{ "paper_id": "O16-1011", "header": { "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", "date_generated": "2023-01-19T08:05:08.187484Z" }, "title": "\u4ee5\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u8a55\u4f30\u5b78\u7fd2\u8005\u6587\u53e5\u4fee\u6539\u524d\u5f8c\u4e4b\u6d41\u66a2\u5ea6 Using language model to assess the fluency of learners sentences edited by teachers", "authors": [ { "first": "Guan-Ying", "middle": [], "last": "\u84b2\u51a0\u7a4e", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "Chaoyang University of Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "Po-Lin", "middle": [], "last": "Pu", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "Chaoyang University of Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "", "middle": [], "last": "Chen", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "Chaoyang University of Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "Shih-Hung", "middle": [], "last": "\u5433\u4e16\u5f18", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "Chaoyang University of Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "", "middle": [], "last": "Wu", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "Chaoyang University of Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" } ], "year": "", "venue": null, "identifiers": {}, "abstract": "", "pdf_parse": { "paper_id": "O16-1011", "_pdf_hash": "", "abstract": [], "body_text": [ { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "P(W |W \u2212 +1 \u22121 )= C(W \u2212 +1 \u22121 W ) C(W \u2212 +1 \u22121 )", "eq_num": "(1)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "P(W 1 )= P(W 1 ,W 2 ,\u2026, W )", "eq_num": "(2)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\u5176\u4e2dW \u8868\u793a\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u7b2c n \u500b\u5b57\uff0cP(W 1 )\u8868\u793a 1 \u5230 n \u500b\u5b57\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u3002 \u6211\u5011\u5047\u8a2d\u8a5e\u5f59\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u70ba\u7368\u7acb\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u6839\u64da [12] \u53ef\u4ee5\u5f97\u77e5\u4f9d\u64da\u689d\u4ef6\u6a5f\u7387\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u53ef\u5b9a \u7fa9\u5982\u516c\u5f0f(3):", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 61, "end": 65, "text": "[12]", "ref_id": "BIBREF13" } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "P(W 1 )= P(W 1 ) P(W 2 |W 1 ) P(W 3 |W 1 2 )*\u2026*P(W |W 1 \u22121 )= P(W 1 )\u220f P(W |W 1 \u22121 ) =2", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "(3)", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\u7531\u65bc\u7121\u6cd5\u5f9e\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u8a9e\u6599\u4e2d\u4f86\u505a\u7121\u9650\u5b57\u7684\u9810\u6e2c\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5c07\u516c\u5f0f(3)\u6539\u6210\u516c\u5f0f(4):", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "P(W |W 1 \u22121 ) \u2248 P(W |W \u2212 +1 \u22121 )", "eq_num": "(4)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\u8868\u793a\u5047\u8a2d\u8981\u9810\u6e2c\u7b2c n \u500b\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u53ef\u6839\u64da(n-1)\u500b\u5b57\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u4f86\u505a\u9810\u6e2c\u3002N \u662f\u6307\u7d66\u5b9a \u7684\u4e00\u6bb5\u6587\u672c\u4e2d N \u500b\u9805\u7684\u5e8f\u5217\uff0c\u7576 N=2 \u6642\uff0c\u7a31\u70ba bigram\uff0c\u5982\u516c\u5f0f 5: \u4e2d\" \u4eca\"\u8207\" \u5929\"\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\" \u4eca\" \u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u60c5\u6cc1\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a8\u6e2c\" \u5929\"\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u4f9d\u6b64\u985e\u63a8\uff0c\" \u5929\"\u8207\" \u7684\"\uff1b \" \u5929\"\u8207\" \u6c23\"\u4e5f\u90fd\u662f bigram\uff0c\u4e5f\u56e0\u70ba\u4e2d\u6587\u5b57\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u5169\u5b57\u7684\u7d44\u5408\u6bd4\u4f8b\u8f03\u9ad8\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u5be6\u9a57\u4f7f\u7528 bigram\u3002\u518d\u4f86\u8b1b \u89e3\u662f\u5426\u5148\u65b7\u8a5e\u7684\u5dee\u7570\uff0c\u5982\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u8aaa\uff0cbigram \u662f\u4f9d\u4e0a\u4e00\u500b\u5b57\u4f86\u63a8\u6e2c\u76ee\u524d\u7684\u5b57\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u5047\u8a2d \u6c92\u5148\u505a\u65b7\u8a5e\u5c31\u6703\u5982\u5716 2 \u793a\u610f\u5716\u4e2d\uff0c\u8209\u4f8b\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u542b\u6709 7 \u500b\u5b57\uff0c\u5c31\u9700\u8981\u505a(7-1)\u6b21\u7684 bigram\uff0c \u4f46\u5982\u679c\u5982\u5716 3 \u793a\u610f\u5716\u6240\u8868\u793a\u7684\uff0c\u5728\u505a bigram \u524d\u5148\u505a\u65b7\u8a5e\uff0c\u5c31\u6703\u4ee5\" \u8a5e\"\u70ba\u55ae\u4f4d\u505a bigram\uff0c \u7528\" \u5929\u6c23\"\u8207\" \u771f\u597d\"\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u4f9d\" \u5929\u6c23\"\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u689d\u4ef6\u4e0b\uff0c\u63a8\u6e2c\" \u771f\u597d\"\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\uff0c\u5982\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u53ef \u4ee5\u6e05\u695a\u4e86\u89e3\u662f\u5426\u5148\u505a\u65b7\u8a5e\u7684\u5dee\u5225\u3002\u85c9\u7531\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6240\u8aaa\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u80fd\u5f9e\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u63a8\u7b97\u51fa\u4e00 \u500b\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6a5f\u7387\u3002 ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "P(W | (W \u22121 )", "eq_num": "(5" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "interpolated (W| \u22121 \u22122 )=\u03bb trigram (W| \u22121 \u22122 )+(1 \u2212 \u03bb) [ bigram (W| )+ (1 \u2212 ) unigram ( )]", "eq_num": "(10)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\u7531\u65bc\u672c\u5be6\u9a57\u662f\u4f7f\u7528 bigram \u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5c07\u516c\u5f0f\u6539\u5beb\u6210 (11) :", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 30, "end": 34, "text": "(11)", "ref_id": "BIBREF12" } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "interpolated (W| \u22121 )= bigram (W| )+ (1 \u2212 ) unigram ( )", "eq_num": "(11)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\u7531\u65bc\u672c\u7cfb\u7d71\u4f7f\u7528\u6df7\u5408\u5f0f\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u7531\u65b0\u805e\u8a9e\u6599\u52a0\u4e0a\u4f5c\u6587\u8a9e\u6599\u5efa\u7acb\u7d22\u5f15\u6a94\uff0c \u5176\u5927\u5c0f\u70ba 303MB\uff0c\u6b64\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\u65b0\u805e\u8a9e\u6599\u5360\u4e86\u5927\u591a\u6578\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u5011\u53c8\u53e6\u5916\u5efa\u4e00\u500b\u7d14\u7cb9\u53ea\u542b \u570b\u4e2d\u751f\u4f5c\u6587\u7684\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u5176\u5efa\u7acb\u7684\u7d22\u5f15\u6a94\u5927\u5c0f\u70ba 7.21MB\uff0c\u524d\u8005\u8a9e\u6599\u5eab\u662f\u6c92\u6709\u7d93\u904e\u65b7\u8a5e \u7684\uff0c\u5f8c\u8005\u5247\u662f\u6709\u5148\u7d93\u904e\u65b7\u8a5e\u8655\u7406\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4f7f\u7528\u5169\u7a2e\u8a9e\u8a00\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u8a08\u7b97\u6642\u5fc5\u9808\u63a1\u7528\u52a0\u6b0a\u8a08 \u5206\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u5176\u516c\u5f0f\u5982 (12) : ", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 172, "end": 176, "text": "(12)", "ref_id": "BIBREF13" } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "PPL=(1 \u2212 \u03b1) 1 +\u03b1 2", "eq_num": "(12)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null } ], "back_matter": [], "bib_entries": { "BIBREF0": { "ref_id": "b0", "title": "Analyzing Learners 'Writing Fluency Based on Language Model", "authors": [ { "first": "Po-Lin", "middle": [], "last": "Chen", "suffix": "" }, { "first": "Shih-Hung", "middle": [], "last": "Wu", "suffix": "" } ], "year": null, "venue": "Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese Language Processing ROCLING 2015", "volume": "", "issue": "", "pages": "218--232", "other_ids": {}, "num": null, "urls": [], "raw_text": "Po-Lin Chen, Shih-Hung Wu, \"Analyzing Learners 'Writing Fluency Based on Language Model\" Association for Computational Linguistics and Chinese 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