{ "paper_id": "J77-2002", "header": { "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", "date_generated": "2023-01-19T02:50:23.835216Z" }, "title": "The Search Committee will submit a slate to the Executive Committee Suggestions should b e given to Hobbs", "authors": [ { "first": "Paul", "middle": [ "G" ], "last": "Chclpm", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "David", "middle": [ "G" ], "last": "Hays", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Donald", "middle": [ "E" ], "last": "Walker", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Jonathan", "middle": [], "last": "Allen", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "J", "middle": [], "last": "Damerau", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Joyce", "middle": [], "last": "Friedman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "D", "middle": [], "last": "Huntington", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "W", "middle": [], "last": "Wang", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Ronald", "middle": [], "last": "Btrman", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Robert", "middle": [], "last": "Ki", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Harold", "middle": [], "last": "Cannon", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Assrst~nt", "middle": [], "last": "Dnecror", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Re~earch", "middle": [ "Materrah" ], "last": "Program", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Margaret", "middle": [], "last": "Ch1ld", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Progrurtr", "middle": [], "last": "Oficer", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "", "middle": [], "last": "Fellowrbipr K Rsrrdencr", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Coiluge", "middle": [], "last": "Tcluchcrr", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Karen", "middle": [], "last": "Fugllc", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "", "middle": [], "last": "Strpcnd", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Abraham", "middle": [], "last": "Drrector", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "", "middle": [], "last": "Aschet", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Susan", "middle": [], "last": "Cole", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Steven", "middle": [], "last": "Rablnl202", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Assis~an~", "middle": [], "last": "Director", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Progrdm", "middle": [], "last": "Deueloprnenl", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Martin", "middle": [], "last": "Suliivan", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" }, { "first": "Arlene", "middle": [], "last": "Knrngoid", "suffix": "", "affiliation": {}, "email": "" } ], "year": "", "venue": null, "identifiers": {}, "abstract": "A final Bibllcal text 1s one that I will apply to myself at this point, whlch I should probably have heeded earlier. It is Proverbs 17 28 \"Even a fool, when he holdeth his peace, is counted wise and he that shutteth his l i p s is esteemed a man of understanding ! I", "pdf_parse": { "paper_id": "J77-2002", "_pdf_hash": "", "abstract": [ { "text": "A final Bibllcal text 1s one that I will apply to myself at this point, whlch I should probably have heeded earlier. It is Proverbs 17 28 \"Even a fool, when he holdeth his peace, is counted wise and he that shutteth his l i p s is esteemed a man of understanding ! I", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Abstract", "sec_num": null } ], "body_text": [ { "text": "'", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "A c L S E C R E T A R Y -T R E A S U R~R", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "I'm not going to talk 16ng tonight. I'm now an administratof, or if you Qant to be nasty, a bureaucrat, and not a teacher or researcher. My public speaking these days runs mostly to explaining to Senator Promire that there is still some room for: advance in linguistic research beyond the accomplishments of George Bernard Shaw. My natural inclination would be to use my time here to give you all a f o m to fill out in triplicate However, I feel a certain obligation to maintain the tradition of my illustrious predecessors, so I am harking back to a much earlier stage of my career. It is not generally known, bllt one of r i i y occupations .in college was itinerant preacher. (I'm not I kidding.) I was finally forced out of that business by the manufacturers of Sleep-Eze, as a-competitive threat But every so oftequI g e t t h e urge to preach a sermon, and that's what I've decided to do tonight, albeit briefly Every good sermon starts with a text. I considered taking as my text Proverbs 23 29, \"~e not among winebibbers, among riotous eaters of flesh,\" but I decided this was the wrong audience for that. I settlgd instead on Ecc~lesias~es 7 5, \"It is better to hear the rebuke of the wise, than for a man to hear the song of fools. I ? Hopef~lly the import of that will become clearer as I go on I've titled my talk \"The Intellectual Responsibtlity oi Computational Linguists.\" Intellectual responsibility is a broaa notion, and I know that in many ways computationaI. linguists fully meet their intelhctual responsibilities. In keeping with the Resident's Addrpss 4 hortatory tone of a sermon, however, I'm going to point out some ways in which I feel we've neglected our intellectual responsibilities The first and most immediate way is in the response, *or lack of it, to fundamental criticism of the field as a whole To my knowledge there has been no intellectually serious response to the extended arguments, famfliar to all of us, which have called the viability of most of the field into question I refer to the philosophi cal arguments of Dreyfus, the moral arguments of Weizenbaum, and the pragmatic aiguments of Lighthill (I am aware that these arguments were raised a9gait?st artificial intelligence research generally, but each of the authors includes In his indictment much of the reeearch that is taking place in computational lingufstics today ) I have seen prenty of attacks on these people More than one person, for example Has observed to me that a computer beat Dreyfus at chess, the insinuation being a Samuel Johnson-like \"Thus I refute Dreyfus, 1 1 when of course this has nothing whatsoever to do with his arguments I have heard a person whom I respect hlghly call Weizenbaum's thoughtful, anguished book \"terrible, anti-science \" The defensive reactions which appeared In the literature upon the appearance of the Lighthill report were In the spirit of political fervor, calls to solidarity with our British colleagues, rather than reasoned rebuttals to Lighthill's principdl charges But attacks are not arguments If the critlcal arguments are bad, they should be easy to refute with better ones, if they are good, if we cannot refute them, then intellectual respons~bility demands that we alter our outlook and our praotlces to conform to them. A failure to respond at all, a retreat into mutual self-assurance and a search for converts to the cause among studentsalfd the uninformed general public, not only violates intellectual responsibility but also leads to increading intellectual isolation, as disinterested members of thee intellectual community observe the one-sldedness of the ddbate and draw tfieir own conclusions accordingly Perhaps these comments make clear the reasons for my choice Q \u00a3 text President's Address", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "P R E S I D E N T ' S A D D R E S S 1 9 7 7", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The second way in which I think our intellectual responsibilities demand more of us than we now do bas to do with the future of the field, the way we train graduate students in computational linguistics About nine years Kvno and Oettinger published in the -CACM a graduate curriculum in computational lingtfistics. The curricu-lum was heavy on computation, and contained a fair-sized dollop of linguistics, specifying numerous topics in each of thes-e areas which were important to cover at that time A reviewer in Computing Reviews, while giving t h e curricuLurn fulsome and deserved praise, pointed out that the areas covead were necessary but scarcely sufficient for a Ph D. in Computational Linguistics Cotnputational linguistics is clearly .an interdisciplhe, and fpll mastery of an interdiscipline entails mastery of the disciplines it is \"inter-\". Opinions may differ on this, but I would say that a fully qualified professional in computational linguistics should not only have mastered computer science and linguistics proper (and by \"mastered\" I mean at the ABD graduate level in both discip*lines), but should also have had more than casual exposure to experimental psychology, to appreciate-the discipline of experimental evidence for the validation of models, and to analytic philosophy, to the extent of controlling the philosophical literature on the metaphysics and epistemology of the minds-machine controversy, which goes so directly to the roots af the science, as we discussed previously Perhaps I am poorly informed, being out of direct contact with graduate education, but it is my impression that in many if not all graduate programs in computational linguistics, a high degree of programming skill and survey-level exposure to linguistics are the major requirements for writing a thesis in computational linguistics Many people, of course, acquire expertise in o t h e r pertinent competencies, to their credit; but a graduate curriculum is really a definition of the field, a tangible projection o f our image of what the field is really about, and I would maintain that our intellectual responsibility is to broaden that image from what idt is at present President's Address 6 The thlrd and final responsibity I would urge on you is our responsibility to the educated citizenry at large The most direct way that academic members 6f our profession have of meeting that r e s p o n s l b l i t y is in the teaching of undergraduates, liberal arts students who are not RnjOrS in computer science or llnguistics A course in \"Language and Computers\" or the like can perform the vital function of demystifying the computer, of teaching the future businessmen and politicians and teachers of our society the capacities and the limitationa of this large and growing social force I think that an undergraduate computational llnguistics course can be more effective in this way that the standard introductory programing course I also think ,that, properly taught, it can lead to a greater of humanistic values, of the uniqueness and Significance of human b e i n g s , than most courses in the humanities As a practicalmatter, in the growing number of inst~rutions where there 1s a premium on undergraduate enrollments in departmental courses, such a course can be very popular Salton has offered to provide a classification, if transfer of, the file to his computer can be accomplished. The Technical Counsellor offers a list of medium-frequency words (which Saltdn, among others as long ago as H P Luhn has showr, to be most useful)", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 2182, "end": 2203, "text": "President's Address 6", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "P R E S I D E N T ' S A D D R E S S 1 9 7 7", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The present intuitive classification has been called obsolete by at least one member, revision i s needed, and intuitive revision would be a big task If Salt.onls offer cahnot he accepted with reasonableeffort,@no retrospective clqsslfica-", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "P R E S I D E N T ' S A D D R E S S 1 9 7 7", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "s I t i o n w i l l be published", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "P R E S I D E N T ' S A D D R E S S 1 9 7 7", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Kay's index of medium-frequency words will be published whether or not Salton's classification is ob-. t a i n e d as soon as Kay can produce it . . '", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "P R E S I D E N T ' S A D D R E S S 1 9 7 7", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "A Menlber of the Board asks whether authors are willing to submit good work to AJCL A3CL i s better characterlzkd as a monogranh series than as a journal. Fbr full reports', especially theses, it is almost the only available channel We make no page charges. No journal is read by all subscribers, the American Psycohological A s s o c i a t i o n once reported 1% zeadership ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "ACCEPTANCE OF AJCL", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "42% to k reduced to one-third c r~ one-quarter in the future. For 1976, 22 microfiches were pub1 lshed, the same number as in 1975; However, 1834 full frames were issued (only 150 were l e f t blank) , reflecting an inokeased use of available -space. 42 opaque cards were printed.