| {"diagnostic": {"Suspected COPD": {"COPD": {"Mild COPD": [], "Moderate COPD": [], "Severe COPD": [], "Very Severe COPD": []}}}, "knowledge": {"Suspected COPD": {"Risk Factors": "Long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases (tobacco smoke, occupational dust and chemicals, air pollution) / Genetic predisposition (e.g., alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency); etc.", "Symptoms": ": Chronic cough, Sputum production, Dyspnea, especially during physical activities, Frequent respiratory infections; etc.", "Signs": "Wheezing\u3001Chest tightness\u3001Prolonged expiratory phase\u3001Decreased breath sounds\u3001Cyanosis (in advanced stages)\u3001Use of accessory muscles for breathing.; etc."}, "COPD": "Post-bronchodilator FEV1/FVC < 0.70 confirms the presence of persistent airflow limitation.", "Mild COPD": "FEV1 \u2265 80% predicted", "Moderate COPD": "50% \u2264 FEV1 < 80% predicted", "Severe COPD": "30% \u2264 FEV1 < 50% predicted", "Very Severe COPD": "FEV1 < 30% predicted or FEV1 < 50% predicted plus chronic respiratory failure"}} |