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2.58k
DB06267
DB00227
344
267
Udenafil
Lovastatin
Udenafil is a new phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitor used to treat erectile dysfunction (ED). It has been approved in South Korea and will be marketed under the brand name Zydena. It is not yet approved for use in the U.S., E.U., or Canada.
Lovastatin, also known as the brand name product Mevacor, is a lipid-lowering drug and fungal metabolite derived synthetically from a fermentation product of _Aspergillus terreus_. Originally named Mevinolin, lovastatin belongs to the statin class of medications, which are used to lower the risk of cardiovascular disease and manage abnormal lipid levels by inhibiting the endogenous production of cholesterol in the liver. More specifically, statin medications competitively inhibit the enzyme hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) Reductase, which catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonic acid and is the third step in a sequence of metabolic reactions involved in the production of several compounds involved in lipid metabolism and transport including cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (sometimes referred to as "bad cholesterol"), and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL). Prescribing of statin medications is considered
The metabolism of Lovastatin can be decreased when combined with Udenafil.
46
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[ [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Rifampicin" ], [ "Rifampicin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Bosentan" ], [ "Bosentan", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Sildenafil" ], [ "Sildenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Macitentan" ], [ "Macitentan", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Lorcaserin" ], [ "Lorcaserin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Amiodarone" ], [ "Amiodarone", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Ethanol" ], [ "Ethanol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ], [ [ "Udenafil", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Vardenafil" ], [ "Vardenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lovastatin" ] ] ]
Udenafil (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Lovastatin (Compound) Udenafil can increase the metabolism of Rifampicin and Rifampicin can increase the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may decrease the serum concentration of Bosentan and Bosentan can increase the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may decrease the metabolism of Sildenafil and Sildenafil may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Macitentan and Macitentan may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Lorcaserin and Lorcaserin may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may decrease the metabolism of Amiodarone and Amiodarone may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil may increase the hypotensive activities of Ethanol and Ethanol may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin Udenafil (Compound) resembles Vardenafil (Compound) and Udenafil may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Vardenafil and Vardenafil may decrease the metabolism of Lovastatin
DB00869
DB12332
144
381
Dorzolamide
Rucaparib
Dorzolamide is a non-bacteriostatic sulfonamide derivative and topical carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor that treats elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) associated with open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. It works by blocking an enzyme in the ciliary process that regulates ion balance and fluid pressure in the eyes. Unlike oral CA inhibitors, dorzolamide has negligible effects of acid-base or electrolyte disturbances and other systemic adverse effects. First marketed in 1995, dorzolamide is available in ophthalmic solutions as monotherapy marketed as Trusopt or in combination with [timolol] as Cosopt PF.
Rucaparib is an anticancer drug and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor. PARP is an enzyme that plays an essential role in DNA repair. Rucaparib is proposed to work in several PARP-dependent and PARP-independent mechanisms of action; however, it causes a unique effect of synthetic lethality. By targeting the genetically-mutated cancer cells that lack a DNA repair mechanism, rucaparib causes cancer cell death and reduces tumour growth.[A18745,A31354] Rucaparib was granted FDA Breakthrough Therapy designation in April 2015 and accelerated approval in December 2016. The drug was later approved by the European Commission in May 2018. It is currently used to treat recurrent ovarian and prostate cancer in adults.[L42155,L42185]
The metabolism of Rucaparib can be decreased when combined with Dorzolamide.
46
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[ [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Rifapentine" ], [ "Rifapentine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Nilvadipine" ], [ "Nilvadipine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Erythromycin" ], [ "Erythromycin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Enalapril" ], [ "Enalapril", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Zafirlukast" ], [ "Zafirlukast", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Sildenafil" ], [ "Sildenafil", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ], [ [ "Dorzolamide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Salicylic acid" ], [ "Salicylic acid", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ] ] ]
Dorzolamide can increase the metabolism of Rifapentine and Rifapentine can increase the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the serum concentration of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine can increase the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Primidone and Primidone can increase the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the hypotensive activities of Nilvadipine and Nilvadipine may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may decrease the metabolism of Erythromycin and Erythromycin may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the hypotensive activities of Enalapril and Enalapril may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may decrease the metabolism of Zafirlukast and Zafirlukast may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the antihypertensive activities of Sildenafil and Sildenafil may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib Dorzolamide may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Salicylic acid and Salicylic acid may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib
DB01367
DB06262
56
694
Rasagiline
Droxidopa
Rasagiline is an irreversible inhibitor of monoamine oxidase and is used as a monotherapy in early Parkinson's disease or as an adjunct therapy in more advanced cases.
Droxidopa is a precursor of noradrenaline that is used in the treatment of Parkinsonism. It is approved for use in Japan and is currently in trials in the U.S. The racaemic form (dl-threo-3,4-dihydroxyphenylserine) has also been used, and has been investigated in the treatment of orthostatic hypotension. There is a deficit of noradrenaline as well as of dopamine in Parkinson's disease and it has been proposed that this underlies the sudden transient freezing seen usually in advanced disease. Though L-DOPS has been used in Japan and Southeast Asia already for some time, it is also currently in clinical trials at the phase III point in the United States (U.S.), Canada, Australia, and throughout Europe. Provided L-DOPS successfully completes clinical trials, it could be approved for the treatment of neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (NOH) as early as 2011.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Rasagiline is combined with Droxidopa.
48
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[ [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the hypertensive activities of {v}", "Levonordefrin" ], [ "Levonordefrin", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Levodopa" ], [ "Levodopa", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the hypertensive effects of {v}", "Methyldopa" ], [ "Methyldopa", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoetharine" ], [ "Isoetharine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Loss of consciousness" ], [ "Loss of consciousness", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Doxazosin" ], [ "Doxazosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Bupranolol" ], [ "Bupranolol", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Esmolol" ], [ "Esmolol", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Droxidopa" ] ], [ [ "Rasagiline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Arotinolol" ], [ "Arotinolol", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Droxidopa" ] ] ]
Rasagiline may increase the hypertensive activities of Levonordefrin and Levonordefrin (Compound) resembles Droxidopa (Compound) Rasagiline may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Levodopa and Levodopa (Compound) resembles Droxidopa (Compound) Rasagiline may increase the hypertensive effects of Methyldopa and Methyldopa (Compound) resembles Droxidopa (Compound) Rasagiline may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoetharine and Isoetharine (Compound) resembles Droxidopa (Compound) Rasagiline (Compound) causes Loss of consciousness (Side Effect) and Loss of consciousness (Side Effect) is caused by Droxidopa (Compound) Rasagiline may increase the hypotensive activities of Doxazosin and Doxazosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Droxidopa Rasagiline may increase the hypotensive activities of Bupranolol and Bupranolol may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Droxidopa Rasagiline may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Esmolol and Esmolol may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Droxidopa Rasagiline may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Arotinolol and Arotinolol may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Droxidopa
DB00838
DB06717
134
1,106
Clocortolone
Fosaprepitant
Clocortolone is a medium potency corticosteroid that is often used as a topical cream for the relief of inflammatory oand pruritic (itching) arising from steroid-responsive dermatoses of the scalp.
Fosaprepitant is an intravenously administered antiemetic drug. It is a prodrug of Aprepitant. It aids in the prevention of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy treatment.
The serum concentration of Fosaprepitant can be increased when it is combined with Clocortolone.
72
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[ [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Infection" ], [ "Infection", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Enzalutamide" ], [ "Enzalutamide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Flumethasone" ], [ "Flumethasone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Posaconazole" ], [ "Posaconazole", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olopatadine" ], [ "Olopatadine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Galantamine" ], [ "Galantamine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Mifepristone" ], [ "Mifepristone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Telaprevir" ], [ "Telaprevir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ], [ [ "Clocortolone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Diethylstilbestrol" ], [ "Diethylstilbestrol", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Fosaprepitant" ] ] ]
Clocortolone (Compound) causes Infection (Side Effect) and Infection (Side Effect) is caused by Fosaprepitant (Compound) Clocortolone may decrease the serum concentration of Enzalutamide and Enzalutamide may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone (Compound) resembles Flumethasone (Compound) and Flumethasone may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may increase the serum concentration of Posaconazole and Posaconazole may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Olopatadine and Olopatadine may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Galantamine and Galantamine may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Mifepristone and Mifepristone may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may decrease the serum concentration of Telaprevir and Telaprevir may increase the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant Clocortolone may increase the serum concentration of Diethylstilbestrol and Diethylstilbestrol may decrease the serum concentration of Fosaprepitant
DB01092
DB01182
1,348
1,318
Ouabain
Propafenone
A cardioactive glycoside consisting of rhamnose and ouabagenin, obtained from the seeds of Strophanthus gratus and other plants of the Apocynaceae; used like digitalis. It is commonly used in cell biological studies as an inhibitor of the NA(+)-K(+)-exchanging ATPase.
An antiarrhythmia agent that is particularly effective in ventricular arrhythmias. It also has weak beta-blocking activity. The drug is generally well tolerated.
The serum concentration of Propafenone can be increased when it is combined with Ouabain.
72
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[ [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the bradycardic activities of {v}", "Carvedilol" ], [ "Carvedilol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the bradycardic activities of {v}", "Bevantolol" ], [ "Bevantolol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the bradycardic activities of {v}", "Esmolol" ], [ "Esmolol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene)", "POLR2I" ], [ "POLR2I", "{u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound)", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of {v}", "Lapatinib" ], [ "Lapatinib", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Azithromycin" ], [ "Azithromycin", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of {v}", "Vandetanib" ], [ "Vandetanib", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Bendroflumethiazide" ], [ "Bendroflumethiazide", "{u} may increase the bradycardic activities of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ], [ [ "Ouabain", "{u} may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of {v}", "Lanreotide" ], [ "Lanreotide", "{u} may increase the bradycardic activities of {v}", "Propafenone" ] ] ]
Ouabain may increase the bradycardic activities of Carvedilol and Carvedilol may increase the serum concentration of Propafenone Ouabain may increase the bradycardic activities of Bevantolol and Bevantolol (Compound) resembles Propafenone (Compound) Ouabain may increase the bradycardic activities of Esmolol and Esmolol (Compound) resembles Propafenone (Compound) Ouabain (Compound) downregulates POLR2I (Gene) and POLR2I (Gene) is downregulated by Propafenone (Compound) Ouabain may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of Lapatinib and Lapatinib may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Propafenone Ouabain may increase the serum concentration of Azithromycin and Azithromycin may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Propafenone Ouabain may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of Vandetanib and Vandetanib may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Propafenone Ouabain may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Bendroflumethiazide and Bendroflumethiazide may increase the bradycardic activities of Propafenone Ouabain may decrease the cardiotoxic activities of Lanreotide and Lanreotide may increase the bradycardic activities of Propafenone
DB01175
DB09048
324
476
Escitalopram
Netupitant
Escitalopram is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the S-enantiomer of racemic [citalopram]. It is used to restore serotonergic function in the treatment of depression and anxiety.[L8513,L8516,L8522] Escitalopram is approximately 150 times more potent than citalopram’s R-enantiomer and is responsible for the vast majority of citalopram’s clinical activity, with some evidence suggesting that the R-enantiomer of racemic citalopram actively dampens the activity of escitalopram rather than existing simply as an inactive enantiomer.[A39738,A185819] Amongst SSRIs, escitalopram exerts the highest degree of selectivity for the serotonin transporter (SERT) relative to other off-targets which may explain its lower rates of adverse effects as compared to other agents in this class. Escitalopram also differentiates itself from
Netupitant is an antiemitic drug approved by the FDA in October 2014 for use in combination with palonosetron for the prevention of acute and delayed vomiting and nausea associated with cancer chemotherapy including highly emetogenic chemotherapy. Netupitant is a neurokinin 1 receptor antagonist. The combination drug is marketed by Eisai Inc. and Helsinn Therapeutics (U.S.) Inc. under the brand Akynzeo.
The serum concentration of Netupitant can be increased when it is combined with Escitalopram.
72
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[ [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Metoprolol" ], [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Isoniazid" ], [ "Isoniazid", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the hypoglycemic activities of {v}", "Tolbutamide" ], [ "Tolbutamide", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Paroxetine" ], [ "Paroxetine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Stiripentol" ], [ "Stiripentol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tranylcypromine" ], [ "Tranylcypromine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the serotonergic activities of {v}", "Oxycodone" ], [ "Oxycodone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Benzyl alcohol" ], [ "Benzyl alcohol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Erythromycin" ], [ "Erythromycin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Netupitant" ] ] ]
Escitalopram may increase the serum concentration of Metoprolol and Metoprolol may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may decrease the metabolism of Isoniazid and Isoniazid may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Tolbutamide and Tolbutamide may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Paroxetine and Paroxetine may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the serum concentration of Stiripentol and Stiripentol may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tranylcypromine and Tranylcypromine may decrease the metabolism of Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the serotonergic activities of Oxycodone and Oxycodone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Netupitant Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Benzyl alcohol and Benzyl alcohol may increase the serum concentration of Netupitant Escitalopram may decrease the metabolism of Erythromycin and Erythromycin may increase the serum concentration of Netupitant
DB00252
DB08930
142
1,670
Phenytoin
Dolutegravir
Phenytoin is classified as a hydantoin derivative and despite its narrow therapeutic index, it is one of the most commonly used anticonvulsants.[A33595,A188832,A189219] Since it's introduction about 80 years ago, phenytoin has not only been established as an effective anti-epileptic, but has also been investigated for several other indications such as bipolar disorder, retina protection, and wound healing.[A188826,A188832] Clinicians are advised to initiate therapeutic drug monitoring in patients who require phenytoin since even small deviations from the recommended therapeutic range can lead to suboptimal treatment, or adverse effects.[A189219,A35884] Both parenteral and oral formulations of phenytoin are available on the market.