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "13", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Hays announced an Editorial Mad meeting scheduled for the followxng day and invlted all interested members to attend. ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "13", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "-Chapm gepor ted that a declslon has been made to lssue a hardcow newsletter a t quarterly intervals so that they arrive in between i s s u e s of the AJCL. The first issue is expected sometime t h i s summer. The new Associate Editor w l l l be rgsponslble for the newletter.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "H m r n x Y NEWSLETTER", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The next meeting of t h e ACL w~l l be held 26-27 July 1978 at the", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": ";NEXT MEETING", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Society of Amerka durlng the I S A Swmer Linguistic mstltute.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "University of Illinois in conjunction wrth t h e meeting of the L i n g u l s t l c", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "15th ACL Business M e e t l n g", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "University of Illinois in conjunction wrth t h e meeting of the L i n g u l s t l c", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Blll Woods, reporting for the Nominatiqg Committee, announced the following nominations for sf\u00a3 icers for t h e Calmdar Year 1978: ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "W Z N A T I N G COMMITTEE", "sec_num": "14" }, { "text": "President: Jonathan Allen, MIT V", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "W Z N A T I N G COMMITTEE", "sec_num": "14" }, { "text": "Hood Roberts, ACL Representatwe to AFIPS, descr lbed the cr iter la and the advantages of membershlp In MIPS for ACL.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "AFIPS REFORT", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Chapln expressed h i s a~preciatlon t o Jonathan A l l e n , P r o g r q Chairman; ~a d e l e i n e Qaltson , for local arrangements; Stan P e t r l c k , and the Il3M Corporation, for produelng the Meet lng Handbook; ~u r lei Savlllc-Troike and Mary Owens, and the Georgetown School o f Language and Linguistics, for t h e z r h o s p i t a l~t y In psovidinq t h e space for our meeting, and thelr organizational h e l p ; aid p~r t i c u l a r l~ t b Don Wal ker for service above and beyond the call of duty i n the difficult 3ab of notifying the membershlp of t h e meetlng' on such short notlce. The best place for a note, if a note is needed, is on the frame where it is s i gnaled. Separate the note from body text w i t h a l i n e or a blank space.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "RESOLUTIONS", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "TITLE FRAME.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "RESOLUTIONS", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "This paragraph is double-spaced; the one above is line-and-a-half spaced; the top paragraphs are single-spaced. ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "RESOLUTIONS", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Since the need for federal and private mpport is basic to pudliv ducation and r z s~c h ; ira well tcr the health and prestige of an instithdoa, the search for r~tjearch a d e g funding ia an activiv in with a staff of six, only two of whom reviewed proposals and handled all administrative functions, we made 100 awards (one of ten proposals) for a total of $14 million. Small staffs hold down the administrative cost, allowing more money for the foundation' s programs. This is something everyone should want.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Admidstra tivdy , an institution should try to control the flow of requests to foundations. There are those foundations that will only fund one grant at a particular institution during a given year, and only want to receive one application at a time. SOIII~ will consider two, and others more, but that should bc researched. At times, 1 have found foundation officials becoming very disturbed over multiple submissions of which the institution's officials were unaware.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "One must appreciate the role of the reviewer(s) eduating proposals for a foundation because, for the most part, they are sincerely trying to objcctivcly decide where their limited b d s can be spent to achieve the greatest good for society; an awesoma responsibility considering the many requests they receive. Making their job easier by keeping your ptoposal within. their area of inteiest and conforming to their statctl application procedures can only serve fiur own objectives.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "In preparing a letter of proposal, remember that clarity i s of the utmost importance. Often you will The question of personal contact comes up often when discussing foundation submissions. There arc almost as many answers as there arc foundations. If this means trying to w e the fact that someone ipvolvcd with your institution knows a foundation trustee, I would gtncrally say it serves no purpose at least where larger foundations arc concerned. A l d foundation might be a different matter. At the Hartford Foundation, when a trustee received a direct communique, he referred it to the administrative staff for the customary review, which I always felt was admirable.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Judgments, hopefully, will be made on the merits of a proposal, not on the basis of whom someone knows.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "On the other hand, prcconsultation by phone is recommended. It is also appropriate to ask in tht letter of inquiry for a personal interview which would allow the investigator and/or perhaps the research officer to answer questions and describe the project in greater depth. Conkidering foundation's small staffs, however, I would not push for this pefsonal contact.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "As for a brief description of a foundation's review process, the proposal is first reviewed for originality of approach and its correspondence to the foundation's stated objectives. Further considerations may be similarity to already supported research, number of projects funded or under consideration at an institution, etc.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "If the project survives the initial review, a fuller propeal is usually requested. The detailed proposal is frequently sent to experts in the field fox comment. If this review is affirmative, a concise project description and the evaluation of the rtvicwer(s) is presented for consideration to the h a r d of Trustees and aq award ie made.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "One Iast word for research administrators. As excellent as the government publications are, of the thousand programs described perhaps only a third pertain to the medical field in which I a m , involved. Then, many relate only to state and local educational and k rvice agencies. Therefore, the need arises for a personal list, containing those areas involving only private or public non-profit educational institutions. This problem is skirted by many administrators by simply giving out a few standard, well-known sources. But considering the tight money situation, I feel an administrator should provide a huly comprehensive list.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Researching Foundations", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Microfiche 65 : 22", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "American Journal of Computational Linguistics", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The following frames contain a list of research g r a n t s awarded by the NSF through its Linguistics Program during the In NSF usage \"-InvestSgator(slw refers to the chief scientist or scientists with overall responsibility for the project. In the case of grants for doctoral dissertation research, the \"Proj e c t Director\" is the scientist directing the student's research.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NATIONAL SCIEtJCE FOUNDATION -LINGUISTICS PROGRAN -GRANT LIST", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "\"Duration\" refers to the period of research to be supported by the listed grant amount, except when \" (~u p p l . ) ' ' appearswhich means that the award is a supplement to an earlier grant; the duration listed is &he duration of the earlier grant. In some cases the amount and duration listed are for one phase of a cont i n u i n g research g r a n t , and additional awards have been committed for future fiscal years for the contiduation of the research* were awarded through the Special Projects Program. All g r a n t s In most cases information about a project can be obtained from the investigator or project director. Summary descriptions of all research projects can be obtained for a small fee from:", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NATIONAL SCIEtJCE FOUNDATION -LINGUISTICS PROGRAN -GRANT LIST", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Smithsonian Science Information Exchange, Inc. ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NATIONAL SCIEtJCE FOUNDATION -LINGUISTICS PROGRAN -GRANT LIST", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "22,000 s if ica t i o n D Bickerton O r i g i n of Syntactic Devices in 100,30P U Hawaii, Manoa", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NATIONAL SCIEtJCE FOUNDATION -LINGUISTICS PROGRAN -GRANT LIST", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "W J Gedney Comparative T a i L i n g u i s t i c s 34,400 U Mlchlgan W A S tewar-t Study of L i n g u i s t i c Change in 37,, 000 C U M Graduate Schdol Gullah and U Center L Campbell Linguistics --Languages Nearing 5 5 , 9 0 0 M McClaran Extinction W N Y at Albany U Bellugi Fosmal Constraints on Language 107,000 E Klima i n a V i s u a l Mode Salk Institute f o r Biological S t u d i e s J H Greenberg L i n g u i s t i c Studies of Luiseno 8,900 S Steele Stanford U G A Ferguson", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Hawaiian Creole English--A Study of Universals of C r e o l i z a t i o n", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Phonology Archiving Pro j e c t ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Hawaiian Creole English--A Study of Universals of C r e o l i z a t i o n", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Stanford U C A Ferguson lnvcstigator (s) Title Amount Durat i o n P Ladefoged Revearch on Linguistic V Fromkin Phonetics U Cal, Los Angeles C N Li A Symposium on t h", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "92,500 3 Greenberg", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "L C Thompson A S", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "92,500 3 Greenberg", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Nor t l i w e s t Linkages Educa tion-Industry Councils and February councll-like activities have been suggested as one good way of coordinating community resources to ease the transition from school t o work for youth, and from work to school for adults. Evaluative rescdrch and poli~y st udim will exiltni ne the ass\\rrt~ptrons undcrlying the courlcils and council-like act~vrties, their operatlorrs, and their effectiveness with a view to informing public debate regarding this approach to irnprovlng the linkage between educatioi~ and work (Cameron -1976-1977 The however, not only--or even prlmanly-for the support of formal work In these dkxtpllnes, but to encourage the understanding of ideals, vdues, and expcr~cnces whrch have been and will be formstlve in our culture, and to relate the study of the humanrtles to natlonal concerns The programs of the Endowment-and the divisions whlch admlnlster them -are dcslgned to thrs end", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 553, "end": 563, "text": "-1976-1977", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "a l i s h Indian Language af t h~ 6 , 3 0 0 0 7 / 7 4 -4 4 / 7 7 U Hawaii, 'Mano&", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "( S U P P~ ) L J R i p s U Chicago", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "a l i s h Indian Language af t h~ 6 , 3 0 0 0 7 / 7 4 -4 4 / 7 7 U Hawaii, 'Mano&", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The Endowmen* has four dlvlsions whlch admlnlster most of its programs The D I V I S I O~ of Research Grants prov~des support to group projects of research in the human~tics, to centers for research, to thc preparation of lmportnnt rescarch tools, aid to the ed~ting of s~gn~ficant humanlst~c texts The Fcllowsh~ps Dlvlslon, through several programs, provldes stlpends wh~ch enable rndlvldual scholars, teachers, and members of non-academlc professions to study areas of the hurnanltles whlch may be dlrectIp and frultfulIy related to the work they characterist~cally perform The Divlsron of Educa- of soual science projects first, those