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1_1_1yoylnsn
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'regulation of tolerance induction to nonself antigen'?
|
A. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response.
B. Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction dependent upon immune response.
C. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to nonself antigen.
D. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of tolerance induction to nonself antigen.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
regulation of tolerance induction to nonself antigen
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002655
|
1_1_sa4ntnhe
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Anterior hairline'?
|
A. Bona fide anatomical line delineating hair from forehead part of face.
B. Bona fide anatomical line, each instance of which is the boundary between some gingiva and some tooth.
C. Bona fide anatomical line delineating hair from face.
D. Anatomical line which corresponds to the intersection of two bona fide anatomical surfaces.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Anterior hairline
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma285414
|
1_1_rpdgbicf
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'process aggregate'?
|
A. An occurrent consisting exactly of a plurality of processes that are process_aggregate_member_parts_of that occurrent for all times at which it exists.
B. A fiat part of a complex phenomenon that has salience in a particular context.
C. An occurrent [span:Occurrent] that exists in time by occurring or happening, has temporal parts and always involves and depends on some entity.
D. A process aggregate whose member parts are of the same type.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
process aggregate
|
http://humanbehaviourchange.org/ontology/BCIO_036107
|
1_1_oacfp0fa
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'environmental zone'?
|
A. A zone within a portion of petroleum contaminated sediment within which iron-reducing processes occur.
B. An environmental zone in which the rates of two or more processes are roughly equal to one another.
C. A fiat object part which contains entities of high spiritual or cultural significance to one or more human groups.
D. A site which has its extent determined by the presence or influence of one or more components of an environmental system or the processes occurring therein.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
environmental zone
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000408
|
1_1_w5pus7e3
|
In the ontology of European Legislation Identifier, which of the following definitions best describes 'Legal Resource Subdivision'?
|
A. A work in a legislative corpus. This applies to acts that have been legally enacted (whether or not they are still in force). For example, the abstract concept of the legal resource; e.g. "act 3 of 2005" (adapted from Akoma Ntoso) A legal resource can represent a legal act or any component of a legal act, like an article. Legal resources can be linked together using properties defined in the model. Note that ELI ontology accommodates different point of view on what should be considered a new legal resource, or a new legal expression of the same resource. Typically, a consolidated version can be viewed, in the context of ELI, either as separate legal resource (linked to original version and previous consolidated version using corresponding ELI relations), or as a different legal expression of the same legal resource.
B. A component of a legal act, at an arbitrary level of precision, like a chapter, an article, an alinea, a paragraph or an list item. A subdivision can be linked with its parent and children subdivision using the properties eli:has_part / eli:is_part_of.
C. A component of a work, at an arbitrary level of precision. A subdivision can be linked with its parent and children subdivision using eli:has_part / eli:is_part_of.
D. The physical embodiment of an Expression, either on paper or in any electronic format. The substance of Manifestation is not only signs, but also the manner in which they are presented to be consumed by users, including the kind of media adopted.
|
B
|
1_1
|
legal/european_legislation_identifier
|
Legal Resource Subdivision
|
http://data.europa.eu/eli/ontology#LegalResourceSubdivision
|
1_1_s0vaew2w
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'geenumu gesallagee'?
|
A. A Chugach person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned female at birth.
B. A Cree person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned male at birth.
C. A Lassik person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned male at birth.
D. A Mi'kmaq person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned male at birth.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
geenumu gesallagee
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_002058
|
1_1_2ww2pf44
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'stam'?
|
A. Finds associations between DNA copy number and gene expression.
B. The stam package performs a biologically structured classification of microarray profiles according to clinical phenotypes. GO terms are used to link classification results to biological aspects.
C. This packages provides a targeted pre-processing method for GC-MS data.
D. Genomic data analyses requires integrated visualization of known genomic information and new experimental data. GenomeGraphs uses the biomaRt package to perform live annotation queries to Ensembl and translates this to e.g. gene/transcript structures in viewports of the grid graphics package. This results in genomic information plotted together with your data. Another strength of GenomeGraphs is to plot different data types such as array CGH, gene expression, sequencing and other data, together in one plot using the same genome coordinate system.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
stam
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_0000712
|
1_1_pp9tgcwp
|
In the ontology of Uber-anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'rugal fold of scrotum'?
|
A. A folded ridge of skin that is part of a scrotum superficial to the dartos muscle.
B. A sac containing the developing tooth and its odontogenic organ. The dental follicle (DF) differentiates into the periodontal ligament. In addition, it may be the precursor of other cells of the periodontium, including osteoblasts, cementoblasts and fibroblasts. They develop into the alveolar bone, the cementum with Sharpey's fibers and the periodontal ligament fibers respectively.
C. The region at each side of the face comprising the temple and the cheek.
D. A zone of skin that is part of a scrotum.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/uber-anatomy_ontology
|
rugal fold of scrotum
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0018134
|
1_1_iufryegd
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'iodooxometallate anion'?
|
A. An anionic coordination entity where bromido and oxido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.
B. An anionic coordination entity where iodido and oxido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.
C. An anionic coordination entity where halido and oxido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.
D. An anionic coordination entity where chlorido and oxido ligands are coordinated to a metal centre.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
iodooxometallate anion
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51543
|
1_1_acl4ji6g
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'penis torture'?
|
A. A term encompassing the polytheistic religions of the Semitic peoples from the ancient Near East and Northeast Africa.
B. A sexual activity involving application of pain or constriction to the penis.
C. A sexual activity involving application of pain or constriction to the penis and/or testicles.
D. The inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means. It is usually not the natural state of a healthy adult, except notably among certain eusocial species (mostly haplodiploid insects).
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
penis torture
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_008693
|
1_1_1e0uss5d
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'sandy clay'?
|
A. Clay which has a high proportion of sand in its composition.
B. Particulate environmental material which 1) is composed primarily of clay particles, with only minor proportions of other materials, 2) demonstrates plasticity when wet, and 3) is capable of hardening when dried or fired.
C. Clay which is part of an abyssal plain.
D. Clay which has a high proportion of silt in its composition.
|
A
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
sandy clay
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_06105279
|
1_1_ls4s4c2y
|
In the ontology of Emotion, which of the following definitions best describes 'behavioral defense response to insect'?
|
A. A behavioral response seeking to protect an organism from an a perceived external threat from an insect or insects to that organism.
B. An acute behavioral change resulting from a perceived external threat.
C. Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group.
D. Behavior having interpersonal processes as parts, each involving the same instances of human being.
|
A
|
1_1
|
human_society/emotion_ontology
|
behavioral defense response to insect
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002211
|
1_1_vf29ydny
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'man who has sex with women'?
|
A. Male persons who engage in sexual activity with women, regardless of how they identify themselves.
B. Male persons who engage in sexual activity with men and women, regardless of how they identify themselves.
C. Male persons who engage in sexual activity with members of the same sex, regardless of how they identify themselves.
D. A person whose identity is male, based on societal and cultural conceptualizations of being male, usually (but not always) reflected by specific anatomical variations, chromosome combinations, and/or sex hormones.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
man who has sex with women
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001179
|
1_1_fzrql6l0
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'dorsolateral prefrontal cortex'?
|
A. The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC or DLPFC), according to a more restricted definition, is roughly equivalent to Brodmann areas 9 and 46.[1] According to a broader definition DL-PFC consists of the lateral portions of Brodmann areas 9 - 12, of areas 45, 46, and the superior part of area 47.[2] These regions mainly receive their blood supply from the middle cerebral artery. With respect to neurotransmitter systems, there is evidence that dopamine plays a particularly important role in DL-PFC.[2]DL-PFC is connected to the orbitofrontal cortex, and to a variety of brain areas, which include the thalamus, parts of the basal ganglia (the dorsal caudate nucleus), the hippocampus, and primary and secondary association areas of neocortex, including posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital areas.
B. The division of the forebrain that develops from the foremost primary cerebral vesicle.
C. Component of the cingulate cortex. The rostral and caudal extent were the caudal anterior and the isthmus divisions of the cingulate cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the corpus callosum and as the superior frontal gyrus and/or paracentral lobule respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine).
