No police officers will be disciplined despite failing to properly investigate the systematic rape and abuse of young girls in Rochdale, it was revealed today. Seven Greater Manchester Police officers were served with misconduct notices but after a four year investigation six were given 'management advice' and one was allowed to retire. The Rochdale scandal saw hundreds of vulnerable young girls fall into the hands of Asian grooming gangs because the authorities failed to protect them over at least six years. In 2012 nine Asian men were jailed for a total of 77 years for rape and trafficking after they preyed on girls as young as 13, plying them with drugs, alcohol and money before passing them round the group for sex. No further action: Seven police officers who were served with misconduct notices over the abuse scandal in Rochdale (pictured), will not face disciplinary action . A subsequent report said the girls were allowed to fall into the hands of Pakistani grooming gangs because police and social workers may have been scared of seeming racist. It sparked an investigation conducted by the force's professional standards branch, and supervised by the Independent Police Complaints Commission (IPCC), which today highlights a number of significant failures. Its report, published today, concludes that the officers placed too much emphasis on the credibility of the victims, and not enough on the crime. The seven officers investigated were interviewed about their decision-making, handling of investigations, and victim care. They were the former divisional Chief Supt, John O'Hare, a Superintendent, plus two Det Chief Inspectors, two Detective Inspectors, and one Sergeant. One Detective Inspector was found to have a case to answer for misconduct but retired before the inquiry could be completed. Nine men, including these eight, were jailed for a total of 77 years for rape and trafficking after they preyed on girls as young as 13-years-old . By the summer of 2013 force investigators had identified the Det Insp should attend a formal misconduct hearing but they left the force in January 2014. The investigation - titled Operation Span - exposed flaws across all agencies in response to the challenges associated with child sexual exploitation, including a lack of understanding of the complexity of the issue. Other failures were identified as issues, with information being shared across agencies that used different IT systems, GMP's focus being on addressing serious acquisitive crime, and officers not having the necessary skill set. It also said the 'churn' of staff at Rochdale, particularly in the inspecting ranks, meant that leadership of the issue could not be maintained, and there was little in the way of effective handover. Shame: The abuse of the jailed gang began at two takeaways in the Heywood area of Rochdale, including the Balti House (pictured), which is under new ownership . The investigation identified one detective sergeant who made individual errors in his handling of the investigation, but it found that he had raised concerns about a need for more resources but was not supported by his superiors. Others who were served notices included the former divisional chief superintendent, a superintendent, two detective chief inspectors, and two detective inspectors. They all received management action in respect of their performances. The report was split into two parts, one looking at the handling of the complaints made by two separate children, and the other looking into the wider decision-making by the Rochdale senior leadership . There were signs for many years that men were using vulnerable young girls in Rochdale for sex, but no action was taken. Here we highlight the failures. SOCIAL WORKERS . From the outset, social workers failed to regard the teenage girls being passed around for sex among a gang of Asian men as victims. That was despite more than 100 reports of abuse from the victims, health workers and elsewhere linked to men working in taxi and takeaway businesses dating back to 2004, and involving children as young as ten. Instead the girls were treated as their attackers treated them, 'like prostitutes'. Victims as young as ten were seen as 'making their own choice' and 'engaging in consensual sexual activity'. In one case a parent making a complaint was told his daughter was 'hanging out with a bad crowd'.As a result of this catastrophic  dereliction of duty, information was not systematically passed to the police, and the terrified victims were left at the mercy of a gang of violent sexual predators. POLICE . Just as social workers failed to protect the victims from the rapists preying on them, so the police failed for years to grasp the nettle and launch a serious investigation. As well as reports from social workers, Greater Manchester Police received 44 referrals from the NHS about the abuse. In 2009 one victim, known as 'Suzie', made a detailed complaint about the attacks. Arrests were made but the case was dropped by state prosecutors. It was not until a year later that a full investigation was launched. Police also failed to demand proper bail restrictions on the attackers. Even after the trial, the police refused to acknowledge the racial element of the crimes, saying it was wrong to get 'hung up on race and ethnicity issues'. CROWN PROSECUTION SERVICE . An early police investigation in 2009 was passed to prosecutors but astonishingly no action was taken. Instead a senior CPS prosecutor 'refused charge', claiming it was unlikely to lead to a successful trial. That was despite the existence of forensic evidence including DNA swabs from a victim's underwear. It was two years before that decision was overturned. Yesterday's report found prosecutors thought the main victim would be seen by the court as an unreliable witness, and blamed the cost of bringing the case and 'officer workload' for the decision. THE MUSLIM COMMUNITY . Members of the community would  have known about the abuse of white girls being carried out by Pakistani  men but did nothing to stop it. Jack Straw, the former Justice Secretary, said there was 'denial' around the issue. He said: 'These are small communities so people would have a rough idea that there is a group of men who are abusing white girls in this way. That has to be dealt with there, as well as much more effective police and social services action.'

Seven police officers were served with misconduct notices over scandal . Six were given 'management advice' and one was allowed to retire . Police failed to properly investigate the abuse and support the victims . Hundreds of young girls were abused by predominantly-Pakistani gangs . Nine men were jailed but victims say abusers are still walking free .

"informal advice" to avoid future disciplinary action.
At a meeting of Rochdale council councillors revealed that the abuse of young girls in the town has been covered up since 1994 and that it had not been the only force to fail to tackle the child sex industry in its town. The revelations are the latest in a series that have rocked the UK police service over its failure to protect young girls and teenage boys from being abused as they turned to sex to make money. In Rochdale a group of 54 men were found to have abused up to 150 girls between 1994 and 2009.
Speaking at the full council meeting last night, a senior councillor and member of the children's services committee said that no police officer had been investigated and that their actions had been covered up.
She said: "No police officers have had anything other than informal advice. These people should be behind bars. They have shown that they cannot be trusted to carry out their jobs, so the next step is for those people to lose their jobs. It is an absolute disgrace. We are saying to the force that we have been put on notice and we want people to be accountable and take responsibility.
"It is the public sector generally that we need to see investigated. This has not happened solely in Rochdale - no police force in this country can be trusted to investigate itself. In this force no police officer is going to be disciplined. We will be looking for names of the officers so we can do that ourselves."
The abuse happened in Rochdale town centre. Girls, most aged between 12 and 17 years-old were targeted and given alcohol or drugs before being abused, some of them in police cells, the council meeting heard. In June 2009, one of the men was finally jailed for two-and-a-half years. Last week, a judge called for a public inquiry into how it happened.
One of the council meeting speakers said there had been no follow-up to what had gone on and said it showed Rochdale's police force "could not be trusted to investigate itself". He added that the police had been complicit in the abuse.
A number of children had been trafficked from other towns in the north-west before being forced into prostitution by the Rochdale men, it emerged at the meeting. But many of those who had not been abused felt they had not been asked for their testimony, and only a minority


They've been madly in love since they laid eyes on each other as children, but it hasn't always been a smooth ride for this couple. Kirstie and Lyle Fisher were forced to keep their feelings secret for a number of years as they battled their biggest dilemma - the fact they happened to be first cousins. The Perth couple, who  are busy raising their three children, are now unashamed of their romance after finally going public with their relationship seven years ago. 'We're happy, we aren't hurting anyone by being together and our kids are fine and healthy... We were meant to be together,' Ms Fisher told Daily Mail Australia. Lyle and Kirstie Fisher from Perth in Western Australia have been together for seven years and are raising three children together - they also happen to be first cousins . 'People are allowed their opinions but we don't care what anyone else thinks.' Kirstie, 29, says it took a long time to realise not everyone would be accepting of their partnership after they dealt with disapproving family members and friends who abandoned them. 'The worst comment I've had is that our kids will grow two heads and we should go to Tasmania,' she said. 'Even last week I had a confrontation with a woman at my children's school. She told me I should be shot and my kids taken away from us. 'If what everybody said bothered us, we wouldn't be together. The fact is without Lyle, I am not a complete person. 'I love Lyle and I won't stop loving him.' Kirstie and Lyle, whose father's are brothers and grew up in different states, first met at a family wedding in Perth when she was nine years old. 'I thought he was cute, I didn't care that he was my cousin,' she said. 'But then he had to go back to Melbourne with his family and we didn't really talk again until I was 15. He got my mobile number off my brother and we started texting and chatting over MSN.' Lyle and Kirstie whose father's are brothers first met at a family wedding in Perth when she was nine years old because they lived in different states . The couple tried to suppress their feelings when they were teenagers and eventually kept their feelings secret from their family for a number of years . Kirstie said she constantly pushed her feelings for Lyle aside because she knew they were related. 'Growing up you're always told they are your cousins, so you automatically assume if they're family then it is illegal to be together,' she said. When Kirstie turned 17, their aunty passed away and Lyle spent a week in Perth for the funeral. 'Up until my aunt's funeral there was the occasional time where I wished we weren't cousins. But we grew closer and by then I knew he wasn't just a cousin. 'I had really strong feelings for him.' Their first kiss was in Kirstie's bedroom while they were watching TV one night. 'I'm the only girl of three boys so they were very protective, but they didn't think anything of him being in my room because he was my cousin. 'From then on when we met up there were kisses and cuddles when no one was watching.' They talked several times about becoming a couple, but Kirstie often got cold feet because she was worried what people would think. Kirstie and Lyle went their separate ways for several years and she gave birth to her daughter Matilda (right) in a different relationship. They went public with their romance in 2008 and have two children together . Apart from Kirstie's father, who called the pair disgusting and hasn't spoken to them since, the couple say most people have been understanding . 'Eventually we went our separate ways and both went through relationships. I even had my first daughter with another guy,' she said. 'That relationship ended and Lyle was just at that point where he wanted to be together. 'I took my daughter to visit him in Queensland - he'd moved there a few years before. That's when we just gave up trying to ignore everything.' Lyle's mother sensed something was going on between the pair and confronted them with a stack of papers showing it wasn't illegal for them to be together and research on whether their children would be affected. 'He bought me a ring that day and we got engaged,' Kirstie said. They then had to bravely tell their immediate and extended families and admit it was a long process before people accepted it. Kirstie's daughter Miranda (left) has a different father, but the couple have two children together - Alex, 5, and Zachary, 2. Their daughter Danica died from complications during birth three years ago . Apart from Kirstie's father, who called the pair disgusting and hasn't spoken to them since, the couple say most people have been understanding. 'After a while my mum understood that I was happy and so she is happy for me. My two brothers are okay with it and so is Lyle's sister,' she said. 'We lost a few friends over it though. Lyle's best friend from primary school no longer talks to him and I stopped speaking to my best friend about a year ago.' Kirstie and Lyle have two children together - Alex, 5, and Zachary, 2. Their daughter Danica died from complications during birth three years ago. 'My oldest daughter, Miranda, is 10 and she goes around telling everyone - she doesn't care. We don't hide anything from our kids. 'All the kids are perfectly fine and healthy. We love them to death.'

