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2108.02668
|
Covariance Estimation and its Application in Large-Scale Online Controlled Experiments
|
During the last few decades, online controlled experiments (also known as A/B tests) have been adopted as a golden standard for measuring business improvements in industry. In our company, there are more than a billion users participating in thousands of experiments simultaneously, and with statistical inference and estimations conducted to thousands of online metrics in those experiments routinely, computational costs would become a large concern. In this paper we propose a novel algorithm for estimating the covariance of online metrics, which introduces more flexibility to the trade-off between computational costs and precision in covariance estimation. This covariance estimation method reduces computational cost of metric calculation in large-scale setting, which facilitates further application in both online controlled experiments and adaptive experiments scenarios like variance reduction, continuous monitoring, Bayesian optimization, etc., and it can be easily implemented in engineering practice.
|
[
"Statistics Archive->stat.AP",
"Statistics Archive->stat.ME"
] | 2021-08-05T15:04:50Z |
1904.09300
|
Merging galaxies in isolated environments I. Multiband photometry, classification, stellar masses, and star formation rates
|
Extragalactic surveys provide significant statistical data for the study of crucial galaxy parameters used to constrain galaxy evolution, e.g. stellar mass (M$_*$) and star formation rate (SFR), under different environmental conditions. These quantities are derived using manual or automatic methods for galaxy detection and flux measurement in imaging data at different wavelengths. The reliability of these automatic measurements, however, is subject to mis-identification and poor fitting due to the morphological irregularities present in resolved nearby galaxies (e.g. clumps, tidal disturbances, star-forming regions) and its environment (galaxies in overlap). Our aim is to provide accurate multi-wavelength photometry (from the UV to the IR, including GALEX, SDSS, and WISE) in a sample of $\sim$ 600 nearby (z<0.1) isolated mergers, as well as estimations of M$_*$ and SFR. We performed photometry following a semi-automated approach using SExtractor, confirming by visual inspection that we successfully extracted the light from the entire galaxy, including tidal tails and star-forming regions. We used the available SED fitting code MAGPHYS in order to estimate M$_*$ and SFR. We provide the first catalogue of isolated merging galaxies of galaxy mergers including aperture-corrected photometry in 11 bands (FUV, NUV, u, g, r, i, z, W1, W2, W3, and W4), morphological classification, merging stage, M$_*$, and SFR. We found that SFR and M$_*$ derived from automated catalogues can be wrong by up to three orders of magnitude as a result of incorrect photometry. Contrary to previous methods, our semi-automated method can reliably extract the flux of a merging system completely. Even when the SED fitting often smooths out some of the differences in the photometry, caution using automatic photometry is suggested as these measurements can lead to large differences in M$_*$ and SFR estimations.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2019-04-19T18:00:15Z |
1304.7428
|
Studies of the Be star X Persei during a bright infrared phase
|
We present multi-epoch photometric and spectroscopic near-infrared observations of the Be star X Persei in the JHK bands covering the wavelength range 1.08 to 2.35 micron. Combining results from our earlier studies with the present observations, it is shown that the equivalent widths and line fluxes of the prominent HI and HeI lines anti-correlate with the strength of the adjacent continuum. That is, during the span of the observations, the JHK broad band fluxes increase while the emission equivalent width values of the HI and HeI lines decrease (the lines under consideration being the Paschen and Brackett lines of hydrogen and the 1.7002 micron and 2.058 micron lines of helium). Such an anti-correlation effect is not commonly observed in Be stars in the optical; in the infrared this may possibly be the first reported case of such behavior. We examine different mechanisms that could possibly cause it and suggest that it could originate due to a radiatively warped, precessing circumstellar disk. It is also shown that during the course of our studies X Per evolved to an unprecedented state of high near-IR brightness with J, H, K magnitudes of 5.20, 5.05 and 4.84 respectively.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.SR"
] | 2013-04-28T04:40:18Z |
2204.13484
|
RIS-aided Joint Localization and Synchronization with a Single-Antenna Receiver: Beamforming Design and Low-Complexity Estimation
|
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs) have attracted enormous interest thanks to their ability to overcome line-of-sight blockages in mmWave systems, enabling in turn accurate localization with minimal infrastructure. Less investigated are however the benefits of exploiting RIS with suitably designed beamforming strategies for optimized localization and synchronization performance. In this paper, a novel low-complexity method for joint localization and synchronization based on an optimized design of the base station (BS) active precoding and RIS passive phase profiles is proposed, for the challenging case of a single-antenna receiver. The theoretical position error bound is first derived and used as metric to jointly optimize the BS-RIS beamforming, assuming a priori knowledge of the user position. By exploiting the low-dimensional structure of the solution, a novel codebook-based robust design strategy with optimized beam power allocation is then proposed, which provides low-complexity while taking into account the uncertainty on the user position. Finally, a reduced-complexity maximum-likelihood based estimation procedure is devised to jointly recover the user position and the synchronization offset. Extensive numerical analysis shows that the proposed joint BS-RIS beamforming scheme provides enhanced localization and synchronization performance compared to existing solutions, with the proposed estimator attaining the theoretical bounds even at low signal-to-noise-ratio and in the presence of additional uncontrollable multipath propagation.
|
[
"Electrical Engineering and Systems Science Archive->eess.SP"
] | 2022-04-28T13:17:21Z |
2103.16568
|
Perfect points of abelian varieties
|
Let $k$ be an algebraic extension of $\mathbb F_p$ and $K/k$ a regular extension of fields (e.g. $\mathbb F_p(T)/\mathbb F_p$). Let $A$ be a $K$-abelian variety such that all the isogeny factors are neither isotrivial nor of $p$-rank zero. We give a necessary and sufficient condition for the finite generation of $A(K^{perf})$ in terms of the action of $End(A)\otimes \mathbb Q_p$ on the $p$-divisible group $A[p^{\infty}]$ of $A$. In particular we prove that if $End(A)\otimes \mathbb Q_p$ is a division algebra then $A(K^{perf})$ is finitely generated. This implies the "full" Mordell-Lang conjecture for these abelian varieties. In addition we prove that all the infinitely $p$-divisible elements in $A(K^{perf})$ are torsion. These reprove and extend previous results to the non ordinary case. One of the main technical intermediate result is an overconvergence theorem for the Dieudonn\'e module of certain semiabelian schemes over smooth varieties.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG",
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2021-03-30T15:56:07Z |
2004.07344
|
From quasi-incompressible to semi-compressible fluids
|
A new concept of semi-compressible fluids is introduced for slightly compressible visco-elastic fluids (typically rather liquids than gasses) where mass density variations are negligible in some sense, while being directly controlled by pressure which is very small in comparison with the elastic bulk modulus. The physically consistent fully Eulerian models with specific dispersion of pressure-wave speed are devised. This contrasts to the so-called quasi-incompressible fluids which are described not physically consistently and, in fact, only approximate ideally incompressible ones in the limit. After surveying and modifying models for the quasi-incompressible fluids, we eventually devise some fully convective models complying with energy conservation and capturing phenomena as pressure-wave propagation with wave-length (and possibly also pressure) dependent velocity.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP",
"Mathematics Archive->math.MP",
"Physics Archive->math-ph"
] | 2020-04-15T21:15:22Z |
1809.02578
|
Quantifying Superpositions Between Quantum Evolutions
|
Quantum mechanics allows coherent superposition between different states of matter. This quality is responsible for major non-classical phenomena that occur in quantum systems. Beyond states, coherent superpositions are also possible between quantum evolutions. We characterize such superpositions here. A resource theoretic framework is developed to quantify superposition present in an arbitrary quantum evolution. In addition to characterization, the framework considers superposition as a quantum resource. This resource can be exploited to perform certain quantum tasks that are otherwise impossible. We identify maximally resourceful evolutions and demonstrate how these could enable one to implement arbitrary quantum operations and super-operations. We also discuss the roles of superposition to exhibit non-classical behaviors present in evolutions, for example, a-causality, temporal Bell correlations, and indefinite temporal and causal orders.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2018-09-07T17:06:03Z |
1907.01313
|
Mean hitting times of quantum Markov chains in terms of generalized inverses
|
We study quantum Markov chains on graphs, described by completely positive maps, following the model due to S. Gudder (J. Math. Phys. 49, 072105, 2008) and which includes the dynamics given by open quantum random walks as defined by S. Attal et al. (J. Stat. Phys. 147:832-852, 2012). After reviewing such structures we examine a quantum notion of mean time of first visit to a chosen vertex. However, instead of making direct use of the definition as it is usually done, we focus on expressions for such quantity in terms of generalized inverses associated with the walk and most particularly the so-called fundamental matrix. Such objects are in close analogy with the theory of Markov chains and the methods described here allow us to calculate examples that illustrate similarities and differences between the quantum and classical settings.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.MP",
"Physics Archive->math-ph",
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2019-07-02T12:05:14Z |
1401.5266
|
Subclasses of Presburger Arithmetic and the Weak EXP Hierarchy
|
It is shown that for any fixed $i>0$, the $\Sigma_{i+1}$-fragment of Presburger arithmetic, i.e., its restriction to $i+1$ quantifier alternations beginning with an existential quantifier, is complete for $\mathsf{\Sigma}^{\mathsf{EXP}}_{i}$, the $i$-th level of the weak EXP hierarchy, an analogue to the polynomial-time hierarchy residing between $\mathsf{NEXP}$ and $\mathsf{EXPSPACE}$. This result completes the computational complexity landscape for Presburger arithmetic, a line of research which dates back to the seminal work by Fischer & Rabin in 1974. Moreover, we apply some of the techniques developed in the proof of the lower bound in order to establish bounds on sets of naturals definable in the $\Sigma_1$-fragment of Presburger arithmetic: given a $\Sigma_1$-formula $\Phi(x)$, it is shown that the set of non-negative solutions is an ultimately periodic set whose period is at most doubly-exponential and that this bound is tight.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LO"
] | 2014-01-21T11:13:27Z |
2308.16516
|
Curvature-based Pooling within Graph Neural Networks
|
Over-squashing and over-smoothing are two critical issues, that limit the capabilities of graph neural networks (GNNs). While over-smoothing eliminates the differences between nodes making them indistinguishable, over-squashing refers to the inability of GNNs to propagate information over long distances, as exponentially many node states are squashed into fixed-size representations. Both phenomena share similar causes, as both are largely induced by the graph topology. To mitigate these problems in graph classification tasks, we propose CurvPool, a novel pooling method. CurvPool exploits the notion of curvature of a graph to adaptively identify structures responsible for both over-smoothing and over-squashing. By clustering nodes based on the Balanced Forman curvature, CurvPool constructs a graph with a more suitable structure, allowing deeper models and the combination of distant information. We compare it to other state-of-the-art pooling approaches and establish its competitiveness in terms of classification accuracy, computational complexity, and flexibility. CurvPool outperforms several comparable methods across all considered tasks. The most consistent results are achieved by pooling densely connected clusters using the sum aggregation, as this allows additional information about the size of each pool.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.AI",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2023-08-31T08:00:08Z |
astro-ph/0605190
|
A Prominent Accretion Disk in the Low-Hard State of the Black Hole Candidate SWIFT J1753.5-0127
|
We report on simultaneous XMM-Newton and RXTE observations of the stellar-mass black hole candidate SWIFT J1753.5-0127. The source was observed in the low-hard state, during the decline of a hard outburst. The inner accretion disk is commonly assumed to be radially truncated in the low-hard state, and it has been suggested that this property may be tied the production of steady, compact jets. Fits to the X-ray spectra of SWIFT J1753.5-0127 with a number of simple models clearly reveal a cool (kT ~ 0.2 keV) accretion disk. The disk component is required at more than the 8 sigma level of confidence. Although estimates of inner disk radii based on continuum spectroscopy are subject to considerable uncertainty, fits with a number of models suggest that the disk is observed at or close to the innermost stable circular orbit. Recently, an observation of GX 339-4 revealed a disk extending to the innermost stable circular orbit at L_X/L_Edd ~ 0.05; our results from SWIFT J1753.5-0127 may extend this finding down to L_X/L_Edd ~ 0.003 (d/8.5 kpc)^2 (M/Msun). We discuss our results within the context of low-luminosity accretion flow models and disk-jet connections.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2006-05-08T01:59:05Z |
