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Context: The monetary base consists of coins and Federal Reserve Notes in circulation outside the Federal Reserve Banks and the U.S. Treasury, plus deposits held by depository institutions at Federal Reserve Banks. The adjusted monetary base has increased from approximately 400 billion dollars in 1994, to 800 billion in 2005, and over 3000 billion in 2013. The amount of cash in circulation is increased (or decreased) by the actions of the Federal Reserve System. Eight times a year, the 12-person Federal Open Market Committee meet to determine U.S. monetary policy. Every business day, the Federal Reserve System engages in Open market operations to carry out that monetary policy. If the Federal Reserve desires to increase the money supply, it will buy securities (such as U.S. Treasury Bonds) anonymously from banks in exchange for dollars. Conversely, it will sell securities to the banks in exchange for dollars, to take dollars out of circulation.
Question: What do coins, Federal Reserve Notes and deposits held by despository institutions make up?
Answer: The monetary base
Question: What was the monetary base value in 1994?
Answer: 400 billion dollars
Question: How much did the monetar base value increase to in 2013?
Answer: over 3000 billion
Question: How many times a year does the Federal Open Market Committee meet?
Answer: Eight
Question: What would the Federal Reserve buy to try and increase money supply?
Answer: securities
Question: What do coins, Federal Reserve Notes, and monetary policy make up?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Treasury Bond value in 1994?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did the monetary base value increase to in 1994?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many times a year does the Federal Reserve Bank meet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What would the Federal Open Market Committee buy to try and increase money supply?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The dissolution of the Soviet Union was formally enacted on December 26, 1991, as a result of the declaration no. 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union. The declaration acknowledged the independence of the former Soviet republics and created the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), although five of the signatories ratified it much later or not at all. On the previous day, Soviet President Mikhail Gorbachev, the eighth and last leader of the Soviet Union, resigned, declared his office extinct, and handed over its powers – including control of the Soviet nuclear missile launching codes – to Russian President Boris Yeltsin. That evening at 7:32 p.m., the Soviet flag was lowered from the Kremlin for the last time and replaced with the pre-revolutionary Russian flag.
Question: On what date did the Soviet Union dissolve?
Answer: December 26, 1991
Question: What entity was created in place of the Soviet Union?
Answer: Commonwealth of Independent States
Question: Who was president of the Soviet Union when it came to an end?
Answer: Mikhail Gorbachev,
Question: Who became president of Russia after Gorbachev left office?
Answer: Boris Yeltsin
Question: Which flag replaced the Soviet flag at the Kremlin?
Answer: pre-revolutionary Russian flag. |
Context: Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and Chicago lines originate at South Station, which serves as a major intermodal transportation hub, and stop at Back Bay. Fast Northeast Corridor trains, which serve New York City, Washington, D.C., and points in between, also stop at Route 128 Station in the southwestern suburbs of Boston. Meanwhile, Amtrak's Downeaster service to Maine originates at North Station, despite the current lack of a dedicated passenger rail link between the two railhubs, other than the "T" subway lines.
Question: Where do Amtrack's Northeast corridor and Chicago lines start?
Answer: South Station
Question: Where do Amtrack's Northeast corridor and Chicago lines end?
Answer: Back Bay
Question: Trains serving new Yourk and Washington D.C also stop where?
Answer: Route 128 Station
Question: What suburbs of Boston is the Route 128 Station located in?
Answer: southwestern
Question: Where does the Downeaster service to maine start?
Answer: North Station |
Context: Several years later, in 88 BC, a Roman army was sent to put down an emerging Asian power, king Mithridates of Pontus. The army, however, was defeated. One of Marius' old quaestors, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, had been elected consul for the year, and was ordered by the senate to assume command of the war against Mithridates. Marius, a member of the "populares" party, had a tribune revoke Sulla's command of the war against Mithridates. Sulla, a member of the aristocratic ("optimates") party, brought his army back to Italy and marched on Rome. Sulla was so angry at Marius' tribune that he passed a law intended to permanently weaken the tribunate. He then returned to his war against Mithridates. With Sulla gone, the populares under Marius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna soon took control of the city.
Question: In what year was a Roman army dispatched to terminate the King of Pontus?
Answer: 88 BC
Question: Who was ordered by the senate to become commander in the conflict with King Mithridates?
Answer: Lucius Cornelius Sulla
Question: Who had successfully passed a law whose sole purpose was to lessen the power of the tribunate?
Answer: Sulla
Question: What political party did Lucius Cornelius Sulla belong to?
Answer: populares
Question: What happened after Sulla returned to the conflict with Mithridates?
Answer: Marius and Lucius Cornelius Cinna soon took control of the city |
Context: In 2013–14 a pornographic actor was trying to remove archived images of himself, first by sending multiple DMCA requests to the Archive and then in the Federal Court of Canada.
Question: What was the first method used by the actor in trying to get his images taken down?
Answer: DMCA requests
Question: What legal system did the actor use after filing DMCA petitions?
Answer: Federal Court of Canada
Question: What was the first method used by the actor in trying to get the DMCA taken down?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What legal actions did the actor use after filing pornographic images?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did a pornographic actor send multiple requests to DMCA?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the DMCA trying to remove?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the DMCA trying to remove archived images?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Copyright infringement is the use of works protected by copyright law without permission, infringing certain exclusive rights granted to the copyright holder, such as the right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works. The copyright holder is typically the work's creator, or a publisher or other business to whom copyright has been assigned. Copyright holders routinely invoke legal and technological measures to prevent and penalize copyright infringement.
Question: What are the rights of a content creator that has their work protected?
Answer: right to reproduce, distribute, display or perform the protected work, or to make derivative works
Question: How do creators of content protect their work from infringement?
Answer: copyright law
Question: Who is protected by copyright laws?
Answer: work's creator
Question: What is it called when someone uploads a video to YouTube without the creators permission?
Answer: copyright infringement
Question: You wrote a song that was based on an original work, what is this called?
Answer: derivative works
Question: How do creators of content not protect their work from infringement?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the rights of a content creator that has their work unprotected?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is unprotected by copyright laws?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: You wrote a song that was based on an unoriginal work, what is this called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is it called when someone uploads a video to YouTube with the creators permission?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the Al-Burhan (On Demonstration) section of The Book of Healing, Avicenna discussed the philosophy of science and described an early scientific method of inquiry. He discusses Aristotle's Posterior Analytics and significantly diverged from it on several points. Avicenna discussed the issue of a proper methodology for scientific inquiry and the question of "How does one acquire the first principles of a science?" He asked how a scientist would arrive at "the initial axioms or hypotheses of a deductive science without inferring them from some more basic premises?" He explains that the ideal situation is when one grasps that a "relation holds between the terms, which would allow for absolute, universal certainty." Avicenna then adds two further methods for arriving at the first principles: the ancient Aristotelian method of induction (istiqra), and the method of examination and experimentation (tajriba). Avicenna criticized Aristotelian induction, arguing that "it does not lead to the absolute, universal, and certain premises that it purports to provide." In its place, he develops a "method of experimentation as a means for scientific inquiry."
Question: What philosopher did Avicenna discuss in his The Book of Healing text?
Answer: Aristotle
Question: What work of Aristotle's does Avicenna focus on?
Answer: Posterior Analytics
Question: What method did Avicenna criticize as not leading to absolute certainty?
Answer: Aristotelian induction
Question: What kind of inquiry did Avicenna discover?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What work of Aristotle's did Avicenna closely follow?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What method did Avucenna claim led to absolute certainty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What method was replaced by Aristotelian method of induction?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What philosopher did Avicenna not discuss in his The Book of Healing text?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What work of Aristotle's does Avicenna not focus on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What method did Avicenna support as leading to absolute certainty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What method didn't Avicenna criticize as not leading to absolute certainty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What work of Socrate's does Avicenna focus on?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In Japan, professional wrestling done by female wrestlers is called joshi puroresu (女子プロレス) or joshi puro for short. Female wrestling is usually handled by promotions that specialize in joshi puroresu rather than divisions of otherwise male-dominated promotions, as is the case in the United States. However, joshi puroresu promotions usually have agreements with male puroresu promotions such that they recognize each other's titles as legitimate, and may share cards. All Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling was the dominant joshi organization from the 1970s to the 1990s.
Question: What is professional female wrestling called in Japan?
Answer: joshi puroresu
Question: What is the short form for joshi puroresu?
Answer: joshi puro
Question: What was the major joshi organization for two decades?
Answer: Japan Women's Pro-Wrestling |
Context: The trustees of Columbia University refused to accept Eisenhower's resignation in December 1950, when he took an extended leave from the university to become the Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), and he was given operational command of NATO forces in Europe. Eisenhower retired from active service as an Army general on May 31, 1952, and he resumed his presidency of Columbia. He held this position until January 20, 1953, when he became the President of the United States.
Question: When was Eisenhower's resignation of Columbia turned down?
Answer: December 1950
Question: What role did Eisenhower fill after leaving Columbia?
Answer: Supreme Commander of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Question: On what date did Eisenhower leave active duty in the military?
Answer: May 31, 1952
Question: What job did Eisenhower hold after his second tenure as president of Columbia?
Answer: President of the United States
Question: When did Eisenhower become President of the United States?
Answer: January 20, 1953 |
Context: By the late Middle Ages university towns had grown in wealth and importance as well, and this was reflected in the buildings of some of Europe's ancient universities. Particularly remarkable examples still standing nowadays include the Collegio di Spagna in the University of Bologna, built during the 14th and 15th centuries; the Collegium Carolinum of the University of Prague in Bohemia; the Escuelas mayores of the University of Salamanca in Spain; the chapel of King's College, Cambridge; or the Collegium Maius of the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland.
Question: In what era had university towns grown in wealth and importance?
Answer: the late Middle Ages
Question: What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 15th centuries?
Answer: the Collegio di Spagna
Question: What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bohemia?
Answer: the Collegium Carolinum
Question: What is the name of the secular building at the University of Salamanca in Spain?
Answer: the Escuelas mayores
Question: What is the name of the secular building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland?
Answer: the Collegium Maius
Question: What era had university towns lost wealth and importance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the university building in Bologna, built in the 14th and 17th centuries?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the building at University of Prague in Bahamas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the Escuelas mayores building of the University of Salamanca in Spain destroyed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is no longer the name of the building at the Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Poland?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Himachal Pradesh is spread across valleys, and 90% of the population lives in villages and towns. However, the state has achieved 100% hygiene and practically no single house is without a toilet. The villages are well connected to roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband. Shimla district has maximum urban population of 25%. According to a 2005 Transparency International survey, Himachal Pradesh is ranked the second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala. The hill stations of the state are among the most visited places in the country. The government has successfully imposed environmental protection and tourism development, meeting European standards, and it is the only state which forbids the use of polyethylene and tobacco products.[citation needed]
Question: Where do 90% of the population live in Himachal Pradesh?
Answer: villages and towns
Question: No single house is without?
Answer: a toilet
Question: What are the villages well connected to?
Answer: roads, public health centers, and now with Lokmitra kendra using high-speed broadband
Question: What is Himachal Pradesh rank according to the 2005 Transparency international survey?
Answer: second-least corrupt state in the country after Kerala
Question: What are the most visited places in the country?
Answer: The hill stations
Question: How is Lokmitra kendra ranked after the government regarding corruption?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are the most visited places in Shimla?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has the government done to meet maximum urban population standards?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What products does Shimla forbid the use of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is no health center without in Himachal Pradesh?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Residents of Saint-Barthélemy (Saint-Barthélemoise people) are French citizens and work at establishments on the island. Most of them are descendants of the first settlers, of Breton, Norman, Poitevin, Saintongeais and Angevin lineage. French is the native tongue of the population. English is understood in hotels and restaurants, and a small population of Anglophones have been resident in Gustavia for many years. The St. Barthélemy French patois is spoken by some 500–700 people in the leeward portion of the island and is superficially related to Quebec French, whereas Créole French is limited to the windward side. Unlike other populations in the Caribbean, language preference between the Créole and Patois is geographically, and not racially, determined.[page needed]
Question: What are the people of St. Barts called?
Answer: Saint-Barthélemoise
Question: Of what nation do the people of St. Barts claim citizenship?
Answer: French
Question: What is the native language of St. Barts?
Answer: French
Question: How does the determination between Patois and Creole French usually determined?
Answer: racially
Question: About how many people speak Patois French in St. Barts?
Answer: 500–700
Question: How many people speak English on Saint-Barthelemy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Anglophones are there on Saint-Barthelemy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people comprised the first settlers?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many people speak Creole French?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what side of the island do the Anglophone community live?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: EPN is known for research and education in the applied science, astronomy, atmospheric physics, engineering and physical sciences. The Geophysics Institute monitors over the country`s seismic, tectonic and volcanic activity in the continental territory and in the Galápagos Islands.
Question: What institution is in charge of tracking volcanic activity in the Galápagos Islands?
Answer: The Geophysics Institute |
Context: The English word Slav could be derived from the Middle English word sclave, which was borrowed from Medieval Latin sclavus or slavus, itself a borrowing and Byzantine Greek σκλάβος sklábos "slave," which was in turn apparently derived from a misunderstanding of the Slavic autonym (denoting a speaker of their own languages). The Byzantine term Sklavinoi was loaned into Arabic as Saqaliba صقالبة (sing. Saqlabi صقلبي) by medieval Arab historiographers. However, the origin of this word is disputed.