in whrch historical or ph~losophical approaches predominate, and second, those which suggest new possibll~ttes for a humantstlc d1scipI:ne by combining it with one of the social sciences For social science projects in whlch statrstlcal measurement and clin~cal approaches predomt nate, support is available from the National Sc~ence foundation, the National Institutes of Education, md ~t h e r government agencles Endowment r plicants whose projects are dtgible b r support Lorn these other agencies may apply to them and the Endowment at the same time, but they should indicate to the Endowment that they art doing so", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Major Endowment Programs", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The Natronal Fndow~nent f~r the Hi~rnanlt~cs docs not off~r slipport for crcafrvc, orlglnal works In thc arts or for pcrformnnce or trdintn m thc arts,", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Support for Projects in the Arts", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "H~storlcal, thcorctlcal, and crltical stu les In the arts are, however, ellglble for Endowment support Projects dcallng u~t h a p p r c c~~t~o n of the arts may also be suitable for support, but a severe lim~tation of funds available In thts area d~ctates that such projects must cleaxly relate art appreclatlon to other fields of the hurnanittes, rathqr than to fields of the creative and rforrn~ ng arts Thus a project dss~gned to +welop a F! roader perspective of a culture by examlnlng the vdues reflrcted In its arts m~ght quallfy for support, whlle a project focusing on the arts as such probably would not At the time of a s found~ng, the Natronal Endowment for the Humanities was jolned wlth the Natlonal Endowment for the Arts under the National Foundatlon on the Arts and the Humanittes Though there 1s a shard staff: for admtnutrative functions, the two Endowments are essentially autonomous and have separate budgets Federal support for the creatrve and performing afts IS the essent~al respons~b~lity of the Nat~onal Endownlent for the Arts The Arts Endowment has grantmaklng programs in, for example, archttegture 9nd envtronmental arts, dance, education, expanston arts, folk arts, 11 terature, muslc, theater, and the visual arts It also provtdes a llm~ted number of fellowships to creattve and performlog arttsts of exceptional talent fnq~lrles to the Natlonal Endowment for the Arts (Washtngton, D C 20506) should speclfy an area of interest", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [ { "start": 1401, "end": 1424, "text": "(Washtngton, D C 20506)", "ref_id": null } ], "eq_spans": [], "section": "5", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Areas Not Funded Because of lrinrtcd funds, the Endowment cannot at this trme gtvc consrdcratton to requcsts for support for prcdoctoral fellowshl s, cxce t Insofar as they raay be lntcgral parts o P a broa S cd program and requcstcd by the rnstitut~on undcrtdklng such a program, Construction or rcstoratlon costs, except for lrrnlted anlounts inc~derrtal to carrying out other purposes of an npplicnt~on, inuscum or Irbriuy acquultions, except for llrntted amounts rncidental to carrying out other purposes of rfi application, ed~corlal costs of journals, or production costs of any publ~cat~ons, rncludrng books, costs of permanent equipment whlch IS noc essen-t~a l to the carrying our of a broader program or project, research undertaken In pursuit of an academic degree, and lnd~vldual requests for travel to profess~onal meetlngs ( Requests for ard In uavellng abroad to international rnectlngs should be addressed co the Amenran Councll of Learned Socreucs, whjch has > small grant from the Endow~nent for that purpose )", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NEHs Programs", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The Endowment's f u n~t~o n 1s to encourage the understanding and use of hurnan~stlc knowledge at dl levels It serves its various constituencies by supportlng the work of lndlv~dual humnnlsts and of a varlety of non-profit lnstr tutions and organlzatlons engaged In projects lnvolvlng the humanrt~es Those nstitutrons Include unive?sr tles, four-year colleges, junior and comrnunlty colleges, elerner~tary and secondary schools, cducat ional, cultural, prdessronal and comnlunlty groups, museums, historical Qrganizatlons, Iibrarles; public agencies, and rrrdrg R I I~ tele-1 tslon stat Ions The Pndon merit n clcornes appl~catlons for support from all such instltutjons and groups, from lnd~v~dual Unlted States clrizens or nat~onals arld from forcrgn natronals who nave been lrvrng In the Un~ted States or its territories for at least three years at the trme of applicanon Appllcatlons are not usually accepted from others, but support may be given to any lndivldual or organization whose work, tn the judgment of the National Council on the Humanities (or the Chairman acting In the Counc~l's behalf) promises sign~ficantly to advance knowledge and undtrstandrng of the humanities Jn Thc Public Program D~vislon supports spccial public l~hrary projects for adults through its Program Devdopment scccron Flnally, the Office of Planning dnd Analysls has given a number of grants to Irbraries and llbrary organrzatlons for projects whlch do not fit into any of the dlvrs~onal catcgorles Mu~erlrnr In ,~ddltron to the Publlc Programs Drvrsron's support to euhib\\trons, through ~t s Muscums and Hrstor~cal Organizations Program, the Educatron Programs Drvlsion supports ml~seum projects--of an educational nature-through its Projects Program, ~t s Consultants Program and l o Cultural Inst rtu trons Program Rcscarch projects Involving museum collections arc elrglble for support through the D l v~s~o n of Research Grants Museums may also apply to the Office of PIannrng and Analysrs IF they have projects which fall wlthin that office's current priorities, and to the Dlvulon of FelIowships if they may qusl~fy as ~njz~tutes of advanced studies Hrrtorrcd Orguntzatfon, These organlzatlonssome of whrch are closer to lrbrarles rn theu functlons, and others to museum--can recerve support for exhrbrt~ons, lnterpretlve programs, and personnel development from the Museums and Hlstqtcal Organizat ions Program wrthln the Division of Public Programs Such organizations may also apply for the support of educational projects to the Educatron Dlvtslon'$ Projects and Consultants Programs They may apply for fundrng for specific research projects through the Dl\\ lsron of Research Grants In ~ddltlon, c. pcrr~ncnr~l acrrvlrlcs rnf olvrng thc\\e orglnlt ltrons mlght bc etlg~ble for support through the rndowment's Office of Plannlng Centers for Research These centers may receive funds w~t h which to offer stlyends to res~dent fellows through the Fellowshrps Dlvis~on's program of ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "Who Is Eligible for Endowment Support", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Prospect~ve applicants should read thrs brochure carefully and wrltc to the approprratc dlvision f o~ more detailed information about the program which interests them Unless they plan tu apply for a fellowshi , applicants should subm~t to the dlvision coocmrnS a preliminary descr~ption of their project This prcl~minary step enables Endowment staff to Inform the a plicaht whether hls proposal meets the aiteria o P the program w which he intends to submit it, or whether any other Endowment program or other federa1 agency might more appropriately consider it Submlssron of a prellmin also enables the dkv~sion to furnish 3 dltional deSCTiptiOn ma-ter~al to the prospective appl~cant in the form of ~del~nes and rnstructions and to determine what s F i f i c~ dit~ond tnformatlon about the project 1s needed to ensure complete and accurate evaluatton by reviewers and panel~sts. h d l r n e s for all Endowmcnt programs are listed on pages 22 and 23 and summarlzed in calendar form on page 6 Applicants who plan a, begin pmjms by a particular date are strongly adv~sed to submit thew proposals well in advance of that date in order to ensure sgarnst poss~ble delays in the processing or announcing of grants", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "How to Apply", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Unl~ke some federal agencies, the National Endowment for the Humanlt~es d w not provide funds of r \"formula\" or \"programu name so sustain ongoing inrrirutional or mndj,vidual activ~tra l a grants are awarcicd competitively and on individual merlt, following a careful m i e w process The report, which totals 526 pages, has been divided i n t o 5 approx- Those aspects of the system covered in each volume are listed on the next page. . Computer Aided Design is a techn~que which allows a designer or development engineer the use of the power and factltt~es of modern computtng, computer gtaph~cs, and other equipment in the design process Important case studies will be presented on the introduct~on and ~mplementation o f CAD, and on i t s practrcal sukcesses Case stud ies IFIP'S headquarters for the 1977 Exhibition is the Sheraton Centre (formerly The Four Seasons Sheraton Hotel) I t s superb design for combined meetings and exhibitions epitomizes the total convenience of Toronto EXHIBITION 77 will be held in Exhib~tion Hall and In the Grand Ballroom and will occupy 30,000 square feet Exhibited products and services will attract experienced users from science, medicine, busmess and industry For exhrbttors, EXHIBITION 77 represents a rare opportunity to reach an international audience including engineers, desrgners, financial management, and data processing users of every kind", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "How Grants Are Awarded", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "V~sitors to the 4-day exh~b~tion will enjoy an exciting, reward] ng opportunity to study a t first hand the latest developments in large and medium scale central processing units, smaller processors plus the latest rn highly developed systems for busrness, government, science and communications The exhibit~on will d~splay new trends in peripherals and data entry systems, plus a comprehensive range of design applicattohs, software and servtces that should challenge the magi nation of both dedicated professionals and first ttme users In onj junction w i t h : IFIP Congress 77 (See \u00a3ram 56, this fiche) ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "BBN Final Report", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Judy J~YJuly July J~Y", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "& high school students", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null } ], "back_matter": [ { "text": "McG", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "C A N A D I A N L I N G U I S T I C I N S T I T U T E", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Wednesday, June 8, 1977 ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "TROGRAMS , 3 F Rohmt', 1 ns t it u t t ur I n f r , r m ,~t lk d c r ~T I I I V C I 5 i t : ; t n0111l", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The following article was published in incomplete farm t n last month's Yashingtolr Report: the f u l l article eppearr bclou. ] The Executive Bronch has failed to take \"adequate steps1' to protect Federal government computer systems, according t o a staff study released last month by the Senate Covtrnmnt Operations Committee. The report cites two areas i n which it said civilian agencies are remiss i n enforcing computer security : systems which disburse public funds, and systems which contain neconamically valuablev data and privacy mformation. According to the report, the White House Office of Management and Budget (OMB) has advised the Committee that it rs investigating computer security i n these areas. The report finds that both physical and personnel security can be strengthened rn the two areas mentioned above, L e . , those system w h~c h disburse public funds, and systems which cclntaln wecunomically valuable\" data and privacy information. It stresses that precautionary measures followed by the Federal government In other areas should be implemented with prlvate f~r m s which perform computer services for the Government. According to the study, contracts with private companies \"shpuld contam language attesting that personnel of the contractor firms, as well as the contractor firms [ X i * Ass1 s t n n t Attori~cv Gcncral Baker ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "[~o~m c t b y :", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "In response t o a request from the AFIPS Washington Office, the National Research Counci 1 (NRC) Assembly of Mathematical and Physical Sciences (AMPS) has made availabledthe following descript io,n of responsibilities for the recently approved Computer Science and Technology Board (CSTB') CSTB is charged with: looking after and promoting the health of the discipline, which includes algorithms, aVchitecture, a r t i f i c t a l intelligence, design, informat~on scimce, languages, numerical and non-numerical The AMPS document states that most Lssues addressed \"will be ~dentified by the Board itself; some may be brought to the attention o f the Board by the external agencies.