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README.md CHANGED
@@ -4,6 +4,8 @@ language:
4
  - en
5
  base_model:
6
  - mistralai/Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501
 
 
7
  pipeline_tag: text-generation
8
  tags:
9
  - smiles
@@ -11,36 +13,38 @@ tags:
11
  - reasoning
12
  ---
13
 
14
- # ether0
15
-
16
- <img src="./images/ether0_logo.svg" width="200">
17
 
 
18
 
 
19
 
20
- ether0 is a 24B language model trained to reason in English and output molecular structures as SMILES.
21
  It is derived from fine-tuning and reinforcement learning training from Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501.
22
- Ask questions in English, but they may also include molecules specified as SMILES. The SMILES do not need to be canonical and may contain stereochemistry information.
 
23
  ether0 has limited support for IUPAC names.
24
 
25
  ## Usage
26
- This model is trained to reason in English and output a molecule.
 
27
  It is NOT a general purpose chat model.
28
- It has been trained specifically for these tasks:
29
-
30
- * IUPAC name to SMILES
31
- * Molecular formula (Hill notation) to SMILES, optionally with constraints on functional groups
32
- * modifying solubilities on given molecules (SMILES) by specifc LogS, optionally with constraints about scaffolds/groups/similarity
33
- * Matching pKa to molecules, proposing molecules with a pKa, or modifying molecules to adjust pKa
34
- * Matching scent/smell to molecuels and modifying molecules to adjust scent
35
- * Matching human cell receptor binding + mode (e.g., agonist) to molecule or modifying a molecule's binding effect. Trained [from EveBio](https://data.evebio.org/)
36
- * ADME properties (e.g., MDDK efflux ratio, LD50)
37
- * GHS classifications (as words, not codes, like "carcinogen"). For example, "modify this molecule to remove acute toxicity."
38
- * Quantitative LD50 in mg/kg
39
- * Proposing 1-step retrosynthesis from likely commercially available reagents
40
- * Predicting a reaction outcome
41
- * Gemeral natural language description of a specific molecule to that molecule (inverse molecule captioning)
42
- * Natural product elucidation (formula + organism to SMILES) - e.g, "A molecule with formula C6H12O6 was isolated from Homo sapiens, what could it be?"
43
- * Matching blood-brain barrier permeability (as a class) or modifying
44
 
45
  For example, you can ask "Propose a molecule with a pKa of 9.2" or "Modify CCCCC(O)=OH to increase its pKa by about 1 unit." You cannot ask it "What is the pKa of CCCCC(O)=OH?"
46
  If you ask it questions that lie significantly beyond those tasks, it can fail. You can combine properties, although we haven't significantly benchmarked this.
@@ -54,20 +58,19 @@ The tasks generally follow previously reported numbers - e.g., a reaction predic
54
 
55
  The results below are the model weights released in this repo. This is different than the preprint, which has pre-safety mitigation benchmarks.
56
 
57
- <img src="./images/benchmarks.png" width="800">
58
 
59
  ## Limitations
60
 
61
- It does not know general synonyms and it has poor textbook knowledge (e.g. it does not perform especially well on chembench).
62
- For best results, input molecules as SMILES: if you input molecules with their common names, the model may reason using the incorrect smiles, resulting in poor results.
63
  For example, we have observed that the model often confuses lysine and glutamic acid if you ask questions using their common names, but should correctly reason about their chemistry if you provide their structures as SMILES.
64
 
65
  ## Training details
66
 
67
- We first pre-trained Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501 via mostly incorrect reasoning traces from DeepSeek r1 to elicit reasoning and follow the new tokens/templates. Next, we used indepedent rounds of specialists trained with GRPO and verifiable rewards on one of the above tasks. We then aggregated and filtered reasoning traces (correct answers with reasoning) from the specialists to again fine-tune Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501. Then, we did GRPO over all tasks. This last model was then put through safety post-training.
68
-
69
 
70
- <img src="./images/training_info.png" width="800">
71
 
72
  See our [preprint](https://paper.ether0.ai/) for details on data and training process.
73
 
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ We performed refusal post-training for compounds listed on OPCW schedules 1 and
77
  We also post-trained ether0 to refuse questions about standard malicious topics like making explosives or poisons.
78
  As the model knows pharmacokinetics, it can modulate toxicity.
79
  However, the structure of toxic or narcotic compounds are generally known and thus we do not consider this a safety risk. The model can provide
80
- no uplift on "tacit knowledge" tasks like purification, scale-up, or processing beyond a web search or similar sized language model.
81
 