Question: The word Slav could be derived from what Middle English word?
Answer: sclave
Question: The origin of what Byzantine term is disputed?
Answer: Sklavinoi
Question: The Byzantine Greek σκλάβος sklábos "slave," which was in turn apparently derived from what?
Answer: misunderstanding of the Slavic autonym
Question: The Byzantine term Sklavinoi was loaned into Arabic as Saqaliba by who?
Answer: medieval Arab historiographers
Question: What English word does "sclave" come from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Latin word was a misunderstanding?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What word was loaned from Arabic?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who disputes the origin of the word Saqaliba?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality borrowed the word "Saqaliba"?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Cardinal priests are the most numerous of the three orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church, ranking above the cardinal deacons and below the cardinal bishops. Those who are named cardinal priests today are generally bishops of important dioceses throughout the world, though some hold Curial positions.
Question: Who are the lowest ranking cardinals in the Catholic church?
Answer: cardinal deacons
Question: Who are the highest ranking cardinals in the Catholic Church?
Answer: cardinal bishops
Question: Which rank has the most cardinals?
Answer: Cardinal priests
Question: Who are the highest ranking priests in the Catholic church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who are the most numerous of the four orders of cardinals in the Catholic Church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is the lowest ranking priest in the Catholic Church?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are those named cardinal popes today generally bishops of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What position do some popes currently hold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1853 the Russian Empire on behalf of the Slavic Balkan states began to question the very existence of the Ottoman Empire. The result was the Crimean War, 1853–1856, in which the British Empire and the French Empire supported the Ottoman Empire in its struggle against the incursions of the Russian Empire. Eventually, the Ottoman Empire lost control of the Balkan region.
Question: When did the Russian Empire begin to question the existence of the Ottoman Empire?
Answer: 1853
Question: When was the Crimean War?
Answer: 1853–1856
Question: During the Crimean War who did the British and French support?
Answer: the Ottoman Empire
Question: What was the Ottoman Empire's struggle against in the Crimean War?
Answer: the incursions of the Russian Empire
Question: The Ottoman Empire eventually lost control of what region?
Answer: the Balkan region |
Context: To differentiate Nintendo's new home platform from the early 1980s' common perception of a troubled and shallow video game market, the company freshened its product nomenclature and positioning, and it established a strict product approval and licensing policy. The overall system was referred to as an "Entertainment System" instead of a "video game system", which was centered upon a machine called a "Control Deck" instead of a "console", and which featured software cartridges called "Game Paks" instead of "video games". The 10NES lockout chip system acted as a lock-and-key coupling of each Game Pak and Control Deck, deterring the copying or production of NES games which had not first achieved Nintendo's licensed approval. The packaging of the launch lineup of NES games bore pictures of a very close representation of the actual onscreen graphics of the game, which were of sufficiently recognizable quality on their own. Symbols on the launch games' packaging clearly indicated the genre of the game, in order to reduce consumer confusion. A 'seal of quality' was printed on all appropriately licensed game and accessory packaging. The initial seal stated, "This seal is your assurance that Nintendo has approved and guaranteed the quality of this product". This text was later changed to "Official Nintendo Seal of Quality".
Question: What was Nintendo's euphemism for "video game system?"
Answer: Entertainment System
Question: What did Nintendo use instead of the word console?
Answer: Control Deck
Question: What was the term used by Nintendo instead of "video games?"
Answer: Game Pak
Question: What was printed on all licensed games and accessories by Nintendo?
Answer: seal of quality
Question: The seal of quality took on what eventual name?
Answer: Official Nintendo Seal of Quality
Question: What was Nintendo's non-euphemism for "video game system?"
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What didn't Nintendo use instead of the word console?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the term used by Nintendo instead of "games?"
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was printed on all unlicensed games and accessories by Nintendo?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The seal of quality didn't take on what eventual name?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Since the Balfour Declaration of 1926 and the Statute of Westminster 1931, the all Commonwealth realms have been sovereign kingdoms, the monarch and governors-general acting solely on the advice of the local ministers who generally maintain the support of the legislature and are the ones who secure the passage of bills. They, therefore, are unlikely to advise the sovereign or his or her representative to withhold assent. The power to withhold the royal assent was exercised by Alberta's lieutenant governor, John C. Bowen, in 1937, in respect of three bills passed in the legislature dominated by William Aberhart's Social Credit party. Two bills sought to put banks under the authority of the province, thereby interfering with the federal government's powers. The third, the Accurate News and Information Bill, purported to force newspapers to print government rebuttals to stories to which the provincial cabinet objected. The unconstitutionality of all three bills was later confirmed by the Supreme Court of Canada and by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
Question: What two documents declared all Commonwealth realms as sovereign kingdoms?
Answer: Balfour Declaration of 1926 and the Statute of Westminster 1931
Question: Who exercised the power to withold royal assent in Alberta in 1937?
Answer: John C. Bowen
Question: What the did Accurate News and Information Bill hope to accomplish?
Answer: force newspapers to print government rebuttals to stories to which the provincial cabinet objected
Question: Who decided the unconstitutionality of three bills brought forth by the Social Credit party?
Answer: Supreme Court of Canada and by the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.
Question: No Commonwealth realms are sovereign what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Barker Declaration came into being in what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Declaration of Westminster came into being in what year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many bills sought to put the provinces under the authority of the banks?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Birds are often important to island ecology. Birds have frequently reached islands that mammals have not; on those islands, birds may fulfill ecological roles typically played by larger animals. For example, in New Zealand the moas were important browsers, as are the kereru and kokako today. Today the plants of New Zealand retain the defensive adaptations evolved to protect them from the extinct moa. Nesting seabirds may also affect the ecology of islands and surrounding seas, principally through the concentration of large quantities of guano, which may enrich the local soil and the surrounding seas.
Question: What are often important to island ecology?
Answer: Birds
Question: What type of birds may also affect the ecology of islands and surrounding areas?
Answer: Nesting seabirds
Question: In New Zealand, what were important browsers, as the kereru and kokako are today?
Answer: moas |
Context: Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas primarily focus on Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups and Human mitochondrial DNA haplogroups. "Y-DNA" is passed solely along the patrilineal line, from father to son, while "mtDNA" is passed down the matrilineal line, from mother to offspring of both sexes. Neither recombines, and thus Y-DNA and mtDNA change only by chance mutation at each generation with no intermixture between parents' genetic material. Autosomal "atDNA" markers are also used, but differ from mtDNA or Y-DNA in that they overlap significantly. AtDNA is generally used to measure the average continent-of-ancestry genetic admixture in the entire human genome and related isolated populations.
Question: What does the genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas primarily focus on?
Answer: Human Y-chromosome DNA haplogroups
Question: How is Y-DNA passed along?
Answer: patrilineal line
Question: Which type of DNA is passed from the mother to offspring of both genders?
Answer: mtDNA
Question: What is the only way that Y-DNA and mtDNA change?
Answer: chance mutation
Question: What is AtDNA generally only used to measure?
Answer: average continent-of-ancestry |
Context: In the far eastern part of the state the Chihuahuan Desert dominates due to low precipitation and extremely high temperatures; some areas of the eastern part of the state are so dry no vegetation is found like the Sand Dunes of Samalayuca. There are two distinctive climate zones found in the eastern part of the state: Hot Desert (BWh) and Cool Desert (BWk) which are differentiated by average annual temperature due to differences in elevation. There is a transition zone in the middle of the state between the two extremely different climates from the east and west; this zone is the Steppe characterized by a compromise between juxtaposed climate zones.
Question: What type of land dominates in the eastern part of the state?
Answer: Desert
Question: Which city is known for its sand dunes?
Answer: Samalayuca
Question: Both types of climate zones in the eastern part of the state are what?
Answer: Desert
Question: The transition zone between east and west is called what?
Answer: the Steppe |
Context: However, Reuters reported in June that, to date, Chinese prosecutors have joined an official inquiry into ten collapsed schools during May's devastating earthquake to gain first-hand material of construction quality at the collapsed schools, launch preliminary inquiries and prepare for possible investigations into professional crime. It was also reported that safety checks were to be carried out at schools across China after last month's earthquake.
Question: Why were the schools inspected?
Answer: to gain first-hand material of construction quality
Question: What was to be carried out at schools after the quake?
Answer: safety checks
Question: Who has joined an official inquiry into the school scandal?
Answer: Chinese prosecutors
Question: What investigation are the prosecutors pursuing?
Answer: professional crime
Question: Where are the Chinese going to perform safety checks?
Answer: schools across China
Question: What group reported that Chinese prosecutors were involved in investigating the schoolhouse collapses?
Answer: Reuters |
Context: Coats of arms were very important to the Polish nobility. Its heraldic system evolved together with its neighbours in Central Europe, while differing in many ways from the heraldry of other European countries. Polish knighthood families had its counterparts, links or roots in Moravia (i.e. Poraj) and Germany (i.e. Junosza).
Question: What was very important to the polish nobility?
Answer: Coats of arms
Question: What kind of system was the coats of arms?
Answer: heraldic system
Question: how did the polish nobility system compare to other heraldy countries?
Answer: differing in many ways
Question: Where did polish knightshood originate?
Answer: Moravia (i.e. Poraj) and Germany |
Context: The city had surrendered without a fight to the invading Moors (Berbers and Arabs) by 714 AD, and the cathedral of Saint Vincent was turned into a mosque. Abd al-Rahman I, the first emir of Cordoba, ordered the city destroyed in 755 during his wars against other nobility, but several years later his son, Abdullah, had a form of autonomous rule over the province of Valencia. Among his administrative acts he ordered the building of a luxurious palace, the Russafa, on the outskirts of the city in the neighbourhood of the same name. So far no remains have been found. Also at this time Valencia received the name Medina al-Turab (City of Sand). When Islamic culture settled in, Valencia, then called Balansiyya, prospered from the 10th century, due to a booming trade in paper, silk, leather, ceramics, glass and silver-work. The architectural legacy of this period is abundant in Valencia and can still be appreciated today in the remnants of the old walls, the Baños del Almirante bath house, Portal de Valldigna street and even the Cathedral and the tower, El Micalet (El Miguelete), which was the minaret of the old mosque.
Question: Who commanded that Valencia be destroyed?
Answer: Abd al-Rahman I
Question: What did Abdullah have built outside Valencia?
Answer: the Russafa
Question: What was Valencia named during the time of Abdullah?
Answer: Medina al-Turab
Question: When did Valencia surrender to the Moors?
Answer: by 714 AD
Question: What feature of Valencia used to be a minaret?
Answer: El Micalet |
Context: The Philadelphia dialect, which is spread throughout the Delaware Valley and South Jersey, is part of Mid-Atlantic American English, and as such it is identical in many ways to the Baltimore dialect. Unlike the Baltimore dialect, however, the Philadelphia accent also shares many similarities with the New York accent. Thanks to over a century of linguistics data collected by researchers at the University of Pennsylvania, the Philadelphia dialect under sociolinguist William Labov has been one of the best-studied forms of American English.[f]
Question: Name the accent spoken in the area?
Answer: The Philadelphia dialect
Question: Which dialect is it similar to?
Answer: Baltimore dialect
Question: What other city is similar to Philadelphia's accent?
Answer: New York
Question: Who studies the accent at the University of Pennsylvania?
Answer: William Labov |
Context: The worship of dynastic ruler cults was also a feature of this period, most notably in Egypt, where the Ptolemies adopted earlier Pharaonic practice, and established themselves as god-kings. These cults were usually associated with a specific temple in honor of the ruler such as the Ptolemaieia at Alexandria and had their own festivals and theatrical performances. The setting up of ruler cults was more based on the systematized honors offered to the kings (sacrifice, proskynesis, statues, altars, hymns) which put them on par with the gods (isotheism) than on actual belief of their divine nature. According to Peter Green, these cults did not produce genuine belief of the divinity of rulers among the Greeks and Macedonians. The worship of Alexander was also popular, as in the long lived cult at Erythrae and of course, at Alexandria, where his tomb was located.
Question: What practice did the Ptolemies adopt in which they dubbed themselves god-kings?
Answer: Pharaonic
Question: What theism is practice of putting your self on the level of gods?
Answer: isotheism
Question: A long lived cult in Erythrae worshiped which dead leader?
Answer: Alexander
Question: Where was Alexander's tomb located?
Answer: Alexandria |
Context: According to both Bronkhorst and Anderson, the four truths became a substitution for prajna, or "liberating insight", in the suttas in those texts where "liberating insight" was preceded by the four jhanas. According to Bronkhorst, the four truths may not have been formulated in earliest Buddhism, and did not serve in earliest Buddhism as a description of "liberating insight". Gotama's teachings may have been personal, "adjusted to the need of each person."
Question: Authors Bronkhorst and Anderson claim the four truths bacame a substitution for what?
Answer: prajna
Question: What is prajna called in english?
Answer: liberating insight
Question: Gotamas teachings may have been personal and adjusted to the need of each what?
Answer: person |
Context: Along with professional services, media companies are concentrated in London and the media distribution industry is London's second most competitive sector. The BBC is a significant employer, while other broadcasters also have headquarters around the City. Many national newspapers are edited in London. London is a major retail centre and in 2010 had the highest non-food retail sales of any city in the world, with a total spend of around £64.2 billion. The Port of London is the second-largest in the United Kingdom, handling 45 million tonnes of cargo each year.
Question: What is the second largest port in the UK?
Answer: The Port of London
Question: Approximately how much was spent on non-food retail sales in London in 2010?
