{ "paper_id": "J86-1009", "header": { "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", "date_generated": "2023-01-19T02:55:59.360159Z" }, "title": "Semantic Acquisition in TELh A Transportable, User-Customized Natural Language Processor", "authors": [ { "first": "Gaston", "middle": [ "H" ], "last": "Gonnet", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "G", "middle": [ "A" ], "last": "Miller", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "A", "middle": [ "H" ], "last": "Schabas", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "D", "middle": [ "S" ], "last": "Scott", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "S", "middle": [ "Y" ], "last": "Sedelow", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "J", "middle": [ "A" ], "last": "Simpson", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "D", "middle": [ "E" ], "last": "Walker", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "walker@mouton.arpa" }, { "first": "James", "middle": [], "last": "Allen", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Antonio", "middle": [], "last": "Zampolli", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Joan", "middle": [], "last": "Bachenko", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Eileen", "middle": [], "last": "Fitzpatrick", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "C", "middle": [ "E" ], "last": "Wright", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Bruce", "middle": [], "last": "Ballard", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Douglas", "middle": [], "last": "Stumberger", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "G", "middle": [ "Edward" ], "last": "Barton", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Mary", "middle": [ "E" ], "last": "Beckman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Janet", "middle": [ "B" ], "last": "Pierrehumbert", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Roy", "middle": [ "J" ], "last": "Byrd", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Judith", "middle": [ "L" ], "last": "Klavans", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Mark", "middle": [], "last": "Aronoff", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Frank", "middle": [], "last": "Anshen", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Kenneth", "middle": [], "last": "Church", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Michael", "middle": [ "G" ], "last": "Dyer", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Uri", "middle": [], "last": "Zernik", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Brenda", "middle": [], "last": "Fawcett", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Graeme", "middle": [], "last": "Hirst", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Joyce", "middle": [], "last": "Friedman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Ramarathnam", "middle": [], "last": "Venkatesan", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Raymonde", "middle": [], "last": "Guindon", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Mary", "middle": [ "P" ], "last": "Harper", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Eugene", "middle": [], "last": "Charniak", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Julia", "middle": [], "last": "Hirschberg", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Kenneth", "middle": [], "last": "Laws", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Megumi", "middle": [], "last": "Kameyama", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Michael", "middle": [ "B" ], "last": "Kashket", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Robert", "middle": [], "last": "Kasper", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "William", "middle": [], "last": "Rounds", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Donald", "middle": [ "W" ], "last": "Kosy", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Amichai", "middle": [], "last": "Kronfeld", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Diane", "middle": [ "J" ], "last": "Litman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Alexis", "middle": [], "last": "Manaster-Ramer", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Judith", "middle": [], "last": "Markowitz", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Thomas", "middle": [], "last": "Ahlswede", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Kathleen", "middle": [ "F" ], "last": "Mccoy", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Dale", "middle": [ "A" ], "last": "Miller", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Gopalan", "middle": [], "last": "Nadathur", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Yutaka", "middle": [], "last": "Ohyama", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Toshikazu", "middle": [], "last": "Fukushima", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Tomoki", "middle": [], "last": "Shutoh", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Masamichi", "middle": [], "last": "Shutoh", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Martha", "middle": [ "S" ], "last": "Palmer", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Deborah", "middle": [ "A" ], "last": "Dahl", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Rebecca", "middle": [ "J" ], "last": "Schiffman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Lynette", "middle": [], "last": "Hirschman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Marcia", "middle": [], "last": "Linebarger", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "John", "middle": [], "last": "Dowding", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Martha", "middle": [ "E" ], "last": "Pollack", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Eric", "middle": [ "Sven" ], "last": "Ristad", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Gary", "middle": [], "last": "Sabot", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "David", "middle": [ "G" ], "last": "Stallard", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Marie", "middle": [ "M" ], "last": "Vaughan", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "David", "middle": [ "D" ], "last": "Mcdonald", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "K", "middle": [], "last": "Vijay-Shanker", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "David", "middle": [ "J" ], "last": "Weir", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Aravind", "middle": [ "K" ], "last": "Joshi", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" } ], "year": "", "venue": null, "identifiers": {}, "abstract": "The FINITE STRING Newsletter ACL 1986 Annual Meeting 1986. Papers presenting original research on theoretical and applied aspects of lexicology are being sought. The Centre is interested in research on large-text files and, in particular, in the common concerns of those who are studying lexical knowledge bases. Typical but not exclusive topics include:", "pdf_parse": { "paper_id": "J86-1009", "_pdf_hash": "", "abstract": [ { "text": "The FINITE STRING Newsletter ACL 1986 Annual Meeting 1986. Papers presenting original research on theoretical and applied aspects of lexicology are being sought. The Centre is interested in research on large-text files and, in particular, in the common concerns of those who are studying lexical knowledge bases. Typical but not exclusive topics include:", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Abstract", "sec_num": null } ], "body_text": [ { "text": "Ralph Grishman, (New York University) This tutorial provides a general overview of computational linguistics. Topics to be considered include the components of a natural language processing system; syntax analysis (including context-free grammars, augmented context-free grammars, grammatical constraints, and sources of syntactic ambiguity); semantic analysis (including meaning representation, semantic constraints, quantifier analysis); and discourse analysis (identifying implicit information, establishing text coherence, frames, and scripts). Examples will be drawn from various application areas, including database interface and text analysis.", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 16, "end": 37, "text": "(New York University)", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Introduction to Computational Linguistics", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "In this tutorial, we will begin by identifying the types of decisions involved in language generation and how they differ from problems in the interpretation of natural language. Several techniques that have been used for \"surface\" generation (i.e., determining the syntactic structure and vocabulary of the generated text) will be examined, including grammars, dictionaries, and templates. From there, we will move on to other problems in language generation, including how the system can decide what to say in a given situation and how it can order the information for inclusion in a text. Here we will study the constraints that have been used for these decisions in domains such as expert systems, database systems, scene description, and problem solving. We will also look at the interaction between conceptual decisions such as these and decisions in surface generation, considering approaches that propose an integrated solution.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Kathy McKeown, (Columbia University)", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Robert Ingria, (BBN Laboratories Incorporated) This tutorial will discuss the information that has been stored in the lexicon. It will first deal with the types of information that have typically been placed in lexical entries, detailing what sorts of lexical information is necessary for natural language systems. The format of lexical entries and the relationships between lexical The FINITE STRING Newsletter COLING 86 entries will be considered next (as in cases of irregularly inflected forms, such go, went, gone, abbreviations and acronyms, such as helo and helicopter, and derived forms, such as destroy and destruction). Alternate places for storing information will also be considered (for example, regular morphological information might be contained in individual lexical entries or in the grammar). The tutorial will conclude with the implications of recent work in linguistic theory for the structure of lexicons for computational purposes.", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 15, "end": 46, "text": "(BBN Laboratories Incorporated)", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Structuring the Lexicon", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Currently, a number of very different syntactic frameworks are under intensive development, including government and binding; generalized phrase-structure grammar; lexical-functional grammar; various \"relational grammar\" frameworks, including arc pair grammar; Montague grammar; tree-adjunct grammar; and numerous others. We provide an overview of these various frameworks, discussing how they arose, how they compare with one another, and how they may be evaluated. We next consider their formal properties, to the extent that these are known (or knowable). Finally, we consider their utility for computational linguists in practical applications.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "D. Terence Langendoen, (Brooklyn College and CUNY Graduate Center)", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "This tutorial provides a survey of various computational approaches to semantics -the process of determining the meaning of a sentence or other utterance. Issues addressed will include definitions of meaning; the differences between linguistic theories of semantics and formalisms suitable for computational understanding of language; knowledge representations that suitable for representing linguistic meaning; the relationship between semantic processing and syntactic parsing; and factors in choosing a semantic formalism for a particular computational application. The approaches to semantics that will be discussed will include procedural semantics, conceptual dependency, Montague semantics, and compositional and knowledge-based approaches.