82
  ## Citation
83
 
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ no uplift on "tacit knowledge" tasks like purification, scale-up, or processing
90
  }
91
  ```
92
 
 
93
 
94
- ## License
95
-
96
- Open-weights (Apache 2.0)
 
4
  - en
5
  base_model:
6
  - mistralai/Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501
7
+ datasets:
8
+ - futurehouse/ether0-benchmark
9
  pipeline_tag: text-generation
10
  tags:
11
  - smiles
 
13
  - reasoning
14
  ---
15
 
16
+ [![Dataset on HF](https://huggingface.co/datasets/huggingface/badges/resolve/main/dataset-on-hf-md-dark.svg)](https://huggingface.co/datasets/futurehouse/ether0-benchmark)
 
 
17
 
18
+ ![ether0 logo](images/ether0_logo.svg)
19
 
20
+ # ether0
21
 
22
+ ether0 is a 24B language model trained to reason in English and output molecular structures as SMILES.
23
  It is derived from fine-tuning and reinforcement learning training from Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501.
24
+ Ask questions in English, but they may also include molecules specified as SMILES.
25
+ The SMILES do not need to be canonical and may contain stereochemistry information.
26
  ether0 has limited support for IUPAC names.
27
 
28
  ## Usage
29
+
30
+ This model is trained to reason in English and output a molecule.
31
  It is NOT a general purpose chat model.
32
+ It has been trained specifically for these tasks:
33
+
34
+ - IUPAC name to SMILES
35
+ - Molecular formula (Hill notation) to SMILES, optionally with constraints on functional groups
36
+ - Modifying solubilities on given molecules (SMILES) by specific LogS, optionally with constraints about scaffolds/groups/similarity
37
+ - Matching pKa to molecules, proposing molecules with a pKa, or modifying molecules to adjust pKa
38
+ - Matching scent/smell to molecules and modifying molecules to adjust scent
39
+ - Matching human cell receptor binding + mode (e.g., agonist) to molecule or modifying a molecule's binding effect. Trained [from EveBio](https://data.evebio.org/)
40
+ - ADME properties (e.g., MDDK efflux ratio, LD50)
41
+ - GHS classifications (as words, not codes, like "carcinogen"). For example, "modify this molecule to remove acute toxicity."
42
+ - Quantitative LD50 in mg/kg
43
+ - Proposing 1-step retrosynthesis from likely commercially available reagents
44
+ - Predicting a reaction outcome
45
+ - General natural language description of a specific molecule to that molecule (inverse molecule captioning)
46
+ - Natural product elucidation (formula + organism to SMILES) - e.g, "A molecule with formula C6H12O6 was isolated from Homo sapiens, what could it be?"
47
+ - Matching blood-brain barrier permeability (as a class) or modifying
48
 
49
  For example, you can ask "Propose a molecule with a pKa of 9.2" or "Modify CCCCC(O)=OH to increase its pKa by about 1 unit." You cannot ask it "What is the pKa of CCCCC(O)=OH?"
50
  If you ask it questions that lie significantly beyond those tasks, it can fail. You can combine properties, although we haven't significantly benchmarked this.
 
58
 
59
  The results below are the model weights released in this repo. This is different than the preprint, which has pre-safety mitigation benchmarks.
60
 
61
+ ![ether0 benchmarking](images/benchmarks.png)
62
 
63
  ## Limitations
64
 
65
+ It does not know general synonyms and it has poor textbook knowledge (e.g. it does not perform especially well on chembench).
66
+ For best results, input molecules as SMILES: if you input molecules with their common names, the model may reason using the incorrect smiles, resulting in poor results.
67
  For example, we have observed that the model often confuses lysine and glutamic acid if you ask questions using their common names, but should correctly reason about their chemistry if you provide their structures as SMILES.
68
 
69
  ## Training details
70
 
71
+ We first pre-trained Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501 via mostly incorrect reasoning traces from DeepSeek r1 to elicit reasoning and follow the new tokens/templates. Next, we used independent rounds of specialists trained with GRPO and verifiable rewards on one of the above tasks. We then aggregated and filtered reasoning traces (correct answers with reasoning) from the specialists to again fine-tune Mistral-Small-24B-Instruct-2501. Then, we did GRPO over all tasks. This last model was then put through safety post-training.
 
72
 
73
+ ![ether0 training info](images/training_info.png)
74
 
75
  See our [preprint](https://paper.ether0.ai/) for details on data and training process.
76
 
 
80
  We also post-trained ether0 to refuse questions about standard malicious topics like making explosives or poisons.
81
  As the model knows pharmacokinetics, it can modulate toxicity.
82
  However, the structure of toxic or narcotic compounds are generally known and thus we do not consider this a safety risk. The model can provide
83
+ no uplift on "tacit knowledge" tasks like purification, scale-up, or processing beyond a web search or similar sized language model.
84
 
85
  ## Citation
86
 
 
93
  }
94
  ```
95
 
96
+ ## Licensing
97
 
98
+ This model repository is considered open weights under an Apache 2.0 license,
99
+ copyright 2025 FutureHouse.