The pair first met when Kirstie was nine years old at a family wedding . The first cousins tried to fight their feelings but they still fell in love . Perth couple have been together now for seven years . It took a long time for people to finally accept them as a couple . Kirstie's father hasn't spoken to the pair since they went public . He called their relationship 'disgusting' when they told him about it .

 as it wasn't uncommon for gay people to be ostracized in the 1980s.
And at first, that was the case for the pair, who grew up in the small northern UK town of Blackpool. Kirstie was only allowed to live in the house with her mother, father and younger sister when her parents and Lyle's mum split up. She was only allowed out to school and football practice. "We lived in a council house which was quite far from Blackpool town centre and surrounded by fields," Kirstie explained. "There wasn't a lot of kids near our house. We didn't have a big family network and I was quite shy as a child, so it meant I didn't really have any close friends."
And her family only fully accepted her sexuality once she'd left home to attend university in Leeds when she was 16, Kirstie said, but only on the condition she came home on the weekends. "They couldn't deal with the fact that I was gay and they weren't going to accept it," she said. "As soon as I got the opportunity to move to Leeds, they were just glad to get me out of there - it was a bit of a relief."
But even leaving home didn't mean Kirstie could be herself, and she didn't even tell her closest friends at university that she was gay until four years later. In that time, she met her first love, Steve, who was "lovely" - and they continued to date until they had to move away from one another when Steve started working in Manchester.
"I just knew I'd made a big mistake leaving him," she said. Kirstie had felt that she'd grown apart from him and was considering whether or not they should end things, but she only realised she was gay when they stopped seeing each other.
When Kirstie returned to Blackpool, she met Lyle, who worked for her dad in his fishmongers shop on the seafront. "From the moment we met, it was crazy," Kirstie told Metro UK. "My sister asked me if I thought he was cute, and I said, 'I know he's cute', and it's been like that ever since - we can't get away from each other."
The couple moved in together after six months and were inseparable. "It all just went from strength


The police chief at the Hillsborough disaster said it was 'one of the biggest regrets of my life' he did not think of the consequences of allowing thousand of fans in to the ground after he ordered exit gates to be opened. Former chief superintendent David Duckenfield also added that it was his mistake and that he apologises profusely for the events that transpired. The match commander at the game agreed to a request to open the gates to prevent crushing at the turnstiles outside the ground, the inquest in Warrington heard. Former chief superintendent David Duckenfield says Hillsborough was one of biggest regrets of his life . But after Gate C was opened on his orders at eight minutes before kick off, an estimated 2,000 fans poured in, heading straight for a tunnel leading directly to the already-packed central pens three and four, behind the goal. The jury was told as many as an extra 800 fans went in to pen three alone after the gate was opened. Ninety-six Liverpool fans died following a crush on the Leppings Lane terrace of Sheffield's Hillsborough ground as the FA Cup semi-final against Nottingham Forest kicked off on April 15 1989. Mr Duckenfield said he now realised 'in hindsight' the 'most likely' route fans would take once Gate C was open was to go down the tunnel facing them and in to the central pens. Christina Lambert QC, counsel for the inquests, said: 'You say in hindsight you recognise that's where a number of fans might have gone. Do you think as a match commander the consequences of the decision you made, and in particular thought as to where the fans might go, is something you should have considered?' Mr Duckenfield replied: 'Ma'am, I think it is fair to say that is arguably one of the biggest regrets of my life, that I did not foresee where fans would go when they came in through the gates.' Mr Duckenfield, who has admitted he had 'limited' experience of policing football matches compared with other senior officers, added: 'If I had been a fully competent, experienced, knowledgeable match commander of the experience of Mr (Brian) Mole or Mr Freeman, I no doubt would have thought about it, but I was not in their position.' Mr Duckenfield, stationed in the police control box with a bank of TV monitors of the ground, said he was 'shocked' at the request to open the gates from Superintendent Roger Marshall from outside Leppings Lane after police became 'overwhelmed' by the number of fans gathered at the turnstiles. 96 Liverpool fans were killed by being pressed up against the ground's perimeter fence in 1989 . The witness continued: 'Certainly I'm sat there, I don't mind telling you I was shocked and taken aback by it and thinking, 'Where are these people going to go if I open the gates?'' He said another message then came through on the police radio from Mr Marshall saying: 'If we don't open the gates someone's going to get killed.' The witness continued: 'That really was a shocking, terrifying moment to feel you had got to that situation.' Another officer in the police box, Mr Bernard Murray, then said to him: 'Are you going to open the gates?' the jury heard. Mr Duckenfield said: 'I remember saying to him quite clearly, Mr Murray, if people are going to die I have no option but to open the gates. Open the gates.' He said he was left 'no option' and thought fans would feel 'relief and comfort' in being released from the crush of the turnstiles on to the concourse. He added: 'Ma'am, it is difficult to envisage in the quiet of the court room but in that moment when I made a decision of that nature it really is, I'm at a loss to describe it, other than to say it is a momentous decision and your mind is such that you don't think upon the next step.' Mr Duckenfield said he did not think before opening the gates about blocking the tunnel off with a line of police officers - as had happened in previous years. Miss Lambert said: 'Did you even consider for a moment the possibility that they might go through the central tunnel?' 'Not at all ma'am,' Mr Duckenfield replied. Mr Duckenfield added: 'I think it's fair to say I was overcome by the enormity of the situation and the decision I had to make. 'And as a result of that I was so overcome, probably with the emotion of us having got into that situation, that my mind, for a moment, went blank.' Fans flooded onto the pitch in the aftermath of the disaster before the FA Cup semi-final . Mr Duckenfield said there was 'every possibility' that he panicked, and accepted that it was a mistake not to have taken steps to close the tunnel leading to the central pens. 'I think I was so consumed by the events that probably by that time I was overcome and didn't consider delaying the kick-off at that stage. 'The request was made, the crisis was building, the atmosphere and tension was increasing and I shall never forget (another policeman) saying 'It's too late, the players are on the pitch'.' After viewing CCTV footage of fans on a concourse behind the Leppings Lane terrace, having passed through Gate C, Mr Duckenfield went on: 'I have a view from what I have seen that quite a few of the fans were apparently standing around, waiting for friends or wondering where to go or what to do.' The jury has heard that the exit gate remained open for five minutes, allowing fans to flow into the ground. Miss Lambert asked Mr Duckenfield: 'At any stage during those five minutes did it occur to you to wonder where those fans were going?' Mr Duckenfield responded: 'No ma'am.' Chair of the Hillsborough Families For Justice Margaret Aspinall arrives at the inquest on Tuesday . Agreeing with Miss Lambert that a match commander of reasonable competence ought to have thought where the fans allowed through the gate might go, the 70-year-old claimed to have been 'distracted' by a radio message referring to another gate 'going in'. 'I wanted resources to be directed to the North Stand,' he said. 'That is why my thought processes moved from where they (fans) were going to go, to what would happen next.' Referring to his failure to realise where fans would go during the five-minute period, the witness continued: 'It certainly was a mistake and an oversight. Under the circumstances, with my limited ability, I accept it was a mistake - a mistake I shouldn't have made, a mistake I regret bitterly. 'It was a grave mistake and I apologise profusely.' At 2.59pm, when the match kicked off, Mr Duckenfield told the jury, he looked towards the Leppings Lane terrace and had seen 'nothing untoward'. Miss Lambert suggested to the former match commander that it might be said to have been 'obvious' that fans climbing out of the central pens might be connected to the ingress of supporters through Gate C. 'It was not obvious to me ma'am,' Mr Duckenfield added. 'I thought there may have been some crowd disorder or some problem and I was awaiting information. 'I didn't know what to think. I was looking and waiting for information.' Questioned about when he had realised that something was badly wrong, Mr Duckenfield added: 'I have a recollection that a young man came from the perimeter track behind the goal and either collapsed or fell down. 'He was hobbling, I remember seeing him hobbling, and there was a sudden realisation that this was not a pitch invasion, this was a serious situation.' Duckenfield says he was inexperienced in 1989 and may not have been the best man for the job . Sorry we are not currently accepting comments on this article.