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Current Approaches to Natural Language Semantics Graeme Hirst, (University of Toronto)", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "This tutorial will address the recent resurgence of interest in machine translation (MT) in the United States, Europe, and Japan. Topics to be discussed include the variety of objectives for MT systems; various research and developments methodologies; MT as an application area for theoretical linguistics, computational linguistics, and artificial intelligence; environments for MT research; and selected case studies of research projects.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Machine Translation Sergei Nirenburg, (Colgate University)", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "For further information and registration forms, contact: ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "CONTACT", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Computational Linguistics, Volume 12, Number 1, January-March 1986", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null } ], "back_matter": [ { "text": "Room 8, 9.00-11.30Morphological Analysis for a German Text-to-Speech Systemt An Artificial Intelligence Approach to Document Preparation", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "MORPHOLOGY I", "sec_num": null } ], "bib_entries": {}, "ref_entries": { "FIGREF0": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "of the Mu Machine Translation Systemt M. Nagao, J. Tsujii (Japan) Lexical Transfer: A Missing Element in Linguistic Theories A.K. Melby (U.S.A.) Idiosyncratic Gap: A Tough Problem to Structure-bound Machine Translation Y. Nitta (Japan) Lexical Functional Transfer: A transfer framework I. Kudo, H. Nomura (Japan) On Simplifying the Transfer Component in Machine Translation Systems P. Isabelle, E. Macklovitch (Canada) The Need for MT-Oriented Versions of Case and Valency in MT H.L. Somers (Great Britain) 10, 9.00-11.30 Lexicase Parsing: A Lexicon-Driven Approach to Syntactic Analysist S. Starosta, H. Nomura (U.S.A.) Solutions for Problems of MT Parser J. Nakamura, J. Tsujii, M. Nagao (Japan) Strategies and Heuristics in the Analysis of a Natural Language in Machine Translation Y. Zaharin (France) . Kac, A.M. Ramer (U.S.A.) Reconnaissance -Attack Parsing M.B. Kac, T.C. Rindflesh, K.L. Ryan (U.S.A.) PANEL DISCUSSION Room 10, 16.20-18.00 Natural Language Interfaces Organizer: W. Wahlster (FR Germany) DISCOURSE I Room 1, 9.00-11.30 The Role of Inversion, Clefting and PP-Fronting in Relating Discourse Elementst M.V. LaPolla (U.S.A.) Situational Investigation of Presupposition S. Akama, M. Kawamori (Japan) Linking Concepts D.S. Bree, R.A. Smit (The Netherlands) Discourse, Cohesion, and Semantics of Expository A.B. Tucker, S. Nirenburg, V. Raskin (~S.A.) (FR Germany) The Weak Generative Capacity of Parenthesis -Free Categorial Grammar J. Friedman, D. Dai, W. Wang (U.S.A.) The Relationship between Tree Adjoining Grammars and Head Grammart K.V. Shanker, D. Weir, A. Joshi (U.S.A.) Categorial Grammars and List Automata for Strata of Non-CF Languages M.P. Chytil, H. Karlgren (Czechoslovakia) A Simple Reconstruction of GPSG S.M. Shieber (U.S.A.) , J. McDowell (U.S.A.) DCKR -Knowledge Representation in Prolog and Its Application to Natural Language Processing H. Tanaka (Japan) Conceptual Lexicon Using an Object-Oriented Language S. Yokoyama, K. Hanakata (Japan) Elementary Contracts as a Pragmatic Basis of Language Interaction The FINITE STRING Newsletter COLING 86 E.L. Pershina (U.S.S.R.) Communicative Triad as a Structural Element of Language Interaction F.G. Dinenberg (U.S.S.R.) Specific Text Management and Lexicon Developmentt S. Goeser, E. Mergenthaler (FR Germany) Text Analysis and Knowledge Extraction F. Nishida, S. Takamatsu (Japan) Context Analysis System for Japanese Text H. Isahara, S. Ishizaki (Japan) Disambiguation and Language Acquisition through the Phrasal Lexicont U. Zernik, M.G. Dyer (U.S.A.) Linguistic Knowledge Extraction from Real Language Behavior K. Shirai, T. Hamada (Japan) Tailoring Importance Evaluation to Reader's Goals: A Contribution to Descriptive Text Summarization D. Fum, G. Guida, C. Tasso (Italy) Domain Dependent Natural Language Understanding K.H. Munch (Denmark)" }, "TABREF0": { "num": null, "html": null, "content": "
The FINITE STRING NewsletterCOLING 86
GRAMMAR IRoom 7, 13.50-17.00
Branch Cooccurrence Restrictions and the EliminationDon Walker (ACL),
of MetarulestBell Communications Research,
J. Kilbury (FR Germany)445 South Street, MRE 2A379,
Testing the Projectivity HypothesisMorristown, NJ 07960, USA
V. Pericliev, I. Ilarionov (Bulgaria)[walker@mouton.arpa
Particle Homonymy and Machine Translationwalker % mouton@ csnet-relay;
K. Fabricz (Hungary)uebvax!bellcore!walker].
Plurals, Cardinalities, and Structures of Determination -
A Case Study on Incompleteness and Inconsistency C.U. Habel (FR Germany)COLING 86 PRELIMINARY PROGRAM
Processing Word Order Variation within a Modified ID/LP Framework P. Dey (U.S.A.) Sentence Adverbials in a System of Question Answering1 lth International !Long papers (40 minutes) are marked by a t; all others
without a Prearranged Data Baserare short (20 minutes).]
E. Koktova (Czechoslovakia) SOFTWARE I HUG: A Development Environment for Unification-Room 8, 13.50-17.00 based Grammars L. Karttunen (U.S.A.) Structural Correspondence Specification Environmentt Y. Yongfeng (France) Conditioned Unification for Natural Language Process-ing K. Hasida (Japan) Methodology and Verifiability in Montague Grammar S. Akama (Japan)25 AUGUST OPENING SESSION INVITED PAPER Lexicon Grammar Morris Gross (France) SEMANTICS I An Empirically Extending C. Sedogbo (France)10.00-11.00 11.00-11.50 13.50-17.00
INVITED PAPER17.10-18.00
The Use of Neurolinguistic Data in the Construction of
Computational Processing Models
V. Fromkin (U.S.A.)
DIALOGUERoom 1, 13.50-17.00
User Models: The Problem of Disparityt
S. Carberry (U.S.A.)
Pragmatic Sensitivity in NL Interfaces and the Structure
of Conversationt
T. Wachtel (FR Germany)
A Two Level Dialogue Representation
B. Christee, G. Ferrari, M. Gardiner, R. Reilly
(Italy)
", "text": "", "type_str": "table" } } } }