D. An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN).
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009834
|
1_1_f5iautti
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Agger nasi'?
|
A. Subdivision of surface of viscerocranial mucosa overlying the lymphoid tissue between the soft palate and the pharyngeal recess. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left lateral pharyngeal bands.
B. Subdivision of surface of viscerocranial mucosa in the middle meatus. Examples: There are only two canonical instances, right and left agger nasi.
C. Subdivision of surface of viscerocranial mucosa, which is a depression located between the median and lateral glosso-epiglottic folds. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left epiglottic valleculas.
D. Subdivision of surface of viscerocranial mucosa which overlies the medial end of the pharyngotympanic tube. Examples: There are only two instances, right and left tori.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Agger nasi
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma59766
|
1_1_078zpyhx
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Amygdala'?
|
A. Basal ganglion of telencephalon which is an almond-shaped gray mass in the dorsomedial part of the temporal lobe.
B. Bone complex which has as its direct parts right and left nasal bones.
C. Mesenteric lymph node group located around branches of superior mesenteric artery to the ileum.
D. Basal ganglion of telencephalon which is made up primarily of gray matter, and is located lateral to the caudate nucleus and external capsule and medial to the insula.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Amygdala
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma61841
|
1_1_17km1k8b
|
In the ontology of Comic Book, which of the following definitions best describes 'Imprint'?
|
A. An agent responsible for the distribution of a comic publication.
B. An agent responsible for the publication of a comic.
C. An imprint or tradename of a comic publisher.
D. A document composed of the pages in a comics publication.
|
C
|
1_1
|
arts_media_entertainment/comic_book_ontology
|
Imprint
|
http://comicmeta.org/cbo/Imprint
|
1_1_k7254xtz
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'cortex'?
|
A. A portion of ground tissue directly internal to an anther wall endothecium that develops from an anther wall secondary parietal cell layer .
B. A portion of cortex that is part of a receptacle .
C. A maximal portion of ground tissue between the vascular system and the epidermis in a plant.
D. A peripheral portion of ground tissue in a plant axis that is composed of cork cambium (phellogen; PO:0005599), phellem , and phelloderm .
|
C
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
cortex
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0005708
|
1_1_unkxzgth
|
In the ontology of Legal on Top Level Classes, which of the following definitions best describes 'reference'?
|
A. Anything concrete (i.e. made of atoms) that can be referred to but that does not fit the other top level classes. E.g.: a pen, a pet, a building.
B. Any non-tangible notion or idea that can be referred to but does not fit the other top level classes. E.g.: the approval of an act, peace, child, Mickey Mouse, John Constantine, a class of an ontology.
C. Any electronic or physical format of a FRBR Expression: OOXML, ODT, XML, TIFF, PDF, print, etc. E.g.: PDF representation of act 3 of 2005 as in the version following the amendments entered into force on July 3rd, 2006.
D. A reference for any kind of entity.
|
D
|
1_1
|
legal/allot
|
reference
|
https://w3id.org/akn/ontology/allot/Reference
|
1_1_y0037n7q
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'time crystal'?
|
A. An environmental material which is composed of insoluble solid particles suspended in a liquid.
B. An environmental material which is a liquid or semi-liquid mixture of water and some combination of soil, silt, and clay particles.
C. An open system in non-equilibrium with its environment that exhibits time translation symmetry breaking.
D. Any substance that can be consumed by an organism to satisfy nutritional or other health needs, or to provide a social or organoleptic food experience
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
time crystal
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000939
|
1_1_f7jtirsb
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'sideretin dihexoside'?
|
A. R1=hexoside,R2=hexoside,R3=H; R1=H,R2=hexoside,R3=hexoside; R1=hexoside,R2=H,R3=hexoside
B. A glycoside consisting of D-glucitol having a alpha-L-fucosyl-(1->4)-[beta-D-galactosyl-(1->3)]-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminyl-(1->3)-beta-D-galactosyl group attached at the 4-position.
C. A glycoside that consists of six beta-D-glucose residues all linked sequentially (1->3) and linked at the reducing end glycosidically to a 5-(methoxycarbonyl)pentyl group.
D. A member of the class of coumarins that consists of coumarin substituted by a senecioyloxymethyl group at position 4 and methoxy groups at positions 6 and 7. Isolated from Crinum latifolium, it exhibits anti-angiogenic activity.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
sideretin dihexoside
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_144538
|
1_1_h5i3hfqz
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'positive regulation of cell projection organization'?
|
A. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of plasma membrane bounded cell projections.
B. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell junction assembly.
C. Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle.
D. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell projections.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
positive regulation of cell projection organization
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031346
|
1_1_4vu9099q
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Portion of serum'?
|
A. Portion of secreted substance produced prostatic glands, bulbourethral glands or the seminal vesicles.
B. Transudate contained in the osseous labyrinth outside the membranous labyrinth.
C. Body substance derived from plasma by the elimination of fibrinogen. Portion of body fluid solution which has as its parts serum fluid and serum protein.
D. Secretion produced by a sweat gland.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Portion of serum
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma63083
|
1_1_xktfvjyy
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'acetylcysteine'?
|
A. A process aggregate of harm processes affecting some members of a population caused by product use by some members of the population.
B. Any amino acid derivative that is the N-acetyl or O-acetyl derivative of an amino acid.
C. An amino acid derivative resulting from reaction of cysteine at the amino group, carboxy group, or thiol group, or from the replacement of any hydrogen of cysteine by a heteroatom. The definition normally excludes peptides containing cysteine residues.
D. A metabolite of acrolein and may be found in the urine of smokers.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
acetylcysteine
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22198
|
1_1_mcl8dloc
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'thrombocytopenia DP, unspecified'?
|
A. Deficiency of a coagulation factor (proteins in the blood that help control bleeding) that is not caused by genetic alterations. Causes include vitamin k deficiency, amyloidosis, and severe liver disease.
B. Hemorrhagic diseases are caused by bleeding, or they result in bleeding
C. a bleeding disorder caused by circulating anticoagulants (autoantibodies that neutralize specific clotting)
D. Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
thrombocytopenia DP, unspecified
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICDO_0000291
|
1_1_zcqgov1r
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'anaerobic pneumonia'?
|
A. An aspiration pneumonia caused by anaerobic bacteria like Bacteroides fragilis, Peptostreptococcus, anaerobic streptococci, Fusobacterium species (Fusobacterium nucleatum and Fusobacterium necrophoram). Lung abscess and empyema are diagnosed in this disease.
B. A bacterial pneumonia which is an acute pulmonary inflammatory response that develops after the inhalation of colonized oropharyngeal material containing bacteria. It is seen in individuals with dysphagia and gastric dysmotility. The disease has_symptom tachypnea and has_symptom cough.
C. A vestibular disease that is characterized by progressive hearing loss resulting from congenital enlargement of the vestibular aqueducts.
D. A vulvar benign neoplasm that is characterized by numerous ectatic blood vessels present in the superficial dermis.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
anaerobic pneumonia
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_873
|
1_1_pax5lz63
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'flavonoids'?
|
A. Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity.
B. Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, homoflavonoid and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them.
C. Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)).
D. An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
flavonoids
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72544
|
1_1_ssuz717s
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'complex polygamous quadratic relationship'?
|
A. Any of various video games which feature intersex characters as playable characters, as major characters essential to advancing the plot, or gameplay explorations of intersex conditions and life.
B. A type of polygamous quadratic relationship which involves two triadic relationships: one in which persons A, B, and C are dating, and a second in which persons B, C, and D are dating.
C. A polygamous relationship between four people.
D. A type of quadratic polygamous relationship which combines two instances of vee polyamory, i.e. A is dating B and C, and D is dating B and C.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
complex polygamous quadratic relationship
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_012501
|
1_1_fd1u05pm
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'unifacial vascular leaf'?
|
A. A unifacial leaf that is round in cross section throughout all of part of the length of the leaf.
B. A vascular leaf that is distinct from adult leaves, being characterized by particular anatomical traits namely, wax and trichome distribution, presence or absence of epidermal cell types, cell wall shape and biochemistry.