Dolutegravir is an HIV-1 integrase inhibitor that blocks the strand transfer step of the integration of the viral genome into the host cell (INSTI). The effect of this drug has no homology in human host cells, which gives it excellent tolerability and minimal toxicity. Dolutegravir was developed by ViiV Healthcare and FDA-approved on August 12, 2013. On November 21, 2017, dolutegravir, in combination with rilpivirine, was approved as part of the first complete treatment regimen with only two drugs for the treatment of adults with HIV-1 named Juluca.
The serum concentration of Dolutegravir can be decreased when it is combined with Phenytoin.
74
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[ [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Headache" ], [ "Headache", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v} and {u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Ranolazine" ], [ "Ranolazine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Vemurafenib" ], [ "Vemurafenib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Atazanavir" ], [ "Atazanavir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Teriflunomide" ], [ "Teriflunomide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Phenobarbital" ], [ "Phenobarbital", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Tipranavir" ], [ "Tipranavir", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Magnesium sulfate" ], [ "Magnesium sulfate", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ], [ [ "Phenytoin", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dolutegravir" ] ] ]
Phenytoin (Compound) causes Headache (Side Effect) and Headache (Side Effect) is caused by Dolutegravir (Compound) Phenytoin may increase the serum concentration of Ranolazine and Phenytoin may decrease the serum concentration of Ranolazine and Ranolazine may increase the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may decrease the serum concentration of Vemurafenib and Vemurafenib may increase the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin can increase the metabolism of Atazanavir and Atazanavir may increase the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may decrease the metabolism of Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may increase the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Phenobarbital and Phenobarbital may decrease the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may decrease the serum concentration of Tipranavir and Tipranavir may decrease the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may increase the serum concentration of Magnesium sulfate and Magnesium sulfate may decrease the serum concentration of Dolutegravir Phenytoin may decrease the serum concentration of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine may decrease the serum concentration of Dolutegravir
DB00288
DB00677
114
686
Amcinonide
Isoflurophate
Amcinonide is a corticosteroid.
An irreversible cholinesterase inhibitor with actions similar to those of echothiophate. It is a powerful miotic used mainly in the treatment of glaucoma. Its vapor is highly toxic and it is recommended that only solutions in arachis oil be used therapeutically. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 29th ed, p1330)
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Amcinonide is combined with Isoflurophate.
48
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[ [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Flunisolide" ], [ "Flunisolide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Fludrocortisone" ], [ "Fludrocortisone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Estrone" ], [ "Estrone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Gallamine triethiodide" ], [ "Gallamine triethiodide", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Clarithromycin" ], [ "Clarithromycin", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Nefazodone" ], [ "Nefazodone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Mestranol" ], [ "Mestranol", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ], [ [ "Amcinonide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Boceprevir" ], [ "Boceprevir", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Isoflurophate" ] ] ]
Amcinonide may decrease the serum concentration of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine can increase the metabolism of Isoflurophate Amcinonide (Compound) resembles Flunisolide (Compound) and Flunisolide may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoflurophate Amcinonide (Compound) resembles Fludrocortisone (Compound) and Fludrocortisone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the serum concentration of Estrone and Estrone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Gallamine triethiodide and Gallamine triethiodide may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the serum concentration of Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the serum concentration of Nefazodone and Nefazodone may increase the serum concentration of Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the serum concentration of Mestranol and Mestranol may decrease the serum concentration of Isoflurophate Amcinonide may increase the serum concentration of Boceprevir and Boceprevir may decrease the serum concentration of Isoflurophate
DB00850
DB00177
525
239
Perphenazine
Valsartan
An antipsychotic phenothiazine derivative with actions and uses similar to those of chlorpromazine.
Valsartan belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) family of drugs, which also includes [telmisartan], [candesartan], [losartan], [olmesartan], and [irbesartan]. ARBs selectively bind to angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1) and prevent the protein angiotensin II from binding and exerting its hypertensive effects, which include vasoconstriction, stimulation and synthesis of aldosterone and ADH, cardiac stimulation, and renal reabsorption of sodium, among others. Overall, valsartan's physiologic effects lead to reduced blood pressure, lower aldosterone levels, reduced cardiac activity, and increased excretion of sodium. Valsartan also affects the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which plays an important role in hemostasis and regulation of kidney, vascular, and cardiac functions. Pharmacological blockade of RAAS via
The metabolism of Valsartan can be decreased when combined with Perphenazine.
46
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[ [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Losartan" ], [ "Losartan", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP2C9" ], [ "CYP2C9", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene)", "MCOLN1" ], [ "MCOLN1", "{u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound)", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Vision blurred" ], [ "Vision blurred", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Aprepitant" ], [ "Aprepitant", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Duloxetine" ], [ "Duloxetine", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Levodopa" ], [ "Levodopa", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ], [ [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Loratadine" ], [ "Loratadine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Valsartan" ] ] ]
Perphenazine may decrease the metabolism of Losartan and Losartan (Compound) resembles Valsartan (Compound) Perphenazine (Compound) binds CYP2C9 (Gene) and CYP2C9 (Gene) is bound by Valsartan (Compound) Perphenazine (Compound) upregulates MCOLN1 (Gene) and MCOLN1 (Gene) is upregulated by Valsartan (Compound) Perphenazine (Compound) causes Vision blurred (Side Effect) and Vision blurred (Side Effect) is caused by Valsartan (Compound) Perphenazine can increase the metabolism of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine can increase the metabolism of Valsartan Perphenazine may increase the serum concentration of Aprepitant and Aprepitant can increase the metabolism of Valsartan Perphenazine may decrease the metabolism of Duloxetine and Duloxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Valsartan Perphenazine may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Levodopa and Levodopa may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Valsartan Perphenazine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Loratadine and Loratadine may decrease the metabolism of Valsartan
DB00273
DB09071
1,108
1,013
Topiramate
Tasimelteon
Topiramate is a anti-epileptic drug used to manage seizures and prevent migraines. It was initially approved by the FDA in 1996. In 2004, topiramate was approved for the prevention of migraine in adults.[A188309,L10544,L43478] Since 2012, the extended-release formulation has been approved in combination with [phentermine] for chronic weight management therapy in adults. Characteristics that distinguish topiramate from other antiepileptic drugs are a monosaccharide chemical structure containing a sulfamate, and 40% of its mass accounted for by oxygen. Interestingly, topiramate was discovered by chance when attempts were made to formulate a novel antidiabetic drug.
Tasimelteon is a selective dual melatonin receptor agonist indicated for the treatment of Non-24-Hour Sleep-Wake Disorder (N24HSWD). Occurring commonly in blind individuals without light perception, this condition is often characterized by periods of night-time insomnia and day-time sleepiness. In blind individuals, a lack of light stimulation causes an extension of the 24-hour circadian cycle and can lead to progressively delayed sleep onset. By activating melatonin receptors MT1 and MT2 in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the brain, tasimelteon has been shown to improve sleep by resynchronizing the circadian rhythm through its "non-photic" mechanism. Tasimelteon is currently the only drug available for the treatment of N24HSWD and was granted orphan drug status by the FDA in 2010.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Topiramate is combined with Tasimelteon.
48
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[ [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Paraldehyde" ], [ "Paraldehyde", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Ethanol" ], [ "Ethanol", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Brimonidine" ], [ "Brimonidine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Pramipexole" ], [ "Pramipexole", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Paliperidone" ], [ "Paliperidone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Chlorzoxazone" ], [ "Chlorzoxazone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Duloxetine" ], [ "Duloxetine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ], [ [ "Topiramate", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Escitalopram" ], [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tasimelteon" ] ] ]
Topiramate may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Paraldehyde and Paraldehyde may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Ethanol and Ethanol may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Brimonidine and Brimonidine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the sedative activities of Pramipexole and Pramipexole may increase the sedative activities of Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Paliperidone and Paliperidone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Chlorzoxazone and Chlorzoxazone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tasimelteon Topiramate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Duloxetine and Duloxetine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tasimelteon Topiramate may decrease the metabolism of Escitalopram and Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tasimelteon
DB01340
DB09216
550
449
Cilazapril
Tolfenamic acid
Cilazapril is an ACE inhibtor class drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. It belongs to the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACE inhibitors) class of drugs. It is a prodrug that is hydrolyzed after absorption to its main metabolite cilazaprilat. It is branded as Inhibace in Canada and other countries, Vascace and Dynorm in a number of European countries, among many other names. None of these varieties are available in the United States.
Tolfenamic acid, with the formula N-(2-methyl-3-chlorphenyl)-anthranilic acid, is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent. It was discovered by scientists at Medica Pharmaceutical Company in Finland. It is used in the UK as a treatment for migraine under the name of Clotam. In the US, it presents a Status class I by the FDA. By the European Medicine Agency, it was granted in 2016 with the status of orphan for the treatment of supranuclear palsy.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Cilazapril is combined with Tolfenamic acid.
48
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[ [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Edoxaban" ], [ "Edoxaban", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of the active metabolites of {v}", "Dabigatran etexilate" ], [ "Dabigatran etexilate", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Furosemide" ], [ "Furosemide", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Metipranolol" ], [ "Metipranolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nebivolol" ], [ "Nebivolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ], [ "Eplerenone", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ], [ [ "Cilazapril", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Bupranolol" ], [ "Bupranolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolfenamic acid" ] ] ]
Cilazapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Primidone and Primidone can increase the metabolism of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the serum concentration of Edoxaban and Edoxaban may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the serum concentration of the active metabolites of Dabigatran etexilate and Dabigatran etexilate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Furosemide and Furosemide may decrease the diuretic activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Metipranolol and Metipranolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nebivolol and Nebivolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Eplerenone and Eplerenone may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolfenamic acid Cilazapril may increase the hypotensive activities of Bupranolol and Bupranolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolfenamic acid
DB01224
DB01165
955
1,210
Quetiapine
Ofloxacin
Initially approved by the FDA in 1997, quetiapine is a second-generation atypical antipsychotic used in schizophrenia, major depression, and bipolar disorder. Quetiapine demonstrates a high level of therapeutic efficacy and low risk of adverse effects during long-term treatment. It is well-tolerated and a suitable option for some patients with high sensitivity to other drugs, such as [clozapine] and [olanzapine].
A synthetic fluoroquinolone (fluoroquinolones) antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA gyrase, halting DNA replication.
Quetiapine may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Ofloxacin.
19
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[ [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Phosphatase alkaline increased" ], [ "Phosphatase alkaline increased", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dasatinib" ], [ "Dasatinib", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Indapamide" ], [ "Indapamide", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Saquinavir" ], [ "Saquinavir", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Escitalopram" ], [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ], [ "Aripiprazole", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may increase the severity of QTc prolonging effects when combined with {v}", "Vandetanib" ], [ "Vandetanib", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Clozapine" ], [ "Clozapine", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ], [ [ "Quetiapine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Dronedarone" ], [ "Dronedarone", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Ofloxacin" ] ] ]
Quetiapine (Compound) causes Phosphatase alkaline increased (Side Effect) and Phosphatase alkaline increased (Side Effect) is caused by Ofloxacin (Compound) Quetiapine may increase the serum concentration of Dasatinib and Dasatinib may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Indapamide and Indapamide may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may increase the serum concentration of Saquinavir and Saquinavir may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Escitalopram and Escitalopram may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may increase the hypotensive activities of Aripiprazole and Aripiprazole may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may increase the severity of QTc prolonging effects when combined with Vandetanib and Vandetanib may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine (Compound) resembles Clozapine (Compound) and Quetiapine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Clozapine and Clozapine may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin Quetiapine may decrease the metabolism of Dronedarone and Dronedarone may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Ofloxacin
DB00264
DB00821
576
11
Metoprolol
Carprofen
Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 blocker commonly employed as the succinate and tartrate derivatives depending if the formulation is designed to be of immediate release or extended release.[A175159, L5530] The possibility of the generation of these formulations comes from the lower systemic bioavailability of the succinate derivative. To this date, it is one of the preferred beta-blockers in general clinical guidelines and it is widely prescribed in the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the US. Metoprolol was developed since 1969 by US Pharmaceutical Holdings I and FDA approved in 1978.