Answer: £64.2 billion
Question: How much cargo does the Port of London handle annually?
Answer: 45 million tonnes
Question: What is London's second most competitive industry?
Answer: media distribution
Question: What corporation is the major player in London's media distribution industry?
Answer: The BBC |
Context: The use of the term Middle East as a region of international affairs apparently began in British and American diplomatic circles quite independently of each other over concern for the security of the same country: Iran, then known to the west as Persia. In 1900 Thomas Edward Gordon published an article, The Problem of the Middle East, which began:
Question: Where did the use of the term Middle East as a region of international affairs begin?
Answer: in British and American diplomatic circles
Question: What was Iran known as to the west?
Answer: Persia
Question: When did Thomas Edward Gordon publish "The Problem of the Middle East"?
Answer: 1900
Question: What article did Thomas Edward Gordon publish?
Answer: The Problem of the Middle East
Question: The problem of the Middle East was published by who?
Answer: Thomas Edward Gordon |
Context: Production capacity in Britain and the United States was improved by the invention of the cotton gin by the American Eli Whitney in 1793. Before the development of cotton gins, the cotton fibers had to be pulled from the seeds tediously by hand. By the late 1700s a number of crude ginning machines had been developed. However, to produce a bale of cotton required over 600 hours of human labor, making large-scale production uneconomical in the United States, even with the use of humans as slave labor. The gin that Whitney manufactured (the Holmes design) reduced the hours down to just a dozen or so per bale. Although Whitney patented his own design for a cotton gin, he manufactured a prior design from Henry Odgen Holmes, for which Holmes filed a patent in 1796. Improving technology and increasing control of world markets allowed British traders to develop a commercial chain in which raw cotton fibers were (at first) purchased from colonial plantations, processed into cotton cloth in the mills of Lancashire, and then exported on British ships to captive colonial markets in West Africa, India, and China (via Shanghai and Hong Kong).
Question: What invention improved the cotton industry in both America and Britain?
Answer: cotton gin
Question: What American invented the cotton gin?
Answer: Eli Whitney
Question: Before the use of the cotton gin, how was cotton separated?
Answer: by hand
Question: What business development did the British use to establish a hold on the global cotton market?
Answer: commercial chain
Question: From what source was raw cotton first bought and later resold?
Answer: colonial markets
Question: What invention improved the cotton industry in both Holmes and Britain?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What British person invented the cotton gin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Before the use of the cotton gin, how were bales separated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What business development did the Americans use to establish a hold on the global cotton market?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: From what source were cotton gins first bought and later resold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The earliest examples of neoclassical architecture in Hungary may be found in Vác. In this town the triumphal arch and the neoclassical façade of the baroque Cathedral were designed by the French architect Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval (Isidore Canevale) in the 1760s. Also the work of a French architect Charles Moreau is the garden façade of the Esterházy Palace (1797–1805) in Kismarton (today Eisenstadt in Austria). The two principal architect of Neoclassicism in Hungary was Mihály Pollack and József Hild. Pollack's major work is the Hungarian National Museum (1837–1844). Hild is famous for his designs for the Cathedral of Eger and Esztergom.
Question: In what town is the oldest neoclassical architecture in Hungary?
Answer: Vác
Question: What French architect designed important neoclassical structures in 1760s?
Answer: Isidor Marcellus Amandus Ganneval
Question: Who designed the Esterhazy Palace?
Answer: Charles Moreau
Question: Who is famous for Cathedral Eger and Esztergom?
Answer: József Hild
Question: What is one of the last examples of neoclassical architecture and hungry
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What French architect designed Hungarian Cathedral in the seventeenth century?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Charles Moreau was a chief architect of what you hungry?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What two cathedrals did Pollack design and hungry
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Gymnasts sprint down a runway, which is a maximum of 25 meters in length, before hurdling onto a spring board. The gymnast is allowed to choose where they start on the runway. The body position is maintained while "punching" (blocking using only a shoulder movement) the vaulting platform. The gymnast then rotates to a standing position. In advanced gymnastics, multiple twists and somersaults may be added before landing. Successful vaults depend on the speed of the run, the length of the hurdle, the power the gymnast generates from the legs and shoulder girdle, the kinesthetic awareness in the air, and the speed of rotation in the case of more difficult and complex vaults.
Question: What is the maximum length of a runway?
Answer: 25 meters
Question: Who gets to chose where a gymnast starts to run on the runway?
Answer: The gymnast
Question: What position is the gymnast when in the air?
Answer: a standing position
Question: What are later added to the landing by advanced gymnasts?
Answer: multiple twists and somersaults
Question: What do successful vaults depend on other than speed of the run?
Answer: the length of the hurdle, the power the gymnast generates from the legs and shoulder girdle, the kinesthetic awareness in the air, and the speed of rotation
Question: When does a gymnast put both hands in the air?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is kicking?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do the judges choose?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is it called when gymnasts do routines with their team?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Large scale climatic changes, as have been experienced in the past, are expected to have an effect on the timing of migration. Studies have shown a variety of effects including timing changes in migration, breeding as well as population variations.
Question: What is expected to have an effect on migration timing?
Answer: climatic changes
Question: What have studies shown regarding climate change?
Answer: timing changes in migration
Question: What else is climate change been shown to change?
Answer: breeding as well as population variations |
Context: The first PCBs used through-hole technology, mounting electronic components by leads inserted through holes on one side of the board and soldered onto copper traces on the other side. Boards may be single-sided, with an unplated component side, or more compact double-sided boards, with components soldered on both sides. Horizontal installation of through-hole parts with two axial leads (such as resistors, capacitors, and diodes) is done by bending the leads 90 degrees in the same direction, inserting the part in the board (often bending leads located on the back of the board in opposite directions to improve the part's mechanical strength), soldering the leads, and trimming off the ends. Leads may be soldered either manually or by a wave soldering machine.
Question: If a lead wasn't soldered manually, what device was used?
Answer: wave soldering machine
Question: Which type of PCB construction technique was used first?
Answer: through-hole
Question: In through-hole construction, what are the leads on the front attached to on the back?
Answer: copper traces
Question: For boards with two sides, to what angle are leads bent to in order to install them horizontally?
Answer: 90 degrees
Question: What is improved by bending leads in opposite directions on the back of double-sided PCBs?
Answer: mechanical strength
Question: Vertical installation of through-hole parts with two axial leads in done how?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Vertical installation is done by bending the leads what degrees?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Leads have to be soldered in what way?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: A wave sewing machine can solder the what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: For statistical purposes, the country is divided into three metropolitan areas: Tel Aviv metropolitan area (population 3,206,400), Haifa metropolitan area (population 1,021,000), and Beer Sheva metropolitan area (population 559,700). Israel's largest municipality, in population and area, is Jerusalem with 773,800 residents in an area of 126 square kilometres (49 sq mi) (in 2009). Israeli government statistics on Jerusalem include the population and area of East Jerusalem, which is widely recognized as part of the Palestinian territories under Israeli occupation. Tel Aviv, Haifa, and Rishon LeZion rank as Israel's next most populous cities, with populations of 393,900, 265,600, and 227,600 respectively.
Question: How many metropolitan areas are there?
Answer: three
Question: What metropolitan area has the largest population?
Answer: Tel Aviv
Question: What is the population of Beer Sheva?
Answer: 559,700 |
Context: The fourth a cappella musical to appear Off-Broadway, In Transit, premiered 5 October 2010 and was produced by Primary Stages with book, music, and lyrics by Kristen Anderson-Lopez, James-Allen Ford, Russ Kaplan, and Sara Wordsworth. Set primarily in the New York City subway system its score features an eclectic mix of musical genres (including jazz, hip hop, Latin, rock, and country). In Transit incorporates vocal beat boxing into its contemporary a cappella arrangements through the use of a subway beat boxer character. Beat boxer and actor Chesney Snow performed this role for the 2010 Primary Stages production. According to the show's website, it is scheduled to reopen for an open-ended commercial run in the Fall of 2011. In 2011 the production received four Lucille Lortel Award nominations including Outstanding Musical, Outer Critics Circle and Drama League nominations, as well as five Drama Desk nominations including Outstanding Musical and won for Outstanding Ensemble Performance.
Question: What is the name of the a cappella musical that debuted Off-Broadway in the same year as Perfect Harmony?
Answer: In Transit
Question: Where does most of In Transit take place?
Answer: the New York City subway system
Question: What a cappella vocal style is implemented in many of In Transit's songs?
Answer: beat boxing
Question: How many Lucille Lortel Awards was In Transit nominated for?
Answer: four
Question: What is the name of the actor who played the subway beat boxer?
Answer: Chesney Snow
Question: What role is set in the NY subway system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Chesney Snow premier Off-Broadway?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who were involved in the production of Primary Stages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does Russ Kaplan incorporate in his performance?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When is Primary Stages set to reopen according to the website?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Aleutian Islands are still home to the Aleut people's seafaring society, although they were the first Native Alaskans to be exploited by Russians. Western and Southwestern Alaska are home to the Yup'ik, while their cousins the Alutiiq ~ Sugpiaq lived in what is now Southcentral Alaska. The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region are Athabaskan and primarily known today for their dependence on the caribou within the much-contested Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. The North Slope and Little Diomede Island are occupied by the widespread Inupiat people.
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on protected land?
Answer: The Gwich'in people of the northern Interior region
Question: The Inuplat population inhabit what areas?
Answer: The North Slope and Little Diomede Island
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group was the fist to be exploited by Russians?
Answer: Aleut
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially unknown for hunting caribou on protected land?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which indigenous group is controversially known for hunting caribou on unprotected land?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The Inuplat population don't inhabit what areas?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group wasn't the first to be exploited by Russians?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which Alaskan indigenous group was the last to be exploited by Russians?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The current Mac product family uses Intel x86-64 processors. Apple introduced an emulator during the transition from PowerPC chips (called Rosetta), much as it did during the transition from Motorola 68000 architecture a decade earlier. The Macintosh is the only mainstream computer platform to have successfully transitioned to a new CPU architecture, and has done so twice. All current Mac models ship with at least 8 GB of RAM as standard other than the 1.4 GHz Mac Mini, MacBook Pro (without Retina Display), and MacBook Air. Current Mac computers use ATI Radeon or nVidia GeForce graphics cards as well as Intel graphics built into the main CPU. All current Macs (except for the MacBook Pro without Retina Display) do not ship with an optical media drive that includes a dual-function DVD/CD burner. Apple refers to this as a SuperDrive. Current Macs include two standard data transfer ports: USB and Thunderbolt (except for the MacBook (2015 version), which only has a USB-C port and headphone port). MacBook Pro, iMac, MacBook Air, and Mac Mini computers now also feature the "Thunderbolt" port, which Apple says can transfer data at speeds up to 10 gigabits per second. USB was introduced in the 1998 iMac G3 and is ubiquitous today, while FireWire is mainly reserved for high-performance devices such as hard drives or video cameras. Starting with the then-new iMac G5, released in October 2005, Apple started to include built-in iSight cameras on appropriate models, and a media center interface called Front Row that can be operated by an Apple Remote or keyboard for accessing media stored on the computer. Front Row has been discontinued as of 2011, however, and the Apple Remote is no longer bundled with new Macs.
Question: What is the only mainstream computer platform to successfully transition to a new CPU architecture?
Answer: Macintosh
Question: What is the standard amount of RAM included with almost all current Mac models?
Answer: 8 GB
Question: Which MacBook Pro port can transfer data at speeds up to 10 gigabits per second?
Answer: Thunderbolt
Question: When was the iMac G5 released?
Answer: October 2005
Question: Which interface did Apple introduce that was capable of being operated by an Apple Remote or keyboard for accessing media stored on the computer?
Answer: Front Row
Question: What is the standard amount of RAM shipped with most Mac models?
Answer: 8 GB
Question: What processors are used by the current Mac product family?
Answer: Intel x86-64
Question: How many data transfer ports are included in most current Macs?
Answer: two
Question: According to Apple, how fast can the Thunderbolt port transfer data?
Answer: up to 10 gigabits per second.
Question: What is the only mainstream computer platform to unsuccessfully transition to a new CPU architecture?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the standard amount of ROM included with almost all current Mac models?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which MacBook Pro port can transfer data at speeds up to 20 gigabits per second?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was the iMac G6 released?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which interface did Apple introduce that was capable of being operated by an Microsoft Remote or keyboard for accessing media stored on the computer?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: David Jones was started by David Jones, a Welsh merchant who met Hobart businessman Charles Appleton in London. Appleton established a store in Sydney in 1825 and Jones subsequently established a partnership with Appleton, moved to Australia in 1835, and the Sydney store became known as Appleton & Jones. When the partnership was dissolved in 1838, Jones moved his business to premises on the corner of George Street and Barrack Lane, Sydney. David Jones claims to be the oldest department store in the world still trading under its original name.
Question: What occupation did David Jones have?
Answer: merchant
Question: Where did David Jones and Charles Appleton meet?
Answer: in London
Question: Where did Appleton begin a store in 1825?
Answer: Sydney
Question: What was the store in Sydney called after Jones moved to Australia?
Answer: Appleton & Jones
Question: When did the partnership between Jones and Appleton end?