C. A leaf in a vascular plant.
D. A vascular leaf that has increased activity of either the adaxial or abaxial meristem early in development, leading to absence of the opposite surface on the mature leaf.
|
D
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
unifacial vascular leaf
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025328
|
1_1_c30z028i
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Medium size tubers per plot'?
|
A. Maximum ground cover
B. Average width of all size tubers harvested in a net plot or unit area
C. Tendency of climbing or trailling
D. Number of medium size tubers that weighing ? 0.5kg and <1 kg in a net plot or unit area
|
D
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Medium size tubers per plot
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_343:0000349
|
1_1_ofiouane
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'condensation level'?
|
A. (Also called mammatus.) Hanging protuberances, like pouches, on the undersurface of a cloud. This supplementary cloud feature occurs mostly with cirrus, cirrocumulus, altocumulus, altostratus, stratocumulus, and cumulonimbus; in the case of cumulonimbus, mamma generally appear on the underside of the anvil (incus). See cloud classification.
B. Level at which water vapor to condense
C. On a thermodynamic diagram, the point of intersection of a sounding curve (representing the vertical distribution of temperature in an atmospheric column) with the saturation mixing ratio line corresponding to the average mixing ratio in the surface layer.
D. A region of negative buoyancy below an existing level of free convection (LFC) where energy must be supplied to the parcel to maintain its ascent.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
condensation level
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmAtmoWeather/CondensationLevel
|
1_1_cvav0np5
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'negative regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction'?
|
A. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of small intestine smooth muscle contraction.
B. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.
C. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction.
D. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of colon smooth muscle contraction.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
negative regulation of gastro-intestinal system smooth muscle contraction
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904305
|
1_1_6tl88cb2
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'Jefferson Transcription System'?
|
A. A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO).
B. A psychoactive substance that is used to treat psychosis.
C. A conversational analysis protocol that represents parts and features of conversations, including pauses and non-verbal utterances using a controlled vocabulary of symbols
D. A protocol for the analysis of conversations.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
Jefferson Transcription System
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001302
|
1_1_jfdl36jh
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'platelet glycoprotein 4 (mouse)'?
|
A. A CD86 molecule that is encoded in the genome of mouse.
B. A prominin-1 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.
C. A melanopsin that is encoded in the genome of mouse.
D. A platelet glycoprotein 4 that is encoded in the genome of mouse.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
platelet glycoprotein 4 (mouse)
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_Q08857
|
1_1_mhgiprdp
|
In the ontology of Alzheimer's Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'basophil'?
|
A. Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive.
B. A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm.
C. Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes.
D. Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/alzheimer_disease_ontology
|
basophil
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000767
|
1_1_0635gu6g
|
In the ontology of Music, which of the following definitions best describes 'instrumentation'?
|
A. Magnetic analogue tape used as medium to record a musical manifestation.
B. Instrumentation deals with the techniques of writing music for a specific instrument, including the limitations of the instrument, playing techniques and idiomatic handling of the instrument.
C. An arrangement event. Takes as agent the arranger, and produces a score (informational object, not the actually published score).
D. Orchestration includes, in addition to instrumentation, the handling of groups of instruments and their balance and interaction.
|
B
|
1_1
|
arts_media_entertainment/musicontology
|
instrumentation
|
http://purl.org/ontology/mo/Instrumentation
|
1_1_9ddkys5g
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'webbioc'?
|
A. ACME (Algorithms for Calculating Microarray Enrichment) is a set of tools for analysing tiling array ChIP/chip, DNAse hypersensitivity, or other experiments that result in regions of the genome showing "enrichment". It does not rely on a specific array technology (although the array should be a "tiling" array), is very general (can be applied in experiments resulting in regions of enrichment), and is very insensitive to array noise or normalization methods. It is also very fast and can be applied on whole-genome tiling array experiments quite easily with enough memory.
B. Creates classes used in model-view-controller (MVC) design that uses Biobase
C. This library contains functions that calculate various statistics of differential expression for microarray data, including t statistics, fold change, F statistics, SAM, moderated t and F statistics and B statistics. It also implements a new methodology called DEDS (Differential Expression via Distance Summary), which selects differentially expressed genes by integrating and summarizing a set of statistics using a weighted distance approach.
D. An integrated web interface for doing microarray analysis using several of the Bioconductor packages. It is intended to be deployed as a centralized bioinformatics resource for use by many users.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
webbioc
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_0000727
|
1_1_1o23tbq9
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'deaf gay man'?
|
A. A deaf man who is gay.
B. A gay person who experiences deafness.
C. Young men who engage in sexual activities with men.
D. A deaf person who is a lesbian.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
deaf gay man
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_011054
|
1_1_usso3de6
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Regular cardiac myocyte'?
|
A. Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac ventricle.
B. Cardiac myocytes that are excitable cells in the myocardium, specifically in the conducting system of heart.
C. Regular cardiac myocyte of a cardiac atrium.
D. Cardiac myocyte that is connected together by transverse intercalated discs at a regular interval.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Regular cardiac myocyte
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67967
|
1_1_1vot4ksz
|
In the ontology of General Medical Science, which of the following definitions best describes 'processual sign'?
|
A. A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification.
B. An abnormal processual entity occuring in a patient that is hypothesized to be clinically relevant.
C. A process which has as parts all the processes in which a given organism is participant.
D. A processual entity during which a patient participating in a disease course gradually returns to participating in a canonical life course.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/general_medical_science_ontology
|
processual sign
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000141
|
1_1_9ryq52x6
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'statistical assistant'?
|
A. Perform laboratory and field tests to monitor the environment and investigate sources of pollution, including those that affect health, under the direction of an environmental scientist, engineer, or other specialist. May collect samples of gases, soil, water, and other materials for testing.
B. Conduct retail activities of businesses operating exclusively online. May perform duties such as preparing business strategies, buying merchandise, managing inventory, implementing marketing activities, fulfilling and shipping online orders, and balancing financial records.
C. Teach or instruct out-of-school youths and adults in basic education, literacy, or English as a Second Language classes, or in classes for earning a high school equivalency credential.
D. Compile and compute data according to statistical formulas for use in statistical studies. May perform actuarial computations and compile charts and graphs for use by actuaries. Includes actuarial clerks.
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
statistical assistant
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_43911100
|
1_1_28gpjio7
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'right-wing libertarianism'?
|
A. A libertarian political activism strategy. It was developed by American anarcho-capitalist theorists Murray Rothbard and Lew Rockwell in the American political context after the end of Cold War. From 1989 to 1995, they sought to communicate libertarian notions of opposition to government intervention using messages accessible to working and middle-class people of the time. This approach, usually identified as right-wing populism, was intended to radicalize citizens against the state. The name they chose for this style of activism evoked the roots of modern libertarianism, hence the prefix paleo. That founding movement was American classical liberalism, which shared the anti-war and anti–New Deal sentiments of the Old Right in the first half of the 20th century.
B. a political philosophy and type of libertarianism that supports capitalist property rights and defends market distribution of natural resources and private property. The term right-libertarianism is used to distinguish this class of views on the nature of property and capital from left-libertarianism, a type of libertarianism that combines self-ownership with an egalitarian approach to natural resources. In contrast to socialist libertarianism, right-libertarianism supports free-market capitalism.
C. A political philosophy and type of libertarianism that stresses both individual freedom and social equality. Left-libertarianism represents several related yet distinct approaches to political and social theory.
D. A political philosophy that upholds liberty as a core principle. Libertarians seek to maximize autonomy and political freedom, emphasizing free association, freedom of choice, individualism and voluntary association. Libertarians share a skepticism of authority and state power, but some libertarians diverge on the scope of their opposition to existing economic and political systems.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
right-wing libertarianism
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_011767
|
1_1_xqb5m9ge
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'bodily disposition'?
|
A. A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism.
B. A bodily disposition which is the degree to which the person is at risk of relapse to tobacco use.
C. A <disposition> that inheres in some extended organism.
D. A disposition inhering in a manufactured cigarette
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
bodily disposition
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000032
|
1_1_5a2rvbj0
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Exacerbated by phenytoin exposure'?
|
A. Applied to a sign or symptom that is worsened by administration of sodium channel blocking agents such as phenytoin, carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, topiramate, and zonisamide.
