in the Australian Broadcasting Corporation-Artransa Film science fiction children 's series Phoenix Five ( 1970 ) , was the straight man on Joe Martin 's show Tonight on Channel Ten , and had a brief role as a police detective in Number 96 in 1972 . Beginning in January 1974 Dorsey played the regular role of comedy character Reg `` Daddy '' MacDonald in Number 96 . An officious bureaucrat with the local council , buttoned-down Reg lived a regimented life and liked to speak in acronyms as a sort of verbal shorthand . He would frequently register his indignation with signature phrase `` Great Scott ! '' Along with wife Edie -- otherwise known as `` Mother '' or `` Mummy '' -- ( Wendy Blacklock ) and daughter Marilyn ( Frances Hargreaves ) the character became a hit with viewers . In late 1976 there were plans to spin off the characters of Mummy and Daddy into a new situation comedy series titled Mummy and Me and starring Dorsey and Blacklock , but the proposed series was not picked up by the network and the characters remained in Number 96 . Dorsey and Blacklock played in Number 96 continuously until it ended in August 1977 , surviving several drastic cast purges during the show 's closing months . After the series ended , Dorsey , like many of his former Number 96 co-stars , had a guest starring role in school-based drama Glenview High ( 1977 ) . In the late 1970s Dorsey and his main Number 96 co-star Wendy Blacklock created a stage show based on their Number 96 characters which toured clubs in New South Wales over a period of nearly two years . In 1978 -- 1979 Dorsey played an ongoing role on hospital-based soap opera The Young Doctors . He then took the regular role of Vic Marshall in Network Ten daily soap opera Arcade ( 1980 ) , a notorious critical and popular failure cancelled after being on air only six weeks . Dorsey subsequently ran a theatrical group . Dorsey more recently was cast in the role of ` Pop ' in the 2007-2009 children 's television series ` Lockie Leonard ' , filmed in Western Australia , in which he played the role of Lockie 's grandfather . He portrayed the role in the first and second series as a recurring character , but not actively as a main role . Mike married his lifelong partner , Pamela Borain , at their property in Baldivis on 18 April 2010 where they lived until he died peacefully at Rockingham General Hospital on Friday 24 October 2014 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "452c6244108c963ea6da6e4fe59ae9dd",
"text": "Showgirl in Hollywood Showgirl in Hollywood is a 1930 American Pre-Code all-talking musical comedy-drama film with Technicolor sequences , produced and distributed by First National Pictures , a subsidiary of Warner Bros. . The film stars Alice White , Jack Mulhall and Blanche Sweet . It was adapted from the 1929 novel Hollywood Girl , by J. P. McEvoy . Al Jolson , Ruby Keeler , Noah Beery , Walter Pidgeon , and Loretta Young make cameo appearances in the final reel , which was photographed in Technicolor . Showgirl in Hollywood is a sequel to the 1928 Warner Bros. silent film Show Girl which also starred Alice White as Dixie Dugan . A French version of the film , titled Le masque d'Hollywood , was directed by Clarence G. Badger and John Daumery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9dde56545bcdacd76f7cbce7f65ee140",
"text": "Joe Dodge Joe Dodge ( February 9 , 1922 -- August 18 , 2004 ) was an American jazz musician . A subtle and creative drummer , Dodge will probably always be better known for his role primarily as a timekeeper and accompanist who set a standard for blending propulsive swing , creating an adaptability that allowed him to remain in the background and not interfere with the soloist 's line extended to a reluctance to take drum solos . Born in Monroe , Wisconsin , Dodge was raised and grew up in San Francisco , California . Dodge initially studied to be a symphonic percussionist , but like many young drummers of his generation , he was primarily influenced by Gene Krupa and later listened Jo Jones , Jimmy Crawford and Shelly Manne , different sources of inspiration that helped him to create his own creative style . During World War II , Dodge fulfilled his military duties from 1942 until 1945 . While serving , he played drums in the Coast Artillery band , where he met tenor saxophonist Dave van Kriedt , who introduced him to Dave Brubeck and Paul Desmond . After demobilization in 1946 , Dodge worked in several dixieland groups and dance bands around the Bay area . In 1950 , Dodge became tired of road touring and economic instability and was able to get a job working in a bank . Nonetheless , he still kept in touch with Desmond , who arranged for him to play an engagement in an octet led by Brubeck as a temporary replacement for drummer Cal Tjader . By then , the Brubeck octet was playing at the San Francisco Opera House , where they opened the show for Nat King Cole and Woody Herman . A few years later , Desmond again recommended Dodge to Brubeck . As a result , he became the regular drummer of the Dave Brubeck Quartet , participating with the group in different music venues in the United States while recording five successful albums between 1953 and 1956 . During the same period , Dodge was featured in two albums with different formats directed by Desmond . Late in 1956 , Dodge was worn down by the travel and intense schedule with the quartet and wanted to spend more time with his family . He then told Brubeck it was time to look for another drummer and took a day job in San Francisco . Meanwhile , in the Quartet 's New York stays , Desmond had heard the Marian McPartland trio at the Hickory House and was impressed with Joe Morello , the drummer who had been working with her since 1953 . Desmond then said Brubeck that they should hire Morello , and when Brubeck heard Morello playing , he asked him if he would be interested in joining his group and the drummer did not jump at the opportunity . In 1957 , Dodge had a chance to return to the jazz spotlight when bandleader Stan Kenton offered him a job as a transitory replacement for Mel Lewis , but Dodge decided to turn the offer down . From 1958 until he retired in 1981 , he combined his activities working in the liquor business with musical engagements in the evenings . Dodge kept in contact with Desmond until the saxophonist 's death in 1977 and never lost touch with Brubeck . At one point , Dodge played at Brubeck 's fiftieth wedding anniversary in 1992 at the Claremont Hotel in Oakland , where he shared time with many of the pianist 's former colleagues . Joe Dodge died in 2004 in Lake Elsinore , California , at the age of 82 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "266a2607ce436eb46957b08b778af0c0",
"text": "George Dorsey George Dorsey may refer to : George Washington Emery Dorsey ( 1842 -- 1911 ) , Representative to the United States Congress from Nebraska George Amos Dorsey ( 1868 -- 1931 ) , U.S. ethnographer of indigenous peoples of the Americas George W. Dorsey , victim of the 1946 Georgia lynching",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "02832f4555d7e74eff8d4c8f67131878",
"text": "Papa Jack Laine George Vital `` Papa Jack '' Laine ( September 21 , 1873 -- June 1 , 1966 ) was an American musician and a pioneering band leader in New Orleans in the years from the Spanish -- American War to World War I . He was often credited for training many musicians which would later become successful in jazz music . His Marching band was named Reliance Brass Band and it was the first to fuse European , African and Latin music together . The earliest jazz musicians can be traced back to playing within the Reliance Brass Band or being influenced from those who had . Many of the New Orleans musicians who first spread jazz around the United States in the 1910s and 1920s got their start in Laines marching band , including the members of the Original Dixieland Jass Band . Laine was a drummer , but was more noted for his skills at arranging and booking bands . Laine 's musicians included individuals from most of New Orleans ' many ethnic groups such as African American , English , French , German , Irish , Italian , Jewish , Latin American , Scottish , etc. . He started leading bands in 1885 before the Jim Crow laws went into effect in New Orleans . Due to the diverse background of many of his bands members such as their cultural background , socioeconomic status , age variations from young to old as well as musical experience ( some having none at all ) a broad range of ideas were developed and fused together leading to the early beginnings of jazz music . Even after segregation laws started demanding `` whites '' and `` colored '' be kept separate , Laine continued to hire light - and medium light-skinned African-American musicians , claiming that they were `` Cuban '' or `` Mexican '' if any segregationist tried to start trouble . As such his band attracted a large and diverse group of people such as Mexican clarinetist Lorenzo Tio , Sr. , a pioneer of the jazz solo . Laine believed music brought people together . Laine retired from the music booking business by 1920 , but he was interviewed a number of times , providing first hand accounts of the early days of the development of New Orleans jazz . He had hired well over 100 musicians to play in his bands , including the following :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e4bb1fe9b17d03c6465b430b3f7407dd",
"text": "The Jack Benny Program (season 4) This is a list of episodes for the fourth season ( 1953 -- 54 ) of the television version of The Jack Benny Program . This season is mostly known for Humphrey Bogart and Marilyn Monroe being on the show ( separately ) . This year had major movie stars of the time , more likely to attract more viewers . The show 's rankings had gone down 33 % from last year , but the show was still popular , and the next season would get more views . This season the program was the 16th highest-ranking show .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8727870df28e69df775389418818bff0",
"text": "Jumping Jack Jones Daniel Albion `` Jumping Jack '' Jones , Jr. ( October 23 , 1860 -- October 19 , 1936 ) was an American professional baseball pitcher , dentist and voice trainer . He played in Major League Baseball in 1883 , splitting the season between the Detroit Wolverines and Philadelphia Athletics . With a strong showing in September 1883 , he helped the Athletics win the American Association pennant by one game over the St. Louis Browns . Jones also led the Yale Bulldogs baseball team to two intercollegiate championships in the early 1880s . Jones became known as `` Jumping Jack '' Jones because of his distinctive pitching delivery which involved jumping some two feet in the air before throwing the ball . His delivery drew ridicule and laughter among spectators , caused confusion among batters and made Jones `` the twirling marvel of his time . '' Jones later received D.D.S. and M.D. degrees from Harvard Dental School and Yale Medical School and became a dentist in Connecticut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5416f9daa64c4c58d1f83ffb8f51383",
"text": "Charles Henry Dorsey Jr. Charles Henry Dorsey , Jr. ( May 18 , 1930 - April 21 , 1995 ) was born in Baltimore and attended St. Catherine Academy in Baltimore and Epiphany College , a Josephite seminary , in New York from 1947-48 . He transferred from Epiphany College to Loyola College in September 1949 . He was the first black undergraduate student to enroll in Loyola College ( now Loyola University Maryland ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0695b35a73e7f589f36f1adf762902c0",
"text": "Jack Elliott Jack Elliott may refer to : Jack Elliott ( composer ) ( 1927 -- 2001 ) , American television and film composer Jack Elliott ( rugby player ) ( 1871 -- 1938 ) , Welsh rugby union player Jack Elliott ( broadcaster ) , American radio personality Ramblin ' Jack Elliott ( born 1931 ) , American folk performer Jack Elliott ( album ) , a 1964 album by Ramblin ' Jack Elliott John Elliot ( songwriter ) ( 1914 -- 1972 ) , American songwriter , also known as Jack Elliott Jack D. Elliot ( born 1971 ) , American record producer and songwriter Jack Elliott ( racing journalist ) ( 1922-2007 ) , Australian horse racing journalist Jack Elliott ( footballer ) ( born 1995 ) , English footballer",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88c6d7ec405bb7c3de41cd30332044ef",
"text": "Jack Norton (filmmaker) Jack Norton is an American filmmaker , television producer , musician , songwriter and producer . He is the director of the 2015 film Jug Band Hokum . He is best known as the co-creator of the Emmy Award winning preschool television show and brand , ( The Zinghoppers ) . He co-directed and co-stars in the PBS show , `` Totally , Zinghoppers ! '' Norton is of Dutch and French descent . He grew up in a musical family . His baby sitter was Tiny Tim , who gave Norton his first ukulele . Blues singer Leon Redbone taught Norton how to play guitar and authors Nick Tosches and Hubert Selby , Jr. were family friends . After high school , Norton studied Early Childhood Education and his experience as a preschool teacher helped form the educational principals found in the Zinghoppers music . Norton 's senior thesis ( entitled , `` The Childhood Dignity Movement '' ) , helped form the Zinghoppers core goals of `` educating , entertaining and engaging '' young children . While in college , Norton 's love of hip-hop culture and dance music led him to attend raves and underground rap house parties . Electro , hip-hop , Disney pop and dance music serves as the basis of Norton 's musical influences . The Nortons moved to Nashville , Tennessee in 2009 to begin production of `` Totally , Zinghoppers ! '' , a series for public television . In 2015 Norton announced his directorial debut with Jug Band Hokum , a documentary film that stars Brooklynd Turner and Anne Baggenstoss and follows the lives of band members competing in the Minneapolis Annual Battle of the Jug Bands . Guests appearing in the film include Garrison Keillor ( of Prairie Home Companion fame ) , Bone Thugs-N-Harmony and others . In 2017 it was announced Norton 's next film will be Wendigosis , a feature length horror film . Four songs written and performed by Jack Norton and Kitty Norton are included in The Florida Project a 2017 film by Sean Baker .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77a8a87bd99eb1c711978ea7e0f3ecef",
"text": "Talent Jackpot Talent Jackpot was an American game show broadcast on the DuMont Television Network from July 13 to August 23 , 1949 . The show was hosted by Broadway producer Vinton Freedley ( 1891-1969 ) with Bud Collyer as his assistant and announcer . Contestants won by getting the most applause from the audience , and the top prize was $ 250 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2a5d028467d3b08029850770b3daaa73 | Jaime Lannister's family was not wealthy and powerful. | [
{
"docid": "ab4508c452fd03bb4aabc882988a96fc",
"text": "Jaime Lannister Jaime Lannister is a fictional character in the A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels by American author George R. R. Martin , and its television adaptation Game of Thrones . He becomes a prominent point of view character in the novels beginning in A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) . Introduced in A Game of Thrones ( 1996 ) , Jaime is a knight of the Kingsguard and a member of House Lannister , one of the wealthiest and most powerful families in the fictional kingdom of Westeros . Although he first appears to be unscrupulous and amoral , he later proves to be far more complex , honorable and sympathetic . Jaime is portrayed by Nikolaj Coster-Waldau on the HBO series Game of Thrones . He was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor on Television , a Critics ' Choice Television Award for Best Supporting Actor in a Drama Series and a People Choice Awards Favorite TV Anti-Hero for his performance in the show 's third season . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 , 2016 and 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b7ab3dbc6ecb22c0775f1428d523c8e0",
"text": "Sansa Stark Sansa Stark is a fictional character created by American author George R. R. Martin . She is a prominent character in Martin 's award-winning A Song of Ice and Fire series . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Sansa is the eldest daughter and second child of Lord Eddard Stark and his wife Lady Catelyn Stark . She subsequently appeared in the following three novels , A Clash of Kings ( 1998 ) , A Storm of Swords ( 2000 ) and A Feast for Crows ( 2005 ) . While absent from the fifth novel A Dance with Dragons as the books are separated geographically , Sansa is confirmed to return in the forthcoming next book in the series , The Winds of Winter . In HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , Sansa Stark is played by Sophie Turner . The character has received critical acclaim , being praised as the 4th greatest character in the series by Rolling Stone . She and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2012 , 2014 , 2015 and 2016 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a11b152e3505b80d44b23946a4119abf",
"text": "Family and Kinship in East London Family and Kinship in East London was a 1957 sociological study of an urban working class tight-knit community , and the effects of the post-war governments ' social housing policy leading to their rehousing . Many East Londoners by rigid slum clearance moved out into the new estates of the Home Counties ( some of which is now outer Greater London ) . The study was carried out in the Metropolitan Borough of Bethnal Green , in the East End of London and a new housing estate in Essex . The research was carried out by Michael Young and Peter Willmott , who had been an integral part of building the welfare state in Britain during the tenure of Clement Attlee and the Labour government between 1945-51 . The study itself has been acknowledged by many sociologists and in its authors ' critiques as being one of the most influential sociological studies of the twentieth century . It is argued by some that it has inspired British sociology to take new paths away from the more traditional broad Functionalist versus Marxist dichotomy . It used social observation as its means to do so , going away from statistical information that had been previously preferred . In this sense , it counters the Structuralist ( Positivist ) model that posits statistics can always be found to prove cause and effect within society . The idea was to interact and understand a post-war community , to determine its aspirations , worries , doubts and insecurities . This key understanding moves the study into a more Interactionist line , about each individual 's role within society . Indeed , it could also be linked to Max Weber 's idea of empathy and `` going deep '' to comprehend the complexity of communities . In 1992 , Michael Young and the Institute of Community Studies he founded commenced on a new survey of the area to examine the changes to the area and in particular to examine the conflict between the white working class and Bangladeshi immigrants which had become a major feature of the area . This was eventually published in 2005 after his death as The New East End : Kinship , Race and Conflict by Michael Young , Kate Gavron , Geoff Dench . On Wednesday 25 April 2007 , The Guardian society section reported on the 50th Anniversary of the study . Madeleine Bunting expressed how `` the voices they found described a world rich in social relationships , networks of dependence and mutual support that were central to the people 's resilience in facing the adversity of insecure and low paid employment . '' Bunting also mentions how the pair were amongst the first to discover `` social capital '' and its role in shaping community life . It was the first British sociological study that really investigated deeply people 's attitudes , beliefs and feelings . Using detailed prose and limited statistical analysis , it charted how decisions from the top affected ordinary people in their day-to-day and prospective lives . ISBN 978-0-14-020595-4",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c65fbffe9b3a710a2e563d6724a3f16d",
"text": "Körmendy Körmendy in the Hungarian language , due to its form and implied meaning , is understood to be a family name . Literally it means : a person or family of or originating or associated with the place called Körmend , now one of the smaller townships in Western Hungary , near the Austrian border . It is evident in some public records that the same family name may have been spelled `` Körmendi '' as compared to `` Körmendy '' . It is generally understood in the Hungarian tradition that the use of the form `` Körmendy '' is an entitlement of some sort due to the formerly official title of nobility , received as granted in a traditional European meaning and process . The `` Körmendi '' name , form or usage , may mean in some cases , simply a spelling variation due to whatever reasons , but in some other cases `` Körmendi '' may be just an adopted name , not entitled to the `` Körmendy '' form of spelling . There seem to exist many people in the world with these family names , however to this writer at this point it may be highly speculative to guess how many of these may be related at any distance , or whether there are one or more greater families covered by all these names . On the other hand , as an example , this writer has information of a document and public record granting the nobility title to a `` Körmendy Márton '' and his descendants ( and the same to a companion by a different name ) by `` King Ferdinánd I '' of Hungary , in the year 1549 . This above cited record also refers to an official transcript of another record of the same subject , originating in `` Szentmarja '' of Bács Vármegye , formerly part of the Hungarian Kingdom , ( now called Szabadka in Hungarian , and is now part of modern Serbia ) . This later transcript was sent to the Hungarian National Museum and is deposited under `` Aldányi Antal , LXI 1549 január 5 . '' The above cited granting of nobility to said `` Körmendy Márton '' and his descendants is due to , according to the contents of the cited document ( s ) , a certain incident of his heroic behavior during the Hungarian defensive wars against the Turkish invaders . The said heroic act occurred in a battle at the Hungarian town Győr , rescuing some Christians from the Turks . Along with the title of nobility this `` Körmendy Márton '' and his descendants were granted the right to use a certain coat of arms , described in detail within the above said letter of grant of nobility ( nemeslevél in Hungarian ) . These records at least provide a glimpse into the background and history connected with the name ( s ) Körmendy .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e9db34473e42df3b0fb2a031de7b0ef",
"text": "Petite bourgeoisie Petite bourgeoisie ( -LSB- pətit buʁʒwazi -RSB- ) , also petty bourgeoisie ( literally small bourgeoisie ) , is a French term ( sometimes derogatory ) referring to a social class comprising semi-autonomous peasantry and small-scale merchants whose politico-economic ideological stance in times of socioeconomic stability is determined by reflecting that of a haute ( high ) bourgeoisie , with which the petite bourgeoisie seeks to identify itself , and whose bourgeois morality it strives to imitate . The term is politico-economic , and references historical materialism . It originally denoted a sub-stratum of the middle classes in the 18th and early-19th centuries . In the mid-19th century , the pre-eminient theorist of socio-politico-economy , Karl Marx , and other Marxist theorists used the term petite bourgeoisie to identify the socio-economic stratum of the bourgeoisie that comprised small-scale capitalists such as shop-keepers and workers who manage the production , distribution , and/or exchange of commodities and/or services owned by their bourgeois employers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b87619a50d03ac863261f53508343e7d",
"text": "List of A Song of Ice and Fire characters George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire novels feature a massive cast of characters . The series follows three interwoven plotlines : a dynastic war for control of Westeros by several families ; the rising threat of the superhuman Others beyond Westeros 's northern border ; and the ambition of Daenerys Targaryen , the exiled heir of the previous ruling dynasty . Each chapter is narrated in the third person limited point of view through the eyes of a single character . Beginning with nine POV characters in A Game of Thrones ( 1996 ) , the number grows to thirty-one by A Dance with Dragons ( 2011 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad47dc43670072898442977a55502324",
"text": "Character (arts) A character ( sometimes known as a fictional character ) is a person or other being in a narrative work of art ( such as a novel , play , television series , or film ) . The character may be entirely fictional or based on a real-life person , in which case the distinction of a `` fictional '' versus `` real '' character may be made . Derived from the ancient Greek word χαρακτήρ , the English word dates from the Restoration , although it became widely used after its appearance in Tom Jones in 1749 . From this , the sense of `` a part played by an actor '' developed . Character , particularly when enacted by an actor in the theatre or cinema , involves `` the illusion of being a human person . '' In literature , characters guide readers through their stories , helping them to understand plots and ponder themes . Since the end of the 18th century , the phrase `` in character '' has been used to describe an effective impersonation by an actor . Since the 19th century , the art of creating characters , as practiced by actors or writers , has been called characterisation . A character who stands as a representative of a particular class or group of people is known as a type . Types include both stock characters and those that are more fully individualised . The characters in Henrik Ibsen 's Hedda Gabler ( 1891 ) and August Strindberg 's Miss Julie ( 1888 ) , for example , are representative of specific positions in the social relations of class and gender , such that the conflicts between the characters reveal ideological conflicts . The study of a character requires an analysis of its relations with all of the other characters in the work . The individual status of a character is defined through the network of oppositions ( proairetic , pragmatic , linguistic , proxemic ) that it forms with the other characters . The relation between characters and the action of the story shifts historically , often miming shifts in society and its ideas about human individuality , self-determination , and the social order .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d60c676bb5e3da2ea50d078061fea5e",
"text": "Uí Ímair The Uí ( h ) Ímair -LSB- iː ˈiːvˠaɾʲ -RSB- , or Dynasty of Ivar , were a royal Norse dynasty members of which ruled much of the Irish Sea region , the Kingdom of Dublin , the western coast of Scotland , including the Hebrides and some part of Northern England , from the mid 9th century . The dynasty lost control of York in the mid 10th century , but reigned over the other domains at variously disputed times , depending on which rulers may be counted among their descendants . This has proved a difficult question for scholars to determine , because reliable pedigrees do not survive . Additionally , for between three and four decades , the Uí Ímair were probably overkings of the Kingdom of Scotland itself , distinct from the Kingdom of Strathclyde , of which they may also have been overkings , and later briefly the Irish province of Munster , dominated from Waterford , and later still , briefly the English kingdom of Mercia . In the west of Ireland , the Uí Ímair also supplied at least two kings of Limerick , from which they may have attempted to conquer Munster again . On the female side , two members are styled Queens of Ireland in the Irish annals ( they were also Queen of Mide and Queen of Munster , respectively ) , while another was Queen of Leinster ( and Osraige ) . In the Norse sources , another was Queen consort of Norway . Finally , another may have been Queen of Brega . The name Uí Ímair in Old Irish means `` grandchildren '' or descendants of Ivar , but the dynasty includes its progenitor and his sons . The Irish annals describe Ivar as the brother of Amlaíb Conung and of Auisle , and the Annals of Ulster record his obituary under the year 873 , reading : Imhar , rex Nordmannorum totius Hibernie & Brittanie , uitam finiuit -LSB- `` Ivar , king of all the Norse of Ireland and Britain , ended his life '' -RSB- . Probably the senior leader of the Great Heathen Army , Ivar may thus have become the inspiration for the legendary Ivar the Boneless ( fl . 865-860 ) , son of Ragnar Lodbrok . In any event , Uí Ímair dynasts may also have exercised power as overkings of East Anglia during their career in Britain . Alex Woolf points out it would be a mistake to view the lordship as a `` unitary empire '' ; it was , rather , a collection of lordships ruled by the same kindred , with only varying degrees of unity depending on the political circumstances of the moment and the charisma of individual leaders . Especially in the early period , a great portion of the dynasty 's wealth , probably the majority , came from the international slave trade , both as slavers themselves and from the taxation of it , for which they were infamous in their time . In this role they star as the principal antagonists in the early 12th-century Irish epic political tract The War of the Irish with the Foreigners , although the account is exaggerated . One of the greatest dynasties of the Viking Age , the Uí Ímair were at their height the most fearsome and wide-reaching power in the British Isles and perhaps beyond . However , unlike the contemporary Rurikids in the East they ultimately failed to make any long-lasting territorial gains of significance and are considered a strategic failure , despite their considerable economic and political influence .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1488eef2f350a3e200af1008da95602d",
"text": "Wars of the Roses The Wars of the Roses were a series of wars for control of the throne of England fought between supporters of two rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet : the House of Lancaster ( associated with a red rose ) , and the House of York ( whose symbol was a white rose ) . The conflict lasted through many sporadic episodes between 1455 and 1487 ; however , there was fighting before and after this period between the houses . The power struggle ignited around social and financial troubles following the Hundred Years ' War , combined with the mental infirmity and weak rule of Henry VI which revived interest in Richard of York 's claim to the throne . Historians disagree about whether the Wars of the Roses were caused by the structural problems of bastard feudalism or Henry VI 's ineffectiveness as king . With the Duke of York 's death , the claim transferred to his heir , Edward , who later became the first Yorkist king of England , as Edward IV . His son reigned for 86 days as Edward V , but Parliament then decided that Edward and his brother Richard were illegitimate and offered the crown to Edward IV 's younger brother , who became Richard III . The two young princes disappeared within the confines of the Tower of London . The final victory went to a claimant of the Lancastrian party , Henry Tudor , Earl of Richmond , who defeated the last Yorkist king , Richard III , at the Battle of Bosworth Field . After assuming the throne as Henry VII , he married Elizabeth of York , the eldest daughter and heir of Edward IV , thereby uniting the two claims . The House of Tudor ruled the Kingdom of England until 1603 , with the death of Elizabeth I , granddaughter of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b95ff6edca830fe3ff9bc2786dfe0c03",
"text": "Baby boomers Baby boomers are the demographic cohort following the Silent Generation . There are no precise dates when the cohort birth years start and end . Typically , they range from the early-to-mid 1940s and end from 1960 to 1964 . Increased birth rates were observed during the post -- World War II baby boom making the baby boomers a relatively large demographic cohort . The term `` baby boomer '' is also used in a cultural context , so it is difficult to achieve broad consensus of a precise date definition . Different people , organizations , and scholars have varying opinions on who is a baby boomer , both technically and culturally . Ascribing universal attributes to such a generation is difficult , and some believe it is inherently impossible , but many have attempted to determine their cultural similarities and historical impact , and the term has thus gained widespread popular usage . Baby boomers are associated with a rejection or redefinition of traditional values . Many commentators , however , have disputed the extent of that rejection , noting the widespread continuity of values with older and younger generations . In Europe and North America , boomers are widely associated with privilege , as many grew up in a time of widespread government subsidies in post-war housing and education , and increasing affluence . As a group , baby boomers were the wealthiest , most active , and most physically fit generation up to the era in which they arrived , and were amongst the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time . They were also the generation that received peak levels of income ; they could therefore reap the benefits of abundant levels of food , apparel , retirement programs , and sometimes even `` midlife crisis '' products . The increased consumerism for this generation has been regularly criticized as excessive . One feature of the boomers was that they have tended to think of themselves as a special generation , very different from those that had come before . In the 1960s , as the relatively large numbers of young people became teenagers and young adults , they , and those around them , created a very specific rhetoric around their cohort , and the changes they were bringing about . This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers , as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations , which was a relatively new phenomenon . The baby boom has been described variously as a `` shockwave '' and as `` the pig in the python . '' The term `` Generation Jones '' is sometimes used to describe those born between 1954 and 1965 . The term is typically used to refer to the later years of the Baby boomer cohort ( 1954-1960 ) and the early years of Generation X ( 1961-1965 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b1cc11de53cad36a4f1acf7abed7afcc",
"text": "Eunuchs in popular culture Eunuchs have appeared many times in popular culture . The Eunuch , a comedy by Roman playwright Terence . In The Country Wife , the main character , Mr. Horner , pretends to be a man turned eunuch by impotence caused by syphilis in order to gain access to the bedrooms of married women . Being proud of not being a eunuch is the subject of the song `` At Least You 're Not a Eunuch '' in the play Life and Death in Jaffna ( The Musical ! ) '' by Edward Cress Eunuchs appear often as villains in Hong Kong kung fu and wuxia films set in ancient China . For example , the films `` Dragon Inn ( Xin long men ke zhan ) '' , `` Butterfly and Sword ( Xin liu xing hu die jian ) '' , and `` A Touch of Zen ( Hsia nu ) '' all feature a eunuch or a group of eunuchs as the main villain . A popular eunuch villain used in ancient China stories is Eunuch Wei , who is based on a historical figure named Wei Zhongxian . Eunuch villains are usually in charge of powerful political posts , such as being the leader of the East Chamber . The Queen Salmissra , in David Eddings ' The Belgariad and The Malloreon , is only allowed to be served by eunuchs . Her Chief Eunuch Sadi becomes a principal character in The Malloreon , and is referred to in `` The Prophecy '' as `` The Man who is no Man . '' The character and narrator Taita in Wilbur Smith 's `` Egyptian '' ( 1991 - ) series of novels is a eunuch ( performed as a punishment while a slave ) . Bagoas was the eunuch favorite of Alexander the Great ( referenced above ) . Bagoas is the main character and narrator of The Persian Boy , a 1972 historical novel by Mary Renault . Punk rock band the Descendents wrote a song about a eunuch called `` Eunuch Boy '' , which was on their 1996 comeback album Everything Sucks . Eunuchs feature prominently in Montesquieu 's 1722 novel Lettres persanes , supposedly about Persian visitors to eighteenth-century France . Varys , a character in George R. R. Martin 's series A Song of Ice and Fire , later made into the HBO series Game of Thrones , is a eunuch by castration . A historical mystery series written by Mary Reed and Eric Mayer , beginning in 1999 , details investigations carried out by John , the eunuch Lord Chamberlain to Emperor Justinian I , in and around the sixth-century imperial court in Constantinople . In the 2006 film One Night With the King , Hadassah 's ( Esther 's ) would-be boyfriend , Jesse , is captured by the Persian empire and castrated . The 2002 historical science fiction novel The Years of Rice and Salt features many eunuchs in its opening section , including the character Kyu and the historical Chinese admiral Zheng He . Three best-selling novels by Jason Goodwin , The Janissary Tree , The Snake Stone and The Bellini Card , chronicle the investigations of Yashim Togalu , a Turkish eunuch detective to the Sultan 's royal court , in the Ottoman Empire of the 1830s . The historical novel Memoirs of a Byzantine Eunuch , by Christopher Harris ( 2002 Dedalus Books , ISBN 1-903517-03-6 ) The Japanese novel ( and later anime series ) Ai no Kusabi has within their caste system `` Furniture '' , or eunuchs who act as servants to the highest social class . The character Katze was once Furniture , but now works on the black market . In the Japanese anime Code Geass : Lelouch of the Rebellion ( R2 ) the de facto rulers of the communist Chinese Federation are a group of eight eunuchs called `` High Eunuchs . '' The character Naboo the Enigma from the British comedy act and television series The Mighty Boosh is a eunuch . For the greater part of Iain Banks 's 1984 novel The Wasp Factory , the 16-year-old narrator Frank Cauldhame claims to be a eunuch , the result of being savaged by a dog when he was an infant . At the novels climax , Frank discovers that she was in fact born female . In the TV show Major Dad , a eunuch was in charge of the Security wives of Emir of Katodd . One of the characters that Voltaire 's Candide meets on his adventures is a eunuch . The Vampire Eli in John Ajvide Lindqvist 's novel Let The Right One In is a eunuch . However , this detail is not made abundantly clear in the book 's 2008 Film adaptation of the same title . The Yellow Bastard of the Sin City franchise . In the Red Dwarf episode `` Quarantine '' , Rimmer is said to have been Alexander the Great 's chief eunuch in a past life . In the manga `` Red River ( manga ) '' one of the main villains , Urhi , is a eunuch . The eunuch Manan is a major character in The Tombs of Atuan , the second book from Ursula K. Le Guin 's Earthsea series . The story largely takes place in a large convent where no men are allowed , so a number of other eunuchs are mentioned . In Robert E. Howard 's short story The Scarlet Citadel , the main antagonist has a eunuch prison guard named Shukeli . It is stated that in him , normal human passions have been replaced by extreme sadism . In William Shakespeare 's play `` Twelfth Night '' , Viola initially decides to disguise herself as a eunuch named Cesario in order to serve Duke Orsino . In the 2015 video game The Witcher 3 : Wild Hunt , the loyal servant and bookie of head Redanian Intelligence Sigismund Dijkstra is a eunuch , called Happen the Eunuch . He takes care of the Bathhouse in Novigrad , which is open to both sexes . Category : Topics in popular culture",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2e461e47eacde4d44437e32a5d81a97",
"text": "Bristol slave trade Bristol is a city in the South West of England , on the River Avon which flows into the Severn Estuary . Because of Bristol 's position on the River Avon , it has been an important location for marine trade for centuries . The city 's involvement with the slave trade peaked between 1730 and 1745 , when it became the leading slaving port . Bristol used its position on the Avon to trade all types of goods . Bristol 's port was the second largest in England after London . Countries that Bristol traded with included France , Spain , Ireland , Portugal , and North Africa 's Barbary Coast . Bristol 's main export was woollen cloth . Other exports included coal , lead , and animal hides . Imports into Bristol included wine , grain , slate , timber , and olive oil . Trading with the various colonies in the Caribbean and North America began to flourish during the Interregnum of Oliver Cromwell ( 1649 -- 1660 ) . The Royal African Company , a London-based trading company , had control over all trade between countries in Britain and Africa before the year 1698 At this time , only ships owned by the Royal African Company could trade for anything , including slaves . Slaves were increasingly an important commodity at the time , since the British colonization in the Caribbean and the Americas in the 17th century . The Society of Merchant Venturers , an organization of elite merchants in Bristol , wanted to commence participation in the African slave trade , and after much pressure from them and other interested parties in and around Britain , the Royal African Company 's control over the slave trade was broken in 1698 . As soon as the monopoly was broken , what is thought to have been the first `` legitimate '' Bristol slave ship , the Beginning , owned by Stephen Barker , purchased a cargo of enslaved Africans and delivered them to the Caribbean . Some average slave prices were # 20 , # 50 , or # 100 . In her will of 1693 , Jane Bridges , Widow of Leigh Upon Mendip bequeathes her interest of # 130 in this very ship to her grandson Thomas Bridges and indicates that the vessel was owned by the City of Bristol . Business boomed ; however , due to the over-crowding and harsh conditions on the ships , it is estimated that approximately half of each cargo of slaves did not survive the trip across the Atlantic . The triangular trade was a route taken by slave merchants during the years 1697 and 1807 . The areas covered by the triangular trade was England , North West Africa and finally The Caribbean . Profits of 50-100 % were made during the 18th century . Over 500,000 slaves were brought into slavery by these ships , representing one-fifth of the British slave trade during this time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5adc5e84e1a9a2bd6ba76fef1b05f07f",
"text": "A Wizard of Earthsea A Wizard of Earthsea is a young adult fantasy novel written by the American author Ursula K. Le Guin , first published by the small press Parnassus in 1968 . The novel received highly positive reviews , initially as a work for children , and later among a general audience as well . Set in the fictional archipelago of Earthsea , the story centers around a young mage named Ged , born in a village on the island Gont . Displaying great power while still a boy , he joins the school of wizardry , where his prickly nature drives him into conflict with one of his fellows . During a magical duel , Ged 's spell goes awry and releases a shadow creature that attacks him . The novel follows his journey as he seeks to be free of the creature . The book has often been described as a Bildungsroman or coming of age story , as it explores Ged 's process of learning to cope with power and come to terms with death . The novel also carries Taoist themes about a fundamental balance in the universe of Earthsea , which wizards are supposed to maintain , closely tied to the idea that language and names have power to affect the material world and alter this balance . Although the structure of the story is similar to that of a traditional epic , critics also described it as subverting this genre in many ways , such as by making the protagonist dark-skinned , in comparison to more typical white-skinned heroes . A Wizard of Earthsea is widely regarded as a classic of fantasy and young-adult literature and was one of the final recipients of the Lewis Carroll Shelf Award . The book was widely influential within the genre of fantasy ; Margaret Atwood , for instance , called A Wizard of Earthsea one of the `` wellsprings '' of fantasy literature . Le Guin would later write five subsequent books that , together with A Wizard of Earthsea , are referred to as the Earthsea Cycle : The Tombs of Atuan ( 1971 ) , The Farthest Shore ( 1972 ) , Tehanu ( 1990 ) , The Other Wind ( 2001 ) , and Tales from Earthsea ( 2001 ) . George Slusser has described the series as a `` work of high style and imagination '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30b9c8bdecf411d6a5c6de20010206ba",
"text": "Knight A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch or other political leader for service to the monarch or country , especially in a military capacity . Historically , in Europe , knighthood was conferred upon mounted warriors . During the High Middle Ages , knighthood was considered a class of lower nobility . By the Late Middle Ages , the rank had become associated with the ideals of chivalry , a code of conduct for the perfect courtly Christian warrior . Often , a knight was a vassal who served as a fighter for a lord , with payment in the form of land holdings . The lords trusted the knights , who were skilled in battle on horseback . Since the early modern period , the title of knight is purely honorific , usually bestowed by a monarch , as in the British honours system , often for non-military service to the country . The modern female equivalent in the United Kingdom is Dame . Historically , the ideals of chivalry were popularized in medieval literature , especially the Matter of Britain and Matter of France , the former based on Geoffrey of Monmouth 's Historia Regum Britanniae ( History of the Kings of Britain ) which introduced the legend of King Arthur , written in the 1130s . Sir Thomas Malory 's Le Morte d'Arthur ( The Death of Arthur ) , written in 1485 , was important in defining the ideal of chivalry , which is essential to the modern concept of the knight , as an elite warrior sworn to uphold the values of faith , loyalty , courage , and honour . Furthermore , Geoffroi de Charny 's `` Book of Chivalry '' expounded upon the importance of Christian faith in every area of a knight 's life . During the Renaissance , the genre of chivalric romance became popular in literature , growing ever more idealistic and eventually giving rise to a new form of realism in literature popularised by Miguel de Cervantes ' Don Quixote . This novel explored the ideals of knighthood and their incongruity with the reality of Cervantes ' world . In the late medieval period , new methods of warfare began to render classical knights in armour obsolete , but the titles remained in many nations . Some orders of knighthood , such as the Knights Templar , have become the subject of legend ; others have disappeared into obscurity . Today , a number of orders of knighthood continue to exist in several countries , such as the English Order of the Garter , the Swedish Royal Order of the Seraphim , and the Royal Norwegian Order of St. Olav . Each of these orders has its own criteria for eligibility , but knighthood is generally granted by a head of state or monarch to selected persons to recognise some meritorious achievement . Knighthood in the Middle Ages was closely linked with horsemanship ( and especially the joust ) from its origins in the 12th century until its final flowering as a fashion among the high nobility in the Duchy of Burgundy in the 15th century . This linkage is reflected in the etymology of chivalry , cavalier and related terms ( see Etymology section below ) . The special prestige accorded to mounted warriors finds a parallel in the furusiyya in the Muslim world , and the Greek hippeus and Roman eques of classical antiquity .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5cbde5c12bb2a17592654f9a3e6b432f",
"text": "Isle of Canes Isle of Canes ( ISBN 1-59331-306-3 ) , a novel by Elizabeth Shown Mills , follows an African family from its importation and enslavement in 1735 through four generations of freedom in Creole Louisiana to its re-subjugation by Jim Crow at the close of the nineteenth century . Mills explores the family 's `` struggle to find a place in -LSB- a -RSB- tightly defined world of black and white '' -- a world made more complex by the larger struggle of Louisiana 's native ancien regime to preserve its culture amid the Anglo-Protestant `` invasion '' that followed the Louisiana Purchase of 1803 and the resulting battle for political and social hegemony . Isle 's central theme is the ambiguous lives of those who escaped colonial slavery only to find they could not survive as free without complicity in the slave regime . The novel 's subject-family is one that has been both romanticized and excoriated by journalists , academics , descendants , and current websites over the past half-century . Isle 's interpretation of their controversial role is based heavily on the author 's original research across three decades in the archives of six nations , and actual documents are interspersed throughout the novel . The author 's research began in 1972 when she was employed by a preservation society to document the history of one Isle landmark , Melrose Plantation . Critical assessments of Isle of Canes focus on its upturning of stereotypes . Contemporary Lit describes the focus as `` Gone with the Wind from a vastly different , more important perspective ... not that of the plantation owner or the poor white ... but homme de couleur libre and slave ... capturing the agonizing decisions which tore families and communities apart . '' Historical Novels Review similarly observes , `` The Metoyers , a historical family both black and white and yet neither , challenge all perceptions of racial boundaries . You may never look at American History the same way again . '' The Isle community is also the focus in Lalita Tademy 's Oprah Book Club pick , Cane River . Mills 's Isle explores the colonial roots of the community and the experience of slaves who achieved freedom prior to the onset of Louisiana 's Creole-Anglo conflict . Tademy 's story , whose earliest slave generations are based upon research by Mills and her daughter , portrays the mid-nineteenth -- and early-twentieth-century experiences of the community 's slave families who envied , respected , and resented the free status of the Isle 's Creoles de couleur libre -- some of whose blood they shared . A third , much older novel , Lyle Saxon 's Children of Strangers , depicts the state of servitude into which the Islanders were subjected by the early twentieth-century . Saxon 's era was one in which the chatelaine of the family 's last remaining manor house ( Melrose Plantation , a National Historic Landmark since 1976 ) was an Anglo patroness of the arts , who encouraged Saxon to visit and `` observe '' the community first hand . Saxon 's portrayal captures the mindset of that era 's white population , who vacillated between economic exploitation of the Islanders , sexual attraction to their women , and a paternalistic view of the multiracial Creoles as `` simple people , but our people . '' Historians struggle to understand the complexities of the Peculiar Institution -- particularly the motivation that compelled a significant number of freed American slaves to purchase other humans once free to do so . Edward P. Jones lays out one psychological path in The Known World creating a fictional anti-hero , the Black Virginian Henry Townsend , who is consumed by his self-centered ambition . Isle of Canes reconstructs the world of an actual family to define a radically different but equally uncomfortable trajectory by which more than a few ex-slaves survived a status many historians consider `` neither slave nor free . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24d22d9f72b4f8005f464a9df3675e93",
"text": "Ned Stark Eddard `` Ned '' Stark is a fictional character in the first book of George R. R. Martin 's A Song of Ice and Fire series of fantasy novels and the first season of its television adaptation . Introduced in 1996 's A Game of Thrones , Ned is the honorable lord of Winterfell , an ancient fortress in the North of the fictional continent of Westeros . Though the character is established as a primary character in the novel and the TV adaptation , Martin 's plot twist at the end involving Ned shocked both readers of the book and viewers of the TV series . Ned is portrayed by Sean Bean in the first season of HBO 's adaptation of the series , Game of Thrones , and as a child and young man by Sebastian Croft and Robert Aramayo respectively in the sixth season . Bean was nominated for a Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television and a Scream Award for Best Fantasy Actor for the role . He and the rest of the cast were nominated for Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series in 2011 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93b340b11ac156cccd93e0f0936f0e7a",
"text": "The Black Adder The Black Adder is the first series of the BBC sitcom Blackadder , written by Richard Curtis and Rowan Atkinson , directed by Martin Shardlow and produced by John Lloyd . The series was originally aired on BBC One from 15 June 1983 to 20 July 1983 , and was a joint production with the Australian Seven Network . Set in 1485 at the end of the British Middle Ages , the series is written as a secret history which contends that King Richard III won the Battle of Bosworth Field , only to be unintentionally assassinated by his nephew Edmund and succeeded by Richard IV , one of the Princes in the Tower . The series follows the exploits of Richard IV 's unfavoured second son Edmund ( who calls himself `` The Black Adder '' ) in his various attempts to increase his standing with his father and , in the final episode , his quest to overthrow him . Conceived while Atkinson and Curtis were working on Not the Nine O'Clock News , the series covers a number of medieval issues in Britain in a humorous and often anachronistic manner -- witchcraft , royal succession , European relations , the Crusades and the conflict between the Crown and the Church . The filming of the series was highly ambitious , with a large cast and much location shooting . Shakespearean dialogue is sometimes adapted for comic effect . Despite winning an International Emmy , The Black Adder is generally regarded as the weakest series of Blackadder , even by its creators .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d82b4c399e88bbe89f859a87fb5921f",
"text": "FitzClarence Fitzclarence or FitzClarence is a pseudo-Anglo-Norman name meaning `` son of Clarence '' -- it usually refers to a bastard son of a Duke of Clarence , or a descendant thereof , and was used by them as a surname . The FitzClarence family was an illegitimate branch of the House of Hanover . Prince William , Duke of Clarence , and future king William IV of the United Kingdom , had at least ten children with his mistress Dorothea Jordan , all of whom took the surname FitzClarence . All of them were also granted by their father the rank of a marquess ' younger sons or daughters . The Duke of Clarence 's eldest surviving illegitimate child , George FitzClarence ( 1794 -- 1842 ) , was created Earl of Munster in 1831 and his male-line was continued until the death of Anthony FitzClarence , 7th Earl of Munster in 2000 . Two of Lord Munster 's brothers , Frederick and Augustus ( a priest ) , had issue that were also part of the family . Five daughters of William IV and Dorothy Jordan were married to nobles or prominent military figures , including William Hay , 18th Earl of Erroll , Lucius Cary , 10th Viscount Falkland , and Admiral Lord John Hallyburton . Only one , Mary , had no children . The 10 children of Prince William , Duke of Clarence , future King of Great Britain and his mistress , Dorothy Jordan , and their descendants : George FitzClarence ( 1794 -- 1842 ) and his grandson : Charles FitzClarence ( 1865 -- 1914 ) Henry FitzClarence ( 1795 -- 1817 ) Sophia FitzClarence ( 1796 -- 1837 ) Mary FitzClarence ( 1798 -- 1864 ) Frederick FitzClarence ( 1799 -- 1854 ) Elizabeth FitzClarence ( 1801 -- 1856 ) Adolphus FitzClarence ( rear admiral ) ( 1802 -- 1856 ) ( no issue ) Augusta FitzClarence ( 1803 -- 1865 ) Augustus FitzClarence ( 1805 -- 1854 ) Amelia FitzClarence ( 1807 -- 1858 ) William FitzClarence , 2nd Earl of Munster ( 1824 -- 1901 ) Geoffrey FitzClarence , 3rd Earl of Munster ( 1859 -- 1902 ) Aubrey FitzClarence , 4th Earl of Munster ( 1862 -- 1928 ) Geoffrey FitzClarence , 5th Earl of Munster ( 1906 -- 1975 ) Edward FitzClarence , 6th Earl of Munster ( 1899 -- 1983 ) Anthony FitzClarence , 7th Earl of Munster ( 1926 -- 2000 ) Category : House of Hanover Category : Noble families of the United Kingdom Category : William IV of the United Kingdom Category : Norman-language surnames !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17",
"text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3361c32fad3bc1747a00c5b436e8b9df",
"text": "Black people Black people is a term used in certain countries , often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity , to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other given populations . As such , the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies , and depends significantly on context . For many other individuals , communities and countries , `` black '' is also perceived as a derogatory , outdated , reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label , and as a result is neither used nor defined . Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as `` black '' , and these social constructs have also changed over time . In a number of countries , societal variables affect classification as much as skin color , and the social criteria for `` blackness '' vary . For example , in North America the term black people is not necessarily an indicator of skin color or ethnic origin , but is instead a socially based racial classification related to being African American , with a family history typically associated with institutionalized slavery . In the United Kingdom , `` black '' was historically equivalent with `` person of color '' , a general term for non-European peoples . In South Africa and Latin America , mixed-race people are generally not classified as `` black '' . In other regions such as Australasia , settlers applied the term `` black '' or it was used by local populations with different histories and ancestral backgrounds .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c958feb43222f57a6b060b62312acd1",
"text": "Kingdom of Hungary (1000–1301) The Kingdom of Hungary came into existence in Central Europe when Stephen I , Grand Prince of the Hungarians , was crowned king in 1000 or 1001 . He reinforced central authority and forced his subjects to accept Christianity . Although written sources emphasize the role played by German and Italian knights and clerics in the process , a significant part of the Hungarian vocabulary for agriculture , religion and state was taken from Slavic languages . Civil wars and pagan uprisings , along with attempts by the Holy Roman Emperors to expand their authority over Hungary , jeopardized the new monarchy . The monarchy stabilized during the reigns of Ladislaus I ( 1077 -- 1095 ) and Coloman ( 1095 -- 1116 ) . These rulers occupied Croatia and Dalmatia with the support of a part of the local population . Both realms retained their autonomous position . The successors of Ladislaus and Coloman -- especially Béla II ( 1131 -- 1141 ) , Béla III ( 1176 -- 1196 ) , Andrew II ( 1205 -- 1235 ) , and Béla IV ( 1235 -- 1270 ) -- continued this policy of expansion towards the Balkan Peninsula and the lands east of the Carpathian Mountains , transforming their kingdom into one of the major powers of medieval Europe . Rich in uncultivated lands , silver , gold , and salt deposits , Hungary became the preferred destination of mainly German , Italian and French colonists . These immigrants were mostly peasants who settled in villages , but craftsmen and merchants also came . Their arrival had a key role in the shaping of an urban lifestyle , habits and culture in medieval Hungary . The location of the kingdom at the crossroads of international trade routes favored the coexistence of several cultures . Romanesque , Gothic and Renaissance buildings and literary works written in Latin prove the predominantly Roman Catholic character of the culture , but Orthodox , and even non-Christian ethnic minority communities also existed . Latin was the language of legislation , administration and judiciary , but `` linguistic pluralism '' contributed to the survival of many tongues , including a great variety of Slavic dialects . The predominance of royal estates initially assured the sovereign 's preeminent position , but the alienation of royal lands gave rise to the emergence of a self-conscious group of lesser landholders , known as `` royal servants '' . They forced Andrew II to issue his Golden Bull of 1222 , `` one of first examples of constitutional limits being placed on the powers of a European monarch '' ( Francis Fukuyama ) . The kingdom received a major blow from the Mongol invasion of 1241 -- 42 . Thereafter , Cuman and Jassic groups settled in the central lowlands , and colonists arrived from Moravia , Poland and other nearby countries . The erection of fortresses by landlords , promoted by the monarchs after the withdrawal of the Mongols , led to the development of semi-autonomous `` provinces '' dominated by powerful magnates . Some of these magnates even challenged the authority of Andrew III ( 1290 -- 1301 ) , the last male descendant of the native Árpád dynasty . His death was followed by a period of interregnum and anarchy . Central power was re-established only in the early 1320s .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6dc86936e49d7e1a89fa75b4db4c9d7b | Elvis was produced by Bones Howe and someone else. | [