\" It is anticipated that ather members will be named wlthin two months. Designation of competent inspection or judicial bodies t o issue decisions when disputes arise which w i l l be binding on a l l cox&wscting parties.In the United States, the absence of a national law regulating data processing itl the private sector could a i t t o the detriment of Atnerfcan firms. This issue is gaining in importance 3s potential \"data protectionisn\" grows aborad. Thus, several trade associations, the Departments of State and Commerce, O~i g i n of Report. In March, 1976 (Washington Report, 4/76), President Ford dlrccted the Vlce Preslden*, a l s o chairman 4f t h e Domestic Council Privacy Committee, t o ltreview and c l e a r l y d e f~n e the information policy issues which confront Federal policy maker^,^^ by September 1. After i t s fundlng expired, the Domestlc Council Privacy Committee ceased operations October 1, 1976.TechnoLogicaZ Background. The Report c i t e s a predicted four t o sevenfold Increase i n the volume of ~nformation flow by 1985. The study also notes an increase In the nation s dependewe on information and communlcations servlceg r e f l e c t e d by almost one million on l i n e , i n t e r a c t i v e terminals i n s t p l l e d i n thc U S. Fin$lly, thetPeport recognises an increase i n interdependence among ltpreviously autonomous institutions and services ,\" e.g., use 05 a l i b r a r y and information center network by the National Commission on Libraries and Informa t i p n Gclcn (NCLIS).Covemunent Nesponse. The study c r i t i c i z e s Federal agencies whlch have responded t o \"speclflc stimulit1 i n r e l a t i o n to i n f~r m a t i o n processing issues such as those r a i The FCC s a l t i t is not y e t convrnced t h a t t h e Dataspeed JD/4 is a data processing devlcc, and that AThT can n r o v l d e t h e 9ntaspec3' 43/4 service because the service i s construed to be prlmarlly data commun- Wiley added that the ruling should be interpreted as \"a conclusion of transitory import .?I DetaiZs of Decision. According to the O~d e r ,~~I fATeT, as a common carrier, offered as a part of the Dataspeed 40/4 service the data processing capabillties of the central computer, the maximum separation policy [between regulated data communications and noq-regulated data processing] would apply. However, under our rules as they currently exist, It would be inappropriate to attribute to the Dataspeed 4014 the data processing functions of the non-ATGT provided or controlled computer in determ~ning the tariffability 'of the Dataspeed 40/4 service offerlng.IfThe Commission stated that the terminal device comb~nes elements of both data communicat~ons and data processing. According to the FCC, the storage and buffering features of the Dataspeed 40/4 are related to data processing However, the research and dcvelopment by s w r c e of f i n a n c i n g , character of work, and geographic distribution, the study is titled Rs$wrch ard Devsl Zoprrent in induotrd, 2974 (It--ogclose $2.00) .", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 1238, "end": 1249, "text": "March, 1976", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [ { "start": 358, "end": 514, "text": "discipline, which includes algorithms, aVchitecture, a r t i f i c t a l intelligence, design, informat~on scimce, languages, numerical and non-numerical", "ref_id": null } ], "eq_spans": [], "section": "NRC OUTLINES CSTB RESPONSIBILITIES; HANDLER NAME$ VISSOTSKY CHAIRMAN", "sec_num": "82" }, { "text": "A~s t u d y t h i t examines ways in whicfi citizensr rights can be protected in e&rging health data systems, prepared by Dr A l a n F. ,We-stin. pro-fessor of Publlc Law and Government at Colmkua L h~~v e r s $ t y , ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "The Biz2 of R i g h t s Procedures", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The AFIPS Washington Office has through recent weeks rftonltored sciencerelated a c t i v i t i e s 'In the transition to the Carter Ad~inlstratlon. While not all relevant information can be publicly ascertained, it would appear that there has been r e l a t i v e l y little actlvity related to apporntments to scientific posts. There have, however, been 8ppolntments of individuals with sclentlfic credent.iaZs, notably Secretary of Defense Harold Brown, previously president of Cal Tech. It has been learned, however, t h a t the Carter Transltian Team did make inquiries to various science-related groups in the Federal government, including the House Committeewn Science and Technology In addition, the Transition Team commissioned a prlvate consultant tlo study \"science policy options\" in the White House; among other topics, thrs report There have been many unsubstantiated rumors regarding the appointment of a new Presidential Sclence Advlser. According to the general science press, leadlng candidates appear to be Dr. Branscomb, Dr. Jerome Weisner (president of MIT) and Dr Wolfgang Panofsky (director of the Stanford Llnear Accelerator Center)", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "MONITORING SCIENCE IN THE CARTER TRANSITION", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "The AFTPS Washzngton Report is researched and w r i t t e / by Pender M McCarter, Research Associate, AFIPS Washington Office AFIPS s o c r e t l e s have ipcrmlsslon t o use material ih t h e AFIPS Washington Report for tllclr own publlcatlons, except where an article title appears w i t 1 1 an ! I (~] , I t clearance must first be obtarned from the AFIPS Washington Offlce Documents indicated by the symbol ' l ( # ) \" are available on request to the AFIPS Washington Offlce Where p h c e is noted, make checks ~a v a b l e t o ltAFIPS Announcing An opportunity to submit your original ~deas on any topic related to computers and their applications.Bestpapers will be published in Commun~cations of the ACM and the authors w~l l receive awards.Any student who has not rece~ved a bachelor's degree before Apnl1,1977 ", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 808, "end": 818, "text": "Apnl1,1977", "ref_id": null } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "--P Nyborg", "sec_num": null } ], "bib_entries": {}, "ref_entries": { "FIGREF0": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "page sumnames) The present policy stands until reconsidered CLASSIFICATION AND I N D E X I N G OF AJCL CONTENTS Automatic or intuitive? In view of ACL1s substantive fteld, a preference for automatic m d e x i n~ apd classification Gerard" }, "FIGREF1": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "for a good a r t i c l e in a major journal Acceptance o f micro-f i c h e s i s growing The R e a l i s t Compact p r o j e c t o r w a s bought by some 9 Members i n s p . i t e of poor p l~c e m e n t ~f a small announcement i n AJCL, and ACL can make many mofe announcements of t h e a v a i l a b i l i t y of d i f f e r e n t kinds of p r o j e c t o r s Many kinds of material gre a v a i l a b l e Cheaply on microfiches I f ACJL can h o l d on f o r a .few y e a r s more, the p o i n t i s likely t o ba won Meanwhile. steps can be taken. For browsing in public l r b r a r i e s , a cover can be published The content of the current i s s u e , with space for t h e l i b r a r i a n t o show where AJCL is s t o r e d , t o be placed among c u r r e n t j o u r n a l s on display An award can be o f f e r e d f o r t h e b e s t paper i n AJCL t o d a t e ( t h e Edi'tor will seek Executive Committee a p p r o v a l ) , t h e ACL members' b a l l o t s can be analyzed f o r readership,] as an i n d i c a t o r of both acceptance of m i c r~f i c h e and success of t h e foreshortened review policy, The readership data can be c l r c u k a t e d to p o t e n t i a l c o n t r i b u t o r s I fthe c o n t r i b u t i o n s accepted after review by proposal a r e judged poor by the membership a t l a r g e , then t h e p o l i c y should be abandoned E d i t o r ' s remark m passing The foregoing business w a s transacted i n the space of an hour and a h a l f , and lunch was eaten during the same i n t e r v a l Parely have I seen as r a p i d 15th ACL ~usiness Meeting" }, "FIGREF2": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "i c e 'Resident: Ron Kaplan, Xerox PARC Secretary-Treasurer: I30n Walker, S R I Execut ivc? Committee : Bertram Bruce, BRN ~o m i h a k i r q c o k i t t e e : Paul Chapln, NSF No additional nomlnatlons were received from the f l o o r . Chapln c a l l c d f o r a w t e and t h e s l a t e was declared c l e c t d by acclamation." }, "FIGREF3": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "and subsequent frames if necessary, carry e i t h e r the 600-word sumrnary p r i n t e d on the accompanying opaque card or a different s m a r y as the contributor prefers.CONTENTS :The next frames carry lists of sections, Q\u00a3 figures, t a b l e s , algorithms, e t c , as needed.The remaining frames are at the contributor's disposition.EESERVATION :TheE d i t o r reserves the r i g h t to fill empty frames following a long contritbution with ephemeral m a t e r i a l . American Journal of Computational Linguistics l Y i crofiche 6 5 : at top. 1 inch at: sides and bottom. Inside the top margin, the cont r i b u t o r writes a page number f o r long a r t i c l e s (40 pages o r more) ; the editor puts a running title and page n u m b e r that space for short contributions. The edges of the viewer screen a r e not as easy to read as the central area. Everything nust read d i r e c t l y with the long axis of t h e page vertical. V i e w e r s generally do not permit rotation. The b e s t arrangement is to place a figure at the top of a page with explanatory t e x t below it. To move from frame to frame is not as easy as to move from page to page. If a figure occupies more than half a page, perhaps it can be redesigned as a series of figures, each easier to understand. It is worth leaving blank space at the end of a page f o r the sake of getting a figure together with the explanatory t e x t on one frame." }, "FIGREF4": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "been m both ddes of the p & q fen= aver the b t 18 y, it b chu it b win to d i ,~L t m d , r h n c o o b a h a t b c m . But t~cu alter tbpt observation, t&e bottom k c is tbat fouadationa can be a vduabe mwcc of hading, if apa\"pchtd appmprinteiy." }, "FIGREF5": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "addressiag a well-informed laymen. Make it easy to perceive what you plan to do, how yau plan to do it and why your idea differs Erom other approaches. Stress the originality of your protocol. Usually give a round figure budget per year for the number of years you are seeking support. Attach a curriculum vitae, pertinat papers and information about your bstitution, including a ux exempt letter. These data are especially important if this is your instinttion's first contact with the f~undation. It is also wise to have your institutional authorized official counttraign the letter to show that pour project has administrative a p proval. I ! human experimentation is involved, tell them you will send on the approval of your Ruman Studies Committee it they are interested in your project." }, "FIGREF6": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "July 1, 1975 -June 30, 1976, and the Transition Quarter, July 1, 1976 -September 30, 1976. International Travel Awards initiated by the Linguistics Program are not listed." }, "FIGREF7": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Linguistics progam was formally established on 31 October 1975. Linguistics research projects before that date were supported through the Special Projects Program in the Division of the Social Sciences. Eleven of the grants listed for FY 2976" }, "FIGREF8": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "listed are now administered by t h e Linguistics Program." }, "FIGREF9": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "An investigation of the changing role of youth in the fanldy and the effect of that change on the school social environment. (Ol~ver Moles) School Discipline and Student Riglrts An examination of the student's pcrccption of discipliiary practices, tl~eir impact on student rrghts, and implications for scl~ool socral relations (Olluer Moles) Alternative Schools Study. An examtnatfon of promising alternative schools for \"disrupt ive\" youngsters (Oliver Moles) Ethnographic Study Ethnographic research in rural desegregated scnools, generatin a data base on the actual scl~ool llfg w~t in such settings (Amos Isdac) k Educational Diagnosis and Classification-I: To extend a survey procedure to count the number of children of limitdd English-speakmg abllity in the country and to ide~ltlfy their needs. Another phase of this project will survey and analyze operatlag conditions in bllingud education programs to ~nclude drfferent rr~odcls of bil~ngual education (Jose Va-rqucg)" }, "FIGREF10": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Buchanan) Minority