Carprofen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that is used by veterinarians as a supportive treatment for the relief of arthritic symptoms in geriatric dogs. Carprofen was previously used in human medicine for over 10 years (1985-1995). It was generally well tolerated, with the majority of adverse effects being mild, such as gastro-intestinal pain and nausea, similar to those recorded with aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It is no longer marketed for human usage, after being withdrawn on commercial grounds.
Metoprolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen.
36
[ [ [ 576, 59, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 59, 211 ], [ 211, 225, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 249, 744 ], [ 744, 28, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 225, 557 ], [ 557, 205, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 71, 894 ], [ 894, 205, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 71, 306 ], [ 306, 59, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 119, 1026 ], [ 1026, 59, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 95, 1022 ], [ 1022, 59, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 36, 519 ], [ 519, 59, 11 ] ], [ [ 576, 225, 1025 ], [ 1025, 59, 11 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Ketoprofen" ], [ "Ketoprofen", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Edoxaban" ], [ "Edoxaban", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Torasemide" ], [ "Torasemide", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Furosemide" ], [ "Furosemide", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Aliskiren" ], [ "Aliskiren", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Acebutolol" ], [ "Acebutolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Pindolol" ], [ "Pindolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of {v}", "Celiprolol" ], [ "Celiprolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Arotinolol" ], [ "Arotinolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Carprofen" ] ] ]
Metoprolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Ketoprofen and Ketoprofen may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the serum concentration of Edoxaban and Edoxaban may increase the anticoagulant activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Torasemide and Torasemide may decrease the diuretic activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Furosemide and Furosemide may decrease the diuretic activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Aliskiren and Aliskiren may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen Metoprolol (Compound) resembles Acebutolol (Compound) and Metoprolol may increase the serum concentration of Acebutolol and Acebutolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the serum concentration of Pindolol and Pindolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Celiprolol and Celiprolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Arotinolol and Arotinolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Carprofen
DB01466
DB01501
493
918
Ethylmorphine
Difenoxin
A narcotic analgesic and antitussive. It is metabolized in the liver by ethylmorphine-N-demethylase and used as an indicator of liver function. It is not marketed in the US but is approved for use in various countries around the world. In the US it is a schedule II drug (single-entity) and schedule III drug (in combination products).
Difenoxin is a 4-phenylpiperidine which is closely related to the opioid analgesic meperidine. Difenoxin alone is a USA Schedule I controlled drug, as it may be habit forming. However, it is listed as a Schedule IV controlled drug if combined with atropine, which is added to decrease deliberate misuse. Motofen(R) is a brand mixture which combines atropine sulfate and difenoxin hydrochloride. It is approved by the FDA to treat acute and chronic diarrhea. Difenoxin is an active metabolite of the anti-diarrheal drug, diphenoxylate, which is also used in combination with atropine in the brand mixture Lomotil(R). It works mostly in the periphery and activates opioid receptors in the intestine rather than the central nervous system (CNS). [3] Difenoxin is also closely related to loperamide, but unlike loper
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Ethylmorphine is combined with Difenoxin.
48
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[ [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Diphenoxylate" ], [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clotrimazole" ], [ "Clotrimazole", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Clidinium" ], [ "Clidinium", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Fexofenadine" ], [ "Fexofenadine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "OPRM1" ], [ "OPRM1", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Magnesium sulfate" ], [ "Magnesium sulfate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ], [ [ "Ethylmorphine", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Rotigotine" ], [ "Rotigotine", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Difenoxin" ] ] ]
Ethylmorphine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Diphenoxylate and Diphenoxylate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Difenoxin Ethylmorphine may decrease the metabolism of Clotrimazole and Clotrimazole (Compound) resembles Difenoxin (Compound) Ethylmorphine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Clidinium and Clidinium (Compound) resembles Difenoxin (Compound) Ethylmorphine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Fexofenadine and Fexofenadine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Difenoxin Ethylmorphine (Compound) binds OPRM1 (Gene) and OPRM1 (Gene) is bound by Difenoxin (Compound) Ethylmorphine can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Difenoxin Ethylmorphine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Difenoxin Ethylmorphine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Magnesium sulfate and Magnesium sulfate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Difenoxin Ethylmorphine may increase the sedative activities of Rotigotine and Rotigotine may increase the sedative activities of Difenoxin
DB00264
DB00393
576
503
Metoprolol
Nimodipine
Metoprolol is a selective beta-1 blocker commonly employed as the succinate and tartrate derivatives depending if the formulation is designed to be of immediate release or extended release.[A175159, L5530] The possibility of the generation of these formulations comes from the lower systemic bioavailability of the succinate derivative. To this date, it is one of the preferred beta-blockers in general clinical guidelines and it is widely prescribed in the Netherlands, New Zealand, and the US. Metoprolol was developed since 1969 by US Pharmaceutical Holdings I and FDA approved in 1978.
Nimodipine is a 1,4-dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker. It acts primarily on vascular smooth muscle cells by stabilizing voltage-gated L-type calcium channels in their inactive conformation. By inhibiting the influx of calcium in smooth muscle cells, nimodipine prevents calcium-dependent smooth muscle contraction and subsequent vasoconstriction. Compared to other calcium channel blocking agents, nimodipine exhibits greater effects on cerebral circulation than on peripheral circulation. Nimodipine is used to as an adjunct to improve the neurologic outcome following subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Metoprolol is combined with Nimodipine.
48
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[ [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isradipine" ], [ "Isradipine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Lercanidipine" ], [ "Lercanidipine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Amlodipine" ], [ "Amlodipine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Angiopathy" ], [ "Angiopathy", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tadalafil" ], [ "Tadalafil", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Levodopa" ], [ "Levodopa", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Yohimbine" ], [ "Yohimbine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Halothane" ], [ "Halothane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ], [ [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Atenolol" ], [ "Atenolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nimodipine" ] ] ]
Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isradipine and Isradipine (Compound) resembles Nimodipine (Compound) Metoprolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Lercanidipine and Lercanidipine (Compound) resembles Nimodipine (Compound) Metoprolol may increase the serum concentration of Amlodipine and Amlodipine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nimodipine Metoprolol (Compound) causes Angiopathy (Side Effect) and Angiopathy (Side Effect) is caused by Nimodipine (Compound) Metoprolol may increase the antihypertensive activities of Tadalafil and Tadalafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Nimodipine Metoprolol may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Levodopa and Levodopa may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Nimodipine Metoprolol may increase the serum concentration of Yohimbine and Yohimbine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nimodipine Metoprolol may decrease the metabolism of Halothane and Halothane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nimodipine Metoprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Atenolol and Atenolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nimodipine
DB01081
DB00750
942
917
Diphenoxylate
Prilocaine
A meperidine congener used as an antidiarrheal, usually in combination with atropine. At high doses, it acts like morphine. Its unesterified metabolite difenoxin has similar properties and is used similarly. It has little or no analgesic activity. This medication is classified as a Schedule V under the Controlled Substances Act by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the DEA in the United States when used in preparations. When diphenoxylate is used alone, it is classified as a Schedule II.
A local anesthetic that is similar pharmacologically to lidocaine. Currently, it is used most often for infiltration anesthesia in dentistry. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1992, p165)
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Diphenoxylate is combined with Prilocaine.
48
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[ [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the analgesic activities of {v}", "Diethylpropion" ], [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Perampanel" ], [ "Perampanel", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Pramipexole" ], [ "Pramipexole", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olopatadine" ], [ "Olopatadine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Loxapine" ], [ "Loxapine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Fluvoxamine" ], [ "Fluvoxamine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ], [ [ "Diphenoxylate", "{u} may increase the serotonergic activities of {v}", "Milnacipran" ], [ "Milnacipran", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prilocaine" ] ] ]
Diphenoxylate may increase the analgesic activities of Diethylpropion and Diethylpropion (Compound) resembles Prilocaine (Compound) Diphenoxylate can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Perampanel and Perampanel may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the sedative activities of Pramipexole and Pramipexole may increase the sedative activities of Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Olopatadine and Olopatadine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Loxapine and Loxapine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Fluvoxamine and Fluvoxamine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Prilocaine Diphenoxylate may increase the serotonergic activities of Milnacipran and Milnacipran may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Prilocaine
DB01283
DB01397
349
808
Lumiracoxib
Magnesium salicylate
Lumiracoxib is a COX-2 selective non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID). On August 11, 2007, Australia's Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA, the Australian equivalent of the FDA) cancelled the registration of lumiracoxib in Australia due to concerns that it may cause liver failure. New Zealand and Canada have also followed suit in recalling the drug.
Magnesium salicylate is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat mild to moderate pain. It is available in several over-the-counter (OTC) formulations. Though the recommended doseage is 1160 mg every six hours, per package directions of the Doan's OTC brand (580 mg magnesium salicylate tetrahydrate, equivalent to 934.4 mg anhydrous magnesium salicylate), effective pain relief is often found with a half dosage, with reduced anti-inflammatory results.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Lumiracoxib is combined with Magnesium salicylate.
48
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[ [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nepafenac" ], [ "Nepafenac", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "PTGS2" ], [ "PTGS2", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Dabigatran etexilate" ], [ "Dabigatran etexilate", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Etacrynic acid" ], [ "Etacrynic acid", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Nadolol" ], [ "Nadolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zaltoprofen" ], [ "Zaltoprofen", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Spirapril" ], [ "Spirapril", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Nicardipine" ], [ "Nicardipine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ], [ [ "Lumiracoxib", "{u} may increase the thrombogenic activities of {v}", "Estrone" ], [ "Estrone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium salicylate" ] ] ]
Lumiracoxib may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nepafenac and Nepafenac (Compound) resembles Magnesium salicylate (Compound) Lumiracoxib (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is bound by Magnesium salicylate (Compound) Lumiracoxib may increase the anticoagulant activities of Dabigatran etexilate and Dabigatran etexilate may increase the anticoagulant activities of Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may decrease the diuretic activities of Etacrynic acid and Etacrynic acid may decrease the diuretic activities of Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Nadolol and Nadolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Zaltoprofen and Zaltoprofen may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Spirapril and Spirapril may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may decrease the metabolism of Nicardipine and Nicardipine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Magnesium salicylate Lumiracoxib may increase the thrombogenic activities of Estrone and Estrone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Magnesium salicylate
DB06148
DB01200
16
247
Mianserin
Bromocriptine
A tetracyclic compound with antidepressant effects. Mianserin was previously available internationally, however in most markets it has been phased out in favour of [mirtazapine].
Bromocriptine mesylate is a semisynthetic ergot alkaloid derivative with potent dopaminergic activity. It inhibits prolactin secretion and may be used to treat dysfunctions associated with hyperprolactinemia. Bromocriptine is also indicated for the management of signs and symptoms of Parkinsonian Syndrome, as well as the treatment of acromegaly. Bromocriptine has been associated with pulmonary fibrosis, and can also cause sustained suppression of somatotropin (growth hormone) secretion in some patients with acromegaly. In 1995, the FDA withdrew the approval of bromocriptine mesylate for the prevention of physiological lactation after finding that bromocriptine was not shown to be safe for use.[L43942,L43947] It continues to be used for the indications mentioned above.
The therapeutic efficacy of Bromocriptine can be decreased when used in combination with Mianserin.
69
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[ [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "HTR7" ], [ "HTR7", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Dermatitis" ], [ "Dermatitis", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Fosphenytoin" ], [ "Fosphenytoin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Pentobarbital" ], [ "Pentobarbital", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Nevirapine" ], [ "Nevirapine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Methylene blue" ], [ "Methylene blue", "{u} may increase the hypoglycemic activities of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Betaxolol" ], [ "Betaxolol", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Metoprolol" ], [ "Metoprolol", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ], [ [ "Mianserin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clomipramine" ], [ "Clomipramine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Bromocriptine" ] ] ]
Mianserin (Compound) binds HTR7 (Gene) and HTR7 (Gene) is bound by Bromocriptine (Compound) Mianserin (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Bromocriptine (Compound) Mianserin may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Fosphenytoin and Fosphenytoin can increase the metabolism of Bromocriptine Mianserin may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Pentobarbital and Pentobarbital can increase the metabolism of Bromocriptine Mianserin can increase the metabolism of Nevirapine and Nevirapine can increase the metabolism of Bromocriptine Mianserin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Methylene blue and Methylene blue may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Bromocriptine Mianserin may decrease the metabolism of Betaxolol and Betaxolol may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Bromocriptine Mianserin may increase the serum concentration of Metoprolol and Metoprolol may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Bromocriptine Mianserin may decrease the metabolism of Clomipramine and Clomipramine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Bromocriptine
DB00177
DB00500
239
833
Valsartan
Tolmetin
Valsartan belongs to the angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) family of drugs, which also includes [telmisartan], [candesartan], [losartan], [olmesartan], and [irbesartan]. ARBs selectively bind to angiotensin receptor 1 (AT1) and prevent the protein angiotensin II from binding and exerting its hypertensive effects, which include vasoconstriction, stimulation and synthesis of aldosterone and ADH, cardiac stimulation, and renal reabsorption of sodium, among others. Overall, valsartan's physiologic effects lead to reduced blood pressure, lower aldosterone levels, reduced cardiac activity, and increased excretion of sodium. Valsartan also affects the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system (RAAS), which plays an important role in hemostasis and regulation of kidney, vascular, and cardiac functions. Pharmacological blockade of RAAS via
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (anti-inflammatory agents, NON-steroidal) similar in mode of action to indomethacin.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Valsartan is combined with Tolmetin.