David Duckenfield was match commander of FA Cup semi-final in 1989 . Gate at Hillsborough was opened on his orders and 2,000 fans poured in . 96 Liverpool fans died after being pressed up around ground's fence . Duckenfield says disaster was one of biggest regrets of his life .

 Bernard Murray was in charge of the Liverpool stadium on April 15 1989 when 96 Liverpool FC fans lost their lives after being crushed in a crush after a FA Cup semi-final with Nottingham Forest.
As the jury heard in the ongoing inquest into the disaster, Murray told the court it was 'obvious' the gates of the Leppings Lane end of the stadium needed to be opened to relieve crowd pressure but said he could not think of the 'consequences' which meant there was no medical cover on the Leppings Lane pitch for a 'number of hours' after the tragedy unfolded. Murray was giving evidence in the third inquest into the Hillsborough disaster in which 96 Liverpool fans were killed when a crush occurred on the pitch during the semi-final match. The jury has previously heard the stadium's owners, Sheffield Wednesday Football Club, did not order security at the match to be increased and no-one was in charge of overseeing the stadium.
Murray was asked to give evidence about the actions he took after a message came into the police control centre telling the chief inspector on duty, Barry Hodgson, that a crush had taken place. He was asked if he had any concerns before that statement was made about the amount of people on the pitch. Murray said: 'Not at the time. My concern at the time was the need for crowd control and for crowd restraint. I was not, I would not have thought that it was obvious that we needed to open the exit gates but it seemed it should be obvious to everybody that that was a good and appropriate solution at that time.' The jury also heard that Murray admitted on April 25 he did not know the names of the people who died on the day of the disaster - but told the court he believed that was down to 'professional negligence' on his part in not ensuring he knew those names. The inquest has previously been told that Murray believed the football stadium was in a 'chaotic state' on the day after the game - and suggested he believed it was so chaotic he could not get hold of those responsible.
He said: 'I am pretty sure the main difficulty in the aftermath of this tragic event was not knowing the names of the 96 fans who died on the pitch, but I am convinced that it was a consequence of a chaotic state of affairs in the aftermath of the match, and in the aftermath of the opening of the gates and the subsequent events. 'It does not take a


Scotland's UKIP leader is today facing calls to resign after he compared the country’s only Muslim minister to the convicted terrorist Abu Hamza. In conversation with the Scottish Daily Mail, David Coburn, who was elected as an MEP last year, referred to ‘Humza Yousaf, or as I call him, Abu Hamza’. Mr Yousaf, the SNP’s Minister for Europe and International Development, said the ‘Islamophobic’ comment was one of the worst insults he had ever received. David Coburn (left), Scotland's Ukip leader, is facing calls to resign after he compared the country's only Muslim minister, Humza Yousaf (right), to convicted terrorist Abu Hamza . He has written to party leader Nigel Farage to call for Mr Coburn to be expelled and is also planning to complain to the EU Ombudsman and European Parliament president Martin Schulz. The row comes in the same week that Mr Farage was embroiled in a racism row, after he suggested most of Britain’s race relations laws should be scrapped. First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said comparing her colleague to a ‘convicted terrorist’ was ‘reprehensible’ and said Mr Coburn should ‘face consequences for that’ and be kicked out of UKIP. Last night, Mr Coburn – who is also standing to be the MP for Falkirk in May’s General Election – offered his ‘sincerest apologies’ for his comment. Ironically, earlier this year he sparked controversy by branding the SNP a ‘racist party’. Hook-handed Abu Hamza was earlier this year handed a life sentence by a New York judge for supporting terrorism. Abu Hamza was this year handed a life sentence by a New York judge for supporting terrorism . The hate cleric was convicted last May of multiple charges, including hostage-taking and plotting to set up a terrorism training camp in America. His trial followed his extradition from the UK to the US in 2012 at the end of an eight-year legal battle. Mr Coburn’s comment was made during a telephone conversation, in which he spoke about his appearance on BBC Two show The Big Immigration Debate on Tuesday. He claimed that Mr Yousaf was supposed to be on the show, and said: ‘Humza Yousaf, or as I call him, Abu Hamza, didn’t seem to turn up.’ Challenged by the Mail during the conversation, Mr Coburn said the remark was intended to be private. However, there had been no prior agreement that the discussion was off-the-record. Glasgow-born Mr Yousaf was yesterday alerted to the comment by the Mail, and replied: ‘I am utterly appalled, disgusted and hurt by the comments allegedly made by David Coburn MEP. ‘This is Islamophobia of the worst kind. If this was shouted at a Muslim on the street none of us would tolerate it, the fact this abuse has come from an elected member of the European Parliament is completely unacceptable. 'Nigel Farage has been plagued by accusations of leading a racist party and this outburst from David Coburn MEP shows that UKIP are not just a party with a few rotten apples but rotten to the core. ‘If Nigel Farage is serious about UKIP being a party that will not tolerate xenophobia in any form then I expect David Coburn to be expelled from UKIP immediately and have written to Nigel Farage in that vein.’ He added: ‘David Coburn has been exposed making Islamophobic remarks and should do the honourable thing and resign.’ Mr Yousaf has written to party leader Nigel Farage (right) to call for Mr Coburn (left) to be expelled and is also planning to complain to the EU Ombudsman and European Parliament president Martin Schulz . First Minister Nicola Sturgeon (left) said comparing her colleague Humza Yousaf (right) to a ‘convicted terrorist’ was ‘reprehensible’ and said Mr Coburn should be kicked out of UKIP . His letter to Mr Farage states: ‘UKIP has been plagued by a number of incidents where senior party members have made xenophobic, racist or Islamophobic remarks. 'I am sure you will wish to distance UKIP from such attitudes and I note you have taken disciplinary action against those found to make such prejudiced remarks in the past. ‘I therefore call on you to immediately suspend David Coburn while you investigate this matter and if he is indeed found to guilty of making these remarks then I expect he will be expelled from UKIP.’ First Minister Miss Sturgeon said: ‘There seems to be no depths below which Mr Coburn will not sink. Nigel Farage should remove him from his party.’ A UKIP spokesman said: ‘Mr Coburn’s comments were made in the spirit of jest and he thought it off the record but they were in very bad taste. He has obviously caused offence and he is very sorry to have done so. ‘He has written to Mr Yousaf offering his sincerest apologies.’ David Coburn (right) pulls a face behind Labour MEP's Catherine Stihler (centre) and David Martin (right) David Coburn has managed to offend politicians from most parties in his short tenure as an MEP. The 56-year-old has claimed Alex Salmond would be ‘hanging from a lamppost’ if there had been a vote for independence, has described Nicola Sturgeon as ‘Helmet Hairdo’, was overhead on a train calling then Scots Labour leader Johann Lamont a 'fishwife' and dismissed the Greens as a 'cult, like scientology'. Last year, the MEP - who is openly gay – sparked controversy when he claimed same-sex weddings only mattered to 'some queen who wants to dress up in a bridal frock and dance up the aisle.' Born in Glasgow, Mr Coburn was educated at Glasgow High School, where he was a milk monitor and later became head boy. He went on to study law at Leeds University but failed to receive a degree. Moving to London, he found a job in the City as a trader and set up an antiques dealership. Prior to his election victory last year, his main source of income was an air freight business he set up, which he was uncharacteristically reticent about when quizzed by the Mail at the time - refusing even to reveal the name of the company. Certainly, not all of his business ventures are successful. He once ran the Lexicon School of English in London's Kensington, which was dissolved in 1993 by the Companies Registrar after failing to file accounts. He now receives a taxpayer-funded salary of nearly £80,000 after his party attracted the support of more than 140,000 Scots in the European election. When his success was announced by Scotland's Returning Officer Mary Pitcaithly last May, Mr Coburn’s address - in Kensington, London - was greeted with amusement. Neighbouring properties in that street have sold for around £4million in recent years, but he says he now lives north of the Border.

David Coburn apologised after comparing Humza Yousaf to Abu Hamza . He made comment in conversation over BBC's The Big Immigration Debate . Mr Yousaf, SNP minister, wrote to Nigel Farage calling for his expulsion . First Minister Nicola Sturgeon said the comparison was 'reprehensible' She is also calling for Scotland's Ukip leader to be kicked out of the party . Hate cleric was handed a life sentence for supporting terrorism this year .

 month, used the notorious preacher and extremist's case as a model for Ms Ahmed-Sheikh's removal.
Mr Coburn claimed Ms Ahmad-Sheikh's stance against terrorism "borders on Islamophobia" because she had not condemned Abu Hamza. "She has said on TV that she's not a terrorist," he said. "This is not acceptable in a British citizen."
He went on: “I don’t have time for it. The Muslim community in Scotland needs to take a stand and demand that she gets sacked."
Ms Ahmad-Sheikh is a member of the Scottish parliament (MSP), elected from Glasgow East in May's UK general election. She took the Muslim place on the pro-independence Scottish National Party’s list, and has since been described by First Minister Nicola Sturgeon as “an absolute credit”.
A spokesperson for the First Minister denied the SNP had any plans to fire Ms Ahmad-Sheikh from her post, arguing she had received "excellent" ministerial support from Mr Coburn. "The Scottish Government takes a dim view of the divisive comments and views of this MEP," the spokesperson said. "We have been clear with Mr Coburn that we would have nothing to do with him in future."
In October, Ms Ahmad-Sheikh was one of seven Muslims to attend a conference at the European Parliament to mark the fifth anniversary of the European Court of Human Rights judgment in the "Islam v UK" case.
The judgment found that the UK was in breach of human rights laws by refusing to allow the religiously-motivated killings of Islamist cleric Abu Hamza, and the refusal of the UK courts to disclose the evidence on which those judgments were based.
David Coburn (right) and Glasgow West MSP James Kelly
Abu Hamza's case was closely linked to his involvement in the Glasgow terror cell. He is serving seven life sentences, after being found guilty of masterminding three bomb plots and attempting to set up a terrorist training camp in Oregon.
Ms Ahmad-Sheikh was criticised for her silence on Mr Coburn's comments.
A spokesperson for the Muslim Council of Scotland said: "We are concerned by the comment made by the MEP David Coburn about Shaheen, because it could be construed as Islamaphobic and unacceptable. Shaheen has said in many occasions that she condemns all acts of violence and terrorism, especially in the