1612.02132
|
A remark on the construction of centric linking systems
|
We give examples to show that it is not in general possible to prove the existence and uniqueness of centric linking systems associated to a given fusion system inductively by adding one conjugacy class at a time to the categories. This helps to explain why it was so difficult to prove that these categories always exist, and also helps to motivate the procedure used by Chermak when he did prove it.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.GR"
] | 2016-12-07T07:17:26Z |
1907.06222
|
Realization of Attractive Level Crossing via a Dissipative Mode
|
The new field of spin cavitronics focuses on the interaction between the magnon excitation of a magnetic element and the electromagnetic wave in a microwave cavity. In strong interaction regime, such interaction usually gives rise to the level anti-crossing for the magnonic and the electromagnetic mode. Recently, the attractive level crossing has been observed, and is explained by a non-Hermitian model Hamiltonian. However, the mechanism of the such attractive coupling is still unclear. Here we reveal the secret by using a simple model with two harmonic oscillators coupled to a third oscillator with large dissipation. We further identify this dissipative third-party as the invisible cavity mode with large leakage in the cavity-magnon experiments. This understanding enables designing dissipative coupling in all sorts of coupled systems.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2019-07-14T13:13:43Z |
0710.1583
|
Manin's conjecture for a quintic del Pezzo surface with A_2 singularity
|
Manin's conjecture is proved for a split del Pezzo surface of degree 5 with a singularity of type A_2.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG",
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2007-10-08T16:12:36Z |
1110.3380
|
Efficient Traffic Control of VoD System
|
It has been a challenging issue to provide digital quality multimedia data stream to the remote user through the distributed system. The main aspects to design the real distributed system, which reduce the cost of the network by means of reduce packet loss and enhanced over all system performance. Since the number of user increased rapidly in the network it posed heavy load to the video servers. The requested clients, servers are all distributed in nature and the data stream delivered to the user without error. In this work I have presented the performance of the video on demand server by efficient traffic control at real time with respect to incoming multirate traffic pattern . In this work, I present how the overall system performance gradually decreases when the client population sized in the clusters increase. This work indicated the load balancing required for the on demand video distributed system to provide efficient cost effective service to the local or remote clients.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.NI"
] | 2011-10-15T04:39:56Z |
1004.0216
|
Higgs effect in consistent Kaluza-Klein models with branes
|
We continue consideration of models where the Higgs effect is produced by the presence of 3-brane fluctuating in compact extra dimensions. The consistent examples of such models may be obtained from previously known solutions of 6D supergravity. The low-energy limit for these models coincides with a version of Higgs model written in terms of gauge-invariant supercurrent variables. We also elaborate on vortices in the Abelian version of the theory and show how vortices that are singular from the 4D point of view become allowed due to higher-dimensional resolution of singularity.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2010-04-01T19:34:00Z |
2110.13724
|
Quantum state engineering using weak measurement
|
State preparation via postselected weak measurement in three wave mixing process is studied. Assuming the signal input mode prepared in a vacuum state, coherent state or squeezed vacuum state, separately, while the idler input prepared in weak coherent state and passing the medium characterized by the second-order nonlinear susceptibility. It is shown that when the single photon is detected at one of the output channels of idler beam's path, the signal output channel is prepared in single-photon Fock state, single-photon-added coherent state or single-photon-added squeezed vacuum state with very high fidelity, depending upon the input signal states and related controllable parameters. The properties including squeezing, signal amplification, second order correlation and Wigner functions of the weak measurement based output states are also investigated. Our scheme promising to provide alternate new effective method for producing useful nonclassical states in quantum information processing.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2021-10-26T14:18:56Z |
1803.01838
|
Deformation of the EPRL spin foam model by a cosmological constant
|
In this article, we consider an ad-hoc deformation of the EPRL model for quantum gravity by a cosmological constant term. This sort of deformation has been first introduced by Han for the case of the $4$-simplex. In this article, we generalise the deformation to the case of arbitrary vertices, and compute its large-$j$-asymptotics. We show that, if the boundary data corresponds to a $4d$ polyhedron $P$, then the asymptotic formula gives the usual Regge action plus a cosmological constant term. We pay particular attention to the determinant of the Hessian matrix, and show that it can be related to the one of the undeformed vertex.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 2018-03-05T18:59:14Z |
1310.2698
|
Einstein-Yang-Mills theory : I. Asymptotic symmetries
|
Asymptotic symmetries of the Einstein-Yang-Mills system with or without cosmological constant are explicitly worked out in a unified manner. In agreement with a recent conjecture, one finds a Virasoro-Kac-Moody type algebra not only in three dimensions but also in the four dimensional asymptotically flat case.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2013-10-10T03:47:48Z |
2211.02267
|
Photoexcited state dynamics and singlet fission in carotenoids
|
We describe our dynamical simulations of the excited states of the carotenoid, neurosporene, following its photoexcitation into the 'bright' (nominally $1^1B_u^+$) state. We employ the adaptive tDMRG method on the UV model of $\pi$-conjugated electrons and use the Ehrenfest equations of motion to simulate the coupled nuclei dynamics. To account for the experimental and theoretical uncertainty in the relative energetic ordering of the nominal $1^1B_u^+$ and $2^1A_g^-$ states at the Franck-Condon point, we consider two parameter sets. In both cases there is ultrafast internal conversion from the 'bright' state to a 'dark' singlet triplet-pair state. We make a direct connection from our predictions to experimental observables by calculating the transient absorption. For the case of direct $1^1B_u^+$ to $2^1A_g^-$ internal conversion, we show that the dominant transition at ca. 2 eV, being close to but lower in energy than the $T_1$ to $T_1^*$ transition, can be attributed to the $2^1A_g^-$ component of $S_1$. Moreover, we show that it is the charge-transfer exciton component of the $2^1A_g^-$ state that is responsible for this transition, and not its triplet-pair component. We next discuss the microscopic mechanism of 'bright' to 'dark' state internal conversion, emphasising that this occurs via the exciton components of both states. Finally, we describe a mechanism whereby the strongly bound intrachain triplet-pairs of the 'dark' state may undergo interchain exothermic dissociation. We predict that this is only possible if the molecules are twisted in their ground states. The computational methodology underlying the calculations described here is explained in our companion paper, $\textit{Dynamical simulations of carotenoid photoexcited states using density matrix renormalization group techniques}$, D. Manawadu, D. J. Valentine, and W. Barford, $\textit{J. Chem. Theo. Comp.}$ (2023).
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.chem-ph"
] | 2022-11-04T05:34:58Z |
1908.05628
|
Nearly Optimal Measurement Scheduling for Partial Tomography of Quantum States
|
Many applications of quantum simulation require to prepare and then characterize quantum states by performing an efficient partial tomography to estimate observables corresponding to $k$-body reduced density matrices ($k$-RDMs). For instance, variational algorithms for the quantum simulation of chemistry usually require that one measure the fermionic 2-RDM. While such marginals provide a tractable description of quantum states from which many important properties can be computed, their determination often requires a prohibitively large number of circuit repetitions. Here we describe a method by which all elements of $k$-body qubit RDMs acting on $N$ qubits can be directly measured with a number of circuits scaling as ${\cal O}(3^{k} \log^{k-1}\! N)$, an exponential improvement in $N$ over prior art. Next, we show that if one is able to implement a linear depth circuit on a linear array prior to measurement, then one can directly measure all elements of the fermionic 2-RDM using only ${\cal O}(N^2)$ circuits. We prove that this result is asymptotically optimal, thus establishing an exponential separation between the number of circuits required to directly measure all elements of qubit versus fermion RDMs. We further demonstrate a technique to estimate the expectation value of any linear combination of fermionic 2-RDM elements using ${\cal O}(N^4 / \omega)$ circuits, each with only ${\cal O}(\omega)$ gates on a linear array where $\omega \leq N$ is a free parameter. We expect these results will improve the viability of many proposals for near-term quantum simulation.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2019-08-15T16:36:41Z |
2210.01700
|
Spin-orbit enhancement in Si/SiGe heterostructures with oscillating Ge concentration
|
We show that Ge concentration oscillations within the quantum well region of a Si/SiGe heterostructure can significantly enhance the spin-orbit coupling of the low-energy conduction-band valleys. Specifically, we find that for Ge oscillation wavelengths near $\lambda = 1.57~\text{nm}$ with an average Ge concentration of $\bar{n}_{\text{Ge}} = 5\%$ in the quantum well region, a Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling is induced, at all physically relevant electric field strengths, which is over an order of magnitude larger than what is found in conventional Si/SiGe heterostructures without Ge concentration oscillations. This enhancement is caused by the Ge concentration oscillations producing wave-function satellite peaks a distance $2 \pi/\lambda$ away in momentum space from each valley, which then couple to the opposite valley through Dresselhaus spin-orbit coupling. Our results indicate that the enhanced spin-orbit coupling can enable fast spin manipulation within Si quantum dots using electric dipole spin resonance in the absence of micromagnets. Indeed, our calculations yield a Rabi frequency $\Omega_{\text{Rabi}}/B > 500~\text{MHz/T}$ near the optimal Ge oscillation wavelength $\lambda = 1.57~\text{nm}$.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2022-10-04T15:53:52Z |
0707.1152
|
Quantum and Classical Variance in the Quantum Realm
|
This paper examines the variance of quantum and classical predictions in the quantum realm, as well as unexpected presence and absence of variances. Some features are found that share an indirect commonality with the Aharonov-Bohm and Aharonov-Casher effects in that there is a quantum action in the absence of a force. Variances are also found in the presence of a force that are more subtle as they are of higher order. Significant variances related to the harmonic oscillator and particle in a box periods are found. This paper raises the question whether apparent quantum self-inconsistency may be examined internally, or must be empirically ascertained. These inherent variances may either point to inconsistencies in quantum mechanics that should be fixed, or that nature is manifestly more non-classical than expected. For the harmonic oscillator it is proven that the second spatial moment is the same in QM and CM.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.gen-ph"
] | 2007-07-08T19:29:42Z |
hep-ph/9209279
|
Large Penguin effects in the CP Asymmetry of B0d ->pi+pi-
|
Penguin effects in the CP asymmetries of $B^0_d\rightarrow \pi^+\pi^-$ , $\bd\rightarrow\rho^{\pm}\pi^{\mp}$ and $\bd\rightarrow a^{\pm}_1 \pi^{\mp}$ are studied as function of the CKM unitarity triangle $\alpha$. Despite a fairly small penguin amplitude, it leads to quite sizable uncertainties in the determination of $\sin(2\alpha)$ from all but very large asymmetries. This effect is maximal for vanishing final state interaction phases, for which it can cause, for instance, an asymmetry of 40\%\ if $\alpha=\pi/2$.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 1992-09-24T21:48:00Z |
physics/0701034
|
The optical near-field of an aperture tip
|
We use fluorescent nanospheres as scalar detectors for the electric-field intensity in order to probe the near-field of an optical tip used in aperture-type near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM). Surprisingly, the recorded fluorescence images show two intensity lobes if the sphere diameter is smaller that the aperture diameter, as expected only in the case of vector detectors like single molecules. We present a simple but realistic, analytical model for the electric field created by light emitted by a NSOM tip which is quantitative agreement with the experimental data.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.optics"
] | 2007-01-03T10:56:24Z |
2006.04247
|
Vasconcelos' conjecture on the conormal module
|
For any ideal $I$ of finite projective dimension in a commutative noetherian local ring $R$, we prove that if the conormal module $I/I^2$ has finite projective dimension over $R/I$, then $I$ must be generated by a regular sequence. This resolves a conjecture of Vasconcelos. We prove a similar result for the first Koszul homology module of $I$. When $R$ is a localisation of a polynomial ring over a field $K$ of characteristic zero, Vasconcelos conjectured that $R/I$ is a reduced complete intersection if the module $\Omega_{(R/I)/K}$ of differentials has finite projective dimension; we prove this contingent on the Eisenbud-Mazur conjecture. The arguments exploit the structure of the homotopy Lie algebra associated to $I$ in an essential way. By work of Avramov and Halperin, if every degree $2$ element of the homotopy Lie algebra is radical, then $I$ is generated by a regular sequence. Iyengar has shown that free summands of $I/I^2$ give rise to central elements of the homotopy Lie algebra, and we establish an analogous criterion for constructing radical elements, from which we deduce our main result.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AC"