Women's Studies Of all groups in American society, minority women suffer the most discrinlinat~on economica1ly , educationally and occupationally Althougll they share with other groups the burden of sex and ethnic discnm~nation, thcy have differing needs from majority women, from men in their ethnic groups, and from each other At earlier conferences sponsored by NIE, women from these groups ~M t i f i e d issues specific to minority women A research grants compebt~on 4 1 support for study~ng these issues Stacey) Policy Center on Youth Transition to Adulthood Efforts to bulld education and work opportun~ties into the scliool program have outpaced other ifforts to build a solld educational foundation for such reform However, attention to varlous research and pol~cy Issues IS essential to the long term success of such efforts The pokcy center on youtlz transition t o adulthood will examine aspects of the broader issues of youth employment, age, segregation, the f a d y and youth sociopa thy (Davld Goodwm) Research on Networking Will draw on mu1 t iple soclal science disciphes to describe and analyze the roles of both informal and deliberately created social networks m the process of education change. (Charles Thompson) Integrating Problem-Solving Strategies AtThe Schod District Level A set of contracts with school systems to support the further devcloprnent of promising approaches to school-site management and" }, "FIGREF11": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Studies To develop plans for a set of development and demonstration activities in the use of media and sateIlite coniinunications to improve access to educational services, to implement selected portions of these plans (Kevin Arundel) Evaluation of the Callfornia High School Proficiency Exsimirration To evaluate the financial and -organizational effects of the Cal~fornla figh School Proficiency Examination on secondary and postsecondary institutions (Susan Abramowitz) School Finance and Organization Studies To generate a set of analyt~c studles focused on school finance reform, the fmance and organization of special education for young chldrerl , ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUllANITIES" }, "FIGREF12": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Programs supports projects and programs through whlch ~nstitutions endeavor to renew and strengthen the impact of teachrng in the humanities at all levels The Publlc Programs Dlvislon, through prolects rn the med~a, projects lnvolvlng ~ndlvldual acadernlc humanists, and projects of non-academic public instttutions such as museums, I~braries, and lalstorlcsl organ~~ations, seeks m encourage broad n lt~ona! disscm~natian and increased undcrstnndtng of the hulnan~tles T h~s divislon also administers a State-Based Program, through whrch specially formed grou in each state act as re-grant agencies in support o P\" projects designed to ~nfuse humanist~cknowlcdgclnto the discussion of important issues at the state and cornmunlty IcvcL In addttlon, chert is the Youtharants In rhc Humdnitles Program, whlch operates through the Endowment's Ofice of Plannln and Analysls and wh~ch supports p r o j q s deslgnJ and conductd spcc~ficslly by young people Office of Planning and 4nalysis Projects The Endowment IS also interested r;n projects in the hur~~antcies which do not readily fall wlthln the scope of the cstabllshed programs outllned above Such pojects are the d~rect rcsponsibrl~ty of the NEH Office of Planning and Analys~s (OPA) The Office part~cularly encourages project ideas In the following areas OPA Program DeueZoptlrem. In order to promote lnnavatlvc rogromrntng, the Office supports a selected num \\ er of projects dcslgned to develop and test new applicattons of humanrstic knowledge or ncw dlssemlnacion modes whlch show promlse of enhancing the use of humanistlc knowledge The* programs sIlould be conceived as ex rimcnts or models and lnvolve a corn nenc o evaluation." }, "FIGREF13": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Fellowship Support to Centers for Advanced Study Their research actrvlties are s u p p t e d through the Research Dlv~sron's Centers of Research Program P I V~~Z G Radso uttd Tuleussion Strlrions These sta dons may apply w the Divlsion of Publ~c Programs' Media Program for funds with which to develop and d u c e high quality humanities programs for J bro cast m the gemd public aud~cnce Media projects for use as psrt of an nlucacional curriculum may receive support through the Projects Program with~n the Education Programs Division Other media projects whrh do not fa11 within the guiddlnes for these two programs may be el~gible for support through the OfIice of Plann~ng" }, "FIGREF14": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "As a su plcmcnt to an waight grant or as rht sole form of ~o w m c n t suppon, r\" applicant may sometimes be offered a 'fts-and-matching\" grant When the Endowment o lf' crs m support a project through one of these grants, it k u to raise ifts up to a level appmv by rh(c Endowf J to lFgrtee meat an have them donated to the Endowment The Endowment then matches &is money with federal funds and disburses the whole A gift for a particular project wiH not be accepted by the Endowment until the National Council on the Humanities has made a favorable recommendation oo the Chairman a c n an applicant does rccnve from the Endowment a formal offer of support contingent upon the remi c of gift money for h~s project, he should ask the onors to make their gifts payable m the EndowmentBThe Endowment may accept .nd pass on an un-Lmited number and amount of gifn, but the sum wh~ch can h federally matched is limited by the annual Congressional appapriations Donors wishing to support work m the budanitla generally, rather than a specific project, may make unrenricted gifts to the Endowrncnt, which will match them to the Limit of the Gngccssiod appropriation md a ply rhvn to assist individd project; recommcndJ by the National CouncilAmerican Journal of Computational Liitguir ticsThe National Federation o f Abstracting and Indexing Services (NFAIS) has elected Dr. H. William Koch as i t s President-Elect. D r . Koch i s D i r e c t o r o f t h e American I n s t i t u t e o f Physics ( A I P ) . He will take office as President of NFAIS i n March, 1978. The e l e c t l o n was held a t the NFAIS 1977 Annual Membership Meeting i n A r l i n q t o n , V i r q i n i a on March 8. NFAIS i s devoted t o t h e encouragement, impmvement , and imp1 ementation o f abstractinq, indexlng , and analysis o f the s c i e n t l f i c and technological l i t e r a t u r e of t h e world. I t f o s t e r s the interchange o f s c i e n t i f i c and technoloaical information amonq s c i e n t i s t s and technologists i n the United States and foreign countries. As D i r e c t o r o f the American Institute o f Phys~cs since 1966 D r . Koch has led t h a t organization through i t s development o f a secondary informatlon system that produces abstract journals , i ndexes , monthly m i c r o f i lms , and computer-readable maqnetlc-tape information nokices. P r i o r t o h i s c u r r e n t p o s i t i o n a t AIP, Dr. Koch was Chief o f the Radiation Physics D i v i s i o n a f the National Bureau o f Standards. He has a l s o taught and done research a t the U n i v e r s i t y o f I l l i n o i s . NATIONAL FEDERATION OF ABSTRACTING & INDEXING SERVICES of Abstracting and Indexing Services has announced publication o$ the r e p o r t on A Study of Coverage Overlap Aqong Fourteen MaJor Science and Technology Abstracting and Indexing Services (research conducted under Natf onal Sclence Foundation Contract C875 from the Division of Science In\u00a3 o m t i o n . ) The 84-page r e p o r t by Toni Carbo Bearman, P r i n c i p a l I n v e s t i g a t o r and W i l l i a m A. Kunberger, Project Coordinator, was issued February, 1977, a s NFAIS-77/1. This report provides extensive information on the study of journal article overlap among fourteen s e r v i c e s . Also included i n the r e p o r t is a set of 8 microfiches providing CODEN, journal title, the codes f o r the abstracting and indexing (A&I) services covering that journal (a l i s t of these codes with corresponding s e r v i c e name appears i n the report), and the number o f 1973 articles selected from the journal by each service f o r the 5,466 journals from the Overlap Study with possible a r t i c l e overlap. A fopr-page bibliography i s also included. The report is available f o r $15 prepaid from the National Fede'ration of Abstracting and Indexing Services, 3401 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, U.S.A." }, "FIGREF15": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "The T H E S A U R U S contains 10,500 terms, of which about two-thirds are authorized descriptors, linked by a network of more than development in general, and more particularly, those wh.ich call heavily on the A P P L I C A T I O N O F SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY.SPINES alms at establishing a decen-t r a l i z e d international system for informatzon exchange among Unesco Memher S t a t e s ." }, "FIGREF16": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "a l -s i z e d volumes which cost $ 2 . 5 0 each, or $12.50 f o r the full s e t . Orders should be directed to: Ms. Beverly Ann Tobiason B o l t Beranek and Newman, Inc. understanding project is an effort to develop a continuous speech understanding system which uses syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic support from higher level linguistic knowledge sources to compensate for the inherent acoustic indeterminacies in continuous spoken utterances. These knowledge sources are integrated with sophisticated signal processing and acoustic-phonetic analysis of the input signal, to produce a total system for understanding continuous speech. The system contains components for signal analysis, acoustic parameter extraction, acoustic-phonetic analysis of the signal, phonological expansion of the lexicon, lexical matching and retrieval, syntactic analysis and prediction, semantic analysis and prediction, pragmatic analysis and prediction, and inferential fact retrieval and question answering, as well as synthesized text or spoken output." }, "FIGREF17": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Introduction and Qverview A Introduction B. Design Phllosoph of HWIM P L . Overview of fina system Do Design of f l n a l performance t e s t and performance a n s e t of sentence types 2. Sam l e t r a c e of an utterance being processed . pub f i c a t i o n s 2. Comprehensive Index t o Technical Notes Volume 11. Acoustic Front End A . Acoustic ~etm B. Acoustic-Phonetic Recognition C. 4 S eech Synthesis-by-Rule Propram D. Ver f f i c a t i o n E. References F' . Appendices 1. Dictionar Phonemes 2. L l s t of A ? R labels z List of APk rules . Parameters f o r Scorina: Volume 111. Lexicon, Lexical Retrieval and Control an# examples of dictionar f l l e s ; I . Result summaries f o r each token ]t TRAVEilrICT and BIGDICT)" }, "FIGREF18": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Exposes de 60 minutes, suivis d'une discussion de 15 minutes. Zqtervent ions : . J . iWRAN etal, GAEISAU, Ecole dl~rchitecture de Marseille-Luminy. . J , PIOLLE, ~niversite de Provence, Alx-en-Provence. D. PASCOT, I n s t l t u t dlAmenagenant,des Entxeprises, Aix-en-Provence, 13H15 -Dejeuner. apes-midi 14H30-18H -Discussions ct syntheses, C. I -------" }, "FIGREF19": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Languages f o r Speci-a1 Purposes ( s c i e n t i , f i c , t e c h n 2 c a l ) C e n t r e s f o r S t u d i e s o r Research on Language L e x i c o l o g y , Lexicography, Terminology Trans l a t .i.on Q u a n t i t a t i v e , C y b e r n e t i .~ , and Computati.ona1 Li.ngui.sti cs Wri-ting Codes and Graphic Systems SECRETARIAT OF THE AILA CONGRESS I978 c/o Jacques D. G i r a r d Unlversi ty of Mon treaf Box 6128, S t a t l o n \"A\" Montreal (Quebec) CANADA H3C 3 5 7Telephone. (51 4) 343-7393" }, "FIGREF20": { "type_str": "figure", "num": null, "uris": null, "text": "Some countries will take space In special exhibition areas MEDINFO 77 will have a distinctive area of i t s own The Exhibition will open Mondav, August 8 at 11 00 a m so as not to conflict with IFIP CONGRESS 77 opening ceremonies and remain open until 6 00 p m It wril be open on Tuesday, August 9 through Thursday August 11 from 9 00 a m to 6 00 p mAttendance as a delegate at either l FlP CONGRESS 77 or MEDINFO 77 will permit free admittance to EXHl BlTlON 77" }, "TABREF0": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
C L PRESIDENTIALADDRESS. 19773
E D I T O R ' S 1 9 7 6 .MINUTESt R E P O R T 1 5~~ ANNUAL ACL BUSINESS MEETING
", "text": ". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 E D I T O R I A L BOARD MEETING. MARCH 1 7 . 1977 . . . . . . . . . . . 8 . . . . . . . . . . * . . . . .", "num": null }, "TABREF1": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
S REPORT5
SUGGESTIONSFOR CONTRIBUTORS
2 6
N P A I S t OVERPAPREPORT.. .4 7
I F I P t I .4 9 .
