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  ---
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- dataset_info:
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- features:
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- - name: length
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- dtype: float32
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- - name: width
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- dtype: float32
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- - name: feed_y
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- dtype: float32
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- - name: frequencies
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- sequence: float32
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- - name: s11
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- sequence: float32
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- - name: id
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- dtype: int32
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- splits:
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  - name: train
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- num_bytes: 16457224
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  num_examples: 2051
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- download_size: 9822261
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- dataset_size: 16457224
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- configs:
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- - config_name: default
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- data_files:
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- - split: train
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- path: data/train-*
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  ---
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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+ language: en
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+ license: mit
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+ pretty_name: Rectangular Patch Antenna Frequency Response Dataset
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+ size_categories:
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+ - 1K<n<10K
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+ tags:
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+ - patch-antenna
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+ - antenna-design
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+ - microwave
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+ - rf
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+ - electromagnetic-simulation
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+ - inverse-design
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+ splits:
 
 
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  - name: train
 
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  num_examples: 2051
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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  ---
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+
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+ # Rectangular Patch Antenna Frequency Response Dataset
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+
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+ Simulated S₁₁ frequency response curves for coaxial-fed rectangular patch antennas with varying dimensions and feed positions.
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+
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+ This dataset was released as part of [LaBash et al., "Improving Generative Inverse Design of Rectangular Patch Antennas with Test Time Optimization"](https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18188).
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+
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+
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+ ## Dataset Description
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+
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+ Coaxial-fed rectangular patch antennas consist of a feed pin that passes through the ground plane to a metallic patch on a dielectric substrate. The design configuration of a single coaxial-fed rectangular patch antenna is parametrized by (*L*, *W*, *p*), where:
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+ - *L* is the length of the patch in mm
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+ - *W* is the width of the patch in mm
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+ - *p* is the position of the feed point relative to the center of the patch along the length axis
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+
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <img src="assets/patch_antenna_diagram.png" alt="Rectangular Patch Antenna Configuration - Top and Side Views" width="50%">
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+ </p>
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+
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <em>Figure 1: Configuration of a Rectangular Patch Antenna fed via coaxial line through the ground plane.</em>
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+ </p>
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+
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+
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+ ### Design Parameter Ranges
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+ - *L* = [7.5, 52.5] mm (patch length)
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+ - *W*/*L* ratio = [0.8, 2] (width to length ratio)
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+ - *p* = [-6, 0) mm (feed position), enforcing *p* = (-*L*/2, 0)
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+
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+ The designs were sampled at higher density at small *L* and with *p* close to the edge of the patch, then augmented using an algorithm designed to sample additional triplets (*L*, *W*, *p*) inside the convex hull of the existing dataset while enforcing uniformity.
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+
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+ ### Simulation Details
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+
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+ The simulations were performed using [openEMS](https://openems.de/), an open-source electromagnetic field solver based on the Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method. Fixed substrate parameters were used:
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+ - Dielectric constant εᵣ = 3.68
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+ - Substrate thickness = 1.61 mm (aligned with OSH Park's 4-layer prototype service)
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+
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+ To calculate S₁₁ frequency response curves, each antenna was excited with a Gaussian pulse centered at f₀ = 5.5 GHz with a cutoff frequency fₖ = 4.5 GHz to cover the frequency range of interest, f∈[1GHz, 10GHz].
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+
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+ From the port data extracted through simulation, the complex amplitudes of the incident and reflected fields were obtained at *N* = 1000 regularly spaced frequencies. The reflection coefficient (S₁₁) was computed as the ratio of the reflected wave (u_ref) to the incident wave (u_inc), converted to decibels:
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+
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+ $$|S_{11}|_\text{dB}(f_i) = 20\log_{10}\left(\left|\frac{u_{\text{ref}}(f_i)}{u_{\text{inc}}(f_i)}\right|\right),\quad i=1,\dots,N$$
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+
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <img src="assets/s11_example.png" alt="Example S11 Frequency Response" width="50%">
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+ </p>
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+
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+ <p align="center">
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+ <em>Figure 2: Example S11 vs. Frequency plot</em>
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+ </p>
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+
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+ ## Dataset Structure
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+
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+ Each sample in the dataset contains:
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+
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+ - **Design Parameters**:
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+ - `length`: Patch antenna length in mm
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+ - `width`: Patch antenna width in mm
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+ - `feed_y`: Feed point position in mm relative to the center of the patch, along the length axis
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+
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+ - **Frequency Response**:
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+ - `frequencies`: Array of 1000 frequency points per sample (Hz), ranging from 1 GHz to 10 GHz
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+ - `s11`: Array of 1000 S11 values (dB) corresponding to each frequency point
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+
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+ - **Metadata**:
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+ - `id`: Unique identifier for each sample
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+
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+ ## Citation
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+
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+ If you use this dataset in your research, please cite:
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+
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+ ```
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+ @misc{labash2025improvinggenerativeinversedesign,
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+ title={Improving Generative Inverse Design of Rectangular Patch Antennas with Test Time Optimization},
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+ author={Beck LaBash and Shahriar Khushrushahi and Fabian Ruehle},
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+ year={2025},
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+ eprint={2505.18188},
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+ archivePrefix={arXiv},
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+ primaryClass={eess.SP},
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+ url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2505.18188},
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+ }
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+ ```