|
{ |
|
"paper_id": "Y16-3002", |
|
"header": { |
|
"generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", |
|
"date_generated": "2023-01-19T13:47:03.693456Z" |
|
}, |
|
"title": "-DSDQHVH 3RVWYHUEDO &RQVWUXFWLRQV 5HYLVLWHG", |
|
"authors": [ |
|
{ |
|
"first": "", |
|
"middle": [ |
|
"Rkml" |
|
], |
|
"last": "Dpdgd", |
|
"suffix": "", |
|
"affiliation": {}, |
|
"email": "" |
|
} |
|
], |
|
"year": "", |
|
"venue": null, |
|
"identifiers": {}, |
|
"abstract": "", |
|
"pdf_parse": { |
|
"paper_id": "Y16-3002", |
|
"_pdf_hash": "", |
|
"abstract": [], |
|
"body_text": [ |
|
{ |
|
"text": "30th Pacific Asia Conference on Language, Information and Computation (PACLIC 30)Seoul, Republic of Korea, October 28-30, 2016", |
|
"cite_spans": [], |
|
"ref_spans": [], |
|
"eq_spans": [], |
|
"section": "", |
|
"sec_num": null |
|
} |
|
], |
|
"back_matter": [], |
|
"bib_entries": { |
|
"BIBREF0": { |
|
"ref_id": "b0", |
|
"title": "\\XVKX 8QLYHUVLW\\ -XO\\ 6HUDNX 7RKUX $ '\\QDPLF 6\\QWD[ 0RGHOOLQJ RI 3RVWSRVLQJ LQ -DSDQHVH 1DUUDWLYHV 3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH WK 3DFLILF $VLD &RQIHUHQFH RQ /DQJXDJH ,QIRUPDWLRQ DQG &RPSXWDWLRQ 3$&", |
|
"authors": [ |
|
{ |
|
"first": "6dndl +lurpx 6hlexwvxjhqjrjdnx Dsxurrfklqr Ndqrrvhl 7kh Srvvlelolw\\ Ri D Elrolqjxlvwlf Dssurdfk +dqgrxw Ri Wdon Dw Wkh", |
|
"middle": [], |
|
"last": "V\\psrvlxp Wlwohg \u039c", |
|
"suffix": "" |
|
}, |
|
{ |
|
"first": "\u00b6", |
|
"middle": [ |
|
"Rnrurqr" |
|
], |
|
"last": "Djdnxwrvlwhqr *hqjr", |
|
"suffix": "" |
|
}, |
|
{ |
|
"first": "", |
|
"middle": [], |
|
"last": "Hqn\\x /Lqjxlvwlf Uhvhdufk Dv D Vflhqfh Ri Plqg", |
|
"suffix": "" |
|
}, |
|
{ |
|
"first": "", |
|
"middle": [], |
|
"last": "Dw", |
|
"suffix": "" |
|
} |
|
], |
|
"year": null, |
|
"venue": "", |
|
"volume": "", |
|
"issue": "", |
|
"pages": "", |
|
"other_ids": {}, |
|
"num": null, |
|
"urls": [], |
|
"raw_text": "6DNDL +LURPX 6HLEXWVXJHQJRJDNX DSXURRFKLQR NDQRRVHL 7KH SRVVLELOLW\\ RI D ELROLQJXLVWLF DSSURDFK +DQGRXW RI WDON DW WKH V\\PSRVLXP WLWOHG \u00b5 \u00b6.RNRURQR .DJDNXWRVLWHQR *HQJR .HQN\\X /LQJXLVWLF UHVHDUFK DV D VFLHQFH RI PLQG DW .\\XVKX 8QLYHUVLW\\ -XO\\ 6HUDNX 7RKUX $ '\\QDPLF 6\\QWD[ 0RGHOOLQJ RI 3RVWSRVLQJ LQ -DSDQHVH 1DUUDWLYHV 3URFHHGLQJV RI WKH WK 3DFLILF $VLD &RQIHUHQFH RQ /DQJXDJH ,QIRUPDWLRQ DQG &RPSXWDWLRQ 3$&/,&", |
