domain
stringlengths 2
38
| text
stringlengths 21
166k
| timestamp
stringlengths 20
20
| url
stringlengths 16
3.61k
| V3
stringclasses 15
values | label
stringclasses 15
values | probability
float64 0.07
1
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
wordpress | We love these books for 4th graders. If you want a different level of books, check out our 3rd grade or 5th grade summer lists. Click on the book cover to see a summary and reviews from young readers.
This entry was posted in Book Recommendations, Book Reviews, Educator Resources, Older Readers (3rd-6th Grade), Raising Readers and tagged #bookreviews, #elemteacher, #getkidsreading, #summerreading, bookopolis, children's books, raisingreaders. Bookmark the permalink. | 2019-04-18T23:15:10Z | https://mayorofbookopolis.wordpress.com/2018/04/23/bookopolis-4th-grade-summer-reading-picks-2018/ | Porn | Kids | 0.992689 |
wordpress | Approaching the shoreline of Lake Natron in Tanzania, photographer Nick Brandt faced at eerie sight: There, lying on the earth as still and stiff as statues, were calcified corpses of a variety of birds and bats that had met their untimely demise after crashing into the deadly waters.
Other than serving as a breeding area for the endangered Lesser Flamingo and as a home to certain kinds of algae and bacteria, Lake Natron is inhospitable to life.
Blood-red from the bacteria that live in it, the salt lake is steaming hot, with temperatures that can reach up to 140 degrees Fahrenheit, according to the New Scientist.
“Discovering [these animals] washed up along the shoreline of Lake Natron, I thought they were extraordinary — every last tiny detail perfectly preserved down to the tip of a bat’s tongue, the minute hairs on his face. The entire fish eagle was the most surprising and revelatory find,” Brandt, who photographed these calcified animals in 2010 and 2012, told The Huffington Post in an email Wednesday.
The creatures, he said, were “rock hard” from the calcification.
These stunning shots and other photographs can be found in Nick Brandt’s new book, Across the Ravaged Land. The title is the “third and final volume in Brandt’s trilogy of books documenting the disappearing natural world and animals of East Africa,” according to the photographer’s website.
~ by FSVSF Admin on 4 October, 2013. | 2019-04-24T10:27:22Z | https://selvavidasinfronteras.wordpress.com/2013/10/04/deadly-lake-turns-animals-into-ghostly-statues/ | Porn | News | 0.614706 |
wordpress | Meet some of us at the 9th Joint Natural Products Conference 2016 next week in Copenhagen. The conference will take place July 24-27, 2016 at Tivoli Congress Centre in central Copenhagen.
Welcome in Paris for the i-NPChem inaugural Symposium! | 2019-04-25T07:59:09Z | https://inpchem.wordpress.com/2016/07/22/jnpc2016/ | Porn | Business | 0.832425 |
wordpress | Are you planted and prosperous?
Prosperity does not always mean money!
If a tree is planted by streams of water and yields its fruit in season, that tree is fruitful. It can be considered prosperous. It does exceedingly well exactly what it was created to do!
Do you judge others by financial prosperity? Do you judge yourself by financial prosperity?
Sadly, we have a tendency to judge prosperity by worldly benchmarks where financial gain is the easiest one to measure. We do this regardless of what calling God has placed on the individuals being measured. Please don’t misunderstand me and think that financial prosperity is not from God. It is very possible to be called by God to something where financial prosperity is needed. It is not exactly easy to have the gift of generosity and not have the means to fulfill that gift.
We must realize that not everyone is gifted the same.
So Christ himself gave the apostles, the prophets, the evangelists, the pastors and teachers, to equip his people for works of service, so that the body of Christ may be built up until we all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ.
Each person has been gifted differently in order to equip us for His service. If we are obedient and serve as we are called, we will prosper. We will have an impact utilizing the gifts that we have been given. Just as the tree planted by streams of water yields it fruit, if we are obedient and stay planted in our calling, we will produce a yield. We will prosper in what we have been called to do.
We will be held accountable!
We just finished a three day weekend in which we were supposed to stop and remember those who have given their lives so that we could have the freedoms that we have. I am extremely thankful to those who have served in the US military and have fought for our freedoms. We, as a nation, owe them more than we can ever begin to repay.
There is another group of people whom we need to be thankful to. A group that we, as the Body of Christ, must remember for their sacrifices that helped to spread the Gospel of Jesus Christ.
We must remember the heroes of the faith. Some call them saints. Some call them out as torchbearers. Whatever you may call them, the people who have gone before us and paved the way for our faith must be remembered. They must be thanked, for without them, we would not have been handed the mantle of faith that we possess.
We, as the current standard bearers in the faith, must be vigilant in our faith. We owe it to the next generation to pass the truth of God’s Word to them. We must not alter it to meet society’s expectations. We must not alter it to meet our own desires. We must not change what God is saying.
Our generation are the apostles. We are the prophets. We are the evangelists, pastors and teachers. It is our responsibility to pass this on just as we received it. Society may try to change God’s Word, but we must be steadfast and use God’s Word to change society.
Do you want future generations to look upon us as the ones who corrupted God’s Word?
Do you want God to look upon us as the ones who corrupted His Word?
What is your spiritual aptitude?
Have you ever taken an aptitude test? You know the tests I am talking about. You answer a bunch of questions by filling in a circle under a number that represents how much the question sound like you. Perhaps you have taken something similar to this that was labeled a personality test. These tests are designed to help you figure out what you are good at and how you see the world. They try to label you with terms that can be used to fit people into the proverbial box. These tests use terms like Type A, Administrator, Caregiver, Visionary, and whatever else you can imagine.
It is interesting that we are told that God gave some to be apostles, some to be prophets, some to be evangelists, and some to be pastors and teachers. We recognize the fact that each of us is not the same when it comes to spiritual gifts and completely fail to allow that concept to apply to our physical world and the gifts that we have.
Is Jesus telling us that the spiritual world and the physical world are closely connected? Do our spiritual gifts manifest themselves in the physical world? Can someone who does not have the spiritual gift of administration perform an administrative task in the physical world? Can someone who does not have the spiritual gift of discernment operate in the physical world as a counselor? Can someone who has the gift of prophecy do things that are contrary to God’s Word?
I recently took a test to discover my spiritual gifts. The results gave me mixed emotions. I suppose that I knew beforehand what the outcome would be, but it still surprised me to see the results. They confirmed what I had felt, but never really accepted.
God gave us each unique gifts that He desires for us to use in both the spiritual and the physical, for the two are not separate. They are closely tied to one another. What gifts you are given can manifest themselves in both aspects of your life.
Are you gifts united in your life for the glory of Jesus Christ? | 2019-04-23T10:27:47Z | https://dailylivingministries.wordpress.com/tag/pastors/ | Porn | Reference | 0.157459 |
google | A modular connector includes at least a pair of dielectric housing modules defining at least one conductor-receiving passage therebetween. The passage is split axially whereby a passage portion is disposed in each housing module. The housing modules are plated with conductive shielding material at least in the area of the split passage. A conductor, for example, a coaxial cable section or a differential signal pair, surrounding by a dielectric sheath is disposed in the conductor-receiving passage.
FIG. 13 is an exploded perspective view of an alternate embodiment of the modular shielded connector of FIG. 12.
Referring to the drawings in greater detail, and first to FIG. 1, a first embodiment of a modular shielded coaxial cable connector, generally designated 10, is shown according to the invention. The connector includes at least a pair of plated housing modules, generally designated 12, defining a plurality of cable-receiving passages, generally designated 14, therebetween. A coaxial cable section, generally designated 16, is disposed in one or more or all of passages 14. Only one coaxial cable section is shown to avoid cluttering the illustration. Enlarged receptacle areas 18 are provided at one or both of the ends of each passage 14. Although described as a modular shielded coaxial cable connector, it is understood that the invention disclosed herein may also be used with any type of signal conductor.
More particularly, each cable-receiving passage 14 is split axially whereby a passage portion 14 a, 14 b is disposed in each housing module 12 for each passage. Preferably, the passages are split generally along centerlines thereof, whereby passage portions 14 comprise passage-halves 14 a, 14 b which combine to form the whole passages, although non-centerline split passages are possible (not shown). In addition, the modular shielded coaxial connector may be circular, as illustrated in FIG. 9, with each of the housing modules 12′ being generally pie-shaped. FIG. 1 shows housing modules 12 separated to better illustrate the opposing passage-halves and the one coaxial cable section 16. In full assembly, the housing halves are juxtaposed into abutment and held together either by appropriate adhesives or fasteners extending through assembly holes 20.
Each coaxial cable section 16 includes a center conductive core 22 surrounded by a dielectric tubular-like sheath 24. The sheath is stripped as shown in FIG. 1, so that a length of core 22 projects into receptacle area 18 of the respective passage 14. An appropriate female connector (not shown) can be inserted into receptacle area 18.
The invention contemplates that each housing module 12 be molded in its desired configuration. As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the housing modules are generally rectangular (square) thin block-like members. Passage halves 14 a, 14 b are molded directly into the opposite faces of the housing modules. The modules can be molded of appropriate dielectric material such as plastic or the like. The entire molded plastic housing modules then are substantially entirely plated with a conductive shielding material. The modules can be plated with a conductive metal in a wet chemical electroless process or other suitable process.
Of course, the invention is not limited to the particular configuration of the housing modules shown in FIG. 1 and a wide variety of configurations are readily apparent. In addition, the invention is not limited to entirely plating the modules, and plating in at least the areas of split passages 14 is contemplated. With the thin modules shown in FIG. 1, and with passage halves 14 a, 14 b being molded on both opposite faces of the modules, plating each entire module has been found to be quite efficient.
In the embodiment of FIG. 1, it can be seen quite clearly that cable-receiving passages 14 formed by passage-halves 14 a, 14 b are generally coplanar and extend at angles through housing modules 12. Precisely, the passages and passage-halves extend at right-angles and open at adjacent edges of the modules. Therefore, in this embodiment, the passages are split in a plane coextensive with the angle of the passages. In other words, all of the passages between any two adjacent housing modules 12 are in a common plane.
FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a connector 10A wherein the cable-receiving passages extend between a pair of housing modules 12A at right-angles. However, the passages in connector 10A are split in a direction generally perpendicular to the planes of the angles of the coaxial cables. Other than the configuration of housing modules 12A as seen in FIG. 2, the housing modules are fabricated the same and like reference numerals have been applied in FIG. 2 corresponding to like components described above in relation to the embodiment of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 simply shows the embodiment of FIG. 1 with a third housing module 12 added. This depiction emphasizes that any number of housing modules 12 can be stacked in high density array of coaxial cables 16, with cable-receiving passages 14 formed by passage-halves 14 a, 14 b being disposed between each adjacent pair of modules in the stacked array thereof.
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, it can be seen that electrical isolation 32 exists between the passage halves 14 a, 14 b to provide electrical isolation between the cable-receiving passages. The electrical isolation 32 may take the form of selective non-plating of the housing module 12, although this invention is not limited to only that method of providing electrical isolation between the cable-receiving passages.
FIGS. 4-7 show the steps in fabricating coaxial cable connector 10 to exemplify the simplicity of the connector as well as the ease in manufacturing and assembling the connector. More particularly, referring first to FIG. 4, a sheet 26 of conductive metal material is provided, and conductors 22 are stamped out of openings 28 in a plurality of groupings lengthwise of the sheet which is provided in strip-like form for feeding through an appropriate stamping machine.
FIG. 5 shows the next step of overmolding dielectric sheaths 24 about conductive cores 22. This can be easily accomplished by placing stamped sheet 26 (FIG. 4) into an appropriate molding die and overmolding the dielectric sheaths about the conductive cores, as shown.
In a separate operation, housing modules 12 (FIG. 6) are molded as plastic blocks including passage halves 14 a, 14 b molded in opposite faces of the blocks, and the plastic blocks then are plated with a conductive shielding material 28, particularly in the area of the passage halves. These molded, plated housing modules can be maintained in inventory and used as needed.
FIG. 7 shows the next step in fabricating the coaxial cable connector and includes taking the subassembly of FIG. 5 and laying the subassembly onto one or more of the molded and plated housing modules 12. The subassemblies may be fabricated in a continuous fashion so that the subassemblies can be wound onto a reel. The subassemblies then can be fed to an indexing machine where they are sequentially laid onto housing modules 12 as the modules are fed seriatim to an assembly station. Conductive cores 22 are severed from sheet 26, as at 30, either at the point of assembly to the housing modules or thereafter in the assembly line. Holes 20 also can be punched through the housing module at the same time that the cores are severed from the metallic sheet.
After the assembly of FIG. 7, various options are available. For instance; a second housing module 12 can be immediately adhered to or fastened to the assembly shown in FIG. 7 to form a connector as shown at 10 in FIG. 1. In the alternative, coaxial cable sections 16 (FIG. 7) can be adhered within passage halves 14 a, 14 b and a plurality of these assemblies can be stacked, as desired, in a high density array until a housing module such as shown in FIG. 6 is used as an “end cap” at the end of the stacked array.
FIGS. 10 and 11 illustrate yet another embodiment of a modular shielded connector. The connector includes at least a pair of plated housing modules, generally designated 12, defining a plurality of conductor-receiving passages, generally designated 14 a and 14 b, on either side 12 a, 12 b of the housing modules 12. Conductor-receiving passages 14 a receive one of the conductors 34 that forms the differential signal pair while conductor-receiving passages 14 b receives the other of the conductors 36 that form the differential signal pair. By separating the differential signal pair, the differential signal conductors 34, 36 do not extend beyond the sidewalls 12 a, 12 b of the housing modules 12. Housing modules 12 may also include a tongue 38 on one sidewall 12 a and a groove 40 on the other sidewall 12 b to allow the modular housing modules to be easily aligned with each other to maximize the performance of the differential signal pairs.
The embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13 is similar to that of FIGS. 10 and 11, except that the differential signal pair 42 is not separated into individual conductors 34, 36 as in FIGS. 10 and 11. In such an embodiment, the differential signal pair 42 is inserted into one of the conductor-receiving passages 14 a, resulting in the differential signal pair 42 extending beyond the sidewall 12 a of the housing module. That portion of the differential signal pair 42 that extends beyond the sidewall 12 a of the housing module is received in the conductor-receiving passage 14 b of the adjacent housing module 12.
the housing modules (12) are plated with conductive shielding material at least in the area of the split passage (14).
2. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, when the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof, whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
3. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, including a plurality of the split conductor-receiving passages (14) between the housing modules (12).
4. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 3, wherein the plurality of split conductor-receiving passages (14) are nonlinear and equally spaced.
5. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1 where the split conductor-receiving passage (14) extends at an angle and the passage is split in a plane coextensive with the angle.
6. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 5, wherein the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof, whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
7. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the split conductor-receiving passage (14) extends at an angle and the passage is split in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the angle.
8. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 7, wherein the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
9. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the dielectric housing modules (12) are substantially entirely plated with the conductive shielding material.
10. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein at least one of the housing modules (12) has the passage portion (14 a) on one side thereof and includes a passage portion (14 b) on an opposite side thereof for cooperation with a third housing module to form a stacked connector.
11. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the housing modules (12) are generally pie-shaped.
12. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the conductor (16) is a coaxial cable section disposed in the conductor-receiving passage (14), the cable section including a conductive core (22) surrounded by a dielectric sheath (24).
13. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the conductor (16) is a differential signal pair (34, 36).
14. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 1, wherein the housing modules (12) have opposing sidewalls (12 a, 12 b), and wherein a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed on each of the opposing sidewalls (12 a, 12 b).
15. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 14, wherein each of the passage-halves (14 a, 14 b) includes one conductor of a differential signal pair (34, 36).
16. The modular shielded connector (10) of claim 14, wherein a differential signal pair (34, 36) is received within the passage-half (14 a, 14 b) of one of the opposing sidewalls (12 a, 12 b).
18. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, wherein the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof, whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
19. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, including a plurality of the split conductor-receiving passages (14) between the housing modules (12).
20. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 19, wherein the plurality of split conductor-receiving passages (14) are nonlinear and equally spaced.
21. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, wherein the split conductor-receiving passage (14) extends at an angle and the passage is split in a plane coextensive with the angle.
22. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 21, wherein the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof, whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
23. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, when the split conductor-receiving passage (14) extends at an angle and the passage is split in a direction generally perpendicular to the plane of the angle.
24. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 23, when the conductor-receiving passage (14) is split generally along a centerline thereof, whereby a passage-half (14 a, 14 b) is disposed in each housing module (12).
25. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, wherein the dielectric housing modules (12) are substantially plated with the conductive shielding material.
26. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, wherein it least one of the housing modules (12) has the passage portion (14 a) on one side thereof and includes a passage portion (14 b) on an opposite side thereof for cooperation with a third housing module to form a stacked connector.
27. The modular shielded connector housing of claim 17, wherein the housing modules (12) are generally pie-shaped. | 2019-04-23T13:11:57Z | https://patents.google.com/patent/US20030203677A1/en | Porn | Reference | 0.182044 |
wordpress | Rose image courtesy of Mysterica, Morguefile.
How do you define one of the best friends you’ve ever had?
A long-term school friend of mine, B, recently lost her 10-year battle with cancer. B and I got to know each other through our seventh-grade English class, and we’ve stayed friends ever since.
B had many talents. She was a gifted writer and editor, and other languages, cultures and genealogy fascinated B. She had an insatiable curiosity. B majored in Russian and wanted to become a teacher. Later, she got to realize her dream and taught learning-disabled students.
We worked together on the literary magazine in school. She could draw as well, whereas my stick figures would cause Michelangelo to sob in despair and go eat mounds of ravioli as consolation.
Her family is musical. B played violin in our high school orchestra. She had four brothers, also musical. Two of the brothers sang with me in our high school choir, and the others were in the orchestra with her.
Growing up, I enjoyed visiting her house. There was always music going on somewhere and they were prolific readers with entire walls of books.
We belonged to separate religions. I visited her church once or twice; she came to mine. We acknowledged that even though we held different beliefs, there was mutual respect for each other’s religion and it wasn’t going to be an issue between us.
We were close throughout junior high and high school, and kept in touch even after we went off to our separate colleges.
B and I went through all the events of school life – the triumphs, the pain, the mischievous pranks, the holiday concerts, the birthdays, and the occasional party at a pizza restaurant or at someone’s home. She wasn’t shy about saying things to me that I needed to hear.
One of my favorite stories about her is the strawberry story from junior high. A neighbor’s mom took us to a pick-your-own strawberry farm and we picked dozens of strawberries to take back home. On the way back, B sorted through her strawberries and tossed the bad ones out the car window.
One of the bad strawberries got lifted by an air current and smacked into the windshield of the car behind us. We yelped in alarm and ducked down out of sight.
Did I mention that the car behind us was a POLICE car???!!!
I sometimes wonder what that policeman thought when that kamikaze strawberry came out of nowhere and attacked his windshield. He was definitely startled.
Her life wasn’t easy. Far from it because she was put through a lot, more than anyone should ever have to endure. She got divorced from her first husband, spent years as a single mom raising two kids, lost her father, remarried, had another child with husband #2, suffered through the death of husband #2, and became a single mom again for the remainder of her life.
I spoke with her by phone a while back. I told her she was my hero. She’d been through all of that, raised three good kids and kept going forward in spite of it. I’m so glad we had that hour-long conversation.
This week, I went to her funeral service with my sib. On the way down, my sib told me a story I didn’t know about her family. Her dad got the kids into music in order to keep them busy. One day, they were singing and heard another voice join in. “Okay, who’s that?” The youngest kid in the family was standing up in his crib, singing along with everybody else and keeping up.
Her brothers paid tribute to her in music and the people that knew her got up to say some words. I had the chance to catch up with them prior to the service and to see some others from high school, including husband #1.
According to the bulletin, the minister was supposed to give a short speech at the end of the service. But B had one final surprise for us in store: a letter. I suspect that no one knew the letter was coming. During the reception, one brother told me that he, at least, hadn’t known about it.
It’s going to take some adjustment, getting used to the fact that she’s not around, that her voice is silent now. Life goes on. There are others to notify. I’ll gently press the buttons to delete her number out of my phone and remove her e-mail address from my list.
Her kids will be all right eventually. They have people looking out for them, and I predict that they’ll grow up to be smart, productive and talented adults.
I’ll do my best, B. See you someday. | 2019-04-24T19:58:31Z | https://eagleeyededitor.wordpress.com/2015/02/ | Porn | Shopping | 0.227659 |
wordpress | / About Us, Articles about tango, News!
Aprender a bailar tango. Un viaje de ida.
2018 – 10th Anniversary World Tour! | 2019-04-26T14:48:11Z | https://cinefiliatanguera.wordpress.com/ | Porn | Arts | 0.598231 |
imdb | The residents of a small town come face to face with a deadly and unpredictable series of tornadoes. Among them is one boy struggling to keep his family safe in the dangerous weather.
Based upon the true story that inpired the Christmas carol about a young king's care for his people.
Starring Scott Wickware (the hard hat worker from Welcome to Dead House), this film tells the story of a flood wreaking havoc on a small Mississippi town, and features a family struggling with the ordeal surrounding them.
Indiana Jones struggles to help film director Erich von Stroheim finish his latest film with limited time and budget.
Mole disappears while answering what he thinks is an urgent summons from Rat, forcing Badger to enlist Toad and his new airplane in a frantic search party.
In 1950s, a windowed mother falls for an Alaskan gold miner, so they move to the Alaskan wilderness and try to find gold and happiness.
Biography on Abraham Lincoln, who lost one of his sons during presidency.
When the Harts accept a clock left to them by Max, their recently deceased valet, the timepiece becomes the centerpiece of a case involving blackmail and murder.
The protecting angel Clarence is again returning to Earth to help another human.
A story of Mother Teresa, beginning in Calcutta, India, where she faces adversity from every direction and where she lays the foundation for her crusade to help the poorest of the poor.
Delves into the rivalries and undercurrents in the world of high fashion.
The Mighty Jungle is a live action puppet series for preschoolers, which captures the hopes, fears, frustrations, joys and silliness of children while exploring how preschoolers play and overcome obstacles both physical and emotional. | 2019-04-24T04:35:02Z | https://www.imdb.com/search/title?companies=co0024027 | Porn | Arts | 0.548679 |
wordpress | Investors are going to the ends of the earth.
Shares of foreign companies are making up an increasingly large chunk of U.S. investors’ stock portfolios, as barriers to investment fall, global economies integrate and the potential benefits of international diversification are widely embraced.
More than a quarter of the money in U.S. equity mutual funds and exchange-traded funds is in foreign-stock-focused funds, up from 14% in 2000, according to the Investment Company Institute, a trade group. Investors hold nearly $2.6 trillion in those foreign-focused funds, up from less than $600 billion back then.
Yet not every investor is on board. Vanguard Group, the large financial-services firm, says nearly a quarter of the 401(k) accounts it oversees own no foreign-focused funds at all, though that is down from 66% in 2004. Rival Fidelity Investments says only 12% of the assets in its average brokerage account are in funds that focus on foreign stocks or securities issued by companies based abroad.
They may be missing out. Experts say a stock portfolio that is widely diversified internationally can provide protection against a prolonged downturn in an investor’s home market. In addition, some market analysts say U.S. stocks look relatively expensive and many foreign markets appear less pricey, which could increase their chances of outperforming in coming years.
Here’s what you need to know about investing in foreign stocks, the right amount to hold and the smart way to go about it.
With domestic stocks near record highs, that bias may seem understandable to U.S. investors. The S&P 500 is up 8.8% this year, including dividends, through Thursday, according to FactSet, after logging double-digit gains last year and in three of the prior four years.
Foreign stocks have been hit or miss. Germany’s stock benchmark has gained 2.5% this year through Thursday, and India’s has gained 25%, but Japan’s is down 5.3%. Saudi Arabia’s stock market is up 22%, according to MSCI, but that market won’t open to foreign investors until next year.
Such a range of performance, however, could end up helping an investor if U.S. markets are sagging.
For example, an investor in the broad Wilshire 5000 index of U.S. stocks generated an average loss of 0.4% annually from 2000 through 2008, encompassing two major market drops. But if 20% of that stock portfolio had been invested in the MSCI World ex USA Index—which tracks markets in 22 other developed countries—that investor would have logged an average gain of 0.2% annually, according to Chicago-based investment researcher Morningstar. A portfolio split evenly between foreign and domestic stocks would have gained 0.9% on average.
Sometimes, stocks around the world move in lock step. But the experience of Japanese investors demonstrates the risk of prolonged underperformance in a domestic stock market. The benchmark Nikkei Stock Average fell 82% from its all-time peak in 1989 to its financial-crisis low in March 2009, excluding dividends. During that same period, the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 152%.
“The real risk that you face is that you’re going to have crummy returns in one part of your portfolio over 30 years. And you’re certainly reducing that risk if you are internationally diversified,” says William Bernstein, co-principal of portfolio manager Efficient Frontier Advisors in Eastford, Conn.
Owning shares in large multinational companies isn’t the same thing as owning shares of companies in foreign markets, according to Mr. Bernstein and other experts. International diversification means being exposed both to what is happening in foreign stock markets and to the swings in the value of foreign currencies, they say.
U.S. multinationals often try to smooth out that impact by hedging against currency fluctuations, as they aim to report results in dollars.
“You have to invest in a company whose executives are trying to post a profit in local currency,” says Bruno Solnik, a finance professor at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology who wrote an oft-cited 1974 study on international diversification.
How Much Foreign Stock Should You Own?
The average 401(k) account that owns stock or stock funds has less than 18% of its stock portfolio in foreign stocks, according to a February study by Columbia University finance professors and others that looked at more than three million accounts.
By contrast, foreign firms represent about 50% to 60% of the market value of all stocks in publicly traded companies. Some experts believe that could be a good starting point for deciding how much foreign stock to hold.
Many investors, however, won’t be comfortable going too far afield. Experts suggest that typical investors should hold at least 20% to 30% of their stock portfolios in shares of foreign firms.
Vanguard, Fidelity and T. Rowe Price Group, TROW -0.34% another fund giant, typically allocate about 30% of the stocks in their target-date retirement funds—which generally hold a mix of stocks and bonds and grow more conservative as investors approach retirement—to shares of foreign firms. Many investors are enrolled in such funds automatically through 401(k) plans, which is one reason ownership of foreign stocks has risen.
One important consideration: What can you live with through thick and thin? Avi Norowitz, a 30-year-old systems analyst who lives in Jersey City, N.J., says he decided to invest in foreign stocks earlier this year and put about 20% of his stock portfolio into the Vanguard Total International Stock Index Fund, which charges annual fees of 0.14%, or $14, on a $10,000 investment, and invests in 45 countries around the world.
He says he is increasing the share of foreign shares in his portfolio to nearly 40% over the next six months or so. But Mr. Norowitz says that if he went much higher, he might end up regretting the move if U.S. stocks strongly outperformed foreign shares and he felt left behind.
“It would be hard to go, say, 10 years in a period where the media says the stock market is doing great, and my stocks are doing terrible,” he says.
Frank Warnock, a professor at the University of Virginia who has studied investors’ tendency to favor home-country stocks, says an individual investor’s circumstances may also play a role in figuring out how much foreign stock is appropriate.
Investors who own real estate abroad or are employed by a foreign-based company might lower their foreign stock allocation to compensate, for example. On the other hand, if investors hold a significant chunk of U.S. bonds but no foreign bonds, that might be a reason to consider increasing their foreign stock allocation, says Mr. Warnock, who estimates one-third of his equity portfolio is in foreign stocks.
What Is the Right Way to Invest Abroad?
Buying foreign stocks may seem intrepid. But rules of thumb that apply in the U.S. also hold true overseas.
Investors in low-cost funds that passively track a broad range of U.S. stocks will often fare better than investors who bet on fund managers who try to beat the market, in part because investors in actively managed funds are at risk of underperforming and in part because those funds often charge higher fees that eat into returns.
The same is true abroad, and active fund managers in foreign markets may also lack information more readily available to locals, says Mr. Bernstein, of Efficient Frontier Advisors.
He recommends funds from Dimensional Fund Advisors that allocate their investments across many countries, such as the DFA Large Cap International Portfolio, which invests in developed markets, and the DFA Emerging Markets Portfolio. The funds charge annual fees of 0.29% and 0.57%, respectively, according to Morningstar. The funds are available to individuals through fee-based advisers and in some 401(k) plans, according to the company.
Other DFA funds allow investors to tilt their foreign stock portfolios to value stocks and small stocks, Mr. Bernstein says.
By contrast, investors who buy one or two single-country ETFs could end up increasing their risk, rather than lowering it, experts say.
Investors also risk giving too much weight to emerging markets or frontier markets, which are often even smaller and riskier. Emerging markets, for example, represent just 11% of the value of companies in the MSCI ACWI + Frontier Markets Index, and frontier markets represent just 0.3%, with the remaining nearly 89% of the value in companies in the index in developed markets.
Be alert, as well, to challenges that may come with investing in certain countries. In China, for example, there are often limits for foreign investors on buying shares in Chinese companies.
Owning foreign stocks isn’t a get-rich-quick scheme. But at the moment, it might be an opportunity to get a bargain.
That’s because a widely watched ratio of stock prices to corporate earnings popularized by Nobel Prize-winning Yale University economist Robert Shiller shows that U.S. stocks look pricey. That could point to subpar returns in years to come.
Stocks elsewhere look inexpensive by comparison, says Joachim Klement, chief investment officer at Wellershoff & Partners, an investment consultancy based in Zurich. He argues that stocks in many other countries are therefore likely to generate higher returns over the next five years.
For example, Mr. Klement estimates that U.S. stocks will generate a cumulative 7% return above inflation over the next five years, based on their Shiller price/earnings ratio. By comparison, he says that stocks in France, India, Italy, Mexico and many other countries could generate returns of more than 50% over the same period.
What’s In A Name? If it’s “Made in USA,” Quite A Lot.
Deciding when something can be called “Made in USA” is harder than you might think. You can thank both the Federal Trade Commission and the state of California for that.
Federal law says goods that are “all or virtually all” manufactured in the U.S. qualify, though the FTC doesn’t define what “virtually all” means, leaving some wiggle room. The FTC decides on a case-by-case basis when disputes arise over use of the phrase. That can be frustrating for producers, many of whom would prefer it spelled out.
But a bigger problem is California. State law there is explicit and clashes with the federal standard: If a product contains just one imported screw or rivet, it cannot carry the label. California is the only state with such a rule.
That’s not a big problem for something simple like bath towels or plastic lawn chairs. But with more complex goods, such as electronics or machinery, it can be difficult to assure the domestic pedigree of all the raw materials and component parts. In some cases, there are no domestic suppliers or their cost is prohibitive.
Manufacturers have tried to get California to relent. In 2011, the California assembly unanimously approved a bill to amend the law so it would harmonize with the FTC rule. But the move eventually floundered in the face of staunch opposition from consumer and trial lawyer groups.
California has become a minefield for producers like Lifetime Products Inc., a Clearfield, Utah maker of portable basketball hoops. Lifetime recently settled a class-action suit brought against it over labeling hoops that were sold at Sports Authority stores in the Golden State.
“We make everything in Utah—including our own metal tubing and the plastic parts,” saysRichard Hendrickson, the company’s chief executive. The woven netting that came with the hoops in small plastic bags, however, is imported from China and ran afoul of the law.
Many companies today follow the California rule, even when they have no intention of selling there. The risk is simply too high, since complex distribution networks sometimes send goods to markets where they were not intended. In the meantime, companies including Lifetime have shifted focus to the FTC, hoping to get legislation passed that would give the federal law priority over state regulations. | 2019-04-21T22:10:12Z | https://fluentinforeign.wordpress.com/2014/07/ | Porn | Business | 0.095527 |
wikipedia | The periodontal ligament, commonly abbreviated as the PDL, is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the alveolar bone within which it sits. It inserts into root cementum one side and onto alveolar bone on the other.
The tissues of the periodontium combine to form an active, dynamic group of tissues. The alveolar bone (C) is surrounded for the most part by the subepithelial connective tissue of the gingiva, which in turn is covered by the various characteristic gingival epithelia. The cementum overlaying the tooth root is attached to the adjacent cortical surface of the alveolar bone by the alveolar crest (I), horizontal (J) and oblique (K) fibers of the periodontal ligament.
The PDL consists of principal fibres, loose connective tissue, blast and clast cells, oxytalan fibres and Cell Rest of Malassez.
The main principal fiber group is the alveolodental ligament, which consists of five fiber subgroups: alveolar crest, horizontal, oblique, apical, and interradicular on multirooted teeth. Principal fibers other than the alveolodental ligament are the transseptal fibers.
All these fibers help the tooth withstand the naturally substantial compressive forces which occur during chewing and remain embedded in the bone. The ends of the principal fibers that are within either cementum or alveolar bone proper are considered Sharpey fibers.
Horizontal fibers (J) attach to the cementum apical to the alveolar crest fibers and run perpendicularly from the root of the tooth to the alveolar bone..
Apical fibers are found radiating from cementum around the apex of the root to the bone, forming base of the socket or alveolus.
Interradicular fibers are only found between the roots of multirooted teeth, such as premolars and molars. They extend from radicular cementum to interradicular alveolar bone.
Transseptal fibers (H) extend interproximally over the alveolar bone crest and are embedded in the cementum of adjacent teeth; they form an interdental ligament. These fibers keep all the teeth aligned. These fibers may be considered as belonging to the gingival tissue because they do not have an osseous attachment.
Loose coonective tissue contains fibres, extracellular matrix, cells, nerves and blood vessels.The extracellular compartment consists of Type 1, 3, and 5 collagen fibers bundles embedded in intercellular substance. The PDL collagen fibers are categorized according to their orientation and location along the tooth. The cells include fibroblast, defence cells and undifferentiated mesenchymal cells.
These groups of epithelial cells become located in the mature PDL after the disintegration of Hertwig epithelial root sheath during the formation of the root.They form a plexus which surrounds the tooth. Cell Rests of Malassez might cause cyst formation in later life.
Oxytalan fibres is unique to PDL and elastic in nature. It inserts into cementum and runs in 2 directions; parallel to root surface and oblique to root surface. The function is thought to maintain the patency of blood vessels during occlusal loading. Further research is needed to determine the function of oxytalan fibres.
The PDL substance has been estimated to be 70% water, which is thought to have a significant effect on the tooth's ability to withstand stress loads. The completeness and vitality of the PDL are essential for the functioning of the tooth.
The PDL ranges in width from 0.15 to 0.38mm with its thinnest part located in the middle third of the root. The width progressively decreases with age.
The PDL is a part of the periodontium that provides for the attachment of the teeth to the surrounding alveolar bone by way of the cementum.
The PDL appears as the periodontal space of 0.4 to 1.5 mm on radiographs, a radiolucent area between the radiopaque lamina dura of the alveolar bone proper and the radiopaque cementum.
PDL cells are one of the many cells derived from the dental follicle and this occurs after crown formation is completed and when the roots start developing. These cells will remodel the dental follicle to form the PDL. Formation of PDL will start at the cementoenamel junction and proceeds in an apical direction. .
Functions of PDL are supportive, sensory, nutritive, and remodelling.
PDL is heavily innervated; it involves mechanoreception, nociception and reflexes. Periodontal mechanoreceptors are present in pdl. They will transmit information about the stimulated tooth, direction and amplitude of forces.
It maintains the vitality of the surrounding cells. (PDL is heavily anastomosed). There are 3 principal sources of blood vessels which are apical vessels, perforating vessels and gingival vessels. Apical vessels originate from vessels that supply the pulp. Perforating vessels originates from lamina dura and the vessels perforate the socket wall (cribriform plate). Gingival vessels are derived from the gingival tissue. Outer layers of blood supply in PDL may help in mechanical suspension and support of the tooth while inner layers of blood vessels supply surrounding PDL tissues.
When traumatic forces of occlusion are placed on a tooth, the PDL widens to take the extra forces. Thus, early occlusal trauma can be viewed on radiographs as a widening of the periodontal ligament space. Thickening of the lamina dura in response is also possible. Clinically, occlusal trauma is noted by the late manifestation of increased mobility of the tooth and possibly the presence of pathological tooth migration.
Damage to the PDL may result in tooth ankylosis to the jawbone, making the tooth lose its continuous eruption ability. Dental trauma, such as subluxation, may cause tearing of the PDL and pain during function (eating).
The PDL cells of an avulsed tooth is at risk of drying and dessication if left in dry storage. Wet storage in an isotonic liquid, although a superior method to dry storage, can preserve PDL vitality depending on the medium but not for an indefinite period of time. All of these can lead to loss of vitality of the PDL and depending on the duration of storage, this can affect the success of subsequent replantation.
The epithelial rests of Malassez can become cystic, usually forming nondiagnostic, radiolucent apical lesions that can be seen on radiographs. This occurs as a result of chronic periapical inflammation after pulpitis occurs and must be surgically removed.
The PDL also undergoes drastic changes with chronic periodontal disease that involves the deeper structures of the periodontium with periodontitis. The fibers of the PDL become disorganized, and their attachments to either the alveolar bone proper or cementum through Sharpey fibers are lost because of the resorption of these two hard dental tissue.
Pathological damaged or diseased PDL can result in delayed healing of the alveolar socket in cases where the diseased tooth is ultimately extracted.
^ Herbert F. Wolf; Klaus H. Rateitschak (2005). Periodontology. Thieme. pp. 12–. ISBN 978-0-86577-902-0. Retrieved 21 June 2011.
^ a b c d Yao S, Pan F, Prpic V, Wise GE. Differentiation of stem cells in the dental follicle. J Dent Res. 2008;87:767-771.
^ McCormack SW, Witzel U, Watson PJ, Fagan MJ, Gröning F. The Biomechanical Function of Periodontal Ligament Fibres in Orthodontic Tooth Movement. Agarwal S, ed. PLoS ONE. 2014;9(7):e102387. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0102387.
^ Zadik Y (December 2008). "Algorithm of first-aid management of dental trauma for medics and corpsmen". Dent Traumatol. 24 (6): 698–701. doi:10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00649.x. PMID 19021668.
^ Layug, M. L.; Barrett, E. J.; Kenny, D. J. (May 1998). "Interim storage of avulsed permanent teeth". Journal (Canadian Dental Association). 64 (5): 357–363, 365–369. ISSN 0709-8936. PMID 9648418.
^ Kim, Jung-Hoon; Koo, Ki-Tae; Capetillo, Joseph; Kim, Jung-Ju; Yoo, Jung-Min; Ben Amara, Heithem; Park, Jung-Chul; Schwarz, Frank; Wikesjö, Ulf M.E. (June 2017). "Periodontal and endodontic pathology delays extraction socket healing in a canine model". Journal of Periodontal & Implant Science. 47 (3): 143–153. doi:10.5051/jpis.2017.47.3.143. ISSN 2093-2278. PMC 5494309. PMID 28680710. | 2019-04-23T08:05:05Z | https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Periodontal_ligament | Porn | Science | 0.622999 |
google | The buildings in the MVRSD district are available for staff use. Please check the building calendar related to your needs before making your request. If a form is required, please fill that out.
Reserving with the school principal if a form is required may not guarantee the space.
To reserve other resources, such as computer labs, carts, conference rooms, etc, please check the page set up for that resource and follow the instructions to make the reservation.
A resource for the staff involved in the QIAT self-study and implementation.
(Family Medical Leave Act) Need to take a leave for yourself or someone in your family? View this guide.
QUICK LINKS are on every page of our websites. This link will bring you to a directory of every page hosted on our websites. If you don't know where something is, start with QUICK LINKS. | 2019-04-25T19:53:24Z | https://sites.google.com/mvrsd.org/mvrsd/staff-resources | Porn | Computers | 0.171804 |
wordpress | I am not a serious crossword puzzler. But I really like the ones that hit at the sweet spot of being challenging without being exasperating. And a bonus when they have interesting words that people might actually use (granted, provided they have large vocabularies). There are dozens of crossword apps out there, but many are for serious crossworders, or those who want to download puzzles from their favorite publications (like the NYT). Because I don’t need that, Crossword Light and Crux are great. Each comes with a healthy number of puzzles (a few dozen each), divided into different levels of difficulty. The easy ones are not too easy, and the hard ones are not too hard. Everything within my range. Each has an option to “check” or to “reveal” either a cell or a clue or the whole puzzle. If you “check” (which I do a few times a puzzle) then every wrong letter is marked with a red tick in the corner. I like that. I like Crossword Light’s puzzles a bit more, and Crux’s interface a bit more (e.g., it removes items from the clue list if you filled in the word). But I definitely recommend either one. Crossword Light is free, Crux Crosswords I picked up on sale for a buck. If you buy the paid version of Crossword Light, you can download puzzles from different publications.