B. Applied to a sign or symptom that is worsened by treatment with an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor such as tensilon (edrophonium) or pyridostigmine (Mestinon).
C. Applied to a sign or symptom that is worsened by administration of phenytoin.
D. Applied to a sign orr symptom that is worsed by administration of opiate medications.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Exacerbated by phenytoin exposure
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_4000132
|
1_1_wmpyt9vy
|
In the ontology of Business Process Model and Notation, which of the following definitions best describes 'Process'?
|
A. A Process is an activity performed within or across companies or organizations. In BPMN a Process is depicted as a graph of Flow Objects, which are a set of other activities and the controls that sequence them. The concept of process is intrinsically hierarchical. Processes may be defined at any level from enterprise-wide processes to processes performed by a single person. Low-level processes may be grouped together to achieve a common business goal. Note that BPMN defines the term Process fairly specifically and defines a Business Process more generically as a set of activities that are performed within an organization or across organizations. Thus a Business Process, as shown in a Business Process Diagram, may contain more than one separate Process. Each Process may have its own Sub-Processes and would be contained within a Pool (Section B.8.2, on page 260). The individual Processes would be independent in terms of Sequence Flow, but could have Message Flow connecting them.
B. InputSet, which is used in the definition of common attributes for Activities and for attributes of a Process, and which extends the set of common BPMN Element attributes (see Table B.2).
C. A grouping of activities that does not affect the Sequence Flow. The grouping can be used for documentation or analysis purposes. Groups can also be used to identify the activities of a distributed transaction that is shown across Pools.
D. Assignment, which is used in the definition of attributes for Process, Activities, Events, Gateways, and Gates, and which extends the set of common BPMN Element attributes
|
A
|
1_1
|
business_finance/bpmn
|
Process
|
http://dkm.fbk.eu/index.php/BPMN_Ontology#process
|
1_1_dfyr4rdv
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Left superior pulmonary vein'?
|
A. Pulmoanry venous tree organ, each instance of which returns blood from the upper lobe of some lung to the left atrium of some heart.
B. Fiat anatomical line of skull representing minimum transverse dimension of forehead.
C. Superior pulmonary venous tree, each instance of which returns blood from the upper and middle lobes of some right lung to the left atrium of some heart.
D. Superior pulmonary venous tree, each instance of which returns blood from the upper lobe of some left lung to the left atrium of some heart.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Left superior pulmonary vein
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma49916
|
1_1_i55j36id
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'microwave radiation'?
|
A. A radiation process during which electromagnetic waves or their quanta are emitted at wavelengths between 10 nm and 400 nm.
B. Electromagnetic radidation which involves radiant energy in a spectral range (wave band) between 400 to 700 nanometers, that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis.
C. A radiation process during which electromagnetic waves or their quanta are emitted at wavelengths and frequencies which travel exclusively in a line-of-sight fashion and which may produce molecular rotation and torsion on contact with matter.
D. An electromagnetic radiation process during which electromagnetic waves or their quanta are emitted from a manufactured product.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
microwave radiation
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_21001212
|
1_1_q36m2qla
|
In the ontology of Plant, which of the following definitions best describes 'pneumatophore'?
|
A. A lateral root that is erect and protrudes above the surface of the soil or water.
B. A root that develops from a lateral root primordium that is part of another root on the same plant.
C. A lateral root that develops from a non-pericyclic lateral root primordium .
D. A small lateral root that grows from a prop root and has a mealy surface texture.
|
A
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/plant_ontology
|
pneumatophore
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PO_0025357
|
1_1_4g734p9z
|
In the ontology of CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model, which of the following definitions best describes 'Move'?
|
A. This class comprises the activities that result in an instance of E39 Actor becoming a member of an instance of E74 Group. This class does not imply initiative by either party. It may be the initiative of a third party.
Typical scenarios include becoming a member of a social organisation, becoming an employee of a company, marriage, the adoption of a child by a family, and the inauguration of somebody into an official position.Examples:In First Order Logic:
B. This class comprises changes of the physical location of the instances of E19 Physical Object.
Note, that the class E9 Move inherits the property P7 took place at (witnessed): E53 Place. This property should be used to describe the trajectory or a larger area within which a move takes place, whereas the properties P26 moved to (was destination of), P27 moved from (was origin of) describe the start and end points only. Moves may also be documented to consist of other moves (via P9 consists of (forms part of)), in order to describe intermediate stages on a trajectory. In that case, start and end points of the partial moves should match appropriately between each other and with the overall event.Examples:In First Order Logic:
C. This class comprises the actions of making assertions about one property of an object or any single relation between two items or concepts. The type of the property asserted to hold between two items or concepts can be described by the property P177 assigned property of type (is type of property assigned): E55 Type.
For example, the class describes the actions of people making propositions and statements during certain scientific/scholarly procedures, e.g. the person and date when a condition statement was made, an identifier was assigned, the museum object was measured, etc. Which kinds of such assignments and statements need to be documented explicitly in structures of a schema rather than free text, depends on whether this information should be accessible by structured queries.
This class allows for the documentation of how the respective assignment came about, and whose opinion it was. Note that all instances of properties described in a knowledge base are the opinion of someone. Per default, they are the opinion of the team maintaining the knowledge base. This fact must not individually be registered for all instances of properties provided by the maintaining team, because it would result in an endless recursion of whose opinion was the description of an opinion. Therefore, the use of instances of E13 Attribute Assignment marks the fact that the maintaining team is in general neutral to the validity of the respective assertion, but registers someone else’s opinion and how it came about.
All properties assigned in such an action can also be seen as directly relating the respective pair of items or concepts. Multiple use of instances of E13 Attribute Assignment may possibly lead to a collection of contradictory values.Examples:In First Order Logic:
D. This class comprises instances of E7 Activity that are undertaken to create, alter or change instances of E24 Physical Human-Made Thing.
This class includes the production of an item from raw materials and other so far undocumented objects. It also includes the conservation treatment of an object.
Since the distinction between modification and production is not always clear, modification is regarded as the more generally applicable concept. This implies that some items may be consumed or destroyed in an instance of E11 Modification, and that others may be produced as a result of it. An event should also be documented using an instance of E81 Transformation if it results in the destruction of one or more objects and the simultaneous production of others using parts or material from the originals. In this case, the new items have separate identities.
An activity undertaken on an object which was designed to alter it, but which, in fact, it did not in any seemingly significant way (such as the application of a solvent during conservation which failed to dissolve any part of the object), is still considered as an instance of E11 Modification. Typically, any such activity will leave at least forensic traces of evidence on the object.
If the instance of E29 Design or Procedure utilized for the modification prescribes the use of specific materials, they should be documented using property P68 foresees use of (use foreseen by): E57 Material of E29 Design or Procedure, rather than via P126 employed (was employed in): E57 Material.Examples:In First Order Logic:
|
B
|
1_1
|
arts_media_entertainment/cidoc_crm
|
E9 Move
|
http://www.cidoc-crm.org/cidoc-crm/E9_Move
|
1_1_kohnysil
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'achondrogenesis type IB'?
|
A. An achondrogenesis that has_material_basis_in mutations in the COL2A1 gene which results_in underdeveloped lungs, hydrops fetalis, a prominent forehead and abnormal ossification of the located_in vertebral column or located_in pelvis.
B. An achondrogenesis that results_in abnormal ossification of the located_in vertebral column or located_in spine.
C. An achondrogenesis that has_material_basis_in mutation in the SLC26A2 gene which results_in umbilical or inguinal hernia and a prominent rounded abdomen.