Answer: 1838
Question: What occupation didn't David Jones have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where didn't David Jones and Charles Appleton meet?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where did Appleton begin a store in 1852?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the store in Sydney called after Jones moved to Austria?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the partnership between Jones and Appleton start?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Before Prince Albert's death, the palace was frequently the scene of musical entertainments, and the greatest contemporary musicians entertained at Buckingham Palace. The composer Felix Mendelssohn is known to have played there on three occasions. Johann Strauss II and his orchestra played there when in England. Strauss's "Alice Polka" was first performed at the palace in 1849 in honour of the queen's daughter, Princess Alice. Under Victoria, Buckingham Palace was frequently the scene of lavish costume balls, in addition to the usual royal ceremonies, investitures and presentations.
Question: The palace frequently hosted which type of events prior to the death of Prince Albert?
Answer: musical entertainments
Question: Which composer played at Buckingham on three occasions?
Answer: Felix Mendelssohn
Question: Which piece of music by Johann Strauss was first performed at Buckingham in honor of Princess Alice?
Answer: Alice Polka
Question: Queen Victoria hosted which type of balls?
Answer: lavish costume balls
Question: Before Prince Albert died what sort of entertainment was held at Buckingham?
Answer: musical entertainments
Question: Which composer played there on three occasions?
Answer: Felix Mendelssohn
Question: Who performed Alice Polka in honor of Princess Alice?
Answer: Johann Strauss II
Question: What type of balls did Queen Victoria hold?
Answer: lavish costume balls
Question: Which type of events prior to the death of Prince Albert were never hosted by the palace?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which composer played at Buckingham on eight occasions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who performed Alice Polka in opposition of Princess Alice?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of balls did Queen Victoria avoid?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What sort of entertainment was banned at Buckingham before Prince Albert died?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Mathematics: The earliest traces of mathematical knowledge in the Indian subcontinent appear with the Indus Valley Civilization (c. 4th millennium BC ~ c. 3rd millennium BC). The people of this civilization made bricks whose dimensions were in the proportion 4:2:1, considered favorable for the stability of a brick structure. They also tried to standardize measurement of length to a high degree of accuracy. They designed a ruler—the Mohenjo-daro ruler—whose unit of length (approximately 1.32 inches or 3.4 centimetres) was divided into ten equal parts. Bricks manufactured in ancient Mohenjo-daro often had dimensions that were integral multiples of this unit of length.
Question: The Indus Valley Civilization was the first to have traces of what?
Answer: mathematical knowledge
Question: What proportional size were the bricks that the civilization used?
Answer: 4:2:1
Question: What characteristic determined the proportions of the bricks?
Answer: stability
Question: What was the name of the ruler that they created?
Answer: the Mohenjo-daro ruler
Question: How long were the units in inches of the Mohenjo-daro ruler?
Answer: 1.32 inches |
Context: Most of Hume's followers have disagreed with his conclusion that belief in an external world is rationally unjustifiable, contending that Hume's own principles implicitly contained the rational justification for such a belief, that is, beyond being content to let the issue rest on human instinct, custom and habit. According to an extreme empiricist theory known as phenomenalism, anticipated by the arguments of both Hume and George Berkeley, a physical object is a kind of construction out of our experiences. Phenomenalism is the view that physical objects, properties, events (whatever is physical) are reducible to mental objects, properties, events. Ultimately, only mental objects, properties, events, exist — hence the closely related term subjective idealism. By the phenomenalistic line of thinking, to have a visual experience of a real physical thing is to have an experience of a certain kind of group of experiences. This type of set of experiences possesses a constancy and coherence that is lacking in the set of experiences of which hallucinations, for example, are a part. As John Stuart Mill put it in the mid-19th century, matter is the "permanent possibility of sensation". Mill's empiricism went a significant step beyond Hume in still another respect: in maintaining that induction is necessary for all meaningful knowledge including mathematics. As summarized by D.W. Hamlin:
Question: What conclusion do most of Hume's followers disagree with?
Answer: that belief in an external world is rationally unjustifiable
Question: What did Hume say can't be rationally justified?
Answer: belief in an external world
Question: What is phenomenalism?
Answer: physical objects, properties, events (whatever is physical) are reducible to mental objects, properties, events
Question: What is subjective idealism closely related to?
Answer: Phenomenalism
Question: What did John Stuart Mill say matter is?
Answer: the "permanent possibility of sensation"
Question: Who founded the phenomenalism philosophy?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did DW Hamlin publish his essays?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Why did John Stuart Mill disagree with Hume?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Phenomenalism begin?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who argued for subjective idealism?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: General gymnastics enables people of all ages and abilities to participate in performance groups of 6 to more than 150 athletes. They perform synchronized, choreographed routines. Troupes may consist of both genders and are not separated into age divisions. The largest general gymnastics exhibition is the quadrennial World Gymnaestrada which was first held in 1939. In 1984 Gymnastics for All was officially recognized first as a Sport Program by the FIG (International Gymnastic Federation), and subsequently by national gymnastic federations worldwide with participants that now number 30 million.
Question: What kind of routines do general gymnastic groups perform?
Answer: synchronized, choreographed routines
Question: What do the troupes consist of?
Answer: of both genders and are not separated into age divisions
Question: When was the first World Gymnaestrada held?
Answer: 1939
Question: What was the first Sport Program recongized by FIG?
Answer: Gymnastics for All
Question: How many participants are there?
Answer: 30 million
Question: What gymnastics are separated into age divisions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did gymnastics first include men?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What enables people of all ages to participate in performance groups of 5 or less?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many gymnasts are governed by FIG?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In what year did gymnastics start having group performances?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 2001, Comcast announced it would acquire the assets of the largest cable television operator at the time, AT&T Broadband, for US$44.5 billion. The proposed name for the merged company was "AT&T Comcast", but the companies ultimately decided to keep only the Comcast name. In 2002, Comcast acquired all assets of AT&T Broadband, thus making Comcast the largest cable television company in the United States with over 22 million subscribers. This also spurred the start of Comcast Advertising Sales (using AT&T's groundwork) which would later be renamed Comcast Spotlight. As part of this acquisition, Comcast also acquired the National Digital Television Center in Centennial, Colorado as a wholly owned subsidiary, which is today known as the Comcast Media Center.
Question: When did Comcast acquire the cable assets of AT&T Broadband?
Answer: 2001
Question: What did Comcast pay for this subsidiary?
Answer: $44.5 billion
Question: What was the original name of AT&T Broadband and Comcast going to be?
Answer: AT&T Comcast
Question: When Comcast purchased AT&T Broadband, how many customers did they service?
Answer: 22 million
Question: Comcast's advertising and commercial production branch was called what?
Answer: Comcast Spotlight
Question: How many customers did AT&T Broadband bring to Comcast?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was Comcast Spotlight renamed as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What year was Comcast Advertising Sales renamed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What city is Comcast Spotlight located in?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did AT&T purchase Comcast for?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
Question: How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?
Answer: £178 billion
Question: In which year was a £178 billion investment made?
Answer: 2015
Question: How many primary missions were included in the 2015 Review?
Answer: four
Question: What is the name of the yearly statement released by the MoD?
Answer: The Strategic Defence and Security Review
Question: How much did the Strategic Defence and Security Review cost to produce?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much did the government invest in four primary missions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the defence policy of the Armed Forces in 2015?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did the Armed Forces take part in four primary missions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the Armed Forces set for the Strategic Defense and Security Review?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Xbox Live Arcade is an online service operated by Microsoft that is used to distribute downloadable video games to Xbox and Xbox 360 owners. In addition to classic arcade games such as Ms. Pac-Man, the service offers some new original games like Assault Heroes. The Xbox Live Arcade also features games from other consoles, such as the PlayStation game Castlevania: Symphony of the Night and PC games such as Zuma. The service was first launched on November 3, 2004, using a DVD to load, and offered games for about US$5 to $15. Items are purchased using Microsoft Points, a proprietary currency used to reduce credit card transaction charges. On November 22, 2005, Xbox Live Arcade was re-launched with the release of the Xbox 360, in which it was now integrated with the Xbox 360's dashboard. The games are generally aimed toward more casual gamers; examples of the more popular titles are Geometry Wars, Street Fighter II' Hyper Fighting, and Uno. On March 24, 2010, Microsoft introduced the Game Room to Xbox Live. Game Room is a gaming service for Xbox 360 and Microsoft Windows that lets players compete in classic arcade and console games in a virtual arcade.
Question: What was a classic title originally offered by the Xbox Live Arcade?
Answer: Ms. Pac-Man
Question: What was a new, original title originally available from Arcade?
Answer: Assault Heroes
Question: What date did the Xbox Live Arcade launch on?
Answer: November 3, 2004
Question: When was Arcade Live relaunched with 360 support?
Answer: November 22, 2005
Question: What is the name of the online virtual arcade that launched in 2010?
Answer: Game Room
Question: How much did the game Zuma cost?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Playstation game was included in 2010?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What games were released as part of the Game Room?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How much was Castlevania: Symphony sold for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When was Xbox Live Arcade decommissioned?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Ibn Tufail (Abubacer) and Ibn al-Nafis were pioneers of the philosophical novel. Ibn Tufail wrote the first Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tufail's Philosophus Autodidactus. Both of these narratives had protagonists (Hayy in Philosophus Autodidactus and Kamil in Theologus Autodidactus) who were autodidactic feral children living in seclusion on a desert island, both being the earliest examples of a desert island story. However, while Hayy lives alone with animals on the desert island for the rest of the story in Philosophus Autodidactus, the story of Kamil extends beyond the desert island setting in Theologus Autodidactus, developing into the earliest known coming of age plot and eventually becoming the first example of a science fiction novel.
Question: What is another name for Ibn Tufail?
Answer: Abubacer
Question: What Arabic book is Ibn Tufail noted for writing?
Answer: Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus)
Question: Who wrote Theologus Autodidactus?
Answer: Ibn al-Nafis
Question: What person wrote The Incoherence of the Philosophers?
Answer: Al-Ghazali
Question: Who was the main chracter of Philosophus Autodidactus?
Answer: Hayy
Question: Who where pioneers of the fictional novel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Ibn Tufil write in response to the novel by Ibn al-Nafis
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Al-Ghazali's write in response to Ibn Tufail's novel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What book by Ibn al-Nafis write about kamil?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Comparsas are held throughout the week, consisting of large groups "of dancers dancing and traveling on the streets, followed by a Carrosa (carriage) where the musicians play. The Comparsa is a development of African processions where groups of devotees follow a given saint or deity during a particular religious celebration". One of the most popular comparsas of Fiesta de Carnaval is the male group comparsa, usually composed of notable men from the community who dress up in outlandish costumes or cross-dress and dance to compete for money and prizes. Other popular activities include body painting and flour fighting. "On the last day of Carnival painters flood the street to paint each other. This simply means that a mixture of water paint and water or raw eggs is used to paint people on the streets, the goal being to paint as many people as you can".
Question: What's the name of the vehicle where the musicians play?
Answer: a Carrosa
Question: What do devotees follow during a particular religious celebration?
Answer: a given saint or deity
Question: Who are usually included the group comparsa?
Answer: notable men from the community
Question: What is used in some of the festive fights?
Answer: flour
Question: What is the goal of the Carnival painters?
Answer: to paint as many people as you can |
Context: After the formal end of Reconstruction, the struggle over power in Southern society continued. Through violence and intimidation against freedmen and their allies, White Democrats regained political power in Tennessee and other states across the South in the late 1870s and 1880s. Over the next decade, the state legislature passed increasingly restrictive laws to control African Americans. In 1889 the General Assembly passed four laws described as electoral reform, with the cumulative effect of essentially disfranchising most African Americans in rural areas and small towns, as well as many poor Whites. Legislation included implementation of a poll tax, timing of registration, and recording requirements. Tens of thousands of taxpaying citizens were without representation for decades into the 20th century. Disfranchising legislation accompanied Jim Crow laws passed in the late 19th century, which imposed segregation in the state. In 1900, African Americans made up nearly 24% of the state's population, and numbered 480,430 citizens who lived mostly in the central and western parts of the state.
Question: Who were targeted by restrictive laws passed in Southern states at the end of the 19th century?
Answer: African Americans
Question: In which year did the Tennessee General Assembly pass electoral reform laws that disenfranchised most African Americans in the state?
Answer: 1889
Question: Who besides African Americans were victims of Tennessee's late-19th century electoral reform?
Answer: poor Whites
Question: What is the name for laws dating from the late-19th century which promoted segregation?
Answer: Jim Crow laws
Question: Approximately how many African Americans lived in Tennessee in 1900?
Answer: 480,430 |
Context: During the early High Middle Ages, Germany was ruled by the Ottonian dynasty, which struggled to control the powerful dukes ruling over territorial duchies tracing back to the Migration period. In 1024, they were replaced by the Salian dynasty, who famously clashed with the papacy under Emperor Henry IV (r. 1084–1105) over church appointments as part of the Investiture Controversy. His successors continued to struggle against the papacy as well as the German nobility. A period of instability followed the death of Emperor Henry V (r. 1111–25), who died without heirs, until Frederick I Barbarossa (r. 1155–90) took the imperial throne. Although he ruled effectively, the basic problems remained, and his successors continued to struggle into the 13th century. Barbarossa's grandson Frederick II (r. 1220–1250), who was also heir to the throne of Sicily through his mother, clashed repeatedly with the papacy. His court was famous for its scholars and he was often accused of heresy. He and his successors faced many difficulties, including the invasion of the Mongols into Europe in the mid-13th century. Mongols first shattered the Kievan Rus' principalities and then invaded Eastern Europe in 1241, 1259, and 1287.