From the name, you’d think this was a stacking game, right? It’s not. Definitely not the right name. In fact, there is another game on the store called Topple (no exclamation mark) that is all about stacking. So be sure to get the one with the !. This is is the iPad-ified version of those puzzles where you have to figure out a fairly long quote or a saying. You get the blanks where the letters go, and the blanks line up like columns. At the bottom of each column are the letters that go into the column, but mixed up, so you have to figure out which letter goes into which blank. What I like about these is that each puzzle isn’t necessarily all that hard, but the game comes with hundreds of quotes, and additional packs are a buck for about 50 puzzles. The game play is very smooth and the interface is simple and uncluttered. It has a left handed setting (a nice touch for lefties like me) and–like the best examples in the pencil-and-paper world–the quotes are sometimes witty or clever. | 2019-04-18T23:17:15Z | https://40somethingapps.wordpress.com/tag/pencil-and-paper-games/ | Porn | Games | 0.222494 |
wordpress | We have two “sets” of kids. Our first set consists of our older four kiddos, born in less than a six year span during our first seven years of marriage. Our second set is what we all lovingly refer to as “the babies.” They are just over two years apart. In between those sets of children, there is a big gap. A nine year gap, to be exact!
That gap might just seem like a number or a random interesting fact in the story of our family, but there’s a lot more to the gap. There are things I forgot in the gap, things I took for granted, and things I missed and didn’t even know I was missing.
In the gap, I forgot what sleep deprivation was like. I forgot that special kind of tired that has you nodding off in the bath tub and has your brain so exhausted that you can’t form complete sentences or read anything with any kind of retention. I forgot the smell of baby puke on everything and how to pack a really great diaper bag. My memory of the sometimes constant crying was very foggy.
I took for granted the simple joy of going to bed whenever I wanted. I didn’t appreciate the ease of deciding to leave the house, shouting “let’s go!” or “be back soon!” and then actually being able to walk out the door. I was spoiled by the freedom of having my body all to myself, peeing in peace anytime I wanted to, and not having to either share or hide what I’m eating. I hit the gym, fit into my skinny clothes, and even ran in actual races during the gap.
In the gap, I didn’t realize what I was missing. I missed the smell of a baby’s head and their perfectly soft skin. The way they snuggle right up against your neck and you can feel their breath. I missed the gummy, drooly smiles that fill their whole face and how they’re never disappointed in you. Man, I missed the tiny socks and diapers and those cute baby buns after the bath. I missed staring at those perfect little sleeping faces and wondering if they’re dreaming. Dreaming for their future and wondering who they will be. The little grunts and sighs and coos. Getting excited about a tiny person rolling over or grabbing a toy for the first time. All the little things.
The gap has been a blessing and a reminder of how precious these moments and days and years are. With our oldest almost ready to leave the nest and fly, and three more right behind her, I know it’s best to try and soak up these sleep deprived, puke filled, crying, drooling, belly laugh days as much as I can. And I will. As soon as I get some sleep. Zzzzzzzz…….
Previous Post Corbin is 14! | 2019-04-20T22:33:47Z | https://halfadozenarrows.wordpress.com/2016/05/03/mind-the-gap/ | Porn | Kids | 0.965384 |
wordpress | Sweet, salty and savory sensations.
By the things that break His.
O Jerusalem, Jerusalem, thou that kill the prophets and stone them which are set unto thee, how often would I have gathered thy children together, even as a hen gathers her chicks under her wings, and ye would not! | 2019-04-20T16:23:07Z | https://myteaandpoetry.wordpress.com/tag/salvation/ | Porn | Reference | 0.375785 |
imdb | Her sister, Natali Germanotta, once dressed as her for Halloween.
She is the queen, Madonna is the queen. I have so much adoration for her. Being compared to her is unbelievably flattering, but in truth there is no one that can compare with Madonna. She is the queen! | 2019-04-25T03:25:52Z | https://m.imdb.com/name/nm3078932/?pf_rd_m=A2FGELUUNOQJNL&pf_rd_p=&pf_rd_r=ZKRNS5W9DBZM2XZ6DNFM&pf_rd_s=center-3&pf_rd_t=60601&pf_rd_i=&ref_=il_il_nm2 | Porn | Recreation | 0.857418 |
wordpress | ← Singing on Sunday with the Great Orchestra!
Posted on January 25, 2019 by bernalopera • This entry was posted in Books, Broadcast, Comic book, singing tips, Vocal technique and tagged Comic book, singing book, vocal technique. Bookmark the permalink. | 2019-04-26T01:39:43Z | https://bernalopera.wordpress.com/2019/01/25/next-project-comic-book-on-singing/ | Porn | Arts | 0.987929 |
wordpress | The case for disaster planning: now with EAD!
Sorry this week’s comic is late, but I accidentally superglued my fingers together and then my laptop was eaten by bears.
Well, what is your archives doing for May Day? SAA has a list of ideas if you’re feeling uncreative.
Needless to say, I drew this in pencil. | 2019-04-23T20:01:58Z | https://derangementanddescription.wordpress.com/tag/disasters/ | Porn | Reference | 0.719091 |
wordpress | Have you removed your front brake dust shields and worried about the heat from the rotors melting your rubber bits in close proximity? Try slapping on some heat shield tape around them like Subaru did on their 24 hours of Nurburgring STI. They placed 21st overall! Here are the race results in PDF. | 2019-04-24T00:39:50Z | https://hpdedriver.wordpress.com/2011/06/30/heat-tape-is-convenient/ | Porn | Reference | 0.444309 |
google | The form 6. 4. 2019 - Barefoot sraz is no longer accepting responses. | 2019-04-25T23:55:49Z | https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSdiTTXB2DxjEK16woSVhgC3GwH8F4kJ0NrQ21KvAt96qyUEmA/closedform | Porn | Reference | 0.298355 |
wordpress | This is the first Paula Deen recipe I’ve tried, and it’s a winner. Simple, fast, easy, not a lot of ingredients. Plus it’s not as rich or dense as your usual cheesecake. The crust is pretty clever–a Nilla wafer at the bottom of a cupcake liner.
Paula covered her tarts in blueberry pie filling, but I had a jar of cherries from Trader Joe’s handy. For the cherry topping, stir together cherry juice from the jar, balsamic vinegar and dark brown sugar in a saucepan in a 1:1:1 ratio. Reduce it over medium-high heat until it thickens, then add the drained cherries back into the thickened sauce and coat them. Wait until the cheesecakes and topping have both cooled before spooning the topping on.
Update, September 13, 2012: I revisited this recipe recently, adding 1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice and the zest of 1 lemon. That made it even better. | 2019-04-19T20:48:46Z | https://pievcake.wordpress.com/2008/08/11/paula-deens-mini-cheesecakes-cream-cheese-tarts/ | Porn | News | 0.214017 |
wordpress | or sentence at normal speed.
will assist in responding well.
This entry was posted in Uncategorized and tagged advice, calmness, emergency, self-talk by littleboone. Bookmark the permalink. | 2019-04-25T15:51:36Z | https://questionsnow.wordpress.com/2016/05/06/self-talk/ | Porn | Reference | 0.461867 |
yahoo | 0%62°48°Windy with a high of 62 °F (16.7 °C). Winds from ESE to E at 14 to 25 mph (22.5 to 40.2 kph).Night - Breezy with a 85% chance of precipitation. Winds E at 15 to 23 mph (24.1 to 37.0 kph). The overnight low will be 49 °F (9.4 °C).
75%63°49°Rain today with a high of 63 °F (17.2 °C) and a low of 49 °F (9.4 °C). There is a 75% chance of precipitation.
30%69°47°Scattered thunderstorms today with a high of 69 °F (20.6 °C) and a low of 47 °F (8.3 °C). There is a 30% chance of precipitation.
Today - Windy with a high of 62 °F (16.7 °C). Winds from ESE to E at 14 to 25 mph (22.5 to 40.2 kph).
Tonight - Breezy with a 85% chance of precipitation. Winds E at 15 to 23 mph (24.1 to 37.0 kph). The overnight low will be 49 °F (9.4 °C). | 2019-04-23T05:38:49Z | https://www.yahoo.com/news/weather/denmark/sjaelland/holb%C3%A6k-marina-90739841 | Porn | Reference | 0.250083 |
wordpress | KUALA LUMPUR: An Anti-Corruption Agency officer has been ordered by the Royal Commission of Inquiry to obtain the telephone records of a lawyer and a retired judge from telecommunication companies.
The commission’s chairman, Tan Sri Haidar Mohamed Noor, told the officer, Chuah Lay Choo, that the panel would assist her if these companies refused to co-operate.
“We can summon them to provide the records,” he said during the third day of hearing into the controversial “Lingam video clip” which purportedly shows a lawyer discussing judicial appointments.
Chuah said she tried to establish this from the telecommunication companies from the number used by Lingam and Ahmad Fairuz in 2001 and 2002.
However, she said there was no record of mobile phones registered in Lingam’s name during those years.
Ranjit: Which companies did you check?
Chuah: Maxis, DiGi and Celcom.
Chuah replied that they had records and investigations revealed that Lingam had used prepaid services.
Ranjit: Did you ask Lingam the mobile number he used during the conversation in the clip?
Chuah: Lingam told me he used a prepaid line but he could not remember the number.
Ranjit: Did you conduct similar investigations into the telephone numbers of Ahmad Fairuz?
Chuah: Yes, I did. He has been using 013 – … from 2000 until the time I interviewed him last year. We cannot verify because we do not have Lingam’s number.
Ranjit: Did you also check Ahmad Fairuz’s fixed telephone lines?
Ranjit: Did you then come across phone calls made on Dec 20, 2001?
Chuah: At the time of the investigation, we did not have the date of the conversation.
Shanker: Is there any record to show calls were made on that day?
Chuah: We have yet to obtain the itemised bills for that number (013-…) from 2001 and 2002. We have applied to Celcom but have not received it.
Ranjit: While we are assuming that Ahmad Fairuz made calls from his mobile number, it could also be made from fixed lines. Have you ascertained that?
Chuah: I have investigated his fixed line numbers, both at home and office.
Chuah: I did not go further because I did not have Lingam’s phone number.
Haidar: Did you check Ahmad Fairuz’s house and office lines?
Chuah: Yes, I only checked the house line.
Haidar: Did you ask for the telephone bill?
Chuah: Yes, In October or November last year, but have not received it .
Ranjit: Now that you know the date is Dec 20, 2001, would you be able to obtain the record for that day only?
Ranjit: If the telcos refuse to cooperate, the commission can summon them to come here.
Shankar: You (Chuah) go to the telcos and ask them to give the records. Come back and tell us.
Chuah: Yes, I will do that. But even if I have the record ( Ahmad Fairuz’s), I will have to get Lingam’s number. I want to explain that I did not stress to the telcos the urgency of the phone records because I did not have the exact date of the conversation at that time.
Haidar: Go and get the records for December 2001.
Wee also asked Chuah whether she had checked phone records at Mutiara Telecommunications Sdn Bhd, whose major shareholder was businessman Tan Sri Vincent Tan.
Haidar ordered Chuah to check Mutiara’s records.
From this I gather that ACA only investigated phones registered in VK Lingam’s and Tun Ahmad Fairuz’s name. Why? VK Lingam did not have any number registered to him. The keyword there is him, at the moment we only have his statement to the RC that he was using a prepaid line, for all we know it could have been registered to his secretary.
Common sense says they should investigate any number linked to the two men, i.e. families/offices/workers. That’s a lot of numbers yes, but now that the date of the video clip recording has been established by Loh Mui Fah as December 20th, 2001, the task is much easier. Unfortunately it still requires a lot of tedious work since VK Lingam’s number was prepaid and in 2001 prepaid numbers didn’t have to be registered.
Another approach is to repeat this search, but instead for numbers linked to Mahathir, Vincent Tan, Tengku Adnan, VK Lingam and Ahmad Fairuz and see what numbers they have in common on their call lists for 2001 – tons more data to search through, incredibly complex and requiring a lot of legal power. A practical impossibility.
If the telcos actually recorded which cell tower was in use for those outgoing numbers in that time frame….that would be amazing! Then the ACA could then just narrow the search to Kelana Jaya. Wishful thinking I know.
Perhaps the ACA is not legally empowered to cast such a wide net in investigating phone records, which is why they limited themselves to Fairuz’s and Vk Lingam’s registered lines. Its a shame since phone records were the only reasonable way of proving the date of the video recording.
KUALA LUMPUR: The lawyer representing Datuk V.K. Lingam’s brother raised the issue of close association between Lingam and former chief justice Tun Eusoff Chin, which according to him, was very important to ascertain the truth about the contents of the controversial Lingam video clip.
Wee said he wanted the commission’s permission to ask Chuah whether the ACA had established the close association between Eusoff Chin and Lingam and whether she was aware of this in order to ascertain the truth of the contents of the video clip.
Asked by commissioner Datuk Mahadev Shankar whether she knew of the close association between Lingam and Eusoff Chin, Chuah replied, “No”.
However, Chuah said she was aware that there was an investigation on the matter when it came out in the newspapers.
Wee then asked Chuah whether she checked statements made by Thirunama to the ACA on March 8 and 12, 1998 and the fact that Thirunama was detained until March 17, 1998 pertaining to the issue of close association between Lingam and Eusoff Chin.
At this stage, commission chairman Tan Sri Haidar Mohamed Nor interjected and said whatever Wee said was the subject matter of another investigation.
Wee then asked Chuah whether she had checked Thirunama’s statement about Eusoff Chin and Lingam going on a trip together in 1980. Chuah replied, “No”.
Wee: Did you not think it was important for you to go into the statement of Thirunama on March 8, 1988 recorded by the ACA to ascertain the truth of remarks made by the man in the video clip that he was close to Eusoff Chin?
Chuah: My investigation is to ascertain whether there was corrupt practice or abuse of power and I didn’t record statements from all individuals mentioned in the transcript.
KUALA LUMPUR: The Anti-Corruption Agency did not investigate the allegations by Datuk V.K. Lingam’s estranged brother that the lawyer was very close to former Chief Justice Tun Eusoff Chin.
Senior superintendent Chuah Lay Choo, the investigating officer assisting the Royal Commission of Inquiry, said she did not check on allegations contained in V. Thirunama Karasu’s statements to the agency in 1998 because it was the subject matter of another investigation.
“In this case, I merely focused on whether there was corruption or abuse of power,” she replied to questions by counsel Wee Choo Keong who represented Thirunama in the inquiry.
Wee said he had raised the issue because the investigation was very important to ascertain the truth of the contents of the video clip.
Wee also asked whether Chuah had checked with Mutiara Telecommunications Sdn Bhd to trace former Chief Justice Tun Ahmad Fairuz’s call records in December 2001 – the time the video clip was filmed.
Chuah replied that she did not because she was not aware of the existence of the company.
Wee, who was granted leave to appear on his client’s behalf throughout the inquiry, said Thirunama had driven Lingam to Eusoff’s house and delivered mobile phone applications and bags to judges’ houses at night.
“My client can assist the Commission in that he can show how close Lingam was to judges and Eusoff Chin,” said Wee, adding that being a witness would guarantee his client the protection under the Commission of Inquiry Act.
The panel then told him that they would consider the relevance of such evidence “when the time comes”.
In her testimony yesterday, Chuah said she could not complete her investigations because she had yet to get the number of the mobile phone Lingam was using in December 2001. Lingam told her he was using prepaid numbers.
Forgive me for saying this, but Chuah is starting to come across as rather incompetent. In investigating (in her own words): “whether there was corrupt practice or abuse of power” she ignored information/sources related to that.
Ok, this may be because it is an ongoing investigation and therefore the contents of that investigation have to remain secret, as per the Anti Corruption Act. Why not take a statement from Thirunama in the present day then?
She did realise she was looking back at 2001 right? Nobody at the office aware of telcos? What if the number belonged to an overseas operator..where do you go to find out then?
Frankly speaking I’m not that interested in overseas trips by Eusoff Chin and VK Lingam… its only useful to help nail Lingam on the cross and let the bigger fish get away.
KUALA LUMPUR: The living room featured in the V.K. Lingam video clip is the same as the one in the lawyer’s house in Kelana Jaya, Petaling Jaya.
Continuing her testimony, Supt Chuah said she instructed ACA Senior Asst Supt Shahadan Mohd Yatim to take photographs of the living room at Datuk V.K. Lingam’s house in Kelana Jaya where she herself had been to.
She confirmed that 17 screenshots from the video, which were displayed one by one in a slideshow on four large plasma TV screens in the courtroom, were similar to the 17 photographs taken by her subordinate.
In conclusion, Supt Chuah said, the video clip featured the same place that was photographed.
To a question by Lingam’s counsel R. Thayalan, the witness confirmed that the video clip she received was a copy and not the original clip itself.
At the end of yesterday’s proceedings, Ranjit Singh – counsel for the Malaysian Bar – told the commission that he would like to compare Supt Chuah’s transcript with the one prepared “meticulously” by the Bar to ensure that the wordings were accurate.
Why VK Lingam didn’t start renovation of his house in September, I have no idea… sure it would make him look suspicious but at least it would make his denial that the man in the video is him less daft don’t you think? Is he so arrogant so as to not even bother desperate acts like that?
KUALA LUMPUR: Spain may hold the key to establishing the authenticity of a video clip featuring lawyer Datuk V. K. Lingam purportedly talking to a senior judge on judicial appointments.
The Anti-Corruption Agency is hoping that experts there may be able to verify if the voice on the clip was Lingam’s.
Sources said two ACA officers left for Madrid on Monday with a voice sample of the lawyer for use in the exercise.
It is unclear as to why the ACA was looking to Spain for answers as the nation is not particularly well-known for such expertise.
Why don’t we send it to Japan, Hungary or some other country known for technical expertise – maybe ACA got a good price quote for the analysis? Voice print identification would confirm the identities of VK Lingam and the man whom he was speaking to after the phone call, though unfortunately not the voice of the person on the other end of the phone.
KUALA LUMPUR: Laboratory tests in Spain have proven that the voice on the so-called Lingam video clip matched that of lawyer Datuk V.K. Lingam.
Sources said that the finding came after two days of analysis at a private laboratory in Madrid last week.
“This technical finding will be tendered before the Royal Commission of Inquiry through a witness as early as tomorrow (today),” a source told the New Straits Times.
More evidence added against VK Lingam – if he’s smart he should come clean and say he was faking the call, an adequate defense unless telco records for him and Fairuz are obtained.
KUALA LUMPUR: The Bar Council is welcome to take part in the royal commission hearings on the “Lingam” video clip, Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Datuk Seri Nazri Aziz said.
However, he said there was no possibility that Bar Council members could become royal commissioners themselves.
“There is no chance of that happening. How can they act fairly and be unbiased if they have already marched against the judiciary? They have already made their stand.
“Secondly, Lingam is a member of the Bar. Just like they don’t trust the police to investigate their own, how can the Bar be part of an investigation into one of their members?
“Justice must not merely be served, but must be seen to be served,” he said.
In the video clip, lawyer Datuk V.K. Lingam is allegedly shown discussing judicial appointments with a senior judge.
The terms of reference for the royal commission of inquiry was up to the government, Nazri said.
“It is not for the Bar Council to decide, but the government.
Nazri said the terms had not been finalised.
He also said the government was happy with the present system of appointing judges and would not be changing it, despite calls to set up an independent judicial appointments and promotions commission.
In Putrajaya, sources said the Anti-Corruption Agency was still gathering evidence in relation to the video clip.
Investigations were still continuing and the case had not been wrapped up.
In Kuala Lumpur, a lawyer yesterday filed an application seeking a declaration that the resolutions made during the Bar Council extraordinary general meeting on Thursday relating to the “Lingam” video clip were null and void.
Lian Meng Wah, in his application filed at the High Court yesterday, said the Bar Council was not a member of the Malaysian Bar and does not have the power, authority or right to propose any motion under the Legal Profession Act 1976 to be considered at the EGM.
He further stated that the meeting was legal but the motions were illegal and unconstitutional.
– The Malaysian Bar welcomes the announcement of the prime minister to establish a royal commission of inquiry.
Lian sought an order to set aside the adoption of the Bar Council motion as a resolution of the Malaysian Bar and an injunction to refrain the Bar Council from publishing, implementing, acting upon, prosecuting or canvassing the resolutions of the EGM.
For once I agree with Nazri, to prevent a conflict of interest no Bar council member should be part of the Royal Commission. However, wasn’t Haidar also linked to VK Lingam yet given the OK to head the Panel? Sounds like selective judgement sir.
That part about the government being happy with the current system of appointing judges is also disheartening – now is your chance to get support for the government sir! Make a big show of improving the system, get more votes from the less-informed population who only read the media that you control.
Then again it may still happen, to distract from whatever happens at the HINDRAF gathering tomorrow.
It is worth noting that the ACA is reported to be still investigating matters related to the video clip, though that may just be their interview with VK Lingam and nothing more.
There is nothing to ‘implement, act upon or prosecute’ here, unless you count future condemnation of Bar Council members who practice corruption. What is he talking about? There must be more to this than what was printed.
Perhaps he is just a stickler to the rules (I’ll have to pick up a copy of the Legal Profession Act now sigh) and the Malaysian Bar might not have the right to officially give comment on the process of appointing/promoting judges or on the performance of its members.
Looks like the government is going all out to draw public attention away from more important issues (like the BERSIH rally and the upcoming HINDRAF memorandum delivery?) and instead focus on VK Lingam. Even The Star finally spilled out the same details NST had been ballsy enough to print weeks ago. Lets look at the major events of the week, there has been too much for me to do my usual day by day post.
Both NST and The Star ran this story on the frontpage the next day.
What’s interesting is that since the spotlight is not on Fairuz at all, it looks like my earlier prediction might be right after all – VK Lingam as a scapegoat, case closed.
IPOH: Informers will have their identities protected until their cases come up in court where everything will be made public, Minister in the Prime Minister’s Department Datuk Seri Mohamed Nazri Abdul Aziz said yesterday.
He said once someone was charged, there would no longer be any secrecy.
The names of police informers, which Commercial Crime Investigation Department director Datuk Ramli Yusuff alleged were leaked in charges against several CCID officers recently, were in the public domain as the case was brought to court, Nazri said after attending a Hari Raya gathering at the Perak ACA office here.
Nazri said he did not know where the leak came from, but denied that it was the fault of the Anti-Corruption Agency.
He said the ACA did not have any agenda except to combat corruption and urged the public to continue co-operating with it.
I am assuming that Nazri is talking about police informants – does he mean that if lets say a Mafia member leaks some information to the police, his name will be publicised and he will face reprisal in future? What a horrifying thought!
53. (1) Subject to subsection (2), where any complaint made by an officer of the Agency states that the complaint is made in consequence of information received by the officer making the complaint, the information referred to in the complaint and the identity of the person from whom such information is received shall be secret between the officer who made the complaint and the person who gave the information, and everything contained in such information, the identity of the person who gave the information and all other circumstances relating to the information, including the place where it was given, shall not be disclosed or be ordered or required to be disclosed in any civil, criminal or other proceedings in any court, tribunal or other authority.
(2) If any book, paper or other document, or any visual or sound recording, or other matter or material which is given in evidence or liable to inspection in any civil, criminal or other proceedings in any court, tribunal or other authority as are referred to in subsection (1) contains an eny entry or other matter in which any person who gave the information is named or described or show, or which might lead to his discovery, the court before which the proceedings are held shall cause all such parts thereof or passages therein to be concealed from view or to be obliterated or otherwise removed so far as is necessary to protect such person from discovery.
So basically ACA informers should have their identities kept secret forever, by law. Something worth remembering. | 2019-04-18T18:32:07Z | https://ak57.wordpress.com/tag/aca/ | Porn | Home | 0.827153 |
wordpress | March 2015 – Life happens!!
3 posts in 3 days!!!
3 posts in 3 days!!! Jackpot!
As I said in my last post, the half marathon is coming in less than a month. The snowarmageddon did really mess me up and took away important training days. I could easily join a no-contract gym but running on a treadmill is not just the same as pounding the pavement, it is more like a bridge to nowhere… I have only one month to get serious with this. I remember one time I woke up on a Saturday morning and did a 100 km bike-a-thon, just like that! but then again, that was long ago and I was young and was 30 pounds lighter too! Have you ever woken up and ran a race without training? Keep the faith and have an awesome week!
It’s Women’s History Month. There has been so many important women who have shaped the world. Who do you immediately think of when you think about women (past or present) who bring about change?
There are many women who have brought about good change, but the one who I would like to write about in this post is the late Professor Wangari Maathai.
– She was an environmental and political activist. I remember when she would literally stand on land that was going to be ‘grabbed’ because someone wanted to build a skyscrapper on it. She literally saved Uhuru Park.
– She founded the Green Belt Movement(GBM) which focused on planting trees. To-date the GBM has assisted women in planting more than 40 million trees on community farms.
– She was the first African woman to receive a Nobel Peace prize for her contribution to sustainable development, democracy and peace in 2004.
– She was the first woman in East and Central Africa to earn a doctorate.
– She passed away in September 2011.
Which woman do you think of?
I cannot believe it is March! Baby girl hits double digit and the boy is almost there too! February was a crazy month! The snow had us home for 5 school days! It was actually fun spending time with my kids, we could not go anywhere, as I write, more than 10 days later, I still have snow on my yard.
This is the half-marathon month. As usual, snow always interferes with my training, but snow has never been known to stop me. The goal is actually to finish, but it would be nice to beat my brother’s and my cousin’s time…something like 2 hours! We shall see.
The job has been going well, I have seen great improvement in my students, I take it one day at a time and encourage them to aim high and not to settle! World view?
I hope you are keeping warm and keep looking up! | 2019-04-25T07:44:56Z | https://graceatuju.wordpress.com/2015/03/ | Porn | Sports | 0.428577 |
wordpress | Dear friends, this is an excerpt from my friend, Author Cheryl Zelenka’s new book called Facing Storms: Devotions for thoughts and meditation.
In his song STAND, Rich Mullins wrote, “There is more that rises in the morning than the sun.” He knew that with each new day there is the gift of a new beginning, one brimming with promise.
Anticipated desires, which we expect to occur, are called hopes. God hears all of our prayers and petitions. Therefore, our hopes are certainly obtainable so long as they are aligned with His perfect will. Through the refining process, God transforms our selfish desires into His perfect ones. The desires, dreams, and hopes planted in our hearts will mature and grow with time, eventually bearing the fruit that serves His glorious purpose. There is great joy to be had while holding hope in your heart. Sometimes this hope is a secret matter between you and the Lord, shared with no other.
How precious these special thoughts and intimate conversational moments! To meditate on a desire not yet fulfilled, with glorious anticipation, is a blessing. Waiting on the fulfillment of this hope is an experience few learn to savor. Don’t let doubt or impatience rob you of this opportunity to draw near God in a new and intimate way.
God’s gifts are always more wonderful than we can imagine. His blessings are beyond our imagination or comprehension. Why not ask for those things that would please your heavenly Father? Wait for His will and desires to be revealed. Patiently hold on to your hope but trust Him to transform and purify every one of your desires. Thus, as you delight yourself in the Lord the desires of your heart will be granted… for His hopes will have become your own.
This beautiful plant is called Miracle Fruit Plant. It bears a red fruit that makes sour or bitter flavors taste sweet. “Miracle” sits outside my apartment door, and is a daily reminder that good things are already in my life and new ones are coming with the help and grace of God. I hope you also believe in miracles too.
On October 1st the church celebrated St. Therese with an Annual Feast Day Prayer service. Many things were going on in my mind, but God assured me He was in control. It was a very special day for me. The sky was incredible and I felt God’s love and grace. | 2019-04-21T15:16:28Z | https://simplysands.wordpress.com/2014/10/ | Porn | Home | 0.53078 |
tripod | One day, I woke early in the morning to watch the sunrise. Ah, the beauty of God's creation is beyond description. As I watched, I praised God for His beautiful work. As I sat there, I felt the Lord's presence with me.
I was perplexed. I looked down upon my arms, legs, and the rest of my body, and wondered how many things I wouldn't be able to do; things that I took for granted. And I answered, "It would be tough Lord, but I would still love You."
How could I love something without being able to see it? Then I thought of all the blind people in the world, and how many of them still loved God and His creation. So I answered, "It's hard to think of it, but I would still love you."
How could I praise without a voice? Then it occurred to me: God wants us to sing from our very heart and soul. It never matters what we sound like. And praising God is not always with a song, but when we are persecuted, we give God praise with our words of thanks. So I answered, "Though I could not physically sing, I would still praise Your Name.
I answered, "Because I am only human. I am not perfect."
"THEN WHY IN TIMES OF PEACE DO YOU STRAY THE FURTHEST? WHY ONLY IN TIMES OF TROUBLE DO YOU PRAY IN EARNEST?"
No answers. Only tears. The Lord continued: "Why only sing at fellowships and retreats? Why seek Me only in times of worship? Why ask things so selfishly? Why ask things so unfaithfully?"
The tears continued to roll down my cheeks. "Why are you ashamed of Me? Why are you not spreading the good news? Why in times of persecution, you cry to others when I offer My shoulder to cry on? Why make excuses when I give you opportunities to serve in My Name?"
I tried to answer, but there was no answer to give. "You are blessed with life. I made you not to throw this gift away. I have blessed you with talents to serve Me, but you continue to turn away. I have revealed My Word to you, but you do not gain in knowledge. I have spoken to you but your ears were closed. I have shown My blessings to you, but your eyes were turned away. I have sent you servants, but you sat idly by as they were pushed away. I have heard your prayers and I have answered them all.
DO YOU TRULY LOVE ME ?"
When I my heart had cried out and the tears had flowed, I said, "Please forgive me, Lord. I am unworthy to be Your child."
The Lord answered, "That is My Grace, My child."
The Lord answered, "Because you are My creation. You are my child. I will never abandon you. When you cry, I will have compassion and cry with you. When you shout with joy, I will laugh with you. When you are down, I will encourage you. When you fall, I will raise you up. When you are tired, I will carry you. I will be with you till the end of days, and I will love you forever."
I asked God, "How much do You love me?"
The Lord stretched out His arms, and I saw His nail-pierced hands. I bowed down at the feet of Christ, my Saviour.
And for the first time, I truly prayed. | 2019-04-22T03:34:33Z | http://dwkeys.tripod.com/lstory.html | Porn | Reference | 0.136851 |
cnn | Orange Beach, Alabama (CNN) -- On Thursday evening, a boat returned to its dock without its captain -- his vibrant personality and smile gone. On the dock was a wreath memorializing the Gulf fisherman known as "Rookie."
His family and friends say "Rookie," whose real name was Allen Kruse, was stressed beyond belief by the effects of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill in the Gulf. On Thursday, a coroner ruled his sudden, tragic death a suicide.
Kruse, 55, a charter boat captain who had been hired by BP to help clean Gulf waterways and render them safe, died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound Wednesday on board one of his own vessels.
"Most definitely a suicide," said Rod Steade Sr., deputy coroner for Baldwin County, Alabama. "No question about it."
Kruse shot himself with his own gun, kept on board his boat, which was also named "Rookie." He sent two of his deckhands on an errand before killing himself. He did not leave a note, and none of his friends suspected he would do something so extreme.
"He must have had his demons," said Captain Bryan Watts.
For 14 days, Kruse had been using his boats to haul protective boom off of Alabama's shores, instead of captaining them on the hunt for snapper and amberjack. A charter boat fishing captain for 26 years, he -- like countless other Gulf fishermen -- found his passion and his career threatened by the undersea oil gusher.
"The day that oil entered the Gulf, my phone quit ringing," he said last month in a television interview.
Kruse told his family that he believed the Deepwater Horizon oil spill had effectively killed his livelihood as well as the ocean.
"He just thought it was over," said brother Marc Kruse. "He said, 'the Gulf's dead.' ... There was no hope that the fishing was ever going to come back ... not in his lifetime."
Marc Kruse and another brother, Frank Kruse, told CNN they believe Allen Kruse would still be alive today if he had believed he was making an impact against the oil that was threatening the waters he loved.
"If he thought they were doing something that was working, that was effective, they were making a difference, yes, but every day there was a different meeting with a different plan," said Frank Kruse, referring to BP's program to enlist out-of-work fishermen.
Allen Kruse didn't have much choice but to join the program, his brother said -- he used to make between $5,000 and $6,000 a day chartering his two boats, income that had ceased.
So, he signed his boats up for the BP program, known as "Vessels of Opportunity." He worked for two weeks straight, his family says, but hadn't been paid.
Allen Kruse called the program "madness," they said, and told relatives it was a sham.
His brothers said he told them that cleanup boats were put in the water close to shore, so people would think they were making a difference.
"It's just a dog and pony show," said Marc Kruse. "Send them out. Ride around. Let everybody see them. Bring them back in."
A BP spokesman did not return CNN's calls for comment. The company has repeatedly said it's doing everything it can to fund and facilitate cleanup efforts, and cap the ruptured deepwater well. Government estimates say up to 60,000 barrels oil could be gushing daily.
Anxieties and frustrations are increasing among Gulf residents over the ongoing oil disaster, according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The department says it's concerned about an increase in depression and the potential for more suicides.
"We're all going through a lot of stress," said Tom Ard, president of the Orange Beach Fishing Association and a close friend of Allen Kruse.
"Just stress, starting a new job with BP. It's something we've never done before, being in the oil business, so we've got a lot on our plate. We've all been stressed out," he said.
And others might buckle under the strain: "We worry about that every day," said Captain Ben Fairey, one of Allen Kruse's friends.
"There's a lot of people on the edge. We feel hopeless. We feel helpless. We don't feel like there's an advocate out there," said Tony Kennon, mayor of Orange Beach, a close-knit fishing community.
"We're bringing in and asking all the preachers and all the churches to step up and help. We have a weekly meeting at lunch on Wednesdays where we invite the entire community in for support. BP is there to ask questions. Folks vent," he said.
"But the big thing is we have to love each other. We've got to be there for each other. We can't let go. We can't give up."
Still, Allen Kruse's death could be about more than oil. Fairey said the past few years haven't been easy for anyone in Orange Beach.
"This has been a long-term situation," Fairey said. "This started in 2004, with a direct hit from Hurricane Ivan, then the next year was Katrina, then skyrocketing fuel prices, fishing regulations, then an oil spill. This has been six years that this area has really suffered a lot of stress."
Still, nothing has hit as hard as the oil spill, which has robbed fisherman of their ability to make a living -- and now, of their friend.
CNN's David Mattingly and Anderson Cooper contributed to this report. | 2019-04-18T22:53:31Z | http://www.cnn.com/2010/US/06/25/gulf.oil.disaster.suicide/index.html | Porn | News | 0.245185 |
wordpress | Can the government restrict economic liberty just to enrich a group of politically favored insiders?
That’s the question the Institute for Justice (IJ) and its client, Saint Joseph Abbey of Saint Benedict, La., have taken to federal court in challenging the constitutionality of Louisiana’s outrageous requirement that the monks of the Abbey must be licensed as funeral directors and convert their monastery into a licensed funeral home in order to sell their handmade wooden caskets.
“We are not a wealthy monastery, and we want to sell our plain wooden caskets to pay for food, health care, and the education of our monks,” said IJ client Abbot Justin Brown.
Under Louisiana law, it is a crime for anyone but a licensed funeral director to sell “funeral merchandise,” which includes caskets. To sell caskets legally, the monks would have to abandon their calling for one full year to apprentice at a licensed funeral home, and convert their monastery into a “funeral establishment” by, among other things, installing equipment for embalming. The State Board of Embalmers and Funeral Directors is now going after Saint Joseph Abbey for the “sin” of selling caskets without a government-issued license.
Andrew Klavan explains the difference between the Constitution and toilet paper.
You are currently browsing the The American Catholic blog archives for the day Friday, August 13th, 2010. | 2019-04-26T05:54:20Z | https://amcatholic.wordpress.com/2010/08/13/ | Porn | Shopping | 0.472576 |
livejournal | I'm glad I had not posted any "best of 2004" lists before tonight, as I just saw "The Life Aquatic With Steve Zissou" and I think I'd have to do some revision. I really loved Wes Anderson's previous film, "The Royal Tenenbaums", but this one exceeded it in almost every way. The framing of the film again stunned me, with each shot designed to play on symmetry and careful placement of actors. Bill Murray and Cate Blanchett both put in amazing performances, and the screenplay, co-written by Anderson and Noah Baumbach, played with absurdity while still staying human and had really great timing and wit. The sets astounded me, especially during a long take on the cutaway set the boat, the Belafonte. Even typography was a character in this film with a distinctive pair of fonts used to great effect.
I'm hoping 2005 will be as good of a year for film as 2004 was. I'm looking forward to SXSW 2005, and I can't wait for September's release of Joss Whedon's "Serenity", the film that continues the story of the show "Firefly". Hal Hartley has a new one coming with "The Girl From Monday". Rick Linklatter's got "A Scanner Darkly" on the way, and Mike Judge has his sci-fi comedy coming too. Don't forget "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy", which might just work given the filmmakers' reverence to Adam's work, and the fourth Harry Potter film which hits during the holidays.
I'm glad someone liked it. I've been looking forward to it, and have only heard bad comments from friends. Oh, and I can't wait until Serenity. | 2019-04-21T15:06:01Z | https://unwiredben.livejournal.com/81708.html?thread=62508 | Porn | News | 0.403831 |
wordpress | The kids went to their parkour lessons again today. Their workout today was more intense than their previous sessions. In the past, they would finish in about an hour and a half. But today, they went more than two hours. That’s two hours of running, jumping, falling, moving all over the place. I figured they would be very hungry afterwards, but I did not bring anything to eat for snack. Fortunately, the gym was near a marketplace. I walked around and saw a stall selling “turon” and “banana-cue”.
These are native snacks that are commonly sold in market stalls. “Turon” is made up of sliced sweet plantain bananas wrapped in spring roll wrapper and fried with sugar. “Banana-cue” is made up of whole sweet plantain bananas cooked with brown sugar and skewered on a barbecue stick. They are very affordable, delicious and available just about everywhere. I got some “turon” and a few sticks of “banana-cue” for our afternoon snack. The kids wolfed them down to the last bite. Really delicious!
This entry was posted in Food, Grateful Project, Life in the Metro and tagged Food. Bookmark the permalink. | 2019-04-22T18:18:59Z | https://chinotrixi.wordpress.com/2014/06/21/grateful-project-day-172-delicious-snacks/ | Porn | Kids | 0.633454 |
wordpress | For the first time in the history of the base hospital at Fort Sam Houston, nursing sisters from the Catholic orders are not only on duty at the hospital, but are living at the hospital until the present [influenza] is passed.
San Antonio had another college added to its list with the acceptance of Westmoorland as a senior college.
A life-size marble casting of Michelangelo’s famous “Pietà,” depicting the body of Jesus on the lap of his mother Mary after the Crucifixion, will be dedicated at 6:30 p.m. today at the Shrine of St. Padre Pio, 3843 Bulverde Parkway. Archbishop Gustavo García-Siller will celebrate the unveiling. The work came to the Archdiocese of San Antonio by way of Arte Divine, distributor of the Vatican Observatory Foundation, which authorized and licensed the creation of 100 exact castings of the sculpture. Each was made of Carrara marble.
Posted on October 21, 2018, in Texana and tagged 1918, 1936, 2016, WWI. Bookmark the permalink. Leave a comment. | 2019-04-24T15:32:57Z | https://mysapl.wordpress.com/2018/10/21/october-21-in-san-antonio-history-10/ | Porn | Arts | 0.940841 |
wordpress | See on Scoop.it – Me Online!
Adam Pretty was named sport photographer of the year at the Sony World Photography Awards in London overnight.
Ronaldo Stewart is a freelance photographer based out of New Jersey. He started getting into photography around high school but it wasn’t intentional.
As with several other cameras in Panasonic’s Lumix range, the LF1 includes integrated Wi-Fi and NFC technology. | 2019-04-21T14:32:33Z | https://paintinglite.wordpress.com/2013/04/ | Porn | Reference | 0.220822 |
tripod | Is the Tradition you Observe of Man or God?
"1. Originally, a surrender; betrayal. 2. The handing down orally of stories, beliefs, customs, etc. from generation to generation. 3. A story, belief, custom, proverb, etc. handed down this way. 4. A long-established custom or practice that has the effect of an unwritten law; specifically, any of the usages of a school of art or literature handed down through the generations, and generally observed. 5. In theology, a) Among Jews, the unwritten religious code and doctrine regarded as handed down from Moses. B) Among Christians, the unwritten teachings regarded as handed down from Jesus and the Apostles. C) Among Moslems, the sayings and acts attributed to Mohammed, not in the Koran, but orally transmitted."
Basically then, a tradition is an observance of some type which is based upon oral history or handed down through the ages. Fireworks used to celebrate the Fourth of July is a tradition as is turkey as the dinner meat on Thanksgiving day. Families often gather for a meal at holiday times and this then becomes a tradition for them. There are many other traditions which could be mentioned, but I would like to confine the discussion to those traditions observed by the Christian.
Scripture gives us some instruction about traditions. We are directed to observe those traditions of God. One of those traditions we are directed to observe is baptism. John, the one sent to prepare the way for the Christ, preached both repentance and baptism. He also preached that the Christ, who would follow him, would baptize with the Holy Ghost.