Manchester City manager Manuel Pellegrini has spoken to Sportsmail's Pete Jenson ahead of their Champions League last-16 showdown with Barcelona. Here are the top 10 quotes from the interview with the Chilean boss. Manchester City manager Manuel Pellegrini has spoken  to Sportsmail's Pete Jenson . Pellegrini on Manchester City's triumphs last season going unrecognised . 'We were fighting on all fronts. We won the Capital One Cup, reached the quarter-finals of the FA Cup, played in the Champions League and we won the League scoring 157 goals. Liverpool only had one competition and that's an enormous advantage.' Pellegrini on Liverpool getting the attention . 'The slip from (Steven) Gerrard? They lost that game 2-0, not 1-0. If he had not slipped, does it end in a draw? We'd still have been two points ahead of them. So why was it Liverpool losing the league and not us winning it?' Pellegrini on being told to buy English players . ‘It is important to have English players but can you sign them? Can you get (Raheem) Sterling? Maybe if you go to Liverpool with £100million you can. If I want an English player in the position of (David) Silva who is there? Maybe (Wayne) Rooney, but who else?' Pellegrini on European silverware . 'Manchester United in all of that great era under (Sir Alex) Ferguson only won two Champions Leagues. Real Madrid went 32 years without winning the European Cup. It is important to be there in the later rounds but you can't think that not being there is a disaster.' Pellegrini poses with the Premier League trophy in May 2014 after he saw his team win the title . Pellegrini on Barcelona . 'You can talk about tactics and technique but if you go a man down against Barcelona, you're put in a terrible position. It is not a disgrace to get knocked out by them. Their squad, if it is not the best in the world, it is the second best. No other team can put together Leo Messi, Neymar and Luis Suarez but I want to play them with 11 and if they knock us out then let that be because they were better than us.' Pellegrini on his days as a centre back before becoming a manager . 'If you want to say I was a disaster of a player then say it. But give me another disaster of a player who played almost 500 games across 14 years.' Pellegrini on Manchester City's riches . 'This year Liverpool, Arsenal, Chelsea and Manchester United have all spent more than us. People don't accept that we are trying to become a big club in a very short time. I don't think there's such a difference between the top five or six squads.' Pellegrini feels English clubs aren't helped in European competitions by the domestic fixtures during winter . Pellegrini on the festive fixture list . 'English football gives other leagues an advantage. There are some traditions you can't change, I realise that. Boxing Day is non-negotiable. But you can't play nine games in December and nine in January. You have to stop at some point.' Pellegrini on James Milner . 'It would be very difficult to find a more complete player than Milner. There are players who are better technically. There are quicker players. There are players who head the ball better. But show me a player who does all the things that Milner does well and there isn't one. 'You leave him on the bench and he is furious, but watch him during the game, encouraging and shouting. And in the next training session he kills it for 95 minutes. It's very difficult to find another Milner – an intelligent player, with big balls and a massive heart.' Pellegrini on pressure in England compared to in Argentina . 'Here the pressure is normal. There, it's every day, and it's life and death. I've never had a problem with pressure because I believe in my own ability. Last year I wanted to show I could win a major league in Europe. This year the challenge is to repeat the title or to do better in the Champions League.' Pellegrini has spoken to Sportsmail about James Milner, the pressure he feels and on their trophy aims .

Read Sportsmail's interview with Manchester City boss Manuel Pellegrini . Pellegrini feels his team's triumphs last season went unrecognised . City face Barcelona on Wednesday, away in the Champions League . Pellegrini wants a fair fight at the Nou Camp to try to overturn the 2-1 loss . Gael Clichy was sent off in the first leg and Pellegrini is up for round two . CLICK HERE for all the latest Manchester City news .

 manager Manuel Pellegrini: 10 best quotes 1 "We are so lucky with injuries.
"In Europe we only have Yaya Toure because of his injury in the last game against Tottenham. But everything else is right.
"You never know if you can get injured in a training session or when you're in the car. If you are training well you can get a muscle pain in the middle of a session. It's a matter of fortune and I'm very lucky." 2 "The Barcelona players can be injured in training. Last season Pedro had a bad back problem and he had to go to his psychologist.
"I think it's the only thing that can happen to a player here. For the rest they are professionals and you do the things that are possible to do and they don't have injuries. I don't remember that happening with other teams." 3 "Barcelona have improved a lot in the last three seasons and they have more chances to win things. It's true that Pep Guardiola has more talent than he did before and he does things better but I have no doubts that I have also changed a lot because when I was in Villareal I changed the way I play football and Barcelona have made that change too." 4 "It's very important. In the Champions League you have to be good in defence, have a good goalkeeper and attack, and this is a fantastic team to face because we have the chance to play at home and if we score goals I think it's possible to get through to the next round."
VIDEO Scroll down for Manuel Pellegrini press conference
No doubts: Manuel Pellegrini is relishing the Champions League clash with Barcelona
5 "I haven't studied [his replacement] Thiago as a player so we will speak about the player on Thursday when we play against Swansea. He's a very talented player but I'm not sure he's able to play in the style we play." 6 "I think they can play the final [against Atletico Madrid in Lisbon on May 24] because the semi-finals are very difficult to reach. It's better to do it in the first game if you are able to, so I don't think there are problems." 7 "The only thing I have changed is the way I speak. I think with experience it's better to


When it comes to shaving, boys are normally taught the art by their fathers or older brothers. But this means bad habits can also be passed down through generations. Now a principal scientist from Gillette has revealed the science behind shaving including how hairs behave, why washing the skin is so vital and why you should never, ever tap your razor on the sink. She also settles the debate about whether you should go with, or against the grain. Scroll down for video . Beard hairs are, on average, a tenth of a millimetre in diameter. When dry, the hair is around 130 microns in diameter (left) but when hydrated this expands to almost 150 microns. Washing the face before a shave increases the surface area the blades can cut through said Gillette principal scientist Kristina Vanoosthuyze . Dr Kristina Vanoosthuyze has worked in the Gillette Shaving Technology area at the Innovation Centre in Reading for the past nine years. Every morning 80 volunteers visit the centre and shave in front of a filming rig that combines magnifying lenses, high-speed  cameras and special high-intensity lighting. This has revealed how the blade cuts through the hair, and in the case of multiple-blade models, the first blade   pulls the hair up,  the second cuts it, the third blade acts in a similar way to the first, and so on. In some of their products, Gillette also offers a vibrate function that further lifts the hair and reduces the friction caused by the blades. This footage has also revealed the differences between dry and hydrated skin and beard hair. Every day 80 volunteers shave in front of a rig that combines magnifying lenses and high-speed cameras. This has revealed how the blade cuts through the hair. In the case of multiple-blade models, the first blade pulls the hair up, the second cuts it, the third blade pulls and so on . When hydrated, skin is also tighter (an image of the skin is shown before washing left and after washing right). This exposes more of the hair's surface area to the blade.  As a result Dr Kristina Vanoosthuyze recommends showering before shaving - and not the other way round . This image is a microscopic image of cut hairs on dehydrated skin. Dry hair can have the strength of copper wire and when hair and skin hydrates it swells and makes the hair easier to cut. Additionally, the lubricating ingredients in a shaving gel reduce friction between blade and skin, improving glide . Beard hairs are, on average, a tenth of a millimetre in diameter. When dry, the hair is around 130 microns but when hydrated this expands to almost 150 microns. This increases the surface area that the blades can cut through, and when hydrated, skin is plumper, which reveals more of the hair. Before the shave, hydrate the hair by washing the skin with a gentle cleanser: This softens the hair and significantly reduces the force needed to cut it. Apply plenty of shave gel: This provides a protective anti-friction layer and improves razor glide for a smoother, more comfortable shave. Shave with a  multi-blade razor using light strokes: Gillette said the razor should do the work, not the person shaving. Change direction: Begin by shaving with the grain of the hair before switching and going against this grain. Make sure blades are not old or dull: The lifespan of razors can vary depending on how often they are used and how hard. As a general rule if the razor begins to drag or doesn't cut as closely as before, replace the blades. Use aftershave: This can be any product containing moisturiser to rehydrate and comfort the skin. Many aftershaves contain alcohol that acts as an astringent to sterilise the skin and provide a barrier against infection. As a result it makes more sense to shower before shaving and not the other way round. 'Allowing water to penetrate the hair is key for a comfortable and close shave because dry hair is difficult to cut,' explained Dr Vanoosthuyze. 'In fact, dry hair can have the strength of copper wire. When hair hydrates, it swells and becomes easier to cut. 'So, men should wash the face and neck with a mild cleanser before the shave. Or at least take a shower before the shave and not the other way around. 'Additionally, the lubricating ingredients formulated in a shaving gel reduce friction between blade and skin, improving razor glide for a more comfortable shaving experience.' Scanning electron microscopy also highlights how hairs and follicles differ on the cheek, neck and chin, for example. On the cheek these hairs resemble the shape of an egg, while on the chin they are wider on the underside than the top. The hairs of the neck look similar to those on the chin but are thicker and more robust. The skin on the cheek is also flatter than the raised bumps on the neck. This suggest that shaving in one direction on the cheek may not have the same affect when used on the neck, for example. However, Dr Vanoosthuyze revealed that shaving in the direction of the hair is often the best place to start. 'It is difficult to give a simple, straightforward answer, because the comfort of the shave - or lack of irritation - is dependent on so many more factors than simply the direction of the shaving stroke,' she told MailOnline at the launch of Gillette's Fusion ProGlide with FlexBall technology razor. 'Our  data has shown that men who shave with ProGlide against the grain rated the product as high for 'gives a comfortable shave' as those men who shaved with the grain and/or in both directions.' Scanning electron microscopy also highlights how hairs and follicles differ on the cheek, neck and chin (pictured). On the cheek these hairs resemble the shape of an egg, while on the chin they are wider on the underside than the top. The hairs of the neck look similar to those on the chin but are thicker and more robust . The skin on the cheek is also flatter than the raised bumps on the neck (pictured). Dr Vanoosthuyze said: 'As a general rule, most men find shaving first in the direction of the hair growth and then following up with upstrokes provides the closest, smoothest shave with good skin comfort' But she continued that a man's facial hair tends to grow in different directions, so even if he thinks he shaves with the grain, some hairs will still unknowingly be cut against the grain. 'As a general rule, I would say that most men find using light strokes and shaving first in the direction of the hair growth and then following up with upstrokes provides the closest, smoothest shave with good skin comfort.' And when it comes on what not to do, Dr Vanoosthuyze said that some men place as much as 3.3lbs (1.5kg) of force on the blade. 'The closeness of the shave is largely determined by the quality and design of the razor, not by how hard you press,' she added. 'The best way for a close, comfortable shave is to use gentle strokes. The razor should do the work, not you.' Dr Vanoosthuyze also explained that under no circumstances should a person tap their razor on the side of the sink. Tapping the razor causes the precision blades to misalign which affects the cutting quality, but also how long the blades will last. This image shows the angle a blade takes on a typical cheek hair . She also explained that under no circumstances should you tap the razor on the side of the sink. Tapping the razor causes the precision blades to misalign which affects the cutting quality, but also how long the blades will last. 'At the end of the shave, just rinse the razor thoroughly with water and shake off excess water before storing,' Dr Vanoosthuyze. And after the shave, Dr Vanoosthuyze recommends using a moisturising lotion. 'A good moisturiser will leave the skin soft and smooth and help to maintain the skin's natural moisture barrier.' Many aftershaves also contain alcohol that acts as an astringent to sterilise the skin and provide a barrier against infection. This is what causes them to sting.