B B~ SPEECH UNDERSTANDINGSYSTEM^ FINAL
NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDINGA T SRI5 2
AFCET CONFERENCE5 3
FOURTH LACUS FORUM65
INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR O N 7P
PATTERN RECOGNITIONAND I M A G E PROCESSING
", "text": ". . . . . . . . . . . . Y JAMES KLEVENS . . . . . . . . . . 9 N S F t LINGUISTICS PROGRAMS. GRANT LIST . . . . . . . . . . 2 NA~IONAL INSTITUTE O F EDUCATION. GRANTS AND PROPOSALS . . . . NATIONAL ENDOWMENT FOR THE HUMANI TI ES . . . . . . . . . . . . 0 NFAIS: H.W. KOCH. PRE$IDENT -ELECT . . . . . . . . . . . . RECENT PUBLICATIONS . . . . . . . . . . . : a . . o 48 'UNESCO SPINES THESAURUS . . . . . . . . 5 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CO~FERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . 5 5 ~T H INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS O F APPLI ED LINGUISTICS . . . . . . 56 I~I P C O N G R E S S~~~~. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57 MEDINFO 1 9 7 7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 2 CANAPIAN L~NGUISTIC INSTITUTE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . QA AND DATA BASE SYSTEMS . . . . . . 6 6 COMPUTER MUSIC CONFERENCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 8 CONFERENCE: VERY LARGE DATA BASES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . USHINGTON REPORT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .", "num": null }, "TABREF2": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
The agenda
includedproceduresfarsol lcit ingcanr ibut ions,the hardcopy
newsletter,anonymity of revlew,andmethodsfor classifying
contributions.Hays calleda t t e n t i o n tothe presencei n the
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF3": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
MpIBwIjIP S T A W FOR 1977 373 Individual. 144 Institutional -517 Total FINANCIAL STATUS (SRI Accounts) I ricahe 717.25 1976 Meeting 9,090----10,433.02 _ u . ----1,341.84 Balance 9,091.18 L i a b i l i t i e s 2,680.50 Secretariat Expenses (9-1-76 to 2-28-77) LO, 805-76 A X L Account ---L -13,486-26 Balance (3,915.34) [deficit] Assets 9,091,18 Liabilit-ies 3,915.34 --Balance T H E O P A Q U E C A R D PUE);PoSE. report of the research described more fully on the microfiche. Purpose, theory, method, and results can be inclnded. If space allows, the opaque cara can carry an important figure or table, the table of con-tents, a list of figures or algorithms with frame numbers, or other special materials. F I C H E F O R M A T THE FICHE: 7 rows of 14 frames each, w i t h a d i r e e t -readable header at t h e t o p . 5,175SUGGESTIONS FOR CQNTRIBUTORS NUMBERING :
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF4": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF5": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF6": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF7": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
u Cal, Santae Mechanisms of Synrao t ic Change, Santa Barbara,7 , 7 0 00 3 / 7 6 -4 3 / 7 8
BarbaraCalifornia, May 7-9, 1976
J Anderson Yale UMemory for, and Processing of, ~inguisfic Material20,000 ( t o t a l awarded 27,500) 09175--09176
G W GraceOceanic Comparative Linguistics99,50010/75--10/77
A Pawley
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF8": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
cognitive Processing of English S t u d t e s in the Acquisition of Communicative Competence Investigations in R e l a t i o n a l 10/75--J C a t l i n 13,200 03/76--03/78 37,800 07/75--07/76 U Illinois, Urbana J B Gleason 39,700 12/75--06/77 B Q S~O~ U D M Perlmutter 36,200 .Cornell U Carolyn B. Mervis 2,500 P L Kilbride Lenore D. Ralston Bryn Mawr C B Stross Willett Kempton U Texas, Austin W i l l i a m J. Seiter ornia, San Diego T G Bever Colurnbxa U R W Casson Duke U Michael' K . Tanenhaus Ohlo State U Dux a t i o n 07/7$--07176 08/75--08176 08175--08176 10/75-,-lo176 American Journal Linguistics NSF ~i n~u i s t i c 28+000 08/76--08/78 of Alaska C A Ferguson Phonology Archiving Project 49,700 08/76--04 /Strategies in Language 23,900 09/76--09/77 Stanford U Acquisition T Gay El~ctromyographic-Cineiluorographic 17,100 09/76-+nQ/78 u Connecticut S t u d i e s of Speech J Anderson Yale U I Dyen Yale U Memory for, and Processing o f , 10,000 08 /7 6--08 :?\\P L i n g u i s t i c Material (total awarded 34,800) Genetic C l a s s i f icatiorl of 7,000 09/75--02~178 Languages--Austrorresia~~ (SUPPI J Hankamer Investigations in Turkish Syntax 20,500 Harvard U 08/76--08/78 W A Stewart Study of Linguistgc Change in 56,600 Amount Duration 4,400 08176--08/77 yollth and ndul4s for elltc~lng and progress: ing 111 careers. 03176--08/MIT N A T I O N A L I N S T I T U T E O F E D U C A T I O N &cation and Work improving the abdity of the e d u a~t~o n system to. prepare Funding Me tllods Un11kt many other Federal agencies, the Institute does not distribute funds on a \"formula\" basis or ftlrough scl~eduled yearly co~t~petitions Approximatcly 80 percent of NIE's tute's goal of Snlproving American educd tion. The Institute's lntntion to support new rescarclr efforts is generally announced through either a Grants Competition or a Grdnts Competitions These g e~~e r~l l y dl \\~ri~icisllles arid collcgc\\, e t l i r~, l t l o~~ a~~ocl,iticrr~s, ant1 ulteresti*d irldrvirlu~lc '2 he Rt?~l\\rct IS sol J by the Supcri~itc~~dcrlt of Doci~ti~cr.rts, U S Govcrntl~cnt PI 1nt 11lg Clffice, a11c1 is dv,t~l,~hlt' in l~b r d t IPS of r11,ltly ~I I~~V C~S I~I C S 311d rcsca~cli institutions Requcrits for Proposals (RFP) These i~e formal procurerncnt act ions wtlicl~ announce NIE's men ts The surilmary published ~n Conzrrrrrce Rttslrre~~ Dally ir~cludcs rnfor-r n~t i o n on Ttiis lcvcl of f~~t~c i i n g fot r~i l~~l i c~t c d pro P O F J ?~ is not n p c c t c d IL) IIICIL\\,\\SC n l u~h , if at a11,111 flw I I I~~I~C C~I J~C fu t 111 L Urls~li~itcd propos drc: rckicwcd t111c~ tinlcs a year M~icll, July, and Nobcn~bct AypIlc.ntlor\\ dc,i~Il~ilcs f o r tlicsc I eview cy clc\\ arc Jantl'lry 31, htay 31, allrl Septcri~bcr 30 Applicdttorl gulciclu~es for t f~c subnitssion of an unsoli~itcd proposdl arc avallnblc frob the NIE Proposals C l c a r r~l~l l o~~s c , National Institute of Educat~oi~, \\Vazl~lngtrr~l, D C 20208 pnerally eliglble for fundmg. projects wl~:ch are primarily servlce m nature; projects wluch seek pnrnarily operational funds; projects whch appear to be of primary benefit to a lpnlted geographical area, of Government and Publlc Affars, Natlonal Institute of Educat~on, Washington, D C. 20208. State Dissemination Grants Disseminat~on Capacity Bulldtng* Special Purpose Awards Technical Assistance o h o m a s ---------'Professional Practices Center Establishment February Labs an d of a center t o identify current professional practibes and training components that focus o n desegregated and multicultural schools and classraoms, to develop models for successful training programs for teacher counselors and admin~strators in descgre-gated sc t tirlgs (Anlos Isaac) language Proficlency and Acquisitiorr To investigate language acquisition charact cr-istics for individual languages and communities, and determine how childten learn t o use their language resources (Jose Vazquez) Analyses of Bdirrgud Legislation A study to explore the unplicatlon for le@slation regarding teacher credentialing in brlingual education (Jose Vazquez) Affirmative Action A study to consider affirmative actlon as it affects the educat~on system (J Lapman-Blumen) Women's current aod future needs and to identify model programs, (J Ljpman-Blumen) Due Process Project The develoy~nent of doe process procedures rntended t o mgke school practices consistent with recent Supreme Court decisions, fair from the student's vlawpoint, and effective in foster-ing a good scl~ool cl~mate (Oliver Moles) Achieveme~lt Sfyles Project Ndtional data collect~on on achievement styles of females and males, from adolescence through nud-l~f e (J hpman-Blumen) elated proble~ns (Oliver Moles) February February February February March Marc11 Centers Open Labs and Centers Labs an d Centers Open for research proposals in N11: to r c s c a r~l~ ~~~t~t~~t r o t i s , Confl~ct Resoh t ron Training Development .nd testlng of training programs for teachers Labs April and nd admlnistrafors to prevent and deal ffectively with disruptive bet~avior and Centers
", "text": "~reated by the Congress in 1972 to 11elp sdve or allev~ate critical probtcms of A~ncrican education dl~tough the conduct dnd support of research and dcveloyl~~cnt activities. General Instttute pol~cy is set by the National Coun~il on Edi~c~tional Research, a panel of d~stinguished ctt~lcns appointed by the Prssidcnt and corrfirnled by-the Senate To focus NIE nctiv~t~es on the inost prmslng acdderllic and ad~nrnist ralive problclns in educatio~, the Councd has ~dcntlfied slx program arcas around which the 'Institute is. organ~zed These NIE program Grotips drld tllc~r rnissIons are* and npplication of tile. nsults of education rcscarch and devclopment , and bu~ldr~lg an effective R&D system. Educational Equityimproving , schools' abtlity to provide equal educational opporthity for populations whose opportunities have been limited because of their ractal, ethnic, or language background, sex, s~cioeconomic status.School Capacity for Problcm Solvingunprovlng the capdbkllty of schools and school systems to dugnose their own prob-h a w Skills impruving student performmce ,ind teacher cul~lpctencics in such esscntlail skills as redding dnd inathcq~atlcs Filldrice and Productivityimproving the dbility of cd1r~dfiond1 il~stit~tions to prov~de high quality ctluc~tion under cond~tions of declining enrolIment, rising costs, and Increased conlpct i tion for flinds to provide continuillg support for longtcrrn research and dcvdoprnent programs. The remaining funds will be used to s6pport ncw activities wl~ich corlt ribute to the Insti-Request for Proposals (RFP). skills, or the cognitive prc csses dffectmg read~ng-~olnprchcnslon)The areas covered by a particular cornpetition, as well as that competltlon's application procedures, ellgb~li ty requirements, and deadlines will be annotrnced in the Federal Register Cornpetitiot~ annoltnccments will a190 bc wrdcly dtst~ibuted by intent t o issue a contract to carry out ~peclfic tasks, such as the evaluatlorl of an ongoing project A contract will be awarded to the b~dder who subrl~its the best techrucal proposal meeting the requlrcments of the innounced scope of work w~thln a competitive budget rangeBrrcf synopscq of an RFP's are published in the Com17zocc Btisrncss Dally, subscr~ptror~s t o whicll are available from the Supcrintender~t of Docuproposals whlch meet strict criteria and outline studies relcvant to the Institute's m~ssion are supported to thc extent perrn~t ted by avarlablc futlcls Ilowevcr, because no specrdl furlcis have been set aside for unsol~cited propos'lls irl tlus fi$cal year, only a sri~all pcrccntagc of thcb\\c suh mit ted may aetunlly rccclvc. NIT ~1ippo1 t Sta tcb dcpartnionts of educat~on, local educat~on agericlcs, other public or private non profit agenclcs, organ1 zations, groups, and indlvrduals are usually eli@blc for gr.ints Corporations, institutions, or agcrlcres wllosc net earnings accrue to the bcrlefit of ally pr~vntc shareholder or ind~vldu~il arc also eligiblc to receive awards from NIL, but ~f siiccessf~~l, wlIl be aw~rded a contr.