Another of the traditions instituted by God is the "Lord's Supper" as described by Paul in his first letter to the church at Corinth.
Paul, in his second letter to the Thessalonians, cautions them to "hold the traditions which you have been taught, whether by word, or our epistle." He is referring to the gospel of Jesus Christ, and the kingdom of God, which is the epistle he was teaching.
We are also shown the displeasure exhibited by Jesus regarding the tradition of the elders of the Jewish Synagogue. Over the years the elders of the Synagogue had added various interpretations of their own to Scripture. These interpretations put additional burdens upon the people of Israel beyond those required by God.
Scripture records two accounts of the Pharisees and scribes asking Jesus why His disciples transgressed the tradition of the elders by eating food without washing their hands. The answer given by Jesus was one of rebuke even though it was stated differently in each case.
Jesus called His disciples aside and taught them the spiritual concept regarding that which defiles them. He was concerned about what entered the "spiritual system", that is "the heart through the mind", rather than the "digestive system."
We are also cautioned to refrain from being led astray by the "tradition of men" in the following four Scriptures.
It has already been shown that Jesus was critical of the Pharisees and scribes for insisting on observance of the "tradition of the elders" of the Synagogue. Through the sacrifice Jesus made at Calvary the church was freed from the "traditions of the elders" of the Synagogue but has been ensnared again by the "tradition of men." Beginning during the first century, and continuing to this present day, Scripture has been interpreted by man with the result that much of the church today observes traditions of man contrary to the Word of God.
The "Easter egg hunts" staged by many of the church.
The witches and ghosts of Halloween even though many churches attempt to soften the impact by calling it a "Harvest Party."
The Santa Claus of Christmas.
The word Easter appears only once in some of the earliest editions of the King James version of the Bible. In most translations, however, the word used is "Passover" rather than "Easter." The Israelites and Jewish people have celebrated "Passover" ever since Moses led the Israelites out from Egypt. It is done in remembrance of the time of the Exodus where the Blood of a lamb was placed upon the lintel and door posts as a sign to the death angel to "pass over" that dwelling without killing the firstborn. The original occurrence of Passover was in the Hebrew month of Nisan which corresponds to our present day March/April time of the year. Christ's crucifixion also occurred at the end of the Passover celebration.
The early Jewish Christians did not celebrate Easter as they observed the Passover instead, on the 14th day of the Month Nisan. The Gentile Christians, of New Testament times, also did not celebrate Easter nor the Passover, but instead celebrated Christ's Resurrection on the Lord's day. According to the Zondervan Pictorial Bible Dictionary "it was the church council of Nicea, convened by the Roman Emperor Constantine, in 325 A.D. which decreed that Easter should be celebrated on the first Sunday after the full moon following the vernal equinox. This is the system followed today making the date of Easter to fall between March 22nd and April 25th." Easter is not a Christian celebration but rather a pagan festival brought into the church. It was part of the merging of the Christian culture and pagan traditions instituted by Constantine when he formed the Roman (Catholic) Church.
There are at least two, and possibly many more, versions of the origin of the Easter celebration. Both, and perhaps others as well, relate to fertility. These Easter celebrations seem to have been practices of pagan peoples, particularly the Egyptians, Persians (Babylon) and the Ba'al worshipers of the Canaanite tribes.
The Easter celebration, observed by the pagans at the same time as the Passover, was the "Festival of Oestre" in honor of the goddess of Spring, Fertility and New Life. From the earliest of times eggs have been symbols of fertility and new life. Rabbits also have been worshiped by pagans as symbols of fertility. It is therefore quite easy to understand the connection between the Easter bunny and the Easter egg. Neither of these, however, have any connection to the Passover or the resurrection of Christ. Since the pagan Festival of Oestre coincided each spring with the time of Passover, it isn't difficult to see how the pagan beliefs and customs eased into the life of the Church and eventually replaced the Passover.
Both the rabbit and the egg used in the current day Easter Celebration are idols. According to the definition of the word idol, by the College Edition of Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language, "it is an image of a god, used as an object or instrument of worship: sometimes said of any heathen deity." While the observance of the Easter Celebration complete with egg-laying rabbits might be appropriate for pagans, it is a practice which is condemned by Scripture.
Christians, those who follow Christ, ought instead to celebrate the resurrection of the risen Saviour who is Jesus Christ.
The early Celtic civilization, even as much as 300 years before Christ, celebrated the Festival of Samhain on October 31st. Samhain is their god of death and on the night of Festival of Samhain many human sacrifices are to be presented to Samhain. The mid-night hour on that night is the high point of the year for divination, spiritism and sorcery of all kinds for the followers of this belief system.
The Pope, in the eighth century, in an attempt to get people to abandon the Festival of Samhain and all its occult practices instituted Halloween as we know it today. All Saints Day was established, by the Pope, as November 1st. This was never a Christian holiday, but a Catholic holiday to worship and pray to the Saints in honor of those who were martyrs in the Roman persecutions. All Saints Day was later called "All Hallowed" and then "All Halloweds Eve" and then "Hallows Eve" and finally, Halloween. This attempt to get the church to abandon the occultic celebration, has over time, led people to believe it is a Christian observance which is far from the truth.
The Jack-o-lantern, a traditional symbol of Halloween, was originally carried by Druids dressed in black robes. It was hollowed out turnip (pumpkins were later substituted because they were much easier to hollow out and carve) with a face carved in its side representing the demon spirit dwelling inside and lit by an oil lamp from inside the Jack-o-lantern. Halloween has always been a devils holiday where divination, spiritism, sorcery, and witchcraft have been the major focus. There has never been, nor is there now, anything Christian about Halloween. Followers of Christ Jesus should refuse to participate in any of the activities of Halloween.
What connection do Santa Claus, reindeer and elves have to the birth of Jesus Christ? And why is Christ's birth celebrated on December 25th? Most historians and astronomers believe Christ's birth occurred in the fall of the year during our present day September. That was typically the time of year the census was taken which was the reason Jesus was born in Bethlehem. It is also believed, by the historians and astronomers, the Star of Bethlehem would have been visible there at that time rather than at the end of December.
Constantine birthed the Roman (Catholic) Church from a merger of paganism and Christianity in the third century. In 375 A.D. the church announced the birth date of Christ would be celebrated on December 25th and many of the customs of the pagan Saturnalia Festival would be allowed to continue. This Saturnalia Festival was a week-long celebration of merry making and gift-giving which culminated in the winter solstice on December 25th.
Santa Claus, as we know him, is a composite of many un-Christian traditions. His traveling over the entire earth in a sleigh pulled by reindeer in just a few hours and going down chimneys to deliver gifts to children who had been good but not those who had been bad is clearly supernatural. The question we must ask, however, "is it Scriptural?" Nowhere in the Bible do we find anything even remotely resembling this storybook tale. Scripture is, in fact, quite clear about God giving gifts to all who will come to Him, good or bad.
For those who are Christians, and believe Christ died for them, Christmas should be one of the most exciting holidays to honor the birth of our Lord Jesus. Without His birth, death and resurrection we have no hope of a future.
Shortly after Moses led the Israelites out of Egypt, God met with him on mount Sinai. It was here that God gave Moses the two Tablets of Stone, The Ten Commandants, and the Book of the Law. These instructions prescribed the form of worship, the sacrifices and offerings to be made, and the festivals to be celebrated. Also included were the commandments outlining how the Israelites were to respond to one another in their daily activities.
God did not alter or change these instructions, which is the Old Covenant or Old Testament, until the time of Jesus. During the years between Moses and Jesus there were times when the Israelites faithfully tried to obey, but there were others times when they chased after the pagan gods of the land. As they obeyed, they were blessed by God and were cursed as they disobeyed.
Over these years the priests, or elders, of the Synagogue began to add various interpretations of their own to Scripture in answer to disputes between individual Israelites. These interpretations of Scripture, and the instructions for administering them, were written out and then used again in similar situations. In time the elders began to revere these interpretations as much as the Scripture itself. This placed a considerable additional burden upon the people of Israel beyond those required by God.
The Prophet Jeremiah spoke of Jesus, prophesying of the new covenant God would make with His people.
This new covenant was not written on stone tablets, but it put God's law upon our heart. A personal relationship with Jesus, who is the mediator between ourselves and God makes the earthly priests unnecessary. Jesus has washed us in His own blood and made us priests unto God.
We also would not need these priests to teach us because we will know God and His ways. The priests and elders of the Synagogue were critical of Jesus because His teachings contradicted their traditions. They, the priests and elders, finally had Jesus crucified to protect the position of esteem and authority they had assumed.
Jesus told His disciples of His crucifixion and ascension before it occurred. He also said the Comforter, or Holy Spirit, would be sent to be their teacher.
The church, under the new covenant, was to be governed by the Holy Spirit rather than earthly men. God established His Son, Jesus, as the head and believers as the Body of Christ. Paul, in verses 12 through 21of the twelfth chapter of First Corinthians, writes about how we are the Body of Christ. He summarizes this for us in verse 27: "Now ye are the body of Christ, and members in particular."
There is absolutely no reference in Scripture to a clergy/laity form of government for the church. Mention is made of overseers, elders and deacons who are to be mature individuals who will provide guidance but not control. It is the Holy Spirit who is to provide the control. All members of the church are to participate in the meetings by bringing a psalm, a song, a spiritual song, and giving of thanks to the Lord but no individual member in control of the entire meeting.
The form of church government where a priest or several priests preside over the group was instituted when Constantine formed the Roman church by merging the Christian culture with the pagan traditions in the third century. This had the effect of bringing back the form of government from the old covenant.
Very few verses of Scripture support the traditional meeting format where pastors "do it all" and the members just sit and listen to a sermon. Most of the references indicate meetings where everyone participated in some measure.
Additionally, we are told to go and teach, or make disciples of the teachings of Jesus.
The making of a disciple requires an extended period of time with the individual. It is impossible to make disciples during the traditional meeting format observed by most congregations today. Discipleship is not learning and memorizing a bunch of rules but rather learning a life-style. It requires observation of the behavior of a more mature disciple in every-day activities along with direction from the Holy Spirit. The fifteen to thirty-minute lecture, or sermon, on Sunday morning might provide some information to help a person live a more sin free life. It is, however, a very poor substitute for "training up a child in the ways of God." Very little can be learned and even less remembered from such short periods of instruction.
The Roman church spread into many parts of the world but control remained in Rome, with a hierarchy very similar to the present day Catholic church. Eventually there were some church members who disagreed with the teachings of the church and left or were excommunicated. These people often attracted followers who started a new group. Martin Luther is perhaps the best known of the dissenters forming a new church which others began to call "The Lutherans." John Wesley and the Methodists, John Darby and the Plymouth Brethren, King Henry VIII and the Church of England (Episcopal in the United States) are three more who are well known.
There are now multiplied thousands of these new groups, or denominations, each with doctrines based upon man's interpretation of Scripture. Many of these new groups are formed based upon the Scriptural concept of a Holy Spirit controlled body of believers. Unfortunately man eventually begins to exert control and the clergy/laity form of government is introduced into the new group. Often these new groups intend to be inclusive in nature but usually become exclusive in time by setting standards of belief and/or behavior expected of those of the group. Almost always a name is attached to the group to identify it. Any of these actions will turn the group into a denomination which divides rather than complements the Body of Christ.
Presented here is only a sampling of the many "man's tradition" which are prevalent in the church today. These examples of attempts to counteract the pagan influence found attractive by so many Christians, along with the interpretation of Scripture by man, have resulted in a church far from that which God intended. Over the years these worldly pagan practices and "traditions of man" have completely infiltrated the church. Christians today, often don't know the origin of these practices and blindly accept them as Scriptural. Members of the clergy have often taught some of these practices to the church.
Satan, the enemy of our soul, has so cleverly taken a little truth to wrap around so much unscriptural pagan belief thereby bringing such a large scale deception into the Body of Christ. We must be constantly vigilant to guard against the masking of truth with half-truths. It is imperative for us to continually "drink of Christ's blood and eat of His body" which is the Word of God.
It is only through a thorough knowledge of Scripture, and being led by the Holy Spirit, that we are able to discern the difference between the tradition of man and the kingdom of God. | 2019-04-24T06:44:11Z | http://bill98579-1222.tripod.com/Seeking-His-Kingdom2/bill010.htm | Porn | Health | 0.417294 |
wordpress | A great weekend but started with the bad news that Jimmy Bruno couldn’t make it but at the 11th hour the talented Adrian Ingram stood in which was a more than worthy replacement!
After the Friday welcoming and teaching session there was a concert featuring the amazingly talented guitar wizard Gary Potter which was a feast for guitarists and music fans alike. The embedded clip is of the first 10 mins of the concert.
Saturday started over at the University with the teaching and we set our stall up with a small selection of our stock and we were pleased at the enthusiastic response from everyone; it also gave us a chance to catch a few words with some of our past customers and potential future customers!
There was a Student Jam session at lunchtime which almost everyone participated. Ably helped along by the solid rhythm section which included Bill Coleman and Andy Hulme it was great that there were no egos, no criticism, just solid encouragement and applause which I think is one of the best features of the whole event; the fact that it is an inclusive event which aims to get everyone playing and more importantly enjoying the sometimes bewildering world of jazz guitar. For anyone reading this who is thinking about attending this event in the future than my advice from myself is to go for it! As far as I can see it’s pretty much a unique event in the UK jazz guitar calender that gets people travelling from all over Britain and from Europe too. You’ll meet with like minded musicians and swap stories and info about equipment and you never know you might find the other part of the jazz guitar duo you always wanted to play in!
That afternoon there was a session on guitar setups and maintenance from the reputed guitar luthier Trevor Jones, another useful part of the event.
Later that evening there was a concert which featured the great Dave O’Higgins, Bill Coleman, Adrian Ingram, Trefor Owen and Andy Hulme and was a fitting end to a great day. It brings it home to you when you see these guys (who’ve probably never played together before) just how great they are at putting on a show and they effortlessly played standard after standard; top notch stuff.
We had to leave on the Sunday early but there is another teaching session in the morning before the weekend draws to a close.
A very special thank you should go to Trefor Owen and Maureen Hopkins who puts this whole thing together, without their tireless effort drive and enthusiasm the UK scene would be much worse off. I’m happy to say there are plans afoot for another event with another US jazz guitar star next year…See www.northwalesjazz.org.uk for details of future events and do yourself a favour- get yourself along!
We’re looking forward to this event as it is always one of the best events in the UK jazz guitar calender. This year is featuring the legendary Jimmy Bruno as the guest tutor which promises to be a real treat. There’s a host of gigs happening over the weekend from an informal jam to the concerts featuring Gary Potter and the Saturday night concert which is Jimmy Bruno as well as Trefor Owen. It also features the fantastic Dave O’Higgins on sax who is a bona fide UK sax legend!. Foulds are supporting the event and will be there with a small selection of guitars, accessories and magazines. | 2019-04-20T04:53:24Z | https://jazzguitarscene.wordpress.com/tag/dave-ohiggins/ | Porn | Business | 0.272678 |
wordpress | Kadri Gürsel receives the first Turkish-Armenian Journalism Award.
Milliyet columnist Kadri Gürsel received the first Turkish-Armenian Journalism Award given by the Eurasia Partnership Foundation, Global Political Trends Center of Kültür University and Yerevan Press Club on Thursday.
The award is given to the journalist who contributed the normalization of the Armenian-Turkish relationship with his coverage of the issues between Armenia and Turkey, said Yerevan Press Club President Boris Navasardian.
“In the past, mainstream media in both countries were reflecting the official state views. In his articles however, Kadri Gürsel reflected his own personal experience and opinion with a very professional approach to the problems between Armenia and Turkey. Only these kinds of publications can help these countries understand each other,” Navasardian said. | 2019-04-18T20:34:07Z | https://epfinmedia.wordpress.com/2011/07/08/milliyet-columnist-receives-turkish-armenian-journalism-award/ | Porn | News | 0.96229 |
wordpress | Catch glimpses of the celebrations at KVPT. Click here.
Vidyalaya Patrika 2015: Read it online!
The KVPT Vidyalaya Patrika 2015 was inaugrated today (12/8/2015) during the VMC Meeting. Click here to view it online. | 2019-04-21T10:41:06Z | https://kvptlibrary.wordpress.com/2015/08/ | Porn | News | 0.785573 |
ncsu | If your dog or cat decides to chew on the African violet, should you call the vet? If you aren’t sure, you’re not alone. A recent pilot survey conducted by veterinary pharmacists from NC State found that there’s still a lot of confusion regarding which foods, plants and medications can be toxic to pets.
Kenneth Royal, an assistant professor of educational assessment and outcomes at the NC State College of Veterinary Medicine, partnered with veterinary pharmacologist and lead author of the study Natalie Young and veterinary pharmacists Gigi Davidson and Bryan Lovee to determine how familiar the general public is with pet toxins.
Using Amazon’s Mechanical Turk, the team designed an online survey which asked participants to identify potential animal toxicants on a list of 25 common household items, including plants, foods and over-the-counter medications. Fifteen of the listed items were toxic to pets; the remainder were not.
The survey also asked participants what resource they would use if a pet consumed the toxic item: calling a veterinarian, searching the internet or contacting a local pharmacy.
Participants had to be at least 18 years old and U.S. residents. Eight hundred and twenty-five people – a representative mix of ages, genders and races that included both pet owners and non-owners – participated in the survey. They were asked to choose either a dog or cat as a frame of reference and then rate their level of concern (with 0 being unconcerned and 5 extremely concerned) in the event of ingestion for each substance on the list. A rating of 3.5 or higher was considered an appropriate level of concern for a toxic substance, with a rating of three or higher considered an inaccurate level of concern for nontoxic items.
Participants were able to correctly identify 13 of the 25 listed items as toxic to a dog or cat, a 52 percent accuracy rate. Pet owners, who represented more than 85 percent of participants, tended to express more concern for each item listed. Similarly, females, older participants and participants from the southern U.S. expressed significantly more concern about each potential pet poison. Approximately one-half (46 percent) of participants indicated they would consult a veterinarian for more information about pet toxicology, while most others (44.6 percent) indicated they would search the internet.
The survey results have been published in the Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science. | 2019-04-24T02:16:45Z | https://cvm.ncsu.edu/pet-toxins-study/ | Porn | Science | 0.849544 |
wordpress | We are ten photographers who have come together through our love of moody and emotive black and white imagery. We are mothers with very different backgrounds, melting our vision and life experiences that span countries across the world, from the Caribbean islands and United States all the way to Scotland, Switzerland, UK and New Zealand . We look for beauty in the patterns of shadows, where light meets dark. Our children and our everyday life are our inspiration, and we frame these in light and deep shadows. | 2019-04-25T04:15:34Z | https://intheshadowsoflife.wordpress.com/ | Porn | Kids | 0.492511 |
wordpress | Uploaded by rashachadash. – Watch the latest news videos.
If oil is indeed leaking from the sea floor near the well, this suggests that the well casing has been breached.
Did BP Start Losing Containment of the Oil Well in February? | 2019-04-25T05:57:08Z | https://suzieqq.wordpress.com/tag/deepwater-horizon/ | Porn | News | 0.554928 |
wordpress | « Hoxton Robbings and Roofs.
This is just to let you know that A Hoxton Childhood has been republished by Blinding Books and we’re launching the book at Broadway Bookshop in Hackney on Wednesday 9th October at 7pm.
The author was my great-uncle and it’s a family publication to air his brilliant memoir now that the centenary of WW1 is approaching. It’s a sobering read, as you know, but I think most people, and especially children, can take a lot from reading how things were only a hundred years ago.
What happens when Dad’s a calamitous boozer and spends all his money down the pub, when Mum has five other children and spends most her free-time on a sewing machine making clothes to pay the rent, when you don’t know where you’ll be living from one day to the next, when bombs are raining down and disease is everywhere, and when you come out of school, chances are you’ll have to go out scrounging to earn your next meal?
A S Jasper answers all these questions and more with animated gusto in A Hoxton Childhood (144 pp., rrp. £5.99), a thin volume of memoirs depicting life in a London slum during the First World War, seen through the eyes of a child. Jasper won an Arts Council award for this, his first literary work, for which many critics chose to elect him ‘the East End’s first native voice’.
A Hoxton Childhood was widely reviewed by national newspapers and hailed as the best working-class story since The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists. Jasper’s dry-voiced, open-eyed account allows the reader direct access into the unbelievable poverty the East End endured a century ago. He knew very well that a harder, more visceral tone would have left readers with the same sense of apathetic indifference to the undeniable injustice as that shown by the upper- and middle-class of the time.
25% of all profits from this 14th impresson of A Hoxton Childhood to go to Railway Children, a charity that specialises in helping runaways and street children in the UK, India and East Africa. | 2019-04-25T06:27:56Z | https://fromdisctilldawn.wordpress.com/2013/05/13/sunday-swoon-may-12th-2013/ | Porn | Arts | 0.651206 |
wordpress | Let Me Wash Your Feet!
“I’d be happy to do just that, my Lord! With love, I want to find some feet to wash.
the cermony of washing the feet of the poor, especially commemorating Jesus’ wahing of the disciples’ feet.
Happy Maundy Thursday, my friends.
It’s the day Jesus washed the disciples’ feet.
It’s the evening of the Last Supper.
It’s the night Judas betrayed Jesus with a kiss.
It’s the night Jesus was arrested.
I’m gonna wash that kiss right offa them!
What does Jesus mean when He mandates us to wash one another’s feet?
Is it symbolic of some other kind of cleansing?
Or does He really mean for us to wash feet?
betrayed Jesus with a kiss?
Today I am reflecting on the beautiful people in my life. I am thanking God for those loving, sincere, caring, sharing people He has put into my path. I could fill this page with their names and pictures! But, I won’t.
I will put their faces up to God and ask Him to BEE with each one of them. Give them health and strength and guard their paths. He knows each of their needs better than I do!
Who are those beautiful people God has put into your life? Take a minute to bring each of their faces up to the Lord, and thank Him. What a gift they are!
I do not take for granted YOU… You beautiful people who take the time to read and to respond to my daily on-line life. I’m on the 182nd consecutive day of making this place a part of my daily routine. I like starting my morning with an inspirational thought that I can share with you.
Although I am not “all about numbers” – and the stats are not what guide me, I am grateful for each of the 450+ people who pressed “Follow” on JanBeek – and especially for those of you who take time to leave a comment. It helps me know I am not just blowin’ in the wind!
I enjoy seeing what you have created, too. Some of us do not have the kind of blog that will attract thousands (what would we do to monitor that anyway?), but we know the folks who do visit us regularly are people who care. You are like-minded people who also have “Inspire Others to Live a Better, more Loving Life” as one of your goals.
You do inspire me to keep sharing sincere love, to keep on caring, and to keep on encouraging. You are a blessing!
A path on which our sinful debts were paid.
A deed you’d like to see undone.
Lay those sins upon God’s Son.
His earthly purpose – that’s a fact.
He willingly trudged Golgotha’s Hill.
Today Holy Week is beginning.
Receive its message. Heed and listen.
and as usual, I took notes in poetry.
Are not the acts that really matter.
Between Christ’s commitment and our chatter.
But their focus soon returned home.
They forgot Jesus, abandoned Him without a cry.
Commitment is a hard road to tred.
It requires we stay when we’re through.
Stay beyond the time we think we’re done.
Tenacity’s hard for me and you.
For the One who never left us.
He is there through our joy and in our gloom.
Christ gave His all on Golgotha Hill.
He died for us, for our salvation.
Live the pain, know the cost, delay elation.
Our faith voyage leads through Jerusalem.
We must walk the way of the cross.
Suffer the insults, and know the loss.
My Church, ” Jesus declared.
Peter must have been thrilled.
My husband calls me Rocki.
It’s not cuz I’m a rock!
I used to disappear before he could talk!
And acknowledged what he’d stated.
I nhabits & Inspires me!
What’s your most useful asset?
Could it be your looks?
Might it be something you own?
How’d your heart respond to that?
Ear and hand – ready?
See yourself opening doors to joy, peace, healing, prosperity, and love.
Doors to understanding, compassion, and forgiveness.
Crack the door open and welcome the world! | 2019-04-20T12:30:38Z | https://janbeek.wordpress.com/tag/relationships/ | Porn | News | 0.09228 |
wikipedia | This article is about Sir William Gladstone. He is not to be confused with William Ewart Gladstone.
Sir Erskine William Gladstone of Fasque and Balfour, 7th Baronet, KG, JP, DL (29 October 1925 – 29 March 2018) was a teacher and an officer in the Royal Navy. He was Chief Scout of the United Kingdom from 1972 to 1982.
Gladstone was the son of Sir Charles Gladstone and Isla Margaret Gladstone (née Crum), and a great-grandson of the former prime minister, William Ewart Gladstone. He was educated at Eton, and joined the Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve in 1943 and saw action in World War II mainly based on destroyers in the Indian Ocean. Upon leaving the navy (with the rank of lieutenant), he received an honours degree in history at Christ Church, Oxford. He then entered the teaching profession, with positions at Shrewsbury and Eton, and he became head master of Lancing in 1961. He retired from the teaching profession in 1969.
He married Rosamund Anne Hambro (born 1939) on 10 September 1962. They had three children: Charles Angus Gladstone (born 1964), Victoria Frances Gladstone (born 1967), and Robert Nicolas Gladstone (born 1968).
At the death of his father in 1968, he became the 7th Gladstone Baronet. He was made a Knight of the Garter in 1999. He was Lord Lieutenant of Clwyd from 1985 to 2000.
His residence was Hawarden Castle in Flintshire, Wales.
He died on 29 March 2018 at the age of 92.
^ "Sir Cecil Walter Hardy Beaton". The Peerage.
^ "Nancy Elizabeth Louise Hardy Beaton". The Peerage.
^ "No. 55466". The London Gazette. 23 April 1999. p. 4575.
^ Sir Erskine William Gladstone of Fasque and Balfour, 7th Bt.
^ "Meet the Chiefs" (PDF). The Scout Information Centre. October 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 31 October 2007. Retrieved 8 December 2007.
^ "Gladstone, of Fasque and Balfour, Kincardineshire". Cracroft's Peerage.
This Scouting or Guiding article about a person is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
This page was last edited on 18 April 2019, at 15:05 (UTC). | 2019-04-22T00:43:14Z | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sir_William_Gladstone,_7th_Baronet | Porn | Reference | 0.350922 |
wordpress | I got up and out of the house early this morning to venture across the Hudson River to The Farm at Stony Point Center. Will Summers had invited me to be a part of the faith in farming podcast which he and Amirah AbuLughod produce about the joy they share in working the farm. Since Amirah had gone to Palestine last fall to participate in the olive harvest, and I have just returned from cycling and hiking in the West Bank and Galilee, the idea was for Amirah and I to simply share stories and experiences of the land with one another.
This is my first ever podcast, and I’m not sure I made much sense. I know I could’ve said everything I said better, and there are stories I should have told instead of the ones I did. But it was a lot of fun having a pre-breakfast chat with Amirah about the complexities of traveling in this land so often called ‘holy’ where the land itself is struggled over and suffers like a child in an ugly divorce.
After breakfast with Sarah, Will, and Leland, I travelled four miles north to the trailhead of the Dunderberg Spiral Railway. This was intended to be a novel tourist site with small cars pulled up the mountain by a stationary steam engine at the top and then allowed to coast down the mountain along switchbacks, much like a slow roller coaster. It never happened, though the grading provides for sections of relatively easy climbing and the remnants of tunnels intended for the project are impressive. Still, this is a strenuous seven-mile climb to the summits of both Bald Mountain and Dunderberg Mountain. The views of The River, as far south as Manhattan and north through the Highlands, are breathtaking.
Finally, the collect for midday prayer on Thursdays in the new Book of Common Worship is addressed to the “Great God of light,” whose ‘love is new every morning’ and who ‘all day long is working good in the world.’ I am now companioned by this prayer on my Sabbath Days. Hiking the ridge along Dunderberg Mountain, this is what I found EVERYWHERE. I have posted a great video of the dance of light in these ferns, but the lively presence of light was at play everywhere. | 2019-04-19T15:04:09Z | https://revgeary.wordpress.com/2018/06/14/sabbath-day-the-spiral-railway/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.849326 |
wordpress | I finally got our Christmas decorations from the porch taken down today! Well, mostly–I still need to get up on the step ladder and take down the icicle lights–the staples go in so hard that it takes a pair of pliers to pry them out!
Part of the reason it’s taken this long to get this job done is that I went away for two weeks earlier this month, during the time when “normal” people take their decorations down. Part of it is that I deliberately chose not to take them down the day after Christmas, as so many people seem to do nowadays. We have forgotten that the “12 days of Christmas” BEGIN with Christmas day, and end at Epiphany. Hence, we have always kept our decorations up and lit during the 12 days. Actually, Kelly chose to keep the porch lights on until sometime late last week, because she liked them, and they cheered her up. I say, good for her.
Looking at my calendar yesterday, I realized that we are just four weeks away from Ash Wednesday, the beginning of Lent. “Wow,” I said, “it seems like we just recovered from Christmas, and it’s time to start again.” But that’s the joy and the challenge of the Christian year–we move by a rhythm of fasts and feasts, of preparation and celebration. While it is good to “keep Christmas in your heart” all year long, it is also good to be reminded that Jesus’ work on earth didn’t stop with his being born in Bethlehem. He grew up (though we know frustratingly little about his childhood and adolescence), taught his people how to love, healed the sick, raised the dead, challenged the powers that were, was crucified, died, and rose again. And, through the power of the Holy Spirit, he lives today in the body of Christ, his people the Church.
So, though I am sad to see an end to the Christmas lights for another year, I am glad that we are preparing to enter another season of waiting and watching and preparing ourselves for the coming of the King. For it is in the preparation and the journeying and the pilgrimage that we ultimately find ourselves again, and in so doing, we find God.
This entry was posted in Christianity, Reflections on the Church Year, The Church. | 2019-04-22T01:59:33Z | https://shallbewell.wordpress.com/2012/01/24/taking-down-the-porch-decorations/ | Porn | Home | 0.867364 |
google | A cannula comprises a proximal instrument insertion portion (951) having a seal (952) for sealingly engaging with an instrument shaft (955), and a distal tubular portion (950) defining an access channel for extension of the instrument (955) therethrough. The proximal portion (951) is movably coupled to the distal portion (950) to facilitate relative movement between the proximal portion (951) and the distal portion (950) to accommodate lateral movement of the instrument (955) passing therethrough whilst maintaining sealing engagement between the seal (952) and the instrument shaft (955).
MXPA06001219A MXPA06001219A (en) 2003-07-30 2004-07-30 A device. | 2019-04-19T09:17:49Z | https://patents.google.com/patent/MXPA06001219A/en | Porn | Science | 0.403284 |
wordpress | Enlarged Board of Appeal: this decides points of law referred to it by Boards of Appeal and gives opinions on points of law referred to it by the President of the EPO.
English, French and German are the official languages of the EPO and patent applications have to be filed in one of those languages. Applications may be filed in other languages provided they are translated into one of the official languages. | 2019-04-25T17:50:37Z | https://niptech.wordpress.com/intellectual-property/institutions/patent-offices/european-patent-office/ | Porn | Reference | 0.664388 |
wordpress | I traveled to Atlanta, Georgia last week for two days of classes at Faith Flowers School & Studio. Laura Iarocci and Victoria Denson are the owners of the Design Studio and Flower School. Below is a picture of the Faith Flowers. Laura just recently moved into this space and it’s absolutely charming!
I’m not even sure where to start in describing my experience in Atlanta except to say that it was exceptional. These classes were exactly what I have been looking for and were worth every single penny I spent! They really were affordable considering all the information, ideas, and hands-on experience we received from our instructor.
Gudrun Cottenier was our instructor for both days and she flew in from Belgium just for these classes. Gudrun owns the largest and oldest private flower school in Belgium, De Groene Verbeelding Bloemschikschool, and she is an expert when it comes to European Floral Design. She has authored two books, works for a Belgian Food & Flower Magazine, is the first and only female on the Flower Board for the country of Belgium, is a mother, and just simply a lovely person!
We started the day off with Gudrun demonstrating idea after idea of how to implement her philosophy of using “what we have” and “what we find in nature”. She showed us idea after idea of designs we can create using items like coke cans, bark, leaves, recycled bicycle innertubes, branches, logs, etc. I was astounded with what she created from these everyday things. She was kind & patient and took time to give each of us advice and show where we could improve our pieces. She knew just where to put an extra berry or stem of greenery to complete an arrangement and fill in our holes. I loved watching her work!
Here is just a sampling of the ideas she showed us.
1. Gudrun’s idea of recycling coke cans.
Gudrun used a coke can and pieces of bark to create a beautiful vase.
Gudrun filled the bark vase with roses, cottage yarrow, and pepper berries.
This was the finished product. Can’t you just imagine 5 or 7 of these arrangements lined up down a table to create a gorgeous centerpiece?!!
The pictures just don’t do this creation justice. It’s 3 1/2 – 4 feet long. It was beautiful, innovative & fresh!
3. Gudrun recycles items (like toilet paper rolls) and creates napkin rings out of them.
Gudrun created a napkin ring out of a toilet paper roll, leaves, a little scrap of wire, and a few berries. This isn’t the best picture but you get the idea. She uses everything and makes the most beautiful things out of nothing!
We went through PILES of leaves before we were finished.
Here are the finished leaf garlands. They took me about three hours to complete. We were all “leafed” out by the time these were finished. It goes much faster though once you get the hang of it. Gudrun knew these were time intensive but wanted us to have something that lasted after the flowers had faded. They are sturdy and will last forever!
We designed three low, compact arrangements using Garden roses, spray roses, rosehip, coppertina leaves, pepper berries, holly berries, and chrysanthemums. The arangements were gorgeous!!! Here are a few picture of my finished designs.
Below is a picture of our entire design class along with Gudrun & Laura, as well as their table design showcasing the arrangements we designed that day. I love how full everything is yet it’s low enough to carry on a conversation with other people without blocking everybody’s views.
Gudrun created a napkin ring out of a leaf garland. Do you see a pattern here? She emphasized repetition throughout your arrangements to tie everything together.
Gudrun and Anna with my finished designs.
I think this is one of my favorites. What do you think?
Coming soon, European Christmas Designs with Gudrun Cottenier.
Thanks Annie! I learned a TON.
Looks like you found your Flower Artist Soul Mate! Lovely, lovely work, very nice…thankful the LORD worked it out for you.
I was lucky to have seen them in person … BEAUTIFUL work! | 2019-04-20T14:48:38Z | https://myurbanpetals.wordpress.com/2012/10/29/european-table-design-with-gudrun-cottonier/ | Porn | Society | 0.07668 |
wikipedia | Sapium sect. Triadica (Loureiro) Müller Argoviensis.
Triadica is a plant genus of the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1790. It is native to eastern southeastern, and southern Asia.
^ a b Flora of China Vol. 11 Page 284 乌桕属 wu jiu shu Triadica Loureiro, Fl. Cochinch. 2: 598, 610. 1790.
This page was last edited on 21 January 2019, at 18:10 (UTC). | 2019-04-20T19:30:59Z | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Triadica | Porn | Reference | 0.840279 |
wordpress | This post sounds about right to me. Personally, I found myself nodding my head in agreement while reading this. Fellow expatriates, take a look. Do you identify with the original post, or was yours a different experience? Feel free to comment & share.
Side note: This post somewhat ties in to the next post that I’ve already drafted (and briefly mentioned in my Weekly Photo Challenge: From Above post). Please stay tuned.
The reality is (I promised myself I wouldn’t use the phrase “In this economy”) a lot of people have to relocate in order to achieve their desired career/lifestyle/lack-of-total-poverty. This is as frightening as it is exciting. Yes, a change of scenery can be refreshing and can totally alter one’s perspective and approach to life, but it can also make one feel alienated, vulnerable, and generally #dark.
There are some very real stages of acceptance in the transition between cities/lives. I’ve recently gone through this myself, having relocated from Montreal to New York City, but so far so good.
Keep these grounding mantras in mind and you might get through it all right. Not like, “everything works out like it does in the movies” all right so much as “avoiding a panic attack and/or emotional meltdown” all right. | 2019-04-20T16:31:54Z | https://spinsterscompass.wordpress.com/tag/countries/ | Porn | Reference | 0.251832 |
wordpress | I had my fair share of luck when it came to roommates in college. Friends of mine were not so fortunate, especially my buddy Jared. Freshmen year he roomed with a kid affectionately known as Ninja Bill. Bill did not actually possess a black belt except for the dress belt he purchased at JcPenny’s for the one actual date he went on while at college.
The nickname came from a night where both Jared and Bill were locked out of their 4th floor dorm room. While we waited outside the door for the Resident Assistant to let us in Bill suddenly disappeared. When the RA opened the door, we were shocked to see Bill relaxing in his bunk bed. We determined the only possible way he could have made it into the room was using secret ninja skills to scale the building and open the window.
Unfortunately, this was the only spectacular thing Bill did his entire freshmen year. Unless of course you count the fact that he was “that” kid who always wore shorts no matter what temperature it was or how many of inches of snow were on the ground. What made Bill a horrible roommate was his tendency to go straight to bed after getting all stinky and sweaty while playing basketball. Showers were few and far between for the Ninja. No matter how many bottles of Febreze Jared went through the stench covered every inch of the room. To put the funk in perspective, half way through the year we moved dorm buildings and within a few hours the stench had consumed their new room. Jared had to figure out a way to deal with the Ninja and all his issues.
What do colleges do with those roommate questionnaires anyway? I am convinced the Student Affairs department plays something akin to 52-card pickup by throwing all the questionnaires in the air and letting the ‘cards fall where they may.’ If a file happens to land on another then those two poor unsuspecting students were meant to be together. You cannot honestly tell me that some administrator feels the home schooled girl who leads a such a sheltered life she makes members of the Amish appear hip would be a perfect fit for the Goth chick who frightens Marilyn Manson. Where is the logic in thinking that the farm boy from Middle America and the kid straight out of the hard inner city streets would get along like peas and carrots? It’s as if the Student Affairs department serves as a part time job for the producers of the Real World. They are simply creating drama for drama sake.
When it comes to college roommates, conflict is almost inevitable. Unless in the future you are able to head off to university and room with your clone, there will be differences that you have to work through so you are not dividing the room in half with duct tape.
In a lot of ways, marriage can be similar to adjusting to having a college roommate. If opposites do attract then it means a wealth of issues you are going to have to confront. How do you deal with differences in personal preferences, rituals, habits and taste? A wife can fall into the toilet only a few times before she goes ballistic about her hubby not putting the toilet seat down. Don’t even get her started on why it is so difficult for the hubby to “aim.” What about the husband who is always on time being married to the wife who moves through life on her own schedule? For most issues, over time you adjust or compromise with your significant other so peace will rule the household.
At night is when I am most confronted with the fact that God has a great sense of humor. This is where the differences between Jenn and I come to a head. Faithful readers know all to well about my attachment to Lumpy, my body pillow. I am the quintessential night owl where Jenn can be out like a light before the sun sets. She needs absolute silence while I cannot sleep without sports talk radio playing in the background. I like to crack the window when it is snowing while Jenn wraps herself up in a cocoon of blankets in the middle of summer. Putting her needs first means a drastic lack of shuteyes coming my way. Loving Jenn this month very well means I am going to be a walking zombie with bloodshot eyes. Insomnia for the next 30 days means true love.
God is everywhere at every time, and in every situation, but I wonder if He takes the Grammys off. After all, can you blame the person who has the entire world in the palm of His hands for wanting a little R&R? After putting extra time in trying to solve the world’s economic crisis, tonight of all nights seems best for the Big Guy Upstairs to relax in the recliner and finally finish up that Sudoku puzzle.
This time off has nothing to do with having to endure the torture that is the Miley Cyrus and Taylor Swift duet, even though that would be reason enough for me. He has endured worse pain than Jason Mraz having to grit his teeth as he introduced the teen pop mega group Jonas Brothers so that isn’t it either. Only the bearer of all wisdom would understand why Coldplay is considered the best “rock” band in all the land when they play on the same easy listening radio station you hear in a dentist office.
No event has God second-guessing His decision to give human beings free will more than Grammy night. Whenever God sees Kid Rock, T-Pain or Lil’ Wayne heading towards the stage, He gets a little antsy as He wonders if He will be given “mad props” for them taking home an award tonight.
The cringe factor these shout outs to God induce is too much for Him to bear. I wonder how much God enjoys having His name attached to the lifestyle of the gangster rapper or strung out guitarist. At least to me, it doesn’t seem Cristal and Christ would go together. I can picture God crossing His fingers hoping the artist only gets to thank their parents, agent and recording company before the shows producers cut them off to make sure they have enough time just in case Kanye West throws another hissy fit.
Yet, I wonder if God winces just as hard every time He hears me talk about God being the center of my marriage. Many Christians, throw out the term ‘godly marriage’ when their relationship resembles more Jerry Springer than Jesus Christ. I might be way off, but isn’t this giving God the same type of lip service many of our pop culture icons do when they thank their Lord and Savior?