|
"links": null |
|
}, |
|
"BIBREF3": { |
|
"ref_id": "b3", |
|
"title": "6WRZHOO 7LP 7KH 3KUDVH 6WUXFWXUH RI 7HQVH ,Q -RKDQ 5RRU\\FN DQG /DXULH =DULQJ HGV 3KUDVH 6WUXFWXUH DQG WKH /H[LFRQ 6WXGLHV LQ 1DWXUDO", |
|
"authors": [], |
|
"year": null, |
|
"venue": "", |
|
"volume": "", |
|
"issue": "", |
|
"pages": "", |
|
"other_ids": {}, |
|
"num": null, |
|
"urls": [], |
|
"raw_text": "6WRZHOO 7LP 7KH 3KUDVH 6WUXFWXUH RI 7HQVH ,Q -RKDQ 5RRU\\FN DQG /DXULH =DULQJ HGV 3KUDVH 6WUXFWXUH DQG WKH /H[LFRQ 6WXGLHV LQ 1DWXUDO", |
|
"links": null |
|
} |
|
}, |
|
"ref_entries": { |
|
"TABREF0": { |
|
"num": null, |
|
"text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u00b57DUR DWH FDNH \\HVWHUGD\\ \u00b6 E 7DURJD NHLNLR WDEHPDVLWD NLQRR 7DUR120 FDNH$&& DWH \\HVWHUGD\\ 7DURJD \u00b57DUR120 \u00b6 LQ D DQG NLQRR \u00b5\\HVWHUGD\\ \u00b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u00b5YHU\\ ODUJH \u00b6 PRYHV OHIWZDUG IURP D SRVLWLRQ LQVLGH WKH QRXQ SKUDVH LH \u00b5KRXVH \u00b6 7KLV PRYHPHQW KRZHYHU YLRODWHV WKH /HIW %UDQFK &RQGLWLRQ /%& ZKLFK VWDWHV WKDW DQ HOHPHQW LV LQKLELWHG IURP PRYLQJ RXW RI WKH VSHFLILHU SRVLWLRQ RI '313 7KDW LV LW LV LPSRVVLEOH WR GHULYH ZKLFK LV D VXSSRVHG VRXUFH IRU 7KHUHIRUH WKHUH LV QR ZD\\ IRU 7DQDND \u00b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u00b6V DQDO\\VLV DV ZHOO $QRWKHU SUREOHPDWLF H[DPSOH LV WKH RQH LQ RI ZKLFK WKH VHFRQG FODXVH LQ WKH VRXUFH PLJKW EH 7DUR DQG NDUH \u00b5KH \u00b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u00b5VRPHRQH \u00b6 WDNHV VFRSH RYHU VXEHWHQR KRQ \u00b5DOO ERRNV \u00b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u012e LV QRQGLVWLQFW IURP \u0215 LQ WHUPV RI DJUHHPHQWIHDWXUHV DPDGD , SURSRVH WKDW LQ -DSDQHVH &DVH IHDWXUHV DUH LQWHUSUHWDEOH LH YLVLEOH DW WKH LQWHUIDFHV RQO\\ LI WKH\\ DUH PRUSKRORJLFDOO\\ UHDOL]HG DV FDVH SDUWLFOHV VXFK DV JD DQG R LQ WKH SKRQRORJLFDO FRPSRQHQW \u00b3/HJLELOLW\\ FRQGLWLRQV\u00b4 &KRPVN\\ FDQ WKXV EH PHW IHDWXUHV DQG KHQFH 7DURJD LV OLFHQVHG LL LQ WKH ,5V LV DSSOLFDEOH LQ WKLV FDVH DQG WKXV 7DURJD LV FRQVWUXHG DV D SRWHQWLDO PRGLILHU RI WKH YHUE ,Q -DSDQHVH KRZHYHU 13V DUH QRW