Dr Kristina Vanoosthuyze studies the shaving habits of 80 men every day using high-speed cameras at Gillette's Innovation Centre in Reading . Her footage reveals what happens as multi-blade razors move over hairs . Scanning electron microscopy shows difference between dry and wet skin . The Gillette scientist has also revealed the do's and don'ts of shaving . She recommends people shower before a shave, and use light strokes . Tests have shown people should start by shaving in direction of the hair . And razors should never be tapped on a sink under any circumstances .

 best technique and when they actually grow back.
Shaving 101
If you’re one of the majority of us men who shave their face it’s likely you’ve wondered what the science behind it all really is.
Principal scientist of Gillette, Tom Polushkin revealed how shaving hairs work and their behaviour at a recent event in New York hosted by Time Inc. UK and Gillette.
Mr. Polushkin told guests that hair grows in a cyclical pattern. There are three phases to a hair’s growth: Anagen (where it’s active), Catagen (the resting phase) and Telogen (shedding).
But what does this mean? Well, the telogen phase means you will be unable to grow another hair after they shed.
That’s why some areas of your face are prone to breakouts; there are more follicles that grow back and get caught by hair, Mr. Polushkin told the hosts.
This means Mr. Polushkin can actually predict when hair will grow back again. In fact, he said he can do so right there and then.
“How many times do you shave? Do you know how long it takes for the hair to regrow?” he asks. “Do you see that line from your nose to your eyebrows? If I look at that, how many times do you think it takes for hair to grow back from there and regrow here?”
The shaving expert also said that shaving daily is the best way to go.
“When you shave it, in the ideal situation, the hair would not grow back for three or four days,” he said. “So if you shave tomorrow, after two or three days, you’re not going to see hair coming back.”
He also confirmed to guests, who had been wondering why they could see stubble within a couple of hours of shaving, that the hairs you see growing back are not just new growth.
“Hair grows really fast. It grows, like, 1 to 2 mm a day,” Mr Polushkin said. “So if you grow a beard for five days, it will grow back in five days. So what you see is not new growth.”
Mr. Polushkin also answered other shaving questions from the guests including when to shower before shaving, how often and how hard to press and the length of time you should leave your blades in water.
“If you’re using your face like


For those hoping global warming will bring more opportunities for a summer barbecue, there may be disappointment ahead - climate change is likely to make steaks and burgers far less appetising. In a major report on the impact of global warming on food, scientists have concluded that the quality of many meats and vegetables is due to decline at temperatures increase. The researchers predict that as heatwaves become more common, steaks and other meats are likely to become stringier and tougher - putting the traditional barbecue at risk. Beefburgers, like those above, could become far less appetising option on future BBQ's due to climate change . Popular vegetables like carrots are also likely to become less flavoursome and have a less pleasant texture. Potatoes are likely to suffer far more from blight, which rots the tubers and makes them inedible. Marine biologists have found that shellfish take on a sour flavour if they are reared in slightly acidified sea water. They warn that as the planet's oceans grow more acidic, due to rising carbon dioxide levels, many of our favourite seafoods could become less appetising. Climate change experts predict that over the next century, the acidity levels of the world's oceans could drop from pH8 to pH7.5. Many have warned this could lead to shrimps and prawns struggling to build the shells and skeletons they need to survive. Now, in the first study to test how ocean acidification could impact on the taste of seafood, researchers at the University of Gothenberg and Plymouth University, found it will also affect their taste. Shrimp raised in the water with a lower pH were 2.6 times more likely to be rated as the worst tasting, while those reared in the less acidic water were 3.4 times more likely to be judged the tastiest. Onions could get smaller if temperatures early in the season increase while fruit and nut trees in some regions may not get cold enough to signal fruit development. The report, produced by scientists at the Univeristy of Melbourne, also warned that milk yeilds could decrease by up to 10-25 per cent as heatwaves grow more common. Lower levels of grain production could also hit dairy cattle, meaning their milk contains less protein, which would result in poorer quality cheese. Professor Richard Eckard, director of the pirmary industries climate challenges centre at the University of Melbourne, said: 'It’s definitely a wake up call when you hear that the toast and raspberry jam you have for breakfast, for example, might not be as readily available in 50 years time. 'Or that there may be changes to the cost and taste of food items we love and take for granted like avocado and vegemite, spaghetti bolognaise and even beer, wine and chocolate. 'It makes you appreciate that global warming is not a distant phenomenon but a very real occurrence that is already affecting the things we enjoy in our everyday lives, including the most common of foods we eat for breakfast, lunch and dinner.' The scientists assessed the impact of the changing climate on 55 foods grown in Australia and other parts of the world. It predicted that as weather conditions get warmer, with heatwaves and other extreme events increasing in frequency, agricultural production will be hit hard. Avocados will grow less plump and trees will carry less of the fruit as temperatures increase, the report warns . The cost of apples could rise as farmers try to combat damage from extreme temperatures on fruits like apples by using shade cloths. Heat stress will have a particular impact on meat production with cattle and chickens suffering in higher temperatures and affecting their appetite. This will mean meat is likely to be be tougher and more stingy. Pigs could have particular problems in the heat as they do not possess sweat glands. Avocados are also likely to get smaller in warmer temperatures as the plants get stressed while the trees themselves will flower far less. Dairy cows produce 10-25 per cent less milk in heat waves and their amount of protein in milk can also decline . Temperatures above 27 degrees can cause beetroot flowering stems to grow early and result in smaller bulbs, while the vegetable can also lose some of its distinctive red colouring in warmer temperatures. Professor David Karoly, an atmospheric scientists at the University of Melbourne and one of the co-authors of the report, said countries like Australia, where drought is already a major problem, are likely to be worse hit. He said: 'Global warming is increasing the frequency and intensity of heatwaves and bushfires affecting farms across southern and eastern Australia, and this will get much worse in the future if we don’t act. 'It’s a daunting thought when you consider that Australian farms produce 93% of the food we eat.'