This month’s focus is all about falling in love with my wife all over again. Being a Christian and adding the whole reflecting God’s image talk into the equation raises the bar to a whole other level. The standard for love no longer becomes improving my listening skills, cleaning up after myself or being interested in the things Jenn loves to do, even though those are good habits to instill in myself. Displaying virtues likes patience, forgiveness, gentleness and self-control always need my attention, but these are more byproducts then targets. | 2019-04-25T10:30:35Z | https://30tocure30.wordpress.com/tag/relationships/ | Porn | Kids | 0.280325 |
livejournal | Author’s Note: Not my characters, only my words. Written for spn_bunker “On The Road” comment meme. My first attempt at a drabble ever! Thank you for the beautiful banner, milly_gal!
“You ever think about it Dean?” Sam asked, maneuvering his sock-clad feet onto the dashboard.
“That we’ve spent so much of our life about two feet apart.” Sam gestured at the space between them on the Impala’s front seat. | 2019-04-23T20:46:51Z | https://smalltrolven.livejournal.com/54309.html?thread=441637 | Porn | Reference | 0.50727 |
wordpress | Sir Jeffry was born Wyatt but he changed his name in 1824. He was trained by his uncles, Samuel and James. Wyatville is remembered for making alterations and extensions to Chatsworth House and Windsor Castle.
His largest commission was the remodeling of Windsor Castle which began in 1824 and which Parliament voted £300,000. It actually would run to over a million. (1/4 for the furnishings) Wyattville won over Robert Smirke, John Nash & John Soane for the work. King George laid the first foundation stone at the George IV gateway. Wyattville lived on site in the Winchester Tower while the construction continued and then for the rest of his life. He was knighted in 1828 and buried in Windsor. | 2019-04-19T04:04:11Z | https://thethingsthatcatchmyeye.wordpress.com/2013/03/02/regency-personalities-series-jeffry-wyattville/ | Porn | Business | 0.661359 |
wordpress | This is the video showing how much fun you can have in Sharm el Shiekh, Red Sea, Egypt.
These are the most amazing 15 pictures you won’t believe they are shot in Egypt.. We LOVE Egypt, that’s why we live here.
15 pictures you won’t believe they are shot in Egypt. | 2019-04-24T11:08:22Z | https://olaslizankiewicz.wordpress.com/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.889699 |
wordpress | We’ve got two open hikes planned for February. The first is to Snow Mountain on the 10th-12th and the second is to Dabajianshan on the 25th-27th. February 27/28th are both holidays and so we’ve got a 4 day weekend then.
Snow Mountain is Taiwan’s second highest peak and a great climb. Some amazing scenery!
Dabajianshan is probably Taiwan’s most distinctive mountain. Look on the back of a $500NT note, that’s the one! It’s a great 3 day hike to this huge mountain and back.
If you’re interested in joining us on either hike or on some gentler day trips around Taipei, then join the facebook group, Taiwan Adventures – Group Hikes.
I will be in Taiwan at the beginning of March. I would like to take some day hikes with other people beginning March 11 or so. I only speak English and will not have access to a car. I will be staying in Taipei. If anyone would like to point me to some organized or group hikes or would like to join me, I would appreciate that.
Can you tell me what food you provide on your guided trips? I often take mashed potato powder, instant rice (locally made) and instant meals (Mountain House brand from the U.S. which I bought in the U.S.). I supplement them with boil in the bag sauces or curries, crackers and tinned fish. For trips longer than three days, the main priority is weight and I’ve hiked comfortably up to ten days using the above. Still, it’s always good to hear other ideas although I find a lot of locals really bulk up on heavy food items.
Fairly similar to yourself. We take a lot of quick cooking spaghetti, boil in a bag, noodles, spaghetti sauces, crackers, trail bars, porridge, chocolate, jam, bagels. Sometimes we’ll take fresh veggies and make a hotpot, but that depends on availability of water and the distance we need to carry the stuff. We’re hoping in the future to get porters to do some of the cooking.
Sorry it’s taken a while to reply to you. Neil Wade, one of the partners at Taiwan Adventures, will send you an email soon.
The more photos I look at on your website, the more I want to go to Taiwan. That photo of the sunrise taken from Snow Mountain, with you standing over the clouds, wow!
Hey, my friend and I are about to visit Taiwan on March.Our trip starts in Taipei, and after that we want to do some hikes (we have about 3 weeks in Taiwan). We won’t have access to a car, and we speak English only.
I started planning our trip, and I feel a little lost. Can you recommend us overnight and day trips that can be accessed by public transportation?
We are both in good shape, but we are not professional hikers. | 2019-04-18T16:15:48Z | https://hikingtaiwan.wordpress.com/2012/01/05/some-upcoming-hikes/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.853096 |
wordpress | Loosely based on the Little Mermaid! Pearl tiara at base. Headband is a metallic green scale pattern. Red bow with large pearl in center pops against the bright sparky blue ears! Stop the ears is an outline of silvery twisted rope.
Black & White Mickey Design features chrome beading on top. White bow with Mickey silhouette in middle. The top pic looks pink but is actually white. Super plushy design.
Extra Plushy ears featuring Cinderella and Snow White surrounded by regal frames and beautifully written cursive sentences. Ears are outlined with silver rope and at the bottom, white pearls. the Royal Blue Bow in the middle has a decoration of three white pearls. Band is a simple blue fabric with gray underside. Perfect for the Magic Kingdom!
All bands are handmade by Blooms & Beautifuls and are not for sale. They are our personal collection. | 2019-04-21T18:48:22Z | https://bloomsandbeautifuls.wordpress.com/bbboutique/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.423587 |
wordpress | A lot of people do not understand The Blood of Jesus. As a matter of fact, I didn’t myself for a long time. There is much to know. In fact, many of the people who do understand the Blood and have often seen firsthand the power of The Blood have often been ridiculed. Even the body of Christ; though not outwardly ridiculing spiritual leaders have sat back quietly and not defended them.
It’s sad that we live in a world where it’s more popular to put someone down rather than to build them up. That’s amazing.
I began to hear testimonies from people who talked about the power of the Blood of Jesus some years ago; but the bible says faith comes by hearing and hearing by the Word of God. So, the more I heard this and read this about the power of the Blood of Jesus; the greater my faith became in that area.
All at the same time. the devil began to take a stand. He decided to come against me in one of my weakest areas. After a brain tumor was removed from my head; I had been tormented with headaches of major intensity for some time. The devil used many opportunities to revisit them on me. How do I know it was Satan? I’m glad you asked. The headaches only came when I was going to church or on a mission for God. Many time, I spoke to the headache and demanded it to go away in which it did slowly. However, it generally increased in intensity and I would be greatly tormented before the headache left me. This is so.
I began to lay hands on myself and that stopped them but the headache always came back within 48 hours to a week worse than ever.
Then I began to apply the Blood of Jesus. That gave me the Victory!
It wasn’t until I began to envision the Blood of Jesus pouring all over me and began to plead it over my bed that the headaches totally went away. It took me a while to realize that. What a Victory! | 2019-04-21T00:11:06Z | https://thebloodofjesus.wordpress.com/category/my-faith-was-built-up-on-the-blood-of-jesus/ | Porn | Society | 0.587475 |
yahoo | VATICAN CITY (Reuters) - Father Ernest Simoni, a 88-year-old Albanian, was watching Pope Francis on television this month when, to his astonishment, he heard the pontiff mention his name.
Francis announced that the simple, white-haired Roman Catholic priest, who had spent many years in jail during Albania's communist dictatorship, was to become a cardinal.
It was the first that Simoni, or any of the other 16 new cardinals named by Francis at the same time, had heard of their elevation to the prestigious rank.
"I did not believe either my ears or eyes," Simoni told Reuters in Albania. "The pope said it, but I could not believe it. 'Can he be talking about another Ernest?' I said to myself."
But more significantly, the pope had also kept nearly the entire Vatican hierarchy in the dark about his decision, which he announced on Oct. 9 to thousands of pilgrims.
The episode illustrates how Francis has used his own distinct management style to try to shake up the Church since his election in 2013. He is keeping his cards close to his chest as he tries to push through a progressive agenda to make the Church more welcoming in the face of conservative opposition.
Interviews with a dozen current and past Vatican officials and aides paint a portrait of Pope Francis, a Jesuit who turns 80 in December, as eschewing filters between him and the outside world. He carries his own black briefcase, keeps his own agenda, and makes many of his own calls.
In contrast, his two immediate predecessors, Benedict XVI and John Paul II, worked hand-in-hand with the Vatican bureaucracy, which is known as the curia.
Behind Francis's approach is a clear mandate, received from the worldwide cardinals who elected him in 2013, to overhaul the curia.
Over the decades the Vatican's administration has collected some of the Church's most orthodox officials, partly because of the lieutenants that Francis's two highly-conservative predecessors called to their entourages in Rome.
As a result, Francis believes that only by reducing the power of the curia – including surprising it on some decisions - can the 1.2 billion-member Church embrace those who have felt marginalized, such as gays and the divorced.
The approach has scored Francis some victories, such as bypassing conservative bishops to streamline the procedures by which Catholics can obtain marriage annulments.
There have also been setbacks, such as putting too much power in one cardinal's hands to resolve financial problems and later having to rein him in.
Some internal critics say he relies too much on snap judgments and others have urged greater transparency. They say his decisions to set up new structures, such as an economy ministry and an external advisory council of eight cardinals from around the world, were divisive and that he could have enacted change by putting new people at the top of existing departments.
One of the most striking differences between Francis and his two predecessors is that it is virtually impossible to determine who, if anyone, is really close to him.
The personal secretaries of Benedict and John Paul - respectively Georg Ganswein, now an archbishop, and Stanislaw Dziwisz, now a cardinal - were always at their side and became celebrities in their own right, the powerful gate-keepers to get to the pope.
By contrast, few people know the identities of Francis's two priest-secretaries - Father Fabian Pedacchio Leaniz from Argentina and Father Yoannis Lahzi Gaid, an Egyptian. Both have other part-time jobs in the Vatican and do not appear or travel with him.
"He does not want any filters," said a person who knows the pope well. "Sometimes he will tell one of his secretaries 'so-and-so is arriving in a few minutes' and that is the first they hear of it. Sometimes he tells one without telling the other."
This person, like most of the others interviewed for this article, has had direct dealings with Francis and all spoke on condition of anonymity as they were not authorized to talk to the media.
This year, an Argentine visitor told a guard at a Vatican gate that the pope was expecting him. Phone calls had to be made to determine he was not a prankster. The pope had not told anyone he had invited the visitor.
One person close to the pope said he likes to manage this way because it gives him freedom to bypass rigid channels of communication and makes it impossible for anyone to become indispensable, as top aides of previous popes did.
Francis likes to break rules and then change them once the shock has died down. Two weeks after his election, he included women in a liturgical service open only to men. Later, he ordered that the rules be formally changed worldwide.
Pope Benedict's sudden resignation in February 2013 brought to a climax one of the most turbulent periods in modern Vatican history, including the arrest of his butler for leaking documents that exposed corruption and cronyism.
Francis watched from afar as Benedict's papacy unraveled under the weight of successive scandals.
After he was elected, he appointed trusted people to lower or mid-level positions in Vatican departments, where they can be his eyes and ears. For example, Pedacchio, his Argentine secretary, also works in the department that decides who will become bishops.
Monsignor Battista Mario Salvatore Ricca, an Italian who runs the Vatican guest house where the pope lives, was given a position at the Vatican bank as the link man between a supervisory commission of cardinals and the board of directors.
"He is sometimes like the leader who says 'I don't care what the generals say, I will tell Lieutenant so-and-so to take that hill'," said a source, adding that the pope enjoyed rattling an inefficient bureaucracy with what the source described as "joyful destruction".
Several of those interviewed said Francis puts much stock in his immediate gut feelings about people. When he takes a liking to someone he can become blind to their faults and when he does not, it is hard to reverse that first impression, they said.
Francis was impressed by Cardinal George Pell of Sydney when he met the Australian in 2013. In meetings cardinals held among themselves before that year's conclave, the former Australian Rules football player stood out not only for his height and broad shoulders but also for his command of financial matters.
Months after his election, Francis, hoping to put an end to Vatican financial scandals, moved Pell to Rome to head a new ministry, the Secretariat for the Economy.
After initially giving him sweeping powers, the pope later significantly trimmed them back when other departments accused Pell of treating them in an overbearing way and of being condescending to the Italian-dominated curia.
Pell's position in the Vatican has also been weakened by allegations of sexual abuse when he was in Australia. Pell denies the allegations and the pope has said he will withhold judgment until an Australian investigation is over.
In another controversial appointment, Francis, acting on a recommendation, named Francesca Chaouqui, a 32-year-old Italian public relations expert, to a commission advising him on reform. On July 8, 2016, a Vatican court convicted her of helping to leak embarrassing internal documents to journalists.
Insiders say the Pell and Chaouqui cases are examples of Francis making decisions too quickly.
Even though his health is good, they say he feels he has little time left and many things still to do; that perhaps explains the hastiness of some of his decisions.
Francis appears to enjoy sending signals that he alone is calling the shots.
When his predecessors spoke to the media on papal flights they were always flanked by the secretary of state or the deputy secretary of state. The stage management suggested that behind the man in white, there stood a centuries-old bureaucracy.
Under Francis, those prelates now stay out of sight in the front section of the plane. | 2019-04-21T22:46:36Z | https://news.yahoo.com/pope-francis-manager-surprising-secretive-shrewd-090040944--finance.html | Porn | News | 0.413053 |
wordpress | Comet Hartley 2, officially known as 103P/Hartley 2 is a small comet that orbits the Sun with a period of 6.46 years. It was discovered by astronomer Malcolm Hartley in 1986 using the Schmidt telescope in Siding Spring Observatory (Australia).
It is estimated that its nucleus has a size between 1200 and 1600 meters, according to recent observations of the Spitzer Space Telescope (August 2008): its albedo, very small, is close to 0.028 as it is covered with very dark carbonaceous bodies probably hydrocarbons. The mass is estimated around 3 × 10 ^ 11 kg.
In its approach to the Sun of 2010 is visible in the constellations of Cassiopeia, Perseus and Auriga, but could be visible to the naked eye in mid-October of that year from places with dark skies: it reaches its minimum distance from our planet on October 20th standing at only 0.12 Astronomical Units. A few days later, on October 28th, passes through the perihelion located a little over 157 million miles from our star.
In their approach the year 2010 this image was obtained through a 6-inch refractor telescope.
Its next step takes place on April 2017. | 2019-04-24T15:51:18Z | https://computerphysicslab.wordpress.com/tag/comet/ | Porn | Science | 0.986851 |
photo | Greetings all and welcome to our new thread. As usual, post all the images you want from your film camera. I'll start with some photos from a roll of Ilford HP5+ that I started last weekend. Camera was Minolta SRT 101 with MD 35-70 f 3.5.
Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel, graham_evans|2 and 11 others like this.
jpalmer57, richard a and andyfalsetta like this.
Some European shots on a Nikon F2 Photomic with Ilford FP4+ 125 and Kodak D-76.
Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel, aleceiffel and 11 others like this.
As promised, some more photos from last Sunday at two small remembrance ceremonies for men of the 51st Highland Divison and a young local boy killed in 1944 and 1945.
Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel, aleceiffel and 8 others like this.
I have to say that it is great encouragement to me that History of Sacrifice to help others is so well represented in the photographs of, and fealty to, those events.
That last photo says it so much better than any words of mine could express.
It reminds me of the expression by the French school children in their adoption of American graves at Normandy.
Additionally, love the “Iowa” tag on the front of the vehicle.
You broaden my world with your talented view of it.
Xícara de Café likes this.
Mount Le Conte, Great Smoky Mountains National Park. Nikon F6, Zeiss Milvus 50/1.4, B+W 040 orange filter, Kodak 400TX.
jpalmer57, andyfalsetta, Julio Fernandez and 7 others like this.
Chimney Tops from below, GSMNP. F6, Milvus 50/1.4, B+W 040, 400TX.
Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel, aleceiffel and 5 others like this.
From Morton Overlook, GSMNP. F6. Zeiss Otus 85/1.4, B+W 022 medium yellow filter, 400TX.
jpalmer57, Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel and 9 others like this.
Chimney Tops from Morton Overlook, GSMNP. F6, Otus 85.1.4, 022, 400TX.
jpalmer57, andyfalsetta, MarcelRomviel and 3 others like this.
US 441 from Newfound Gap. F6, Otus 85/1.4, 022, 400TX.
jpalmer57, Julio Fernandez, MarcelRomviel and 4 others like this.
The wonderful Tiltall tripod was invented by the sons of the inventor of the ice cream cone. You could read about its history here. I bought mine new in 1969.
Julio Fernandez, Tony Evans, aleceiffel and 6 others like this.
Correction. Today's photos were on Kodak 100TMX and not 400TX.
Julio Fernandez, aleceiffel, Xícara de Café and 2 others like this.
Julio Fernandez, stuart_pratt, MarcelRomviel and 9 others like this.
Nice shot of the river boats on the Amazon.
Also, liked the shot of US 441 looking down from Newfound Gap - in addition to the fog on the country road somewhere between Pheba and Cedarbluff.
That first shot is especially noteworthy. Thanks! | 2019-04-24T12:51:10Z | https://www.photo.net/discuss/threads/film-camera-week-for-november-9.5511877/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.272543 |
wordpress | Have you ever tried to paint your nails in a moving vehicle in Lagos? I’m sure you know how frustrating it can get if that vehicle is actually a rickety yellow cab with no air conditioning, floor caked with brown dust from outside and all the winders for the windows gone. While sitting behind, the driver has stopped paying any attention to your hisses, your ‘oooohs’ and your ‘aaaahs’. As he is driving, you are clutching the bottle of nail polish with both your thighs, and holding the brush with your right hand. If you are lucky you would be wearing a trouser to work on that day, preferably jeans since the fabric would have a stronger hold on the bottle when the road gets tough. However, if you are one of the unlucky female commuters painting her nails on Lagos roads as you try to rush to work, you would be wearing a skirt on that day and your thighs won’t be able to clutch the bottle. The bottle would slip away from your sweaty thighs as Lagos is hot in the mornings too, and it would spill to the floor splashing all its contents on your feet.
You’d have to hold yourself from cursing the nonchalant driver who is maneuvering the traffic, turning the steering in whatever way he chooses to boycott the long road queue arising from the annoying pot holes that keep you jumping in your seat. Sometimes, he drives so fast and then comes to an abrupt stop because he didn’t pay any attention to a speed bump or even a traffic light. Often times he speeds past the cracks in the road and even the oasis of water gathering in the pot holes when the rain falls. At such times, the water goes right unto your face, even in your hair, but he is busy quarrelling with the danfo driver who is chooking his head in front of your vehicle so how can the driver have time to see that his road recklessness is making you get to work dirty and smelly?
O! You try not being angry and salvaging whatever is left of the liquid. You don’t have a nail polish remover or cotton wool so you psyche yourself to forget about the red stains on your palm. You continue to paint using your right hand to paint your left hand. When painting the little finger the car starts to jerk, by the time you get to your middle finger, the breeze from the racing vehicle combined with the heat from the abrupt stop by the LASTMA official, completely destabilizes you. You try to continue with your index finger but the swift turns by the driver and the careless punching of the breaks at the slightest opportunity when he gets really close to another bumper, makes you paint parts of your finger as well as your nail. You stop, and then look up at him and out of the window. You wait for a while and then, just when you think there are no more pot holes on Ikorodu road, you pick your brush and try to paint your thumb. But there is a pot hole, in fact plenty! You raise your right bum, press your back to the seat, hold your head a little lower and squeeze your legs tight with the bottle so that it doesn’t spill again. You wish that he would give you a warning when he approached a road bend, speed bump or even a pot hole but he doesn’t. Then you start to blame the government. Small time you will start blaming Fashola; but after a while, you just console yourself with the fact that it would be better if you were seating in a Prado Jeep. But is it really different painting your nails while commuting on Lagos roads in a Prado Jeep? | 2019-04-25T11:56:47Z | https://solqushorts.wordpress.com/2011/12/08/modern-lit-red-roads-and-lagos/ | Porn | Health | 0.299363 |
wordpress | Hi my name is Jaclyn. I am the owner of the beautiful homestead Raeburn set in picturesque countryside over three hours from the city. My husband Bill passed away 10 years ago, and now I spend most of my weekdays in the garden, or exercising Bill’s former polo mares. With my weekends being spent in the company of Sally, my 32 year old lesbian daughter, and her tempestuous girlfriend Mel. I will tell you about the relationship I have with Mel later, that’s for another day.
Today I want to tell you the story of a visit by an unknown stranger, the handsome Mitch.
what are these mares ridden for?
Would he be interested in someone like me?
open saddle or stock saddle?
Are you happy here Jaclyn?
Do you need to leave tonight Mitch? | 2019-04-19T13:02:08Z | https://sashaholden1.wordpress.com/2017/10/ | Porn | Home | 0.558463 |
wordpress | I don’t really read a lot of comics, but I’ve been to Free Comic Book Day at Fully Booked for 4 years now. Yes, this was my 4th year. My brother said I should be graduating already. 😛 I went with my 3 brothers. There’s a small Fully Booked branch in my area, but our branch of choice during this event has always been the one at Bonifacio High Street. It’s Fully Booked’s main branch so it has a lot of stocks and it gives away more stuff. But thankfully, Fully Booked has opened up another big store in Alabang so the crowd has somewhat been divided I believe.
We were supposed to leave really early, but none of us were morning people so we left around 7am. We arrived around 7:30am and there was a long line already. I heard that the first person arrived at 5am. The picture below is the one near the store, and I was in line that time and was still far away from the entrance. The line was actually snaking around the area, but it was easy to find the end of the line because there was a security guard holding a sign that said “Line Ends Here.” It was just so hot that I felt sorry for the people who didn’t bring umbrellas. Summer in the Philippines is way too hot. Fully Booked was supposed to open at 10am, but they were really nice this year and opened early. We were able to enter the store before 9am I believe. I think the first ones there got in at 7-8am.
There was a huge selection of comic books and we were allowed to choose 3. I got Teen Titans, Archie, and some other random thing. Since there were 4 of us, we tried to get different ones since we could share them anyway. Apart from the 3 that you can choose, they also gave away a random pack that has 5 more and candy from Made in Candy. Below is a picture of a part of the pile we had. I was too lazy to fix them for a proper picture. 😛 There was actually a lot of stuff going on that day. There were local comic book artists, free drinks, raffles and whatnot. There were also a couple of people who went in costume. I wasn’t able to take pictures or see them though because we left early out of fatigue and sleep deprivation. But you can check Fully Booked’s Instagram for more pictures of the event. Oh, I did see Kickass though which was pretty cool.
A part of Free Comic Book Day is the sale for all comic books – graphic novels, manga, cartoons, etc. You can get any at 20-50% off. That’s a pretty good deal that we couldn’t resist buying something. My brothers got superhero comics or whatnot. I didn’t check. But I got myself manga. I got volume 9 and 10 of Hoshi wa Utau or Twinkle Stars by Natsuki Takaya, author of Fruits Basket. I’m one volume away from completing the series so yay. I got the first volume 2 years ago. It was a gift from a really good friend and I HAD to continue the series because I loved it for some reason. It takes really long for the english version to come out and then make its way to my country. That’s why I don’t really collect manga much. I’m contemplating whether I should read all 10 volumes already or wait for the last volume to get here. What should I do? Help?
So that was pretty much it. It was an awesome event so thank you Fully Booked. I just wish I had stayed longer so that I could have seen more or something. Maybe next year.
Oh, and for those interested in going next year, they usually hold it on the first Saturday of May so look out for it or follow Fully Booked on social networks so that you can get updated.
I love free comic book day, I picked up a couple of free ones and bought another. I always forget about it until the last moment. I’ll have to definitely save up money as well so I can buy more comics next year.
Awesome. I hope you got some really good ones. I should definitely save up for events like these too!
I don’t read comic books so I don’t bother. As interesting as it looks like, there’s nothing to get me into it and I don’t want to dig a bigger hole in my pocket. But free comic books sound great, and it’s so nice of them to actually let people get them for free and then have major discounts for everything else. That’s really nice of them. I think the best one to go to would have to be the BGC one because they not only give away 3 comics, but also they have a bigger selection of comics and manga so that’s a great thing.
Lol. They would definitely dig a huge whole in your pocket. You have to pay hundreds just for a few pages. And they come in many volumes! | 2019-04-21T06:43:08Z | https://alwayslostinbooks.wordpress.com/2014/05/04/free-comic-book-day-2014/?share=google-plus-1 | Porn | Shopping | 0.49535 |
wordpress | It’s been a couple of weeks since i last fed, maybe a little longer. Before this, in my last blog, it was a few years. These two weeks have reminded me why i feed and why i need what i do. Sleep seems to be sporadic and spaced out. My headaches become worse and more frequent, not to mention my eating issue. It doesn’t help i already see eating food a waste of time for me, but there are days i wont eat and some i can’t stop eating. Granted, its not healthy and i know this. I do force myself to eat or stop eating to a point. Iv been on top of this but what is really making it all worse is the heat. I am in the east coast and right now (as of this post) its 94 outside, and with my job i work nights for 14 hours. 5pm to 7am for 6 days a week. I feel the heat is making it worse for me more than anything.
At first it seemed easy to shrug it off and ignore it but as time goes on it seems to be harder and harder. Normally when i am fed i can ignore it and not care as my body gets used to the heat and the humidity. (which right now is 80%) This with not feeding has shown why me or anyone else could need it on a more daily to weekly basis. Once i learn Venipuncture it will be easier to feed daily rather then weekly, biweekly or monthly. I always make sure my donor is willing, most of the time she tells me to feed even if i say no so it seems reversed to me. But with the move and my social anxiety spiking it seems hard. I do wish to find one more to help curb the load on her and my need and hope she understands. Who know? maybe someone will come along and offer.
Today was supposed to be the day, the day i was able to taste the sweet crimson eliquor that keeps me going. It was last night that I was walking with my partner to get ready to get what I needed. The next day I get home to relax after working and a couple hours later I get inside the car but it wouldn’t start, not to mention as I look at my other vehicle the tire was flat. At this point I question if today was the right day to do this but then a thought came to mind. I should of been prepared at the start. Its been a while since I have fed and I guess the excitement got to me. In my last blog post it has been a while since I did feed. This was a reminder to always be prepared ahead of time and to never rush something like this again. | 2019-04-19T02:54:36Z | https://thecrimsonperception.wordpress.com/category/daily-journal/ | Porn | Health | 0.797334 |
wordpress | What is the “sound” first impression of your business? When a potential customer calls on the phone, accesses that explainer video on you-tube, or takes your virtual tour, do they hear the quality you want them to feel?
That’s the question for many small businesses, who don’t budget for a professional welcome or on-hold message because they think it doesn’t matter. Is this you?
Does the Voice Over Matter?
Put on your customer hat for a minute. How much does that first impression count for you? Have you ever wanted to hang up on a call because the first voice you heard sounded completely uninterested in you, or – worse – just too annoying to listen to?
What that voice talent did was bust a preconception/misconception about “junkyards” simply by creating a “sound” first impression with his or her delivery that created a totally different image in the customer’s mind. When it came time to do business, the starting point was way higher than it had been before the call.
And that’s why voice talents make the (hopefully) big bucks. Or at least should know their own worth, and the value the right delivery brings to the table. It also means, that there is a lot of work out there to help (yes, we do help!) other small businesses get a leg up on the competition by having that first impression count.
Voice over talents provide a unique service. The right match between talent and business can be at unbeatable marketing tool that helps that real estate office, law firm, beauty salon, or junkyard create a brand that elevates their worth in the customer’s mind.
Whether you are just starting out or a pro who is constantly expanding your client base (aren’t we all?), remember to include other small businesses, often local, who could use your help to create that sound first impression.
Randye’s VO Demos here – yes, including “On the Phone”!
Tomorrow night I teach another session for Edge Studio called “Investigate Voice Over.” We call it the “IVO” – and it’s taught frequently in our New York main studio, our CT and DC studios, in Los Angeles, and also via teleclass.
If you’ve ever wondered about the true path to VoiceOver success, I can’t recommend it highly enough. Got the Voiceover dream? Get the truth! And have fun finding out if this business – and make no mistake, it most certainly is a business -is for you, and if you are ready for it. | 2019-04-18T23:08:54Z | https://randyekayevo.wordpress.com/tag/investigate-voiceover/ | Porn | Business | 0.946856 |
wordpress | Sunday 8th December, Reiss and I ventured to a museum in London called The Horniman Museum and Gardens. We weren’t sure what we were expecting to see but I was delighted by the range and scope of this museum. The gardens include a small petting zoo and an allotment. The Museum itself houses a taxidermy wing, and assortment of curiosities, a music wing, a photography exhibition and an aquarium.
All of the grounds and exhibitions are free to enter except a small fee of £3 per person for the aquarium, for the upkeep of the tanks. We spent around 3/4 hours here and I thoroughly enjoyed it.
My favourite thing in the museum was the jellyfish tank in the aquarium. They were beautiful and mesmerising. | 2019-04-21T04:20:08Z | https://ramblingssofar.wordpress.com/page/2/ | Porn | Arts | 0.928403 |
wordpress | Civic information — building permits, crimes, restaurant inspections and more. In many cases, this information is already on the Web but is buried in hard-to-find government databases. In other cases, this information has never been posted online, and we’ve forged relationships with governments to make it available.
News articles and blog entries — major newspapers, community weeklies, TV and radio news stations, local specialty publications and local blogs. We do the work of classifying articles by geography, so you can easily find the mainstream media coverage near particular locations.
Fun from across the Web — local photos posted to the Flickr photo-sharing site, user reviews of local businesses on Yelp, lost and found postings from Craigslist and more. We figure out the relevant places and point you to location-specific items you might not have known about.
We like to toss around the word “news” to describe all of this, and that might surprise you at first. Isn’t news what appears on the front page of the New York Times? Isn’t news something produced by professional journalists?
Heineken seems to use digital fleet management for a marketing campaign and a mashup game. The Dutch beer brewery shows live the position of their “delivery men”. In a game you can predict the next stop of the trucks. It is a cooperation with the geotagging community bliin.
Via The Mobile City who quote the Dutch blog Bright.
smoke-spots.de is a google maps mashup showing German locations for smokers and was launched a few days ago. It is part of a marketing campaign by Reemtsma, a company of the Imperial Tobacco Group – reacting to the new legal restrictions for smoking in the public.
Same thing for French: “Places to smoke at France” (Google Maps Mania) can be found at oufumer.fr. The credits do not give any hint whether the tobacco industry sponsors the projects.
About: “MizPee finds the closest, cleanest toilets in your area. You can add and review toilets, get some cool deals in your area and challenge your knowledge of toilet trivia”.
A video taken from CBS by datnice@YouTube. | 2019-04-25T06:14:04Z | https://locmedia.wordpress.com/tag/mashup/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.336788 |
wordpress | It’s been quite a crazy start to the week here on Add A Little. How’s it been for you?
Yesterday was pretty cray to the cray to be honest. First of all, I make breakfast and the scariest bug was hanging off a calendar (think moth crossed with daddy long legs). I have a phobia of bugs so I was a bit like ASDFGHJKL OMFSGFSIDFUH. As well as that, I missed my bus THEN missed my stop on the way to school and overall it was a pretty hectic day!
I hope you can try it out for yourself : the crispy outer layer that encases tender, falling apart salmon! Delicious!
Under 30 minutes for a delicious and healthy weeknight meal to be on the table -what more could you want? Salmon is tender and flaky with a crispy crust! Serve with a good squeeze of lemon and it’s fantastic the next day in a salad.
Salt the salmon liberally and leave on the side for about 10 minutes.
After about 10 minutes, dab the salmon with a tissue to get rid of any excess moisture and add a touch more salt.
Place skin side down in a hot oven for 15 minutes until cooked through, but still tender inside.
*If you want crispy edges, place salmon ‘meat’ side down, rather than the skin, or flip halfway through cooking so it doesn’t stick to the foil.
I wish I liked salmon, but it’s a bit too “fishy” tasting for me. My husband loves it though – and your dish reminded me that I need to make it for him again!
Thanks for commenting! Hope he enjoys it!
We love salmon and we often eat this dish too! So simple, but very delicious especially when we get good salmon. My kids would be happy with miso soup and white rice (and veggies of course… haha). This is light and healthy dish!
Thanks Nami! This is one of my favourite dishes too – so easy and delicious!
How have I never made salmon before???? This looks SO good!!
Girl, you are missing out! You need to try it ASAP – one of my favourite fishes!
Oh I feel like this exactly for lunch today Millie! Is it weird that I have a craving for salmon?
mmm, that forkful of salmon looks soft and perfect! | 2019-04-20T06:54:13Z | https://addalittle.wordpress.com/2014/09/30/salt-grilled-salmon/ | Porn | Health | 0.727289 |
wordpress | This entry was posted on December 29, 2014 at 4:04 pm and is filed under Barack Obama, Conservative Issues, Democrats, fascism, first Jeremiah Wright term, Politics, race, Religion and Culture. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can skip to the end and leave a response. Pinging is currently not allowed.
If I had a father he would look like Al Sharpton. How is that for irony?
If Obama had a father he would look like Beelzebub, the lord of the flies. No irony there.
Dang! I just got back from the gym. For 54 minutes I burned at 96% max heart rate. That is probably going to be my metric for this year. I feel good. When I feel this good I can’t even remember who that Obama guy is. Either that or I am getting old.
Obama who? That’s definitely the healthiest state of mind to be in. Because if you know who he is and like him, you’re sick. If you know who he is and you don’t like him, he makes you sick. | 2019-04-19T16:24:43Z | https://startthinkingright.wordpress.com/2014/12/29/liberal-democrat-de-blasio-to-blame-for-cop-assassinations-the-cops-predicted-officers-would-die-because-of-liberals-joining-racist-protestors/ | Porn | Health | 0.553315 |
wordpress | Today’s meme shows what life would be like if robots controlled the world and used the Bible as their moral guide. Yikes!
Today’s Sunday meme describes much of most religions. It leaves me heaving a big sigh. How do we overcome opinions based on emotional responses that lack evidence? | 2019-04-24T04:05:46Z | https://thepoisedatheist.wordpress.com/tag/memes/ | Porn | Reference | 0.408525 |
wordpress | You have a wonderful movie blog here. I’ve seen many on your list, and enjoy reading your take on them.
I think I have found a new favourite film blog! I will set aside some time to go through these, and then I’ll make sure I look out for your latest posts.
Thanks a lot! Your blog is pretty amazing, too! | 2019-04-22T23:55:50Z | https://dbmoviesblog.wordpress.com/films-archive/ | Porn | Arts | 0.682486 |
columbia | For concerns about financial aid, contact your school’s financial aid office.
For concerns about billing and payments, contact Student Service Center at ssc@columbia.edu. You can also find information about payment plans on the Student Financial Services website.
For updates on the federal government’s operating status, visit the website of the U.S. Office of Personnel Management. | 2019-04-21T10:47:19Z | https://universitylife.columbia.edu/partial-government-shutdown | Porn | Reference | 0.768923 |
columbia | My wife would prefer I not go to a talk by someone who wrote so extensively about adultery.
If updike brought even a tenth of the genius to writing his lecture as he brought to the line ‘his hands were like wild birds’ we’d be in for a real treat.
Grease-gray and kind of coiled.
Also I think the whole Russell’s-paradox thing is getting old, and that keeping Updike in the game will make next round’s battle against Nietzsche more fun. And, one more thing: Updike’s got the basketball connection. Can you imagine Bertrand Russell playing hoops? I don’t think so.
Hey, how did Derrida even make it into the second round?? There must’ve been some mistake.
Derrida’s last victory was an aporia. It was also Derrida’s last victory. By which I mean it was a victory for his mechanical foot. But is it a vic(tory) or are we all vic(tims)? I could go on like this for another hour, which shows how masturbatory Derrida’s technique is. Not that I’m actually masturbating at the moment. Not that there would be anything wrong with that. Carlin, please.
Carlin. How many times as Derrida hosted Saturday Night Live?
When we read of Derrida’s death, my friends and I breathed a sigh of relief. When we heard of Carlin’s death four years later, we chatted about how he changed the way we thought about ourselves, each other, and the world. I suspect our reactions would be the same at the conclusion of each respective proposed seminar.
Andrew, salvage whoever you like from the previous eliminations. This round is irrelevant. | 2019-04-23T16:07:50Z | https://statmodeling.stat.columbia.edu/2015/03/21/george-carlin-2-vs-jacques-derrida/ | Porn | Reference | 0.395656 |
wordpress | Ryszard Legutko patří k nejvýznamnějším současným evropským politickým filosofům a je čerstvým poslancem Evropského parlamentu.
Informace na webu Polského institutu.
ANKETA: Koho jste volili do Evropského parlamentu?
Je pátek 5. 6. 2009 večer, pomalu končí první den voleb do Evropského parlamentu.
Koho jste volili do Evropského parlamentu v roce 2009 (nebo ještě budete volit)?
Seznam stran je vytvořen podle této stránky. Známější strany (dle mého uvážení) jsem uvedl jako zkratky.
Pojďme se podívat na jeden konkrétní příklad.
Tato zpráva odsuzuje různé světové totalitní režimy a diktátory.
Liberální skupina ALDE předložila následující dodatek k paragrafu 45, kterým by se do tohoto kontextu, tj. mezi pošlapávání lidských práv, vložilo odsouzení papežových slov o vhodnosti kondomů jako prostředku proti AIDS v Africe a zdůraznění významu tzv. sexuálních a reprodukčních zdravotních práv, což je termín označující dostupnost potratů a antikoncepce.
Zpráva nemá žádnou právní závaznost, nicméně má pochopitelně nezanedbatelný vliv na politiku národních vlád.
Celkem má EP 784 členů. Z nich bylo 209 nepřítomno a 61 nehlasovalo.
Poslanci České republiky hlasovali shodně pro a proti, byli tedy poněkud více pro dodatek, než parlament jako celek. Jejich nepřítomnost byla nadprůměrná.
Následuje přehled hlasování jednotlivých poslanců.
Pro mne je to užitečná předvolební informace.
Celý text projevu Baracka Obamy v Praze, 5. dubna 2009.
Full transcript of the Barack Obama’s speech in Prague, April 5th, 2009.
Thank you for this wonderful welcome. Thank you to the people of Prague. And thank you to the people of the Czech Republic. Today, I am proud to stand here with you in the middle of this great city, in the center of Europe. And – to paraphrase one my predecessors – I am also proud to be the man who brought Michelle Obama to Prague.
I have learned over many years to appreciate the good company and good humor of the Czech people in my hometown of Chicago. Behind me is a statue of a hero of the Czech people – Tomas Masaryk. In 1918, after America had pledged its support for Czech independence, Masaryk spoke to a crowd in Chicago that was estimated to be over 100,000. I don’t think I can match Masaryk’s record, but I’m honored to follow his footsteps from Chicago to Prague.
For over a thousand years, Prague has set itself apart from any other city in any other place. You have known war and peace. You have seen empires rise and fall. You have led revolutions in the arts and science, in politics and poetry. Through it all, the people of Prague have insisted on pursuing their own path, and defining their own destiny. And this city – this Golden City which is both ancient and youthful – stands as a living monument to your unconquerable spirit.
We are here today because of the courage of those who stood up – and took risks – to say that freedom is a right for all people, no matter what side of a wall they live on, and no matter what they look like.
We are here today because of the Prague Spring – because the simple and principled pursuit of liberty and opportunity shamed those who relied on the power of tanks and arms to put down the will of the people.
We are here today because twenty years ago, the people of this city took to the streets to claim the promise of a new day, and the fundamental human rights that had been denied to them for far too long. Sametová revoluce – the Velvet Revolution taught us many things. It showed us that peaceful protest could shake the foundation of an empire, and expose the emptiness of an ideology. It showed us that small countries can play a pivotal role in world events, and that young people can lead the way in overcoming old conflicts. And it proved that moral leadership is more powerful than any weapon.
That is why I am speaking to you in the center of a Europe that is peaceful, united and free – because ordinary people believed that divisions could be bridged; that walls could come down; and that peace could prevail.
We share this common history. But now this generation – our generation – cannot stand still. We, too, have a choice to make. As the world has become less divided it has become more inter-connected. And we have seen events move faster than our ability to control them – a global economy in crisis; a changing climate; the persistent dangers of old conflicts, new threats and the spread of catastrophic weapons.
To protect our planet, now is the time to change the way that we use energy. Together, we must confront climate change by ending the world’s dependence on fossil fuels, tapping the power of new sources of energy like the wind and sun, and calling upon all nations to do their part. And I pledge to you that in this global effort, the United States is now ready to lead.