48
[ [ [ 239, 71, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 223, 287 ], [ 287, 1, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 225, 975 ], [ 975, 155, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 223, 628 ], [ 628, 225, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 21, 28929 ], [ 28929, 175, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 223, 498 ], [ 498, 28, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 71, 687 ], [ 687, 28, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 71, 894 ], [ 894, 205, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 90, 462 ], [ 462, 59, 833 ] ], [ [ 239, 82, 911 ], [ 911, 59, 833 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Zolpidem" ], [ "Zolpidem", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolcapone" ], [ "Tolcapone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Suprofen" ], [ "Suprofen", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Epistaxis" ], [ "Epistaxis", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Dicoumarol" ], [ "Dicoumarol", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Furosemide" ], [ "Furosemide", "{u} may decrease the diuretic activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ], [ "Eplerenone", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Valsartan", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Oxprenolol" ], [ "Oxprenolol", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ] ]
Valsartan may decrease the metabolism of Zolpidem and Zolpidem (Compound) resembles Tolmetin (Compound) Valsartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolcapone and Tolcapone (Compound) resembles Tolmetin (Compound) Valsartan may decrease the metabolism of Suprofen and Suprofen may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin Valsartan (Compound) causes Epistaxis (Side Effect) and Epistaxis (Side Effect) is caused by Tolmetin (Compound) Valsartan may decrease the metabolism of Dicoumarol and Dicoumarol may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolmetin Valsartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolmetin Valsartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Furosemide and Furosemide may decrease the diuretic activities of Tolmetin Valsartan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Eplerenone and Eplerenone may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolmetin Valsartan may increase the hypotensive activities of Oxprenolol and Oxprenolol may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolmetin
DB09079
DB13874
1,231
323
Nintedanib
Enasidenib
Nintedanib is a small molecule kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of pulmonary fibrosis, systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease, and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).[L8453,L8459] It was first approved for use in the United States in 2014. Within the spectrum of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis treatment options, nintedanib is currently one of only two disease-modifying therapies available and indicated for the condition (the other being [Pirfenidone]) and as such is used as a first-line treatment following diagnosis to slow down the progressive loss of lung function. As a chemotherapeutic agent for NSCLC, nintedanib, in combination with [Docetaxel], is reserved for patients who have tried and failed first-line chemotherapeutic options.
Enasidenib is an orally available treatment for the treatment of adult patients with relapsed or refractory acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with specific mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 (IDH2) gene, which is a recurrent mutation detected in 12-20% of adult patients with AML [A20344, A20345]. Patients eligible for this treatment are selected by testing the presence of IDH2 mutations in the blood or bone marrow. This small molecule acts as an allosteric inhibitor of mutant IDH2 enzyme to prevent cell growth, and it also has shown to block several other enzymes that play a role in abnormal cell differentiation. First developed by Agios Pharmaceuticals and licensed to Celgene, enasidenib was approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration on August 1, 2017.
The serum concentration of Enasidenib can be increased when it is combined with Nintedanib.
72
[ [ [ 1231, 95, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 251, 147 ], [ 147, 26, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 59 ], [ 59, 223, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 376 ], [ 376, 71, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 225, 744 ], [ 744, 95, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 764 ], [ 764, 249, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 350 ], [ 350, 95, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 251, 147 ], [ 147, 180, 161 ], [ 161, 26, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 59 ], [ 59, 251, 147 ], [ 147, 26, 323 ] ], [ [ 1231, 95, 266 ], [ 266, 180, 161 ], [ 161, 26, 323 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Rifampicin" ], [ "Rifampicin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Quinidine" ], [ "Quinidine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Ergometrine" ], [ "Ergometrine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Edoxaban" ], [ "Edoxaban", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dasatinib" ], [ "Dasatinib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Pravastatin" ], [ "Pravastatin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Rifampicin" ], [ "Rifampicin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Quinidine" ], [ "Quinidine", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Rifampicin" ], [ "Rifampicin", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ], [ [ "Nintedanib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Indinavir" ], [ "Indinavir", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Enasidenib" ] ] ]
Nintedanib may decrease the serum concentration of Rifampicin and Rifampicin can increase the metabolism of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Quinidine and Quinidine may decrease the metabolism of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Ergometrine and Ergometrine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Edoxaban and Edoxaban may increase the serum concentration of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Dasatinib and Dasatinib may increase the serum concentration of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Pravastatin and Pravastatin may increase the serum concentration of Enasidenib Nintedanib may decrease the serum concentration of Rifampicin and Rifampicin can increase the metabolism of Primidone and Primidone can increase the metabolism of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Quinidine and Quinidine may decrease the serum concentration of Rifampicin and Rifampicin can increase the metabolism of Enasidenib Nintedanib may increase the serum concentration of Indinavir and Indinavir can increase the metabolism of Primidone and Primidone can increase the metabolism of Enasidenib
DB00937
DB00985
1,334
976
Diethylpropion
Dimenhydrinate
A appetite depressant considered to produce less central nervous system disturbance than most drugs in this therapeutic category. It is also considered to be among the safest for patients with hypertension. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p2290)
Dimehydrinate was first described in the literature in 1949, and patented in 1950. Early research into dimenhydrinate focused on its role as an antihistamine for urticaria; the treatment of motion sickness was an accidental discovery. Dimenhydrinate, also known as B-dimethylaminoethyl benzohydrol ether 8-chlorotheophyllinate, is indicated to prevent nausea, vomiting, and dizziness caused by motion sickness.[L32980,L32985,L32995] Dimenhydrinate is a combination of [Diphenhydramine] and [8-chlorotheophylline] in a salt form, with 53%-55.5% dried diphenhydramine, and 44%-47% died 8-chlorotheophylline. The antiemetic properties of dimenhydrinate are primarily thought to be produced by diphenhydramine
Diethylpropion may decrease the sedative activities of Dimenhydrinate.
75
[ [ [ 1334, 98, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 98, 76 ], [ 76, 1, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 98, 989 ], [ 989, 225, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 21, 28463 ], [ 28463, 175, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 225, 587 ], [ 587, 38, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 98, 949 ], [ 949, 71, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 83, 990 ], [ 990, 71, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 245, 419 ], [ 419, 71, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 1, 917 ], [ 917, 71, 976 ] ], [ [ 1334, 45, 438 ], [ 438, 71, 976 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may decrease the sedative activities of {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may decrease the sedative activities of {v}", "Benzatropine" ], [ "Benzatropine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may decrease the sedative activities of {v}", "Cyclizine" ], [ "Cyclizine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Rash" ], [ "Rash", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ethanol" ], [ "Ethanol", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may decrease the sedative activities of {v}", "Triprolidine" ], [ "Triprolidine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may decrease the stimulatory activities of {v}", "Mesoridazine" ], [ "Mesoridazine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may increase the analgesic activities of {v}", "Alfentanil" ], [ "Alfentanil", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Prilocaine" ], [ "Prilocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ], [ [ "Diethylpropion", "{u} may increase the stimulatory activities of {v}", "Imipramine" ], [ "Imipramine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Dimenhydrinate" ] ] ]
Diethylpropion may decrease the sedative activities of Benzatropine and Benzatropine (Compound) resembles Dimenhydrinate (Compound) Diethylpropion may decrease the sedative activities of Cyclizine and Cyclizine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion (Compound) causes Rash (Side Effect) and Rash (Side Effect) is caused by Dimenhydrinate (Compound) Diethylpropion may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Ethanol and Ethanol may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion may decrease the sedative activities of Triprolidine and Triprolidine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion may decrease the stimulatory activities of Mesoridazine and Mesoridazine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion may increase the analgesic activities of Alfentanil and Alfentanil may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion (Compound) resembles Prilocaine (Compound) and Prilocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate Diethylpropion may increase the stimulatory activities of Imipramine and Imipramine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Dimenhydrinate
DB00228
DB00807
1,004
926
Enflurane
Proparacaine
Enflurane is a halogenated inhalational anesthetic initially approved by the FDA in 1972. Since this date, it has been withdrawn from the US market.[L13646,L13649] Unlike its other inhalational anesthetic counterparts including [isoflurane] and [halothane], enflurane is known to induce seizure activity. In addition, it is known to cause increased cardio depressant effects when compared to other inhaled anesthetics.
Proparacaine is a topical anesthetic drug of the amino ester group. It is found in ophthalmic solutions at a concentration of 0.5% as the hydrochloride salt.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Enflurane is combined with Proparacaine.
48
[ [ [ 1004, 71, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 184, 674 ], [ 674, 30, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 192, 543 ], [ 543, 38, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 38, 405 ], [ 405, 192, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 54, 1365 ], [ 1365, 208, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 225, 260 ], [ 260, 71, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 71, 1006 ], [ 1006, 225, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 71, 18 ], [ 18, 71, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 270, 914 ], [ 914, 71, 926 ] ], [ [ 1004, 71, 983 ], [ 983, 116, 926 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Magnesium sulfate" ], [ "Magnesium sulfate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Pramipexole" ], [ "Pramipexole", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Hydromorphone" ], [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Molindone" ], [ "Molindone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Sulpiride" ], [ "Sulpiride", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Desflurane" ], [ "Desflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ], [ [ "Enflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Cinchocaine" ], [ "Cinchocaine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Proparacaine" ] ] ]
Enflurane can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Magnesium sulfate and Magnesium sulfate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the sedative activities of Pramipexole and Pramipexole may increase the sedative activities of Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Hydromorphone and Hydromorphone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Molindone and Molindone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Sulpiride and Sulpiride may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Proparacaine Enflurane (Compound) resembles Desflurane (Compound) and Enflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Desflurane and Desflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Proparacaine Enflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Cinchocaine and Cinchocaine (Compound) resembles Proparacaine (Compound) and Cinchocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Proparacaine
DB09279
DB08941
1,363
733
Fimasartan
Isoxsuprine
Fimasartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) drug employed in the treatment of both hypertension and heart failure. It has been found to be safe when administered with hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic) in clinical trials. Fimasartan was initially approved September 9th, 2010 in South Korea and is marketed under the brand name _Kanarb_ by Boryung Pharmaceuticals.
A beta-adrenergic agonist that causes direct relaxation of uterine and vascular smooth muscle. Its vasodilating actions are greater on the arteries supplying skeletal muscle than on those supplying skin. It is used in the treatment of peripheral vascular disease and in premature labor.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fimasartan is combined with Isoxsuprine.
48
[ [ [ 1363, 71, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 71, 355 ], [ 355, 71, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 71, 745 ], [ 745, 1, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 52, 828 ], [ 828, 206, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 90, 306 ], [ 306, 225, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 225, 914 ], [ 914, 71, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 71, 953 ], [ 953, 225, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 90, 462 ], [ 462, 71, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 236, 171 ], [ 171, 82, 733 ] ], [ [ 1363, 82, 453 ], [ 453, 236, 733 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Phenoxybenzamine" ], [ "Phenoxybenzamine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Fenoprofen" ], [ "Fenoprofen", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Duloxetine" ], [ "Duloxetine", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Aliskiren" ], [ "Aliskiren", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Desflurane" ], [ "Desflurane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Empagliflozin" ], [ "Empagliflozin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ], [ "Eplerenone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Pentobarbital" ], [ "Pentobarbital", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Risperidone" ], [ "Risperidone", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Isoxsuprine" ] ] ]
Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Phenoxybenzamine and Phenoxybenzamine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Fenoprofen and Fenoprofen (Compound) resembles Isoxsuprine (Compound) Fimasartan may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Duloxetine and Duloxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Aliskiren and Aliskiren may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Desflurane and Desflurane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Empagliflozin and Empagliflozin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Eplerenone and Eplerenone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the hypotensive activities of Pentobarbital and Pentobarbital may increase the hypotensive activities of Isoxsuprine Fimasartan may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone and Risperidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Isoxsuprine
DB01567
DB09017
1,270
930
Fludiazepam
Brotizolam
Fludiazepam is a drug which is a benzodiazepine derivative. It possesses anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. It is a scheduled drug in the U.S., but is approved for use in Japan.
Brotizolam is a sedative-hypnotic thienodiazepine drug which is a benzodiazepine analog. It demonstrates anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant effects. Brotizolam has similar effects to short-acting benzodiazepines such as triazolam. Brotizolam is indicated for 2-4 weeks of treatment for severe or debilitating insomnia. Brotizolam is an extremely potent drug and it is rapidly eliminated with an average half-life of 4.4 hours (range 3.6 - 7.9 hours). Brotizolam is not approved for sale in the UK, United States or Canada but is sold in the Netherlands, Germany, Spain, Belgium, Austria, Portugal, Israel, Italy and Japan.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fludiazepam is combined with Brotizolam.