Question: What dynasty controlled Germany in the early High Middle Ages?
Answer: Ottonian
Question: What dynasty ruled Germany starting in 1024?
Answer: Salian
Question: When did Henry IV's reign begin?
Answer: 1084
Question: The clash between Henry IV and the pope was part of what greater conflict?
Answer: Investiture Controversy
Question: What was the regnal name of Frederick I Barbarossa's grandson?
Answer: Frederick II |
Context: Alaska's well-developed state-owned ferry system (known as the Alaska Marine Highway) serves the cities of southeast, the Gulf Coast and the Alaska Peninsula. The ferries transport vehicles as well as passengers. The system also operates a ferry service from Bellingham, Washington and Prince Rupert, British Columbia in Canada through the Inside Passage to Skagway. The Inter-Island Ferry Authority also serves as an important marine link for many communities in the Prince of Wales Island region of Southeast and works in concert with the Alaska Marine Highway.
Question: What is the name of Alaska's ferry system?
Answer: the Alaska Marine Highway
Question: Which other Ferry group works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to coordinate travel?
Answer: The Inter-Island Ferry Authority
Question: Which areas does the Alaska Marine Highway serve?
Answer: southeast, the Gulf Coast and the Alaska Peninsula
Question: What isn't the name of Alaska's ferry system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of Washington's ferry system?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which other Ferry group no longer works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to coordinate travel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which other Ferry group works alongside the Alaska Marine Highway to stop travel?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which areas doesn't the Alaska Marine Highway serve?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Anthropology of development tends to view development from a critical perspective. The kind of issues addressed and implications for the approach simply involve pondering why, if a key development goal is to alleviate poverty, is poverty increasing? Why is there such a gap between plans and outcomes? Why are those working in development so willing to disregard history and the lessons it might offer? Why is development so externally driven rather than having an internal basis? In short why does so much planned development fail?
Question: What perspective does development anthropology view development from?
Answer: critical
Question: What does development anthropology involves doing a lot of?
Answer: pondering
Question: Development anthropologists would like to know why if a goal is to alleviate poverty, that poverty is doing what?
Answer: increasing
Question: When it comes to plans and outcomes, what do development anthropologists look at between them?
Answer: gap
Question: What does a lot of planned development apparently do?
Answer: fail
Question: What tends to view development from a positive perspective?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What field of anthropology has a goal to eleviate poverty?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What looks for the connections between plans and outcomes?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of development rarely fails?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In biology, energy is an attribute of all biological systems from the biosphere to the smallest living organism. Within an organism it is responsible for growth and development of a biological cell or an organelle of a biological organism. Energy is thus often said to be stored by cells in the structures of molecules of substances such as carbohydrates (including sugars), lipids, and proteins, which release energy when reacted with oxygen in respiration. In human terms, the human equivalent (H-e) (Human energy conversion) indicates, for a given amount of energy expenditure, the relative quantity of energy needed for human metabolism, assuming an average human energy expenditure of 12,500 kJ per day and a basal metabolic rate of 80 watts. For example, if our bodies run (on average) at 80 watts, then a light bulb running at 100 watts is running at 1.25 human equivalents (100 ÷ 80) i.e. 1.25 H-e. For a difficult task of only a few seconds' duration, a person can put out thousands of watts, many times the 746 watts in one official horsepower. For tasks lasting a few minutes, a fit human can generate perhaps 1,000 watts. For an activity that must be sustained for an hour, output drops to around 300; for an activity kept up all day, 150 watts is about the maximum. The human equivalent assists understanding of energy flows in physical and biological systems by expressing energy units in human terms: it provides a "feel" for the use of a given amount of energy.
Question: In biology, what is an attribute of all biological systems from the biosphere to the smallest living organism?
Answer: energy
Question: What is often said to be stored by cells in the structures of molecules of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins?
Answer: Energy
Question: What does H-e stand for?
Answer: Human energy conversion
Question: How many watts is in one official horsepower?
Answer: 746 watts
Question: In chemistry, what is an attribute of all biological systems from the biosphere to the smallest living organism?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is often said to be expelled by cells in the structures of molecules of substances such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does E-h stand for?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many watts is in half an official horsepower?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: For tasks lasting a few minutes, an unfit human can generate how many watts?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Most historical accounts state that the island was discovered on 21 May 1502 by the Galician navigator João da Nova sailing at the service of Portugal, and that he named it "Santa Helena" after Helena of Constantinople. Another theory holds that the island found by da Nova was actually Tristan da Cunha, 2,430 kilometres (1,510 mi) to the south, and that Saint Helena was discovered by some of the ships attached to the squadron of Estêvão da Gama expedition on 30 July 1503 (as reported in the account of clerk Thomé Lopes). However, a paper published in 2015 reviewed the discovery date and dismissed the 18 August as too late for da Nova to make a discovery and then return to Lisbon by 11 September 1502, whether he sailed from St Helena or Tristan da Cunha. It demonstrates the 21 May is probably a Protestant rather than Catholic or Orthodox feast-day, first quoted in 1596 by Jan Huyghen van Linschoten, who was probably mistaken because the island was discovered several decades before the Reformation and start of Protestantism. The alternative discovery date of 3 May, the Catholic feast-day for the finding of the True Cross by Saint Helena in Jerusalem, quoted by Odoardo Duarte Lopes and Sir Thomas Herbert is suggested as being historically more credible.
Question: What date was the island discovered on?
Answer: 21 May 1502
Question: What navigator discovered the island?
Answer: João da Nova
Question: What country was João da Nova doing service for?
Answer: Portugal
Question: What person is Saint Helena Island named after?
Answer: Helena of Constantinople |
Context: The first Digimon anime introduced the Digimon life cycle: They age in a similar fashion to real organisms, but do not die under normal circumstances because they are made of reconfigurable data, which can be seen throughout the show. Any Digimon that receives a fatal wound will dissolve into infinitesimal bits of data. The data then recomposes itself as a Digi-Egg, which will hatch when rubbed gently, and the Digimon goes through its life cycle again. Digimon who are reincarnated in this way will sometimes retain some or all their memories of their previous life. However, if a Digimon's data is completely destroyed, they will die.
Question: Are there any circumstances under which a digimon cannot be reborn?
Answer: if a Digimon's data is completely destroyed, they will die
Question: What typically happens when digimon are killed?
Answer: Any Digimon that receives a fatal wound will dissolve into infinitesimal bits of data
Question: What are digimon made of?
Answer: reconfigurable data
Question: How is a digimon reborn?
Answer: The data then recomposes itself as a Digi-Egg, which will hatch when rubbed gently
Question: When was the digimon life cycle first described?
Answer: The first Digimon anime
Question: What was introduced during the first Digimon anime?
Answer: Digimon life cycle
Question: What happened to a digimon that receives a fatal wound?
Answer: dissolve into infinitesimal bits of data
Question: What happens to a digimon after it dissolves?
Answer: goes through its life cycle again
Question: What happens if a Digimons data is completely destroyed?
Answer: they will die
Question: Under what conditions must Digimon be reborn?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What happens when a Digimon receives a nonfatal wound?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did the first Digimon game introduce?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Doing what to the causes the Digimon to be reborn?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is made of a set configuration of data?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Under the Qing dynasty (1644–1911), the Nanjing area was known as Jiangning (江寧) and served as the seat of government for the Viceroy of Liangjiang. It had been visited by the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors a number of times on their tours of the southern provinces. Nanjing was invaded by British troops during the close of the First Opium War, which was ended by the Treaty of Nanjing in 1842. As the capital of the brief-lived rebel Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (founded by the Taiping rebels in the mid-19th century, Nanjing was known as Tianjing (天京, "Heavenly Capital" or "Capital of Heaven").
Question: When was the Qing dynasty in power?
Answer: 1644–1911
Question: What was Nanjing called during the Qing dynasty?
Answer: Jiangning
Question: What emperors visited Nanjing more than once?
Answer: the Kangxi and Qianlong emperors
Question: What year did the First Opium War end?
Answer: 1842 |
Context: In 1219 Pope Honorius III invited Saint Dominic and his companions to take up residence at the ancient Roman basilica of Santa Sabina, which they did by early 1220. Before that time the friars had only a temporary residence in Rome at the convent of San Sisto Vecchio which Honorius III had given to Dominic circa 1218 intending it to become a convent for a reformation of nuns at Rome under Dominic's guidance. In May 1220 at Bologna the order's first General Chapter mandated that each new priory of the order maintain its own studium conventuale thus laying the foundation of the Dominican tradition of sponsoring widespread institutions of learning. The official foundation of the Dominican convent at Santa Sabina with its studium conventuale occurred with the legal transfer of property from Honorius III to the Order of Preachers on June 5, 1222. This studium was transformed into the order's first studium provinciale by Saint Thomas Aquinas in 1265. Part of the curriculum of this studium was relocated in 1288 at the studium of Santa Maria sopra Minerva which in the 16th century world be transformed into the College of Saint Thomas (Latin: Collegium Divi Thomæ). In the 20th century the college would be relocated to the convent of Saints Dominic and Sixtus and would be transformed into the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum.
Question: Where did Dominic and his followers live during early 1220?
Answer: the ancient Roman basilica of Santa Sabina
Question: Who invited Dominic to stay in the Roman Basilica of Santa Sabina?
Answer: Pope Honorius III
Question: What was required of each new priory?
Answer: its own studium conventuale
Question: When did Pope Honorius III transfer property to the Order of Preachers?
Answer: June 5, 1222
Question: The College of Saint Thomas became what institution of learning in the 20th Century?
Answer: the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum
Question: Where did Dominic and his followers live in during early 1320?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What pope did not invite Dominic to stay in the Roman basilica of Santa Sabina?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Pope John Paul II transfer property to the Order of Preachers?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Following the Norman Conquest in 1066, Southampton became the major port of transit between the then capital of England, Winchester, and Normandy. Southampton Castle was built in the 12th century and by the 13th century Southampton had become a leading port, particularly involved in the import of French wine in exchange for English cloth and wool.
Question: In what year did the Norman Conquest take place?
Answer: 1066
Question: What was the capital of England during the time of the Norman Conquest?
Answer: Winchester
Question: Southampton was important to transit between Winchester and what other region in England in the 11th century?
Answer: Normandy
Question: In what century was Southampton Castle built?
Answer: 12th
Question: During the 13th century, what did Southampton get in trade for English cloth and wool?
Answer: French wine |
Context: With the two-factor theory now incorporating cognition, several theories began to argue that cognitive activity in the form of judgments, evaluations, or thoughts were entirely necessary for an emotion to occur. One of the main proponents of this view was Richard Lazarus who argued that emotions must have some cognitive intentionality. The cognitive activity involved in the interpretation of an emotional context may be conscious or unconscious and may or may not take the form of conceptual processing.
Question: Who argued that emotions arise from cognitive intentionality?
Answer: Richard Lazarus
Question: Along with evaluations and thoughts, what cognitive activity did theorists believe to be required for emotion?
Answer: judgments
Question: In Lazarus' view, what could the cognitive activity be if it was not conscious?
Answer: unconscious
Question: Who argued that emotions don't come from cognitive intentionality?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Along with evaluations and thoughts, what cognitive activity did theorists not believe to be required for emotion?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In Lazarus' view, what couldn't the cognitive activity be if it was not conscious?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Except for a few primitive organisms such as sponges (which have no nervous system) and cnidarians (which have a nervous system consisting of a diffuse nerve net), all living multicellular animals are bilaterians, meaning animals with a bilaterally symmetric body shape (that is, left and right sides that are approximate mirror images of each other). All bilaterians are thought to have descended from a common ancestor that appeared early in the Cambrian period, 485-540 million years ago, and it has been hypothesized that this common ancestor had the shape of a simple tubeworm with a segmented body. At a schematic level, that basic worm-shape continues to be reflected in the body and nervous system architecture of all modern bilaterians, including vertebrates. The fundamental bilateral body form is a tube with a hollow gut cavity running from the mouth to the anus, and a nerve cord with an enlargement (a ganglion) for each body segment, with an especially large ganglion at the front, called the brain. The brain is small and simple in some species, such as nematode worms; in other species, including vertebrates, it is the most complex organ in the body. Some types of worms, such as leeches, also have an enlarged ganglion at the back end of the nerve cord, known as a "tail brain".
Question: Creatures that have a diffuse nerve net are called what?
Answer: cnidarians
Question: Bilaterians are animals that have what?
Answer: symmetric body shape
Question: The Cambrian period was how long ago?
Answer: 485-540 million years ago
Question: A nerve cord with an enlargement is called what?
Answer: a ganglion
Question: What type of creature has a ganglion at the back end of the nerve cord as well?
Answer: leeches |
Context: "Milliken was perhaps the greatest missed opportunity of that period," said Myron Orfield, professor of law at the University of Minnesota. "Had that gone the other way, it would have opened the door to fixing nearly all of Detroit's current problems." John Mogk, a professor of law and an expert in urban planning at Wayne State University in Detroit, says, "Everybody thinks that it was the riots [in 1967] that caused the white families to leave. Some people were leaving at that time but, really, it was after Milliken that you saw mass flight to the suburbs. If the case had gone the other way, it is likely that Detroit would not have experienced the steep decline in its tax base that has occurred since then."
Question: What case is cited as a reason for White people leaving Detroit?
Answer: Milliken
Question: What school does John Mogk teach at?