To provide for our common security, we must strengthen our alliance. NATO was founded sixty years ago, after Communism took over Czechoslovakia. That was when the free world learned too late that it could not afford division. So we came together to forge the strongest alliance that the world has ever known. And we stood shoulder to shoulder – year after year, decade after decade – until an Iron Curtain was lifted, and freedom spread like flowing water.
This marks the tenth year of NATO membership for the Czech Republic. I know that many times in the 20th century, decisions were made without you at the table. Great powers let you down, or determined your destiny without your voice being heard. I am here to say that the United States will never turn its back on the people of this nation. We are bound by shared values, shared history, and the enduring promise of our alliance. NATO’s Article 5 states it clearly: an attack on one is an attack on all. That is a promise for our time, and for all time.
The people of the Czech Republic kept that promise after America was attacked, thousands were killed on our soil, and NATO responded. NATO’s mission in Afghanistan is fundamental to the safety of people on both sides of the Atlantic. We are targeting the same al Qaeda terrorists who have struck from New York to London, and helping the Afghan people take responsibility for their future. We are demonstrating that free nations can make common cause on behalf of our common security. And I want you to know that we Americans honor the sacrifices of the Czech people in this endeavor, and mourn the loss of those you have lost. | 2019-04-26T12:37:19Z | https://oslik.wordpress.com/tag/evropska-unie/ | Porn | Reference | 0.445727 |
wordpress | It’s almost time for Dreamforce ’15! I’m going to be working my magic, meeting as many people as I can, and speaking at a good number of sessions this year. Want to come see me? Sign up for these sessions today!
Are you a new Salesforce Admin or a Super User looking to understand the power of the creating an application with point-and-click tools on the platform? This session is for you! The goal of this session is to help familiarize you what tools exist on the platform and how you can use them to build an app without writing a single line of code. In addition, in between lessons you’ll get hands-on and build a sustainable app that you can put to work today. At the end of the workshop, you will feel empowered about point-and-click app building, confident in your ability to streamline business process, and be engaged with Salesforce.
NOTE! We’ll be using one of the Trailhead Projects as the basis for this workshop – come ready to point-and-click your way to success!
Watch customers go head-to-head in the DevZone arena as they face off on Trailhead challenges. Who will emerge victorious? Join us and find out.
Processes and Flows are quickly becoming a go-to tool for both Administrators and Developers. Field updates, time-based actions, fast record lookups, and record creates are all possible declaratively. However, what happens when you need to take your process to the next step, and basic Processes and Flows cannot support your business logic? Join us to learn how developers can utilize Apex interfaces and annotations to customize and support Processes and Flows. You’ll leave with an understanding of how to use the ProcessPlugin interface and the InvocableMethod annotation for allowing Flows to make callouts, handle faults, and implement customized business processes. You should have some familiarity with writing Apex, along with a basic understanding of Processes and Flows to fully participate in this session.
Join us to learn how to create custom Apex REST web services to allow multiple external systems to integrate – more specifically, the architecture of such services to control and sanitize inputs, fully handle internal exception reporting, and return standard outputs that are able to be consumed and handled by any external programmatic solution.
“Why won’t the users use my interface? It does exactly what they want it to do!” is a common frustration by developers. Change your mindset. Developers work like developers, users work like users. Let’s talk about how to think like a user.
What the heck is “Productization”? Is that even a word? Not according to Merriam-Webster, but it’s a word that you will want to introduce to your vocabulary!
We all absolutely love implementing Salesforce – the thrill of setting up a new org (aahh that new org smell!), getting business requirements, and building out exactly what the business needs. Who doesn’t love doing this part – I know I sure do!
So what happens after “launch”? Many companies continue at the same velocity as they had during the build phase – which may keep noisy users at bay, but how often do we think about those non-noisy users? How often do we think about “implementation fatigue”? What about other areas of the business that want to onboard?
Often, we end up thinking of such things months or years down the road when data starts becoming shoddy, management stops managing from the tool, or you find the users have created a thousand Excel sheets with PivotTables to actually output useful reports because their data source keeps changing.
So what is “Productization”? Productization is the process of taking your platform and taking it from the adhoc building phase to a more of a traditional enterprise platform “tool” that is predictable, stable, and trusted. Picking the phrase apart – you are essentially making a “closed” product that your users just pick up and use, similar to how they would use Excel, Word, etc.
One thing that many people confuse with a “Productized” solution is one that is static, closed, or non-responsive to changing business needs – absolutely not the case! This is where you start really exploring and implementing those fancy themes that consultants throw around such as governance/change management, formalized ideation, or formal on-boarding processes. You want to create a PRODUCT.
This blog post is the first in a series that will discuss the overall themes and approaches of a “Productization” roadmap. Today we’ll be talking about user expectations/management, speed/velocity of change, and involving your users in the ideation process.
The double-edged sword that is salesforce.com is that it’s incredibly configurable…by anyone in the organization. This ability is second-to-none when we’re building and honing in the platform, but all of that effort is leading you to your “release version [x]”.
One of the greatest hurdles to any salesforce.com implementation is adoption; many adoption approaches can be utilized such as “creating [x] records per week”, “managing from the tool”, or “compensation driven from the tool”, but for those doing day-to-day work in the system stability can mean just as much or more than anything else.
Think about it – would you look forward to using a tool at work that you never trust is going to be the same tomorrow? How much effort would you put in to learning how things work or much less how to make them more efficient if tomorrow everything could change? Having a tool that is predictable fosters an environment where users trust the system and invest more time/energy to using it.
To associate a silly visual – “the cockroaches scatter when you turn on the lights”. The same visual can be applied to users and change – if you change your system haphazardly, your users will scatter!
Very few things have the impact on the overall success of your solution more than a fully engaged user base. Providing your user base with a forum where they can bring new ideas to light, have prioritization input on the implementation of said ideas (with the assistance of a steering committee), and can bring fixes/improvements back to their peers is both empowering and invaluable.
Once you throttle back the engines and make the current users and management stable and happy – then let’s start talking onboarding units and users, but next time! | 2019-04-25T08:11:00Z | https://techman97.wordpress.com/author/techman97/ | Porn | Business | 0.429038 |
columbia | Hydrogen isotope ratios (H-2/H or D/H) of long-chain unsaturated ketones (alkenones) preserved in lake and marine sediments hold great promise for paleoclimate studies. However, compound-specific hydrogen isotope analysis of individual alkenones has not been possible due to chromatographic coelution of alkenones with the same carbon chain length but different numbers of double bonds. Published studies have only reported the delta D values of the mixture of coeluting alkenones. We developed an efficient procedure to isolate individual alkenones based on double-bond numbers using silica gel impregnated with silver nitrate. The chromatographic procedure is simple, inexpensive, and highly reproducible, offers 87-100% sample recovery, and allows for the first time hydrogen isotopic measurement on individual alkenones. delta D values of specific di-, tri- and tetraunsaturated C-37 alkenones produced by an Emiliania huxleyi culture, as well as those isolated from Greenland lake sediments, differ consecutively by 43-65 %. These findings suggest that alkenones with different numbers of carbon-carbon double bonds express significantly different delta D values and that coelution of different alkenones may lead to erroneous source water delta D reconstructions. Our alkenone isolation approach opens a new avenue for paleoclimate reconstructions using hydrogen isotope ratios of individual alkenones. | 2019-04-22T02:48:00Z | https://www.ldeo.columbia.edu/node/14871 | Porn | Science | 0.969003 |
google | 1990-05-25 Assigned to GLIDDEN COMPANY, THE reassignment GLIDDEN COMPANY, THE ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST. Assignors: PACKARD, KEVAN A., POMPIGNANO, GARY C., WOO, JAMES T. K.
A protective paint coating containing a polymeric binder having both hydrophobic and hydrophilic moieties in the polymeric structure comprises an acrylic-graft terpolymer. The terpolymer comprises aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate and epoxy resin coreacted with diphenol to form the terpolymer. Ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including carboxyl monomers, are in-situ copolymerized in the presence of the terpolymer to produce the acrylic-graft terpolymer. The aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate component of the terpolymer comprise the reaction product of a glycidyl acrylate and a branched aliphatic ethylenic monomer having a branched chain of 2 to 20 carbon atoms. The branched aliphatic chain and the carboxyl functionality provide the self-contained wetting agent properties to the polymeric binder structure.
This invention pertains to protective surface coatings applied to substrates as continuous films for the purposes of decorative appearance as well as protection of the substrate, and more particularly to a glycidyl-diphenol-epoxy terpolymer grafted with acrylic monomers including carboxyl monomers to provide a graft terpolymer containing a wetting agent structure within the graft terpolymer structure.
This invention is directed to an aqueous dispersed polymeric binder comprising a grafted terpolymer containing copolymerized units of glycidyl acrylate, epoxy resin, diphenol such as bisphenol, grafted with copolymerized ethylenic monomers, where the binder polymer includes self-contained copolymerized wetting agent groups to facilitate adhesion of the binder to unclean substrate surfaces such as steel surfaces containing dirt and/or oil contaminants. Ordinarily, wetting agents are separate, external additives and comprise a hydrophobic and hydrophilic chain or group to obtain compatibility with the water dispersed binder as well as provide wetting properties to oily surfaces. Such additives ordinarily comprise a short aliphatic chain with a polar group such as a carboxyl group.
In accordance with this invention, the external additive wetting agent can be omitted by building certain wetting agent groups into the polymer structure. The resulting polymeric binder is particularly suitable for the interior surfaces of aluminum or steel containers and cans used for beer and beverages.
Epoxy resins are particularly desirable for use in surface coating materials as a vehicle or polymeric binder for pigments, fillers, and other additives whereby epoxy resins advantageously provide toughness, flexibility, adhesion, and chemical resistance. Water-dispersed coating compositions containing epoxy resins are highly desirable for can coating compositions. Coatings for soft drink and beer cans, for instance, are critical due to taste sensitivity wherein such sanitary can coatings must not alter the product taste of canned beverages. Taste problems can occur in a variety of ways such as by leaching of coating components into the beverage, or by adsorption of flavor by the coating, or sometimes by chemical reaction, or by some combination thereof. In commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,212,781, a process is disclosed for modifying epoxy resin by reacting the epoxy resin with addition polymerizable ethylenic monomer in the presence of at least 3% by weight of benzoyl peroxide (or the free radical initiating equivalent thereof) based on monomer at a suitable reaction temperature. This reaction produced a reaction mixture containing an in-situ formed blend of resinous materials comprising an epoxy-acrylic copolymer mixture containing epoxy resin, graft epoxy-acrylic polymer, and associatively-formed ungrafted addition polymer. The in-situ polymerized monomers include acid functional monomers to provide acid functionality in the reaction mixture sufficiently high to effect stable dispersion of the resulting reaction product in a basic aqueous medium. Similarly, commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 4,522,961 is directed to a mixture of polymers comprising a self-curing water dispersed or emulsion polymer, an epoxy-acrylic graft copolymer, and a phosphate additive, where self-curing water dispersed polymers were produced by polymerizing ethylenic monomers, including functional carboxyl, hydroxyl, amine or amide monomers in combination with alkylol acrylamide monomers, and thereafter blending the water-dispersed polymer with an epoxy-acrylic copolymer and preferably with a phosphated additive. Related commonly assigned patents are U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,285,847 and 4,399,241.
It now has been found that such compositions can be improved by incorporating wetting agent functional groups into the binder polymer structure itself whereby an additive wetting agent is avoided, VOC (volatile organic compound) is reduced, and good wetting and good adhesion can be obtained with metal substrates without causing blistering problems. These and other advantages of this invention will become more apparent by referring to the detailed description and illustrative examples.
Briefly, the invention is based on a polymeric binder for protective surface coatings comprising copolymerized units of 2% to 20% aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate containing a pendant, branched aliphatic group 30% to 80% epoxy resin, 0.2% to 30% bisphenol, and 15% to 25% in-situ acrylic copolymer containing carboxyl functionality to produce a graft terpolymer, where the polymeric binder contains hydrophilic and hydrophobic functional units exhibiting wetting agent properties. The polymeric binder can be dispersed into water with amine to produce a water-dispersed polymeric composition.
The polymeric binder is produced by mixing the glycidyl acrylate and epoxy resin together, advancing the molecular weight of the glycidyl acrylate and the epoxy resin by coreacting oxirane groups with diphenol such as bisphenol or bisphenol terminated epoxy resin to advance both the glycidyl acrylate and the epoxy resin. This is followed by in-situ copolymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including carboxyl monomers, in the presence of the advanced glycidyl and epoxy resins, where the ethylenically unsaturated monomers coreact by addition polymerization in addition to grafting onto the polymer backbone of the advanced glycidyl/epoxy. The resulting graft polymer is dispersed into water with amine to produce a water-dispersed polymer. If desired, additional ethylenic monomers can be copolymerized within the water-dispersed polymer mixture to produce an emulsion dispersion polymer.
The polymeric binder in the protective coatings of this invention comprise copolymerized units of aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate, epoxy resin, and diphenol to produce an advanced molecular weight terpolymer which is further coreacted with ethylenic monomers, including carboxyl monomers, by in-situ copolymerization of the monomers in the presence of the terpolymer to produce the acrylic-grafted terpolymer.
Referring first to the aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate, this component of the terpolymer comprises the reaction product of a glycidyl acrylate with a branched aliphatic acrylic or vinyl compound having a branched carbon chain of 2 to 20 carbon atoms. Glycidyl acrylate monomers characteristically contain oxirane functionality as well as a pendant ethylenic double bond and ordinarily comprise the acrylic or methacrylic acid ester of an alkyl oxirane having an alkyl aliphatic chain containing about 2 to 12 carbon atoms. Glycidyl acrylates are typically produced by esterifying acrylic or methacrylic acid with an oxirane alkanol such as glycidol for example. Useful monomers include for example, glycidyl acrylate and glycidyl methacrylate. These glycidyl acrylate monomers are then copolymerized with aliphatic branched acrylic or vinyl monomers or oligomers by addition copolymerization through the coreactive double bonds in the glycidyl acrylate and the branched aliphatic monomer to produce the aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate containing both a branched aliphatic chain and a pendant glycidyl group. A particularly preferred aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate is the copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate. Other useful aliphatic branched monomers include, for example, butyl acrylate and methacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate and methacrylate, octyl acrylate and methacrylate, decyl acrylate and methacrylate, isodecyl acrylate and methacrylate, dodecyl acrylate and methacrylate, lauryl acrylate and methacrylate, hexadecyl acrylate and methacrylate, octadecyl acrylate and methacrylate, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,3-piperylene.
Referring next to epoxy resins, epoxy resins are characterized by the three-membered ether group ##STR1## commonly referred to as an epoxy group, where such groups typically terminate epoxy backbone chains and/or branched chains. Epoxy resins are predominantly linear chain molecules comprising the coreaction product of polynuclear dihydroxy phenols or bisphenols with halohydrins to produce epoxy resins containing at least one and preferably two epoxy groups per molecule. The most common bisphenols are bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, bisphenol-S, and 4,4'dihydroxy bisphenol, with the most preferred being bisphenol-A. Halohydrins include epichlorohydrin, dichlorohydrin, and 1,2-dichloro-3-hydroxypropane with the most preferred being epichlorohydrin. Preferred epoxy resins comprise the coreaction product of excess molar equivalents of epichlorohydrin and bisphenol-A to produce predominantly an epoxy group terminated linear molecular chain of repeating units of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A containing between 2 and 30 repeating copolymerized units of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A. In practice, an excess molar equivalent of epichlorohydrin are reacted with bisphenol-A to produce epoxy resins where up to two moles of epichlorohydrin coreact with one mole of bisphenol-A, although less than complete reaction can produce difunctional epoxy resin along with monoepoxide chains terminated at the other end with a bisphenol-A unit. The most preferred linear epoxy resins are polyglycidyl ethers of bisphenol-A having terminating 1,2-epoxide groups and an epoxy equivalent weight between about 175 and 4,000, and a number average molecular weight from about 400 to 40,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Commercially available lower molecular weight epoxy resins include Dow Chemical epoxy resins identified by trade number and average molecular weights as follows: DER 333 (380); DER 661 (525); while Shell Chemical epoxy resins are EPON 828 (380); EPON 836 (625); EPON 1001 (525). EPON 1007F (4,000); and Ciba-Geigy linear epoxy resins GT-7013 (1400); GT-7014 (1500); GT 7074 (2000); and GT-259 (1200). Although not as common, trifunctional epoxy resins are useful comprising branched chain epoxy resins where the branched chains as well as the backbone chain are each terminated with a terminal epoxide group to provide greater than two epoxide functionality. Trifunctional epoxy resins can be produced by coreacting epichlorohydrin with polynuclear polyhydroxy phenols, trifunctional phenols, or aliphatic trifunctional alcohols.
Referring next to bisphenols for advancing the molecular weight of the glycidyl acrylate and epoxy resin, bisphenol compounds are polynuclear dihydroxyl phenols and include, for example, bisphenol-A, bisphenol-F, bisphenol-S, and 4,4' dihydroxy bisphenol with the most preferred being bisphenol-A. Bisphenol compounds can further comprise bisphenol terminated epoxy resins. The bisphenol compound reacts with the oxirane groups of both glycidyl functionality and epoxy functionality to produce a glycidyl-epoxy-bisphenol terpolymer of advanced molecular weight. The number average molecular weight of the advanced terpolymer can be between 1,500 and 40,000 and preferably between 2,500 and 20,000.
Referring next to the acrylic copolymer formed in-situ and grafted to the terpolymer of glycidyl acrylate, epoxy resin and bisphenol, the acrylic copolymer comprises non-aqueous, in-situ polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers including acrylic monomers and carboxyl functional monomers in the presence of the terpolymer to produce an addition grafted terpolymer. Polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated monomers contain carbon-to-carbon unsaturation and include vinyl monomers, acrylic monomers, allylic monomers, and acrylamide monomers. Vinyl esters include vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrates, vinyl benzoates, vinyl isopropyl acetates and similar vinyl esters; vinyl halides include vinyl chloride, vinyl fluoride, and vinylidene chloride; vinyl aromatic hydrocarbons include styrene, methyl styrenes and similar lower alkyl styrenes, chlorostyrene, vinyl toluene, vinyl naphthalene, divinyl benzoate, and cyclohexane; vinyl aliphatic hydrocarbon monomers include alpha olefins such as ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, and cyclohexene as well as conjugated dienes such as 1,3 butadiene, methyl-2-butadiene, 1,3-piperylene, 2,3 dimethyl butadiene, isoprene, cyclopentadiene, and dicyclopentadiene; and vinyl alkyl ethers include methyl vinyl ether, isopropyl vinyl ether, n-butyl vinyl ether, and isobutyl vinyl ether. Acrylic monomers include monomers such as lower alkyl esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid having an alkyl ester portion containing between 1 to 12 carbon atoms as well as aromatic derivatives of acrylic and methacrylic acid. Useful acrylic monomers include, for example, acrylic and methacrylic acid, methyl acrylate and methacrylate, ethyl acrylate and methacrylate, butyl acrylate and methacrylate, propyl acrylate and methacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate and methacrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate and methacrylate, decyl acrylate and methacrylate, isodecylacrylate and methacrylate, benzyl acrylate and methacrylate, and various reaction products such as butyl, phenyl, and cresyl glycidyl ethers reacted with acrylic and methacrylic acids, hydroxyl alkyl acrylates and methacrylates such as hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl acrylates and methacrylates, as well as amino acrylates and methacrylates. Carboxyl functional monomers comprise acrylic acids and include acrylic and methacrylic acid, ethacrylic acid, alpha-chloroacrylic acid, alpha-cyanoacrylic acid, crotonic acid, beta-acryloxy propionic acid, and beta-styrl acrylic acid. On a weight basis of copolymerized monomers, the acrylic copolymer comprises between 50% and 80% acrylic monomer and between 20% and 50% carboxyl monomer, with the balance of ethylenic monomers being ethylenically unsaturated monomers other than acrylic or carboxyl monomers.
In accordance with this invention, aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate, epoxy resin, and diphenol such as bisphenol are mixed together and reacted to advance the molecular weight of the glycidyl functional acrylate and epoxy resin, that is, to form a terpolymer containing glycidyl acrylate chains and epoxy resin chains and coreacted together with interlinking bisphenol. The resulting terpolymer comprising glycidyl functional acrylate, epoxy resin, and bisphenol is then further reacted in-situ with the ethylenic monomers to provide an addition graft polymer structure. The polymerization of various ethylenic monomers is initiated by forming a radical on the polymer backbone by hydrogen abstraction using benzoyl peroxide or the equivalent peroxide or azo initiator, where ethylenic chains graft to the terpolymer backbone followed by double bond of the various ethylenic monomers. On a weight basis, the grafted terpolymer of this invention comprises between 2% and 20% glycidyl functional acrylate copolymer between 30% and 80% epoxy resin, 0.2% to 30% bisphenol, and between 15% and 25% copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers including acrylic and carboxyl functional monomers.
In more detail, the process steps comprise the intermixing of aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate with epoxy resin and bisphenol or with bisphenol terminated epoxy resin to coreact the bisphenol groups with glycidyl functionality and epoxy functionality to advance the molecular weight into the larger polymeric structure comprising a terpolymer of glycidyl functional acrylate, epoxy resin, and bisphenol. The components can be mixed together and heated in a non-aqueous medium to about 130° C. to 190° C. with about 175° C. being typical. A catalyst such as ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate should be added at the level of about 0.05 to 0.15% based on the weight of reactants. The reaction can take place without a solvent although preferably within an organic solvent for control purposes. A desirable solvent to use is ethylene glycol mono butyl ether or 2-butoxy-ethanol-1 at about 15% by weight of the components reacted.
The glycidyl acrylate, epoxy resin, and bisphenol terpolymer is utilized as a polymerization medium with or without organic solvent for in-situ copolymerization of the ethylenic monomers in the presence of the terpolymer. The ethylenically unsaturated monomers are activated by peroxide free radical initiator at polymerization temperatures typically between 70° C. to 170° C. and preferably between 120° C. to 150° C. Typically above about 3% and preferably between 5 and 10 peroxide initiator is utilized based on the weight of the monomers. Typical polymerization initiators can include for instance benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide, tertiary butyl perbenzoate, cumene peroxide and similar peroxide polymerization catalysts which are preferred; azo initiators such as azo bisisobutyronitrile an dimethylazobis-isobutyrate; as well as alkali metal persulfate or ammonium persulfates. Mercaptans can be added to provide copolymers of low molecular weight. The resulting graft polymer comprising the terpolymer having acrylic copolymer addition copolymerized by grafting from the epoxy backbone. The resulting graft terpolymer can be dispersed into water by neutralizing the carboxyl groups on the grafted terpolymer. Fugitive bases such as primary, secondary, and tertiary alkyl, alkanol, or aromatic amines are useful aminating agents as well as alkanolalkyl mixed amines such as monoethanol amine, dimethyl ethanolamine, diethanol amine, triethyl amine, dimethyl aniline, ammonium hydroxide and similar amine bases. Ordinarily between about 7% and 15% by weight amine base can be added to the graft terpolymer to disperse the terpolymer into water. The resulting water-dispersed terpolymer typically can contain between about 15% and 30% polymeric solids dispersed into water.
In accordance with a further aspect of this invention, the water-dispersed, acrylic graft terpolymer can be used as a polymerization medium wherein second step ethylenically unsaturated monomers can be overpolymerized or copolymerized in-situ to produce a polymeric emulsion dispersion of acrylic-graft terpolymer. On a weight basis, the post added ethylenic monomers can comprise between 5 weight parts and 50 weight parts ethylenic monomer per 100 weight parts grafted terpolymer solids. The post added ethylenic monomers can comprise by weight between 40% and 60% acrylic monomers with the balance being other ethylenic monomers as previously described hereinbefore.
Accordingly, the polymeric binder for paint coatings of this invention comprise a polymeric binder having a self-contained wetting agent structure in the polymeric structure. The wetting agent structure comprises hydrophilic structures represented by the interpolymerized carboxylic monomer and hydrophobic structure represented by the pendant branched aliphatic structure represented by the interpolymerized aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate.
The merits of this invention are further illustrated by the following examples.
Into a 3 liter round bottom flask fitted with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe, and mechanical stirrer was charged 748.6 g of 2-butoxyethanol. The flask was heated to 115° C. under nitrogen sparge. A monomer mixture of 1632.0 g of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 68.0 g glycidyl methacrylate, 21.8 g benzoyl peroxide (78% in water), and 65.0 g of 2-butoxyethanol was added to solvent in 2.5 hours. The mixture was held at 115° C. for 30 minutes, and then 4.3 g of t-butyl perbenzoate were added. The reaction was continued for an additional hour and the mixture was then allowed to cool. The product obtained was viscous clear resin solution of 68.2% nonvolatile and 0.38% oxirane.
Into a 2 liter round bottom flask fitted with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe, and mechanical stirrer was charged 210 g of Bisphenol A, 128.6 g of an EHA/GMA copolymer (96/4% wt./wt., Mn=3300, 0.38% oxirane) as a solution in 2-butoxyethanol (68% NV) adding a total of 188.5 g of the copolymer solution, and 0.25 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate. The reaction mixture was heated to 140° C. where heating was stopped. The reaction exotherm carried the temperature to 153° C. After 50 min. at 140° C. to 150° C., the heating mantle was dropped and the mixture was allowed to cool while the flask was charged with 302 g of DER 333 liquid epoxy resin, 100 g of 2-butoxyethanol, and 0.40 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate. The reaction mixture was heated under a nitrogen sparged vacuum to regain 120° C. and 7 g of volatiles were stripped from the reaction mixture at 120°-130° C. and 20-25 in. Hg vacuum. The reaction mixture was then slowly heated to 175° C. under a nitrogen sparge. The reaction mixture was then held at 170°-180° C. for 2 hours. At the end of this time, the oxirane value of the product was 0.07 and resin had a Gardner-Holdt viscosity of S- at 40% NV in 2-butoxyethanol. 15.4 g of 2-butoxyethanol and 300 g of butanol were then added and the temperature stabilized to 115° C.
A monomer mixture of 103.2 g of methacrylic acid, 54.0 g of styrene, 1.5 g of ethyl acrylate, 14.01 g of benzoyl peroxide (78% in water), and 40.6 g of 2-butoxyethanol was added to the hot epoxy solution in 2 hours. 22.7 g of 2-butoxyethanol was used to rinse the monomer addition flask. The mixture was held at 115° C. for 90 min. and then 74.6 g of dimethylethanolamine was added to the reaction mixture after a 30 min. hold, 1307 g of this resin mixture was dropped into a solution of 1563 g of demineralized water and 88.4 g of 2-butoxyethanol which had been preheated to 50° C. This was then diluted with 265.2 g of demineralized water to bring the final NV to 23%. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature while maintaining agitation. The nonvolatile of the dispersion was 24.4%, acid number was 87.2, base number was 55.6, and % neutralization was 64%.
Into a 3 liter round bottom flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe and mechanical stirrer was charged 1450.6 g of the intermediate from (a) above, and 758.6 g of demineralized water. The reaction mixture was heated under a nitrogen purge to 85° C. and a monomer solution of 59.8 g of butyl acrylate and 20.2 g of methyl methacrylate was added. This was then followed by 76.3 g of styrene and 4.18 g of t-butyl peroxy pivalate (75% in mineral spirits) added in 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then held at 85° C. for one hour and then 2.12 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate was added. After an additional hour at 85° C., 2.00 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate was added and the reaction mixture was held at 85° C. for one additional hour. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature while being agitated. The product obtained was an aqueous polymer dispersion of 19.4% nonvolatile, acid number was 67.1, base number was 43.0 and % neutralization was 64%.
Into a 2 liter round bottom flask fitted with nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe, and mechanical stirrer was charged 236.1 g of Bisphenol A, 64.0 g of and EHA/GMA copolymer (96/4% wt./wt., Mn=3300, 0.38% oxirane) as a solution in 2-butoxyethanol (68% NV) adding a total of 93.8 g of the copolymer solution, 0.19 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate, and 32.3 g of 2-butoxyethanol. The reaction mixture was heated to 115° C. under a nitrogen sparge. Then 0.19 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate was added. The temperature was then slowly raised to 140°-150° C. and reaction was continued for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was then cooled to 125° C. and 339.9 g DER 333 epoxy resin, 97.7 g of 2-butoxyethanol, and 0.48 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was then heated to 175° C. After 2 hours at this temperature 15.2 g of 2-butoxyethanol and 300.8 g of n-butanol were added as the reaction mixture was allowed to cool.
The reaction mixture in the flask was then reheated to 115° C. and a monomer mixture of 103.2 g of methacrylic acid, 54.0 g of styrene, 1.5 g of ethyl acrylate, 14.0 g of benzoyl peroxide (78% in water), and 40.5 g of 2-butoxyethanol was added in 2 hours. 22.8 g of 2-butoxyethanol was used to rinse the monomer addition flask. The mixture was held at 115° C. for 2 hours and then 74.8 g of dimethylethanolamine was added to the reaction mixture. After a 30 minute hold, 1309 g of the resin mixture was dropped into a solution of 88.0 g of 2-butoxyethanol and 1563 g of demineralized water which had been preheated to 50° C. This aqueous dispersion was then diluted with 265.2 g of demineralized water to bring the final NV to 23%. The dispersion was then allowed to cool to room temperature with stirring. The nonvolatile of the dispersion was 24.2%, acid number was 85.2, base number was 57.1, and % neutralization was 67%.
Into a 3 liter round bottom flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe, and mechanical stirrer was charged 1500.1 g of the intermediate from (a) above, and 576.5 g of demineralized water. The reaction mixture was heated under a nitrogen purged atmosphere to 85° C. and a monomer solution of 61.9 g of butyl acrylate and 21.0 g of methyl methacrylate was added. This was then followed by the addition of 79.3 g of styrene and 4.30 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate (75% in mineral spirits) added in 2 hours. The reaction mixture was then held at 85° C. for one hour and then 2.13 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate was added. After a one hour hold at 85° C., 2.24 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate was added and the reaction mixture was held at 85° C. for an additional hour. The reaction mixture was then allowed to cool to room temperature while being agitated. The product obtained was an aqueous polymer dispersion of 21.2% nonvolatile, acid number was 61.6, base number was 40.5, and % neutralization was 66%.
Into a 2 liter round bottom flask fitted with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe, and mechanical stirrer was charged with 1.2 g of Bisphenol A, 21.6 g of EHA/GMA copolymer (96/4% wt./wt., Mn=3300, 0.38% oxirane) as a solution in 2-butoxyethanol (68% NV) adding a total of 31.6 g of the copolymer solution, and 0.1 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate. The reaction mixture was heated to 120°-140° C. for 30 minutes. 473.4 g of Epon 1009F epoxy resin and 119.5 g of 2-butoxyethanol and the reaction mixture was heated to attain 140° C. The flask was then charged with 0.33 g of ethyl triphenyl phosphonium acetate in 10.0 g of 2-butoxyethanol. The reaction mixture was then heated to 150° C. for one hour. The reaction mixture was then charged with 222.6 g of butanol and the temperature stabilized to 115° C.
A monomer mixture of 76.3 g of methacrylic acid, 39.9 g of styrene, 1.1 g of ethyl acrylate, 10.4 g of benzoyl peroxide (78% in water), and 30.2 g of 2-butoxyethanol was added to the hot epoxy solution in 2 hours. 17.0 g of 2-butoxyethanol was used to rinse the monomer addition flask. The mixture was held at 115° C. for two hours and then cooled to room temperature. The reaction mixture was reheated to 115° C. and 55.4 g dimethylethanol amine was added. After 30 minutes at 115° C., 906.1 g of the resin mixture was dropped into a rapidly stirred solution of 59.8 g of 2-butoxyethanol in 1051.1 g of demineralized water which had been preheated to 50° C. This was then diluted with 186.2 g of demineralized water. The aqueous polymer dispersion was then allowed to cool to room temperature while maintaining rapid stirring. The nonvolatile of the dispersion was 24.4%, acid number was 69.6, base number 50.5, and % neutralization was 73%.
Into a 5 liter round bottom flask equipped with a nitrogen inlet, water cooled condenser, temperature probe and mechanical stirrer was charged 2160.4 g of the intermediate from (a) above, and 1045.4 g of demineralized water. The reaction mixture was heated under a nitrogen purged atmosphere to 85° C. and a monomer solution of 87.3 g of butyl acrylate and 11.2 g of methyl methacrylate was added. The monomer solution of 111.4 g of styrene containing 6.2 g of t-butyl peroxypivalate was then added in 2 hours. After one hour at 85° C., 3.0 g of t-butyl peroxy pivalate was added and the reaction was held at 85° C. for an additional hour. At the end of this time, 3.2 g of t-butyl peroxy pivalate was added and the reaction mixture was held for one more hour 85° C. The reaction mixture then allowed to cool to room temperature while maintaining stirring. The product obtained was an aqueous polymer dispersion of 20.7% nonvolatile, acid number of 53.3, base number of 38.9, and % neutralization of 73%.
These samples were evaluated in spray application for 2-piece aluminum beer and beverage can. A widely used commercial sample 640-C-552 which is an epoxy-acrylic graft copolymer was used as a comparison.
Unmodified epoxy-acrylic copolymer, 3.6 lb./gal. VOC @105 mg ave. of 12 cans was 8.7 ma., std. dev.=8.4 contact angle over PPG overcoat varnish 22 deg., s.d.=2.
Example 2, 3.1 lb./gal. VOC @100-105 mg ave. of 12 cans was 9.3 ma., std. dev.=5 contact angle over PPG overcoat varnish 20 deg., s.d.=1.
Unmodified epoxy acrylic terpolymer, 3.1 lb./gal. VOC @110 mg ave. of 12 cans was 28.8 ma., std. dev.=18.6. Contact angle over PPG overcoat varnish 26 deg., s.d.=2.
As can be seen the materials of Example 2 and Example 3 gave spray performance comparable to 640-C-552 but with lower VOC content. These materials also show very good wetting ability (which may contribute to their excellent spray performance), as shown by their low contact angle on aluminum plates coated with PPG's overcoat varnish (#3625-X). This material was chosen to be representative of possible contaminated can surfaces and is widely used in the industry. By comparison the material of Example 4 showed relatively poor spray performance and was slightly worse than the sample of low VOC 640-C-700 which was included as a second reference sample.
in-situ copolymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers including carboxyl monomers in the presence of the terpolymer in the presence of at least 3% by peroxide based on the weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerized at temperatures between about 70° C. to 170° C. to produce an acrylic-graft terpolymer containing hydrophobic and hydrophilic wetting properties, said acrylic-graft terpolymer comprising on a weight basis between about 2% and 20% of said aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate, between about 0.2% and 30% diphenol, and between about 30% and 80% epoxy resin, and between about 15% and 25% said copolymerized ethylenically unsaturated monomers.
2. The process of claim 1 where the diphenol is a bisphenol.
3. The process of claim 2 where the bisphenol is bisphenol-A.
4. The process of claim 1 where the aliphatic-modified glycidyl acrylate polymer comprises the reaction product of a glycidyl acrylate and an ethylene monomer.
5. The process of claim 4 where the branched aliphatic ethylene monomer comprises 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate.
6. The process of claim 1 where the acrylic-graft terpolymer is dispersed into water by neutralizing with an amine to form an aqueous dispersed coating composition.
7. The process of claim 1 where between about 20% and 50% of the ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerized in-situ is a carboxyl monomer.
8. The process of claim 7 where the ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerized in-situ comprise between about 50% to 80% by weight acrylic monomer and 20% to 50% carboxyl monomer.
9. The process in claim 6 where the aqueous dispersed acrylic-graft terpolymer is used as polymerization medium, and second stage ethylenic monomers are copolymerized therein to produce an emulsion dispersion of acrylic-graft terpolymer.
10. The process of claim 9 wherein about 5 to 50 weight parts of second stage monomers are copolymerized with 100 weight parts of acrylic-graft terpolymer. | 2019-04-23T02:48:18Z | https://patents.google.com/patent/US5157078A/en | Porn | Business | 0.45834 |
wordpress | With thanks to R.R. for the title.
There was a time when common books did no exist. Most likely the book was a Jewish or Christian invention, the codex as it was called back in the days of the Roman Empire. That modest invention revolutionized the storage of information. It was much easier to read than a scroll and it was cheap to make one out of papyrus or some other leafy material. That invention evolved over time and became so ubiquitous that today we hardly pay any attention to it. Before electronic reading systems like Kindle came into the market the old codex had ruled the reading markets for 2,000 years. Not bad, not bad at all.
We really do not know who invented that new way to store written pages but we know Christians put it to good use, intensive use. Christianity and books filled the Roman Empire at the same time and then went to extend the use of that modest but ingenious invention all over the globe. Christians used that new idea to change the world. Today we have many other reading devices, I am sure many more will come. As we enter the information age we have more than the mere written word, humans have learned to store speeches, images, movies, maps, and more. We have also learned to move that information around the world at dizzying speeds. This page you are reading is currently being distributed from Buenos Aires to Manila, Vladivostok, New York, Beijing, Sydney and everywhere in the world, even to the International Space Station orbiting miles above our heads in outer space.
My previous post was triggered by a video posted by Michael Voris, head of a Catholic lay ministry in Detroit, Michigan in the United States of America. I went over the five elements he lists as the most important parts of the crisis we are going through as a Church. I believe this is a crisis that will not be repeated in history. The truth and traditions of Catholicism have been enduring assault after assault for twenty centuries. In the last five centuries, since the German Reformation, the enemies of the Church have been successful at draining uncountable souls from Mother Church to uncertain destinies. It seems to me that the enemies are now coming for what is left, and do they appear to be succeeding! The walls of the city have been breached and we are now fighting with our backs to the altar.
Since the Marcionist appeared in Rome almost twenty centuries ago, heresies have taken many shapes but all of them have something in common: they all need to change the historical account and somehow modify Holy Scripture to adjust reality to their own objectives. Marcion took some elements from the Old Testament and some from the Gospels to make one book that fitted his heretic purposes real well. Martin Luther and his followers purged the Catholic Scriptures leaving only 66 books, some of them missing various parts. The Jehovah’s Witnesses and the Later Day Saints have their own Bibles and their own way to account for History too. Not much has changed since the days of Marcion.
We can say that those who aspire to compete with the Catholic Church need to reorganize Christian information even History to fit their purposes. The disadvantage of that ‘method’ is that when Catholics let the light of History, Holy Tradition, and Holy Scripture shine on those concocted schemes … they vanish, they cannot hold together. We can write a treatise on this but suffice to say that good and truthful information is the unforgiving enemy of heretics and false prophets.”To be deep in history is to cease to be Protestant” said John Henry Newman, the famous English convert.
Early Christians used books to disseminate good information. Their tools may seem rudimentary to us. They did not have a printing press, they had to make their own paper and their own ink, their own writing instruments, and then slowly distribute them all over the Empire: from India to England, from Persia to Scandinavia, moving on foot and with very primitive means of transportation. It took centuries for the Apocalypse of St John to be known in the West, or the Epistle of James to be known in the East (if I remember well, it may have been the other way around!) And yet the Gospel was gradually heard all over the world. When the printing press came, the first book ever to be printed was Gutenberg’s Catholic Bible!
So we have a tradition of being at the cutting edge of technology. Today many Catholic ministries operate over the Internet, international television networks, radio, multimedia, and more. However the truly revolutionary aspects of this age of information are not being utilized fully yet. Sometimes using a certain medium does not necessarily mean that we are exploiting it for maximum effect. The scroll could contain the written word but it was clumsy. Imagine moving from Genesis to Revelation in a single scroll, or worse, across various scrolls. Not very practical, really. Eventually the codex improved the delivery of information and after many improvements it became the modern book in all its varieties. Well, the same happens with the various means to disperse information we have today. Wouldn’t it be great to have something that can be written word when we need it but also be a YouTube video, a podcast, a radio program, or even a live speaker depending on how do we want the information to be delivered?
We have to shed light on a dying world just like the Christians of the first centuries did. There is simply nothing more urgent or more important than to take Christ to the world. We should have done it yesterday, we have today but we may not have tomorrow. Time is of the essence.
I am asking please for a Hail Mary to be said three times a day for the success of this intention. I can assure you it would have made Mother Angelica jump for joy!
Carlos, have you been hacked by the Russians?
Seriously, with all of the “isms” out there, with near-total corruption of leadership in all spheres of human activity, with the sewer that is known as academe and media, it is hard for even the stalwart faithful to not believe the devil is winning. But, as you imply Truth is stronger than fiction, and even the oldest of lies, as old as mankind itself, that man is the measure of all things, crumbles before the Light of Truth. Our only problem? Shine it into the darkest of corners in this old rotten world. As always God allows a remnant to seed the harvest of Truth for the next generation.
God love you and keep you disseminating the Truth.