{
"docid": "f8eec298c9ad38ffce901b9f41010659",
"text": "Elvis (1968 TV program) Elvis , starring Elvis Presley , is a United States television special that aired on December 3 , 1968 on the NBC television network . The special is commonly referred to as the 68 Comeback Special , because of subsequent developments in Presley 's career . It was directed by Steve Binder and produced by Binder and Bones Howe . Music from the special was released before the broadcast , on the album Elvis ( NBC TV Special ) . Presley 's informal jamming in front of a small audience in the special is regarded as a forerunner of the `` unplugged '' concept , later popularized by MTV .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "190823ba369ad493c2e35a04aa148f56",
"text": "Rock-A-Hula Baby `` Rock-A-Hula Baby ( `` Twist '' Special ) '' is a song performed by Elvis Presley for the 1961 movie Blue Hawaii . Written by Ben Weisman , Fred Wise , and Dolores Fuller , it is a genre mix of Hawaiian folk and rock and roll . It was the first song published by Fuller , who would eventually co-write a dozen songs for Presley . A double A-sided release with `` Ca n't Help Falling in Love '' , it peaked at No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart in February 1962 , and spent four weeks at the chart summit . The song has appeared on several compilation albums due to its chart success . The title song of the 1992 movie Rock-a-Doodle parodied `` Rock-A-Hula Baby '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e80acbb54bb3bda17ea822acb473320b",
"text": "Trust (Elvis Costello album) Trust is an album by Elvis Costello and the Attractions . It is Costello 's fifth album , and fourth with the Attractions . It was also his fifth consecutive album produced by Nick Lowe , who handled production on all songs except `` Big Sister 's Clothes '' ( which the liner notes make clear by stating that Lowe was `` not to blame '' for it ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d",
"text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c14bfbffdf897234bc1739f0d17553c9",
"text": "Ben Weisman Ben Weisman ( November 16 , 1921 -- May 20 , 2007 ) was an eccentric American composer significant for having written more songs recorded by Elvis Presley ( fifty seven ) than any other songwriter in history . The Mad Professor as Weisman was nicknamed by Elvis , worked with the King from 1956 ( `` First in Line '' ) to 1971 ( `` Change of Habit '' ) . Their early association ( 1957 -- 62 ) produced many of the most powerful rockers and poignant ballads in Presley 's repertoire , including `` Got a Lot o ' Livin ' to Do '' , `` Follow That Dream '' , `` Rock-A-Hula Baby '' , `` Crawfish '' , `` As Long As I Have You '' , `` Pocketful of Rainbows '' and `` Fame And Fortune '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6026c40000b17ff52451310e151d6aef",
"text": "Michael Hayes (wrestler) Michael Seitz ( born March 29 , 1959 ) is an American producer , retired professional wrestler and former musician . Seitz is best known for leading The Fabulous Freebirds under the ring name Michael `` P.S. '' ( `` Purely Sexy '' ) Hayes and for his role as an announcer under the name Dok Hendrix in the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF ) . He currently works with WWE as the head of the road agents/producers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f41fc194be46ebd6a2ee098c1d1d34ef",
"text": "Billboard Top Rock'n'Roll Hits: 1960 Billboard Top Rock 'n' Roll Hits : 1960 is a compilation album released by Rhino Records in 1988 , featuring ten hit recordings from 1960 . One song included on this disc , The Twist by Chubby Checker , is not an original Cameo/Parkway recording but a late 60 's re-recording . The reason was because Cameo/Parkway 's collection of songs was not able to be licensed for release on CD at that time . Rhino , therefore could not include the original recording . It is a rare instance that Rhino would substitute an original recording for a newer recording . Two versions of this volume in the `` Billboard Top Hits '' series were released . The original version was released in 1988 and included two appearances by Elvis Presley : `` It 's Now or Never '' and `` Stuck on You . '' In 1993 , the album was re-released and replaced the two Elvis songs with Joe Jones ' `` You Talk Too Much '' and Brenda Lee 's `` Sweet Nothin 's . '' The track lineup on the original 1988 release includes eight songs that reached the top of the Billboard Hot 100 chart . The substitution of the Elvis Presley tracks on the re-release brings that number down to six . On both releases , all tracks reached the Hot 100 's Top 10 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec52a405ad1610fb3df17a9406c0b21d",
"text": "Hona Costello Damar Core , better known by his stage name Hona Costello , is an American , rapper , producer , and singer from Chicago , Illinois . Following the success of his debut mixtape `` Follow me '' , he was featured on Music Connection top prospects of 2012 . In October , 2014 , he produced Dej Loaf single On My Own on her debut mixtape Sell Sole .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1998b0e138c2b000bcdfa325a08350e8",
"text": "Alec Empire vs. Elvis Presley Alec Empire vs. Elvis Presley is a recording by Alec Empire which incorporates Elvis Presley samples .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9fa966953566df5cb4b9afb6f8bc52e1",
"text": "Girl Happy Girl Happy is a 1965 American musical romantic comedy and beach party film starring Elvis Presley in his 18th feature . The movie won a fourth place prize Laurel Award in the category Top Musical of 1965 . It featured the song `` Puppet on a String '' , which reached # 14 on the Billboard Hot 100 , # 3 on the Adult Contemporary chart and in Canada , and was certified Gold by the RIAA .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d680a74c8bc050308e517deae6a07518",
"text": "Stan Kesler Stanley Augustus `` Stan '' Kesler ( born August 11 , 1928 ) is an American retired musician , record producer and songwriter , whose career began at the Sun Studio in Memphis , Tennessee . He co-wrote several of Elvis Presley 's early recordings including `` I 'm Left , You 're Right , She 's Gone '' and `` I Forgot to Remember to Forget '' , and played guitar and bass on hit records by Carl Perkins and Jerry Lee Lewis . As a producer , his successful records included `` Wooly Bully '' by Sam the Sham and the Pharaohs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "712f65bfe64239f614d79aec32106faa",
"text": "When I Was Cruel When I Was Cruel is Elvis Costello 's 19th album , recorded in 2001 and 2002 and released in the US by Island Records on 23 April 2002 . The album includes the hits `` 45 '' and `` 15 Petals '' . Although formally credited as solo Costello album , this was the first album to feature his new band , The Imposters . Their only difference from his previous band , The Attractions ( active 1978-87 , and 1994 -- 96 ) , was the replacement of bassist Bruce Thomas , with whom Costello had feuded , with Davey Faragher ( formerly of Cracker ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ded86706358540e1bbed059c091d0a7e",
"text": "Tony Visconti Anthony Edward `` Tony '' Visconti ( born April 24 , 1944 ) is an American record producer , musician and singer . Since the late 1960s , he has worked with an array of performers . His lengthiest involvement with any artist is with David Bowie : intermittently from Bowie 's second album in 1969 to the 2016 release Blackstar , Visconti produced and occasionally performed on many of Bowie 's albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b762fc3dfca3ee822189efefa23cd4ec",
"text": "Hawk Koch Howard Winchel `` Hawk '' Koch , Jr. ( born December 14 , 1945 ) is an American film producer and a former road manager for the musical groups The Supremes and The Dave Clark Five .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "39c514014bd4da9b37a0ee56382c1311",
"text": "Sun Studio Sun Studio is a recording studio opened by rock-and-roll pioneer Sam Phillips at 706 Union Avenue in Memphis , Tennessee , on January 3 , 1950 . It was originally called Memphis Recording Service , sharing the same building with the Sun Records label business . Reputedly the first rock and roll single , Jackie Brenston and his Delta Cats ' `` Rocket 88 '' was recorded there in 1951 with song composer Ike Turner on keyboards , leading the studio to claim status as the birthplace of rock & roll . Blues and R&B artists like Howlin ' Wolf , Junior Parker , Little Milton , B.B. King , James Cotton , Rufus Thomas , and Rosco Gordon recorded there in the early 1950s . Rock and roll , country music , and rockabilly artists , including Johnny Cash , Elvis Presley , Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Charlie Feathers , Ray Harris , Warren Smith , Charlie Rich , and Jerry Lee Lewis , recorded there throughout the mid-to-late 1950s until the studio outgrew its Union Avenue location . Sam Phillips opened the larger Sam C. Phillips Recording Studio , better known as Phillips Recording , in 1959 to replace the older facility . Since Phillips had invested in the Holiday Inn Hotel chain earlier , he also recorded artists starting in 1963 on the label Holiday Inn Records for Kemmons Wilson . In 1957 , Bill Justis recorded his Grammy Hall of Fame song `` Raunchy '' for Sam Phillips and worked as a musical director at Sun Records . In 1969 , Sam Phillips sold the label to Shelby Singleton , and there was no recording-related or label-related activity again in the building until the September 1985 Class of '55 recording sessions with Carl Perkins , Roy Orbison , Jerry Lee Lewis , and Johnny Cash , produced by Chips Moman . In 1987 , the original building housing the Sun Records label and Memphis Recording Service was reopened by Gary Hardy as `` Sun Studio , '' a recording label and tourist attraction that has attracted many notable artists , such as U2 , Def Leppard , Bonnie Raitt , and Ringo Starr . In 2005 , Brian Setzer ( of Stray Cats fame ) released his Rockabilly Riot Vol . 1 : A Tribute To Sun Records album . Although not recorded at Sun it did feature various Sun Records recordings including some hits and other more obscure songs . In 2007 , Canadian rockabilly band the Kingmakers recorded a selection of originals and classics such as Elvis Presley 's `` That 's All Right '' at Sun Studio , released as their first CD `` Live at SUN Studio '' . In May 2009 , Canadian blues artist JW-Jones recorded with blues legend Hubert Sumlin , Larry Taylor and Richard Innes for his 2010 release at the studio . In July 2009 , John Mellencamp recorded nine songs for his album No Better Than This at the studio . In 2011 , Chris Isaak released `` Beyond the Sun , '' a collection of songs recorded at Sun Studio , most of which are cover versions of songs originally released on Sun Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e557a89cb451437b263d4ba98a9809d9",
"text": "Too Much (Elvis Presley song) `` Too Much '' is a # 1 song recorded in a hit version by Elvis Presley and published by Elvis Presley Music in 1956 . It was written by Bernard Weinman and Lee Rosenberg . It was first recorded in 1954 by Bernard Hardison on Republic Records . Elvis Presley recorded the song in September 1956 and first performed it on January 6 , 1957 on CBS-TV 's `` The Ed Sullivan Show . '' Released as a single , Presley 's `` Too Much '' reached number one on both the Cashbox and Billboard sales charts and went to number three on the R&B chart . The single peaked at number two on the then-named Top 100 chart , the main Billboard pop chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e51da553f73834faa2a4b485e1b65a9c",
"text": "Less Than Zero (song) `` Less Than Zero '' is the eighth track on Elvis Costello 's debut album My Aim Is True , and the first Costello single that Stiff Records released . The song expressed Costello 's anger after seeing former British Union of Fascists leader Oswald Mosley interviewed on television attempting to deny his racist past . In the liner notes to the Rhino edition of the album , Costello writes : The song therefore fits in with a number of others on early Costello albums that deal with themes of fascism and totalitarianism , which also include `` Night Rally '' from This Year 's Model and `` Goon Squad '' from Armed Forces . In this case , a racist and totalitarian movement is seen in terms of sub rosa teenage sex : `` Turn up the TV ... Even your mother wo n't detect it/So your father wo n't know . '' Allmusic critic Mark Deming describes the melody as `` slow , slinky -LSB- and -RSB- sinister . '' Deming also suggests that the melody shows some reggae influences , even though the rhythm does not incorporate reggae syncopations . Deming describes the song as `` controversial , audacious , and highly effective '' as well as `` a truly remarkable debut . '' On his first visit to the United States , Costello found that American audiences did n't understand the song , writing in his 2015 autobiography , Unfaithful Music and Disappearing Ink , `` I 'm not sure if anyone in Cleveland has ever heard of Oswald Mosley or gave a damn about him when we played `` Less Than Zero '' that night . It was just some rock and roll music with a fashionable-sounding title '' . Later , he substantially rewrote the lyrics to refer to Lee Harvey Oswald . This was a reference to the common misconception among American fans that this was the `` Mr. Oswald '' referred to in the original lyrics . This version is usually referred to as the `` Dallas version '' and is available as a bonus track on the My Aim is True reissue , and a live version can be found on Live at the El Mocambo . The song later provided US author Bret Easton Ellis with the title of his debut novel . The song was also involved in Costello 's infamous performance on Saturday Night Live on 17 December 1977 . Following pressure from his record company to play the song on the show , Costello began to play the song , but he stopped after only a few bars , saying that `` there 's no reason to do this song here . '' He then launched into an unannounced performance of `` Radio Radio '' , a song he had promised not to play . As a result , he was banned from the show until 1989 . In 2015 , Costello wrote of having seen the Saturday Night Live appearance as an opportunity equivalent to The Beatles ' first live US television performance on -LSB- -LSB- The Ed Sullivan Show -RSB- : '' -LSB- ... -RSB- Columbia insisted that the second song should be `` Less Than Zero '' . The song had already proven to be obscure to many American ears and if this was supposed to be our I Want to Hold Your Hand moment , I thought the song was too low-key '' . He had then come up with the plan to switch songs , inspired by a live performance on the BBC 's The Lulu Show in 1969 in which Jimi Hendrix had scrapped a performance of Hey Joe after a few bars to instead play an impromptu tribute to Cream , who had broken up just days before . `` Less Than Zero '' appears on the first Stiff Records compilation ; A Bunch of Stiff Records , whilst the B-side , `` Radio Sweetheart '' , appears on their second ; Hits Greatest Stiffs .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "62d6bf59f03e61930ea5ed648418cecd",
"text": "Him (play) Him is a 1995 play written by actor Christopher Walken , who also took the lead role and which debuted in the New York Shakespeare Festival . It revolved around the afterlife of Elvis Presley , the singer who , as the author himself turned 15 , became his first idol . The play , Walken 's first venture into playwriting , adopts a surreal tone , and is replete with references to aspects of Presley 's life , as well as to other pieces of theatre , including Hamlet and those of Tennessee Williams . While it enjoyed some positive comments , it was largely panned by the critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6d2cdd5fa812db95987c643478edf31",
"text": "Lester Sill Lester Sill ( January 13 , 1918 -- October 31 , 1994 ) was an American record label executive , best remembered as Phil Spector 's partner in Philles Records ( the name came from the first parts of their names , Phil and Les ) , and also as the head of both Colpix Records and the later Colgems Records . His three sons are music supervisors in the film and TV businesses : Joel Sill , Greg Sill and Lonnie Sill . His stepson Chuck Kaye is a longtime music publishing executive . Sill was an omnipresent force in the development of West Coast R&B and rock & roll , shepherding the fledgling career of the influential songwriting team of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller before teaming with the legendary producer Phil Spector to found Philles Records , the premier U.S. pop label of the early '60s . Born January 13 , 1918 , in Los Angeles , Sill first entered show business as a nightclub owner , but in 1945 joined the sales and promotion staff of the Bihari brothers ' Modern Records , later producing sessions for R&B acts including Charles Brown and Hadda Brooks . In 1950 Sill met Leiber in the L.A. record shop where the aspiring lyricist worked as a retail clerk and suggested he find a partner who could read and write music , spurring the beginning of Leiber 's collaboration with Mike Stoller . Sill also produced the 1951 Jimmy Witherspoon effort `` Real Ugly Woman , '' the first recorded Leiber and Stoller collaboration . That same year Sill and Federal Records producer/talent scout Ralph Bass formed a PR agency , Brisk Enterprises , and following the success of the duo 's Big Mama Thornton hit `` Hound Dog '' , he teamed with Leiber and Stoller in late 1953 to create Spark Records as well as their own publishing firm , Quintet Music , Inc. . Spark enjoyed immediate success with The Robins ' R&B smash `` Riot in Cell Block # 9 '' . The group 's follow-up , `` Smokey Joe 's Café , '' proved an even bigger hit , in fact too big for the small label to handle . So in 1955 Spark sold its catalog to Atlantic Records , which in turn named Sill its national sales manager while giving Leiber and Stoller an independent production deal . While the deal prompted the breakup of The Robins , members Carl Gardner and Bobby Nunn continued on as The Coasters , with Sill serving as their manager . The Coasters would emerge as one of the most popular R&B acts of the late '50s , generating a series of wry Leiber and Stoller-penned hits including `` Down in Mexico '' , `` Yakety Yak '' , and `` Charlie Brown '' ; Sill also enjoyed chart success teaming with producer-songwriter Lee Hazlewood on 1958 's `` Rebel Rouser '' , the most notable of the 15 Top 40 instrumentals headlined by the renowned guitarist Duane Eddy and issued on the Dick Clark-owned Jamie label . In late 1959 , Sill and Hazlewood formed Trey Records , a Hollywood-based imprint distributed by Atlantic . The label 's signings included 18-year-old wunderkind Phil Spector , then fresh off the success of his group The Teddy Bears ' chart-topping pop classic `` To Know Him Is to Love Him . '' Spector produced several Trey sides . None were hits , but Kell Osborne 's 1960 release `` The Bells of St. Mary 's '' bears all the dramatic hallmarks that would later define his trademark Wall of Sound aesthetic . At the end of 1961 , Sill and Hazlewood shut down Trey but quickly formed a new label , Gregmark , as a vehicle for The Paris Sisters , an Andrews Sisters-inspired sibling vocal trio with a series of little-heard Decca singles under its belt . Sill insisted on a top-to-bottom overhaul of their approach , prompting Spector to relegate Albeth and Sherrell Paris to the background while turning the spotlight on youngest sibling Priscilla , insisting she dial back her powerful voice to a dusky whisper . While the Paris Sisters ' Gregmark debut `` Be My Boy '' earned little notice , the follow-up , `` I Love How You Love Me , '' cracked the U.S. Top Five , galvanized by Priscilla 's intimate lead turn and Spector 's atypically restrained production . Spector then began work on a Paris Sisters LP , but as production costs began to skyrocket , Sill attempted to exert control of the project . Their skirmish ended disastrously when , according to Sill , one of his assistants accidentally discarded the master tapes , although rumors persist of a far more nefarious outcome . At the same time Sill 's partnership with the tempestuous Hazlewood collapsed , and despite their differences , in late 1961 Sill and Spector inaugurated their own label , Philles , immediately reaching the Top 20 with the company 's debut release , The Crystals ' `` There 's No Other ( Like My Baby ) . '' Its 1962 follow-up , `` Uptown , '' was Spector 's first true tour de force , capturing the Wall of Sound in full gallop . By mid-1962 Philles was the most successful independent label in the U.S. , scoring a series of Spector-produced classics including the Crystals ' `` He 's a Rebel '' and `` Then He Kissed Me , '' Bob B. Soxx & the Blue Jeans ' `` Zip-a-Dee-Doo-Dah '' and The Ronettes ' `` Be My Baby . '' But as Spector 's fame and renown grew , so did his notorious ego , and as he exerted more and more of his mercurial will over Philles ' business dealings , his relationship with Sill disintegrated . Spector eventually forced his mentor out of the company altogether , buying out Sill for a paltry $ 60,000 ( reportedly never even paid ) and decisively terminating their partnership with the never-released Crystals recording '' ( Let 's Dance ) The Screw . '' After over a year in seclusion , in 1964 Sill resurfaced as a consultant to Screen Gems-Columbia Music president Don Kirshner . Although the position was temporary , he ended up staying with the company for over two decades , eventually taking over Kirshner 's position . In 1985 Sill was named president and CEO of Jobete Music , the publishing arm of Berry Gordy , Jr. 's Motown empire . He remained with Jobete until his death in Los Angeles on October 31 , 1994 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cbcae671c7f42b61e9f9ffbf50eadc1d",
"text": "I'm Leavin' (Elvis Presley song) `` I 'm Leavin ' '' is a 1971 song by Elvis Presley . It was written by Sonny Charles and Michael Jarrett . The song was originally released in 1971 as a single , with `` Heart of Rome '' ( from the album Love Letters from Elvis ) on the B-side . In the United States `` I 'm Leavin ' '' reached number 36 on Billboard Hot 100 for the week of August 21 , 1971 . In the UK Singles Chart , it reached number 23 for the week of October 2 , 1971 . Later `` I 'm Leavin ' '' was included in the 1980 box set Elvis Aron Presley ( on the record 8 titled `` Lost Singles '' ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "644a163acf9c1bfa169e421f7d8931a8",
"text": "Sylvia (Elvis Presley song) `` Sylvia '' is a song by Elvis Presley from his 1972 album Elvis Now . In 1972 the song reached the top of the charts in South America .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2fc15d2d47ecb2be81c510f746d622fd | Frank Sinatra was not a musician. | [
{
"docid": "f3522271c4170c2adfd043c2a91ff902",
"text": "Frank Sinatra Francis Albert Sinatra ( -LSB- sᵻˈnɑːtrə -RSB- -LSB- siˈnaːtra -RSB- ; December 12 , 1915 -- May 14 , 1998 ) was an American singer , actor , and producer who was one of the most popular and influential musical artists of the 20th century . He is one of the best-selling music artists of all time , having sold more than 150 million records worldwide . Born in Hoboken , New Jersey , to Italian immigrants , Sinatra began his musical career in the swing era with bandleaders Harry James and Tommy Dorsey . Sinatra found success as a solo artist after he signed with Columbia Records in 1943 , becoming the idol of the `` bobby soxers '' . He released his debut album , The Voice of Frank Sinatra , in 1946 . Sinatra 's professional career had stalled by the early 1950s , and he turned to Las Vegas , where he became one of its best known performers as part of the Rat Pack . His career was reborn in 1953 with the success of From Here to Eternity , with his performance subsequently winning an Academy Award and Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor . Sinatra released several critically lauded albums , including In the Wee Small Hours ( 1955 ) , Songs for Swingin ' Lovers ! ( 1956 ) , Come Fly with Me ( 1958 ) , Only the Lonely ( 1958 ) and Nice 'n' Easy ( 1960 ) . Sinatra left Capitol in 1960 to start his own record label , Reprise Records , and released a string of successful albums . In 1965 , he recorded the retrospective September of My Years , starred in the Emmy-winning television special Frank Sinatra : A Man and His Music , and released the tracks `` Strangers in the Night '' and `` My Way '' . After releasing Sinatra at the Sands , recorded at the Sands Hotel and Casino in Vegas with frequent collaborator Count Basie in early 1966 , the following year he recorded one of his most famous collaborations with Tom Jobim , the album Francis Albert Sinatra & Antonio Carlos Jobim . It was followed by 1968 's collaboration with Duke Ellington . Sinatra retired for the first time in 1971 , but came out of retirement two years later and recorded several albums and resumed performing at Caesars Palace , and reached success in 1980 with `` New York , New York '' . Using his Las Vegas shows as a home base , he toured both within the United States and internationally until a short time before his death in 1998 . Sinatra forged a highly successful career as a film actor . After winning an Academy Award for From Here to Eternity , he starred in The Man with the Golden Arm ( 1955 ) , and received critical acclaim for his performance in The Manchurian Candidate ( 1962 ) . He appeared in various musicals such as On the Town ( 1949 ) , Guys and Dolls ( 1955 ) , High Society ( 1956 ) , and Pal Joey ( 1957 ) , winning another Golden Globe for the latter . Toward the end of his career , he became associated with playing detectives , including the title character in Tony Rome ( 1967 ) . Sinatra would later receive the Golden Globe Cecil B. DeMille Award in 1971 . On television , The Frank Sinatra Show began on ABC in 1950 , and he continued to make appearances on television throughout the 1950s and 1960s . Sinatra was also heavily involved with politics from the mid-1940s , and actively campaigned for presidents such as Harry S. Truman , John F. Kennedy and Ronald Reagan , though before Kennedy 's death Sinatra 's alleged Mafia connections led to his being snubbed . While Sinatra never formally learned how to read music , he had an impressive understanding of it , and he worked very hard from a young age to improve his abilities in all aspects of music . A perfectionist , renowned for his dress sense and performing presence , he always insisted on recording live with his band . His bright blue eyes earned him the popular nickname `` Ol' Blue Eyes '' . Sinatra led a colorful personal life , and was often involved in turbulent affairs with women , such as with his second wife Ava Gardner . He went on to marry Mia Farrow in 1966 and Barbara Marx in 1976 . Sinatra had several violent confrontations , usually with journalists he felt had crossed him , or work bosses with whom he had disagreements . He was honored at the Kennedy Center Honors in 1983 , was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Ronald Reagan in 1985 , and the Congressional Gold Medal in 1997 . Sinatra was also the recipient of eleven Grammy Awards , including the Grammy Trustees Award , Grammy Legend Award and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award . After his death , American music critic Robert Christgau called him `` the greatest singer of the 20th century '' , and he continues to be seen as an iconic figure .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "6c6fc0dc80538dc25283f1209dece12a",
"text": "Frank Sinatra with the Red Norvo Quintet: Live in Australia, 1959 With the Red Norvo Quintet : Live in Australia , 1959 is a live album by American singer Frank Sinatra , recorded in 1959 but released in 1997 . These tapes were recorded during two stops on Sinatra 's brief Australian tour of 1959 , during which he was backed by the quintet of jazz vibraphonist Red Norvo . It is considered one of the wildest performances he has ever recorded , as he exhibits great freedom in his lyric choice , often switching and twisting entire phrases . For example , just as Sinatra begins `` I 've Got You Under My Skin '' , a woman in the audience screams . He responds between lyrics with `` Get your hand off that broad ! ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ac251df10927ba3566175190ca113b2e",
"text": "The Capitol Years (1990 Frank Sinatra album) The Capitol Years is a 1990 compilation album of the U.S. singer Frank Sinatra . Released to coincide with Sinatra 's 75th birthday , this three-disc set has an abundance of classic Sinatra performances from his career with Capitol Records , which spanned the years 1953 to 1961 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53aa532839a21b6b3ad7ea06f03dd326",
"text": "Sinatra: New York Sinatra : New York is a 2009 box set album of live performances by the American singer Frank Sinatra , recorded in New York City . New York , both at the Carnegie Hall , and at Madison Square Garden . The first disc captures two live performances from 1955 and 1963 , disc two and three are from the Carnegie Hall and from Madison Square Garden in 1974 . The final two discs are from the 1980s , with disc five a previously unreleased DVD of a June 25 , 1980 performance at the Carnegie Hall .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1ab1a83ce95334afe891618c146f13f4",
"text": "Frank Sinatra Christmas Collection The Frank Sinatra Christmas Collection is a 2004 Christmas album from Frank Sinatra . The selection of tracks on the album spans Sinatra 's career from 1957 to 1991 and includes four previously unavailable tracks -- two previously unreleased on CD and two previously unreleased in any format -- the latter the last Christmas carol Sinatra recorded .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8d77a258f9a67bc9317992e7ec56e558",
"text": "Romance: Songs from the Heart Romance : Songs from the Heart is a 2007 album by Frank Sinatra , released posthumously , that consists of 21 tracks he recorded for Capitol Records . An alternate version of `` Nice 'n' Easy '' is included on the disc .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0d048dd623d2d514d40711a6fe6ae5d",
"text": "Cultural impact of Elvis Presley Since the beginning of his career , Elvis Presley has had an extensive cultural impact . According to Rolling Stone , `` it was Elvis who made rock 'n' roll the international language of pop . '' Rolling Stone encyclopedia of Rock and Roll describes Presley as `` an American music giant of the 20th century who single-handedly changed the course of music and culture in the mid-1950s . '' His recordings , dance moves , attitude and clothing came to be seen as embodiments of rock and roll . His music was heavily influenced by African-American blues , Christian gospel , and Southern country . In a list of the greatest English language singers , as compiled by Q Magazine , Presley was ranked first , and second in the list of greatest singers of 20th century by BBC Radio . Presley sang both hard driving rockabilly , rock and roll dance songs and ballads , laying a commercial foundation upon which other rock musicians would build their careers . African-American performers like Big Joe Turner , Wynonie Harris and Fats Domino came to national prominence after Presley 's acceptance among mass audiences of White American adults . Singers like Jerry Lee Lewis , the Everly Brothers , Chuck Berry , Bo Diddley , Little Richard , Buddy Holly , Johnny Cash , Roy Orbison and others immediately followed in his wake . John Lennon later observed , `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' During the post-WWII economic boom of the 1950s , many parents were able to give their teenage children much higher weekly allowances , signaling a shift in the buying power and purchasing habits of American teens . During the 1940s bobby soxers had idolized Frank Sinatra , but the buyers of his records were mostly between the ages of eighteen and twenty-two . Presley triggered a lot of demand for his records by near-teens and early teens aged ten and up . Along with Presley 's `` ducktail '' haircut , the demand for black slacks and loose , open-necked shirts resulted in new lines of clothing for teenage boys whereas a girl might get a pink portable 45 rpm record player for her bedroom . Meanwhile , American teenagers began buying newly available portable transistor radios and listened to rock 'n' roll on them ( helping to propel that fledgling industry from an estimated 100,000 units sold in 1955 to 5,000,000 units by the end of 1958 ) . Teens were asserting more independence and Presley became a national symbol of their parents ' consternation . Presley 's impact on the American youth consumer market was noted on the front page of The Wall Street Journal on December 31 , 1956 when business journalist Louis M. Kohlmeier wrote , `` Elvis Presley today is a business , '' and reported on the singer 's record and merchandise sales . Half a century later , historian Ian Brailsford ( University of Auckland , New Zealand ) commented , `` The phenomenal success of Elvis Presley in 1956 convinced many doubters of the financial opportunities existing in the youth market . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1",
"text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c92be68f6a4500695efa20ddc30cf673",
"text": "Frank D'Accone Frank ( Anthony ) D'Accone ( born 13 June 1931 , Somerville , MA ) is an American musicologist . D'Accone is the author of pioneering documentary studies of the musicians and institutions that produced the music of the Florentine and Siennese Renaissance . His many modern editions of the music of this culture made available to present-day performers and scholars for the first time in several centuries a full and wide-ranging picture of the musical life in Tuscany during the Renaissance . His body of work `` substantially extends current knowledge of the music history of the Italian Renaissance . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "620b53f2210f85136094f551baa45a49",
"text": "Frank Sinatra Jr. Francis Wayne `` Frank '' Sinatra ( January 10 , 1944 -- March 16 , 2016 ) , professionally known as Frank Sinatra Jr. , was an American singer , songwriter , and conductor . He was the son of singer and actor Frank Sinatra and his first wife , Nancy Barbato Sinatra ; the younger brother of singer and actress Nancy Sinatra ; and older brother of television producer Tina Sinatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7c8218ed585b459a5d0d5b27c5d5189f",
"text": "The Frank Sinatra Show (1957 TV series) The Frank Sinatra Show is an ABC variety and drama series , starring Frank Sinatra , premiering on October 18 , 1957 , and last airing on June 27 , 1958 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdd46b945ff0223eae0ed8c391c1f6dd",
"text": "Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts The Philadelphia Clef Club of Jazz and Performing Arts , INC. ( PCC ) is an American trade union . It was founded in 1966 by members of Musicians ' Protective Union Local # 274 , American Federation of Musicians ( A F of M ) . Local # 274 was chartered in 1935 as a separate Black local because Black musicians were denied membership in the racially segregated Local # 77 . Local # 274 enjoyed its autonomy for more than 36 years . It was the longest surviving independent Black Musicians ' Union in the United States , of the more than fifty chartered in major cities . Local # 274 and PCC 's social unit are integral parts of the history of JAZZ in Philadelphia . They evolved out of the struggle of Black musicians for political , economic , and cultural recognition during Philadelphia 's overt segregation period . Local # 274 's membership rolls included JAZZ greats like John Coltrane , Dizzy Gillespie , Shirley Scott , Lee Morgan , `` Philly '' Joe Jones , Grover Washington Jr. , the Heath Brothers , and Nina Simone to name a few .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba62029df6761b99d7805ebafb6cedf8",
"text": "Cycles (Frank Sinatra album) Cycles is a studio album by American singer Frank Sinatra , released in 1968 . Released just before Christmas in 1968 , there was a ten-month gap between this album and the release of Francis A. & Edward K. , which was the longest period in Sinatra 's Reprise years in which he did not commercially record music ( barring his contributions to The Sinatra Family Wish You a Merry Christmas ) . Sinatra sang a variety of folk-rock oriented songs , including Judy Collins ' `` Both Sides Now '' ( written by Joni Mitchell ) and the Glen Campbell hits `` Gentle on My Mind '' ( written by John Hartford ) and `` By the Time I Get to Phoenix '' ( written by Jimmy Webb ) . The title song was released as a single , reaching # 23 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart and # 2 on the Easy Listening chart , while the album peaked at # 18 on the Billboard 200 chart .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "753a0002282a8dc95c27e76e5e11b2a8",
"text": "Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre Reprise Musical Repertory Theatre is a series of four 12 '' long playing vinyl albums recorded in Los Angeles in 1963 . The four albums were sold through mail order as a box set in 1963 , then released separately to retail in 1964 . They were conceived and produced by Frank Sinatra . Morris Stoloff was the musical director and the A&R Director was Sonny Burke . The four discs feature the scores of four popular Broadway musicals of the time , namely Finian 's Rainbow ( 1947 ) , Kiss Me , Kate ( 1948 ) , South Pacific ( 1949 ) and Guys and Dolls ( 1950 ) . The `` Guys and Dolls '' album was issued on CD in 1992 when the musical itself was enjoying a revival . All the albums were re-released in a box set on September 26 , 2000 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3f1c6a09be447d549ff88abe4573d428",
"text": "Anthony Martin Sinatra Anthony Martin Sinatra ( born Saverio Antonino Martino Sinatra , ; May 4 , 1892 -- January 24 , 1969 ) was an Italian-American Hoboken city fireman , professional boxer , bar owner , and father of singer and actor Frank Sinatra .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c5887bf4536e3e9d113ecafcf355f517",
"text": "Elvis Presley's guitars Elvis Presley 's guitars were a major component of the iconic rock and roll image created by Elvis Presley that revolutionized popular culture in the 1950s and 1960s . It is impossible to gauge the impact of that image on millions of young people around the world who were inspired to learn to play guitar after watching Presley in performance , on television , or in films . Although not known for his abilities as a guitarist , Presley had a profound musical influence on some of the most important rock and roll artists to emerge since the 1950s , including Buddy Holly , John Lennon , Paul McCartney , George Harrison , Bob Dylan , and Bruce Springsteen . The extent of Presley 's impact on their lives and music is captured in John Lennon 's famous quote : `` Before Elvis , there was nothing . '' According to his first lead guitarist , Scotty Moore , Presley was not `` an accomplished musician '' , yet he possessed `` an uncanny and amazing sense of timing and rhythm . '' In the early years of his career , Presley 's rhythm guitar accompaniment played a major role in the sound of his early performances and recordings . Moore noted that as Presley began to learn to move on stage and to work the audience with his physical performance , his guitar became more of a `` prop '' . Presley was not known to treat his instruments in a gentle manner . His very aggressive strumming style would frequently break strings during his performances . The lack of a microphone on his guitar throughout those years contributed to the development of his `` aggressive style in attempt to be heard '' . As his career progressed , he became even more aggressive toward his instruments , frequently tossing his guitar to Charlie Hodge , who sometimes failed to catch it . The impact of the large belt buckles and jewelry he wore left their marks on most of his instruments .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afc418c215cdd3149dcfa0b0f94c06d3",
"text": "Joe's Garage Joe 's Garage is a three-part rock opera recorded by American musician Frank Zappa in 1979 . Originally released as two separate studio albums on Zappa Records , the project was later remastered and reissued as a triple album box set , Joe 's Garage , Acts I , II & III , in 1987 . The LPs initially received mixed to positive reviews , with critics praising its innovative and original music , but criticizing the scatological , sexual and profane nature of the lyrics . Since its original release , Joe 's Garage has been reappraised in a better light by some critics . Zappa self-deprecatingly described the album as a `` stupid little story about how the government is going to do away with music . '' The story is told by a character identified as the `` Central Scrutinizer '' narrating the story of Joe , an average adolescent male who forms a garage rock band , has unsatisfying relationships with women , gives all of his money to a government assisted and insincere religion , explores sexual activities with appliances , and is imprisoned . After being released from prison into a dystopian society in which music itself has been criminalized , he lapses into insanity . The album encompasses a large spectrum of musical styles , while its lyrics often feature satirical or humorous commentary on American society and politics . It addresses themes of individualism , free will , censorship , the music industry and human sexuality , while criticizing government and religion , and satirizing Catholicism and Scientology . Joe 's Garage is noted for its use of xenochrony , a recording technique that takes guitar solos from older live recordings and overdubs them onto new studio recordings . All of the guitar solos on the album are xenochronous except for `` Crew Slut '' and `` Watermelon in Easter Hay '' , a signature song that Zappa has described as the best song on the album , and according to his son Dweezil , the best guitar solo his father ever played .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b35d4441e9c34bb54a786852e1102343",
"text": "Frank Luther Frank Luther ( August 4 , 1899 - November 16 , 1980 ) was an American country music singer , dance band vocalist , playwright , songwriter and pianist .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f45f9222a3ccaaeeed14340efacdbe70",
"text": "Music Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time . The common elements of music are pitch ( which governs melody and harmony ) , rhythm ( and its associated concepts tempo , meter , and articulation ) , dynamics ( loudness and softness ) , and the sonic qualities of timbre and texture ( which are sometimes termed the `` color '' of a musical sound ) . Different styles or types of music may emphasize , de-emphasize or omit some of these elements . Music is performed with a vast range of instruments and vocal techniques ranging from singing to rapping ; there are solely instrumental pieces , solely vocal pieces ( such as songs without instrumental accompaniment ) and pieces that combine singing and instruments . The word derives from Greek μουσική #Ancient Greek ( mousike ; `` art of the Muses '' ) . In its most general form , the activities describing music as an art form or cultural activity include the creation of works of music ( songs , tunes , symphonies , and so on ) , the criticism of music , the study of the history of music , and the aesthetic examination of music . Ancient Greek and Indian philosophers defined music as tones ordered horizontally as melodies and vertically as harmonies . Common sayings such as `` the harmony of the spheres '' and `` it is music to my ears '' point to the notion that music is often ordered and pleasant to listen to . However , 20th-century composer John Cage thought that any sound can be music , saying , for example , `` There is no noise , only sound . '' The creation , performance , significance , and even the definition of music vary according to culture and social context . Indeed , throughout history , some new forms or styles of music have been criticized as `` not being music '' , including Beethoven 's Grosse Fuge string quartet in 1825 , early jazz in the beginning of the 1900s and hardcore punk in the 1980s . There are many types of music , including popular music , traditional music , art music , music written for religious ceremonies and work songs such as chanteys . Music ranges from strictly organized compositions -- such as Classical music symphonies from the 1700s and 1800s , through to spontaneously played improvisational music such as jazz , and avant-garde styles of chance-based contemporary music from the 20th and 21st centuries . Music can be divided into genres ( e.g. , country music ) and genres can be further divided into subgenres ( e.g. , country blues and pop country are two of the many country subgenres ) , although the dividing lines and relationships between music genres are often subtle , sometimes open to personal interpretation , and occasionally controversial . For example , it can be hard to draw the line between some early 1980s hard rock and heavy metal . Within the arts , music may be classified as a performing art , a fine art or as an auditory art . Music may be played or sung and heard live at a rock concert or orchestra performance , heard live as part of a dramatic work ( a music theater show or opera ) , or it may be recorded and listened to on a radio , MP3 player , CD player , smartphone or as film score or TV show . In many cultures , music is an important part of people 's way of life , as it plays a key role in religious rituals , rite of passage ceremonies ( e.g. , graduation and marriage ) , social activities ( e.g. , dancing ) and cultural activities ranging from amateur karaoke singing to playing in an amateur funk band or singing in a community choir . People may make music as a hobby , like a teen playing cello in a youth orchestra , or work as a professional musician or singer . The music industry includes the individuals who create new songs and musical pieces ( such as songwriters and composers ) , individuals who perform music ( which include orchestra , jazz band and rock band musicians , singers and conductors ) , individuals who record music ( music producers and sound engineers ) , individuals who organize concert tours , and individuals who sell recordings and sheet music and scores to customers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eae987197f93a1c4d64d7272e577bf21",
"text": "I'm a Fool to Want You `` I 'm a Fool to Want You '' is a 1951 song composed by Frank Sinatra , Jack Wolf , and Joel Herron . Frank Sinatra released the song as a Columbia Records single . The ballad is considered a pop and jazz standard .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1874ca139eb9493029c115f92dab2ef1",
"text": "Louis Armstrong discography Louis Armstrong ( 1901 -- 1971 ) , nicknamed Satchmo or Pops , was an American trumpeter , composer , singer and occasional actor who was one of the most influential figures in jazz . His career spanned five decades , from the 1920s to the 1960s , and different eras in jazz . Coming to prominence in the 1920s as an `` inventive '' trumpet and cornet player , Armstrong was a foundational influence in jazz , shifting the focus of the music from collective improvisation to solo performance . With his instantly recognizable gravelly voice , Armstrong was also an influential singer , demonstrating great dexterity as an improviser , bending the lyrics and melody of a song for expressive purposes . He was also skilled at scat singing . Renowned for his charismatic stage presence and voice almost as much as for his trumpet-playing , Armstrong 's influence extends well beyond jazz music , and by the end of his career in the 1960s , he was widely regarded as a profound influence on popular music in general . Armstrong was one of the first truly popular African-American entertainers to `` cross over '' , whose skin color was secondary to his music in an America that was extremely racially divided . He rarely publicly politicized his race , often to the dismay of fellow African-Americans , but took a well-publicized stand for desegregation in the Little Rock Crisis . His artistry and personality allowed him socially acceptable access to the upper echelons of American society which were highly restricted for black men of his era .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
1e8e3de7872d96f1f1a4429ffeeed2e8 | An Indian actor born in December starred in Laadla. | [
{
"docid": "112db07b814e57b51ce110342e0a882d",
"text": "Laadla (1994 film) Laadla ( translation : The Beloved Son ) is a Bollywood film released on 17 April 1994 , starring Sridevi , Anil Kapoor and Raveena Tandon . The film was notable because Divya Bharti was to star as the lead role Sheetal , filming most of the film . However , due to her untimely death in 1993 , Laadla was re-filmed with Sridevi in the lead role . Footage of late Divya Bharti as Sheetal is available on the internet . Laadla is the remake of Rajkumar 's blockbuster Kannada movie called Anuraga Aralithu ( 1986 ) . Laadla was a Box Office Hit dominated by Sridevi 's presence who was quite a big star at that time .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70a91c470b9c9c4ea407a9c428b92b0a",
"text": "Anil Kapoor Anil Kapoor ( born 24 December 1956 ) is an Indian actor and producer who has appeared in many Bollywood films , as well as international films and television series . His career has spanned almost 40 years as an actor , and as a producer since 2005 . He has won many awards in his career , including two National Film Awards and six Filmfare Awards in different acting categories . Kapoor made his Hindi film cameo appearance with Umesh Mehra 's Hamare Tumhare ( 1979 ) in a small role . He made his first debut film and then starred as a lead actor in the 1980 Telugu film , Vamsa Vruksham directed by Bapu . He then made his Kannada film debut with Mani Ratnam 's Pallavi Anu Pallavi ( 1983 ) . He received his first Filmfare Award , in the Best Supporting Actor category , for his role in Yash Chopra 's Mashaal ( 1984 ) . Kapoor earned his first Filmfare Best Actor Award for his performance in N. Chandra 's Tezaab ( 1988 ) and later again for his performance in Indra Kumar 's Beta ( 1992 ) . He has also starred in many other critically and commercially successful films : Meri Jung ( 1985 ) ; Karma ( 1986 ) ; Mr. India ( 1987 ) ; Virasat ( 1997 ) , for which he won the Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor ; Taal ( 1999 ) , for which he won his second Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award ; Pukar ( 2000 ) , for which he won a National Film Award for Best Actor ; No Entry ( 2005 ) ; Dil Dhadakne Do ( 2015 ) for which he won his third Filmfare Best Supporting Actor Award . Kapoor 's first role in an international film was in Danny Boyle 's Academy Award-winning film Slumdog Millionaire , for which he shared the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture . His performance in the eighth season of the action series 24 generated rave reviews from the American press . Globally , Kapoor is one of the most recognised Indian actors .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9ddd0df1f8292c0bac79da40fd9530a5",
"text": "Lacchimdeviki O Lekkundi Lacchimdeviki O Lekkundi ( LOL ) is a Telugu comedy thriller film directed by debutant Jagadish Talasila , who is a protege of acclaimed Indian director SS Rajamouli . Starring Naveen Chandra and Lavanya tripathi in lead roles . Popular music director M. M. Keeravani composed the music for the film . The film is being produced under Mayukha Creations banner by Sai Prasad Kamineni . It released globally on 29 January 2016 in 300 screens . It received mixed reviews from the critics but was a commercial success .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f58cb1512fae81292b45d7bb8bd89a0b",
"text": "Balakrishna (Kannada actor) Balakrishna ( 2 November 1913 -- 19 July 1995 ) was an Indian actor in the Kannada film industry . He was said to have a hearing problem and some say that he was totally deaf . However , he would catch the lip movements of the artists and would narrate the dialogues spontaneously . He was popular for his comic and villain roles in films like Muriyada Mane ( 1964 ) , Bangaarada Manushya ( 1972 ) , Gandhada Gudi ( 1973 ) and Kaamana Billu ( 1983 ) and appeared in over a hundred films that starred Rajkumar in the lead role . Balakrishna is known to have played the most number of roles in Kannada cinema , having appeared in over 560 films , and in variety of roles ; as a hero , villain , comedian , good Samaritan , loving father and a lunatic . Sudha Chandran is his ex-daughter in law .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba9d3be7713f5a6c5acd0916746a9446",
"text": "Ajay Naidu Ajay Kalahastri Naidu ( born February 12 , 1972 ) is an American actor . He is of Indian descent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e74f1f7b53ddb6c65fc948300b19c7bc",
"text": "Rajanala Nageswara Rao Rajanala Nageswara Rao better known as R. Nageswara Rao ( 1928 -- 1979 ) was an Indian film actor known for his works in Telugu cinema , and was one of the lead actors of his time . He is best known for his works in award winning hits such as Devadasu ( 1953 ) , Kanna Talli ( 1953 ) , Paropakaram ( 1953 ) , Raju Peda ( 1954 ) , Aggi Ramudu ( 1954 ) , Ilavelupu ( 1954 ) , Donga Ramudu ( 1955 ) , Maya Bazaar ( 1957 ) , and Pelli Naati Pramanalu ( 1958 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9f95e699ae58db983454ba51661b0eb3",
"text": "Hamsavardhan Hamsavardhan is an Indian film actor who has acted in Tamil language films . He is the son of noted actor Ravichandran .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a009ef60f7224a27922b7cc391f65636",
"text": "Ashok (actor) Ashok ( born on 12 December 1981 ) in Thiruvaiyaru , Thanjavur District , Tamil Nadu ) is an Indian film actor who has appeared in Tamil language films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8cb78bc1d6b1db891e11bb2acec3776",
"text": "Sohail Khan Sohail Khan ( born 20 December 1969 ) is an Indian film actor , director and producer who works predominantly in Hindi cinema . He is the younger brother of actors Salman Khan and Arbaaz Khan . He produces films under his banner Sohail Khan Productions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a985cba6e00d646ad56506e50edda672",
"text": "List of films released by Yash Raj Films Yash Raj Films ( abbreviated as YRF ) is an Indian entertainment company , established by Yash Chopra in 1970 , that produces and distributes motion pictures . As of 2017 , the company has produced 71 Hindi films , including three that are yet-to-be-released , and one Tamil film . Yash Raj Films started a film distribution business in 1997 , and in addition to distributing their own productions , the company has handled the domestic and international distribution of 35 films from other companies . Yash Raj Films ' first release came in 1973 with the Chopra-directed Daag : A Poem of Love , a drama about bigamy , starring Rajesh Khanna , Raakhee and Sharmila Tagore . The company had four more releases in the 1970s , including the family drama Kabhie Kabhie and the action film Kaala Patthar , both of which starred Amitabh Bachchan . Yash Raj Films ' sole commercial success in the 1980s was the Sridevi-starring romance Chandni . The year 1995 marked the directorial debut of Yash Chopra 's son , Aditya Chopra , with the highly successful romantic drama Dilwale Dulhania Le Jayenge . Starring Shah Rukh Khan and Kajol , the film has the longest theatrical run in Indian cinema history . Other successful releases of the 1990s were Darr ( 1993 ) and Dil To Pagal Hai ( 1997 ) , both starring Khan . In the 2000s , Yash Raj Films produced a larger number of films . In addition to directorial ventures from Yash and Aditya Chopra , the company launched several new directors , including Sanjay Gadhvi , Vijay Krishna Acharya , Kunal Kohli , Siddharth Anand , and Shaad Ali . Some of the company 's top-grossing films in that decade include Gadhvi 's action thrillers Dhoom ( 2004 ) and Dhoom 2 ( 2006 ) , Kohli 's romantic thriller Fanaa ( 2006 ) , Ali 's comedy film Bunty Aur Babli ( 2005 ) , Yash Chopra 's romance Veer-Zaara ( 2004 ) , and Aditya Chopra 's dramas Mohabbatein ( 2000 ) and Rab Ne Bana Di Jodi ( 2008 ) . Beginning in 2008 , the company introduced a number of new actors such as Anushka Sharma , Ranveer Singh , Parineeti Chopra , and Arjun Kapoor . Yash Raj Films ' highest-grossing films came in the 2010s with the Kabir Khan-directed action thriller Ek Tha Tiger ( 2012 ) , starring Salman Khan and Katrina Kaif , the third installment of the Dhoom franchise , entitled Dhoom 3 ( 2013 ) , featuring Aamir Khan , Uday Chopra and Abhishek Bachchan , and the sports drama Sultan ( 2016 ) , starring Salman Khan and Sharma . All three films rank among the highest-grossing Bollywood films of all time . The most frequent collaborations of the company have been with the actors Rani Mukerji , Rishi Kapoor , Shah Rukh Khan , and Saif Ali Khan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7a2c1c68491e751649a835389790cb9",
"text": "Manzil Manzil Manzil Manzil is a 1984 Indian romantic drama film directed by Nasir Hussain and released in 1984 . The movie stars Kulbhushan Kharbanda , Dimple Kapadia , Sunny Deol , Prem Chopra , Danny Denzongpa , and Asha Parekh in a cameo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "296b2757c5820b156931a8ce70a6c0bb",
"text": "Vishal Aditya Singh Vishal Aditya Singh also knowny as Vishal Singh is an Indian television actor , best known for his debut role as Lakhan Thakur in Begusarai ( TV series )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4e781a6450d10157519c30e6ea8d967a",
"text": "Sanjay Kapoor Sanjay Kapoor is a Bollywood actor and producer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "445129fb6a115e91b0fbdb07bfe8d0c8",
"text": "Nimai Bali Nimai Bali is an Indian actor who generally plays mythological supporting and villainous roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "73cf065df23df69932b2cc3951d2763a",
"text": "P. Leela Porayathu Leela ( 19 May 1934 -- 31 October 2005 ) , popularly known as P Leela , was an Indian playback singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f02e55156100d0ad2329de6e7377e5de",
"text": "Siddharth Arora Siddharth Arora ( born 13 April 1988 ) is an Indian television actor . He made his television debut with the show Mukti Bandhan on COLORS and he made his Bollywood debut with the movie Yeh Jo Mohabbat Hai in 2012 , and also appeared as Beera in Na Bole Tum Na Maine Kuch Kaha Season 2 on COLORS . He is also played the lead character of Lord Krishna in Krishna Kanhaiya on SAB TV .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40b74152356557c60f42e5758bb024e0",
"text": "Kanan Malhotra Kanan Malhotra ( कानन मल्होत्रा born 8 January 1987 in New Delhi is an Indian model and television actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93c1965e075bd240a0b20b967ef0d4ba",
"text": "Kalasala Babu Kalasala Babu is an Indian actor who has performed on stage , and in television serials and films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5af77d5f72abcd1beda3625c12ea688a",