Answer: Wayne State University
Question: At which school did Myron Orfield teach?
Answer: University of Minnesota |
Context: The cardinal protodeacon, the senior cardinal deacon in order of appointment to the College of Cardinals, has the privilege of announcing a new pope's election and name (once he has been ordained to the Episcopate) from the central balcony at the Basilica of Saint Peter in Vatican City State. In the past, during papal coronations, the proto-deacon also had the honor of bestowing the pallium on the new pope and crowning him with the papal tiara. However, in 1978 Pope John Paul I chose not to be crowned and opted for a simpler papal inauguration ceremony, and his three successors followed that example. As a result, the Cardinal protodeacon's privilege of crowning a new pope has effectively ceased although it could be revived if a future Pope were to restore a coronation ceremony. However, the proto-deacon still has the privilege of bestowing the pallium on a new pope at his papal inauguration. “Acting in the place of the Roman Pontiff, he also confers the pallium upon metropolitan bishops or gives the pallium to their proxies.” The current cardinal proto-deacon is Renato Raffaele Martino.
Question: Who announces the election of a new pope?
Answer: The cardinal protodeacon
Question: Where does this person announce the election of the new pope?
Answer: from the central balcony at the Basilica of Saint Peter in Vatican City State
Question: Who was the first pope who chose not to be crowned?
Answer: Pope John Paul I
Question: Who does not have the privilege of announcing a new pope's election?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the junior cardinal deacon in order of appointment to the College of Cardinals also known as?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who announced Pope John Paul I coronation in 1976?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Cardinal protodeacon's privilege was continued after the election of Pope John Paul I?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What position does Renato Raffaele Martinez currently hold?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The on-again, off-again armistice negotiations continued for two years, first at Kaesong, on the border between North and South Korea, and then at the neighbouring village of Panmunjom. A major, problematic negotiation point was prisoner of war (POW) repatriation. The PVA, KPA, and UN Command could not agree on a system of repatriation because many PVA and KPA soldiers refused to be repatriated back to the north, which was unacceptable to the Chinese and North Koreans. In the final armistice agreement, signed on 27 July 1953, a Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission, under the chairman Indian General K. S. Thimayya, was set up to handle the matter.
Question: How long did the armistice talks last?
Answer: two years
Question: What issues stalled the armistice talks?
Answer: prisoner of war (POW) repatriation
Question: What was deemed unacceptable to North Koreans and the Chinese during POW negotiations?
Answer: many PVA and KPA soldiers refused to be repatriated back to the north
Question: When was the armistice agreement finally signed?
Answer: 27 July 1953
Question: What was established to deal with the issues surrounding prisoners of war?
Answer: Neutral Nations Repatriation Commission, |
Context: New York City is home to Fort Hamilton, the U.S. military's only active duty installation within the city. Established in 1825 in Brooklyn on the site of a small battery utilized during the American Revolution, it is one of America's longest serving military forts. Today Fort Hamilton serves as the headquarters of the North Atlantic Division of the United States Army Corps of Engineers as well as for the New York City Recruiting Battalion. It also houses the 1179th Transportation Brigade, the 722nd Aeromedical Staging Squadron, and a military entrance processing station. Other formerly active military reservations still utilized for National Guard and military training or reserve operations in the city include Fort Wadsworth in Staten Island and Fort Totten in Queens.
Question: What is the name of the military base in New York City?
Answer: Fort Hamilton
Question: In what year was Fort Hamilton founded?
Answer: 1825
Question: In what borough is Fort Hamilton located?
Answer: Brooklyn
Question: What division is based at Fort Hamilton?
Answer: North Atlantic Division
Question: What brigade is headquartered at Fort Hamilton?
Answer: 1179th Transportation Brigade
Question: The U.S. military has only one active location in NYC named what?
Answer: Fort Hamilton
Question: When was Fort Hamilton built?
Answer: 1825
Question: Which borough can Fort Hamilton be found?
Answer: Brooklyn
Question: Fort Wadsworth and Fort Totten are located in which area of New York City?
Answer: Queens |
Context: Several performing arts groups and facilities are on the University of Michigan's campus, as are museums dedicated to art, archaeology, and natural history and sciences. Founded in 1879, the University Musical Society is an independent performing arts organization that presents over 60 events each year, bringing international artists in music, dance, and theater. Since 2001 Shakespeare in the Arb has presented one play by Shakespeare each June, in a large park near downtown. Regional and local performing arts groups not associated with the university include the Ann Arbor Civic Theatre, the Arbor Opera Theater, the Ann Arbor Symphony Orchestra, the Ann Arbor Ballet Theater, the Ann Arbor Civic Ballet (established in 1954 as Michigan's first chartered ballet company), The Ark, and Performance Network Theatre. Another unique piece of artistic expression in Ann Arbor is the fairy doors. These small portals are examples of installation art and can be found throughout the downtown area.
Question: When was the University Musical Society founded?
Answer: 1879
Question: How many events does the University Musical Society present in a year?
Answer: over 60
Question: When was the Ann Arbor civic Ballet established?
Answer: 1954
Question: Name Michigan's first Civic chartered company.
Answer: Ann Arbor Civic Ballet
Question: What society was found in 1897 in Ann Arbor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What ballet company was established in 1945?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What organization presents over 6 events each year?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What Civic Theatre is associated with the university?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the yearly event featuring Shakespeare that started in 2011?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: John XXIII died of peritonitis caused by a perforated stomach at 19:49 local time on 3 June 1963 at the age of 81, ending a historic pontificate of four years and seven months. He died just as a Mass for him finished in Saint Peter's Square below, celebrated by Luigi Traglia. After he died, his brow was ritually tapped to see if he was dead, and those with him in the room said prayers. Then the room was illuminated, thus informing the people of what had happened. He was buried on 6 June in the Vatican grottos. Two wreaths, placed on the two sides of his tomb, were donated by the prisoners of the Regina Coeli prison and the Mantova jail in Verona. On 22 June 1963, one day after his friend and successor Pope Paul VI was elected, the latter prayed at his tomb.
Question: What did John XXIII die of?
Answer: peritonitis
Question: What day did he die?
Answer: 3 June 1963
Question: How old was John XXIII upon his death?
Answer: 81
Question: Who celebrated his Mass for him in the square below?
Answer: Luigi Traglia
Question: What day was he buried?
Answer: 6 June
Question: What did Luigi Traglia die of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Luigi Traglia die?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was done to Luigi Traglia's brow to see if he was dead?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was Luigi Traglia buried?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did John XXIII pray at Luigi Traglia's tomb?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On August 18, 2011, the CRTC issued a decision that allows CBC's mandatory market rebroadcasting transmitters in analogue to remain on-air until August 31, 2012. Before that deadline, CBC's licence renewal process would take place and CBC's digital transition plans would be examined as part of that process. The requirement remains for all of CBC's full-power transmitters occupying channels 52 to 69 to either relocate to channels 2 to 51 or become low-power transmitters. In some cases, CBC has opted to reduce the power of existing transmitters to low-power transmitters, which will result in signal loss for some viewers.
Question: On what day did the CRTC agree to allow CBCs broadcasting transmitters to remain active for another year?
Answer: August 18, 2011
Question: Where could CBC's channels need to be relocated in order to continue operating?
Answer: 2 to 51
Question: Which of CBC's channels were required to be relocated or reduced in power?
Answer: 52 to 69
Question: When did the courts hear the case regarding the August 31st deadline?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was agreed upon by the CBC and CRTC as a fair date to extend the deadline to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC stated that the CBC refused to move their operating channels from what positions?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The CRTC stated that the CBC refused to relocate and reduce in power what channels?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Sunlight has influenced building design since the beginning of architectural history. Advanced solar architecture and urban planning methods were first employed by the Greeks and Chinese, who oriented their buildings toward the south to provide light and warmth.
Question: What has influenced the design since the beginning of architectural history?
Answer: Sunlight
Question: Who first utilized solar architecture?
Answer: Greeks and Chinese
Question: In which direction were the buildings built by the Greeks and Chinese facing?
Answer: toward the south |
Context: According to the tradition, Virgil traveled to Greece in about 19 BC to revise the Aeneid. After meeting Augustus in Athens and deciding to return home, Virgil caught a fever while visiting a town near Megara. After crossing to Italy by ship, weakened with disease, Virgil died in Brundisium harbor on September 21, 19 BC. Augustus ordered Virgil's literary executors, Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca, to disregard Virgil's own wish that the poem be burned, instead ordering it published with as few editorial changes as possible. As a result, the text of the Aeneid that exists may contain faults which Virgil was planning to correct before publication. However, the only obvious imperfections are a few lines of verse that are metrically unfinished (i.e. not a complete line of dactylic hexameter). Some scholars have argued that Virgil deliberately left these metrically incomplete lines for dramatic effect. Other alleged imperfections are subject to scholarly debate.
Question: According to tradition, where did Virgil travel in 19 BC to revise the Aeneid?
Answer: Greece
Question: Where did Virgil die?
Answer: Brundisium harbor
Question: What date did Virgil die?
Answer: September 21, 19 BC
Question: Who were Virgil's literary executors?
Answer: Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca
Question: What wish of Virgil's did Lucius Varius Rufus and Plotius Tucca disregard?
Answer: the poem be burned
Question: Where did Augustus die?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What date was the Aeneid published?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Augustus die from?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where was the Aeneid first published?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Exactly how many unfinished lines are in the Aeneid?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Wove paper does not exhibit "laidlines", which are small regular lines left behind on paper when it was handmade in a mould made from rows of metal wires or bamboo. Laidlines are very close together. They run perpendicular to the "chainlines", which are further apart. Handmade paper similarly exhibits "deckle edges", or rough and feathery borders.
Question: What type of lines does wove paper not exhibit?
Answer: Laidlines
Question: What are small regular lines left on paper when handmade in a mould?
Answer: Laidlines
Question: What runs perpendicular to the laidlines?
Answer: chainlines
Question: Which is lines are commonly higher in density, laidlines or chainlines?
Answer: Laidlines
Question: What type of lines run parallel to chainlines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of paper exhibits laidlines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: In which way does handpaper run to chianlines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which type of paper exhibits smooth borders?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of lines are exhibited on woven paper?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What type of lines does wove paper exhibit?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What are large regular lines left on paper when handmade in a mould?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What runs parallel to the laidlines?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which is lines are uncommonly higher in density, laidlines or chainlines?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The official position of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China is that the Ming implemented a policy of managing Tibet according to conventions and customs, granting titles and setting up administrative organs over Tibet. The State Council Information Office of the People's Republic states that the Ming dynasty's Ü-Tsang Commanding Office governed most areas of Tibet. It also states that while the Ming abolished the policy council set up by the Mongol Yuan to manage local affairs in Tibet and the Mongol system of Imperial Tutors to govern religious affairs, the Ming adopted a policy of bestowing titles upon religious leaders who had submitted to the Ming dynasty. For example, an edict of the Hongwu Emperor in 1373 appointed the Tibetan leader Choskunskyabs as the General of the Ngari Military and Civil Wanhu Office, stating:
Question: Who abolished the policy council?
Answer: the Ming
Question: What was the Tibetan leader Choskunskyabs appointed as?
Answer: the General of the Ngari Military and Civil Wanhu Office
Question: Who governed most areas of Tibet?
Answer: Ming dynasty's Ü-Tsang Commanding Office |
Context: The show's massive success in the mid-2000s and early 2010s spawned a number of imitating singing-competition shows, such as Rock Star, Nashville Star, The Voice, Rising Star, The Sing-Off, and The X Factor. Its format also served as a blueprint for non-singing TV shows such as Dancing with the Stars and So You Think You Can Dance, most of which contribute to the current highly competitive reality TV landscape on American television.
Question: What dancing show featuring celebrities has been helped by American Idol?
Answer: Dancing with the Stars
Question: What is another singing show similar to American Idol?
Answer: The Voice |
Context: Motors have very little room for electrical insulation so they generally have low voltage ratings. Because transformers (prior to the development of power electronics) cannot step down DC voltages, trains were supplied with a relatively low DC voltage that the motors can use directly. The most common DC voltages are listed in the previous section. Third (and fourth) rail systems almost always use voltages below 1 kV for safety reasons while overhead wires usually use higher voltages for efficiency. ("Low" voltage is relative; even 600 V can be instantly lethal when touched.)
Question: Why do motors have little space for insulation?
Answer: low voltage ratings
Question: What is most common volatage range used by railway system?
Answer: below 1 kV
Question: Why 1kV voltage is almost always used by rail systems?
Answer: safety reasons
Question: Which system uses higher voltages?
Answer: overhead wires
Question: Is "low" voltage used by trains safe for people?
Answer: lethal
Question: How many volts can be considered nonlethal when touched?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Motors have a lot of room for electrical what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What can step down DC voltages?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Fifth (and sixth) railsystems use what voltages for safety reasons?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What has high voltage ratings?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs.
Question: On runways, what indicate the beginning of the runway for landing?
Answer: green lights
Question: On runways, what indicate the end of the runway?
Answer: red lights
Question: What indicates the edge of a runway?
Answer: white lights
Question: What may low-traffic airports use to save electricity and staffing costs?
Answer: pilot controlled lighting
Question: What does ALS stand for?