Contemplating how the devil is winning and destroying souls all over I began to analyze how the “anti-gospel” managed to spread all over the world. I noticed the anti-gospel mimics the Gospel in that sense too. You see, the early Christians spread all over the world and reduced paganism to nothing by their work (with a big help from the Holy Spirit of course.) The devil had 2,000 years to study the method and what he did was to develop the anti-gospel (mainly Cultural Marxism) and copy the Christian’s techniques to spread it. He has used adroitly all the weaknesses of the human race to advance his cause successfully.
In the beginning the Christians, lead by the Apostles unwittingly created a huge viral communications campaign, they ingeniously “infected” the culture with the words of Christ filling the cracks, reaching the lower classes who were not even taken into account by the great educators of the Roman Empire. That helped them achieve the critical mass needed to eventually reach the upper echelons with their message. By the time Constantine arrived in the scene they were ready. They had carved the entire society in their own “long march through the institutions” and there were Christians all over the place: in the schools (St Ambrose) in the army (like St Martin of Tours) and in every other conceivable area. By the time of Justinian the Emperors were Catholic and began to change the laws, objectives, and methods of the Roman government to make it Christian.
What we are seeing now with Cultural Marxism is a negative copy of that process.
What we have to do is take advantage of the speed and scope of modern communications to reverse the arrow of Cultural Marxism and turn it back. It may be easier than anyone thinks. We don’t have to laboriously put books together from papyrus any longer. We already have the content, God is raising new apostles of communications every day. All we have to do is use the available systems, perhaps develop some new ones along the way as the early Christians did.
I think I was given a great gift ten years ago when the kernel of this idea came to my mind. Fortunately my “boss” at the time did not even care to see what this was all about. Now I am sure it is going to explode all over. Friends of this blog are beginning to gather resources to put together a production office.
I will try and remember to say the requested Hail Mary’s. Godspeed.
I will devote the first three Hail Mary’s of my daily rosary to your efforts, Carlos!
Carlos, I will dedicate the three Hail Marys of the Angelus to the success of your project. | 2019-04-22T09:00:04Z | https://casorosendi.wordpress.com/2017/03/18/the-crisis-and-a-solution/ | Porn | Reference | 0.365657 |
wordpress | The Body Shop Body Sorbet – amandarobots.
The Body Shop has gone sorbet cray for summer, with sorbet for face and body. More on the former later; more on the latter now.
If, like me, you’re asking what a body sorbet is, I’ll try to describe it, but I make no promises at coherency. You see, although I’ve been using this product for a few weeks now, I still struggle to describe it each time I apply it.
It’s supposed to be a cooling, light-but-still-very-hydrating body moisturizer. Upon application, it feels like a bunch of tiny semi-solid gel-beads gliding over the skin until it sinks in – in seconds flat. If you haven’t tried this stuff, that description will make little sense to you. But if you have, you’ll know it’s as close to properly describing it as it gets.
In the summer, my legs go from flaky, dry, and painful to wonderfully low-maintenance. They go from needing the heaviest body butter I can wrangle to just a light moisturizer, and this sorbet stuff is perf. It’s so light that seconds after application it’s undetectable on the skin – no stickiness, no greasiness. Just perfectly moisturized skin and a lovely smell.
It currently comes in 5 flavours: mango, moringa, pink grapefruit, strawberry, and satsuma.These are TBS’s freshest scents, and are therefore most conducive to sorbetifying. I’m hoping there will be more soon, though – off the top of my head, a raspberry one and perhaps a lemon one would be great.
What impresses me most about these is the incredibly unique formula. It’s that formula that prompts me to say that, if you haven’t tried them, wait for The Body Shop to have a sale and pick one up! | 2019-04-22T23:01:51Z | https://amandarobots.wordpress.com/2014/06/12/the-body-shop-body-sorbet/ | Porn | Shopping | 0.902013 |
wordpress | Synopsis: EVERY GIRL WHO HAS TAKEN THE TEST HAS DIED.
My Review: The book was pretty good. I enjoyed it and was hooked from the beginning. The romance was beautiful and a little different but I loved every minute if it. I also enjoyed Carter’s interpretation of Greek mythology. It was unique and very well told. I enjoyed Henry’s character. He is dark and mysterious but he’s surprisingly vulnerable and endearing. He was by far my favorite character.
Now, I can’t say the same for the other characters. With the exception of Kate who was a pretty likable character. She was very human. Does that make sense? She is realistic, someone I would expect to see on the street, someone I felt I could relate to. She had strengths and weaknesses that made her very believable. However, there was one thing I disliked about her. She seems to have the weight on the world on her shoulders and she constantly blames herself for everything. No matter how small a fault or insignificant a detail may be, she uses it to bring herself down. But back to what I was saying, I wasn’t a big fan of any of the other characters. In truth, I was often turned off to the book because of them.
For those of you who read the synopsis know that the book leads up to a test or moment that defines her status. Did she pass or fail the test and what will happen next? Immortality or death? I thought that when that when I finally came to that scene, it would be amazing. But there I was feeling disgusted. I can’t at all say I enjoyed this ending. There is a crazy, last plot twist that kind of ruined the entire book for me. The plot twist itself and Kate’s way of handling it- I found it unrealistic.
Would I recommend this book? I’ll leave it up to you. Do you like endings with crazy plot twist that leave you confused? Do you enjoying seeing characters uncharacteristically get over betrayal, lies and deceit? Are you not a sucker for happy endings? If yes to all of the above this is the book for you. For those of you who said no to these questions beware: You will read this book and enjoy it, it really is quite good, but the end will leave you unhappy and dissatisfied. | 2019-04-23T21:58:33Z | https://tiffanylovesbooks.wordpress.com/2012/08/16/364/ | Porn | Reference | 0.183678 |
wordpress | This entry was posted on 14 septembre 2015 à 18:28 and is filed under Non classé. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. Responses are currently closed, but you can trackback from your own site. | 2019-04-25T06:50:14Z | https://lolaprof.wordpress.com/2015/09/14/vive-la-rentree/ | Porn | Reference | 0.112444 |
wordpress | The Board of Directors of William and Mary GALA created the Directors’ Cup in 1993 and it was first awarded at Homecoming that year as part of the Tercentenary Celebration. The award recognizes an openly gay or lesbian alumni/ae of the College whose professional accomplishments, as recognized by their peers, place him or her at the top of their respective field. The Directors’ Cup has been awarded twice in the history of the organization.
The first recipient of the award (1993) was Christopher Bram. Chris is a well known screenwriter and novelist, whose works include Surprising Myself (1987), Hold Tight (1988), In Memory of Angel Clare (1989), Almost History (1992), Father of Frankenstein (1995) — which was made into the movie Gods and Monsters, starring Ian McKellen and Brendan Fraser — Gossip (1997), The Notorious Dr. August: His Real Life & Crimes (2000), Lives of the Circus Animals (2003), Exiles In America (2006), and Mapping the Territory (2009). Born in Buffalo, NY, Chris spent his early years in Kempsville, VA. He attended William and Mary and graduated in 1974 with a BA in English. He moved to New York in 1978 and currently resides there. Chris was an early member of GALA.
The second recipient of the award (2006) was Jeff Trammell. Jeff is a native of Tallahassee, Florida, and received his B.A. from the College, where he was an all-conference basketball player and captain of the William and Mary team. He received his J.D. from Florida State University while working in the Florida Legislature: the beginning of a 25 year career in public service and government affairs. He worked on the staffs of three members of the Florida Congressional delegation and with the House Energy and Commerce Committee, before joining the private sector. He ran Hill & Knowlton’s public affairs division for 12 years before starting his own firm. Having become established as one of the people to know in Washington, Trammell served as senior advisor and national co-chair of gay and lesbian outreach for the 2004 Kerry-Edwards presidential campaign. In 2000 he chaired Business Leaders for Gore-Lieberman, spearheading an effort which secured some 3000 business leaders including many CEOs of Fortune 500 companies.
From 1998-2000, Jeff headed up gay and lesbian outreach for the Gore presidential campaign, and helped raise millions from gay and lesbian donors, both for the campaign and for the Democratic National Committee. Prior to assuming his role with Gore, Jeff chaired the Gay and Lesbian Victory Fund, which helped elect dozens of openly gay candidates across the country. He also was on the finance board of the U.S. Holocaust Memorial Museum’s gay and lesbian project, which raised million to research and commemorate the gay and lesbian victims of the Holocaust. In 2000 Jeff was awarded the Barney Frank National Leadership Award by the National Stonewall Democrats. He has served on the Board of Directors of the Human Rights Campaign and is currently on their public policy advisory committee. He was also the founding Chair of the Board of the Thomas Jefferson Public Policy Program here at William and Mary. In 2005 Governor Mark Warner appointed Jeff as the first openly gay Member of the Board of Visitors, a milestone only surpassed in 2011, when Jeff was made Rector.
The third recipient of the award (2011) was Gary Cowling. Gary’s life thus far could really be summarized by one of those iconic headlines you see spinning onto the screen in old B movies…“Local Boy Makes It in Big Apple.” Raised in Newport News, Gary graduated from William and Mary in 1984 with a Bachelors Degree in Theatre and Speech. He then went on to earn a Masters of Fine Arts in Acting from West Virginia University. WIth his degrees tucked under his arm and quite a bit of stage acting experience from mid-Atlantic theater companies, he headed for New York just six months after leaving WVU. Over the ensuing 25 years, Gary has painstakingly built an impressive resume and long list of theatrical credits, off Broadway, on Broadway, on Television and on the movie screen. He has earned recognition from his peers, and has displayed the kind of versatility and talent that explain why he has succeeded in one of the most competitive fields there is, particularly in the American artistic world.
But Gary’s story does not end there. Because at the same time that he was building the successful career just described, he also was dedicating his spare time over the last 20 years to a cause much greater. Gary has made the fight against AIDS and other HIV disease a major focus. As the organizer and chief cheerleader for the William and Mary Alumni Team, Gary has built that team into one of the most successful non-corporate teams that annually participate in AIDS Walk New York. In 2009, the W&M Team was honored as first place among collegiate teams in the walk. They have consistently placed in the top forty of ALL teams. And Gary, individually, has consistently placed in the top 50 — out of approximately 45,000 participants. Over the last twenty years, Team W&M has raised over one hundred and eighty six thousand dollars. | 2019-04-19T16:20:00Z | https://wmgala.wordpress.com/about/the-directors-cup/ | Porn | Business | 0.58293 |
wordpress | CO AMBER Alert, UPDATE 8/31/17. CAUTION ADVISED. Adams county. Vehicle not located per Adams County Sheriff . CO.
CO AMBER Alert, 8/31/17. CAUTION ADVISED. Adams county. Vehicle not located per Adams County Sheriff . CO.
AMBER Alert, FL, 8/10/17 Family Abduction, AMBER Alert.
Cancel.AMBER Alert. Oklahoma, statewide. Child rescued safe in TX. 8/4/17. OK AMBER Alert. Cancel. | 2019-04-22T06:28:35Z | https://missingchildrentaskforce.wordpress.com/2017/08/ | Porn | Kids | 0.880955 |
google | Memory die are provided with programmable chip enable circuitry to allow particular memory die to be disabled after packaging and/or programmable chip address circuitry to allow particular memory die to be readdressed after being packaged. In a multi-chip memory package, a memory die that fails package-level testing can be disabled and isolated from the memory package by a programmable circuit that overrides the master chip enable signal received from the controller or host device. To provide a continuous address range, one or more of the non-defective memory die can be readdressed using another programmable circuit that replaces the unique chip address provided by the pad bonding. Memory chips can also be also be readdressed after packaging independently of detecting a failed memory die.
U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/763,292, entitled “Systems for Programmable Chip Enable and Chip Address in Semiconductor Memory,” now U.S. Pat. No. 7,477,545, by Loc Tu, et al., filed concurrently.
The present disclosure relates to technology for fabricating integrated circuits such as semiconductor-based memory devices.
Semiconductor-based memory, including volatile memory such as dynamic or static random access memory and non-volatile memory such as flash memory have become more popular for use in various electronic devices. For example, non-volatile semiconductor memory is used in cellular telephones, digital cameras, personal digital assistants, mobile computing devices, non-mobile computing devices and other devices. Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), including flash EEPROM, and Electrically Programmable Read Only Memory (EPROM), are among the most popular non-volatile semiconductor memories.
As with most storage devices, semiconductor memory devices may have defective components or storage areas. For example, the individual storage elements or memory cells of a semiconductor memory array may be defective. Additionally, the peripheral circuitry for the memory array, including word lines, bit lines, decoders, etc., may be defective, rendering associated storage elements defective as well. It is inevitable in any commercially fabricated semiconductor memory device that some portion of the memory array will be defective.
Most defect management schemes rely on redundant memory cells to replace primary memory cells that are determined to be defective. During typical semiconductor memory fabrication processes such as that depicted in FIG. 1, wafer level testing 12 is conducted prior to packaging memory chips to form memory devices. A wafer can include hundreds or thousands of memory chips, each of which will include a memory array and peripheral components such as the control and logic circuits for accessing the memory cells of the array. During wafer level testing 12, the functionality of the memory chips is tested so that defective components are not needlessly integrated into a packaged device. Wafer level testing is often conducted at raised and/or lowered temperatures (e.g., 85° C. and/or −30° C.) to ensure functionality at extreme conditions and to ensure functionality after stressing the circuits. Memory cells that fail functionality testing can be replaced with redundant memory cells from the chip. Depending on the type of memory being manufactured, different redundancy schemes can be employed. For example, individual memory cells can be replaced, entire columns or bit lines of memory cells can be replaced, or entire blocks of memory cells can be replaced.
After wafer level testing 12, the wafer is divided into individual memory chips and one or more of the memory chips are packaged 14 to form a memory device. Packaged memory devices are then subjected to a burn-in process 16 to stress the memory arrays and peripheral circuitry of the chips. Burn-in is typically conducted under even higher temperatures (e.g., 125° C.) than wafer level testing. High voltages are applied at various portions of each chip to stress and identify weaker elements. The stress conditions of the burn-in process are designed to cause failure of weaker devices which can later be detected during package level testing 18. In some manufacturing processes, burn-in is not performed.
Package level testing usually consists of various functionality tests to determine which cells are defective subsequent to burn-in. In recent years, techniques such as anti-fuses have been incorporated into fabrication processes so that memory cells that are found to be defective subsequent to burn-in can be replaced by redundant memory from the memory chip.
In some instances, package level testing 18 results in the identification of entire memory chips that are defective. For instance, the number of defective memory cells of the array may exceed the redundancy capacity for the die or certain peripheral circuitry may fail, causing the die to be unusable. When this occurs, the entire memory package containing the defective die is generally unusable and rejected 20, resulting in yield losses for the manufacturing process. If the memory package contains multiple memory chips, the failure of a single die will result in a discarded package.
Memory die are provided with programmable chip enable circuitry to allow particular memory die to be isolated and disabled after packaging. In a multi-chip memory package, a memory die that fails package-level testing can be disabled and isolated from the memory package by a programmable circuit. Typically the chip enable pins of each memory die in a multi-chip package are tied together such that every chip is enabled in response to a master chip enable signal. The programmable chip enable circuitry can override the master chip enable signal received from the controller or host device. Programmable chip address circuitry is provided to allow particular memory die to be readdressed after being packaged. For instance, one or more non-defective memory die can be re-addressed using programmable circuitry that replaces the unique chip address provided by the pad bonding to provide a continuous address range. Memory chips can also be also be readdressed after packaging, independently of detecting a failed memory die.
In one embodiment, a method of manufacturing non-volatile memory includes packaging a plurality of non-volatile memory chips and a controller in a memory package, where the memory package includes a common chip enable line coupled to the controller and each of the non-volatile memory chips. The plurality of non-volatile memory chips are enabled in response to a chip enable signal provided on the common chip enable line. Testing is performed subsequent to packaging to determine whether any of the non-volatile memory chips are defective. If a memory chip is defective, it is isolated from being enabled in response to the chip enable signal.
A non-volatile memory system in one embodiment includes a multi-chip package with each chip having a plurality of non-volatile storage elements and one or more chip enable pins. The chip enable pin(s) of each memory chip is coupled to a common line. A controller is in communication with the common line and a selection a selection circuit on each memory chip is responsive to a chip enable signal provided by the controller. Each selection circuit enables its corresponding memory chip in response to the chip enable signal. A set of one or more programmable circuits on each chip is in communication with a chip enable pin and a selection circuit of the chip. The set of programmable circuits is configurable after packaging the non-volatile memory system to isolate a corresponding memory chip from being enabled in response to the chip enable signal.
Each memory chip can further include a set of one or more device select pins and one or more additional programmable circuits. The device select pins are coupled to a set of one or more pads and the additional programmable circuits are coupled between the device select pins and the selection circuit. A unique address for each of the memory chips is defined using a predetermined configuration for the set of pads as part of packaging. The selection circuit for each memory chip will compare an address received from the controller to the unique address received on the set of device select pins to determine whether the memory chip is to be selected. The unique address of a memory chip can be replaced with a different address by configuring the additional programmable circuits to provide the different address to the selection circuit of the chip in place of the address received from said the set of pads.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart describing a method of manufacturing memory according to the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary memory package.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a memory package in accordance with one embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart describing a method of manufacturing semiconductor memory according to one embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a table describing an exemplary technique for readdressing packaged memory die.
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of selection circuitry for a memory die in accordance with one embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a portion of programmable chip enable circuitry of one embodiment.
FIG. 8 is a circuitry diagram of a portion of programmable chip address circuitry of one embodiment.
FIG. 9 is a table describing an exemplary technique for readdressing memory die from multiple packages to form a package from the memory die of each smaller package.
FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a non-volatile memory system.
FIG. 11 is a top view of NAND string.
FIG. 12 is an equivalent circuitry diagram of the NAND string of FIG. 11.
FIG. 13 depicts an exemplary organization of a memory array.
FIG. 14 is a flowchart describing a method of programming non-volatile memory.
FIG. 15 is a graph depicting an exemplary distribution of threshold voltages for an array of memory cells and a technique for full-sequence programming.
FIG. 16 is a graph depicting an exemplary distribution of threshold voltages for an array of memory cells and a technique for two-pass programming when each memory cell stores data for two pages.
FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a method for reading non-volatile memory.
FIG. 18 is a flowchart of a method for reading a page of data from non-volatile memory.
FIG. 2 schematically illustrates a non-volatile memory system 100 having a number of individual memory die 102 and a controller 110. Each memory die is an integrated circuit memory chip or die mounted on a substrate or printed circuit board 104. The controller 110 is also an integrated circuit chip or die mounted on its own printed circuit board 124. The two printed circuit boards can be mounted to a third printed circuit board (not illustrated). In other implementations, the controller and memory die may be mounted on the same board.
Each memory device includes a non-volatile memory array 106 formed of individual non-volatile memory cells. The memory array can include, but is not limited to, flash memory cells arranged using architectures such as the NAND and NOR architectures. The memory die 102 each include peripheral circuitry for addressing and controlling their respective memory array. The controller 110 is included in the memory system to control memory operations between a host device and the individual memory die 102. The controller is capable of independently addressing each memory die of the system. It is not necessary that a controller be included in the memory system. For instance, some implementations may have the controller functionality handled by the host device, such as by a processor of a standard processor-based computing system. Furthermore, multiple memory die 102 may be packaged in a single package without a controller and be subsequently combined with other packages and a controller to form the memory system.
Each memory die 102 includes two sets of external pinouts or pins. A first group of pinouts 116 for each die is a group of device select pins. The device select pins provide the memory device with a unique chip address for the packaged memory system. The device select pins of each die are connected to a set of bonding pads 114 for that die. In this particular configuration, each memory die 102 has five device select pinouts 116 that are connected to five corresponding pads 114. By selectively grounding particular pads for a memory die, the memory die is configured or keyed with an address. A predetermined grounding configuration for the pads can be provided for an individual memory die to assign it a unique chip address within the package. Substrate 104 can include mounts with predetermined pad configurations. When the die are mounted to the substrate, they are thereby assigned the corresponding chip address. Each memory die will determine its address from the configuration applied to the pads. The device select pins provide the grounding configuration of the pads to the selection circuitry within the device. When the device is enabled, the selection circuitry compares addresses provided by the controller 110 with the grounding configuration to determine whether it should select and process a request.
In FIG. 2, memory device 1 is assigned the address ‘11’ assuming ground represents logical ‘0’ and an ‘x’ in the figure depicts a grounded pad. Memory device 2 is assigned address “10,” memory device 3 is assigned address “01,” and memory device 4 is assigned address “00.” Only two pads are required for addressing the four individual memory die as depicted in FIG. 2, although a total of five device select pins and grounding pads for each die are shown.
The second set of pinouts 118 are device bus pinouts for connecting each memory die to the common device bus 120. The device bus 120 is connected to controller 110 at a first end and each of the individual memory die 202 at the other. The number of device bus pinouts 118 will vary according to implementation, particularly the requirements of the corresponding bus in the system. Each memory die is connected to the common bus to receive and respond to various control and address commands issued by controller 110. Control line 122 is depicted apart from device bus 120, although in various embodiments, it may be regarded as part of the device bus 120. Control line 122 is a master chip enable line. Each memory device is generally enabled in response to a master chip enable signal provided by controller 110. In response to this chip enable signal, each device enables a set of input registers within the device. A chip or array address is passed from the controller on the device bus 120 and shifted into the registers at each device while enabled. The selection circuitry 130 in each device compares the received array address with the unique address provided by the predetermined configuration of grounding for the set of pads 114 to determine if the memory device is to be selected. If so, the control circuitry for the memory die will process the request by reading data from or writing data to the array.
As previously described, certain defects detected after packaging the memory die to form a package such as that depicted in FIG. 2 can result in a failure of the entire memory package. The device bus pinouts 118 of each memory die are tied together internally within the package. For example, the pinouts may each be connected to a common bonding pad. Once the die have been packaged together, it is not possible to physically alter the internal wiring to disconnect a bad die. Additionally, the pad bonding 114 for each memory die is fixed as of the time of packaging. The predetermined configuration of the pads is applied and the memory die connected via the device select pins as part of the packaging process. Once the die are packaged, the configuration for the fixed pad bonding cannot be altered. Thus, when a single die fails package level testing, the package fails and is usually rejected. Because the chip enable and device select pins are fixed before detecting the failure of the die, the die cannot be disabled or mapped out of the address range for the device. The package is unusable even if a single die is all that has failed.
A programmable chip enable and programmable chip address are provided for individual memory die within a non-volatile memory system to overcome such deficiencies. Failing die in multi-chip configurations are isolated when their failure is detected after packaging. Where the failing die interrupts a continuous address range for the memory system, other die within the package can be re-addressed via the programmable chip address to provide a continuous address range in spite of the failed die.
FIG. 3 illustrates schematically a non-volatile memory system 200 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The system 200 of FIG. 3 contains many of the same components as that of FIG. 2. A number of memory devices 202 are provided in a package with a controller 210. Each memory device 202 includes a first group of pins 216 connected to a corresponding set of bonding pads 214 for the die. The second set of pins or pinouts 218 are device bus pinouts for connecting each memory die to the common device bus 220. As before, each memory die is connected to the control line 222, which may regarded as part of the device bus 220, via their chip enable pin.
The control circuitry of each memory die in FIG. 3 includes a first programmable circuit 240 to replace or reprogram the unique address provided by the set of grounding pads and a second programmable circuit 242 to isolate the memory die from the master chip enable signal provided on the control line 222. Although circuits 240 and 242 are depicted apart from the corresponding selection circuitry 230 of each memory die, these circuits could be included as part of the selection circuitry. The programmable circuits each include one or more fuses or other suitable programmable circuitry to reprogram the chip enable signal and/or unique array address for the corresponding memory die.
Numerous types of programmable circuits can be used in order to store the data necessary for reprogramming the chip enable signal and/or unique address for a particular memory die. In general, some type of fuse circuitry is provided to store logic data used in programming the chip enable signal and/or chip address for the die. Because the fuse circuitry is programmed subsequent to device packaging, it should be writable in its packaged state. Anti-fuses provide a convenient means for storing logic data and are used in one embodiment. Anti-fuses have a first logical state corresponding to high resistance and a second logical state corresponding to low resistance, as opposed to the initial low resistance state of a standard fuse. In some instances, anti-fuses are written or blown using laser annealing processes or electrical processes to place the device into its lower resistance state corresponding to the second or programmed logic state. These types of anti-fuses may not be suitable for post-packaging programming as often they require direct access to the fuse and can only be incorporated into wafer level testing.
ROM fuses are especially suited for post-packaging programming as they are capable of being written to after molding and packaging processes. ROM fuses include an anti-fuse element in one of two logic states including an unprogrammed, high-resistance state or a programmed, low-resistance state. An unprogrammed anti-fuse link in a ROM array or register may have a resistance on the order of a gigaohm, and a programmed anti-fuse link may have a resistance on the order of a few hundred ohms. For programming a typical anti-fuse, a high voltage signal is applied to transfer the link from its initial high-resistance state to its programmed, low-resistance state. This serves to store a single bit of logic data. Other electrically programmable fuses may be utilized that are subject to post-packaging programming. For instance, some electrically programmable fuses utilize traditionally programmable nonvolatile memory elements to store data in logic states. Usually, electrically programmable fuses can be accessed and programmed both before after device packaging. In one embodiment that uses programmable fuses, a portion of the main array of memory cells for the memory die can be used.
Programmable chip enable circuit 242 can have a fuse or anti-fuse in an initial state that causes the chip enable signal to pass directly to the selection circuitry of the memory die. In this state the memory die operates as usual, receiving the master chip enable signal from the controller (or host device) on its chip enable pin. A second value can be set into the fuse after packaging the device to cause the chip enable signal to essentially be overridden for that particular memory die. A ROM anti-fuse (often just referred to as a ROM fuse) may be set to its low-resistance state causing an alternate signal to be provided in place of the chip enable signal provided on the device bus.
Assume that each memory die 202 is operable to be enabled by its selection circuitry in response to a low voltage or ground on the chip enable line. As illustrated in FIG. 3, the programmable chip enable circuitry is provided between the chip enable pin and selection circuitry. When the programmable circuitry is set to a second value, a high voltage can be driven at the input of the selection circuitry in place of the chip enable signal. Accordingly, the chip will not be enabled in response to the chip enable signal provided by the controller or host.
One or more fuses for programmable chip address circuitry 240 can store and provide an alternate unique address for its corresponding memory die. In FIG. 3, each unique chip address is comprised of two bits to individually address the four memory die such that two fuses can be used to assign an alternate address. A third fuse can be used to store a value indicating whether the address provided by the fuses should be used in place of the standard address from the pad bonding. For instance, a memory die chip address can be reprogrammed by programming the third fuse to cause the chip address circuitry to be activated for replacing the chip address. In response to the third fuse being set to its programmed state, the logic values stored by the first two fuses can be provided to the selection circuitry in place of the unique address provided on the device select pins from the pad bonding. A fuse in its initial state can correspond to a logic ‘0’ for example, and a fuse in its programmed state can correspond to logic ‘1.’ If the third fuse is set, the values from the first two fuses are supplied as the input to the selection circuitry in place of the pad bonded address.
A process of manufacturing non-volatile semiconductor memory devices is illustrated in FIG. 4, whereby a programmable chip enable and/or programmable chip address are utilized. Wafer level testing is performed at step 302 for a group of semiconductor wafers, each typically having a number of undivided memory array die which include the memory array and peripheral circuitry for controlling the memory array. After wafer level testing, the individual memory die of the wafers are divided and packaged at step 304. Single chip packages, multi-chip packages, both with and without controller chips can be packaged at step 304. A large variety of packaging configurations can be used. The die are typically mounted on a substrate with a conductive layer etched on one or both sides. Electrical connections are formed between the die and conductive layers(s), with the conductive layer(s) providing an electric lead structure for integration of the die into an electronic system.
As part of forming electrical connections between the die and conductive layer(s), the chip enable pins of each memory array are connected to a master chip enable line or to a common bus at step 306 to receive a chip enable signal from the controller or host device. At step 308, a predetermined configuration is applied to the set of bond pads for the device select pins of each chip, thereby assigning each chip its own unique chip address. Selected pins may be configured to grounded pads to define an address as illustrated in the example of FIG. 3. Some die are provided with bond pads on the die that can be connected to electrical leads of a leadframe, for example, to define the unique chip address. Once the electrical connections between the die and substrate are made, the assembly is typically encased in a molding compound to provide a protective package.
An optional burn-in process as previously described for FIG. 1 can be performed at step 310 to stress the package, including the memory array(s), peripheral circuitry, controller, etc. After burn-in, testing is performed on the package at step 312. Numerous types of package-level tests can be applied, including by way of example, bit and word line tests to detect faults, shorts, etc., memory cell tests for reading, writing, and data retention, peripheral circuitry tests, etc. In some embodiments, redundant memory cells are used at step 312 after packaging to replace defective memory cells, individually or by blocks or columns, etc. of individual memory die.
If no die are determined to be defective, the process is complete and the packaged device is delivered at step 316 with full capacity. If one or more memory die are defective, they can be isolated from the other memory die in the package at step 318. Step 314 can include determining if the number of defective die is manageable in one embodiment and only proceed to step 318 if the number of die can be handled by the programmable circuitry. If all the die or more than another predetermined number have failed, the package can be discarded.
Step 318 disables the defective die as previously described in one embodiment. Programmable circuitry on the memory die can override the chip enable signal provided to the die on the common device bus for the package. A ROM fuse, for example, can be programmed to a logic state designating that the die be disabled. In response, the circuitry can provide an alternate bias at the chip enable input (e.g., the chip enable pin) that overrides the chip enable signal. If the chip enable signal goes low to enable a device, the programmable circuitry can output a high voltage on the chip enable line that is internal to the die to disable the die at all times.
At step 320, it is determined whether one or more of the non-defective memory die of the chip are to be re-addressed. In some cases, the defective die is simply disabled and the memory package is provided with a corresponding reduced capacity. In other instances as are more fully described hereinafter, one or more of the non-defective memory die are re-addressed to provide a non-defective continuous address range for the memory package. For instance, if the second of a four chip memory package is disabled, chip 0 can be re-addressed with the address of chip 1 to provide a continuous address range with chips 2 and 3. If one or more die are to be re-addressed, the alternate address for the die is provided using programmable circuitry to replace the unique address provided by the pad bonding.
FIG. 5 is a table illustrating an exemplary scheme for re-addressing memory die in a four chip package. The illustrated scheme is but one example for reconfiguring the chip addresses for the memory die. In the provided example, a three chip package is not provided so at least two die are disabled even if only a single die is defective. This may be done, for example, to provide a standard sized memory package. In another example, only the single defective die is disabled and a three chip package can be provided.
If all the chips are good, no readdressing is required and the full capacity package is deliverable. If chip 3 is bad, chips 2 and 3 are isolated and the package is provided with half capacity. No chips are re-addressed as chips 0 and 1 provide a continuous address range. If chip 2 is bad, chips 2 and 3 are again isolated and no chips readdressed. If chip 1 is bad, chips 1 and 3 are isolated and chip 2 is reprogrammed with the chip address for chip 1. This provides a continuous address range corresponding to the original addresses for chips 0 and 1. If chips 1 and 3 are bad, they are isolated and chip 2 is reprogrammed with the chip address for chip 1. If chips 1 and 2 are bad, they are isolated and chip 3 is reprogrammed with the address of chip 1. If chips 1, 2, and 3 are bad, they are disabled and chip 0 retains its original address. If chip 0 is bad or if chips 0 and 3 are bad, chips 0 and 3 are disabled and chip 2 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If chips 0 and 2 are bad, they are disabled and chip 3 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If chips 0, 2 and 3 are bad, they are disabled and chip 1 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If chips 0 and 1 are bad, they are disabled and chip 2 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If chips 0, 1, and 3 are bad, they are disabled and chip 2 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If chips 0, 1, and 2 are bad, they are isolated and chip 3 is programmed with the address of chip 0. If all the chips are bad, the package is rejected.
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates selection circuitry 230 in one embodiment. In FIG. 6, the programmable circuitry is depicted as part of selection circuitry 230 although it need not be in all implementations. The selection circuitry generally includes a shift register 352, comparator 354, address match latch 356, and S-R register 358. The selection circuitry has inputs from the device select pins 216 and the device bus 220, including the chip enable line 222. The selection circuitry has an output DS to select or deselect the device (memory die) it is controlling.
Comparator 354 and address match latch 356 implement address matching for the memory die. In the example of FIG. 6, a two-bit address is shifted into shift register 352 from the serial lines S0 and S1 of device bus 220. A clocking signal is carried on control line P/D which is gate-enabled by a LOW signal on the master chip enable line 222 which is inverted by inverter 368. Master chip enable line 222 is shown as part of device bus 220 in FIG. 6. The two-bit unique chip address is then passed from the shift register 352 to the comparator 354.
With the programmable chip address circuitry in its initial state, the comparator receives the unique chip address obtained from the device select pinouts 216 as a second input. As earlier described, the address for each location within the array is defined by the grounding configuration or “key” of the bonding pads 214. By virtue of the memory die connecting to a particular mount on the board, for example, the address defined by the pads of the mount are passed onto the memory device via the device select pinouts.
The comparator compares the address received on the serial lines S0 and S1 with that obtained on the device select pins. If the addresses match, the comparator output 360 goes HIGH. This output is clocked into the address-match register 356 by the falling edge of the of the chip enable signal on the chip enable line CE 222 (connection not shown). This results in an S-R register 358 being set HIGH such that the output DS is also high and the device is selected. When the addresses do not match, DS will be LOW and the device is not selected.
Programmable chip enable circuitry 242 is utilized to isolate a particular memory die from the package. This is accomplished by isolating the die from the master chip enable line to disable the memory die so that it remains unselected. The programmable chip enable circuitry can be programmed after packaging to disable the corresponding memory die. In its initial state, the programmable chip enable circuitry will simply pass the chip enable signal received via master chip enable line 222 directly to inverter 368 to control gate 362. The selection circuitry operates in its normal mode so that the chip enable signal enables clocking signal P/D to shift the address on the serial lines S0 and S1 into the shift register 352.
If the programmable circuitry is set to a second state, the corresponding memory die is isolated from the chip enable line 222. Gate 362 is enabled by the master chip enable signal going LOW. Accordingly, the programmable circuitry can drive a HIGH signal on line 370 in place of the chip enable signal that would normally be passed thereon. In this manner, regardless of the chip enable signal provided by the host or controller on the chip enable line, the gate will remain off and the clocking signal will not enable the shift register 352 to receive the unique chip address on the serial lines S0 and S1. By disabling the input shift register 352, the corresponding memory die is disabled, and will remain so, independently of the chip enable signal.
Programmable device select circuitry 240 is utilized to reprogram the unique chip address for a particular memory die in the package. The device select input pins are connected to the programmable device select circuitry, which will pass the signals thereon directly to comparator 240 when the programmable circuitry is in its initial operating state. A first fuse can store a single bit to indicate that the chip address received on the device select pins is to be overridden. When this bit is asserted, the programmable device select circuitry provides a different unique address to comparator 354, thus overriding the chip address provided by the physical bonding. A number of fuses corresponding to the number of bits in the unique chip address are used to provide the different address. For instance, the initial resistance state of the fuse may correspond to logic ‘0’ and the programmed low-resistance state may correspond to logic ‘1,’ or vice-versa. The address fuses can be selectively conditioned to store the new chip address. The programmable circuitry will then provide this address on bus 364 to the comparator. As such, the memory die has been reprogrammed with a new unique chip address after packaging.
FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of a programmable chip enable circuit 242 in accordance with one embodiment. A ROMRD timing signal is provided as a first input to gate 402. A data signal from a ROM fuse is provided as a second input. The data signal carries a signal for a single bit of data from a ROM fuse for the circuitry. If the ROM fuse is in its initial state, the gate is not enabled in response to the timing signal. In various embodiments, the timing signal can be asserted at power up or power down, for example, to cause the data from the ROM fuse to be read. If the gate is not enabled by a programmed fuse, the gate output remains LOW and the output CE_force remains LOW. As such, the master chip enable signal is passed to the selection circuitry as described in FIG. 6.
If the ROM fuse is programmed, CE_ROM will be high when the ROMRD timing signal is issued and the output of gate 402 goes HIGH. The output of OR gate 404 goes HIGH when the output of gate 402 goes high. The HIGH value from the output of the OR gate is sampled by the flip flop 406, in response to timing signals i_RRD and o_RRD. The sampled HIGH value is then provided as output CE_force.
The output CE_force is provided to NOR gate 408 with a sampled value of the chip enable signal from the chip enable pin. An input buffer (not illustrated) can be used for the sampled value. If CE_force goes HIGH by programming the ROM fuse, the output of NOR gate 408 is LOW. The output is inverted by inverter 410 and provided as an internal chip enable signal CE_internal. The HIGH CE_internal output will be provided to inverter 368 which provides a LOW output to gate 362 (FIG. 6). Thus, the shift register 352 is disabled, resulting in a disabled memory die.
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of programmable device select circuitry 240 in one embodiment. A ROMRD timing signal and the output of a first ROM fuse (referred to as a selection fuse) are provided to gate 420. When the timing signal ROMRD goes HIGH, the data from the ROM fuse is provided to the gate. If the fuse is not programmed, the gate output remains low and the output of flip flop 424 is low. If the fuse is programmed, the output of gate 420 goes HIGH and the OR gate output 422 goes HIGH. The output CADD_SEL of flip flop 424 then goes HIGH in response to timing signals i_RRD and o_RRD.
The lower portion of the circuitry in FIG. 8 is used to select either the original chip address provided by the pad bonding or the programmed address provided by the programmable circuitry. A first multiplexer MUX1 426 receives two inputs, CADD0_ori and CADD0_ROM for the first bit of the chip address. CADD0_ori is the signal from the pad bonding for the first bit of the chip address. CADD0_ROM is the signal from a first ROM fuse for the first address bit. A second multiplexer MUX2 428 receives two inputs, CADD1_ori and CADD1_ROM for the second bit of the chip address. CADD1_ori is the signal from the pad bonding for the second bit of the chip address. CADD1_ROM is the signal from a second ROM fuse for the second address bit. If CADD_SEL is low, corresponding to an unprogrammed selection ROM fuse for the programmable device select circuitry, the original chip address is provided from the multiplexers. MUX1 provides an output CADD0 for the first bit of the chip address from the pad bonding (CADDO_ori) and MUX2 provides an output CADD1 for the second bit of the chip address from the pad bonding (CADD2_ori). If CADD_SEL is high, corresponding to a programmed selection ROM fuse, the programmed chip address from each of the ROM fuses is provided. MUX1 provides the CADD0_ROM value from the first address ROM fuse on output CADD0 and MUX2 provides the CADD1_ROM value from the second address ROM fuse on output CADD1.
The exemplary embodiment of FIGS. 6-8 utilizes a two-bit address. Accordingly, the multiplexers receive two inputs and two ROM fuses are used for a replacement chip address. If more bits are utilized for a chip address, additional ROM fuses can be used for the additional bits of the address.
It is noted that the programmable chip address may be used independently of the programmable chip enable. For instance, package level testing may reveal that a particular chip is better or has better performance characteristics than other chips. If chip0 of the package is required or desired to be “cleaner” or a better performing chip, select chips can be re-addressed. For instance, if chip 3 has particularly good characteristics, its address may be swapped with chip0's address to put the better chip at the head of the array. In such a case, no chips are disabled.
As already described, some memory systems may include multiple packages. For example, a memory card may contain two or more memory packages. FIG. 9 is a table illustrating another exemplary embodiment for readdressing select memory die to provide a continuous address range. In FIG. 9, two memory packages are being combined to form a larger memory package (e.g., memory card). Each package contains four memory array die. Each of the combined memory package combinations include at least one defective die. By combining two packages, each with defective die, a single good four-die package is provided.
If chip 3 of the first package is bad, and chips 0, 1, and 2 of the second package are bad, the two packages can be combined to form a memory package have a continuous address range made up of four memory die. Chip 3 from the first package and chips 0, 1, and 2 from the second package can be isolated as described above. Chip 3 from the second package is then reconfigured with the address of chip 3 from the first package. Some embodiments utilize separate package addresses or specific bits for the package and also internal die addresses. In this case, reconfiguring chip 3 of package 2 may only require reconfiguring the bits to designate package 1. In other cases, a more complete re-addressing may be used.
FIG. 10 is another view of a non-volatile memory system such as that depicted in FIG. 3, showing additional components as may be included in some implementations. Memory device 510 includes one or more memory die or chips 512. Memory die 512 includes a two-dimensional array of memory cells 500, control circuitry 520, and read/write circuits 530A and 530B. In one embodiment, access to the memory array 500 by the various peripheral circuits is implemented in a symmetric fashion, on opposite sides of the array, so that the densities of access lines and circuitry on each side are reduced by half. The read/write circuits 530A and 530B include multiple sense blocks 550 which allow a page of memory cells to be read or programmed in parallel. The memory array 500 is addressable by word lines via row decoders 540A and 540B and by bit lines via column decoders 542A and 542B. In a typical embodiment a controller 544 is included in the same memory device 510 (e.g., a removable storage card or package) as the one or more memory die 512. Commands and data are transferred between the host and controller 544 via lines 532 and between the controller and the one or more memory die 512 via lines 534 which can be device bus 220.