"text": "Nihal Silva Nihal Silva ( Sinhala : න හ ල ස ල ව ) ( 10 January 1954 -- 3 December 1989 ) was a Sri Lankan comedian and actor . He rose to fame playing Sajan Nallathambi in the play of the same name . The character was a stereotypical Tamil Hindu with a bald head , small moustache , police suit and Vibhuti , three lines of ash , on his forehead . The play Sajan Nallathambi was one of the first Sri Lankan plays to be a financial success . It was hugely popular , even playing in the Middle East to Sinhala audiences . After its run , a slew of similar comedies like Ralla , Commando Diyasena , and Vadamaarachi appeared in Sri Lankan theaters inspired by its success . Silva was born on January 10 , 1954 in Kirilapone and grew up in Nuwara Eliya , Sri Lanka . He came from a poor family , and began his theater career with Wesak dramas . He subsequently had roles in stage plays like Amal Biso and Le Kandulu . He first played Sajan Nallathambi in the play Neinage Suduwa by Daya Vayaman . Silva was shot to death by Sri Lanka Army soldiers as he ignored warnings and ran a checkpoint on December 3 , 1989 in Dehiwela ; he possibly did not understand the situation due to inebriation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dd5429ef3f3bc18e015a733bddf644d1",
"text": "Vineeth Vineeth ( born 23 August 1969 ) is an Indian film actor and classical dancer known for his works predominantly in Malayalam cinema and Tamil cinema . He was also starred in few Telugu , Kannada and Bollywood films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f8e9fc492ed1916a71016f45fd34f03",
"text": "Lahari Lahari is a 1982 Indian Malayalam film , directed by TK Ramchand . The film stars Prema , Radhakrishnan , Raghavan and Ramakrishnan in lead roles . The film had musical score by G. Devarajan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afc3c34466797714480bddc48548497b",
"text": "Kinshuk Vaidya Kinshuk Vaidya ( born 5 April 1991 ) is an Indian film and television actor . He is widely known for his lead role of Sanju , a guy with a magical pencil , in the Star Plus 's highly successful children 's television series Shaka Laka Boom Boom , which made him a household name and earned him critical praise . He also worked alongside Kajol , Ajay Devgn and Rishi Kapoor in the children 's film Raju Chacha as Rahul Rai . Despite much anticipation , the film underperformed at the box-office . Vaidya made his comeback after more than a decade with the televion series Ek Rishta Saajhedari Kaplaying the leading role of Aryan Sethia , the series airs on Sony TV . He also appeared in one of the episodes of the anthological series Yeh Hai Aashiquithat aired on Bindass .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
9b05bb810170a5218d1c2623804dd783 | Dwayne Johnson holds two nationalities. | [
{
"docid": "0eb82b659dac2cc8858022f77cc5e90c",
"text": "Dwayne Johnson Dwayne Douglas Johnson ( born May 2 , 1972 ) , also known by his ring name , The Rock , is an American actor , producer , and professional wrestler . He holds both American and Canadian citizenships . Born in California and raised in New Zealand and the U.S. states of Hawaii and Pennsylvania , Johnson was a college football player for the University of Miami , where he won a national championship on the 1991 Miami Hurricanes football team . He later played for the Calgary Stampeders in the Canadian Football League and was cut two months into the 1995 season . This led him to become a professional wrestler like his grandfather , Peter Maivia , and his father , Rocky Johnson , from whom he also inherited his Canadian citizenship . Currently signed to WWE on a part-time contract , Johnson gained mainstream fame in the World Wrestling Federation ( WWF , now WWE ) from 1996 to 2004 as a major figure in the company 's Attitude Era , and was the first third-generation wrestler in the company 's history . He returned to wrestling part-time for WWE from 2011 to 2013 and continues to make sporadic non-wrestling appearances for the company . Johnson has 17 championship reigns in WWE , including 10 as a world champion , winning the WWF/WWE Championship eight times ( seventh reign was as WWE Undisputed Champion ) and the WCW/World Championship twice . He won the WWF Intercontinental Championship twice and the WWF Tag Team Championship five times . Johnson is the sixth Triple Crown Champion in WWE history and won the 2000 Royal Rumble . He is widely regarded as one of the greatest professional wrestlers of all time . Johnson 's autobiography The Rock Says ... , co-written with Joe Layden , was published in 2000 . It debuted at No. 1 on The New York Times Best Seller list , spent 20 weeks on The New York Times bestseller list , and sold 720,000 copies in hardcover alone . Johnson 's first leading film role was in The Scorpion King in 2002 . For this role , he was paid US$ 5.5 million , a world record for an actor in his first starring role . He has since appeared in various films , and become known for his ability to reinvigorate film franchises . One of his more prominent roles is Luke Hobbs in The Fast and the Furious franchise ; its most recent film , The Fate of the Furious , was released in 2017 and has grossed over $ 1.1 billion worldwide , making it the second highest-grossing film of 2017 and the twelfth highest-grossing film of all time . He hosted and produced The Hero , a reality competition series ; and has since continued to produce TV series and films through his production company Seven Bucks Productions , each of which he also stars in . Forbes listed Johnson No. 25 in the Top 100 Most Powerful Celebrities in 2013 . He was the world 's highest-paid actor of 2016 . Time named him one of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2016 . In 2015 , Muscle & Fitness named Johnson their `` Man of the Century '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "815569e2d84ab2d9154bc8b189e084ea",
"text": "Johnson Deng Johnson Deng is a South Sudanese footballer who currently plays as a midfielder .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d5839f64fcdf2dafee47bd4cb7bfceda",
"text": "Race and ethnicity in the NHL The National Hockey League evolved from a mono-ethnic and primarily Canadian professional athletic league to span North America . The distribution of ethnic groups has been gradually changing since the inception of the NHL . The league consists of a variety of players from varying nationalities and diverse backgrounds . Once known as a league riddled with racism and exclusiveness , the NHL has made positive steps toward a more diverse and inclusive institution . According to statistics , gathered by www.quanthockey.com , the NHL began its expansion of player nationalities in the 1970s , where players hailed from the United States , Sweden , and Finland . The share of Canadians in the league dropped to 75 % by the 1980s and is now slightly less than 50 % . The NHL is composed of 93 % of players who designate themselves as white with the remaining 7 % of varying ethnicities . The NHL currently has 32 players of African-American descent . Some notable NHL stars of African-American descent are Dustin Byfuglien , Evander Kane , and Joel Ward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "984ac3a6e9296ad33eb93d8c8b519912",
"text": "Dwayne Harper Dwayne Harper ( born March 29 , 1966 ) is a former professional American football cornerback who played 12 seasons in the National Football League . He started in Super Bowl XXIX for the San Diego Chargers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8821d59ee846a618b8a99d7f2462d828",
"text": "Multiracial Americans Multiracial Americans are Americans who have mixed ancestry of `` two or more races '' . The term may also include Americans of mixed-race ancestry who self-identify with just one group culturally and socially ( cf. the one-drop rule ) . In the 2010 US census , approximately 9 million individuals , or 2.9 % of the population , self-identified as multiracial . There is evidence that an accounting by genetic ancestry would produce a higher number , but people live according to social and cultural identities , not DNA . Historical reasons , including slavery creating a racial caste and the European-American suppression of Native Americans , often led people to identify or be classified by only one ethnicity , generally that of the culture in which they were raised . Prior to the mid-20th century , many people hid their multiracial heritage because of racial discrimination against minorities . While many Americans may be biologically multiracial , they often do not know it or do not identify so culturally , any more than they maintain all the differing traditions of a variety of national ancestries . After a lengthy period of formal racial segregation in the former Confederacy following the Reconstruction Era , and bans on interracial marriage in various parts of the country , more people are openly forming interracial unions . In addition , social conditions have changed and many multiracial people do not believe it is socially advantageous to try to `` pass '' as white . Diverse immigration has brought more mixed-race people into the United States , such as the large population of Hispanics identifying as mestizos . Since the 1980s , the United States has had a growing multiracial identity movement ( cf. Loving Day ) . Because more Americans have insisted on being allowed to acknowledge their mixed racial origins , the 2000 census for the first time allowed residents to check more than one ethno-racial identity and thereby identify as multiracial . In 2008 Barack Obama was elected as the first multiracial President of the United States ; he acknowledges both sides of his family and identifies as African American . Today , multiracial individuals are found in every corner of the country . Multiracial groups in the United States include many African Americans , Louisiana Creoles , Métis Americans , Mestizo Americans , Hapas , Melungeons , Lumbees , Houmas , and several other communities found primarily in the Eastern US . Many Native Americans are multiracial in ancestry while identifying fully as members of federally recognized tribes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca95e82b3633d7fe28d2da98322e6610",
"text": "Anoaʻi family The Anoaʻi family , originating from American Samoa , is a family of professional wrestlers . Family members have comprised several tag teams and stables within a variety of promotions . Famous members of the family include Rikishi , Yokozuna , Roman Reigns , The Usos , and Dwayne Johnson In addition , Reverend Amituana'i Anoa'i and Peter Maivia were `` blood brothers '' , a connection that continued with Afa and Sika , who regard Peter as their uncle . Peter married Ofelia `` Lia '' Fuataga , who already had a daughter named Feagaimaleata ( Ata ) , whom he adopted and raised as his own . Ata married wrestler Rocky Johnson , and the couple became the parents of Dwayne Johnson , who wrestled under the names Rocky Maivia and The Rock , before establishing himself as an actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50f67944ed70cfc58fc051c308976b9b",
"text": "John Johnson (linebacker) John Vernard Johnson ( born May 8 , 1968 ) is a former American football linebacker who played five seasons in the National Football League with the San Francisco 49ers , Cincinnati Bengals and New Orleans Saints . He was drafted by the San Francisco 49ers in the second round of the 1991 NFL Draft . He played college football at Clemson University and attended LaGrange High School in LaGrange , Georgia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "13b93bd5673bc818778204ab2460f9ca",
"text": "Dwayne Provo Dwayne Provo is a Canadian athlete , school administrator , and politician . Provo was born in North Preston , Nova Scotia ( one of Canada 's largest Black communities ) and attended university at Saint Mary 's University where he played Canadian football and was drafted in 1995 by the Saskatchewan Roughriders . He went on to play professional football in the Canadian Football League for 8 years ( as well as a brief stint in the National Football League ) . Since retiring from football he has taken further university studies and worked as a school administrator . In the 2006 Nova Scotia election , he ran as the Progressive Conservative candidate for the riding of Preston , but finished second to Liberal Keith Colwell . In 2009 , he ran again but placed third behind Colwell and New Democrat Janet Sutcliffe . He is a cousin to boxer Kirk Johnson and hockey player Evander Kane .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24c74b6244e6a6a9ff45a34f7227d335",
"text": "Jamaican Americans Jamaican Americans are Americans who have full or partial Jamaican ancestry . The largest proportion of Jamaicans live in New York City , which has various other Caribbean cultural elements such as food and music . There are also communities of Jamaican Americans residing in Philadelphia , Boston , South Florida , Tampa , Los Angeles , Orlando , Baltimore , Washington , D.C. , Atlanta , Cleveland , Western New York , Connecticut , and New Jersey . After 1838 , European colonies in the Caribbean with expanding sugar industries imported large numbers of immigrants to meet their acute labor shortage . Large numbers of Jamaicans were recruited to work in Panama and Costa Rica in the 1850s . After slavery was abolished in the United States in 1865 , American planters imported temporary workers , called `` swallow migrants '' , to harvest crops on an annual basis . These workers , many of them Jamaicans , returned to their countries after harvest . Between 1881 and the beginning of World War I , the United States recruited over 250,000 workers from the Caribbean , 90,000 of whom were Jamaicans , to work on the Panama Canal . During both world wars , the United States again recruited Jamaican men for service on various American bases in the region . The vast majority of Jamaican American are of black Afro-Caribbean descent .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ba2c0e22c321064179e4a4de61f57ce9",
"text": "Dwayne Smith Dwayne Romel Smith ( born 12 April 1983 ) is a former Barbadian international cricketer who has represented the West Indies . The ( part-time ) all-rounder , he is known as an aggressive and powerful right-handed batsman , bowls medium pace , and is also an athletic fielder . Smith has played for Barbados since the start of his career but has also played three seasons for Sussex from 2008 -- 10 . He has become a sought-after Twenty20 player , making appearances in the Indian Premier League , for the Chennai Super Kings Mumbai Indians and the Deccan Chargers , and for New South Wales in the Australian domestic competition and for the Bangladesh Premier League in Khulna Royal Bengals for Pakistan Super League in Islamabad United . In March 2017 , Smith announced his retirement from international cricket .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c9a2722d5b334a6546e167f066ed273b",
"text": "Tjin-A-Djie family The Tjin-A-Djie family ( pronounced : Chin-Aaa-Jee ; popularity : rare/unique ) is a prominent gentry family from the country of Suriname with origins from China , France and Vietnam . They are one of the earliest Chinese families arriving in Suriname in the 1800s . The family is known for their significant , national successes ranging from trade to sports , which thrived throughout the latter part of Suriname 's history to the present day . Their success in Suriname began in the late Victorian era with the development into the agriculture sector with plantations . From this , the family expanded into other segments of industry and committees . Throughout history , members of the Tjin-A-Djie family have committed to developing various sectors of society involving baked goods and groceries , the Chinese association , import and export development , educational facilities , religious enterprises , politics , sports , and business . Today , the Tjin-A-Djie family continues to be a part of the Suriname Tennis Association , sponsoring the annual Opa Leo Tjin-A-Djie Tennis Tournament . Branches of the family today can be found predominantly in Suriname , with members residing in North America and Europe , such as in the Netherlands . Certain 21st century descendants can claim notoriety in their numerous ethnically diverse make-ups ; some as high as twelve different ethnicities including : Chinese , French , Vietnamese , Malaysian , Portuguese , Scottish , Dutch , German , Canadian , Surinamese , Native South American , and African . Their ancestor 's full name was Tjin-A-Djie , but according to the habits of the Chinese people , the root and base surname is Tjin . This is what makes this surname so unique to this family .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d23a18a25c898682236ffe0c1ed78633",
"text": "Dwayne Thomas Dwayne Virgil Thomas ( born April 22 , 1984 ) is an US Virgin Islands soccer player , who currently plays as a defender .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b5f05c6c9d8f6b83674fea4776d6afa4",
"text": "William D. Johnson William D. Johnson may refer to : William D. Johnson ( CEO ) ( born 1954 ) , American Chairman and CEO of Progress Energy William D. Johnson ( journalist ) , American journalist and labor activist William Daniel Johnson ( born 1954/55 ) , American attorney and white supremacist activist William Dartnell Johnson ( 1870 -- 1948 ) , Australian politician",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ecec489a339550b7c7f7aaf61341027c",
"text": "Sung Jun Huh Sung Jun Huh ( born 13 June 1992 ) is an American former football player who played for the Samsung Frankfurt Universe in the German Football League . He played at outside linebacker . He is possibly the only professional American football player , who is of Korean descent , besides Hines Ward .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "809debc50290939b0a441d22a591fe44",
"text": "Non-Hispanic whites Non-Hispanic whites or whites not of Hispanic or Latino origin or `` Anglo '' '' ' , '' are people in the United States who , as defined by the Census Bureau , are considered racially white and are not of Hispanic or Latino origin/ethnicity . Non-Hispanic whites are a subcategory of white Americans , the other being white Hispanic and Latino Americans . Although generally all nations in Europe have contributed to the white population through emigration to Northern America in the last few centuries , the majority of non-Hispanic whites trace their origins to Northwestern Europe while other major sources originate in Southern and Eastern Europe ; German , Irish , and English ancestries are the most common . In the United States , this population was first derived from English ( and , to a lesser degree , French ) settlement of the Americas , as well as settlement by other Europeans such as the Germans and Dutch that began in the 17th century ( see History of the United States ) . Continued growth since the early 19th century is attributed to sustained very high birth rates alongside relatively low death rates among settlers and natives alike as well as periodically massive immigration from European countries , especially Germany , Ireland , England , Spain , Greece , Sweden and Norway , as well as Poland , Russia , and many more countries . In 2011 , for the first time in U.S. history , non-Hispanic whites accounted for under half of the births in the country , with 49.6 % of total births . At 197.2 million in 2012 , non-Hispanic whites comprise 62.8 % of the total U.S. population .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "04f69702c8d9eb00ae19f7536d4a82e8",
"text": "Richard S. Johnson Carl Richard Stanley Johnson ( born 15 October 1976 ) is a Swedish professional golfer . Johnson was born in Stockholm . His paternal grandfather is an American from New Jersey who settled in Sweden and married a Swede . Johnson played on the European Tour and won the ANZ Championship in 2002 . Johnson joined the PGA Tour in 2003 after successfully negotiating qualifying school . He has managed to gain at least partial status on the tour every year since . He placed in the top 50 of the money list in 2006 . He earned his card for the 2008 PGA Tour season at the 2007 PGA Tour Qualifying Tournament . He won his first title in 2008 , the U.S. Bank Championship in Milwaukee , but has not had much further PGA Tour success . Johnson won the Scandinavian Masters in 2010 on the European Tour . In 2016 , Johnson earned a European Tour card through Q School . Johnson was formerly a pro skateboarder . He also played handball and tennis in his youth . Johnson resides in Jupiter , Florida .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed49b2c7b3aebc7d20b8073da7d594a9",
"text": "Neil Johnson (cricketer) Neil Clarkson Johnson ( born 24 January 1970 in Salisbury - now Harare ) is a former cricketer who played 13 Tests and 48 One Day Internationals for Zimbabwe between 1998 and 2000 . An all-rounder , he bowled right-arm fast-medium and played in the middle order as an aggressive left-handed batsman . He usually opened the batting in one-day cricket . Throughout his first-class career he spent time in both South Africa and England , playing for Boland , Eastern Province , Natal , Western Province , Leicestershire and Hampshire . Johnson was influential in Zimbabwe 's qualification to the Super Six stage of the 1999 World Cup . He won three Man-of-the-Match awards in the tournament . One of those awards came in his side 's surprise victory over eventual semi-finalists South Africa . Opening the batting , he top-scored with 76 before dismissing Gary Kirsten with the first ball of the South African chase . He then got rid of Jacques Kallis for a duck and finished with 3 for 27 . In the same tournament , he made an unbeaten 132 and took 2/43 against eventual champions Australia at Lord 's . Johnson is notable for having opened both the batting and bowling for his country in this World Cup . After the 2000 tour of England , Johnson retired from international cricket as a result of disputes over his payment from the Zimbabwe Cricket Union . He moved to South Africa , a country that he had lived in as a child .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "41512654283f1d2239c712b20fe3d5e8",
"text": "John Johnson John Johnson may refer to :",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "63045e48844a8dfa2f7c77c4aa3cc217",
"text": "Dennis Johnson (linebacker) Dennis Craig Johnson ( born June 19 , 1958 ) is a former professional American football linebacker in the National Football League . He played six seasons for the Minnesota Vikings ( 1980 -- 1985 ) and the Tampa Bay Buccaneers ( 1985 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "648bc45f5134a54e2055b461fc5e91f0",
"text": "List of cricketers who have played for two international teams Twenty-six cricketers have represented two teams in top-level international cricket . Of those , fourteen have played Test cricket for two nations , nine have played One Day International ( ODI ) cricket for two teams , and four have played Twenty20 International ( T20I ) matches for two teams and two have played for two teams in different international formats . Four men have represented two team across multiple formats . Uniquely , Gavin Hamilton played his entire Test career solely for one team ( England ) and his entire ODI and T20I career for another ( Scotland ) and Ryan Campbell played his entire ODI career solely for one team ( Australia ) and his entire T20I career solely for another team ( Hong Kong ) . In the late-19th and early-20th centuries , players who had represented two international teams had been born in one country and moved to another with family . There were no clear rules on which nation one could represent , so switching was possible . More recently , citizenship has become the defining attribute as to whether a player can represent more than one international team . Billy Midwinter was the first cricketer to play for two nations during his career , playing two Test matches for Australia in 1877 before appearing for England in four Tests in 1881-82 . Within a year he was representing Australia once again . The Bulletin noted that `` In Australia he plays as an Englishman ; in England , as an Australian ; and he is always a credit to himself and his country ... whichever that may be . '' Four other Test cricketers switched allegiance from Australia to England in the late-19th century : Billy Murdoch , J. J. Ferris , Sammy Woods and Albert Trott . Both Frank Hearne and Frank Mitchell started their international careers playing for England but went on to play for the South African Test team . Three cricketers moved from representing India to Pakistan in the 1950s . John Traicos revived his Test career after playing for South Africa in 1970 , albeit briefly , when he featured for Zimbabwe in four Test matches in the early 1990s , more than 22 years after his previous international Test appearance . Kepler Wessels played both Test and ODI cricket for South Africa and Australia , while Guyana-born Clayton Lambert became the first cricketer to play just ODIs for two nations -- after playing eleven matches for the West Indies between 1990 and 1998 ( also five Tests ) , he played a single ODI for the United States in 2004 . Barbados-born Anderson Cummins made 63 ODI appearances for the West Indies before playing 13 times for Canada after a twelve-year gap . Both Dougie Brown and Ed Joyce began their international careers with England before switching teams , to Scotland and Ireland , while Eoin Morgan and Boyd Rankin made the opposite move , beginning with Ireland before switching to England . Luke Ronchi became the first player since Kepler Wessels to play for two Full Members of the International Cricket Council ( ICC ) , making his ODI and T20I debuts for New Zealand in 2013 after having played for Australia in both formats five years earlier . The most recent cricketer to play for two teams in ODIs is Geraint Jones , who , after representing England in 34 Tests and 49 ODIs between 2004 and 2006 , made his ODI debut for Papua New Guinea in November 2014 . Note : These lists include only those players who have played Test matches , ODIs or T20Is accredited by the International Cricket Council .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5a04fe7cf0f424f547e4040d6b42cbdf",
"text": "Anthony Johnson Anthony Johnson may refer to :",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
51792bf4f443d388225d5a7a4f89cbd3 | Hogwarts is a setting in the first six books in the Harry Potter series. | [
{
"docid": "1022eaffedbf6cef7ebb78bda24b06b6",
"text": "Hogwarts Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry , shortened Hogwarts , is a fictional British school of magic for students aged eleven to eighteen , and is the primary setting for the first six books in J.K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . Rowling has suggested that she may have inadvertently taken the name from the hogwort plant ( Croton capitatus ) , which she had seen at Kew Gardens some time before writing the series , although the names `` The Hogwarts '' and `` Hoggwart '' appear in the 1954 Nigel Molesworth book How To Be Topp by Geoffrey Willans . Hogwarts school was voted as the 36th best Scottish educational establishment in a 2008 online ranking , outranking Edinburgh 's Loretto School . According to a director of the Independent Schools Network Rankings , it was added to the schools listing `` for fun '' and was then voted on .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "f3cd21922b8130b04ca28289fe232c44",
"text": "Old English literature Old English literature or Anglo-Saxon literature , encompasses literature written in Old English , in Anglo-Saxon England from the 7th century to the decades after the Norman Conquest of 1066 . `` Cædmon 's Hymn '' , composed in the 7th century , according to Bede , is often considered the oldest extant poem in English , whereas the later poem , The Grave is one of the final poems written in Old English , and presents a transitional text between Old and Middle English . The Peterborough Chronicle can also be considered a late-period text , continuing into the 12th century . The poem Beowulf , which often begins the traditional canon of English literature , is the most famous work of Old English literature . The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle has also proven significant for historical study , preserving a chronology of early English history . In descending order of quantity , Old English literature consists of : sermons and saints ' lives ; biblical translations ; translated Latin works of the early Church Fathers ; Anglo-Saxon chronicles and narrative history works ; laws , wills and other legal works ; practical works on grammar , medicine , geography ; and poetry . In all there are over 400 surviving manuscripts from the period , of which about 189 are considered `` major '' . Besides Old English literature , Anglo-Saxons wrote a number of Anglo-Latin works .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "732bd731c698a975d3c1beb6b2bb7e17",
"text": "Crown Estate The Crown Estate is a collection of lands and holdings in the United Kingdom belonging to the British monarch as a corporation sole , making it the `` Sovereign 's public estate '' , which is neither government property nor part of the monarch 's private estate . As a result of this arrangement , the sovereign is not involved with the management or administration of the estate , exercising only very limited control of its affairs . Instead , the estate 's extensive portfolio is overseen by a semi-independent , incorporated public body headed by the Crown Estate Commissioners , who exercise `` the powers of ownership '' of the estate , although they are not `` owners in their own right '' . The revenues from these hereditary possessions have been placed by the monarch at the disposition of Her Majesty 's Government and thus proceed directly to Her Majesty 's Treasury for the benefit of the British nation . The Crown Estate is formally accountable to the Parliament of the United Kingdom , where it is legally mandated to make an annual report to the sovereign , a copy of which is forwarded to the House of Commons . The Crown Estate is one of the largest property managers in the United Kingdom , overseeing property worth # 12 billion , with urban properties valued at # 9.1 billion representing the majority of the estate by value . These include a large number of properties in central London , but the estate also controls 792000 ha of agricultural land and forest , more than half of the UK 's foreshore , and retains various other traditional holdings and rights , including Ascot Racecourse and Windsor Great Park . Naturally occurring gold and silver in the UK , collectively known as `` Mines Royal '' , are managed by The Crown Estate and leased to mining operators . Historically , Crown Estate properties were administered by the reigning monarch to help fund the business of governing the country . However , in 1760 , George III surrendered control over the Estate 's revenues to the treasury , thus relieving him of the responsibility of personally paying for the costs of the civil service , defence costs , the national debt , and his own personal debts . In return , he received an annual grant known as the Civil list . By tradition , each subsequent monarch agreed to this arrangement upon his or her accession . However , from 1 April 2012 , under the terms of the Sovereign Grant Act 2011 ( SSG ) , the Civil List was abolished and the monarch was thenceforth provided with a stable source of revenue indexed to a percentage of the Crown Estate 's annual net revenue ( currently set at 15 % ) . This was intended to provide a long-term solution and remove the politically sensitive issue of Parliament having to debate the Civil List allowance every ten years . Subsequently , the Sovereign Grant Act allows for all future monarchs to simply extend these provisions for their reigns by Order in Council . The act does not imply any legal change on the nature of the estate 's ownership , but is simply a benchmark by which the sovereign grant is set as a grant by Parliament .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cce007bc7bd6876b62dde384f7bb8ab7",
"text": "Tolkien's legendarium Tolkien 's legendarium is the term for the entirety of J. R. R. Tolkien 's mythopoetic writing that forms the background to his The Lord of the Rings . Tolkien worked and re-worked the components of his legendarium throughout his adult life , or during a period of more than 50 years ; the earliest drafts , published in The Book of Lost Tales ( 1983 ) dating to 1916 . Colloquially , `` Middle-earth '' is popularly used as a shorthand for a `` canonical '' or mature form of Tolkien 's narrative , Middle-earth being Tolkien 's term for the inhabited part of the world in which most of his published stories were set . The mythological and cosmological background of Tolkien 's published works was sketched in the posthumously-published The Silmarillion ( 1977 ) , and in Tolkien studies as a field as it has developed since the 1980s .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "af492998021ac84b2b18cda76cc3973f",
"text": "Fictional universe of The Hunger Games The Hunger Games universe is a fictional world appearing in The Hunger Games trilogy written by Suzanne Collins . It consists primarily of the fictional nation of Panem , its Capitol where the totalitarian government resides , and the outlying districts , numbered 1 to 12 , each with a different economy . In addition , there is the secretive District 13 , where a rebel force is building strength . The Hunger Games themselves are an annual event in which citizens from the districts , selected through a process called `` reaping '' , are forced to participate in a battle to the death . The universe also contains fictional flora and fauna , such as the Mockingjay , a bird whose mimicry is used as a plot device , and after whom the third book in the series is named .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e0d041b9ff2b4aa929b26a6c0e5591dd",
"text": "Setting (narrative) The setting is both the time and geographic location within a narrative or within a work of fiction . A literary element , the setting helps initiate the main backdrop and mood for a story . Setting has been referred to as story world or milieu to include a context ( especially society ) beyond the immediate surroundings of the story . Elements of setting may include culture , historical period , geography , and hour . Along with the plot , character , theme , and style , setting is considered one of the fundamental components of fiction .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c6d0d2b7726f3f1f34c679f08d790117",
"text": "Book of Shadows A Book of Shadows is a book containing religious texts and instructions for magical rituals found within the Neopagan religion of Wicca.Throughout the centuries many practicing witches would account their knowledge in their Book Of Shadows , however once witches were threatened by the prospect of being executed many , wisely , stopped and destroyed their BoS in order to stay safe and alive . However there are still several books that have managed to survived through history . One famous Book of Shadows was created by the pioneering Wiccan Gerald Gardner sometime in the late 1940s or early 1950s , and which he utilised first in his Bricket Wood coven and then in other covens which he founded in following decades . The Book of Shadows is also used by other Wiccan traditions , such as Alexandrianism and Mohsianism , and with the rise of books teaching people how to begin following Wicca in the 1970s onward , the idea of the Book of Shadows was then further propagated amongst solitary practitioners unconnected to earlier traditions . Initially , when Wicca was still dominated by covens , `` only one copy -LSB- of the Book -RSB- existed for an entire coven , kept by the high priestess or high priest . That rule has proved unfeasible , and it is -LSB- now -RSB- commonplace for all Witches to have their own copies . '' In the various traditions that make up British Traditional Wicca , copies of the original Book composed by Gerald Gardner with the aid of his High Priestess Doreen Valiente , along with alterations and additions that have been made since then , is followed by adherents . They have tried to keep the contents of this Book a secret , although it has been published on a number of occasions by figures such as Charles Cardell , Lady Sheba , and Janet and Stewart Farrar . In other Wiccan traditions and amongst a number of solitary practitioners , alternate versions of the Book have been written that are independent of Gardner 's original . Numerous associations and traditions have since grown up around the Book of Shadows . Traditionally , `` a Witch 's book of shadows is destroyed upon death . '' The concept of the Book of Shadows has subsequently appeared in popular culture , for instance being utilised in the American television series Charmed and providing the title of films , musical albums and comics . However , in all these cases it was taken out of its original Wiccan context .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab776c8e054188f0657ac63f8105ecf6",
"text": "Film series A film series ( also referred to as a film franchise ) is a collection of related films in succession that share the same fictional universe , or are marketed as a series . Sometimes the work is conceived from the beginning as a multiple-film work , for example the Three Colours series , but in most cases the success of the original film inspires further films to be made . Individual sequels are relatively common , but are not always successful enough to spawn further installments . The Marvel Cinematic Universe is the highest grossing film series in unadjusted US Dollar figures surpassing the Harry Potter , Star Wars , James Bond , and Peter Jackson 's The Lord of the Rings series . However , `` Star Wars '' has the highest when adjusted for inflation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8cdeaccd00bb2867e8043061d9f3211",
"text": "Novel in Scotland The novel in Scotland includes all long prose fiction published in Scotland and by Scottish authors since the development of the literary format in the eighteenth century . The novel was soon a major element of Scottish literary and critical life . Tobias Smollett 's picaresque novels , such as The Adventures of Roderick Random and The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle mean that he is often seen as Scotland 's first novelist . Other Scots who contributed to the development of the novel in the eighteenth century include Henry Mackenzie and John Moore . There was a tradition of moral and domestic fiction in the early nineteenth century that included the work of Elizabeth Hamilton , Mary Brunton and Christian Johnstone . The outstanding literary figure of the early nineteenth century was Walter Scott , whose Waverley is often called the first historical novel . He had a major worldwide influence . His success led to a publishing boom in Scotland . Major figures that benefited included James Hogg , John Galt , John Gibson Lockhart , John Wilson and Susan Ferrier . In the mid-nineteenth century major literary figures that contributed to the development of the novel included David Macbeth Moir , John Stuart Blackie , William Edmondstoune Aytoun and Margaret Oliphant . In the late nineteenth century , a number of Scottish-born authors achieved international reputations , including Robert Louis Stevenson and Arthur Conan Doyle , whose Sherlock Holmes stories helped found the tradition of detective fiction . In the last two decades of the century the `` kailyard school '' ( cabbage patch ) depicted Scotland in a rural and nostalgic fashion , often seen as a `` failure of nerve '' in dealing with the rapid changes that had swept across Scotland in the industrial revolution . Figures associated with the movement include Ian Maclaren , S. R. Crockett and J. M. Barrie , best known for his creation of Peter Pan , which helped develop the genre of fantasy , as did the work of George MacDonald . Among the most important novels of the early twentieth century was The House with the Green Shutters by George Douglas Brown , which broke with the Kailyard tradition . John Buchan played a major role in the creation of the modern thriller with The Thirty-Nine Steps and Greenmantle . The Scottish literary Renaissance attempted to introduce modernism into art and create of a distinctive national literature . It increasingly focused on the novel . Major figures included Neil Gunn , George Blake , A. J. Cronin , Eric Linklater and Lewis Grassic Gibbon . There were also a large number of female authors associated with the movement , who included Catherine Carswell , Willa Muir , Nan Shepherd and Naomi Mitchison . Many major Scottish post-war novelists , such as Robin Jenkins , Jessie Kesson , Muriel Spark , Alexander Trocchi and James Kennaway spent most of their lives outside Scotland , but often dealt with Scottish themes . Successful mass-market works included the action novels of Alistair MacLean and the historical fiction of Dorothy Dunnett . A younger generation of novelists that emerged in the 1960s and 1970s included Allan Massie , Shena Mackay and Alan Spence . Working class identity continued to be explored by Archie Hind , Alan Sharp , George Friel and William McIlvanney . From the 1980s Scottish literature enjoyed another major revival , with figures including Alasdair Gray , James Kelman , Irvine Welsh , Alan Warner , Janice Galloway , A. L. Kennedy , Iain Banks , Candia McWilliam , Frank Kuppner and Andrew O'Hagan . In genre fiction Iain Banks , writing as Iain M. Banks , produced ground-breaking science fiction and Scottish crime fiction has been a major area of growth with the success of novelists including Frederic Lindsay , Quintin Jardine , Val McDermid , Denise Mina , Christopher Brookmyre , and particularly Ian Rankin and his Inspector Rebus novels . The most successful author of Scottish origins in recent years has been J. K. Rowling , author of the Harry Potter series .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01bd18c19e169a548089b6d402e076ec",
"text": "Laws of Magic (The Dresden Files) The Laws of Magic are a set of rules governing the use of magic by wizards in the fictional world of The Dresden Files series of novels . Developed and enforced by the White Council , a fictional co-operative of magic Practitioners , the Laws of Magic are primarily intended to guard against the misuse of magic by wizards against humans . The White Council openly apply the Seven Laws on any person capable of doing magic , despite admitting only the most powerful practitioners to their ranks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8ca59b5de5102e23e34fcb01f94f4f4",
"text": "Minerva Press Minerva Press was a publishing house , noted for creating a lucrative market in sentimental and Gothic fiction in the late 18th century and early 19th century . It was established by William Lane ( 1745 ? -1814 ) at No 33 Leadenhall Street , London , when he moved his circulating library there in about 1790 . Among his stable of writers were many female authors including Regina Maria Roche ( The Maid of Hamlet , 1793 ; Clermont , 1798 ) ; Mrs. Eliza Parsons ( The Castle of Wolfenbach , 1793 ; The Mysterious Warning , 1796 ) ; and Eleanor Sleath ( The Orphan of the Rhine , 1798 ) whose Gothic fiction is included in the list of the seven Northanger Horrid Novels , recommended by the character Isabella Thorpe in Jane Austen 's novel of similar name . Six of the Northanger Seven were published by Minerva . However many titles were anonymous , including such novels as Count Roderic 's Castle ( 1794 ) , The Haunted Castle ( 1794 ) , The Animated Skeleton ( 1798 ) and The New Monk ( 1798 ) , and the five novels of Helen Craik . Authors such as Emma Parker ( `` Emma de Lisle '' ) and Amelia de Beauclerc , who wrote for Minerva Press in the 1800s , are obscure today , and the market for Minerva 's books became negligible after the death of its charismatic founder . Lane was succeeded as proprietor of the Minerva Press by his partner , Anthony King ( A. K. ) Newman , who gradually dropped the Minerva name from his books ' title pages during the 1820s . Later books published by the press bear the imprint `` A. K. Newman & Co. . '' In the 20th century , the name Minerva Press was used by at least one publisher unconnected with the original firm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "35885d23808908b2aec855f4172f2398",
"text": "The Famous Five (series) The Famous Five is the name of a series of children 's adventure novels written by English author Enid Blyton . The first book , Five on a Treasure Island , was published in 1942 . The novels feature the adventures of a group of young children -- Julian , Dick , Anne and Georgina ( George ) -- and their dog Timmy . The stories take place in the children 's school holidays after they have returned from their respective boarding schools . Each time they meet they get caught up in an adventure , often involving criminals or lost treasure . Sometimes the scene is set close to George 's family home at Kirrin Cottage in Dorset , such as the picturesque Kirrin Island , owned by George and her family in Kirrin Bay . George 's own home and various other houses the children visit or stay in are hundreds of years old and often contain secret passages or smugglers ' tunnels . In some books the children go camping in the countryside , on a hike or holiday together elsewhere . The settings , however , are almost always rural and enable the children to discover the simple joys of cottages , islands , the English and Welsh countryside and sea shores , as well as an outdoor life of picnics , lemonade , bicycle trips and swimming . Blyton intended to write only six or eight books in the series , but owing to their high sales and immense commercial success she went on to write twenty-one full-length Famous Five novels , as well as a number of other series in similar style following groups of children discovering crime on holiday in the countryside . By the end of 1953 more than six million copies had been sold . Today , more than two million copies of the books are sold each year , making them one of the biggest-selling series for children ever written , with sales totalling over a hundred million . All the novels have been adapted for television , and several have been adapted as films in various countries . Blyton 's publisher , Hodder & Stoughton , first used the term `` The Famous Five '' in 1951 , after nine books in the series had been published . Before this , the series was referred to as `` The ` Fives ' Books '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "71c3fab491d816f99ff96fa22fc80606",
"text": "Heroic fantasy Heroic fantasy is a subgenre of fantasy which chronicles the tales of heroes in fantasy settings .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a43228f6c3fdf44eddec1ea3083f9c1",
"text": "The Dangerous Book for Boys The Dangerous Book for Boys , by Conn and Hal Iggulden , is a guidebook published by HarperCollins , aimed at boys `` from eight to eighty . '' It covers around eighty topics , including how to build a treehouse , grow a crystal , or tell direction with a watch . Also included are famous quotes , stories , battles , and phrases that `` every boy should know . '' It was published in the UK in June 2006 , and reached number one in the UK non-fiction charts several times , selling over half a million copies . Conn Iggulden also published a novel , Wolf of the Plains , about Genghis Khan , which , along with The Dangerous Book for Boys , allowed Iggulden to be the first author to reach the number one spot in both the fiction and non-fiction charts . Within the first week of its US publication on 1 May 2007 , it reached number two on the Amazon.com best-selling book lists , being outsold only by Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows . Other people who contributed to the success of the book include the editorial team at the time , which consisted of Katie Espiner and Clare Hey , and Helen Johnstone , who won the 2007 British Book Industry Award for best publicity campaign .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "90fa4d8dce4971a2b81a7c2c64773017",
"text": "Harry Potter (character) Harry James Potter is the title character and protagonist of J. K. Rowling 's Harry Potter series . The majority of the books ' plot covers seven years in the life of the orphan Potter , who , on his eleventh birthday , learns he is a wizard . Thus , he attends Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry to practise magic under the guidance of the kindly headmaster Albus Dumbledore and other school professors . Harry also discovers that he is already famous throughout the novel 's magical community , and that his fate is tied with that of Lord Voldemort , the internationally feared Dark Wizard and murderer of his parents , Lily and James .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2e4fc07e4bdc3d40e1493e153376e926",
"text": "So You Want to Be a Wizard So You Want To Be a Wizard is the first book in the Young Wizards series currently consisting of eleven books by Diane Duane . It was written in 1982 and published in the next year . In 2012 a revised `` New Millennium Edition '' was published . The plot follows Nita Callahan , a thirteen-year-old girl who discovers a book titled So You Want to Be a Wizard while hiding from bullies in a library . She brings the book home with her and discovers that it is about the art of wizardry . She does not completely trust the book 's claim that she can become a wizard if she takes the Wizard Oath , but she takes it nonetheless . The next day when she is out trying to do her first spell she meets Kit Rodriguez , another wizard . After they successfully complete a spell together , Nita 's doubts are gone : she is a wizard .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "50a460dd4b191c74503b0eae967cc6a7",
"text": "Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix (film) Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix is a 2007 British-American fantasy film directed by David Yates and distributed by Warner Bros. . Pictures . It is based on the novel of the same name by J. K. Rowling . The film , which is the fifth instalment in the Harry Potter film series , was written by Michael Goldenberg ( making this the only film in the series not to be scripted by Steve Kloves ) and produced by David Heyman and David Barron . The story follows Harry Potter 's fifth year at Hogwarts as the Ministry of Magic is in denial of Lord Voldemort 's return . The film stars Daniel Radcliffe as Harry Potter , alongside Rupert Grint and Emma Watson as Harry 's best friends Ron Weasley and Hermione Granger . It is the sequel to Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire and is followed by Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince . Live-action filming took place in England and Scotland for exterior locations and Leavesden Film Studios in Watford for interior locations from February to November 2006 , with a one-month break in June . Post-production on the film continued for several months afterwards to add in visual effects . The film 's budget was reportedly between # 75 and 100 million ( $ 150 -- 200 million ) . Warner Bros. released the film in the United Kingdom on 12 July 2007 and in North America on 11 July , both in conventional and IMAX theatres ; it is the first Potter film to be released in IMAX 3D . As of April 2017 , Order of the Phoenix is the 39th-highest-grossing film of all time , and a critical and commercial success . The film opened to a worldwide 5-day opening of $ 333 million , fourteenth all-time , and grossed nearly $ 940 million total , second to Pirates of the Caribbean : At World 's End for the greatest total of 2007 . The film was nominated for two BAFTA Film Awards in 2008 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7f9e013663701164149ef7ec6230e766",
"text": "Big Six energy suppliers The Big Six are the United Kingdom 's largest energy suppliers , supplying gas and electricity to over 50 million homes and businesses in Britain , with over 90 % share of domestic customers . `` Supplier '' is meant by the business of buying wholesale power ( or gas ) , paying network and government policy costs and charges , and charging the customers of that supplier , for their electricity ( or gas ) . The assets of a supplier , which is a separate licensed business , are its people , and its offices . The business of four of the big energy Suppliers , including of their wider company groups , does not entail owning , or running , any actual network assets - underground cables , overhead lines , or pipes - to physically deliver electricity or gas . The two exceptions to this , are the two big Scottish Supplier firms , whose wider company groups do own some network assets . Confusingly , the term `` Big Six '' has recently been used prominently in the British media to refer , instead , to Britain 's energy network firms such as UK Power Networks ( which are generally independent of the biggest six British energy suppliers ) . There has also been a tendency in the media to wrongly refer to electricity network firms as `` electricity suppliers '' , thus sowing further confusion and misunderstanding , The `` Big Six '' as the term has most often been used , tends to be a reference to the oldest British electricity companies ( which are all also involved in the retail Supply of gas ) plus British Gas . This comprises ( 1 ) British Gas ( owned by UK firm Centrica which is listed on the LSE ) , ( 2 ) EDF Energy ( owned by French firm Électricité de France which is listed on the Paris Stock Exchange , ( 3 ) npower , ( 4 ) E.ON UK ( each German-owned ) , ( 5 ) Scottish Power ( Spanish-owned ) , and ( 6 ) SSE ( listed on the LSE ) . According to SERIS , the generation businesses of the ` Big Six ' energy firms amount to around three-quarters of British generating capacity . Three out of the ` Big Ten ' generators in the UK can probably still be categorised as majority-owned by British shareholders ; the other seven are listed firms that are owned by their many shareholders , some of whom will be British , but many of whom may not be British . Figures from independent research group Cornwall Energy suggest that by September 2014 Britain 's big six energy companies had a 92.4 % share of the market -- a decrease from 99.8 % in 2009 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f93b81ebb17f4e03cd63813999068237",
"text": "Harry Potter Alliance The Harry Potter Alliance ( also known as the HPA ) is a nonprofit organization run primarily by Harry Potter fans . It was founded by Andrew Slack in 2005 to draw attention to human rights violations in Sudan . Since then , the organisation 's campaigns have focused on topics such as literacy , United States immigration reform , economic justice , gay rights , sexism , labor rights , mental health , body image , and climate change . They have received recognition from many popular figures in the Harry Potter community and have been the subject of multiple academic studies on fan activism and civic engagement among youth .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5b900a4c8c23ec452003f63db005f9a7",
"text": "The Demon Headmaster (TV series) The Demon Headmaster is a British television series based on the children 's books by Gillian Cross of the same name . Made for CBBC , the drama was first broadcast between 1996 and 1998 . The first series contained six episodes , and aired twice weekly from 2 to 18 January 1996 , the second series contained seven episodes , and aired weekly from 25 September to 6 November 1996 , and the third series contained six episodes , and aired twice weekly from 6 to 22 January 1998 . School location scenes in the first series were filmed at Hatch End High School , in Hatch End , Harrow , North West London and The Royal Masonic School for Girls in Rickmansworth , Hertfordshire . Other scenes were filmed around West London , and the Vulcan Tower is in fact the building for Atrium in Uxbridge . CGI was used to make this building appear on an traffic island close to Warwick Avenue . Some scenes in the later series were filmed in the village of Sarratt , Hertfordshire and other locations in Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
2f0f842979fbd0b60e90ce0fa87e48a5 | Fight Club is a television show. | [
{
"docid": "ef95db86f49aa12f774471733b6d7d04",
"text": "Fight Club Fight Club is a 1999 American film based on the 1996 novel of the same name by Chuck Palahniuk . The film was directed by David Fincher , and stars Brad Pitt , Edward Norton and Helena Bonham Carter . Norton plays the unnamed protagonist , referred to as the narrator , who is discontented with his white-collar job . He forms a `` fight club '' with soap maker Tyler Durden , played by Pitt , and they are joined by men who also want to fight recreationally . The narrator becomes embroiled in a relationship with Durden and a dissolute woman , Marla Singer , played by Bonham Carter . Palahniuk 's novel was optioned by 20th Century Fox producer Laura Ziskin , who hired Jim Uhls to write the film adaptation . Fincher was one of four directors the producers considered , and was selected because of his enthusiasm for the film . Fincher developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry . The director and the cast compared the film to Rebel Without a Cause ( 1955 ) and The Graduate ( 1967 ) . They said its theme was the conflict between a generation of young people and the value system of advertising . The director copied the homoerotic overtones from Palahniuk 's novel to make audiences uncomfortable and keep them from anticipating the twist ending . Studio executives did not like the film and restructured Fincher 's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses . Fight Club failed to meet the studio 's expectations at the box office and initially received polarizing reactions from critics , becoming one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the year . Critics praised the acting , directing , themes and messages but debated the explicit violence and moral ambiguity . Over time , however , reception towards the film has become largely positive with critics and audiences , finding critical and commercial success with its DVD release , which established Fight Club as a cult film . It is now regarded by many as one of the greatest films of the 1990s .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b34d5f595b394d5680f6eb83bd6eadf2",
"text": "List of Sports Night characters Sports Night is an American comedy-drama which aired on ABC from September 1998 until May 2000 . The show goes behind the scenes at a fictional network sports round-up show , akin to ESPN show Sports Center , and the interactions on and off screen between the eccentric characters .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15cfdc058e59239f9fe83298f11b4d03",
"text": "2005 in UFC The year 2005 is the 13th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship ( UFC ) , a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States . In 2005 the UFC held 10 events beginning with , UFC 51 : Super Saturday . The reality TV series The Ultimate Fighter and the UFC Ultimate Fight Night both premiered on Spike TV . The Ultimate Fighter 1 Finale was the first ever live UFC broadcast on non-pay-per-view television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e165ae4ee41c131936050ba0bf68a497",
"text": "Wrestling Reality Wrestling Reality was a documentary television series created by independent filmmaker Greg Hemmings , airing on The Fight Network . It followed the lives of a group of independent professional wrestlers in the Maritime provinces of Canada . The series consisted of a half-hour documentary portion , as well as an hour of televised matches and shoot interviews . A sneak peek of the premiere episode aired September 25 , 2007 , with the full series then airing in early November . The series tackled many behind-the-scenes issues in professional wrestling including drugs , steroids , and sex . The colour commentary and play-by-play was provided by 89.3 K-Rock announcer/Eastlink host Darrin Harvey . The show also airs in the United Kingdom on TWC Fight ! .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "304aeb0dc7230afae9a80213e5f640e0",
"text": "Club fighter A club fighter ( or clubfighter ) is a professional boxer who usually fights locally and has a mediocre record . Club fighters generally are not nationally recognized and have not won any fights that show the ability to win a championship . The term is often used as a pejorative for over-hyped fighters or for older boxers when they begin to decline . For example , Floyd Mayweather Jr. called Arturo Gatti `` a blown-up club fighter '' , even though Gatti was the WBC super lightweight champion at the time . A club fighter is less respected than a contender , who defeats journeymen and club fighters in order to establish himself as a challenger for a world title . A journeyman is slightly more respected than a club fighter -- often by way of having a superficially good record . Category : Boxing terminology Category : Pejorative terms for people",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a9be7db6d1970266494875fbb9af96f4",