] | 2020-06-07T19:56:42Z |
gr-qc/9806005
|
Hamiltonian Formulation and Exact Solutions of Bianchi type-I Model in Conformal Gravity
|
We develop a Hamiltonian formulation of Bianchi type-I cosmological model in conformal gravity, i.e. the theory described by a Lagrangian which involves the quadratic curvature invariant constructed from the Weyl tensor, in four dimensions. We derive the explicit forms of the super-Hamiltonian and the constraint expressing the conformal invariance of the theory, and we write down the system of canonical equations. To seek out exact solutions to this system we add extra constraints on the canonical variables and we go through a global involution algorithm that possibly leads to the closure of the constraint algebra. This enables us to extract all possible particular solutions that may be written in closed analytical form. On the other hand, probing the local analytical structure we show that the system does not possess the Painleve property (presence of movable logarithms) and that it is therefore not integrable. We stress that there is a very fruitful interplay of local integrability-related methods such as the Painleve test and global techniques such as the involution algorithm. Strictly speaking, we demonstrate that the global involution algorithm has proven to be exhaustive in the search for exact solutions. The conformal relationship of the solutions, or absence thereof, with Einstein spaces is highlighted.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 1998-05-31T14:20:42Z |
2003.00217
|
NAS-Count: Counting-by-Density with Neural Architecture Search
|
Most of the recent advances in crowd counting have evolved from hand-designed density estimation networks, where multi-scale features are leveraged to address the scale variation problem, but at the expense of demanding design efforts. In this work, we automate the design of counting models with Neural Architecture Search (NAS) and introduce an end-to-end searched encoder-decoder architecture, Automatic Multi-Scale Network (AMSNet). Specifically, we utilize a counting-specific two-level search space. The encoder and decoder in AMSNet are composed of different cells discovered from micro-level search, while the multi-path architecture is explored through macro-level search. To solve the pixel-level isolation issue in MSE loss, AMSNet is optimized with an auto-searched Scale Pyramid Pooling Loss (SPPLoss) that supervises the multi-scale structural information. Extensive experiments on four datasets show AMSNet produces state-of-the-art results that outperform hand-designed models, fully demonstrating the efficacy of NAS-Count.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2020-02-29T09:18:17Z |
2305.16794
|
vFedSec: Efficient Secure Aggregation for Vertical Federated Learning via Secure Layer
|
Most work in privacy-preserving federated learning (FL) has been focusing on horizontally partitioned datasets where clients share the same sets of features and can train complete models independently. However, in many interesting problems, individual data points are scattered across different clients/organizations in a vertical setting. Solutions for this type of FL require the exchange of intermediate outputs and gradients between participants, posing a potential risk of privacy leakage when privacy and security concerns are not considered. In this work, we present vFedSec - a novel design with an innovative Secure Layer for training vertical FL securely and efficiently using state-of-the-art security modules in secure aggregation. We theoretically demonstrate that our method does not impact the training performance while protecting private data effectively. Empirically results also show its applicability with extensive experiments that our design can achieve the protection with negligible computation and communication overhead. Also, our method can obtain 9.1e2 ~ 3.8e4 speedup compared to widely-adopted homomorphic encryption (HE) method.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CR",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2023-05-26T10:17:36Z |
2110.07841
|
Optimal Needle Placement for Prostate Rotating-Shield Brachytherapy (RSBT)
|
Purpose: To present an efficient NEEdle Position Optimization (NEEPO) algorithm for prostate rotating shield brachytherapy (RSBT). With RSBT, the increased flexibility beyond conventional high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) due to the partially shielded radiation source has been shown by Adams et al. in 2020 to enable improved urethra sparing (23.1%), enhanced dose escalation (29.9%), or both, with 20 needles without NEEPO-optimized positions. Within this regime of improved dosimetry, we propose in this work that the benefits of RSBT can be maintained while also reducing the number of needles needed for the delivery. The goal of NEEPO is to provide the capability to further increase the dosimetric benefit of RSBT and to minimize the number of needles needed to satisfy a dosimetric goal. Methods: The NEEPO algorithm generates a needle pool for a given patient and then iteratively constructs a subset of needles from the pool based on relative needle importance as determined by total dwell times within needles. The NEEPO algorithm is based on a convex optimization formulation using a quadratic dosimetric penalty function, dwell time regularization by total variation, and a block sparsity regularization term to enable iterative removal of low-importance needles. RSBT treatment plans for 26 patients were generated using single fraction prescriptions with both dose escalation and urethra sparing goals, and compared to baseline HDR-BT treatment plans.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.med-ph"
] | 2021-10-15T03:51:25Z |
1812.01311
|
Quantum criticality on a chiral ladder: an $SU(2)$ iDMRG study
|
In this paper we study the ground state properties of a ladder Hamiltonian with chiral $SU(2)$-invariant spin interactions, a possible first step towards the construction of truly two dimensional non-trivial systems with chiral properties starting from quasi-one dimensional ones. Our analysis uses a recent implementation by us of $SU(2)$ symmetry in tensor network algorithms, specifically for infinite Density Matrix Renormalization Group (iDMRG). After a preliminary analysis with Kadanoff coarse-graining and exact diagonalization for a small-size system, we discuss its bosonization and recap the continuum limit of the model to show that it corresponds to a conformal field theory, in agreement with our numerical findings. In particular, the scaling of the entanglement entropy as well as finite-entanglement scaling data show that the ground state properties match those of the universality class of a $c = 1$ conformal field theory (CFT) in $(1+1)$ dimensions. We also study the algebraic decay of spin-spin and dimer-dimer correlation functions, as well as the algebraic convergence of the ground state energy with the bond dimension, and the entanglement spectrum of half an infinite chain. Our results for the entanglement spectrum are remarkably similar to those of the spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg chain, which we take as a strong indication that both systems are described by the same CFT at low energies, i.e., an $SU(2)_1$ Wess-Zumino-Witten theory. Moreover, we explain in detail how to construct Matrix Product Operators for $SU(2)$-invariant three-spin interactions, something that had not been addressed with sufficient depth in the literature.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el"
] | 2018-12-04T10:16:17Z |
1512.02257
|
Minimizing the Continuous Diameter when Augmenting Paths and Cycles with Shortcuts
|
We seek to augment a geometric network in the Euclidean plane with shortcuts to minimize its continuous diameter, i.e., the largest network distance between any two points on the augmented network. Unlike in the discrete setting where a shortcut connects two vertices and the diameter is measured between vertices, we take all points along the edges of the network into account when placing a shortcut and when measuring distances in the augmented network. We study this network augmentation problem for paths and cycles. For paths, we determine an optimal shortcut in linear time. For cycles, we show that a single shortcut never decreases the continuous diameter and that two shortcuts always suffice to reduce the continuous diameter. Furthermore, we characterize optimal pairs of shortcuts for convex and non-convex cycles. Finally, we develop a linear time algorithm that produces an optimal pair of shortcuts for convex cycles. Apart from the algorithms, our results extend to rectifiable curves. Our work reveals some of the underlying challenges that must be overcome when addressing the discrete version of this network augmentation problem, where we minimize the discrete diameter of a network with shortcuts that connect only vertices.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CG"
] | 2015-12-07T21:44:54Z |
2303.10911
|
Chiral surface and hinge states in higher-order Weyl semimetallic circuits
|
We propose a 3D topolectrical (TE) network that can be tuned to realize various higher-order topological gapless and chiral phases. We first study a higher-order Dirac semimetal phase that exhibits a hinge-like Fermi arc linking the Dirac points. This circuit can be extended to host highly tunable first- and second-order Weyl semimetal phases by introducing a non-reciprocal resistive coupling in the x-y plane that breaks time reversal symmetry. The first- and second-order Weyl points are connected by zero-admittance surface and hinge states, respectively. We also study the emergence of first- and second-order chiral modes induced by resistive couplings between similar nodes in the z-direction. These modes respectively occur in the midgap of the surface and hinge admittance bands in our circuit model without the need for any external magnetic field.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall",
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mtrl-sci"
] | 2023-03-20T07:05:40Z |
2311.11867
|
Josephson junction \pi-0 transition induced by orbital hybridization in a double quantum dot
|
In this work, we manipulate the phase shift of a Josephson junction using a parallel double quantum dot (QD). By employing a superconducting quantum interference device, we determine how orbital hybridization and detuning affect the current-phase relation in the Coulomb blockade regime. For weak hybridization between the QDs, we find $\pi$ junction characteristics if at least one QD has an unpaired electron. Notably the critical current is higher when both QDs have an odd electron occupation. By increasing the inter-QD hybridization the critical current is reduced, until eventually a $\pi$-0 transition occurs. A similar transition appears when detuning the QD levels at finite hybridization. Based on a zero-bandwidth model, we argue that both cases of phase-shift transitions can be understood considering an increased weight of states with a double occupancy in the ground state and with the Cooper pair transport dominated by local Andreev reflection.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall",
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.supr-con"
] | 2023-11-20T16:04:50Z |
1109.1507
|
On the Symmetric Feedback Capacity of the K-user Cyclic Z-Interference Channel
|
The K-user cyclic Z-interference channel models a situation in which the kth transmitter causes interference only to the (k-1)th receiver in a cyclic manner, e.g., the first transmitter causes interference only to the Kth receiver. The impact of noiseless feedback on the capacity of this channel is studied by focusing on the Gaussian cyclic Z-interference channel. To this end, the symmetric feedback capacity of the linear shift deterministic cyclic Z-interference channel (LD-CZIC) is completely characterized for all interference regimes. Using insights from the linear deterministic channel model, the symmetric feedback capacity of the Gaussian cyclic Z-interference channel is characterized up to within a constant number of bits. As a byproduct of the constant gap result, the symmetric generalized degrees of freedom with feedback for the Gaussian cyclic Z-interference channel are also characterized. These results highlight that the symmetric feedback capacities for both linear and Gaussian channel models are in general functions of K, the number of users. Furthermore, the capacity gain obtained due to feedback decreases as K increases.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2011-09-07T16:29:09Z |
1209.3748
|
Detecting External Electron Spins Using Nitrogen-Vacancy Centers
|
Near-surface nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers have been created in diamond through low energy implantation of 15N to sense electron spins that are external to the diamond. By performing double resonance experiments, we have verified the presence of g=2 spins on a diamond crystal that was subjected to various surface treatments, including coating with a polymer film containing the free radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Subsequent acid cleaning eliminated the spin signal without otherwise disrupting the NV center, providing strong evidence that the spins were at the surface. A clear correlation was observed between the size of the detected spin signal and the relaxation time T2 for the six NV centers studied. We have developed a model that takes into account the finite correlation time of the fluctuating magnetic fields generated by the external spins, and used it to infer the signal strength and correlation time of the magnetic fields from these spins. This model also highlights the sensitivity advantage of active manipulation of the longitudinal spin component via double resonance over passive detection schemes that measure the transverse component of spin.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2012-09-17T18:45:56Z |
1601.01682
|
An ALMA view of the interstellar medium of the z=4.77 lensed starburst SPT-S J213242-5802.9
|