~ct rather than a rcgyumc t o a Request for Prol~r>sals ) NIE support 1s restricted tu retcarch and development projects in the field of educ,i tion The generd defi11it1011 includc~ research (bas~c and applied), pl,lrln~ng surveys, evaluat~ons, investlpt ~o n s , cxpcri ments, to research in the ficld of education. Projects such as the following are not , or number of individuals, and whose outcomes or processes do not appear to be generalizable t o a broader segment of American educahon ;projects whch appear to dupltcate or be very srmnar in nature to exlsting projects dready supported by NIE or other funding organiza tlons; projects which offer standard services or routine analyses In accordance wth standuniveroty-based Research and Development Centers. This has been done to ensure an increased degree of programmat~c and financial stablliti to a special class of mstitutbns created under Federal statute, The timing of an indrvldual announcement, as well a& the types of work cligble for support, applicatlon cri tena, ellgbihty requirements, and dead1 ines for proposals submission are subject to change For rilore detaled ~nformation about a particular ac tlvit)r, prospective applicants are urged to contact the indlvldual and program ICTroTip W d . Education is currently establlshtng a m d l n g list for lndlv~duals Interested in receiving a bnef notrffcabon of Grants Compet~tlons and major RFP's. If you would like t o be placed on the 1st to receive these brief announce-data analysis across the 7 projects to examrne the process of schools' revlew, decision, and try-out of R&D products suited to local needs, and the alternative linkage mechamsms used to provide mforhation and technical asslst ance regarding R&D outcomes useful to rural The collectton of sensing data t o identify topics and relevant content coverage on wl~ich informatton i s needed, the information -seelung and -using behavior or preferences of educatota indicatrng types of products and services appropriate, and the Studies Evduation Comprehenslve evaluat~on of approximately 200 existlrlg Women's Studies Programs to assess", "num": null }, "TABREF9": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
Research on Transferable Skills and Occupational Mobility. Can students do math ip school, but not do the aritl~metic requiredMarch
", "text": "court on the basis that the valrdlty of the requlrenlents is not establishedc Finding out how to dcvclop valid and, fair school exlt and work entry tests offers an opportunity for educZttors and employers to work tbgether to ensure that hired or promoted. Several research grants wrll be awarded to further the efforts already begun in this field. to occupational segregation. The purpose of these research grants wll be to explore what educat~on can do to remove self-limiting barriers on women's rnterest and participation in mathematics (are often the hardest to measure reliably, validly, and sensittvely. Tltis project will help impro* the capaclty of school systems to measure the effectiveness of their programs on these outcomes (", "num": null }, "TABREF10": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
learning along such dil~icns~ons as mathe-
matical content (e g. nunwrlcal, geometric, probabdlst~c), the student's culture, and
diffcrcnces in cognitive style. (Edward
FA~Y)
Investigation of Psychological Factom In Early Math Lxarning Rcscarch on the relationdlip between achicvcment in early mnthen~atics and the acquistion of
numerousness, ~eri~iion, multiple clasa-
ficdtion, etc (Edward Esty)
help
~m p l e n~c n t policy changes by studylng such
issues as mandated proficiency levels,
compe tency-based teacher l~ccnslng requrre-
ments, and ~mplcmentation nf court decisions on educatron. (Tommy
Tonllinson)
Inservice Teacher Training and staff
Development Research 04 factors and
processes which improve the competencies
of classroom teachers and thelr abllity to
successfully inlplcmen t progra~ns deslgned to
Increased student ach~evemertt in the basic
skills (Virgnia Koehler)
for later learning in mathematics. (Edward
Esty)
IsSues Related to Hand-Held Calci~lators 'Calls for plannltlg a variety of calculator-deper~dentzrograrns for different portions of the -1 2 mathematrcs currtculum
(Edward Esty)
", "text": "Problcm-Solvlng Studles of how chlIdrcn in the first years of school (k~ndergarten, first and second grades) acquire or fall to acquire the in1 tial concepts of number and numeration that are essCntla1 Studies of the relative influences of decoding and comprehension slulls on readrng achievement in the msddle grades. (", "num": null }, "TABREF11": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
The National Endowment for the Humanities is an
independent federal grant making agency created by Congress in 1965 to shpport pr0JKtS of research, ducation, and public activity itl the hixmanit~cs In
establishment Tame in response to an lntreascd aware-ncss on the parts uf educators. Icgislators, agd the genera! public that the humanities required sustained
and widespread federal support,
According to the act which establ~shed the En-
dowment, the human~ties ~nclude, but arc not Ilmittd
to, tllc following fields history, philosophy, languages,
literature, I ingur st~cs, archeology, jt~r~sprudcnce, his-
tory and crlttclsm of the arts, ethics, comparative
rcltglon, and those aspects of the soc~al scrences
employing historical or phtlosophical approaches
This last category includes cultural anthropology,
socrology, polit~cal theory, international relations, and
other subjects concerned with questions of value and
not w~t h quantitative matters
Bccause man's experience has been prtnclpally
preserved tllrough books, art works, and other cul-tural objects, the humanities are oftcn defined In
terms of the specrfic academ~c d~scipllnes llsted above
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF12": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
testing md demonstration of improved mmage-
ment and dministrative sysmns for humanities or-pnizations, and
deugn of evaluation models, techniques, and in-
strumenrs suitable for assessing ~nstitutional humani-
ties programs
Scrence, seeks proposals for develo tng models for collabora-tlve, lnterdiripltnsry wor f: between humanuts add =la1 and behavioral x i e n t i s~ on approaches to value questions arising from emerging social and economic issues SupportP\" 4\" Especially sought are conductrng hutnanrtrcs programs
Evarnples of OPA Program Development have In,
cluded Courses by Ncwspdper, rnedla experlmeAta-
tlon, huli~anlstlc programs In perforrnlng' arts ln-
stltutlons, and non-tradlt~onal study programs for
adults.
", "text": "humaaitles among groups and sectors of the society not normally ~nvolved In humanistic study, test new uses of various forms of the medla for non-tradmonal study In the humanrues, test effecttv( ways of utilrzlng scholars and resources in order to add a humanlstib dlmensron to chh work of non-educational rnstltutions, and develop joint commuqlty-wide planp~ng and resource sharing among d~fferent kinds of lnst~tutions of more effic~ent, lowercost ways of ex loring, organizing, and dlssemtnating humanistic !nowledge, area of End~wmqnt Interest IS the relat~onshtp between science, technoloby, and human values In response to growing national concern about the value rmplicattons of new advances in sclence and technology, the Nat~onaI Endowmcnt for the Hurnsnltles and the Nas~onal Sctence Foudatlon have jointly anndunced a specla1 I nterest In foster in8 research, education, and publlc-oriented activities on this subject Proposals for projects in wh~ch the drscipl~nes of the humanittes will be predom~nantly employed may be submitted to the Endowment through one of its established d:visional pro rams For projects P rquiring major ~nvolvemen t o went ists, prel~mlnary ihquiry may aIso be made to the NationaLSc~encc Foundation, concerntng the appropriateness ~f concurrent subrnisslon and revlew and wlth a vlcw to possible jotnt fundlng by the two agencles Endowment efforts in this area are coordinated through theProgram of Sctence, Technology, and Human Values in the Office of Plannrng and AnalysisAs part of the NEH program, the Ofice also indlcatd on page 1, the Endowment supports those aspects of the social sclences which have humanistic content and employ humanlst~c methods The Endowment is particularly interested in two klnds", "num": null }, "TABREF13": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "", "text": "the Unlted States. Certarn instrtutlons may receive support from scvcr.11 divlsrons of the Endo\\\\*mcnt, as \\\\*ell RS from St~ce B,l\\cd Cornmtttccu These include Lrlrurrer All of the Fndowment's div~sions have supported library projects The Fellowship Division's program of rcllowstrtp Su port to Centers for Advanced Study provrdcs fun f s to lndependenc research libraries for strpcnds to rmrdcnt scholars The Cducatlon Pmgrrms Dlv~slon supports library projects through ~t s jolnt Collcge I tbrary Program 1~1th the CounciI on L~brary Resources, as \\vcn as through its cvpcrimental Cultural Inst~tutions Program Numerous library projects arc funded rhpugh the Drv~s~on of Research Grants Centers of Research Programs.", "num": null }, "TABREF14": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
Council's tcxommcndation, and norifies the appll-cent of that decision A recommendation m fund may be of several types
An ouuight award may be made, either in thr full amount requestad or in a d u c c d amount A gifts.