"text": "Game of Arms Game of Arms is an American television series that debut February 25 , 2014 , on AMC . The series is a reality television show about American competitive arm wrestlers . The series follows arm wrestling clubs in Erie , Pennsylvania ; Kansas City , Missouri ; New York City ; Sacramento , California , and Baton Rouge , Louisiana . Prior to its broadcast , the series was initially known as King of Arms . On September 11 , 2014 , AMC renewed the series for a second season . However it canceled the series a month later in mid-production as part of the network ending nearly all their reality series and refocusing completely on fictional dramas for their original series output .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8a3ab838c8a9c75f3aae9805f67b7a0",
"text": "Food fight A food fight is a form of chaotic collective behavior , in which food is thrown at others in the manner of projectiles . These projectiles are not made to harm or damage others , but to simply ignite a fight filled with spontaneous food throwing . Food fights may be impromptu examples of rebellion or violence ; however , they can also be planned events . For example , La Tomatina is a regularly held , organized Spanish food fight in which participants pelt each other with tomatoes . In organized food fights , the food `` weapons '' are usually all of one kind , or of a limited variety . An impromptu food fight will use whatever food is on hand . Food fights are a common element in slapstick comedy , with the pie in the face gag being especially prominent . Food fights are frequently featured in children 's television and books , usually as an example of destructive or reckless behavior . One famous food fight scene in a movie took place in National Lampoon 's Animal House . Another took place in Hook . Though usually associated with juvenile settings such as schools , there are notable incidents that take place in more official locations , such as the food fight at a lunch meeting of the Legislative Yuan of Taiwan . In Europe , some food fights evolved into traditional celebrations rooted either in the recent past such as the Spanish La Tomatina or in long-gone centuries such as the -LSB- 2 = Battle of the Oranges , Battaglia delle arance -RSB- during the Carnival of Ivrea in Italy . The Jerry Springer Show is well known for using food fights in certain episodes that involve a guest wanting to confront their friend or relative on a holiday special or trying to stop a wedding .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c6721d3b0f099c9c2e97d23e8f602fe",
"text": "Bengal Bouts The Bengal Bouts is an annual charity boxing tournament hosted by the Men 's Boxing Club at the University of Notre Dame airing on ESPN , with proceeds benefiting the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh . Begun in 1920 by legendary football coach Knute Rockne to condition football players in the offseason , the tournament later expanded entry to any member of the student body . Under the guidance and direction of Dominic `` Nappy '' Napolitano , the charity aspect of the event flourished while following the Men 's Boxing Club mantra : `` Strong Bodies Fight , that Weak Bodies May Be Nourished . '' The training regimen requires novice boxers to receive instruction and conditioning in the fall , and returning fighters begin their mandatory workouts during an intensive 6-week period prior to the tournament . In current times , the Men 's Boxing Club membership has swelled to include over 230 students , ranging from first-year undergraduate students to graduate and law school students , with participants fighting across 12 weight classes . In 2010 , the Bengal Bouts helped generate a donation of $ 100,000 for the Holy Cross Missions in Bangladesh . This surpassed the $ 1,000,000 donated throughout the program 's existence . Originally held in the Notre Dame Fieldhouse , the tournament is currently held in the Joyce Center ( JACC ) and airs on ESPN . In 2005 , a sister program , named the Baraka Bouts , was instituted for women and benefits missions in East Africa .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e021673d2bdce72c2659615c041f94c3",
"text": "Super Fight League Super Fight League Is a mixed martial arts promotion , based in India The organisation was formed in 2012 by actor Sanjay Dutt and British Indian businessman Raj Kundra . Super Fight League has produced close to 50 live televised events broadcast on Colors , Neo Prime , ESPN Star Sports and on YouTube live worldwide .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "30f2ca15ef304279ce59b358d06edc56",
"text": "Pilot (Friday Night Lights) `` Pilot '' is the first episode of the sports drama television series Friday Night Lights . The episode premiered on the NBC network on October 3 , 2006 . It introduces the men and women involved with the Dillon Panthers , a Texas high school football team . In the pilot episode , the team is preparing for the first game of the season , which will be the first game under new head coach Eric Taylor . The show is based on the 2004 film Friday Night Lights , which was in turn based on the 1990 non-fiction book Friday Night Lights : A Town , a Team , and a Dream by H. G. Bissinger . Peter Berg , who is Bissinger 's cousin and who directed the film , wrote and directed the pilot episode , and served as executive producer for the series . While some of the actors from the movie returned to act on the show , most of the actors were cast specifically for the television series . Critical reception of the show was good to average , with a general appreciation for the realistic portrayal of Middle America . Generally speaking , however , there were serious doubts about whether the show would be able to stay on the air very long , though it has since gone on to complete five seasons . The episode 's viewership of just over seven million was characterized as disappointing , though it did relatively well among men aged 18 to 34 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5ab59c637a7a45dcb3ab9791b9cc8b8f",
"text": "Athletes and domestic violence Domestic violence is one of the most common crimes among male athletes.There is an ongoing struggle among sporting leagues , governments , and viewers to address the increasing number of domestic violence incidents committed by athletes . The NFL , National Collegiate Athletic Association ( NCAA ) , National Basketball Association ( NBA ) , and the sport of Boxing employ and promote athletes who have committed domestic violence . Most prominent are instances of domestic violence that occur by members of the NFL , due largely to its immense popularity in the United States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ccff1bfd40b1190d3599cae1256b5e12",
"text": "Fight Night (song) `` Fight Night '' is a song by American hip hop group Migos . It was released as a single on April 8 , 2014 by Quality Control Entertainment and 300 Entertainment . The song was included on their mixtape No Label 2 ( 2014 ) and was produced by Stack Boy Twan . It has since peaked at number 69 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart , making it the group 's third highest-charting single to date . A remix was made by fellow American rapper Tyga .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d09f9d100ee95eaff2dd3cd48bb89594",
"text": "World Fighting Alliance The World Fighting Alliance was a mixed martial arts organization based in the United States . Owned and organized by MMA legend and trainer John Lewis ( Promoter/Match Maker ) and nightclub operator and `` Club Rubber '' promoter John Huntington ( Producer ) along with Lawyer Louis Palazzo ( Investor ) , the WFA began promoting events after the Nevada State Athletic Commission began sanctioning mixed martial arts . The Las Vegas-based promotion , unlike its cross-town rival , the Ultimate Fighting Championship , featured a nightclub environment and a slogan of `` Where the fight club meets the Night Club '' . Sexy and flashy , its events featured several scantily-clad ring girls between rounds and go-go dancers between fights , and plenty of loud music , including guest performers like Ice-T . However , in an incident at Level 3 which seriously harmed the promotion 's reputation , credentialed photographers were ejected by venue security from their areas and were forced to move to where they could not take acceptable pictures . The inconvenience caused by the ejection was substantial , some writers at the event were forced to track down their photographers and leave their beat , while some offended editors decided to yank coverage of the event altogether . While the difficulties of the last event did not seem to deter the promotion and the promoters promised a Level 4 , Lewis and Huntington did not promote another WFA event since , and the promotion was assumed to be defunct . After a rise of interest in mixed martial arts in the United States in 2005 , the WFA reemerged with new ownership and began an aggressive program to establish itself as a new major mixed martial arts promotion . The owners , Ross Goodman and Louis Palazzo , both attorneys from Las Vegas , began by signing contracts with several of the biggest free agents on the market , including former UFC middleweight contender and Olympic silver medalist Matt Lindland , PRIDE middleweight contender Quinton Jackson , retired UFC and Pancrase champion Bas Rutten , former top-ranked Bantamweight fighter Urijah Faber , and former UFC Heavyweight Champion Ricco Rodriguez . In their recruitment efforts , they also came close to signing Tito Ortiz before he was enticed by an offer from the UFC . The fruits of their acquisitions culminated in WFA : King of the Streets on July 22 , 2006 , a pay-per-view broadcast event at the Forum in Inglewood , California . The card was headed by a main event of Quinton Jackson vs. Matt Lindland , Jackson 's first fight on American soil since becoming a headliner in PRIDE , and featured famed boxing broadcaster Barry Tompkins and wrestling star Bill Goldberg at the announce desk . Despite heavy expectations and an aggressive marketing campaign , including a pre-event special broadcast on Showtime , the event only attracted a crowd of over 5,000 , with only 2,300 tickets sold . Pay-per-view buys were also low , reportedly under 50,000 . Despite the disappointing numbers , and rumors of financial troubles , the WFA announced their next event , WFA : King of the Streets II at Aladdin Resort and Casino in Las Vegas , Nevada scheduled for December 9 , 2006 . However , the event was then postponed until early 2007 for undisclosed reasons . On November 15 , 2006 , the WFA 's CEO , Jeremy Lappen , sued the WFA and its owners for breach of contract , claiming he has not been paid since June 2006 , a few weeks before King of the Streets . Finally on December 11 , 2006 , Zuffa , the parent company of rival promotion UFC , announced it had acquired select assets of the WFA , including the contracts of WFA fighters . The WFA afterward ceased operations per the sale agreement . The WFA brand was revived in THQ 's video game UFC Undisputed 2010 , an update to their wildly popular multi-platform MMA video game UFC 2009 Undisputed . In the game 's career mode , which mimics that of an actual MMA fighter , players start off in the WFA and after a certain amount of success are invited to the UFC .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ea51e3306ba90255fefecbe2d95992e6",
"text": "Procedural drama A procedural drama is a genre of television programming which focuses on how crimes are solved or some other aspect of a law enforcement agency , legislative body , or court of law . Some dramas include a lab or conference room with high-tech or state-of-the-art equipment where the main characters meet to work out the problem . Shows usually have an episodic format that does not require the viewer to have seen previous episodes . Episodes typically have a self-contained , also referred to as stand-alone , plot that is introduced and resolved within the same episode . The procedural format is popular around the world . In 2011 , the director of a TV consultancy said , `` The continuing trend is for procedurals because they use a predictable structure . '' Due to their stand-alone episodic nature , they are more accessible to new viewers than serials . Self-contained episodes also make it easier for viewers to return to a show if they have missed some episodes . In general , procedural dramas can usually be re-run with little concern for episode order . Procedurals are often criticized for being formulaic . Procedurals are also generally less character-driven than serialized shows . However , some procedurals have more character emphasis than is typical of the format . Some may occasionally feature a storyline stretching over several episodes . A popular variant is the police procedural .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d5a15b24621eedb38355d57e37185c7",
"text": "The Ultimate Fighter: Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos The Ultimate Fighter : Team Lesnar vs. Team dos Santos is the thirteenth installment of the Ultimate Fighting Championship produced reality television series The Ultimate Fighter . The UFC and Spike TV held open tryouts on November 4 , 2010 , in Las Vegas , Nevada . The casting call went out for Welterweight and Middleweight fighters , however , all fighters will be in the welterweight division . All fighters applying and trying out for the show must have at least three professional fights and be at least 21 years of age . Notables who turned up to the tryouts included Strikeforce veterans Karl Amoussou , Andre Galvao , and Zak Cummings , and former TUF contestants Frank Lester and Jeremiah Riggs . It was confirmed during the Fight For The Troops 2 conference call that Brock Lesnar and Junior dos Santos would be the coaches for this season . This season did not feature an elimination round like the two seasons before it , however , the `` wild card '' selections introduced in season 11 were still featured . The initial cast was 14 fighters rather than the usual 16 , 28 or 32 in recent seasons . On May 12 , 2011 , midway through the airing of the season , Dana White announced that Brock Lesnar pulled out of the coaches ' fight due to the return of diverticulitis , forcing Lesnar to withdraw from the bout .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "59ee37b93426b8d47dd88c6a6e430dbc",
"text": "Battle Athletes is a Japanese series produced by the AIC studio and released as an original video animation ( OVA ) and a manga by Yūki Nakano , and later aired as an anime television series on TV Tokyo in 1997 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a008be36a9ed3b247adef7fdc4d82297",
"text": "World Combat Games The World Combat Games are an international multi-sport event featuring combat sports and martial arts . Fifteen Olympic and non-Olympic sports are currently on the programme : aikido , boxing , fencing , judo , ju-jitsu , karate , kendo , kickboxing , Muay Thai , sambo , savate , sumo , taekwondo , wrestling and wushu . The World Combat Games were initiated by SportAccord , the umbrella organisation for international sports federations and organizers of sports events , in order to bring these sports closer to a worldwide public . The World Combat Games are accompanied by a cultural program that reflects the ancient traditions and values of martial arts as well as their contribution to modern society .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12915c7525b7ddce3a488696675d23cd",
"text": "1994 United States broadcast TV realignment The 1994 United States broadcast television realignment consisted of a series of events , primarily involving affiliation switches between television stations , that resulted from a multimillion-dollar deal between the Fox Broadcasting Company ( commonly known as simply Fox ) and New World Communications , a media company that -- through its then-recently formed broadcasting division -- owned several VHF television stations affiliated with major broadcast television networks , primarily CBS . The major impetus for the changes was to allow Fox to improve its local affiliate coverage , in preparation for the commencement of its rights to the National Football Conference ( NFC ) television package , which the National Football League ( NFL ) awarded to the fledgling network in December 1993 . As a result of various other deals that followed as a result of the affiliation switches created by the deal between Fox and New World , most notably the buyout of CBS by Westinghouse , the switches constituted some of the most sweeping changes in American television history . As a result of this realignment , Fox ascended to the status of a major television network , comparable in influence to the Big Three television networks ( CBS , NBC and ABC ) . Nearly 70 stations in 30 media markets throughout the United States changed affiliations starting in September 1994 and continuing through September 1996 ( although an additional affiliation switch would occur in February 1997 , through the launch of an upstart station that gained its network partner through one of the ancillary deals ) , which -- along with the concurrent January 1995 launches of The WB Television Network ( a joint venture between Time Warner , the Tribune Company and the network 's founding chief executive officer , Jamie Kellner ) and the United Paramount Network ( UPN ) ( founded by Chris-Craft/United Television , through a programming partnership with Paramount Television ) , both of which affiliated with certain stations that lost their previous network partners through the various affiliation agreements -- marked some of the most expansive changes ever to have occurred in American television .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ed5d5f7382437bb5ff83792c427acd56",
"text": "Art Davie Art Davie is a business executive and entrepreneur formerly active in Southern California advertising circles . In 1993 , he created and co-produced the tournament which became the televised Ultimate Fighting Championship . In 1998 , Davie , as vice-president of K-1 USA , brought the successful K-1 kickboxing franchise from Japan to Las Vegas and North American pay-per-view television . In 2003 , Davie was an executive producer with Mandalay Sports Entertainment . In 2006 , he became vice-president of television at Paradigm Entertainment Group . In 2014 , Ascend Books published Davie 's book , Is This Legal ? : The Inside Story of the First UFC from the Man Who Created It . Sean Wheelock assisted in the book 's research and writing . In November 2014 , Davie was inducted into the Legends of MMA Hall of Fame , alongside Big John McCarthy , Pat Miletich , Fedor Emelianenko , and Rickson Gracie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6c67576118df9bb1370e0ea97b125da7",
"text": "Ring of Honor Ring of Honor ( ROH ) is an American professional wrestling promotion , founded in 2002 by RF Video owner Rob Feinstein . From 2004 to 2011 , the promotion was under the ownership of Cary Silkin before being sold to the Sinclair Broadcast Group ( SBG ) , an American telecommunications company that operates the largest number of local television stations in the United States . ROH holds TV tapings , pay-per-view events , live events , and Internet pay-per-view events throughout the United States and Canada . It has also held shows in the United Kingdom and Japan . Annual shows include the Anniversary Show , Supercard of Honor ( held annually during WrestleMania weekend ) , Best in the World , Global Wars , Death Before Dishonor , Glory By Honor , and Final Battle ( the last show of the calendar year and ROH 's marquee event ) . ROH records all of its shows and sells them on DVD through mail order via its online store , and the DVDs have developed a fanbase for the promotion in the United States and beyond . In 2009 , ROH signed a television deal with HDNet , which aired shows every week until 2011 . As of September 2011 , ROH 's flagship broadcast Ring of Honor Wrestling has been syndicated by parent company Sinclair Broadcasting , and airs on Sinclair owned stations across the country . ROH is also broadcast on Samurai TV in Japan , and is the third-largest professional wrestling promotion in the United States , behind WWE and after Impact Wrestling . On June 22 , 2014 , ROH had its first live pay-per-view broadcast , Best in the World , from Nashville , Tennessee . It was followed-up on December 7 with their biggest show of the year Final Battle , from Terminal 5 in New York City . Their next pay-per-view aired March 1 , 2015 , which was their 13th Anniversary Show , from Las Vegas , Nevada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f72d5d57abc102bb2fe31c32faba2eb",
"text": "Panel show A panel show or panel game is a radio or television game show in which a panel of celebrities participates . Participants may compete with each other , such as on The News Quiz ; facilitate play by non-celebrity contestants , such as on Match Game/Blankety Blank ; or do both , such as on Wait Wait Do n't Tell Me . The genre can be traced to 1938 , when Information Please debuted on U.S. radio . The earliest known television panel show is Play the Game , a charades show in 1946 . The modern trend of comedy panel shows can find early roots with Stop Me If You 've Heard This One in 1939 and Can You Top This ? in 1940 . While panel shows were more popular in the past in the U.S. , they are still very common in the United Kingdom .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
134c2fa200c576375a4703a69f98a4a4 | California Gurls is part of Katy Perry's studio album. | [
{
"docid": "97d1001b6a255c505f6ddead43f0f905",
"text": "California Gurls `` California Gurls '' is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her third studio album , Teenage Dream ( 2010 ) . The song features verses from rapper Snoop Dogg . Both artists co-wrote the song with Bonnie McKee and its co-producers Dr. Luke and Max Martin , with additional production from Benny Blanco . According to Perry , the song is an answer song to `` Empire State of Mind '' ( 2009 ) , by Jay-Z and Alicia Keys . `` California Gurls '' is a midtempo disco-pop , and funk-pop song , with influences of new wave , and electropop . Its lyrics are an ode to the state of California , in which both Perry and Snoop Dogg were born and raised . `` California Gurls '' garnered positive reviews from music critics , with the majority of them labeling it a `` summer anthem '' , as well as complimenting its production and chorus . Originally intended to be sent to mainstream and rhythmic airplay on May 25 , 2010 , the song debuted on May 7 , 2010 , after clips from the Teenage Dream album were leaked online . It was subsequently released to iTunes on May 11 , 2010 as the album 's lead single . The song was a worldwide success , peaking at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks , giving Perry her second US number-one single in and Snoop Dogg his third . The song reached number-one in ten other countries , including Australia , Canada , Ireland , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom . A music video for the song was released on June 15 , 2010 , and features Perry and her dancers as pieces of a board game , set in the fictional `` Candyfornia '' . Perry has said that the inspiration behind the video was artist Will Cotton , who was also the artistic director of the video . It has been noted that the video is influenced by several other works , including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland , and the board game Candyland . On December 2 , 2010 , the song received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . In 2012 , Billboard ranked the song number one on a special The 30 Summer Songs of All Time listing .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "9b169d15982cc3c1f8a91f8a5848ddb0",
"text": "The Vandals Play Really Bad Original Country Tunes The Vandals Play Really Bad Original Country Tunes is an album by the southern California punk rock band The Vandals , released in 1999 by Kung Fu Records . Essentially a re-release of their 1989 album Slippery When Ill , it contains 8 of the 10 songs from that album along with 2 newer , previously unavailable songs . Part of the impetus for its release was that the original Slippery When Ill , long asked for by the band 's fans , had become very rare and difficult to obtain due to the small size of the record labels it was originally released on . With their Kung Fu label ( founded in 1996 by Vandals members Joe Escalante and Warren Fitzgerald ) now firmly established , the band was able to re-release this music from ten years earlier in their career . The original Slippery When Ill album represented a turning point in the history of the Vandals . It was their first album to feature Dave Quackenbush on vocals , who would remain the band 's singer throughout the rest of their career . It was also something of a departure from the punk rock formula of their previous releases , fusing a country and western style with their humorous brand of punk . The result was a sound the band called `` cowpunk '' which somewhat mocked the resurgence in popularity of country music in their native Huntington Beach . Two exceptions were the songs `` Shi'ite Punk '' and '' ( Illa Zilla ) Lady Killa , '' which relied heavily on scratch boxes . These songs were left off Country Tunes and replaced with the more country-sounding `` Play That Country Tuba , Cowboy '' and `` Complain . '' `` Shi'ite Punk '' was re-issued the following year on the special anniversary re-release of their album Fear of a Punk Planet .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5c7af7f764dcd430f6288eb813736ee8",
"text": "Hunx and His Punx Hunx and His Punx is an American punk band from San Francisco , California . Hunx , real name Seth Bogart , started the band in 2008 after years of performing in a gay pop group called Gravy Train !!!! The group 's sound has been compared to girl groups and is a mix of punk and bubblegum music . The band played its first national tour of the United States alongside Jay Reatard and Nobunny in 2009 . The band officially released its debut singles compilation album Gay Singles in 2010 on True Panther Sounds in the US and Born Bad in France . Hunx used to co-own ` Down At Lulu 's ' , a hair salon in Oakland , California , but sold it in 2011 . In January 2010 , Hunx began a tour featuring an all-girl backing band . The new line-up has been identified on the tour and in new songs such as `` Lovers Lane '' as Hunx and His Punkettes . In March 2010 , the band played in a tribute concert for the recently deceased Jay Reatard . In May 2010 , LensCrafters began airing a commercial featuring a short audio clip of `` Gimmie Gimmie Back Your Love . '' In October 2010 , Hunx and His Punx signed to Hardly Art . The band 's debut album for the label , Too Young to Be in Love , was released in April 2011 . It was produced in New York City by Ivan Julian of Richard Hell and The Voidoids . In June 2011 , Hunx announced that they would be playing their last show with the `` Punkettes '' due to Hunx and His Punx guitarists Amy Blaustein and Michelle Santamaria quitting . He then moved to Los Angeles . In February 2012 , Hunx released a solo album titled Hairdresser Blues on Hardly Art . In 2016 , he released his second solo album Seth Bogart under his birth name on Burger , featuring collaborations from Kathleen Hanna and Tavi Gevinson . Hunx and His Punx now consists of Seth Bogart , Shannon Shaw and Erin Emslie . They released Street Punk in 2013 and toured with a new guitarist Nik Johnson . In 2014 they released a greatest hits for their Japan Leg of Street Punk tour . Seth Bogart has since opened his own clothing line called Wacky Wacko that has been seen on some of his idols Miley Cyrus and Kathleen Hanna .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4a4b54fcdca649e93c4f5f6b8dfbd36",
"text": "The Untouchables (Los Angeles band) The Untouchables are a soul/mod revival band from the Silver Lake , Los Angeles , California area . Described by original lead singer Kevin Long as `` mods who played ska music , '' The Untouchables are credited with being America 's first ska band . They formed in 1981 as part of the embryonic L.A. mod revival , after being inspired by the ska revival/punk rock band The Boxboys . Since some could n't play instruments , they either hastily learned , or became vocalists . The original lineup included : Kevin Long ( vocals ) , Chuck Askerneese ( vocals ) , Terry Ellsworth ( rhythm guitar ) , Clyde Grimes ( guitar ) , Rob Lampron ( drums ) , Herman Askerneese ( bass ) and Jerry Miller ( vocals , timbales ) . After a shaky start playing at parties , the integrated septet were eventually booked at the O.N. Klub ( known as the On to regulars ) . The band had guaranteed the club that they would pack the venue , and they did not disappoint . In middle of that year , they released their first ( ska-styled ) 7 '' single , copies of which were snapped up by local mods . Late in 1982 , the band began a stint as the house band at the Roxy Theatre . Terry Ellsworth left the band in the summer of 1983 , at the height of the California mod revival . Josh Harris was added on keyboards , Timothy Moynahan on trombone and Will Donato ( who became a successful smooth jazz artist ) started on sax . Their second single , `` The General , '' became a minor local hit , despite poor distribution . The band performed `` The General '' in the 1984 comedy The Party Animal , and they appeared as a scooter gang in the movie Repo Man . In early 1984 , they were signed to Stiff Records . Concerts with The B-52 's , Black Uhuru , Bow Wow Wow , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Fishbone , No Doubt and X all over California gave the group a disparate following of whites , blacks , mods , punks , surfers and rockabilly fans , with the local performances drawing up to 1,500 people . The band also appeared in the 1984 film Surf II , performing `` Dance Beat '' , and 1987 's No Man 's Land , performing `` What 's Gone Wrong '' . Vocalist Kevin Long ( who had named the band ) left in 1984 . Guitarist Clyde Grimes took on more vocal leads , and in 1984 the band recorded `` Free Yourself '' , which became very popular , especially in the United Kingdom where it was a # 26 hit in April 1985 . The band has gone through many lineup changes since then , and as of 2006 , only vocalist Jerry Miller remains from the original lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8ad39933601602d21dce03701204ea6",
"text": "Buona Vita Buona Vita ( English : Good Life ; Greek : Ωραία Ζωή ) is the 1st Italian and 18th studio album by Greek recording artist Katy Garbi . The album will be released commercially in Italy on June 8 , 2013 by EGEA Music , with releases in various European locations thereafter . The album was produced by well-known Italian Producer Alberto Zeppieri . The album contains 12 newly recorded tracks , all Italian remakes of Garbi 's hits as well as some well-known Italian tracks , including 5 duets with well-known Italian artists such as Ornella Vanoni and Carlo Marrale .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2656355a834b0150d03bd2ae1e68ea2",
"text": "Calibraska (EP) Calibraska is an extended play ( EP ) by the American pop-rap duo Jack & Jack . Their debut extended play , Calibraska was independently released by the duo via the Philip J. Kaplan digital music distributor DistroKid on July 24 , 2015 . The title is a portmanteau of the U.S. states Nebraska , where the duo originate , and California , where they are now based . Within hours of its release , Calibraska charted at No. 1 on the iTunes on the U.S. iTunes albums chart ahead of DS2 by Future and 1989 by Taylor Swift .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c794759d94b0ecc708b25b2955a211dc",
"text": "List of songs written by Bonnie McKee American singer and songwriter Bonnie McKee has co-written eight number-one singles , which have sold more than 30 million copies worldwide combined . Her debut album Trouble was released in September 2004 . She singlehandedly wrote all but one song on the album , some when she was 14 and 15 years old . A standalone single , `` American Girl , '' was released in 2013 . An album was due for release in spring of 2014 but , by the end of the year , had not yet materialized , Instead , an EP , Bombastic was released in June 2015 . McKee also has over 50 songwriting credits for songs that have been recorded by other artists . Eight of these have topped either the British or the American charts . McKee has collaborated with pop singer Katy Perry , and the pair have written five of Perry 's number-one singles together : `` California Gurls '' , `` Teenage Dream '' , `` Last Friday Night ( T.G.I.F. ) '' , `` Part of Me '' and `` Roar '' . McKee has also written four other songs recorded by Perry . She co-wrote five songs on Britney Spears ' seventh studio album Femme Fatale , including `` Hold It Against Me '' , which topped the Billboard Hot 100 . McKee has co-written two singles that reached the number-one position on the UK Singles Chart : `` Dynamite '' by Taio Cruz and `` How We Do ( Party ) '' by Rita Ora . `` Dynamite '' became the second-best-selling song by a British artist in the digital era . In 2012 , McKee co-wrote three songs on Adam Lambert 's album Trespassing and two songs for Ke $ ha 's album Warrior , `` C'Mon '' and `` Supernatural '' , the former of which served as the second single from the record . She also co-wrote two songs that appear on Leona Lewis ' album Glassheart , including the album 's second single `` Lovebird '' . McKee has also co-written songs that have been recorded by Christina Aguilera , Kelly Clarkson , Cher , Carly Rae Jepsen and Ellie Goulding among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "45f93112c628133c23018b01da2a27f2",
"text": "Killer Queen by Katy Perry Killer Queen by Katy Perry is a fragrance created by American singer Katy Perry and Coty Inc. . The fragrance was released in 2013 , and follows her first two fragrances Purr and Meow ! . The perfume comes in a box that is red with gold touches , and the bottle is shaped like a red ruby .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9b9b27c3ab5d3dd31dd1224b29d03097",
"text": "Move to the Beat Move to the Beat is the name of Coca-Cola 's promotional campaign for the 2012 Summer Olympics in London . `` Anywhere in the World '' , the song by Mark Ronson and Katy B is the `` centerpiece '' of the campaign .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e423f23251c8fbf2d4978eacd226cd48",
"text": "California (Wilson Phillips album) California '' is the third studio album and the first cover album by American female group Wilson Phillips . The group reunited in 2003 to record it . It is their first studio album in twelve years . The album peaked at # 35 on the charts , and it sold 31,000 copies during the first week of its release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07ae333e1e71d5ab8f05e8cdfdab2d19",
"text": "LP (singer) Laura Pergolizzi ( born March 18 , 1981 ) is an American pop singer and songwriter , originally from Long Island , New York , who performs under the stage name LP . She moved to Los Angeles in 2010 . She has released three albums and one EP . As a songwriter , she has written for Cher , Rihanna , the Backstreet Boys and Christina Aguilera , among others .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8bd6f0ea9581bf806b473645243a01b1",
"text": "Made in California Made in California ( 1962 -- 2012 ) is a compilation box set by the Beach Boys , released on August 27 , 2013 . The set is released through Capitol Records and is packaged in a form emulating a high school yearbook . The set contains six CDs with tracks that span the band 's entire career , including outtakes , demos , B-sides , rarities , alternate takes and versions , over 60 previously unreleased . It supersedes the theretofore career-spanning 1993 box set Good Vibrations : Thirty Years of The Beach Boys , which followed a similar premise .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7924fc2cb2fa6729f29ed783c536a446",
"text": "Election Special Election Special is the 2012 fifteenth studio album by American singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist Ry Cooder . After his 2011 album Pull Up Some Dust and Sit Down , Cooder continued writing topical and storyline-inspired songs . Displeased with the Republican Party and its financial supporters , he also wanted to write an album that would address listeners during the United States presidential election of 2012 , which he believed to be a critical event in the country 's history . Election Special was recorded mostly at Drive-By Studios in North Hollywood and produced by Cooder . Election Special is an American roots and blues rock album of protest songs with music characterized by upbeat melodies , simple instrumentation , and sparse arrangements . Cooder played all of the instruments , including bass , guitar , and mandolin , with the exception of drums by his son Joachim . A deeply political album , it expands on the socio-political musings and current event topics of Pull Up Some Dust and Sit Down with forthright , satirical lyrics and song-form vignettes . Cooder 's songwriting exhibits liberal and populist sentiments and draws on older musical sources such as broadside ballads and country blues . Election Special was released by Perro Verde Records and Nonesuch Records on August 16 , 2012 , one week before the 2012 Republican National Convention . It received generally positive reviews from critics , who complimented its topical protest songs and Cooder 's musicianship . The album peaked at number 164 on the Billboard 200 chart in the US , but charted significantly higher in other countries . Cooder did not tour in promotion of the album , citing a lost interest in both playing large concert venues and the commercial aspect of releasing records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40e13998f94bdc592ccc0be6040e6aae",
"text": "Goodbye for Now (song) `` Goodbye for Now '' is a song by P.O.D. and the lead single from their sixth studio album , Testify , released in 2006 . It contains a young Katy Perry vamping over the final chorus of the song . The track was later included on Greatest Hits : The Atlantic Years in 2006 . `` Goodbye for Now '' received considerable radio play and was used in promotional videos for the film The Chronicles of Narnia : The Lion , the Witch and the Wardrobe . It is the band 's most successful single since 2002 's `` Youth of the Nation '' and reached No. 48 on the Billboard Hot 100 on January 31 , 2006 ( making it their third Hot 100 entry and Top 50 hit ) , No. 41 on the Billboard Pop 100 , No. 25 on the U.S. Modern Rock Tracks , and No. 17 on the U.S. Mainstream Rock Tracks . The song 's music video also reached the No. 1 spot on MTV 's TRL and became P.O.D. 's fourth No. 1 video . Musically , `` Goodbye for Now '' reintroduced rap vocals to P.O.D. 's singles catalog ; the style had not been prominently heard on any single since 2002 's `` Satellite . '' The song also emphasizes clean melody and vocal harmony while lacking any heavy guitar work . Katy Perry 's drawn out backup vocals enter during the final chorus shortly before the song comes to an end . P.O.D. frontman Sonny Sandoval described the feel and meaning behind `` Goodbye for Now '' in an MTV interview : `` It 's more of a laid-back track , it 's more of a vibe track , it 's definitely not the heavy side of P.O.D. , but lyrically it 's a hopeful song ... We know with just dealing with the people around us and just coming across so many people that there are a lot of people struggling out there . And being that positive influence that we like to have in our music , we are just trying to encourage people . No matter how bad today is , tomorrow has a bright promise and a bright future . There 's a lyric that says , ` If joy really comes in the morning time / Then I 'm going to sit back and wait until the next sunrise . ' And in our faith , we believe that joy does come in the morning time , so just hold on and hang out and tomorrow is a whole different day . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae90ccb774b113b7bf1bf0942f23d193",
"text": "Calm Down Gurrl Calm Down Gurrl is the sixth album and seventeenth Bravo stand-up comedy special by stand-up comedian Kathy Griffin and nineteenth overall . It was televised live from the Wells Fargo Center for the Arts in Santa Rosa , California on on Bravo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e3b6df7c790a7328180bf240fde1f96",
"text": "California 37 (album) California 37 is the sixth studio album from California rock band Train . The album was released on April 13 , 2012 through Columbia Records . It is the last Train album to feature drummer Scott Underwood before his departure in 2014 and the last recorded as a three-piece . It was preceded by the lead single `` Drive By '' on January 10 , 2012 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4f8fd8ef5271046ec7365a9b506e336",
"text": "California Stars (song) `` California Stars '' is an American folk song with lyrics by Woody Guthrie . Guthrie never recorded the song , but in 1998 it was recorded as part of Mermaid Avenue , a collection of Guthrie 's work that was put to music and recorded by British singer Billy Bragg and the American band Wilco . Music for the song was ultimately composed by Wilco lead singer Jeff Tweedy and guitarist Jay Bennett . In 1992 , Guthrie 's estate asked Bragg to set `` California Stars '' and other unrecorded works to music in what would become Mermaid Avenue . No date is known for the creation of the original lyrics , which could have taken place any time from the 1940 's to Guthrie 's death in 1967 . The lyrics are simple but surreal , describing the singer lying under the California sky and dreaming of lying with a lover on a `` bed '' of stars . A `` California Star '' is a complex geometric pattern used in making quilts , which could have been an influence on Guthrie 's writing , lending a more literal interpretation to the phrase `` a bed of California Stars . '' Wilco has frequently performed the song live , and it is one of their most popular recordings . Since being set to music , the song has been recorded and released by other musicians , including Bob Seger on his 2014 album Ride Out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "43c7404b03f21295e3697afe1a71985e",
"text": "Katy La Oruga Katy , la Oruga ( `` Katy , the Caterpillar '' ) is a special single by Lucerito , this single was a gift for the purchase of the Discopóster Magazine . First edition was released on 1984 . The songs from this single were included in the soundtrack of the Spanish-Mexican animated film of 1983 produced by Fabian Arnaud and directed by José Luis Moro and Santiago Moro and is based from an original story by Silvia Roche .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24fb8d9d455cccf5271cb58168748d17",
"text": "Greetings from California Greetings from California is the debut studio album by The Madden Brothers , whose members consist of Joel and Benji Madden from pop punk band Good Charlotte , which was released on September 16 , 2014 in the United States . The album 's first single , `` We Are Done '' , premiered on May 30 , 2014 on 102.7 KIIS FM . The music video for the single premiered on June 30 , 2014 and on July 7 , 2014 , `` We Are Done '' reached # 1 on the Australian iTunes songs chart . The album was made available for pre-ordering on the iTunes Store on July 4 , 2014 with `` California Rain '' made available for immediate download . The album is split into two `` sides '' . The first filled with upbeat , sunny pop rock produced by their long-time collaborator Eric Valentine , who also produced Good Charlotte 's The Young and the Hopeless and The Chronicles of Life and Death . Side two is produced by Joe Chiccarelli , is inspired by `` 70s-era FM pop . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70917eeefaf6a92dffc5645847187605",
"text": "Sara Bareilles discography American singer-songwriter Sara Bareilles has released five studio albums , two demo albums , three live albums , five extended plays , eleven singles and nine music videos . After graduating from University of California , Los Angeles , Bareilles independently released her debut album Careful Confessions in January 2004 . In 2005 , music executive Charlie Walk signed her to a record deal with Epic Records . A year after , she began to work with Eric Rosse on her second studio album , Little Voice , which featured re-recorded songs that were originally on Careful Confessions . Little Voice was released on July 2007 and entered the Billboard 200 chart in the United States at number 45 , which marked as her chart debut . The album became a commercial success , it peaked on the chart at number 7 and was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America ( RIAA ) for shipments of one million copies in the United States , subsequently becoming her most successful studio album to date . Its lead single , `` Love Song '' , became a worldwide hit , charting at the top-ten in many regions . Epic released two additional singles , `` Bottle It Up '' and `` Gravity '' , from Little Voice . After experiencing a writer 's block , she began to work for her third studio album with Neal Avron in 2009 . The album , Kaleidoscope Heart , was released on September 2010 and debuted at the top of the Billboard 200 chart . Its lead single , `` King of Anything '' , became a top-forty hit on the Billboard Hot 100 , and was succeeded by `` Uncharted '' and `` Gon na Get Over You '' as the album 's subsequent single releases . In 2013 , Bareilles began to work for her fourth studio album , The Blessed Unrest , after moving to New York City . The album was released on July 2013 and entered the Billboard 200 chart at number 2 . Two singles , `` Brave '' and `` I Choose You '' , were released from The Blessed Unrest , with `` Brave '' surpassing `` Love Song '' as her longest-staying song on the Billboard Hot 100 . According to Epic Records , Bareilles has sold over 1.75 million albums and 9 million singles in the United States .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
8d86a0492157ecc59ee854ec5598a684 | The Muse stars Albert Brooks. | [
{
"docid": "4e2dc0e787c42259f75ddcd686221f69",
"text": "The Muse (1999 film) The Muse is a 1999 comedy film starring Albert Brooks , Sharon Stone , Andie MacDowell and Jeff Bridges , directed by Brooks .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "727a5f81ecdf15d23a0036c430cc3ea6",
"text": "Real Life (1979 film) Real Life is a 1979 American comedy film starring Albert Brooks ( in his directorial debut ) , who also co-authored the screenplay . It is a spoof of the 1973 reality television program An American Family and portrays a documentary filmmaker named Albert Brooks who attempts to live with and film a dysfunctional family for one full year . Charles Grodin co-stars as the family 's patriarch who consents to permit cameras in his Arizona home . Real-life producer Jennings Lang also has an acting role in Real Life .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aae1bc443c28cbc1c4a97b19c61a83f4",
"text": "Patricia Brooks Patricia Brooks ( November 7 , 1937 -- January 22 , 1993 ) , was a lyric soprano , actress , and opera singer , who performed primarily with the New York City Opera . She was known for her acting ability as much as for her voice .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6561287ebef902162777090e28cf30f7",
"text": "I'm from Missouri I 'm from Missouri is a 1939 American comedy film directed by Theodore Reed and written by Duke Atteberry and Jack Moffitt . The film stars Bob Burns , Gladys George , Gene Lockhart , Judith Barrett , William `` Bill '' Henry and Patricia Morison . The film was released on April 7 , 1939 , by Paramount Pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bbc63f7beb005cb0caada8b3d8fdb17a",
"text": "Springtime in the Rockies Springtime in the Rockies is an American Technicolor musical comedy film released by Twentieth Century Fox in 1942 . It stars Betty Grable , with support from John Payne , Carmen Miranda , Cesar Romero , Charlotte Greenwood , and Edward Everett Horton . Also appearing were Grable 's future husband Harry James and his band . The director was Irving Cummings . The screenplay was based on the short story `` Second Honeymoon '' by Philip Wylie .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f05293b10339fc595ca0498ccdefeda7",
"text": "Abbie Mitchell __ NOTOC __ Abriea `` Abbie '' Mitchell Cook ( 25 September 1884 -- 16 March 1960 ) , also billed as Abbey Mitchell , was an American soprano opera singer who sang the role of `` Clara '' in the premier production of George Gershwin 's Porgy and Bess in 1935 , and was also the first to record `` Summertime '' from that musical . Mitchell was the daughter of an African-American mother and a Jewish-German father from New York City 's Lower East Side . She was reared by a maternal aunt , Alice Payne , in Baltimore , Maryland , where she attended a convent school . After finishing her school education in Baltimore , she started studying voice in New York in 1897 . The next year composer Will Marion Cook and lyricist Paul L. Dunbar cast her in their musical comedy Clorindy ; or , the Origin of the Cakewalk . It was so successful that it ran for the whole season at the Casino Roof Garden . She married Cook a year later , and appeared in the lead role in his Jes Lak White Folks ( 1899 ) . She also appeared in his production The Southerners ( 1904 ) . Cook and Mitchell had a daughter , Marion Abigail Cook , in 1900 , and a son , Will Mercer Cook , in 1903 . Their daughter , raised by family members as had been Mitchell herself , married dancer Louis Douglas . Their son became a professor at Howard University and United States Ambassador to Niger and Senegal . In London she premiered the principal role in the 1903 musical In Dahomey , produced by the team of George Walker and Bert Williams , with music composed by her husband Cook . The cakewalk , considered old fashioned by the cast , was almost cut from the show , but proved popular with audiences and became a fad in the United Kingdom . Mitchell received international acclaim for her performance , and was invited to appear at a command performance for King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra at Buckingham Palace . Mitchell later performed with the Black Patti 's Troubadours , and in the operetta The Red Moon ( 1908 ) by Bob Cole and J. Rosamond Johnson . In 1913 , she appeared in the unfinished film Lime Kiln Field Day with Bert Williams , and produced by Klaw and Erlanger . In 1919 , Mitchell went to Europe with Cook 's Southern Syncopated Orchestra . In New York , she appeared on the concert stage and in opera . Mitchell 's 1935 appearance in Porgy and Bess was her last musical role on the stage , after which `` she taught and coached many singers in New York and appeared in many ` spoken ' dramatic roles on the stage . '' She performed in New York City and taught at the Tuskegee Institute in Alabama . Lee De Forest made a short film Songs of Yesteryear ( 1922 ) of Mitchell singing , using his DeForest Phonofilm sound-on-film process . This film is preserved in the Maurice Zouary film collection at the Library of Congress . Mitchell died in New York on 16 March 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eecd08ca4160cc411778149bb25f3c96",
"text": "The Seven Descents of Myrtle The Seven Descents of Myrtle is a play by Tennessee Williams . It originally began as a short story , which Williams then turned into a one-act play , and then later revised it into the seven-act play that is accepted today . Its title character is reminiscent of another Williams ' heroine , Blanche Dubois in A Streetcar Named Desire . Originally titled Kingdom of Earth , the serio-comic play focuses on Lot , a tubercular neurotic youth who is an impotent transvestite overly attached to the memory of his late mother . He has returned to his ancestral home , a decaying house on the edge of a river on the verge of overflowing , with his new bride Myrtle , a sometime prostitute and former showgirl , the sole survivor of the Five Memphis Hot Shots . She dwells in a fantasy world of romantic illusions , one of which is to nurse Lot back to health so they can consummate their marriage , but soon discovers Lot only wants to use her to steal the deed to the property from his multiracial half-brother Chicken , who has lived on and farmed the property for years . Once he meets Myrtle , he gets some romantic designs of his own . The Broadway production was produced by David Merrick and directed by José Quintero . After two previews , it opened on March 27 , 1968 , at the Ethel Barrymore Theatre and closed after 29 performances . It starred Brian Bedford as Lot , Harry Guardino as Chicken , and Estelle Parsons as Myrtle . She was nominated for the Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play . In 1970 , the play was adapted to a feature film and released under the title Last of the Mobile Hot Shots ( aka `` Blood Kin '' ) . A 1975 production in London , at the Greenwood Theatre , starring Marianne Faithfull as Myrtle , was cancelled after just three performances when Ms Faithfull fell ill with peritonitis . In 1976 , the play had its West Coast premiere at The Pasadena Repertory Theatre located in The Hotel Carver in Pasadena , California . It starred Marie Peckinpah as Myrtle , Duane Waddell as Chicken , and Ed Harris as Lot . It featured a remarkable three story , rain-drenched set by Howard Whalen . The play was presented under Williams ' original title `` Kingdom of Earth '' and ran for approximately 24 weekend performances over three months . It was directed by Gill Dennis , with executive producer Duane Waddell , and produced by Kevin Cloud Brechner . In 1991 , the play was produced in the UK at the Redgrave Theatre , Farnham starring Kit Hollerbach as Myrtle , Stephen Hattersley as Chicken and Marc Warren as Lot in a production directed by Bill Bankes-Jones . Stephen Hattersley won Best Actor 1991 in the TMA Awards for his performance in this production . In 2011 it was revived at the Print Room in Notting Hill , under its alternative title Kingdom of Earth , directed by Lucy Bailey . In 2012 , Tom Hiddleston did a reading of the short story version for the series Stories Before Bedtime at the Criterion-Theatre in the United Kingdom . This short story is a more erotic version written in the first person from the perspective of Chicken .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51d27089426ba0c878f15d94ad7be7d9",
"text": "Mark Brooks (director) Mark Brooks is an American producer , director , writer and musician .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6af7a0282c65e446ecd4ae03f63be146",
"text": "King Lear (1953 film) King Lear is a 1953 live television adaptation of the Shakespeare play staged by Peter Brook and starring Orson Welles . Preserved on kinescope , it aired October 18 , 1953 , as part of the CBS television series Omnibus , hosted by Alistair Cooke . The cast includes Micheál Mac Liammóir and Alan Badel .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1c745e2edb058bed3320e9ba762301c7",
"text": "Roger Miller Roger Dean Miller , Sr. ( January 2 , 1936 -- October 25 , 1992 ) was an American singer-songwriter , musician , and actor , best known for his honky-tonk-influenced novelty songs . His most recognized tunes included the chart-topping country/pop hits `` King of the Road '' , `` Dang Me '' , and `` England Swings '' , all from the mid-1960s Nashville sound era . After growing up in Oklahoma and serving in the United States Army , Miller began his musical career as a songwriter in the late 1950s , penning such hits as `` Billy Bayou '' and `` Home '' for Jim Reeves and `` Invitation to the Blues '' for Ray Price . He later began a recording career and reached the peak of his fame in the mid-1960s , continuing to record and tour into the 1990s , charting his final top 20 country hit `` Old Friends '' with Willie Nelson in 1982 . He also wrote and performed several of the songs for the 1973 Disney animated film Robin Hood . Later in his life , he wrote the music and lyrics for the 1985 Tony-award winning Broadway musical Big River , in which he acted . Miller died from lung cancer in 1992 , and was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame three years later . His songs continued to be recorded by younger artists , with covers of `` Tall , Tall Trees '' by Alan Jackson and `` Husbands and Wives '' by Brooks & Dunn , each reaching the number one spot on country charts in the 1990s . The Roger Miller Museum in his home town of Erick , Oklahoma , is a tribute to Miller .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "486ba469045b01d35fd902f6f4553bb0",
"text": "The Producers (1968 film) The Producers is a 1968 American satirical comedy film written and directed by Mel Brooks and starring Zero Mostel , Gene Wilder , Dick Shawn , and Kenneth Mars . The film was Brooks 's directorial debut , and he won an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay . Although the release date was officially 1968 , the premier took place in Pittsburgh on November 22 , 1967 . Decades later , the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry and placed eleventh on the AFI 's 100 Years ... 100 Laughs list . It was later remade by Brooks as an acclaimed Broadway stage musical , which itself was adapted for a 2005 feature film starring Nathan Lane and Matthew Broderick .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "22fdedff2cdfd436f6fb849ad7dc50c9",
"text": "The Man in the Saddle (1926 film) The Man in the Saddle is a lost 1926 American Western film directed by Lynn Reynolds and Clifford Smith , starring Hoot Gibson and featuring Boris Karloff .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b02359e04a6cf69452110f5e57fba25c",
"text": "The Tragic Muse The Tragic Muse is a novel by Henry James , first published as a serial in The Atlantic Monthly in 1889-1890 and then as a book in 1890 . This wide , cheerful panorama of English life follows the fortunes of two would-be artists : Nick Dormer , who vacillates between a political career and his efforts to become a painter , and Miriam Rooth , an actress striving for artistic and commercial success . A huge cast of supporting characters help and hinder their pursuits .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad427ee41ccafeab086c5edc403e772d",
"text": "Enchanted April (1992 film) Enchanted April is a 1992 film directed by Mike Newell . The screenplay by Peter Barnes was adapted from Elizabeth von Arnim 's 1922 novel The Enchanted April . The film stars Miranda Richardson , Josie Lawrence , Polly Walker and Joan Plowright , with Alfred Molina , Michael Kitchen and Jim Broadbent in supporting roles .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "12e3f38c8c2a29acf996a94d7073fb78",
"text": "Herbert Marshall Herbert Brough Falcon Marshall ( 23 May 1890 -- 22 January 1966 ) was an English stage , screen and radio actor who , in spite of losing a leg during the First World War , starred in many popular and well-regarded Hollywood films in the 1930s and 1940s . After a successful theatrical career in the United Kingdom and North America , he became an in-demand Hollywood leading man , frequently appearing in romantic melodramas and occasional comedies . In his later years , he turned to character acting . The son of actors , Marshall is best remembered for roles in Ernst Lubitsch 's Trouble in Paradise ( 1932 ) , Alfred Hitchcock 's Murder ! ( 1930 ) and Foreign Correspondent ( 1940 ) , William Wyler 's The Letter ( 1940 ) and The Little Foxes ( 1941 ) , Albert Lewin 's The Moon and Sixpence ( 1942 ) , Edmund Goulding 's The Razor 's Edge ( 1946 ) , and Kurt Neumann 's The Fly ( 1958 ) . He appeared onscreen with many of the most prominent leading ladies of Hollywood 's Golden Age , including Greta Garbo , Marlene Dietrich and Bette Davis . From 1944 to 1952 , Marshall starred in his own radio series , The Man Called ` X ' . Often praised for the quality of his voice , he made numerous radio guest appearances and hosted several shows . He performed on television as well . The actor , known for his charm , married five times and periodically appeared in gossip columns because of his sometimes turbulent private life . During the Second World War , he worked on the rehabilitation of injured troops , especially aiding amputees like himself . Marshall received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1960 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "269ec485fdaae1870c0bf81314c3cc48",