We present ALMA detections of the [NII] 205$\mu$m and CO(12-11) emission lines, and the tentative detection of [CI] $^3$P$_1$ - $^3$P$_0$ for the strongly lensed ($\mu$=5.7$\pm$0.5) dusty, star-forming galaxy SPT-S J213242-5802.9 (hereafter SPT2132-58) at z=4.77. The [NII] and CO(12-11) lines are detected at 11.5 and 8.5 $\sigma$ level, respectively, by our band-6 observations. The [CI] line is detected at 3.2 $\sigma$ after a re-analysis of existing band-3 data. The [CI] luminosity implies a gas mass of 3.8$\pm$1.2$\times$10$^{10}$ M$_\odot$, and consequently a very short depletion timescale of 34$\pm$13 Myr and a CO-luminosity-to-gas-mass conversion factor $\alpha_{\rm CO}$ of 1.0$\pm$0.3 M$_\odot$ (K km s$^{-1}$ pc$^{2}$)$^{-1}$. SPT2132-58 is an extreme starburst with an intrinsic star formation rate of 1100$\pm$200 M$_\odot$/yr. We find a [CII]/[NII] ratio of 26$\pm$7, which is the highest reported at z$>$4. This suggests that SPT2132-58 hosts an evolved interstellar medium (0.5 Z$_\odot$<Z<1.5 Z$_\odot$), which may be dominated by photodissociation regions. The CO(2-1) and CO(5-4) transitions have lower CO-to-far-infrared ratios than local and high-redshift samples, while CO(12-11) is similar to these samples, suggesting the presence of an additional very excited component or an AGN.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2016-01-07T21:00:01Z |
2303.03164
|
Mining archival data from wide-field astronomical surveys in search of near-Earth objects
|
Increasing our knowledge of the orbits and compositions of Near-Earth Objects (NEOs) is important for a better understanding of the evolution of the Solar System and of life. The detection of serendipitous NEO appearances among the millions of archived exposures from large astronomical imaging surveys can provide a contribution which is complementary to NEO surveys. Using the AstroWISE information system, this work aims to assess the detectability rate, the achieved recovery rate and the quality of astrometry when data mining the ESO archive for the OmegaCAM wide-field imager at the VST. We developed an automatic pipeline that searches for the NEO appearances inside the AstroWISE environment. Throughout the recovery process, the pipeline uses several public web-tools to identify possible images that overlap with the position of NEOs, and acquires information on the NEOs predicted position and other properties (e.g., magnitude, rate and direction of motion) at the time of observations. We have recovered 196 appearances of NEOs from a set of 968 appearances predicted to be recoverable. It includes appearances for three NEOs which were on the impact risk list at that point. These appearances were well before their discovery. The subsequent risk assessment using the extracted astrometry removes these NEOs from the risk list. We estimate a detectability rate of 0.05 per NEO at an SNR>3 for NEOs in the OmegaCAM archive. Our automatic recovery rates are 40% and 20% for NEOs on the risk list and the full list, respectively. The achieved astrometric and photometric accuracy is on average 0.12 arcsec and 0.1 mag. These results show the high potential of the archival imaging data of the ground-based wide-field surveys as useful instruments for the search, (p)recovery and characterization of NEOs. Highly automated approaches, as possible using AstroWISE, make this undertaking feasible.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.EP",
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.IM"
] | 2023-03-06T14:26:40Z |
1912.11733
|
Strong coupling $\alpha_s(m_Z)$ extraction from a combined NNLO analysis of inclusive electroweak boson cross sections at hadron colliders
|
The inclusive cross sections of W$^+$, W$^-$, and Z boson production from 34 different measurements performed in proton-(anti)proton collisions at center-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s}$ = 1.8--13 TeV, are compared to perturbative QCD calculations at next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) accuracy with four sets of parton distributions functions (CT14, HERAPDF2.0, MMHT14, and NNPDF3.0 PDFs) and varying values of the strong coupling constant at the Z mass pole, $\alpha_s(m_Z)$. The data-theory agreement is good within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties, with the CT14 and MMHT14 parton densities providing the most overall consistent description of all cross section data. A value of $\alpha_s(m_Z) = 0.1188^{+0.0019}_{-0.0013}$ is extracted from a combined fit of the 28 experimental LHC measurements to the corresponding NNLO theoretical predictions obtained with the MMHT14 PDF set, which provides the most robust and stable QCD coupling extraction of this analysis.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ex",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2019-12-26T00:27:13Z |
2201.02159
|
Continuous functions with impermeable graphs
|
We construct a H\"older continuous function on the unit interval which coincides in uncountably (in fact continuum) many points with every function of total variation smaller than 1 passing through the origin. We say that a function with this property has impermeable graph, and we present further examples of functions both with permeable and impermeable graphs. The first example function is subsequently used to construct an example of a continuous function on the plane which is intrinsically Lipschitz continuous on the complement of the graph of a H\"older continuous function with impermeable graph, but which is not Lipschitz continuous on the plane. As another main result we construct a continuous function on the unit interval which coincides in a set of Hausdorff dimension 1 with every function of total variation smaller than 1 which passes through the origin.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CA"
] | 2022-01-06T17:59:47Z |
astro-ph/0010151
|
The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment. Stellar Distance Indicators in the Magellanic Clouds and Constraints on the Magellanic Cloud Distance Scale
|
BVI photometry of the Magellanic Clouds collected during the OGLE-II microlensing experiment makes it possible to study in detail photometric properties of the "major" stellar distance indicators in the Magellanic Clouds. In addition to Cepheids, RR Lyr and red clump stars, which photometry was presented in the earlier OGLE papers, we present the so far most accurate determination of brightness of the tip of the red giant branch in the LMC and SMC. We analyze the ratios of brightness of all four distance indicators in the LMC and SMC. Additionally, we include in our analysis, when possible, photometric data of the distance indicators in the metal poor Carina dwarf galaxy for which photometry was also collected during the OGLE-II experiment. The analysis is largely differential, free from zero point and extinction uncertainties. The main conclusion is that the distance scales resulting from all four stellar distance indicators are fully consistent with each other. Therefore the distance scale problem is not a problem resulting from different distances yielded by distance indicators, but rather a problem of the proper zero point of this common distance scale. All four stellar distance indicators have to be treated as an ensemble, and any determination of the zero point for one of them must predict reasonable luminosities of the others. This puts strong constraints on many proposed calibrations of distance indicators. For example, very bright calibrations of Cepheids or RR Lyr can practically be ruled out. (Abridged).
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2000-10-07T09:34:13Z |
2209.02730
|
Neutrino masses, flavor anomalies and muon $\boldsymbol{g-2}$ from dark loops
|
The lepton sector of the Standard Model is at present haunted by several intriguing anomalies, including an emerging pattern of deviations in $b \to s \ell \ell$ processes, with hints of lepton flavor universality violation, and a discrepancy in the muon anomalous magnetic moment. More importantly, it cannot explain neutrino oscillation data, which necessarily imply the existence of non-zero neutrino masses and lepton mixings. We propose a model that accommodates all the aforecited anomalies, induces neutrino masses and provides a testable dark matter candidate. This is achieved by introducing a dark sector contributing to the observables of interest at the 1-loop level. Our setup provides a very economical explanation to all these open questions in particle physics and is compatible with the current experimental constraints.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2022-09-06T18:00:06Z |
1608.07150
|
Caract\`eres automorphes d'un groupe r\'eductif
|
Let $G$ be a reductive group defined over a number field. Denote $Z(\hat G)$ the center of the dual group. Langlands has defined some homomorphism from some cohomology group of $Z(\hat G)$ into the group of automorphic characters of $G$. We prove that it is bijective.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.RT"
] | 2016-08-25T13:55:35Z |
2204.05461
|
Discovery of ATLAS17jrp as an Optical, X-ray and Infrared Bright TDE in a Star-forming Galaxy
|
We hereby report the discovery of ATLAS17jrp as an extraordinary TDE in star-forming galaxy SDSSJ162034.99+240726.5 in our recent sample of mid-infrared outbursts in nearby galaxies. Its optical/UV light curves rise to a peak luminosity $\sim1.06\times10^{44}\rm\,erg\,s^{-1}$ in about a month and then decay as $\rm t^{-5/3}$ with a roughly constant temperature around 19000~K, and the optical spectra show a blue continuum and very broad Balmer lines with FWHM$\sim$15000 km/s which gradually narrowed to 1400 km/s within 4 years, all agreeing well with other optical TDEs. A delayed and rapidly rising X-ray flare with a peak luminosity $\rm \sim 1.27\times10^{43}\,erg\,s^{-1}$ was detected at $\rm \sim$ 170 days after the optical peak. The high MIR luminosity of ATLAS17jrp ($\sim2\times10^{43} \rm\,erg\,s^{-1}$) has revealed a distinctive dusty environment with covering factor as high as $\sim0.2$, that is comparable with that of torus in active galactic nuclei but at least one order of magnitude higher than normal optical TDEs. Therefore, ATLAS17jrp turns out to be one of the rare unambiguous TDE found in star-forming galaxies and its high dust covering factor implies that the dust extinction could play an important role in the absence of optical TDEs in star-forming galaxies.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2022-04-12T01:23:17Z |
1702.01968
|
Topology Optimized and 3D Printed Polymer Bonded Permanent Magnets for a Predefined External Field
|
Topology optimization offers great opportunities to design permanent magnetic systems that have specific external field characteristics. Additive manufacturing of polymer bonded magnets with an end-user 3D printer can be used to manufacture permanent magnets with structures that have been difficult or impossible to manufacture previously. This work combines these two powerful methods to design and manufacture permanent magnetic system with specific properties. The topology optimization framework is simple, fast, and accurate. It can be also used for reverse engineering of permanent magnets in order to find the topology from field measurements. Furthermore, a magnetic system that generate a linear external field above the magnet is presented. With a volume constraint the amount of magnetic material can be minimized without losing performance. Simulations and measurements of the printed system show a very good agreement.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.comp-ph"
] | 2017-02-07T11:45:44Z |
1607.08643
|
Effect of bars on the galaxy properties
|
Aims: With the aim of assessing the effects of bars on disc galaxy properties, we present an analysis of different characteristics of spiral galaxies with strong, weak and without bars. Method: We identified barred galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. By visual inspection, we classified the face-on spiral galaxies brighter than g<16.5 mag into strong-bar, weak-bar and unbarred. In order to provide an appropiate quantification of the influence of bars on galaxy properties, we also constructed a suitable control sample of unbarred galaxies with similar redshift, magnitude, morphology, bulge sizes, and local density environment distributions to that of barred galaxies. Results: We found 522 strong-barred and 770 weak-barred galaxies, representing a 25.82% of the full sample of spiral galaxies, in good agreement with previous studies. We also found that strong-barred galaxies show less efficient star formation activity and older stellar populations compared to weak-barred and unbarred spirals from the control sample. In addition, there is a significant excess of strong barred galaxies with red colors. The color-color and color-magnitude diagrams show that unbarred and weak-barred galaxies are more extended towards the blue zone, while strong-barred objects are mostly grouped in the red region. Strong-barred galaxies present an important excess of high metallicity values, compared to the other types, showing similar 12+log(O/H) distributions. Regarding the mass-metallicity relation, we found that weak-barred and unbarred galaxies are fitted by similar curves, while strong-barred ones show a curve which falls abruptly, with more significance in the range of low stellar masses (log[Mstar/Msun] < 10.0). These results would indicate that prominent bars produced an accelerating effect on the gas processing, reflected in the significant changes in the physical properties of their host.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2016-07-28T21:22:46Z |
2211.16234
|
SimCS: Simulation for Online Domain-Incremental Continual Segmentation
|
Continual Learning is a step towards lifelong intelligence where models continuously learn from recently collected data without forgetting previous knowledge. Existing continual learning approaches mostly focus on image classification in the class-incremental setup with clear task boundaries and unlimited computational budget. This work explores Online Domain-Incremental Continual Segmentation~(ODICS), a real-world problem that arises in many applications, \eg, autonomous driving. In ODICS, the model is continually presented with batches of densely labeled images from different domains; computation is limited and no information about the task boundaries is available. In autonomous driving, this may correspond to the realistic scenario of training a segmentation model over time on a sequence of cities. We analyze several existing continual learning methods and show that they do not perform well in this setting despite working well in class-incremental segmentation. We propose SimCS, a parameter-free method complementary to existing ones that leverages simulated data as a continual learning regularizer. Extensive experiments show consistent improvements over different types of continual learning methods that use regularizers and even replay.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2022-11-29T14:17:33Z |
2309.05194
|
Numerical study on mechanism of C-J deflagration
|