DOORZHG WR PRGLI\\ YHUEV RU YHUE SKUDVHV ,W LV WKHUHIRUH LPSRVVLEOH WR LQWHUSUHW LHR LV FRQVWUXHG DV DQ DUJXPHQW RI WKH YHUE NDX \u00b5EX\\ \u00b6 $V IRU VXJRNX RRNLL \u00b5YHU\\ ODUJH \u00b6 LW FFRPPDQGV LHR DQG WKH\\ DUH QRQGLVWLQFW LQ WHUPV RI DJUHHPHQW IHDWXUHV 7KXV VXJRNX RRNLL LV OLFHQVHG 6XJRNX RRNLL LV QHLWKHU DQ 13 QRU D &3 EXW DQ $3 DQG FDQ KHQFH EH FRQVWUXHG DV PRGLI\\LQJ 7DUR DQG NDUH \u00b5KH \u00b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u00b57DUR PDGH VXVKL DQG .HQ DWH VXVKL \u00b6 1H[W OHW XV WXUQ WR WKH VFRSH DPELJXLW\\ LQ E UHSURGXFHG DV WKH REMHFW LV VFUDPEOHG OHIWZDUG WR WKH LQLWLDO SRVLWLRQ RI WKH FODXVH DQG D VFRSH DPELJXLW\\ HPHUJHV 7KLV DPELJXLW\\ FDQ EH H[SODLQHG E\\ WKH VFRSH DVVLJQPHQW UXOH LQ VXEHWHQR KRQ \u00b5DOO ERRNV \u00b6 FFRPPDQGV GDUHND \u00b5VRPHRQH \u00b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u00b6 7KH REMHFW VXEHWHQR KRQR \u00b5DOO ERRNV$&& \u00b6 PD\\ XQGHUJR VFUDPEOLQJ EHFDXVH QRWKLQJ SURKLELWV WKH 7KH HOHPHQW FRLQGH[HG ZLWK 43 PD\\ RU PD\\ QRW EH WKH WUDFH RI 43 VHH $RXQ DQG /L $EH $V ZLOO EH VHHQ LQ LW LV DVVXPHG WKDW WKH YHUE LV DWWDFKHG WR WKH OLJKW YHUE DQG WKHQ WKH FRPSOH[ Y LV DGMRLQHG WR 7 DW WKH LQWHUIDFHV REMHFW IURP EHLQJ DQDO\\]HG DV D VFUDPEOHG HOHPHQW XQOHVV V\\QWDFWLF SULQFLSOHV DUH YLRODWHG 7KH VWUXFWXUH LQ \u00b6 LV FRPSDWLEOH ZLWK WKH IDFW WKDW LV VFRSDOO\\ DPELJXRXV LQ \u00b6 WKH 39( FFRPPDQGV WKH VFUDPEOHG REMHFW VXEHWHQR KRQ DQG WKH VFUDPEOHG 13 FFRPPDQGV WKH QXOO DUJXPHQW HG@ KHDGV DUH MRLQHG \\LHOGLQJ DQ DGMXQFWLRQ VWUXFWXUH LQ ZKLFK FDVH WKH WZR KHDGV PXVW EH VWULFWO\\ OLQHDUO\\ DGMDFHQW DW WKH PRPHQW RI DSSOLFDWLRQ RI WKH UXOH $GDSWHG IURP YDQ 5LHPVGLMN /HW XV QRZ UHWXUQ WR WKH TXHVWLRQ RI WKH V\\QWDFWLF SRVLWLRQ RI WKH 39( $V VKRZQ DERYH LQ WKH 39( LV QRW DOORZHG WR DGMRLQ WR Y3 RU WR 73 ,Q D VXVLR \u00b5VXVKL$&& \u00b6 LV DGMRLQHG WR Y3 E\\ H[WHUQDO 0HUJH DV GLDJUDPPHG LQ D ZKHUH WKH 39( LQWHUYHQHV EHWZHHQ WKH YHUE WDEH \u00b5HDW \u00b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u00b5HDW3$67 \u00b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|
|