Answer: approach lighting system
Question: What does runway edge lighting indicate for landing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What marks the end of the ALS at low-traffic airports?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does using an ALS help save?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does pilot controlled lighting consist of?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do red lights down the the center of the runway indicate?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Capacitors made with any type of dielectric material will show some level of "dielectric absorption" or "soakage". On discharging a capacitor and disconnecting it, after a short time it may develop a voltage due to hysteresis in the dielectric. This effect can be objectionable in applications such as precision sample and hold circuits or timing circuits. The level of absorption depends on many factors, from design considerations to charging time, since the absorption is a time-dependent process. However, the primary factor is the type of dielectric material. Capacitors such as tantalum electrolytic or polysulfone film exhibit very high absorption, while polystyrene or Teflon allow very small levels of absorption. In some capacitors where dangerous voltages and energies exist, such as in flashtubes, television sets, and defibrillators, the dielectric absorption can recharge the capacitor to hazardous voltages after it has been shorted or discharged. Any capacitor containing over 10 joules of energy is generally considered hazardous, while 50 joules or higher is potentially lethal. A capacitor may regain anywhere from 0.01 to 20% of its original charge over a period of several minutes, allowing a seemingly safe capacitor to become surprisingly dangerous.
Question: After discharging and disconnecting a capacitor, what causes it to develop a voltage?
Answer: hysteresis in the dielectric
Question: What does the process of dielectric absorption in a capacitor depend on?
Answer: time-dependent
Question: What level of dielectric absorption would a tantalum electrolytic capacitor display?
Answer: very high absorption
Question: What level of dielectric absorption would a Teflon capacitor exhibit?
Answer: very small levels of absorption
Question: What amount of energy must a capacitor contain in order to be generally considered dangerous?
Answer: over 10 joules of energy
Question: After discharging and disconnecting a capacitor, what causes it to underdevelop a voltage?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What does the process of dielectric absorption in a capacitor not depend on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What level of dielectric absorption would a tantalum electrolytic capacitor never display?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What level of dielectric absorption would a Teflon capacitor never exhibit?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What amount of energy must a capacitor contain in order to never be considered dangerous?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In the same year the first hydrogen-cooled turbogenerator went into service with gaseous hydrogen as a coolant in the rotor and the stator in 1937 at Dayton, Ohio, by the Dayton Power & Light Co.; because of the thermal conductivity of hydrogen gas, this is the most common type in its field today.
Question: In what year did the first hydrogen cooled turbogenerator go into service?
Answer: 1937
Question: What state is the Dayton Power and light Company located?
Answer: Ohio |
Context: At the completion of the west front in 1140, Abbot Suger moved on to the reconstruction of the eastern end, leaving the Carolingian nave in use. He designed a choir that would be suffused with light. To achieve his aims, his masons drew on the several new features which evolved or had been introduced to Romanesque architecture, the pointed arch, the ribbed vault, the ambulatory with radiating chapels, the clustered columns supporting ribs springing in different directions and the flying buttresses which enabled the insertion of large clerestory windows.
Question: When was the west front of Saint Denis completed?
Answer: in 1140
Question: What portion of the reconstruction of Saint Denis was begun after the completion of the west front?
Answer: the eastern end
Question: What style of nave was left unaltered during this portion of the reconstruction of Saint Denis?
Answer: the Carolingian nave
Question: What style of columns did Abbott Suger use when reconstructing Saint Denis?
Answer: clustered columns
Question: What design element allowed the use of large clerestory windows?
Answer: the flying buttresses
Question: When was the south front of Saint Denis removed?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What style of columns did Abbott Suger use when destructing Saint Denis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What style of nave was fully altered during this portion of the reconstruction of Saint Denis?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What design element allowed the use of small clerestory doors?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What portion of the reconstruction of Saint Denis was delayed after the completion of the west front?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Modern biblical scholarship treats the account in the synoptic gospels as a literary creation by the author of the Mark Gospel, amended in the Luke and Matthew accounts, intended to heighten the importance of what they saw as a theologically significant event, and not intended to be taken literally. This image of darkness over the land would have been understood by ancient readers, a typical element in the description of the death of kings and other major figures by writers such as Philo, Dio Cassius, Virgil, Plutarch and Josephus. Géza Vermes describes the darkness account as typical of "Jewish eschatological imagery of the day of the Lord", and says that those interpreting it as a datable eclipse are "barking up the wrong tree".
Question: Who created the account of Jesus?
Answer: author of the Mark Gospel
Question: Who amended the account at a later date?
Answer: Luke
Question: What prompts darkness over the land in old literary works?
Answer: the death of kings and other major figures
Question: What ethnicity are these literary works mostly?
Answer: Jewish
Question: Who describes the idea of an eclipse as totally wrong?
Answer: Géza Vermes
Question: What does Philo believe those who take the image of darkness literally are doing?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What prompted Philo to become a writer?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did Philo not intend to happen after someone read his writings?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What nationality was Dio Cassius?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What group of readers would have read works by Geza Vermes?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The US reacted to the Luna program by embarking on the Ranger program in 1959, managed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory. The Block I Ranger 1 and Ranger 2 suffered Atlas-Agena launch failures in August and November 1961. The 727-pound (330 kg) Block II Ranger 3 launched successfully on January 26, 1962, but missed the Moon. The 730-pound (330 kg) Ranger 4 became the first US spacecraft to reach the Moon, but its solar panels and navigational system failed near the Moon and it impacted the far side without returning any scientific data. Ranger 5 ran out of power and missed the Moon by 725 kilometers (391 nmi) on October 21, 1962. The first successful Ranger mission was the 806-pound (366 kg) Block III Ranger 7 which impacted on July 31, 1964.
Question: The Ranger program from 1959 was managed by what organization?
Answer: NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Question: The first spacecraft to make it to the Moon was what?
Answer: Ranger 4
Question: The first Ranger mission that didn't fail was which one?
Answer: Block III Ranger 7
Question: The Block III Ranger 7 mission successfully reached the moon on what date?
Answer: July 31, 1964
Question: What program led to the establishment of the Ranger program?
Answer: Luna |
Context: Hisham suffered still worse defeats in the east, where his armies attempted to subdue both Tokharistan, with its center at Balkh, and Transoxiana, with its center at Samarkand. Both areas had already been partially conquered, but remained difficult to govern. Once again, a particular difficulty concerned the question of the conversion of non-Arabs, especially the Sogdians of Transoxiana. Following the Umayyad defeat in the "Day of Thirst" in 724, Ashras ibn 'Abd Allah al-Sulami, governor of Khurasan, promised tax relief to those Sogdians who converted to Islam, but went back on his offer when it proved too popular and threatened to reduce tax revenues. Discontent among the Khurasani Arabs rose sharply after the losses suffered in the Battle of the Defile in 731, and in 734, al-Harith ibn Surayj led a revolt that received broad backing from Arabs and natives alike, capturing Balkh but failing to take Merv. After this defeat, al-Harith's movement seems to have been dissolved, but the problem of the rights of non-Arab Muslims would continue to plague the Umayyads.
Question: What was the main city of Tokharistan?
Answer: Balkh
Question: What was the central part of Transoxiana called?
Answer: Samarkand
Question: In what year did the Day of Thirst occur?
Answer: 724
Question: What notable battle occurred in 731?
Answer: Battle of the Defile
Question: Who was the leader of the revolt of 734?
Answer: al-Harith ibn Surayj
Question: Who suffered worse defeats in the west?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What area was easy to govern?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What was the Umayyad victory in 724 called?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What governor stuck to his promise of tax relief to the Sogdians?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who was able to capture Merv?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Ottoman Empire (/ˈɒtəmən/; Ottoman Turkish: دَوْلَتِ عَلِيّهٔ عُثمَانِیّه Devlet-i Aliyye-i Osmâniyye, Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also known as the Turkish Empire, Ottoman Turkey or Turkey, was an empire founded in 1299 by Oghuz Turks under Osman I in northwestern Anatolia. After conquests in the Balkans by Murad I between 1362 and 1389, the Ottoman sultanate was transformed into a transcontinental empire and claimant to the caliphate. The Ottomans ended the Byzantine Empire with the 1453 conquest of Constantinople by Mehmed the Conqueror.
Question: The Ottoman Empire is also known as what three other names?
Answer: Turkish Empire, Ottoman Turkey or Turkey
Question: When was the Ottoman empire founded?
Answer: 1299
Question: Who founded the Ottoman empire?
Answer: Oghuz Turks
Question: Where was the Ottoman empire founded?
Answer: northwestern Anatolia
Question: Conquests by who began the transformation of the Ottoman sultanate into an Empire?
Answer: Murad I |
Context: Although "Nibbāna" (Sanskrit: Nirvāna) is the common term for the desired goal of this practice, many other terms can be found throughout the Nikayas, which are not specified.[note 35]
Question: What is the Sanskrit form of Nibbana?
Answer: Nirvāna
Question: Many terms for Nibbana can be found throughout the what?
Answer: Nikayas
Question: The desired goal for buddhism is what?
Answer: Nirvāna |
Context: Effective verbal or spoken communication is dependent on a number of factors and cannot be fully isolated from other important interpersonal skills such as non-verbal communication, listening skills and clarification. Human language can be defined as a system of symbols (sometimes known as lexemes) and the grammars (rules) by which the symbols are manipulated. The word "language" also refers to common properties of languages. Language learning normally occurs most intensively during human childhood. Most of the thousands of human languages use patterns of sound or gesture for symbols which enable communication with others around them. Languages tend to share certain properties, although there are exceptions. There is no defined line between a language and a dialect. Constructed languages such as Esperanto, programming languages, and various mathematical formalism is not necessarily restricted to the properties shared by human languages. Communication is two-way process not merely one-way.
Question: What is human communication defined as?
Answer: a system of symbols
Question: When does language learning primarily occur most intensively?
Answer: during human childhood
Question: How many human languages are there?
Answer: thousands
Question: What do human languages use to communicate with others?
Answer: patterns of sound or gesture for symbols
Question: What is an example of a language that is not restricted to properties of human language?
Answer: programming languages
Question: When does language learning not occur most intensively?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The combination and patterns of letters and gestures are the basis for thousands of what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: An example of a language that is restricted to properties of human language is what?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Listening skills are not a factor of important interpersonal skills in what type of communication?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Grammars are not used in manipulating the symbols of what?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The Sardinian language is considered to be its own Romance language family, separate not only from standard Italian but also the wider Italo-Dalmatian family, and it includes the Campidanese Sardinian and Logudorese Sardinian variants. However, Gallurese, Sassarese, and Corsican are also spoken in Sardinia, and these languages are considered closely related or derived from the Italian Tuscan language and thus are Italo-Dalmatian languages. Furthermore, the Gallo-Romance language of Ligurian and the Catalan Algherese dialect are also spoken in Sardinia.
Question: Campidanese Sardinian is a variant of what language?
Answer: The Sardinian language
Question: What language is Sassarese closely related to?
Answer: Italian Tuscan
Question: What language family does Gallurese belong to?
Answer: Italo-Dalmatian
Question: What language family does Ligurian belong to?
Answer: Gallo-Romance
Question: Where is the Catalan Algherese dialect spoken?
Answer: Sardinian
Question: Which language is considered to be it's only Sardinian language family?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which language does the Campidanese Sardinian variant include?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where are Romance, Gallurese and Sassarese also spoken?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Which languages are not considered to be related to the Italian Tuscon language?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where is the Romance Algherese dialect spoken?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: After independence, Dutch was dropped as an official language and replaced by Malay. Yet the Indonesian language inherited many words from Dutch: words for everyday life as well as scientific and technological terms. One scholar argues that 20% of Indonesian words can be traced back to Dutch words, many of which are transliterated to reflect phonetic pronunciation e.g. kantoor (Dutch for "office") in Indonesian is kantor, while bus ("bus") becomes bis. In addition, many Indonesian words are calques on Dutch, for example, rumah sakit (Indonesian for "hospital") is calqued on the Dutch ziekenhuis (literally "house of the sick"), kebun binatang ("zoo") on dierentuin (literally "animal garden"), undang-undang dasar ("constitution") from grondwet (literally "ground law"). These account for some of the differences in vocabulary between Indonesian and Malay.
Question: What became the official language of Indonesia after they declared their independence?
Answer: Malay
Question: What's the Indonesian word for "office"?
Answer: kantor
Question: What term describes the literally translated Indonesian versions of Dutch terms that have become standard?
Answer: calques
Question: What Dutch word for a hospital was calqued into the Indonesian "rumah sakit"?
Answer: ziekenhuis
Question: What is the Indonesian calque for the Dutch word that literally translates as "animal garden"?
Answer: kebun binatang |
Context: However, not all highest courts are named as such. Civil law states do not tend to have singular highest courts. Additionally, the highest court in some jurisdictions is not named the "Supreme Court", for example, the High Court of Australia; this is because decisions by the High Court could formerly be appealed to the Privy Council. On the other hand, in some places the court named the "Supreme Court" is not in fact the highest court; examples include the New York Supreme Court, the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories and the former Supreme Court of Judicature of England and Wales, which are all superseded by higher Courts of Appeal.
Question: What kinds of governed nations may not have a specific, individual high court?
Answer: Civil law states
Question: What is an example of a highest court not being specifically called a Supreme Court?
Answer: the High Court of Australia
Question: To which body can decisions made by this specific high court be appealed?
Answer: the Privy Council
Question: What Canadian courts also are not specifically the highest courts in that country?