D. An osteochondrodysplasia that has_material_basis_in deficient endochondral ossification which results_in dwarfism, short-trunk, short-limbed, anascara, disproportionately large cranium, and a narrow chest which leads to death in utero or during early neonatal period.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
achondrogenesis type IB
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0080055
|
1_1_wtsau4c2
|
In the ontology of Business Process Model and Notation, which of the following definitions best describes 'signal'?
|
A. Message, which is used in the definition of attributes for a Start Event, End Event, Intermediate Event, Task, and Message Flow, and which extends the set of common BPMN Element attributes (see Table B.2)
B. artifact_output, which is used in the definition of attributes for all graphical elements.
C. As the name implies, the Start Event indicates where a particular process will start.
D. Signal, which is used in the definition of attributes for a Start Event, End Event, Intermediate Event, and which extends the set of common BPMN Element attributes (see Table B.2).
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/bpmn
|
signal
|
http://dkm.fbk.eu/index.php/BPMN_Ontology#signal
|
1_1_juqcfw55
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'insulation worker, floor, ceiling, or wall'?
|
A. Set up, operate, or tend welding, soldering, or brazing machines or robots that weld, braze, solder, or heat treat metal products, components, or assemblies. Includes workers who operate laser cutters or laser-beam machines.
B. Make, repair, or replace upholstery for household furniture or transportation vehicles.
C. Operate pile drivers mounted on skids, barges, crawler treads, or locomotive cranes to drive pilings for retaining walls, bulkheads, and foundations of structures such as buildings, bridges, and piers.
D. Line and cover structures with insulating materials. May work with batt, roll, or blown insulation materials.
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
insulation worker, floor, ceiling, or wall
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_47213100
|
1_1_lu6w7srt
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Fragile skin'?
|
A. Skin that splits easily with minimal injury.
B. Ectodermal dysplasia is a group of conditions in which there is abnormal development of the skin, hair, nails, teeth, or sweat glands.
C. An increased sensitivity of the skin to light. Photosensitivity may result in a rash upon exposure to the sun (which is known as photodermatosis). Photosensitivity can be diagnosed by phototests in which light is shone on small areas of skin.
D. Recurrent episodes of redness of the skin together with a sensation of warmth or burning of the affected areas of skin.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Fragile skin
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0001030
|
1_1_dysfs244
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'farmer, rancher or other agricultural manager'?
|
A. Design, develop, test, and evaluate integrated systems for managing industrial production processes, including human work factors, quality control, inventory control, logistics and material flow, cost analysis, and production coordination.
B. Plan, direct, or coordinate the management or operation of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquacultural operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments. May hire, train, and supervise farm workers or contract for services to carry out the day-to-day activities of the managed operation. May engage in or supervise planting, cultivating, harvesting, and financial and marketing activities.
C. Direct or coordinate production, purchasing, warehousing, distribution, or financial forecasting services or activities to limit costs and improve accuracy, customer service, or safety. Examine existing procedures or opportunities for streamlining activities to meet product distribution needs. Direct the movement, storage, or processing of inventory.
D. Research or study range land management practices to provide sustained production of forage, livestock, and wildlife.
|
B
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
farmer, rancher or other agricultural manager
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_11901300
|
1_1_ivoes4tt
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes '2-deoxy-D-gluconate'?
|
A. The conjugate base of 2-deoxy-D-gluconic acid; major species at pH 7.3.
B. The conjugate base of 2-dehydro-3-deoxy-D-gluconic acid; major species at pH 7.3.
C. A dioxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of 2,3-diketogulonic acid, and the major species at pH 7.3.
D. A carbohydrate acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxylic acid group of D-galactaro-1,4-lactone.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
2-deoxy-D-gluconate
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57653
|
1_1_228c0hzz
|
In the ontology of Geology Names, which of the following definitions best describes 'Code'?
|
A. An idea or notion; a unit of thought.
B. A Web page displaying a map
C. A Wikipedia article
D. A feature code.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/geonames_ontology
|
Code
|
https://www.geonames.org/ontology#Code
|
1_1_s32vs1y3
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process'?
|
A. The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
B. The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the positive regulation of apoptotic process.
C. The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell, followed by propagation of the signal via beta-catenin, and ending with a change in transcription of target genes involved in the negative regulation of apoptotic process.
D. A type of Wnt signaling pathway in which Wnt binding to its receptor on the surface of a target cell results in the by propagation of the molecular signals via beta-catenin, and end with a change in transcription of target genes. In this pathway, the activated receptor signals via downstream effectors that result in the inhibition of beta-catenin phosphorylation, thereby preventing degradation of beta-catenin. Stabilized beta-catenin can then accumulate and travel to the nucleus to trigger changes in transcription of target genes.
|
C
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
canonical Wnt signaling pathway involved in negative regulation of apoptotic process
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044336
|
1_1_dxaa747f
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'natural killer cell differentiation'?
|
A. The process in which a naive natural killer cell acquires the specialized features of an effector natural killer T cell as part of an immune response.
B. The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell.
C. The change in morphology and behavior of a natural killer cell resulting from exposure a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response.
D. The expansion of a natural killer cell population by cell division.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
natural killer cell differentiation
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001779
|
1_1_ipltj7fh
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'agricultural inspector'?
|
A. Lay and bind building materials, such as brick, structural tile, concrete block, cinder block, glass block, and terra-cotta block, with mortar and other substances, to construct or repair walls, partitions, arches, sewers, and other structures.
B. Perform technical activities at power plants or individual installations necessary for the generation of power from geothermal energy sources. Monitor and control operating activities at geothermal power generation facilities and perform maintenance and repairs as necessary. Install, test, and maintain residential and commercial geothermal heat pumps.
C. Operate crematory equipment to reduce human or animal remains to bone fragments in accordance with state and local regulations. Duties may include preparing the body for cremation and performing general maintenance on crematory equipment. May use traditional flame-based cremation, calcination, or alkaline hydrolysis.
D. Inspect agricultural commodities, processing equipment, and facilities, and fish and logging operations, to ensure compliance with regulations and laws governing health, quality, and safety.
|
D
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
agricultural inspector
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_45201100
|
1_1_jzjqar3l
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'diterpenoid'?
|
A. Any terpenoid derived from a diterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C20 skeleton of the parent diterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups).
B. A fetal alcohol spectrum disorder that results in damage to organs, bones, or muscles due to prenatal alcohol exposure.
C. Any isoprenoid that is a natural product or related compound formally derived from isoprene units. Terpenoids may contain oxygen in various functional groups. This class is subdivided according to the number of carbon atoms in the parent terpene. The skeleton of terpenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by the loss or shift of a fragment, generally a methyl group.
D. A diterpenoid that is 6a,7,8,10a-tetrahydro-6H-benzo[c]chromene substituted at position 1 by a hydroxy group, positions 6, 6 and 9 by methyl groups and at position 3 by a pentyl group.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
diterpenoid
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23849
|
1_1_3jly8y6z
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'organohalogen compound'?
|
A. A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element.
B. A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom).
C. Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond.
D. An organoiodine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-iodine bond.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
organohalogen compound
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792
|
1_1_x0qxypgk
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'regulation of podocyte apoptotic process'?
|
A. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process.
B. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell apoptotic process.
C. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.
D. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of glomerular visceral epithelial cell apoptotic process.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
regulation of podocyte apoptotic process
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904633
|
1_1_k6rwa99r
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'non-daily nicotine replacement therapy user'?
|
A. A person who participates in nicotine replacement therapy use.
B. An NRT user who does not use their product on a daily basis.
C. A nicotine replacement therapy user who has been using NRT products for one year or more.
D. A nicotine replacement therapy user who engages in nicotine replacement therapy use every day.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
non-daily nicotine replacement therapy user
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001192
|
1_1_9jwk70bb
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'fatty acid phytyl ester'?
|
A. A fatty acid ester resulting from the formal condensation of the hydroxy group of phytol with the carboxy group of any fatty acid.
B. A fatty acid ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of any fatty acid with the hydroxy group of any hydroxy fatty acid.