and-matching a m which ut9zcs the Endowmcnt's
Congressional authorimtion to provide Treasury funds
", "text": "National Council on the Hurnanrties, an advisory council appointed by fhe President of the United States, meets to consider rll applications, along w~t h reviewers and panelists' comments During Council meetings all applruat ions and review summaries are considered within Council committees and finally brought before the full Gauncil fox its recommendations Thc Chairman of the Endowment, who also serves as Chairman of the National Guncil on the Humanities, makes the find decision on each proposal dicr mciving the", "num": null }, "TABREF15": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
HEALTH-INFORMATICS
CanadIan Exper~ence
by J F Btrndejs
Proceedings of the IFIP Working Conferenca on Data Base -Management Cargbse Corslca France 1-5 Apr~l 1974 SOclefteS (or groups of such edlted bv J W Kllmble and t?atlona/ fgderatron of professronal-technrcal socretres) concerned wrth K L off em an informatron processmg 1974 ~+ 4 2 3 pages Puce US$27 75lDfl 72 00 For many years, there hasIFlP MEDICAL INFORMATlCS MONOGRAPH SERIES, Vol 2 1976 xlv + 240 pages Prlce US S24 501Dfl 65 00 MINICOMPUTER SOFTWARE Proceedlngs of the IFIP Conference on Software for M~n~computers Lake Balaton Hungary
8-12 September 1975
Proceedlngs of the lFlP TC-2 Spec~al Work~ng Conference on Data base Descr~pt~on Wep~&n1976 xlv + 334 pages Prlce US $27 501Dfl 75 06
Belg~um 13-17 January 1975 ed~ted by B C M Douqud and G M Nljssen 1975 v111+382 pages Prlce US $31 75/Dfl 76 00MODELLING IN DATA BASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Proceedlngs of the IFIP Work~ng
COMMAND LANGUAGES Proceedlngsof the lFlP Worklng Conference on Command LanQuaaes Lund Sweden ~u l y -2 9 -I u g~s t 2 1974 1975 VI I I + 402 pages Prlce US$27 751Dfl 72 00Conference on Modelling In Data Base Management Systems Freudenstadt Germany 5 8 January 1976 ed~ted by G M Nijssen 1976 ~III + 418 pages Prlce US $35 OOlDfl 90 00 DEUlSlON MAKING AND
COMPUTERS IN EDUCATION Proceed lngs of the IFlP Second World Conference on Computers In Educat~on Marse~lles France 1-5 September 1975 ed~ted by 0 Lecarme and R Lewis 1975 xx11-r-1020 pages Prlce US $83 50/Dfl 200 00 HUMAN CHOICE AND COMPUTERS Proceedlngs of the IFlP Conference on Human Cholce and Computers V~enna 1-5 April 1974 ed~ted by E Mumiord and H Sackman 1975 x t 358 pages Prlce US $32 95lDfl 85 00 (for prlces In your local currency, consult your Unesco natlonal dlstr1butor)-like the SPfNES Feaslb~lrty Study Questions about orders should be sent to the U nesco Press Cornmerc~al Serv~ces, 7 Place de Fontenoy, 75700 Pars (France)COMPUTER SIMULATION OF WATER RESOURCES SYSTEMS Proceedlngs of the IFlP Worklng Conference on Computer Slmulatlon of Water Resources Systems Ghent Betglum July 30 August 2 1974 edlted by G C Vansteenklste 1975 VIII +680 pages MEDINFO 74 Proceedtngs of the Flrst Wmld Conference on Med~cal Informatics, Stockholm Sweden 5-1 0 August 1974 edrted by J Anderson and J g Forsythe 1975 xlv111+1192 panesMEDICAL CARE C A~ INFORMATION SCI.kNCE HELP7 Proceedlngsof the IFIP Worklng Conference on Decls~on Maklng and Medical Care Dljon France24 &~a y 1976 edltedby F T de Dombal and F Grbrn~! 1976 XVIII + 604 pages Prlce US $55 001Dfl 140 00 SYSTEM SIMULATION I N WATER RESOURCES Proceedlngs of the IFIP Worklng Conference on B~osystems Slmulat~on In Water Resources and Waste Problems Bruges Belgrum September 3-5 1975 ed~ted by G C Vansteenkrste Prlce US t3450lDfl 105 00 1976 x + 418 pages
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF16": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "", "text": "Microfiche 65 : 50 BBN SPEECH UNDERSTAND I IiG SY STEfl -F I NAL REPORT 30 OCTOBER 1974 TO 29 OCTOBER 1976", "num": null }, "TABREF17": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
I _ LCentre do Pllysiqul Thcorique -Seminaire 2 31, Chemin Joseph Aiguier -13 ~1~r s e i l l e
Performance hesults f o r Strateky Variations 5. bLCuLCT a n d TRAVGLDZCT l i s t l n g s 6. Dlctlonary Volume I V . Syntax and Semantics A . Parsers B. Grammars C. Prosodlcs D . References E. Appendices 1-Listing of MIDGRAM Grammar 2. Sample Parse-Interpretations 3. Parser t r a c e
Volume V. TRIP A . Intr'o'Sailtion
. L i n~u l s t i c Processing E. Execution F . R~S D O~S~ Generatlon G o u Conclusions H. References
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF18": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
Microfiche 65 : s Microf ichc 65 5~
FIFTH INTERNATIONAL JOINT CONFERENCE ON A ARTI FI CI AL INTELLIGENCE
Ve CONQRES INTERNATIONAL
DE LINGUISTIQUE'APPL~QU~E
THEMES :
", "text": "STH INTERNATIONAL CONGRESS OF A P P L I E D L I R G U I S T I C S", "num": null }, "TABREF19": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
American Journal of ComputationalMicrofiche 6 s : 57
AREA 4Computer Networks
Cha/rmonProfessor E Mannlng -Canada
DetailsAspects o f the merger of computer and telecomrh unicat~ons
technologies
Modelling and analys~s
Distributed processlng hardware, software, data
management
Packet-sw~tched communlcatlons technology, standards,
experiences Impact of minicomputers and microprocessors AUGUST 8 -12, TORONTO, CANADA Pr0t0cols
Applications
AREA 5 USA CONTACT ADDRESS: U . S . COMMITTEE FOR I F I P CONGRESS 7 7 Appl~cat rons In Sc~ence and Eng~necrrng Chairman Pm fessor Y Shmyg levsky -USSR 4 4 0 Hose Lane, Detai Is Recent advances In mathemat~cal computation and In the Piscataway, New Jersey 08853 computational aspects of cybernetics and process control
Numerical computation and packages
Symbol manipulat~on
Parallel algor~thms
Models o f the environment
Pattern recognition
Robotics PROGRAM AREAS Picture processing
AREA 3Theoret~cal Foundat ions of l nformat~on Processing Process control systems
Chairman AREA 6Professor S lgarashi -japan Computer Alded Des~gn
Details Charrmart DetailsFormallzat~on *of concepts In program verificat~on, pro-gramming methodology, data bases and artificial intelll-gene
Mathematleal theory of programs, computation and lan-
guages
Representat~on, semantics, optimlzatlon and complexity
AREA 2Computer Hardware
Chairman:
Deta~lsDevelopments In technology and their influence on corn-puter system deslgn It is expected that there will be
particular emphasls on
AREA 7Parallel Processing a Speclal purpose Processors
CharrmanM~croproces~ors
Detai IsCollections of M~croprocessors Very large memorles
Evolutiom~of lnformatlon Process~ng Technology
AREA 3Computer Software
Cha~rmunDr, H D. M111s -U S A
Deta~lsPrograms and procedures wh~ch fac~litate the development, operatjon and evolution o f applicat~on systems
Operating systems
AREA 8Program rn~ng systems Data management
Cha frrnan DetailsDevelopment tools Software engineering Software rellabrlrty
System performance
M~cro prograrnmlng systems
", "text": "", "num": null }, "TABREF20": { "type_str": "table", "html": null, "content": "
I F I P 77 I F I P 77
Mathemat~cal Theory o f Code Optimizalon
Very Large Memorles
M~cro processors
The Evolution of Information Processrng Technology
Reliable Software
Program Modular~ty
Costs and Benefits o f Interactive Computing
Interconnectton of Networks
Understand~ng of Natural Language
Methods o f Pattern Recognltron
Models o f Ecosystems
Organlzatlon o f Large Computations
Economics, Organizational and Soclal lmplicat~ons of Computer A~ded Des~gn . Deslgn Automation and Large Scale lntegratlon W h~h Way ~n Computer Graph~cs
Modelling In Computer A~ded Des~gn
Busrness Problems In Plannlng of Data
Commun~cat~ons Networks
In formation Systems for Manufabtur~ ng and
Dlstrlbut~on
Interactive Approaches to Corporate Ptannrng and Control
Effects of lriformatron Technology on Organlzat~on
Structures
( I Consequences of Expected Changes In the Cost Analysis of applications Effectiveness of lnformatlon Technology Means, methods and techniques Progress of Data Management and Teleprocessing 1n Hardware considerations Large Organrzat~ons Computer graph~cs Role of Information System Professionals on General Economic and soclal aspects Management
Applications in Marlagenlent and Admln~stration Organrzatiowl Productlvrty The Role of lnformatlon Technology Mr P. J Dlxon -Canada From Word Process~ng to Corporate Plann~ng -Global Management of change lnformatlon Systems, Strategies and Achievements Managlng lnformat~on processing Applicattons In management Computer Systems for Educatron In Schools
Appl~cations In administratron Computer Systems for Education In Unlverslt~es
Minicomputers in adminrstrative data processing Computer Systems for On-the-Job Tralnlng Cost effectiveness Technological Llmltatrons on Computer Assisted Information systems and organization structures rn Telecommunications and information management lnstructron
Data processtng operations management
Secur~ty and privacy
Informat~on Processing and Education
Professor L Bolllet -France
User needs
Industry needs
Science needs
Computer educat~on systems
", "text": "It is planned to conduct panel discussions or minisymmsia on the followrng topics' . Programming Methodology, Ver I ficatron and Synthesis", "num": null } } } }