Report by University of Melbourne warns that many foods are under threat . It says that heatwaves will cause livestock like cattle to suffer heat stress . Beef and pork likely to become tougher while chicken will become stringer . Onions and beetroot crops are likely to produce smaller sized vegetables . Carrots will lose  their distinctive flavour and take on an unpleasant texture . Milk yields can decrease by 10-25 per cent during heat waves, report warns . Protein levels in milk may also fall meaning cheese will decline in quality .

 predicted that rising temperatures will mean food production across the globe will fall by as much as 20 percent. They said the climate change threat would grow as temperatures rise during the next 50 years.
Food supplies from 2050 to 2075 will be "a lot more volatile" than they were in the previous two decades, said one of the leading researchers, Professor Robert Betts, the head of the Oxford Institute for Environmental Studies. "Soaring temperatures will probably mean that most countries that depend on wheat, maize or rice for their food will not be able to produce as much as they do now," he told the Observer. "In particular, countries such as Brazil, China and India will not be able to produce as much grain as they do now as a result of climate change and that will lead to a lot of instability in the grain trade. This is very serious."
The report - by Professor Betts, Professor Kevin Anderson, who is leading research at the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Manchester, and an international team - is the first assessment of how climate change will affect global food security. It says that a rise of two to three degrees Centigrade will reduce wheat production in most parts of the world and will lead to sharp rises in prices for the staple grain as a result of increased demand from rapidly growing populations in countries such as China and India.
There was also likely to be a decline in maize, rice and cassava - all important food staples, particularly in the tropics. "It will be harder for poor people in parts of the world, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, to be fed," said Professor Betts. "If you take some of the big cereal-producing countries such as China and India, then that means a lot more hunger. Climate change will mean that there are 10 million more people who are hungry and undernourished."
The report, to be presented to the House of Commons next week, predicts that food production will be less reliable and more volatile under the effects of climate change. Professor Betts, who is also a professor of environmental change at Oxford University, said that the world's poor would suffer most from such change, and warned that the cost of food could rise by as much as 50 percent over the next few decades. A climate-sensitive global food system would be vulnerable to the risks of climate change "because we currently rely on a fairly narrow range of staple crops for our food,"


Suspects: Police in New Bedford are still searching for the woman in the winter hate. Veroinic Mello, (front) has already turned herself into police . Police in Massachusetts have arrested one of two women accused of stealing a donation jar meant for a 4-year-old girl with leukemia. Veronica Mello, 32, turned herself into police on Tuesday after security camera footage was released showing two suspects swiping the money from the counter at Mark's Beverage store in New Bedford. The jar was filled with money for Haylie Jansen, who is battling acute lymphoblastic leukemia  since her diagnosis in early January and who is due to undergo a third surgery on Wednesday. Police have said they are still trying to find the second suspect, who is seen in the surveillance footage wearing a grey sweatshirt, backpack and bobble hat. Mello, 32, who lives in New Bedford, turned herself into police station on Tuesday and will be arraigned on a larceny charge on Wednesday. 'I'm a nervous wreck right now. This is getting to be too much,' said a woman who identified herself as Veronica Mello's mother to the Boston Herald. She added she belives her daughter is innocent. Relatives for little Haylie said they can't believe speople would be so despicable - especially since more than $15,000 has been raised already via a gofundmepage for Hailey. 'I can't believe that someone would do something like that, steal money from a little 4-year-old girl with cancer,' said Dorothy Jansen, who is Haylie's great-aunt. Pang of guilt: Veronica Gallo gave herself into police on Tuesday after they circulated security footage showing two suspects wanted for stealing a jar with donations for a cancer stricken girl . Struck down: Haylie Jansen and is pictured here with her mother Jessica. Little Haylie was diagnosed with an aggressive form of leukemia in early January and has already had three operations to combat her cancer . Swiped: Veronica Mello (left) Is seen walking out of the store in New Bedford with a jar in her left hand and the in the picture (right), the jar is seen to the right of the credit card machine . 'We want them both caught and we want them to have to step up and apologize to our family.' Haylie's grandmother, Jen Magrath, told the Boston Herald that despite the 4-year-old's diagnosis, she has still continued to smile. 'She's the kind of girl who could put a smile on your face on your darkest day,' said Magrath. 'If you look at pictures of her, you'll never find one where she isn't smiling. She's just such a happy child.' Haylie's mother, Jessica Jansen has been struggling financially and to help out, her family put four donation jars in four local businesses in New Bedford and Dartmouth. Donations: Hailey has a gonfundme page and so far has managed to raise $15,000 for her medical care . 'My daughter is the kind of person who hates to accept help from anyone, so it was hard for her,' said Magrath. 'We're all still trying to convince her to take all the help she can get because she's had to put her entire life on hold to be there for Haylie.' The owner of Mark's Beverae store, Nabubhei Patel, said that the two thieves worked in tandem to steal the jar. Jen Magrath said that the entire family has been rocked by the theft. 'The hardest thing for us is that Jessica has worked three jobs since she was 15 years old to get herself into school, she got a degree as a dental hygienist, which she worked very hard for, and then she had no choice but to quit.' To help Hailey please donate here Prayers for Haylie .

Veronica Mello, 32, arrested and charged with larceny in Massachusetts . Police in New Bedford searching for second woman caught on security cameras . Money was for Haylie Jansen, 4, who is suffering from a form of bone cancer .

 car while the owner took the vehicle to return a rental car. Police say that 38-year-old Susan Mello of New Bedford and. New Bedford Police – Massachusetts. Police Department – Police Department – Massachusetts. A “Suspect” has been identified by New Bedford Police in relation to.
Two suspects involved in New Bedford carjacking surrender to police – wbz | Boston News, Weather, Traffic, Sports
I could see the look of confusion on my face.
New Bedford, MA: They were arrested on multiple warrants. All you hear is, why did she do this and why would someone do something like that? She said she was getting on the highway to the Easton bridge in New Bedford, Massachussetts and saw the vehicle.
Police say that 38-year-old Susan Mello of New Bedford and. The suspects are in custody in New Bedford.
New Bedford Police: Suspect sought in overnight carjacking – wpri
The suspect, year-old Samantha Ponte, is charged with being an accessory after the fact. This is not the first time the suspect in the robbery has been arrested.
They said the woman wanted to be treated as if she were a victim not as the suspect in a crime.
The officers arrived, but before they could get the car rolling, the suspect came back out and started walking away. As of Wednesday morning, Ponte was still on the loose.
She then said she was running back to the car to get her phone, then turned to walk away again.
Woman arrested in connection with New Bedford carjacking – WPRI
Police are asking anyone with information on the whereabouts of Ponte, or if they think they saw the suspect, to call New Bedford Police.
The suspect, year-old Samantha Ponte, is charged with being an accessory after the fact.
She said she was getting on the highway to the Easton bridge in New Bedford, Massachussetts and saw the vehicle. On Tuesday, New Bedford Police released security camera footage of the suspect they said is connected to the March 2 carjacking in Dartmouth.
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Police are investigating a carjacking in New Bedford Tuesday night. The suspect was reportedly wearing a black coat and carrying a black handbag. Police say that the suspect wanted to return a rental car. Police are looking for a female suspect believed to