The mechanism of detonation instability and deflagration-to-detonation transition is studied by one-dimensional numerical simulation with overall one-step chemical reaction kinetics in this paper. The detonation is ignited at the left closed end of the one-dimensional detonation tube and propagates downstream. The activation energy is increased to trigger the instability of detonation. The numerical results show that the C-J detonation is stable at lower activation energy. The stable detonation does not have the von Neumann spike and the gas Mach number at detonation front is subsonic. The von Neumann spike appears and the gas Mach number becomes supersonic as the activation energy is increased. The detonation instability appears with the von Neumann spike synchronously. At very higher activation energy, the detonation quenches abruptly and degenerates into a C-J deflagration. The detonation is extinguished abruptly by the rarefaction wave induced by the higher von Neumann spike. Then the rarefaction wave moves in front of the heat release region and weakens the leading shock wave gradually. The C-J deflagration is composed of a precursor shock wave and a flame front, and the flame front is completely decoupled from the shock wave. The gas static temperature behind the leading shock wave is too low to ignite the mixture. The rarefaction wave from the wall ceases the mixture behind the leading shock, increases its static temperature and decrease its pressure. As a result, the combustion takes place at the interface. The pressure rise caused by the combustion at the interface offsets the influence of rarefaction wave, and this mechanism makes the C-J deflagration propagate downstream with a relatively constant velocity for a long time.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.flu-dyn"
] | 2023-09-11T02:13:57Z |
1312.3108
|
Maximal height of divisors of $x^{pq^{b}}-1$
|
The height of a polynomial $f(x)$ is the largest coefficient of $f(x)$ in absolute value. Let B(n) be the largest height of a polynomial in $\mathbb{Z}[x]$ dividing $x^n-1$. In this paper we investigate the maximal height of divisors of $x^{pq^b}-1$ and prove that some conjectures on the maximal height of divisors of $x^{pq^b}-1$ are true.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2013-12-11T10:45:53Z |
1706.08941
|
Hybrid Localized Spectral Decomposition for multiscale problems
|
We consider a finite element method for elliptic equation with heterogeneous and possibly high-contrast coefficients based on primal hybrid formulation. A space decomposition as in FETI and BDCC allows a sequential computations of the unknowns through elliptic problems and satisfies equilibrium constraints. One of the resulting problems is non-local but with exponentially decaying solutions, enabling a practical scheme where the basis functions have an extended, but still local, support. We obtain quasi-optimal a priori error estimates for low-contrast problems assuming minimal regularity of the solutions. To also consider the high-contrast case, we propose a variant of our method, enriching the space solution via local eigenvalue problems and obtaining optimal a priori error estimate that mitigates the effect of having coefficients with different magnitudes and again assuming no regularity of the solution. The technique developed is dimensional independent and easy to extend to other problems such as elasticity.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NA"
] | 2017-06-27T17:01:31Z |
1402.6297
|
Singular Value Decompositions for Single-Curl Operators in Three-Dimensional Maxwell's Equations for Complex Media
|
This article focuses on solving the generalized eigenvalue problems (GEP) arising in the source-free Maxwell equation with magnetoelectric coupling effects that models three-dimensional complex media. The goal is to compute the smallest positive eigenvalues, and the main challenge is that the coefficient matrix in the discrete Maxwell equation is indefinite and degenerate. To overcome this difficulty, we derive a singular value decomposition (SVD) of the discrete single-curl operator and then explicitly express the basis of the invariant subspace corresponding to the nonzero eigenvalues of the GEP. Consequently, we reduce the GEP to a null space free standard eigenvalue problem (NFSEP) that contains only the nonzero (complex) eigenvalues of the GEP and can be solved by the shift-and-invert Arnoldi method without being disturbed by the null space. Furthermore, the basis of the eigendecomposition is chosen carefully so that we can apply fast Fourier transformation (FFT)-based matrix vector multiplication to solve the embedded linear systems efficiently by an iterative method. For chiral and pseudochiral complex media, which are of great interest in magnetoelectric applications, the NFSEP can be further transformed to a null space free generalized eigenvalue problem whose coefficient matrices are Hermitian and Hermitian positive definite (HHPD-NFGEP). This HHPD-NFGEP can be solved by using the invert Lanczos method without shifting. Furthermore, the embedded linear system can be solved efficiently by using the conjugate gradient method without preconditioning and the FFT-based matrix vector multiplications. Numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NA"
] | 2014-02-25T20:08:16Z |
1608.03982
|
Search for doubly-heavy dibaryons in a quark model
|
We study the stability of hexaquark systems containing two heavy quarks and four light quarks within a simple quark model. No bound or metastable state is found. The reason stems on a delicate interplay between chromoelectric and chromomagnetic effects. Our calculation provides also information about anticharmed pentaquarks that are seemingly unbound in simple quark models.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->nucl->nucl-th"
] | 2016-08-13T13:38:49Z |
1710.04381
|
An Augmented Nonlinear LMS for Digital Self-Interference Cancellation in Full-Duplex Direct-Conversion Transceivers
|
In future full-duplex communications, the cancellation of self-interference (SI) arising from hardware non-idealities will play an important role in the design of mobile-scale devices. To this end, we introduce an optimal digital SI cancellation solution for shared-antenna-based direct-conversion transceivers. To establish that the underlying widely linear signal model is not adequate for strong transmit signals, the impact of various circuit imperfections, including power amplifier (PA) distortion, frequency-dependent I/Q imbalance, quantization noise and thermal noise, on the performance of the conventional augmented least mean square (LMS) based SI canceller, is analyzed. In order to achieve a sufficient signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) when the nonlinear SI components are not negligible, we propose an augmented nonlinear LMS based SI canceller for a joint cancellation of both the linear and nonlinear SI components by virtue of a widely nonlinear model fit. A rigorous mean and mean square performance evaluation is conducted to justify the performance advantages of the proposed scheme over the conventional augmented LMS solution. Simulations on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)-based wireless local area network (WLAN) standard compliant waveforms support the analysis.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2017-10-12T06:35:08Z |
2211.15123
|
WALLABY Pilot Survey: HI gas kinematics of galaxy pairs in cluster environment
|
We examine the HI gas kinematics of galaxy pairs in two clusters and a group using Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) WALLABY pilot survey observations. We compare the HI properties of galaxy pair candidates in the Hydra I and Norma clusters, and the NGC 4636 group, with those of non-paired control galaxies selected in the same fields. We perform HI profile decomposition of the sample galaxies using a tool, {\sc baygaud} which allows us to de-blend a line-of-sight velocity profile with an optimal number of Gaussian components. We construct HI super-profiles of the sample galaxies via stacking of their line profiles after aligning the central velocities. We fit a double Gaussian model to the super-profiles and classify them as kinematically narrow and broad components with respect to their velocity dispersions. Additionally, we investigate the gravitational instability of HI gas disks of the sample galaxies using Toomre Q parameters and HI morphological disturbances. We investigate the effect of the cluster environment on the HI properties of galaxy pairs by dividing the cluster environment into three subcluster regions (i.e., outskirts, infalling and central regions). We find that the denser cluster environment (i.e., infalling and central regions) is likely to impact the HI gas properties of galaxies in a way of decreasing the amplitude of the kinematically narrow HI gas ($M_{\rm{narrow}}^{\rm{HI}}$/$M_{\rm{total}}^{\rm{HI}}$), and increasing the Toomre Q values of the infalling and central galaxies. This tendency is likely to be more enhanced for galaxy pairs in the cluster environment.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2022-11-28T08:30:04Z |
1205.0322
|
Probing the existence and dynamics of Majorana fermion via transport through a quantum dot
|
We consider an experimentally feasible setup to demonstrate the existence and coherent dynamics of Majorana fermion. The transport setup consists of a quantum dot and a tunnel-coupled semiconductor nanowire which is anticipated to generate Majorana excitations under some conditions. For transport under finite bias voltage, we find that a subtraction of the source and drain currents can expose the essential feature of the Majorana fermion, including the zero-energy nature by gate-voltage modulating the dot level. Moreover, coherent oscillating dynamics of the Majorana fermion between the nanowire and the quantum dot is reflected in the shot noise via a spectral dip together with a pronounced zero-frequency noise enhancement effect. Important parameters, e.g. for the Majorana's mutual interaction and its coupling to the quantum dot, can be extracted out in experiment using the derived analytic results.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall",
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2012-05-02T04:49:22Z |
1106.0396
|
Measuring the W-Boson mass at a hadron collider: a study of phase-space singularity methods
|
The traditional method to measure the W-Boson mass at a hadron collider (more precisely, its ratio to the Z-mass) utilizes the distributions of three variables in events where the W decays into an electron or a muon: the charged-lepton transverse momentum, the missing transverse energy and the transverse mass of the lepton pair. We study the putative advantages of the additional measurement of a fourth variable: an improved phase-space singularity mass. This variable is statistically optimal, and simultaneously exploits the longitudinal- and transverse-momentum distributions of the charged lepton. Though the process we discuss is one of the simplest realistic ones involving just one unobservable particle, it is fairly non-trivial and constitutes a good "training" example for the scrutiny of phenomena involving invisible objects. Our graphical analysis of the phase space is akin to that of a Dalitz plot, extended to such processes.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2011-06-02T10:13:34Z |
2207.06002
|
Quasi Poisson structures, weakly quasi Hamiltonian structures, and Poisson geometry of various moduli spaces
|
Let G be a Lie group and g its Lie algebra. We develop a theory of quasi Poisson structures relative to a not necessarily non-degenerate Ad-invariant symmetric 2-tensor in the tensor square of g and one of general not necessarily non-degenerate quasi Hamiltonian structures relative to a not necessarily non-degenerate Ad-invariant symmetric bilinear form on g, a quasi Poisson structure being given by a skew bracket of two variables such that suitable data defined in terms of G as symmetry group involving the 2-tensor measure how that bracket fails to satisfy the Jacobi identity. The present approach involves a novel concept of momentum mapping and yields, in the non-degenerate case, a bijective correspondence between non-degenerate quasi Poisson structures and non-degenerate quasi Hamiltonian structures. The new theory applies to various not necessarily non-singular moduli spaces and yields thereupon, via reduction with respect to an appropriately defined momentum mapping, not necessarily non-degenerate ordinary Poisson structures. Among these moduli spaces are representation spaces, possibly twisted, of the fundamental group of a Riemann surface, possibly punctured, and moduli spaces of semistable holomorphic vector bundles as well as Higgs bundle moduli spaces. In the non-degenerate case, such a Poisson structure comes down to a stratified symplectic one of the kind explored in the literature and recovers, e.g., the symplectic part of a K\"ahler structure introduced by Narasimhan and Seshadri for moduli spaces of stable holomorphic vector bundles on a curve. In the algebraic setting, these moduli spaces arise as not necessarily non-singular affine not necessarily non-degenerate Poisson varieties. A side result is an explicit equivalence between extended moduli spaces and quasi Hamiltonian spaces independently of gauge theory.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG",
"Mathematics Archive->math.DG"
] | 2022-07-13T07:19:29Z |
0712.0713
|
All static spherically symmetric anisotropic solutions of Einstein's equations
|
An algorithm recently presented by Lake to obtain all static spherically symmetric perfect fluid solutions, is extended to the case of locally anisotropic fluids (principal stresses unequal). As expected, the new formalism requires the knowledge of two functions (instead of one) to generate all possible solutions. To illustrate the method some known cases are recovered.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph",
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 2007-12-05T13:17:29Z |
0905.4047
|
A Quantum Kirwan Map, I: Fredholm Theory
|
Consider a Hamiltonian action of a compact connected Lie group $G$ on an aspherical symplectic manifold $(M,\omega)$. Under some assumptions on $(M,\omega)$ and the action, D. A. Salamon conjectured that counting gauge equivalence classes of symplectic vortices on the plane $R^2$ gives rise to a quantum deformation $Q\kappa_G$ of the Kirwan map. This article is the first of three, whose goal is to define $Q\kappa_G$ rigorously. Its main result is that the vertical differential of the vortex equations over $R^2$ (at the level of gauge equivalence) is a Fredholm operator of a specified index. Potentially, the map $Q\kappa_G$ can be used to compute the quantum cohomology of many symplectic quotients. Conjecturally it also gives rise to quantum generalizations of non-abelian localization and abelianization (see [Woodward-Ziltener]).