The control circuitry 520 cooperates with the read/write circuits 530A and 530B to perform memory operations on the memory array 500. The control circuitry 520 includes a state machine 522, an on-chip address decoder 524 and a power control module 526. The state machine 522 provides chip-level control of memory operations. The on-chip address decoder 524 provides an address interface between that used by the host or a memory controller to the hardware address used by the decoders 540A, 540B, 542A, and 542B. The power control module 526 controls the power and voltages supplied to the word lines and bit lines during memory operations.
Selection circuitry 230 is part of control circuitry 520 in one embodiment. The control circuitry can form a part of the state machine or can be a stand alone circuit component. As such, the programmable circuitry 240 and 242 can be included in the control circuitry and state machine as well. The control circuitry may or may not house the programmable fuse elements. For instance, dedicated ROM fuses can be provided within the control circuitry in some instances. In other cases, the actual memory array 500 can be used for the programmable elements, thus dividing the programmable circuitry between control circuitry 520 and the array.
Memory cell array 500 is organized as a NAND flash memory array in one embodiment. FIG. 11 is a top view showing an exemplary NAND string 600. FIG. 1121 is an equivalent circuit thereof. The NAND string depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12 includes transistors, 610, 612, 614, and 616, in series between a first select gate 612 and a second select gate 622. In one embodiment, transistors 610, 612, 614, and 616 each form an individual memory cell of the NAND string. In other embodiments, the memory cells of a NAND string may include multiple transistors or may be different than that depicted in FIGS. 11 and 12. The discussion herein is not limited to any particular number of memory cells in a NAND string. Select gate 612 connects the NAND string to bit line 626. Select gate 622 connects the NAND string to a common source line 628. Select gate 612 is controlled by applying the appropriate voltages to control gate 620CG via select line SGD and select gate 622 is controlled by applying the appropriate voltages to control gate 622CG via select line SGS. Each of the transistors has a control gate and a floating gate. Transistor 610 includes control gate 610CG and floating gate 610FG. Transistor 612 includes control gate 612CG and floating gate 612FG. Transistor 614 includes control gate 614CG and floating gate 614FG. Transistor 616 includes control gate 616CG and floating gate 616FG. Control gate 610CG is connected to word line WL3, control gate 612CG is connected to word line WL2, control gate 614CG is connected to word line WL1, and control gate 616CG is connected to word line WL0.
As one example shown in FIG. 13, a NAND flash EEPROM is described that is partitioned into 1,024 blocks. Each block of memory cells includes a set of bit lines forming columns and a set of word lines forming rows. Each block is typically divided into a number of pages. A page is typically a minimum unit of programming or reading, although more than one page may be programmed or read in a single operation. In another embodiment, the individual pages may be divided into segments and the segments may contain the fewest number of cells that are written at one time as a basic programming operation. One or more pages of data are typically stored in one row of memory cells. A page can store one or more sectors of data, the size of which is generally defined by a host system. A sector includes user data and overhead data. Overhead data typically includes an Error Correction Code (ECC) that has been calculated from the user data of the sector. A portion of the controller (described below) calculates the ECC when data is being programmed into the array, and also checks it when data is being read from the array. Alternatively, the ECCs and/or other overhead data are stored in different pages, or even different blocks, than those of the user data to which they pertain. A sector of user data is typically 512 bytes, corresponding to the size of a sector commonly used in magnetic disk drives. Overhead data is typically an additional 16-20 bytes. A large number of pages form a block, anywhere from 8 pages, for example, up to 32, 64 or more pages. In some embodiments, a row of NAND strings comprises a block.
FIG. 13 shows four memory cells connected in series to form a NAND string. Although four cells are shown to be included in each NAND string, more or less than four can be used (e.g., 16, 32, or another number). One terminal of the NAND string is connected to a corresponding bit line via a first select transistor or gate (connected to select gate drain line SGD), and another terminal is connected to c-source via a second select transistor (connected to select gate source line SGS). The data stored in each block can be simultaneously erased. In each block of the example in FIG. 13 there are 8,512 columns that are divided into even columns and odd columns. The bit lines are divided into even bit lines (BLe) and odd bit lines (BLo). In an odd/even bit line architecture, memory cells along a common word line and connected to the odd bit lines are programmed at one time, while memory cells along a common word line and connected to even bit lines are programmed at another time. Therefore, 532 bytes of data can be read or programmed simultaneously. These 532 bytes of data that are simultaneously read or programmed form a logical page. Therefore, in this example, one block can store at least eight pages. When each memory cell stores two bits of data (e.g. a multi-level cell), one block stores 16 pages. Other sized blocks and pages can also be used with embodiments.
In other embodiments, the bit lines are not divided into odd and even bit lines. Such architectures are commonly referred to as all bit line architectures. In an all bit line architecture, all the bit lines of a block are simultaneously selected during read and program operations. Memory cells along a common word line and connected to any bit line are programmed at the same time. In other embodiments, the bit lines or block can be broken up into other groupings (e.g., left and right, more than two groupings, etc.).
When programming a memory cell in one example, the drain and the p-well receive 0V while the control gate receives a series of programming pulses with increasing magnitudes. In one embodiment, the magnitudes of the pulses in the series range from 12V to 24V. In other embodiments, the range of pulses in the series can be different, for example, having a starting level of higher than 12V. During programming of memory cells, verify operations are carried out in the periods between the programming pulses. That is, the programming level of each cell of a group of cells being programmed in parallel is read between each programming pulse to determine whether or not it has reached or exceeded a verify level to which it is being programmed. One means of verifying the programming is to test conduction at a specific compare point. The cells that are verified to be sufficiently programmed are locked out, for example in NAND cells, by raising the bit line voltage from 0 to VDD (e.g., 1.8V-3.3V) for all subsequent programming pulses to terminate the programming process for those cells. In some cases, the number of pulses will be limited (e.g. 20 pulses) and if a given memory cell is not sufficiently programmed by the last pulse, an error is assumed. In some implementations, memory cells are erased (in blocks or other units) prior to programming.
FIG. 14 is a flow chart describing one embodiment of a method for programming non-volatile memory. The memory cells to be programmed are erased at step 700. Step 700 can include erasing more memory cells than those to be programmed (e.g., in blocks or other units). At step 702, soft programming is performed to narrow the distribution of erased threshold voltages for the erased memory cells. Some memory cells may be in a deeper erased state than necessary as a result of the erase process. Soft programming can apply small programming pulses to move the threshold voltage of the erased memory cells closer to the erase verify level. At step 704, a “data load” command is issued by controller 544 and input to control circuitry 520, allowing data to be input to a data input/output buffer. The input data is recognized as a command and latched by state machine 522 via a command latch signal, not illustrated, input to control circuitry 520. At step 706, address data designating the page address is input to row controllers or decoders 540A and 540B from the controller or host. The input data is recognized as the page address and latched via state machine 522, affected by the address latch signal input to the control circuitry. At step 708, a page of program data for the addressed page is input to a data input/output buffer for programming. For example, 532 bytes of data could be input in one embodiment. That data is latched in the appropriate registers for the selected bit lines. In some embodiments, the data is also latched in a second register for the selected bit lines to be used for verify operations. At step 710, a “program” command is issued by the controller and input to the data input/output buffer. The command is latched by state machine 522 via the command latch signal input to the control circuitry.
Triggered by the “program” command, the data latched in step 708 will be programmed into the selected memory cells controlled by state machine 522 using a stepped pulse program voltage signal applied to the appropriate word line. At step 712, VPGM, the programming pulse voltage level applied to the selected word line, is initialized to the starting pulse (e.g., 12V) and a program counter PC maintained by state machine 522 is initialized at 0. At step 714, the first VPGM pulse is applied to the selected word line. If logic “0” is stored in a particular data latch indicating that the corresponding memory cell should be programmed, then the corresponding bit line is grounded. On the other hand, if logic “1” is stored in the particular latch indicating that the corresponding memory cell should remain in its current data state, then the corresponding bit line is connected to VDD to inhibit programming.
At step 716, the states of the selected memory cells are verified. If it is detected that the target threshold voltage of a selected cell has reached the appropriate level, then the data stored in the corresponding data latch is changed to a logic “1.” If it is detected that the threshold voltage has not reached the appropriate level, the data stored in the corresponding data latch is not changed. In this manner, a bit line having a logic “1” stored in its corresponding data latch does not need to be programmed. When all of the data latches are storing logic “1,” the state machine knows that all selected cells have been programmed. At step 718, it is checked whether all of the data latches are storing logic “1.” If so, the programming process is complete and successful because all selected memory cells were programmed and verified to their target states. A status of “PASS” is reported at step 720. Note that in some embodiments, at step 718, not all data latches have to store a logic “1.” It can be sufficient if at least a predetermined number of data latches store a logic “1.” Data latches that still store a logic “0” are associated with cells that are not yet programmed (slow programming cells) or with defective cells. A limited number of insufficiently programmed cells or defective cells can be tolerated as during subsequent read operations, error correction (ECC) can be applied to correct the corrupted data associated with the slow programming or defective memory cells.
If, at step 718, it is determined that not all of the data latches are storing logic “1,” then the programming process continues. At step 722, the program counter PC is checked against a program limit value. One example of a program limit value is 20, however, other values can be used. If the program counter PC is not less than 20, then it is determined at step 724 whether the number of cells that have not been successfully programmed is equal to or less than a predetermined number. If the number of unsuccessfully programmed bits is equal to or less than the predetermined number, then the programming process is flagged as passed and a status of pass is reported at step 726. The bits that are not successfully programmed can be corrected using error correction during the read process. If however, the number of unsuccessfully programmed bits is greater than the predetermined number, the program process is flagged as failed and a status of fail is reported at step 728. If the program counter PC is less than 20, then the VPGM level is increased by the step size and the program counter PC is incremented at step 730. After step 730, the process loops back to step 714 to apply the next VPGM pulse.
The flowchart of FIG. 14 depicts a single-pass programming method as can be applied for binary storage. In a two-pass programming method as can be applied for multi-level storage, for example, multiple programming or verification steps may be used in a single iteration of the flowchart. Steps 712-730 may be performed for each pass of the programming operation. In a first pass, one or more program pulses may be applied and the results thereof verified to determine if a cell is in the appropriate intermediate state. In a second pass, one or more program pulses may be applied and the results thereof verified to determine if the cell is in the appropriate final state.
At the end of a successful program process, the threshold voltages of the memory cells should be within one or more distributions of threshold voltages for programmed memory cells or within a distribution of threshold voltages for erased memory cells, as appropriate. FIG. 15 illustrates threshold voltage distributions for the memory cell array when each memory cell stores two bits of data. FIG. 15 shows a first threshold voltage distribution E for erased memory cells. Three threshold voltage distributions, A, B and C for programmed memory cells, are also depicted. In one embodiment, the threshold voltages in the E distribution are negative and the threshold voltages in the A, B and C distributions are positive.
Each distinct threshold voltage range of FIG. 15 corresponds to predetermined values for the set of data bits. The specific relationship between the data programmed into the memory cell and the threshold voltage levels of the cell depends upon the data encoding scheme adopted for the cells. In one embodiment, data values are assigned to the threshold voltage ranges using a Gray code assignment so that if the threshold voltage of a floating gate erroneously shifts to its neighboring physical state, only one bit will be affected. One example assigns “11” to threshold voltage range E (state E), “10” to threshold voltage range A (state A), “00” to threshold voltage range B (state B) and “01” to threshold voltage range C (state C). However, in other embodiments, Gray code is not used. Although FIG. 15 shows four states, the present invention can also be used with other multi-state structures including those that include more or less than four states.
FIG. 15 also shows three read reference voltages, Vra, Vrb and Vrc, for reading data from memory cells. By testing whether the threshold voltage of a given memory cell is above or below Vra, Vrb and Vrc, the system can determine what state the memory cell is in. FIG. 15 also shows three verify reference voltages, Vva, Vvb and Vvc. When programming memory cells to state A, the system will test whether those memory cells have a threshold voltage greater than or equal to Vva. When programming memory cells to state B, the system will test whether the memory cells have threshold voltages greater than or equal to Vvb. When programming memory cells to state C, the system will determine whether memory cells have their threshold voltage greater than or equal to Vvc.
In one embodiment as depicted in FIG. 15, known as full sequence programming, memory cells can be programmed from the erase state E directly to any of the programmed states A, B or C. For example, a population of memory cells to be programmed may first be erased so that all memory cells in the population are in erased state E. The process depicted in FIG. 15, will then be used to program memory cells directly into states A, B or C. While some memory cells are being programmed from state E to state A, other memory cells are being programmed from state E to state B and/or from state E to state C. In such embodiments, both bits coded for a particular memory state of a memory cell can be regarded as part of a single page of data.
FIG. 16 illustrates an example of a two-pass technique of programming a multi-state memory cell that stores data for two different pages: a lower page and an upper page. Four states are depicted: state E (11), state A (10), state B (00) and state C (01). For state E, both pages store a “1.” For state A, the lower page stores a “0” and the upper page stores a “1.” For state B, both pages store “0.” For state C, the lower page stores “1” and the upper page stores “0.” Note that although specific bit patterns have been assigned to each of the states, different bit patterns may also be assigned. In a first programming pass, the cell's threshold voltage level is set according to the bit to be programmed into the lower logical page. If that bit is a logic “1,” the threshold voltage is not changed since it is in the appropriate state as a result of having been earlier erased. However, if the bit to be programmed is a logic “0,” the threshold level of the cell is increased to be state A, as shown by arrow 750. That concludes the first programming pass.
In a second programming pass, the cell's threshold voltage level is set according to the bit being programmed into the upper logical page. If the upper logical page bit is to store a logic “1,” then no programming occurs since the cell is in one of the states E or A, depending upon the programming of the lower page bit, both of which carry an upper page bit of “1.” If the upper page bit is to be a logic “0,” then the threshold voltage is shifted. If the first pass resulted in the cell remaining in the erased state E, then in the second phase the cell is programmed so that the threshold voltage is increased to be within state C, as depicted by arrow 754. If the cell had been programmed into state A as a result of the first programming pass, then the memory cell is further programmed in the second pass so that the threshold voltage is increased to be within state B, as depicted by arrow 752. The result of the second pass is to program the cell into the state designated to store a logic “0” for the upper page without changing the data for the lower page. There are many ways to measure the conduction current of a memory cell during a read or verify operation. In the above example, the conduction current of the selected memory cell allows (or fails to allow) the NAND string that included the selected memory cell to discharge the bit line. The voltage on the bit line is measured after a period of time to determine whether it has been discharged or not. In another example, the conduction current of a memory cell is measured by the rate it discharges a dedicated capacitor in the sense amplifier.
FIG. 17 is a flow chart describing one embodiment for reading data from non-volatile memory cells. FIG. 17 provides the read process at the system level. At step 802, a read operation is performed for a particular page in response to a request to read data received at step 800. In one embodiment, when data for a page is programmed, the system will also create Error Correction Codes (ECCs) and write those ECCs with the page of data. ECC technologies are well known in the art. The ECC process used can include any suitable ECC process known in the art. When reading data from a page, the ECCs will be used to determine whether there are any errors in the data (step 804). The ECC process can be performed on the controller, the state machine or elsewhere in the system. If there are no errors in the data, the data is reported to the user at step 806. If an error is found at step 804, it is determined whether the error is correctable at step 808. The error may be due to the floating gate to floating gate coupling effect or possibly to other physical mechanisms. Various ECC methods have the ability to correct a predetermined number of errors in a set of data. If the ECC process can correct the data, then the ECC process is used to correct that data at step 810 and the data, as corrected, is reported to the user in step 812. If the data is not correctable by the ECC process, a data recovery process is performed in step 814. In some embodiments, an ECC process will be performed after step 814. After the data is recovered, that data is reported at step 816. Note that the process of FIG. 16 can be used with data programmed using all bit line programming or odd/even bit line programming.
FIG. 18 is a flow chart describing one embodiment of a process for performing a read operation for a page. The process of FIG. 18 can be performed for a page that encompasses all bit lines of a block, only odd bit lines of a block, only even bit lines of a block, or other subsets of bit lines of a block. In step 850, read reference voltage Vra is applied to the appropriate word line associated with the page. In step 852 the bit lines associated with the page are sensed to determine whether the addressed memory cells conduct or do not conduct based on the application of Vra to their control gates. Bit lines that conduct indicate that the memory cells were turned on; therefore, the threshold voltages of those memory cells are below Vra (e.g., in state E). In step 854 the result of the sensing for the bit lines is stored in the appropriate latches for those bit lines. In step 856, read reference voltage Vrb is applied to the word lines associated with the page being read. In step 858, the bit lines are sensed as described above. In step 860, the results are stored in the appropriate latches for the bit lines. In step 862, read reference voltage Vrc is applied to the word lines associated with the page. In step 864, the bit lines are sensed to determine which memory cells conduct, as described above. In step 866, the results from the sensing step are stored in the appropriate latches for the bit lines. In step 868, the data values for each bit line are determined. For example, if a memory cell conducts at Vra, then the memory cell is in state E. If a memory cell conducts at Vrb and Vrc but not at Vra, then the memory cell is in state A. If the memory cell conducts at Vrc but not at Vra and Vrb, then the memory cell is in state B. If the memory cell does not conduct at Vra, Vrb or Vrc, then the memory cell is in state C. In other embodiments, sensing the various levels (Vra, Vrb, and Vrc) may occur in different orders.
Different numbers of reference read voltages may need to be applied in various embodiments based on the coding and/or architecture employed. For example, when an upper page/lower page architecture is employed, an upper page read may be accomplished simply by using the Vrb read reference voltage level to determine whether a memory cell is in one of states E and A (upper page bit=1) or in one of states B and C (upper page bit=0). A lower page read may be accomplished by using the Vra and Vrc read reference voltage levels to determine whether a memory cell is in one of states E and C (lower page bit=1) or one of states A and B (lower page bit=0).
Although NAND type flash memory has been principally described for exemplary purposes, the present disclosure is not so limited and has application to numerous types of integrated circuits. In principle, embodiments can be used in any type of circuit including addressable die. Other embodiments may include NOR type flash memory and volatile memories such as SRAM and DRAM. Moreover, the foregoing detailed description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings. The described embodiments were chosen in order to best explain the principles of the invention and its practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best utilize the invention in various embodiments and with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto.
isolating a particular memory chip of said plurality from being enabled in response to said chip enable signal if said particular memory chip is determined to be defective during said determining, said isolating said particular memory chip includes programming said one or more programmable circuits to override said chip enable signal.
isolating said particular memory chip comprises overriding said chip enable signal for said particular memory chip.
programming said one or more programmable circuits to override said chip enable signal includes programming said one or more programmable circuits to provide a substantially constant bias to said selection circuit from said chip enable pin independently of said chip enable signal.
said method further comprises defining a unique address for each of said memory chips using a predetermined configuration for said set of one or more pads, said selection circuit for each memory chip compares an address received from said controller to said unique address received on said set of one or more device select pins to determine whether said each memory chip is to be selected.
said method further comprises replacing said unique address of a second memory chip with a different address if said particular memory chip is determined to be defective, said replacing includes configuring said one or more second programmable circuits for said second memory chip to provide said different address to said selection circuit of said second memory chip in place of said unique address received from said set of pads via said one or more device select pins.
programming one or more fuses to define said different address, said different address is provided to said selection circuit from said one or more fuses and overrides said unique address received from said set of pads.
said one or more first programmable circuits are one or more fuses.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein said one or more fuses include at least one of an anti-fuse, a laser fuse, and an electrically blowable fuse.
each of said memory chips includes a non-volatile NAND memory array.
for each of said memory chips determined to be defective, programming said one or more programmable circuits to override a chip enable signal received on said chip enable pin from said controller.
said selection circuit of each memory chip receives said unique address from said set of device pins and compares said unique address with an address received from said controller to determine if said each memory chip is to be selected.
said method further comprises programming said one or more second programmable circuits for a first non-defective memory chip of said plurality in response to a determination that a second memory chip of said plurality is defective, said programming includes programming said one or more second programmable circuits with a different address for said first non-defective memory chip, said different address is provided from said one or more second programmable circuits to said selection circuit for said first non-defective memory chip to replace said unique address defined by said predetermined configuration of said set of pads coupled to said set of device pins for said first non-defective memory chip.
said different address for said first non-defective memory chip is said unique address defined by said predetermined configuration of said set of pads for said second memory chip.
providing a first memory chip of said plurality with a different address after packaging said chips and said controller in said package by configuring said one or more programmable circuits to store said different address, said different address is provided from said one or more programmable circuits to said selection circuit of said first memory chip in place of said unique address from said set of pads.
if a particular memory chip of said plurality is defective, disabling said particular memory chip and providing a first non-defective memory chip with a different address after packaging said chips and said controller in said package.
providing said package with a reduced storage capacity.
17. The method of claim 15, wherein said disabling comprises disabling said particular memory chip after packaging said chips and said controller in said package such that a corresponding selection circuit for said particular memory chip does not enable said particular memory chip in response to said chip enable signal.
said disabling said particular memory chip comprises programming said one or more first programmable circuits of said particular memory chip to isolate said particular memory chip from said common selection line by overriding said chip enable signal when received on said chip enable pin.
said one or more first programmable circuits of said particular memory chip overrides said chip enable signal by providing a substantially constant bias to said selection circuit of said particular memory chip in place of signals received on said chip enable pin.
said providing said first non-defective memory chip with a different address includes programming said one or more second programmable circuits for said first non-defective memory with said different address to be provided to said selection circuit for said second memory chip in place of said unique address defined by said set of one or more pads.
International Search Report & The Written Opinion of the International Searching Authority, Patent Cooperation Treaty, Application No. PCT/US2008/066111 filed on Jun. 6, 2008, Aug. 21, 2008.
Notice of Allowance and Fee(s) Due, United States Patent & Trademark Office, U.S. Appl. No. 11/763,292, filed Jun. 14, 2007, Oct. 8, 2008.
U.S. Appl. No. 11/763,292, filed Jun. 14, 2007. | 2019-04-24T08:36:17Z | https://patents.google.com/patent/US7715255B2/en | Porn | Business | 0.18173 |
wordpress | Our Mission as Christians Is….?
Society has taken a nosedive into greater and greater evil, debauchery, violence, and corruption, and outside the church, the landscape seems filled with “modern barbarians.” The temptation is strong for believers to jump into the cultural fray as self-righteous social/political reformers and condescending moralizers… Our duty as we relate to an increasingly secular and ungodly culture is not to lobby for certain rights, the implementation of a Christian agenda, or the reformation of the government. Rather, God would have us continually to remember Paul’s instructions to Titus and live them out as we seek to demonstrate His power and grace that can regenerate sinners. Changing people’s hearts one individual at a time is the only way to bring meaningful, lasting change to our communities, our nation, and even the whole world.
A politicized faith not only blurs our priorities, but weakens our loyalties. Our primary citizenship is not on earth but in heaven. … Though few evangelicals would deny this truth in theory, the language of our spiritual citizenship frequently gets wrapped in the red, white and blue. Rather than acting as resident aliens of a heavenly kingdom, too often we sound [and act] like resident apologists for a Christian America. … Unless we reject the false reliance on the illusion of Christian America, evangelicalism will continue to distort the gospel and thwart a genuine biblical identity….. American evangelicalism is now covered by layers and layers of historically shaped attitudes that obscure our original biblical core.
A few years ago on personal retreat at a cabin I set out to catch some moles in the garden of my heart. I was not at rest going into that beautiful cabin with a warm and raging fireplace. I was anxious and unsure what God was doing in me and through me. After a couple days of digging I sensed the Holy Spirit setting a new agenda for me to live into. This new agenda was concerning my own humility or lack of. Inspired by Peter Scazzaro and Henri Nowen’s writing’s the following was what I wrote down in my journal. New tracks were being layed down for my character; humility does not come naturally so it must be an intentional pursuit. I revisit this journal entry quite often to refresh my focus on pursuing humility.
1 – Recalibrate under God’s acceptance more than seeking acceptance from others – I’ve often felt the pull to be measured and valued by my skill level, my charm, the strength of my knowledge, my accomplishments and whether people agree with me. My Application: In response I will massage into my life a rhythm of solitude and space where I intentionally seek to be still, recalibrate with God, vent, and listen to what He says about me. I don’t study in these times. I purpose to sit still for a long period of time. Once a year I go to a monastery to have a few extra days to reclaim my emotional status before God. To be honest this is a gear grinding discipline for me since I’m an ADD type dude.
2 – Live in transparency and authenticity – I’ve noticed if I keep enough space people begin to idolize me and assume I’m a spiritual giant without doubts, fears, honest struggle and insecurities (this is one of the reasons we won’t podcast our sermons at Axiom). My Application: Be more regular in my teaching and counseling to mix in “this is how I’ve blown it”. In my closest relationships initiate sharing my present fears, doubts, struggles and discouragements even if for a moment that someone thinks I’m a weaker pastor because of it.
3 – Be willing to subject myself to authority – I’m a rebel by nature so I’d rather be independent. My Application: seek to submit to someone even if you don’t agree with everything they are about.
4 – Don’t injure those who inflict harm on you – The drive to retaliate in some way is in all of us, it feels powerful. I do this by talking slightly negative about someone who has wronged me. The last thing I want in my soul is bitterness that creates a cynical, disillusioned outlook on life.My Application: I’ve embraced a life principle of not seeking justice for the ways in which people treat me but only for the injustices done to another. This one frustrates my wife sometimes. She says “I wish you would defend yourself.” Thomas Aquinas said “To desire the good of another” was the definition of loving our enemies.
6 – Be deeply aware of being chief of all sinners – After 15 years of successful ministry, a healthy marriage and family and 100’s of hours of study it is a serious temptation to compare myself to the brokenness in others and think “I’ve got a lot over them.” My Application: Reflect concretely; reciting my sins, secret motives, ugly thoughts and heartless dispositions before God by writing them down in my journal to see them.
8. Lean into conflict instead shying away from it. – When someone in my community has a problem with me sometimes it makes me nauseous other times it make me defensive. I’ve found that self-righteousness and arrogance breeds in me when I avoid a person who has hurt me.My Application: Don’t let the awkwardness linger. Don’t wallow in self pity and don’t allow myself the lazy space to mentally rip them apart. Seek out a cup of coffee with that someone who I think has a problem with me. Ask them point blank “have I done something to offend you?”.
Some stuff I’ll be working on for a long time.
We do not have an exhaustive list of gifts of the the Spirit in the Bible, but we do have a lot of them. These gifts are sovereignly distributed by the Spirit for the common good and edification of the church. When each member is working properly, the body grows and is built up in love.
When the Holy Spirit intends a person with the gift of giving to be useful in the church, what does it say about us? We are in deep need of the generous benevolence of others, and God is intentional about providing that financial or practical through others.
When the Holy Spirit intends a person with the gift of exhortation to be useful in the church, what does it say about us? We are in deep need of encouragement and proper motivation, and God is intentional about providing people in our lives to stir our hearts and direct our steps in paths that honor God.
This is another significant reason for being a covenant member of a local church and meaningful participant in gospel community. As a needy person, you will feel tempted to address those needs through unspiritual means. But when you understand how God ordered the church, you know that God intends that each member would “have the same care for one another” (1 Cor. 12:25).
Lone-ranger Christians are at best disobedient and dysfunctional. They are disobedient because numerous commands of Scripture require us to be in regular contact with other believers (“one another” commands). They are dysfunctional because the needs they have are not being met by the God-ordained means of gifts of the Holy Spirit through each member of His body. Perhaps what exists behind of this is a denial of neediness–a determination of making it by self-determination and independence. Sadly, this state of existence is far too common in the church today.
God knows what we need before we ask Him. God has made provision through the distribution of the Spirit’s gifts through the work of ministry when each member is equipped and working properly. As we have our needs met through the ministry of others, we are also meeting the needs of others by the gifts given to us for their good.
What’s the importance of church?
And, part of that is true. In fact, the entire purpose of creation is to glorify God…to worship. The idea, however that we don’t need church is in error.
We are designed for fellowship – God designed us in His relational image. We are to love one another. Church was designed for that purpose. The Bible says we are to bear with one another and even encourages us to meet together (Hebrews 10:24). Part of our maturing as followers of Christ is to gather frequently with other believers. The best term I know for when that happens is church.
We need each other – In addition to caring for one another, we are commanded to look out for one another’s spiritual we’ll-being. (Galatians 6) We draw strength from each other. The church is a body of believers designed to work together to make each member and the whole body stronger. When we meet together , and fellowship with each other, we learn each other, observe each other and challenge and encourage each other. Iron really does sharpen iron. God intended it to be that way. If you don’t need help now you may feel you don’t need the church, but God may want you there to help others. One day the person needing accountability and strengthening will be you.
We are God’s children – Until my boys left home, and one of them got married, I never realized how much I would miss them when they were gone. I’ve also learned how much I enjoy when we are all together again. Each Christmas night we have a family tradition. We go to Waffle House. This year the 5 of us laughed and talked and celebrated the best part of my Christmas. When all the children were together again. God loves when His children get together. We get to do that on Sundays, all around the world. We call it church.
That’s part of my reasoning.
Be honest, do you look forward to church or does it feel like an obligation? What’s your reasoning?
Is our church full of hypocrites?
About thirty years ago, my close friend and colleague, Archie Parrish, who at that time led the Evangelism Explosion (EE) program in Fort Lauderdale, came to me with a request. He indicated that on the thousands of evangelistic visits the EE teams made, they kept a record of responses people made to discussions of the gospel. They collated the most frequent questions and objections people raised about the Christian faith and grouped these inquiries or objections into the ten most frequently encountered. Dr. Parrish asked if I would write a book answering those objections for evangelists to use in their outreach. That effort resulted in my book Objections Answered, now called Reason to Believe. Among the top ten objections raised was the objection that the church is filled with hypocrites. At that point in time, Dr. D. James Kennedy responded to this objection by replying, “Well, there’s always room for one more.” He cautioned people that if they found a perfect church, they ought not to join it, since that would ruin it.
The term hypocrite came from the world of Greek drama. It was used to describe the masks that the players used to dramatize certain roles. Even today, the theatre is symbolized by the twin masks of comedy and tragedy. In antiquity, certain players played more than one role, and they indicated their role by holding a mask in front of their face. That’s the origin of the concept of hypocrisy.
But the charge that the church is full of hypocrites is manifestly false. Though no Christian achieves the full measure of sanctification in this life, that we all struggle with ongoing sin does not justly yield the verdict of hypocrisy. A hypocrite is someone who does things he claims he does not do. Outside observers of the Christian church see people who profess to be Christians and observe that they sin. Since they see sin in the lives of Christians, they rush to the judgment that therefore these people are hypocrites. If a person claims to be without sin and then demonstrates sin, surely that person is a hypocrite. But for a Christian simply to demonstrate that he is a sinner does not convict him of hypocrisy.
The inverted logic goes something like this: All hypocrites are sinners. John is a sinner; therefore, John is a hypocrite. Anyone who knows the laws of logic knows that this syllogism is not valid. If we would simply change the charge from “the church is full of hypocrites” to “the church is full of sinners,” we would be quick to plead guilty. The church is the only institution I know of that requires an admission of being a sinner in order to be a member. The church is filled with sinners because the church is the place where sinners who confess their sins come to find redemption from their sins. So in this sense, simply because the church is filled with sinners does not justify the conclusion that the church is filled with hypocrites. Again, all hypocrisy is sin, but not all sin is the sin of hypocrisy.
When we look at the problem of hypocrisy in the New Testament era, we see it most clearly displayed in the lives of those who claimed to be the most righteous. The Pharisees were a group of people who by definition saw themselves as separated from the normal sinfulness of the masses. They began well, seeking a life of devoted godliness and submission to the law of God. However, when their behavior failed to reach their ideals, they began to engage in pretense. They pretended they were more righteous than they were. They gave an outward facade of righteousness, which merely served to conceal a radical corruption in their lives.
Though the church is not filled with hypocrites, there is no denying that hypocrisy is a sin that is not limited or restricted to New Testament Pharisees. It is a sin with which Christians must grapple. A high standard of spiritual and righteous behavior has been set for the church. We often are embarrassed by our failures to reach these high goals and are inclined to pretend that we have reached a higher plateau of righteousness than we’ve actually attained. When we do that, we put on the mask of the hypocrite and come under the judgment of God for that particular sin. When we find ourselves enmeshed in this type of pretense, an alarm bell should go off in our brains that we need to rush back to the cross and to Christ and to understand where our true righteousness resides. We have to find in Christ, not a mask that conceals our face, but an entire wardrobe of clothing, which is His righteousness. Indeed, it is only under the guise of the righteousness of Christ, received by faith, that any of us can ever have a hope of standing before a holy God. To wear the garments of Christ in faith is not an act of hypocrisy. It is an act of redemption. | 2019-04-23T04:00:38Z | https://llamapacker.wordpress.com/2012/02/ | Porn | Reference | 0.097624 |
yahoo | A reported $60 million worth of Ronaldo jerseys were sold amounting to almost half his transfer fee, in a span of 24 hours. Juventus (JUVE) stock jumped over 4 percent.
Juventus has been the most valuable football club in Italy since 2014. In June 2018, Forbes reported that Juventus’ team value was $1.47 billion. That number is expected to increase now with the addition of arguably the greatest player of his generation.
But how much value does 33-year-old Ronaldo truly add?
Juventus will only receive a fraction from the reported jersey sales, due to the fact that jersey manufacturers receive most of the revenue and clubs get a royalty. And when asked to comment on Ronaldo’s jersey sales, a Juventus spokeswoman told Yahoo Finance that the reported number of 520,000 jerseys was “incorrect” but would not elaborate any further.
While it’s hard to quantify the value of the Ronaldo signing, there are indications that it will be substantial.
Not all observers agree. Yahoo soccer columnist and sports lecturer Leander Schaerlaeckens doesn’t think that the Ronaldo deal makes sense.
Schaerlaeckens noted that because of the Union of European Football Association (UEFA)’s Financial Fair Play Regulations, Juventus will have to break even due to the amount of money the team spent signing the player. To offset the expenditure, Schaerlaeckens asserted, Juventus will have to sell off other players.
“The only real room for financial growth is with potential prize money and international sponsorship, which can be hard to rely on,” he said.
Juventus has won the Coppa Italia, the country’s top tournament, every year since 2015. In the UEFA Champions League, Europe’s elite competition, Juventus reached the finals in 2016-17 and the quarterfinals this year. Both times the club lost to Real Madrid — Ronaldo’s old team.
Ronaldo has scored 658 goals for his club and country during his 17-year career and is the all-time leading scorer in the Champions League.
All signs suggest that Ronaldo will at least sell tons of tickets (in addition to jerseys). In 2007, economists published a 9-year study of all the clubs in the first German soccer league to analyze star attraction on ticket sales. They found that superstars, compared to local heroes, enhance attendance both at home and abroad (on top of boosting popularity).
And while there is a direct economic value that will likely pay for his massive contract eventually, Carter stressed that the most significant impact will be the elevation of the Juventus brand going forward. | 2019-04-22T02:31:48Z | https://sg.news.yahoo.com/33-year-old-ronaldo-worth-129-million-juventus-110959146.html | Porn | Sports | 0.880161 |
wordpress | Published at 3544 × 2590 in Does going to church make you a Christian?
Posted on March 24, 2012. Bookmark the permalink. 2 Comments.
I went to look for an image for the quote, “Your beliefs don’t make you a better person, your behavior does.” and I came across your page, clicked, and saw this chapel. I knew it. I had to click and look closer. It is the Chapel in the Woods in Waupaca, WI at the Red Mill on the Crystal River. I have used several pictures of it during the different seasons for my screen and FB page. It is one of my favorite spots on this earth. I have been going since birth, and I was actually married there in 98. That didn’t last. I still go and visit, and it still remains one of the best places on earth. I am happy to have stumbled across your image of it.
So glad you recognized it! We travel quite a bit on our motorcycles, looking for great “out of the way” scenery, and we came across this a couple of years ago. Thanx for the comment! It always means allot to us when we post pics that are recognizable to others…. | 2019-04-23T20:49:58Z | https://jillcards.wordpress.com/2012/03/24/does-going-to-church-make-you-a-christian/chapel/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.955059 |
typepad | bunny BISOUS: Au Revoir, Paris!
I apologize for my lack of Parisian blogs lately-- on account of the sketchy internet access that I encountered while in France -- but I will begin blogging on the daily ASAP!
In the meantime check out my latest check-in* with Colette at papermag!
PS: Did you miss the first Colette update? Fear not!
Hi there! Those biscuits are really good! | 2019-04-20T13:24:14Z | https://julialapin.typepad.com/bunnybisous/2008/07/au-revoir-paris.html | Porn | News | 0.501876 |
wordpress | So he returned to what he was saying, and increased (his insults), so the dog jumped on him again, seized his throat and ripped it out, and he died immediately.
Ad-Durarul Kaaminah, Vol 3, Page 128-129. Printed by Dar Al-Jeel, Beirut.
Such is the love for Rasoolullaah Sallallaahu `Alayhi Wa Sallam by dogs and other animals, that they cannot bear to have Rasoolullaah Sallallaahu `Alayhi Wa Sallam insulted while they sit still and do nothing. While today people make all sorts of baatil statements such as “Leave them, Islaam believes in freedom of speech” and “They shouldn’t be killed for insults though” and other such nonsensical statements.
And what a blessed action it was of this dog, that as a result Allaah guided 40,000 people to Islaam.
So do not ever get mislead into thinking that by “turning the other cheek” you will be able to guide more people to Islaam, because it is Allaah who guides, not us.
May Allaah grant us all the understanding. | 2019-04-21T06:52:36Z | https://darulilm.wordpress.com/2015/01/ | Porn | Reference | 0.922668 |
adultwebmasters | NORTH HOLLYWOOD, Calif.—Doc Johnson, a mega manufacturer of pleasure products, has promoted Private Label Executive Cheryl Hanslip to the position of director of product development. “Cheryl has been a key member of the Doc Johnson development team and we are delighted to recognize her efforts, success and commitment to growing our brand,” said Doc Johnson COO/CCO, Chad Braverman in announcing the appointment. “Cheryl’s wealth of experience and understanding of the industry, as well as her extensive knowledge of all aspects of the development process, will help ensure we build on the success and reputation we have already achieved across the globe.” Hanslip joined the Doc Johnson team in 2011 to head up the private label department and to oversee special projects. Cheryl has more than 15 years of experience in the pleasure product industry, with an emphasis on product development and private label. Traveling worldwide since her youth has given Cheryl a well-rounded global eye and a unique talent for seeing developing trends, which has allowed Doc Johnson to consistently develop in-demand, popular products. "I am excited about my new role and the additional responsibility that will come along with it," said Hanslip. "Due to our commitment to excellence and exceptional manufacturing processes, Doc Johnson has earned a leadership position in our industry and I look forward to helping us maintain this high level of development as our company continues to grow." For further information on Doc Johnson products, as well as catalogs and supplements, marketing materials such as posters, signage and plan-o-grams, visit Doc Johnson’s online B2B Resource Center at B2BDocJohnson.com or contact sales@docjohnson.com. | 2019-04-21T13:19:20Z | https://www.adultwebmasters.org/dir/cskin/2016-01-59022-doc-johnson-promotes-cheryl-hanslip-to-director-.html | Porn | Business | 0.696821 |
sfgate | Richard Lyons, an economist and member of the UC Berkeley Haas School of Business faculty since 1993, who in recent years has been employed by Goldman Sachs, has been named the 14th dean of the school.
The announcement was made Friday by UC Berkeley Chancellor Robert Birgeneau and followed approval of the appointment by UC regents on Thursday. Lyons, 47, was selected after a national search to succeed economist Tom Campbell, a former five-term Republican congressman from Silicon Valley, who had led the Haas School since 2002.
The university said Lyons' tasks will include efforts to expand the Haas faculty, enhance student services, make curriculum improvements, build the endowment, and plan for a new building.
Lyons received his undergraduate degree in business at UC Berkeley in 1982 and earned a doctorate in economics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
"Just imagine getting the opportunity to come home to your alma mater, the same department no less, and serve in this way," Lyons said. "My wife, Jen, and I couldn't be more excited."
Lyons served as acting dean at Haas in 2004-05 when Campbell took a sabbatical to serve as director of finance for Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger. He also served as executive associate dean from 2005 through 2006, while he continued to work as a professor in finance, before joining Goldman Sachs late in 2006.
He resigned from the investment bank a few weeks ago in anticipation of the appointment at Haas. At the firm, his title was chief learning officer, directing a unit called Pine Street. The group was charged with developing leaders from top management ranks.