"text": "Albert Steinrück Albert Steinrück ( 20 May 1872 -- 10 February 1929 ) was a German film actor of the silent era . He appeared in 88 films between 1910 and 1929 . He starred in the 1923 film The Treasure , which was directed by Georg Wilhelm Pabst . He was also a leading role in the pioneering German expressionist 1920 Film ` The Golem ' , in which he plays a Rabbi .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1e17b7be5df2592645af0393c5108c4d",
"text": "Al Brooks Al Brooks may refer to : Albert Brooks ( born 1947 ) , American actor Alfred Brooks ( dancer ) ( 1916-2005 ) , American modern dancer and dance company founder",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6f89c99268ad88eec2cfd53e66e778fa",
"text": "Muse (Grace Jones album) Muse is the third studio album by Grace Jones , released in September 4 , 1979 by Island Records .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db226992bf32f04bb5ec1dac4412d63b",
"text": "The Flame (Cheap Trick song) `` The Flame '' is a ballad written by British songwriters Bob Mitchell and Nick Graham . The song was first offered to English singer Elkie Brooks , who turned it down , and was then released by Cheap Trick , for whom it was a hit single in 1988 . The song appeared on the band 's Lap of Luxury album . `` The Flame '' reached number one on the American Billboard Hot 100 in July 1988 . It also reached number one in Australia and Canada .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d801e4549904500be655a4ff208141e2",
"text": "Artie Shaw Artie Shaw ( born Arthur Jacob Arshawsky ; May 23 , 1910 -- December 30 , 2004 ) was an American clarinetist , composer , bandleader , and actor . Also an author , Shaw wrote both fiction and non-fiction . Widely regarded as `` one of jazz 's finest clarinetists , '' Shaw led one of the United States ' most popular big bands in the late 1930s through the early 1940s . Though he had numerous hit records , he was perhaps best known for his 1938 recording of Cole Porter 's `` Begin the Beguine . '' Prior to the release of `` Beguine , '' Shaw and his fledgling band had languished in relative obscurity for over two years and , after its release , he became a major pop artist within short order . The record eventually became one of the era 's defining recordings . Musically restless , Shaw was also an early proponent of what became known much later as Third Stream music , which blended elements of classical and jazz forms and traditions . His music influenced other musicians , such as John Barry in England , with the vamp of the James Bond Theme , possibly influenced by `` Nightmare , '' which also has a similar vamp to Kurt Weill 's `` Lonely House . '' Shaw also recorded with small jazz groups drawn from within the ranks of the various big bands he led . He served in the US Navy from 1942 to 1944 , ( during which time he led a morale-building band that toured the South Pacific amidst the chaos of World War II ) and , following his discharge in 1944 , he returned to lead a band through 1945 . Following the breakup of that band , he began to focus on other interests and gradually withdrew from the world of being a professional musician and major celebrity , although he remained a force in popular music and jazz before retiring from music completely in 1954 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f172baea54eeeac586934a3155d3a97",
"text": "Muse Entertainment Muse Entertainment is a Canadian producer of films and television programs founded by Michael Prupas in 1998 . The company gained press attention in 2011 for their production of the multi-Emmy winning and nominated miniseries The Kennedys in association with Asylum Entertainment .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
df82b4641a0a310321105a4e595c360a | Kiiara is a cat. | [
{
"docid": "3e8110ee9df9ee32952c852b980382fa",
"text": "Kiiara Kiara Saulters ( born May 24 , 1995 ) , known professionally as Kiiara , is an American singer and songwriter from Wilmington , Illinois . She is currently signed to Atlantic Records . Her music is described as downcast electronic pop with bass-heavy , trap-style rap production .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "b6118eb329a4c18673bceccd926a5e4f",
"text": "Into the Wild (novel) Into the Wild is a children 's fantasy novel written by Erin Hunter after concepts and outlines created and developed by Victoria Holmes . The novel was published by HarperCollins in Canada and the United States in January 2003 , and in the United Kingdom in February 2003 . It is the first novel in the Warriors series . The book has been published in paperback , and e-book formats in twenty different languages . The story is about a young domestic cat named Rusty who leaves his human owners to join a group of forest-dwelling feral cats called ThunderClan , adopting a new name : Firepaw . He is trained to defend and hunt for the Clan , becomes embroiled in a murder and betrayal within the Clan , and , at the end of the book , receives his warrior name , Fireheart , after a battle with another Clan . The novel is written from the perspective of Fireheart ( previously known as Rusty for a short time , then , for most of the book , Firepaw ) . The series began in 2003 when HarperCollins requested Holmes to write a book on feral cats . After creating one storyline Holmes brought in Kate Cary to finish writing the book as Holmes went behind the scenes to edit and supervise the details . Holmes has compared the style of the book to a different language as the books are written by three separate authors . She feels that Erin Hunter must have a consistent voice the entire series . The story uses a lexicon with words such as `` twoleg '' substituted for `` human '' or `` new-leaf '' for `` spring '' . The style has been compared to the Harry Potter series , J.R.R. Tolkien and Brian Jacques . Themes include family , loyalty , death , courage , and survival . Into the Wild was critically well received . Booklist believed the book would appeal to followers of Brian Jacques ' Redwall series . Among other awards , it claimed third place in the 2006 Young Reader 's Choice Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "64156b037c0fcea434dc06ec84db14e5",
"text": "Kellas cat The Kellas cat is a small black feline found in Scotland . Once thought to be a mythological wild cat , with its few sightings dismissed as hoaxes , a specimen was killed by being caught in a snare in 1984 by a gamekeeper named Ronnie Douglas and found to be a hybrid between wild and domestic sub-species of Felis silvestris . It is not a formal breed of cat , but a landrace of felid hybrids . It is named after the village of Kellas , Moray , where it was first found . The historian Charles Thomas speculates that the Pictish stone at Golspie may depict a Kellas . The Golspie stone , now held at the Dunrobin Castle Museum , shows a cat-like creature standing on top of a salmon which may allude to the characteristics ascribed to a Kellas of catching fish while river swimming . Andrew Kitchener , researcher and Natural Sciences curator at the National Museum of Scotland , examined eight specimens of black felines . One carcass was already in the Museum 's collection ; the remaining seven were supplied by Di Francis , who is described by Thomas as a `` writer , researcher and practical naturalist '' . Kitchener 's analysis identified one of the animals as a melanistic wild cat ; this juvenile male was the first wild cat ever documented as melanistic in Scotland . Most of the other specimens examined were concluded to be hybrids but more closely aligned to the wild cat ; only one hybrid leaned more towards a domestic cat . The Kellas cat is described as being 24 to long , with powerful and long hind legs and a tail that can grow to be around 12 in long ; its weight can range from 5 to . Douglas had measured the animal snared in 1984 and he stated it was 15 in to shoulder height and 43 in in length . A specimen is kept in a museum in Elgin . The Zoology Museum of the University of Aberdeen also hold a mounted specimen that was found during 2002 in the Insch area of Aberdeenshire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9bdfbfc0659c0db620070d65b79d211a",
"text": "Cat agility Cat agility is a sport in which trained cats are lured through timed obstacle courses by their handlers . Cat agility contests , like similarly themed dog agility contests , are modeled after the equestrian sport of show jumping . Under the rules , cats must complete a course in under 270 seconds , completing each obstacle in a prescribed manner . Lures such as laser pointers and toys on string may be used , but food treats are not allowed . The obstacles are arranged in a circle and include tunnels , steps , and poles . For a typical contest there are between six and fourteen obstacles , and the winning cats complete the course in about ten seconds . The first known cat agility contest was held in Albuquerque , New Mexico by Vickie Shields and three friends in 2003 . By the late 2000s , the contests were popular worldwide , with approximately 40 held each year in connection with cat shows . In the US , the two largest cat fancy organizations , The Cat Fanciers Association ( CFA ) , and The International Cat Association ( TICA ) both have feline agility competitions , which have met with mixed success and popularity . CFA awarded its first National Agility Win in the 2006-07 season , with the top cat in Agility competition being Zehnder 's Twyla Mooner of Hitails , a blue Abyssinian female . Twyla was born in 2005 and competed in -- and won -- her first agility competition as a five-month-old kitten , without ever having any prior training , or practice in , running an obstacle course .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e5cc0e2448b3fa2f66a91d0c39005a67",
"text": "Ring-tailed lemur The ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta ) is a large strepsirrhine primate and the most recognized lemur due to its long , black and white ringed tail . It belongs to Lemuridae , one of five lemur families , and is the only member of the Lemur genus . Like all lemurs it is endemic to the island of Madagascar . Known locally in Malagasy as maky ( -LSB- makʲ -RSB- , spelled maki in French ) or hira , it inhabits gallery forests to spiny scrub in the southern regions of the island . It is omnivorous and the most terrestrial of extant lemurs . The animal is diurnal , being active exclusively in daylight hours . The ring-tailed lemur is highly social , living in groups of up to 30 individuals . It is also female dominant , a trait common among lemurs . To keep warm and reaffirm social bonds , groups will huddle together . The ring-tailed lemur will also sunbathe , sitting upright facing its underside , with its thinner white fur towards the sun . Like other lemurs , this species relies strongly on its sense of smell and marks its territory with scent glands . The males perform a unique scent marking behavior called spur marking and will participate in stink fights by impregnating their tail with their scent and wafting it at opponents . As one of the most vocal primates , the ring-tailed lemur uses numerous vocalizations including group cohesion and alarm calls . Experiments have shown that the ring-tailed lemur , despite the lack of a large brain ( relative to simiiform primates ) , can organize sequences , understand basic arithmetic operations and preferentially select tools based on functional qualities . Despite reproducing readily in captivity and being the most populous lemur in zoos worldwide , numbering more than 2,000 individuals , the ring-tailed lemur is listed as endangered by the IUCN Red List due to habitat destruction and hunting for bush meat and the exotic pet trade . At present ( as of early 2017 ) , the population in the wild is believed to have crashed as low as 2,000 individuals due to habitat loss , poaching and hunting , making them far more critically endangered .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7d82bd960033b6a5d5059b9363f6a979",
"text": "Te Matua Ngahere Te Matua Ngahere is a giant kauri ( Agathis australis ) coniferous tree in the Waipoua Forest of Northland Region , New Zealand . The tree 's Maori name means `` Father of the Forest '' . Although not as massive or tall as its neighbour Tāne Mahuta , Te Matua Ngahere is stouter , with a girth just over 16 m . It is believed to be the second largest living kauri tree , and to have the biggest girth of any kauri in the country . According to The New Zealand Herald , it has the biggest girth of any tree in New Zealand . As there is no means of measuring the tree 's age , it is variously estimated to be between 1200 and 2000 years old ; or between 2000 and 3000 years old ; or even 4000 years old . One resource , published by National Geographic Books , claims that Te Matua Ngahere may be the oldest tree in New Zealand , while another suggests that it 's the oldest rainforest tree on earth . Claimed to be revered by the Māori , Te Matua Ngahere is said to be under their special protection . The tree , a remnant of the ancient rain forest that once grew on the North Auckland Peninsula , has a relationship with other flora , such as orchids , clubmoss , and a rata tree that grew on it . Unfortunately , the Te Matua Ngahere suffered severe damage in July 2007 , due to extreme winter storms in Northland when the rata which was growing on top of Te Matua Ngahere , was felled by strong storm winds , and took with it the central leader of Te Matua Ngahere plus several of its branches , thus shortening its life by hundreds of years .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff5510a5a6d4f310e6a1665be1516033",
"text": "Kora (pilgrimage) __ NOTOC __ Kora ( , THL : kor ra ) is a transliteration of a Tibetan word that means `` circumambulation '' or `` revolution '' . Kora is both a type of pilgrimage and a type of meditative practice in the Tibetan Buddhist or Bon traditions . A Kora is performed by the practitioner making a circumambulation a in a clockwise fashion round a sacred site or object , typically as a constituent part of a pilgrimage , ceremony , celebration or ritual . However , in broader terms , it is a term that is often used to refer to the entire pilgrimage experience in the Tibetan regions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e9402de833a364039c1f6ab949585e0",
"text": "Jungle cat The jungle cat ( Felis chaus ) , also called the reed cat or swamp cat , is a medium-sized cat native to the Middle East , South and Southeast Asia and southern China . It is a member of the genus Felis and was first described by Johann Anton Güldenstädt in 1776 . Johann Christian Daniel von Schreber gave the jungle cat its present binomial name and is therefore generally considered as binomial authority . Ten subspecies are recognised at present . The jungle cat is a large , long-legged cat ; it stands nearly 36 cm at shoulder and weighs 2 -- . Its sandy , reddish-brown or grey coat is uniformly coloured and without spots ; melanistic and albino individuals are also known . Moults occur biannually . Typically diurnal , the jungle cat hunts throughout the day . Solitary in nature , jungle cats do not interact appreciably except in the mating season . The only prominent interaction is the mother-kitten bond . Territories are maintained by urine spraying and scent marking . The cat is primarily a carnivore , and prefers small mammals ( gerbils , hares and rodents ) and birds . It hunts by stalking its prey , followed by a sprint or a leap ; the sharp ears help in pinpointing the location of prey . Both sexes become sexually mature by the time they are a year old ; females enter oestrus from January to March . Mating behaviour is similar to that in the domestic cat : the male pursues the female in oestrus , seizes her by the nape of her neck and mounts her . Gestation lasts nearly two months . Births take place between December and June , though this might vary geographically . Kittens begin to catch their own prey at around six months and leave the mother after eight or nine months . The jungle cat is a habitat generalist ; it inhabits places with adequate water and dense vegetation , such as swamps , wetlands and riparian areas . Despite its name , the jungle cat shuns rainforests and woodlands . The jungle cat is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List and is mainly threatened by destruction of wetlands , trapping and poisoning . The status of the cat in the wild needs further study , though populations are thought to be declining .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2176b9c1af06dc1b425b5b8efbb053f0",
"text": "The Kiesha'ra Series The Kiesha ` ra Series is a set of five fantasy novels written by the young adult author , Amelia Atwater-Rhodes , which focus on several races of shapeshifters , including the avians ( bird people ) , the serpiente ( snake people ) , and the shm ` Ahnmik ( falcon people ) . The series title , which is in a language from the series called ha'Shmla , translates as `` Children of Kiesha . '' Kiesha is the first cobra serpiente , from whom the royal line of the Cobriana descends .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "857b83f61b5a71713b381c327afb78bc",
"text": "List of Cat's Eye episodes is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Tsukasa Hojo . It was serialized in Weekly Shōnen Jump from 1981 to 1985 , and collected into 18 tankōbon by Shueisha . The story follows the adventures of the three Kisugi sisters , Hitomi , Rui and Ai , who are art thieves trying to collect all the works belonging to their missing father . Cat 's Eye was adapted into an anime series by Tokyo Movie Shinsha and directed by Yoshio Takeuchi . Thirty-Six episodes were broadcast between July 11 , 1983 until March 26 , 1984 . The opening theme Cat 's Eye by Anri . Dancing with the Sunshine was the ending theme . For episodes 1-12 it was performed by Anril . For episodes 13-36 it was performed by Cathi Linn . A Second series was later produced that ran for Thirty-Seven episodes from October 8 , 1984 until July 8 , 1985 . The opening theme was Derringer by Mariko Tone and the ending theme was Hot Stuff by Sherry Savage . For the 30th anniversary of the anime , the series was released in Japan on Blu-Ray format from a new transfer . Two boxsets , one for each series were published by King Records on March 13 , 2013 . The boxset for the second series came with a DVD-ROM of animation artwork . On April 16 , 2007 , ImaginAsian announced that they would broadcast the first season of Cat 's Eye on ImaginAsian TV , and would thereafter give the series its first North American home video release , which happened in September 2007 . The show began broadcasting in June of that year , with the first DVD released later that September . As of August 2008 , it is currently unavailable . However , ImaginAsian still held the license and was working to someday re-release the series . At Anime Expo 2013 , Right Stuf Inc. announced that they had licensed the series and will be release it on DVD under their Nozomi label .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7fa4380929246cecb64cf9a9f8b0cd3c",
"text": "Tjilpa Tjilpa is the name given to a marsupial cat amongst the Northern Aranda language group of Australian Aboriginal people . There are many dreamtime stories of tribes of ancestral Tjilpa-men , who had a significant mythological role . The geographical range of these stories includes Aranda , Unmatjera , Kaititja , Ngalia , Ilpara and Kukatja lands . Category : Australian Aboriginal mythology Category : Arrernte",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "26e015aea4c3356787130ad7fb93f0b9",
"text": "Tonkinese cat Tonkinese are a domestic cat breed produced by crossbreeding between the Siamese and Burmese . They share many of their parents ' distinctively lively , playful personality traits and are similarly distinguished by a pointed coat pattern in a variety of colors . In addition to the modified coat colors of the `` mink '' pattern , which is a dilution of the point color ( as in watercolors ) , the breed is now being shown in the foundation-like Siamese and Burmese colors : pointed with white and Solid overall ( sepia . ) They are also now designated a natural breed , as their history has now determined them to have been extant since the 14th Century .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "afa3ece3f5c9ae4c1039c9941bc36308",
"text": "The Cat (2011 film) The Cat ( ; lit . `` The Cat : Eyes that See Death '' ) is a 2011 South Korean horror film directed by Byun Seung-wook . The film is about So-yeon ( Park Min-young ) , who works at a small pet-grooming shop called Kitty N Puppy . So-yeon suffers from claustrophobia and starts having apparitions of a ghostly young girl with cat-like eyes ( Kim Ye-ron ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19fd89937e591725f2c3996eec4c6114",
"text": "Cat Power Charlyn Marie `` Chan '' Marshall -LSB- ʃɑːrlɪn_məri_ʃɒn_mɑːrʃəl -RSB- ( born January 21 , 1972 ) , better known by her stage name Cat Power , is an American singer-songwriter , musician , occasional actress , and model . Cat Power was originally the name of Marshall 's first band , but has become her moniker as a solo artist . Marshall was discovered opening for Liz Phair in 1994 by Steve Shelley of Sonic Youth and Tim Foljahn of Two Dollar Guitar , with whom she recorded her first two albums , Dear Sir ( 1995 ) and Myra Lee ( 1996 ) , on the same day in 1994 . In 1996 she signed with Matador Records , and released a third album of new material with Shelley and Foljahn , What Would the Community Think . Following this she released the critically acclaimed Moon Pix ( 1998 ) , recorded with members of Dirty Three , and The Covers Record ( 2000 ) , a collection of sparsely recorded cover songs . After a brief hiatus she reemerged in 2003 with You Are Free , featuring guest musicians Dave Grohl and Eddie Vedder , followed by the soul-influenced The Greatest ( 2006 ) , recorded with numerous Memphis studio musicians , and a second covers album , Jukebox ( 2008 ) . In 2012 she released the self-produced Sun , which opened at number 10 on the Billboard 200 , the highest charting album of her career to date . Critics have noted the constant evolution of Cat Power 's sound , with a `` mix of punk , folk and blues '' on her earliest albums , and elements of soul and other genres more prevalent in her later material . Her 2012 album Sun incorporated electronica , in a self-proclaimed move from the `` really slow guitar songs '' she initially wrote for the album .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "798279cdc21d0b7ff3d39d251ab23bc9",
"text": "Cat Bauer Catherine `` Cat '' Bauer ( born July 27 , 1955 in Greenville , South Carolina ) is the award-winning author of contemporary novels featuring the young protagonist , Harley Columba , and is known for her unique and honest voice . Publishers Weekly said , `` Bauer creates a witty and resilient narrator in ... Harley Columba ... Readers will be rooting for this sympathetic heroine . '' In the Thomson Gale biography , the authors noted that : `` Readers and reviewers often found the strength of Bauer 's novel in the authentic voice of its heroine , Harley . Patricia Morrow , for example , in Voice of Youth Advocates ( VOYA ) , remarked that ` Harley 's voice is true to the experience of many young people , ' and that ` Although the outcomes are not unexpected , they do not follow any formulas . ' '' Bauer is the oldest of five children . She was born on an Air Force Base where her father was stationed in Greenville , South Carolina . According to family lore , she was struck by ball lightning while sleeping in her bassinet during a thunderstorm . She spent the first five years of her life in Kearney , New Jersey in the same three-family house as her paternal grandparents , and her summers at the Bauer family property on Bodin Lake in Upstate New York . Her grandfather was the foreman of Kearfott , where her father was also an engineer . When she was nearly five years old , her grandparents relocated to Montreat , North Carolina , while her immediate family moved to Pompton Lakes , New Jersey , a small , suburban town in North Jersey which Bauer has fictionalized in her novels as `` Lenape Lakes '' -- `` only forty-five minutes outside of New York City , if there 's no traffic , although it may as well be four zillion light-years away since no one from here ever goes there . '' Bauer learned to read and use the slide rule before she went to kindergarten , and began writing books at the age of six . She showed musical ability at a young age , and played the clarinet , piano , violin and guitar , and was also active in the theater . Bauer graduated with honors from Pompton Lakes High School in 1973 . After a brief marriage to her high school sweetheart , she moved to the West Village in New York City , and studied acting with Stella Adler and the National Shakespeare Conservatory . She later moved to Los Angeles , California to pursue an acting career , and was active in the LA theater scene as both an actress and a playwright , co-authoring and performing in the cult hit , `` Peacocks . '' She was a close friend and student of the late Don Richardson , whose former students also included Grace Kelly and Anne Bancroft . Bauer assisted Mr. Richardson with his book `` Acting Without Agony , '' and it was in his workshop that she met her future husband , television director , James Quinn , noted for one-hour episode shows such as Law & Order . During this period , Bauer lived in the hills of Los Feliz . In July , 1993 , Sassy published her first short story , Run Away , which was the inspiration for her first novel , Harley , Like a Person . Under the working title of `` Zee , '' that effort was the recipient of the very first Sue Alexander Most Promising New Work Award given by the Society of Children 's Book Writers and Illustrators ( SCBWI ) . Selected from manuscripts submitted for individual critique at the SCBWI Annual Conference in Los Angeles , the award is given to the manuscript deemed most promising for publication . Another in the list of `` firsts , '' Bauer 's winning entry was critiqued by Walter Dean Myers , the first-ever Michael L. Printz Award winner , a prize which recognizes excellence in young adult literature . Bauer later changed the title of her first novel to Harley , Like a Person , which was originally published in 2000 by Winslow Press , a boutique publisher that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2002 . John Lennon 's life and work were major influences on Bauer , and her novels are peppered with references to the former Beatle . For example , Harley Columba was born on the anniversary of John Lennon 's death , December 8 , while her parents were attending a memorial concert in his honor . In 2004 , Holly Bolstad of White Bear Lake , Minnesota , won her state Level I Letters About Literature competition , a national reading-writing contest sponsored by the Center for the Book in the Library of Congress , together with Target Stores , by writing to Cat Bauer about how Harley , Like a Person had affected her life . To enter , readers write a personal letter to an author , living or dead , from any genre -- fiction or nonfiction , contemporary or classic , explaining how that author 's work changed the student 's way of thinking about the world or themselves . In April 1998 , Bauer moved to Venice , Italy , where she lives today on the Grand Canal . She is presently divorced . Bauer was also a regular contributor to International Herald Tribune 's Italian supplement , Italy Daily , writing about the art , culture and architecture of Venice . Her popular blog , Venetian Cat - Venice Blog has been featured in the Financial Times Arts & Weekend Magazine . On May 27 , 2004 the Honorable Prudence Carter Beatty signed an Order reverting all rights to Harley , Like a Person to Bauer . That book was republished in a slightly different form in 2007 by Alfred A. Knopf , a division of Random House , Inc. , New York , together with a companion novel entitled , Harley 's Ninth , which takes place all on one day , October 9 , John Lennon 's birthday . AWARDS & RECOGNITIONS for HARLEY , LIKE A PERSON Booklist Top Ten Youth First Novel American Library Association Best Books for Young Adults Two-time Winner American Library Association YALSA Popular Paperback for Young Adults American Library Association YALSA Quick Pick New York Public Library Book for the Teen Age Bookreporter Top Ten Teen First Novel Book of the Year - First Place YA Fiction - ForeWord Magazine Oregon Young Adult Network Book Rave BookSense 76 Pick teenreads.com Top 10 Teen Book Teen People Book Club Selection CosmoGirl Book Club Selection Selected Adoption-Related Book No . American Council on Adoptable Children Awareness Guide Winner - SCBWI Sue Alexander Most Promising New Work Award Novels Harley , Like a Person Harley 's Ninth Collections Sixteen - Stories About that Sweet and Bitter Birthday , edited by Megan McCafferty Lines in the Sand , New Writing on War and Peace Time Out Venice : Verona , Treviso and the Veneto Time Out Guides",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bdf6f9af811d2938e5e29c2553438b58",
"text": "Domestic Shorthair Domestic Shorthair may refer to : Domestic short-haired cat , the most common type of non-purebred house cat ; `` Domestic Shorthair '' is a cat show competition category name for this landrace , as used by some but not all fancier organizations which permit them American Shorthair , a formal cat breed ; `` Domestic Shorthair '' was its original name in some US-based fancier organizations",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2f48bead25728158fbeb51b946393031",
"text": "When the Cat's Away When the Cat 's Away may refer to : When the Cat 's Away ( 1929 film ) , a Mickey Mouse short cartoon When the Cat 's Away ( 1996 film ) , a French drama directed by Cédric Klapisch When the Cat 's Away ( band ) , a New Zealand female vocal group . When the Cat 's Away ( album ) , a live album from When the Cat 's Away ( band ) ( 1987 ) `` When the Cat 's Away '' ( The Brothers Garcia ) , an episode of The Brothers Garcia `` When the Cat 's Away '' ( Desmond 's ) , an episode of Desmond 's `` When the Cat 's Away '' ( Romeo ! ) , an episode of Romeo ! When the Cat 's Away , an unproduced screenplay co-written by Cara Buono",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "57d311e8871232d2f68a4a5c1cecc9bb",
"text": "Cria A cria ( pronounced -LSB- / kriː.ə / -RSB- ) also known as alpaclettes is the name for a baby camelid such as a llama , alpaca , vicuña , or guanaco . It comes from the Spanish word cría , meaning `` baby '' . Its false cognate in English , crya ( pronounced -LSB- / kraɪ.ə / -RSB- ) , was coined by British sailors who explored Chile in the 18th century and were quick to describe the camelids onomatopoeically according to the mwa sound they made , which was not unlike that of a human crying baby .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "08d9cb12a58050566bbfbe6ceaa13680",
"text": "Kingdom of Cat Cait or Cat was a Pictish kingdom ( 25 -- 871 AD ) during the Early Middle Ages . It was centred in what is now Caithness in northern Scotland . It was , according to Pictish legend , founded by Caitt ( or Cat ) , one of the seven sons of the ancestor figure Cruithne . For a period of time Cait was the largest of the northern Pictish kingdoms , but its power waned over time . After the death of its last king , Taran mac Ainftech , in 697 , it was absorbed into the broader Pictish kingdom . The name is preserved in the modern placename Caithness , which occupies approximately the same location as the ancient kingdom . The name is also preserved in the Gaelic name for Sutherland ( Cataibh ) , in several specific names within that county and in the earliest recorded name for Shetland ( Inse Catt , meaning `` islands of the Cat people '' ) . Watson ( 2005 ) compares this usage with the early Irish Innse Orc ( islands of the boars ) for Orkney and concludes that these are tribal names based on animals . Legends of Clan Chattan ( pronounced cattan ) suggest that Madoc ( a Dalriadic Pict of Royal line ) the father of St Chattan , had retreated to Dál Riata after losing Cat to the Norse . Thus Clan Chattan or Caitt-an is recognised by the Lord of the Isles as being of Pictish descent when he ratifies the Clan Chattan document ( lost 1666 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53ccc0875a5d2443fa8735b295678186",
"text": "Cat Soup is a 2001 Japanese short experimental anime film directed by Tatsuo Satō , inspired by the work of manga artist Nekojiru . The surreal film follows Nyatta , an anthropomorphic kitten , on his travel to the land of the dead and back in an effort to save his sister 's soul . Cat Soup was released direct-to-DVD in Japan on 21 February 2001 . Central Park Media licensed the film in North America under its Software Sculptors label and was released on DVD on September 9 , 2003 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "691fe317a62c8e2fba6099e02cb2b7f2",
"text": "Ragdoll The Ragdoll is a cat breed with blue eyes and a distinct colorpoint coat . It is a large and muscular semi-longhair cat with a soft and silky coat . Like all long haired cats , Ragdolls need grooming to ensure their fur does not mat . Developed by American breeder Ann Baker in the 1960s , it is best known for its docile and placid temperament and affectionate nature . The name `` Ragdoll '' is derived from the tendency of individuals from the original breeding stock to go limp and relaxed when picked up . Particularly popular in both the United Kingdom and the breed 's native United States , ragdoll cats often are known as `` dog-like cats '' or `` puppy-like cats '' due to behaviors such as their tendency to follow people around , their ease at being physically handled , and their relative lack of aggression toward other pets .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
0ef874503088c0b2151bedd7c5fbea2a | California Gurls was recorded by an American singer. | [
{
"docid": "e869a42a325f6140d8b5bef6c1c319c2",
"text": "Katy Perry Katheryn Elizabeth Hudson ( born October 25 , 1984 ) , known professionally as Katy Perry , is an American singer and songwriter . After singing in church during her childhood , she pursued a career in gospel music as a teenager . Perry signed with Red Hill Records and released her debut studio album Katy Hudson under her birth name in 2001 , which was commercially unsuccessful . She moved to Los Angeles the following year to venture into secular music after Red Hill ceased operations and she subsequently began working with producers Glen Ballard , Dr. Luke , and Max Martin . After adopting the stage name Katy Perry and being dropped by The Island Def Jam Music Group and Columbia Records , she signed a recording contract with Capitol Records in April 2007 . Perry rose to fame in 2008 with the release of the singles `` I Kissed a Girl '' -- which sparked controversy for its sapphic themes -- and `` Hot n Cold '' from her second album , a pop rock record titled One of the Boys . Her third album , Teenage Dream ( 2010 ) , ventured into disco , and contained the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart-topping singles `` California Gurls '' , `` Teenage Dream '' , `` Firework '' , `` E.T. '' , and `` Last Friday Night ( T.G.I.F. ) '' as well as the number-three single `` The One That Got Away '' . The album became the first by a female artist to produce five number-one songs in the U.S. , and the second overall after Michael Jackson 's album Bad . In March 2012 , she re-issued the album as Teenage Dream : The Complete Confection , which produced the songs `` Part of Me '' and `` Wide Awake '' . Her fourth album , Prism , was released in 2013 , and is influenced by pop and dance . She became the first artist with multiple videos to reach one billion views on Vevo with the videos for its songs `` Roar '' and `` Dark Horse '' . Perry has received many awards , including four Guinness World Records , a Brit Award , and a Juno Award , and been included in the Forbes list of `` Top-Earning Women In Music '' ( 2011 -- 2016 ) . Her estimated net worth as of 2016 is $ 125 million . She is one of the best-selling musical artists of all time , having sold 100 million records globally throughout her career . In film , she released an autobiographical documentary titled Katy Perry : Part of Me in 2012 , and voiced Smurfette in the 2011 film The Smurfs and its sequel in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "97d1001b6a255c505f6ddead43f0f905",
"text": "California Gurls `` California Gurls '' is a song recorded by American singer Katy Perry for her third studio album , Teenage Dream ( 2010 ) . The song features verses from rapper Snoop Dogg . Both artists co-wrote the song with Bonnie McKee and its co-producers Dr. Luke and Max Martin , with additional production from Benny Blanco . According to Perry , the song is an answer song to `` Empire State of Mind '' ( 2009 ) , by Jay-Z and Alicia Keys . `` California Gurls '' is a midtempo disco-pop , and funk-pop song , with influences of new wave , and electropop . Its lyrics are an ode to the state of California , in which both Perry and Snoop Dogg were born and raised . `` California Gurls '' garnered positive reviews from music critics , with the majority of them labeling it a `` summer anthem '' , as well as complimenting its production and chorus . Originally intended to be sent to mainstream and rhythmic airplay on May 25 , 2010 , the song debuted on May 7 , 2010 , after clips from the Teenage Dream album were leaked online . It was subsequently released to iTunes on May 11 , 2010 as the album 's lead single . The song was a worldwide success , peaking at number-one on the Billboard Hot 100 for six consecutive weeks , giving Perry her second US number-one single in and Snoop Dogg his third . The song reached number-one in ten other countries , including Australia , Canada , Ireland , New Zealand , and the United Kingdom . A music video for the song was released on June 15 , 2010 , and features Perry and her dancers as pieces of a board game , set in the fictional `` Candyfornia '' . Perry has said that the inspiration behind the video was artist Will Cotton , who was also the artistic director of the video . It has been noted that the video is influenced by several other works , including Charlie and the Chocolate Factory , Alice 's Adventures in Wonderland , and the board game Candyland . On December 2 , 2010 , the song received a Grammy nomination for Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals . In 2012 , Billboard ranked the song number one on a special The 30 Summer Songs of All Time listing .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "c4f8fd8ef5271046ec7365a9b506e336",
"text": "California Stars (song) `` California Stars '' is an American folk song with lyrics by Woody Guthrie . Guthrie never recorded the song , but in 1998 it was recorded as part of Mermaid Avenue , a collection of Guthrie 's work that was put to music and recorded by British singer Billy Bragg and the American band Wilco . Music for the song was ultimately composed by Wilco lead singer Jeff Tweedy and guitarist Jay Bennett . In 1992 , Guthrie 's estate asked Bragg to set `` California Stars '' and other unrecorded works to music in what would become Mermaid Avenue . No date is known for the creation of the original lyrics , which could have taken place any time from the 1940 's to Guthrie 's death in 1967 . The lyrics are simple but surreal , describing the singer lying under the California sky and dreaming of lying with a lover on a `` bed '' of stars . A `` California Star '' is a complex geometric pattern used in making quilts , which could have been an influence on Guthrie 's writing , lending a more literal interpretation to the phrase `` a bed of California Stars . '' Wilco has frequently performed the song live , and it is one of their most popular recordings . Since being set to music , the song has been recorded and released by other musicians , including Bob Seger on his 2014 album Ride Out .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e05cf80ac2618e2a3df13db8d3bc8254",
"text": "Hollywood Fats Michael Leonard Mann ( March 17 , 1954 -- December 8 , 1986 ) , known as Hollywood Fats , was an American blues guitarist , active in Los Angeles , California .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "77df29c1dc8ed692f7da8e9822a69088",
"text": "PEACH PEACH ( born Patricia Elaine Reasoner ; June 1 , 1951 ) is an American blues and jazz artist -- singer , songwriter , and guitarist , and producer . She currently resides in Venice , California U.S.A.",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "07d57b76ffec2767b08d674d52a38372",
"text": "Justin Chart Justin Chart ( born February 6 , 1960 ) is a Los Angeles based singer-songwriter and producer . Chart is known for his song , `` Los Angeles The Song '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "24fb8d9d455cccf5271cb58168748d17",
"text": "Greetings from California Greetings from California is the debut studio album by The Madden Brothers , whose members consist of Joel and Benji Madden from pop punk band Good Charlotte , which was released on September 16 , 2014 in the United States . The album 's first single , `` We Are Done '' , premiered on May 30 , 2014 on 102.7 KIIS FM . The music video for the single premiered on June 30 , 2014 and on July 7 , 2014 , `` We Are Done '' reached # 1 on the Australian iTunes songs chart . The album was made available for pre-ordering on the iTunes Store on July 4 , 2014 with `` California Rain '' made available for immediate download . The album is split into two `` sides '' . The first filled with upbeat , sunny pop rock produced by their long-time collaborator Eric Valentine , who also produced Good Charlotte 's The Young and the Hopeless and The Chronicles of Life and Death . Side two is produced by Joe Chiccarelli , is inspired by `` 70s-era FM pop . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b9cd5a58c8201c71734db62fd7d22190",
"text": "Al Rogers Al Rogers ( born July 24 , 1926 ) is an American Country and Western singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eabfc93cb51769d841242286afc76d42",
"text": "Helen Baylor Helen LaRue Lowe ( born January 8 , 1954 ) , known professionally as Helen Baylor , is an American singer -- songwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "29c247204f2d0bb385e9d146bb84361c",
"text": "Buddy Clark Buddy Clark ( July 26 , 1912 - October 1 , 1949 ) was an American popular singer of the 1930s and 1940s . In the late 1940s , after his return from service in World War II , his career blossomed and he became one of the nation 's top crooners . He died in a plane crash in 1949 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "25ab7d58b156ae5fb482354cc1a42be1",
"text": "Larry Pierce (singer) Larry G. Pierce ( born July 18 , 1950 ) is an American comedic-country music singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4a3e9100c60dbc2935a79ff28d0f3e5a",
"text": "Radio Recorders Radio Recorders , Inc. located at 7000 Santa Monica Boulevard , was a recording studio based in Los Angeles , California . Many notable musicians are reported to have been recorded in the studio include Billie Holiday , Charlie Parker , Jimmie Rodgers , Louis Armstrong , Mario Lanza , Elvis Presley , Jimi Hendrix , Frank Zappa , Paul Frees and The Carpenters among others . In its prime , the studio was known as the best recording facility in Los Angeles . During the forties and fifties , Radio Recorders was responsible for recording countless radio shows , both network and local , for delayed broadcast , not always for California , but for many western states . Telephone lines ran to all the important stations and the networks . Studio C was the nerve center with at least six recording lathes and turntables and an `` on-the-air '' playback turntable protected by a railing so that it would not be bumped while it was playing a program onto the air . The recording lathes were shock mounted in sand to prevent rumble from the street cars on Santa Monica Boulevard . For much of that era , the recordings were made and played back on lacquer coated aluminum discs , before tape recording was introduced . The room could handle several programs at once , 24 hours a day , and quite often a single engineer on duty would have his hands full . Most of the major labels used Radio Recorders well into the 1960s . Columbia , RCA Victor , Capitol , and Decca ultimately had their own facilities , but Radio Recorders was still the choice of many independent labels and both popular and classical artists , from Stravinsky to Elvis . In addition , most of the jingles were recorded there . In 1962 H.B. Barnum and Bill Aken chose the annex to record their big band version of ` Goody , Goody '' for Governor Goodwin J. ( Goodie ) Knight 's re-election campaign . Additionally in 1962 Bill Aken would record the classic ` Theme For Shock Theater , ' again with engineer Phil Yeend working the board . The main location at 7000 Santa Monica had two large studios and some smaller ones , as well as disc mastering facilities . In 1946 , the company remodeled a warehouse at 1032 North Sycamore Avenue and built a large studio , capable of handling approximately fifty musicians . This studio was known as Radio Recorders Annex , or , within the industry , just `` The Annex . '' The warehouse originally belonged to RCA Victor and `` the Annex '' was a legendary studio that Victor had built in their warehouse back in the ` 30 's . In 1965 , Radio Recorders ' star engineer , Thorne Nogar , purchased The Annex and started his own independent Annex Studios , which attracted a distinguished clientele as a full service studio , including mastering . For many years , Lawrence Welk pre-recorded the music for his popular television show , becoming the most important client ; in addition , in the 1960s and 1970s Annex mastered for such labels as Uni Records , Dot Records and Ranwood Records , as well as cutting early pressings of Barbra Streisand 's hit single `` The Way We Were . '' The Annex 's location now houses The Record Plant Studios . In the late 1980 's the studio was reopened as Studio 56 by Paul Shwartz . At that time bands such as Guns & Roses , Sugar Ray , Toni Braxton , Brandy , No Doubt and others recorded there . The documentary `` Standing in the Shadows of Motown '' was also partially filmed there . Kenneth Crouh , Keith Crouch and Leon Sylvers were all house producers there at that time . In 2002 the studio gained two new partners Pride Hutchison and Michael Dumas . The studio was then brought back to business under its original name Radio Recorders , and they enlisted the help of longtime friends Jordan Winsen and Steve Loiacano as their staff second engineers . Tom O'Brien , who was working for Schwartz , was kept on as chief engineer . In 2004 the property was declared a historic attraction but never achieved official landmark status by the city of Los Angeles . From 2002 to 2008 the studio welcomed many great projects and clients including Natalie Cole , Dwight Yoakum , Lucinda Williams , Lil ' John , Exzihbit , Annie Lennox and many more ... The facility closed again in 2008 a midst a fraud dispute between Hutchison , Dumas and Shwartz , Silent owners seeking to save the building and real estate property flipper David Bennet . In the end the building was sold in bankruptcy court . Shwartz was left broke , betrayed and feeling blindly used . With lack of capital to fight and overturn the courts decision , the silent owners were left with no moves and the legendary Radio Recorders building was gutted and demolished from the inside . The story as it goes from the inside supposedly is : Schwartz had a partner before Dumas and Hutchison who passed away and with him likely many of the studios strongest contracts . Under Schwartz mismanagement the studio struggled and subsequently defaulted on all financial obligations . Hutchinson and Dumas than found Schwartz in a vulnerable position and for a total sum if 50-60k each ( 100k ) Schwartz agreed to partner with them . It is unclear whether they were ever added to the deed or if this money ever went to debts . Its also rumored that during the period of their partnership many raves were held in soundstage studio E ( dubbed so for Elvis ) and rampant drug abuse took place and continued among the partners . It is known that methamphetamine was found in the cupboards of the studio kitchen shortly after Schwartz and that his behavior was often erratic . What than takes place is a battle for property rights among all involved both the silent partner and David Bennet claiming they paid Schwartz a sum of money for his rights . One side is that a late night meeting took place with notary a menial fee was given to Schwartz and he gave his rights . The other side is David Bennet provided compensation to both Dumas and Hutchison in excess of 50k each for their investment as well as 100k to Schwartz in return for all of their rights . The problem for Bennet being a flipper was that currently each studio was occupied by a tenant and this other silent partner was laying claim . He proceeded to systematically attempt to forge alliances under the false premises that all who helped would bennifit either from the sale / that he would n't sell the building and had no intention of gutting it but rather would maintain it as a studio/That he would sell the property atca fair price to a tenant if they helped him and could raise the capital in a small window . . Supposedly this stipulation was met and Bennet than backed out on his agreement . Hutchison and Dumas were the first to go followed by others . All gear by this point including the piano axel rose recorded November rain with was liquidated and only one studio operated in the building . When Bennet backed out of his deal ( or perhaps the money was never actually raised ) the fight for ownership intensified . Reportedly glass doors were shatterd having had the hinge pins pulled from them and orange Xs were spray painted on other wooden doors of vacant rooms when no one was around . While the silent partner and tenant had teamed up . The results were the same radio recorders studios shut its doors September 2009 . Sleepy Brown of Organized Noise would be the last artist to produce a record in the building . Despite Bennett 's best assurances the studios would all be gutted turned into accounting offices sadly only to become owned by a studio company againv . Schwartz sadly would take his own life.Today the space is used for art exhibits . In 2010 the property was once again sold and is now part of the Siren Production Company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ebfb6bdccabe05d0c00fc1cacd771b2a",
"text": "Sunshine pop Sunshine pop ( originally `` soft pop '' ) is a subgenre of pop music originating in Southern California in the mid-1960s , although it only acquired the name later . Rooted in easy-listening , advertising jingles , and the growing drug culture , sunshine pop acts purveyed a lightly produced style that combined nostalgic or anxious moods with `` an appreciation for the beauty of the world '' . It began as an outgrowth of the 1960s California Sound and folk rock movements , largely consisting of lesser-known artists who imitated more popular groups like the Beach Boys , the Mamas & the Papas , and the 5th Dimension . While the Beach Boys are noted as prominent influences , they rarely worked in the genre . Sunshine pop is characterized by lush vocals and light arrangements similar to samba music . In some ways the genre is similar to baroque pop music through being elaborate and melancholic , though it also crossed into folk pop and Brill Building styles . Sunshine pop enjoyed mainstream success in the latter half of the decade , with many of its top 40 hits peaking in the spring and summer of 1967 , especially just before the Summer of Love . Popular bands include the Mamas & the Papas , the Turtles , and the Association . Other acts , like the Millennium , Sagittarius , and the Yellow Balloon were less successful but gained a cult following years later ; with albums like Begin ( 1968 ) and Present Tense ( 1968 ) highly sought-after on the collectors ' market .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "597617e7fc362501829de9b41d5dc0e1",
"text": "Leslie Mills Leslie Mills is an American singer , songwriter , record producer , and actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f93cc712f3136cf0d01990e77446611b",
"text": "Golden Throats Golden Throats is Rhino Records ' series of humorous compilations of critically lambasted cover versions of songs , performed mostly either by celebrities known for something other than musical talent or musicians not known for the genre from which the song they are covering comes . For example , William Shatner sings ( or , more precisely , does a dramatic reading of the lyrics to ) `` Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds , '' Leonard Nimoy sings `` If I Had a Hammer , '' and Muhammad Ali sings `` Stand by Me . '' Other examples include the Bing Crosby cover of the Beatles ' `` Hey Jude '' and the Mel Tormé cover of Donovan 's `` Sunshine Superman , '' as both were rock songs being covered by musicians of an older generation . In most cases , the songs appear to be performed sincerely , rather than in a spirit of irony or intentional goofiness . In many respects , these albums were among the first to anthologize lounge music , with their focus on `` light '' versions of contemporary hits . The series ( of four albums ) was created and produced by long-time Rhino staffer Gary Peterson and pop culture historian Pat Sierchio . Each release contained liner notes penned by acclaimed music historian Irwin Chusid , and most featured original art by Drew Friedman . The cover art parodied well-known albums ( Sgt. Pepper 's Lonely Hearts Club Band , Their Satanic Majesties Request , Sweetheart Of The Rodeo , and the Beatles ' infamous `` butcher '' cover for Yesterday And Today ) . The notoriety of the series no doubt contributed to William Shatner 's decision to relaunch his musical career . There were a total of four albums in the series : They are : Golden Throats : The Great Celebrity Sing Off ( LP : 1988 ; CD : 1992 ) Golden Throats 2 : More Celebrity Rock Oddities ! ( 1991 ) Golden Throats 3 : Sweethearts of Rodeo Drive ( 1995 ) Golden Throats 4 : Celebrities Butcher the Beatles ( 1997 )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1b33ff31fb5dc884ce078fe4f196d4e7",
"text": "Bel-Tone Records Bel-Tone Recording Corporation was a small American independent record label founded in 1944 in Hollywood , California , that recorded and produced artists of the pop , race , and folk genres .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a99dd6bf6b2d5fc5a03e62008ff99a6c",
"text": "Gus Hardin Gus Hardin ( born Carolyn Ann Blankenship ; April 9 , 1945 -- February 17 , 1996 ) was a country music singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "91c3b1d5a65e1866cd280e3875bc9afb",
"text": "Katie Lee (singer) Katie Lee ( born October 23 , 1919 in Tucson , Arizona , United States ) is an Arizona folk singer , writer , actress , photographer and environmental activist . She graduated from the University of Arizona with a Bachelor of Fine Arts . After that , she went on to study with two of the most successful folksingers of the 1940s , Burl Ives and Josh White . After joining a rafting trip in the Grand Canyon she became a regular on river trips on the Colorado River and joined the opposition to the construction of Glen Canyon Dam . In September and October 1955 , she , Tad Nichols , and Frank Wright traveled through and documented parts of the Glen Canyon that later were to be submerged .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4a4b54fcdca649e93c4f5f6b8dfbd36",
"text": "The Untouchables (Los Angeles band) The Untouchables are a soul/mod revival band from the Silver Lake , Los Angeles , California area . Described by original lead singer Kevin Long as `` mods who played ska music , '' The Untouchables are credited with being America 's first ska band . They formed in 1981 as part of the embryonic L.A. mod revival , after being inspired by the ska revival/punk rock band The Boxboys . Since some could n't play instruments , they either hastily learned , or became vocalists . The original lineup included : Kevin Long ( vocals ) , Chuck Askerneese ( vocals ) , Terry Ellsworth ( rhythm guitar ) , Clyde Grimes ( guitar ) , Rob Lampron ( drums ) , Herman Askerneese ( bass ) and Jerry Miller ( vocals , timbales ) . After a shaky start playing at parties , the integrated septet were eventually booked at the O.N. Klub ( known as the On to regulars ) . The band had guaranteed the club that they would pack the venue , and they did not disappoint . In middle of that year , they released their first ( ska-styled ) 7 '' single , copies of which were snapped up by local mods . Late in 1982 , the band began a stint as the house band at the Roxy Theatre . Terry Ellsworth left the band in the summer of 1983 , at the height of the California mod revival . Josh Harris was added on keyboards , Timothy Moynahan on trombone and Will Donato ( who became a successful smooth jazz artist ) started on sax . Their second single , `` The General , '' became a minor local hit , despite poor distribution . The band performed `` The General '' in the 1984 comedy The Party Animal , and they appeared as a scooter gang in the movie Repo Man . In early 1984 , they were signed to Stiff Records . Concerts with The B-52 's , Black Uhuru , Bow Wow Wow , Red Hot Chili Peppers , Fishbone , No Doubt and X all over California gave the group a disparate following of whites , blacks , mods , punks , surfers and rockabilly fans , with the local performances drawing up to 1,500 people . The band also appeared in the 1984 film Surf II , performing `` Dance Beat '' , and 1987 's No Man 's Land , performing `` What 's Gone Wrong '' . Vocalist Kevin Long ( who had named the band ) left in 1984 . Guitarist Clyde Grimes took on more vocal leads , and in 1984 the band recorded `` Free Yourself '' , which became very popular , especially in the United Kingdom where it was a # 26 hit in April 1985 . The band has gone through many lineup changes since then , and as of 2006 , only vocalist Jerry Miller remains from the original lineup .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7156809a996c562ca2b482d3959194b5",
"text": "Bobby Troup Robert Wesley Troup Jr. ( October 18 , 1918 -- February 7 , 1999 ) , known as Bobby Troup , was an American actor , jazz pianist , singer and songwriter . He is best known for writing the popular standard '' ( Get Your Kicks On ) Route 66 '' , and for his role as Dr. Joe Early , opposite his real-life wife Julie London 's character , in the 1970s US TV series , Emergency !",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5d300326d4b937aa489888db34822dfa",
"text": "Eddie Money Edward Joseph Mahoney ( born March 21 , 1949 ) , known professionally as Eddie Money , is an American singer , songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who had success in the 1970s and 1980s with a string of Top 40 hits and platinum albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93be9eeea7f8d28213580041add1c5b5",
"text": "Debbie Gravitte Debbie Shapiro Gravitte ( born September 29 , 1954 ) is an American actress and singer . Shapiro was born in Los Angeles , California ,",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f3ba617e93f5ff02d9bb6a681a176988 | Ajay Devgn has yet to win an award. | [
{
"docid": "526fffbb0157304ffb1d09e6eac54855",