C. A fatty acid ester which is fully saturated and which contains a total of 34 carbon atoms.
D. A germacranolide isolated from Neurolaena lobata and Austroeupatorium inulifolium and has been shown to exhibit antimalarial activity.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
fatty acid phytyl ester
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_177021
|
1_1_hubhl5np
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'feed storage space'?
|
A. A grassland ecosystem which is used for grazing of ungulate livestock as part of a farm or ranch.
B. A terrace which is used for agricultural activities.
C. A physical space, which may or may not be in a construction, which is used to store animal feed for agricultural purposes.
D. A physical space, which may or may not be in a construction, which is used to store animal manure for agricultural purposes.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
feed storage space
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01001114
|
1_1_3eaq995c
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Root lodging percentage'?
|
A. Percent root lodging. evaluation taken when observed. indicates percent of roots lodged.
B. Standard method for palmitoleic acid content
C. Length of the leaf 3 rank above the largest green leaf, the length is measured without the petiole
D. Lignoceric acid (c 24:0) percentage of oil
|
A
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Root lodging percentage
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_359:0000825
|
1_1_ybd975dx
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Congenital hepatic fibrosis'?
|
A. The presence of fibrosis of that part of the liver with congenital onset.
B. The presence of excessive fibrous connective tissue in the liver. Fibrosis is a reparative or reactive process.
C. The presence of fibrosis affecting the interlobular stroma of liver.
D. Hepatic fibrosis that reaches from a portal area to another portal area.
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Congenital hepatic fibrosis
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002612
|
1_1_a52blg7g
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'inositol 4-methyltransferase activity'?
|
A. Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + myo-inositol = 1D-4-O-methyl-myo-inositol + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.
B. Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) + licodione = 2'-O-methyllicodione + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + H+.
C. Catalysis of the reaction: S-adenosyl-L-methionine + a thiopurine = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + a thiopurine S-methylether.
D. Catalysis of the reaction: 12-hydroxydihydrochelirubine + S-adenosyl-L-methionine(1+) = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + dihydromacarpine + H+.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
inositol 4-methyltransferase activity
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030787
|
1_1_lf4zxdsc
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'oikocryst'?
|
A. any crystal in an igneous or metamorphic rock that is sgnificantly larger than the surounding groundmass. May be a phenocryst, xenocryst, porphyroblast or porphyroclast.
B. constituent occurs as a collection of particles that are characterized by average properties of the individual particles
C. Constituent occurs as crystals that poikilitically enclose crystals of other phases in an igneous rock.
D. the enclosed crystal in a poikolitic texture
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
oikocryst
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmGeolConstituent/Oikocryst
|
1_1_vcgdpt3i
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'Tlingit culturally-specific gender identity'?
|
A. Any of various culturally-specific gender identities specific to any of various Tlingit cultures and/or subcultures.
B. A Tlingit person who is part of a certain non-binary cultural gender role in those communities and who may, in modern times, be assigned male at birth.
C. Any of various culturally-specific gender identities specific to any of various Tsimshian cultures and/or subcultures.
D. Any of various culturally-specific gender identities specific to any of various Pacific Northwest Coast North American cultures and/or subcultures.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
Tlingit culturally-specific gender identity
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_011249
|
1_1_yupopgit
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'LGBTQ drinking establishment'?
|
A. A business whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises.
B. A business serving mostly LGBTQIA+ persons whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises.
C. A business serving mostly person belonging to the leather subculture whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises.
D. A business serving mostly transgender people whose primary function is the serving of alcoholic beverages for consumption on the premises.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
LGBTQ drinking establishment
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_003448
|
1_1_kmh24bn3
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'width'?
|
A. An 1-D extent quality inhering in two-dimensional bearer by virtue of being equal to the distance around it.
B. A width which is relatively small.
C. A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the dimension through an object as opposed to its length or width.
D. A 1-D extent quality which is equal to the distance from one side of an object to another side which is opposite.
|
D
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
width
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000921
|
1_1_9mnbgm4g
|
In the ontology of Legal, which of the following definitions best describes 'Relocation'?
|
A. See ESTRELLA deliverable 3.2
B. Moving some part of the text to some other place within the same document
C. Removal of some part of text or the entire act from the legal system.
D. Substitution of a part or entire act or annex
|
B
|
1_1
|
legal/lkif_core_ontology
|
Relocation
|
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/time-modification.owl#Relocation
|
1_1_ustjk259
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'immunological synapse formation'?
|
A. The formation of an area of close contact between a lymphocyte (T-, B-, or natural killer cell) and a target cell through the clustering of particular signaling and adhesion molecules and their associated membrane rafts on both the lymphocyte and target cell, which facilitates activation of the lymphocyte, transfer of membrane from the target cell to the lymphocyte, and in some situations killing of the target cell through release of secretory granules and/or death-pathway ligand-receptor interaction.
B. A cell-cell recognition process by which a cell distinguishes between self and non self during cooperative behavior, such as early development.
C. The initial contact step made between the male gamete and the female gamete during double fertilization forming a zygote and endosperm. An example can be found in Arabidopsis thaliana.
D. Cell recognition between cells. May involve the formation of specialized cell junctions.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
immunological synapse formation
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001771
|
1_1_x678oarn
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Trapezium proper'?
|
A. Organ segment which consists of a wall lined with epithelial cells and which encloses a lumen.
B. Organ segment which is regional part of coracclavicular ligament. Examples:
C. Organ segment which is regional part of skin. Examples: skin of head, skin of limb.
D. Organ segment which is regional part of trapezium proper. Examples: There are only two trapezium proper, left and right trapezium proper.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Trapezium proper
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma43073
|
1_1_dk74nzzh
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'olfactory organ'?
|
A. An organ that detects light.
B. An organ that is capable of transducing sensory stimulus to the nervous system.
C. The olfactory organ of vertebrates, consisting of nares, olfactory epithelia and the structures and skeletal framework of the nasal cavity.
D. An organ that houses olfactory neurons and is responsible for the sense of smell. Examples include the vertebrate nose and the Drosophila dorsal organ.
|
D
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
olfactory organ
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002268
|
1_1_miv9j9qd
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'high fog'?
|
A. Fog formed by orographic lifting to condensation of moist air up a mountain slope.
B. In the US, the frequent fog on the slopes of the coastal mountains of California, especially applied when the fog overtops the range and extends as stratus over the leeward valleys.
C. In general, leaching is the extraction of certain materials from a carrier into a liquid (usually, but not always a solvent).
D. The wind system, occupying most of the Tropics, that blows from the subtropical highs toward the equatorial trough; a major component of the general circulation of the atmosphere.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
high fog
|
http://sweetontology.net/phenAtmoFog/HighFog
|
1_1_uqt5ay05
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'tRNA 2-selenouridine synthase activity'?
|
A. Catalysis of the reaction: 5-methylaminomethyl-2-thiouridine + selenophosphate = 5-methylaminomethyl-2-selenouridine + phosphate (at the wobble position in tRNA).
B. Catalysis of the hydrolysis of misacylated Ser-tRNA(Ala) and Gly-tRNA(Ala).
C. Catalysis of the reaction: 2'-phospho-[ligated tRNA] + NAD+ = mature tRNA + ADP ribose 1'',2''-phosphate + nicotinamide + H2O. This reaction is the transfer of the splice junction 2-phosphate from ligated tRNA to NAD+ to produce ADP-ribose 1'-2' cyclic phosphate.
D. Catalysis of the reaction: guanosine34 in tRNA + queuine = guanine + queuosine34 in tRNA.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
tRNA 2-selenouridine synthase activity
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043828
|
1_1_yukj7of2
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'Affymetrix Expression Console'?
|
A. Expression Console™ software supports probe set summarization and CHP file generation for 3' expression (e.g., GeneChip® Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Array), gene-level (e.g., GeneChip® Human Gene 1.0 ST array) and exon-level arrays (e.g., GeneChip® Human Exon 1.0 ST Array). The Expression Console workflow provides the user with a choice of the more commonly used probe set summarization algorithms
B. RNA-SeQC is a java program which computes a series of quality control metrics for RNA-seq data. The input can be one or more BAM files. The output consists of HTML reports and tab delimited files of metrics data. This program can be valuable for comparing sequencing quality across different samples or experiments to evaluate different experimental parameters. It can also be run on individual samples as a means of quality control before continuing with downstream analysis.