"content": "<table><tr><td>>&3 WL +DQDNRR DLVLWHLUX NRWR@JD KRQWRR $FFRUGLQJ WR WKLV DQDO\\VLV WKH H[DPSOH LQ LV +HDG $GMXQFWLRQ 7ZR SKRQHWLFDOO\\ LGHQWLILHG</td><td>39( FRQFXUUHQWO\\ PRGLILHV ULQJR \u00b5DSSOH \u00b6 DQG .HQJD LHR NDLPDVLWD VXJRNX RRNLL .HQ120 HDW 3$67 4 VXVKL$&&</td></tr><tr><td colspan=\"2\">$ 5LJKWZDUG 0RYHPHQW $QDO\\VLV ,Q WKH IUDPHZRUN RI JRYHUQPHQW DQG ELQGLQJ WKHRU\\ 6LPRQ FODLPV WKDW WKH -39& LV JHQHUDWHG E\\ ULJKWZDUG PRYHPHQW DQG SURSRVHV WKDW WKH 39( LV PRYHG ULJKWZDUG IURP D SUHYHUEDO SRVLWLRQ DQG ULJKWDGMRLQHG WR D FODXVH DV VFKHPDWL]HG LQ ZKHUH D WUDFH RI WKH 39( LV LQGLFDWHG E\\ W >&3 >&3 \u00ab\u00abWL\u00ab\u00ab\u00ab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u00b5RUDQJH \u00b6 DQG WKH SURQRXQ NDUHUD \u00b5WKH\\ \u00b6 FDQ UHIHU WR 7DUR DQG .HQ LH WKH VRFDOOHG VSOLW DQWHFHGHQW SKHQRPHQRQ ,I PRYHPHQW ZHUH LQYROYHG LQ WKH GHULYDWLRQ QR VRXUFH VWUXFWXUH IRU ZRXOG H[LVW 7DURZD ULQJRR .HQZD PLNDQR 7DUR723 DSSOH$&& .HQ723 RUDQJH $&& WDEHPDVLWD NLQRR NDUHUDJD NDWWD DWH \\HVWHUGD\\ WKH\\120 ERXJKW \u00b57DUR DWH DQ DSSOH DQG .HQ DWH DQ RUDQJH ZKLFK WKH\\ ERXJKW \\HVWHUGD\\ \u00b6 /HIWZDUG 0RYHPHQW $QDO\\VHV $ %LFODXVDO 'HOHWLRQ $QDO\\VLV 7DQDND DVVXPHV IROORZLQJ .XQR WKDW WKH -39& VKRXOG EH GHULYHG IURP WZR VHSDUDWH FODXVHV WKDW KDYH QR KLHUDUFKLFDO UHODWLRQ DV VFKHPDWL]HG LQ >&3 \u00abSUR\u00ab\u00ab \u00ab@ >&3 \u00ab\u00ab\u00ab\u00ab@ $FFRUGLQJ WR 7DQDND WKH ILUVW FODXVH &3 PD\\ RU PD\\ QRW FRQWDLQ DQ HPSW\\ SURQRXQ SUR DV LQ DQG LQ WKH VHFRQG FODXVH &3 D \u00b339(\u00b4 LV OHIWDGMRLQHG WR ,3 E\\ VFUDPEOLQJ LQ RYHUW V\\QWD[ DV VKRZQ LQ D ZKLFK LV WKH 6 VWUXFWXUH UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ 7DQDND SURSRVHV IXUWKHU WKDW WKH ,3 WR ZKLFK WKH 39( DGMRLQV LQ WKH VHFRQG FODXVH LV GHOHWHG XQGHU D FHUWDLQ LGHQWLW\\ FRQGLWLRQ DV GLDJUDPPHG LQ E ZLWK HOLGHG PDWHULDO LQGLFDWHG E\\ VWULNHRXW D >&3 >,3 39(L >,3\u00abWL\u00ab\u00ab@@ E >&3 >,3 39(L >,3\u00ab\u00ab\u00abWL\u00ab\u00ab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u00b3LGHQWLW\\ FRQGLWLRQ\u00b4 +RZHYHU WKH HOOLSVLV DQDO\\VLV KDV D FULWLFDO IODZ LQ WKH ODQJXDJH SURFHVVLQJ LQ WKDW WKH SDUVHU IDLOV WR UHFRYHU WKH GHOHWHG \u00b339(\u00b4 LQ WKH ILUVW FODXVH EHIRUH HQFRXQWHULQJ WKH 39( 7KH VDPH IODZ LV IRXQG LQ 7DNLWD IHDWXUH PDWULFHV\u00b4 .HQ120 KRXVH$&& ERXJKW YHU\\ ODUJH \u00b5.HQ ERXJKW D YHU\\ ODUJH KRXVH \u00b6 6XJRNX RRNLL .HQJD LHR NDLPDVLWD 9HU\\ ODUJH .HQ120 KRXVH$&& ERXJKW \u00b5.HQ ERXJKW D YHU\\ ODUJH KRXVH \u00b6 .HQJD NDLPDVLWD LHR VXJRNX RRNLL .HQ120 ERXJKW KRXVH$&& YHU\\ ODUJH FI .HQJD VXJRNX RRNLL NDLPDVLWD LHR .HQ120 YHU\\ ODUJH ERXJKW KRXVH$&& %DVHG RQ 0HUFKDQW :SUHIHUHQWLDOO\\ WDNHV VFRSH RYHU VXEHWHQRKRQ 6LQFH +DQDNR$&& ORYH WKDW 120 WUXH GHVX 7DURLJD LV 7DUR120 \u00b57KDW 7DUR ORYHV +DQDNR LV WUXH \u00b6 6LPRQ WKHUHIRUH FODLPV WKDW DV VKRZQ LQ \u00b3DQ HOHPHQW ILUVW DGMRLQV WR WKH 6 \u00b6> &3@ IURP ZKLFK LW RULJLQDWHV WKHQ WR WKH QH[W KLJKHU 6 \u00b6> &3@ DQG VR RQ XQWLO LW UHDFKHV WKH KLJKHVW 6 \u00b6> &3@ DQG DGMRLQV WR LWV ULJKW\u00b4 VXFFHVVLYH F\\FOLF PRYHPHQW DVVXPLQJ WKDW WKH 55& LV QRW DFWLYH LQ -DSDQHVH >&3 >&3 .HQ ZD RNXVDQ QL >&3 >&3 >&3 >&3 WL .HQ723 ZLIH WR \\DPH\\RR WR@ WL @ RPRWWHUX WWH@ WL @ KH TXLWZLOO WKDW KH LVWKLQNLQJ WKDW LWWD QR \\R@ NDLVKDLR VDLG )3 FRPSDQ\\$&& \u00b5.HQ WROG KLV ZLIH WKDW KH \u00b6V WKLQNLQJ WKDW KH \u00b6OO TXLW KLV FRPSDQ\\ \u00b6 6LPRQ %HFDXVH RI MXVW VWLSXODWLQJ WKDW WKH 39( VKRXOG VXFFHVVLYHF\\FOLFDOO\\ PRYH WR WKH URRW KRZHYHU 6LPRQ IDLOV WR H[SODLQ LQ D SULQFLSOHG ZD\\ ZK\\ WKH 39( FDQQRW VWD\\ LQ DQ HPEHGGHG FODXVH LH D URRW SKHQRPHQRQ DV VKRZQ LQ >&3 -RKQJD WL WDEHWD VXVLL \u00b1R NRWR@ ZD -RKQ120 HDW3$67 VXVKL$&& &203723 KRQWRR GHVX WUXH LV \u00b57KDW -RKQ DWH VXVKL LV WUXH \u00b6 0RUHRYHU HYHU\\ PRYHPHQW DQDO\\VLV IDLOV WR FRSH ZLWK H[DPSOHV OLNH WKH RQH LQ 7KHUH WKH $W ILUVW JODQFH L VHHPV WR EH DQ H[FHSWLRQ L >13 >'UHVV NDWWD *LQ]DGH WWH \\XX@ XZDVD@R NLLWD 'UHVV ERXJKW *LQ]DDW 3UW VD\\ UXPRU$&& KHDUG \u00b5, KHDUG WKH UXPRU WKDW VRPHRQH ERXJKW D GUHVV RQ WKH *LQ]D \u00b6 $GDSWHG IURP :KLWPDQ +RZHYHU WKH XQGHUOLQHG SDUW LQ L VKRXOG EH UHJDUGHG DV GLUHFW VSHHFK EHFDXVH WWH \\XX \u00b5SDUWLFOH VD\\ \u00b6 LV XVXDOO\\ XVHG WR TXRWH ZKDW VRPHRQH KDV VDLG FI 6HUDNX $QRWKHU W\\SH RI SUREOHPDWLF H[DPSOH VKRZQ LQ L LV IXOO\\ DFFHSWDEOH L >13 >&3 6RQNHLVLWHLUX@ JDNXVHLWDWL@JD IXHWHLPDVX \\R UHVSHFW VWXGHQWV 120 LQFUHDVH )3 7DQDND VHQVHLR 7DQDND WHDFKHU$&& \u00b57KH QXPEHU RI WKH VWXGHQWV ZKR UHVSHFW 0U 7DQDND LV LQFUHDVLQJ \u00b6 .DPDGD D GHULYHG LQ WKH ZD\\ LOOXVWUDWHG LQ .LQRR .HQJD NDLPDVLWD NXUXPDR \\HVWHUGD\\ .HQ120 ERXJKW FDU $&& \u00b5.HQ ERXJKW D FDU \\HVWHUGD\\ \u00b6 D >,3 NLQRR .HQJD SUR NDLPDVLWD@ >,3 NLQRR .HQJD NXUXPDR NDLPDVLWD@ E NLQRR .HQJD SUR NDLPDVLWD NXUXPDLR >,3 NLQRR .HQJD WL NDLPDVLWD@ F NLQRR .HQJD SUR NDLPDVLWD NXUXPDLR >,3 NLQRR .HQJD WL NDLPDVLWD@ WKH 55& HIIHFW )XUWKHUPRUH 7DQDND DFFRXQWV IRU WKH URRW SKHQRPHQRQ E\\ DVVXPLQJ WKDW VXERUGLQDWH FODXVHV FDQQRW EH UHSHDWHG IRU FHUWDLQ SUDJPDWLF UHDVRQV D >>-RKQJD VXVLR WDEHWD -RKQJD -RKQ 120 VXVKL$&& DWH -RKQ 120 VXVLR WDEHWD@ NRWR@ZD KRQWRR GHVX VXVKL$&& DWH &203 723 WUXH LV \u00b57KDW -RKQ DWH VXVKL LV WUXH \u00b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u00b57DUR \u00b6V XQFOH SUDLVHG KLP \u00b6 E.DUHLR 7DURLQR RMLJD WL KRPHPDVLWD KLP 7DUR*(1 XQFOH120 SUDLVHG \u00b5+LP 7DUR \u00b6V XQFOH SUDLVHG \u00b6 ,Q D LQ D 7KH WKLUG SUREOHP LV UHODWHG WR VFRSH DPELJXLW\\ D 'DUHNDJD VXEHWHQRKRQR \\RPLPDVLWD VRPHRQH120 DOO ERRN$&& UHDG \u00b56RPHRQH UHDG DOO ERRNV \u00b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u00abH\u00ab\u00ab +HUH , DGRSW WKH /LFHQVLQJ &RQGLWLRQ /& RULJLQDOO\\ SURSRVHG E\\ .DPDGD JLYHQ LQ D VOLJKWO\\ PRGLILHG IRUP LQ 7KH /LFHQVLQJ &RQGLWLRQ IRU DGMRLQHG SKUDVHV ZKHUH ; DQ\\ V\\QWDFWLF FDWHJRU\\ $ SKUDVH \u012e DGMRLQHG WR ;3 LV OLFHQVHG RQO\\ LI \u012e LV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK DQ HOHPHQW \u0215 VXFK WKDW L \u012e FFRPPDQGV \u0215 DQG )XUWKHUPRUH .DPDGD SURSRVHV WKH ,QWHUSUHWLYH 5XOHV ,5V LQ ,QWHUSUHWLYH 5XOHV IRU DGMRLQHG SKUDVHV 6XSSRVH WKDW D SKUDVH \u012e LV DGMRLQHG WR ;3 ZKHUH ; DQ\\ V\\QWDFWLF FDWHJRU\\ DQG LV DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK DQ HOHPHQW \u0215 WKHQ L \u012e LV FRQVWUXHG DV DQ HOHPHQW VKDULQJ SURSHUWLHV ZLWK \u0215 RQO\\ LI D \u012e LV DQ 13 RU D &3 DQG E \u012e LV QRQGLVWLQFW IURP \u0215 LQ WHUPV RI VHPDQWLF IHDWXUHV DQG VHPDQWLF W\\SHV LL \u012e LV FRQVWUXHG DV D SRWHQWLDO PRGLILHU RI \u0215 RQO\\ LI \u012e FDQQRW EH FRQVWUXHG DV DQ HOHPHQW VKDULQJ SURSHUWLHV ZLWK \u0215 \u00b31RGH $ FFRPPDQGV QRGH % LI QHLWKHU $ QRU % GRPLQDWHV WKH RWKHU DQG WKH ILUVW EUDQFKLQJ QRGH ZKLFK GRPLQDWHV $ GRPLQDWHV %\u00b4 5HLQKDUW $JUHHPHQW IHDWXUHV LQFOXGH \u00b6IHDWXUHV &DVH IHDWXUHV DQG KRQRULILF IHDWXUHV \u00b3\u012e DQG \u0215 VKDUH SURSHUWLHV LQFOXGLQJ WKHWDUROHV LI DQ\\ UHIHUHQWLDOLW\\ DQG VHPDQWLF IHDWXUHVW\\SHV XQOHVV VHPDQWLF FRQIOLFWV RFFXU\u00b4 .DPDGD Q \u00b3&RQFHUQLQJ VHPDQWLF W\\SHV LI \u012e LV DQ 13 LWV VHPDQWLF W\\SH PD\\ EH H! RU H W! W! DQG LI \u012e LV D &3 LWV VHPDQWLF W\\SH PD\\ EH W! RU H W!