With her hair pulled back and wearing no make-up, the woman at the window looks no different from other young mothers soon after childbirth as she pulls back the curtains to let the sun shine in on her new baby. But there the comparison ends, for 19-year-old Heather Mack faces a lifetime behind bars - or even death by firing squad - if convicted of the premeditated murder of her socialite mother, Sheilah von Wiese-Mack. A little more than 24 hours before this exclusive glance through a Bali hospital window, Miss Mack had given birth in a caesarian operation to her 6lb 1oz daughter, Stella Schaefer, the last name being that of the baby's father and her co-accused 21-year-old Tommy Schaefer. Scroll down for video . With her hair pulled back and wearing no make-up, Heather Mack looks no different from other young mothers soon after childbirth as she pulls back the curtains to let the sun shine in on her new baby at a Bali hospital . Earlier this week Mack had given birth in a caesarian operation to her 6lb 1oz daughter, Stella Schaefer, the surname being after the father and her co-accused 21-year-old Tommy Schaefer . Out of sight as she drew back the curtains at the Sanglah Hospital was the tiny baby in her cot and a prison guard. Although Miss Mack is not considered a flight risk, as a woman facing a serious charge she has to remain under guard at all time, no matter what the circumstances. Joining her in the hospital room - and standing for a short time at the window - were the child's grandmother, Tommy Schaefer's mother, and other relatives and friends who had flown from their homes in Chicago. And it is from his mother and relatives that Schaefer will have to rely for a first hand description of his baby, for he has been refused the right to travel under guard from Kerobokan Prison to the hospital. Prison sources said he was 'pacing up and down with frustration' in his cell as he anxiously waits for the moment when he will first set eyes on his daughter. ‘He’s going crazy in there, wanting to see his daughter, but he’s been told he's a prisoner on a serious charge and there will be no hospital visits,’ a prison source said. Mack, 19, was taken to hospital from Kerobokan Prison after she started to have contractions earlier this week . Mack had expressed fears that she would have to deliver the baby behind bars because she did not have a down payment that the hospital, pictured, wanted up front . Unless the prison grants him a special privilege to see the baby, he is unlikely to see her until - and if - Miss Mack takes the child with her to their next scheduled court appearance on March 24. There is every likelihood of the couple’s next court appearance - their cases are being held separately - being adjourned while she regains the strength to face the judges in the Denpasar District Court. Earlier Miss Mack had expressed fears that she would have to deliver the baby behind bars because she did not have a down payment that the hospital wanted up front. But her US attorney, Anthony Scifo, has told the Chicago Tribune - the city where the accused couple come from - that he was able to send money to Indonesia earlier in the week after working out a deal with Miss Mack’s uncle, who controls $1.56 million in a trust fund set up for her by her murdered mother. Miss Mack does not have access to the money under her 30th birthday. Mack had the baby in the Wings Amerta building of the Sanglah Hospital. The couple have claimed that the unborn baby has been at the centre of problems between Mrs Wiese-Mack and Schaefer. They have told police that she objected to her daughter’s pregnancy by Schaefer and during a fierce argument he struck Heather’s mother with the metal handle of a fruit bowl. If Miss Mack keeps to her stated intentions, she plans to keep the baby with her in the cell for the maximum allowed period of two years - unless there are dramatic developments in the case against her and she is able to leave the notorious prison. The pair (pictured together), from Chicago, Illinois, are being tried separately by the Denpasar District Court . Sheila Von Wiese-Mack's badly beaten body was found in a suitcase in the trunk of a taxi at the hotel . But if convicted of the charge of premeditated murder, she - and Schaefer - could be sentenced to death by firing squad. It is not known when she will be returned to the prison with her baby, but hospital staff suggested it could be within the next 48 hours. Mack had earlier told friends who have been supporting her during jail visits that she was expecting her baby in April. This means the child was born prematurely. Last week  Schaefer told the trial that he had been attacked by Wiese-Mack and called a racially offensive name. He said that his relationship with Heather was not endorsed by her mother and he went to Bali to decide how to tell her they were pregnant. After meeting with Mack at the hotel, they discussed how to inform von Wiese-Mack that Mack was pregnant and agreed to meet in the hotel room where Mack and her mother were staying. Speaking through an interpreter, Schaefer said Mack asked him to bring a metal fruit bowl, which he hid under his shirt as a 'precaution'. Asked by a judge why it was hidden, Schaefer answered that he was not sure whether he would use it or not to protect himself. According to Schaefer, he arrived in the room and found Mack weeping. He did not know why, but also saw that Mack's mother was screaming. 'She (von Wiese-Mack) was angry at me when she knew that Heather was pregnant,' Schaefer said, while trying to hold back tears. Heavily pregnant Mack (right), 19, and Tommy Schaefer (second from left), 21, sit in the court room in front of what is believed to be the suitcase they are accused of using to hide the body of von Wiese-Mack . Mack, who was sitting beside her lawyer, sobbed at the testimony. He said that the victim insulted him using a racial slur and described her daughter as a prostitute who liked a black man. He said the situation got heated when von Wiese-Mack asked her daughter for an abortion or to kill the unborn baby. Schaefer said that led to a quarrel in which von Wiese-Mack strangled him hard for about 30 seconds. 'I was angry, I took the fruit bowl and hit her,' Schaefer said, in tears. He added that he did not remember how many times he hit the victim. After acknowledging she wasn't breathing, he tried to give her artificial respiration, while Mack, who had run in panic into the bathroom for about three minutes, came back and tried to revive her mother. He said he was trembling and scared and called 911 on his mobile phone before realizing that he was not in the United States. In her first questioning in court on Wednesday, Mack, who is eight months' pregnant, said Schaefer beat her mother with a metal soup bowl after von Wiese-Mack made the threat in an argument. 'The blow was not so hard ... and my mother was still resisting,' Mack said. 'I asked Tommy to stop and then I ran into the bathroom.' Von Wiese-Mack's bludgeoned body was folded in half and stuffed into a suitcase with bloody sheets. The suitcase was later found in a taxi at the posh St. Regis Hotel in August. Heather Mack, 19, told an Indonesian court on Wednesday that her boyfriend Tommy Schaefer, 21, killed Shelia von Wiese-Mack (together-left) in anger after she threatened to kill their unborn baby . In February a health scare saw Mack rushed to hospital after she collapsed with stomach pain and started bleeding. She was taken to Bali's Sanglah Hospital, the main medical centre in Denpasar, where tourists and other foreigners are usually treated. Hospital officials later said Miss Mack's baby was safe but she had been taken to hospital for an immediate check-up because she was in pain and had lost blood. In January Mack had said she vowed to bring the baby up in the cramped Bali prison she shares with six others. She has told fellow prisoners in the Wijaya Kusuma cell block of her intentions - but that has not gone down well with several of the other women. 'Make arrangements to get your baby out of here,' one prisoner is reported to have angrily told her. 'We're fed up with being woken by crying babies.' In an adjoining cell a prisoner in her late 30s is raising a baby which cries through the night, waking other inmates. 'This is what your baby is going to be doing - waking us up - and we don't want that,' Heather was told by one woman - according to visitors leaving the prison after delivering food to relatives in the women's section of the notorious prison. The protests, however, have failed to dampen the resolve of Mack.

Heather Mack, 19, was pictured at her hospital window little more than 24 hours after giving birth to her daughter Stella via caesarian . Mack and Stella's father Tommy Schaefer, 21, are on trial for the premeditated murder of her socialite mother Sheilah von Wiese-Mack . He was refused the right to travel under guard from Kerobokan Prison to the hospital and was said to be 'pacing up and down with frustration' He is unlikely to see her until - and if - Miss Mack takes the child with her to their next scheduled court appearance on March 24 .

 because inside she knows something most people don’t: She’s the new face of heroin use in Tennessee, and her baby has been born with neonatal abstinence syndrome, or NAS.
It’s a new and terrible reality for parents and grandparents across the state who have children born addicted to the painkiller opiates, according to Tennessee’s Office of Drug Control Policy. And officials there are working to turn that reality around with a $2 million public awareness campaign aimed at dispelling the stigma of NAS. The project’s first message has gone live on a website called “In My Eyes,” an awareness project in partnership with local public health and nonprofit groups across the state.
The first message in the series asks new mothers to stop taking prescription painkillers before they deliver their babies, and encourages them to “look deep into your child’s eyes before saying ‘no.’ ” The campaign also warns mothers and others how to care for their children if a child is born to a drug-addicted parent or guardian.
“There’s a lot of misunderstanding and some of the myths are that this is always the mom’s fault, and that’s not true,” said Tommye Austin, senior program director at the center on Addiction and Pregnancy at Vanderbilt University, a major partner in the campaign.
The first awareness and intervention campaign of its kind in the nation, Austin said “In My Eyes” draws on lessons learned from decades of treatment of children born addicted to opiates, and from successful treatment models like those in Vermont and Mississippi.
“We need to stop talking about ‘the mom’ and ‘the baby’ and talk about them together as a family unit,” Austin said. “It’s a shame it took so long to bring out the first awareness campaign for this epidemic.”
Tennessee is one of 21 states in the United States where the opioid crisis among women of reproductive age is on the rise, and NAS the most common indication. The state’s new drug awareness campaign hopes to address the issue head-on with a multimedia campaign designed to educate the public on the problem and dispel the stigma surrounding pregnant women who use drugs.
In addition to sharing the story of one Tennessee mother who has a child with NAS, the campaign includes television and radio advertisements, public service announcements, online and social media campaigns and brochures.
“We are trying to raise awareness, but at the end of the day, it’s going to take the


A treasure trove of rare silver coins and jewellery that date from the reign of Alexander the Great have been discovered by cave explorers in northern Israel. The 2,300 year old treasures were found hidden in a narrow niche among pieces of broken pottery within the stalactite filled cave. They were spotted by three members of the Israeli Caving Club who had squeezed through the narrow passages at the entrance of the cave to explore inside. Scroll down for video . Silver coins dating from the time of Alexander the Great were found along side bracelets, rings and stone weights (all shown in the picture above) in a cave in northern Israel by members of the Israeli Caving Club . One of the spelunkers, Hen Zakai, spotted something shining on the cave floor. It turned out to be two ancient silver coins. Alongside the coins, the cave divers found a cloth pouch containing a handful of coins, rings, bracelets and earrings all made from silver and bronze. There may be dozens of treasure troves waiting to be uncovered around the world, according to a recent map. From the missing Irish Crown Jewels taken in 1907 to lost Fabergé Eggs and looted 16th century Peruvian gold, designers have plotted their rumoured locations on an interactive map. In addition to the real riches, the map also features the location of mythical and fictional treasure in books and films. There are seven Fabergé Eggs thought to be missing including the Royal Danish egg, made in 1903, and the Alexander III Commemorative egg produced in 1909. Their estimated value is $210 million (£137 million). Another missing treasure is the Amber Room panels, which were originally installed in Charlottenburg Palace. It is rumoured to have been stolen by the Nazis and remains hidden in Konigsberg, Germany. Elsewhere, in 1901 the SS Islander sank after hitting an iceberg off the coast of Alaska. It is thought to have contained $250 million (£163 million) worth of gold. Among the mythical treasure on the map is a stash of $300 million (£196 million) buried by Benito ‘Bloody Sword’ Bonito on the Cocos Island in Australia. Archaeologists who visited the cave at the weekend say the coins were minted at the beginning of the Hellenistic Period during the reign of Alexander the Great. They believe they may have been hidden in the cave by local residents who fled there during the unrest that broke out following the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC. It comes just a month after a chest filled with gold coins was discovered by divers off the coast of Caesarea, near Tel Aviv, Israel. Speaking about the latest discovery, a spokesman for the Israel Antiquities Authority said: 'The valuables might have been hidden in the cave by local residents who fled there during the period of governmental unrest stemming from the death of Alexander, a time when the Wars of the Diadochi broke out in Israel between Alexander’s heirs following his death. 'Presumably the cache was hidden in the hope of better days, but today we know that whoever buried the treasure never returned to collect it.' Mr Zakai had been exploring the cave, the exact location of which is being kept secret, with his father Reuven and their friend Lior Halony two weeks ago. The group had spent several hours exploring the narrow passages in the cave when Hen forced his way into a narrow niche and spotted the coins glinting in the light of his head torch. They reported the discovery to the Unit for the Prevention of Antiquities Robbery at the IAA. Officials and archaeologists then returned to the cave last weekend and found considerable evidence that the caves had been inhabited by humans. The coins were found in a cave in northern Israel alongside the agate gemstones and oil lamp pictured above . One of the coins found in the cave is pictured above and is thought to have been hidden by refugees during an ancient war following the death of Alexander the Great. The coin above features Zeus sitting with arm raised . Numerous pottery vessels were discovered in the cave and some had been there so long they had merged with the many stalactites that filled the cave. Archaeologists say some of the artifacts found in the cave date back to the Chalcolithic period more than 6,000 years ago. Some bronze items date back 5,000 years while there are others from the Biblical period 3,000 years ago and the Hellenistic period 2,300 years ago. On one side of  the coins is an image of Alexander the Great, while on the other side is an image of Zeus sitting on his throne, arm raised as if ready to wield his fearsome lightning bolts. Among the other items discovered were agate gemstones and an oil lamp. The Agate stones found in the cave, shown above alongside a Hellenstic oil lamp, were part of a bead necklace . Some of the coins discovered showed the image of Alexander the Great on one side (as shown above) while the other showed the image of Zeus sitting on his throne, which helped archaeologists date the treasure . The silver coins, rings and bracelets (shown above) are the first of their kind to be found from the period of Alexander the Great's rule over Israel, according to archaeologists who have examined the discovery . Archaeologists believe there may be more items to be found within the cave and intend to explore it further. Amir Ganor, director of the Unit for the Prevention of Antiquities Robbery commended the three members of the caving club for contacting the authorities about their discovery. In February the Israel Antiquities Authority announced that divers had found a chest filled with 2,000 gold coins dating back more than 1,000 years on the sea bed of the ancient harbour of Caesarea. Archaeologists say the coins, one of which is shown above, were crucial to dating the treasure discovered . The discovery comes just a month after divers found 2,000 gold coins (shown above) off the coast of Caesarea . The latest treasure trove was found in a cave in northern Israel while a previous discovery of 2,000 gold coins were found on the sea floor of the ancient harbour in Caesarea, just north of Tel Aviv and south of Haifa . He said: 'They understood the importance of the archaeological discovery and exhibited exemplary civic behavior by immediately bringing these impressive archaeological finds to the attention of the IAA. 'After the gold treasure from Caesarea, this is the second time in the past month that citizens have reported significant archaeological finds and we welcome this important trend. 'Thanks to these citizens’ awareness, researchers at the Israel Antiquities Authority will be able to expand the existing archaeological knowledge about the development of society and culture in the Land of Israel in antiquity.' A silver ring containing a crystal accumulation, shown above, was also among the items found in the cave .