C. Salmon is a tool for quantifying the expression of transcripts using RNA-seq data. Salmon uses new algorithms (specifically, coupling the concept of quasi-mapping with a two-phase inference procedure) to provide accurate expression estimates very quickly (i.e. wicked-fast) and while using little memory. Salmon performs its inference using an expressive and realistic model of RNA-seq data that takes into account experimental attributes and biases commonly observed in real RNA-seq data.
D. Processes fluorescent images of microarrays
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
Affymetrix Expression Console
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_1100005
|
1_1_02mmz1wg
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'marsh'?
|
A. In physical geography, a wetland is an environment at the interface between truly terrestrial ecosystems and aquatic systems making them inherently different from each other yet highly dependent on both. In essence, wetlands are ecotones. Wetlands often host considerable biodiversity and endemism. The US Army Corps of Engineers and the US Environmental Protection Agency jointly define wetlands as: Those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and duration sufficient to support, and that under normal circumstances do support, a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated soil conditions. Wetlands generally include swamps, marshes, bogs, and similar areas.
B. A swamp is a wetland that features temporary or permanent inundation of large areas of land by shallow bodies of water, generally with a substantial number of hammocks, or dry-land protrusions, and covered by aquatic vegetation, or vegetation that tolerates periodical inundation.The water of a swamp may be fresh water or salt water. A swamp is also generally defined as having no substantial peat deposits.
C. In geography, a marsh, or morass, is a type of wetland which is subject to frequent or continuous inundation. Typically a marsh features grasses, rushes, reeds, typhas, sedges, and other herbaceous plants (possibly with low-growing woody plants) in a context of shallow water. A marsh is different from a swamp, which has a greater proportion of open water surface, and is generally deeper than a marsh. In North America, the term swamp is used for wetland dominated by trees rather than grasses and low herbs
D. Peat forms in wetlands or peatlands, variously called bogs, moors, muskegs, pocosins, mires, and peat swamp forests
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
marsh
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmHydroBody/Marsh
|
1_1_0rrjbjk9
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'regulation of ruffle assembly'?
|
A. Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly.
B. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly.
C. Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of ruffle assembly.
D. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of plasma membrane bounded cell projection assembly.
|
A
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
regulation of ruffle assembly
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1900027
|
1_1_mgatu2x6
|
In the ontology of International Classification of Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'pneumonia due to other specified bacteria'?
|
A. pneumonia caused by bacteria
B. An infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs caused by Escherichia coli bacteria
C. an infection that inflames the air sacs in one or both lungs. Caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria
D. inflammation of the lung that is caused by bacterial infections
|
A
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/international_classification_of_disease_ontology
|
pneumonia due to other specified bacteria
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICDO_0000177
|
1_1_l92bt5fm
|
In the ontology of Gene, which of the following definitions best describes 'negative regulation of antifungal peptide production'?
|
A. Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide production.
B. Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antimicrobial peptide secretion.
C. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of antifungal peptide production.
D. Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of antifungal peptide production.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gene_ontology
|
negative regulation of antifungal peptide production
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002789
|
1_1_2bfn91eb
|
In the ontology of Human Disease, which of the following definitions best describes 'spasmodic dystonia'?
|
A. A focal dystonia characterized by adult-onset cervical dystonia typically in the fourth or fifth decade of life that has_material_basis_in autosomal dominant inheritance of heterozygous mutation in the CACNA1B gene on chromosome 9q34.
B. A focal dystonia that involves the muscles that control the vocal cords, resulting in strained or breathy speech.
C. A dystonia that is localized to a specific part of the body.
D. A focal dystonia that is characterized as dystonia that affects the muscles of the head, face, and neck.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_disease_ontology
|
spasmodic dystonia
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0050844
|
1_1_e1xub2pt
|
In the ontology of Music, which of the following definitions best describes 'DCC'?
|
A. Magnetic analogue tape used as medium to record a musical manifestation.
B. Mini Disc used as medium to record a musical manifestation.
C. Digital Compact Cassette used as medium to record a musical manifestation.
D. Vinyl used as medium to record a musical manifestation
|
C
|
1_1
|
arts_media_entertainment/musicontology
|
DCC
|
http://purl.org/ontology/mo/DCC
|
1_1_7h9q06lk
|
In the ontology of Chemical Entities of Biological Interest, which of the following definitions best describes 'conivaptan'?
|
A. A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a 3-methylphenyl substituent at position 1, a methyl substituent at position 3, a chloro substituent at position 6 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8. Dopamine D1-like receptor partial agonist (Ki values are 1.18, 7.56, 920 and 399 nM for rat D1, D5, D2 and D3 receptors respectively). May act as an antagonist in vivo, producing anti-Parkinsonian effects and antagonising the behavioral effects of cocaine.
B. The amide resulting from the formal condensation of 4-[(biphenyl-2-ylcarbonyl)amino]benzoic acid with the benzazepine nitrogen of 2-methyl-1,4,5,6-tetrahydroimidazo[4,5-d][1]benzazepine. It is an antagonist for two of the three types of arginine vasopressin (AVP) receptors, V1a and V2. It is used as its hydrochloride salt for the treatment of hyponatraemia (low blood sodium levels) caused by syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
C. A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of capsaicin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.
D. A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine substituted at position 1 by a methyl group and a t position 6 by a chloro group.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/chemical_entities_of_biological_interest_ontology
|
conivaptan
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_681850
|
1_1_lpar4pfm
|
In the ontology of Human Phenotype, which of the following definitions best describes 'Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction'?
|
A. A wall motion abnormality observed upon left ventricular contraction that affects a specific region of the left ventricle.
B. A diminution of the volumetric fraction of blood pumped out of the ventricle with each cardiac cycle.
C. Any abnormality of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), which is the fraction of chamber volume ejected in systole (stroke volume) in relation to the volume of the blood in the ventricle at the end of diastole (end-diastolic volume). Stroke volume (SV) is calculated as the difference between end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume (ESV). LVEF is calculated as [SV/EDV] in percent.
D. Abnormal function of the left ventricule during left ventricular relaxation and filling.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/human_phenotype_ontology
|
Abnormal left ventricular ejection fraction
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0034314
|
1_1_2t6z77b4
|
In the ontology of Foundational Model of Anatomy, which of the following definitions best describes 'Lactiferous gland'?
|
A. Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of acini connected to the surface of the areola or to a lactiferous duct by the duct of areolar gland. Examples: There are variable numbers of areolar glands.
B. Lobular organ which consist of a lactiferous duct tree and the set of lactiferous acini that are connected to duct tree. Examples: There are variable numbers of lactiferous duct trees.
C. Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of glandular acini which communicate with the vestibule of vagina. Examples: right vestibular gland, lesser vestibular gland.
D. Ectopic thyroid gland which is located in the vicinity of the thyroid gland proper without any direct connection with it.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/foundational_model_of_anatomy_ontology
|
Lactiferous gland
|
http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62088
|
1_1_7v27bhvt
|
In the ontology of General Medical Science, which of the following definitions best describes 'health care process assay'?
|
A. A planned process with the objective to improve the health status of a patient that directly involves the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease or injury of a patient
B. A temporally-connected health care process that has as participants an organization or person realizing the health care provider role and a person realizing the patient role. The health care provider role and patient are realized during the health care encounter
C. A health care process with the objective to produce information about the material entity that is the evaluant, by physically examining it or its proxies.
D. A health care process that involves the interpretation of a clinical picture from a given patient (input) and the assertion to the effect that the patient has a disease, disorder, or syndrome of a certain type, or none of these (output).