48
[ [ [ 1270, 116, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 155, 585 ], [ 585, 1, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 1, 1273 ], [ 1273, 1, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 246, 674 ], [ 674, 30, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 38, 1264 ], [ 1264, 192, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 192, 543 ], [ 543, 38, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 54, 471 ], [ 471, 208, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 225, 525 ], [ 525, 71, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 71, 973 ], [ 973, 71, 930 ] ], [ [ 1270, 71, 673 ], [ 673, 225, 930 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Midazolam" ], [ "Midazolam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Delorazepam" ], [ "Delorazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Sodium oxybate" ], [ "Sodium oxybate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Rotigotine" ], [ "Rotigotine", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Perphenazine" ], [ "Perphenazine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Aceprometazine" ], [ "Aceprometazine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ], [ [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Lamotrigine" ], [ "Lamotrigine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Brotizolam" ] ] ]
Fludiazepam (Compound) resembles Brotizolam (Compound) and Fludiazepam (Compound) resembles Midazolam (Compound) and Midazolam (Compound) resembles Brotizolam (Compound) Fludiazepam (Compound) resembles Delorazepam (Compound) and Delorazepam (Compound) resembles Brotizolam (Compound) Fludiazepam may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Sodium oxybate and Sodium oxybate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the sedative activities of Rotigotine and Rotigotine may increase the sedative activities of Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Perphenazine and Perphenazine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Aceprometazine and Aceprometazine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Brotizolam Fludiazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Lamotrigine and Lamotrigine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Brotizolam
DB01395
DB00500
1,117
833
Drospirenone
Tolmetin
Drospirenone is a synthetic progestin commonly found in the popular oral contraceptive, Yaz in combination with [Ethinyl estradiol]. Most recently, it was approved by both Health Canada and the FDA in combination with [Estetrol] as an oral contraceptive therapy.[L33199,L33174] Aside from its contraceptive effects, drospirenone is used with estrogens to control acne and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Drospirenone has been the subject of widespread safety concern due to the possibility of an increased risk of venous thromboembolism associated with its use.[A182543,A182552] In 2012, however, a safety statement by the FDA concluded that the increase in the risk of thromboembolism resulting from the use of drospirenone remains unclear, as studies regarding this risk are conflicting. Some studies have demonstrated a significantly increased risk and some demonstrating no risk of thrombo
A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (anti-inflammatory agents, NON-steroidal) similar in mode of action to indomethacin.
Drospirenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Tolmetin.
67
[ [ [ 1117, 90, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 90, 628 ], [ 628, 225, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 6, 7784 ], [ 7784, 160, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 21, 28549 ], [ 28549, 175, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 188, 342 ], [ 342, 28, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 90, 687 ], [ 687, 28, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 244, 462 ], [ 462, 59, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 1, 108 ], [ 108, 225, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 90, 785 ], [ 785, 71, 833 ] ], [ [ 1117, 155, 101 ], [ 101, 225, 833 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Suprofen" ], [ "Suprofen", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "PTGS2" ], [ "PTGS2", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Nausea" ], [ "Nausea", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may decrease the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Acenocoumarol" ], [ "Acenocoumarol", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ], [ "Eplerenone", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Formestane" ], [ "Formestane", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Adapalene" ], [ "Adapalene", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ], [ [ "Drospirenone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Medrysone" ], [ "Medrysone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ] ] ]
Drospirenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Suprofen and Suprofen may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin Drospirenone (Compound) binds PTGS2 (Gene) and PTGS2 (Gene) is bound by Tolmetin (Compound) Drospirenone (Compound) causes Nausea (Side Effect) and Nausea (Side Effect) is caused by Tolmetin (Compound) Drospirenone may decrease the anticoagulant activities of Acenocoumarol and Acenocoumarol may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolmetin Drospirenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tolmetin Drospirenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Eplerenone and Eplerenone may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Tolmetin Drospirenone (Compound) resembles Formestane (Compound) and Formestane may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin Drospirenone may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Adapalene and Adapalene may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin Drospirenone (Compound) resembles Medrysone (Compound) and Medrysone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin
DB00346
DB00221
278
727
Alfuzosin
Isoetharine
Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) refers to a benign growth or hyperplasia of the prostate and leads to lower urinary tract symptoms in men, such as urgency, frequency and changes to urine flow. The prevalence of BPH is as high as 50%-60% for males in their 60's, and this prevalence increases to 80%-90% of those over 70. Alfuzosin is an alpha-1 adrenergic blocker used in the symptomatic treatment of BPH that works by relaxing the muscles in the prostate and bladder neck. It was initially approved by the FDA in 2003 and is marketed by several pharmaceutical companies.
Isoetharine is a relatively selective beta-2 adrenergic agonist. It is a catechol-like agent. Isoetharine is a fast-acting bronchodilator used for emphysema, bronchitis and asthma.
Alfuzosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoetharine.
4
[ [ [ 278, 27, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 82, 715 ], [ 715, 1, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 27, 705 ], [ 705, 1, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 27, 710 ], [ 710, 155, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 123, 678 ], [ 678, 27, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 32, 509 ], [ 509, 27, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 82, 248 ], [ 248, 27, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 82, 731 ], [ 731, 36, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 206, 1032 ], [ 1032, 36, 727 ] ], [ [ 278, 82, 75 ], [ 75, 71, 727 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Methyldopa" ], [ "Methyldopa", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Salbutamol" ], [ "Salbutamol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Procaterol" ], [ "Procaterol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Doxazosin" ], [ "Doxazosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Tamsulosin" ], [ "Tamsulosin", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Carvedilol" ], [ "Carvedilol", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Nebivolol" ], [ "Nebivolol", "{u} may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Bopindolol" ], [ "Bopindolol", "{u} may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ], [ [ "Alfuzosin", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Pargyline" ], [ "Pargyline", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Isoetharine" ] ] ]
Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Methyldopa and Methyldopa (Compound) resembles Isoetharine (Compound) Alfuzosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Salbutamol and Salbutamol (Compound) resembles Isoetharine (Compound) Alfuzosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Procaterol and Procaterol (Compound) resembles Isoetharine (Compound) Alfuzosin (Compound) resembles Doxazosin (Compound) and Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Doxazosin and Doxazosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoetharine Alfuzosin may increase the antihypertensive activities of Tamsulosin and Tamsulosin may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoetharine Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Carvedilol and Carvedilol may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Isoetharine Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Nebivolol and Nebivolol may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Isoetharine Alfuzosin may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Bopindolol and Bopindolol may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Isoetharine Alfuzosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Pargyline and Pargyline may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Isoetharine
DB00755
DB08873
172
1,113
Tretinoin
Boceprevir
Tretinoin, also known as all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA), is a naturally occurring derivative of [vitamin A] (retinol). It is an oxidation product in the physiological pathway of vitamin A metabolism. In human circulation, tretinoin is normally found at very low concentrations, approximately 4 to 14 nmol/L. Tretinoin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antineoplastic, antioxidant, and free radical-scavenging activities. It has been used in dermatology for many years to treat various skin conditions ranging from acne to wrinkles [A257474,A258185] and activates nuclear receptors to regulate epithelial cell growth and differentiation.[A257474,A257629,A257609] Tretinoin is given orally to treat acute promyelocytic leukemia and topically to treat skin conditions such as acne.[L45389,L34869,L45384]
Boceprevir is a direct acting antiviral medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine distinct genotypes, with genotype 1 being the most common in the United States, and affecting 72% of all chronic HCV patients. Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis C have advanced significantly since 2011, with the development of Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) such as Boceprevir. Boceprevir is an inhibitor of NS3/4A, a serine protease enzyme, encoded by HCV genotypes 1 and 4 [synthesis]. These enzymes are essential for viral replication and serve to cleave the virally encoded polyprotein into mature proteins like NS4A, NS4B, NS5A and NS5B [FDA Label]. The barrier
The metabolism of Boceprevir can be decreased when combined with Tretinoin.
46
[ [ [ 172, 69, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 6, 4590 ], [ 4590, 160, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 7, 8549 ], [ 8549, 160, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 21, 28503 ], [ 28503, 175, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 69, 795 ], [ 795, 187, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 69, 235 ], [ 235, 69, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 71, 248 ], [ 248, 69, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 69, 1086 ], [ 1086, 223, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 225, 541 ], [ 541, 69, 1113 ] ], [ [ 172, 95, 371 ], [ 371, 69, 1113 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene)", "CTSL" ], [ "CTSL", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Hypercalcaemia" ], [ "Hypercalcaemia", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Ticagrelor" ], [ "Ticagrelor", "{u} may reduce the serum concentration of the active metabolites of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Zafirlukast" ], [ "Zafirlukast", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Carvedilol" ], [ "Carvedilol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clotrimazole" ], [ "Clotrimazole", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ropivacaine" ], [ "Ropivacaine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ], [ [ "Tretinoin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Quazepam" ], [ "Quazepam", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Boceprevir" ] ] ]
Tretinoin (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Boceprevir (Compound) Tretinoin (Compound) upregulates CTSL (Gene) and CTSL (Gene) is bound by Boceprevir (Compound) Tretinoin (Compound) causes Hypercalcaemia (Side Effect) and Hypercalcaemia (Side Effect) is caused by Boceprevir (Compound) Tretinoin may decrease the metabolism of Ticagrelor and Ticagrelor may reduce the serum concentration of the active metabolites of Boceprevir Tretinoin may decrease the metabolism of Zafirlukast and Zafirlukast may decrease the metabolism of Boceprevir Tretinoin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Carvedilol and Carvedilol may decrease the metabolism of Boceprevir Tretinoin may decrease the metabolism of Clotrimazole and Clotrimazole may decrease the metabolism of Boceprevir Tretinoin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Ropivacaine and Ropivacaine may decrease the metabolism of Boceprevir Tretinoin may increase the serum concentration of Quazepam and Quazepam may decrease the metabolism of Boceprevir
DB09183
DB09073
661
1,394
Dasabuvir
Palbociclib
Dasabuvir is a direct acting antiviral medication used as part of combination therapy to treat chronic Hepatitis C, an infectious liver disease caused by infection with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). HCV is a single-stranded RNA virus that is categorized into nine distinct genotypes, with genotype 1 being the most common in the United States, and affecting 72% of all chronic HCV patients. Treatment options for chronic Hepatitis C have advanced significantly since 2011, with the development of Direct Acting Antivirals (DAAs) such as Dasabuvir. Dasabuvir is a non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitor which binds to the palm domain of NS5B and induces a conformational change which renders the polymerase unable to elongate viral RNA [FDA Label]. The binding sites for non-nucleoside NS5B inhibitors are poorly conserved across HCV genotypes leading to the restriction of Dasabuvir's
Palbociclib is a piperazine pyridopyrimidine that acts in the cell cycle machinery. It is a second generation cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor selected from a group of pyridopyrimidine compounds due to its favorable physical and pharmaceutical properties. Palbociclib was developed by Pfizer Inc after the discovery that identified the cyclin-dependent kinases as key regulators of cell growth. It was originally FDA approved on March 2015 for the treatment of HR-positive, HER2-negative advanced or metastatic breast cancer and its indications were updated in April 2019 to include male patients based on findings from postmarketing reports and electronic health records demonstrating safety and clinical efficacy.
The serum concentration of Palbociclib can be increased when it is combined with Dasabuvir.
72
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[ [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Atomoxetine" ], [ "Atomoxetine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clomipramine" ], [ "Clomipramine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Stiripentol" ], [ "Stiripentol", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Alfentanil" ], [ "Alfentanil", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dasatinib" ], [ "Dasatinib", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Pentobarbital" ], [ "Pentobarbital", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Dabrafenib" ], [ "Dabrafenib", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ], [ [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Atomoxetine" ], [ "Atomoxetine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Fingolimod" ], [ "Fingolimod", "{u} may increase the immunosuppressive activities of {v}", "Palbociclib" ] ] ]
Dasabuvir may decrease the metabolism of Atomoxetine and Atomoxetine may decrease the metabolism of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may decrease the metabolism of Clomipramine and Clomipramine may increase the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may increase the serum concentration of Stiripentol and Stiripentol may increase the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may increase the serum concentration of Alfentanil and Alfentanil may increase the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir can increase the metabolism of Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine may increase the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may increase the serum concentration of Dasatinib and Dasatinib may increase the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir can increase the metabolism of Pentobarbital and Pentobarbital may decrease the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may decrease the serum concentration of Dabrafenib and Dabrafenib may decrease the serum concentration of Palbociclib Dasabuvir may decrease the metabolism of Atomoxetine and Atomoxetine may decrease the metabolism of Fingolimod and Fingolimod may increase the immunosuppressive activities of Palbociclib
DB00327
DB00768
260
478
Hydromorphone
Olopatadine
Hydromorphone is a pure opioid, a semi-synthetic hydrogenated ketone derivative of [morphine] that has been available clinically since 1920. Structurally, hydromorphone derived from [morphine] in the modification of the hydroxyl group in the carbon 6 to a carbonyl and the absence of a double bond between the carbon 7 and 8. Due to these modifications, it presents a very high potency and comparable side effect profile to the parent compound. Even though hydromorphone does not present a 6-hydroxyl group, it is categorized under the family of phenanthrenes and it is considered a chemical under the schedule II (medical purposes with high addiction potential). The first reported approved product containing hydromorphone in the form of hydromorphone hydrochloride was developed by Fresenius Kabi USA and FDA approved in 1984.