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.SG"
] | 2009-05-25T16:34:06Z |
1711.09089
|
Design and Performance of the Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment
|
The Spin Asymmetries of the Nucleon Experiment (SANE) performed inclusive, double-polarized electron scattering measurements of the proton at the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility at Jefferson Lab. A novel detector array observed scattered electrons of four-momentum transfer $2.5 < Q^2< 6.5$ GeV$^2$ and Bjorken scaling $0.3<x<0.8$ from initial beam energies of 4.7 and 5.9 GeV. Employing a polarized proton target whose magnetic field direction could be rotated with respect to the incident electron beam, both parallel and near perpendicular spin asymmetries were measured, allowing model-independent access to transverse polarization observables $A_1$, $A_2$, $g_1$, $g_2$ and moment $d_2$ of the proton. This document summarizes the operation and performance of the polarized target, polarized electron beam, and novel detector systems used during the course of the experiment, and describes analysis techniques utilized to access the physics observables of interest.
|
[
"Physics Archive->nucl->nucl-ex",
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.ins-det"
] | 2017-11-23T03:13:11Z |
hep-ph/9612282
|
Semi-Analytical Approaches to Local Electroweak Baryogenesis
|
We examine two semi-analytical methods for estimating the baryon asymmetry of the universe (BAU) generated in scenarios of ``local'' electroweak baryogenesis (in which the requisite baryon number violation and CP violation occur together in space and time). We work with the standard electroweak theory augmented by the addition of a CP violating dimension six operator. We work in the context of a first order phase transition, but the processes we describe can also occur during the evolution of a network of topological defects. Both the approaches we explore deal with circumstances where the bubble walls which convert the high temperature phase to the low temperature phase are thin and rapidly moving. We first consider the dynamics of localized configurations with winding number one which remain in the broken phase immediately after the bubble wall has passed. Their subsequent decay can anomalously produce fermions. In a prelude to our analysis of this effect, we demonstrate how to define the C and CP symmetries in the bosonic sector of the electroweak theory when configurations with nonzero winding are taken into account. Second, we consider the effect of the passage of the wall itself on configurations which happen to be near the crest of the ridge between vacua as the wall arrives. We find that neither of the simple approaches followed here can be pushed far enough to obtain a convincing estimate of the BAU which is produced. A large scale numerical treatment seems necessary.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 1996-12-07T01:55:51Z |
1304.2134
|
Dynamical barriers of pure and random ferromagnetic Ising models on fractal lattices
|
We consider the stochastic dynamics of the pure and random ferromagnetic Ising model on the hierarchical diamond lattice of branching ratio $K$ with fractal dimension $d_f=(\ln (2K))/\ln 2$. We adapt the Real Space Renormalization procedure introduced in our previous work [C. Monthus and T. Garel, J. Stat. Mech. P02037 (2013)] to study the equilibrium time $t_{eq}(L)$ as a function of the system size $L$ near zero-temperature. For the pure Ising model, we obtain the behavior $t_{eq}(L) \sim L^{\alpha} e^{\beta 2J L^{d_s}} $ where $d_s=d_f-1$ is the interface dimension, and we compute the prefactor exponent $\alpha$. For the random ferromagnetic Ising model, we derive the renormalization rules for dynamical barriers $B_{eq}(L) \equiv (\ln t_{eq}/\beta)$ near zero temperature. For the fractal dimension $d_f=2$, we obtain that the dynamical barrier scales as $ B_{eq}(L)= c L+L^{1/2} u$ where $u$ is a Gaussian random variable of non-zero-mean. While the non-random term scaling as $L$ corresponds to the energy-cost of the creation of a system-size domain-wall, the fluctuation part scaling as $L^{1/2}$ characterizes the barriers for the motion of the system-size domain-wall after its creation. This scaling corresponds to the dynamical exponent $\psi=1/2$, in agreement with the conjecture $\psi=d_s/2$ proposed in [C. Monthus and T. Garel, J. Phys. A 41, 115002 (2008)]. In particular, it is clearly different from the droplet exponent $\theta \simeq 0.299$ involved in the statics of the random ferromagnet on the same lattice.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.dis-nn"
] | 2013-04-08T08:37:50Z |
hep-th/9403002
|
Schwinger's formula and the partition function for the bosonic and fermionic harmonic oscillator
|
We use Schwinger's formula, introduced by himself in the early fifties to compute effective actions for QED, and recently applied to the Casimir effect, to obtain the partition functions for both the bosonic and fermionic harmonic oscillator.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 1994-03-01T16:42:41Z |
0806.3472
|
Highest weight categories arising from Khovanov's diagram algebra II: Koszulity
|
This is the second of a series of four articles studying various generalisations of Khovanov's diagram algebra. In this article we develop the general theory of Khovanov's diagrammatically defined "projective functors" in our setting. As an application, we give a direct proof of the fact that the quasi-hereditary covers of generalised Khovanov algebras are Koszul.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO",
"Mathematics Archive->math.RT"
] | 2008-06-20T21:05:25Z |
2012.07523
|
Universal quantum transition from superconducting to insulating states in pressurized Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+{\delta} superconductors
|
Copper oxide superconductors have continually fascinated the communities of condensed matter physics and material sciences because they host the highest ambient-pressure superconducting transition temperature (Tc) and mysterious physics. Searching for the universal correlation between the superconducting state and its normal state or neighboring ground state is believed to be an effective way for finding clues to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the superconductivity. One of the common pictures for the copper oxide superconductors is that a well-behaved metallic phase will present after the superconductivity is entirely suppressed by chemical doping or application of the magnetic field. Here, we report a different observation of universal quantum transition from superconducting state to insulating-like state under pressure in the under-, optimally- and over-doped Bi2212 superconductors with two CuO2 planes in a unit cell. The same phenomenon has been also found in the Bi2201 superconductor with one CuO2 plane and the Bi2223 superconductor with three CuO2 planes in a unit cell. These results not only provide fresh information but also pose a new challenge for achieving a unified understanding on the underlying physics of the high-Tc superconductivity.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.supr-con"
] | 2020-12-14T13:53:22Z |
1710.07621
|
Physics Case for the 250 GeV Stage of the International Linear Collider
|
The International Linear Collider is now proposed with a staged machine design, with the first stage at 250 GeV with a luminosity goal of 2 ab-1. In this paper, we review the physics expectations for this machine. These include precision measurements of Higgs boson couplings, searches for exotic Higgs decays, other searches for particles that decay with zero or small visible energy, and measurements of e+e- annihilation to W+W- and 2-fermion states with improved sensitivity. A summary table gives projections for the achievable levels of precision based on the latest full simulation studies.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ex",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2017-10-20T17:35:27Z |
1705.08918
|
Unsupervised Learning Layers for Video Analysis
|
This paper presents two unsupervised learning layers (UL layers) for label-free video analysis: one for fully connected layers, and the other for convolutional ones. The proposed UL layers can play two roles: they can be the cost function layer for providing global training signal; meanwhile they can be added to any regular neural network layers for providing local training signals and combined with the training signals backpropagated from upper layers for extracting both slow and fast changing features at layers of different depths. Therefore, the UL layers can be used in either pure unsupervised or semi-supervised settings. Both a closed-form solution and an online learning algorithm for two UL layers are provided. Experiments with unlabeled synthetic and real-world videos demonstrated that the neural networks equipped with UL layers and trained with the proposed online learning algorithm can extract shape and motion information from video sequences of moving objects. The experiments demonstrated the potential applications of UL layers and online learning algorithm to head orientation estimation and moving object localization.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG",
"Statistics Archive->stat.ML"
] | 2017-05-24T18:22:41Z |
1806.07059
|
5G-CORNET: Platform as a Service
|
Practical testing of the latest wireless communications standards requires the availability of flexible radio frequency hardware, networking and computing resources. We are providing a Cloud-based infrastructure which offers the necessary resources to carry out tests of the latest 5G standards. The testbed provides a Cloud-based Infrastructure as a Service. The research community can access hardware and software resources through a virtual plat-form that enables isolation and customization of experiments. In other words, researchers have control over the preferred experimental architecture and can run concurrent experiments on the same testbed. This paper introduces the resources that can be used to develop 5G testbeds and experiments.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.NI"
] | 2018-06-19T06:14:00Z |
1711.01949
|
Bounded gaps between product of two primes in imaginary quadratic number fields
|
We study the gaps between products of two primes in imaginary quadratic number fields using a combination of the methods of Goldston-Graham-Pintz-Yildirim \cite{GGPY}, and Maynard \cite{MAY}. An important consequence of our main theorem is existence of infinitely many pairs $\alpha_1, \alpha_2$ which are product of two primes in the imaginary quadratic field $K$ such that $|\sigma(\alpha_1-\alpha_2)|\leq 2$ for all embedding $\sigma$ of $K$ if the class number of $K$ is one and $|\sigma(\alpha_1-\alpha_2)|\leq 8$ for all embedding $\sigma$ of $K$ if the class number of $K$ is two.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2017-11-06T15:19:19Z |
2004.00226
|
Synthesis and Edition of Ultrasound Images via Sketch Guided Progressive Growing GANs
|
Ultrasound (US) is widely accepted in clinic for anatomical structure inspection. However, lacking in resources to practice US scan, novices often struggle to learn the operation skills. Also, in the deep learning era, automated US image analysis is limited by the lack of annotated samples. Efficiently synthesizing realistic, editable and high resolution US images can solve the problems. The task is challenging and previous methods can only partially complete it. In this paper, we devise a new framework for US image synthesis. Particularly, we firstly adopt a sketch generative adversarial networks (Sgan) to introduce background sketch upon object mask in a conditioned generative adversarial network. With enriched sketch cues, Sgan can generate realistic US images with editable and fine-grained structure details. Although effective, Sgan is hard to generate high resolution US images. To achieve this, we further implant the Sgan into a progressive growing scheme (PGSgan). By smoothly growing both generator and discriminator, PGSgan can gradually synthesize US images from low to high resolution. By synthesizing ovary and follicle US images, our extensive perceptual evaluation, user study and segmentation results prove the promising efficacy and efficiency of the proposed PGSgan.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV",
"Electrical Engineering and Systems Science Archive->eess.IV"
] | 2020-04-01T04:24:01Z |
2302.05046
|
Information-Theoretical Approach to Integrated Pulse-Doppler Radar and Communication Systems
|
Integrated sensing and communication improves the design of systems by combining sensing and communication functions for increased efficiency, accuracy, and cost savings. The optimal integration requires understanding the trade-off between sensing and communication, but this can be difficult due to the lack of unified performance metrics. In this paper, an information-theoretical approach is used to design the system with a unified metric. A sensing rate is introduced to measure the amount of information obtained by a pulse-Doppler radar system. An approximation and lower bound of the sensing rate is obtained in closed forms. Using both the derived sensing information and communication rates, the optimal bandwidth allocation strategy is found for maximizing the weighted sum of the spectral efficiency for sensing and communication. The simulation results confirm the validity of the approximation and the effectiveness of the proposed bandwidth allocation.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Electrical Engineering and Systems Science Archive->eess.SP",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2023-02-10T04:26:13Z |
hep-ph/9709365
|
Neutrinos Properties Beyond the Standard Model
|