\u00b4 LELG ,Q .7DURJD DV PRGLI\\LQJ WKH YHUE 7KH H[DPSOH LQ E GRHV QRW FRQWDLQ H 7KH 39( NLQRR \u00b5\\HVWHUGD\\ \u00b6 LV OLFHQVHG EHFDXVH LW F FRPPDQGV WKH 93 ZLWKRXW GLVDJUHHPHQW LQ WHUPV RI DJUHHPHQW IHDWXUHV LL LQ WKH ,5V DOORZV WKH 39( WR EH FRQVWUXHG DV D PRGLILHU RI WKH 93 +HQFH E LV DFFHSWDEOH $ 6ROXWLRQ WR WKH 3UREOHPV ZLWK 0RYHPHQW $QDO\\VHV 7KH EDVHJHQHUDWLRQ RI WKH 39( PDNHV WKH 55& HIIHFW GLVDSSHDU ,Q WKLV VXEVHFWLRQ , FRQVLGHU DQRWKHU SKHQRPHQRQ WKDW PRYHPHQW DQDO\\VHV FRSH ZLWK SRRUO\\ /HW XV ILUVW UHWXUQ WR .HQJD LHR NDLPDVLWD VXJRNX RRNLL .HQ120 KRXVH$&& ERXJKW YHU\\ ODUJH \u00b5.HQ ERXJKW D YHU\\ ODUJH KRXVH \u00b6 ,Q VXJRNX RRNLL \u00b5YHU\\ ODUJH \u00b6 FFRPPDQGV LH R \u00b5KRXVH$&& \u00b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u00abH\u00ab %DVHG RQ LQ LHR \u00b5KRXVH$&& \u00b6 LV OLFHQVHG EHFDXVH LW FFRPPDQGV H DQG WKH\\ DUH QRQGLVWLQFW LQ WHUPV RI DJUHHPHQW IHDWXUHV $V FKHFNLQJ VKRXOG EH GRQH LQ WKH VSHFLILHU RI Y3 ZLWKRXW PRYHPHQW WR WKH VSHFLILHU RI 73 VHH IRRWQRWH FI )XNXL .XURGD 7KDW LV D VXEMHFW GRHV QRW PRYH WR WKH VSHFLILHU SRVLWLRQ RI 73 XQOHVV 7 KDV DQ (33 IHDWXUH FI 7KH FRPSOHWH GHILQLWLRQ RI +$3 JLYHQ LQ YDQ 5LHPVGLMN DGGV +HDG 6XEVWLWXWLRQ \u00b3D KHDG LV PRYHG LQWR KHDG SRVLWLRQ ZKLFK LV SKRQHWLFDOO\\ HPSW\\ EXW ZKLFK PD\\ FRQWDLQ \u024eIHDWXUHV WKHUHE\\ XQLI\\LQJ WKH WZR PRUSKRV\\QWDFWLF ZLWK D LH \u00b5KRXVH \u00b6 LV WKHUHIRUH FRUUHFWO\\ SUHGLFWHG WR EH DFFHSWDEOH 7KH /& LQ DQG WKH ,5V LQ FDQ DOVR DSSO\\ LQ WKH H[DPSOH LQ ZKHUH WKH 39( KDV VSOLW DQWHFHGHQWV ,I WKH 39( LQ PHUJHV ZLWK WKH WRSPRVW FODXVH WKHUHE\\ FFRPPDQGLQJ ERWK ULQJR \u00b5DSSOH \u00b6 DQG PLNDQ \u00b5RUDQJH \u00b6 LW LV OLFHQVHG $FFRUGLQJO\\ WKH 39( FDQ EH FRQVWUXHG DV PRGLI\\LQJ ULQJR DQG PLNDQ VHH IRRWQRWH &RQFHUQLQJ WKH FRUHIHUHQWLDOLW\\ RI WKH SURQRXQ NDUHUD \u00b5WKH\\ \u00b6 ZLWK 7DUR DQG .HQ LW LV QDWXUDO LQ -DSDQHVH WKDW DQWHFHGHQWV SUHFHGH WKHLU SURQRXQ /HW XV UHWXUQ WR WKH H[DPSOH LQ D UHSURGXFHG DV ZKHUH H LV LQVHUWHG 7DURLQR RMLJD HL KRPHPDVLWD NDUHLR 