"text": "Ajay Devgn Ajay Devgan ( born Vishal Veeru Devgan on 2 April 1969 ) , also credited as Ajay Devgn , is an Indian film actor , director and producer . He is widely considered as one of the most popular actors of Hindi cinema , who has appeared in over a hundred Hindi films . Devgan has won numerous accolades , including two National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards . In 2016 , he was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri , the fourth highest civilian honour of the country . Devgan began his professional career with Phool Aur Kaante in 1991 and received a Filmfare Award for Best Male Debut for his performance . He then starred in successful films such as Jigar ( 1992 ) , Dilwale ( 1994 ) , Suhaag ( 1994 ) , Naajayaz ( 1995 ) , Diljale ( 1996 ) and Ishq ( 1997 ) . In 1998 , he appeared in a critically acclaimed performance in Mahesh Bhatt 's drama Zakhm and he received his first National Film Award for Best Actor for his role in the movie . In 1999 , his most-talked-about film was Hum Dil De Chuke Sanam in which he played Vanraj , a man who tries to unite his wife with her lover . In the early 2000s , he gave critically acclaimed performances in Ram Gopal Varma 's fictional expose of Mumbai underworld Company . He played the character of a gangster , for which he won Filmfare Critics Award for Best Actor . The same year he gave another critically acclaimed performance in Deewangee for which he received the Filmfare Best Villain Award . In 2003 , he won his second National Film Award for Best Actor for his portrayal of Bhagat Singh in Rajkumar Santoshi 's biopic The Legend of Bhagat Singh . Throughout his career he has performed in many critically and commercially successful films including Raincoat ( 2004 ) , '' Gangajal , ( 2004 ) , Yuva ( 2004 ) , Apaharan ( 2005 ) , Omkara ( 2006 ) , Golmaal : Fun Unlimited ( 2006 ) , Golmaal Returns ( 2008 ) , All the Best : Fun Begins ( 2009 ) , Once Upon a Time in Mumbaai ( 2010 ) , Golmaal 3 ( 2010 ) , Raajneeti ( 2010 ) , Singham ( 2011 ) , Bol Bachchan ( 2012 ) , Son of Sardaar ( 2012 ) , Singham Returns ( 2014 ) and Drishyam ( 2015 ) . He has starred in more than hundred Hindi films . Having done so , he established himself as one of the leading actors of Hindi cinema . In addition , Devgn owns a production company Ajay Devgn FFilms which was established in 2000 . In 2008 , he debuted as a film director with U Me Aur Hum . He is married to film actress , Kajol since 1999 and the couple have two children . In August 2009 , Devgn changed his surname from Devgan to Devgn on the request of his family .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e6b97ae1139e062d29818ab5ac9f8c0b",
"text": "Karnataka State Film Award for Best Lyricist Karnataka State Film Award for Best Lyricist is a state film award of the Indian state of Karnataka given during the annual Karnataka State Film Awards . The award honours Kannada language films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "15de4fea6d1defb9167a6e11108320bb",
"text": "Cinema of India The cinema of India consists of films produced across India . Cinema as a medium has gained immense popularity in the country and as many as 1,600 films in various languages of India are produced annually . Indian films have also come to be followed throughout South Asia , the Greater Middle East , Southeast Asia and other countries . Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the `` father of Indian cinema '' . The Dadasaheb Phalke Award , for lifetime contribution to cinema , was instituted in his honour , by the Government of India in 1969 , and is the most prestigious and coveted award in Indian cinema . In the 20th century , Indian cinema , along with the Hollywood and Chinese film industries , became a global enterprise . As of 2013 , in terms of annual film output , India ranks first , followed by Nollywood , Hollywood and China . In 2012 , India produced 1,602 feature films . The Indian film industry reached overall revenues of $ 1.86 billion ( 93 billion ) in 2011 . This is projected to rise to $ 3 billion ( 200 billion ) in 2016 . In 2015 , India had a total box office gross of , the fourth largest in the world outside North America . Enhanced technology paved the way for upgrading from established cinematic norms of delivering product , altering the manner in which content reached the target audience . Biopics like Dangal and CGI-laden epics like Baahubali emerged as transnational blockbusters grossing over $ 200 million each in early 21st century . Indian cinema found markets in over 90 countries where films from India are screened . The Indian government extended film delegations to foreign countries such as the United States of America and Japan while the country 's Film Producers Guild sent similar missions through Europe . The provision of 100 % foreign direct investment has made the Indian film market attractive for foreign enterprises such as 20th Century Fox , Sony Pictures , Walt Disney Pictures and Warner Bros. . Indian enterprises such as AVM Productions , Prasad 's Group , Sun Pictures , PVP Cinemas , Zee , UTV , Suresh Productions , Eros Films , Ayngaran International , Pyramid Saimira , Aascar Films and Adlabs also participated in producing and distributing films . Tax incentives to multiplexes have aided the multiplex boom in India . By 2003 as many as 30 film production companies had been listed in the National Stock Exchange of India , making the commercial presence of the medium felt . The South Indian film industry defines the four film cultures of South India as a single entity . They are the Telugu , the Tamil , the Malayalam and the Kannada industries . Although developed independently over a long period , gross exchange of film performers and technicians as well as globalisation helped to shape this new identity . The Indian diaspora consists of millions of Indians overseas for which films are made available both through media such as DVDs and by screening of films in their country of residence wherever commercially feasible . These earnings , accounting for some 12 % of the revenue generated by a mainstream film , contribute substantially to the overall revenue of Indian cinema , the net worth of which was found to be 1.3 billion in 2000 . Music in Indian cinema is another substantial revenue generator with the music rights alone accounting for 4 -- 5 % of the net revenues generated by a film in India .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "05541af5801d019b72dac9456bde2972",
"text": "Dr. George Grierson Award The Dr. George Grierson Award ( Devnagari : डॉ जॉर्ज ग्रियर्सन पुरस्कार ) is a literary honor in India . It is conferred annually by Central Hindi Directorate , ( Kendriya Hindi Sansthan ) , Ministry of Human Resource Development on writers of outstanding works in Hindi Literature . It is also a Hindi Sevi Samman and is given to number of Hindi experts for playing their important role in promoting the Hindi language in abroad . It is awarded by the President Of India . The award named after the linguist Dr. George Abraham Grierson was established by Kendriya Hindi Sansthan in 1989 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e085c0835295b9d48a46345df7de559f",
"text": "National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer The National Film Award for Best Female Playback Singer is an honour presented annually at the National Film Awards of India since 1968 to a female playback singer for the best renditions of songs from soundtracks within the Indian film industry . Throughout the years , accounting for ties and repeat winners , the Government of India has presented a total of 45 Best Female Playback Singer awards to 23 different female playback singers . Until 1974 , winners of the National Film Award received a commemorative plaque and certificate ; since 1975 , they have been awarded with a `` Rajat Kamal '' ( silver lotus ) , certificate and a cash prize that amounted to in 2013 . The first recipient was P. Susheela , who was honoured at the 16th National Film Award ( 1968 ) for her renditions from the Tamil film Uyarntha Manithan . The singer who won the most number of Rajat Kamal awards is K. S. Chithra with six wins , followed by P. Susheela with five . As of 2013 , two singers -- S. Janaki and Shreya Ghoshal -- have won the award four times , and two -- Lata Mangeshkar and Vani Jairam -- have won it thrice . The award has been won twice by Asha Bhosle , Alka Yagnik and Arati Ankalikar-Tikekar . S. Janaki , K. S. Chithra , and Shreya Ghoshal have won the award for their renditions in three different languages . Shreya Ghoshal is the sole recipient of the award for two different songs in the same year in two different languages . Uthara Unnikrishnan is the youngest winner , picking up the award at the age of 10 for the rendition of a song from the Tamil film Saivam ( 2014 ) . No award was given for this category in 1973 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "db420128f865166521e18fb73d406d7c",
"text": "59th Filmfare Awards South The 59th Filmfare Awards South ceremony honouring the winners and nominees of the best of South Indian cinema in 2011 was held on 7 July 2012 at the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium , Chennai , India . For this year more than 451 films from each of the four film industries were considered for nominations in various categories .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8ce01ab5984d4fb348c8eba6098b1a3",
"text": "Filmfare Award for Best Art Direction The Filmfare Best Art Direction Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films . Although the awards started in 1954 , awards for the best art direction category started only in 1956 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9a0e1961b25be5fb06827e9995ba789a",
"text": "Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Award Mahapandit Rahul Sankrityayan Award ( Devnagari : महापंडित राहुल सांकृत्यायन पुरस्कार ) is a literary honor in India which Kendriya Hindi Sansthan , ( Central Hindi Organization ) , Ministry of Human Resource Development , annually confers on writers of outstanding works in Hindi Travel Literature . It is also called Hindi Sevi Samman or Rahul Sankrityayan National Award and is given to number of Hindi experts for playing their important role in promoting the Hindi language . .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "877424b3bec99c96265d278d76c1f2bc",
"text": "Bengal Film Journalists' Association Awards Bengal Film Journalists ' Association Awards commonly referred as BFJA Awards , is given by The Bengal Film Journalists ' Association . The BFJA is the oldest association of film critics in India , founded in 1937 to serve the developing film journalism and film industry .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "82ba8c9629eec7e73ae033e3dd496397",
"text": "47th Kerala State Film Awards The awards were announced by minister A.K Balan in Thiruvananthapuram on 7 March 2017 . The winners in the fiction category were selected by a jury headed by Odisha director A.K. Bir . The other jury members were Priyanandanan , Sundar Das , Sudevan , script writer P.F. Mathews , actor Shanti Krishna , composer and singer V.T. Murali , sound designer Arun Nambiar , critic Dr Meena T. Pillai and Kerala Chalachitra Academy secretary Mahesh Panju .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd0c384faa5620d00e5293bae4e0800c",
"text": "Zee Cine Award for Best Action It is the Zee Cine Award that is given to the best Action film of the year . In 2017 , Ajay Devgn ' Shivaay won the award for best action under the action director Raj Singh Nijjar . Category :2017 film awards Category : Zee Cine Awards",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "023d0fc356985e91d40ca267861fac82",
"text": "Vijay Award for Best Editor The Vijay for Best Editor is given by STAR Vijay as part of its annual Vijay Awards ceremony for Tamil ( Kollywood ) films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0bed2734eba1cc561632e50e054ad4ab",
"text": "Ajay Sastry Ajay Sastry is a Director/Writer who directed his maiden film called ' Nenu Meeku Telusa ' starring Manchu Manoj , Sneha Ullal and Riya Sen. His journey started with a short film called `` 12 '' ( Baarah ) that was produced by KAD Movies And Rana Daggubati ( of dum marro dum Fame ) . In the past , he played the role of Associate Director & Screenplay writer for movies such as Rakhi and Danger . He had served as president of YOCS ( Young Orators Club ) for many years . He had been an active participant and winner at youth festivals in and around Hyderabad . To add to this Ajay has been the lead singer of Rock bands like `` Alter Egoz '' and `` Jekyll and Hyde '' . An orator and a poet , his poems have been published in the `` American Anthology Of Poetry '' . During his schooling , he had an opportunity through the YMCA to attend the ` World Championship Of Modern Western Dances ' at London and ran a dance school for almost five years before he shifted to being an ad film maker . His first movie as a director ` Nenu Meeku Telusa ' hit the silver screen on October 10 , 2008",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be904a4859247a01e7da0e36a064aedb",
"text": "Jigar Jigar is a 1992 Bollywood martial arts action film directed by Farogh Siddique . It was inspired by the 1989 Hollywood movie Kickboxer . Jigar was released during Diwali weekend and proved to be successful . It was Ajay Devgn 's second success after Phool Aur Kaante and premiered at the Plaza cinema , Mumbai .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "03a65194e7e7205e07827952adffcca9",
"text": "Chennai International Film Festival The Chennai International Film Festival ( CIFF ) is a festival organised in the city of Chennai , India , by a film society , the Indo Cine Appreciation Foundation ( ICAF ) , with the support of the government of Tamil Nadu , the South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce and the Film Federation of India . From the official website , the festival aims at : providing a common platform for the film fraternity to show its expression through films ; understanding other cultures and project the excellence of this art form ; contribute to the understanding and appreciation of film cultures of the different nations in the context of the social and cultural ethos ; and promote friendship and co-operation among peoples of the world . The festival has been organised since 2002 . It showcases international as well as Indian feature films . The Indian language films are divided into the Tamil ( 12 films ) and the Indian panorama featured films ( around 12 films ) . The festival screens more than 100 international feature films . The CIFF provide awards in the following categories : The Best film in Tamil . The Second Best film . Special Jury Award for individual excellence Online Film buff Award Amitabh Bachchan Youth Icon Award , from 2013",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "985b16903aab57f453bc5bdecafee743",
"text": "Filmfare Award for Best Cinematography The Filmfare Best Cinematography Award is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films . The awards started in 1954 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "93dca6c966318f724a4dae420f1f9388",
"text": "Vijay Award for Best Female Playback Singer The Vijay for Best Female Playback Singer is given by STAR Vijay as part of its annual Vijay Awards ceremony for Tamil ( Kollywood ) films . The award was first given in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "68f35ad0fed0ff5832a1f48a92d21cc9",
"text": "Girish Karnad Girish Raghunath Karnad ( born 19 May 1938 ) is an Indian actor , film director , writer playwright and a Rhodes Scholar , who predominantly works in South Indian cinema and Bollywood . his rise as a playwright in 1960s , marked the coming of age of modern Indian playwriting in Kannada , just as Badal Sarkar did in Bengali , Vijay Tendulkar in Marathi , and Mohan Rakesh in Hindi . He is a recipient of the 1998 Jnanpith Award , the highest literary honour conferred in India . For four decades Karnad has been composing plays , often using history and mythology to tackle contemporary issues . He has translated his plays into English and has received acclaim . His plays have been translated into some Indian languages and directed by directors like Ebrahim Alkazi , B. V. Karanth , Alyque Padamsee , Prasanna , Arvind Gaur , Satyadev Dubey , Vijaya Mehta , Shyamanand Jalan , Amal Allana and Zafer Mohiuddin . He is active in the world of Indian cinema working as an actor , director , and screenwriter , in Hindi and Kannada cinema , earning awards along the way . He was conferred Padma Shri and Padma Bhushan by the Government of India and won four Filmfare Awards , of which three are Filmfare Award for Best Director -- Kannada and the fourth a Filmfare Best Screenplay Award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cffef5806b372d2e1affdb39c20c1850",
"text": "15th Filmfare Awards The 15th Filmfare Awards were held in 1968 , celebrating the best in Hindi cinema in 1967 . Manoj Kumar 's patriotic drama Upkar was the biggest winner on the night , winning 7 awards , 4 for Manoj Kumar , including Best Film and Best Director . The smash hit ` Mere Desh Ki Dharti ' from the film also won awards for its lyricist and singer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "be3148e952d5fbcbe3b525f02375a171",
"text": "Producers Guild Film Awards The Producers Guild Film Awards ( previously known as the Apsara Film & Television Producers Guild Award ) is an accolade given by the Apsara Producers Guild to recognize excellence in Indian film and television . Originated by filmmaker and scholar Amit Khanna , the Star Guild Awards have been one of the major award events since 2004 . The 22-karat gold statuette was sculpted and designed by the jewellery brand Tanishq and was `` inspired by the rich heritage of one of India 's most treasured possessions - the Ajanta and Ellora Caves . '' Nominations for the awards come from selected members of the guild , with the full membership ( around 160 ) available to vote for the winners . The ballots cast by the guild members are then taken to a common venue for the final counting .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "028196996dce54eca40bbbf88fbce9bd",
"text": "Vijay Award for Best Cinematographer The Vijay Award for Best Cinematographer is given by STAR Vijay as part of its annual Vijay Awards ceremony for Tamil ( Kollywood ) films .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
b787649a7c293bdc7480f852aeaaca3b | Helen Keller is not a famous deaf person. | [
{
"docid": "ba432c1cd591ff382c98b9e4268f9a1c",
"text": "Helen Keller Helen Adams Keller ( June 27 , 1880 -- June 1 , 1968 ) was an American author , political activist , and lecturer . She was the first deaf-blind person to earn a bachelor of arts degree . The story of how Keller 's teacher , Anne Sullivan , broke through the isolation imposed by a near complete lack of language , allowing the girl to blossom as she learned to communicate , has become widely known through the dramatic depictions of the play and film The Miracle Worker . Her birthplace in West Tuscumbia , Alabama , is now a museum and sponsors an annual `` Helen Keller Day '' . Her birthday on June 27 is commemorated as Helen Keller Day in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania and was authorized at the federal level by presidential proclamation by President Jimmy Carter in 1980 , the 100th anniversary of her birth . A prolific author , Keller was well-traveled and outspoken in her convictions . A member of the Socialist Party of America and the Industrial Workers of the World , she campaigned for women 's suffrage , labor rights , socialism , antimilitarism , and other similar causes . She was inducted into the Alabama Women 's Hall of Fame in 1971 and was one of twelve inaugural inductees to the Alabama Writers Hall of Fame on June 8 , 2015 . Helen proved to the world that deaf people could all learn to communicate and that they could survive in the hearing world . She also taught that deaf people are capable of doing things that hearing people can do . She is one of the most famous deaf people in history and she is an idol to many deaf people in the world .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "2089760e6b661084749fcf78864db3eb",
"text": "Helen Muir (reporter) Helen Muir ( 1911 -- 2006 ) was an American reporter and author . Her full name was Helen Teresa Eucharia Flaherty Lennehan Muir . Her career included writing and editing for newspapers and magazines , primarily in Miami , and she published four books focused on Miami 's history . She was also known for her advocacy of libraries . She was inducted into the Florida Women 's Hall of Fame in 1984 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b8c374c2de15ab4a55b68bf949cf10ff",
"text": "Alexander Graham Bell School (Chicago, Illinois) This article is about the Alexander Graham Bell School in Chicago , Illinois . For other schools with the same name , see this list . Alexander Graham Bell School , also known as Bell School is a public school located in the North Center neighborhood of Chicago , Illinois , United States ; it is a part of the Chicago Public Schools . It offers grades kindergarten through grade eight . It also has a deaf department for students in preschool through grade eight and additionally a gifted department for students in grades one through eight . The elementary school was founded in 1917 with 24 classrooms for hearing students and 15 classrooms for deaf students , after the Chicago School Board allocated US$ 285,000 for it in 1915 ( approximately $ in current dollars ) . The school , one of the largest built in the Chicago Public School system at the time , was dedicated on April 1 , 1918 by its name source Alexander Graham Bell , advocate of education for deaf students .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "aeb4b3a0e81f29c53b4e4cc1b3f0355e",
"text": "Keller, Georgia Keller is a small unincorporated community located in southern Bryan County , Georgia , United States , east of Richmond Hill . Its boundaries are ill-defined , but the community could be said to be centered on the intersection of S.R. 144 and Belfast-Keller Road . Currently the area , like most of South Bryan , is an unincorporated community of extensive residential development with a number of planned neighborhoods . However , Keller also has a significant historical aspect . It is near Fort McAllister Historic Park , an earthen Civil War installation captured by General William Sherman on his March to the Sea . Bryan Neck Presbyterian Church , established in 1839 and rebuilt in 1885 , is listed on the National Register of Historic Places , and is located on Belfast-Keller Road about a mile from the S.R. 144 intersection . A number of antebellum plantation houses or sites exist along the marshes and waterfront areas of extreme south Bryan County , though none are in public hands or are preserved as historic sites . The community is part of the Savannah Metropolitan Statistical Area .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "126f7f3092867e34c0a5573cb1753765",
"text": "List of children's books featuring deaf characters The following is a list of books for children from preschool age to eight years old that feature deaf characters : Carole Addabbo - Dina The Deaf Dinosaur - Dina runs away from home to the forest because her parents wo n't let her learn sign language . There she befriends an owl , a chipmunk , and a mole . Age : Five through ten . Lorraine Aseltine , Evelyn Mueller , Nancy Tait - I 'm Deaf and It 's Okay - A young boy describes the frustrations caused by his deafness and the encouragement he receives from a deaf teenager that he can lead an active life . Fara Augustover - `` Harmony Hears a Hoot '' - A children 's book about a young owl named Harmony who relates to kids with and without hearing loss and teaches tolerance with her adventures . Follow Harmony on her first day of school as she meets new friends , enjoys her classes , and teaches everyone what it 's like to have something unique about themselves . Barbara D. Booth - Mandy - This story is about a girl named Mandy who can not hear and about her grandmother and the things they do together . When the story begins Mandy is making cookies in the kitchen with her grandmother . Patricia A. Dyreson - A Very Special Egg - Two children ( one deaf and the other hearing ) will discover the true meaning of Easter-including religious symbolism - `` new life '' in nature . Guy 's pictures capture the children 's facial expressions and include hands that sign . Kate Gaynor - A Birthday for Ben - `` highlights the everyday issues that deaf children may encounter on a daily basis in mainstream schools '' . '' Ron Hamilton , Peggy B. Deal ( Illustrator ) - Alan and the Baron - A deaf child tells how he uses sign language , hearing aids , and his other senses to communicate , how his friends help him , and how he goes to public school with an interpreter . Wendy Kupfer - Let 's Hear it for Almigal - Almigal is a young girl who is hearing impaired , but desperately wants to hear the world around her . She eventually finds a solution and is able to enjoy the little sounds around her . Patricia Lakin , Robert C. Steele ( Illustrator ) - Dad and Me in the Morning - Adventure of a parent and hard of hearing child at the lake . Christy Mackinnon - Silent Observer - Story of a deaf child and her family 's life in Canada during the late 1800s . Melanie Paticoff - Sophie 's Tales : Learning to Listen - Sophie is a little dog with hearing loss who hears with a cochlear implant . She visits an audiologist and has cochlear implant surgery . Melanie Paticoff - Sophie 's Tales : Overcoming Obstacles - Sophie the little dog with a cochlear implant meets Champ , a Labradoodle who wears glasses . Together they share a story of disability awareness , friendship , sportsmanship , and overcoming adversity . Jeanne Whitehouse Peterson - I Have a Sister . My Sister is Deaf - A young deaf child who loves to run and jump and play is affectionately described by her older sister . ` Can give young children an understanding of the fact that deaf children ... share all the interests of children with normal hearing . ' ` C. ` A friendly , affirmative look -LSB- at the everyday experiences of the two sisters -RSB- . ' ` BL . Anita Riggio - Secret Signs : Along the Underground Railroad - Luke , who is deaf , must find his contact on the Underground Railroad . His courage and quick thinking enable him to pass along the description of the next safe haven in a way no one would ever suspect ... Betty Rushford - Best Buddies and The Fruit of the Spirit - The collection teaches children the importance of such things as accepting people as they are , keeping promises , obeying parents , eating vegetables , fastening seatbelts , good manners , and controlling the tongue . It contains storylines about the mentally and physically handicapped , the deaf , how to handle scary situations , and the neighborhood bully . Michael Thal - Goodbye Tchaikovsky - A twelve-year-old violin virtuoso , David Rothman , is plunged into a deaf world , necessitating him to adapt to a new culture and language in order to survive . Jan Wahl , Kim Howard ( Illustrator ) - Rosa 's Parrot - A mischievous parrot wreaks havoc when he plays a trick on his hard-of-hearing owner in this tale of friendship and forgiveness ... More than just a companion , the little bird is also a help to her , repeating people 's questions loudly so that she can hear . Dawn L. Watkins - The Spelling Window - Shelly is embarrassed by her deaf friend Seth 's loud voice during a trip to the state capital . She changes her feelings to respect when an accident happens .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3acb63dfbf97377e571e75f4f71d1b7e",
"text": "National Association of the Deaf (India) The National Association of the Deaf ( N.A.D. India ) is an organization for the deaf in India founded in 2005 . The goal of N.A.D. is the organization and education India 's deaf population . The N.A.D. promotes the use of Indian Sign Language . The N.A.D. currently has over 2,500 members . In January 2007 , the N.A.D. was able to coordinate with the Linguistic Department of Jawahar Lal Nehru University Delhi , the launch of The Association of Sign Language Interpreters . Unlike the National Association of the Deaf ( United States ) , the N.A.D. is not affiliated with the World Federation of the Deaf ( WFD ) . However , another organization , `` All India Federation of the Deaf '' is affiliated with WDF .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4f09392ffa06c579592291f7e296fa91",
"text": "Helen Augur Helen Augur ( died 1969 ) was an American journalist and historical writer . She was a cousin of Edmund Wilson . Augur was born in Albert Lea , Minnesota and educated at Barnard College . She became a journalist in Chicago , leaving for a while after the war to become a correspondent for the Chicago Tribune in Russia . She began writing for McCall 's in 1932 . In 1937 Augur had a `` torrid , though short-lived love affair '' with her second cousin , Edmund Wilson . She died in 1969 from lung cancer .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "55f6bd343a4062453a4349c6aaa1166c",
"text": "Beverly School for the Deaf Beverly School for the Deaf was founded in 1876 by William Benjamin Swett in Beverly , Massachusetts . Mr. Swett was a deaf man with a deaf daughter and saw a need for educational and vocational services for deaf children and young adults of the North Shore area of Boston . In 1879 with a small legacy and the help of his close friend , the Reverend Dr. Thomas Gallaudet , a 57 acre parcel of land was purchased overlooking the tidal waters of the Bass River in Beverly . The vision of Mr. Swett was organized and incorporated under the laws of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts as the `` New England Industrial School for Deaf Mutes . '' Dr. Gallaudet served as president of the board for 22 years until his death in 1902 . Beverly School for the Deaf serves students ages 3 -- 22 who are Deaf , Hard-of-Hearing and/or have cochlear implants by providing language that is visually accessible via American Sign Language , written English , speech , and AAC / Assistive Technology .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "996b0eb4576f7fdc7231746ab88c38cd",
"text": "Helen Schucman Helen Cohn Schucman ( July 14 , 1909 -- February 9 , 1981 ) was an American clinical and research psychologist from New York City . She was a professor of medical psychology at Columbia University in New York from 1958 until her retirement in 1976 . Schucman is best known for having `` scribed '' with the help of colleague William Thetford the book A Course in Miracles ( 1st edition , 1975 ) , the contents of which she claimed to have been given to her by an inner voice she identified as Jesus . However , as per her request , her role as its `` writer '' was not revealed to the general public until after her death .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b128186584f445389dbf6e4685dc4065",
"text": "Helen Cha-Pyo Helen Cha-Pyo is a Korean-born American conductor and organist . The Mail Tribune of Oregon describes her as being `` on the front edge of a lustrous career as a conductor . '' Born in Seoul , South Korea , Cha-Pyo won numerous competitions and awards as a young pianist , including Grand Prize in the Young Musicians Competition in Los Angeles . At age 13 , her family immigrated from South Korea to the United States and settled near Poughkeepsie , New York . Before graduating from Poughkeepsie High School in 1986 , Cha-Pyo had already studied both piano and organ at The Juilliard School ( pre-college division ) in New York City . After graduating from the Oberlin Conservatory of Music in Ohio , Cha-Pyo relocated to Rochester , New York , where she earned a Master of Music degree in both conducting and organ performance from Eastman School of Music . While at Eastman , Cha-Pyo served as the Assistant Conductor of the Eastman Philharmonia and the Eastman Chorale , as well as studied with the organist David Higgs . Cha-Pyo was the recipient of the Charles Nicholls Memorial Award at Eastman . From 1996 through June 2003 , Helen served as the Artistic Director and Conductor of the Riverside Philharmonic Orchestra and Choir in New York City . She has also held the role of Associate Director of Music at Riverside Church in New York City . Cha-Pyo also pioneered the Riverside Music Educational Program , which currently aids thousands of inner-city students in New York City . Since 1995 she has been the Assistant Conductor of the Britt Festival Orchestra in Jacksonville , Oregon and has guest conducted several orchestras and choruses throughout Asia , Europe , and the United States . Cha-Pyo has conducted orchestras such as the Altenberg Festival Orchestra , Beethoven Chamber Orchestra , Bergen Philharmonic Orchestra , Eastman Philharmonia , Aspen Music Festival Chamber Orchestra , New Washington Symphony Orchestra , and the Washington Korean Orchestra . She has also served as the Musical Advisor at the Rachmaninoff International Music Festival in Russia . As winner of the 1992 John Rodland Memorial Organ Competition sponsored by the American Guild of Organists , she performed in numerous organ recitals throughout the Northeastern United States and Asia , including appearances with symphony orchestras as an organ soloist . In 1999 , Cha-Pyo worked with the Asian Youth Orchestra in Hong Kong , as the rehearsal conductor and assistant to Sergiu Comissiona . That same year , she conducted the U.S. premiere of `` A Garland for Linda , '' a musical tribute to Linda McCartney . In the fall of 2000 , Cha-Pyo conducted the world premiere performance of `` No Easy Walk to Freedom , '' an opera based on the life of Nelson Mandela , at the New Opera Festival at Hofstra University . Cha-Pyo has been the Music Director and Conductor of the Empire State Youth Orchestra in Albany , New York since September 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c3f68c84eaf0eb755bb467e78da83819",
"text": "The Frost King `` The Frost King '' was a short story about King Jack Frost written by 11-year-old Helen Keller . Keller 's teacher , Anne Sullivan , had mentioned that the autumn leaves were `` painted ruby , emerald , gold , crimson , and brown , '' and Keller , by her own account , imagined fairies doing the work . Keller wrote a story about how a cask of jewels , being transported by fairy servants , had melted in the sun and covered the leaves . As a birthday gift , Keller sent the story to Michael Anagnos , head of the Perkins School for the Blind , who published the story in The Mentor , the Perkins alumni magazine . It was picked up by The Goodson Gazette , a journal on deaf-blind education , based in Virginia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2b86460c3d128e59856cba6a21c85564",
"text": "Greta Keller Margaretha `` Greta '' Keller ( February 8 , 1903 -- November 11 , 1977 ) was a cabaret singer and actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "47e58f6add915873be421f7ddab3e43c",
"text": "Charles Townsend Copeland Charles Townsend Copeland ( April 27 , 1860 -- July 24 , 1952 ) was a professor , poet , and writer . He spent much of his time as a mentor in Boston , Massachusetts , specifically at Harvard University , and also worked as a part-time theater critic . Known as `` Copey '' by many of his peers and admirers , he became known for his Harvard poetry readings in the 1930s . In her autobiography , The Story of My Life , Helen Keller paid high praise to Copley as an instructor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "67c8f2f710529a63afd3bd99c2a31107",
"text": "Jeannette Thurber Jeanette Thurber ( also known as Jeannette Meyers Thurber , January 29 , 1850 , in Delhi , New York -- January 2 , 1946 in Bronxville , New York ) was amongst the first major patrons of classical music in the United States . Thurber established the National Conservatory of Music of America in 1885 -- the first of its kind and an endeavor that some say ushered in the first orchestral music with a distinctively American sound . But in a very radical stance for the day , Thurber championed the rights of women , people of color and the handicapped to attend her school , sometimes on full scholarship . This was 1885 -- not too long after the Civil War -- and her school was racially integrated , promoted women , and had an inclusive stance toward the handicapped . Thurber founded the school in part because of her belief that a nation should cultivate its own unique music -- an unusual stance when the prevailing attitude was that all cultured art , especially orchestral music , came from Germany or Italy . While running the school , she sponsored competitions for American musicians to develop American music . `` The National Conservatory of Music of America was the outstanding institution for professional musical preparation in the United States for some 25 years or more . At its height in the 1890s it boasted a faculty of international renown ... and initiated a course of studies whose features became a basis for the curriculum now taken for granted in the colleges and conservatories of this country . Its achievements resulted from the endeavors of a single visionary : Jeanette M Thurber , a wealthy , idealistic New Yorker who devoted most of her life to the school ... Although her innovative design for the Conservatory was influential in shaping the course of American music for the 20th century , Mrs. Thurber and her school have slipped into undeserved obscurity . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a76f8c11b4fc965ec720d32962c55a14",
"text": "Helen Menken Helen Menken ( December 12 , 1901 -- March 27 , 1966 ) was an American actress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e6c1f303c0d0be0bf1dc755358862de3",
"text": "Helen Frye Helen Frye or Fry may refer to : Helen Fisher Frye ( 1918 -- 2014 ) , American educator and civil rights activist Helen J. Frye ( 1930 -- 2011 ) , American judge Helen Frye ( writer ) , British writer and poet , see 1970 in literature Helen Varner Vanderbilt Frye ( 1908 -- 1979 ) , American and former wife to Cornelius Vanderbilt IV and Jack Frye Helen Kemp Frye ( 1910 -- 1986 ) Canadian educator , editor and artist , first wife of Northrop Frye Helen Fry ( born 1967 ) , historian Helen Fry , a song on The Felice Brothers ( album )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f1225ee13077494488f8e9b1c33046f8",
"text": "Festival for Cinema of the Deaf The Festival for Cinema of the Deaf was founded by Joshua Flanders who founded and ran the Chicago Institute for the Moving Image ( CIMI ) , a not-for-profit film organization , and was the first deaf film festival in North America . Their mission is to open the doors to the millions of deaf and hard-of-hearing people worldwide so they may enjoy and understand movies in the theater . They have created a forum for deaf writers , actors and directors to showcase their work under the heading of Deaf Cinema . Chicago festivals were held consecutively in 2002 , 2003 , and 2004 , with CIMI-led deaf film festivals held in Tampa , Boston and Texas . Academy Award winning actress Marlee Matlin hosted the 2004 Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd7f06488d2e6e0be0e5b93c9270031a",
"text": "Helen Herron Taft Helen Louise Herron `` Nellie '' Taft ( June 2 , 1861 -- May 22 , 1943 ) was the wife of William Howard Taft and First Lady of the United States from 1909 to 1913 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5f99bdfd941901ed36567ccaeb067317",
"text": "Part-talkie A part-talkie is a partly , and most often primarily , silent film which includes one or more synchronous sound sequences with audible dialog or singing . During the silent portions lines of dialog are presented as `` titles '' -- printed text briefly filling the screen -- and the soundtrack is used only to supply musical accompaniment and sound effects . In the case of feature films made in the United States , nearly all such hybrid films date to the 1927-1929 period of transition from `` silents '' to full-fledged `` talkies '' with audible dialog throughout . It took about a year and a half for a transition period for American movie houses to move from almost all silent to almost all equipped for sound . In the interim period , studios reacted by improvising four solutions : fast remakes of recent productions , `` goat gland '' pictures with one or two sound sequences spliced into already finished productions , dual sound and silent versions produced simultaneously , and part-talkies . The famous so-called `` first talking picture '' , The Jazz Singer ( 1927 ) , starring Al Jolson , is in fact a part-talkie . It features only about fifteen minutes of singing and talking , interspersed throughout the film , while the rest is a typical silent film with `` titles '' and only a recorded orchestral accompaniment .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2911229422180159f49fb609afe79c02",
"text": "Helen Levitt Helen Levitt ( August 31 , 1913 -- March 29 , 2009 ) was an American photographer . She was particularly noted for `` street photography '' around New York City , and has been called `` the most celebrated and least known photographer of her time . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "bebbb494f424f9d2600a1b4d692bb8ee",
"text": "Alice Cogswell Alice Cogswell ( August 31 , 1805 -- December 30 , 1830 ) was the inspiration to Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet for the creation of the American School for the Deaf in Hartford , Connecticut . At the age of two , Alice became ill with `` spotted fever '' ( cerebral-spinal meningitis ) . This illness took her hearing and later she lost her speech as well . At the time , deafness was viewed as equivalent to a mental illness , and it was believed that the deaf could not be taught . Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet moved into the house next door to hers when she was nine years old . He soon noticed that she was n't interacting with the other children , and when he asked why , he was informed that she was deaf . Intrigued , he decided to teach her to communicate through pictures and writing letters in the dirt . He and Alice 's father , Dr. Mason Cogswell , decided that a formal school would be best for her , but no such school existed in the United States . Gallaudet went to Europe for 15 months , bringing Laurent Clerc back with him upon his return . During the time of his absence , Alice attended a hearing school and somewhat furthered her education , though the situation was not ideal . She was very lively , and enjoyed reading , sewing , and dancing . She was reportedly very good at mimicking others , and was fascinated by the concept of music . Alice Cogswell and six other deaf students entered the school that would become the American School for the Deaf in April 1817 . She died at the age of twenty-five on December 30 , 1830 , exactly twenty days after the death of her father , on December 10 , 1830 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
6f9eb5a6c46142ce5fb4983ee04f1a71 | Katie Holmes starred in the 2002 psychological thriller drama Abandon. | [
{
"docid": "71ebea11f853e8c3dc51072f82ed9a3e",
"text": "Abandon (film) Abandon is a 2002 American psychological thriller drama film written and directed by Stephen Gaghan , starring Katie Holmes as a college student whose boyfriend ( Charlie Hunnam ) disappeared two years previously . Despite being set at an American university , much of the movie was filmed in Canada at McGill University 's McConnell Hall . It is based on the book Adams Fall by Sean Desmond . The book was re-titled Abandon for the movie tie-in paperback printing . The film co-stars Zooey Deschanel and Gabrielle Union , with Benjamin Bratt playing the detective investigating the boyfriend 's disappearance . It received generally negative reviews , with Variety magazine dismissing it as `` a tricked-up Fatal Attraction wannabe '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "31a04603562e957308e5e64ae404a56a",
"text": "Katie Holmes Kate Noelle Holmes ( born December 18 , 1978 ) is an American actress who first achieved fame for her role as Joey Potter on The WB television teen drama Dawson 's Creek from 1998 to 2003 . She appeared in 1998 's Disturbing Behavior , a thriller , which won her an MTV Movie Award for Best Breakthrough Performance . In 2000 Holmes featured in Wonder Boys which got positive attention from many leading critics . Holmes had a starring role in 2003 's Pieces of April , a gritty comedy about a dysfunctional family on Thanksgiving . In the 2005 film Batman Begins , the highest-grossing film of her career to date , she played Rachel Dawes , Gotham City 's assistant district attorney and Bruce Wayne 's childhood sweetheart . She also appeared in art house films such as The Ice Storm , horror films such as Do n't Be Afraid of the Dark and thrillers including Abandon . She has also played on Broadway in a production of Arthur Miller 's All My Sons and had numerous guest roles on television programs such as How I Met Your Mother . In 2011 , she starred as Jacqueline Kennedy in the The Kennedys miniseries , a role she later reprised in the 2017 miniseries The Kennedys : After Camelot . Her marriage to actor Tom Cruise from 2006 to 2012 led to a great deal of media attention , with the pair being called a supercouple and given the nickname `` TomKat '' .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "5a4e4d443ed1498ec19289b5df1b8883",
"text": "List of Psych episodes Psych is an American crime/mystery comedy television series that premiered on July 7 , 2006 on USA Network , and aired its series finale on March 26 , 2014 . It stars James Roday as Shawn Spencer , who uses his eidetic memory with the observational and investigative skills that his father ingrained in him during childhood to fake being a psychic who consults with the Santa Barbara Police Department to solve cases , as well as running a psychic detective agency called Psych . He is ( reluctantly ) helped in his charade by his best friend , Burton `` Gus '' Guster ( Dulé Hill ) , and his father , Henry Spencer ( Corbin Bernsen ) . He generally works with police detectives Carlton Lassiter ( Timothy Omundson ) and Juliet O'Hara ( Maggie Lawson ) and under the direction of Police Chief Karen Vick ( Kirsten Nelson ) . Episodes usually begin with a flashback to Shawn 's youth , showcasing one of Henry 's lessons for his son . These lessons are typically used or applied later in the episode . During the run of Psych 121 episodes aired . On May 8 , 2017 , USA Network announced `` Psych '' would return for a 2-hour TV movie to air in December 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5052c493a93118f14746f4f19fb16bec",
"text": "Kill Katie Malone Kill Katie Malone is a 2010 American horror film directed by Carlos Ramos Jr. and starring Masiela Lusha from The George Lopez Show and Dean Cain . The screenplay was written by Mark Onspaugh .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "51653dbba5be7b2242ec92c949a44cfe",
"text": "Callas Forever Callas Forever is a 2002 biographical film directed by Franco Zeffirelli , who co-wrote the screenplay with Martin Sherman . It is an homage to Zeffirelli 's friend , internationally acclaimed opera diva Maria Callas , whom he directed on stage in Norma , La Traviata , and Tosca .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8e7e6437c891d200230e74e072a096c3",
"text": "Katie Cassidy Katherine Evelyn Anita `` Katie '' Cassidy ( born November 25 , 1986 ) is an American actress . After initially appearing in minor television roles , she made her film debut in When a Stranger Calls ( 2006 ) . During the same year , she also had her first starring role as Kelli Presley in Black Christmas ( 2006 ) . In 2007 , Cassidy gained attention for her role as Ruby on the supernatural-horror television series Supernatural , during its third season . She later had a supporting role in Taken . In 2009 , Cassidy became a cast member of the series Harper 's Island and Melrose Place , both of which lasted for only one season . During 2010 , she had a supporting role in A Nightmare on Elm Street and a recurring role during the fourth season of Gossip Girl . Cassidy had her breakthrough in 2012 , after being cast as Laurel Lance / Black Canary , one of the main protagonists on the television series Arrow , which spawned an entire franchise known as the Arrowverse . Cassidy reprises her role in The Flash , Legends of Tomorrow and voiced the character in the animated web series Vixen . Following her character 's death , Cassidy began playing Laurel Lance / Black Siren , an antagonistic version of her character from a parallel universe , starting in The Flash and continuing on to Arrow . Because of her roles in numerous horror films ( most of which are remakes of classics of the genre ) which include her feature film debut When a Stranger Calls ( 2006 ) , The Lost ( 2006 ) , Black Christmas ( 2006 ) , and A Nightmare on Elm Street ( 2010 ) , she has been called a modern-day scream queen .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "70a92d785ea84c201ddd93b988bbc50f",
"text": "Pressure (2002 film) Pressure is a 2002 thriller film , starring Kerr Smith and Lochlyn Munro . It was co-written and directed by Richard Gale . The film was first shown at the American Film Market on February 20 , 2002 , before being released direct-to-video on November 26 , 2002 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a8144600798a5f4b37fba6ba72f471c4",
"text": "28 Weeks Later 28 Weeks Later is a 2007 British science fiction horror film , structured as a sequel to the critically and commercially successful 2002 film 28 Days Later . 28 Weeks Later was co-written and directed by Juan Carlos Fresnadillo , with Danny Boyle and Alex Garland , director and writer of 28 Days Later respectively , now acting as executive producers . It was released in the United Kingdom and United States on 11 May 2007 . The plot depicts the efforts of NATO military forces to salvage a safe zone in London following the events in 28 Days Later , the consequence of two young siblings breaking protocol to find their infected mother , and the resulting reintroduction of the highly contagious virus to the safe zone .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4d667b0e877b339cd5c0fa4ac3e81dbc",
"text": "Thirteen Ghosts Thirteen Ghosts ( also known as 13 Ghosts and stylized as THIR13EN Ghosts ) is a 2001 Canadian-American supernatural horror film directed by Steve Beck . It is a remake of the 1960 film 13 Ghosts by William Castle . It follows the remake of another one of Castle 's films , House on Haunted Hill , and was shot entirely around Lower Mainland , British Columbia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a45b6489363f7b43859dd909a281644f",
"text": "Don't Look Back (2009 film) Do n't Look Back ( Ne te retourne pas ) is a 2009 French thriller film directed by Marina de Van and starring Sophie Marceau and Monica Bellucci . Written by Jacques Akchoti and Marina de Van , the film is about a wife and mother of two children who suddenly notices changes to the way the family home is arranged and feels that her body is transforming without anyone around her noticing it . While others believe her perceptions are due to fatigue and stress , she is sure that something more profound is happening , and her search to understand these mysterious perceptions prompts her to track down a woman in Italy who holds the key to the mystery .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5873e6f95565031197bd64784523af07",
"text": "2002 (film) 2002 is a Hong Kong science fiction action film directed by Wilson Yip and starring Nicholas Tse and Stephen Fung",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ab38fc0a9931ba848422b711734482bc",
"text": "They (2002 film) They ( also known as Wes Craven Presents : They ) is a 2002 American supernatural horror film directed by Robert Harmon . The plot centers on a group of four adults named Julia Lund , Sam Burnside , Terry Alba , and Billy Parks and their experience with the phenomenon of night terrors and the impact they had on their lives as children and how they come back to haunt them as adults . The film was produced by Ted Field , Tom Engleman , and Wes Craven who served as executive producer . The film stars Laura Regan , Ethan Embry , Dagmara Dominczyk , Jay Brazeau , and Marc Blucas . The title is a reference to the fact that the creatures are only referred to as `` They '' as their origins are ambiguous . The film was a box office bomb and had lukewarm reviews from critics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "becb852a9a1d129df458f58244030ab3",
"text": "Love Liza Love Liza is a 2002 American comedy-drama film directed by Todd Louiso and starring Philip Seymour Hoffman , Kathy Bates , Jack Kehler , Wayne Duvall , Sarah Koskoff and Stephen Tobolowsky .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d30c9c81500d14fa8c4a6442f10ee761",
"text": "Sherlock Holmes (1984 TV series) Sherlock Holmes is the name given to the TV series of Sherlock Holmes adaptations produced by British television company Granada Television between 1984 and 1994 , with the first two series bearing the title The Adventures Of Sherlock Holmes on screen and being followed by subsequent sub-series bearing the titles of other short story collections by Arthur Conan Doyle . The series was broadcast on the ITV network in the UK and starred Jeremy Brett as the famous detective . His portrayal remains very popular and is accepted by some as the definitive on-screen version of Sherlock Holmes . In addition , Holmes 's faithful friend and companion Dr. Watson is portrayed as the kind of thoroughly competent sidekick that Holmes would want . Initially , Watson was portrayed by David Burke ( who had earlier played the villain in an adaptation of `` The Adventure of the Beryl Coronet '' for the 1965 BBC series starring Douglas Wilmer and Nigel Stock ) . Burke appeared in the first year of the Adventures series before leaving to join the Royal Shakespeare Company . He was replaced by Edward Hardwicke , who played Watson for the remainder of the run . Of the 60 Holmes stories written by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle , 42 were adapted in the series spanning 36 one-hour episodes and five feature-length specials . ( The elements of two stories were combined in one episode , accounting for the different numbers . )",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b6aff1d7f80522db9808e8fcdc522b1a",
"text": "The Rules of Attraction (film) The Rules of Attraction is a 2002 black comedy film written and directed by Roger Avary , based on the novel of the same name by Bret Easton Ellis . It stars James van der Beek , Shannyn Sossamon , Ian Somerhalder , Jessica Biel , Kate Bosworth , and Kip Pardue .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "944527e7a78ebc90b233741c2d8cdaea",
"text": "Leave Me Like You Found Me Leave Me Like You Found Me is a 2012 American romantic drama film written and directed by Adele Romanski and starring Megan Boone and David Nordstrom . It is Romanski 's directorial debut .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2110825d0afd99f9bb63194ad4ae05cc",
"text": "Sparkhouse Sparkhouse is a BBC drama , originally shown on BBC One from 1 to 8 September 2002 . Written by Sally Wainwright , it is a modern take on Wuthering Heights .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c733dda152a1e16f12ec7ba4c3c9ab0",
"text": "Fear of the Dark (2002 film) Fear of the Dark is a 2002 Canadian horror film directed by K.C. Bascombe .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b4d0e1086b642ca16abc4f143ac26320",
"text": "Murder by Numbers Murder by Numbers is a 2002 American psychological thriller film produced and directed by Barbet Schroeder starring Sandra Bullock , Ben Chaplin , Ryan Gosling and Michael Pitt . It is loosely based on the Leopold and Loeb case . The film was screened at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival , but was not entered in competition .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c7f9afdc6d0fd27ef24a255951e1766a",
"text": "Erotic thriller An Erotic thriller is a film genre defined by a thriller with a thematic basis in illicit romance or erotic fantasy . Most erotic thrillers contain scenes of softcore sex and nudity , but the frequency and explicitness of those scenes varies . Though similar films appeared as early as the 1960s , erotic thrillers emerged as a distinct genre in the late 1980s , bolstered by the popular success of Adrian Lyne 's Fatal Attraction in 1987 and a quickly expanding domestic and international market for softcore adult entertainment on cable television and home video . The genre had a classic period of growth and expansion in the 1990s , but by the early 2000s declined in production and popular appeal . The potent combination of danger and romance , catering to both male and female audiences simultaneously , was the primary selling point for erotic thriller films during their classic period . The half-naked bodies displayed on posters , newspaper ads , and video box covers were accompanied by log lines that capture the unmistakable duality of the erotic thriller film : If you think you can handle her , you 're dead wrong . -- Body Chemistry 3 : Point of Seduction He was hired to watch . Now he 's tempted to touch . -- Night Eyes Twin sisters cross the line into a deadly erotic fantasy land . -- Mirror Images In all , over 300 erotic thriller films were produced in the 1990s , which is comparable to the number of thriller films made in the noir decade of the 1940s . The total number of films in the erotic thriller genre from 1985 to 2005 may number as high as over 500 . Like film noir , the genre has evolved and modernized , and new films continue to be made that are influenced by the classic style .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a41e4a331eafea81d63bd3b732e383d9",
"text": "Dark Descent Dark Descent is a 2002 film written and directed by Daniel Knauf .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "19f3137ae61a64d9cd6576b81a555618",
"text": "Full Frontal (film) Full Frontal is a 2002 film by Steven Soderbergh about a day in the life of a handful of characters in Hollywood . It stars Catherine Keener , Blair Underwood , David Duchovny , Julia Roberts , Mary McCormack , Brad Pitt , and David Hyde Pierce . The film was shot on digital video using the Canon XL-1s in under a month . The film blurs the line between what is real and what is fiction in its depiction of a film within a film ( and possibly within another ) . It is in the loose structural style and narrative ambiguity of the French New Wave , and it received critical notice for this style .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
f000a19917da6953f22c735d6c97216b | Snowpiercer is a movie that received positive feedback from critics. | [
{
"docid": "d2a81c98d459a3eab9650e484b34fffb",
"text": "Snowpiercer Snowpiercer ( hangul : 설국열차 ; hanja : 雪國列車 ; RR : Seolgungnyeolcha ) is a 2013 English-language South Korean-Czech science fiction thriller film based on the French graphic novel Le Transperceneige by Jacques Lob , Benjamin Legrand and Jean-Marc Rochette . The film is directed by Bong Joon-ho , and written by Bong and Kelly Masterson . The film marks Bong 's English-language debut ; approximately 80 % of the film was shot in English . The film stars Chris Evans , Song Kang-ho , Tilda Swinton , Jamie Bell , Octavia Spencer , Go Ah-sung , John Hurt , and Ed Harris . The movie takes place aboard the globe-spanning Snowpiercer train which holds the last remnants of humanity after an attempt at climate engineering in order to stop global warming has unintentionally created a new ice age . Evans stars as Curtis Everett , a member of the lower-class tail section passengers as they lead a revolution against the elite of the front of the train . Filming was done on train car sets mounted on gimbals at Barrandov Studios in Prague to simulate the motion of the train . Snowpiercer was well received by critics , and appeared on many film critics ' top ten film lists of 2014 following its international release . Praise was primarily directed towards its vision , direction , and performances , particularly Evans 's and Swinton 's . Initially planned for a limited-screen showing in the United States , the critical response to the film prompted The Weinstein Company to expand the showing to more theaters and through digital streaming services . Produced at a budget of $ 40 million , it remains as the most expensive Korean production ever .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "e78701a46db1d8bca6488ca193abaa7c",
"text": "Pokémon Apokélypse Pokémon Apokélypse is a 2010 fan-made short film directed by Kial Natale and produced by Dylan Innes and Lee Majdoub . Based on the Pokémon franchise , the storyline takes place several years after the events of the original anime series . Intended as a fan-response to `` the common trend of ` dark and gritty ' reboots of popular franchises '' , the film was meant to give a mature spin on Pokémon and be in the same vein as work seen on parody website CollegeHumor . The creators initially intended to reveal the film at the Vancouver Anime Evolution convention , it was not shown due to technical difficulties . Instead on September 14 , 2010 , it revealed online via a teaser segment distributed through emails sent to various media outlets , which presented itself as a recording of a `` secret movie trailer screening '' for a film in development . The full film followed shortly thereafter , posted online on September 20 . The result of almost two years of work , the film follows Ash Ketchum and his friends years after the events of the original anime series , and their struggle against criminal organization Rocket Industries . Deciding on using the subject of Pokémon after considering several possibilities such as Grand Theft Auto and Dragon Ball Z , the producers were surprised by fan reaction to the material . Despite praises for the content , they have stated they have no intention to produce a full-fledged film . The initial `` leaked '' preview was met with skepticism and criticism , with Crave Online in particular recalling the trend of past video game-inspired films being of poor quality . Kotaku and Topless Robot in particular noting that the preview did it a disservice by hiding the charm of the completed project , which by comparison was met with very positive reception . GamesRadar called it `` amazing '' , and stated that the content was `` good enough for grown ups '' ; in a further discussion , they added they were impressed by the quality of the work , and how it addressed the similarity between the games and dog fighting . Other sources such as The Escapist and Game Informer also heavily praised the production , with the former lamenting that such a concept would never officially appear from Nintendo .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "800b4b01e202bb19cf991cb95f735a08",