The present observational status of neutrino physics is sketched, with emphasis on the hints that follow from solar and atmospheric neutrino observations, as well as dark matter. I also briefly review the ways to account for the observed anomalies and some of their implications
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 1997-09-16T17:04:57Z |
1106.1215
|
Metastable state in a shape-anisotropic single-domain nanomagnet subjected to spin-transfer-torque
|
We predict the existence of a new metastable magnetization state in a single-domain nanomagnet with uniaxial shape anisotropy. It emerges when a spin-polarized current, delivering a spin-transfer-torque, is injected into the nanomagnet. It can trap the magnetization vector and prevent spin-transfer-torque from switching the magnetization from one stable state along the easy axis to the other. Above a certain threshold current, the metastable state no longer appears. This has important technological consequences for spin-transfer-torque based magnetic memory and logic systems.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2011-06-06T23:36:34Z |
hep-th/0406205
|
String excitation energies in SU(N) gauge theories beyond the free-string approximation
|
In the presence of a static quark--antiquark pair, the spectrum of the low-lying states in SU($N$) gauge theories is discrete and likely to be described, at large quark separations $r$, by an effective string theory. The expansion of the excitation energies in powers of $1/r$, which derives from the latter, involves an increasing number of unknown couplings that characterize the string self-interactions. Using open--closed string duality, we show that the possible values of the couplings are constrained by a set of algebraic relations. In particular, the corrections of order $1/r^2$ must vanish, while the $1/r^3$ terms (which we work out for the few lowest levels) depend on a single adjustable coupling only.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-lat",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2004-06-23T11:36:06Z |
0803.4064
|
On the Berg--Chen--Ismail theorem and the Nevanlinna-Pick problem
|
In 2002 C. Berg, Y. Chen, and M. Ismail found a nice relation between the determinancy of the Hamburger moment problem and asymptotic behavior of the smallest eigenvalues of the corresponding Hankel matrices. We investigate whether an analog of this statement holds for the Nevanlinna--Pick interpolation problem.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CA"
] | 2008-03-28T08:45:37Z |
2103.12837
|
An Approach for the Automation of IaaS Cloud Upgrade
|
An Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) cloud provider is committed to each tenant by a service level agreement (SLA) which indicates the terms of commitment, e.g. the level of availability of the IaaS cloud service.The different resources providing this IaaS cloud service may need to be upgraded several times throughout their life-cycle; and these upgrades may affect the service delivered by the IaaS layer. This may violate the SLAs towards the tenants and result in penalty as they impact the tenant services relying on the IaaS.Therefore, it is important to handle upgrades properly with respect to the SLAs.The upgrade of IaaS cloud systems inherits all the challenges of clustered systems and faces other, cloud specific challenges, such as size and dynamicity due to elasticity.In this paper, we propose a novel approach to automatically upgrade an IaaS cloud system under SLA constraints such as availability and elasticity.In this approach, the upgrade methods and actions appropriate for each upgrade request are identified, scheduled, and applied automatically in an iterative manner based on the vendors descriptions of the infrastructure components, the tenant SLAs, and the status of the system. The proposed approach allows new upgrade requests during ongoing upgrades, which makes it suitable for continuous delivery.In addition, it also handles failures of upgrade actions through localized retry and undo operations automatically.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.DC"
] | 2021-03-23T20:58:17Z |
1410.3037
|
Lower bounds for the complex polynomial Hardy--Littlewood inequality
|
The Hardy--Littlewood inequality for complex homogeneous polynomials asserts that given positive integers $m\geq2$ and $n\geq1$, if $P$ is a complex homogeneous polynomial of degree $m$ on $\ell_{p}^{n}$ with $2m\leq p\leq\infty$ given by $P(x_{1},\ldots,x_{n})=\sum_{|\alpha|=m}a_{\alpha }\mathbf{{x}^{\alpha}}$, then there exists a constant $C_{\mathbb{C},m,p}^{\mathrm{pol}}\geq1$ (which is does not depend on $n$) such that \[ \left( {\sum\limits_{\left\vert \alpha\right\vert =m}}\left\vert a_{\alpha }\right\vert ^{\frac{2mp}{mp+p-2m}}\right) ^{\frac{mp+p-2m}{2mp}}\leq C_{\mathbb{C},m,p}^{\mathrm{pol}}\left\Vert P\right\Vert , \] with $\Vert P\Vert:=\sup_{z\in B_{\ell_{p}^{n}}}|P(z)|$. In this short note, among other results, we provide nontrivial lower bounds for the constants $C_{\mathbb{C},m,p}^{\mathrm{pol}}$. For instance we prove that, for $m\geq2$ and $2m\leq p<\infty$, \[ C_{\mathbb{C},m,p}^{\mathrm{pol}}\geq2^{\frac{m}{p}}% \] for $m$ even, and \[ C_{\mathbb{C},m,p}^{\mathrm{pol}}\geq2^{\frac{m-1}{p}}% \] for $m$ odd. Estimates for the case $p=\infty$ (this is the particular case of the complex polynomial Bohnenblust--Hille inequality) were recently obtained by D. Nu\~nez-Alarc\'on in 2013.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.FA"
] | 2014-10-12T00:12:01Z |
2102.09235
|
A Mathematical Principle of Deep Learning: Learn the Geodesic Curve in the Wasserstein Space
|
Recent studies revealed the mathematical connection of deep neural network (DNN) and dynamic system. However, the fundamental principle of DNN has not been fully characterized with dynamic system in terms of optimization and generalization. To this end, we build the connection of DNN and continuity equation where the measure is conserved to model the forward propagation process of DNN which has not been addressed before. DNN learns the transformation of the input distribution to the output one. However, in the measure space, there are infinite curves connecting two distributions. Which one can lead to good optimization and generaliztion for DNN? By diving the optimal transport theory, we find DNN with weight decay attempts to learn the geodesic curve in the Wasserstein space, which is induced by the optimal transport map. Compared with plain network, ResNet is a better approximation to the geodesic curve, which explains why ResNet can be optimized and generalize better. Numerical experiments show that the data tracks of both plain network and ResNet tend to be line-shape in term of line-shape score (LSS), and the map learned by ResNet is closer to the optimal transport map in term of optimal transport score (OTS). In a word, we conclude a mathematical principle of deep learning is to learn the geodesic curve in the Wasserstein space; and deep learning is a great engineering realization of continuous transformation in high-dimensional space.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG",
"Statistics Archive->stat.ML"
] | 2021-02-18T09:37:49Z |
2310.05992
|
Controlled finite continuous frames
|
In this paper, we present controlled finite continuous frames in a finite dimensional Hilbert space and we study some properties of them. Parseval controlled integral frames are presented and we characterize operators that construct controlled integral finite frames.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.FA"
] | 2023-10-08T13:41:50Z |
0705.2316
|
On The Recently Discovered Pulsations From RX J1856.5-3754
|
An explanation of the recently discovered 7 s pulsations from the isolated neutron star RX J1856.5-3754 is presented. It is assumed that the real spin period of this source is $\approx1$ s, whereas the observed spin-modulation is caused by the presence of a nearly transverse, very low frequency drift waves in the pulsar magnetosphere. It is supposed that the period of the drift wave is equal to a recently observed one. The simulated lightcurve is plotted, the angular parameters are defined and the value of the pulsed fraction of only $\sim 1.2%$ is explained.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2007-05-16T09:54:15Z |
cond-mat/0005215
|
Interaction induced delocalisation for two particles in a periodic potential
|
We consider two interacting particles evolving in a one-dimensional periodic structure embedded in a magnetic field. We show that the strong localization induced by the magnetic field for particular values of the flux per unit cell is destroyed as soon as the particles interact. We study the spectral and the dynamical aspects of this transition.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el"
] | 2000-05-12T21:47:51Z |
1908.10069
|
Integral Calculus of One-Dimensional Functions: Personal Tasks and Samples
|
The interactive textbook is created for English-speaking students whose study on Mathematical Calculus is based on modern programs of Ukrainian higher educational institutions. It includes personal tasks and samples on ``Integral Calculus of One-Dimensional Functions'', one of the classic parts of Calculus course of the first year degree on technical specialities. All problems are the new ones; they were generated/tested by applying Wolfram Mathematica technologies. Guided by authors, at this textbook 20 video-lessons are available for on-line learning.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.HO"
] | 2019-08-27T08:06:58Z |
2308.02864
|
Observation constraints on scalar field cosmological model in Anisotropic universe
|
In this study, we have explored a scalar field cosmological model in the axially symmetric Bianchi type-I universe. In this study, our aim is to constrain the scalar field dark energy model in an anisotropic background. For this purpose, the explicit solution of the developed field equations for the model is determined and analysed. Constraints on the cosmological model parameters are established utilizing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) analysis and using the latest observational data sets of OHD, BAO, and Pantheon. For the combined dataset (OHD, BAO, and Pantheon), the best-fit values of Hubble and density parameters are estimated as $ H_{0} = 71.54\pm 0.28$, $\Omega_{m0}=0.2622\pm0.0021$ $\Omega_{\phi0} = 0.7331\pm0.0046$, and $\Omega_{\sigma 0} = 0.000162\pm0.000063$. The model shows a flipping nature and redshift transition occurs at $z_{t} = 0.6964^{+0.0136}_{-0.0006}$, and the present value of decelerated parameter is computed to be $q_{0} = -0.6964\pm0.028$ for the combined dataset. We have explored characteristics like the universe's age, particle horizon, deceleration parameter, and jerk parameter. The dynamical properties such as energy density $\rho_{\phi}$, scalar field pressure $p_{\phi}$, and equation of state parameter $\omega_{\phi}$ are analyzed and presented. We have also described the behavior of the scalar potential $V(\phi)$ and scalar fields. Furthermore, the authors also described the behavior of energy conditions in scalar-tensor cosmology. The scenario of the present accelerated expansion of the universe is described by the contribution of the scalar field.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 2023-08-05T12:29:36Z |
0704.3303
|
ASTROD I Charging Simulation and Disturbances
|
ASTROD I is planned as a single spacecraft mission. It will use interferometric and pulse ranging techniques between the spacecraft and ground stations, to make high precision measurements of the parameters that describe the solar system, and to test relativistic gravity with improved accuracy. At the heart of the spacecraft is a test mass, which the spacecraft will follow using a drag-free control system. The mission critically depends on maintaining the geodesic motion of the test mass. Charging of the test mass due to cosmic rays and solar particles will disturb its geodesic motion. We have modelled the charging process using the GEANT4 toolkit and a simplified, geometrical model and estimate that the ASTROD I test mass will charge positively, at a rate of 24 +/-7 e+/s, due to cosmic ray protons and alpha particles (3He and 4He) at solar minimum. We have used the results of this simulation to estimate the magnitude of disturbances associated with test mass charging, for the worst-case scenario, taking into account uncertainties in the model and potential charging contributions from minor cosmic-ray components.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2007-04-25T03:08:29Z |
1403.0104
|
Moduli spaces of bundles over non-projective K3 surfaces
|
We study moduli spaces of sheaves over non-projective K3 surfaces. More precisely, if $v=(r,\xi,a)$ is a Mukai vector on a K3 surface $S$ with $r$ prime to $\xi$ and $\omega$ is a "generic" K\"ahler class on $S$, we show that the moduli space $M$ of $\mu_{\omega}-$stable sheaves on $S$ with associated Mukai vector $v$ is an irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifold which is deformation equivalent to a Hilbert scheme of points on a K3 surface. If $M$ parametrizes only locally free sheaves, it is moreover hyperk\"ahler. Finally, we show that there is an isometry between $v^{\perp}$ and $H^{2}(M,\mathbb{Z})$ and that $M$ is projective if and only if $S$ is projective.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG",
"Mathematics Archive->math.CV"
] | 2014-03-01T16:20:01Z |
1410.7207
|
Generalized weights: an anticode approach
|