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/general_medical_science_ontology
|
health care process assay
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000108
|
1_1_o3811r9h
|
In the ontology of Environment, which of the following definitions best describes 'primary cave'?
|
A. A cavity developed along a joint and elongate in cross-section.
B. A cave formed at the same time as the surrounding rock.
C. A shallow cave-like opening at the base of a bluff or cliff.
D. A cave formed by erosion caused by flowing streams carrying rocks or sediments.
|
B
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/environment_ontology
|
primary cave
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000361
|
1_1_0wr9mufx
|
In the ontology of Legal, which of the following definitions best describes 'Interpretation'?
|
A. Modification of the term specified by some procedural deadline.
B. A modification that changes the meaning of some provision without changing its literal text
C. Modification of the interpretation of normative content by the author or some superior actor
D. Modification by paraphrasing
|
C
|
1_1
|
legal/lkif_core_ontology
|
Interpretation
|
http://www.estrellaproject.org/lkif-core/time-modification.owl#Interpretation
|
1_1_k95yn921
|
In the ontology of Crop, which of the following definitions best describes 'Ratio of DNA to DNA in standard plant'?
|
A. Spotted-wing drosphila adult mortality percent calculated
B. Measured with HPLC, reported as mg/100 gram of fresh tissue weight
C. Flow cytometry measurement of the ratio of the amoun tof sample DNA to the amount of DNA in a standard plant. Flow Cytometry determination using DAPI with internal standard = Vinca minor. Performed by Plant Cytometry Services, The Netherlands, 30 June 2012. This project was a collaborative effort from the USDA ARS and the University of Florida.
D. Fruit acidity determined via titration by the OSU Food Science Dept
|
C
|
1_1
|
food_agriculture/crop_ontology
|
Ratio of DNA to DNA in standard plant
|
https://cropontology.org/rdf/CO_371:0000385
|
1_1_5jo7ak5p
|
In the ontology of Semantic Web for Earth and Environmental Terminology, which of the following definitions best describes 'corrosion rim'?
|
A. Corona that consists of concentric bands with radial fibrous texture.
B. Constituent occurs as a concentric envelope enclosing another constituent. Corona is a non-genetic term.
C. A corona formed by a secondary mineral around an orginal igneous crystal, formed by modification of the crystal by the corrosive action of its parent magma.
D. The ability of a fluid at rest to become turbulent or laminar due to the effects of buoyancy.
|
C
|
1_1
|
earth_environment/sweet
|
corrosion rim
|
http://sweetontology.net/realmGeolConstituent/CorrosionRim
|
1_1_0ctmcjk7
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'pragmatic randomised trial design'?
|
A. A randomised controlled trial design in which pre-existing groups of participants are randomly allocated to intervention arms.
B. A randomised controlled trial design in which participants are randomised to study on more than one occasion during the study.
C. A randomised controlled trial design that aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention under conditions similar to those that would obtain were the intervention to be delivered in routine practice.
D. An interventional study design in which participants are randomly allocated to receive one of two or more interventions or no intervention using a study randomisation process.
|
C
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
pragmatic randomised trial design
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0001306
|
1_1_5oto7yxz
|
In the ontology of Emotion, which of the following definitions best describes 'larval wandering behavior'?
|
A. Locomotory behavior in a larval (immature) organism.
B. The behavior of a larval organism relating to the progression of that organism along the ground by the process of lifting and setting down each leg.
C. The movement of a third instar larva through a substrate in search of a pupation site. This movement occurs without feeding and is characterized by short bursts of forward movement, separated by stops and repeated side-to-side head probes, followed normally by a change in direction.
D. Digging into the substrate by non-feeding larvae in search for food-free sites suitable for pupation.
|
C
|
1_1
|
human_society/emotion_ontology
|
larval wandering behavior
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035180
|
1_1_5nbdgjax
|
In the ontology of Occupation, which of the following definitions best describes 'industrial-organizational psychologist'?
|
A. Teach courses in environmental science. Includes both teachers primarily engaged in teaching and those who do a combination of teaching and research.
B. Apply principles of psychology to human resources, administration, management, sales, and marketing problems. Activities may include policy planning; employee testing and selection, training, and development; and organizational development and analysis. May work with management to organize the work setting to improve worker productivity.
C. Plan, direct, or coordinate investment strategy or operations for a large pool of liquid assets supplied by institutional investors or individual investors.
D. Investigate and describe the determinants and distribution of disease, disability, or health outcomes. May develop the means for prevention and control.
|
B
|
1_1
|
business_finance/occupation_ontology
|
industrial-organizational psychologist
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_19303200
|
1_1_dk3vo23d
|
In the ontology of Gender, Sex, and Sexual Orientation, which of the following definitions best describes 'lexicography'?
|
A. A subfield of lexicology which looks at what a particular language contributes to its vocabulary, such as grammars.
B. The broad study of words regardless of a language's specific properties. It is concerned with linguistic features that are common among all languages, such as phonemes and morphemes.
C. A subfield of lexicology which is devoted to the evolution of words and word-formation over time. It investigates the origins of a word and the ways in which its structure, meaning, and usage have since changed.
D. The study of language lexicons, either in a practical sense or in a theoretical sense, in relationship to dictionaries.
|
D
|
1_1
|
sciences/gsso_ontology
|
lexicography
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_011030
|
1_1_dquz3ksg
|
In the ontology of Software, which of the following definitions best describes 'ontoTools'?
|
A. Spot segmentation via model-based clustering and gridding for blocks within microarray slides
B. tools for working with ontologies and graphs
C. RNAither analyzes cell-based RNAi screens, and includes quality assessment, customizable normalization and statistical tests, leading to lists of significant genes and biological processes
D. altcdfenvs is a software package for alternative CDF environments (aka probeset mappings) and contains convenience data structures and functions to handle cdfenvs.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/software_ontology
|
ontoTools
|
http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swo/SWO_0000642
|
1_1_r95nl4pl
|
In the ontology of Cell, which of the following definitions best describes 'positive regulation of vesicle fusion'?
|
A. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore.
B. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of vesicle fusion.
C. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transport across blood-brain barrier.
D. Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue.
|
B
|
1_1
|
sciences/cell_ontology
|
positive regulation of vesicle fusion
|
http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031340
|
1_1_7lwnba8r
|
In the ontology of Addiction, which of the following definitions best describes 'gundi'?
|
A. A smokeless tobacco-containing product that is designed for oral use, in which leaf tobacco is air-cured, stemmed, sweetened and flavoured with sugar and liquorice, and cut or granulated into small strips of shredded tobacco
B. A smokeless tobacco-containing product that is designed for oral use, in which cured tobacco, coriander seeds, and other spices are fried separately and ground, then mixed with aromatic resinous oils to form a coarse powder.
C. A smokeless tobacco-containing product that is designed for oral use, composed of dried tobacco leaves, ash, cottonseed or sesame oil, water and sometimes gum which are rolled into balls.
D. A smokeless tobacco-containing product that is designed for oral use, in which tobacco leaves are crushed and boiled into a sticky, heavy black liquid, which is allowed to mature and seasoned with different ingredients (that vary according to region) to create a tobacco-based paste.
|
B
|
1_1
|
health_medicine/addiction_ontology
|
gundi
|
http://addictovocab.org/ADDICTO_0000956
|
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The task_categories "text2text-generation" is not in the official list: text-classification, token-classification, table-question-answering, question-answering, zero-shot-classification, translation, summarization, feature-extraction, text-generation, fill-mask, sentence-similarity, text-to-speech, text-to-audio, automatic-speech-recognition, audio-to-audio, audio-classification, audio-text-to-text, voice-activity-detection, depth-estimation, image-classification, object-detection, image-segmentation, text-to-image, image-to-text, image-to-image, image-to-video, unconditional-image-generation, video-classification, reinforcement-learning, robotics, tabular-classification, tabular-regression, tabular-to-text, table-to-text, multiple-choice, text-ranking, text-retrieval, time-series-forecasting, text-to-video, image-text-to-text, visual-question-answering, document-question-answering, zero-shot-image-classification, graph-ml, mask-generation, zero-shot-object-detection, text-to-3d, image-to-3d, image-feature-extraction, video-text-to-text, keypoint-detection, visual-document-retrieval, any-to-any, video-to-video, other
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