Olopatadine is a selective histamine H1 antagonist and mast cell stabilizer that works by attenuating inflammatory and allergic reactions. It is a structural analog of [doxepin], which has a minimal anti-allergic activity. Olopatadine works by blocking the effects of histamine, which is a primary inflammatory mediator that causes inflammatory and allergic reactions. An ophthalmic solution of olopatadine was approved by the FDA and European Union for the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic conjunctivitis in 1996 and 2002, respectively. In comparison to other anti-allergenic ophthalmic medications, olopatadine displays a good comfort and tolerability profile since it does not cause perturbation of cell membranes. Olopatadine is used for the symptomatic treatment of ocular itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis in ophthalmic formulations and seasonal allergic rhinitis in intranasal formulations. It is currently marketed
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Hydromorphone is combined with Olopatadine.
48
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[ [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Thiothixene" ], [ "Thiothixene", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Doxepin" ], [ "Doxepin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clomipramine" ], [ "Clomipramine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Dyspnoea" ], [ "Dyspnoea", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Pentobarbital" ], [ "Pentobarbital", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Nabilone" ], [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ], [ [ "Hydromorphone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Olopatadine" ] ] ]
Hydromorphone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Thiothixene and Thiothixene (Compound) resembles Olopatadine (Compound) Hydromorphone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Doxepin and Doxepin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Olopatadine Hydromorphone may decrease the metabolism of Clomipramine and Clomipramine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Olopatadine Hydromorphone (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Olopatadine (Compound) Hydromorphone (Compound) causes Dyspnoea (Side Effect) and Dyspnoea (Side Effect) is caused by Olopatadine (Compound) Hydromorphone can increase the metabolism of Pentobarbital and Pentobarbital can increase the metabolism of Olopatadine Hydromorphone can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Olopatadine Hydromorphone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Nabilone and Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Olopatadine Hydromorphone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Olopatadine
DB01175
DB01238
324
932
Escitalopram
Aripiprazole
Escitalopram is a selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) and the S-enantiomer of racemic [citalopram]. It is used to restore serotonergic function in the treatment of depression and anxiety.[L8513,L8516,L8522] Escitalopram is approximately 150 times more potent than citalopram’s R-enantiomer and is responsible for the vast majority of citalopram’s clinical activity, with some evidence suggesting that the R-enantiomer of racemic citalopram actively dampens the activity of escitalopram rather than existing simply as an inactive enantiomer.[A39738,A185819] Amongst SSRIs, escitalopram exerts the highest degree of selectivity for the serotonin transporter (SERT) relative to other off-targets which may explain its lower rates of adverse effects as compared to other agents in this class. Escitalopram also differentiates itself from
Aripiprazole is an atypical antipsychotic orally indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia, bipolar I, major depressive disorder, irritability associated with autism, and Tourette's. It is also indicated as an injection for agitation associated with schizophrenia or bipolar mania. Aripiprazole exerts its effects through agonism of dopaminergic and 5-HT1A receptors and antagonism of alpha-adrenergic and 5-HT2A receptors.[L45859,A4393] Aripiprazole was given FDA approval on November 15, 2002.
Escitalopram may increase the QTc-prolonging activities of Aripiprazole.
19
[ [ [ 324, 42, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 69, 648 ], [ 648, 249, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 225, 1306 ], [ 1306, 71, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 225, 270 ], [ 270, 155, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 6, 12115 ], [ 12115, 160, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 10, 17877 ], [ 17877, 164, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 21, 29387 ], [ 29387, 175, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 225, 674 ], [ 674, 30, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 225, 72 ], [ 72, 38, 932 ] ], [ [ 324, 225, 405 ], [ 405, 192, 932 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Nefazodone" ], [ "Nefazodone", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Vilazodone" ], [ "Vilazodone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Prochlorperazine" ], [ "Prochlorperazine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "SLC6A4" ], [ "SLC6A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} (Compound) palliates {v} (Disease)", "endogenous depression" ], [ "endogenous depression", "{u} (Disease) is palliated by {v} (Compound)", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Eyelid oedema" ], [ "Eyelid oedema", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Orphenadrine" ], [ "Orphenadrine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ], [ [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Magnesium sulfate" ], [ "Magnesium sulfate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Aripiprazole" ] ] ]
Escitalopram may decrease the metabolism of Nefazodone and Nefazodone may increase the serum concentration of Aripiprazole Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Vilazodone and Vilazodone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Aripiprazole Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Prochlorperazine and Prochlorperazine (Compound) resembles Aripiprazole (Compound) Escitalopram (Compound) binds SLC6A4 (Gene) and SLC6A4 (Gene) is bound by Aripiprazole (Compound) Escitalopram (Compound) palliates endogenous depression (Disease) and endogenous depression (Disease) is palliated by Aripiprazole (Compound) Escitalopram (Compound) causes Eyelid oedema (Side Effect) and Eyelid oedema (Side Effect) is caused by Aripiprazole (Compound) Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Aripiprazole Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Orphenadrine and Orphenadrine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Aripiprazole Escitalopram may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Magnesium sulfate and Magnesium sulfate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Aripiprazole
DB06711
DB00321
697
262
Naphazoline
Amitriptyline
Naphazoline is a rapid acting imidazoline sympathomimetic vasoconstrictor of ocular or nasal artierioles[L5804,L5807]. It acts to decrease congestion and is found in many over the counter (OTC) eye drops and nasal preparations[L5804,L5807]. Naphazoline was first developed in 1942 as a nasal formulation for congestion.
Amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that has been used to treat depression for decades. ELAVIL, a previously approved branded product of amitriptyline, was first approved by the FDA in 1961. Amitriptyline has been investigated in the treatment of pain-related conditions, attributed to its analgesic properties.
Naphazoline may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Amitriptyline.
36
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[ [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Mianserin" ], [ "Mianserin", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "ADRA2A" ], [ "ADRA2A", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Intraocular pressure increased" ], [ "Intraocular pressure increased", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Mirtazapine" ], [ "Mirtazapine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may increase the hypertensive activities of {v}", "Dihydroergotamine" ], [ "Dihydroergotamine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Terbinafine" ], [ "Terbinafine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Betaxolol" ], [ "Betaxolol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may increase the tachycardic activities of {v}", "Desvenlafaxine" ], [ "Desvenlafaxine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ], [ [ "Naphazoline", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Celiprolol" ], [ "Celiprolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Amitriptyline" ] ] ]
Naphazoline may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Mianserin and Mianserin (Compound) resembles Amitriptyline (Compound) Naphazoline (Compound) binds ADRA2A (Gene) and ADRA2A (Gene) is bound by Amitriptyline (Compound) Naphazoline (Compound) causes Intraocular pressure increased (Side Effect) and Intraocular pressure increased (Side Effect) is caused by Amitriptyline (Compound) Naphazoline may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Mirtazapine and Mirtazapine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Amitriptyline Naphazoline may increase the hypertensive activities of Dihydroergotamine and Dihydroergotamine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Amitriptyline Naphazoline (Compound) resembles Terbinafine (Compound) and Terbinafine may decrease the metabolism of Amitriptyline Naphazoline may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Betaxolol and Betaxolol may decrease the metabolism of Amitriptyline Naphazoline may increase the tachycardic activities of Desvenlafaxine and Desvenlafaxine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Amitriptyline Naphazoline may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Celiprolol and Celiprolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Amitriptyline
DB01440
DB01545
974
948
gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid
Ethyl loflazepate
Gamma hydroxybutyric acid, commonly abbreviated GHB, is a therapeutic drug which is illegal in multiple countries. It is currently regulated in the US and sold by Jazz Pharmaceuticals under the name Xyrem. However, it is important to note that GHB is a designated Orphan drug (in 1985). Today Xyrem is a Schedule III drug; however GHB remains a Schedule I drug and the illicit use of Xyrem falls under penalties of Schedule I. GHB is a naturally occurring substance found in the central nervous system, wine, beef, small citrus fruits and almost all other living creatures in small amounts. It is used illegally under the street names Juice, Liquid Ecstasy or simply G, either as an intoxicant, or as a date rape drug. Xyrem is a central nervous system depressant that reduces excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy.
null
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid is combined with Ethyl loflazepate.
48
[ [ [ 974, 71, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 225, 407 ], [ 407, 71, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 71, 972 ], [ 972, 155, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 71, 259 ], [ 259, 71, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 225, 229 ], [ 229, 155, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 71, 1270 ], [ 1270, 225, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 71, 442 ], [ 442, 1, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 184, 674 ], [ 674, 30, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 192, 679 ], [ 679, 38, 948 ] ], [ [ 974, 38, 1265 ], [ 1265, 192, 948 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Diazepam" ], [ "Diazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Halazepam" ], [ "Halazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flunitrazepam" ], [ "Flunitrazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Oxazepam" ], [ "Oxazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Fludiazepam" ], [ "Fludiazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nitrazepam" ], [ "Nitrazepam", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Thalidomide" ], [ "Thalidomide", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ], [ [ "gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Nabilone" ], [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Ethyl loflazepate" ] ] ]
gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Diazepam and Diazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Ethyl loflazepate gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Halazepam and Halazepam (Compound) resembles Ethyl loflazepate (Compound) gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Flunitrazepam and Flunitrazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Ethyl loflazepate gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Oxazepam and Oxazepam (Compound) resembles Ethyl loflazepate (Compound) gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Fludiazepam and Fludiazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Ethyl loflazepate gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nitrazepam and Nitrazepam (Compound) resembles Ethyl loflazepate (Compound) gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Ethyl loflazepate gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Thalidomide and Thalidomide may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Ethyl loflazepate gamma-Hydroxybutyric acid may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Nabilone and Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Ethyl loflazepate
DB00397
DB01324
712
1,066
Phenylpropanolamine
Polythiazide
Phenylpropanolamine is a sympathomimetic agent that acts as a nonselective adrenergic receptor agonist and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor. It has been used as a decongestant and appetite suppressant. Currently, it is withdrawn from the market in Canada and the United States due to the risk for hemorrahgic strokes.
A thiazide diuretic with actions and uses similar to those of hydrochlorothiazide. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p826)
Phenylpropanolamine may increase the hypokalemic activities of Polythiazide.
82
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[ [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the hypokalemic activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the hypokalemic activities of {v}", "Quinethazone" ], [ "Quinethazone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the hypokalemic activities of {v}", "Bendroflumethiazide" ], [ "Bendroflumethiazide", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the hypokalemic activities of {v}", "Trichlormethiazide" ], [ "Trichlormethiazide", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Dermatitis" ], [ "Dermatitis", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the tachycardic activities of {v}", "Desvenlafaxine" ], [ "Desvenlafaxine", "{u} may increase the hyponatremic activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of {v}", "Atenolol" ], [ "Atenolol", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of {v}", "Doxazosin" ], [ "Doxazosin", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Furazolidone" ], [ "Furazolidone", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ], [ [ "Phenylpropanolamine", "{u} may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of {v}", "Nebivolol" ], [ "Nebivolol", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Polythiazide" ] ] ]
Phenylpropanolamine may increase the hypokalemic activities of Quinethazone and Quinethazone (Compound) resembles Polythiazide (Compound) Phenylpropanolamine may increase the hypokalemic activities of Bendroflumethiazide and Bendroflumethiazide may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide Phenylpropanolamine may increase the hypokalemic activities of Trichlormethiazide and Trichlormethiazide (Compound) resembles Polythiazide (Compound) Phenylpropanolamine (Compound) causes Dermatitis (Side Effect) and Dermatitis (Side Effect) is caused by Polythiazide (Compound) Phenylpropanolamine may increase the tachycardic activities of Desvenlafaxine and Desvenlafaxine may increase the hyponatremic activities of Polythiazide Phenylpropanolamine may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Atenolol and Atenolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide Phenylpropanolamine may decrease the vasoconstricting activities of Doxazosin and Doxazosin may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide Phenylpropanolamine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Furazolidone and Furazolidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide Phenylpropanolamine may decrease the bronchodilatory activities of Nebivolol and Nebivolol may increase the hypotensive activities of Polythiazide
DB00486
DB00700
1,265
462
Nabilone
Eplerenone
Nabilone (marketed as Cesamet) is a synthetic form of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Δ⁹-THC), the primary psychoactive component of cannabis (marijuana). Although structurally distinct from THC, nabilone mimics THC's structure and pharmacological activity through weak partial agonist activity at Cannabinoid-1 (CB1R) and Cannabinoid-2 (CB2R) receptors, however it is considered to be twice as active as Δ⁹-THC. Nabilone is approved by the FDA for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy in patients who have failed to respond adequately to conventional antiemetic treatments [FDA Label]. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) are the two most abundant cannabinoids found naturally in the resin of the marijuana plant, both of which are pharmacologically active due to their interaction with cannabinoid receptors that are
Eplerenone, an aldosterone receptor antagonist similar to spironolactone, has been shown to produce sustained increases in plasma renin and serum aldosterone, consistent with inhibition of the negative regulatory feedback of aldosterone on renin secretion. The resulting increased plasma renin activity and aldosterone circulating levels do not overcome the effects of eplerenone. Eplerenone selectively binds to recombinant human mineralocorticoid receptors relative to its binding to recombinant human glucocorticoid, progesterone and androgen receptors.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nabilone is combined with Eplerenone.