"text": "Everything's Cool (film) Everything 's Cool is a 2007 documentary film that examines the divide between scientists and the general populace on the topic of global warming . Director Dan Gold said of the motivation for the film that `` I 'm optimistic that finally the message that this is real , that human beings are the cause of the most recent warming trend , and that it 's an important issue , that message is actually reaching America . On the other hand ... if that message was fully understood , we would be moving a lot faster to slow this down and to reverse this course . '' The documentary was shown at the Sundance film festival in January 2007 and at the San Francisco International Film Festival in May 2007 . The directors also took Blue Vinyl , a film about plastic pollution , to Sundance in 2002 . It was shown on CBC in Canada as part of the Passionate Eye series . The New York Times called it `` a breezy polemic about the politics of global warming ... -LSB- that -RSB- adopts a cheerful comic tone to avoid scaring audiences . '' The LA Times said that `` With wit and passion , Gold and Helfand marshal a plethora of data and developments yet never lose their narrative thread . '' . The New York Sun was less favourable , calling it `` the best movie I 've ever seen about global warming for kids in junior high school , but it 's the most annoying movie about global warming I 've ever seen for adults . ''",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697580c81479770dc6c70a31e36dd7f8",
"text": "B movie A B movie is a low-budget commercial movie , but one that is not an arthouse film . In its original usage , during the Golden Age of Hollywood , the term more precisely identified films intended for distribution as the less-publicized bottom half of a double feature . Although the U.S. production of movies intended as second features largely ceased by the end of the 1950s , the term B movie continues to be used in the broader sense it maintains today . In its post -- Golden Age usage , there is ambiguity on both sides of the definition : on the one hand , the primary interest of many inexpensive exploitation films is prurient ; on the other , many B movies display a high degree of craft and aesthetic ingenuity . In either usage , most B movies represent a particular genre -- the Western was a Golden Age B movie staple , while low-budget science-fiction and horror films became more popular in the 1950s . Early B movies were often part of series in which the star repeatedly played the same character . Almost always shorter than the top-billed films they were paired with , many had running times of 70 minutes or less . The term connoted a general perception that B movies were inferior to the more handsomely budgeted headliners ; individual B films were often ignored by critics . Latter-day B movies still sometimes inspire multiple sequels , but series are less common . As the average running time of top-of-the-line films increased , so did that of B pictures . In its current usage , the term has somewhat contradictory connotations : it may signal an opinion that a certain movie is ( a ) a genre film with minimal artistic ambitions or ( b ) a lively , energetic film uninhibited by the constraints imposed on more expensive projects and unburdened by the conventions of putatively `` serious '' independent film . The term is also now used loosely to refer to some higher-budgeted , mainstream films with exploitation-style content , usually in genres traditionally associated with the B movie . From their beginnings to the present day , B movies have provided opportunities both for those coming up in the profession and others whose careers are waning . Celebrated filmmakers such as Anthony Mann and Jonathan Demme learned their craft in B movies . They are where actors such as John Wayne and Jack Nicholson first became established , and they have provided work for former A movie actors , such as Vincent Price and Karen Black . Some actors , such as Bela Lugosi , Eddie Constantine and Pam Grier , worked in B movies for most of their careers . The term B actor is sometimes used to refer to a performer who finds work primarily or exclusively in B pictures .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "191ef0077c7883f2dd598fb550444edd",
"text": "The Cobbler (2014 film) The Cobbler is a 2014 American magic realism comedy-drama film directed by Tom McCarthy and co-written by McCarthy with Paul Sado . The film stars Adam Sandler , Dan Stevens , Dustin Hoffman and Steve Buscemi . It was screened in the Special Presentations section at the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival . The film was released on March 13 , 2015 , by Image Entertainment . The film was panned by critics and was a box office bomb .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f541e93ded0a4f790f943320e06e5782",
"text": "Matchstick Productions Matchstick Productions , also known as MSP Films , is a film production company based in Crested Butte , Colorado that specializes in producing ski movies . Steve Winter and Murray Wais founded the company in 1992 . According to MSP 's website , `` Matchstick aims to create entertaining films that not only are stunning visually but on the cutting edge of action sports . '' MSP has released a feature-length ski movie every year since 1992 with several gaining critical acclaim : their breakthrough film `` Ski Movie '' , featuring many of the world 's best skiers at the time , was released in 2000 and won `` Movie of the Year '' from both Powder Magazine and Freeze Magazine . MSP is the most award-winning ski film company in history , with eight `` Movie of the Year '' honors and `` Best Documentary '' prize at the Powder Video Awards , three Emmy nominations for outstanding camerawork , and `` Viewers ' Choice '' runner-up at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "23de006a8287615e18aefef780aff4d1",
"text": "Snowflake, the White Gorilla Snowflake , the White Gorilla ( Copito de Nieve ) is a Spanish direct-to-video live action/animated adventure film directed by Andrés G. Schaer . The film depicts the fictional childhood of the white gorilla Snowflake . In United States , the film was released on . The English dub of the film stars David Spade , Ariana Grande , Jennette McCurdy , Nathan Kress , Dallas Lovato , Keith David , and Christopher Lloyd . It was produced by Grindstone Entertainment Group and distributed by Lionsgate Home Entertainment",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1d82cc9bb9cdc662e46a0f744e0dbf6b",
"text": "Snowstorm (disambiguation) Snowstorm may refer to : Winter storm , a type of precipitation in which the dominant varieties of precipitation are forms that only occur at cold temperatures Winter Storm ( Kirov novel ) , a military alternative history novel by John Schettler `` Snowstorm toy '' , also known as snow globe Snowstorm , a rock band in Gothenburg , Sweden `` Snowstorm '' , a song by Galaxie 500 from their 1989 album On Fire `` Snowstorm '' , a techno song by Fracus `` Snowstorm '' , a song by Wintersleep from their 2003 album Wintersleep Snowstorm , California , former name of Termo , California The Snowstorm : A Christmas Story , a book by Catherine Gore The Snow-Storm , poem by Ralph Waldo Emerson Snowstorm Records , a record label featuring acts such as Chris T-T Buran ( spacecraft ) , a Soviet space shuttle SnowStorm , a popular game on Habbo Hotel Snow Storm ( G.I. Joe ) , a fictional character in the G.I. Joe universe Snowstorm ( film ) , a 1977 Yugoslav film directed by Antun Vrdoljak",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fddff19ac1068b5226e0b5f2075a65cf",
"text": "List of teen films Teen film is a film genre targeted at teenagers and young adults in which the plot is based upon the special interests of teenagers and young adults , such as coming of age , first love , rebellion , conflict with parents , teen angst , and alienation . Some of these films are targeted at adults as well as teenagers . Teen films have been a trope of the cinema industry for decades since the 1950s . At this time , the film industry saw a greater market for teens with more disposable income and therefore more money to spend on leisure activities , largely going to films . Because of the boom in teen viewers , drive-in movie theaters were also very popular . However , even the silent era had teen films . Recently , online streaming services such as Netflix have created a resurgence in the `` tween '' and teenage-oriented film .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4ac50c63377b4f354dedda3a53416b89",
"text": "Snow Falls `` Snow Falls '' is the third episode of the American fairy tale/drama television series Once Upon a Time . The series takes place in the fictional seaside town of Storybrooke , Maine , in which the residents are actually characters from various fairy tales that were transported to the `` real world '' town by a powerful curse . This episode centers on the first meeting of Snow White ( Ginnifer Goodwin ) and Prince Charming ( Joshua Dallas ) , when the former steals his mother 's ring ; Charming hunts her down , but they later part amicably . Meanwhile , Snow 's Storybrooke counterpart , Mary Margaret ( Goodwin ) , develops a personal bond with a comatose John Doe ( Dallas ) while reading him fairy tales . During the night , he awakens and escapes the hospital ; Mary Margaret locates the amnesiac man , but is dismayed to learn that he is married . The episode was written by co-executive producer Liz Tigelaar , while being directed by Dean White . It featured the first appearance of David Anders as Dr. Whale and Anastasia Griffith in the dual role of Kathryn Nolan and Princess Abigail . `` Snow Falls '' serves as a prequel to the pilot episode . Goodwin injured herself during filming and received facial stitches in a local emergency room , though she and Dallas still called the episode their favorite up to that point . It first aired in the United States on ABC on November 6 , 2011 . An estimated 11.4 million viewers tuned into the episode , and it placed second in its timeslot , though it garnered five percent fewer viewers than the previous episode . `` Snow Falls '' received generally positive reviews from television critics , with several calling it an indication that the series was improving over time . The chemistry between Goodwin and Dallas was particularly highlighted for praise . A novelization of the episode was released in 2013 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b622f3dc01fda937c880cf3fb8f93a6",
"text": "Frozen (franchise) Frozen is a Disney media franchise started by the 2013 American animated feature Frozen , which was directed by Chris Buck and Jennifer Lee from a screenplay by Lee and produced by Peter Del Vecho , with songs by Robert Lopez and Kristen Anderson-Lopez . Walt Disney Animation Studios ' chief creative officer John Lasseter served as the film 's executive producer . The original film was inspired by the Hans Christian Andersen fairy tale `` The Snow Queen '' . Since the film 's release in November 2013 , the franchise has expanded very rapidly . To date , the franchise includes various Disney theme park attractions , merchandise , video games , books , a Disney on Ice show , and a short animated film . Disney has also announced that it is working on a Broadway stage musical adaptation , an animated film sequel , and a new book series . In November 2014 , TheStreet.com explained that `` Frozen is no longer a movie , it 's a global brand , a larger than life franchise built around products , theme parks and sequels that could last into the next century '' . Boxoffice '' chief analyst Phil Contrino was quoted as saying `` it 's become massive '' .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "cd0ace1270f626365441a3fbd3d36d96",
"text": "Unsimulated sex Unsimulated sex is the presentation in a film of sex scenes where the actors engage in an actual sex act , and are not just miming or simulating the actions . At one time in the United States such scenes were restricted by law and self-imposed industry standards such as the Motion Picture Production Code . Films showing explicit sexual activity were confined to privately distributed underground films , such as stag films or `` porn loops '' . Beginning in the late 1960s , most notably with Blue Movie by Andy Warhol , mainstream cinemas began pushing boundaries in terms of what was presented on screen . Although the vast majority of sexual situations depicted in mainstream cinema are simulated ( in early pornography , the main actors engaged in simulated sex , with inserts placed in the film ) , on rare occasions actors engage in real sex . The difference between these films and pornography is that , while such scenes might be considered erotic , the intent of these films is not solely pornographic . Notable examples include two of the eight Bedside-films and the six Zodiac-films from the 1970s , all of which were produced in Denmark and had many pornographic sex scenes , but were nevertheless considered mainstream films ( they all had mainstream casts and crews , and premiered in mainstream cinemas ) . The last of these films , Agent 69 Jensen i Skyttens tegn , was made in 1978 . From the end of the 1970s until the late 1990s it was rare to see hardcore scenes in mainstream cinema , but this changed with the success of Lars von Trier 's The Idiots ( 1998 ) , which heralded a wave of art-house films with explicit content , such as Romance ( 1999 ) , Baise-moi ( 2000 ) , Intimacy ( 2001 ) , Vincent Gallo 's The Brown Bunny ( 2003 ) , and Michael Winterbottom 's 9 Songs ( 2004 ) . Some simulated sex scenes are sufficiently realistic that critics mistakenly believe that they are real , such as the cunnilingus scene in the 2006 film Red Road .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9e0d0b4bceb23db7d8aac6fa5a502fe4",
"text": "Snow in Florida It is very rare for snow to fall in the U.S. state of Florida , especially in the central and southern portions of the state . With the exception of the far northern areas of the state and the Jacksonville area , most of the major cities of Florida have never recorded measurable snowfall , have only recorded trace ( T ) amounts , or have only reported flurries in the air , usually just a few times each century . In the Florida Keys and Key West there is no known occurrence of snow flurries since the settlement of the region . Due to Florida 's low latitude and subtropical climate , temperatures cold enough to support significant snowfall are infrequent and their duration is fleeting . In general , frost is more common than snow , requiring temperatures of 32 ° F ( 0 ° C ) or less at 2 m above sea level , a cloudless sky , and a relative humidity of 65 % or more . Generally , for snow to occur , the polar jet stream must move southward through Texas and into the Gulf of Mexico , with a stalled cold front across the southern portion of the state curving northeastward to combine freezing air into the frontal clouds . While light snowfall occurs a few times each decade across the northern panhandle , most of the state is too far south of the cold continental air masses responsible for generating snowfall in the rest of the country . The mean maximum monthly snowfall in most parts of Florida is zero . The only other areas in the continental United States with this distinction are extreme southern Texas and parts of coastal southern California . Much of the known information on snow in Florida prior to 1900 is from climatological records provided by the National Weather Service meteorological station in Jacksonville , and information for other locations is sparse . The earliest recorded instance of snow in Florida occurred in 1774 ; being unaccustomed to snow , some Jacksonville residents called it `` extraordinary white rain . '' The first White Christmas in northeastern Florida 's history resulted from a snow event that occurred on December 23 , 1989 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e719d270d9bb7d936a536bfbb7145054",
"text": "Let It Snow (2001 film) Let It Snow is a 2001 romantic comedy movie . The story involves a young man who finds love during `` snow days '' time off from high school , but spends years finding his true self . He is haunted by the family `` curse '' -- as told to him by his grandmother -- that the men in the family are doomed .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ece8ad8b73830c9e859442b91c3781d1",
"text": "Schneeland Schneeland ( German : `` Snowland '' ) is a 2005 film written and directed by German filmmaker Hans W. Geissendörfer . Based on the novel Hohaj by Elisabeth Rynell , it depicts the devastation felt by Elizabeth ( Maria Schrader ) , a woman who had lost her husband in a car crash and wants to leave her three young children to join him in death by wandering out into the snowy deserts of Lapland . As she wanders through the snow , Elizabeth discovers the story of Aron ( Thomas Kretschmann ) and Ina ( Julia Jentsch ) , a couple who overcame dark secrets and over-controlling family members to be with each other . Schneeland premiered in January 2005 at the Sundance Film Festival and was released nationwide in German later that month . At the Deutscher Filmpreis ( German Film Awards ) in 2005 , it was nominated for four awards including Best Costume Design and Best Production Design . It won for Best Cinematography .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f8955f97939f2f6b40f3762991f743fc",
"text": "2013 Deauville American Film Festival The 39th Deauville American Film Festival took place at Deauville , France from August 30 to September 8 , 2013 . Steven Soderbergh 's drama film Behind the Candelabra served as the opening night film . Snowpiercer by Bong Joon-ho was the closing night film of the festival . The Grand Prix was awarded to Night Moves by Kelly Reichardt . Complete lineup for the festival was announced on July 19 , 2013 , including episodes from Television shows for the Television section at the festival . Electronic music duo Justice was given Carte blanche section to show nine of their favourite American films to the festival audience . The festival paid tribute to Cate Blanchett , Nicolas Cage , Larry Clark , Gale Anne Hurd and John Travolta and hosted retrospective of their films . The festival honoured American actor , singer , dancer , and comedian Danny Kaye with Deauville Legend award .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d21a062d3bec48b93e539789a8e06c4d",
"text": "Cool It (film) Cool It is a 2010 documentary film based on the book Cool It : The Skeptical Environmentalist 's Guide to Global Warming by Danish political scientist Bjørn Lomborg . The film stars Lomborg , best known for authoring The Skeptical Environmentalist . It premiered in September in Canada at the 2010 Toronto International Film Festival and had a theatrical United States release on November 12 , 2010 . The film was directed by Ondi Timoner .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c4c7609f939afa1e742761f2448e22d1",
"text": "Mr. Cranky Mr. Cranky , a satirical film critic , was created in 1995 by Jason Katzman and Hans Bjordahl . The Cranky personae premises that all movies are terrible ; at issue , solely , is the severity of pain , insult , discomfort or idiocy projected , injected , ingested , subjected or otherwise presented . There are no good films in the Cranky pantheon ; only films which inflict greater or lesser suffering . Subtextually , the Mr. Cranky website is a comment on an uncritical film-reviewing culture . In contrast to boilerplate , overly effusive reviews -- often including declarations that incorporate a film 's theme or title in a pun or play-on-words -- the Cranky review is received on the originality of its portrayal of physical suffering and mental anguish effected by the viewing experience . The movies are rated on a six-step scale , with the least bad ( i.e. best ) film receiving one `` bomb . '' Films that cause greater suffering receive additional `` bombs . '' ( Up to four . ) Movies deemed particularly offensive receive a Dynamite or `` Boomstick '' rating . The worst films ( i.e. those Cranky has marked as irredeemable -- `` Proof that Jesus died in vain '' in classic Cranky vernacular ) receive the Animated Atomic Explosion or `` Kaboom ! '' rating . In October 2001 , a `` guest reviewer '' named Mr. Smiley appeared . A post-modern reflection of the Cranky character 's anti-reviews , Mr. Smiley is a mirror opposite of the Mr. Cranky personae : all reviews are hyperbolically positive . Mr. Smiley is a stereotypical smiley face smelling a pink Freesia flower , appearing every year near Halloween . Consistent with the theme , the Smiley character has a rising five-step scale going from one smiley face to the `` Prozacerrific ! '' Happy Pill . Consistent with other 20th-century artists including the post World War I Dadaists ( Absurdists ) and post-modern anti-art of the 1960s -- best embodied by Warhol 's `` pop art '' works and Lichenstein 's self-portraits -- Mr. Smilely was an effective ironic tool used to comment on the deficiencies of uncritical analysis and review .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "88339e4403ab44f897767999ce0c3eee",
"text": "The Red Snowball Tree The Red Snowball Tree ( -LSB- Калина красная , Kalina krasnaya -RSB- ) is a 1974 Soviet drama film directed by Vasily Shukshin . It was the most successful film of that year . In total the film was watched by over 140 million people . German film director and screenwriter Rainer Werner Fassbinder included The Red Snowball Tree in the top ten of his favorite films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "907c6b7233e1e24c83843a55d64e7cdf",
"text": "Winter's Bone Winter 's Bone is a 2010 American independent drama film , an adaptation of Daniel Woodrell 's 2006 novel of the same name . Written and directed by Debra Granik , the film stars Jennifer Lawrence as a teenaged girl in the rural Ozarks of the central United States who , to protect her family from eviction , must locate her missing father . The film explores the interrelated themes of close and distant family ties , the power and speed of gossip , self-sufficiency , and poverty as they are changed by the pervasive underworld of illegal methamphetamine labs . Winter 's Bone won several awards , including the Grand Jury Prize : Dramatic Film at the 2010 Sundance Film Festival . It also received four 2011 Academy Award nominations : Best Picture , Best Adapted Screenplay , Best Actress and Best Supporting Actor .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1a1390660200817b1e4b074567bf1255",
"text": "The Simpsons Movie The Simpsons Movie is a 2007 American animated comedy film based on the Fox television series The Simpsons . The film was directed by David Silverman , and stars the regular television cast of Dan Castellaneta , Julie Kavner , Nancy Cartwright , Yeardley Smith , Hank Azaria , Harry Shearer , Tress MacNeille , Pamela Hayden , Marcia Wallace , and Russi Taylor with guest appearances by Tom Hanks , Green Day , and Albert Brooks . The film follows Homer Simpson , whose irresponsibility gets the better of him when he pollutes the lake in Springfield after the town has cleaned it up following receipt of a warning from the Environmental Protection Agency . As the townspeople exile him and eventually his family abandons him , Homer works to redeem his folly by stopping Russ Cargill , the fictional head of the EPA , when he intends to destroy Springfield . Previous attempts to create a The Simpsons film failed due to the lack of a script of appropriate length and production crew members . Eventually , producers James L. Brooks , Matt Groening , Al Jean , Richard Sakai , and Mike Scully began development of the film in 2001 . A writing team consisting of Brooks , Groening , Jean , Scully , Ian Maxtone-Graham , George Meyer , David Mirkin , Mike Reiss , Matt Selman , John Swartzwelder , and Jon Vitti was assembled . They conceived numerous plot ideas , with Groening 's being the one developed into a film . The script was re-written over a hundred times , and this creativity continued after the animation had begun in 2006 . This meant hours of finished material was cut , which included cameo roles from Erin Brockovich , Minnie Driver , Isla Fisher , Kelsey Grammer , and Edward Norton . Hanks and Green Day appeared in the final cut as themselves . Tie-in promotions were made with several companies , including Burger King and 7-Eleven , the latter which transformed selected stores into Kwik-E-Marts . The film premiered in Springfield , Vermont , which had won the right to hold it through a competition organized by Fox . The film was a critical and commercial success , grossing over $ 527 million worldwide .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
bfe37bf4e14d5e70b37e00479dc57479 | Aaron Carter was born in 1997. | [
{
"docid": "b1b191a5a8200bd801769cec3499681c",
"text": "Aaron Carter Aaron Charles Carter ( born December 7 , 1987 ) is an American singer . He came to fame as a pop and hip hop singer in the late 1990s , establishing himself as a star among pre-teen and teenage audiences during the early 2000s with his four studio albums . Born in Tampa , Florida , Carter began performing at age seven and released his self-titled debut album in 1997 . His second album Aaron 's Party ( Come Get It ) ( 2000 ) sold three million copies in the United States , and Carter began making guest appearances on Nickelodeon and touring with the Backstreet Boys shortly after the record 's release . Carter 's next album , Oh Aaron , also went platinum , and the musician released his most recent studio album , Another Earthquake ! , in 2002 , followed by his 2003 Most Requested Hits collection . He has since appeared on Dancing With the Stars , the Broadway play The Fantasticks , and made several one-off performances . In 2014 , he announced that he would begin releasing new music and began by releasing a single featuring rapper Pat SoLo , `` Ooh Wee '' , which first became available as a free download with purchase on his web store . Carter released a single , Fool 's Gold , on April 1 , 2016 and an EP titled LøVë on February 10 , 2017 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "48505a4e30aed3797b5ff44c81bdc4ed",
"text": "Chris Carter (actor) Chris Carter is a Canadian actor and screenwriter .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d89700b3914178166dbd137ea9d24a9a",
"text": "Yannick Carter Yannick Carter ( born February 2 , 1984 ) is a former professional Canadian football linebacker . He was drafted in the third round of the 2007 CFL Draft by the Saskatchewan Roughriders . Carter also played 4 seasons with the Hamilton Tiger-Cats . He played CIS Football at Wilfrid Laurier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "8478e44430c21b368ac05e69600f2b23",
"text": "Fever One Carter `` Fever One '' McGlasson is a b-boy and DJ originally from Seattle , Washington who relocated to New York City in 1997 and eventually joined the world-famous Rock Steady Crew . He is most well known for his ` gunzblazin ' style which he developed while studying with his mentors Icey Ice and Lil ' Lep of the New York City Breakers .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b0fe0f137becf24c452983a421597132",
"text": "Carter Finally Gets It Carter Finally Gets It is a 2009 young adult novel by Brent Crawford . The novel follows the misadventures of William Carter , who suffers from ADD as he enters his first year of high school . He must face bullies , rejection , and going to the same school as his sister . It wo n't be easy , especially when his friends start having more fun than him . But he makes it through eventually .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "84b006dcbe140c1f78c368b4543092d3",
"text": "Adam Marcus (director) Adam Marcus ( born 1968 ) is an American film director , writer and actor . Marcus was born in Westport , Connecticut and attended Staples High School . He started his career at the age of fifteen , when he co-created the Westport Theatreworks Theatrical Company where he directed and produced over fifty shows in seven years . He then attended New York University where he won the coveted Best Picture Award at the Student Academy Awards in 1990 for his film , '' ... so you like this girl '' . In 1991 , Marcus was called out to Los Angeles by filmmaker Sean S. Cunningham ( the director of the original Friday the 13th ) to work on producing and directing features . That same year , he co-produced Johnny Zombie ( retitled My Boyfriend 's Back ) for Cunningham and Disney Studios . In 1993 , Marcus wrote the story for and directed the ninth film in the Friday the 13th series , Jason Goes to Hell : The Final Friday for New Line . He was 23 at the time and the youngest director ever hired by the studio . The three million dollar feature went on to gross over eighteen million domestically and became one of New Line Video 's largest releases ever . Marcus and his writing partner Debra Sullivan then turned their attention to screenwriting for Paramount ( the adaptation of James Patterson 's Virgin , later titled Cradle and All ) and Fox ( the original Black Autumn ) . In 1995 , Marcus created the theater company Damn Skippy Theatreworks in L.A. . In the Summer and Fall of 1998 Marcus directed the independently financed feature film comedy , Let It Snow ( aka Snow Days ) . The picture marked the return of Bernadette Peters in a feature film after an eight-year absence from film work . The film screened at the Independent Feature Film Market ( IFFM ) in New York City where it was singled out as the most successful film at the market by Variety , Time Out IndieWire . Let It Snow had its world premiere at the American Film Institute 's Los Angeles International Film Festival ( AFI 's LAIFF ) in competition in the New Visions Category ; the film won awards at the festival for Best New Writer and Best Editing . The film then went on to be an official selection of Sundance 2000 in the American Spectrum section where it was given two extra screenings and sold out all seven of its showings . Then came the New York/Avignon film festival and the Deauville festival in France , where the film received critical acclaim . Let It Snow received positive reviews from Variety , The Hollywood Reporter , Ai n't It Cool News , The New York Times , and The Gore Score as well as a number of other publications worldwide . Marcus then turned to television , where he sold several series to Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions , Imagine Television , NBC , Fox and The WB . In 2008 , Marcus directed the feature film Conspiracy for Sony Pictures , which he co-wrote with Debra Sullivan . The film was shot in Santa Fe , New Mexico with Val Kilmer , Jennifer Esposito and Gary Cole . Marcus completed the pilot presentation Fitz and Slade and is currently co-writing , directing and serving as executive producer on the web series Connected . In 2013 Marcus co-wrote the reboot of The Texas Chainsaw Massacre series , Texas Chainsaw 3D with partner Sullivan and Stephen Susco , which was the first number-one box office film in North America of the year . He co-wrote with Sullivan the feature film Cabin Fever : Outbreak and is directing and co-writing The Plantation , an adaptation of Val Lewton 's RKO classic I Walked with a Zombie . Adam 's script for Momentum ( aka Gravity ) , co-written by Sullivan , began production in South Africa starting January 2014 . The film was the directorial debut of Stephen Campanelli and stars Morgan Freeman , James Purefoy and Olga Kurylenko . The film premiered at the Fantasia International Film Festival in 2015 . Marcus is the brother of Young Artist Award-nominated actor Kipp Marcus . Marcus attended NYU 's Tisch School of the Arts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fd9f9a37b078aff1c693526201931e75",
"text": "Lonzo Ball Lonzo Anderson Ball ( born October 27 , 1997 ) is an American basketball player . He played college basketball for one season with the UCLA Bruins , earning consensus first-team All-American honors before declaring for the 2017 NBA draft . As a high school senior at Chino Hills High School in 2016 , Ball was awarded multiple national high school player of the year honors , and led his team to an undefeated record , as well as a national championship . As a college freshman in 2016 -- 17 , he led the nation in assists and broke the UCLA record for most assists in a season . He also won the Wayman Tisdale Award as the top freshman in the nation .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a0cd4f4022e8629f95693e7d86450291",
"text": "Carter Jackson Carter Jackson is an actor based in New York City .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4c984ceea8a845fd23435383488aeabb",
"text": "Aaron Gillespie (cricketer) Aaron Gillespie ( born 13 March 1997 ) is an Irish cricketer . He made his List A debut for North West Warriors in the 2017 Inter-Provincial Cup on 29 May 2017 . Prior to his List A debut , he was part of Ireland 's squad for the 2016 Under-19 Cricket World Cup . He made his first-class debut for North West Warriors in the 2017 Inter-Provincial Championship on 30 May 2017 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d33671e8540a2999ff3f1bf52b89a880",
"text": "Aaron Eckhart Aaron Edward Eckhart ( born March 12 , 1968 ) is an American film and stage actor . Born in Cupertino , California , he moved to the UK at age 13 , when his father relocated the family . Several years later , he began his acting career by performing in school plays , before moving to Sydney , Australia for his high school senior year . He left high school without graduating , but earned a diploma through an adult education course , and graduated from Brigham Young University ( BYU ) in 1994 with a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree in film . For much of the mid-1990s , he lived in New York City as a struggling , unemployed actor . As an undergraduate at BYU , Eckhart met director and writer Neil LaBute , who cast him in several of his own original plays . Five years later Eckhart made a debut as an unctuous , sociopathic ladies ' man in LaBute 's black comedy film In the Company of Men ( 1997 ) . Under LaBute 's guidance he worked in the director 's films Your Friends & Neighbors ( 1998 ) , Nurse Betty ( 2000 ) , and Possession ( 2002 ) . Eckhart gained wide recognition as George in Steven Soderbergh 's critically acclaimed film Erin Brockovich ( 2000 ) , and in 2006 received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Actor for his portrayal of Nick Naylor in Thank You for Smoking . Another mainstream breakout occurred in 2008 when he starred in the blockbuster Batman film The Dark Knight as District Attorney Harvey Dent . Other key roles include The Pledge ( 2001 ) , The Core ( 2003 ) , Rabbit Hole ( 2010 ) Battle : Los Angeles ( 2011 ) , Olympus Has Fallen ( 2013 ) , I , Frankenstein ( 2014 ) , Olympus '' ' sequel , London Has Fallen and Sully '' ( both 2016 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "fbc4819f6020cd3423e1173b036e011b",
"text": "Drew Carter Christopher Drew Carter ( born September 5 , 1981 ) is a former American football wide receiver of the National Football League . He was originally drafted by the Carolina Panthers in the fifth round of the 2004 NFL Draft . He played college football at Ohio State . He also played for the Oakland Raiders .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7205e055bea795672602e0b22d72c6f9",
"text": "Aaron Michael Metchik Aaron Michael Metchik ( born April 22 , 1980 ) , also credited as Aaron Metchik , is an American actor , writer , and director , known for his role as Steven Floyd Torkelson on The Torkelsons .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f2396232b98b57310dc3d72967d1e503",
"text": "Oh Aaron Oh Aaron is American teen pop singer Aaron Carter 's third studio album , released in the summer of 2001 . The album features three collaborations with No Secrets and his older brother , Nick Carter . Although not as successful as his second album , it found success in the U.S. , peaking at # 7 and was certified Platinum by the RIAA making this Aaron 's second top 10 album and second platinum-selling album . This album was also his second album that was released under Jive Records . Oh Aaron was accompanied by a concert DVD of the same name , which was released on March 26 , 2002 , and included footage of his 2001 concert in Baton Rouge , Louisiana , as well as music videos and interviews . Play Along Toys also created an Aaron Carter action figure in conjunction with the album 's release .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3036068f3b1512bd6da5361de37ebb79",
"text": "Aaron Davis (basketball) Aaron Alexander Davis ( born May 30 , 1979 ) is an American basketball player . He played collegiately for Faulkner State Community College in 1997 -- 98 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ad00fc0961ec82807432cfa360a8f5eb",
"text": "Arden Hayes Arden Hayes ( born January 30 , 2008 ) is an American child prodigy . From Southern California , he became known at age 5 for his knowledge of American and geopolitics . Reciting Lincoln 's Gettysburg Address , and being able to identify the countries of the world and name the capitals of each . His interest in American presidents was sparked by Arden 's learning that he shares a birthday with former United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt . On May 4 , 2013 , Arden was featured in an article and video in the Los Angeles Times . This spurred many additional newspaper articles and blogs and Arden appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! on July 2 , 2013 , to demonstrate his knowledge regarding U.S. presidents . On November 5 , 2013 , Arden again appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! , and displayed his knowledge of the nations of the world and their capitals and rejected a free Sony Xperia Tablet Z because he preferred the Apple iPad and would rather wait until Christmas to receive it . He appeared on Jimmy Kimmel Live ! for the third time on April 2 , 2014 , and showed his interest and knowledge about chemical elements in the periodic table . He appeared on the show again on November 23 , 2015 , when he won a shut-out victory against the cast of Star Wars : The Force Awakens in a Star Wars trivia contest .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d9cd1a9917456ff1c7394dcda710a271",
"text": "Chandler Park Academy Chandler Park Academy is a charter school in Harper Woods , Michigan . Founded in 1997 , it is a college preparatory elementary , middle , and high school offering grades K-12 . The student body is 98.89 % African American and 80 % of students qualify for free/reduced price lunch . The student/teacher ratio is 25:1 . Chandler Park Academy rates lower than most nearby public schools based on test scores according to greatschools.net , although their fall 2006 MEAP and National Merit scores were higher than the State of Michigan targets . The Chandler Park boys middle school track team won the championship for the 3rd time in a row . Derrick Walton Jr. attended this school along with other athletes such as C'sonte York , Andre Turner , Robert Kelly , and David Barks .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bfbd7d026ae90559069d0c160e62110",
"text": "Carter (supercomputer) Carter is a supercomputer installed at Purdue University in the fall of 2011 in a partnership with Intel . The high-performance computing cluster is operated by Information Technology at Purdue ( ITaP ) , the university 's central information technology organization . ITaP also operates clusters named Steele built in 2008 , Coates built in 2009 , Rossmann built in 2010 , and Hansen built in the summer of 2011 . Carter was the fastest campus supercomputer in the U.S. outside a national center when built . It was one of the first clusters to employ Intel 's second generation Xenon E-5 `` Sandy Bridge '' processor and ranked 54th on the November 2011 TOP500 list , making it Purdue 's first Top 100-ranked research computing system .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "75c82a7706d2ec7a58dcb681deb36954",
"text": "Aaron Chimbel Aaron Chimbel ( born May 5 , 1979 in Shawnee Mission , Kansas ) is an American broadcast journalist . Currently , he teaches journalism at Texas Christian University . He was the MoJo or Mobile Journalist for the website of WFAA-TV in Dallas , TX , wfaa.com . He joined WFAA as its first digital field reporter in February 2006 . He was among the first of a new breed of journalists producing original multi-media content for a television station 's website . Before joining WFAA , Aaron was a reporter for KWTX-TV based in Killeen , TX covering Fort Hood , Killeen , Temple and surrounding areas . Previously he was a producer at Texas Cable News ( TXCN ) in Dallas . He was also a co-producer for the documentary Soldier of God ( 2003 ) . Aaron graduated from Texas Christian University in 2002 and the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism a year later , with a master of science degree .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ffbf82e82ffdab4117dd8c2b568e6999",
"text": "Aaron Riley Aaron Matthew Riley ( born December 9 , 1980 ) is a retired American mixed martial artist who most recently competed in the Lightweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship . A professional competitor from 1997-2013 , he has also formerly competed in PRIDE , the IFL , Shooto , and BodogFIGHT . Aside from mixed martial arts , Riley has also competed in professional boxing .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "802a32787526e530dacf546a555fad65",
"text": "Carter & Cone Carter & Cone Type Inc. is a digital type foundry that produces and markets the typefaces of type designer Matthew Carter . The foundry was founded in 1992 by Carter and Cherie Cone and is based in Cambridge , Massachusetts . Cone , who lives in California , manages the business aspects of the foundry . According to the Type Directors Club , `` Carter & Cone have produced types on commission for Apple , Microsoft ( the screen fonts Verdana and Georgia ) , Time , Newsweek , Wired , U.S. News & World Report , Sports Illustrated , The Washington Post , and the Walker Art Center . '' In 1981 , Carter and Cone were two of the four founders of Bitstream , a digital type foundry , also based in Cambridge , Massachusetts .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a13bd99313e7a16dfe82ab3c913b2df8",
"text": "Kade Stewart Kade Stewart ( born 16 January 1997 ) is an Australian rules footballer in the Australian Football League , currently with the Hawthorn Football Club .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
374d9248ad962d21622da967b7bbe0a4 | Pierce Brosnan failed to be in the remake of The Thomas Crown Affair. | [
{
"docid": "2ab667085f820ec3edbc717908428516",
"text": "Pierce Brosnan Pierce Brendan Brosnan , OBE ( born 16 May 1953 ) is an Irish actor , film producer , and activist who after leaving comprehensive school at age 16 , began training in commercial illustration . He then went on to train at the Drama Centre in London for three years . Following a stage acting career he rose to popularity in the television series Remington Steele ( 1982 -- 87 ) , which blended the genres of romantic comedy , drama , and detective procedural . After the conclusion of Remington Steele , Brosnan appeared in films such as the Cold War spy film The Fourth Protocol ( 1987 ) and the comedy Mrs. Doubtfire ( 1993 ) . In 1994 , Brosnan became the fifth actor to portray secret agent James Bond in the Eon Productions film series , starring in four films from 1995 to 2002 ( GoldenEye , Tomorrow Never Dies , The World Is Not Enough and Die Another Day ) . He lent his likeness for Bond in the video games James Bond 007 : Nightfire and James Bond 007 : Everything or Nothing , providing his voice for the latter . During this period , he also took the lead in other films including the epic disaster adventure film Dante 's Peak ( 1997 ) and the remake of the heist film The Thomas Crown Affair ( 1999 ) . Since leaving the role of Bond , he has starred in such films as the musical/romantic comedy Mamma Mia ! ( 2008 ) , the Roman Polanski-directed political thriller The Ghost Writer ( 2010 ) and the action spy thriller The November Man ( 2014 ) . In 1996 , along with Beau St. Clair , Brosnan formed Irish DreamTime , a Los Angeles-based production company . In later years , he has become known for his charitable work and environmental activism . He was married to Australian actress Cassandra Harris from 1980 until her death in 1991 . He married American journalist and author Keely Shaye Smith in 2001 , and became an American citizen in 2004 , holding dual citizenship in the United States and Ireland . He has earned two Golden Globe Award nominations , first for the television miniseries Nancy Astor ( 1982 ) and next for the dark comedy film The Matador ( 2005 ) .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "3ecff1f9421be4c5e3f626e3a03c2991",
"text": "The Heist (1989 film) The Heist is a 1989 HBO made-for-TV movie , starring Pierce Brosnan .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "53632f940409271ef2f3b6d6dc4e6180",
"text": "Caboblanco Caboblanco ( 1980 ) is an American drama film directed by J. Lee Thompson , starring Charles Bronson , Dominique Sanda and Jason Robards . The film has often been described as a remake of Casablanca . The movie marks the third collaboration between Bronson and director J. Lee Thompson ( following 1976 's St. Ives and 1977 's The White Buffalo ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f700d90d1d5300b90ca2215d90297ff0",
"text": "The Woman He Loved The Woman He Loved is a 1988 HTV romantic drama television about the abdication of Edward VIII . Directed by Charles Jarrott , it stars Anthony Andrews , Jane Seymour and Olivia de Havilland . Jane Seymour was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Actress -- Miniseries or Television Film at the 46th Golden Globe Awards and Olivia de Havilland was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie . Costume designer Robin Fraser-Paye was also nominated for Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Costume Design for a Miniseries or a Special . It was partly shot at Shirenewton Hall in Monmouthshire .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3513171629aff9e9987006a3bd682a61",
"text": "Paul Temple Returns Paul Temple Returns is a 1952 British crime film directed by Maclean Rogers and starring John Bentley , Patricia Dainton and Peter Gawthorne . Known in the U.S. as Bombay Waterfront , it was the fourth and last in the series of Paul Temple films , although the character was revived for the BBC television series Paul Temple in 1969 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "928ee05e5cda57aaaa82a0befd02a937",
"text": "A Connecticut Yankee (film) A Connecticut Yankee is a 1931 American Pre-Code film adaptation of Mark Twain 's 1889 novel , A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court . It was directed by David Butler to a script by William M. Conselman , Owen Davis , and Jack Moffitt . It was produced by Fox Film Corporation ( later 20th Century Fox ) , who had earlier produced the 1921 silent adaptation of the novel , A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur 's Court . A Connecticut Yankee is the first sound film adaptation of Twain 's novel . As in The Wizard of Oz , many of the actors in the film play more than one role , a character in the real world and one in the dream world . The film stars Will Rogers as Hank Martin , an American accidental time traveler who finds himself in Camelot back in the days of King Arthur ( William Farnum , a Fox star for many years ) . Myrna Loy and Brandon Hurst play the evil Morgan le Fay and Merlin , who must be overcome by Hank 's modern technical knowledge , while Maureen O'Sullivan plays Alisande . Fox was likely inspired to produce A Connecticut Yankee based on the success of the 1921 silent film . The 1931 version was likewise successful , and was re-released in 1936 . It is unrelated to the 1927 musical also titled A Connecticut Yankee . The hero 's name was changed from Hank Morgan to Hank Martin , possibly because the original name sounded too similar to that of actor Frank Morgan . A trailer for the film exists at the Library of Congress .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2ce6144f21aedd6c0904ef060cc9b80e",
"text": "The Verdict The Verdict is a 1982 American courtroom drama film starring Paul Newman , Charlotte Rampling , Jack Warden , James Mason , Milo O'Shea and Lindsay Crouse . The film , which was directed by Sidney Lumet , was adapted by David Mamet from the novel by Barry Reed . It is about a down-on-his-luck alcoholic lawyer who takes a medical malpractice case to improve his own situation , but discovers along the way that he is doing the right thing . The Verdict garnered critical acclaim and box office success . The film was nominated for five Academy Awards , including Best Actor in a Leading Role ( Paul Newman ) , Best Actor in a Supporting Role ( James Mason ) , Best Director ( Sidney Lumet ) , Best Picture and Best Adapted Screenplay ( David Mamet ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c54ca935c220323e07501c78a76f6a80",
"text": "Marion Davies Marion Cecilia Davies ( née Douras January 3 , 1897 -- September 22 , 1961 ) was an American film actress , producer , screenwriter , and philanthropist . Davies was already building a solid reputation as a film comedian when newspaper tycoon William Randolph Hearst , with whom she had begun a romantic relationship , took over management of her career . Hearst financed Davies ' pictures , promoted her heavily through his newspapers and Hearst Newsreels , and pressured studios to cast her in historical dramas for which she was ill-suited . For this reason , Davies is better remembered today as Hearst 's mistress and the hostess of many lavish events for the Hollywood elite . In particular , her name is linked with the 1924 scandal aboard Hearst 's yacht when one of his guests , film producer Thomas Ince , died . In the film Citizen Kane ( 1941 ) , the title character 's second wife -- an untalented singer whom he tries to promote -- was widely assumed to be based on Davies . But many commentators , including Citizen Kane writer/director Orson Welles himself , have defended Davies ' record as a gifted actress , to whom Hearst 's patronage did more harm than good . She retired from the screen in 1937 , choosing to devote herself to Hearst and charitable work . In Hearst 's declining years , Davies provided financial as well as emotional support until his death in 1951 . She married for the first time eleven weeks after his death , a marriage which lasted until Davies died of stomach cancer in 1961 at the age of 64 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "44f7b49a3a9044aa5586cdfa3de12252",
"text": "Max Dugan Returns Max Dugan Returns is a 1983 American comedy-drama film starring Jason Robards as Max Dugan , Marsha Mason as his daughter Nora , Donald Sutherland , Kiefer Sutherland , and Matthew Broderick , the latter two actors each in their first film appearances . This would be the last Neil Simon film to be directed by Herbert Ross , as well as the last of his films starring Mason ( Simon 's wife at the time ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9930c6983646020d18c66d23353af4f9",
"text": "The Rains Came The Rains Came is a 1939 20th Century Fox film based on an American novel by Louis Bromfield ( published in June 1937 by Harper & Brothers ) . The film was directed by Clarence Brown and stars Tyrone Power , Myrna Loy , George Brent , Brenda Joyce , Nigel Bruce , and Maria Ouspenskaya . A remake of the film was released in 1955 under the name The Rains of Ranchipur .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "015e28c8c4dc39858fae3737288827d1",
"text": "Not as a Stranger Not as a Stranger is a 1955 Drama film produced and directed by Stanley Kramer based on the 1954 novel of the same name by Morton Thompson . The romantic melodrama novel was widely popular , topping that year 's list of bestselling novels in the United States . The film was Kramer 's directorial debut and featured Olivia de Havilland and Robert Mitchum in the lead roles , backed by a stellar supporting cast including Frank Sinatra , Gloria Grahame , Broderick Crawford , Charles Bickford , Lon Chaney , Jr. , Harry Morgan , and Lee Marvin . The film was released by United Artists . Sinatra had catapulted back into the limelight as the result of a supporting role for a film from a similarly popular novel , From Here to Eternity , two years earlier . Initially a minor box office success , Not as a Stranger is seldom seen today , never receiving widespread distribution on home video . It was first released on DVD in 1992 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "3ee84c8b50248e183659048a017318d5",
"text": "Edmond (film) Edmond is a 2005 American drama film directed by Stuart Gordon and starring William H. Macy , based on the 1982 play Edmond by David Mamet . Mamet also wrote the screenplay for the film . Edmond features Julia Stiles , Rebecca Pidgeon , Denise Richards , Mena Suvari , Joe Mantegna , Bai Ling , Jeffrey Combs , Dylan Walsh and George Wendt in supporting roles . It was screened at several film festivals from September 2005 to May 2006 , and had a limited release on July 14 , 2006 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "125744b839b50d1b8b65aabdcee3b822",
"text": "Denis Cannan Denis Cannan ( 14 May 1919 -- 25 September 2011 ) was a British dramatist , playwright and script writer . Born Denis Pullein-Thompson , the son of Captain Harold J. Pullein-Thompson and novelist Joanna Cannan , he changed his name by deed poll in 1964 . His younger sisters were Josephine , Diana and Christine Pullein-Thompson . Born in Oxford , he was educated at Eton College . After attending Eton he worked as an actor , before joining the Queen 's Royal Regiment of West Surrey when the Second World War broke out , rising to the rank of captain and being mentioned in dispatches . He was married to Joan Ross in 1946 ; the couple had two sons and a daughter . The marriage was dissolved , and he later remarried , to Rose Evansky in 1965 Denis Cannan became a successful playwright and screenwriter . Apart from the plays listed below , he has written several screenplays for television and radio , also adaptions for television series . With Christopher Fry he adapted The Beggar 's Opera for the 1953 film starring Laurence Olivier .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ff677cb525003758f8016b1b43af92e1",
"text": "Remake A remake is a film or television series that is based on an earlier work and tells the same , or a very similar , story .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ec915b9f8fed61ce370c379fcf078a9c",
"text": "Tomorrow Never Dies Tomorrow Never Dies ( 1997 ) is the eighteenth spy film in the James Bond series , and the second to star Pierce Brosnan as the fictional MI6 agent James Bond . Directed by Roger Spottiswoode , with the screenplay written by Bruce Feirstein , the film follows Bond as he attempts to stop Elliot Carver , a power-mad media mogul , from engineering world events to initiate World War III . The film was produced by Michael G. Wilson and Barbara Broccoli , and was the first James Bond film made after the death of producer Albert R. Broccoli , to whom the movie pays tribute in the end credits . Filming locations included France , Thailand , Germany , Mexico and the United Kingdom . Tomorrow Never Dies performed well at the box office and earned a Golden Globe nomination despite mixed reviews . While its performance at the domestic box office surpassed that of its predecessor , GoldenEye , it was the only Pierce Brosnan Bond film not to open at number one at the box office , as it opened the same day as Titanic , but instead at number two .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "f145c0bef4269adfc6f82963bafc79a4",
"text": "Mrs. Fitzherbert Mrs. Fitzherbert , also known as Princess Fitz and A Court Secret , is a rarely seen 1947 British historical drama film directed by Montgomery Tully and starring Peter Graves , Joyce Howard and Leslie Banks . It depicts the relationship between George IV and Maria Fitzherbert .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "173269840442fc737f817daa58bded9d",
"text": "A Dream of Kings (film) A Dream of Kings is a 1969 drama film directed by Daniel Mann , adapted from the novel of the same name by Harry Mark Petrakis . It stars Anthony Quinn and Irene Papas . It was nominated for an award at the 1970 Laurel Awards . It was also the final film for Inger Stevens , who committed suicide two months after the film 's release , and the first for Radames Pera , who played young Caine on the TV show Kung Fu .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5e6cba8e228614f1f0f52d5092924246",
"text": "On Trial (1939 film) On Trial is a 1939 drama film directed by Terry O. Morse and produced and distributed by Warner Bros. . It is based on the 1914 Broadway play by Elmer Rice . Warners had previously filmed Rice 's play in 1928 as an early talkie , also called On Trial , and , earlier , in 1917 , Essanay Studios had made a silent version with the same title .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6faf22ca8884c15626aed493bd75b004",
"text": "The Romance of Sleepy Hollow The Romance of Sleepy Hollow is a 1923 New Zealand film written and directed by Henry J. Makepeace , and produced and shot in Auckland . The film is now lost , with a poster the only surviving material . The poster says it is `` A Bright Sparkling Comedy-Drama in Four Reels ... . The first to be produced in New Zealand , '' and it was to open at `` The Grand '' theatre in central Auckland opposite the G.P.O. on 22 August 1924 . Sam Edwards says it may have been a melodrama set in Auckland , as the poster says `` Maoriland Pictures presents Francis X. Bouzaid of Onehunga and June Phillips of Dominion Road '' supported by four other local couples . It was shot on 35 mm , silent , and black & white . The film had been submitted to the censor in November 1923 , who required the removal of some 900 feet ( around 15 minutes ) . This reduced it from 5700 feet to 4800 feet or about 80 minutes . Nothing now remains of the film apart from the poster .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "243dad99da2f30c31888dc4f67bd94d2",
"text": "An Unfinished Affair An Unfinished Affair is a 1996 American television film directed by Rod Hardy . The film originally premiered on ABC and is now frequently aired on Lifetime .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "b454573028840571611976ae9df969a8",
"text": "The Great Moment (1944 film) The Great Moment is a 1944 biographical film written and directed by Preston Sturges . Based on the book Triumph Over Pain ( 1940 ) by René Fülöp-Miller , it tells the story of Dr. William Thomas Green Morton , a 19th-century Boston dentist who discovered the use of ether for general anesthesia . The film stars Joel McCrea and Betty Field , and features Harry Carey , William Demarest , Franklin Pangborn and Porter Hall . The movie was filmed in 1942 but not released for over two years , and the released version differed from what Preston Sturges had wished , although he publicly accepted the film as his own . Paramount Pictures disliked the film Sturges had made , and pulled it from his control , re-titled and re-edited it , in the process making it ( especially in the early segment ) more confusing for the audience to understand . The studio 's released version was marketed in a way that made it appear to be one of Sturges ' comedies . The film was not well received by the critics or the public , and marked the end of a sustained run of success for Sturges , who had already left Paramount by the time the film was released . Although rarely seen today , the film is worth viewing for its flashback structure -- comparable in some ways to Citizen Kane , which was influenced by the earlier film The Power and the Glory , for which Sturges wrote the screenplay -- and for its irreverent and subtly satirical tone , unusual for a time when most Hollywood biopics were over-inflated and sentimental . In 2003 a medical-dental historian in a lengthy analysis of the movie and its history -- which cited its flashback structure , timeless subject , injections of humor , and `` un-Pasteur-like '' treatment of its protagonist , while adhering reasonably well to the historical record -- concluded that `` The Great Moment may now be due for a general reevaluation by movie historians and critics who , like most folks , have never felt much affection for dentists past and present . ''",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