"I learned that you can't overestimate the importance of great people in building great firms," Lyons said in a statement. "And that's the business we're in here at Haas. I'm also fortunate to have experienced where the leadership 'puck' is going. Haas, with its broad-based strengths, is in an excellent position to skate toward it," he said.
A common denominator among those at Goldman Sachs who become leaders, Lyons said in an interview, is "a sense of stewardship that is quite remarkable, and a deep commitment to the firm and a sense of purpose."
Lyons said the school doesn't adjust its approach in a particularly sour economy, like the one in which the school's students find themselves now, because "we are preparing young people for the trajectory of their future career."
"We are developing them not just for the next job, we are developing them for their last job - equipping them with the capabilities and perspective to reach as far as they can reach," he said.
Lyons was born and reared in the Los Altos area.
He is known for his work in international finance and foreign exchange. His students gave him teaching awards six times. In 1998, he received UC Berkeley's highest teaching honor, the Distinguished Teaching Award.
Lyons has consulted with the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank, the Federal Reserve Bank and Citibank. He has served as a director for Barclays Global Investors iShares and as chairman of the board of Matthews Asian Funds.
He and his wife, Jennifer, have two children.
The Haas School, founded in 1898, is the second-oldest business school in the United States, after the Wharton School at the University of Pennsylvania, founded in 1881. It is the oldest in the country at a public university. It has 2,200 students in six degree programs. | 2019-04-23T20:10:48Z | https://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Richard-Lyons-succeeds-Campbell-as-Haas-dean-3276562.php | Porn | News | 0.110073 |
wordpress | Glad to have collaborated with Jake Green for MVP magazine; gave me a chance to dig out the 50’s basketball block I got a year or two back. Go get it kids.
Glad to see BBC2 is showing a drama based on the story of The Wipers Times.
For those who haven’t heard about it – it was a trench-based newspaper, started after a couple of infantry soldiers found a treddle-platten in war-torn Ypres. Go check it out (or “The Best Bits” book, from Ian Hislop and Malcolm Brown) – dark humour that’s exceptionally funny.
The ability of the printing press to bring some happiness to people in such dire circumstances, almost brings a tear to the eye. A friend told me a similar, but more recent story; during the Sri-lankan civil war, the northern town of Jaffna was cut off by the government.. but a local paper (Uthayan) was able to continue by rediscovering letterpress printing and get information to its readership, in a country synonymous with state-censorship and misinformation.
The above work, uses Stephenson Blake 10 line Johnston woodtype circa 1916 (as used on the tube); in honour of underground presses!
Managed to get up to Norfolk, last week, where apparently a fair few of my genes are from. The pictures of John Platford, an ancestor who worked on the Holkham estate in the north of the county. Its a lovely bit of the world and they have a little museum on the estate, but I felt a bit irked at helping support the aristos (who still live there) by buying their beers and scones.
More my thing was the wonderful Jarrold printing museum, where volunteers staff what was once a huge working press by the river Wensum.
They have an amazing array of letterpress and litho presses; and had the foresight to start the museum up in the 1980’s.
Sadly I only had a couple of days to look around- didn’t even get to see the broads, or even find out if theres any fishing up there. Will definitely be back. | 2019-04-25T03:43:41Z | https://hooksmith.wordpress.com/category/uncategorized/ | Porn | Recreation | 0.896709 |
livejournal | Someone took Nickelback's first horrible song, and mixed it with their latest drek - having one song play through the left channel, and one through the right channel.
The intent was to show that Nickelback simply reuses their songs. Download the MP3 File and judge for yourself.
I like the mixed track best. More harmonies, more complexity. Maybe they could market it this way for a third time!
Agreed. I like the mixed track and think it's kinda cool. It's no big deal that they did another song with the same chord changes and all that. What I think is pretty cool is that the two songs kind of play off each other in a "call and response" sort of way when they're mixed together.
I think DJs should play the mix in clubs.
I bet Nickelback was just waiting for people to discover how awesome they really are. I mean, it took how many years for people to figure out that Pink Floyd based Dark Side of the Moon on The Wizard of Oz? Here we have a group basing a song around one of their own songs. This is mind-boggling.
That is really cool. I'm not a big fan of Nickleback, but I like them enough that I don't automatically change the station when they come on. | 2019-04-23T12:00:54Z | https://drmellow.livejournal.com/252581.html | Porn | Arts | 0.129062 |
wordpress | The UK’s Friendly Fires are supporting Swedish pop heroine Lykke Li on her current, mostly sold-out U.S. tour. They kicked out this cosmic-disco cover of Lykke’s “I’m Good I’m Gone,”. Diggin’ a lot of Friendly Fires.
DOPE: Friendly Fires! Au Revoire Simone! Aeroplane! Paris!
It’s amazing how every new Aeroplane remix is released keeps getting better and better. These dudes deserve more than a round of applause with this feat. And with their brilliant minds for making amazing changes on their album version of Paris. Even if I do admit of loving the track’s original version, the decision to scrape out their vocals and replace them completely with new ones for the re-release was probably the best choice for it. Thank God it wasn’t Lady GaGa who did the vocals but the fanta-bulous and breath-taking Au Revoir Simone (Holy cow, her voice) who nailed it hard bringing the song to a whole new level, even probably the best songs of the year.
The Aeroplanes remix has been all over the net for days (I know) but here’s an even higher kbps for their 192. Since it’s one of the greatest remixes from Aeroplanes, I had to hook you up with the 320kbps version for complete pleasure.
Here is a song by Todd Terje calle Eurodans. Do you think its quite similar?
Nonetheless, this Paris version is a winner. I think you better go download it and knock yourselves out.
The new version of Paris will be released on the 10th of November with remixes by Justus Köhncke and Arto Mwambe along with the Aeroplane remix. | 2019-04-20T23:32:23Z | https://thievesbytuesday.wordpress.com/tag/friendly-fires/ | Porn | News | 0.604621 |
wordpress | extremely contemplative; obsessively thoughtful—esp. to the point of being witty: That guy over there is so contemplatious, he is in his own world.
a blog about an individual described by his friends as: interesting, reserved, curious, attractive, funny, bright, humble, self-conscious, self-critical, anxious, existential, loving, humorous, witty, intelligent, thoughtful, and an advocate.
🙂 here. now how do i add u!!?? | 2019-04-18T16:37:52Z | https://contemplatious.wordpress.com/about/ | Porn | Reference | 0.611225 |
wordpress | The #13 Notre Dame men’s soccer team posted a big 3-1 victory over #4 Akron in the Mike Berticelli Memorial Tournament finale on Sunday at Alumni Stadium. Fighting Irish Digital Media caught up with head coach Bobby Clark following the big win.
The Irish improved to 5-0 for the first time in Clark’s tenure as head coach. They will return to the Alumni Stadium pitch on Friday at 7 pm ET against Michigan State. Catch that game live, only on UND.com.
Older » Irish unzip Akron! | 2019-04-23T10:44:13Z | https://ndsoccer.wordpress.com/2012/09/10/zapping-the-zips/ | Porn | Sports | 0.779957 |
wordpress | Preparing food for the Mafseket meal for Yom Kippur. Chicken soup is obviously a must.
Field Notes Signature sketch book with a Tombow Mono 100 F pencil.
I’m currently a third of the way through Italo Calvino’s “If on a Winter’s Night a Traveller” and I love his descriptions of reading experiences.
Field Notes Signature sketchbook and Tombow Mono 100 F pencil. The Seed Radar eraser did the not so fine job of erasing a few lines.
Watching Neil Gaiman’s livestream of “Art Matters” and feeling inspired.
Tomboy Mono 100 F, Leuchtturm1917 sketchbook. | 2019-04-19T14:57:20Z | https://writingatlarge.wordpress.com/tag/pencil/ | Porn | Arts | 0.262854 |
wordpress | This is my 400th post on this blog! Wheeee! To celebrate, I thought I’d write about something different, something fun, something that brings a smile to everyone’s face. Let’s see, blogs are basically journals on the internet… and everyone knows that the internet is made of cats… so I guess I should write about cats.
Can’t you see how much I love my cat?
Okay, well, actually I’m writing about owning pets in general. It’s an interesting phenomenon to look at how the idea of pet ownership has developed over the years. But does the Bible say anything about owning pets? Yes and no; there is stuff about animal domestication, but let’s start at the beginning.
In the beginning, God made cats.
Well, sort of. At the dawn of time, God spent six days creating the entire universe. I’ve written about what I think that might or might not mean, twice, so let’s move past that. One of the many literary features of the creation story in Genesis 1 is that it seems as though God is building a Temple, and the human race is put in place as the crowning piece to the whole thing. Not only that, but humanity was made to rule over and care for the entire created order.
One of the first tasks mankind was charged with was naming all the animals. This is not just a reference to the basic sociological fact that a language system was developed, but an actual exercising of lordship. Giving something or someone a name implies a sense of control or ownership. When God gives people new names several times in the Bible, it tends to be shortly after a game-changing event that marks a new turn for God’s chosen family or people. So, when Adam named the animals, he was doing much the same thing: establishing his lordship over the animal kingdom. This gives us our first clue into the concept of owning pets: it is our right and our duty as humans to rule over and care for animals.
The first explicit statement of God offering animals for humans to eat is in Genesis 9, though the use of the word “livestock” several times beforehand strongly suggest this was already going on (not to mention the fact that Abel kept sheep and sacrificed the firstborn among them to God). In short, the domestication of animals had begun.
It’s also interesting that animals are described by God to begin to fear humans at this point in time as well. This points out that some animals are going to be harder to domesticate than others.
Eventually, we come to references to barns and granaries in the Bible. As any farmer knows, where there is stored food, there will also be vermin trying to eat it. And how does one keep vermin away? Cats!
What about non-working animals, like your typical house cat?
Having non-working animals is kind of a luxury, and a lot of the people in the Bible were fairly poor, so it’s a bit difficult to say that anyone in the Bible owned pets. Here’s as close we probably get: King Solomon amassed quite a large assortment of treasure in his time, and I can’t imagine he actually put all those apes and peacocks to work in the field. Chances are they were there to look pretty, like a menagerie or a zoo.
Owning a pet is usually pretty similar: we keep them around to enjoy them one way or another. Sure, owning a cat may have the side effect of scaring away the local mice who might otherwise consider living in my wall, but primary reason is that the silver and tan beauty in the picture at the beginning of this article is a lovely cat whose purring makes me smile. Did I mention I really like cats?
My wife and I adopted that cat on 6 October 2013, shortly after my birthday. After feeding her, the first thing we did when we brought her home was give her a new name. At the shelter she was called Lollipop… we decided upon Mithril. Yes, as in mithril. And as I was calming down amidst the excitement and beginning to think rationally about what we had just done, it finally occurred to me that there was something basic to our God-designed human nature going on: we were actively taking up the role of caring for one little part of creation. Come to think of it, I even mentioned that towards the end of my sermon that very next Sunday (it’s in the last paragraph before “In Summary“).
Rule over and care for cats.
We are all called to participate in ruling over and caring for creation in some way or another. As I said in that sermon I just mentioned, by adopting a shelter cat, we’re also providing a home for a cat who would otherwise be stuck in a shelter or on the streets, or in a home of neglect. The relationship is two-fold. People enjoy having their pets, and pets benefit from having people who look after them.
Obviously there are many ways that this can and does go wrong. Too many people out there abuse animals. They’re emphasizing the “rule over” part to the expense of the “care for” part. Other people swing the opposite way, spoiling them or treating them like their own children, thus emphasizing the “care for” part and forgetting the “rule over” part. As St. Augustine might say, it’s all about rightly ordering our loves: love for God comes first, love for neighbor and self comes second, and love for creation would be third.
Something I have observed among some of my friends who do not believe in God is that their sense of priorities drift without God. Without acknowledgement of God, love for God cannot become first priority, and thus becomes subject to love of self & others. And at the same time, the third priority (love of creation) often tends to elevate to equal love for other people. “Animals are people too,” I sometimes hear. And this is confirmed by my sister who’s studying to be a veterinarian – the big bucks people spend on their pets these days is amazing.
In short, yes, rejoice in the beauty of God’s creation, and celebrate cats. Or dogs or guinea pigs or whatever floats your boat. Or if you’re not an animal person, that’s fine; owning a pet is only one way that we rule over and care for creation. Being responsible about trash and recycling and energy use, growing plants, owning land, and enjoying the outdoors responsibly are also great ways that we fulfill the obligation we have as humans.
As for me, I don’t have the money to own land, protect trees, adopt a patch of rainforest, or stuff like that. But I can own and care for a cat.
Yes, I’m so thrilled about your 400th blog post I can barely contain myself.
Happy 400 posts, Leorningcniht. And thanks for indulging me in my love of cats.
This entry was posted in Theological and tagged creation, humanity. Bookmark the permalink. | 2019-04-20T23:08:05Z | https://leorningcniht.wordpress.com/2014/03/13/theology-of-pet-ownership/ | Porn | Reference | 0.813307 |
wordpress | Home › histamine intolerance › Stop hitting the snooze button!
I know I owe you all a post on dopamine, motivation, and how to start feeling better and happier, but I just haven’t had time to get it all together. Happily it’s not because I lack motivation but because we went back to school and I’ve been crazy busy!
But I just had to come on here and tell you that I am actually getting up at 5AM to run every morning before school. I can tell you I feel dramatically different than when I used to crawl out of bed at 5:45 and make my way to my car by 6:45. Now I’m actually out of the house and in the car by 6:35 wide awake and ready to go teach the children somethin’.
So what’s changed besides the dose of neurotransmitters blasting through my brain while I run? It’s the not hitting the snooze button thing anymore. I’ve done a lot of reading about sleep and I’ve learned hitting the snooze button is pretty bad for me. It’s probably bad for you too.
Maybe you know this already, but hitting snooze is a really bad thing to do when you want to wake up refreshed. The short explanation is that once you have an alarm set, your body gets used to it and starts to wake up before it goes off. When you hit the snooze button and fall back to sleep, even for just ten minutes, you send yourself into the start of a new sleep cycle. Then when the snooze goes off again you wind up waking up in a part of the sleep cycle you shouldn’t wake up in. If you wake up feeling foggy, now you know why. And that feeling can last up to two hours!
Don’t get me wrong, my running before work, I believe, has made a big difference in my overall mindset too. But that no snooze thing has made the difference as to how easy it is to get out of bed to even get out to run.
So don’t hit snooze! And I promise to post my help for the unmotivated soon!
Post a comment below if you knew about the snooze thing or try it and see a difference in your morning. I always like to hear from my readers. | 2019-04-25T04:06:45Z | https://themenopausehistamineconnection.wordpress.com/2018/08/30/stop-hitting-the-snooze-button/ | Porn | Health | 0.483728 |
google | An extendible shelter connectable to a building has an extendible frame and a plurality of covers, connected to an outermost frame end, for covering the frame. Adjacent covers are connected to one another at outermost edge ends of their adjacent edges, which are threaded through a fastener. As the frame is extended outwardly away from the building, the adjacent edges are drawn through the fastener, which fastens the edges together to automatically fasten the adjacent covers. When the frame is retracted, the fastener unfastens the edges and covers. Anchor for locking wheels for the frame in fixed position on a ground surface over which the shelter extends are also disclosed.
The present invention relates to shelters, and is more particularly directed to an extendible shelter for connection to a building.
Extendible shelters for buildings are well known in the art. Such shelters typically have an extendible frame, or truss, and a covering, both of which are connectable on an innermost shelter end of the shelter to the building. The frame and cover, notably outermost ends thereof, are extendible away from and retractable towards the building to enable extension and retraction of the shelter. The outermost end of the shelter typically has an access aperture disposed therein to allow entry and exit from the shelter when extended. The sizes of the shelters are variable and may allow for entry and exit, as well as storage, of equipment or vehicles therein.
For example, U.S. Pat. No. 5,839,462 issued to Randall on Nov. 24, 1998, teaches an expandable shelter having an expandable support frame having a plurality of support sections comprised of side support and upper support members. The side support members of each section are pivotally secured to each other at a lower portion thereof, with upper portions of the side support member rigidly secured to ends of the upper support members, whereby in a retracted position the side support members extend substantially vertical and in an extended position the side support members extend at an acute angle to each other with the upper portions of the side support members spaced apart. A cover, secured to the support sections, connects the upper support members of adjacent support sections and thus provides a roof extending between over the upper support members for the extended position.
As another example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,667,692 issued to Tury et al. on May 26, 1987, teaches an extendible shelter which is quickly erectable by two to six persons, depending upon the size of the shelter. The structure has an extendible frame metal frame with a cover attached to the inside of the frame. The frame comprises a series of ribs, or support members, which can be extended from a compact folded configuration for easy transportation to a full-size shelter at erection. Adjacent ribs are pivotally or slidably connected to one or more connecting members, which serve as force transmitting means for opening and closing the shelter and keeping adjacent ribs stabilized and spaced equidistant. As the ribs are extended relative one another, the cover is extended therebetween to cover the frame on the inside.
Unfortunately, shelters such as those discussed above present a number of disadvantages. Firstly, they may be cumbersome to extend or retract, and may require more than one person to effect extension and retraction thereof. Further, extension and retraction of the cover on the frame may be difficult. In particular, with the cover connected to and extending between each extendible support section, obtaining maximal retraction of the cover for the retracted configuration of the shelter may be difficult.
Accordingly, there is a need for an improved extendible shelter for a building.
It is therefore a general object of the present invention to provide an improved extendible shelter for a building.
An advantage of the present invention is that the shelter provided thereby can be easily extended and retracted.
Another advantage of the present invention is that the cover of the shelter is automatically extended and retracted with the frame of the shelter.
A further advantage of the present invention is that the cover of the shelter, when the shelter is retracted, is compactly stored proximal the building.
Still another advantage of the present invention is that the shelter may be extended or retracted to extend over a variety of lengths relative the building.
Another advantage of the present invention is that the shelter may be easily and releasably anchored to a ground surface over which the shelter extends.
a plurality of fasteners, each adjacent pair having a respective fastener, fixedly connecting the covers to one another at respective outermost edge ends of the adjacent cover edges and having the adjacent cover edges threaded therethrough, the fasteners respectively fastening and unfastening the covers pairs to one another as the shelter is, respectively, extended and retracted between an extended configuration therefor, in which the frame is fully extended and covered by the covers fastened to one another along the adjacent cover edges, and a retracted configuration, in which the frame is retracted and the covers are unfastened from one another along the adjacent cover edges.
FIG. 7 is an enlarged view of a roof support section of the frame for the extendible shelter shown in FIG. 1.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 1 a, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 there is shown an embodiment of an extendible shelter, shown generally as 10, for a building 12 in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As best shown In FIGS. 1 and 1 a, the shelter 10 has an extendible and retractable frame, shown generally as 14, a plurality of extendible and retractable covers 16 connected to the building 12 and to the frame 14. The frame 14 is connected to the building on an innermost frame end thereof, shown generally as 18 and situated proximal the building 12, with the covers 16 connected to an outermost frame end, shown generally as 20, situated generally longitudinally opposite the innermost frame end 18 and generally distal the building 12. A plurality of fasteners 70, best shown in FIG. 5, fasten and unfasten adjacent covers 16 as the frame 14 and covers 16 are, respectively, extended and retracted. As best illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4, anchors, shown generally as 24, are releasably affixable to a ground surface 26 over which the shelter 10 extends and are configured for anchoring wheels 28 of the frame 14, and thereby the frame 14 and shelter 10, to the ground surface 26 as explained in further detail below.
Referring now to FIGS. 1, 1 a, 2, and 7, the frame 14 has generally opposed first and second side support sections, shown generally as 30, and at least one roof support section, shown generally as 32 and connecting the side support sections 32, the sections 30, 32 defining the overall shape of the shelter 10 and supporting the covers 16 when extended along therewith. More specifically, the first and second side support sections 30, best shown in FIG. 2, are disposed generally vertically, and preferably perpendicularly, relative the ground surface 26. The roof support sections 32, best shown in FIG. 7, connect the first and second side support sections 30 and extend generally horizontally over the ground surface 26.
More specifically, and referring now to FIGS. 1, 1 a, and 2, each side support section 30 has a plurality of generally vertical side support members 34, with adjacent side support members 34 being connected to one another by side cross support members 36. Adjacent side cross support members 36 are movable, and preferably pivotally and slidably movable, outwardly away from and inwardly towards at least one vertical side support member 34 connected thereto to enable movement of the side support members 34 away from and inwardly towards the building 12. Similarly, and referring to FIGS. 1, 1 a, and 7 each roof support section 30 has a plurality of roof support members 38 which are connected to at least one side support section 30, preferably the vertical side support members 36 thereof, and extend therefrom towards the other side support section 30. The outermost side support members 34 and outermost roof support members 38 connected thereto generally define the outermost frame end 20, situated distal the building. The innermost side support member 34, dual threaded side support member 150, and innermost roof support members 38 define innermost frame end 18, generally opposite the outermost frame end 20 and situated proximal the building 12 and connected thereto. As the shelter 10 is extended and retracted, the outermost frame end 20 and covers 16 connected thereto are respectively, extended away from and retracted back towards the building 12 and the innermost frame end 18. The outermost frame end 18 also defines an outermost frame aperture 54, which provides access, notably ingress and egress into the frame 14 at the outermost frame end 20. The innermost frame end 18 may, optionally, define an innermost frame aperture, not shown, to provide ingress and egress therethrough to and from building 12.
Optionally, the shelter 10 may also include a fixed outer access structure or frame, shown generally as 60 in FIG. 1a, which is affixed to the frame 10 at the outermost frame end 20. In such case, the outer access structure 60 and the outermost frame end 20 and cover 16 are size and shaped, along with structure 60, such that the cover 16 and frame 14 at outermost frame end 20 are covered by a portion of the structure 60. Accordingly, the structure 60 is preferably similar in size and shape to the frame 16, notably the outermost frame end 20 thereof. An outer access aperture 62, preferably similar in size and shape to the outermost frame aperture 54, provides ingress and egress therethrough into the shelter 10.
Referring again to FIG. 7, preferably, but optionally, adjacent roof support members 38 are connected to one another by roof cross support members 40 extending between the roof support members 38. Each roof cross support member 40 is movable, and preferably pivotally and slidably movable, outwardly away from and inwardly towards at least one roof support member 38 connected thereto to enable movement of the roof support members 38 outwardly away from and inwardly towards the building 12 during, respectively, extension and retraction of the frame 14.
Referring to FIGS. 1, 1 a, 2 and 7, the frame 14 preferably has first and second roof support sections 32, each roof support section 32 connected to one side support section 30 and slanting upwardly therefrom and connecting to the other roof support section 32, forming a roof apex 44 at an intersection therewith. In such case, each roof support member 38 extends slantingly upwardly from a side support member 36 connected thereto on one side support section 30 and connects with another roof support member 36, forming a roof connector pair therewith, similarly connected to a generally aligned side support member 34 from the other side support section 30. The side support members 34 are generally aligned with one another relative the building 12, as are the roof connector pair. The apex 44 is formed at the intersection between the two roof support members 38. For additional support, the roof support section 32 may have a roof connector member 46 extending underneath each roof connector pair of roof support members 38 and connecting the roof support members 38 at their respective intersections with the side support members 34. To provide additional support, there is preferably, for each roof connector member 46, an intermediate connector member 48 extending, preferably perpendicularly, vertically upward from the roof connector member 46 to the apex 44 of the roof connector pair of roof support members 38 extending thereabove. Optionally, adjacent intermediate connector members 48 may be connected to one another and to adjacent roof connector members 46 via lateral connecting members 52 or brackets which are slidably and pivotally connected to at least one intermediate connector member 48 and a roof connector member 46 such that a roof connector member 46 and intermediate connector member 48 connected thereby may move away from and back towards the building 12 during extension and retraction of the shelter 10. Members 34, 36, 38, 40, 46, 48, 52 of frame 14 are preferably made of a sturdy lightweight metal, but may be constructed of any rigid material, for example plastic or wood, capable of supporting the covers 16 when supported by and extended on the frame 14.
Referring again to FIGS. 1, 1 a, and 5, with regard to the covers 16 and fasteners 22, there is at least one cover 16 for each side support section 30 and each roof support section 32, preferably one cover 16 for each section 30, 32 and connected to the outermost frame end 20. Specifically, covers 16 for side support sections 30 are connected to notably outermost side support members 34 and covers 16 for roof support sections 32 are connected to outermost roof support members 38. Each cover 16 is further connected to the building 12, notably as a respective roll or spool 64 rotatably mounted on a spool member 84 rotatably mounted on or proximal to the building 12. The cover 16 is connected to the spool 64 and is rotatably wound therearound, thus allowing the cover 16 to be extended and retracted by, respectively, rolling the cover 16 outwardly off and inwardly back on to the spool 64 during extension and retraction of the shelter 10.
Covers 16 for adjacent side and roof support sections 30, 32 and mounted on adjacent spools 64 form adjacent cover pairs 66 of covers 16 having generally facing adjacent cover edges 68. Each adjacent cover pair 66 of covers 16 has a respective fastener, exemplarily and generally shown as a conventional zipper 70, fixedly connecting the covers 16 of the adjacent cover pair 66 at respective outermost edge ends 72 of the adjacent cover edges 68. For example, and as shown, the outermost edge ends can be connected by a respective outer stop 76 of the zipper 70. The adjacent edges 68 are threaded through the fastener 70, for example a slider 74 of the zipper 70 fixedly disposed in fixed position intermediate the spools 64 of the adjacent cover pairs 66 and between the outer stop 76 and the spools 64.
The fastener 70, notably the slider 74 of each zipper 70, connects and disconnects the adjacent cover edges 68 as the adjacent covers 16 are, respectively, extended and retracted by extension and retraction of the frame 14, and notably the outermost frame ends 20 to which the covers 16 are connected, away from and towards the building 12. Thus, the covers 16 of adjacent cover pairs 66 are, respectively automatically fastened and unfastened by extending and retracting the frame 12, and thereby the covers 16 extending thereover and connected to the outermost frame end 20, away from and towards the building 12. In other words, the covers 16 are automatically fastened and unfastened during their extension and retraction along with the frame 12 as the shelter 10 is moved between a retracted configuration, in which the outermost frame end 20 and outermost edge ends 72 are adjacently proximal the building 12 and the innermost frame end 18, and an extended configuration in which the outermost frame end 20 and outermost edge ends 72 are comparatively distal the building 12 and the innermost frame end 18. More specifically, and as shown, the adjacent cover edges 68 have sets of interlocking zipper teeth 78 extending on each adjacent edge 68 and which are releasably fastened and unfastened by the sliders 74 as the frame 14 and covers 16 are, respectively, extended and retracted. To ensure uniform extension and retraction of the adjacent covers 16, the spool members 84 for the adjacent spools 64 have interconnecting spool member gears 86 on adjacent spool members ends 88 that engage each other as the covers 16 are extended and retracted.
While the fastener 70 shown is a conventional zipper 70, other devices could be deployed as fasteners 70, such as slide lock devices or the like, provided the device can automatically fasten the adjacent covers 16 during extension and retraction of the covers 16 with frame 14. The covers 16 are preferably made of a water resistant sturdy textile material to prevent passage of precipitation into the shelter 10. A housing 90 connected to the building 12 extends outwardly therefrom and extends over the spools 64, the innermost frame end 18, and extension mechanism to protect them from precipitation or the like and to minimize passage of precipitation between the innermost frame end 18 of the frame 14 and the building 12.
To facilitate extension and retraction of the frame 14, and thereby the shelter 10, at least one side support member 34 on each side support section 30 is configured for mounting of a respective wheel 28 at a bottom end 94 of the member 34. Preferably, wheels 98 are mounted in wheel pairs on member pairs of generally aligned side support members 34. Preferably, at least one such wheel pair is mounted on the outermost side support members 34 at the outermost frame end 20 and adjacent the outer access structure 60, when present.
Reference is now made to FIGS. 1, 1 a, 3, and 4, wheel anchors 24 are releasably affixable to the ground surface 26 and hold the frame 12, and thereby the shelter 10, in fixed position relative the building 12 on the ground surface 26, by releasable connection of the wheels 28 thereto. Preferably, there is at least one anchor pair of generally aligned wheel anchors 24 for ensuring that at least one wheel pair of wheels 28 can be releasably anchored in position by releasably connecting each wheel 28 to a wheel anchor 24.
The wheel anchors 24 have an anchor base, generally 102, releasably affixable to the ground surface 26, and a wheel anchor lock, generally 104, which is releasable connectable to the wheel anchor base 102 and in which the wheel 24 is releasably securable. The wheel anchor lock includes a base plate 106 and first and second side plates 108 pivotally, and preferably hingedly, connected to the base plate 106 at first and second base plate ends 110. Each side plate 108 is pivotable relative the base plate 106 to axially align respective plate securing apertures 112, one on each side plate 108, with generally opposed and axially aligned member securing apertures 114 proximal the bottom end 94 of the side support member 34 with the wheel 28 disposed between the side plates 108 below the apertures 112, 114. A securing member 116, such as a bolt or locking pin of the like, may then be removably inserted into and through the apertures 112, 114 to releasably connect the side plates 108 to the side support member 34 and secure the wheel 28 within the wheel anchor lock 104, preferably with the wheel 24 seated on the base plate 106.
The anchor base 102 has a socket base 120 and a socket 122 extending generally perpendicularly away therefrom, the socket base 120 being releasably affixable to the ground surface 26. The socket 122 has at least one L shaped groove 124 or slot formed in an inner wall thereof. The slot 124 has an upper portion 128, axially aligned with the socket 122 and extending from a mouth 130 thereof, and an intersecting lower portion 132 extending generally perpendicularly from the upper portion 128. A locking member 134 of the anchor lock 104 extends generally perpendicular the base plate 106 and is releasably insertable into the socket 122. More specifically, the locking member 134 has, for each slot 124, at least one notch 136 protruding therefrom and configured for insertion into the upper portion 128 of the slot 124 as the locking member 134 is being inserted into the socket 122 through the mouth 130. The member 134 may be turned or rotated to move the notch into the lower portion 132 to releasably lock the locking member 134 in the socket 122 and releasably connect the anchor lock 104 to the anchor base 102. An optional cap 140 may be placed in the mouth 130 to close socket 122 when the anchor 24 is not in use.
Extension and retraction of the frame 14 and covers 16, via extension and retraction of members 36, 38, and 40, may be accomplished by any method or means known in the art. However, for purposes of demonstration only, an example of a possible extension means or system deployable with the shelter 10 is illustrated by FIGS. 2, 6, and 7. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 6, the innermost frame end 18 has a double threaded support member 150, with first and second sets of threads 160, the first set of threads 160 extending in one direction and the second set of threads 160 extending in a generally opposite direction. A first drive gear 152 mounted thereon on the double threaded side support member 150 cooperates with a second drive gear handle connected to handle 156 and causes the double threaded side support member 150 to rotate in generally opposed first and second rotation directions as the handle is rotated, respectively, in generally opposed first and second handle directions. The first set and second set of threads 160 have, respectively, first and second brackets 162 a, 162 b mounted thereon, and connected to the innermost side cross support members 36. As the handle is rotated in first handle direction to rotate the member 150 in first rotation direction, the first and second sets of threads 160 a, 160 b cause first and second brackets 162 to move in opposite directions, the first bracket 162 a moving upwardly and the second bracket 162 moving downwardly 162 b. The brackets 162 move in the opposite directions, i.e. the first bracket 162 a downwardly and the second bracket 162 b when the handle 156 is turned in the second handle direction. As the first bracket 162 b moves upwardly, it forces the innermost cross side support member 36 to move outwardly way form the building 12. At the same time, the upwards motion of the bracket 162 a causes a first side member gear 180 a at the distal end of the innermost cross side support member 36 to rotate downwardly, causing a second side member gear 180 b connected thereto to rotate downwardly and force the side cross support member 36 connected thereto to extend outwardly while a resilient spring or biasing means 182 pulls slidable connector bracket 184 upwardly on the side support member 34. The slidable connector bracket 184 connects the cross side support members 36 on the side support member and, as it moves upwardly, causes the outermost cross side support member 38 to extend outwardly and move the outermost side support member 34 at the outermost frame end 20 outwardly away from the building 12. As the outermost frame end 20 is extended away from the building 12, the covers 16 are extended and automatically fastened to one another, as previously described. At the same time, the outwards motion of the cross side support members 36, along downward motion of second bracket 162 b, proximal the top of the side support members 36 also forces the cross side support members 36 proximal the bottoms ends 94 to extend outwardly. When the handle 156 is rotated in the second handle direction, the process is reversed. Typically, there will be alternating sets of gears 180 and slidable connector brackets 184, possibly with additional biasing means 182, on the side support members 34 except for the outermost side support member 34.
Optionally, but preferably, the frame 14 also provides for extension and retraction of the frame 14 in the roof support section 32. To this end, the uppermost end of the double threaded member 150 has a first end gear 190 which cooperates with second and third ends gears 192, 194 connected to double threaded roof support member, generally shown as 198, and drive member 200. The double threaded roof support member 198, having oppositely threaded third and fourth sets of threads 160 c, 160 d with, respectively, third and fourth brackets 162 c, 162 d mounted thereon, the brackets 162 c, 162 d moving in opposite directions, generally inwardly towards one another, as the double threaded roof support member 198 is rotated in first rotation direction by the action of the handle 156, member 150, and gears 190, 192, 194. As the brackets 162 c, 162 d move inwardly, they force the innermost cross roof support members 40 to extend outwardly, which in turn, along with biasing means draws connector brackets 184 on roof cross support members 40 inwardly to force the outermost roof cross support members 40 away from the building and extend the outermost frame end 20 of the roof support section 32 away from the building 12. Turning the handle 156 in the second handle direction reverses this process during retraction of the frame 14. Lateral connecting members 52 are slidably connected to intermediate connector members 48 and/or roof connector members 46, and are accordingly drawn outwardly or retracted inwardly by the extension and retraction of the roof cross support members 40.
Although the present shelter 10 has been described with a certain degree of particularity, it is to be understood that the disclosure has been made by way of example only and that the present invention is not limited to the features of the embodiments described and illustrated herein, but includes all variations and modifications within the scope and spirit of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
a plurality of fasteners, one fastener for each adjacent cover pair, fixedly connecting said covers of said pair to one another at respective outermost edge ends of said adjacent cover edges and having said adjacent cover edges threaded therethrough, said fasteners respectively fastening and unfastening said covers of said cover pairs to one another as said shelter is, respectively, extended and retracted between an extended configuration therefor, in which said frame is fully extended and covered by said covers fastened to one another along said adjacent cover edges, and a retracted configuration, in which said frame is retracted and said covers are unfastened from one another along said adjacent cover edges.
2. The extendible shelter of claim 1, wherein each fastener is a zipper having a respective slider fixedly disposed proximal said building, a respective outer stop connecting said respective outermost edge ends, and respective sets of interlocking teeth extending from said respective outermost edge ends along said adjacent cover edges and threaded through said slider, said respective sets of interlocking teeth being fastened together and unfastened from one another by said slider by passage therethrough, during, respectively, extension and retraction of said frame and said covers.
3. The extendible shelter of claim 1, wherein said covers are rotatably mounted on respective spools therefore connected to the building, said covers being rolled outwardly off and inwardly back on the respective spools during, respectively, extension and retraction of said shelter.
4. The extendible shelter of claim 3, wherein said spools are mounted on respective spool members therefor, said respective spool members for said respective spools of each respective cover pair having interconnecting spool member gears on respective adjacent spool member ends thereof, said interconnecting spool member gears engaging one another as said covers are retracted and extended with said frame to ensure uniform extension and retraction of said covers.
5. The extendible shelter of claim 1, wherein said outermost frame end and said outermost edge ends are disposed adjacently proximal said building in said retracted configuration and distal said building in said extended configuration.
6. The extendible shelter of claim 3, further comprising a housing connected to said building and extending outwardly therefrom, said housing extending over said spools and an innermost frame end of said frame, said innermost frame end disposed opposite said outermost frame end.
7. The extendible shelter of claim 1, wherein said outermost frame end defines an outer frame aperture for enabling access to the shelter.
8. The extendible shelter of claim 1, further comprising a fixed outer access structure, said outer access structure being of similar size and shape to said outermost frame end and attachable to a ground surface, said outer access structure having an outer access aperture, said frame and said covers being sized and shaped, and said outer access structure positioned, such that said shelter can be extended to said outer access structure and connected thereto.
9. The extendible shelter of claim 1, wherein said side support sections comprise a plurality of substantially vertical respective side support connected to one another by respective side cross support members.
10. The extendible shelter of claim 9, wherein at least one side support member is configured for mounting of a respective wheel therefore at a respective bottom end of said side support member.
11. The extendible shelter of claim 10, further comprising, for each wheel, at least one respective anchor affixable to a ground surface over which said shelter extends, said wheel being releasably securable to said anchor, said anchor releasably anchoring said wheel, and thereby said side support member having said wheel mounted thereon, in fixed position relative said ground surface when said wheel is connected thereto.
12. The extendible shelter of claim 11, wherein said side support sections have at least one generally aligned member pair of said side support members, one on each side support section, with a respective wheel pair of said respective wheels mounted thereon, said extendible shelter further comprising for each said wheel pair, an anchor pair of generally aligned said wheel anchors for releasably anchoring said wheels of said wheel pair when secured therein.
13. The extendible shelter of claim 11, wherein said member pair is situated at said outermost end of said frame.
14. The extendible shelter of claim 11, said wheel anchor comprising an anchor base affixable to the ground surface, and an anchor lock in which said wheel is releasably securable, said wheel anchor lock being releasably connectable to said anchor base with said wheel secured therein to anchor said wheel.
15. The extendible shelter of claim 14, wherein said wheel anchor lock comprises a base plate releasably connectable to said anchor base, and first and second side plates connected to said base plate at first and second base plate ends thereof, said side plates being releasably connectable to said support member in which said wheel is mounted with said wheel seated on said base plate intermediate said side plates to releasably secure said wheel within said wheel anchor lock.
16. The extendible shelter of claim 15, wherein each side plate comprises a respective plate securing aperture and said support member comprises generally opposed and axially aligned member securing apertures, said respective member securing apertures and said plate securing apertures being axially aligned when said wheel is placed on said base plate, said anchor further comprising a securing member removably insertable into said plate and member securing apertures to releasably connect said side plates to said support member and secure said wheel within said wheel anchor lock.
17. The extendible shelter of claim 16, wherein said side plates are pivotally connected to said plate ends, said side plates being pivotable relative said base plate to axially align said plate securing apertures with said respective member securing apertures.
18. The extendible shelter of claim 16, wherein said anchor base comprises a socket base and a socket extending generally perpendicularly away therefrom and said anchor lock comprises a locking member extending generally perpendicularly from said base plate, said locking member being releasably insertable into said socket to releasably connect said wheel anchor lock to said anchor base.
19. The extendible shelter of claim 18, said socket comprising at least one L-shaped slot formed in an inner wall thereof, said slot having an upper portion axially aligned with said socket and extending from a mouth of the socket and an intersecting lower portion extending generally perpendicularly from the upper portion, said locking member comprising, for each slot, at least one respective notch protruding therefrom, said locking member being insertable into said socket through said mouth with said respective notch engaged in said slot and rotatable within the socket to extend said notch into said lower portion to releasably lock said locking member in said socket.
20. The extendible shelter of claim 10, wherein said side cross support members are movable outwardly away from and inwardly towards said building to provide, respectively, extension and retraction of said frame and said covers.
21. The extendible shelter of claim 20, wherein said roof support section comprises a plurality of roof support members, extending between said side sections and connected to said side support members, and a plurality of roof cross support members connecting said roof support members to one another, said roof cross support members being movable outwardly away from and inwardly towards said building during extension and retraction of said frame. | 2019-04-24T16:01:46Z | https://patents.google.com/patent/US20100269418?oq=20100269418 | Porn | Reference | 0.231276 |
google | You can help us make PyCon Australia perfect for you by telling us what Python topics you would like to see at the conference. Do you know someone who could present that topic? Even better!
Perhaps there's a topic that you'd like to present on? Great! We'll be opening our regular Call for Proposals in February 2012. We can't wait to hear from you.
Tell us who you are so that we don't sound horribly rude when we get in contact with you.
Tell us your e-mail address so that we can ask you for more information if we need it.
Tell us all about the topic you'd love to see at PyCon Australia. The more information you give us, the better the chance we can find a presentation and presenter to meet your needs.
Need to tell us more things about the topic you'd like to see covered? Tell us, and be as detailed as you like!
Do you know of a suitable presenter who could present this topic? Let us know!
Tell us everything we need to know about this presenter. Do they have past talks that we can review? How can we get in contact with them? The more information, the better! | 2019-04-20T14:26:50Z | https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSc4Rov1qddc2pIPVrJNw1OLFcN-gQVhZDGtIOEAXvJEDc5DJg/viewform?formkey=dEhLX2t1dkJJNzh6Ynk3Zk1JX2EzUnc6MQ | Porn | Reference | 0.402482 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.