Answer: the Supreme Courts of several Canadian provinces/territories
Question: What is the highest court in all jurisdictions named?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What do civil law states tend to have?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where can decisions from the Privy Council be appealed to?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the Courts of Appeal superseded by in England?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: In 1912, the Republic of China was established and Sun Yat-sen was inaugurated in Nanjing as the first Provisional President. But power in Beijing already had passed to Yuan Shikai, who had effective control of the Beiyang Army, the most powerful military force in China at the time. To prevent civil war and possible foreign intervention from undermining the infant republic, leaders agreed to Army's demand that China be united under a Beijing government. On March 10, in Beijing, Shikai was sworn in as the second Provisional President of the Republic of China.
Question: When was the Republic of China established?
Answer: 1912
Question: Who was Inaugurated in Nanjing as the first provisional president?
Answer: Sun Yat-sen
Question: Who had control of the Beiyang army?
Answer: Yuan Shikai
Question: What did China agree to avoid the undermining of the Republic?
Answer: agreed to Army's demand that China be united under a Beijing government.
Question: Who was sworn in as the second provisional president of the republic of China?
Answer: Beijing, Shikai |
Context: The Solar Hijri calendar, also called the Shamsi Hijri calendar, and abbreviated as SH, is the official calendar of Iran and Afghanistan. It begins on the vernal equinox. Each of the twelve months corresponds with a zodiac sign. The first six months have 31 days, the next five have 30 days, and the last month has 29 days in usual years but 30 days in leap years. The year of Prophet Muhammad's migration to Medina (622 CE) is fixed as the first year of the calendar, and the New Year's Day always falls on the March equinox.
Question: What is another name for the Shamsi Hijri calender?
Answer: The Solar Hijri calendar
Question: What is one way to abbreviate the Solar Hiljri calender?
Answer: SH
Question: What is the customary calendar of Iran?
Answer: the Shamsi Hijri calendar
Question: How many months are in the Shamsi Hijri calendar?
Answer: twelve months
Question: What is the first year of the Shamsi Hijri Calender based on?
Answer: Prophet Muhammad's migration to Medina
Question: What is the modern name for the Solar Hijri calander?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the official calander of the Islamic world?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What calander ends on the vernal equinox?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What equinox does the calander end on?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What prophets year of birth marks the first year of the calander?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The bodies of vascular plants including clubmosses, ferns and seed plants (gymnosperms and angiosperms) generally have aerial and subterranean subsystems. The shoots consist of stems bearing green photosynthesising leaves and reproductive structures. The underground vascularised roots bear root hairs at their tips and generally lack chlorophyll. Non-vascular plants, the liverworts, hornworts and mosses do not produce ground-penetrating vascular roots and most of the plant participates in photosynthesis. The sporophyte generation is nonphotosynthetic in liverworts but may be able to contribute part of its energy needs by photosynthesis in mosses and hornworts.
Question: What makes up the bodies of vascular plants?
Answer: stems bearing green photosynthesising leaves
Question: Do roots contain chlorophyll?
Answer: generally lack chlorophyll
Question: What makes a plant non-vascular?
Answer: do not produce ground-penetrating vascular roots
Question: How much of a non-vascular plant is involved in photosynthesis?
Answer: most of the plant
Question: How are sporophytes generated in liverworts?
Answer: nonphotosynthetic |
Context: Anti-government protests in 1991 led to a coup, a transitional government, and a new constitution. Opposition to the corrupt and dictatorial regime of General Moussa Traoré grew during the 1980s. During this time strict programs, imposed to satisfy demands of the International Monetary Fund, brought increased hardship upon the country's population, while elites close to the government supposedly lived in growing wealth. Peaceful student protests in January 1991 were brutally suppressed, with mass arrests and torture of leaders and participants. Scattered acts of rioting and vandalism of public buildings followed, but most actions by the dissidents remained nonviolent.
Question: In what year did Mali get a new constitution?
Answer: 1991
Question: In January of 1991 what type of protests were violently curbed?
Answer: student protests
Question: What type of administration did general Mousa Traoré have?
Answer: dictatorial regime
Question: Strict rules were put in place to appease what monetary fund?
Answer: International Monetary Fund
Question: It was rumored that people close to the government lived in what type of condition?
Answer: growing wealth
Question: What stopped a coup in 1991?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Opposition to who grew during the 1990s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who lead violent protests in January 1991?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who is subject to mass arrests in the 1980s?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who performed mostly violent actions?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: As financial assets became more and more complex, and harder and harder to value, investors were reassured by the fact that both the international bond rating agencies and bank regulators, who came to rely on them, accepted as valid some complex mathematical models which theoretically showed the risks were much smaller than they actually proved to be. George Soros commented that "The super-boom got out of hand when the new products became so complicated that the authorities could no longer calculate the risks and started relying on the risk management methods of the banks themselves. Similarly, the rating agencies relied on the information provided by the originators of synthetic products. It was a shocking abdication of responsibility."
Question: Who commented that the super-boom got out of hand when products became so complicated that risk could not be accurately calculated?
Answer: George Soros
Question: What happened to financial assets that made them harder to value?
Answer: more complex
Question: Who did rating agencies rely on for information to rate financial innovation products?
Answer: the originators of synthetic products
Question: When authorities could no longer calculate the risks of complex financial innovation products, who did they rely on for information?
Answer: the banks
Question: Who reassured investors by showing the risk of complex financial innovation products was actually less than they proved to be?
Answer: international bond rating agencies |
Context: In the 18 years under the presidency of Edward Malloy, C.S.C., (1987–2005), there was a rapid growth in the school's reputation, faculty, and resources. He increased the faculty by more than 500 professors; the academic quality of the student body has improved dramatically, with the average SAT score rising from 1240 to 1360; the number of minority students more than doubled; the endowment grew from $350 million to more than $3 billion; the annual operating budget rose from $177 million to more than $650 million; and annual research funding improved from $15 million to more than $70 million. Notre Dame's most recent[when?] capital campaign raised $1.1 billion, far exceeding its goal of $767 million, and is the largest in the history of Catholic higher education.
Question: During what years was Edward Malloy president of Notre Dame?
Answer: 1987–2005
Question: The amount of professors at Notre Dame increased by what amount under Malloy?
Answer: 500
Question: What was the SAT score, on average, at Notre Dame when Edward Malloy became president?
Answer: 1240
Question: When Malloy became president of Notre Dame what was the size of the endowment?
Answer: $350 million
Question: When Malloy reached the end of his time as president how much annuals funding for research did Notre Dame have?
Answer: more than $70 million |
Context: It is an important source of renewable energy and its technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture and distribute solar energy or convert it into solar power. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic systems, concentrated solar power and solar water heating to harness the energy. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air.
Question: What are the technologies used to capture solar energy characterized as?
Answer: passive solar or active solar
Question: What are some active solar techniques used to harness solar energy?
Answer: photovoltaic systems, concentrated solar power and solar water heating
Question: What is an example of a passive solar technique?
Answer: orienting a building to the Sun |
Context: Simple stepper motor drivers entirely energize or entirely de-energize the field windings, leading the rotor to "cog" to a limited number of positions; more sophisticated drivers can proportionally control the power to the field windings, allowing the rotors to position between the cog points and thereby rotate extremely smoothly. This mode of operation is often called microstepping. Computer controlled stepper motors are one of the most versatile forms of positioning systems, particularly when part of a digital servo-controlled system.
Question: What is a trait of a sophisticated stepper motor?
Answer: proportionally control the power to the field windings
Question: What does proportinal control of the field windings in a stepper motor achieve?
Answer: rotate extremely smoothly
Question: What is another name for smooth rotation?
Answer: microstepping
Question: With what other device are stepper motors most versatile?
Answer: digital servo-controlled system
Question: What is not a trait of a sophisticated stepper motor?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What doesn't proportional control of the field windings in a stepper motor achieve?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is another name for rough rotation?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: With what other device aren't stepper motors most versatile?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Subsequently, in October 2001, U.S. forces (with UK and coalition allies) invaded Afghanistan to oust the Taliban regime. On 7 October 2001, the official invasion began with British and U.S. forces conducting airstrike campaigns over enemy targets. Kabul, the capital city of Afghanistan, fell by mid-November. The remaining al-Qaeda and Taliban remnants fell back to the rugged mountains of eastern Afghanistan, mainly Tora Bora. In December, Coalition forces (the U.S. and its allies) fought within that region. It is believed that Osama bin Laden escaped into Pakistan during the battle.
Question: When did the US invade Afghanistan?
Answer: October 2001
Question: Who helped the US invade Afghanistan?
Answer: UK and coalition allies
Question: What was the goal of the US invading Afghanistan?
Answer: oust the Taliban regime
Question: When did the US begin airstrikes on Afghanistan?
Answer: 7 October 2001
Question: Where did bin Laden escape to in Dec 2001?
Answer: Pakistan
Question: What city fell by mid-October in the invasion of Afghanistan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What region did Coalition forces fight in during November?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who escaped to Tora Bora, Pakistan during the December battle?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When did Afghanistan forces invade the UK?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who allied with Afghanistan?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What fell in October 2001?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What is the name of the mountain range in Kabul?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Who escaped into Afghanistan in December?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Gaddafi was a very private individual, who described himself as a "simple revolutionary" and "pious Muslim" called upon by Allah to continue Nasser's work. Reporter Mirella Bianco found that his friends considered him particularly loyal and generous, and asserted that he adored children. She was told by Gaddafi's father that even as a child he had been "always serious, even taciturn", a trait he also exhibited in adulthood. His father said that he was courageous, intelligent, pious, and family oriented.
Question: Whose efforts did Gaddafi see himself as continuing?
Answer: Nasser
Question: What was Gaddafi's religious affiliation?
Answer: Muslim
Question: Who stated that Gaddafi was fond of children?
Answer: Mirella Bianco
Question: What is Mirella Biano's occupation?
Answer: Reporter
Question: Who remarked on Gaddafi's family orientation?
Answer: His father |
Context: An additional 4.6 billion tonnes of uranium are estimated to be in sea water (Japanese scientists in the 1980s showed that extraction of uranium from sea water using ion exchangers was technically feasible). There have been experiments to extract uranium from sea water, but the yield has been low due to the carbonate present in the water. In 2012, ORNL researchers announced the successful development of a new absorbent material dubbed HiCap which performs surface retention of solid or gas molecules, atoms or ions and also effectively removes toxic metals from water, according to results verified by researchers at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.
Question: About how many tonnes of uranium is theorized to be present in the sea?
Answer: 4.6 billion
Question: The presence of what substance in sea water has resulted in low yields when attempting to extract uranium?
Answer: carbonate
Question: What did ORNL call their material that performs surface retention on solid molecules?
Answer: HiCap
Question: Where were ORNL's results verified?
Answer: Pacific Northwest National Laboratory
Question: When was HiCap announced?
Answer: 2012
Question: About how many tonnes of uranium is theorized to be absent in the sea?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: The presence of what substance in fresh water has resulted in low yields when attempting to extract uranium?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: What did ORNL call their material that performs surface retention on liquid molecules?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: Where were ORNL's results unverified?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: When wasn't HiCap announced?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: Valencia's port is the biggest on the Mediterranean western coast, the first of Spain in container traffic as of 2008 and the second of Spain in total traffic, handling 20% of Spain's exports. The main exports are foodstuffs and beverages. Other exports include oranges, furniture, ceramic tiles, fans, textiles and iron products. Valencia's manufacturing sector focuses on metallurgy, chemicals, textiles, shipbuilding and brewing. Small and medium-sized industries are an important part of the local economy, and before the current crisis unemployment was lower than the Spanish average.
Question: What percentage of Spanish exports does Valencia's port handle?
Answer: 20
Question: Valencia has the largest port on which coast?
Answer: Mediterranean western coast
Question: Where does Valencia's port rank among Spanish ports in terms of total traffic?
Answer: second
Question: What type of fruit is exported from Valencia?
Answer: oranges |
Context: Between the German invasion of Poland on 1 September 1939 and the Anglo-French declaration of War against the German Reich on 3 September 1939, the entire city (a total of 120,000 people) was evacuated, like other border towns as well. Until the arrival of the Wehrmacht troops mid-June 1940, the city was, for ten months, completely empty, with the exception of the garrisoned soldiers. The Jews of Strasbourg had been evacuated to Périgueux and Limoges, the University had been evacuated to Clermont-Ferrand.
Question: Who invaded Poland on 1 September 1939?
Answer: German
Question: How many people were evacuated during the invasion?
Answer: 120,000
Question: What troops arrived in mid-June 1940?
Answer: Wehrmacht troops
Question: How long was the city completely empty?
Answer: ten months
Question: Where was the University evacuated?
Answer: Clermont-Ferrand
Question: How many garrisoned soldiers were left in Strasbourg?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: How many Jews of Strasbourg were evacuated?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what date did they begin to evacuate the University?
Answer: Unanswerable
Question: On what date were the Jews of Strasbourg evacuated?
Answer: Unanswerable |
Context: The next great advance in computing power came with the advent of the integrated circuit. The idea of the integrated circuit was first conceived by a radar scientist working for the Royal Radar Establishment of the Ministry of Defence, Geoffrey W.A. Dummer. Dummer presented the first public description of an integrated circuit at the Symposium on Progress in Quality Electronic Components in Washington, D.C. on 7 May 1952.
Question: The integrated circuit of a computer was the idea of whom?
Answer: Geoffrey W.A. Dummer
Question: Where did Geoffrey W.A. Dummer work at?
Answer: Royal Radar Establishment of the Ministry of Defence |
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