7c59906398b7b672731a7dfe30754910 | Turkey became an associate member of an organization. | [
{
"docid": "edb801c77eb0184cb486aac97909cfc9",
"text": "Turkey Turkey ( Türkiye Cumhuriyeti -LSB- ˈtyɾcije d͡ʒumˈhuɾijeti -RSB- ) , is a transcontinental country in Eurasia , mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia , with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe . Turkey is a democratic , secular , unitary , parliamentary republic with a diverse cultural heritage . Turkey is bordered by eight countries : Greece and Bulgaria to the northwest ; Georgia to the northeast ; Armenia , the Azerbaijani exclave of Nakhchivan and Iran to the east ; Iraq and Syria to the south . The country is encircled by seas on three sides : the Aegean Sea is to the west , the Black Sea to the north , and the Mediterranean Sea to the south . The Bosphorus , the Sea of Marmara , and the Dardanelles , which together form the Turkish Straits , divide Thrace and Anatolia ; they also separate Europe and Asia . Ankara is the capital while Istanbul is the country 's largest city and main cultural and commercial centre . Approximately 70-80 % of the country 's citizens identify themselves as ethnic Turks . Other ethnic groups include legally recognised ( Armenians , Greeks , Jews ) and unrecognised ( Kurds , Arabs , Circassians , Albanians , Bosniaks , Georgians , etc. ) minorities . Kurds are the largest ethnic minority group , making up approximately 20 % of the population . The area of Turkey has been inhabited since the Paleolithic by various ancient Anatolian civilisations , as well as Assyrians , Greeks , Thracians , Phrygians , Urartians and Armenians . After Alexander the Great 's conquest , the area was Hellenized , a process which continued under the Roman Empire and its transition into the Byzantine Empire . The Seljuk Turks began migrating into the area in the 11th century , starting the process of Turkification , which was accelerated by the Seljuk victory over the Byzantines at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 . The Seljuk Sultanate of Rûm ruled Anatolia until the Mongol invasion in 1243 , when it disintegrated into small Turkish beyliks . In the mid-14th century the Ottomans started uniting Anatolia and created an empire encompassing much of Southeast Europe , West Asia and North Africa , becoming a major power in Eurasia and Africa during the early modern period . The empire reached the peak of its power in the 16th century , especially during the reign ( 1520 -- 1566 ) of Suleiman the Magnificent . It remained powerful and influential for two more centuries , until important setbacks in the 17th and 18th century forced it to cede strategic territories in Europe , signalling the loss of its former military strength and wealth . After the 1913 Ottoman coup d'état which effectively put the country under the control of the Three Pashas the Ottoman Empire decided to join the Central Powers during World War I which were ultimately defeated by the Allied Powers . During the war , the Ottoman government committed genocides against its Armenian , Assyrian and Pontic Greek citizens . Following the war , the conglomeration of territories and peoples that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire was partitioned into several new states . The Turkish War of Independence ( 1919 -- 1922 ) , initiated by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk and his colleagues against the occupying Allies , resulted in the abolition of monarchy in 1922 and the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923 , with Atatürk as its first president . Atatürk enacted numerous reforms , many of which incorporated various aspects of Western thought , philosophy , and customs into the new form of Turkish government . Turkey is a charter member of the UN , an early member of NATO , and a founding member of the OECD , OSCE , OIC and G-20 . After becoming one of the first members of the Council of Europe in 1949 , Turkey became an associate member of the EEC in 1963 , joined the EU Customs Union in 1995 and started accession negotiations with the European Union in 2005 . Turkey 's growing economy and diplomatic initiatives have led to its recognition as a regional power while its location has given it geopolitical and strategic importance throughout history . Turkey 's current administration headed by president Tayyip Erdoğan has reversed many of the country 's earlier reforms which had been in place since the founding of the modern republic of Turkey , such as Freedom of the Press , a Legislative System of Checks and Balances , and a set of standards for secularism in government , as first enacted by Atatürk .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "564711a991c4a00e9846a5cdceae0d42",
"text": "European Economic Community The European Economic Community ( EEC ) was a regional organisation which aimed to bring about economic integration among its member states . It was created by the Treaty of Rome of 1957 . Upon the formation of the European Union ( EU ) in 1993 , the EEC was incorporated and renamed as the European Community ( EC ) . In 2009 the EC 's institutions were absorbed into the EU 's wider framework and the community ceased to exist . The Community 's initial aim was to bring about economic integration , including a common market and customs union , among its six founding members : Belgium , France , Italy , Luxembourg , the Netherlands and West Germany . It gained a common set of institutions along with the European Coal and Steel Community ( ECSC ) and the European Atomic Energy Community ( EURATOM ) as one of the European Communities under the 1965 Merger Treaty ( Treaty of Brussels ) . In 1993 , a complete single market was achieved , known as the internal market , which allowed for the free movement of goods , capital , services , and people within the EEC . In 1994 , the internal market was formalised by the EEA agreement . This agreement also extended the internal market to include most of the member states of the European Free Trade Association , forming the European Economic Area covering 15 countries . Upon the entry into force of the Maastricht Treaty in 1993 , the EEC was renamed the European Community to reflect that it covered a wider range than economic policy . This was also when the three European Communities , including the EC , were collectively made to constitute the first of the three pillars of the European Union , which the treaty also founded . The EC existed in this form until it was abolished by the 2009 Treaty of Lisbon , which incorporated the EC 's institutions into the EU 's wider framework and provided that the EU would `` replace and succeed the European Community '' . The EEC was also known as the Common Market in the English-speaking countries and sometimes referred to as the European Community even before it was officially renamed as such in 1993 .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "12ec4e074449621d4f65a01f6bbee479",
"text": "Order of the State of Republic of Turkey The Order of the State of Republic of Turkey ( Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Nişanı ) is the highest state order awarded to foreign nationals by the President of the Republic of Turkey . The Order of the State is conferred by the President , upon the decision of the Council of Ministers , to the Heads of State and presidents in recognition of their contributions for enhancing the amicable relations between their respective countries and Turkey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6214e4dc7a26d2396803be05706b191b",
"text": "Australia–Turkey relations Australia -- Turkey relations are foreign relations between the Commonwealth of Australia and the Republic of Turkey . Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established in 1967 . Australia has had an embassy in Ankara since 1968 , a consulate-general in Istanbul and a consulate in Çanakkale . Turkey has had an embassy in Canberra since 1967 and two consulates-general in Melbourne and Sydney . The first encounter of Turkey and Australia was on the battlefields of Çanakkale , the scene of a fierce but , at the same time , gentlemanly war . This has created a bond of mutual respect , admiration and friendship . The historical bond between the two countries constitutes a strong foundation to further strengthen and deepen their relations in every fields . The warm sentiments between Turkish and Australian nations were best voiced in the message of the Great Leader Mustafa Kemal Atatürk , which was sent to the Australian and New Zealander mothers in 1934 and is as follows : `` Those heroes that shed their blood and lost their lives ... you are now lying in the soil of a friendly country . Therefore rest in peace . There is no difference between the Johnnies and the Mehmets where they lie side by side here in this country of ours ... You the mothers who sent their sons from far away countries , wipe away your tears . Your sons are now lying in our bosom and are in peace . Having lost their lives on this land they have become our sons as well . '' The Çanakkale Battles are commemorated every year in Çanakkale on 24 -- 25 April with a wide participation from Australia . There are no contentious issues between Turkey and Australia . The Turkish community living in Australia constitutes a bridge of friendship between the two countries .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "697f55d991c58409ba3942cce0439208",
"text": "Marrakesh Agreement The Marrakesh Agreement , manifested by the Marrakesh Declaration , was an agreement signed in Marrakesh , Morocco , by 124 nations on 15 April 1994 , marking the culmination of the 12-year-long Uruguay Round and establishing the World Trade Organization , which officially came into being on January 1 , 1995 . The agreement developed out of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade ( GATT ) , supplemented by a number of other agreements on issues including trade in services , sanitary and phytosanitary measures , trade-related aspects of intellectual property and technical barriers to trade . It also established a new , more efficient and legally binding means of dispute resolution . The various agreements which make up the Marrakesh Agreement combine as an indivisible whole ; no entity can be party to any one agreement without being party to them all .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "9948f557dd3d16152c4511e083bdb48a",
"text": "India–Turkey relations India -- Turkey relations refer to foreign relations between India and Turkey . Since the establishment of diplomatic relations between India and Turkey in 1948 , political and bilateral relations have been usually characterised by warmth and cordiality . India and Turkey are both secular democracies , based on ethnic , religious and linguistic plurality . India has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate -- general in Istanbul . Turkey has an embassy in New Delhi and a consulate-general in Mumbai . As of 2015 , the bilateral trade between India & Turkey stood at US$ 6.26 billion & is heavily tilted in India 's favour .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e1ea23513ff6571435f88a0b7055d12b",
"text": "Turkey Travel Centre The Turkey Travel Center ( TTC ) is an Australian - Turkish partnership , with offices based in Istanbul , Turkey and Melbourne , Australia . The travel company operates a variety of private and group tours throughout Turkey and Greece . In 2013 and 2014 , their achievements included Certificate of Excellence winner from Trip Advisor . They are a full member of TURSAB ( Association of Turkish Travel Agents ) , registered under the membership name of Mysia Travel and number of 6192 . Their tours are also listed on the official website of the Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism . Their staff-training program features heavily on the intimate knowledge of Turkey , including the culture and traditions . Turkey Travel Center also operate a 24-hour , seven days a week telephone line to ensure their customers can access them at all times . The last two years have seen the Turkey Travel Center , launch themselves on social media platforms , such as Facebook , to accommodate easy communication with their clients .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6edde94cd7329bdf96a3ccfa6953dbf3",
"text": "Minister of Foreign Affairs (Turkey) The Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Turkey is the government minister who heads the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and is a member of the Cabinet of Turkey . The minister is responsible for overseeing the international relations of the government , though specific relations involving Turkey 's accession negotiations with the European Union are handled by the Ministry of European Union Affairs . The office was established in 1920 during the Turkish War of Independence , after which Bekir Sami Kunduh became the first Minister to hold the office . The incumbent officeholder is Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu , who took office on 24 November 2015 after Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoğlu formed his third government .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "a78e5c803e574f7b4bb11d21286dd9f4",
"text": "Croatia–United States relations Croatia -- United States relations refer to the bilateral relationship between Croatia and the United States . Diplomatic relations among two countries were established on April 7 , 1992 following Croatia 's independence from SFR Yugoslavia . Croatia has an embassy in Washington D.C. , general consulates in Chicago , Los Angeles , New York City , and consulates in Anchorage , Kansas City , Pittsburgh , Seattle and Houston . The US has an embassy in Zagreb . American engagement in Croatia is aimed at fostering a democratic , secure , and market-oriented society that will be a strong US partner in Euro-Atlantic institutions . Bilateral relations between the two countries are described as very strong . Croatian diaspora in the US is one of the largest in the world with an estimate of more than 1.2 million members . Most of the Croats live in Chicago ( ~ 150,000 ) , New York City , New Jersey and Connecticut ( ~ 80,000 ) , St. Louis ( ~ 40,000 ) , San Pedro ( ~ 35,000 ) , Detroit ( ~ 7,000 ) and San Jose ( ~ 5,000 ) . The National Federation of Croatian Americans is the main organization that brings together Croats in the US . Both countries are members of UN , NATO , Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council , Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe , International Monetary Fund , World Bank and World Trade Organization . In addition , Croatia is an observer to the Organization of American States .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "eac70cd96c5c7a67b912ebfb58a302f3",
"text": "Foreign relations of Moldova After achieving independence from the Soviet Union , the Republic of Moldova established relations with other European countries . A course for European Union integration and neutrality define the country 's foreign policy guidelines . In 1995 , the country became the first post-Soviet state admitted to the Council of Europe . In addition to its participation in NATO 's Partnership for Peace program , Moldova is a member state of the United Nations , the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe ( OSCE ) , the North Atlantic Cooperation Council , the World Trade Organization , the International Monetary Fund , the World Bank , the Francophonie and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development . In 2005 , Moldova and EU established an action plan that sought to improve the collaboration between the two neighboring structures . After the War of Transnistria , Moldova sought a peaceful resolution to the conflict in the Transnistria region by working with Romania , Ukraine , and Russia , calling for international mediation , and cooperating with the OSCE and UN fact-finding and observer missions .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "40f6156a2e0ff13f68857c3f307ab9c7",
"text": "Mustafa Aydın Aydin Mustafa is a Turkish Professor of International Relations . He is the Rector of Kadir Has University , Istanbul , and the President of the International Relations Council ( UIK ) of Turkey . He is also Co-Coordinator of the International Commission on the Black Sea . He was Head of the Department of International Relations at the TOBB University of Economics and Technology ; Director of International Policy Research Institute ( TEPAV-IPRI ) of Ankara ; member of the Economy and Foreign Policy Study Group of the President 's Office ; Board Member of the strategic research centers of both the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Turkish Armed Forces ; Deputy Chairperson of the International Commission of Eminent Persons on the Caucasus and Caspian ( 2007 ) ; Alexander S. Onassis Fellow at the University of Athens ( 2003 ) ; Research Fellow at the EU Institute for Security Studies , Paris ( 2003 ) ; Fulbright Scholar at the JFK School of Government , Harvard University ( 2002 ) ; and UNESCO Fellow at the Richardson Institute for Peace Studies , UK ( 1999 ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c17398ae997708bab5b5ac7b6abdb89e",
"text": "Règlement Organique (Mount Lebanon) The Règlement Organique ( `` Organic Regulation '' ) was a series of international conventions , between 1860 and 1864 , between the Ottoman Empire and the European Powers , which led to the creation of the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate . The 1860 Lebanon conflict led France to intervene and stop the massacre after Ottoman troops had been aiding Islamic forces by either direct support or by disarming Christian forces . France , led by Napoleon III , recalled its ancient role as protector of Christians in the Ottoman Empire which was established in a treaty in 1523 . Following the massacre and an international outcry , the Ottoman Empire agreed on 3 August 1860 to the dispatch of up to 12,000 European soldiers to reestablish order . The region of Syria was then part of the Ottoman Empire . The agreement was further formalized in a convention on 5 September 1860 with Austria , Great Britain , France , Prussia and Russia . France was to supply half of that number , and other countries were to send supplementary forces as needed . The agreement was signed in Paris on 5 September 1860 . An important consequence of the French expedition was the establishment of the autonomy of the Mount Lebanon Mutasarrifate from Syria , with the nomination by the Sultan of an Armenian Christian Governor from Constantinople named Daud Pasha on 9 June 1861 . On the same day , through a further agreement , termed the Beyoglu Protocol , signed between the Ottoman Empire and the European Powers in Beyoğlu , Istanbul , gave that agreement international recognition . The protocol was introduced initially for a period of three years . In September 1864 , a further convention was signed , which confirmed the permanent character of the statute and made minor changes to it . An additional Maronite district was formed and the council under the governor was reorganised ( it now had twelve members-four Maronites , three Druzes , three Greek Orthodoxes and Greek Uniates , one Sunnite and one Shi'a ) . The Règlement Organique of Lebanon remained in that form up till 1914 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "dce62ae2f580c4123857a5548d16adb5",
"text": "Sweden–Turkey relations Swedish -- Turkish relations are foreign relations between Sweden and Turkey . Sweden has an embassy in Ankara and a consulate -- general in Istanbul . Turkey has an embassy in Stockholm .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1bf7c447c20f32484f33c6c381c7d508",
"text": "Faculty of Political Science, Ankara University The Faculty of Political Science of the University of Ankara ( Ankara Üniversitesi Siyasal Bilgiler Fakültesi , more simply known as `` SBF '' ) is the oldest faculty of social science in Turkey , being the successor of the `` Mekteb-i Mülkiye '' ( also known as the `` Mülkiye '' ) which was established in Istanbul on February 12 , 1859 , under the reign of Sultan Abdulaziz , then moved to Ankara in 1936 under a new name , and was incorporated to Ankara University on April 3 , 1950 , under its current name . The Faculty of Political Science provides higher education in the fields of Political Science , Public Finance , Economics , Public Administration , Labor Economics , Business Administration and International Relations . It is considered to be one of the most influential institutes in the political life of Turkey .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "81e3ea31d017a658dbac90d47cb1d358",
"text": "Ukraine–European Union relations Relations between Ukraine and the European Union ( EU ) are currently shaped through the European Neighbourhood Policy ( ENP ) , a foreign policy instrument of the EU designed for the countries it borders . The EU is seeking an increasingly close relationship with Ukraine , going beyond co-operation , to gradual economic integration and deepening of political co-operation . Ukraine is a priority partner within the ENP . In 2012 , the EU initialled deals on free trade and political association with Ukraine ; however , EU leaders stated that these agreements would not be ratified unless Ukraine addresses concerns over a `` stark deterioration of democracy and the rule of law '' , including the imprisonment of Yulia Tymoshenko and Yuriy Lutsenko in 2011 and 2012 . Deadlines were set for Ukraine to carry out the required changes to its justice and electoral systems in order to enable the formal signing of their agreements with the EU in Vilnius on 29 November 2013 . But although the then Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych had urged the Ukrainian parliament to adopt laws so that Ukraine could meet the EU 's criteria , the Ukrainian government suspended preparations for signing the association agreement on 21 November 2013 . Yanukovych still attended the aforementioned EU summit in Vilnius on 28 -- 29 November 2013 where the association agreement was originally planned to be signed but it was not . The decision to put off signing the association agreement led to pro-EU Euromaidan movement . These led to the removal of Yanukovych and his government by parliament after the 2014 Ukrainian revolution in February 2014 . Since then , Ukraine has been striving towards integration into the European Union whilst the eastern part of the county has been engaged in pro-Russian unrest , opposing the Euromaidan movement . The political part of the Association Agreement was signed on 21 March 2014 by the new Prime Minister , Arseniy Yatsenyuk . Meanwhile , the EU has attempted to stabilize Ukraine by freezing assets of allegedly corrupt Russians and Ukrainians and by granting financial aid to Ukraine . The economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement was signed on 27 June 2014 by the new President , Petro Poroshenko , who described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership . Poroshenko also set 2020 as a target for an EU membership application . On January 1 , 2016 , Ukraine joined the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area with the EU .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0df949da80637945ad82e9148df2106c",
"text": "AgroEurasia The AgroEurasia International Agriculture Fair ( Avrasya Tarim ) is one of the largest agricultural exhibitions in Eurasia . Since 2006 , it has been held in December in the Tuyap Fair and Congress Center in Istanbul , Turkey . With an exhibition area of roughly 40000 m2 , an average of 350 company and company representatives participating and over 45,000 visitors from about 40 different countries , it is a meeting place for the Eurasian agricultural sector . In 2011 over 3,000 international visitors from 34 countries attended : Afghanistan , Albania , Azerbaijan , Belarus , Bosnia Herzegovina , Bulgaria , Canada , Croatia , Denmark , Finland , France , Georgia , Greece , Hungary , Iraq , Iran , Israel , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Kosovo , Libya , Macedonia , Moldova , Russia , Sudan , Saudi Arabia , Syria , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan , Ukraine , and Uzbekistan . The exhibition is organised by TÜYAP Fairs and Exhibitions Inc. in cooperation with the Turkish Ministry of Agriculture , the Union of Turkish Chambers of Agriculture , and the Turkish Association of Agricultural Machinery Manufacturers ( TARMAKBİR ) . The fair is supported by the İstanbul Directorate of Urban Agriculture , the Union of İstanbul Chambers of Agriculture and the Oilseeds & Agricultural Sales Cooperatives Union of Thrace .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d8b92f8ee6ca30baa4b724892785bf18",
"text": "UCLG MEWA United Cities and Local Governments Middle East and West Asia Section ( UCLG-MEWA ) is one of nine regional sections of United Cities and Local Governments , with headquarters in Istanbul . The International Union of Local Authorities , Section for the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East Region ( IULA-EMME ) was the predecessor of UCLG-MEWA . It was established in Turkey in 1987 as one of the regional sections of International Union of Local Authorities ( IULA ) . IULA-EMME changed into UCLG-MEWA in 2004 , in parallel with the creation and restructuring of the UCLG World Organization . Since its establishment , UCLG-MEWA continues its activities for cities and local governments from its Istanbul headquarters , serving its principles of democracy , human rights , local self-government , international solidarity , accountability and transparency , and sustainable development . Activities include : Participating in the governing organs and the working groups of the UCLG World Organization Supporting global programs and campaigns conducted or supported by the UCLG World Organization ( such as GOLD , Alliance of Civilizations , Millennium Development Goals and Climate Change ) Contributing to local government-related components of global meetings involving the active presence of the UCLG World Organization ( such as the World Water Forum and Alliance of Civilizations Forum ) Serving its members through activities including cooperation and collaboration , exchange of experience and ideas , training and capacity building programs , information and documentation , and project development Involving and partnering with its members and supporting the localization process of sustainable development with City Councils after Turkey Local Agenda 21 Program . Preparing publications and documents concerning local authorities , and supporting the preparation of such publications by its members .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "4b046c8a90c3db7d1267d4a1f65e5613",
"text": "Turkish Cultural Center Turkish Cultural Center ( TCC ) is dedicated to promoting Turkish Culture in the vein of the Gülen movement in the United States . Building , increasing and fostering a strong and lasting friendship by promoting a better understanding that is based on mutual respect between the individuals of the United States of America and those of Turkish background and/or origin . Introducing , promoting and informing the people in the United States with the Turkish history and culture by bringing people together in an open dialog . TCC is a non-profit organization which operates under the Council of Turkic American Associations ( CTAA ) umbrella organization .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2cdb2782c3a2948e1dfb3a8171025bc2",
"text": "Immigration to Turkey Since the 19th century , an exodus by the large portion of Turkish ( Turkic ) and Muslim peoples ( who are termed `` Muhacir '' under a general definition ) from the Balkans ( Balkan Turks , Albanians , Bosniaks , Pomaks ) , Caucasus ( Abkhazians , Ajarians , ` Circassians ' , Chechens ) , Crimea ( Crimean Tatar diaspora ) , Crete ( Cretan Turks ) , took refuge in present-day Turkey and moulded the country 's fundamental features . Trends of immigration towards Turkey continue to this day , although the motives are more varied and are usually in line with the patterns of global immigration movements -- Turkey , for example , receives many economic migrants from nearby countries such as Armenia , the Republic of Moldova , Georgia , Iran , and Azerbaijan , but also from Central Asia .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "7caff9fed2d80d3c894909f2aa09eea7",
"text": "Corruption in Turkey Corruption in Turkey is an issue affecting the accession of Turkey to the European Union . In 2014 , Turkey was ranked 64th of 175 countries on Transparency International 's Corruption Perceptions Index . The 1998 Türkbank scandal led to a no-confidence vote and the resignation of Prime Minister Mesut Yılmaz . Although Yılmaz was investigated by Parliament , a five-year statute of limitations prevented further action . On 17 December 2013 , the sons of three Turkish ministers and many prominent businesspeople were arrested and accused of corruption .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2bc4d02831ac85ec238b4ab9e44e6f83",
"text": "WELMEC WELMEC is a body set up to promote European cooperation in the field of legal metrology . WELMEC members are drawn from the national authorities responsible for legal metrology in European Union ( EU ) and European Free Trade Association ( EFTA ) member states . WELMEC state their mission as being `` to develop and maintain mutual acceptance among its members and to maintain effective cooperation to achieve a harmonised and consistent approach to the societies needs for legal metrology and for the benefit of all stakeholders including consumers and businesses . '' WELMEC was established in 1990 , at a meeting in Bern , Switzerland , and was originally the acronym for the `` Western European Legal Metrology Cooperation '' . WELMEC has 30 members and 7 associate members . Today , although the name is still WELMEC , as the European Union extended its membership outside Western Europe , so did WELMEC , the organisation 's membership encompassing EU member states , EFTA members and aspiring EU members : one of the aims of WELMEC being the provision of assistance to aspiring EU members in aligning their legal metrology process with those of the EU . As of 2013 , WELMEC 's principal activities cantered on the operation of the EU Nonautomatic Weighing Instruments Directive ( NAWI - EU directive 2009/23/EC ) and the implementation of the EU Measuring Instruments Directive ( MID - EU directive ( 2004/22/EC ) . The organisation 's working parties , which map onto various aspects of these two directives , are : WG 2 Directive Implementation ( 2009/23/EC ) WG 4 General Aspects of legal metrology WG 5 Metrological supervision WG 6 Prepackages WG 7 Software WG 8 Measuring Instruments Directive WG 10 Measuring equipment for liquids other than water WG 11 Utility meters",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "09e4eaa2700aee43f7d161b05583ef74",
"text": "Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement The Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement is a European Union Association Agreement between the European Union ( EU ) , Euratom , Ukraine and the EU 's 28 member states ( which are separate parties in addition to the EU and Euratom ) . It establishes a political and economic association between the parties . The agreement has not entered into force , but parts are applied provisionally . The parties committed to co-operate and converge economic policy , legislation , and regulation across a broad range of areas , including equal rights for workers , steps towards visa-free movement of people , the exchange of information and staff in the area of justice , the modernisation of Ukraine 's energy infrastructure , and access to the European Investment Bank . The parties committed to regular summit meetings , and meetings among ministers , other officials , and experts . The agreement furthermore establishes a Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area between the parties . The agreement commits Ukraine to economic , judicial , and financial reforms to converge its policies and legislation to those of the European Union . Ukraine commits to gradually conform to EU technical and consumer standards . The EU agrees to provide Ukraine with political and financial support , access to research and knowledge , and preferential access to EU markets . The agreement commits both parties to promote a gradual convergence toward the EU 's Common Security and Defence Policy and European Defence Agency policies . The agreement comes after more than two decades in which both parties sought to establish closer ties with each other . On the one hand , the European Union wants to ensure that its imports of grain and natural gas from Ukraine , as well as its exports of goods to Ukraine , are not threatened by instability in the region , believing that instability could eventually be reduced through sociopolitical and economic reforms in Ukraine . Ukraine , on the other hand , wants to increase its exports by benefiting from free trade with the European Union while attracting desirable external investments , as well as establishing closer ties with a sociopolitical entity to which many Ukrainians feel strong cultural connection . Western Ukraine is found to be generally more enthusiastic about EU membership than Eastern Ukraine . The political provisions of the treaty were signed on 21 March 2014 after a series of events that had stalled its ratification culminated in a revolution in Ukraine and overthrow of the then incumbent President of Ukraine , Viktor Yanukovych . This ousting was sparked by Yanukovych 's refusal to sign the agreement . Russia , Ukraine 's second largest trading partner , instead presented an association with the existing Customs Union of Russia , Belarus , and Kazakhstan as an alternative . After 21 March 2014 matters relating to trade integration were temporarily set aside ( awaiting the results of the 25 May 2014 Ukrainian presidential elections ) until the European Union and the new Ukrainian President Petro Poroshenko signed the economic part of the Ukraine -- European Union Association Agreement on 27 June 2014 , and described this as Ukraine 's `` first but most decisive step '' towards EU membership . As of January 2016 the Agreement has been applied provisionally ( Titles III , V , VI and VII , and the related Annexes and Protocols have been provisionally applied since 1 November 2014 , while Title IV has been applied from 1 January 2016 ) . , as far as the provisions concern EU competences . Provisions shall formally come into force upon ratification of the Agreement by all signatories .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
5d489910d0cdc8814ba7c275e7555ae6 | Richard Branson founded Virgin Records in 1974. | [
{
"docid": "198ba91144b8f4a6bc52526304c63ed8",
"text": "Richard Branson Sir Richard Charles Nicholas Branson ( born 18 July 1950 ) is an English business magnate , investor and philanthropist . He founded the Virgin Group , which controls more than 400 companies . Branson expressed his desire to become an entrepreneur at a young age . At the age of sixteen his first business venture was a magazine called Student . In 1970 , he set up a mail-order record business . In 1972 , he opened a chain of record stores , Virgin Records , later known as Virgin Megastores . Branson 's Virgin brand grew rapidly during the 1980s , as he set up Virgin Atlantic airline and expanded the Virgin Records music label . In March 2000 , Branson was knighted at Buckingham Palace for `` services to entrepreneurship '' . For his work in retail , music and transport ( with interests in land , air , sea and space travel ) , his taste for adventure , and for his humanitarian work , he became one of the most prominent figures in British culture . In 2002 he was named in the BBC 's poll of the 100 Greatest Britons . In January 2016 , Forbes listed Branson 's estimated net worth at $ 5.2 billion .",
"title": ""
}
]
| [
{
"docid": "1f85ab7f3d2a4a0a23fbd14331fb5cdd",
"text": "The Quarto Group The Quarto Group is a global illustrated book publishing group founded in 1976 . It is domiciled in the US and listed on the London Stock Exchange . Their mission is to `` make and sell books that entertain , educate and enrich the lives of adults and children around the world . '' Quarto creates and owns proprietary content , publishing books from a diverse portfolio of imprints that are `` creatively independent '' and develops long-lasting content across specific niches of interest . Quarto sells books across 50 countries and in 39 languages through a variety of traditional and non-traditional channels . Quarto employs over 400 people in 11 offices in London , Brighton , Bristol , New York City , Minneapolis , Boston , Seattle , California , Hong Kong and Sydney . The group was established by co-founders Laurence Orbach and Robert Morley and was listed on the London Stock Exchange in 1986 . Laurence Orbach was Chairman and CEO until November 2012 , when he was replaced as Chairman by Tim Chadwick and Marcus Leaver as CEO .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "5bd8c6a41af1649bf715cfe01ec1c574",
"text": "Chrysalis Records Chrysalis Records -LSB- ˈkrɪ.sə.lɪs -RSB- is a British record label that was created in 1969 . The name was both a reference to the pupal stage of a butterfly and a combination of its founders ' names , Chris Wright and Terry Ellis . It started as the Ellis-Wright Agency .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "1338c566a5d90c985b4b128c34a6cde1",
"text": "Virgin Unite Virgin Unite is the working name of The Virgin Foundation , the independent charitable arm of the Virgin Group . Created by Richard Branson and Virgin employees in September 2004 , Virgin Unite pools volunteering efforts from across the Virgin Group and its hundreds of subsidiaries and associated companies to grow the efforts of smaller grassroots charitable organizations . Partnered with more than a dozen charities worldwide the company also provides a resource through the Internet by serving as an online donation centre for those wanting to contribute . The primary aims of the foundation are to make sustainable change through economic development towards tough social and environmental issues . These include addressing the issue of delivering healthcare to rural parts of Africa . Branson and Virgin underwrite all the operating costs of the organization , so 100 % of contributions can be applied towards causes .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "657e17c4b2a784830933a3db4a7ee764",
"text": "Meridian Audio Meridian Audio is an English manufacturer of high-performance , high-fidelity audio and video components and systems founded in 1977 by Bob Stuart and Allen Boothroyd .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "e8356e3861a19c865837c9ac6c5a0fc7",
"text": "785 Records 785 Records is a record label located in New York , United States , founded in 2005 by songwriter Denise Rich . The label 's first release was the charity single Come Together Now , written by Rich , Sharon Stone , Mark Feist and Damon Sharpe from which the proceeds went to benefit the victims of Hurricane Katrina . Marc Eichner , a senior executive at RCA/BMG , joined the label as president in August 2006 . The label built a $ 1 million recording studio in Rich 's Fifth Avenue penthouse in Manhattan overlooking Central Park in 2007 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "65caeb0a52abf0286522af06bb21d703",
"text": "Angel Records Angel Records was a record label founded by EMI in 1953 . It specialised in classical music , but included an occasional operetta or Broadway score . The Angel mark was used by EMI , its predecessors , and affiliated companies since 1898 . EMI 's classical-music operations were sold to Warner Music Group in 2013 . The label is currently inactive since 2006 , dissolving and reassigning Angel Records ' artists and catalogues into its parent label EMI Classics and musical theatre artists and catalogues into Capitol Records . EMI Classics was sold and absorbed into Warner Classics .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "208267ee4dcaaed76e204b0db49c2799",
"text": "Robert Page (Lifetime Group) Robert Page MA is best known for having created The Lovers ' Guide in 1991 , when the British Board of Film Classification allowed him to make an explicit adult sex education title for release on video . It immediately went to Number One in the UK video charts and went into 13 languages and 22 territories . He has since supervised The Lovers ' Guide '' 's growth into a library of ten videos and DVDs ( distributed by such blue-chip companies as Universal , ITV Video , VCI , and Warners and shown on pay-per-view on Sky Box Office ) ; three books ( Pan Macmillan , Bloomsbury and Carlton Publishing ) ; two CD ROMs ( Waddington 's , YTV/Thomson Int ` l ) ; 85 issues of a part-work/magazine ( Marshall Cavendish ) ; games including Fun-in-Bed ( Double-G ) ; card packs -- The Lovers ' Guide Lovemaking Deck ( Connections Publishing ) ; a major website at www.loversguide.com ; and various mobile applications including Text Tips 4 Lovers , a daily sex tip service for Channel 4 . The Lovers ' Guide has also featured in two dedicated documentaries : The Making of the Lovers ' Guide on Channel 5 and Daring Himself on Sky One and there are iTV games and quizzes produced by PlayJam and Two Way TV . The Lovers ' Guide reached number 63 in Channel 4 's 100 Sexiest Movie Moments and earned Robert Page a place on the 100 strong Happy List in the Independent on Sunday -LSB- 27.04.08 -RSB- . As founder -LSB- 1985 -RSB- , Chairman and Chief Executive of the Lifetime Group , Page helped create with the Virgin Group the non-fiction sell-through video business , producing many how-to videos with such names as Alan Titchmarsh , Eric Idle , Susannah York , Johnny Morris , and Dr Desmond Morris . Some of the successes included : The Y Plan exercise series and The Scott and Charlene Love Story ( compiled from Neighbours ) . He has also produced many TV series including the drama series Runaway Bay ( 27 eps ITV & FR2 ) , documentaries including three series of Floyd on ... ( for BBC ) , with Keith Floyd , Floyd on Spain , Floyd on Italy and Far Flung Floyd ; two series of Go Wild ! ( for ITV ) , two series of Dating the Enemy ( for ITV ) , Dr Desmond Morris ' The Animal Contract ( 3 × 1hr -- winner Hollywood Genesis Award ) and Dead Men 's Tales ( ITV ) . He produced the John Cleland classic , Fanny Hill , as a TV movie and is currently producing Anna as a feature film with L.A.-based Fairweather Entertainment . Robert began his career as a University Lecturer in Drama and Theatre Arts in Australia in 1974 and founded its first national magazine of the performing arts Theatre Australia which ran to 80 issues over 7 years and went to many countries around the world . From there he produced many arts documentaries for the Australian National Broadcasting Corporation and was given his own 90 mins per week arts series , Sunday Spectrum . His last broadcast was the Opening of the Australian National Gallery by Her Majesty the Queen '' on live television before returning to England in 1983 and founding the Lifetime Group .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d2266194f154a3b0798c51e2378587f6",
"text": "Record club A record club was a mail-order retail club for selling records promoted by the major record labels during the 1950s onwards . Major clubs included EMI Records club founded in 1965 Columbia House ( redirect from Columbia Record Club ) established in 1955 . It had a significant market presence in the 1980s Capitol Record Club , Capitol Records Britannia Music Club , Polygram World Record Club Ltd. company in the United Kingdom which issued long-playing records and reel-to-reel tapes , mainly classical Customers usually joined record clubs by agreeing to buy a certain number of records , but a significant number of members would not pay for records they ordered . Record companies saw lower royalties from sales through record clubs than from sales through stores and other means . Also , the clubs could give away up to one free record for every record sold -- resulting in about half as much revenue for record companies as they might get through other kinds of distributors .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c34375ed749bac269b53d09b10da4137",
"text": "Sterile Records The Sterile Records record label was formed in London in 1979 by Nigel Ayers and Caroline K of the post-industrial music group Nocturnal Emissions . With a background in the mail art networks , their intention was to create and promote a new form of music . Sterile Records ' approach was a combination of the experiments of musique concrète and Fluxus combined with the critical eye of conceptual art and the spontaneity and energy of punk rock . The dark humour of industrial music and the incomprehensible nonsense of various ultra-leftist political fractions were an essential part of the mix . Sterile Records used both commercial and non-commercial media to deliver anti-capitalist messages , multi-coloured noise and information overload . Growing from cassette culture , output included records and videotapes . Caroline K left the label in 1983 . The October 2011 edition of Record Collector magazine published an article about the significance of cassette culture in the UK and listing 21 rare but sought after cassette releases , including `` Standard Response '' . In 1986 the label was effectively dissolved as Ayers turned his attention to setting up the Earthly Delights company .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "d63f4e802dfd69de9b39107029bd7fd1",
"text": "New Order discography The discography of New Order , an English rock band , consists of ten studio albums , twelve compilation albums , three live albums , five extended plays ( EPs ) , thirty-eight singles , twelve video releases , thirty-three music videos and a number of soundtrack appearances . New Order were formed in 1980 by singer and guitarist Bernard Sumner , bassist Peter Hook and drummer Stephen Morris . The group began life as a continuation of their former incarnation Joy Division . Joy Division had disbanded after the death of the lead singer Ian Curtis . Gillian Gilbert , who was Morris ' girlfriend at the time , soon joined the group and played guitar and keyboards . Remarkably , New Order 's first eight singles released between 1981 and 1984 were not taken from any album . In most cases they were not even released as a 7-inch , but exclusively available in the radio-unfriendly 12-inch format , an unusual approach for a pop-act in the eighties . Despite the high anticipation that surrounded the group , their debut single `` Ceremony '' only peaked at number 34 on the UK Singles Chart . The group 's following two singles and their debut album met with similar moderate success . It would not be until the release of their fourth single , `` Blue Monday '' , that New Order would break into the top ten , with the song peaking at number 9 . `` Blue Monday '' became a defining single for the group and caused a sensation , becoming the biggest selling 12-inch single of all time . New Order , like many other post-punk groups of the period , increasingly utilised keyboards , drum machine and sequencers in their music . As a result they became associated with the synthpop and electronic dance movements of the 1980s . Beginning with Power , Corruption & Lies from 1983 , all of the group 's studio albums reached the top ten in the United Kingdom . The group experienced a lull in popularity in the years 1985 and 1986 but the surprise international popularity of the `` Bizarre Love Triangle '' single re-launched the group across the world . The group cemented their success in 1987 with the single , `` True Faith '' , and the compilation album Substance . New Order were at the peak of their popularity in the years 1987 to 1993 , with a run of popular singles , including `` Blue Monday 1988 '' , `` Fine Time '' , `` Regret '' , `` World ( The Price of Love ) '' and in 1990 they scored their only number 1 single in the UK with the official England national football team song , `` World in Motion '' . The two albums released during these years , Technique and Republic ; each charted at number 1 in the UK . It was during this successful period that the group 's internal dynamic began to falter . Sumner was not fond of touring , and wanted to take time off from the group and produce a solo album . He formed Electronic with Johnny Marr and the pair released their first single in 1989 . Hook formed his own band , Revenge , in 1989 , while Morris and Gilbert worked together as The Other Two , primarily scoring soundtracks . Of the three side projects , Sumner 's was by far the most successful . The recording and touring of 1993 's Republic , their first for London Records , was difficult and intra-band tensions were rife . The group went on hiatus until 1998 . In the meantime two compilation albums , The Best of New Order and The Rest of New Order , and several singles were released . The group reconvened in 1998 for the Reading Festival but did not release new material until 2000 . The group released the album Get Ready in 2001 . It was met with critical warmth , but it was apparent that the group 's popularity had lessened . The lead single from the album , `` Crystal '' , reached the top ten in the UK . The film 24 Hour Party People , a humorous chronicle of their label Factory Records , was released in 2002 . New Order contributed a new song , `` Here to Stay '' , and a re-recording of the Joy Division song `` New Dawn Fades '' with Moby , for the film 's soundtrack . The compilation International and four-disc boxset Retro were released in winter 2002 . New Order followed Get Ready with Waiting for the Sirens ' Call in 2005 . During this period Gilbert stepped down from live performances due to family commitments . Phil Cunningham stepped into her role and in 2005 became an official member of the group . The group had intended to release a ninth album soon after Waiting for the Sirens ' Call , the majority of which had already been recorded . The lack of enthusiasm inside the group and relative failure of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call stalled their career momentum . In 2007 , Hook decided to leave the group , and stated that he and Sumner had no further plans to work together . Sumner formed Bad Lieutenant with Cunningham , and Hook formed Freebass . Morris continued to work with Sumner and Cunningham . In 2008 , New Order released remastered and expanded editions of their first five albums with the intention of releasing the further three albums in a similar format in future . In December 2012 it was announced that Lost Sirens would be released in the United Kingdom on 14 January 2013 . Lost Sirens is an eight-track album of tracks left out of Waiting for the Sirens ' Call . On 22 June 2015 , the band announced they are to release a new album , Music Complete , on 25 September 2015 . The album will be the first without Peter Hook , and was produced mostly by the band themselves , except `` Singularity '' and `` Unlearn This Hatred '' , both produced by Tom Rowlands , while `` Superheated '' features additional production by Stuart Price . In the US , the band has sold a certified 2 million albums , and in the UK a certified 960,000 albums .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "2a38390324534fe65f516f4dd1f3fcf4",
"text": "Wonderworld (album) Wonderworld is the seventh album by British rock band Uriah Heep , released in 1974 by Bronze Records in the UK and Warner Bros. . Records in the US . The original vinyl release was a single sleeve , with the lyrics reproduced on the inner liner . The album was the last to feature bass player Gary Thain .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ca915d1271c24b336e29e8e02f22e7ec",
"text": "Rhinos, Winos and Lunatics Rhinos , Winos and Lunatics ( stylized on the cover as man : rhinos , winos + lunatics ) is the ninth album by the Welsh psychedelic/progressive rock band Man and was released May 1974 on the United Artists Records label . It was produced by Roy Thomas Baker , noted for his work with Queen , and spent 4 weeks in the UK album chart , peaking at No 24 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "c940ed627eb56eae2a36ead98ad30fa6",
"text": "Rajon Music Group The Rajon Music Group was formed in July 2000 by John Evans after the merger of 3 leading independent record labels ( Rajon Entertainment , Redx Entertainment and Startel Entertainment ) . Consequently , the group became one of the largest independent record labels in Australia . Rajon 's core business was TV compilations ; budget , mid price and catalogue marketing and concepts ; single artist development , third party licensing ; synchronisations for TV and film , and premium CD 's . The company has also expanded into the DVD/Video market with the launch of Rajon Vision in December 2001 . Rajon owned and controlled a very successful catalogue of artists , which has earned many awards including 32 gold records , 6 platinum records and 42 major industry awards . Rajon Music Group was distributed by Sony Music in Australia who supplies product to major music and DVD retailers such Sanity , HMV , Blockbuster , K-Mart , Target , Myer/Grace , Leading Edge . The company has recently expanded the operation into New Zealand , Asia and the UK . Distribution is handled by Sony Music in Asia and Zomba/BMG in New Zealand . Rajon was a member of ARIA ( Australian Record Industry Association ) and AMCOS ( Australasian Mechanical Copyrights Owners Society ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "01ae82a248a456198b672a2cc7e65876",
"text": "Virgin Films Virgin Films was a film production company of the early 1980s best known for making 1984 ( 1984 ) . It was part of the Virgin Group and was headed by Al Clark . Nik Powell worked for the company before going over to Palace Films .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "6b78031ec81929238734935918c59f2c",
"text": "Fourth Dimension (Radiophonic album) Fourth Dimension is a 1973 BBC Records release featuring recordings created by the BBC Radiophonic Workshop composer Paddy Kingsland . Although it was credited to `` The BBC Radiophonic Workshop '' it was the work of Kingsland alone , and was the first album of Workshop music to feature only one artist . It features theme tunes used by BBC radio and television . The music prominently features VCS 3 and `` Delaware '' Synthi 100 synthesisers , both from Electronic Music Studios ( London ) Ltd , with a standard rock-based session band providing backing . The track `` Reg '' featured as the B-side to the 1973 single release of the Doctor Who theme .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "471988de30007725fde9ab307a52eab4",
"text": "Culture of the United Kingdom The culture of the United Kingdom is influenced by the UK 's history as a developed island country , a liberal democracy and a major power ; its predominantly Christian religious life ; and its composition of four countries -- England , Wales , Scotland and Northern Ireland -- each of which has distinct customs , cultures and symbolism . The wider culture of Europe has also influenced British culture , and Humanism , Protestantism and representative democracy developed from broader Western culture . British literature , music , cinema , art , theatre , comedy , media , television , philosophy , architecture and education are important aspects of British culture . The United Kingdom is also prominent in science and technology , producing world-leading scientists ( e.g. Isaac Newton and Charles Darwin ) and inventions . Sport is an important part of British culture ; numerous sports originated in the country , including football . The UK has been described as a `` cultural superpower '' , and London has been described as a world cultural capital . The Industrial Revolution , which started in the UK , had a profound effect on the socio-economic and cultural conditions of the world . As a result of the British Empire , significant British influence can be observed in the language , law , culture and institutions of a geographically wide assortment of countries , including Australia , Canada , India , the Republic of Ireland , New Zealand , Nigeria , Pakistan , South Africa , the United States and English speaking Caribbean nations . These states are sometimes collectively known as the Anglosphere , and are among Britain 's closest allies . In turn the empire also influenced British culture , particularly British cuisine . The cultures of England , Scotland , Wales and Northern Ireland are diverse and have varying degrees of overlap and distinctiveness .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "ae642c3c08d545b3b32dfe7903796128",
"text": "Dennis Publishing Dennis Publishing Ltd. is an independent publisher founded in 1974 .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "077e0b9ca4621e918ab58acb35966509",
"text": "Birmingham Sound Reproducers Birmingham Sound Reproducers was a British manufacturer of record player turntables . Daniel McLean McDonald founded Birmingham Sound Reproducers as a private company in 1932 in the West Midlands of England , UK . By 1947 , the company chiefly manufactured communications sets ( intercoms ) , laboratory test equipment , and sound recording and reproducing instruments , including phonographs . In the early 1950s , Samuel Margolin began buying auto-changing turntables from BSR , using them as the basis of his Dansette record player . Over the next twenty years , Margolin manufactured more than a million of these players , and `` Dansette '' became a household word in Britain . In 1957 , BSR , also known by the name BSR McDonald , became a public company and , by 1961 , had grown to employ 2,600 workers . In addition to manufacturing their own brand of player -- the Monarch Automatic Record Changer that could select and play 7 '' , 10 '' and 12 '' records at 33 , 45 or 78 rpm , changing automatically between the various settings of disc sizes only , speeds were changed Manually -- BSR McDonald supplied turntables and autochangers to most of the world 's record player manufacturers , eventually gaining 87 % of the market . By 1977 , BSR 's various factories produced over 250,000 units a week . Changing times and technology hit BSR hard in the early 1980s . Although BSR McDonald produced tape recording decks in addition to their widely used turntables and changers , consumers had begun to expect portability from their music players , and BSR were not prepared to compete with eight-track and cassette tape players or later , the groundbreaking Walkman from Japan . In the first five years of the 1980s , once-mighty BSR closed factories and made thousands of workers redundant . During the 1980s BSR manufactured the Rotronics Wafadrive for the ZX Spectrum range of computers . After producing their last turntable in 1985 , BSR McDonald closed all divisions except for Astec Power Supply , as well as keeping investments in various entities , including dbx , X10 , BSR Housewares ( the latter sold to the French small electrical appliances and kitchen equipment manufacturer Moulinex ) . BSR then moved its head office to Hong Kong , as Astec ( BSR ) plc , and continued in Hong Kong until 1998 , when Astec ( BSR ) plc was 100 % acquired by Emerson Electric Company ( NYSE : EMR ) .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "0258d22431466856d05edbc526f6a038",
"text": "Richard Anthony Hewson Richard Anthony Hewson ( born 17 November 1943 , Stockton-on-Tees , Teesside ) is an English producer , arranger , conductor and multi-instrumentalist , who created the studio group The RAH Band .",
"title": ""
},
{
"docid": "60188320c917f4a88ab98618ddd37a0b",
"text": "The7stars the7stars is a British media agency . The organization develops promotional content and television advertising , along with social media marketing for clients , who have included music labels Cooking Vinyl , EMI Records , and Atlantic Records . In 2008 , Marketing magazine listed the agency as # 34 in the Top 50 Media Agencies in the world , rising from # 53 in 2007 . In 2015 , Campaign Magazine ranked the7stars the 12th biggest media agency in Britain .",
"title": ""
}
]
| fever |
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