In this paper we study generalized weights as an algebraic invariant of a code. We first describe anticodes in the Hamming and in the rank metric, proving in particular that optimal anticodes in the rank metric coincide with Frobenius-closed spaces. Then we characterize both generalized Hamming and rank weights of a code in terms of the intersection of the code with optimal anticodes in the respective metrics. Inspired by this description, we propose a new algebraic invariant, which we call "Delsarte generalized weights", for Delsarte rank-metric codes based on optimal anticodes of matrices. We show that our invariant refines the generalized rank weights for Gabidulin codes proposed by Kurihara, Matsumoto and Uyematsu, and establish a series of properties of Delsarte generalized weights. In particular, we characterize Delsarte optimal codes and anticodes in terms of their generalized weights. We also present a duality theory for the new algebraic invariant, proving that the Delsarte generalized weights of a code completely determine the Delsarte generalized weights of the dual code. Our results extend the theory of generalized rank weights for Gabidulin codes. Finally, we prove the analogue for Gabidulin codes of a theorem of Wei, proving that their generalized rank weights characterize the worst-case security drops of a Gabidulin rank-metric code.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2014-10-27T12:44:55Z |
1206.2673
|
Moreau-Yosida approximation and convergence of Hamiltonian systems on Wasserstein space
|
In this paper, we study the stability property of Hamiltonian systems on the Wasserstein space. Let $H$ be a given Hamiltonian satisfying certain properties. We regularize $H$ using the Moreau-Yosida approximation and denote it by $H_\tau.$ We show that solutions of the Hamiltonian system for $H_\tau$ converge to a solution of the Hamiltonian system for $H$ as $\tau$ converges to zero. We provide sufficient conditions on $H$ to carry out this process.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP"
] | 2012-06-12T21:00:00Z |
2003.09581
|
Census of young stellar population in the Galactic H II region Sh2-242
|
We present here identification and characterization of the young stellar population associated with an active star-forming site Sh2-242. We used our own new optical imaging and spectroscopic observational data, as well as several archival catalogs, e.g., Pan-STARRS 1, $Gaia$ DR2, IPHAS, WIRCam, 2MASS, and $Spitzer$. Slit spectroscopic results confirm the classification of the main ionizing source BD+26 980 as an early-type star of spectral type B0.5 V. The spectrophotometric distance of the star is estimated as 2.08 $\pm$ 0.24 kpc, which confirms the source as a member of the cluster. An extinction map covering a large area (diameter $\sim$ 50') is generated with $H$ and $K$ photometry toward the region. From the map, three distinct locations of peak extinction complexes ($A_{V}$ $\simeq$ 7$-$17 mag) are identified for the very first time. Using the infrared color excess, a total of 33 Class I and 137 Class II young objects are classified within the region. The IPHAS photometry reveals classification of 36 H$\alpha$ emitting sources, which might be class II objects. Among 36 H$\alpha$ emitting sources, 5 are already identified using infrared excess emission. In total, 201 young objects are classified toward S242 from this study. The membership status of the young sources is further windowed with the inclusion of parallax from the $Gaia$ DR2 catalog. Using the optical and infrared color-magnitude diagrams, the young stellar objects are characterized with an average age of $\sim$ 1 Myr and the masses in the range 0.1$-$3.0 $M_\odot$. The census of the stellar content within the region is discussed using combined photometric and spectroscopic data.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA",
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.SR"
] | 2020-03-21T05:51:03Z |
1611.10140
|
A note on the real part of complex chromatic roots
|
A {\em chromatic root} is a root of the chromatic polynomial of a graph. While the real chromatic roots have been extensively studied and well understood, little is known about the {\em real parts} of chromatic roots. It is not difficult to see that the largest real chromatic root of a graph with $n$ vertices is $n-1$, and indeed, it is known that the largest real chromatic root of a graph is at most the tree-width of the graph. Analogous to these facts, it was conjectured in [8] that the real parts of chromatic roots are also bounded above by both $n-1$ and the tree-width of the graph. In this article we show that for all $k\geq 2$ there exist infinitely many graphs $G$ with tree-width $k$ such that $G$ has non-real chromatic roots $z$ with $\Re(z)>k$. We also discuss the weaker conjecture and prove it for graphs $G$ with $\chi(G)\geq n-3$.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2016-11-30T13:32:20Z |
0802.3178
|
Orbits and Masses in the T Tauri System
|
We investigate the binary star T Tauri South, presenting the orbital parameters of the two components and their individual masses. We combined astrometric positions from the literature with previously unpublished VLT observations. Model fits yield the orbital elements of T Tau Sa and Sb. We use T Tau N as an astrometric reference to derive an estimate for the mass ratio of Sa and Sb. Although most of the orbital parameters are not well constrained, it is unlikely that T Tau Sb is on a highly elliptical orbit or escaping from the system. The total mass of T Tau S is rather well constrained to 3.0 +0.15/-0.24 M_sun. The mass ratio Sb:Sa is about 0.4, corresponding to individual masses of M_Sa = 2.1+/-0.2 M_sun and M_Sb = 0.8+/-0.1 M_sun. This confirms that the infrared companion in the T Tauri system is a pair of young stars obscured by circumstellar material.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2008-02-21T18:03:36Z |
1412.1023
|
Degrees-of-Freedom Regions for $K$-User MISO Time-Correlated Broadcast Channel
|
In this paper, we study the achievable degrees-of-freedom (DoF) regions of the $K$-user multiple-input-single-output (MISO) time correlated broadcast channel (BC). The time correlation induces knowledge of the current channel state information at transmitter (CSIT) with an estimation error $P^{-\alpha}$, where $P$ is the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We consider the following two scenarios: $(i)$ $K$-user with $K$-antenna base station (BS) and $(ii)$ $3$-user with $2$-antenna BS. In case of symmetric DoF tuples, where all the users obtain the same DoF, we derive the total DoF equal to $\frac{K(1-\alpha)}{1+\frac{1}{2}+\cdots+\frac{1}{K}}+K\alpha$ for the first scenario and $\frac{3+\alpha}{2}$ for the second one. In particular, we provide the achievability schemes for these two DoF tuples. Nevertheless, we also consider the asymmetric case where one of the users is guaranteed {\it one} DoF, and provide the achievability scheme. Notably, the consistency of the proposed DoF regions with an already published outer bound , as well as with the Maddah-Ali-Tse (MAT), which assumes only perfect delayed CSIT, and the ZF beamforming schemes (perfect current CSIT) consents to the optimality of the proposed achievability schemes.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2014-12-02T19:05:23Z |
0712.3563
|
Calabi-Yau Metrics for Quotients and Complete Intersections
|
We extend previous computations of Calabi-Yau metrics on projective hypersurfaces to free quotients, complete intersections, and free quotients of complete intersections. In particular, we construct these metrics on generic quintics, four-generation quotients of the quintic, Schoen Calabi-Yau complete intersections and the quotient of a Schoen manifold with Z_3 x Z_3 fundamental group that was previously used to construct a heterotic standard model. Various numerical investigations into the dependence of Donaldson's algorithm on the integration scheme, as well as on the Kahler and complex structure moduli, are also performed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2007-12-20T20:47:31Z |
1411.4779
|
A half-space theorem for graphs of constant mean curvature $0<H<\frac{1}{2}$ in $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}$
|
We study a half-space problem related to graphs in $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}$, where $\mathbb{H}^2$ is the hyperbolic plane, having constant mean curvature $H$ defined over unbounded domains in $\mathbb{H}^2$.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.DG"
] | 2014-11-18T09:40:14Z |
1712.08012
|
Engineering Gaussian states of light from a planar microcavity
|
Quantum fluids of light in a nonlinear planar microcavity can exhibit antibunched photon statistics at short distances due to repulsive polariton interactions. We show that, despite the weakness of the nonlinearity, the antibunching signal can be amplified orders of magnitude with an appropriate free-space optics scheme to select and interfere output modes. Our results are understood from the unconventional photon blockade perspective by analyzing the approximate Gaussian output state of the microcavity. In a second part, we illustrate how the temporal and spatial profile of the density-density correlation function of a fluid of light can be reconstructed with free-space optics. Also here the nontrivial (anti)bunching signal can be amplified significantly by shaping the light emitted by the microcavity.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2017-12-21T15:26:42Z |
2010.03970
|
Quantum Nuclei at Weakly Bonded Interfaces: The Case of Cyclohexane on Rh(111)
|
The electronic properties of interfaces can depend on their isotopic constitution. One known case is that of cyclohexane physisorbed on Rh(111), in which isotope effects have been measured on the work function change and desorption energies. These effects can only be captured by calculations including nuclear quantum effects (NQE). In this paper, this interface is addressed employing dispersion-inclusive density-functional theory coupled to a quasi-harmonic (QH) approximation for NQE, as well as to fully anharmonic ab initio path integral molecular dynamics (PIMD). The QH approximation is able to capture that deuterated cyclohexane has a smaller adsorption energy and lies about 0.01 A farther from the Rh(111) surface than its isotopologue, which can be correlated to the isotope effect in the work function change. An investigation of the validity of the QH approximation relying on PIMD simulations, leads to the conclusion that although this interface is highly impacted by anharmonic quantum fluctuations in the molecular layer and at bonding sites, these anharmonic contributions play a minor role when analysing isotope effects at low temperatures. Nevertheless, anharmonic quantum fluctuations cause an increase in the distance between the molecular layer and Rh(111), a consequent smaller overall work function change, and intricate changes in orbital hybridization.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mtrl-sci",
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.chem-ph"
] | 2020-10-08T13:40:14Z |
math/0604625
|
In\'{e}galit\'{e}s de Harnack et Ph\'{e}nom\`{e}ne de Concentration
|
We proove some inequalities concerning the product, sup * inf for some elliptic operators of order 2 and 4. Using those inequalities and the concentration phenomena we can describe the asymptotic behavior of those PDE solutions.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP"
] | 2006-04-28T09:16:12Z |
1609.09332
|
Liouville theorems, Volume growth, and volume comparison for Ricci shrinkers
|
In this paper, we study volume growth, Liouville theorem and the local gradient estimate for $f$-harmonic functions, and volume comparison property of unit balls in complete noncompact gradient Ricci shrinkers. We also study integral properties of f-harmonic functions and harmonic functions on such manifolds.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP",
"Mathematics Archive->math.DG"
] | 2016-09-29T13:37:24Z |
1810.01552
|
On the theory of $M$-functions
|
We survey the value-distribution theory of zeta and $L$-functions, originated by H. Bohr, and developed further by Y. Ihara and others recently.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2018-10-03T00:53:15Z |
1801.02870
|
Magneto-mechanical Coupling in Thermal Amorphous Solids
|
Standard approaches to magneto-mechanical interactions in thermal magnetic crystalline solids involve Landau functionals in which the lattice anisotropy and the resulting magnetization easy axes are taken explicitly into account. In glassy systems one needs to develop a theory in which the amorphous structure precludes the existence of an easy axis, and in which the constituent particles are free to respond to their local amorphous surroundings and the resulting forces. We present a theory of all the mixed responses of an amorphous solids to mechanical strains and magnetic fields. Atomistic models are proposed in which we test the predictions of magnetostriction for both bulk and nano-film amorphous samples. The application to nano-films with emergent self-affine free interfaces requires a careful definition of the film 'width' and its change due to the magnetostriction effect.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.soft"
] | 2018-01-09T10:34:43Z |
1402.3635
|
Degree distributions for a class of Circulant graphs
|
We characterize the equivalence and the weak equivalence of Cayley graphs for a finite group $\C{A}$. Using these characterizations, we find degree distribution polynomials for weak equivalence of some graphs including 1) circulant graphs of prime power order, 2) circulant graphs of order $4p$, 3) circulant graphs of square free order and 4) Cayley graphs of order $p$ or $2p$. As an application, we find an enumeration formula for the number of weak equivalence classes of circulant graphs of prime power order, order $4p$ and square free order and Cayley graphs of order $p$ or $2p$.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2014-02-15T02:00:56Z |
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