48
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[ [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Syncope" ], [ "Syncope", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Levodopa" ], [ "Levodopa", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Olopatadine" ], [ "Olopatadine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Rotigotine" ], [ "Rotigotine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nicardipine" ], [ "Nicardipine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Metipranolol" ], [ "Metipranolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Dexmedetomidine" ], [ "Dexmedetomidine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ], [ [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Apomorphine" ], [ "Apomorphine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Eplerenone" ] ] ]
Nabilone (Compound) causes Syncope (Side Effect) and Syncope (Side Effect) is caused by Eplerenone (Compound) Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Primidone and Primidone can increase the metabolism of Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Levodopa and Levodopa may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Olopatadine and Olopatadine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the sedative activities of Rotigotine and Rotigotine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nicardipine and Nicardipine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Metipranolol and Metipranolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Dexmedetomidine and Dexmedetomidine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Eplerenone Nabilone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Apomorphine and Apomorphine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Eplerenone
DB09279
DB09038
1,363
953
Fimasartan
Empagliflozin
Fimasartan is an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB) drug employed in the treatment of both hypertension and heart failure. It has been found to be safe when administered with hydrochlorothiazide (a diuretic) in clinical trials. Fimasartan was initially approved September 9th, 2010 in South Korea and is marketed under the brand name _Kanarb_ by Boryung Pharmaceuticals.
Empagliflozin is an inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2), the transporters primarily responsible for the reabsorption of glucose in the kidney. It is used clinically as an adjunct to diet and exercise, often in combination with other drug therapies,[L13673,L13679,L11479] for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The first known inhibitor of SGLTs, phlorizin, was isolated from the bark of apple trees in 1835 and researched extensively into the 20th century, but was ultimately deemed inappropriate for clinical use given its lack of specificity and significant gastrointestinal side effects. Attempts at overcoming these limitations first saw the development of O-glucoside analogs of phlorizin (e.g. [remogliflozin etabonate]), but these molecules proved relatively pharmacokinetically unstable. The development of C-glucoside phlorizin analogs remedied the issues
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Fimasartan is combined with Empagliflozin.
48
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[ [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tranylcypromine" ], [ "Tranylcypromine", "{u} may increase the hypoglycemic activities of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Levodopa" ], [ "Levodopa", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Carbetocin" ], [ "Carbetocin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Diltiazem" ], [ "Diltiazem", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Eplerenone" ], [ "Eplerenone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Primidone" ], [ "Primidone", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Risperidone" ], [ "Risperidone", "{u} may increase the hypotensive activities of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the hyperkalemic activities of {v}", "Drospirenone" ], [ "Drospirenone", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ], [ [ "Fimasartan", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tranylcypromine" ], [ "Tranylcypromine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Escitalopram" ], [ "Escitalopram", "{u} may increase the hypoglycemic activities of {v}", "Empagliflozin" ] ] ]
Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tranylcypromine and Tranylcypromine may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Levodopa and Levodopa may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Carbetocin and Carbetocin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Diltiazem and Diltiazem may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Eplerenone and Eplerenone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the hypotensive activities of Primidone and Primidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the hypotensive activities of Risperidone and Risperidone may increase the hypotensive activities of Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the hyperkalemic activities of Drospirenone and Drospirenone may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Empagliflozin Fimasartan may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tranylcypromine and Tranylcypromine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Escitalopram and Escitalopram may increase the hypoglycemic activities of Empagliflozin
DB09295
DB00744
1,442
487
Talniflumate
Zileuton
Talniflumate, is an anti-inflammatory molecule studied and used as a mucin regulator in the treatment of cystic fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. In addition, it is used in inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis. Phase I trials with talniflumate for the treatment of cystic fibrosis and COPD were completed in August 2001, and phase II trials were performed in Ireland for the treatment of cystic fibrosis but this research has now been discontinued [L1402, L1405]. Talniflumate has been approved for approximately 20 years in Argentina other countries (excluding the United States, Europe, and Japan).
Leukotrienes are substances that induce numerous biological effects including augmentation of neutrophil and eosinophil migration, neutrophil and monocyte aggregation, leukocyte adhesion, increased capillary permeability, and smooth muscle contraction. These effects contribute to inflammation, edema, mucus secretion, and bronchoconstriction in the airways of asthmatic patients. Zileuton relieves such symptoms through its selective inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase, the enzyme that catalyzes the formation of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. Specifically, it inhibits leukotriene LTB4, LTC4, LTD4, and LTE4 formation. Both the R(+) and S(-) enantiomers are pharmacologically active as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in in vitro systems. The immediate release tablet of Zileuton has been withdrawn from the US market.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Talniflumate is combined with Zileuton.
48
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[ [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tiaprofenic acid" ], [ "Tiaprofenic acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Leflunomide" ], [ "Leflunomide", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tolmetin" ], [ "Tolmetin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Olsalazine" ], [ "Olsalazine", "{u} may increase the nephrotoxic activities of {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Teriflunomide" ], [ "Teriflunomide", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tiaprofenic acid" ], [ "Tiaprofenic acid", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "PTGS1" ], [ "PTGS1", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Tiaprofenic acid" ], [ "Tiaprofenic acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zileuton" ] ], [ [ "Talniflumate", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Leflunomide" ], [ "Leflunomide", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Tiaprofenic acid" ], [ "Tiaprofenic acid", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Zileuton" ] ] ]
Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tiaprofenic acid and Tiaprofenic acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the anticoagulant activities of Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may decrease the metabolism of Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tolmetin and Tolmetin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Olsalazine and Olsalazine may increase the nephrotoxic activities of Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Teriflunomide and Teriflunomide may decrease the serum concentration of Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tiaprofenic acid and Tiaprofenic acid (Compound) binds PTGS1 (Gene) and PTGS1 (Gene) is bound by Zileuton (Compound) Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the anticoagulant activities of Tiaprofenic acid and Tiaprofenic acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Zileuton Talniflumate may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Leflunomide and Leflunomide may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Tiaprofenic acid and Tiaprofenic acid may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Zileuton
DB01086
DB09166
945
480
Benzocaine
Etizolam
Benzocaine is an ester local anesthetic that acts by preventing transmission of impulses along nerve fibers and at nerve endings. It is commonly used for local anesthesia in many over the counter products.[L32454,L32459,L32464] Benzocaine was first used for local anesthesia in dentistry.
Etizolam is a thienodiazepine which is chemically related to benzodiazepine (BDZ) drug class; it differs from BDZs in having a benzene ring replaced with a thiophene ring. It is an agonist at GABA-A receptors and possesses amnesic, anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative and skeletal muscle relaxant properties. Initially introduced in 1983 in Japan as treatment for neurological conditions such as anxiety and sleep disorders, etizolam is marketed in Japan, Italy and India. It is not approved for use by FDA in the US; however it remains unscheduled in several states and is legal for research purposes.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Benzocaine is combined with Etizolam.
48
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[ [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Carbamazepine" ], [ "Carbamazepine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Magnesium sulfate" ], [ "Magnesium sulfate", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Hydrocodone" ], [ "Hydrocodone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Pramipexole" ], [ "Pramipexole", "{u} may increase the sedative activities of {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Ranolazine" ], [ "Ranolazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound) and {u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Procaine" ], [ "Procaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Propoxycaine" ], [ "Propoxycaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Temazepam" ], [ "Temazepam", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Etizolam" ] ], [ [ "Benzocaine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Oxprenolol" ], [ "Oxprenolol", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Etizolam" ] ] ]
Benzocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Carbamazepine and Carbamazepine can increase the metabolism of Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Magnesium sulfate and Magnesium sulfate may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Hydrocodone and Hydrocodone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the sedative activities of Pramipexole and Pramipexole may increase the sedative activities of Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the serum concentration of Ranolazine and Ranolazine may decrease the metabolism of Etizolam Benzocaine (Compound) resembles Procaine (Compound) and Benzocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Procaine and Procaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Propoxycaine and Propoxycaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Temazepam and Temazepam may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Etizolam Benzocaine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Oxprenolol and Oxprenolol may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Etizolam
DB00461
DB00180
804
125
Nabumetone
Flunisolide
Nabumetone was originally developed as a non-acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID).[label] It was thought to avoid trapping of the drug in the stomach by making it unable to dissociate into ions which was believed to reduce GI toxicity by limiting local action. While slightly reduced, possibly due to a degree of cyclooxygenase-2 selectivity (COX-2), nabumetone still produces significant adverse effects in the GI tract.[label,A178903] The molecule itself is a pro-drug with its 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (6-MNA) metabolite acting as a potent COX inhibitor similar in structure to [naproxen]. Nabumetone was developed by Smithkline Beecham under the trade name Relafen and first received FDA approval in December, 1991.
Flunisolide (marketed as AeroBid, Nasalide, Nasarel) is a corticosteroid with anti-inflammatory actions. It is often prescribed as treatment for allergic rhinitis and its principle mechanism of action involves activation of glucocorticoid receptors.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Nabumetone is combined with Flunisolide.
48
[ [ [ 804, 71, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 71, 134 ], [ 134, 1, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 71, 105 ], [ 105, 155, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 21, 28528 ], [ 28528, 175, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 182, 219 ], [ 219, 28, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 233, 198 ], [ 198, 223, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 69, 381 ], [ 381, 223, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 71, 827 ], [ 827, 71, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 49, 830 ], [ 830, 225, 125 ] ], [ [ 804, 182, 687 ], [ 687, 71, 125 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Clocortolone" ], [ "Clocortolone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flumethasone" ], [ "Flumethasone", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Gastroenteritis" ], [ "Gastroenteritis", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Warfarin" ], [ "Warfarin", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the nephrotoxic activities of {v}", "Cyclosporine" ], [ "Cyclosporine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Rucaparib" ], [ "Rucaparib", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Naftifine" ], [ "Naftifine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the neuroexcitatory activities of {v}", "Cinoxacin" ], [ "Cinoxacin", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ], [ [ "Nabumetone", "{u} may increase the anticoagulant activities of {v}", "Nafamostat" ], [ "Nafamostat", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Flunisolide" ] ] ]
Nabumetone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Clocortolone and Clocortolone (Compound) resembles Flunisolide (Compound) Nabumetone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Flumethasone and Flumethasone (Compound) resembles Flunisolide (Compound) Nabumetone (Compound) causes Gastroenteritis (Side Effect) and Gastroenteritis (Side Effect) is caused by Flunisolide (Compound) Nabumetone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Warfarin and Warfarin may increase the anticoagulant activities of Flunisolide Nabumetone may increase the nephrotoxic activities of Cyclosporine and Cyclosporine may decrease the metabolism of Flunisolide Nabumetone may decrease the metabolism of Rucaparib and Rucaparib may decrease the metabolism of Flunisolide Nabumetone may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Naftifine and Naftifine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Flunisolide Nabumetone may increase the neuroexcitatory activities of Cinoxacin and Cinoxacin may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Flunisolide Nabumetone may increase the anticoagulant activities of Nafamostat and Nafamostat may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Flunisolide
DB00169
DB00343
414
461
Cholecalciferol
Diltiazem
Vitamin D, in general, is a secosteroid generated in the skin when 7-dehydrocholesterol located there interacts with ultraviolet irradiation - like that commonly found in sunlight. Both the endogenous form of vitamin D (that results from 7-dehydrocholesterol transformation), vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), and the plant-derived form, vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol), are considered the main forms of vitamin d and are found in various types of food for daily intake. Structurally, ergocalciferol differs from cholecalciferol in that it possesses a double bond between C22 and C23 and has an additional methyl group at C24. Finally, ergocalciferol is pharmacologically less potent than cholecalciferol, which makes vitamin D3 the preferred agent for medical use. Appropriate levels of vitamin D must be upheld in the body in order to maintain calcium and phosphorus levels in a
Diltiazem is a benzothiazepine derivative with antihypertensive and vasodilating properties. Approved in 1982 by the FDA, it is a member of the non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers drug class. It works through various mechanisms of action, but it primarily works by inhibiting the calcium influx into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle during depolarization. Compared to dihydropyridine drugs, such as [nifedipine], that preferentially act on vascular smooth muscle and [verapamil] that directly acts on the heart muscle, diltiazem displays an intermediate specificity to target both the cardiac and vascular smooth muscle. Being a potent vasodilator, diltiazem is used clinically as an antihypertensive, anti-arrhythmic, and as an anti-anginal agent for the management of cardiovascular conditions such as hypertension, chronic stable angina, atrial fibrillation,
The metabolism of Diltiazem can be decreased when combined with Cholecalciferol.