7DUR*(1 XQFOH120 SUDLVHG KLP \u00b57DUR \u00b6V XQFOH SUDLVHG KLP \u00b6 5HFDOO WKDW LQ D 7DURLQR RMLJD NDUHLR KRPHPDVLWD 7DUR*(1 XQFOH120 KLP SUDLVHG -XVW DV 7DUR FDQ EH FRLQGH[HG ZLWK WKH RYHUW SURQRXQ NDUH LQ VR WRR FDQ 7DUR EH FR LQGH[HG ZLWK H LQ 7KHUH WKH 39( NDUH FDQ KHQFH EH LQWHUSUHWHG DV DQ HOHPHQW FRLQGH[HG ZLWK 7DUR LH L M 1RWH WKDW VLQFH WKH 39( LH NDUHR LQ RFFXSLHV DQ $EDU SRVLWLRQ QR YLRODWLRQ RI WKH %LQGLQJ 3ULQFLSOH & RFFXUV 7KH FRRUGLQDWH VWUXFWXUH LQ L LOOXVWUDWHV WKDW WKH 39( PD\\ EH DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK PRUH WKDQ RQH QXOO DUJXPHQW LI VXVLR \u00b5VXVKL$&& \u00b6 FFRPPDQGV WKH WZR QXOO DUJXPHQWV L 7DURJD H WVXNXUL .HQJD H WDEHPDVLWD VXVLR 7DUR120 PDNH DQG .HQ120 DWH VXVKL$&& \u00b57DUR PDGH DQG .HQ DWH VXVKL \u00b6 \\RPLPDVLWD GDUHNDJD DOO ERRN$&& UHDG VRPHRQH120 VRPHRQH !! DOO \"DOO !! VRPHRQH 5HFDOO WKDW DV PHQWLRQHG HDUOLHU LQ GDUHND \u00b5VRPHRQH \u00b6 SUHIHUHQWLDOO\\ WDNHV VFRSH RYHU VXEHWHQRKRQ \u00b5DOO ERRNV \u00b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u00b6 &3 &3 GDUHNDLJD \u00b5VRPHRQH120 \u00b6 73 & VXEHWHQR KRQNR 7 \u00b5DOO ERRNV$&& \u00b6 Y3 7 HL Y \u00b6 \\RPLPDVLWD 93 Y WN 9 ,QWHUIDFH &RQGLWLRQV H[DPSOHV LQ D E VKRZ KRZHYHU WKH 39( LV QRW DOORZHG WR DGMRLQ WR Y3 RU WR 73 %HIRUH DGGUHVVLQJ WKLV SUREOHP , ZLOO GLVFXVV WKH KHDG PRYHPHQW LQ GHWDLO D >Y3 DGMXQFWLRQ@ ,PSRVVLEOH >Y3>Y3 .HQJD H WDEH@ VXVLR@ PDVLWD ND .HQ120 HDW VXVKL$&& 3$67 4 \u00b5'LG .HQ HDW VXVKL\" \u00b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u00b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u00b1R NRWR@ ZD -RKQ120 HDW3$67 VXVKL$&& &203723 KRQWRR GHVX WUXH LV ,W 6XEHWHQRKRQR SURSRVH WKH IROORZLQJ RXWSXW FRQGLWLRQ RQ 7KH 2XWSXW &RQGLWLRQ LQ UHTXLUHV WKDW NRWR 7KH SURSRVHG DQDO\\VLV WKXV IDU GRHV QRW SURKLELW FRPSOHPHQWL]HUV IRUPXODWHG LQ VXFK D ZD\\ WKDW \u00b5&203 \u00b6 VKRXOG EH DPDOJDPDWHG ZLWK WKH FRPSOH[ WKH 39( IURP DGMRLQLQJ WR DQ\\ SURMHFWLRQ YLD LQFRPSDWLEOH ZLWK EDUH SKUDVH VWUXFWXUH $V WKH LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ DW WKH LQWHUIDFHV H[WHUQDO 0HUJH XQOHVV VXFK DGMXQFWLRQ LV FRPSOHPHQWL]HUV FDQ EH JLYHQ D SURSHU 7</td></tr></table>", |
|
"html": null, |
|
"type_str": "table" |
|
} |
|
} |
|
} |
|
} |