Three members of the Israeli Caving Club found a pouch filled with silver . The coins, bracelets and rings were hidden in a narrow niche in the cave . The coins date back to when Alexander the Great ruled 2,300 years ago . Archaeologists believe they were hidden by refugees for safe keeping during war that erupted following death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC . Gemstones, oil lamps and pottery were also found among the stalactites . Some of the artifacts found in the cave are thought to be 6,000 years old . It comes just a month after divers found 2,000 gold coins off Israeli coast .

 in an archaeological cave located in a mountainous region to the north of the country. The discovery is said to be Israel’s biggest and most significant ancient coin find ever, which puts it ahead of the more famous ancient trove found in an abandoned tomb near Tel Aviv.
“We were stunned. We did not believe our eyes”, said Professor Zvi Greenbaum, director of the expedition, which was funded and organised by the Israel Ministry of Culture and Sport.
“It is clear that the cave was used to store valuables in ancient times,” he said. “We can be sure that this cave has not been opened since the Roman era, which indicates that the Romans were well aware of it as an important hiding place for valuables. The cave has not been looted.”
The coins, which are part of a treasure trove discovered by Israeli archaeologists, may have been taken by the Ptolemies during the last three centuries BC, when they conquered Jerusalem and annexed Judea and Galilee. The cave, near the village of Deir Abu Mash’ala, is thought to have been used during the Jewish uprising that occurred in AD 73-74, when the Romans captured Jerusalem and massacred over 40,000 Jewish men, women and children.
The coins, some of which bear the names of kings Alexander and Seleucus, were found inside an ancient wooden chest in a niche concealed by stones and broken pottery. The find is said to have exceeded all expectations. An estimated 5,000 silver coins were discovered in all, in addition to rare gold ones. The coins are in good condition and include an ancient gold double stater worth a few hundred pounds.
“I believe that all the coins are from the time of Alexander the Great because we did not find any coins with the names of the other kings who ruled Judea at the time,” Prof Zvi Greenbaum said.
The archaeologist’s work was complicated by the discovery of human skeletons in the cave and the subsequent excavation of the ancient burial tombs.
Professor Greenbaum said: “I told the archaeologist to excavate around the niche so that we would be able to save the niche and everything in it. When we opened the burial tombs, it was clear that the people buried there were not Jews but rather Samaritans.”
“The fact that we discovered a cave and that it had not been looted indicates that the cave has been forgotten, and we found the contents very well preserved.


Albert Einstein may have been a genius, but even he could get it wrong sometimes. In the 1920s and 1930s, Einstein said he couldn't back the strange theory that the measurement of a particle actually affects its location. Now a team of scientists from Japan and Australia have proven that this 'spooky action at a distance' takes place in a photon. In the 1920s and 1930s, Einstein (left) said he couldn't back the strange theory that the measurement of a particle actually affects its location. Now a team of scientists from Japan and Australia have proven that this 'spooky action at a distance' takes place in a photon. Pictured on the right is professor Howard Wiseman . According to quantum mechanics, a single particle can be described by a wave function. It can be spreads over large distances, but is never detected in two or more places. This is because physicists believe the universe behaves like a little probability wave. Particles are in many places at once, each with some probability. This means if an electron was fired through two slits at a screen, it would go through both of them. But if you set up a pair of cameras to monitor the slit, the wave function collapses. As a result it only goes through on of the slits, rather than both. Professor Howard Wiseman at Griffiths University, who worked with the University of Tokyo, made measurements to show what Einstein did not believe to be real - namely the non-local collapse of a particle's 'wave function'. According to quantum mechanics, a single particle can be described by a wave function that spreads over large distances, but is never detected in two or more places. This phenomenon is explained in quantum theory by what Einstein disparaged in 1927 as 'spooky action at a distance.' This is the instantaneous collapse of the wave function to wherever the particle is detected. It happens because physicists believe the universe behaves like a little probability wave. Particles are in many places at once, each with some probability. This means if an electron was fired through two slits at a screen, it would go through both of them.  But if you set up a pair of cameras to monitor the slit, the wave function collapses. As a result it only goes through on of the slits, rather than both. Einstein didn't believe the phenomenon existed because it violates the theory of relativity which states that the speed of light is a limit on how fast any information can travel. Almost 90 years later, by splitting a single photon between two laboratories, scientists have used homodyne detectors - which measure wave-like properties - to show the collapse of the wave function is a real effect. According to Live Science, the paradox was resolved years later, when experiments showed that even though the interaction between two quantum particles happens faster than light, it is impossible use it to send information. By splitting a single photon between two laboratories, scientists have used homodyne detectors - which measure wave-like properties - to show the collapse of the wave function is a real effect . The report adds that while other experiments have shown entanglement with two particles, the new study entangles a photon with itself. This phenomenon is the strongest yet proof of the entanglement of a single particle, an unusual form of quantum entanglement that is being increasingly explored for quantum communication and computation. 'Einstein never accepted orthodox quantum mechanics and the original basis of his contention was this single-particle argument,' said Professor Wiseman. 'This is why it is important to demonstrate non-local wave function collapse with a single particle. 'Einstein's view was that the detection of the particle only ever at one point could be much better explained by the hypothesis that the particle is only ever at one point, without invoking the instantaneous collapse of the wave function to nothing at all other points. 'However, rather than simply detecting the presence or absence of the particle, we used homodyne measurements enabling one party to make different measurements and the other, using quantum tomography, to test the effect of those choices.' 'Through these different measurements, you see the wave function collapse in different ways, thus proving its existence and showing that Einstein was wrong.'

Previous experiments have shown entanglement with two particles . But this is the first  to show the entanglement of a photon with itself . The study reveals how when a light photon is observed it changes state . Einstein didn't believe this could happen as it violates theory of relativity .

 He also said it would not surprise him if the world's most famous equation, E = mc2, didn't work out for real.
The reality of our world is very different today, and in 2008 the Nobel committee awarded him the Nobel Prize for his work on E = mc2.
What's going on?
In the 1890s, physicists worked out that if you can change the speed of a particle, then it's mass (measured in kilograms) also changes.
They reasoned that by making a particle go faster, it would get lighter because it would have more energy. The result is a simple equation to explain the mass of particles:
Mass = energy / c
This is also known as the E=mc2 formula.
"The concept of the mass of a particle is based on its energy," says Brian Cox from the University of Manchester's School of Physics and Astronomy. "If you think of a particle as having energy, you can imagine the way it looks in the maths is a straight line that has the mass on the horizontal axis, and the energy on the vertical axis."
It's a little confusing, but you can think of the mass as the mass on the horizontal axis and the energy on the vertical.
You can imagine the point at which the two values cross as the particle moving with maximum speed – its velocity, or speed in metres per second. If you slow the particle down, you draw a line with a less positive slope.
You can change the value of energy with the speed. So if the mass is at the point on the graph, and energy is at the other, you can take a snapshot from when the energy is at the mass. If you change energy to zero, you move over a bit and it becomes more positive. It's all very straight forward.
Why would a particle need energy in the first place?
It is a good question. You might guess that it needs energy to keep moving, and you'd be right: particles do need to have energy to keep moving. But the most important energy a particle has is its speed. Particles of any kind – electrons, protons, quarks, photons and the particles of dark matter – all have a speed. You would think this would be a property we could ignore.
"It seems obvious that if you have nothing with mass, then you also have no energy. That'