46
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[ [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Phenobarbital" ], [ "Phenobarbital", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Dronedarone" ], [ "Dronedarone", "{u} may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Duloxetine" ], [ "Duloxetine", "{u} may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Yohimbine" ], [ "Yohimbine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Tolterodine" ], [ "Tolterodine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Chloramphenicol" ], [ "Chloramphenicol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} (Compound) resembles {v} (Compound)", "Paricalcitol" ], [ "Paricalcitol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ], [ [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Nelfinavir" ], [ "Nelfinavir", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Diltiazem" ] ] ]
Cholecalciferol (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Diltiazem (Compound) Cholecalciferol can increase the metabolism of Phenobarbital and Phenobarbital can increase the metabolism of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Dronedarone and Dronedarone may increase the atrioventricular blocking activities of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Duloxetine and Duloxetine may increase the orthostatic hypotensive activities of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Yohimbine and Yohimbine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Tolterodine and Tolterodine may decrease the metabolism of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Chloramphenicol and Chloramphenicol may decrease the metabolism of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol (Compound) resembles Paricalcitol (Compound) and Paricalcitol may decrease the metabolism of Diltiazem Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Nelfinavir and Nelfinavir may decrease the metabolism of Diltiazem
DB00877
DB08933
404
1,114
Sirolimus
Luliconazole
Sirolimus, also known as rapamycin, is a macrocyclic lactone antibiotic produced by bacteria _Streptomyces hygroscopicus_, which was isolated from the soil of the Vai Atari region of Rapa Nui (Easter Island). It was first isolated and identified as an antifungal agent with potent anticandida activity; however, after its potent antitumor and immunosuppressive activities were later discovered, it was extensively investigated as an immunosuppressive and antitumour agent. Its primary mechanism of action is the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that regulates cell growth, proliferation, and survival. mTOR is an important therapeutic target for various diseases, as it was shown to regulate longevity and maintain normal glucose homeostasis. Targeting mTOR received more attention especially in cancer, as mTOR signalling pathways are constitutively activated in
Luliconazole is a topical antifungal agent that acts by unknown mechanisms but is postulated to involve altering the synthesis of fungi cell membranes. It was approved by the FDA (USA) in November 2013 and is marketed under the brand name Luzu. Luliconazole is also approved in Japan.
The serum concentration of Luliconazole can be increased when it is combined with Sirolimus.
72
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[ [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Cellulitis" ], [ "Cellulitis", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Methylergometrine" ], [ "Methylergometrine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Ticlopidine" ], [ "Ticlopidine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Cyclosporine" ], [ "Cyclosporine", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Pravastatin" ], [ "Pravastatin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Pergolide" ], [ "Pergolide", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Dasabuvir" ], [ "Dasabuvir", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ], [ [ "Sirolimus", "{u} may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Alogliptin" ], [ "Alogliptin", "{u} may increase the serum concentration of {v}", "Luliconazole" ] ] ]
Sirolimus (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Luliconazole (Compound) Sirolimus (Compound) causes Cellulitis (Side Effect) and Cellulitis (Side Effect) is caused by Luliconazole (Compound) Sirolimus may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Methylergometrine and Methylergometrine may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Luliconazole Sirolimus may decrease the metabolism of Ticlopidine and Ticlopidine may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole Sirolimus may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Cyclosporine and Cyclosporine may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole Sirolimus may increase the serum concentration of Pravastatin and Pravastatin may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole Sirolimus may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with Pergolide and Pergolide may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole Sirolimus may increase the serum concentration of Dasabuvir and Dasabuvir may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole Sirolimus may decrease the therapeutic efficacy of Alogliptin and Alogliptin may increase the serum concentration of Luliconazole
DB00477
DB00206
392
925
Chlorpromazine
Reserpine
The prototypical phenothiazine antipsychotic drug. Like the other drugs in this class, chlorpromazine's antipsychotic actions are thought to be due to long-term adaptation by the brain to blocking dopamine receptors. Chlorpromazine has several other actions and therapeutic uses, including as an antiemetic and in the treatment of intractable hiccup.
An alkaloid found in the roots of Rauwolfia serpentina and R. vomitoria. Reserpine inhibits the uptake of norepinephrine into storage vesicles resulting in depletion of catecholamines and serotonin from central and peripheral axon terminals. It has been used as an antihypertensive and an antipsychotic as well as a research tool, but its adverse effects limit its clinical use. The FDA withdrew its approval for the use of all oral dosage form drug products containing more than 1 mg of reserpine.
The risk or severity of adverse effects can be increased when Chlorpromazine is combined with Reserpine.
48
[ [ [ 392, 71, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 223, 230 ], [ 230, 213, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 6, 8339 ], [ 8339, 160, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 7, 5223 ], [ 5223, 161, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 18, 13574 ], [ 13574, 172, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 21, 28512 ], [ 28512, 175, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 184, 674 ], [ 674, 30, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 69, 615 ], [ 615, 32, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 192, 1083 ], [ 1083, 38, 925 ] ], [ [ 392, 38, 1265 ], [ 1265, 192, 925 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} may increase the severity of adverse effects when combined with {v}", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Yohimbine" ], [ "Yohimbine", "{u} may decrease the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "ABCB1" ], [ "ABCB1", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} (Compound) upregulates {v} (Gene)", "MSMO1" ], [ "MSMO1", "{u} (Gene) is upregulated by {v} (Compound)", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} (Compound) downregulates {v} (Gene)", "IARS2" ], [ "IARS2", "{u} (Gene) is downregulated by {v} (Compound)", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Dizziness" ], [ "Dizziness", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Pregabalin" ], [ "Pregabalin", "{u} can increase the therapeutic efficacy of {v}", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Sildenafil" ], [ "Sildenafil", "{u} may increase the antihypertensive activities of {v}", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Hydrocodone" ], [ "Hydrocodone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Reserpine" ] ], [ [ "Chlorpromazine", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Nabilone" ], [ "Nabilone", "{u} may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of {v}", "Reserpine" ] ] ]
Chlorpromazine may decrease the metabolism of Yohimbine and Yohimbine may decrease the antihypertensive activities of Reserpine Chlorpromazine (Compound) binds ABCB1 (Gene) and ABCB1 (Gene) is bound by Reserpine (Compound) Chlorpromazine (Compound) upregulates MSMO1 (Gene) and MSMO1 (Gene) is upregulated by Reserpine (Compound) Chlorpromazine (Compound) downregulates IARS2 (Gene) and IARS2 (Gene) is downregulated by Reserpine (Compound) Chlorpromazine (Compound) causes Dizziness (Side Effect) and Dizziness (Side Effect) is caused by Reserpine (Compound) Chlorpromazine can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Pregabalin and Pregabalin can increase the therapeutic efficacy of Reserpine Chlorpromazine may decrease the metabolism of Sildenafil and Sildenafil may increase the antihypertensive activities of Reserpine Chlorpromazine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Hydrocodone and Hydrocodone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Reserpine Chlorpromazine may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Nabilone and Nabilone may increase the central nervous system depressant activities of Reserpine
DB00307
DB00976
592
528
Bexarotene
Telithromycin
Bexarotene (Targretin) is an antineoplastic agent indicated by the FDA for Cutaneous T cell lymphoma. It has been used off-label for lung cancer, breast cancer, and Kaposi's sarcoma.
Telithromycin, a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative, belongs to a new chemical class of antibiotics called ketolides. Ketolides have been recently added to the macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin class of antibiotics. Similar to the macrolide antibiotics, telithromycin prevents bacterial growth by interfering with bacterial protein synthesis. Telithromycin binds to the 50S subunit of the 70S bacterial ribosome and blocks further peptide elongation. Binding occurs simultaneously at to two domains of 23S RNA of the 50S ribosomal subunit, domain II and V, where older macrolides bind only to one. It is used to treat mild to moderate respiratory infections.
The metabolism of Telithromycin can be decreased when combined with Bexarotene.
46
[ [ [ 592, 69, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 69, 1088 ], [ 1088, 42, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 6, 4590 ], [ 4590, 160, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 21, 28714 ], [ 28714, 175, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 180, 173 ], [ 173, 26, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 69, 795 ], [ 795, 187, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 69, 575 ], [ 575, 196, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 69, 414 ], [ 414, 69, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 69, 1122 ], [ 1122, 223, 528 ] ], [ [ 592, 97, 352 ], [ 352, 69, 528 ] ] ]
[ [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Clarithromycin" ], [ "Clarithromycin", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} (Compound) binds {v} (Gene)", "CYP3A4" ], [ "CYP3A4", "{u} (Gene) is bound by {v} (Compound)", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} (Compound) causes {v} (Side Effect)", "Insomnia" ], [ "Insomnia", "{u} (Side Effect) is caused by {v} (Compound)", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Nevirapine" ], [ "Nevirapine", "{u} can increase the metabolism of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Ticagrelor" ], [ "Ticagrelor", "{u} may reduce the serum concentration of the active metabolites of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Sulfisoxazole" ], [ "Sulfisoxazole", "{u} may increase the QTc prolonging activities of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Cholecalciferol" ], [ "Cholecalciferol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Lobeglitazone" ], [ "Lobeglitazone", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ], [ [ "Bexarotene", "{u} may decrease the serum concentration of {v}", "Estradiol" ], [ "Estradiol", "{u} may decrease the metabolism of {v}", "Telithromycin" ] ] ]
Bexarotene may decrease the metabolism of Clarithromycin and Clarithromycin may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Telithromycin Bexarotene (Compound) binds CYP3A4 (Gene) and CYP3A4 (Gene) is bound by Telithromycin (Compound) Bexarotene (Compound) causes Insomnia (Side Effect) and Insomnia (Side Effect) is caused by Telithromycin (Compound) Bexarotene can increase the metabolism of Nevirapine and Nevirapine can increase the metabolism of Telithromycin Bexarotene may decrease the metabolism of Ticagrelor and Ticagrelor may reduce the serum concentration of the active metabolites of Telithromycin Bexarotene may decrease the metabolism of Sulfisoxazole and Sulfisoxazole may increase the QTc prolonging activities of Telithromycin Bexarotene may decrease the metabolism of Cholecalciferol and Cholecalciferol may decrease the metabolism of Telithromycin Bexarotene may decrease the metabolism of Lobeglitazone and Lobeglitazone may decrease the metabolism of Telithromycin Bexarotene may decrease the serum concentration of Estradiol and Estradiol may decrease the metabolism of Telithromycin
End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

πŸ”— This dataset is part of the study:

K-Paths: Reasoning over Graph Paths for Drug Repurposing and Drug Interaction Prediction

DrugBank: Inductive Reasoning Dataset

This dataset contains drug pairs annotated with 86 pharmacological relationships (e.g.,DrugA may increase the anticholinergic activities of DrugB). Each entry includes two drugs, an interaction label, drug descriptions, and structured/natural language representations of multi-hop reasoning paths between them. The multi-hop paths were extracted from a biomedical knowledge graph (Hetionet) using K-Paths.

This dataset is useful for evaluating:

  • Path-based biomedical reasoning
  • Knowledge graph inference
  • Inductive reasoning

πŸ’‘ Columns

Column Description
drug1_db, drug2_db DrugBank IDs
drug1_id, drug2_id Node IDs in the KG
drug1_name, drug2_name Names of the drugs
drug1_desc, drug2_desc Drug descriptions
label Natural language description of the interaction
label_idx Numeric encoding of the label
all_paths, all_paths_str, path_str Reasoning paths through the KG

πŸ“¦ Example Record

{
  "drug1_name": "Glycopyrronium",
  "drug2_name": "Cyclopentolate",
  "label": "Glycopyrronium may increase the anticholinergic effect...",
  "path_str": "Glycopyrronium (Compound) resembles Homatropine (Compound)..."
}

## πŸ“₯ How to Load with pandas

```python
import pandas as pd

splits = {
    "train": "drugbank/train.json",
    "test": "drugbank/test.json"
}

train = pd.read_json("hf://datasets/Tassy24/K-Paths-inductive-reasoning-drugbank/" + splits["train"], lines=True)
test = pd.read_json("hf://datasets/Tassy24/K-Paths-inductive-reasoning-drugbank/" + splits["test"], lines=True)


### πŸ“œ Citation (BibTeX)

```bibtex
@article{abdullahi2025k,
  title={K-Paths: Reasoning over Graph Paths for Drug Repurposing and Drug Interaction Prediction},
  author={Abdullahi, Tassallah and Gemou, Ioanna and Nayak, Nihal V and Murtaza, Ghulam and Bach, Stephen H and Eickhoff, Carsten and Singh, Ritambhara},
  journal={arXiv preprint arXiv:2502.13344},
  year={2025}
}
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